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Speech Backup Chronological Files
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George H.W. Bush Presidential Records
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Asia n.d. [OA 7566] [2]
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26
22
2
3
June 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1989
Remarks at the Welcoming Ceremony
Mr. Prime Minister, we have much to dis-
peace and sec:
for Prime Minister Robert Hawke of
cuss at an important moment in history.
nomic progre
Australia
Events in China call for close consultation
tection of the
June 27, 1989
among the free nations. And the United
You have
States and Australia have a longstanding
President, you
The President. Prime Minister and Mrs.
tradition of such consultation on important
ership. Your (
Hawke, Barbara and I are very pleased to
issues. And I am interested in hearing your
West relations
welcome you as old friends to the United
assessments of recent world events.
ative and bold
States and to the White House. We had the
There are many pressing international
conventional
opportunity to enjoy Australia's renowned
issues. And, Mr. Prime Minister, your lead-
and other arn
hospitality in 1982 during Australian-Ameri-
ership in organizing global efforts to cope
reducing nuc
can Friendship Week. And so, Barbara and
with the threat of chemical weapons is one
importantly t
I are just delighted to try to return that
position that is greatly admired by Ameri-
weapons, you
marvelous hospitality.
cans. The United States supports Australia's
can count CO
And there's another reason why it is so
efforts, and you may be assured of our com-
Australia.
fitting for Australia's Prime Minister to be
mitment to the early achievement of an ef-
In this new
among the first official guests. Our nations
fectively verifiable treaty banning these
stancy, the di
share a similar heritage: a pioneer heritage
weapons.
alliance betwe
in the taming of two vast continents, a her-
And so, today we shall discuss world
States will ren
itage of democratic ideas, and a heritage of
events, arms control, trade, Pacific regional
national inter-
common sacrifice in war and common ef-
cooperation, economic cooperation, other
it has a wide
forts in peace. And in our last visit, Barbara
subjects.
significance. 1.
and I joined your countrymen in the com-
But, Mr. Prime Minister and Mrs.
Zealand, Unit
memoration of one of the most costly bat-
Hawke-Bob and Hazel, if you will-you
joint Australi.
tles of the Second World War-the Battle of
the Coral Sea-a poignant reminder of how
have a busy schedule in your very brief
ties in Austra
much Americans and Australians have sacri-
time with us. But we hope to make your
maintaining t
ficed four times in this century in the de-
visit to Washington as pleasant and as mem-
the effectiven
orable as ours was to your great country.
mament agrt
fense of freedom.
So, this is not just an alliance between
Welcome to Washington, sir.
our cooperat
The Prime Minister. Mr. President, Bar-
highest levels
two great powers. It is an intimate partner-
ship between two peoples. And your visit
bara, it's an immense pleasure for me, in
and more P
time since AN
reaffirms the vigor of this partnership, the
these 3 days in Washington, to renew our
But, Mr. Pr
enduring strength of our alliance.
long friendship. And it is a special pleasure
The giant strides that we've made recent-
and privilege to join with you as the elected
alliance goes
ance. It end
ly toward many of our common goals—
Chief of the greatest democracy in reaffirm-
links and brc
major progress in arms reductions; major
ing the deep, abiding friendship of our two
tural associati
progress in resolving conflicts in Afghani-
countries. In you, Mr. President, the West-
on the firme
stan, Angola, and Cambodia-all were made
ern World has an experienced and forward-
commitment
possible by the resolve of the West. Our
looking leader. And in you, Australia has a
ual liberty WI
countries prize peace, but recognize that
valued and longstanding friend.
Mr. Presid
peace comes only through Western strength
Today, as you've said, Mr. President, I
the depth an
and vigilance. And we must maintain our
look forward with you to continuing the
ship that the
alliances and stand by our friends if we are
exchange of views on all the issues affecting
exist betwee
to fulfill the promise of a new era of less-
our countries in the spirit of friendship and
honestly as,
ened tension and confrontation. And that is
of frankness which has always characterized
matters, part
why the United States is so grateful for Aus-
our association and which befits the rela-
policy. I am
tralian leadership in our common defense.
tionship and, if I may say, the partnership
will be able
America also admires Australia's bold
between Australia and the United States. As
not entirely
leadership in foreign policy, both close to
you say, Mr. President, we are meeting at a
forward to e
home and far from your shores. From the
time of historic and far-reaching change
operating in
South Pacific to Africa, Australia is a force
across the world. There now exists unparal-
multilateral
for economic growth and a beacon of de-
leled new opportunities, challenges, and,
some progre
mocracy. And we value your contribution,
may I say, responsibilities for leadership and
want: an int-
your good judgment, and your advice.
positive achievement on crucial issues of
on free and I
992
Administration of George Bush, 1989 / June 27
ave much to dis-
peace and security, East-West relations, eco-
I know that we both understand that
nent in history.
nomic progress, world trade, and the pro-
moving in the opposite direction toward a
ose consultation
tection of the world environment.
world of separate and competing trade
And the United
You have already demonstrated, Mr.
blocs would be economically disastrous and
a longstanding
President, your determination to give lead-
quite possibly strategically destabilizing.
on on important
ership. Your constructive approach to East-
That is one of the reasons, I might add, why
in hearing your
West relations is demonstrated by your cre-
earlier this year I suggested the develop-
events.
ative and bold proposal for the reduction of
ment of closer regional economic coopera-
ig international
conventional weapons in Europe. In this
tion in the Asia-Pacific region. Implementa-
ister, your lead-
and other arms controls endeavors aimed at
tion of my proposal could, I believe, im-
efforts to cope
reducing nuclear armaments, and as you
prove significantly the chances for success
weapons is one
importantly emphasize, banning chemical
in the Uruguay round, as well as acting for
hired by Ameri-
weapons, you know, Mr. President, that you
a catalyst for further growth in our dynamic
ports Australia's
can count consistently on the support of
region. I'm very keen, Mr. President, to ex-
ired of our com-
Australia.
change views with you on this proposal.
rement of an ef-
In this new and challenging era, the con-
And may I say, Mr. President, that I indeed
banning these
stancy, the depth, and the vitality of the
welcome Secretary [of State] Baker's sup-
alliance between Australia and the United
port last night for a new mechanism for
1 discuss world
States will remain crucially important to the
multilateral cooperation among the nations
Pacific regional
national interests of both our countries. But
of the regions as an idea whose time has
peration, other
it has a wider regional and indeed global
come. I am delighted that the United States
significance. Under ANZUS [Australia, New
supports my call for a ministerial meeting
ster and Mrs.
Zealand, United States security treaty], the
this year as a first step if, as I hope and
f you will-you
joint Australia-United States defense facili-
expect, there is consensus in the region.
your very brief
ties in Australia are significant elements in
Mr. President, I make this final point.
3 to make your
maintaining the peace and in supporting
The American presence has been a prime
int and as mem-
the effectiveness of arms control and disar-
factor in creating and in maintaining the
great country.
mament agreements. Over recent years,
conditions for stability and prosperity in the
our cooperation and consultations at the
Asia-Pacific region. America's continuing in-
President, Bar-
highest levels have been stronger, broader,
volvement in our region remains a key to
and more productive than at any other
sure for me, in
its future progress. As you say, Mr. Presi-
time since ANZUS was formed.
1, to renew our
dent, we have before us an imposing dialog
But, Mr. President, as we both agree, our
special pleasure
that we have to deal with.
alliance goes far beyond our defense alli-
u as the elected
ance. It encompasses dynamic economic
What gives this visit and our discussions
acy in reaffirm-
links and broad and deep human and cul-
their real substance, however, and what will
Iship of our two
tural associations. But above all, it is based
make them so mutually beneficial is the
dent, the West-
on the firmest of foundations: our shared
sense of common purpose that we bring to
d and forward-
commitment to democracy and to individ-
these matters based on our common nation-
Australia has a
ual liberty within the rule of law.
al and international interests and on our
nd.
Mr. President, it is precisely because of
common commitment to peace and to free-
Ir. President, I
the depth and the maturity of our relation-
dom.
continuing the
ship that the differences of views that do
Mr. President-George-I thank you
issues affecting
exist between us can be faced openly and
again for the warmth of your welcome not
friendship and
honestly as, for example, on some trade
merely today but since I have arrived. May
S characterized
matters, particularly aspects of agricultural
I say, not just the warmth-[aughter]-
befits the rela-
policy. I am quite confident that today we
we're used to that. And I know you have
he partnership
will be able to focus on ways to minimize, if
enormous power, perhaps more than any in
nited States. As
not entirely resolve, such differences. I look
the world, but I know there are limits to
e meeting at a
forward to exploring with you means of co-
your power. [Laughter] That warmth is a
aching change
operating in the current Uruguay round of
coincidence, but, George, there is no coinci-
exists unparal-
multilateral trade negotiations to achieve
dence about the personal warmth that you
hallenges, and,
some progress toward the goal that we both
have extended-that you and Barbara have
leadership and
want: an international trading system based
extended to Hazel and myself. For that, I
ucial issues of
on free and fair competition.
thank you. And I conclude, George, by
993
June 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1989
saying this: You have visited Australia, as
break the shackles of totalitarian rule and
tralia has risen it
you say, as Vice President; and I look for-
breathe in the life-giving air of liberty.
of England to I
ward to welcoming you to our country as
Experience has shown us that success can
nation, in culture
President of the United States and as a true
exact a heavy price. We must never forget
has taken note:
friend of Australia.
that this experiment in self-government
In classic fil
continues to thrive because our Nation is
"Breaker Moran
Note: The President spoke at 10:10 a.m. at
blessed with an abundance of brave men
Patrick White's
the South Portico of the White House, where
and women who proudly serve in its Armed
are moving exa:
Prime Minister Hawke was accorded a
Forces. These individuals stand guard on
emerging as this
formal welcome with full military honors.
the ramparts of liberty so that all Americans
ture. Australia h
Following the ceremony, the President and
can say with pride and confidence, "I'm
contribution to 1
the Prime Minister met in the Oval Office.
free."
couragement ai
Australia is the st
To every American citizen, here and
abroad, Happy Fourth of July! God bless
lamp of liberty f.
the East.
you and God bless America!
And so, Bob,
Message on the Observance of
George Bush
to acknowledge
Independence Day
sonal leadership
with ideas to b
June 27, 1989
partners of the
been a champio
Growing up in Connecticut-"the Consti-
Toasts at the State Dinner for Prime
nation's magnifi
tution State"-the Fourth of July represent-
Minister Robert Hawke of Australia
ed the best of holidays. It held the promise
ing is a fitting
of parades, picnics, and fireworks. More im-
June 27, 1989
principles. Litt
Americans, incl
portant, however, it introduced a small boy
The President. Mr. Prime Minister and
Congress, joined
to the promise of America.
Mrs. Hawke-Bob and Hazel to us, to all of
that building a
Everywhere I turned, I would see the
you-we are just delighted to have this op-
architecture in
red, white, and blue of our flag. As I grew
portunity to welcome you back to Washing-
ship. It's a kin-
older, I realized that the flag has reminded
ton, sir. I would once more reminisce about
than heritage,
generations of Americans how fortunate we
the fondness with which I remember our
guage. It is
are to live in a free and democratic Repub-
visit to Australia a few years ago, and then,
brotherhood of
lic. It is a banner respected around the
of course, your own previous visits to Wash-
Recent event
world. The Fourth of July is a day to pause
ington, DC, as Prime Minister. And now we
show that it is
and thank God that men such as Thomas
have been delighted with your gracious
what he wants.
Jefferson and Ben Franklin had the
company during this all-too-brief stay.
what he believ
strength, courage, and insight to forge a
And lest you wonder about the Prime
voice in the go
nation predicated upon the noble ideal,
Minister's travel plans, it is my understand-
economic freec
"that all Men are created equal, that they
ing that he and Hazel go right to the air-
dom, indeed,
are endowed by their Creator with certain
port, climb onto an airplane, and will be
depend one 01
unalienable Rights.
seen smiling and greeting the Chancellor of
is very timely
Today, as we celebrate the 213th birth-
the Federal Republic of Germany about 1
mean consult
day of our Nation's founding, let us recall
p.m. Federal Republic of Germany time. So,
tion-and once
the words spoken by President George
we will be brief, and-{laughter]. But I
our U.S.-Austra
Washington during his first Inaugural Ad-
think the friendship that we feel towards
The United
dress on April 30, 1789: "The preservation
our distinguished visitor is but a reflection
to support the
of the sacred fire of liberty, and the destiny
of a deeper closeness.
and, yes, hun
of the republican model of government, are
Wilbur Garrett, the editor of the National
commitment
justly considered as deeply, perhaps as final-
Geographic, wrote that, "Both America and
and allies in t
ly staked, on the experiment entrusted to
Australia exert an enduring fascination on
strong and ab
the hands of the American people."
each other, like brothers growing up in dif-
stand with us
After 213 years, Americans can say that
ferent parts_ of the world." Well, we've
free flow of
the experiment is a resounding success. The
borne great sacrifiees as brothers in war,
ideals of freed
Fourth of July is a time to rejoice in this
and now we share-great responsibilities as
So, ladies a
success, which has inspired all who seek to
brothers in peace. And in this century, Aus-
Australia is a
994
Administration of George Bush, 1989 / June 27
litarian rule and
tralia has risen in stature from a dominion
very close ally of the United States of Amer-
of liberty.
of England to become a nation, a great
ica. This visit, in my view, sir, has been an
that success can
nation, in culture and in the arts. The world
outstanding success. We are delighted that
ust never forget
has taken note: Australia, the rising star.
you have been with us, you and Hazel.
self-government
In classic films like "Gallipoli" and
And now I would like to offer a toast to
our Nation is
"Breaker Morant" and so many others-
Her Majesty, Queen Elizabeth, Queen of
of brave men
Patrick White's Nobel Prize for literature-
Australia.
ve in its Armed
are moving examples of why Australia is
The Prime Minister. Mr. President-
stand guard on
emerging as this leading light in world cul-
George and Barbara-and friends, I think
it all Americans
ture. Australia has an even more profound
the people of this country probably imagine
onfidence, "I'm
contribution to make to the world: the en-
that they have a fair idea of the capabilities
couragement and spread of democracy.
of their new President, as well they should.
zen, here and
Australia is the shining light in the Pacific, a
He has been in the public eye for a very
July! God bless
lamp of liberty for the oppressed peoples of
the East.
many, many years. I may say that Barbara
And so, Bob, let me just take a moment
has given me a few insights into some as-
George Bush
to acknowledge your own outstanding per-
pects of his character that are probably-
sonal leadership in the region. You've led
[laughter]-not so well known; but I want
with ideas to better organize the trading
to assure you, my friends, that I've come to
partners of the Pacific Basin, and you've
learn, just in the last 3 days, that he has a
been a champion of freedom's cause. Your
capacity for shrewdness which is almost
for Prime
nation's magnificent new Parliament build-
limitless.
Australia
ing is a fitting monument to democratic
It occurred on the golf course. [Laughter]
principles. Little wonder that so many
We were lined up there-the President, the
Americans, including Members of our own
Prime Minister, [Secretary of State] Jim
Minister and
Congress, joined you for the inauguration of
Baker, and [House minority leader] Bob
to us, to all of
that building and even contributed to its
Michel. And I know that my friend, Jim
, have this op-
architecture in a reaffirmation of our kin-
Baker, will take no offense; and I, with my
ck to Washing-
ship. It's a kinship that is more profound
well-known modesty, take no offense in ac-
eminisce about
than heritage, deeper than a shared lan-
knowledging that of the three of us, apart
remember our
guage. It is the universal kinship, the
from the President, there was not a doubt
ago, and then,
brotherhood of democracy.
that Michel is the best player. [Laughter]
visits to Wash-
Recent events in the Asia-Pacific region
So, with an innocence which was all bely-
And now we
show that it is not enough to let a man buy
ing, the President of the United States said,
your gracious
what he wants. He must be allowed to say
"We will now work out who plays one with
ief stay.
what he believes. He must be allowed a
the other." So, I thought that there would
ut the Prime
voice in the governing of the society. And
be a fairly reasonable process that would be
understand-
economic freedom alone and political free-
followed. It was very exotic, I can assure
ht to the air-
dom, indeed, go hand in hand. They
you. He gets his ball, and he takes a ball
and will be
depend one on the other. And therefore, it
from each of us. He puts his on the ground,
Chancellor of
is very timely for us to meet, consult-and I
and he said, "Now, here they go." He said,
nany about 1
mean consult in the real spirit of consulta-
"The ball nearest mine will be my partner."
any time. So,
tion-and once again affirm the solidarity of
And there was no doubt which ball was
ghter]. But I
our U.S.-Australian alliance.
feel towards
The United States is fully engaged in Asia
nearest his; it was Michel's, of course.
t a reflection
to support the forces of peace, democracy
[Laughter] It was never going to be any
and, yes, human rights. And our abiding
other way-a very, very shrewd operator.
the National
commitment to Australia and our friends
[Laughter]
America and
and allies in the region is going to remain
Now, we have shrewdness in sport, too, in
iscination on
strong and abiding. And I know that you
our country. George, I might say, I've had
ng up in dif-
stand with us, sir, not just in favor of the
the opportunity of sitting next to-here to
Well, we've
free flow of goods but one of ideas and
Sarah, who shares my passion for racing.
hers in war,
ideals of freedom.
And I can tell you a brief, true story about
onsibilities as
So, ladies and gentlemen, let me say that
horse racing in Australia, which will give an
entury, Aus-
Australia is a strong fellow democracy, a
indication that there is certain shrewdness
995
June 27 / Administration of George Bush, 1989
in sport in our country. It's a true story, I
boldness in testing new frontiers of experi-
alliance. May ]
Ambassador-ele
can assure you.
ence I have also increasingly come to
It was a country race meeting out in the
admire.
gotten to know
bush in Australia, and this event was a
Betty-I thank
It is the case, George, that you and I,
three-horse race-literally a three-horse
choosing them
through the responsibilities of leadership in
race. This punter went up to the bookmak-
country. We 1
our nations, have the experience now of
er and said, "I'll have $5,000 on Blue Vein."
them, and I
living at a point in history which I would
Sembler as an
And the bookmaker took his $5,000 with a
suggest by almost any definition is at one
huge grin and shoved it into his bookmak-
that you attach
and the same time the most exciting and
Our friendsh:
er's bag and said, "Thank you very much.
challenging of any time in this 20th centu-
our two count
That's my horse." To which the punter re-
ry, certainly the most challenging and
plied, "It's going to be a bloody slow race,
vanced in peac
promising, in a sense, than at any time in
dations. It invol
isn't it? I own the other two." [Laughter]
the nuclear age.
Well, my friend, George, coming to more
that the people
We are entitled-the rest of us in the
United States ar
serious matters, you and I and our two
world-to say of the leadership of the
countries are not in a slow race. We're cer-
prosperity and
United States in recent times that, by the
tainly not in a race in which we're not
tantly even tha
discharge of your responsibilities, by the
trying. It's an increasingly fast race. It's an
of our relation:
increasingly serious race. It's a race which
preparedness, as I say, to exercise boldness
that we shall do
requires all of our commitments and our
in testing new frontiers, that you have
see that those f
courage and devotion and best efforts.
given us cause for a greater degree of opti-
tured and wl
George, you and I are both politicians.
mism about the possibility of living in a
strength, our I
We've had a long experience in politics. It
world in peace than at any other time in
future shall be :
would be honest enough to say that there
the nuclear age.
creasingly, as a
are times when you have to talk about per-
When I was here 12 months ago, in
enjoyed by me
sons, even perhaps sometimes when you
speaking to a Joint Session of the Congress,
globe. That is
have to talk about nations. And where there
I referred to that thesis which had been
our great oppor
is no substance in the relationship with the
gaining some currency: that this was a
lenge.
person or the nation with which you're talk-
nation in some sort of relative decline. I
And may I sa
ing, as politicians you have to delve fairly
said then that was a thesis that I dispute, a
an immeasurabl
deeply into the wells of rhetoric and plati-
concept that I reject, because all the evi-
opportunity at t
tudes to do justice to the situation.
dence of recent times, in my analysis, points
ing with you tl
But we're fortunately in the situation
in the other direction. It is not merely a
countries so firn
where we have to do nothing of that kind.
question of the continuation of your great
Ladies and ge
Between our nations, there is an enormous,
economic might but on all the evidence of
toast to the Pre
immeasurable substance. It's a substance, a
leadership that has been the courage of the
and to the abid
relationship, which has been formed on the
previous administration of which you were
ship of the Unite
battlefields. On four occasions in this centu-
such a leading part, and which you now, as
ry, our soldiers have fought next to one
President, have taken to new frontiers.
Note: The Presi
another; they have died next to one another
It is that courage, that leadership, that
the State Dinin,
in defense of the fundamental beliefs that
boldness which, with a certain responsive-
In his remarks,
we share. And in the times of peace, our
ness from the leadership in the Soviet
to Sarah Farist
nations also have been as one in pursuing
Union, has offered to mankind, to this gen-
Bush family.
not only for the people of their own nations
eration and to our children and to theirs, a
but for others the achievement of those
greater hope for peace than at any other
ideals of freedom and liberty.
time in this nuclear age, which so frequent-
As for us as individuals, George, we have
ly-almost consistently-has been fraught
Continuation (
had the pleasure of not merely knowing
with the ultimate danger of obliteration.
Assistant Secre
one another but of being friends for the
And it takes courage, it takes strength, it
greater part of this decade, certainly a
takes leadership, it takes boldness to have
June 28, 1989
friendship which I cherish. And may I say
done those things. And, George, I want to
to you, my friends, that in getting to know
The Presider
say to you that my country looks with enor-
George Bush I've got to know a man whose
David S.C. Chu
mous appreciation to what this country has
integrity I admire, whose courage in de-
Assistant Secret
done and what you now as President are
fending lasting truths I admire, and whose
doing. We thank you for the strength of our
Analysis and Ev:
996
Administration of George Bush, 1989 / June 28
ontiers of experi-
alliance. May I say in the presence of the
Dr. Chu has served as the Assistant Secre-
asingly come to
Ambassador-elect, who I have just recently
tary of Defense (Program Analysis and Eval-
gotten to know-Mel Sembler and his wife,
uation) since July 1988. Prior to this Dr.
that you and I,
Betty-1 thank you for your decision in
Chu was the Director of Program Analysis
of leadership in
choosing them as your representative in our
and Evaluation in the Office of the Secre-
erience now of
country. We look forward to welcoming
tary of Defense, 1981-1988. Dr. Chu also
which I would
them, and I take your selection of Mel
served as assistant director for the national
inition is at one
Sembler as an indication of the importance
security and international affairs division in
ost exciting and
that you attach to our relationship.
the Congressional Budget Office, 1978-
this 20th centu-
Our friendship, as I say, the friendship of
1981; as associate head of the economics
challenging and
our two countries, forged in war and ad-
department at the Rand Corp., 1975-1978;
vanced in peace, rests on unshakable foun-
1 at any time in
and as a senior economist at the Rand
dations. It involves a commitment to ensure
Corp., 1970-1978.
that the peoples of our own nations, the
est of us in the
Dr. Chu graduated from Yale University
United States and Australia, shall advance in
adership of the
(B.A., 1964; M.A., 1965; M. Phil., 1967;
prosperity and in security. But more impor-
nes that, by the
Ph.D., 1972). He served in the U.S. Army
tantly even than that, I think the strength
sibilities, by the
from 1968 to 1970. Dr. Chu was born in
of our relationship is in our commitment
exercise boldness
New York City on May 28, 1944. He cur-
that we shall do everything in our power to
that you have
rently resides in Washington, DC.
see that those freedoms that we have nur-
r degree of opti-
tured and which have given us our
of living in a
strength, our pleasure, our hope for the
ay other time in
future shall be freedoms and rights that in-
creasingly, as a result of our efforts, shall be
Nomination of Alfred C. Sikes To Be a
months ago, in
enjoyed by men and women around the
Member of the Federal
of the Congress,
globe. That is our great responsibility, it's
Communications Commission, and
which had been
our great opportunity, and our great chal-
Designation as Chairman
hat this was a
lenge.
June 28, 1989
lative decline. I
And may I say, George, for me, that it is
that I dispute, a
an immeasurable pleasure that I have this
The President today announced his inten-
use all the evi-
opportunity at this stage of history of shar-
tion to nominate Alfred C. Sikes to be a
y analysis, points
ing with you the leadership of two great
member of the Federal Communications
is not merely a
countries so firmly united.
Commission for a term of 5 years from July
n of your great
Ladies and gentlemen, may I offer you a
1, 1988. He would succeed Mary Ann Wey-
the evidence of
toast to the President of the United States
forth Dawson. Upon confirmation by the
e courage of the
and to the abiding friendship and partner-
Senate he will be designated Chairman.
which you were
ship of the United States and Australia.
Since 1986 Mr. Sikes has served as Assist-
ich you now, as
ant Secretary of Commerce and Adminis-
V frontiers.
Note: The President spoke at 9:25 p.m. in
trator of the National Telecommunications
leadership, that
the State Dining Room at the White House.
and Information Administration in Washing-
tain responsive-
In his remarks, the Prime Minister referred
ton, DC. Prior to this he was president of
in the Soviet
to Sarah Farish, an acquaintance of the
Sikes and Associates, Inc., a broadcast man-
ind, to this gen-
Bush family.
agement and media consulting company,
and to theirs, a
1978-1986. From 1977 to 1978, he served
in at any other
as an officer in a number of companies that
ich so frequent-
owned and operated radio stations in Texas,
been fraught
Louisiana, and New Mexico. He was direc-
obliteration.
Continuation of David S.C. Chu as an
tor of the Missouri Department of Con-
ikes strength, it
Assistant Secretary of Defense
sumer Affairs, Regulation, and Licensing,
oldness to have
June 28, 1989
1974-1976; director of the Missouri Depart-
orge, I want to
ment of Community Affairs, 1973-1974; di-
ooks with enor-
The President today announced that
rector of the Missouri transition govern-
his country has
David S.C. Chu will continue to serve as an
ment for Governor-elect Bond, 1972-1973;
President are
Assistant Secretary of Defense (Program
and campaign manager for Christopher
strength of our
Analysis and Evaluation).
Bond for Governor, 1972. He also served as
997
REMARKS OF GEORGE BUSH
VICE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
BEFORE THE
NATIONAL PRESS CLUB
CANBERRA, AUSTRALIA
THURSDAY, APRIL 29, 1982
I'M DELIGHTED TO BE HERE WITH YOU TODAY. THIS IS THE FIRST TIME
IN MONTHS THAT THE AUDIENCE HAS OUTNUMBERED MY SECRET SERVICE
DETAIL.
I WANT YOU TO KNOW THAT I'M ALWAYS DAUNTED AT GOING BEFORE PRESS
CLUBS, THIS ISN'T A REFLECTION OF MY FEELING ABOUT THE PRESS-IT'S
JUST A POLITICIAN'S NATURAL INSTINCT ABOUT STANDING IN FRONT OF so
MANY OF YOU AT ONE TIME. I WAS TOLD BEFORE I CAME HERE THAT THE
PAUSE
PAUSE
AUSTRALIAN PRESS EATS PUBLIC FIGURES FOR BREAKFAST. YOU CERTAINLY
DANSE
TOLD FRANK SINATRA WHO WAS BOSS A FEW YEARS AGO, WELL, I HOPE
I'LL AT LEAST PROVIDE YOU WITH A GOOD LUNCH.
I'VE COME TO AUSTRALIA, AS YOU KNOW, IN THE INTERESTS OF GOOD NEWS,
NOT BAD. IN JAPAN I SPOKE BEFORE THE FOREIGN CORRESPONDENT'S CLUB.
I SAID THERE THAT I'D COME TO CONSULT WITH THE JAPANESE ON MATTERS
OF TRADE AND DEFENSE--NOT TO DICTATE TO THEM. I SAID THAT WE NEEDED
TO WORK TOGETHER TO WORK OUT AGREEMENTS, THAT THE ATMOSPHERE HAD IMPROVED,
BUT THAT ABOVE ALL WE SHOULDN'T LET SUCH MATTERS CLOUD THE ESSENTIAL
AND OVER-RIDING ISSUE OF JAPANESE-U.S. FRIENDSHIP. so DURING THE
Q AND A THAT FOLLOWED A FELLOW STOOD UP AND SAID, WELL, THIS BEATS
ALL. A WHILE AGO MITTERAND CAME ALL THE WAY HERE TO SAY THERE IS
HARMONY BETWEEN FRANCE AND JAPAN. AND NOW YOU'VE COME ALL THE WAY
HERE JUST TO TELL US THERE IS HARMONY BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND
JAPAN,
-2-
I TOLD HIM THAT WASN'T EXACTLY THE CASE, OR WHAT I'D SAID, THOUGH
I DID SYMPATHIZE WITH HIM. I KNOW LACK OF HARMONY MAKES BETTER
COPY THAN HARMONY. BUT ALAS, I'M AFRAID I STAND BEFORE YOU FULL
OF HARMONIOUS THOUGHTS, AND A FEW OTHER POINTS THAT NEED BRINGING
UP BECAUSE THEY MATTER, AND BECAUSE THEY'RE IMPORTANT.
I'VE BEEN TELLING AUDIENCES IN THE COUNTRIES I'VE BEEN VISITING
THAT THE UNITED STATES HAS NO DESIRE TO DOMINATE THIS OR ANY OTHER
PART OF THE WORLD; BUT THAT IT WANTS TO CONTINUE BEING A GOOD
PARTNER IN THE FREE WORLD; THAT IT WANTS TO KEEP THE LINES OF
COMMUNICATION WIDE OPEN; THAT ITS DAYS OF LECTURING ITS FRIENDS
AND APOLOGIZING TO ITS ENEMIES ARE OVER) THAT IT WANTS TO BE A
GOOD FRIEND.
AUSTRALIA IS ONE OF OUR BEST FRIENDS. WHEN PRIME MINISTER FRASER
VISITED WASHINGTON LAST YEAR, PRESIDENT REAGAN SAID AT THE TIME
THAT, "AUSTRALIA IS A FRIEND FOR THE LONG PULL, WHERE PEOPLE SEE
THINGS BASICALLY AS WE DO, BUT WHO WILL ALWAYS HAVE THE COURAGE
/ AND THE FRIENDSHIP TO TELL US WHEN THEY THINK WE'RE WRONG."
THE PRESIDENT QUOTED ROBERT LOUIS STEVENSON'S LINE, "THE BEST
THAT WE HAVE IN OUR TRAVELS IS AN HONEST FRIEND--THEY KEEP US
WORTHY OF OURSELVES." ON THIS TRIP I'VE COME TO VISIT WITH
HONEST FRIENDS.
I'VE BEEN CELEBRATING
-3-
I'VE BEEN CELEBRATING A FEW ANNIVERSARIES ALONG THE WAY--QUITE
A FEW, IN FACTI THE 30TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE SAN FRANCISCO TREATY
IN JAPAN; 100 YEARS OF DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS IN KOREA. HERE I'LL
BE MARKING TWO EVENTS IN AUSTRALIAN-U.S. RELATIONS: THE 30TH
ANNIVERSARY OF ANZUS, AND THE 40TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE BATTLE OF
THE CORAL SEA.
WE'VE FOUGHT WARS TOGETHER AND TOGETHER KEPT THE PEACE. THAT MAKES
FOR TIES THAT BIND.
THE ANCIENT CHINESE HAD A CURSE: "MAY YOU LIVE IN INTERESTING
TIMES." WE'VE LIVED THROUGH SOME INTERESTING TIMES TOGETHER. MANY
OF THOSE WHO FOUGHT IN THE BATTLE OF THE CORAL SEA DIED, AND MANY
OF THOSE WHOM IT SAVED HAVE SINCE GONE.
THE ANZUS TREATY WAS CRAFTED BY STATESMEN SINCE DEPARTED, FOR A
WORLD THAT HAS ALTERED ALMOST COMPLETELY. IT'S NOT JUST SHARED
MEMORIES AND SIGNED PAPERS THAT HAVE KEPT US ALLIES,
THERE IS WHAT SIR NICHOLAS PARKINSON, MY GOOD FRIEND AND YOUR FORMER
AMBASSADOR TO THE UNITED STATES HAS CALLED A "NATURAL ALLIANCE"
BETWEEN OUR TWO COUNTRIES: A NATURAL ALLIANCE THAT EMERGES
FROM THE MANY STRANDS, HISTORICAL AND CURRENT, TYING THE TWO PEOPLE.
IT IS THIS, RATHER THAN THE FORMAL EXPRESSION OF THE SECURITY RELATION-
SHIP EMBODIED IN THE ANZUS TREATY, WHICH IS THE LIVING CORE OR THE
ALLIANCE, AND WE WOULD DO WELL TO REMEMBER THIS AND FOSTER IT WHERE
WE CAN."
THIS NATURAI ALLIANCE
-4-
THIS NATURAL ALLIANCE OF OURS HAS PULLED US THROUGH, AND WILL
CONTINUE TO PULL US THROUGH, THE CHALLENGES OF THE POST-MODERN WORLD.
THE SOVIET UNION'S APPETITE FOR THE FREEDOM OF OTHERS IS AS
RABELAISIAN AS EVER. SOVIET TROOPS ARE WAGING THE THIRD YEAR OF
A BRUTAL WAR AGAINST THE AFGHAN PEOPLE--KILLING INNOCENT MEN, WOMEN
AND CHILDREN WITH CHEMICALS OUTLAWED BY ALL DECENT SOCIETIES. LECH
WALESA LINGERS UNDER HOUSE ARREST, THE SOVIETS HAVE ALL SORTS OF
JUSTIFICATIONS FOR THESE OUTRAGES. THEY ARE OBVIOUSLY WARY OF
EASTERN
THEIR NEIGHBORS IN EUROPE. ON THE OTHER HAND, IT DOESN'T MUCH
SURPRISE ME. THEY SEEM TO BE THE ONLY COUNTRY IN THE WORLD
SURROUNDED BY HOSTILE COMMUNIST POWERS.
THEIR FOREIGN ADVENTURES HAVE NOT, OF COURSE, HAD ANY EFFECT ON
THEIR RHETORICAL OUTPUT, WHICH IS AS DISINGENUOUS AS EVER. SOVIET
LEADERS HAVE MADE SPEECHES ABOUT THEIR DESIRE FOR A FREEZE ON
NUCLEAR WEAPONRY, DESPITE THE FACT THAT SS-20's HAVE SPROUTED LIKE
FIELDS OF ASPARAGUS, I MIGHT ADD THAT'S ABOUT THE ONLY SOVIET
HARVEST THAT HASN'T FALLEN SHORT OF QUOTA. IT OCCURS TO ME THAT
EITHER COLLECTIVE SOVIET FARMING ISN'T WORKING, OR THE SOVIET UNION
HAS GOT SOME KIND OF CHRONIC WEATHER PROBLEM.
BUT I HAVEN'T COME
-5-
BUT I HAVEN'T COME HERE TO DISCUSS SOVIET METEOROLOGY, OR AGRONOMY,
OR OTHER DREARY SUBJECTS. I'VE COME TO EMPHASIZE THAT WE'VE STOOD
UP AGAINST THEIR RECKLESS INTERNATIONAL BEHAVIOR TOGETHER. WE
STAND TOGETHER ON AFGHANISTAN, ON POLAND. WE'RE WORKING FOR PEACE
TOGETHER IN THE MIDDLE EAST THROUGH THE SINAI MULTINATIONAL FORCE
AND OBSERVERS. ISRAEL'S HISTORICAL WITHDRAWAL FROM THE SINAI WAS
COMPLETED ONLY LAST WEEK. THE PEACE PROCESS HAS GONE FORWARD,
CAUSE FOR CELEBRATION IN A WORLD IN WHICH TOO FEW PROCESSES ARE
PEACEFUL.
I THINK IT IS IMPORTANT TO NOTE THAT THE UNITED STATES--INDEED ALL
THE FREE NATIONS OF THE PACIFIC DEEPLY APPRECIATE THE INCREASED
DEFENSE OUTLAYS AND CAPABILITIES OF AUSTRALIA. THIS SACRIFICE IS
A TRIBUTE TO THIS GOVERNMENT AND THE PEOPLE. IT IS A SACRIFICE ON
BEHALF OF PEACE.
LET ME TAKE A FEW MOMENTS TO PUT IN PERSPECTIVE ANOTHER PROCESS FOR
PEACE: PRESIDENT REAGAN'S INITIATIVES ON BEHALF OF NUCLEAR ARMS
REDUCTION. THE ISSUE HAS BEEN CLOUDED A BIT, TO SAY THE LEAST. NO
ONE IS MORE INTERESTED IN A REAL AND VERIFIABLE REDUCTION IN THE
WORLD'S STOCKPILE OF NUCLEAR WEAPONS THAN PRESIDENT REAGAN, HE'S
MADE A NUMBER OF OVERTURES TO THE SOVIETS, PROBABLY THE MOST
SIGNIFICANT OF WHICH WAS HIS ZERO-OPTION PROPOSAL OF LAST NOVEMBER.
IT WAS IN THAT PROPOSAL THAT HE ANNOUNCED HIS PLAN FOR THE DRAMATIC
REDUCTION OF INTERMEDIATE RANGE SYSTEMS IN EUROPE. INTERMEDIATE
NUCLEAR FORCES TALKS
-6-
NUCLEAR FORCES TALKS ARE ALREADY UNDER WAY, HE'S MADE IT CLEAR,
BY HIS ACTIONS, NOT JUST BY WORDS, THAT HE'S WILLING TO EXPLORE ALL
AVENUES TOWARD ARMS REDUCTION. IF HE CAN SUCCEED IN CONVINCING THE
SOVIET UNION TO CHECK ITS RELENTLESS QUEST FOR NUCLEAR SUPERIORITY,
IT WILL BE QUITE AN ACCOMPLISHMENT. IT'S NOT AN EASY JOB.
THE BEST WAY, MEANWHILE, TO BRING THE SOVIETS TO THE NEGOTIATING
TABLE--PERHAPS THE ONLY WAY--IS TO REMAIN STRONG, AND TO MAINTAIN
A CREDIBLE DETERRENT. AN ADVERSARY IS MUCH MORE LIKELY TO NEGOTIATE
IF IT IS TO HIS ADVANTAGE TO NEGOTIATE. WE STAND A MUCH BETTER
CHANCE OF GETTING THE SOVIETS TO AGREE TO SOME REAL AND VERIFIABLE
REDUCTIONS IF THEY UNDERSTAND WE'RE DETERMINED TO MAINTAIN A STRONG
DETERRENT. PRESIDENT REAGAN IS COMMITTED TO RESTORING STRENGTH.
WHERE THERE IS STRENGTH, OR BALANCE, THERE IS SAFETY, BUT UNFOR-
TUNATELY THAT STRENGTH. AND BALANCE, ARE BEING ERODED BY THE SOVIET'S
MASSIVE BUILD-UP.
DURING THE 1970'S
Chin
-7-
from SP
DURING THE 1970's, THE UNITED STATES GREATLY REDUCED THE NUMBER
OF ITS NUCLEAR WEAPONS IN WESTERN EUROPE. IN FACT, THE TOTAL U.S.
NUCLEAR STOCKPILE IS AT ITS LOWEST LEVEL IN 20 YEARS, BUT THE
SOVIETS ARE NOT ALTOGETHER UNSKILLED IN THE ART OF PROPAGANDA, AND
THEY GO ON TRYING TO CONVINCE THE WORLD THAT THE UNITED STATES, AND
NOT THE SOVIET UNION, IS THE REAL SOURCE OF THE NUCLEAR MADNESS.
THEIR PROTESTATIONS IN THIS REGARD REMIND ME OF SOMETHING ONCE SAID
BY THE MARQUIS DE CUSTINE, THE 19TH-CENTURY FRENCH NOBLEMAN WHO
STUDIED RUSSIA AS DE TOCQUEVILLE STUDIED AMERICA. "WE MUST NEVER
BLAME THE RUSSIANS FOR BEING WHAT THEY ARE," HE WROTE, "ONLY FOR
PRETENDING TO BE WHAT WE ARE."
THE UNITED STATES, AS I MENTIONED NEAR THE BEGINNING, HAS NO DESIRE
S
TO DOMINATE AFFAIRS IN THE SOUTH PACIFIC OR ELSEWHERE, WE ARE A
njo3=2e
PACIFIC POWER AND WE'LL REMAIN A PACIFIC POWER, BUT OUR GREATEST
0
STRENGTH LIES NOT IN AIRCRAFT CARRIERS AND SUBMARINES, BUT IN OUR
FRIENDSHIPS, ENDURING FRIENDSHIPS WITH COUNTRIES SUCH AS AUSTRALIA.
WE'LL CONTINUE TO LOOK TOWARD AUSTRALIA FOR COUNSEL AND COMPANIONSHIP,
P
AS WE HAVE IN THE PAST. IF THAT DOESN'T MAKE FOR BANNER HEADLINES,
IT'S STILL A BIG STORY. AND A GOOD ONE.
######
LBT in Australia
[54I]
Oct.
20
Public Papers of the Presidents
54I Remarks Upon Arrival at the RAAF Fairbairn Airport, Canberra,
rides with hunger, diseas
Australia. October 20, 1966
It is the only vision that is
man's destiny.
Your Excellency the Governor General and
if you and the leader of the opposition will
We shall be guided by
Lady Casey, Mr. Prime Minister and Mrs.
join, I want to thank both of you for that
meet and chart our course
Holt, Mr. Deputy Prime Minister and Mrs.
beautiful Texas sunset and for that wonder-
I am very grateful tha
McEwen, Sir Alister and Lady McMullin,
ful American rainbow that I saw as I came
Australian and American
Sir John and Lady McLeay, Mr. Chief Jus-
in.
their hands and their shou
tice and Lady Barwick, Your Excellencies,
When I came here a quarter of a century
to the same task. I am
Members of the Cabinet and the Parliament,
ago, the people of Australia were engaged
understanding that yo
ladies and gentlemen:
in a struggle to preserve freedom, a strug-
Prime Minister and other
The Vice President told me about how the
gle to protect their homes, a struggle to ad-
have shown for America's
good people of this land took him into their
vance the cause of peace for all men.
I feel tonight-as I did
hearts when he recently visited you. My
The Japanese were just 35 miles across
fidence that comes from
mouth has been watering ever since because
the Owen-Stanley Range and they were
port of a united people i:
I wanted to be where he was. Now, to-
coming in your direction. Then as tonight,
must know that we recipr
night, I feel that I have returned to my sec-
Australian sons were fighting side by side
in the fullest possible mea
ond home. When I first came here a quar-
with ours. Their gallantry then in Egypt, in
Together, as we have al
ter of a century ago, I thought that I had not
Italy, in the South Pacific, inspired us to
that we shall succeed. N
left home at all, so much did your plains,
believe that our cause of right would one
to meeting with your {
your hills, and your bush country, your cat-
day prevail. Their gallantry tonight in Viet-
again.
tlemen, your cattle, and your sheep remind
nam is one reason for the faith that we all
I am particularly glad
me of my native land of Texas.
have that aggression there will not succeed.
is with me. In 1942 she 1
I soon learned that the real similarities
I came to Australia in 1942 on a mission
ington-when I put on th
between us are far deeper and far more
of war. Now, more than 24 years later, I
my congressional office in
meaningful than those landscapes and live-
return tonight on a mission of hope. I
resentatives. I have been
stock. The real equation was human.
cannot say that miracles will occur at Manila.
authority that it never
Here in Australia was the same openness,
I carry no magic wand. The hard work of
efficiency before or sinc
the same virility, the same self-confidence,
securing the peace is never done by miracles.
have even suggested that
the same generosity of spirit that I had
I cannot say that the hunger and injustice
treasured in my own country.
of the past will be ended by a declaration of
I am honored beyond measure tonight,
seven nations in Manila. Years must pass,
542 Remarks at tl
upon my arrival, to see the cream and flower
years of dedication and patient effort, before
October 21, I!
of your young manhood, who have rendered
men can make the kind of just society of
such gallant and distinguished service in
Mr. Prime Minister an.
which they dream.
Vietnam, come here to meet me. Because
Yet there is new hope, a new vision, in
Deputy Prime Minister,
as I look upon that uniform with that hat
this vast area of the world. Nations are
Majesty's Opposition, Mr
turned to the side, it represents to me the
Calwell, Sir John and 1
joining together not only to resist aggression
highest degree of patriotism, the greatest
and to prove that might does not make
Chief Justice and Lady
amount of courage, and the kind of a neigh-
cellencies, Premiers of S
right, but to make a decent life possible for
bor that America always wants to have.
all of their people. Their vision is of free-
Parliament, ladies and g
Mr. Prime Minister, I don't know what
As I sat here and was
dom-freedom from foreign domination,
you are claiming credit for these days, but
freedom from tyranny, from the despair that
the Right Honorable P:
Deputy Prime Minister,
1238
Lyndon B. Johnson, 1966
Oct. 2I [542]
rides with hunger, disease, and ignorance.
same arrangements now-that it might
It is the only vision that is really worthy of
prove equally beneficial to my constituents
man's destiny.
in America and to our allies in the world.
We shall be guided by that vision as we
But Mrs. Johnson insisted on finding out
meet and chart our course at Manila.
for herself whether all that I have been
that
I am very grateful that once again the
talking about for 24 years is really true in
wonder-
Australian and American people have put
Australia.
I
came
their hands and their shoulders side by side
So, Mr. Prime Minister, and to those loyal
to the same task. I am grateful for the
guests who came here in this chilly atmos-
of $ century
understanding that your distinguished
phere, we are happy and excited to be with
were
engaged
Prime Minister and other Australian leaders
you. I have never looked forward to any 2
freedom, a strug-
have shown for America's role in the Pacific.
days in my life with more pleasurable
& a struggle to ad-
I feel tonight-as I did in 1942-the con-
anticipation. As I come to this new area
for all men.
fidence that comes from the steadfast sup-
of the world, this Pacific area that is
st 35 miles across
port of a united people in Australia. You
now in a goldfish bowl, in the spotlight,
e and they were
Then as tonight,
must know that we reciprocate that support
where people who look to the future are
in the fullest possible measure.
looking across the Pacific, I know that my
hting side by side
Together, as we have always been, I know
faith and my confidence in the leadership
y then in Egypt, in
that we shall succeed. Now I look forward
that Australia is going to give to the world
ric, inspired us to
¿ right would one
to meeting with your great people once
of tomorrow is going to be rewarded.
try tonight in Viet-
again.
Thank you and good night.
e faith that we all
I am particularly glad that Mrs. Johnson
NOTE: The President spoke at 6:25 p.m. at the
is with me. In 1942 she remained in Wash-
RAAF Fairbairn Airport, Canberra, Australia. In
e will not succeed.
1942 on a mission
ington-when I put on the uniform-to run
his opening words he referred to the following offi-
cials and their wives: Richard G. Baron Casey, Gov-
n 24 years later, I
my congressional office in the House of Rep-
ernor General of Australia, Harold E. Holt, Prime
assion of hope. I
resentatives. I have been told on very high
Minister of Australia, John McEwen, Deputy Prime
ill occur at Manila.
authority that it never ran with greater
Minister, Sir Alister M. McMullin, President of the
Senate, Sir John McLeay, Speaker of the House of
The hard work of
efficiency before or since. Several people
Representatives, and Sir Garfield E. J. Barwick, Chief
r done by miracles.
have even suggested that we might try the
Justice of the High Court.
unger and injustice
by a declaration of
Years must pass,
542 Remarks at the Parliamentary Luncheon, Canberra, Australia.
atient effort, before
October 21, 1966
of just society of
Mr. Prime Minister and Mrs. Holt, Mr.
Her Majesty's opposition, I deeply wished
Deputy Prime Minister, the Leader of Her
that my parents were alive to hear what they
; a new vision, in
Majesty's Opposition, Mr. Calwell and Mrs.
had said about me. First, my father would
orld. Nations are
Calwell, Sir John and Lady McLeay, Mr.
have enjoyed hearing it, and my mother
to resist aggression
Chief Justice and Lady Barwick, Your Ex-
would have believed it.
at does not make
cellencies, Premiers of States, Members of
Mr. Prime Minister, I would like to say
ent life possible for
Parliament, ladies and gentlemen:
to you and the parliamentarians who honor
ir vision is of free-
As I sat here and was privileged to hear
us here today that this is a most unique
oreign domination,
the Right Honorable Prime Minister, the
occasion. But the truth of the business is,
om the despair that
Deputy Prime Minister, and the leader of
our Congress has me for lunch every day.
1239
[542] Oct. 2I
Public Papers of the Presidents
I have so many memories of Australia.
-From the way that we are all involved
son that is (
There was a sign I remember over a tavern
in historic changes, which are reshap-
stand. We
yonder in Melbourne which read: "U.S.
ing the political life of the planet.
because we
Colonels Under 21 Will Not Be Served Un-
I am speaking of the change from the
we should
less Accompanied By Parents."
colonial era to an era when scores of new na-
Of cours
And there are other memories of this great
tions claim rights, claim recognition, and
proper rega
country that I recall so well.
claim identity; the change from old to mod-
fare. But
Like every other man who is separated
ern societies, which can bring to their peo-
has come b
from his homeland in time of war, I was in
ples the advantages of modern science and
believe that
need of friends. Here in your Australia I
modern technology; the change throughout
help the W
was treated as if I were in the house of my
the world from dependence upon large pow-
believe that
own family. Australia became my second
ers to partnership in the affairs of the planet;
help the P
home.
and change, still tentative but stubbornly
nations, no
As a Texan, I feel that this land of vast
tenacious, from a dangerous cold war to a
young, shc
spaces, of farms, ranches, of sheep and cattle,
more stable and peaceful world.
others.
of booming cities and of dynamic industrial
Since 1945 the United States has been
We ha
growth, is my own.
found wherever freedom was under attack,
efforts to t
As an American, I am struck by how
or wherever peace was threatened. The
world don
much we have in common. I see that
stage has shifted from time to time. The
conviction
wherever I turn-from your lively demo-
stakes have grown as man's capacity for
demand th
cratic politics, to your devotion to education,
destruction increased.
that we c
to your interest in the exploration of space,
But America's role has not changed.
world in :
to the robust expansion of your society, and
With constancy, we have pursued the de-
On con
to your intelligent interest in relations with
fense of freedom and we have prevented
countries,
other nations.
nuclear destruction. We have patiently
struggle to
The foundations of the friendship between
labored to build a world order in which both
more that
our two nations are deep, and they are
peace and freedom can flourish.
have less
increasing.
My countrymen have lived so long with
and shelt
In the 3 years as President that I shall
crises and danger that we accept, almost as
medicine,
finish on November 23d, former Prime
if it were inevitable, the assumption of
age Aust
Minister Menzies visited me in Washington
American concern-concern for the disor-
cigarettes
three times. Prime Minister Holt also came
ders that threaten the peace in all other parts
the name
three times. Yes, we live at a time when
of the world.
sanitation
foreign affairs go beyond their traditional
We accepted this responsibility, first, be-
Their
scope. There are now strong new ties in
cause at one time there was no other nation
doctors,
the domestic life of our countries.
who could do it. For the last 20 years, only
pect to li-
These new ties come:
under the shadow of our strength could our
mark the
-From modern communications, which
good friends keep their freedom.
cycle of I
bring instantly to the homes of citizens
Second, we have learned, at very painful
The P
of every country the news of events
costs, that aggression and upheaval in any
countries
from around the world;
part of the world carry the seeds of destruc-
In the U
-From modern weapons, which make
tion to free men in all parts of the world.
which at
the threat of war anywhere a life-and-
Finally, since the end of World War II,
less that
death issue for every nation;
we have assumed this responsibility for a rea-
continue
1240
Lyndon B. Johnson, 1966
Oct. 2I [542]
involved
son that is often difficult for others to under-
These are no new conditions. Poverty,
reshap-
stand. We have accepted responsibility
hunger, and disease are all as old as man
because we have believed it to be right that
linet.
himself. But in our time and in this age
from the
we should do so.
there has been a change. And there is more
of new na-
Of course, our policies are shaped with a
in the offing.
ition, and
proper regard for our security and our wel-
The change is not so much in the realities
d to mod-
fare. But much of the energy of our efforts
of life as in the expectations of the future.
their peo-
has come because we believe it is right-we
An association of the hopeful has emerged,
ience and
believe that it is right that the strong should
and it will be heard.
roughout
help the weak defend their freedom. We
The shrinking of distances and the spread-
arge pow-
believe that it is right that the wealthy should
ing of knowledge has made us more aware
he planet;
help the poor overcome their hunger; that
of other human beings. And it has made
tubbornly
nations, no matter how small or fragile, or
them aware of what, too, is within their
war to a
young, should be free from the coercion of
reach.
others.
They know that the conditions their fa-
has been
We have steadily resisted Communist
thers accepted with resignation are no longer
T attack,
efforts to bring about by force and intrigue a
inevitable.
he
d. The
world dominated by a single ideology. Our
They know that depression and despair
le. The
convictions, our interests, our life as a nation
are not what their Creator ordained.
in
acity for
demand that we oppose, with all the strength
And because they know, they yearn.
n
that we can muster, any effort to put this
They yearn for their families to live decent
ed.
world in anyone's straitjacket.
lives. They yearn for jobs to give them
hi
the de-
On continent after continent, in dozens of
survival, and, beyond survival, to give them
Ri
evented
countries, hundreds of millions of people
dignity. They yearn for their children to
o
patiently
struggle today to exist on incomes of scarcely
learn to read and to write. They yearn
in
ich both
more than a dollar a week. Many people
for their hungry to be fed, and their sick to
have less to spend each day on their food
be healed.
ok
g with
and shelter, on their clothing and on their
They yearn to arrive.
;k
most as
medicine, on all of their needs, than the aver-
So we must deal today with these urgent
tion of
age Australian spends for a package of
drives, the drive for security, the drive for
disor-
cigarettes. They live in shacks hardly worth
the defense of freedom, for the preservation
d
:r parts
the name. They live without heat, water,
of independence; the drive for satisfaction,
sanitation, and promise.
for self-respect, and for equality of justice
rst, be-
Their children know no schools, few
and opportunity.
nation
doctors, no hospitals. They can rarely ex-
I use "we" deliberately. In the early post-
ies
s, only
pect to live to be 40 years of age. And they
war years, the indispensable strength was
ild our
mark those years with the weary and ancient
America's. Now other nations have also
cycle of both misery and monotony.
gathered strength, and it has now become
ho
ainful
The per capita product of the developed
possible to share the burdens of defense more
the
in any
countries today is in excess of $2,000 per year.
evenly.
ou
estruc-
In the underdeveloped countries, many of
That is what is happening today in Viet-
fon
1d.
which are in the area of which we speak, it is
nam, where the demands of security and
ar II,
less than one-tenth of that. And the gap
the urge for satisfaction mingle in a single
continues to widen.
crucible.
a rea-
th
no
74-767-87-Vol. II-39
1241
or
if t
spic
alre
ic.
[542]
Oct.
2I
Public Papers of the Presidents
There our men stand together-as they
tant, new in its aspirations. For free Asia
most dangerous Comr
have stood before-to check aggression.
is in the hands of a generation of leaders un-
We have seen nine ]
And there they serve together-as they have
fettered by the past and unafraid of the
ing Australia, come t
served before-to help build and preserve
future. They are men who would agree
initiative to form th
and protect freedom. The raw conflict of
with Thomas Paine, the American patriot,
Council.
one, and the elusive attainments of the other,
who said in the time of our own country's
We have seen Asiar
make their duty more difficult-and make
great Revolution, to which the opposition
regional future in ex
it more essential.
leader so eloquently referred, "If there must
in education, and in a
I would like for every Aussie who stands
be trouble, let it be in my day, that my child
We have seen three
there in the rice paddies on this warm sum-
may have peace."
Asia-Thailand, the
mer day to know that every American and
Yes, I think these men are conscious that
Malaysia-take the in
LBJ is with Australia all the way.
he serves his nation who understands his
searching for peace in
I can speak for all Americans, more than
times. They know that a national spirit
We have seen 3I n
a quarter of a million of them who are there,
comes first, but they know, too, that national-
the creation most rece
when I say that they know that every Aus-
ism is not enough. And they are chal-
velopment Bank, whi
tralian standing by their side and back here
lenged by the task of leading their people
the Lower Mekong Ri
at home will stand with courage and will
beyond the first steps of political independ-
forward in the face O:
stand with honor.
ence. They are caught up in the work of
This sense of comm
I believe there is a light at the end of
winning their freedom now from the oppres-
all along the arc of
what has been a long and lonely tunnel.
sion of hunger, illiteracy, and disease, and
have come from Tok
I say this not just because our men are prov-
stiffing poverty.
Manila, from Bangk
ing successful on yonder battlefield. I be-
The role of these new leaders is that of
pur, from Singapore-
lieve it for this reason: There is a widening
the statesmen who follow the revolutionary
in Canberra.
community of people who are beginning to
and of the settler who comes after the
We in the United
feel responsible for what is happening in
pioneer.
the friends of those wh
Vietnam.
There is in history a time for each. And
unity in Western Eur
Of all the signs, this is the brightest. For
to each, posterity will owe an equal debt.
integration in Latin
the unilateral use of power is out of date in
They believe in the wisdom of the Chinese
stronger regional ties
an age where there can be no losers in peace
philosopher who more than 2,000 years ago
tions of Africa.
and where there can be no victors in war.
had this to say:
We shall also be th
And the unilateral reach of compassion is
of those in Asia who
limited. What is required-and what we
"Of a great leader, who talks little,
are seeing emerging in Vietnam and
When his work is done, his aim fulfilled,
now, to work togethe
throughout all of Asia-is a concert of effort
They will all say
destiny. From you
on the part of diverse nations that know
'We did this ourselves!"
and leadership. From
tion.
that they must work together.
And so free Asia has. And the great
There of course wi
This is the Asia to which I journey.
story of the past year is their story. While
diversity, but from the
From multiple creeds and cultures, from
the people of South Vietnam and their allies
progress that does no
many races and tongues, is coming an in-
have now begun to turn the tide of battle
surrender of any of ou
creased momentum of partnership.
against aggression, we have seen Japan and
The challenge of t
This is an Asia that is ancient in its
we have seen Korea establish normal rela-
Australia at a conspic
philosophies, its learning and its cultures.
tions, with the promise of closer cooperation.
tory. You have alre
Ancient, yes, but it is new in its leadership,
We have seen most recently Indonesia pull
commitment is a
new in its achievements, and, most impor-
back from economic collapse and from a
action-not rhetoric.
1242
Lyndon B. Johnson, 1966
Oct. 2I [542]
Asia
most dangerous Communist threat.
When your Prime Minister symbolically
un-
We have seen nine Pacific nations, includ-
said in Washington, in speaking of the crisis
of the
ing Australia, come together on their own
that faced our men on a faraway battlefront
and agree
initiative to form the Asian and Pacific
at the moment, that he would go all the way
patriot,
Council.
with LBJ, there wasn't a single American
country's
We have seen Asians gathering to map a
that felt that was new information.
opposition
regional future in economic development,
There is not a boy who wears the uniform
there must
in education, and in agriculture.
yonder today who hasn't always known that
my child
We have seen three nations of Southeast
when freedom is at stake, and when honor-
Asia-Thailand, the Philippines, and
able men stand in battle shoulder to shoul-
cious that
Malaysia-take the initiative in seeking and
der, that Australians will go all the way, as
stands his
searching for peace in their own region.
Americans will go all the way, not a third
nal spirit
We have seen 3I nations participating in
of the way, not part of the way, not three-
t national-
the creation most recently of the Asian De-
fourths of the way-but all the way, until
are chal-
velopment Bank, while the development of
liberty and freedom have won.
ir people
the Lower Mekong River Basin goes steadily
Your nation and its leaders can take great
independ-
forward in the face of conflict.
pride in playing a leading role in the Co-
work of
This sense of common destiny is growing
lombo plan.
e oppres-
all along the arc of free Asia. Initiatives
You have brought tens of thousands of
lease, and
have come from Tokyo, from Seoul, from
Asian students here to your homes, as I came
Manila, from Bangkok, from Kuala Lum-
once-and I shall never forget it-and to
is that of
pur, from Singapore-as well as from here
your universities.
lutionary
in Canberra.
You have contributed beyond compare,
after the
We in the United States have long been
most generously and patiently, to the plan-
the friends of those who have worked toward
ning of the future of the Mekong Valley.
ch. And
unity in Western Europe, toward economic
You have been among the early leaders in
ual debt.
integration in Latin America, and toward
creating the Asian Development Bank.
e Chinese
stronger regional ties among the young na-
You have joined eight other nations who,
years ago
tions of Africa.
on their own initiative, have formed the
We shall also be the friends and partners
Asian and Pacific Council.
de,
of those in Asia who want, and are willing
It is only right-right, as I said earlier in
fulfilled,
now, to work together to fashion their own
my remarks-that Australia become a strong
destiny. From you must come initiative
partner in providing the new leadership in
and leadership. From us will come coopera-
the new Asia. Nature gave you good land
tion.
and it gave you rich natural resources.
he great
There of course will be growing pains of
Your vigorous people have made a good life
While
diversity, but from them will emerge mutual
for themselves and for their children. Your
eir allies
progress that does not ask of any of us the
industry has expanded rapidly in the last
of battle
surrender of any of our most vital principles.
two decades.
apan and
The challenge of the new Asia comes to
Your insight into Asia, your geographic
mal rela-
Australia at a conspicuous time in your his-
position, the great integrity of all of your
peration.
tory. You have already shown that your
people, have brought you to the edge of the
hesia pull
commitment is a matter of policy and
Pacific era-the era of infinite possibilities.
from a
action-not rhetoric.
And those of us in America who look west-
1243
[542] Oct. 2I
Public Papers of the Presidents
and those in Asia who look east-will find
Then, and now, I pledge that we are ready
here in Australia the ideal crossroads.
ing year fo
and willing to serve as your partners in
Our two
A quarter of a century ago, the end of
Asia-until what we can achieve in our time
mon. Our
colonialism was the dream that beckoned
is what we have achieved in our time.
that I feel-
Asia onward. With foreign rule ended, it
The man who, a quarter of a century ago,
in Melbouri
seemed that all the blessings of a better life
sent me here to Australia-Franklin Delano
left home.
would surely come-and come quickly.
Roosevelt-once prophesied that "one day
I know, I think, something of how they
But you
a generation may possess this land, blessed
tion here t]
must feel today.
beyond anything we now know, blessed with
home. Te:
Long ago, as a young man in my native
those things-material and spiritual-that
State of Texas, in the years of the great de-
everything-
make man's life abundant. If that is the
pression, I found my mission: to use the
I appreci
fashion of your dreaming, then I say: Hold
time allotted to me and the full measure of
ister's gene
fast to your dream. America needs it."
all the energy I could muster, to help man
tions to my
Well, this afternoon I would amend his
ment with
make the most of life; to try to do the greatest
vision somewhat. For Franklin Roosevelt
would like
good for the greatest number.
did not belong to America; he belonged to
As a teacher, as a Congressman, as a
say-and I
the world. And so does his faith in what
here on the
Senator, as a Vice President, and now as
lies ahead.
both outma
President of my country-I have had the
I would say, therefore, to the people of the
Our nati
chance to follow that mission and to try to
Pacific and to the people of Asia: "If that is
do those things of which I once, as a boy
apart. But
the fashion of your dreaming, then I say:
faith in th
back in that hill ranch country, could only
Hold fast to your dream. The world
dream.
Australia
needs it."
But my work is not done. I have come to
newcomers
And the world needs Australia at this
Australia to warn you: nor is yours. We
our border
critical hour, all the way.
ambition.
cannot tire of sacrifice until peace comes to
Vietnam. We cannot talk of satisfaction
NOTE: The President spoke at 2:01 p.m. at Parlia-
of a free e
ment House in Canberra, Australia. In his opening
until all the people of Vietnam have a chance
words he referred to Harold E. Holt, Prime Minister
policy to 1
to share in the promise that is unfolding here
of Australia, and his wife, John McEwen, Deputy
human bei
in the Pacific and throughout Asia.
Prime Minister, Arthur A. Calwell, Leader of the
The rest
Australian Labour Party, and his wife, Sir John
I genuinely and I earnestly believe that
McLeay, Speaker of the House of Representatives,
Your living
that day is on the way, and that day will
and his wife, and Sir Garfield E. J. Barwick, Chief
to be foun
Justice of the High Court, and his wife. Later he
riches are .
soon come.
referred to, among others, Sir Robert G. Menzies,
former Prime Minister of Australia.
your people
In Ame:
poverty. ]
543 Remarks at a Reception at Government House, Melbourne,
almost unl
Australia. October 21, I966
In Amer
Mr. Prime Minister and Mrs. Holt, Mr.
pride, a D
I have so much in my heart that I would
Premier and Lady Bolte, Sir Edmund and
percentage
like to tell you that I don't trust myself. I
own home
Dame Mary, Mr. Chief Justice and Lady
need not convey to you the admiration and
makes the
Winneke, Lord Mayor and Mrs. Beaure-
affection that I have for the Australian people
checks.
paire, Your Excellencies, ladies and gentle-
born in the grim days of World War II and
In Amer
men:
increased and strengthened with each pass-
approachir
1244
Lyndon B. Johnson, 1966
Oct. 2I
[543]
ing year for a quarter of a century.
tralia has had full employment since 3 years
dy
in
Our two countries have so much in com-
before I came here in 1942-at least 28 years.
time
mon. Our two peoples are so much alike
My country still has much to learn from
that I feel-except for your reception here
Australia, and about Australians. But we
rury ago,
in Melbourne today-as though I have never
have learned this much:
4th Delano
left home.
-We know your agricultural technology
and
"one day
But you gave me something in the recep-
deserves its worldwide acclaim. By
land, blessed
tion here that they could never give me at
progressive soil enrichment and pest
blessed with
home. Texans have the biggest of nearly
control, you are achieving remarkable
iritual-that
everything-except receptions.
productivity and you really serve as a
that is the
I appreciate very much the Prime Min-
model for the rest of the world.
I say: Hold
ister's generous reference and kind atten-
-We know that your achievements on the
needs it."
tions to my wife. I am heartily in agree-
land have been matched in your thriv-
I amend his
ment with everything he said about her. I
ing factories. While your exports are
in Roosevelt
would like to add one thing that he didn't
still primarily agricultural, more Aus-
belonged to
say-and I know that all of you who are
tralians work in industry than work in
ith in what
here on the ground will agree with me: we
agriculture.
both outmarried ourselves.
-We know that the future of your indus-
people of the
Our nations are, geographically, a world
trial development is bright beyond
1: "If that is
apart. But our roots and our goals, our
compare. You are looking forward to
then I say:
faith in the future, are one and the same.
doubling your mineral exports in 5
The world
Australia, like America, is a nation of
years. I think if I don't get Ed Clark
newcomers. We have both thrown open
out of here, you may double them in 3
alia at this
our borders to new talent, to enterprise, to
years. Every time I try to increase our
ambition. We have applied the dynamics
own production and I send for the head
.m. at Parlia-
of a free economy and a progressive social
man, I'm told, "He is visiting Ambas-
n his opening
policy to the building of a better life for
sador Clark in Australia." So, you are
'rime Minister
Ewen, Deputy
human beings.
looking forward to doubling your min-
Leader of the
The results in Australia are quite plain.
eral exports in 5 years and you will
ife, Sir John
Your living standards are among the highest
triple them in IO years.
epresentatives,
to be found anywhere in the world. Your
-We know that what you are doing to
arwick, Chief
ife. Later he
riches are widely shared and divided among
fulfill Australia's promise requires a
G. Menzies,
your people.
great deal of private initiative, wise
In America we still fight a war against
public policy, a rapid growth of domes-
poverty. Here, poverty and slums are
tic saving, and continued attraction of
ne,
almost unknown.
capital from abroad.
In America we call ourselves, with great
I am proud that more and more Ameri-
pride, a nation of homeowners. But the
cans are joining Australians in a creative
nat I would
percentage of Australians who own their
economic partnership that is building the
myself. I
own homes is much higher than ours and
even better Australia of tomorrow.
iration and
makes the blush of shame come to my
You are in a goldfish bowl. You are the
alian people
cheeks.
envy of many nations of the world. You
War II and
In America we congratulate ourselves on
have just begun to move. You have just
each pass-
approaching full employment. But Aus-
begun to grow.
1245
[543]
Oct.
21
Public Papers of the Presidents
This common task challenges us both.
I am reminded of the time when I went
gressors prow
The future of your nation offers unlimited
to a neighbor's house to ask a lady if her
again.
opportunity. Vast Australia is still largely
little boy could go home and spend the week-
Their aggr
untapped, its enormous wealth is waiting
end with me. He had a brother who was
I would rem
to be converted to enrich the lives of its
a rather fat little boy. He weighed about
Melbourne th
people-the only just use that can ever be
200 and he was about 14 years old. We
is time for yo
made of the resources of our earth.
called him "Bones." He was very properly
decide how
So this is the challenge that my country
nicknamed "Bones."
freedom meal
knows well, a challenge that we, like you,
When I insisted to the mother that she let
ing to pay fo
are still trying to meet. It is a challenge
my friend go home with me-he talked
If you wan
that we today are ready and eager to join you
about his little brother. Finally the mother
with a fan an
in meeting.
said no, he couldn't. He thought that was
go by," you V
Let us dedicate ourselves tonight not only
unjust. He looked up to his mother and
freedom long
to building a better Australia, but in build-
said, "Mama, why can't I go home and spend
an aggressor
ing with you a better world.
the night with Lyndon?" He said, "Bones
cherish it, th
As we meet here in such a spirit of hap-
has done been two wheres and I haven't been
and die for i
piness, there are so many things to be
anywheres!"
you are the
thankful for.
Well, we have been two wheres several
So tonight
We love peace. We hate war. No one
times. In the places we have been, the
a million of
wants to die. Everybody wants to live.
Australians have been by our side. So I
and their b
We are doing everything that we know to
have spent 2 very delightful days, a part of
treasure to t
have peace in the world. But it is not a
yesterday, last evening, and today, with your
month to go
one-way street, you can't make a contract by
honored and distinguished Prime Minister.
to help that
yourself.
I have been President 3 years. During that
try to have
You can't go to a conference and sign a
3 years' time I have received Prime Minister
without hav
treaty that is unilateral if you are the only
Menzies in the Capital in Washington 3
do not want
one present. Unless and until those am-
times. I have received Prime Minister Holt
Tonight t
bitious, selfish men recognize and realize
in the Capital 3 times. We have exchanged
by their side
this, we must constantly bear this in mind:
viewpoints and we continue to give each
way, but all
that aggression doesn't pay, that might
our very best judgments.
blood, becau
doesn't make right, that power cannot go
But we need the counsel of each other in
their tails a
unchecked in the 20th century.
these critical times. We need each of you
to surrende
Until they realize that they cannot win, all
to think about your future and what kind
They are
this talk about peace will be unilateral.
of a world you want to live in. You can't
aggression
When they do recognize that they can't win,
have that kind of a world just by wishing
world war
that there is nothing to be gained by destroy-
for it. America didn't come into existence
We wish
ing their own sons and their own land—
just because somebody wished it would. It
were not SO
and a good many of ours-when they do
came into existence because men, good and
could tran
recognize that, then they may be willing,
true, faithful, loyal and fearless, were willing
moment to
in terms of the Prophet Isaiah, to come and
to stand up and fight for freedom and fight
do it by 01
let us reason together.
for liberty and put that at the highest priority.
vince these
America knows its responsibility. It goes
As the aggressor marched in the low
tion and W
where it has responsibility. We have an-
countries in the late 1930's, and ultimately
the will an
swered many rollcalls across many oceans.
wound up in World War II, there are ag-
1246
Lyndon B. Johnson, 1966
Oct. 2I [543]
gressors prowling tonight, on the march
people, they are not going to come to their
again.
senses.
Their aggression shall not succeed. But
But so far as my country is concerned,
was
I would remind you it is much closer to
don't be misled as the Kaiser was or as Hitler
about
Melbourne than it is to San Francisco. It
was, by a few irrelevant speeches. We don't
We
is time for you to stop, look, and listen, and
fight with bayonets or swords. We don't
properly
decide how much your liberty and your
even throw Molotov cocktails at each other
freedom mean to you and what you are will-
in America. They may chew off an ear and
iat she let
ing to pay for it.
they may knock out a tooth, they may take
he talked
If you want to sit back in a rocking chair
your necktie or your pocketbooks, but when
e mother
with a fan and say, "Let the rest of the world
they call the roll on the defense appropriation
that was
go by," you won't have that liberty and that
bill to support our men at the front, it will
ther and
freedom long. Because when a dictator or
be carried 87 to nothing in the Senate.
ad spend
an aggressor recognizes that you don't
So don't misjudge our speeches in the
,
"Bones
cherish it, that you are not willing to fight
Senate. And I would warn all would-be
en't been
and die for it, that you are a pushover, then
aggressors who think they can march and
you are the number one objective.
get away with it, they must not misjudge
several
So tonight the American boys, almost half
them either.
en, the
a million of them, have left their families
Finally, I would say this: In 3 years in
So I
and their homes. They have taken our
office I have seen your previous Prime
part of
treasure to the extent of about $2 billion a
Minister 3 times and your present Prime
:th your
month to go to the rice paddies of Vietnam
Minister 3 times. And I have just asked
Minister.
to help that little nation of 13 or 14 million
your indulgence once.
ing that
try to have the right of self-determination
But I have wanted to come back to Aus-
Minister
without having a form of government they
tralia since I left here 25 years ago and here
gton 3
do not want imposed upon them.
I am. And I am happy and I am enjoying
er Holt
Tonight those brave Aussie lads are there
it. I liked it then and I like it better now.
hanged
by their side, not half way, not a third of the
I must admit I am traveling in a little
e each
way, but all the way, to the last drop of their
different manner and in a little different
blood, because they are never going to tuck
company. That does make it nice.
ther in
their tails and run. They are never going
But your Prime Minister said on the steps
of you
to surrender.
of the White House as if he were speaking
it kind
They are going to stay there until this
to the American boys, with more than 100 of
1 can't
aggression is checked before it blooms into
them dying every week, that while Australia
rishing
world war III.
did not equal our population or our resources
istence
We wish it were not so. But wishing it
that there is no nation in the world that ex-
Id. It
were not so doesn't make it so. We wish we
ceeded the Australians in courage, patriot-
od and
could transfer it from the battlefield this
ism, and loyalty. When they took their
villing
moment to the conference table, but we can't
stance by your side you didn't get a crick in
1 fight
do it by ourselves. And until we can con-
your neck looking around to see if they
ciority.
vince these people that we have the resolu-
were coming. I found that out 25 years ago
e low
tion and we have the determination, we have
in New Guinea.
nately
the will and we have the support of our own
They may be ahead of you, but they will
re ag-
I247
[543]
Oct.
2I
Public Papers of the Presidents
NOTE: The Presi
never be behind you-and they will always
die-their leaders ought to get around the
Airport, Sydney.
he referred to th
be by the side of you.
table and get the best thinking of the best
Harold E. Holt
So the Prime Minister made the observa-
men those nations can send.
tion that they would be with us all the way.
So I want to thank you for your great wel-
He didn't need to say that. I knew that.
come, for your delightful 2 days. I have
545
Rem
The boys that had served with them knew
benefited tremendously from meeting with
Aust
that. But some of the newcomers that were
your Cabinet and with your leaders. I
fresh may not have known it.
would be too sentimental if I told you just
Mr. Prime 1
But he said, "LBJ, our men are in Viet-
exactly how I feel about the Australian peo-
Premier and
nam and we are there and we are with you
ple, but I think most of you had rather just
and Mrs. He
all the way to check this aggression before it
judge that for yourselves and let me quit
Eminence (
flops over and moves on down."
talking.
Archbishop 1
We are going to Manila to try to find the
Thank you very much.
and gentleme
formula for peace, to try to review our mili-
I did com
NOTE: The President spoke at 7:10 p.m. at Govern-
tary operations, to try to bring that country
ment House, Melbourne, Australia. In his open-
when the P1
closer to representative government, to try
ing words he referred to the following officials and
spoke to you.
to exchange views with the leaders of seven
their wives: Harold E. Holt, Prime Minister of Aus-
First, I "
tralia, Sir Henry E. Bolte, Premier and Treasurer of
countries who love liberty and who love
the State of Victoria, Sir Edmund F. Herring, Lt.
were not in
freedom.
Governor of Victoria, Sir Henry Winneke, Chief
sponsorship
We don't expect any magic wonders; we
Justice of Victoria, and Councillor I. F. Beaurepaire,
I was concer
Lord Mayor of Melbourne. Later he referred to
don't expect any miracles. But we do think
Edward Clark, U.S. Ambassador to Australia, and
agreed, I m
that each nation who has men committed to
Sir Robert G. Menzies, former Prime Minister of
And I also
Australia.
ister's comn
have an elec
544 Remarks Upon Arrival at Mascot Airport, Sydney, Australia.
before long
nize that t
October 22, 1966
pletely obli
Mr. Prime Minister and Mrs. Holt, Your
nice welcome sign, your large group of en-
Prime Min
Excellency the Governor of New South
thusiastic friends who have come here to
to the poin
Wales and Lady Cutler, Mr. Premier and
extend their hospitality, the beautiful signs
in an electi
Mrs. Askin, Your Excellencies, ladies and
and flags.
are in fo
gentlemen, boys and girls:
I just want to say this: If Ambassador
normally h
There is an old song in the United States
Clark ever resigns as our Ambassador to
In Amer
which says "there's no place like home."
Australia-and he is so happy here I don't
have heard
Well, I want to change that. There's no
think he ever will-I believe now that the
"American
place like home unless it is Australia.
first applicant for the job is going to be
I can o
You have treated us as if we belong here.
Lyndon Baines Johnson!
scribed her
And I think we really do.
On behalf of Mrs. Johnson and myself,
I believe
We will have to leave tomorrow, but our
and my fellow countrymen, we thank you
are talking
hearts will remain here-here with the peo-
for your graciousness and for your generous
nations.
ple of Australia.
attitude that brought you here to make us
notion the
I want to tell you what a beautiful sight
feel at home this morning.
markets as
the Sydney airport is from my plane: your
Thank you very much.
that you
74
1248
Lyndon B. Johnson, 1966
Oct. 22 [545]
NOTE: The President spoke at II:14 a.m. at Mascot
Arthur R. Cutler, Governor of New South Wales,
Airport, Sydney, Australia. In his opening words
and Robin W. Askin, Premier and Treasurer of New
he referred to the following officials and their wives:
South Wales. Later he referred to Edward Clark,
Harold E. Holt, Prime Minister of Australia, Sir
U.S. Ambassador to Australia.
Love
545 Remarks at the Art Gallery of New South Wales, Sydney,
with
Australia. October 22, 1966
I
you just
Mr. Prime Minister and Mrs. Holt, Mr.
tralia stands only for kangaroos and "Waltz-
lian peo-
Premier and Mrs. Askin, Mr. Chief Justice
ing Matilda."
ther just
and Mrs. Herron, Ministers of State, Your
If America and Australia are alike-in
me quit
Eminence Cardinal Gilroy, Your Grace
what way are we alike?
Archbishop Loane, Your Excellencies, ladies
Our lands are vast. Our people are
and gentlemen:
drawn from many countries. Our histories
Govern-
I did come to listen, and I heard a lot
are young. Our governments are free.
is open-
when the Prime Minister and the Premier
Our people bubble with energy, occasionally
cials and
spoke to you.
to a fault. We have reached a level of
: of Aus-
asurer of
First, I was deeply concerned that they
plenty, for most of our people, that men
ring, Lt.
were not in complete agreement on the co-
could scarcely envision or ever dream of just
te, Chief
sponsorship of this meeting. The reason
a century ago.
surepaire,
terred to
I was concerned was for fear when they dis-
But, for all of this, there is more that really
alia, and
agreed, I might be called upon, too.
binds us together. In a political campaign
nister of
And I also observed from the Prime Min-
in Texas some years ago, I was asked about
ister's comments about women that you do
my allegiances. I replied in this way: "I
have an election coming up here in Australia
am a free man first, an American second, a
1.
before long. I trust that the ladies recog-
public servant third, and a Democrat fourth,
nize that the Prime Minister is not com-
in that order."
pletely oblivious to your influence. When
I think that ranking of priorities is some-
) of en-
Prime Ministers and Presidents ever come
thing that we can all understand. I think
here to
to the point where they overlook the ladies
that kind of ranking holds true in Australia
ul signs
in an election year, or in an off year, they
as well. We are free men first-and our
are in for more difficulties than they
strength flows like a mighty river from that
assador
normally have.
premise.
ador to
In America, during the past few years, I
The hallmark of our societies is that we
I don't
have heard Australia described as a very
encourage every man to stretch as far as he
hat the
"American" place.
can, and to look any man straight in the
g to be
I can only assume that America is de-
eye.
scribed here as a very "Australian" place.
I believe that trait, more than any other,
myself,
I believe that both are true-providing we
has built America and built Australia and,
ink you
are talking about the real meaning of our
indeed, has forever changed the human
enerous
nations. I am not willing to accept the
equation upon this planet.
nake us
notion that America stands only for super-
So we have prospered. We already have
markets and superhighways-just as I know
most of the material trappings that so much
that you will not accept the idea that Aus-
of the developing world today strives for.
74-767-67-Vol. П—40
1249
[545]
Oct.
22
Public Papers of the Presidents
Our people for the most part are well-
crops-but the kind of man the country
clothed, well-fed, well-educated, and well-
turns out."
that it has touc
housed. Automobiles are commonplace;
Increasingly, the thrust of Emerson's
Our young Pt:
washing machines far outnumber wash-
words will be at the heart of my program
Nuclear Resear
boards; private housing is spacious and avail-
when I return home. I intend to pursue
of our common
able to ever larger segments of the popula-
what I consider the ultimate moral goal that
limits of our W
tion of our two countries.
a politician can seek. It is this: the creation
man intellect as
But if the American experience-and the
of the conditions that allow people to pursue
these young st.
Australian experience-is to have any real
excellence.
"Lyndon B. Job
meaning on the canvas of history, it must
In the session of the Congress that is about
that, as a forme,
show a good deal more than just mere
to end, we fought poverty and discrimi-
times I have so
quantity. "More" is not enough. We
nation and slums-and all the accumulated
these days-I ch
must now learn the social truths that can
ailments of a society that grew boundlessly
description.¹
convert "more" into "better."
for almost two centuries and sometimes
For the libera
Human progress, we know, does not end
passed over its less fortunate members.
at the heart of al
with a two-car family, or central air condi-
That battle is not yet won, and we do not
own country-ar
tioning, or even a long vacation.
intend to falter in its execution.
ing to help others
We are concerned in my country with the
But we now also intend to concentrate on
If we are to e,
quality and the human grandeur of our
the quest for quality. Needless to say, such
and of the confie
existence.
a goal cannot be achieved just by legislative
shall have to fac,
I have set that proposition to the people of
fiat. But if an enlightened program can-
our own problem:
my land under a simple banner: the Great
not automatically grant excellence, it can
The struggle f
Society.
open the doors for those who seek to enter.
America has
We are seeking better and much more
That is what I seek, and that is what I have
throughout the
extensive education. We are seeking better
asked task forces made up of our great
superhighways.
medical treatment for all of our people.
scholars throughout the land, who are now
I have said so
We are seeking cleaner cities-purer water
at work in our Capital, to seek: to seek an
know what our fc
and purer air. We are seeking equality for
open-door policy for excellence.
all of our minority groups-and the land
I have had an old lesson reinforced in my
1 On November 21
preserved in as near the state as possible as
mind during the past few days that I have
nounced the names
God gave it to us.
Australian Science
been away from my country. A great so-
school students chose
I have some help on that conservation and
ciety cannot end at the water's edge in New
seminar in Australia
beautification program in person here today.
York or in Los Angeles-nor can it end at
Nuclear Research Fo
Mrs. Johnson has been pointing out to me
Sydney. The release
the water's edge in Sydney or in Perth. A
six boys from seven S
several good examples that we must emulate
truly great society can exist only in a great
Science Foundation at
that we have observed here in your country.
and unifying world that is dedicated to
ship Corporation, WO
These programs have a common root: to
authorities in space
bringing out the best in people from all over
The scholarships, 0
let men push on to the furthermost bound-
the world.
proposed by Dr. Han
aries of their being in an environment that is
I know that the magnanimous offer an-
of Physics and direc
fit for the human species.
Foundation, University
nounced yesterday by your own University
President dated Octob
We know that a great society demands
of Sydney-to bring IO young American sci-
replied on October 17
great individuals-that as Emerson said:
ence students here in January-was made in
touched by your wish
"The true test of civilization is not the
with
me.
To
me
that spirit. It will touch a most responsive
the importance of educ
census, nor the size of the cities, nor the
chord in my country, and I must say to you
two countries. They
(2 Weekly Comp. Pres.
1250
Lyndon B. Johnson, 1966
Oct. 22 [545]
untry
that it has touched me deeply.
domestic policy. I described that domestic
merson's
Our young people, who will study at your
policy of some 200 measures-I believe the
Nuclear Research Foundation, are symbols
State of the Union Message had 171 recom-
program
of our common quest to probe the deepest
mended, and we will perhaps get in the
to pursue
limits of our world-and to stretch the hu-
neighborhood of I50 enacted-I summa-
Zoral goal that
the creation
man intellect as far as it seeks to go. That
rized it in six letters:
ple to pursue
these young students will be designated
-Food, producing food for hungry peo-
"Lyndon B. Johnson Scholars" is an honor
ple, ourselves and the entire world.
that, as a former schoolteacher-and some-
We call that F.
; that is about
times I have some practice teaching to do
-Recreation, beautification, and conserva-
.nd discrimi-
accumulated
these days-I cherish beyond expression and
tion, so our children will have a place
/ boundlessly
description.1
to play, so that we can see the beauty
For the liberation of the best in man lies
of the land as God made it. We call
3 sometimes
te members.
at the heart of all we are trying to do in our
that R.
d we do not
own country-and all that we are really try-
-Jobs and good wages, full employment
ing to help others do.
that you have had for 30 years, income-
If we are to ever be worthy of the trust
77 million of our people are working,
incentrate on
and of the confidence of other peoples, we
more than ever in the history-we call
: to say, such
by legislative
shall have to face up to our own lives and
that I.
our own problems.
-Education-18 educational measures en-
rogram can-
The struggle for minority civil rights in
acted from picking the youngster at 4
ence, it can
eek to enter.
America has more ultimate meaning
years of age and carrying him through a
what I have
throughout the world than a hundred
Ph.D. in college, giving him all the
f our great
superhighways.
education he can take. We will call
I have said so often that if you want to
that E.
/ho are now
: to seek an
know what our foreign policy is, look at our
-Then medical care for all of our senior
citizens, modern hospitalization, in-
1 On November 21, 1966, the White House an-
creased nursing training, and nursing
orced in my
nounced the names of the 10 "Lyndon B. Johnson
that I have
homes for all of our elderly people; the
Australian Science Scholars," outstanding high
health program-23 bills. We will call
A great so-
school students chosen to attend a 2-week science
seminar in Australia on scholarships provided by the
that N for nursing homes.
dge in New
Nuclear Research Foundation of the University of
-D, the security of our Nation rests on
an it end at
Sydney. The release stated that the four girls and
1 Perth. A
the strength of our defense, and our
six boys from seven States, selected by the National
V in a great
Science Foundation and the National Merit Scholar-
ability to execute our policies with dis-
edicated to
ship Corporation, would attend lectures by world
patch and with strength. We will call
authorities in space and aeronautics.
that D.
rom all over
The scholarships, the release pointed out, were
proposed by Dr. Harry Messel, head of the School
That is really our domestic program. We
IS offer an-
of Physics and director of the Nuclear Research
have divided it into I50 detailed bills to clean
Foundation, University of Sydney, in a letter to the
up the dirty water, the dirty air, and those
1 University
President dated October 10, 1966. The President
merican sci-
replied on October 17, as follows: "I am personally
things. But it spells "Friend," F-r-i-e-n-d.
vas made in
touched by your wish to associate these scholarships
So the best way to judge how you look at
with me.
To me, these scholarships symbolize
other people is to look and see how you treat
t responsive
the importance of educational exchange between our
two countries. They confirm ties of friendship."
your own people. We have many religions,
t say to you
(2 Weekly Comp. Pres. Docs., p. 1717)
many colors, many races, and many geogra-
1251
[545] Oct. 22
Public Papers of the Presidents
phies. But we are all human beings.
tralia represents a growing awareness of the
Comra
The war on poverty in America has more
interdependence of all of us, and a growing
perience:
ultmate meaning, I think, throughout the
desire to strengthen it and to make it increas-
is always
world than a thousand supermarkets.
ingly fruitful, not simply for "white" Aus-
men just
The protection of freedom where freedom
tralians and Americans, but for all people
peace as
is threatened has more ultimate meaning
of every race, of every creed, of every
learn to lisease
throughout the world than all the products
nationality.
fighting nat is
or technology that we may ever export.
And that is exactly why I am here, and
explorin
The great majority of our people have
that is exactly how I feel and how I believe
Amer by
come to embrace and accept these values. I
most Australians feel.
that
believe that you share them as well-and that
Thank you so much.
I have that
satisfied this visiting American as deeply as
NOTE: The President spoke at 1:06 p.m. at the Art
have apican
the exuberant warmth of your hospitality.
Gallery of New South Wales in Sydney, Australia.
tain cor}hou
It is one more bond in a friendship that shall
In his opening words he referred to Harold E. Holt,
lation c'am
Prime Minister of Australia, and his wife, Robin W.
last as long, as the Prime Minister said, as
Askin, Premier and Treasurer of New South Wales,
have you
our nations endure.
and his wife, Leslie J. Herron, Chief Justice of
Americer
For as I read only this morning in the
New South Wales, and his wife, His Eminence
Norman Cardinal Gilroy, Roman Catholic Arch-
percent h's
Sydney Morning World, my visit to Aus-
bishop of Sydney, and the Right Reverend Marcus
homew
Loane, Anglican Archbishop of Sydney.
Manila.n
Only in
546 Remarks Upon Arrival at the Airport, Brisbane, Australia.
far frorpre
ing statias
October 22, 1966
of ourily
workinVo
My good friends, Prime Minister and Mrs.
when General MacArthur established his
Holt, Your Excellencies, Ministers of State,
and C&g
headquarters in Australia and planned the
Thes
Members of Parliament, ladies and gentle-
mighty campaign that would free the Pacific
of our
men:
of aggression.
we are
First of all, Mrs. Johnson and I want to
It goes back to those dark days when it was
univers
express our deep appreciation for the oppor-
hard to see any light at the end of the tun-
We
tunity to come here and to meet with you,
nel-and the Japanese were on the other side
in this
and our deep regret that you have been
of the Owen-Stanley Range coming in your
tion an
delayed by our tardiness.
direction, in our direction-until at last,
and A
We have been meeting so many wonderful
through bravery, through determination,
people in Australia whom we hadn't antici-
cooper
and through sacrifice of Australians, Amer-
statesm
pated we would see that our schedule has
icans, and others, some light appeared.
land.
had to be stretched a little from time to time.
I am told that it was something like a mil-
But
Tonight we come to you near the close of
lion Americans who passed through Bris-
the most wonderful visit that I have ever
cooper
bane during World War II. So a great part
made to any land.
of the enthusiasm my people feel for your
a peac
This has been a sentimental journey for
wonderful land of Australia must have
day,
nifica
me.
started with that original million right here.
My bond with Australia goes back 24 long
of Sy
I hope and I trust, and I want to believe-
stude
and eventful years. It goes back to 1942,
and I do believe-that that feeling is mutual.
to
1252
Lyndon B. Johnson, 1966
Oct. 22 [546]
Comradeship in war unites men as few ex-
search Foundation-along with your own
periences can unite them. But that union
brightest boys and girls here in Australia.
is always purchased at a terrible price. Free
That they will be called the Lyndon B. John-
men just must learn to find comradeship in
son Scholars is a great tribute to Australian
peace as well as find it in war. They must
generosity-but it is a source of deep grati-
learn to find it in trade, in scholarship, in
tude to me.
fighting disease, relieving hunger, and in
Our two young nations are blessed with
d
exploring the earth and the heavens.
tremendous natural and human resources.
Americans and Australians are finding
We have so much to offer to those who need
that peaceful comradeship today.
the skills and the technology that we already
I have enjoyed my 2 days in Australia. I
possess in abundance.
irt
have appeared in cities and areas that con-
In agriculture, in satellite communica-
1a.
tain considerably more than half the popu-
tions, in the control of rivers, in public health,
It,
lation of this entire country. Although I
in population planning, we already have a
V.
have appeared in 3° of the 5° States in
range of understanding and experience that
of
America this year, I still haven't reached 5°
can make the vital difference for millions of
ce
h-
percent of the population. So I have some
our fellow men.
us
homework to do when I get back from
We cannot-we must not-hold on self-
Manila.
ishly to these skills and these technologies.
Only this afternoon at Cooby Creek-not
We must not fear to share them with those
far from where I stand-a new space track-
who long for a better life. We shall find-
ing station was dedicated. It is a joint effort
as wise men have always known-that the
of our space scientists, who are already
lives of those who give of themselves are
working together at Carnarvon, Woomera,
enriched far beyond the treasure and the
is
and Canberra.
talent that they share with others.
he
These stations are very vital to the success
I know that yours is a giving nation. You
fic
of our lunar program-and vital to all that
gave tens of thousands of your best young
we are seeking to understand about the
men to the cause of freedom-your freedom
vas
universe around us.
and the world's freedom-in the Second
in-
We could never have come so far, so fast,
World War. Thousands more stood shoul-
ide
in this great adventure without the dedica-
der to shoulder with us in Korea-and to-
our
tion and competence of Australian scientists
night they stand shoulder to shoulder in the
1st,
and Australian technicians, and without the
rice paddies in Vietnam. You have given
on,
cooperation of the modern 20th century
millions of dollars to aid your neighbors in
ter-
statesmen who guide the destinies of this
the Pacific and in Asia.
land.
I just cannot end without saying that you
nil-
ris-
But we are not depending only on the
have given me-the representative of a peo-
cooperation of mature professionals to build
ple who admire you, and who cherish the
bart
a peaceful comradeship in science. Yester-
affection of all the citizenry of Australia-
our
day, an announcement of very keen sig-
3 days that have filled my heart and strength-
have
nificance to me was made at the University
ened my body and my'spirit.
ere.
of Sydney. It was revealed that IO young
So in the morning I will go to Manila. I
/e-
ual.
students from my country will be invited
will go there with your most distinguished
to study, during January, at the Nuclear Re-
Prime Minister. I will go refreshed by the
1253
[546]
Oct.
22
Public Papers of the Presidents
encouragement that you have given me, and
And we will give you all that is within us.
courtesy,
with my faith renewed in our common task.
Thank you so much for coming out here
spect-ar
We will do the best we can to give the
and doing us this great honor. We shall
equal We
maximum protection to the men whom we
never forget it.
But it
must guide.
NOTE: The President spoke at 9:36 p.m. at Eagle
cies and
We long and look for the day when all
Farm Airport, Brisbane, Australia, following an in-
sponsible
men on this earth will enjoy prosperity-and
troduction by George F. R. Nicklin, Premier and
be turne¹
Minister for State Development, Queensland. In
war will be no more.
his opening words the President referred to Harold
ments thy
We ask for your hopes, your confidence,
E. Holt, Prime Minister of Australia, and his wife.
support se
ha
and your prayers.
found
this town
This or
547 Remarks at Townsville Upon Departing From Australia.
stake is 1in
October 23, I966
in Vietna
majority
Prime Minister and Mrs. Holt, Deputy
it, Colonel Stevens would have felt that he
for the F
Premier Chalk, Your Excellencies, Mr.
did not die in vain.
nam. wi
Mayor, ladies and gentlemen:
I do not know how many Australian faces
in self-de
It is right that my second visit to Aus-
I have looked into or how many Australian
strongly
tralia should conclude in a place that holds
hands I have shaken during the last 3½ days.
fight for
such vivid memories for me-from my first
The number does not really matter. What
achieved
visit here, in Townsville, in 1942.
matters is what your faces and your hands
and prote
Things are much calmer and much more
have said to me-and what I hope that mine
Most
peaceful here in Townsville today at the
have said to Australia. The message is that
of this C
Buchanan Hotel than they were when I was
the vast majority of the American and Aus-
their bac
here 24 years ago.
tralian people are together-all the way-on
periled
A few weeks ago your distinguished Prime
the battlefield and in the search for peace.
done so-
Minister visited me in Washington. I had,
Obviously, that view is not held by every-
times te
at that luncheon in his honor, a young man
one. There are those who feel very deeply,
long be
who had not seen his father. He is now a
and certainly those who feel very vocally,
same
teacher at West Point. The night that I
that our common engagement in Vietnam is
Thus,
spent in Australia on June 8, 1942, I slept
morally wrong. They have made their feel-
the min
in a double bed with a Colonel Francis
ings known with equal vigor in my country,
majority
Stevens.
and certainly in yours.
In Vier
We left here about midnight for the
Theirs is, I believe, the view of a minority.
minorit
Three-Mile Field in Port Moresby, New
That does not make it mistaken; but it does
lot box
Guinea. Colonel Stevens never came back
require us to see it in a larger context.
imajorit
and never saw his boy-but the Prime Min-
Because we have put our trust in democ-
Now
ister came to America and did greet him.
racy, we are bound to preserve and to pro-
derful
And if Colonel Stevens could have fol-
tect the minority's right to express its opin-
Prime
lowed us through Australia the last 3 days,
ion, and we cannot and we must never in-
We
could have seen the happiness on the faces
sist that it speak its opinion in a whisper that
mitted
of the people, could have seen them enjoying
is pleasing to us. We are bound, too, to be-
in Video
their freedom and preserving and protecting
have towards the minority with a tolerance,
that
1254
Lyndon B. Johnson, 1966
Oct. 23 [547]
courtesy, a gentleness, with ordinary re-
the prospects for bringing it to an end. We
spect-an obligation that falls, I think, with
will, of course, consider what may be done
equal weight on the minority, too.
to heal the wounds of a long and a tragic
But it is exactly because we are democra-
war.
Eagle
cies and because our governments are re-
We know, of course, that there is so much
an in-
sponsible to the whole people that we cannot
good to be done with the resources that are
r and
d. In
be turned aside from policies and commit-
now being wasted that we want very much
Harold
ments that the great majority of our public
to get ahead and transfer this conflict from
$ wife.
support and for which they have made pro-
the battlefield to the conference room.
found sacrifices-as Colonel Stevens did in
I am conscious of the human tragedy and
this town, 24 years ago.
the lost opportunities every day-as the battle
This is especially so where what is at
reports come to me every morning before I
stake is liberty and is freedom itself. We are
get out of bed.
in Vietnam now precisely because the great
Again and again and again I have said:
majority of our people believe in free choice
hat he
we are ready to stop the bombing of North
for the people of the little country of Viet-
Vietnam; we are ready to produce a sched-
nam. We believe in that right of free choice;
n faces
ule for the withdrawal of our troops—
in self-determination. We believe in it so
whenever the other side tells us what it is
tralian
strongly that we are willing to go there and
prepared to do to move toward peace in
/2 days.
fight for it and die for it until that right is
Vietnam and to reciprocate the actions and
What
achieved and until that right is preserved
the decisions that we take.
hands
and protected.
at mine
We must remember this: It takes only
Most of our people have learned the lesson
one side to make a war and to begin a war.
: is that
of this century that nations must not turn
It takes two sides to end a war-short of
d Aus-
their backs on those whose freedom is im-
unconditional surrender. And we do not
vay-on
periled by aggression. When they have
seek the unconditional surrender of those
r peace.
done so-and the melancholy history of our
who oppose us in Vietnam, nor to destroy or
y every-
times tells us that they have-it was not
change any system of government, nor to
deeply,
long before their own freedom faced the
deprive any people of what is rightfully
vocally,
same mortal danger.
theirs. When a decision is made by the
:tnam is
Thus, at home, we defend the right of
eir feel-
other side to seek its goals through peaceful
the minority to dissent-and the right of the
means-not through terror, not through vi-
country,
majority to insist that it be heard as well.
olence-we shall be the first to meet at the
In Vietnam, we defend the right of the
conference table.
inority.
minority to be heard-peacefully, at the bal-
We prefer reason to force. But until that
: it does
lot box. We defend the right of the
time comes, we shall not let our men go
to
majority to be free of persuasion by terror.
unprotected and undefended. We shall
democ-
Now I leave this great people, this won-
fight for freedom in Vietnam-knowing
to pro-
derful land, to go to Manila with your
that as we do, we fight not just for freedom
is opin-
Prime Minister and other heads of state.
ever in-
and liberty in Vietnam, but we fight for
We will meet with others who have com-
freedom and liberty in Australia, in New
per that
mitted their sons to the struggle to the end
Zealand, in Hawaii, in the United States of
", to be-
in Vietnam. We will, of course, review
lerance,
America, and freedom and liberty wherever
that progress. We will, of course, review
men cherish it.
I255
[547] Oct. 23
Public Papers of the Presidents
disease
We believe the day will come when our
world as I see here in this great land of
changes he that is
neighbors in Asia and the Pacific will enjoy
Australia.
fully than c
the liberty and the freedom that is now a
So to Your Right Honorable Prime Min-
mentals thesed by
part of the heritage of the people of America
ister and his gracious First Lady, Mrs. Holt,
He said tourse
and the people of Australia. And behind
to the members of his Ministry and the Gov-
had listenedul tha
the shield of our determination, the free
ernors, the Premiers, the distinguished hosts
to center onerican
expressions of mankind may continue to be
that we have had as we have traveled across
Let me sair shou
heard. That is reward enough for the effort
this land, to the leaders of the Opposition
dent, for al I am
we are making.
Party, to the boys and the girls, to one and
speaker. Fat you
I have come here to retrace some of the
all, Mrs. Johnson and I not only salute what
spoke. Hel other
tracks that I made a quarter of a century
we consider to be one of the great people in
own talk. herica's
ago. This has been a sentimental journey.
this universe, but we leave this land with
He said t] did j
The last few hours I have had many sad
great regret. Yet we also leave it with the
four princi, from
memories. But never in my life have I gone
hope that we may come again.
First, "Teople is
among a people in any land where I have
Thank you and goodby.
been received with such open arms and with
gression mue recipr
NOTE: The President spoke at 11:03 a.m. at Garbutt
He then ble mea
such unfailing courtesy. Never have I seen
Royal Air Force Base, Townsville, Australia. In
tries represe have al
a nation where its military leaders, where its
his opening words he referred to Harold E. Holt,
diplomatic leaders, where its industrial lead-
Prime Minister of Australia, and his wife, Gordon
is being sued. N
W. W. Chalk, Treasurer of Queensland, and A. J.
outside, an your I
ers, where its political leaders are more in
Smith, Mayor of Townsville.
terror insid
line with what I think is good for the whole
Then he 1y glad
at this tabl942 she
548 Summary of the President's Remarks at the Manila Summit
that friend.ut on th
"Already office in
Conference. October 24, 1966
pose amongave beer
MR. MOYERS. The President spoke this eve-
see what Wt never
As I said, the President began speaking at
ning, beginning at 4:37, extemporaneously
have done or sinc
4:37. Where there are direct quotes, I will
with a few notes in front of him. Because
The Prested that
give you direct quotes.
there has not been time to prepare a text,
represented
He thanked President Marcos for the
I, at Secretary Aspiras' invitation, will read
palace had
pains which he and the people of Manila
from my notes of what the President said.
mother wiks at t
and the Philippines have taken to make all
He
This is in an effort to give all of you an equal
of the delegates welcome.
said,,,
21,
I
crack at the President's remarks.
He said that he had come as an "equal
recognizes
Of course, it is not mine to speak for the
esson of hinister an
among equals" to share with friends and
conference. I will not take any questions
=eet, the Minister,
allies our problems, our plans, and our hopes.
at this session on what the President said or
very early tition, M
He said he thought the most important
did today. I will be available in the Sun-
have listenhn and
conviction of the conference would be for the
burst Room, not for a general briefing, but
heard the ad Lady
world to know "that the nations directly
to take any questions individually from you,
have listemiers of
assisting the people of South Vietnam are
or to clean up any questions you may have
resolute."
evaluation, lies and
after I finish this. That is for those who are
zached the and wa
He said he had had a chance to talk with
accredited American or White House cor-
amund whnorable I
each of the chiefs of state and government
respondents with whom I meet regularly.
gathered around the table. From these ex-
= istance, Minister
He said,
1256
WED 01 JHN 92 00:19
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1. Mark. Karo H Melbourne Adv//
TO/LOCATION/TIME OF RECEIPT
1. Christine Martin 503
2.
3.
4.
TOR. 3100452 DEC91
3.
3.
INFORMATION ADDEES/LOCATION/TIME_OR RECEIPT
PECIAL INSTRUCTIONS/REMANKS:
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caw
LINClas
CLASSIFICATION
ICA FORM A. 15 OCTOBER 01
MELBOURI
AUSTRALIA
WED 01 JAN 92 00:19
PG.02
OFFICE OF
PRESIDENTIAL ADVANCE
COVER PAGE
TO:
CHRISTINA MARTIN
FROM:
MARK KORO //Melbourne Advance!/
TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES:
21
(including cover page)
DATE:
31DEC91
TIME:
11:00 Melbourne
MESSAGE:
Deliver upon arrival at Sidney Hotel
IF YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS OR PROBLEMS WITH THE TRANSMISSION PLEASE CALL.
TELEPHONE NUMBER: 34220
MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA
WED 01 JAN 92 00:20
PG.03
December 31, 1991
MEMORANDUM
TO:
Christina Martin
FROM:
Mark Koro
Melbourne Advance
RE:
Remarks and talking points
THE PRESIDENT will be making remarks at all the events here in
Melbourne, Australia on January 3, 1992. The Consulate has
prepared some background and talking points on two of the events:
Coral Sea Commemorative Council Reception, and the American
Consulate Greeting. The latter is closed press.
The other two events are a Business Roundtable Meeting, where THE
PRESIDENT will make brief remarks at the start, and the major
speech at the Address US and Australian Community Leaders. The
schedule we received from D.C. indicates these remarks will be 20
minutes in length.
With regard to the Business Roundtable Meeting, the Consulate did
not have any specific talking points, but did prepare a
background paper on the participants.
Office. If you have any questions, please call me at the Melbourne Staff
Thank you.
MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA
WED 01 JAN 92 00:20
PG.04
EVENT: MEETING WITH MEMBERS OF THE AUSTRALIA-U.S CORAL SEA COMMEMORATIVE
COUNCIL
TIME: 1120-1140, January 3, 1991
LOCATION: Howqua Rooms 2 & 3, World Congress Centre, Melbourne
SIZE & COMPOSITION: Approximately 80 guests (40 Council members +
spouses)
SETTING: Approximately 40 members of the Council - distinguished and
influential citizens from many sectors of Australian society - and their
spouses will be gathered in Howqua Rooms 2 & 3 when the President
arrives. There will be a lectern and microphone at the head of the room
to the left as the President and his party enter. All participants will
stand during the event. The Ambassador will introduce the President to
the Chairman of the Council, Sir Eric Neal, and Vice Chairman, Admiral
Húdson. Sir Eric will welcome the President and briefly describe the
activities of the Council. He will then invite the President to address
the Council. Following the President's comments, Sir Eric will briefly
respond and then introduce the President and his party to the Council
committee and to the other members of the Council and their spouses.
KEY OBJECTIVES:
-- To thank members of the Council, especially Chairman Sir Eric Neal,
for their contributions to Council programs and projects that will
commemorate the World War II origins of our bilateral alliance in 1992.
- To focus press attention on the Councill and stimulate general public
interest in the cycle of commemorative ev3nts planned in Australian
during 1992, especially the 50th anniversary of the Battle of the Coral
Sea, May 4-8, 1942.
-- To acknowledge the contributions of the thousands of Australians who
are working to develop commemorative activities during 1992.
-- To underline the importance the U.S. attaches to younger Australians
and the future of the alliance.
MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA
WED 01 JAN 92 00:21
PG.05
TALKING POINTS:
I am pleased to have the opportunity this morning to thank all of you
personally for your participation in the Australia - United States Coral
Sea Commemorative Council.
The programs and activities you coordinate or sponsor will assure that
the events that shaped the beginnings of our bilateral alliance --
especially the 50th anniversary of the Battle of the Coral Sea -- receive
the attention they deserve in 1992
On their behalf, I also want to convey to this Council and to all
Australians who are developing commemorative programs this year the
appreciation of the over one million American men and women who serve in
Australia during World War II.
That fifty years later SO many prominent Australians have accepted Sir
Eric's invitation to join this Council is evidence that what young
Americans and Australians achieved in the defense of freedom here and in
the South Pacific during World War II has not been forgotten.
I share your hope that those veterans, some of them still living, will
return to Australia with their families in 1992 to take part in the
programs, ceremonies, and activities that are planned. I know they will
receive the same open, warmhearted Aussie welcome that I have.
I am pleased to learn that this Council is looking to the future of our
alliance and will support many activities designed to appeal to young
Australians.
I am sure that the actions of this Council will strenghten and sustain an
Alliance that has matured and is as relevant today as it ever was.
My best wishes to you throughout this commemorative year.
MELBOURNE, HOSTRALIA
WED 01 JAN 92 00:22
PG.06
PARTICIPANTS - CORAL SEA COMMEMORATIVE COUNCIL MEETING
Patrons: Ambassador Sembler (Prime Minister Hawke is also a patron but
will not be participating)
* Chairman: Sir Eric James Neal, AC, Chairman of Westpac Banking
Corporation
* Deputy Chairman: Admiral Michael Hudson, AC, Deputy Chairman and
Services and Veterans Liaison
Chairman of Finance Committee: Mr. Richard Pratt, AO, Joint Chairman and
Managing Director, Visy Board Group
* Mr. Lindsay Hamilton, Executive Director of the Coral Sea Commemorative
Council, c/o Westpac Bank
Sir James Balderstone, Chairman, Australian Mutual Provident Society
* Sir Robert Cotton, KCMG: Communications and Publicity
Mr. Peter Doyle, Chairman, Australian National Maritime Museum
Sir Llewellyn Edwards, AC, c/o Jones Lang Wootten
Mr. Brian Finn, Managing Director, IBM Australia Limited
* Air Vice Marshal L.B. Fisher, AM, representing Genral Peter Gration,
AC, OBE, Chief of Australian Defense Forces
* Brigadier A.B. Garland, AM, National President, RSL of Australia
Mr. Patrick Geraghty, Seamen's Union of Australia
* Mr. J.B. Gough, AO, Pacific Dunlop
Mr. Paul Kelly, Editor-in-Chief, The Australian Newspaper
* The Right Honorable, The Lord Mayor of Hobart, Alderman L.D.P. (Doone)
Kennedy
* Mr. J.A. Landels, AO, c/o Caltex Australia Limited
Mr. Phillip Lincoln, Jr., Consul General, American Consulate General,
Sydney
* Mr. Eamon J. Lindsay, RFD, MP, President, Australian-American
Parliamentary Committee
*
Have confirmed attendance as of 12/18/91
MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA
WED 01 JAN 92 00:23
PG.07
(Participants cont.)
The Lord Mayor of Darwin, Alderman Allan Markham
* The Right Honorable, The Lord Mayor of Melbourne, Councillor Richard
Meldrum
Commodore J.L.W. (Red) Merson, National President, Naval Association of
Australia
*
The Lord Mayor, Alderman Tony Mooney
Mr. Brian Nebenzahl, Managing Director, Play Pty. Ltd.
Sir Arvi Parbo, Chairman, Western Mining Corp.
*
Mr. J. B. Prescott, Managing Director, The Broken Hill Proprietary
Company Ltd. (BHP)
*
Mr. Ropger Pysden, Boral Ltd., President of the Australian-american
Association for NSW: Community Liason
Lady Ramsey
*
Rear Admiral Neil Ralph, AO, DSO, RAN (Rtd.)
*
Rear Admiral Andrew Robertson, AO, DSC, RAN (Rtd.)
Mr. Frederick Ross, President, Merchant Service Guild of Australia
R. J.S. Rowe, AM, Managing Director, Sydney Convention & Visitors Bureau;
Tourism Liaison
*
The Lord Mayor for the City of Sydney, Alderman Frank Sartor
*
Mr. William Small, Senior Partner, Price Waterhouse
Mr. Robert Sullivan, Federal President, Australian-American Association
Ltd.
*
Mr. Richard Warburton, Managing Director, Depont (Australia)
Sir Bruce Watson, chairman, MIM Holdings Ltd.
*
Mr. D.R. Wills, Chairman and Manging Director, Coca-Cola Amatil Ltd.
*
Have confirmed attendance as of 12/18/91
JHN 92 00:23
PG.08
/ENT:
PRESIDENT'S MEETING WITH CONSULATE STAFF
AND FAMILIES, JANUARY 3, 1992
TIME:
11:40 - 12:00, January 3, 1992
CORRYONG Room #5, 125 GUESTS
LOCATION:
La Trobe Theater, 500 fixed seat
auditorium, 2nd level of World Congress
Center, Melbourne
SIZE & COMPOSITION:
Approximately 125 guests, composed of
employees of the U.S. Consulate General
and their families, as well as U.S.
servicemen stationed in the Melbourne
area and their families.
SETTING:
Approximately 110 adult attendees will
be seated in alternate rows in the
Replace
auditorium. Approximataely 15 children
will be seated in the front row. When
seating
the President and his party arrive via
the left entrance the attendees will
w/standing
stand up until the President is in place
behind the lectern. The Presidential
ina reception
Party will be seated behind the
President on the stage. On the lectern
style
there will be a microphone, a pitcher of
water and a glass. Consul General Bock
setting.
will introduce the President and Mrs.
Bush. The President will make some
brief remarks. Following his speech,
the President and Mrs. Bush will be
invited to speak briefly with the
children seated in the front row and, if
time permits, with others seated in the
auditorium.
KEY OBJECTIVES:
To provide the President and Mrs. Bush
an opportunity to meet the employees and
family members of the Consulate and of
U.S. military activities in the area,
including American military exchange
officers.
To provide a photo opportunity for the
President and Mrs. Bush with the
children of the attendees.
TALKING POINTS:
-- Barbara and I are delighted to be here, and to have the
chance to meet all of you. I know many of you have worked
hard to make this visit a success, and I want you to know
how much we appreciate it.
MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA
WED 01 JAN 92 00:24
PG.09
-2-
-- More generally, I also want you to know how much I
appreciate those of you, both civilian and military, who
spend much of your lives serving our country overseas. I
know from our own experience in China that this sort of
life requires sacrifices on the part of your family
members, who have to adjust to differences in work
opportunities and of schooling.
-- I gather that some of you here today are Navy fliers,
working with our Australian allies to upgrade their air
force fighters. As an ex-Navy pilot myself, I'm
particularly pleased to see you here -- keep up the good
work.
-- Our relations with Australia are on a firm footing,
thanks in part to the efforts of you people here today.
And it's an important relationshiip for the United States
-- no less so now that the Cold War is over. I ask you all
to continue your work to strengthen that relationship
between our two democracies, which has led to cooperation
in solving SO many of the problems now facing the world.
PARTICIPANTS:
-- The American staff of the Consulate. (Some staff members
may be occupied with Control Room and other duties which
will prevent their participation.)
-- The eight dependents of the American employees
-- The 25 local employees of the Consulate, (there will be
some staff members manning the Control Room, but it is
hoped that they will be relieved in time to be present.)
-- The 19 dependents of the local employees
-- The 12 American employees of NAVPRO
-- The 16 dependents of NAVPRO
-- The seven American employees of Suslo
-- The three dependents of Suslo
-- The 12 American Military Exchange Officers
-- The 20 dependents of the Exchange Officers
(Total 125 attendees)
191E
BOURNE, HUSTRALIA
WED 01 JAN 92 00:25
PG.10
American-Australian
Revised 11.00 am
Business Leader Meeting
12.30.91
January 3, 1992
1. Presidential Business Delegation
Dexter F. Baker
Chairman, President and CEO
Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.
Chairman, National Association of Manufacturers
AIR PRODUCTS AND CHEMICALS, INC. is a major international
supplier of a broad range of industrial gases and related
equipment, chemicals, and environment and energy systems. Air
Products has formed partnerships to design, construct and operate
waste-to-energy facilities for processing municipal trash, and
emissions in coal-fired power plants. It has also entered the
cogeneration business. Company has annual sales of US$3 billion
and 14,600 employees. Company has subsidiaries and operations in
27 countries and exports to nearly 90 others. In recent years,
Air Products has significantly expanded in Asia and now has
affiliate operations in Korea, Japan, Hong Kong, Malaysia,
Indonesia, Thailand, Taiwan and Singapore.
Dr. Winston Chen
Chief Executive Officer
Solectron Corporation
Baldrige Award Winner
SOLECTRON CORPORATION is the second largest electronic manufacturing
service company in the U.S. It provides sophisticated, high quality
electronic assembly and turnkey manufacturing management services to
OEM manufacturer customers in the computer, telecommunication, avionie
and medical equipment industries. Product range includes surface mou:
technology, software. printed circuit boards, flexible circuit, computers and
Beverley F. Dolan
Chairman and CEO
Textron, Inc.
Vice Chairman, President's Export Council
TEXTRON, INC. is a diversified manufacturing and financial services
company serving markets around the globe. The three sectors -
Aerospace Technology, Commercial Products and Financial Services -
offer low-cost, high-quality products and services. The products ranc
MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA
WED 01 JAN 92 00:26
PG.11
- 2 -
from advanced technology commercial and military helicopters and gas
turbine engines to a broad array of sophisticated automotive
components, fasteners and outdoor power equipment. Services include
strong franchises in consumer and commercial finance and disability
income insurance.
Robert Galvin
Chairman, Executive Committee
Motorola, Inc.
Baldrige Award Winner/Vice Chairman, US -Japan Business Council
MOTOROLA, INC. is one of the United States' top corporations with
world-wide sales in 1990 in excess of US$10.8b and employs over 102,00.
people. Company is involved in radio and television communications
equipment, semiconductors and related devices, personal computers,
radar systems and equipment, cellular radio telephones.
Joseph T. Gorman
Chairman and CEO
TRW Inc.
Chairman, Industry Policy Advisory Committee
TRW INC. is a global company focused on providing products and service
with a high technological or engineering content to automotive, space,
defense and information markets. The company employs 72,000 people in
more than 300 facilities in 21 countries.
James Herr
Chairman
Herr Foods, Inc.
Chairman, National Federation of Independent Business
HERR FOODS, INC. markets a wide array of snack foods such as cheese
curls, corn chips, onion rings, popcorn, pretzels and tortilla chips.
It has annual sales of US$100 million in the salted snack food
industry. In a multi-million dollar expansion, company has recently
decided to add another pretzel line, new packaging machinery and a
waste water treatment plant.
Raymond Marlow
President
Marlow Industries
Baldrige Award Winner
MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA
WED 01 JAN 92 00:27
PG.12
- 3 -
MARLOW INDUSTRIES processes raw materials into thermoelectric
semiconductors, assembles these devices into thermoelectric coolers an
integrates the coolers into heat exchangers for commercial and defense
million. applications. Company employs 170 and has total annual sales of US$12
Heinz Preschter
Chairman and CEO
ASC, Inc.
Chairman, President's Export Council
ASC, INC. is a design, engineering and manufacturing company that
supplies the global automobile industry with vehicle conversions and
specialty components, including sunroofs, convertibles and vinyl tops.
people. Company has more than 30 facilities worldwide and employs nearly 3,000
C.J. Silas
Chairman and CEO
Phillips Petroleum Company
Chairman, U.S. Chamber of Commerce
PHILLIPS PETROLEUM COMPANY ranks about tenth among U.S. oil companies.
Company has fully integrated operations - finds and produces
hydrocarbons and then upgrades them into products of higher value such
barrels of hydrocarbons every day (1990).
as chemicals and gasoline. It produces the equivalent of some 560,000
2. American Chamber of Commerce in Australia
Richard F E Warburton
Group Managing Director/
Chief Executive Officer, Australia/New Zealand
Du Pont (Australia) Ltd.
168 Walker Street
North Sydney, NSW 2060
RICHARD WARBURTON (Australian), joined Du Pont (Agrichemicals) in 1966
and was appointed to his current position in 1987. He has held
managerial positions with Du Pont in Wilmongton Delaware, La Porte
plant Houston Texas, and Thailand. President, AmCham Australia in
September 1990, and named as BRW/Alcatel Business Leader of the Year i
Manufacturing - November 1991. He graduated from South Australian
Institute of Technology. with accounting and agricultural qualification.
Du Pont first established in Australia, 1963 as Du Pont Far East.
Incorporated in Australia, 1969. June 1990, Du Pont acquired
Australia's only synthentic yarn manufacturer - Fibremakers - and
A$70mm hydrogen peroxide plant in New Zealand, June 1991.
commits to substantial investment to increase productivity. Opened an
- 4 -
Charles Blunt
National Director
American Chamber of Commerce in Australia
Level 2, 39-41 Lower Fort Street
Sydney, NSW 2000
CHARLES W. BLUNT (Australian), National Director of AmCham since
September 1990. Member of the House of Representatives (MRA) for
Richmond, NSW - 1984-90, and Leader of the National Party, 1989-90. He
Society of Accountants.
has a B.Sc. from Sydney University and is an Assoc. of the Australian
Frank Bennett
Manager, Victoria
American Chamber of Commerce
123 Lonsdale Street
Melbourne, Vic. 3000
FRANK BENNETT (American) became an AmCham State Manager - Victoria in
February 1990. He spent 33 years as a U.S. Foreign Service Officer -
with the State Dept., Washington D.C. and overseas. He was Consul
General, Melbourne 1984-88. He holds a B.A. (History) and M.A.
(Political Science) from the University of California, Berkeley.
Robert Slagle
Managing Director
Alcoa of Australia Ltd.
7th Floor, 530 Collins Street
Melbourne, Vic. 3000
ROBERT 1991. F. SLAGLE (American), took up his present position in January,
He joined Alcoa Tenessee in 1964, working his way up the
corporate ladder. After numerous other positions, he became Vice
President in 1984; Vice President-Industrial Chemicals in 1986; Vice
Vice President-Industrial Chemicals and U.S. Alumina Operations in 1987;
Company in 1989.
accountability for Alcoa Suriname and Jamaca and Alcoa Steamship
President Raw Materials, Alumina and Industrial Chemicals plus
Alcoa Australia Ltd. was established in 1961. Today it is a major,
fully integrated aluminium producerwith significant Australian
ownership (49 percent) and assets exceeding A$3.4 billion in 1990. It
operates terminals three bauxite mines, three alumina refineries, two shipping
and a gold mine in Western Australia, an aluminium
venture major participant and manager of an aluminium smelter and joint
the rolling mill and a brown coal mine and power station in Victoria smelter, and is
project at Portland, Victoria.
- 5 -
John A. MacDonnell
Managing Director
Bechtel Australia P/L
Level 4, 6 Riverside Quay
South Melbourne, Vic. 3205
JOHN A. MACDONNELL (Canadian), held current position since November
1990. With Bechtel since 1974, and has worked in San Francisco, Lond
Queens University, Kingston, Canada.
England, Toronto and Montreal. He has a Masters in Engineering from
Bechtel Australia - a subsidiary of American Bechtel Inc - operates a.
Pacific Basin.
engineering and construction business throughout Australia and the
Terry Winters
Managing Director
BellSouth Australia P/L
Level 8, 600 St. Kilda Road
Melbourne, Vic. 3004
TERRY WINTERS (Australian), spent 10 years with Motorola before
becoming a founding partner of BellSouth Australia in 1983. He is al.
Communications, which is partly-owned by BellSouth.
a director of Australia's second telecommunications carrier, Optus
BellSouth Australia - A subsidiary of BellSouth U.S. and Australia's
service and voice mail bureau - has operated in Australia since 1987
leading nationwide radio paging network operator, telephone answering
when it acquired a majority interest in paging firm Link
Communications. BellSouth together with Cable & Wireless (UK), holds
49% equity in Optus Communications.
Mr. John Herbig
Managing Director
BF Goodrich Chemical Ltd.
14 Queens Road
Melbourne, Vic. 3004
JOHN HERBIG (Australian)
BF Goodrich Chemical Ltd. - A division of the BF Goodrich Co. USA -
manufactures polyvinyl chloride resins and latexes. It is the
Australian agent for BF Goodrich Chemical Company products which
adhesives, etc.
include synthetic rubbers, latexes and polyurethane materials,
- 6 -
Barry K. Murphy
Chairman & Chief Executive Officer
Caltex Australia Ltd.
167-187 Kent Street
Sydney, NSW 2000
BARRY K. MURPHY (Australian), joined Caltex in 1968 as Project Enginee
and became Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Caltex Australia
Ltd., in September 1991. 1979 - worked in the Australasian regional
office at the New York office of Caltex Petroleum Corp. General
Manager Caltex (Asia) Ltd., mid-1980; Marketing Director for Caltex
Australia mid-1985 and Managing Director in January 1989. He holds a
Engineering. Bachelors Degree in Applied Science and a Bachelors Degree in Chemical
Caltex Australia Ltd. - subsidiary of Caltex Petroleum Corp, USA - (Ir
Australia since 1918), refines, distributes and markets refined
petroleum products; owns and operates crude oil and refined petroleum
products tankships, operates liquid petroleum product pipelines, coal
mining and franchises Majik Markets convenience stores.
Scott Reid
Managing Director
Chase Manhattan Bank Australia Ltd.
36th Floor, Qantas Centre
1 Jamison Street
Sydney, NSW 2000
MR. W. SCOTT REID (American), joined The Chase Manhattan Bank, N.A. ir
1972 and later became team leader for the automotive industry and
related companies. 1983-85 Division Executive, commercial banking, fc
U.S. finance and leasing companies, trucking companies, and railroads.
Chase Manhattan Bank first provided services to the Australian
Government in 1929. Entering Australia in 1985, as Chase AMP Bank -
50% joint venture with the AMP Society - has established a significant F
wholesale and consumer banking presence. Known as The Chase Manhattar
Bank Australia Ltd., from December 2, 1991.
John Thom
Chairman
Citibank Limited
1 Margaret Street
Sydney, NSW 2000
MR. JOHN THOM (Australian) joined Citicorp in 1974. Currently the
Division Executive for Citicorp Global Finance - Australasia and
Chairman of Citibank Ltd. Also a director of the NSW Treasury
Corporation. He is a qualified accountant, chartered secretary and a
graduate of the Harvard Business School.
MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA
WED 01 JAN 92 00:30
PG.16
- 7 -
Citibank Limited - a full service trading bank in Australia - is a
wholly-owned subsidiary of Citicorp of the U.S.
Brian Penny
Southern Regional Manager
Data General Australia Pty. Ltd.
1000 Dorcas Street
South Melbourne, Vic. 3205
BRIAN PENNY (Australian) - held current position since mid-1990.
Worked in computer industry for 28 years with Australian computer
and 1988-89 has with NEC as Sales Manager. Educated at Melbourne High School,
companies and U.S. computer companies in Australia (Datapoint).
studied at Australian National University (ANU).
Australia Data General Australia began in 1970. Currently it has 220 employees
by 22% wide, and an annual turnover of A$50 million, which has
General is a preferred supplier to the second telecommunications
in the past 12 months, and is set to grow even further, as grow Data
network operator, Optus.
Rodney J. Harden
Managing Director
Fluor Daniel Australia Ltd.
Fluor Place
616 St. Kilda Road
Melbourne, Vic. 3004
Daniel RODNEY J. HARDEN (Australian), has been the Managing Director of
Australia since 1989. He has a significant background with Fluor BHP
Australia, Executive where (among others) he held the positions of Group
B.SC Asia-Pacific Division, and General Manager BHP Minerals. He holds a
BHP-Utah Minerals International, General Manager BHP
(Metallurgy) from the University of NSW.
specializes in engineering design and construction, construction
Fluor Daniel Australia Ltd. - A subsidiary of Fluor Corporation USA -
management, and feasibility studies, railway construction and maintenance,
general maintenance.
Graham H. Raymond
National Executive
GE Australia
P 0 Box 300
Milsons Point, NSW 2061
GRAHAM in 1986. H. RAYMOND (Australian) became National Executive GE Australia
lived Prior to that he was MD, Texas Instruments Australia. He
in the U.S. 1967-70.
NELBOURNE, HOSTRACIA
WED 01 JAN 92 00:31
PG. 17
- 8 -
Australian business is the supply of aircraft engines to all commercia
GE Australia encompasses all GE's 13 businesses. Its principal
airlines and military.
Terry Ward
Managing Director
H J Heinz (Australia) Ltd.
P.O. Box 57
Dandenong, Vic. 3175
TERRY WARD (Australian) has been with Heinz 28 years, and has
background 1987. in Sales and Marketing. He has been Chief Executive a
Prior to that he was Production Manager (Victoria), State since Sales
Victoria; Sales Director, and Chief Operating Officer. He has a
Manager (New South Wales), General Manager Marketing at Head Office ir.
Adelaide, South Australia.
Diploma of Sales and Marketing from the Institute of Technology,
H. J. Heinz (Australia) Ltd. has been manufacturing in Australia since
1935, and since 1955 at its Dandenong (Victoria) plant. It
Asia Australia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Fiji, and all of South supplies East
annual turnover of A$250 million.
from there. It currently has a staff of around 1300 and has an
William Hilliard
Managing Director
Hewlett-Packard Australia Ltd.
P O Box 221
Blackburn, Vic. 3130
WILLIAM has been HILLARD (American), has been with Hewlett Packard 23
is Managing Director of Australia since mid-1989. His years, backgroun an
Engineering from Princeton and an MBA from Harvard.
Sales and Marketing, and he holds a Bachelor of Electrical
million Hewlett Packard has over 600 staff and an annual turnover of A$350
in Australia/Nz. 98% of HP products are marketed in
the Development Arrangement, and markets Australia-wide plus Partnership in Asia
Australia. It is a member of the Australian Government fc
operations. Pacific. HP Australia is second only to Japan in its Asian/Pacifi and
T. Brian Finn, AO
General Manager, Australia & New Zealand
IBM Australia Ltd.
P O Box 400
West Pennant Hills, NSW 2120
WED 01 JAN 92 00:32
PG.18
- 9 -
BRIAN FINN (Australian - ex. U.K. citizen) Managing Director, IBM
Australia from 1980. Joined IBM UK 1959; IBM Federal Systems Division
Houston, Texas, 1973-76; Responsible for IBM in Asia and South-East
Asia 1976-1980, whilst based in New Delhi and later Hong Kong. Also
member of the Business Council of Australia and the Australian
i
Information Industries Association.
IBM Australia, began in Sydney in 1932, with 10 staff. Today IBM
development, training, and manufacture for Australian consumption and
Australia has 4,150 full time staff nation-wide, in sales, technology
export to South East Asia.
Lou J. Pucher
Vice President
Kellogg Overseas Corporation
P O Box 7606
Cloisters Square
Perth, WA 6850
Corporation since 1986. He has been with Kellogg for 25 and
LOU J. PUCHER (American), has been Vice President of Kellogg Overseas
positions held earlier include Vice President and Director years, of Worldwic
Construction, VP Construction Sales, and VP Technical Services for
Australia. Engineering, NJ. Currently he is the Chairman of AmCham Western
Construction Organization. He is a graduate of the Newark College of
Kellogg Overseas Corporation is a subsidiary of MW Kellog, Houston
Texas, a major engineering and construction firm, specializing in heav
billion. responsible for the Northwest Shelf Gas project, scope of work A$5.5
industrial process plants, gas plants and refineries. It is currently
John A. Van Steenberg
Managing Director
Kimberley-Clark of Australia P/L
P O Box 343
Milsons Point NSW 2061
Kimberley-Clark Australia in June 1990. He joined KCC in 1978.
JOHN A. VAN STEENBERG (American) was appointed Managing Dircector of
has Manufacturing, Consumer Products; and Project Manager, Jenks Mill. He of
recent KCC assignments include Mill Manager, Beech Island; Director Other
a Finance Degree and an MBA.
Kimberley-Clark owned Australia (KCA) was established in 1936. It is
washroom leader or strong participant in : facial and bathroom tissues, is
market by Kimberley-Clark Corp (KCC) USA and Amcor Australia. KCA joint1 a
office - 3 in NSW and two in South Australia, plus a
mill sites protective clothing, hospital gowns and packs. It has five
products, systems, disposable nappies and feminine care products, wipin
and sales/distribution centers in all major Australian Sydney cities. head
WED 01 JHN 92 00:33
PG.19
- 10 -
Edward G. Woods
Managing Director
Kodak (Australasia) P/L
P.O. Box 90
Coburg, Vic. 3058
EDWARD G. WOODS (Australian)
products and services,
Kodak (Australasia) Pty. Ltd. - manufactures and supplies photographic
Peter Ritchie
Chairman
McDonald's Australia Ltd.
P O Box 392
Pennant Hills, NSW 2120
See Business Council of Australia Listing page 14
Richard M. Leonard
Chairman & Managing Director
Mobil Oil Australia Ltd.
2 City Road
South Melbourne, Vic. 3205
York) RICHARD in M. LEONARD (American), MD November 1987. He joined Mobil
Mobil 1960 as a marketing trainee after serving in the USAF. After (New
Mobil Mobil Oil del Peru in 1969; MD Mobil Oil Zaire Managing (1973) MD
Director assignments of in Sudan, Nigeria and France, he became
Oil Portugal (1975) i Employee Relations Executive
York (1985). and Executive Vice President, Mobil Land Development Nigeria New
International (1981), Division (1978) ; Chairman and MD Mobil Oil for
Australia, He is a Director of the American Chamber of Commerce Corp.,
Oklahoma. and holds a BS in petroleum geology from the University of in
Mobil a marketer Oil Australia, - Subsidiary of Mobil Petroleum Co. Inc. USA - is
and refiner of petroleum products.
Chris Barter
Managing Director
Motorola Communications Australasia
666 Wellington Road
Mulgrave, Vic. 3170
Bachelor Motorla Inc., North American headquarters. has a a
CHRIS assignment BARTER in (Australian), with Motorola 10 years, including 2-year
Institute of Business and is an Assoc. Member of the Australian He
of Chartered Accountants.
- 11 -
Motorola Communications is engaged in communications and component
sales and service, systems design, consultation and manufacturing
(notably mobile phones).
Colin Hughes
Managing Director, South Pacific
Northwest Airlines
Level 16, 309 Kent Street
Sydney NSW 2000
COLIN ("COL") HUGHES (Australian), joined NWA in May 1991 after
spending 6 years with Continental Airlines as GM Australia. He was a
trainee cadet with Qantas Airways, then worked in various local and
overseas managerial positions with Cathay Pacific Airways.
Northwest Airlines (headquartered in Minneapolis, USA) now offers the
following services out of Sydney, Australia:
Sydney/Los Angeles direct three times a week, Sydney/Osaka/New York
three times a week, and Sydney/Honolulu/Los Angeles once a week.
Ken Peacock
Executive Chairman
Rockwell International Limited
99 Northbourne Avenue
Canberra, ACT 2601
KEN PEACOCK (Australian), EC of Rockwell since March 1991. Prior to
that he was Managing Director, Wormald International, and General
Manager, Metal Division, Alcoa Australia. He holds a B.Sc. majoring i
Economics from Columbia University NY.
Rockwell International (Australia) is a subsidiary of Rockwell
International Corp. USA. It manufactures, sells and services ground,
marine systems. and aviation radio communications and navigation equipment and
Mr. Anthony J. Williams
Managing Director
Upjohn Pty. Ltd.
55-73 Kirby Street
Rydalmere, NSW 2116
MR. ANTHONY J. WILLIAMS (Australian), has been with Upjohn for 24
years, becoming Managing Director in 1988.
Specializing in pharmaceuticals, Upjohn Pty. Ltd., the Australian
subsidiary of The Upjohn Co. of Kalamazoo, Mi., has operated in
Australia for 35 years.
MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA
WED 01 JAN 92 00:34
PG.21
- 12 -
3. Business Council of Australia
Brian Loton, AC - President
Deputy Chairman
The BHP Proprietary Co. Ltd.
GPO Box 86A
Melbourne, Vic. 3001
BRIAN LOTON (Australian) formerly Managing Director (appointed 1982)
and Chief Executive Officer (1984) of BHP. Retired from these
positions 5/17/91. Current directorships - National Australia Bank
Limited and IBM Asia Pacific Board. BHP, Australia's largest company
is involved in petroleum, steel and minerals and has a number of
subsidiaries based in the U.S.
John Ralph, AO - Vice President
Managing Director and CEO
CRA Limited
GPO Box 384D
Melbourne, Vic. 3001
JOHN RALPH (Australian) joined the CRA group in 1949 and was appointed
a Director in 1971, Managing Director in 1983 and Chief Executive of
CRA in 1987. He is Deputy Chairman of the Commonwealth Banking
Corporation, Chairman of Comalco and a Vice President of the
Australia-Japan Business Co-operation Committee and is a member of the
Australian Mining Industry Council. Mr. Ralph has chaired two major
Inquiries for the Commonwealth Government and served for four years as
Chairman of the Australian Manufacturing Council. He was President O:
the Melbourne Olympic Candidature 1996. CRA is one of the world's
largest mining companies. Subsidiary company, Comalco, has
subsidiaries in Arizona and Kentucky.
Peter McLaughlin
Executive Director
Business Council of Australia
100 Queens Road
Melbourne, Vic. 3004
PETER MCLAUGHLIN (Australian) holds a Bachelor of Commerce degree and
is a policy and research director with the Business Council of
Australia. He held various senior positions in the Commonwealth
Treasury 1983-86. THE BUSINESS COUNCIL OF AUSTRALIA is an industry
association conducting research and advocacy in pursuit of public
consists of most major companies in Australia.
policies conducive to economic development in Australia. Membership
Paul Barratt
Executive Director elect
Business Council of Australia
100 Queens Road
Melbourne, Vic. 3000
MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA
WED 01 JAN 92 00:35
PG.22
- 13 -
PAUL BARRATT (Australian) joins the Business Council of Australia
the following a 25 years with the Federal government. In 1966, he joined
later public service through the Joint Intelligence Bureau - Defence, ar
finally Trade. 1985-88 he was special trade representative to norther
served in Treasury, Minerals and Energy, National Resources and
Asia, and in 1991 - following the Gulf War - became special trade
Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade in June, 1991. He holds a
representative in the Gulf. He was appointed as Deputy Secretary,
Australian National University, Canberra.
B.Sc. (Hons.) University of New England (NSW), and a B.A., from
Ivan Deveson, AO - Council Member
Chairman
The Seven Network
119 Wells Street
South Melbourne, Vic. 3205
Commonwealth Bank of Australia. He holds a number of positions
IVAN DEVESON (Australian) is also a director of M.I.M. Holdings and th
including Chairman, Workplace Australia and Co-Chairman, Executive
Committee, Committee for Economic Development of Australia (CEDA). He
was named Victorian of the Year 1991. His qualifications included
Industrial Engineering, General Motors Institute (USA) and Masters
NETWORK and Chief Executive Officer of Nissan Australia. THE SEVEN
Director Degree in Management (Stanford University (USA). Formerly Managing
has television stations in all Australian capital cities.
John Prescott - Council Member
Managing Director
BHP Company of Australia
GPO Box 86A
Melbourne, Vic. 3001
director of Tubemakers of Australia Ltd. since 1988. Positions
Trainee in 1958. Appointed to present position in 1991. Also a
JOHN PRESCOTT (Australian) joined BHP as an Industrial Relations
Executive previously held with BHP include Executive General Manager & Chief
industrial relations positions at Newcastle and Whyalla.
Officer BHP Steel, General Manager Transport and various
Peter Bartels - Council Member
Chief Executive
Foster's Brewing Group Ltd.
P O Box 128
South Yarra, Vic. 3141
Ltd., of Courage Ltd., U.K. and Deputy Chairman, Carling Managing O'Keefe
PETER Director BARTELS (Australian) is also Deputy Chairman and
Canada since 1987. Former champion cyclist.
MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA
WED 01 JAN 92 00:36
PG.23
- 14 -
Richard Pratt, AO - Council Member
Chairman
Pratt Industries
42nd Floor, Rialto, South Tower
525 Collins Street
Melbourne, Vic. 3000
RICHARD PRATT (Australian) is a member of the American Enterprise
Institute (AEI). He was involved in the America's Cup in 1983 when he
raced the Victorian entrant. PRATT INDUSTRIES is involved in the
recycling of waste paper and packaging. Company has subsidiaries in
the U.S.
Peter Ritchie - Council Member
Chairman and Managing Director
McDonald's Australia Ltd.
P O Box 392
Pennant Hills, NSW 2120
PETER RITCHIE (Australian) joined McDonalds twenty years ago. He was
the first employee of the McDonald's Corporation outside the U.S. and
was appointed Managing Director of the Australian operations in 1973.
McDonald's is now the largest franchise organization in Australia. Mr
Ritchie has spent two years (1983 and 1991) as a member of the Board C
the U.S. parent company - McDonald's Corporation. He has been involve
in establishing McDonald's in most of the countries of Asia. For the
past seven years he has been Chairman of the annual Salvation Army
Doorknock Appeal. McDonald's Australia Limited now employs in excess
of 24,000 people and has more than 275 stores in operation with
national turnover expected to exceed A$7million in 1991.
Kevin Hayes - Council Member
Managing Director
Cadbury Schweppes Australia Limited
P.O. Box 6134
Melbourne, Vic. 3004
KEVIN HAYES (Australian) is also Managing Director, Cadbury
Confectionery. He is responsible for the Asia region including
manufacturing in Australia, New Zealand, Malaysia, Singapore, Indones:
and export to all other countries. He was previously employed by
Unilever Australia, 1951-1977 Managing. Director, Rosella Foods; and
Managing Director and Chairman, Campbells Soups Australia 1977-1980.
Doc. Id. 0906f
12/23/91
09:18
AUSTRALIAN EMBASSY 3RD FLOOR
001
Embassy of Australia
Public Affairs Office
1601 Massachusetts Ave., NW
Washington, DC 20036
(202) 797-3000
AUSTRALIA
FAX NUMBER: (202) 797-3049
23
Date: Ho Dec 91
Number of pages - including cover:
7
PLEASE DELIVER TO:
Name: Carol Aarhus
Location:
Dept/Room:
Fax Number: 4566218
Phone Number:
some "anecdstal" Mormation- -
more later.
PS: I couldn't let through or Friday; hence
the changed date.
FROM:
Name: Christobel Botten
Signature: Christomal
Phone Number: (202) 797 - 3373
12/23/91
09:19
AUSTRALIAN EMBASSY 3RD FLOOR
002
20 December 91
1) Melbourne was the temporary capital of the newly formed Commonwealth of Australia
(proclaimed 1 January 1901), a role It continued In until 1927.
2) In the Australian Dictionary of Quotations, John Hammond MOORE reported US Gls
thoughts of Melbourne as: "....Gls said Melbourne was half as big as New York City's largest
cemetery and twice and dead."
3) According to the Australian Embassy's Minister for Congressional Liaison, Mr Christopher
Lamb: "There are 25,000 lobbyists registered in Washington DC, which is roughly equivalent
to the number of people in uniform in the Australian Army.
4) The Melbourne Cup, Australia's top (and richest) horse race, is a holiday in Victoria. The
Cup was first run In 1861, and long before the turn of the century became a national occasion.
Throughout Australia, people stop work to watch the race on television or listen to Il on the
radio. It is run at the Flemington racecourse in Melbourne on the first Tuesday In November.
(see accompanying article by Washington Post writer Andrew Beyer).
5) The most popular exhibit In the Museum of Victoria is a stuffed and mounted carcass of
Australia's most famous racehorse, Phar Lap. In a career which began in February 1929 and
ended with his death only three years later, Phar Lap was phenomenally successful, winning
37 of his 51 races. Moreover, half the races he lost were at the very start of his career when,
according to one account, he was so under-developed that he looked like a kangaroo dog. His
big year was 1930, when he won the Melbourne Cup (see above). Bought by an American, he
was taken to the United States and was Immediately successful, winning the rich Agua
Callente Handicap In Mexico In March 1932. Two weeks later, he died suddenly at Menlo
Park, California, in such mysterious circumstances that many believed he had been poisoned.
A movie about Phar Lap was made in the late 1970s. Phar Lap's big red figure now stands
imposingly In a glass case in the middle of the museum. His out-sized heart Is preserved in a
container next to it
12/23/91
09:19
AUSTRALIAN EMBASSY 3RD FLOOR
003
6) Australia's biggest and best attended sports stadium is the Melbourne Cricket Ground
(called the MCG). In summer cricket attracts the crowds, in winter it Is Australian Rules
Football - the record is 122,000 at the 1970 grand final. The American Evangellst Billy
Graham had a big rally here in 1969 and the Pope had one in 1987.
The MCG does have some old American associations. In 1885 an American warship called
Enterprise visited Melbourne and a baseball match was staged at the MCG between sailors
from the Enterprise and a team comprising local cricketers. Then, in 1888, the American
baseball promoter A.G. Spalding brought two baseball teams to Australia, Chicago and All-
American, which played each other at the MCG. At that time cricket ball-throwing was a
popular sideline sport and the All-American pitcher, E.Crane, threw a cricket ball nearly 129
yards at the MCG breaking the Australian record by three yards. American baseball teams
continued to visit, and in 1914 the New York Glants and the Chicago White Sox played at the
MCG. The famous American sportsman Jim Thorpe distinguished himself on this occasion by
hitting the ball right out of the ground - the biggest hit ever seen at the MCG according to the
ground's historian.
7) Melbourne is the home town of Olivia Newton-John and the late (but V. famous in Australia)
Nellie Melba, a soprano (for whom a French chef created a Peach Melba dessert!) who took
her stage name from her home city (her real name was Nellie Mitchell).
12/23/91
09:20
AUSTRALIAN EMBASSY 3RD FLOOR
004
Australlan Centre for American Studies
According to John Melhulsh in Sydney (former Australlan Consul General in San Francisco),
who faxed on 10 October 1991 the following information to Mr Peter Curtis, the Australian
Consul General in New York, this Centre is:
"a new initiative to facilitate co-operation between the government, business and academic
communities of Australia and the United States. The Centre is supported by both the
Australian and the US Governments. Mr John Ralph, AO [Officer of the Order of Australia], is
the Foundation Chairman."
Mr Melhulsh has been the Secretary of the Centre pending the appointment of an Executive
Director, now being advertised.
The Centre is to be based at Sydney University.
We understand the USIA has some link with the Centre, and has already given $55,000
towards its establishment.
12/23/91
09:20
AUSTRALIAN EMBASSY 3RD FLOOR
005
TUXWORTH, Ian Lindsay
commands an attention, an interest, and an enthusiasm
Tous
which are universal and spontaneous, not perfunctory. Cup
1942-
On Sydney
Day is supreme it has no rival. I can call to mind no
Their ver)
To:o2
The role of Qantas in the promotion of tourism in Australia
specialised annual day, in any country, which can be named
city beco
can be summed up as that of a condom on the penis of
by that large name ALEM Supreme. I can call to mind no
handsomer
specialised annual day, in any country, whose approach fires
progress.
Sydney Morning Herald, 16 September 1983, and
the whole land with a conflagration of conversation, and
preparation, and anticipation, and jubilation. No day save
Tor16
personal communication from author.
this one; but this one does it.
The most :
The Minister for Primary Production and Community
Development in the Northern Territory government made this
lbid., p. 104.
thoroughly
state of dés
remark at a business seminar in Brisbane on 15 September
To:08
dress-cloth
1983.
Australian history is almost always picturesque; indeed, it is
so curious and strange, that it is itself the chiefest novelty the
TWAIN, Mark
country has to offer and so it pushes the other novelties into
Ton7
[Samuel Langhorne Clemens]
second and third place. It does not read like history, but like
(...) it canr
the most beautiful lies; and all of a fresh new sort, no mouldy
before eve
1835-1910
old stale ones. It is full of surprises and adventures, and
Toro3
incongruities, and contradictions, and incredibilities; but
Ton8
He said that the only game bird in Australia was the wombat,
they are all true, they all happened.
On wealth
and the only song bird the larrikin, and that both were
lbid., p. 107.
The idea
protected by Government.
surroundi
More Tramps Abroad (London, 1897; p. 59.
Toroy
By and by there was a result; and I think it may be called the
uncommo
Toto4
finest thing in Australasian history. It was 8 revolution -
amply sat:
Sydney has a population of 400,000. When a stranger from
small in size, but great politically; it was a strike for liberty, a
his inco,
America steps ashore there, the first thing that strikes him is
struggle for a principle, a stand against injustice and
Australian
that the place is eight times as large as he W88 expecting it to
oppression. It was the Barons and John over again; it was
often his
be; and the next thing that strikes him is that it is an English
Hampden and Ship-Money; it was Concord and Lexington;
city with American trimmings. Later on, in Melbourne, he
small beginnings, all of them, but all of them great in
Tono
will find the American trimmings still more in evidence;
political results, all of them epoch-making.
On the she
there, even the architecture will often suggest America; a
Unfortuna
photograph of its stateliest business street might be passed
It is another instance of 8 victory won by a lost baule. It
of the poo
upon him for a picture of the finest street in a large
adds an honourable page to history; the people know it and
some inex:
American city.
are proud of it. They keep green the memory of the men
high wage
Ibid., p. 75.
who fell at Bureka Stockede, and Peter Lalor has his
to underta
Toros
monument.
the love of
The Australians did not seem to me to differ noticeably from
Ibid., p. 155.
hard worl
Americans, either in dress, carriage, ways, pronunciation,
freedom 0
inflections, or general appearance. There were fleeting and
TWOPENY, Richard Ernest Nowell
subtle suggestions of their English origin, but these were not
1857-1915
Torzo
pronounced enough, as a rule, to catch one's attention. The
On servan
people have easy and cordial manners from the beginning -
Torro
It is in vai
from the moment that the introduction is completed. This is
On Australian cities:
better will
American. To put it in another way, it is English friendliness
The first prevailing impression is that a slice of Liverpool
has been bodily transplanted to the Antipodes [...]
they acquired
with the English shyness and self-consciousness left out.
Town Life in Australia (London, 1883), p. 1.
winds [...]
lbid., PP. 76-77.
colonial E
Toro6
Tom
midst whi
Now comes a singular thing; the oddest thing, the strangest
On Melbourne buildings:
upon the
thing, the most baffling and unaccountable marvel that
Of the architecture, as a rule, the less said the better [...]
'larrikinis
Australasia can show. At the frontier, between New South
Ibid., p. 11.
Wales and Victoria, our multitude of passengers were routed
Torrs
TO121
out of their snug beds by lantern-light in the morning in the
On Melbourne girls:
On coloni
biting cold of a high altitude to change cars on a road that
Melbourne is said to have the prettiest girls in Australia. I am
Of course
has no break in it from Sydney to Melbourne! Think of the
no judge. On first arrival their sallow complexions strike you
man who
paralysis of intellect that gave that idea birth; imagine the
most disagreeably, and it is some time before you will allow
would in
boulder it emerged from on some petrified legislator's
that there is a pretty girl in the country.
poor, all t
shoulders.
Ibid., pp. 17-18.
weather.
Ibid., p. 91.
Ton3
T0107
Everybody has a well-to-do look. [...] You can sec that
To:22
The Melbourne Cup is the Australasian National Day. It
bread-and-butter never enters into the cares of these people;
On drunk
would be difficult to overstate its importance, It overshadows
it is only the cake which is sometimes endangered, or has not
Here it is
all other holidays and specialised days of whatever sort in
sufficient plums in it.
drinks. N
that congeries of colonies. Overshadows them? I might
lbid., p. 18.
are well-
almost say it blots them out. Each of them gets attention, but
not everybody's; each of them evokes interest, but not
Tont4
do not,
everybody's; each of them rouses enthusiasm, but not
On Sydney:
reports.
everybody's; in each case a part of the attention, interest, and
I suppose that nearly everyone has heard of the beauties of
drinks!" b
enthusiasm is a matter of habit and custom, and another part
Sydney Harbour [...]
be known
of it is official and perfunctory. Cup Day, and Cup Day only,
One feels quite angry with the town for being so
reputation
unworthy of its site 1...}
lbid, pp. 19-20.
268
12/23/91
09:21
AUSTRALIAN EMBASSY
3RD
FLOOR
006
ANDREW
Feathers and Ascots
Run Neck and Neck
MELBOURNE
t recetracks around the
A
world, the most-asked
question is "Who do you
like?" or variations upon that
theme. But in Australia there is
& query that runs a close second:
"What are you wearing?"
Even though the Ausales rank
among the world's most
passionate gamblers, horse
Washington Post racing
racing here isn't merely a
columnist Andrew Deyer
hard-core gambling event. The
has gone off to Australia
W. Post
races are a party and a fashion
for three months to sample
show too-especially during
the sport Down Under.
springtime in Melbourne.
When historians list the great
9.11.90
moments in racing history here
nationally recognized event that
they start with Phar Lap's
even schoolgirls may dress up
victory in the 1930 Melbourne
especially to emulate the
Cup. Carbine's win in 1890 and
glamorous ladies at the track.
Jean Shrimpton's dress in 1965.
Virtually all of the 50,000
(The world-famous model
people at Flemington today
arrived at the high-toned
looked as if they had given
members' enclosure wearing a
months of thought to their
simple white shift that stopped
outfits for the day. Almost every
at mid-thigh. The country was
woman wore R bat-the larger
momentarily scandalized-then
and more outrageous the better.
the miniskirt craze was born.)
One wore a hat supporting a
But even in the boondocks,
champagne bottle: another wore
racegoors are style conscious.
a hat consisting of a wicker
As an unprepared American
coronet, And there were more
visitor. I was incredulous the
feathers stop heads at
first time I witnessed a ritual
Flemington today than could be
known as "fashions in the field"
found in the aviary of the Royal
at a humble little country track
Melbourne Zoo.
in the town of Ballarat.
Toddlers in strollers wore fancy
The feature race had been
outfits. And even counterculture
run, and after three horses
types who might have rejected the
wound up in an excruciatingly
formality of the day felt they had
tight photo finish, a stewards
to make a fashion statement, such
inquiry was posted involving all
as several men who wore tuxedo
three. Most tracks would have
jackets, formal shirts, shorts and
been abuzz with discussions of
sneakers. While I had been
the inquiry, but instead an
prepared by trips to the Kentucky
announcement came that It was
Derby for the carnival atmosphere
time for "fashions in the field."
of Tuesday's Melbourne Cup, I
A parade of well-dressed
have never known anything like
women, invariably wearing large
the Oaks. It was the most colorful
hats, mounted aplatform in front
and glamorous day of racing I
of the grandstand, where a panel
have ever seen-and I've seen
judged the outfits. This activity
quite a few.
went on for 20 or 30 minutes,
The whole social and
during which time there was no
fashion-conscious aspect of
mention of the inquiry.
Australian racing reveals a great
I imagined the same scene at
deal about the nature of the sport
Aqueduct: Deranged
here, and comparisons arise,
horseplayers would have been
in the United States, dress
shrieking obscenities and setting
represents the sharp division of
fire to trash cans by now. But
racetrack patrons along social
bere everybody politely
lines. At Belmont Park on any
applauded the winning lady in
given day the crowd will consist
the big hat before-learning that
of two basic groups: 1) the rich,
the winning horse's number
who come to socialize in the turf
would stay up.
club and the box-seat area, and
Having learned that dressing
who dress for the occasion; and
for à day at Flemington isn't
2) the masses who come to
quite like dressing for a day at
gamble and see no need to dress
Laurel, my wife. Susan,
for the occasion.
consulted a Melbourne friend
In Australia, racing always has
before this trip and asked what
appealed to a broader segment
one wears to the races, This, it
of society. In rural parte of the
turned out, was a matter full of
country, where the inhabitants
subtleties.
live long distances from each
"On Derby day," she was
other, a race meeting often is a
instructed, "dress tends to be
major social event, and even if it
more formal-you'll see a lot of
consists of a few cheap races run
blacks and whites. Melbourne
in a dust storm or in searing
Cup day you can do anything
heat, It is an excuse for all the
outrageous-a skirt aplit up to
people in the region to don their
your ears if you like. The big day
finery and socialize.
is the Oaks, and you're a
At a track here, a gentlemen in
12/23/91
09:22
AUSTRALIAN EMBASSY
3RD FLOOR
007
BUSINESS NEWS UPDATE
The Australian Connection
Short Takes
Good Health
our primary aluminum production has been the
Mr. Richard Seddon
greatest growth arca in the sector in recent years.
Upjohn Corporation, a US-based Drug Company
Investment Commissioner/
We have substantial reserves of copper, lead,
has acquired Delta West Ltd., an Australian Com-
North America
zinc, nickel and tin: and in uranium. We are the
pany specializing in hospital products. This move
world's largest exporter of the products of min-
was taken as part of a strategic plan to expand The
T
he proposed visit of President Bush 10
eral sands including rutile, ilmenite, zircon and
Upjohn Company's business internationally.
Australia towards the end of the year
monozite; and finally. we are the world's fastest
How Sweet It Is!
brings into focus the relationship be-
A new additive, for an array of sugar products from
tween our two countries - a relationship which
soft drinks to chocolate, has been discovered by the
has successfully weathered the political and
University of Melbourne. Casein phosphopeptide,
economic storms of recent years and which has
a soluble protein which is extracted from milk,
led to even closer ties resulting not only in
reportedly prevents tooth decay and would aid the
Australia sending troops to the Gulf - an event
dental health of children on high sugar diets.
which has prompted the President's visit - but
in all manner of business and investment part-
Low Cholesterol-High Hopes
nerships. Given the changes which have OC-
Scientists at the University of Queensland have
curred in the Soviet Union, the US now stands
discovered a system to remove cholesterol-loaded
alone as a great superpower in both military and
fats from the blood stream and lower the risk of
economic terms. While it would be stretching
heart disease. The procedure of "vacuuming" the
the imagination to describe Australia as a super-
blood is described as "a major breakthrough" which
power, we do possess an impressive range of
will give heart patients an alternative to drugs and
competitive advantages that position Australia
diet in which to work. The treatment would take
as a serious contender for North America con-
about an hour and may need to be repeated every
porates to consider as a secure and stable site for
few months.
off-shore operations. These competitive advan-
Murky Mercury
tages not only stem from vast reserves of energy
and natural resources which are fueling industry
CSIRO researchers have discovered a new tech-
and feeding people around the world, but also
nique for recovering mercury from waste filled
from Australia's intellectual capital.
water which is safer and more cost effective than
Richard Seddon
making the right Connection
Australia's competitive advantages under-
existing processes. Mercury waste can be re-
pin our present and future opportunities for
growing gold producer and the home of the
covered and re-used rather than being discarded
international investment and position our nation
world's largest diamond mine.
into sewers and waterways. making it safer and
as a leading player in the Asia Pacific region -
AGRIBUSINESS. The products of our
more environmentally friendly.
one that increasingly depends upon Australian
agribusinesses continue to feed the world. Food
Chipping Away
resources and know-how to supply and develop
processing and manufacturing contributes some
The Potato Cup Company of Queensland has
their rapidly growing industries.
20% of our total national income.
developed a new fast food container to satisfy both
As more and more companies like IBM. Sara
INTELLECTUAL ASSETS. Australia
the palate and the environment. The potato cup is
Lee and Heinz invest down under, they are
possesses leading edge research capabilities
made of potato flour and secret herbs and spices.
tapping into a vast array of natural resources
through its comprehensive network of universi-
The edible container, which will hold not chips, is
while utilizing a logical platform from which to
ties, private sector facilities. and laboratories of
environmentally-friendly because if thrown away
share in the opportunities that abound in the
public organizations such as Telecom, the Com-
it can be caten by animals and insects or it will rot
Asia Pacific region. Just how super are some of
monwcalth Scientific and Industrial Research
back to organic matter.
these assets? Consider the following inventory.
Organization. and the Defence Science and
Technology Organization. When combined
Wool Done
OIL. Australia is a net energy exporter
that now supplies 85% of domestic crude re-
with our highly educated. skilled and technical
Australian Researchers have created an en-
quirements. Our petroleum exports total over
workforce, Australia provides a unique research
vironmentally friendly process using low grade
US$1.7 billion, going mainly to the United
and high tech manufacturing environment from
wool as a building insulator. The Wool is used as
States, Japan and Singapore. Under contracts
which North American companies can access
an alternative to fiberglass and other uses include
awarded by the Australian Government 17 oil
the Asia Pacific region - the fastest growing
protective clothing for those who work in high
companies are currently spending US$97 mil-
market in the world.
temperatures such as firemen, miners and smelter
lion on exploration of new Australian reserves.
We bid President Bush a hearty welcome 10
workers. It also reduces air-conditioning costs and
GAS. Australia's reserves of Natural
Australia. Likewise we extend to you and your
creates new export opportunities which could re-
Gas are estimated to be sufficient to serve
company a warm invitation to come and inves-
vive the wool market.
domestic needs well into the next century.
ligate the enomous potential of Australia. In
Defence Expense
COAL. Coal is the country's major
fact. manufacturers interested in the Australian
US Defence Companies please note, the Defence
commodity export earner and accounts for an
Connection should contact the Office of the
Departments of both Australia and New Zealand
estimated A$6 billion in annual export revenue.
Australian Investment Commissioner. We will
have released their forecast of defence capital
Although the 8th largest producer in the world
supply you with information on Australia as an
equipment requirements for the next 5 years. The
Australia is number one in export. Most impor-
investment opportunity and will assist you with
forecast will cover minor capital items, having no
tantly, Australian coal is relatively sulphur free.
the facility of the transactions if you decide to
defence policy or joint service implications. It
MINERAL RESOURCES. Australia
establish business there.
encompasses 113 Australian items up to a maxi-
is the world's largest exporter of iron ore, and
I cannot telephone you, so please telephone
mum value of $A20 million and New Zealand items
the 3rd largest producer. We are the world's
me. 1 look forward to your call and to meeting
valued at less than $NZ3 million.
largest Aluminum and Bauxite producer, and
with you.
(continued on page 4)
U.S. and Asia
REVEST
Statistical Handbook
7:
/
1991
Edition
Compiled by
Kenneth J. Conboy
with
Henry M. Butler
and
William Randolph Jack
The Heritage Foundation
Asian Studies Center
The
Heritage Foundation
The Heritage Foundation was established in 1973 as a nonpartisan, tax-exempt
policy research institute dedicated to the principles of free competitive enterprise,
limited government, individual liberty, and a strong national defense. The Founda-
tion's research and study programs are designed to make the voices of responsible
conservatism heard in Washington, D.C., throughout the United States, and in the
capitals of the world.
Heritage publishes its research in a variety of formats for the benefit of policy
makers, the communications media, the academic, business and financial commu-
nities, and the public at large. Over the past five years alone The Heritage Foundation
has published some 1,000 books, monographs, and studies, ranging in size from the
953-page government blueprint, Mandate for Leadership III: Policy Strategies for the
1990s, to more frequent "Critical Issues" monographs and the topical "Back-
grounders" and "Issue Bulletins" of a dozen pages. At the start of 1981, Heritage
published the 1,093-page Mandate for Leadership: Policy Management in a Conser-
vative Administration. Heritage's other regular publications include National Secu-
rity Record, Education Update, and Policy Review, a quarterly journal of analysis and
opinion.
In addition to the printed word, Heritage regularly brings together national and
international opinion leaders and policy makers to discuss issues and ideas in a con-
tinuing series of seminars, lectures, debates, and briefings.
Heritage is classifed as a Section 501(c)(3) organization under the Internal Revenue
Code of 1954, and is recognized as a publicly supported organization described in
Section 509(a)(1) and 170(b)(1)(A)(vi) of the Code. Individuals, corporations, com-
panies, associations, and foundations are eligible to support the work of The Heritage
Foundation through tax-deductible gifts.
Note: Nothing written here is to be construed as necessarily reflecting the views of The
Heritage Foundation or as an attempt to aid or hinder the passage of any bill before
Congress.
The Heritage Foundation
214 Massachusetts Avenue, N.E.
Washington, D.C. 20002
U.S.A.
(202) 546-4400
U.S. and Asia
Statistical Handbook
1991 Edition
Compiled by
Kenneth J. Conboy
with
Henry M. Butler
and
William Randolph Jack
Kenneth J. Conboy is the Deputy Director of The Heritage Foundation's
Asian Studies Center.
Henry M. Butler and William Randolph Jack were Research Interns at The
Heritage Foundation's Asian Studies Center during the summer of 1991.
Thomas J. Timmons, The Heritage Foundation's Art Editor, created the
charts and maps in this publication.
ISBN 0-89195-228-4
Copyright © 1991 by The Heritage Foundation
ii
Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION
1
EXPLANATORY NOTES
4
MAPS AND CHARTS
6
COUNTRY PAGES
AUSTRALIA
16
BANGLADESH
18
BHUTAN
20
BRUNEI
22
BURMA
24
CAMBODIA
26
CHINA, PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF
28
CHINA, REPUBLIC OF
30
FIJI
32
HONG KONG
34
INDIA
36
INDONESIA
38
JAPAN
40
KIRIBATI
42
iii
KOREA, NORTH
44
KOREA, SOUTH
46
LAOS
48
MACAU
50
MALAYSIA
52
MALDIVES
54
MONGOLIA
56
NEPAL
58
NEW CALEDONIA
60
NEW ZEALAND
62
PAKISTAN
64
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
66
THE PHILIPPINES
68
SINGAPORE
70
SOLOMON ISLANDS
72
SRI LANKA
74
THAILAND
76
VANUATU
78
VIETNAM
80
WESTERN SAMOA
82
iv
INTRODUCTION
Nowhere in the world is economic and political dynamism more evi-
dent than in Asia. In Japan and the Newly Industrialized Countries (NICs)
of Hong Kong, the Republic of China on Taiwan, Singapore and South
Korea, strong economic growth has become standard. According to the In-
ternational Management Development Institute and World Economic Fed-
eration, two of the top five countries in the world with the highest growth
potential for the future are South Korea and Japan. In 1990, Seoul's Gross
Domestic Product (GDP) increased 8.6 percent while Tokyo's rose 4.9 per-
cent. Furthermore, in December 1990, Japan recorded its fiftieth consecu-
tive month of economic expansion. Meanwhile, the island nations of Sin-
gapore and Taiwan continued keeping pace, posting 1990 growth rates of
8.3 percent and 5.2 percent respectively. Hong Kong also registered a posi-
tive growth figure of 2.3 percent, despite continued unease about the Brit-
ish colony's pending 1997 return to Mainland China.
What's more, the economic miracle is spreading to Southeast Asia. A
second wave of "little dragons," namely Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thai-
land, are enjoying record economic growth. Over the past three years, the
vibrant Malaysian and Thai economies have expanded at an annual rate of
over 8 and 11 percent respectively, among the fastest in the world. This
year Malaysia and Thailand are predicted to grow at 8.5 percent and 7.4
percent respectively. The world's fifth most populous nation, Indonesia,
has also seen growth increase, with 1990's growth rate topping 6.5 percent.
While rapid industrialization in these nations will not come without infla-
tion, urban overcrowding, and disparate regional development, the spread
of Asia's economic dynamos guarantees that the Pacific Rim will replace
the North Atlantic as the center of world trade in this century's final decade.
DEMOCRATIC CHANGES
Asia's collective economic surge is rivaled in intensity only by political
change in the region. On the South Asian subcontinent for example,
Bangladesh and Nepal are making unprecedented strides toward democ-
racy. India, meanwhile, rebounded from the assassination of Rajiv Gandhi
to reconfirm itself as a resilient democracy.
1
In Southeast Asia, several nations face imminent political change. Thai-
land and the Philippines have elections set for next spring. Indonesia has a
key election scheduled for the following year; it could usher in the first
new president in a quarter of a century.
In Northeast Asia, Japan, long a linchpin of U.S. foreign policy in Asia,
is expected to have a new government by next year. Regardless of who the
next Japanese leader is, he will not be able to escape the mounting interna-
tional and domestic pressures to define Tokyo's world role. Whether or not
that role includes greater diplomatic initiatives or is limited largely to finan-
cial contributions, it is clear that Japan seeks a greater voice in shaping
world events in general, and in Asia in particular.
While democracy spreads its roots throughout Asia, the Far East also
has the dubious distinction of having a near monopoly on the world's re-
maining communist nations. In the People's Republic of China, nearly 20
percent of the world's population remains captive to a regime that persists
in violating human rights and blocking political and economic liberaliza-
tion. Communist regimes also rule Laos, North Korea, and Vietnam, while
communist factions are certain to dominate any coalition in Cambodia. As
these residual communist outposts come under pressure to reform, the po-
tential for instability remains.
AMERICA'S ROLE
For the United States, the economic and political changes taking place
in Asia have several implications. First, Washington now faces a new cast
of Asian leaders, many of whom lack the special ties that Asian leaders
forged with America immediately after World War II; the relationships
Washington develops with this new generation of leaders will affect pro-
foundly the future of both America and Asia. Second, Washington con-
fronts the question of free and fair trade with Asia as part of the greater
issue of making American goods more competitive in foreign markets.
Most important, perhaps, is the need for Washington to determine
America's place in Asia in the 1990s. Specifically, Washington must chose
whether to maintain a stabilizing military presence in Asia or withdraw the
bulk of its forces from the region.
To help policy makers and the public understand these and other issues
facing this vital region, The Heritage Foundation has compiled key social,
economic, political and military statistics on 34 countries and territories in
Asia. In addition, a special appendix was added to this edition, detailing
Asia-Pacific support for Operation Desert Shield/Storm. The sixth in a se-
ries published by the Asian Studies Center, this handbook updates U.S. and
Asia Statistical Handbook, 1990 Edition.
2
SOURCES UTILIZED
The basic sources used in compiling this year's Handbook include: the
Far Eastern Economic Review's Yearbook, the International Institute
of Strategic Studies' The Military Balance 1989-1990, the International
Monetary Fund's International Financial Statistics Yearbook and Direc-
tion of Trade Statistics Yearbook, the Central Intelligence Agency's World
Factbook, the World Bank's World Development Report and World Bank
Atlas, the U.S. Department of State's Country Reports on Economic Pol-
icy and Trade Practices, the Department of Commerce's Survey of Cur-
rent Business, the Pacific Economic Cooperation Conference's Pacific
Economic Outlook, Freedom House's Freedom in the World 1990-1991,
the Agency for International Development's Congressional Presenta-
tion, the Asian Development Bank's Asian Development Outlook 1991
and Comwell Systems' PC-GLOBE 3.0 computer program. In addition,
newspaper and magazine articles, foreign research organizations and for-
eign government reports were all utilized to fill in the gaps in the informa-
tion coverage. The most widely used periodicals used were: the Asian Wall
Street Journal, The Bangkok Post, the Far Eastern Economic Review,
Asiaweek, The Japan Economic Journal, The Japan Times, Korea
BusinessWorld and TradeKorea.
Kenneth J. Conboy
Deputy Director
Asian Studies Center
Henry M. Butler
Research Intern
Asian Studies Center
William Randolph Jack
Research Intern
Asian Studies Center
3
EXPLANATORY NOTES
LAND
Total Area is in square miles.
Land Use: Cultivated land is the percentage of total area used for either
permanent or seasonal crops. Pasture includes all land that is actively
used to graze livestock.
POPULATION
Total Population: Mid-year 1990 estimate.
Infant Mortality: Number of deaths prior to one year of age per 1,000 live
births in 1990.
Literacy: Percentage of adults with a functional reading ability in domi-
nant native language in 1990.
Life Expectancy: Average number of years to be lived for persons born in
1990.
Fertility: Average number of children born per woman in her life.
ECONOMY
Currency: Market rate year-end 1990 value, unless noted.
GDP: Gross Domestic Product-Measures total production of goods and
services of a country.
GNP: Gross National Product-GDP adjusted for international transac-
tions, such as trade.
Growth: Real GNP or GDP increase, adjusted for inflation.
CPI: Consumer Price Index-Increase in cost of living.
Per Capita GNP: GNP divided by the population, an aggregate measure-
ment of average personal income.
Cur Account: Current Account Balance-Overall balance in the trade of
goods, services, investment income and government grants and gifts.
Note: Figures for GNP, Current Account and Trade are all given in Current
Dollars; no adjustment has been made for the varying value of the dollar
due to inflation or currency revaluations
4
POLITICAL
Last names (family) are in CAPITAL letters.
Voting with U.S. at the U.N.: Totals for 44th General Assembly session,
from September to December 1989, indicating percentage agreement
on votes on which both countries voted either yes or no (absences and
abstentions are not included).
Freedom House: Index from Freedom In The World: 1990-1991.
U.S. Foreign Economic Assistance: Includes Direct Assistance, Eco-
nomic Support Funds, Food Aid, Anti-Narcotics Aid, and Peace Corps.
U.S. Foreign Military Assistance: Includes International Military Educa-
tion and Training, Military Assistance Program and Foreign Military
Sales.
MILITARY
Military Budget Increase: Change in U.S. dollar value.
Regular Forces and Reserves: Does not include militias.
U.S. Military Personnel: Number of U.S. personnel based in country.
Foreign Military Personnel: Each country with forces present is indicated
and broken down when known.
Armed Opposition Groups: Only included are active insurgent and/or
terrorist groups. Non-English names are in italics.
INVESTMENT
Amount represents year end Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) position.
Negative numbers represent net withdrawals of capital.
5
CHARTS AND MAPS
Chart 1
Total Population
1990
Malaysia
PRC
17.6
S.Korea
43.4
Thailand
66.1
Philippines
66.1
Vietnam
Japan
66.2
Pakistan
India
Indonesia
114.7
Japan
123.6
Other
Indonesia
190.1
USA
251
India
849.8
PRC
1118.2
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
Millions of People
Heritage DataChart
ROC: Republic of China on Taiwan
PRC: People's Republic of China
6
Chart 2
Declining Infant Mortality
1987 and 1990
Japan
Australia
ROC
S.Korea
N.Korea
PRC
Thailand
Vietnam
Indonesia
India
Pakistan
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Deaths per 1000 live births
1990
1987
Heritage DataChart
Chart 3
Gross Domestic Product
1990
Singapore
$34.8
Malaysia
U.S. GDP: $5,423 billion
$42.6
Philippines
$46.48
Japan GDP: $2,963 billion
Hong Kong
$70
Thailand
$79.3
Indonesia
$98.3
ROC
$162.1
S.Korea
$223.8
India
$276.3
Australia
$310.6
PRC
$368
$0
$100
$200
$300
$400
Billions of US$
Heritage DataChart
7
Chart 4
Per Capita Gross Domestic Product
1990
Vietnam
0.22
PRC
0.33
India
0.33
Indonesia
0.51
Philippines
0.7
Thailand
1.44
Malaysia
2.43
S.Korea
5.14
ROC
7.89
Singapore
12.72
Hong Kong
12.16
Australia
18.36
USA
21.17
Japan
23.96
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Thousands of US$
Heritage DataChart
Chart 5
Average Annual Economic Growth
1984-1990
Philippines
2%
Bangladesh
3.4%
Japan
4.6%
Indonesia
4.9%
India
6.7%
Hong Kong
6%
Pakistan
6.1%
Thailand
8.1%
ROC
8.2%
PRC
9%
S.Korea
9.9%
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
GPD Annual Average Increase
Heritage DataChart
8
Chart 6
Defense Spending
1990
Philippines
$1.05
Indonesia
$1.48
U.S. Defense Spending: US$ 291.4 billion
Singapore
$1.64
Thailand
$2.04
Vietnam
$2.5
Pakistan
$2.89
N.Korea
$4.16
PRC
$6.13
ROC
$8.66
India
$9.25
S.Korea
$10.89
Japan
$28.12
$0
$5
$10
$15
$20
$25
$30
$35
Billions of US$
Heritage DataChart
Chart 7
Defense Spending as a Share of
Gross National Product: 1990
Japan
1%
PRC
1.6%
Australia
2.2%
Thailand
2.8%
India
3.3%
S.Korea
4.7%
USA
5.4%
ROC
5.4%
Singapore
5.6%
Pakistan
7%
Indonesia
7.3%
Vietnam
20%
N.Korea
24%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
Percent of GNP
Heritage DataChart
9
Chart 8
U.S. Trade Deficit with Asia
Billions of US$
$70
$60
$50
$40
$30
$20
$10
$0
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
S.Korea
Hong Kong
ROC
Japan
Heritage DataChart
Chart 9
Trade with U.S. as a Share
of Total Trade, 1990
India
14%
Thailand
15%
Hong Kong
16%
Australia
17%
Malaysia
18%
PRC
18%
S.Korea
26%
Japan
27%
Philippines
30%
ROC
30%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
Heritage DataChart
10
THE ASIA-PACIFIC REGION
1000 Nautical Miles
USSR
MONGOLIA
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC
NKOREA
OF CHINA
S'KOREA
JAPAN
(PRC)
PAKISTAN
NEPAL
BHUTAN
PACIFIC OCEAN
INDIA
BANG
REPUBLIC OF CHINA
BURMA
(ROC)
MACHONG
LAO
0
KONG
THAI
THE PHILIPPINES
CAM
VIETNAM
SRI
DO
10.
LANKA
11
BRUNEI
MALAYSIA
SING
4
PAPUA
°6
MALDIVES
INDONESIA
00
NEW
SOLOMON
S
GUINEA
ISLANDS
KIRIBATI
WESTERN
INDIAN OCEAN
VANUATU
0°,
SAMOA
FUI
AUSTRALIA
NEW
CALEDONIA
NEW ZEALAND
Note: Boundary representations are not necessarily authoritative.
CHINA AND NORTHEAST ASIA
Sea of Okhotsk
500 Nautical Miles
USSR
Occupied by USSR
Claimed by Japan
Ulan Bator
MONGOLIA
Sea of Japan
JAPAN
Beijing
NORTH KOREA
Pyongyang
Tokyo
Yellow Sea
Seoul
12
Indian Claim
SOUTH KOREA
00
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
(PRC)
us
0
PACIFIC OCEAN
INDIA
Taipei
o
REPUBLIC OF CHINA
(ROC)
BURMA
HONG KONG
(MYANMAR)
VIETNAM
MACAO (U.K.)
LAOS
(Portugal)
THE PHILIPPINES
THAILAND
Note: Boundary representations are not necessarily authoritative.
SOUTH ASIA
Indian Claim
250 Nautical Miles
AFGHANISTAN
Islamabad
Line of
Control
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
PAKISTAN
NEPAL
BHUTAN
New Delhi
Kathmandu
Thimphu
BANGLADESH
Dhaka
0
BURMA
INDIA
(MYANMAR)
13
INDIAN OCEAN
Bay of Bengal
0
0
D
INDIAN OCEAN
900800
0°
SRI
LANKA
MALDIVES
o
Colombo
0
Male
Note: Boundary representations are not necessarily authoritative.
:
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC
SOUTHEAST ASIA
OF CHINA
Taipei;
500 Nautical Miles
(PRC)
BURMA
REPUBLIC OF CHINA
do
Hanoi
(ROC)
(MYANMAR)
HONG KONG (U.K.)
LAOS
MACAO (Portugal)
Vientiane
PACIFIC OCEAN
Rangoon
THAILAND
Manila
Bangkok
VIETNAM
CAMBODIA
D
Phnom Penh
14
THE PHILIPPINES
MALAYSIA
Bandar Seri
Begawan
BRUNEI
Kuala Lumpur
MALAYSIA
PAPUA
SINGAPORE
NEW
GUINEA
INDONESIA
INDIAN OCEAN
Jakarta
80
INDONESIA
2
Note: Boundary representations are not necessarily authoritative.
AUSTRALIA, NEW ZEALAND AND OCEANIA
1000 Nautical Miles
PAPUA
KIRIBATI
INDONESIA
NEW,
SOLOMON
GUINEA
a
ISLANDS
Port Moresby
VANUATU
Coral Sea
15
FIJI
NEW
AUSTRALIA
CALEDONIA
(France)
WESTERN SAMOA
PACIFIC OCEAN
Canberra
INDIAN OCEAN
Tasman Sea
NEW ZEALAND
Wellington
#
.
Note: Boundary representations are not necessarily authoritative.
AUSTRALIA
LAND
Area: 2,968,200 square miles
Cultivated: 2.5%
Forest: 14%
Pasture: 58%
Resources: bauxite, coal, copper, iron ore, tin, silver, uranium, nickel, mineral sands,
lead, zinc, diamonds, natural gas, oil
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 16,923,000
Annual Growth: 1.3%
Life Expectancy: 77 years
Literacy: 98.5%
Infant Mortality: 8
Fertility: 1.8
Ethnic Divisions: Caucasian: 95%, Asian: 4%, Aboriginal: 1%
Workforce: 8,410,000
Unemployment: 7.5%
Commerce and Services: 61.2%
Manufacturing: 14.3%
Agriculture and Fishing: 5.0%
Construction: 7.0%
Government and Public Authorities: 4.4%
Students:Primary and Secondary: 3,010,000
University: 441,100
POLITICAL
Official Name: COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA
Capital: Canberra
Type of Government: Federal Parliamentary State
Chief of State: Queen Elizabeth II
Head of Government: Prime Minister Robert HAWKE
Foreign Minister: Gareth EVANS
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 1 Civil Liberties: 1
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: 40.79%
FY 1991 U.S. Foreign Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: none
Military: none
ECONOMY
Currency: Australian dollar, 1 US$ = 1.29A$ (1990)
Major Industries: mining, iron and steel, industrial equipment, food processing, textiles,
aircraft, ships, chemicals
Major Agricultural Products: wheat, barley, oats, corn, hay, lamb,beef, sugarcane, dairy
products, wine, fruit, vegetables
Major Imports: machinery, manufactures, transport equipment, chemicals, petroleum,
metal goods, textiles and clothing
Major Exports: wheat, coal, wool, iron ore, metal manufactures, meat, dairy products
Per Capita GDP: US$ 18,350 (1990)
16
AUSTRALIA
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Billions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
166.51
168.07
175.46
216.48
274.53
283.99
310.53
Growth
7.2%
5.1%
2.0%
4.7%
3.7%
4.0%
4.3%
CPI Rise
4.0%
6.7%
9.1%
8.5%
7.2%
7.6%
6.0%
Exports
23.875
22.611
22.541
26.330
32.751
37.037
39.117
to U.S.
2.899
3.076
2.873
3.287
3.856
4.196
4.4
Imports
23.423
23.499
23.839
27.053
33.334
40.941
38.942
from U.S.
4.793
5.440
5.551
5.495
6.981
8.347
8.5
CurAccount
-8.549
-8.717
-9.724
-8.772
-10.946
-15.6
-14.246
Australia is the 17th largest U.S. trading partner.
MILITARY
1990 Military Budget: US$ 6,380,000,000
Increase over 1989: 3.4%
Outlay as a share of GNP: 2.2%
As a Share of Government Spending: 9.7%
Total Regular Forces: 68,100
Army: 30,300
Reserves: 26,500
Navy: 15,650
Airforce: 22,100
Combat Aircraft: 116
Naval Vessels: 6 Attack Submarines, 3 Destroyers, 9 Frigates, 22 Large Patrol Craft,
3 Minehunters
Security Alliance with U.S.: ANZUS (1951) -- without New Zealand
Other Security Alliances: Five Power Defense Arrangement with Britain, Malaysia,
New Zealand, Singapore (1971); Status of Forces Agreement with Papua New Guinea
(1976, updated 1990)
U.S. Military Installations: Joint U.S.-Australian communication/intelligence facilities
at Northwest Cape, Nurrungar and Pine Gap and the U.S. Navy has access to Cockburn
Sound Naval Facilities
U.S. Military Personnel: 270 Air Force, 450 Navy
Foreign Military Personnel: none
Armed Opposition Groups: none
INVESTMENT
1990 U.S. Direct Investment: US$ 14,529,000,000
1990 Australian Direct Investment in the U.S.: US$ 8,394,000,000
17
BANGLADESH
LAND
Area: 55,600 square miles
Cultivated: 59.7%
Forest: 16%
Pasture: 4%
Resources: natural gas, uranium, offshore oil
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 118,433,000
Annual Growth: 2.8%
Life Expectancy: 53 years
Literacy: 29%
Infant Mortality: 136
Fertility: 5.7
Ethnic Divisions: Bengali: 98%, Bihari and tribal groups: 2%
Workforce: 34,750,000
Unemployment: 30%
Commerce and Services: 18.1%
Manufacturing: 10.9%
Agriculture and Fishing: 55.3%
Construction: 4.0%
Government and Public Authorities: 11.6%
Students:Primary and Secondary: 14,410,000
University: 47,040
POLITICAL
Official Name: PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF BANGLADESH
Capital: Dhaka
Type of Government: Multi-Party Republic
Chief of State: Justice Ahmed SHAHABUDDIN
Head of Government: Prime Minister Begun Khaleda Ahman ZIA
Foreign Minister: Mostafizur RAHMAN
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 5 Civil Liberties: 5
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: 13.48%
FY 1991 U.S. Foreign Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: US$ 127,370,000
Military: US$ 300,000
ECONOMY
Currency: Taka, 1 US$ = 32.85 Taka (1990)
Major Industries: jute manufactures, food processing, cotton textiles, garments
Major Agricultural Products: jute, rice, fish, tea, sugar, wheat
Major Imports: capital equipment, foodgrains, petroleum, raw cotton, fertilizer,
manufactured products
Major Exports: raw and manufactured jute, leather, tea, textiles
Per Capita GDP: US$ 155 (1990)
18
BANGLADESH
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Billions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
13.80
14.89
14.93
17.42
18.72
18.8
18.3
Growth
4.2%
3.7%
4.7%
4.0%
2.6%
2.0%
2.4%
CPI Rise
10.5%
10.7%
11.0%
9.5%
9.3%
8.0%
8.0%
Exports
0.931
0.999
0.889
1.077
1.291
1.305
1.529
to U.S.
0.159
0.227
0.264
0.414
0.413
0.475
0.538
Imports
2.693
2.526
2.550
2.730
3.034
3.609
3.750
from U.S.
0.303
0.219
0.165
0.193
0.258
0.281
0.182
Cur Account
-0.543
-0.539
-0.615
-0.335
-0.286
-0.760
-0.760
Bangladesh is a minor U.S. trading partner
MILITARY
1990 Military Budget: US$ 348,000,000
Increase over 1989: 20.4%
Outlay as a share of GNP: 1.45%
As a Share of Government Spending: 15%
Total Regular Forces: 103,000
Army: 90,000
Reserves: 30,000 (Border Guards)
Navy: 7,000
Airforce: 6,000
Combat Aircraft: 82
Naval Vessels: 4 Frigates, 8 Fast-Attack Craft (missile), 8 Fast-Attack Craft (torpedo),
11 Coastal Patrol Craft, 13 Inshore Patrol Craft, 5 River Patrol Boats
Security Alliance with U.S.: none
Other Security Alliances: na
U.S. Military Installations: none
U.S. Military Personnel: none
Foreign Military Personnel: none
Armed Opposition Groups: Shanti Bahini: 5,000
INVESTMENT
1990 U.S. Direct Investment: US$ 15,000,000
1990 Bangladeshi Direct Investment in the U.S.: none
19
BHUTAN
LAND
Area: 17,800 square miles
Cultivated: 8.8%
Forest: 68.7%
Pasture: 5.0%
Resources: timber, gypsum, calcium carbide
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 1,566,000
Annual Growth: 2.0%
Life Expectancy: 49 years
Literacy: 5%
Infant Mortality: 137
Fertility: 5.0
Ethnic Divisions: Bhote: 60%, Nepalese: 25%, Tribal groups: 15%
Workforce: 650,000
Unemployment: na
Commerce and Services: 3.6%
Manufacturing: 0.7%
Agriculture and Fishing: 93%
Construction: 0.7%
Government and Public Authorities: 2%
Students:Primary and Secondary: 68,010
University: 410
POLITICAL
Official Name: KINGDOM OF BHUTAN
Capital: Thimpu
Type of Government: Monarchy
Chief of State: King Jigme Singye WANGCHUCK
Head of Government: same
Foreign Minister: Lyonpo Dawa TSERING
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 6 Civil Liberties: 5
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: 12.00%
FY 1991 U.S. Foreign Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: none
Military: none
ECONOMY
Currency: Ngultrum, 1 US$ = 17.95 Ngultrum (1990)
Major Industries: cement, wood products, chemical products, mining, distilling,
food processing, handicrafts
Major Agricultural Products: maize, rice, oranges, potatoes, wheat
Major Imports: aircraft, fuel, rice, vehicles, textiles, machinery
Major Exports: cement, talc powder, agricultural products, sawn timber, potatoes
Per Capita GDP: US$ 160 (1990)
20
BHUTAN
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Millions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
130.0
155.6
171.0
205.0
215.0
222.0
237.71
Growth
6.0%
6.0%
6.0%
6.5%
2.6%
5.6%
9.0%
CPI Rise
8.4%
10.0%
10.1%
13.0%
4.0%
9.1%
8.5%
Exports
15.6
17.4
22.2
25.3
na
na
na
to U.S.
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
Imports
80.4
69.4
75.7
88.0
na
na
na
from U.S.
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
urAccount
na
-83.3
-77.0
-93.2
-80.0
-64.0
0.05
Bhutan is a minor U.S. trading partner.
MILITARY
1990 Military Budget: na
Increase over 1989: na
Outlay as a share of GNP: na
As a Share of Government Spending: na
Total Regular Forces: 600 (est.)
Army: na
Reserves: na
Navy: none
Airforce: none
Combat Aircraft: none
Naval Vessels: none
Security Alliance with U.S.: none
Other Security Alliances: none
U.S. Military Installations: none
U.S. Military Personnel: none
Foreign Military Personnel: Indian: small number of advisers
Armed Opposition Groups: none
INVESTMENT
1990 U.S. Direct Investment: none
1990 Bhutanese Direct Investment in the U.S.: less than $500,000
21
BRUNEI
LAND
Area: 2,226 square miles
Cultivated: 1%
Forest: 85%
Pasture: 1%
Resources: oil, natural gas, timber
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 372,000
Annual Growth: 7.1%
Life Expectancy: 75 years
Literacy: 45%
Infant Mortality: 10
Fertility: 2.9
Ethnic Divisions: Malay: 64%, Chinese: 20%, other: 16%
Workforce: 90,000
Unemployment: na
Commerce and Services: 26.4%
Manufacturing: 8.6%
Agriculture and Fishing: 5.0%
Construction: 33.0%
Government and Public Authorities: 40.0%
Students: Primary and Secondary: 55,700
University: 900
POLITICAL
Official Name: STATE OF BRUNEI DARUSSALAM
Capital: Bandar Seri Begawan
Type of Government: Sultanate
Chief of State: Sultan Haji Hassanal BOLKIAH
Head of Government: same
Foreign Minister: Prince Muda Haji Mohamed BOLKIAH
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 6 Civil Liberties: 5
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: 12.37%
FY 1991 U.S. Foreign Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: none
Military: none
ECONOMY
Currency: Brunei dollar, 1 US$ = 1.74 B$ (1990)
Major Industries: crude petroleum, liquefied natural gas, construction
Major Agricultural Products: rice, pepper, timber
Major Imports: machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, foodstuffs,
consumer goods, chemicals
Major Exports: crude petroleum, petroleum products, liquefied natural gas
Per Capita GDP: US$ 11,000 (1990)
22
BRUNEI
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Billions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
3.98
3.97
3.57
3.3
3.7
3.8
3.7
Growth
2.0%
-10.0%
-10.0%
-10.05
3.0%
4.5%
4.5%
CPI Rise
3.1%
4.0%
2.3%
2.3%
2.3%
2.3%
2.3%
Exports
3.183
2.934
1.798
1.799
1.849
1.931
2.3
to U.S.
0.011
0.002
0.064
0.017
0.030
0.080
na
Imports
0.622
0.606
1.653
1.285
1.253
1.494
na
from U.S.
0.034
0.051
0.202
0.093
0.078
0.063
na
CurAccount
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
Brunei is a minor U.S. trading partner.
MILITARY
1988 Military Budget: US$ 229,025,000
Increase over 1987: 18.5%
Outlay as a share of GNP: 7.1%
As a Share of Government Spending: 15.0%
Total Regular Forces: 4,200
Army: 3,400
Reserves: 900
Navy: 550
Airforce: 300
Combat Aircraft: 4
Naval Vessels: 3 Fast-Attack Craft (missile), 3 Patrol Craft
Security Alliance with U.S.: none
Other Security Alliances: Treaty of Friendship with Britain (1979)
U.S. Military Installations: none
U.S. Military Personnel: none
Foreign Military Personnel: British: 900, Singaporean: 500
Armed Opposition Groups: none
INVESTMENT
1990 U.S. Direct Investment: US$ -22,000,000
1990 Bruneian Direct Investment in the U.S.: none
23
BURMA
LAND
Area: 261,150 square miles
Cultivated: 12.2%
Forest: 47.6%
Pasture: 3.3%
Resources: oil, copper, asbestos, marble, limestone, teak, gems, timber, tin, tungsten
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 41,277,000
Annual Growth: 2.0%
Life Expectancy: 54 years
Literacy: 78%
Infant Mortality: 97
Fertility: 4.2
Ethnic Divisions: Burmese: 68%, Shan: 9%, Karen: 7%, Rakhine: 4% Chinese: 3%,
Indian: 2%, other: 7%
Workforce: 15,200,000
Unemployment: 10% (est.)
Commerce and Services: 17.5%
Manufacturing: 8.0%
Agriculture and Fishing: 70.0%
Construction: 1.0%
Government and Public Authorities: 3.5%
Students:Primary and Secondary: 6,960,000 University: 0 (closed since June 1988)
POLITICAL
Official Name: UNION OF MYANMAR
Capital: Rangoon
Type of Government: Military Dictatorship
Chief of State: General Saw MAUNG
Head of Government: same
Foreign Minister: same
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 7 Civil Liberties: 7
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: 12.63%
FY 1991 U.S. Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: none
Military: none
ECONOMY
Currency: Kyat, 1US$ = 5.95 Kyat (1990 official rate)
Major Industries: agricultural processing, textiles and footwear, wood processing,
petroleum refining, copper, tin
Major Agricultural Products: rice, cotton, pulses, sugarcane, beans, peanuts, teak
Major Imports: machinery, transportation equipment, building materials, oil equip-
ment, consumer goods, capital goods
Major Exports: teak, rice, pulses, beans, base metals, ores, gems
Per Capita GDP: US$ 195 (1990)
24
BURMA
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Billions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
6.39
6.62
6.37
7.78
7.90
8.0
8.0
Growth
5.6%
4.3%
3.7%
1.0%
2.3%
3.4%
3.6%
CPI Rise
4.8%
6.8%
9:2%
23.3%
17.8%
27.2%
17.5%
Exports
0.301
0.303
0.288
0.219
0.147
0.250
0.59
to U.S.
0.015
0.015
0.015
0.013
0.013
0.018
na
Imports
0.239
0.283
0.304
0.268
0.244
0.311
na
from U.S.
0.016
0.010
0.016
0.008
0.011
0.005
na
Cur Account
-0.218
-0.205
-0.250
-0.360
-0.280
na
-0.60
Burma is a minor U.S. trading partner.
MILITARY
1989 Military Budget: US$ 334,000,000
Increase over 1988: 16.8%
Outlay as a share of GNP: 3.0%
As a Share of Government Spending: 21.0%
Total Regular Forces: 230,000
Army: 212,000
Reserves: 35,000 (People's Militia)
Navy: 9,000
Airforce: 9,000
Combat Aircraft: 16
Naval Vessels: 2 Corvettes, 2 Coastal Patrol Craft, 30 Inshore Patrol Craft,
5 River Patrol Craft
Security Alliance with U.S.: none
Other Security Alliances: Friendship and Non-Aggression Treaty with PRC (1961)
U.S. Military Installations: none
U.S. Military Personnel: none
Foreign Military Personnel: none
Armed Opposition Groups: (partial listing) Burma Communist Party: fragmented,
several thousand; National Democratic Front: 20,000; numerous private armies, some
associated with opium druglords
INVESTMENT
1990 U.S. Direct Investment: none
1990 Burmese Direct Investment in the U.S.: none
25
CAMBODIA
LAND
Area: 69,900 square miles
Cultivated: 11%
Forest: 74%
Pasture: 3%
Resources: timber, gemstones, iron ore, manganese, phosphates
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 6,991,000
Annual Growth: 2.2%
Life Expectancy: 48 years
Literacy: 48%
Infant Mortality: 128
Fertility: 4.5
Ethnic Divisions: Khmer: 90%, Chinese: 5%, other: 5%
Workforce: 3,750,000
Unemployment: 30% (est.)
Commerce and Services: 17%
Manufacturing: na
Agriculture and Fishing: 80%
Construction: 3%
Government and Public Authorities: na
Students: Primary and Secondary: 1,018,000
University: 11,500
POLITICAL
Official Name: STATE OF CAMBODIA
Capital: Phnom Penh
Type of Government: Communist State
Chief of State: President Heng SAMRIN
Head of Government: Prime Minister Hun SEN
Foreign Minister: same
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 7 Civil Liberties: 7
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: 11.96%
(The U.N. recognizes the Coalition Government of Democratic Kampuchea [CGDK] led
by Prince Norodom SIHANOUK, Son SANN and Khieu SAMPHAN, as the legitimate
government of Cambodia, not the Heng SAMRIN regime)
FY 1991 U.S. Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: US$ 25,000,0000 (to the CGDK)
Military: none
ECONOMY
Currency: Riel, 1 US$ = 560.0 Riel (1990)
Major Industries: textiles, cement, fishing, wood and wood products
Major Agricultural Products: rice, rubber, corn
Major Imports: fuel, consumer goods, raw materials, fertilizer, international food aid
Major Exports: rubber, rice, pepper
Per Capita GDP: US$ 130 (1990)
26
CAMBODIA
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Millions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
630.0
na
na
1000.0
1000.0
1000.0
890.0
Growth
na
na
na
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
na
CPI Rise
na
na
na
na
10.0%
10.0%
10.0%
Exports
4.4
3.21
3.0
na
na
na
na
to U.S.
0.0
0.4
0.5
0.4
na
na
na
Imports
47.9
27.6
17.0
na
na
na
na
from U.S.
1.0
0.0
0.2
0.1
na
na
na
CurAccount
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
Cambodia is a very minor U.S. trading partner.
MILITARY
1990 Military Budget: na
Increase over 1989: na
Outlay as a share of GNP: na
As a Share of Government Spending: na
Total Regular Forces: 57,300
Army: 55,500
Reserves: 55,000 (provincial/district forces)
Navy: 1,000
Airforce: 800
Combat Aircraft: 12
Naval Vessels: 2 Torpedo Patrol Craft, 9 Inshore Patrol Craft
Security Alliance with U.S.: none
Other Security Alliances: Peace, Friendship, and Cooperation Treaty with
Vietnam (1979)
U.S. Military Installations: none
U.S. Military Personnel: none
Foreign Military Personnel: Soviet: 200, Vietnamese: 5,000
Armed Opposition Groups: Khmer Rouge: 30,000; Khmer People's National Liberation
Front: 12,000; Armée Nationale Khmer Independente: 15,000
INVESTMENT
1990 U.S. Direct Investment: none
1990 Cambodian Direct Investment in the U.S.: none
27
CHINA, PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF
LAND
Area: 3,691,500 square miles
Cultivated: 10.1%
Forest: 12.5%
Pasture: 33.3%
Resources: coal, iron, petroleum, mercury, tin, tungsten, antimony, manganese, uranium,
zinc, bauxite, lead
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 1,118,163,000
Annual Growth: 1.4%
Life Expectancy: 68 years
Literacy: 75%
Infant Mortality: 34
Fertility: 2.3
Ethnic Divisions: Han Chinese: 93.3%, Zhuang, Uygur, Hui, Yi, Tibetan, Mioa,
Manchu, Mongol, Buyi, Korean, and others: 6.7%
Workforce: 557,000,000 Unemployment: 4.0%
Commerce and Services: 13%
Manufacturing: 18%
Agriculture and Fishing: 60%
Construction: 5%
Government and Public Authorities: 1.5%
Students: Primary and Secondary: 177,900,000
University: 2,100,000
POLITICAL
Official Name: PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
Capital: Beijing
Type of Government: Communist State
Chief of State: President YANG Shangkun
Head of Government: Premier LI Peng
Foreign Minister: QIAN Qichen
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 7 Civil Liberties: 7
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: 11.11%
FY 1991 U.S. Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: none
Military: none
ECONOMY
Currency: Renminbi Yuan, 1 US$ = 5.22 Yuan (1990)
Major Industries: iron, steel, coal, machine building, armaments, textiles, light
industrial products, petroleum
Major Agricultural Products: rice, wheat, soybeans, oilseed, cotton
Major Imports: grain, chemical fertilizer, steel, industrial raw materials, machinery
Major Exports: manufactured goods, agricultural products, oil, minerals
Per Capita GDP: US$ 330 (1990)
28
CHINA, PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Billions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
300.09
291.76
281.68
304.96
376.53
350.0
365.96
Growth
13.5%
12.1%
7.9%
10.3%
11.0%
3.9%
4.5%
CPI Rise
2.7%
11.9%
7.0%
8.8%
20.7%
17.8%
4.1%
Exports
24.824
27.329
31.367
39.464
47.663
51.751
60.522
to U.S.
3.381
4.224
5.241
6.910
9.261
12.901
15.2
Imports
25.953
42.480
43.247
43.222
55.352
58.316
49.520
from U.S.
3.004
3.856
3.106
3.497
5.017
5.807
4.8
Cur Account
2.509
-11.417
-7.034
0.3
-3.9
-7.8
-3.934
The PRC is the 10th largest U.S. trading partner.
MILITARY
1990 Military Budget: US$ 6,130,000,000
Increase over 1989: -8.1%
Outlay as a share of GNP: 1.6%
As a Share of Government Spending: 8.4%
Total Regular Forces: 3,030,000
Army: 2,300,000
Reserves: 1,200,000
Navy: 260,000
Airforce: 470,000
Combat Aircraft: 5,894
Naval Vessels: 1 Ballistic Missile Submarine, 1 Cruise Missile Submarine, 91 Attack
Submarines, 189 Destroyers, 37 Frigates, 110 Coastal Patrol Craft, 380 Inshore Patrol
Craft, 215 Fast-Attack Craft (missile), 160 Fast-Attack Craft (torpedo),
52 Minesweepers
Security Alliance with U.S.: none
Other Security Alliances: Friendship and Non-Aggression Treaties with Burma (1961),
North Korea (1951), and Pakistan (1960)
U.S. Military Installations: none
U.S. Military Personnel: none
Foreign Military Personnel: none
Armed Opposition Groups: none
INVESTMENT
1990 U.S. Direct Investment: US$ 289,000,000
1990 PRC Direct Investment in the U.S.: US$ 112,000,000
29
CHINA, REPUBLIC OF (TAIWAN)
LAND
Area: 13,800 square miles
Cultivated: 25%
Forest: 64%
Pasture: 5%
Resources: small amounts of coal, natural gas, limestone, marble, asbestos, timber
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 20,547,000
Annual Growth: 1.1%
Life Expectancy: 74 years
Literacy: 94%
Infant Mortality: 17
Fertility: 1.7
Ethnic Divisions: Taiwanese: 84%, Mainland Chinese: 14%, Aboriginal: 2%
Workforce: 8,470,000
Unemployment: 1.7%
Commerce and Services: 35.3%
Manufacturing: 33.8%
Agriculture and Fishing: 17%
Construction: 6.8%
Government and Public Authorities: 7%
Students: Primary and Secondary: 4,150,000
University: 479,200
POLITICAL
Official Name: REPUBLIC OF CHINA
Capital: Taipei
Type of Government: Multi-Party Republic
Chief of State: LEE Teng-hui
Head of Government: Prime Minister HAU Pei-Tsun
Foreign Minister: Frederick CHIEN
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 3 Civil Liberties: 3
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: Not a member of the U.N.
FY 1991 U.S. Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: none
Military: none
ECONOMY
Currency: New Taiwan Dollar, 1 US$ = 27.13 NT$ (1990)
Major Industries: textiles, clothing, chemicals, electronics, food processing, plywood,
sugar milling, cement, shipbuilding
Major Agricultural Products: rice, sweet potatoes, sugarcane, bananas, pineapples
Major Imports: machinery and equipment, crude oil, chemicals, chemical products,
basic metals, foodstuffs, machine tools
Major Exports: textiles, electronic machinery, general machinery, telecommunications
equipment, basic metals, foodstuffs, plywood
Per Capita GNP: US$ 7,890 (1990)
30
CHINA, REPUBLIC OF (TAIWAN)
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Billions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
57.7
60.08
73.25
97.57
119.5
150.4
162.09
Growth
10.9%
4.3%
10.8%
11.9%
7.1%
7.3%
5.2%
CPI Rise
0.0%
-0.2%
0.7%
0.35%
1.5%
4.7%
4.1%
Exports
30.42
30.39
39.78
53.54
60.59
66.21
66.526
to U.S.
16.099
17.761
21.257
26.406
26.217
25.628
22.7
Imports
21.99
20.12
24.16
34.96
49.65
52.27
55.572
from U.S.
5.003
4.699
5.524
7.413
12.010
11.323
11.5
CurAccount
6.976
9.195
16.217
18.172
10.117
10.5
11.150
The Republic of China is the 6th largest U.S. trading partner.
MILITARY
1990 Military Budget: US$ 8,550,000,000
Increase over 1989: 4.5%
Outlay as a share of GNP: 5.4%
As a Share of Government Spending: 35.5%
Total Regular Forces: 370,000
Army: 270,000
Reserves: 1,657,500
Navy: 30,500
Airforce: 70,000
Combat Aircraft: 536
Naval Vessels: 4 Attack Submarines, 24 Destroyers, 10 Frigates, 52 Fast-Attack
Craft (missile), 21 Patrol Craft, 8 Minesweepers
Security Alliance with U.S.: Security guarantees in the 1979 Taiwan Relations Act
Other Security Alliances: none
U.S. Military Installations: none
U.S. Military Personnel: none
Military Personnel: Singaporean: small number of trainees
Armed Opposition Groups: none
INVESTMENT
1990 U.S. Direct Investment: US$ 2,273,000,000
1990 ROC Direct Investment in the U.S.: US$ 928,000,000
31
FIJI
LAND
Area: 7,050 square miles
Cultivated: 15%
Forest: 65%
Pasture: 3%
Resources: timber, fish, gold, copper
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 759,600
Annual Growth: 1.5%
Life Expectancy: 68 years
Literacy: 80%
Infant Mortality: 22
Fertility: 3.3
Ethnic Divisions: Fijian: 48%, Indian: 47%, others: 5%
Workforce: 252,000
Unemployment: 15%
Commerce and Services: 12.4%
Manufacturing: 6.0%
Agriculture and Fishing: 50%
Construction: 2.6%
Government and Public Authorities: 11.1%
Students: Primary and Secondary: 182,000
University: 2,000
POLITICAL
Official Name: REPUBLIC OF FIJI
Capital: Suva
Type of Government: Interim government, pending constitutional ratification
Chief of State: President Ratu Sir Penaia GANILAU
Head of Government: Prime Minister Ratu. Sir Kamisese MARA
Foreign Minister: same
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 6 Civil Liberties: 4
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: 21.18%
FY 1991 U.S. Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: US$ 300,000 Military: US$ 50,000
ECONOMY
Currency: Fijian dollar, 1 US$ = 1.41 F$ (1990)
Major Industries: sugar refining, tourism, gold, lumber, light manufacturing, mining
Major Agricultural Products: sugar, copra, ginger, rice, bananas
Major Imports: manufactured goods, machinery, foodstuffs, fuel, transport equipment,
consumer goods
Major Exports: sugar, copra, coconut oil, fish
Per Capita GNP: US$ 1,550 (1990)
32
FIJI
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Billions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
1.179
1.138
1.319
1.26
1.29
1.15
1.18
Growth
8.4%
-4.6%
8.8%
-7.8%
-2.5%
12.1%
12.1%
CPI Rise
5.3%
4.4%
1.8%
5.7%
11.8%
6.5%
7.0%
Exports
0.256
0.230
0.274
0.299
0.312
0.370
0.399
to U.S.
0.025
0.011
0.012
0.055
0.014
0.018
na
Imports
0.450
0.441
0.436
0.380
0.454
0.615
0.629
from U.S.
0.018
0.018
0.018
0.029
0.015
0.021
na
CurAccount
-0.027
-0.013
0.004
-0.005
0.030
-0.004
-0.004
Fiji is a minor U.S. trading partner.
MILITARY
1990 Military Budget: US$ 19,730,000
Increase over 1989: -6.8%
Outlay as a share of GNP: 6.5%
As a Share of Government Spending: 6.5%
Total Regular Forces: 3,500
Army: 3,200
Reserves: 5,000
Navy: 300
Airforce: 0
Combat Aircraft: none
Naval Vessels: 3 Coastal Patrol Craft, 2 Inshore Patrol Craft
Security Alliance with U.S.: none
Other Security Alliances: none
U.S. Military Installations: none
U.S. Military Personnel: none
Military Personnel: none
Armed Opposition Groups: none
INVESTMENT
1990 U.S. Direct Investment: none
1990 Fijian Direct Investment in the U.S.: none
33
HONG KONG
LAND
Area: 404 square miles
Cultivated: 8.8%
Forest: 12%
Pasture: 1%
Resources: none
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 5,760,000
Annual Growth: 1.0%
Life Expectancy: 79 years
Literacy: 75%
Infant Mortality: 6
Fertility: 1.4
Ethnic Divisions: Chinese: 98%, other: 2%
Workforce: 2,822,000
Unemployment: 1.4%
Commerce and Services: 37.3%
Manufacturing: 33.8%
Agriculture and Fishing: 1.6%
Construction: 8.0%
Government and Public Authorities: 18%
Students: Primary and Secondary: 1,009,000
University: 52,150
POLITICAL
Official Name: BRITISH CROWN COLONY OF HONG KONG
Capital: Victoria
Type of Government: British Dependent Territory, to revert to Chinese control in 1997
Chief of State: Queen Elizabeth II
Head of Government: Sir David WILSON
Foreign Minister: under the auspices of Britain
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 4
Civil Liberties: 3
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: Not a member of the U.N.
FY 1991 U.S. Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: none
Military: none
ECONOMY
Currency: Hong Kong Dollar, 1 US$ = 7.79 HK$ (1990)
Major Industries: textiles and clothing, tourism, electronics, plastics
Major Agricultural Products: small amounts of rice and vegetables
Major Imports: raw materials and semi-manufactured goods, fuel, consumer goods,
capital goods, foodstuffs
Major Exports: many re-exports: clothing and textiles, electrical apparatus, electronics,
footwear, machinery, telecommunications equipment
Per Capita GDP: US$ 12,150 (1990)
34
HONG KONG
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Billions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
31.9
34.1
38.43
46.17
53.0
62.0
70.0
Growth
6.0%
0.6%
8.7%
14.6%
7.5%
2.5%
2.3%
CPI Rise
8.5%
3.4%
3.2%
5.3%
7.4%
10.1%
10.1%
Exports
28.314
30.182
35.438
48.473
63.182
73.114
82.870
to U.S.
8.899
8.994
9.474
10.490
10.815
10.238
9.5
Imports
28.558
29.701
35.360
48.463
63.900
72.149
82.974
from U.S.
3.062
2.786
3.303
3.983
5.656
6.304
6.8
CurAccount
na
2.080
2.000
3.000
3.100
3.400
2.220
Hong Kong is the 13th largest U.S. trading partner.
MILITARY
1988 Military Budget: US$ 208,000,000
Increase over 1987: 9.9%
Outlay as a share of GNP: 0.7%
As a Share of Government Spending: 3.8%
Total Regular Forces: 8,505 (combined British and Chinese)
Army: 7,540
Reserves: na
Navy: 700
Airforce: 269
Combat Aircraft: none
Naval Vessels: 5 Patrol Craft, 12 Patrol Boats
Security Alliance with U.S.: none
Other Security Alliances: Great Britain responsible for defense
U.S. Military Installations: none
U.S. Military Personnel: none
Military Personnel: British: 6,300 Army, 300 Navy/Marines,
265 Royal Air Force
Armed Opposition Groups: none
INVESTMENT
1990 U.S. Direct Investment: US$ 6,537,000,000
1990 Hong Kong Direct Investment in the U.S.: US$ 1,240,000,000
35
INDIA
LAND
Area: 1,269,420 square miles
Cultivated: 50.3%
Forest: 11.3%
Pasture: 4.5%
Resources: coal, iron ore, manganese, bauxite, chromite, natural gas
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 849,746,000
Annual Growth: 2.0%
Life Expectancy: 58 years
Literacy: 36%
Infant Mortality: 89
Fertility: 3.8
Ethnic Divisions: Indo-Aryan: 72%, Dravidan: 25%, Mongoloid and other: 3%
Workforce: 327,000,000 Unemployment: 20% (est.)
Commerce and Services: 10.5%
Manufacturing: 6.5%
Agriculture and Fishing: 52.3%
Construction: 7.2%
Government and Public Authorities: 6.5%
Students: Primary and Secondary: 142,000,000 University: 4,000,000
POLITICAL
Official Name: REPUBLIC OF INDIA
Capital: New Dehli
Type of Government: Federal Republic
Chief of State: President Ramaswamy VENKATRAMAN
Head of Government: Prime Minister NARSHINAROY
Foreign Minister: Madhavsinh SOLANSKI
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 2
Civil Liberties: 3
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: 5.43
FY 1991 U.S. Foreign Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: US$ 96,982,00 Military: US$ 300,000
ECONOMY
Currency: Rupee, 1 US$ = 18.12 Rupees (1990)
Major Industries: textiles, food processing, steel, machinery, transportation equipment,
cement, jute manufactures
Major Agricultural Products: rice, cereals, pulses, oilseeds, cotton, jute, sugarcane,
tobacco, tea, coffee
Major Imports: machinery and transportation equipment, petroleum, edible oils
Major Exports: engineering goods, textiles, clothing, tea
Per Capita GDP: US$ 325 (1990)
36
INDIA
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Billions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
200.76
210.45
231.231
253.56
270.6
265.1
276.3
Growth
3.3%
6.1%
6.2%
4.4%
11.0%
4.5%
4.5%
CPI Rise
8.3%
5.6%
8.7%
8.8%
9.4%
9.5%
10.0%
Exports
9.916
9.916
9.499
11.375
13.313
16.003
18.153
to U.S.
2.737
2.479
2.465
2.725
3.167
3.551
3.2
Imports
14.361
16.075
15.406
16.724
19.168
21.165
26.001
from U.S.
1.570
1.642
1.536
1.464
2.498
2.463
2.5
CurAccount
-2.343
-4.214
-4.178
-4.597
-10.6
-6.7
-11.5
India is a minor U.S. trading partner.
MILITARY
1990 Military Budget: US$ 9,250,000,000
Increase over 1989: 3.5%
Outlay as a share of GNP: 3.3%
As a Share of Government Spending: 18.8%
Total Regular Forces: 1,262,000
Army: 1,100,000
Reserves: 460,000
Navy: 52,000
Airforce: 110,000
Combat Aircraft: 874
Naval Vessels: 1 Cruise Missile Submarine, 2 Aircraft Carriers, 18 Attack Submarines,
20 Frigates, 5 Destroyers, 10 Corvettes, 12 Fast-Attack Craft (missile), 2 Offshore
Patrol Craft, 13 Inshore Patrol Craft, 20 Minesweepers
Security Alliance with U.S.: none
Other Security Alliances: Treaty of Cooperation and Mutual Friendship with
USSR (1971, renewed 1991); some terms of the Indo-Sri Lankan Accord (1987)
may still apply
U.S. Military Installations: none
U.S. Military Personnel: none
Foreign Military Personnel: Soviets: 200 advisers and technicians
Armed Opposition Groups: Sikh separatists, number unknown; Kashmiri separatists,
number unknown; United Liberation Front of Assam, number unknown.
INVESTMENT
1990 U.S. Direct Investment: US$ 639,000,000
1990 Indian Direct Investment in the U.S.: US$ 29,000,000
37
INDONESIA
LAND
Area: 741,100 square miles
Cultivated: 14%
Forest: 67%
Pasture: 7%
Resources: oil, tin, natural gas, nickel, timber, bauxite, copper
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 190,136,000
Annual Growth: 1.8%
Life Expectancy: 60 years
Literacy: 62%
Infant Mortality: 75
Fertility: 3.1
Ethnic Divisions: Javanese: 45%, Sundanese: 14%, Madurese: 7.5%,
Coastal Malay: 7.5%, other: 26%
Workforce: 76,800,000
Unemployment: 3.1%
Commerce and Services: 30.0%
Manufacturing: 8.0%
Agriculture and Fishing: 53.0%
Construction: 3.0%
Government and Public Authorities: 6.0%
Students:Primary and Secondary: 40,900,000
University: 1,660,000
POLITICAL
Official Name: REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA
Capital: Jakarta
Type of Government: Republic
Chief of State: SUHARTO
Head of Government: same
Foreign Minister: Ali ALATAS
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 6
Civil Liberties: 5
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: 11.54%
FY 1991 U.S. Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: US$48,494,000
Military: US$ 1,900,000
ECONOMY
Currency: Rupiah, 1 US$ = 1,901 Rupiah (1990)
Major Industries: petroleum, textiles, mining, cement, chemical fertilizer, timber,
palm oil, light manufactures
Major Agricultural Products: rice, cassava, rubber, copra
Major Imports: rice, wheat, flour, cereals, textiles, chemicals, iron and steel products,
machinery, transport equipment
Major Exports: petroleum, liquified natural gas, timber, coffee, tin, palm oil, tea
Per Capita GDP: US$ 505 (1990)
38
INDONESIA
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Billions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
80.79
81.54
71.55
76.22
75.96
80.0
96.30
Growth
6.0
2.5%
4.0%
3.6%
5.7%
6.2%
6.5%
CPI Rise
10.5%
4.7%
5.8%
9.3%
8.0%
6.5%
6.4%
Exports
21.881
18.597
14.804
17.170
19.376
21.936
25.874
to U.S.
5.867
4.933
3.657
3.719
3.484
3.874
3.343
Imports
13.880
10.275
10.724
12.850
13.489
16.467
20.048
from U.S.
1.217
0.795
0.946
0.767
1.047
1.256
1.897
CurAccount
-1.856
-1.923
-3.911
-2.098
-1.189
-2.2
-2.531
Indonesia is a minor U.S. trading partner.
MILITARY
1990 Military Budget: US$ 1,476,000,000
Increase over 1989: 2.2%
Outlays as a Share of GNP: 1.5%
As a Share of Government Spending: 3.5%
Total Regular Forces: 283,000
Army: 215,000
Reserves: 800,000
Navy: 43,000
Airforce: 25,000
Combat Aircraft: 99
Naval Vessels: 2 Attack Submarines, 16 Frigates, 4 Fast-Attack Craft (missile),
2 Fast-Attack Craft (torpedo), 4 Coastal Patrol Craft, 17 Inshore Patrol Craft,
2 Minesweepers
Security Alliance with U.S.: none
Other Security Alliances: none
U.S. Military Installations: none
U.S. Military Personnel: none
Foreign Military Personnel: none
Armed Opposition Groups: Revolutionary Front for an Independent East Timor: 400;
Free Papua Movement: 100
INVESTMENT
1990 U.S. Direct Investment: US$ 3,827,000,000
1990 Indonesian Direct Investment in the U.S.: US$ 62,000,000
39
JAPAN
LAND
Area: 147,470 square miles
Cultivated: 15.5%
Forest: 66.4%
Pasture: 1.7%
Resources: negligible mineral resources, fish, timber
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 123,642,000
Annual Growth: 0.4%
Life Expectancy: 79 years
Literacy: 99%
Infant Mortality: 5
Fertility: 1.6
Ethnic Divisions: Japanese: 99.4%, other (mostly Korean): 0.6%
Workforce: 62,400,000
Unemployment: 2.3%
Commerce and Services: 54.5%
Manufacturing: 24.5%
Agriculture and Fishing: 8.5%
Construction: 8.5%
Government and Public Authorities: 3.0%
Students: Primary and Secondary: 15,230,000
University: 2,070,000
POLITICAL
Official Name: JAPAN
Capital: Tokyo
Type of Government: Parliamentary Democracy
Chief of State: Emperor AKHITO
Head of Government: Prime Minister Toshiki KAIFU
Foreign Minister: Taro NAKAYAMA
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 1
Civil Liberties: 1
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: 61.02%
FY 1991 U.S. Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: none
Military: none
ECONOMY
Currency: Yen, 1 US$ = 135.0 Yen (1990)
Major Industries: machinery, automobiles, metallurgy, engineering, electronics,
textiles, chemicals
Major Agricultural Products: rice, sugar, vegetables, fruit, fish
Major Imports: fuel, manufactures, foodstuffs, machinery, wood, coal
Major Exports: machinery and equipment, motor vehicles, metals, chemicals, textiles
Per Capita GDP: US$ 23,965 (1990)
40
JAPAN
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Billions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
1256.5
1330.0
1966.2
2384.5
2528.6
2555.0
2963.0
Growth
5.1%
4.7%
2.7%
4.5%
5.6%
4.9%
4.9%
CPI Rise
2.3%
2.0%
0.6%
1.4%
0.7%
2.1%
2.1%
Exports
169.748
177.189
210.718
231.332
264.961
274.597
286.0
to U.S.
60.371
72.380
85.457
88.074
89.802
93.455
89.7
Imports
136.142
130.516
127.660
150.907
187.483
209.635
234.799
from U.S.
23.575
22.631
26.882
28.249
37.183
43.673
48.6
CurAccount
35.003
49.169
85.845
87.015
79.631
56.98
53.5
Japan is the 2nd largest U.S. trading partner.
MILITARY
1990 Military Budget: US$ 28,122,000,000
Increase over 1989: -1.0%
Outlay as a Share of GNP: 1.0%
As a Share of Government Spending: 6.5%
Total Regular Forces: 249,000
Army: 156,200
Reserves: 48,400
Navy: 46,400
Airforce: 46,400
Combat Aircraft: 473
Naval Vessels: 14 Attack Submarines, 6 Destroyers, 58 Frigates, 5 Fast-Attack
Craft (torpedo), 9 Patrol Craft, 1 Minelayer, 48 Minesweepers
Security Alliance with U.S.: Mutual Cooperation and Security Treaties (1951, 1960)
Other Security Alliances: none
U.S. Military Installations: Yokosuka Naval Base, Yokohama Naval Base, Atsugi Naval
Air Facility, Sasebo Naval Base, Futenma (Marines), Iwakuni Marine Air Base,
Misawa Air Base, Kadena Air Base, Yokota Air Base, Zukeran Marine Air Base,
Makiminato (Army), Atsugi Naval Air Facility, Kamiseya (Navy)
U.S. Military Personnel: 2,100 Army, 7,100 Navy, 16,800 Air Force, 24,800 Marines
Foreign Military Personnel: none
Armed Opposition Groups: Japanese Red Army: 25; Chukaku-Ha: 200
INVESTMENT
1990 U.S. Direct Investment: US$ 20,994,000,000
1990 Japanese Direct Investment in the U.S.: US$ 83,498,000,000
41
KIRIBATI
LAND
Area: 266 square miles
Cultivated: 5%
Forest: 3%
Pasture: 0%
Resources: copra, fish
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 70,000
Annual Growth: 1.7%
Life Expectancy: 55
Literacy: 90%
Infant Mortality: 65
Fertility: 4.3
Ethnic Divisions: Micronesian: 100%
Workforce: na
Unemployment: na
Commerce and Services: na
Manufacturing: na
Agriculture and Fishing: na
Construction: na
Government and Public Authorities: na
Students: na
POLITICAL
Official Name: REPUBLIC OF KIRIBATI
Capital: Tarawa
Type of Government: Republic
Name of Chief of State: President Ieremia T. TABAI
Name of Head of Government: same
Foreign Minister: same
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 1
Civil Liberties: 2
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: Not a member of the U.N.
FY 1991 U.S. Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: none
Military: none
ECONOMY
Currency: Australian dollar, 1 US$ = 1.29 A$ (1990)
Major Industries: fishing, handicrafts
Major Agricultural Products: copra, vegetables, coconuts, melons, bananas
Major Imports: foodstuffs, fuel, transportation equipment
Major Exports: copra, fish
Per Capita GDP: US$ 580 (1989)
42
KIRIBATI
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Millions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
25.0
25.8
32.0
36.0
32.0
33.0
na
Growth
na
na
na
0.5%
na
na
na
CPI Rise
na
na
na
5.0%
na
na
na
Exports
11.0
4.0
4.1
23.0
na
na
na
to U.S.
na
na
na
na
2.0
1.0
1.0
Imports
21.0
18.0
32.6
17.5
na
na
na
from U.S.
na
na
na
na
3.0
16.0
na
CurAccount
10.0
6.0
7.0
na
na
na
na
Kiribati is a minor U.S. trading partner.
MILITARY
Kiribati has no military forces
Security Alliance with U.S.: none
Other Security Alliances: none
U.S. Military Installations: none
U.S. Military Personnel: none
Foreign Military Personnel: Australian: small number of advisers
Armed Opposition Groups: none
INVESTMENT
1990 U.S. Direct Investment: none
1990 Kiribati Direct Investment in the U.S.: none
43
KOREA, NORTH
LAND
Area: 47,100 square miles
Cultivated: 19%
Forest: 74%
Pasture: 1%
Resources: coal, lead, tungsten, zinc, graphite, magnesite, iron, copper, gold, phosphates,
salt, fluorspar
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 21,293,000
Annual Growth: 1.7%
Life Expectancy: 72 years
Literacy: 95%
Infant Mortality: 27
Fertility: 2.1
Ethnic Divisions: Korean: 100%
Workforce: 8,100,000
Unemployment: officially none
Commerce and Services: na
Manufacturing: na
Agriculture and Fishing: na
Construction: na
Government and Public Authorities: na
Students: Primary and Secondary: 5,000,000
University: 100,000
POLITICAL
Official Name: DEMOCRATIC PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF KOREA
Capital: Pyongyang
Type of Government: Communist State, one-man rule
Chief of State: President KIM II-Sung
Head of Government: same
Foreign Minister: KIM Yong Nam
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 7
Civil Liberties: 7
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: Not a voting member of the U.N.
FY 1991 U.S. Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: none
Military: none
ECONOMY
Currency: Won, 1 US$ = 2.18 Won (1989 official rate)
Major Industries: machine building, electric power, chemicals, mining, metallurgy,
textiles, steel, cement
Major Agricultural Products: corn, rice, vegetables, fruits, fish
Major Imports: petroleum, machinery and equipment, coking coal, grain
Major Exports: minerals, metallurgical products, agricultural products, manufactures,
machinery, chemicals, fish
Per Capita GDP: US$ 930 (1989)
44
KOREA, NORTH
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Billions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
18.9
19.7
20.1
19.59
20.18
20.78
21.5
Growth
2.7%
4.0%
2.0%
2.0%
2.0%
2.0%
2.0%
CPI Rise
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
Exports
0.691
0.638
0.673
0.796
0.931
na
2.1
to U.S.
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Imports
0.813
0.825
0.839
1.120
2.5
2.6
2.6
from U.S.
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
CurAccount
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
Trade with North Korea is illegal.
MILITARY
1989 Military Budget: US$ 4,154,000,000
Increase over 1988: -10.2%
Outlay as a Share of GNP: 24%
As a Share of Government Spending: 30%
Total Regular Forces: 1,111,000
Army: 1,000,000
Reserves: 540,000+
Navy: 41,000
Airforce: 70,000
Combat Aircraft: 716
Naval Vessels: 24 Attack Submarines, 3 Frigates, 3 Corvettes, 34 Fast-Attack Craft
(missile), 173 Fast-Attack Craft (torpedo), 6 Coastal Patrol Craft, 148 Inshore Patrol
Craft, 20 Minesweepers
Security Alliance with U.S.: none
Other Security Alliances: Treaty of Cooperation and Mutual Friendship with USSR
(1961); Friendship and Non-Agression Treaty with PRC (1951)
U.S. Military Installations: none
U.S. Military Personnel: none
Foreign Military Personnel: none
Armed Opposition Groups: none
INVESTMENT
1990 U.S. Direct Investment: none
1990 North Korean Direct Investment in the U.S.: none
45
KOREA, SOUTH
LAND
Area: 38,200 square miles
Cultivated: 21.6%
Forest: 65.8%
Pasture: 1.0%
Resources: coal, tungsten, graphite, iron ore, limestone, graphite
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 43,350,000
Annual Growth: 0.8%
Life Expectancy: 69 years
Literacy: 93%
Infant Mortality: 23
Fertility: 1.6
Ethnic Divisions: Korean: 100%
Workforce: 17,963,000 Unemployment: 3.0%
Commerce and Services: 25.5%
Manufacturing: 27.5%
Agriculture and Fishing: 20.5%
Construction: 6.0%
Government and Public Authorities: 20.0%
Students: Primary and Secondary: 9,640,000
University: 1,300,000
POLITICAL
Official Name: REPUBLIC OF KOREA
Capital: Seoul
Type of Government: Multi-party Republic
Chief of State: President ROH Tae Woo
Head of Government: same
Foreign Minister: LEE Sang Och
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 2
Civil Liberties: 3
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: Not a voting member of the U.N.
FY 1991 U.S. Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: none
Military: US$ 1,000,000
ECONOMY
Currency: Won, 1 US$ = 716.4 Won (1990)
Major Industries: textiles and clothing, food processing, chemicals, steel, electronics,
ship building, automobile production
Major Agricultural Products: rice, barley, vegetables, legumes
Major Imports: machinery, oil, steel, transportation equipment, textiles, organic
chemicals, grains
Major Exports: textiles and clothing, electrical machinery, footwear, steel, ships, auto-
mobiles, fish
Per Capita GDP: US$ 5,140 (1990)
46
KOREA, SOUTH
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Billions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
87.0
89.7
102.7
128.4
169.2
204.0
223.85
Growth
9.3%
7.0%
12.9%
12.8%
12.2%
6.5%
8.6%
CPI Rise
2.3%
2.5%
2.8%
3.0%
7.1%
5.2%
9.2%
Exports
29.259
30.289
34.792
47.301
60.679
62.371
63.124
to U.S.
10.027
10.713
13.497
17.991
21.164
20.543
18.5
Imports
30.628
31.058
31.734
41.025
51.812
61.556
65.127
from U.S.
5.983
5.956
6.355
8.099
11.290
13.478
14.4
CurAccount
-1.372
-0.887
4.617
9.854
14.161
5.1
-1.8
South Korea is the 7th largest U.S. trading partner.
MILITARY
1990 Military Budget: US$ 10,891,000,000
Increase over 1989: 10.2%
Outlay as a Share of GNP: 4.7%
As a Share of Government Spending: 31.1%
Total Regular Forces: 750,000
Army: 650,000
Reserves: 4,500,000
Navy: 60,000
Airforce: 40,000
Combat Aircraft: 493
Naval Vessels: 3 Attack Submarines, 9 Destroyers, 25 Frigates, 4 Corvettes, 11 Fast-
Attack Craft (missile), 68 Inshore Patrol Craft, 9 Minesweepers
Security Alliance with U.S.: Mutual Cooperation and Security (1954)
Other Security Alliances: none
U.S. Military Installations: Kunsan Air Base, Uijong-Bu HQ, Tongduchon Army Base,
Osan Air Base
U.S. Military Personnel: 32,000 Army, 12,200 Air Force
Foreign Military Personnel: none
Armed Opposition Groups: none
INVESTMENT
1990 U.S. Direct Investment: US$ 2,096,000,000
1990 South Korean Direct Investment in the U.S.: US$ -850,000,000
47
LAOS
LAND
Area: 91,430 square miles
Cultivated: 4%
Forest: 58%
Pasture: 3%
Resources: tin, timber, gypsum
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 4,024,000
Annual Growth: 2.2%
Life Expectancy: 49 years
Literacy: 85%
Infant Mortality: 126
Ferility: 5.1
Ethnic Divisions: Lao: 50%, Kha: 15%, Tribal Thai: 20%, Meo, Hmong,
Yao and other: 15%
Workforce: 1,850,000
Unemployment: 17%
Commerce and Services: 18%
Manufacturing: 2%
Agriculture and Fishing: 75%
Construction: 1%
Government and Public Authorities: na
Students:Primary and Secondary: 564,600
University: 20,100
POLITICAL
Official Name: LAO PEOPLE'S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC
Capital: Vientiane
Type of Government: Communist State
Chief of State: President Phoumi VONGVICHIT
Head of Government: Prime Minister Kaysone PHOMVIHAN
Foreign Minister: Phoun SIPASEUTH
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 6
Civil Liberties: 7
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: 10.78%
FY 1991 U.S. Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: none
Military: none
ECONOMY
Currency: Kip, 1 US$ = 700.0 Kip (1990)
Major Industries: tin mining, timber, coffee, electric power
Major Agricultural Products: rice, corn, vegetables, tobacco, cotton
Major Imports: rice and other foodstuffs, petroleum products, machinery, vehicles
Major Exports: electric power, forest products, tin, coffee
Per Capita GDP: US$ 180 (1990)
48
LAOS
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Millions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
530.0
600.0
643.0
679.0
693.0
na
na
Growth
na
na
na
na
2.0%
4.0%
4.0%
CPI Rise
20.0%
20.0%
20.0%
20.0%
11.9%
68.1%
18.6%
Exports
11.38
15.65
12.55
64.31
95.76
98.14
na
to U.S.
2.00
0.455
0.272
0.91
3.0
1.0
na
Imports
36.39
50.96
55.99
82.57
110.56
121.97
na
from U.S.
0.11
0.22
0.10
0.22
1.0
0.2
na
CurAccount
na
na
na
na
-130.0
-180.0
-180.0
Laos is a very minor U.S. trading partner.
MILITARY
1990 Military Budget: na
Increase over 1989: na
Outlay as a Share of GNP: na
As a Share of Government Spending: na
Total Regular Forces: 55,100
Army: 52,500
Reserves: na
Navy: 600
Airforce: 2,000
Combat Aircraft: 34
Naval Vessels: 40 River Patrol Craft
Security Alliance with U.S.: none
Other Security Alliances: Peace, Friendship, and Cooperation Treaty
with Vietnam (1977)
U.S. Military Installations: none
Foreign Military Personnel: Soviets: 500; Vietnamese: 15,000
Armed Opposition Groups: United Lao National Liberation Front: 2,000; some
smaller anti-communist resistance groups
INVESTMENT
1990 U.S. Direct Investment: none
1990 Laotian Direct Investment in the U.S.: none
49
MACAU
LAND
Area: 6.17 square miles
Cultivated: 2%
Forest: 5%
Pasture: 0%
Resources: none
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 441,700
Annual Growth: 1.1%
Life Expectancy: 77 years
Literacy: 90%
Infant Mortality: 7
Fertility: 2.2
Ethnic Divisions: Chinese: 95%, Portuguese: 3%, other: 2%
Workforce: 190,000
Unemployment: na
Commerce and Services: 34%
Manufacturing: 45%
Agriculture and Fishing: 6%
Construction: 8%
Government and Public Authorities: 7%
Students:Primary and Secondary: 46,900
University: 7,500
POLITICAL
Official Name: MACAU
Capital: Macau
Type of Government: Chinese Territory under Portuguese Administration
Chief of State: Governor Carlos MELANCIA
Head of Government: same
Foreign Minister: under the auspices of Portugal
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 3
Civil Liberties: 3
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: Not a member of the U.N.
FY 1991 U.S. Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: none
Military: none
ECONOMY
Currency: Pataca, 1 US$ = 8.05 Pataca (1990 official rate)
Major Industries: textiles, toys, gambling, furniture, tourism, garments
Major Agricultural Products: rice, vegetables
Major Imports: foodstuffs, fabric, machinery, oil
Major Exports: textiles and clothing, toys, electronics
Per Capita GDP: US$ 5,000 (1989)
50
MACAU
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Millions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
979.8
1030.0
1137.7
1992.0
2160.0
2330.0
na
Growth
8.0%
2.5%
6.2%
12.4%
6.0%
na
5.7%
CPI Rise
11.1%
2.1%
1.7%
4.7%
na
na
8.8%
Exports
659.4
907.09
1033.55
1396.5
1493.7
1636.7
na
to U.S.
207.2
292.7
343.2
568.7
509.1
599.7
na
Imports
593.4
775.7
874.31
1111.6
1297.3
1464.1
na
from U.S.
37.5
55.69
53.10
54.43
58.3
77.6
na
CurAccount
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
Macau is a minor U.S. trading partner.
MILITARY
Portugal is responsible for defense
Security Alliance with U.S.: none
Other Security Alliances: none
U.S. Military Installations: none
U.S. Military Personnel: none
Foreign Military Personnel: na
Armed Opposition Groups: none
INVESTMENT
1990 U.S. Direct Investment: less than US$ 500,000
1990 Macau Direct Investment in the U.S.: none
51
MALAYSIA
LAND
Area: 127,320 square miles
Cultivated: 15.0%
Forest: 70%
Pasture: 1%
Resources: tin, petroleum, timber, copper, iron, palm oil, rubber
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 17,511,000
Annual Growth: 2.3%
Life Expectancy: 68
Literacy: 65%
Infant Mortality: 30
Fertility: 3.5
Ethnic Divisions: Malay: 59%, Chinese: 32%, Indian: 9%
Workforce: 6,834,000
Unemployment: 7.9%
Commerce and Services: 27.5%
Manufacturing: 17.0%
Agriculture and Fishing: 30.5%
Construction: 6.5%
Government and Public Authorities: 14.0%
Students:Primary and Secondary: 3,670,000
University: 51,080
POLITICAL
Official Name: MALAYSIA
Capital: Kuala Lumpur
Type of Government: Federal Constitutional Monarchy
Chief of State: Paramount Ruler AZLAN Muhibbuddin Shah ibni Sultan
Yusof Izzuddin
Head of Government: Prime Minister Dr. MAHATHIR bin Mohamad
Foreign Minister: Datuk Abu HASSAN
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 5
Civil Liberties: 4
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: 10.58%
FY 1991 U.S. Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: none
Military: none
ECONOMY
Currency: Ringgit (Malaysian dollar), 1 US$ = 2.71 M$ (1990)
Major Industries: rubber and palm oil processing and manufacturing, tin mining,
logging, petroleum production, electronics
Major Agricultural Products: natural rubber, palm oil, rice, coconuts, pepper
Major Imports: machinery and transport equipment, manufactured goods, crude petro-
leum, foodstuffs, chemicals
Major Exports: natural rubber, palm oil, tin, timber, petroleum, light manufactures
Per Capita GDP: US$ 2,4300 (1990)
52
MALAYSIA
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Billions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
31.65
28.92
29.48
29.90
31.46
33.0
42.61
Growth
7.8%
-1.0%
1.2%
5.2%
8.1%
8.5%
8.5%
CPI Rise
3.9%
0.3%
0.7%
0.9%
2.0%
2.8%
2.8%
Exports
16.563
15.408
13.977
17.934
21.096
25.049
28.698
to U.S.
2.825
2.399
2.534
3.053
3.848
4.927
5.3
Imports
14.057
12.301
10.828
12.701
16.513
22.588
26.158
from U.S.
1.856
1.539
1.730
1.897
2.141
2.875
3.4
CurAccount
-1.671
-0.613
0.052
2.572
1.884
-0.15
-0.691
Malaysia is the 20th largest U.S. trading partner.
MILITARY
1990 Military Budget: US$ 1,560,000,000
Increase over 1989: 12.7%
Outlay as a As a Share of GNP: 3.7%
As a Share of Government Spending: 14.2%
Total Regular Forces: 129,500
Army: 105,000
Reserves: 46,600
Navy: 12,500
Airforce: 12,000
Combat Aircraft: 67
Naval Vessels: 4 Frigates, 8 Fast-Attack Craft (missile), 2 Offshore Patrol Craft,
27 Inshore Patrol Craft, 4 Minesweepers
Security Alliance with U.S.: none
Other Security Alliances: Five Power Defense Agreement with Australia, Britain,
New Zealand, Singapore (1971)
U.S. Military Installations: none
U.S. Military Personnel: none
Foreign Military Personnel: Australian: Army and RAAF elements, plus a small number
of advisers
Armed Opposition Groups: Communist Party of Malaya: 850; North Kalimantan
Communist Party: 50
INVESTMENT
1990 U.S. Direct Investment: US$ 1,425,000,000
1990 Malaysian Direct Investment in the U.S.: US$ 31,000,000
53
MALDIVES
LAND
Area: 115 square miles
Cultivated: 5.7%
Forest: 3.3%
Pasture: 3%
Resources: fish, coconuts, shells
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 217,900
Annual Growth: 3.7%
Life Expectancy: 62 years
Literacy: 36%
Infant Mortality: 76
Fertility: 6.6
Ethnic Divisions: Sinhalese, Dravidan, Arab and African
Workforce: 110,000
Unemployment: na
Commerce and Services: 20.0%
Manufacturing: 22.0%
Agriculture and Fishing: 35.0%
Construction: 5.0%
Government and Public Authorities: 16.0%
Students:Primary and Secondary: 55,500
University: 0
POLITICAL
Official Name: REPUBLIC OF MALDIVES
Capital: Male
Type of Government: Republic
Chief of State: President Abdul GAYOOM
Head of Government: same
Foreign Minister: Fathulla JAMEEL
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 6 Civil Liberties: 5
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: 13.86%
FY 1991 U.S. Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: none
Military: US$ 50,000
ECONOMY
Currency: Rufikaa, 1 US$ = 8.4 Rufikaa (1989)
Major Industries: fish processing, tourism, garments, handicrafts
Major Agricultural Products: fish, coconuts, fruit, millet
Major Imports: food, manufactured goods, petroleum products, capital goods,
machinery, chemicals
Major Exports: fish, shells, apparel
Per Capita GDP: US$ 500 (1990)
54
MALDIVES
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Millions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
76.17
83.97
87.0
94.0
101.0
100.0
105.6
Growth
27.0%
13.8%
8.6%
8.9%
8.7%
9.3%
9.3%
CPI Rise
na
na
na
na
14.0%
5.0%
5.0%
Exports
13.01
22.28
28.76
28.76
55.30
56.02
na
to U.S.
na
na
na
na
16.0
13.0
na
Imports
69.99
70.16
77.28
96.62
120.01
137.90
na
from U.S.
na
na
na
na
na
3.0
na
CurAccount
-16.5
-5.0
na
na
na
na
na
The Maldives are a minor U.S. trading partner.
MILITARY
The Maldives maintains no armed forces, only a
paramilitary National Security Service.
Security Alliance with U.S.: none
Other Security Alliances: none
U.S. Military Installations: none
U.S. Military Personnel: none
Foreign Military Personnel: none
Armed Opposition Groups: none
INVESTMENT
1990 U.S. Direct Investment: none
1990 Maldivian Direct Investment in the U.S.: none
55
MONGOLIA
LAND
Area: 604,250 square miles
Cultivated: 0.7%
Forest: 10.2%
Pasture: 78.8%
Resources: coal, tungsten, copper, molybdenum, gold, tin, nickel, zinc, fluorspar,
phosphates
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 2,187,000
Annual Growth: 2.7%
Life Expectancy: 64 years
Literacy: 80%
Infant Mortality: 50
Fertility: 4.7
Ethnic Divisions: Mongol: 90%, Kazakh: 4%, Chinese: 2%, Russian: 2%, other: 2%
Workforce: 430,000
Unemployment: na
Commerce and Services: 24.6%
Manufacturing: 23.0%
Agriculture and Fishing: 10.8%
Construction: 7.4%
Government and Public Authorities: 34.2%
Students: Primary and Secondary: 499,000
University: 14,300
POLITICAL
Official Name: MONGOLIAN PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC
Capital: Ulan Bator
Type of Government: One-Party Dominant Republic
Chief of State: President Punsalmaagiyn OCHIRBAT
Head of Government: Prime Minister Dashiyn BYAMBASUREN
Foreign Minister: Tserenpiliyn GOMBOSÜREN
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 4 Civil Liberties: 4
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: 10.10%
FY 1991 U.S. Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: none
Military: none
ECONOMY
Currency: Tugrick, 1 US$ = 2.8 Tugrick (1989 official rate)
Major Industries: cement, knitwear, footwear, meat, coal, textiles, chemicals, building
materials, mining
Major Agricultural Products: livestock, wheat, oats, barley, foodgrains, vegetables
Major Imports: petroleum, sheet metal, trucks, fertilizer, paper, sugar, tea, chemicals,
machinery, garments
Major Exports: timber, wool, meat, copper, molybdenum, fluorspar, phosphates
Per Capita GDP: US$ 890 (1988)
56
MONGOLIA
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Billions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
1.90
na
na
1.82
1.89
1.96
na
Growth
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
CPI Rise
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
Exports
0.625
0.618
na
na
na
na
na
to U.S.
0.002
0.004
0.001
0.002
na
na
na
Imports
0.898
0.988
na
na
na
na
na
from U.S.
0.000
0.001
0.001
0.009
na
na
na
CurAccount
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
Mongolia is a minor U.S. trading partner.
MILITARY
1988 Military Budget: US$ 268,380,000
Increase over 1987: 7.6%
Outlay as a Share of GNP: 14.2%
As a Share of Government Spending: 14.8%
Total Regular Forces: 21,500
Army: 21,000
Reserves: 200,000
Navy: none
Airforce: 500
Combat Aircraft: 28
Naval Vessels: none
Security Alliance with U.S.: none
Other Security Alliances: Treaty of Cooperation and Mutual Friendship
with USSR (1966)
U.S. Military Installations: none
U.S. Military Personnel: none
Foreign Military Personnel: Soviets: 37,000 troops (reducing)
Armed Opposition Groups: none
INVESTMENT
1990 U.S. Direct Investment: none
1990 Mongolian Direct Investment in the U.S.: none
57
NEPAL
LAND
Area: 56,140 square miles
Cultivated: 18%
Forest: 29%
Pasture: 13.4%
Resources: quartz, timber, lignite, copper, cobalt, iron ore
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 19,146,000
Annual Growth: 2.4%
Life Expectancy: 50 years
Literacy: 20%
Infant Mortality: 99
Fertility: 5.6
Ethnic Divisions: Newars, Indians, Tibetan, Gurungs, Magars
Workforce: 7,500,000
Unemployment: 5%
Commerce and Services: 6.2%
Manufacturing: 1.5%
Agriculture and Fishing: 90.0%
Construction: 0.8%
Government and Public Authorities: 1.5%
Students: Primary and Secondary: 3,500,000
University: 83,400
POLITICAL
Official Name: KINGDOM OF NEPAL
Capital: Kathmandu
Type of Government: Monarchy, pending elections
Chief of State: King BIRENDRA Bir Bikram Shah Dev
Head of Government: Caretaker Prime Minister Krishna Prasad BHATTARAI
Foreign Minister: Shailendra Kumar UPADHAYA
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 4 Civil Liberties: 4
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: 12.24%
FY 1991 U.S. Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: US$ 12,245,000
Military: US$ 125,000
ECONOMY
Currency: Rupee, 1 US$ = 29.40 Rupees (1989)
Major Industries: oilseed, sugar, jute and rice mills, match, cigarette and brick factories,
cement, garments
Major Agricultural Products: rice, jute, corn, wheat, oilseeds, sugarcane, potatoes
Major Imports: manufactured consumer goods, fuel, construction materials, fertilizers,
food products
Major Exports: rice, jute, timber, manufactured goods, sugar, hides, garments
Per Capita GDP: US$ 160 (1989)
58
NEPAL
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Billions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
2.32
2.29
2.36
2.59
2.65
2.98
3.08
Growth
9.7%
7.9%
3.9%
2.4%
7.1%
1.5%
2.0%
CPI Rise
2.8%
8.1%
19.0%
10.8%
10.9%
10.1%
11.5%
Exports
0.083
0.133
0.139
0.155
0.217
0.231
0.214
to U.S.
0.008
0.052
0.038
0.038
0.061
0.055
na
Imports
0.289
0.320
0.342
0.529
0.613
0.593
0.714
from U.S.
0.004
0.007
0.008
0.056
0.064
0.009
na
CurAccount
-0.095
-0.122
-0.119
-0.123
-0.280
-0.250
-0.366
Nepal is a minor U.S. trading partner.
MILITARY
1990 Military Budget: US$ 39,000,000
Increase over 1990: 0.0%
Outlay as a Share of GNP: 1.4%
As a Share of Government Spending: 6.5%
Total Regular Forces: 35,000
Army: 30,000
Reserves: none
Navy: none
Airforce: na
Combat Aircraft: none
Naval Vessels: none
Security Alliance with U.S.: none
Other Security Alliances: none
U.S. Military Installations: none
U.S. Military Personnel: none
Foreign Military Personnel: none
Armed Opposition Groups: none
INVESTMENT
1990 U.S. Direct Investment: na
1990 Nepalese Direct Investment in the U.S.: na
59
NEW CALEDONIA
LAND
Area: 8,550 square miles
Cultivated: 0%
Forest: 51%
Pasture: 14%
Resources: nickle, chrome, iron, cobalt, manganese, silver, gold
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 152,200
Annual Growth: 1.1%
Life Expectancy: 67
Literacy: na
Infant Mortality: 34
Fertility: 3.0
Ethnic Divisions: Melanesian: 42.5%, European: 37.1%, Wallisian: 8.4%,
Polynesian: 3.8%, Indonesian: 3.6%, Vietnamese: 1.6%, other 3.0%
Workforce: 50,500
Unemployment: na
Commerce and Services: na
Manufacturing: na
Agriculture and Fishing: na
Construction: na
Government and Public Authorities: na
Students: Primary and Secondary: na
University: na
POLITICAL
Official Name: TERRITORY OF NEW CALEDONIA AND DEPENDENCIES
Capital: Noumea
Type of Government: French Overseas Territory
Chief of State: French President Francois MITTERRAND
Head of Government: High Commissioner Clement BOUHIN
Foreign Minister: under the auspices of France
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 2
Civil Liberties: 2
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: Not a member of the U.N.
FY 1991 U.S. Foreign Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: none
Military: none
ECONOMY
Currency: Comptoirs Français du Pacifique Franc, 1 US$ = 113.63 CFPF (1989)
Major Industries: nickel mining
Major Agricultural Products: cattle, coffee, maize, wheat, cotton, manioc, tobacco,
bananas, pineapples
Major Imports: fuels, minerals, machinery and electrical equipment
Major Exports: nickel metal, nickel ore
Per Capita GDP: US$ 8,030 (1983)
60
NEW CALEDONIA
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Millions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
Growth
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
CPI Rise
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
Exports
207.0
272.0
208.0
224.0
468.0
672.0
na
to U.S.
12.0
14.0
13.0
17.0
34.0
56.0
na
Imports
310.0
347.0
531.0
624.0
604.0
764.0
na
from U.S.
20.0
29.0
25.0
28.0
27.0
65.0
na
CurAccount
na
na
na
na
na
na
na
New Caledonia is a minor U.S. trading partner
MILITARY
France is responsible for defense
Security Alliance with U.S.: none
Other Security Alliances: na
U.S. Military Installations: none
U.S. Military Personnel: none
Foreign Military Personnel: French: 9,500 combined Army, Marine, and Air Force
Armed Opposition Groups: elements of the Kanak Socialist National Liberation Front
remain committed to violence
INVESTMENT
1990 U.S. Direct Investment: none
1990 New Caledonian Direct Investment in the U.S.: none
61
NEW ZEALAND
LAND
Area: 103,880 square miles
Cultivated: 3.0%
Forest: 26.4%
Pasture: 52.7%
Resources:natural gas, iron, coal, timber, gold
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 3,296,000
Annual Growth: 0.4%
Life Expectancy: 75
Literacy: 99%
Infant Mortality: 10
Fertility: 1.9
Ethnic Divisions: European: 88%, Maori: 8.9%, Pacific Islander: 2.9%, other 0.2%
Workforce: 1,582,000
Unemployment: 7.4%
Commerce and Services: 36.5%
Manufacturing: 18.0%
Agriculture and Fishing: 10.1%
Construction: 6.5%
Government and Public Authorities: 28.6%
Students: Primary and Secondary: 658,370
University: 193,200
POLITICAL
Official Name: NEW ZEALAND
Capital: Wellington
Type of Government: Parliamentary Democracy
Chief of State: Queen Elizabeth II
Head of Government: Prime Minster Jim BOLGER
Foreign Minister: Don MCKINNON
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 1
Civil Liberties: 1
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: 40.24%
FY 1991 U.S. Foreign Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: none
Military: none
ECONOMY
Currency: New Zealand Dollar, 1 US$ = 1.69 NZ$ (1990)
Major Industries: food processing, wood and paper products, textiles, machinery,
transport equipment, banking, mining
Major Agricultural Products: meat, wool, timber, wheat, dairy
Major Imports: oil and petroleum products, motor vehicles, iron and steel, machinery,
electrical equipment
Major Exports: meat, wool, forest products, dairy products, fruits and vegetables,
aluminum and alloys, manufactured equipment
Per Capita GDP: US$ 12,500 (1990)
62
NEW ZEALAND
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Billions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
21.37
21.34
23.31
26.25
32.11
33.0
41.2
Growth
5.6%
1.6%
1.4%
1.0%
1.5%
1.5%
1.4%
CPI Rise
6.2%
15.4%
13.2%
15.7%
6.4%
7.2%
7.2%
Exports
5.378
5.714
5.921
7.209
8.833
8.849
9.094
to U.S.
0.880
0.969
1.097
1.181
1.301
1.341
1.1
Imports
6.144
5.944
5.997
7.263
7.378
8.810
9.420
from U.S.
0.708
0.728
0.881
0.819
0.943
1.117
1.2
CurAccount
-1.748
-1.411
-1.481
-1.758
-0.761
-2.1
-2.4
New Zealand is a minor U.S. trading partner
MILITARY
1990 Military Budget: US$ 840,000,000
Increase over 1989: 2.6%
Outlay as a share of GNP: 2.0%
As a share of Government Spending: 13.6%
Total Regular Forces: 11,600
Army: 5,200
Reserves: 10,130
Navy: 2,400
Airforce: 4,200
Combat Aircraft: 43
Naval Vessels: 4 Frigates, 6 Patrol Craft
Security Alliance with U.S.: ANZUS treaty signatory. In 1986, the U.S. declared it
would not honor security obligations to New Zealand due to Wellington's 1985 re-
fusal to allow nuclear-powered or nuclear-armed ships into its ports
Other Security Alliances: Five Power Defense Arrangment with Australia, Britain,
Malaysia, and Singapore (1971)
U.S. Military Installations: none
U.S. Military Personnel: none
Foreign Military Personnel: none
Armed Opposition Groups: none
INVESTMENT
1990 U.S. Direct Investment: US$ 3,139,000
1990 New Zealand Direct Investment in the U.S.: US$ 254,000,000
63
PAKISTAN
LAND
Area: 310,525 square miles
Cultivated: 20.7%
Forest: 0.8%
Pasture: 0.8%
Resources: natural gas, petroleum, coal, iron ore, copper, salt
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 114,649,000
Annual Growth: 2.2%
Life Expectancy: 56
Literacy: 26%
Infant Mortality: 40
Fertility: 6.7
Ethnic Divisions: Punjabi: 66%, Sindhi: 13%, Pushtun: 8.5%
Workforce:
Unemployment: 3.6%
Commerce and Services: 29.0%
Manufacturing: 12.6%
Agriculture and Fishing: 51.0%
Construction: 6.4%
Government and Public Authorities: 1.0%
Students: Primary and Secondary: 10,769,000
University: 589,000
POLITICAL
Official Name: ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF PAKISTAN
Capital: Islamabad
Type of Government: Federal Republic
Chief of State: President Ghulam Ishaq KHAN
Head of Government: Prime Minister Mian Mohammed Nawaz SHARIF
Foreign Minister: Shibzada Yaqub KHAN
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 4
Civil Liberties: 4
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: 9.80%
FY 1991 U.S. Foreign Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: US$ 145,000,000
Military: US$ 92,815,000
ECONOMY
Currency: Rupee, 1 US$ = 21.86 Rupees (1990)
Major Industries: cotton textiles, steel, food processing, tobacco, chemicals, natural gas,
mining, fertilizer production
Major Agricultural Products: rice, wheat, cotton, sugarcane
Major Imports: petroleum, cooking coal, defense equipment
Major Exports: sporting goods, rice, cotton, textiles, carpets
Per Capita GDP: US$ 360 (1990)
64
PAKISTAN
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Billions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
32.59
32.41
34.89
35.55
38.4
40.0
40.97
Growth
5.6%
8.2%
7.8%
5.9%
5.3%
5.5%
4.8%
CPI Rise
6.1%
5.6%
3.5%
4.7%
8.0%
10.5%
10.7%
Exports
2.559
2.738
3.383
4.168
4.509
4.660
4.992
to U.S.
0.268
0.299
0.353
0.438
0.496
0.565
0.609
Imports
5.852
5.889
5.367
5.819
6.588
7.107
7.256
from U.S.
1.903
1.042
0.830
0.733
1.090
1.136
1.1
CurAccount
-1.195
-1.090
-0.645
-0.562
-1.6
-1.99
-1.652
Pakistan is a minor U.S. trading partner
MILITARY
1990 Military Budget: US$ 2,890,000,000
Increase over 1989: 17.0%
Outlay as a share of GNP: 7.0%
As a share of Government Spending: 29%
Total Regular Forces: 550,000
Army: 500,000
Reserves: 513,000
Navy: 20,000
Airforce: 30,000
Combat Aircraft: 475
Naval Vessels: 6 Attack Submarines, 3 Midget Submarines, 3 Destroyers, 10 Frigates,
8 Fast-Attack Craft (missile), 4 Fast-Attack Craft (torpedo), 4 Coastal Patrol Craft,
9 Inshore Patrol Craft, 3 Minesweepers
Security Alliance with U.S.: none
Other Security Alliances: Friendship and Non-Aggression Treaty with PRC (1960)
U.S. Military Installations: none
U.S. Military Personnel: none
Foreign Military Personnel: none
Armed Opposition Groups: none
INVESTMENT
1990 U.S. Direct Investment: US$ 200,000,000
1990 Pakistani Direct Investment in the U.S.: US$ 19,000,000
65
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
LAND
Area: 178,700 square miles
Cultivated: 3%
Forest: 78%
Pasture: 2%
Resources: gold, copper, silver, gas, timber
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 3,822,900
Annual Growth: 2.3%
Life Expectancy: 55
Literacy: 32%
Infant Mortality: 68
Fertility: 5.0
Ethnic Divisions: Papuan, Melanesian, Negrito, Micronesian, Polynesian
Workforce: 230,000
Unemployment: 5%
Commerce and Services: 34.0%
Manufacturing: 10.0%
Agriculture and Fishing: 35.0%
Construction: 7.0%
Government and Public Authorities: 14.0%
Students: Primary and Secondary: 433,300
University: 7,100
POLITICAL
Official Name: PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Capital: Port Moresby
Type of Government: Parliamentary Democracy
Chief of State: Queen Elizabeth II
Head of Government: Prime Minister Rabbie NAMALIU
Foreign Minister: Michael SOMARE
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 2
Civil Liberties: 3
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: 15.85%
FY 1991 U.S. Foreign Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: none
Military: US$ 75,000
ECONOMY
Currency: Kina, 1 US$ = 0.95 Kina (1990)
Major Industries: wood products, copper mining, fish canning, construction, food
processing, tourism
Major Agricultural Products: coffee, cocoa, copra, palm oil, timber, tea, rubber
Major Imports: machinery, fuels, food, chemicals
Major Exports: gold, copper, coffee, palm oil, logs, cocoa
Per Capita GDP: US$ 770 (1990)
66
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Billions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
2.35
2.19
2.43
2.71
2.92
3.0
2.95
Growth
1.2%
4.8%
5.0%
4.8%
0.5%
-7.5%
-1.6%
CPI Rise
7.4%
3.7%
5.5%
3.3%
5.5%
8.0%
5.4%
Exports
0.894
0.918
1.048
1.172
1.396
1.278
1.3
to U.S.
0.029
0.036
0.048
0.023
0.036
0.032
na
Imports
0.845
0.788
0.844
1.092
1.212
1.330
1.35
from U.S.
0.053
0.041
0.051
0.051
0.113
1.121
na
CurAccount
-0.322
-0.155
-0.105
-0.325
-0.470
-0.70
-0.70
Papua New Guinea is a minor U.S. trading partner
MILITARY
1989 Military Budget: US$ 45,610,000
Increase over 1987: 19.7%
Outlay as a share of GNP: 1.2%
As a share of Government Spending: 4.5%
Total Regular Forces: 3,540
Army: 3,100
Reserves: 0
Navy: 300
Airforce: 140
Combat Aircraft: 3
Naval Vessels: 5 Inshore Patrol Craft
Security Alliance with U.S.: none
Other Security Alliances: Status of Forces Treaty with Australia (1976, updated 1990)
U.S. Military Installations: none
U.S. Military Personnel: none
Foreign Military Personnel: Australian: 290 engineers, trainers and advisers
Armed Opposition Groups: Secessionist Bougainville Revolutionary Army (armed
strength: 200) contests control of Bougainville island
INVESTMENT
1990 U.S. Direct Investment: US$ 232,000,000
1990 Papuan Direct Investment in the U.S.: none
67
THE PHILIPPINES
LAND
Area: 115,830 square miles
Cultivated: 39.1%
Forest: 37%
Pasture: 4%
Resources: timber, petroleum, nickel, iron, cobalt, silver, gold
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 66,117,000
Annual Growth: 2.5%
Life Expectancy: 66 years
Literacy: 88%
Infant Mortality: 48
Fertility: 4.3
Ethnic Divisions: Christian Malay: 91.5%, Muslim Malay: 4%, Chinese: 1.5%,
other: 3%
Workforce: 24,225,000
Unemployment: 8.8% (official rate)
Commerce and Services: 36.2%
Manufacturing: 20.6%
Agriculture and Fishing: 9.9%
Construction: 7.6%
Government and Public Authorities: 25.7%
Students: Primary and Secondary: 13,670,000
University: 2,190,000
POLITICAL
Official Name: REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES
Capital: Manila
Type of Government: Republic
Chief of State: President Corazon AQUINO
Head of Government: same
Foreign Minister: Raul MANGLAPUS
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 3
Civil Liberties: 3
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: 13.68%
FY 1991 U.S. Foreign Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: US$ 353,689,000
Military: US$ 202,600,000
ECONOMY
Currency: Philippine Peso, 1 US$ = 27.94 Pesos (1990)
Major Industries: textiles, pharmaceuticals, wood products, food processing,
electronics, chemicals, oil products
Major Agricultural Products: rice, coconut, sugarcane, corn, bananas, pineapples
Major Imports: petroleum, industrial equipment, wheat
Major Exports: sugar, lumber, bananas, garments, electrical components
Per Capita GDP: US$ 700 (1990)
68
THE PHILIPPINES
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Billions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
31.58
32.12
30.15
34.20
39.08
40.0
46.48
Growth
-6.0%
5.3%
-7.8%
4.7%
6.4%
5.8%
5.7%
CPI Rise
50.3%
23.1%
0.8%
3.8%
8.8%
10.6%
12.5%
Exports
5.343
4.614
4.807
5.696
7.034
7.754
8.200
to U.S.
2.622
2.334
2.150
2.481
2.897
3.308
3.4
Imports
6.262
5.351
5.211
6.937
8.662
11.165
12.114
from U.S.
1.766
1.379
1.363
1.599
1.876
2.206
2.5
CurAccount
-1.268
-0.018
0.971
-0.498
-0.373
-1.6
-1.466
The Philippines are a minor U.S. trading partner
MILITARY
1990 Military Budget: US$ 1,052,000,000
Increase over 1989: -17.8%
Outlay as a share of GNP: 2.9%
As a share of Government Spending: 10.9%
Total Regular Forces: 108,500
Army: 68,000
Reserves: 128,000
Navy: 25,000
Airforce: 15,500
Combat Aircraft:31
Naval Vessels: 2 Frigates, 8 Offshore Patrol Craft, 4 Coastal Craft, 39 Inshore Patrol Craft
Security Alliance with U.S.: U.S. Philippine Mutual Defense Treaties: (1957, 1983)
Other Security Alliances: none
U.S. Military Installations: Clark Field Airbase (to revert to Philippine control in
September 1992), Subic Bay Naval Base, Cubi Point Naval Air Station
U.S. Military Personnel: 5,000 Navy, 8,700 Air Force, 200 Army, 800 Marines
Foreign Military Personnel: none
Armed Opposition Groups: New People's Army: 19,000; Moro National Liberation
Front: 15,000; Moro Islamic Libration Front (breakaway from MNLF): 2,900; Moro
Islamic Reformist Group (breakaway from MNLF): 900; several factions in the
military oppose the current government, including: Reform the Armed Forces Move-
ment (RAM) and the Young Officers Union (YOU)
INVESTMENT
1990 U.S. Direct Investment: US$ 1,655,000,000
1990 Philippine Direct Investment in the U.S.: US$ 77,000,000
69
SINGAPORE
LAND
Area: 239 square miles
Cultivated: 9.5%
Forest: 4.6%
Pasture: 0%
Resources: none
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 2,720,000
Annual Growth: 1.3%
Life Expectancy: 74
Literacy: 87%
Infant Mortality: 8
Fertility: 2.0
Ethnic Divisions: Chinese: 76.4%, Malay: 14.9%, Indian: 6.4%, other 2.3%
Workforce: 1,280,000
Unemployment: 2.0%
Commerce and Services: 60.0%
Manufacturing: 28.5%
Agriculture and Fishing: 0.4%
Construction: 5.0%
Government and Public Authorities: 5.5%
Students: Primary and Secondary: 464,250
University: 46,900
POLITICAL
Official Name: REPUBLIC OF SINGAPORE
Capital: Singapore
Type of Government: One-Party Dominant Republic
Chief of State: President WEE Kim Wee
Head of Government: Prime Minister GOH Chok Tong
Foreign Minister: WONG Kan Seng
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 4
Civil Liberties: 4
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: 14.61%
FY 1991 U.S. Foreign Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: none
Military: US$ 20,000
ECONOMY
Currency: Singapore Dollar, 1 US$ = 1.78 S$ (1990)
Major Industries: petroleum refining, rubber processing, electronics, food processing,
ship repair, garments
Major Agricultural Products: hogs, poultry, orchids, vegetables
Major Imports: capital equipment, manufactured goods, crude oil, transport equipment,
consumer goods
Major Exports:machinery, manufactured goods, transport equipment, refined petro-
leum, rubber, electronics
Per Capita GDP: US$ 12,720 (1990)
70
SINGAPORE
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Billions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
19.13
18.33
19.26
20.72
22.31
29.19
34.59
Growth
8.3%
-1.6%
1.7%
8.8%
11.0%
9.2%
8.3%
CPI Rise
2.6%
0.5%
-1.4%
0.5%
1.5%
3.0%
3.5%
Exports
24.070
22.812
22.501
28.696
39.318
44.769
49.292
to U.S.
4.121
4.412
4.884
6.395
8.223
9.178
9.8
Imports
28.667
26.237
25.513
32.626
43.869
49.694
52.112
from U.S.
3.675
3.476
3.380
4.053
5.739
7.353
8.0
CurAccount
-0.385
-0.004
0.542
0.539
1.660
2.1
4.2
Singapore is the 12th largest U.S. trading partner
MILITARY
1990 Military Budget: US$ 1,640,000,000
Increase over 1989: 10.1%
Outlay as a share of GNP: 5.6%
As a share of Government Spending: 27%
Total Regular Forces: 55,500
Army: 45,000
Reserves: 212,000
Navy: 4,500
Airforce: 6,000
Combat Aircraft: 193
Naval Vessels: 3 Corvette, 6 Fast-Attack Craft (missile), 20 Inshore Patrol Craft,
2 Minesweepers
Security Alliance with U.S.: none, although U.S. and Singaporean forces periodically
excercise together
Other Security Alliances: Five Power Defense Arrangement with Australia, Britain,
New Zealand, Malaysia (1971)
U.S. Military Installations: U.S. will station aircraft in Singapore under a recently signed
agreement
U.S. Military Personnel: less than 100
Foreign Military Personnel: New Zealand: 20
Armed Opposition Groups: none
INVESTMENT
1990 U.S. Direct Investment: US$ 3,971,000,000
1990 Singaporean Direct Investment in the U.S.: US$ 1,129,000,000
71
SOLOMON ISLANDS
LAND
Area: 10,980 square miles
Cultivated: 2%
Forest: 93%
Pasture: 1%
Resources: timber, marine shells, phosphates, gold, bauxite
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 335,100
Annual Growth: 3.5%
Life Expectancy: 69
Literacy: 60%
Infant Mortality: 40
Fertility: 6.3
Ethnic Divisions: Melanesian: 93%, Polynesian: 4%, Micronesian: 1.5%,
European: 0.8%, Chinese: 0.3%
Workforce: 23,500
Unemployment: na
Commerce and Services: 4.7%
Manufacturing: 3.0%
Agriculture and Fishing: 32.5%
Construction: 3.0%
Government and Public Authorities: na
Students: Primary and Secondary: na
University: na
POLITICAL
Official Name: SOLOMON ISLANDS
Capital: Honiara
Type of Government: Parliamentary Democracy
Chief of State: Queen Elizabeth II
Head of Government: Solomon MAMALONI
Foreign Minister: Paul TOVUA
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 1
Civil Liberties: 1
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: 14.89%
FY 1991 U.S. Foreign Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: none
Military: US$ 50,000
ECONOMY
Currency: Solomon Islands Dollar, 1 US$ = 2.53 SI$ (1990)
Major Industries: fish canning, rice milling, wood products, furniture, garments,
handicrafts, boatbuilding
Major Agricultural Products: fish, coconuts, timber, yams, taro
Major Imports: transport equipment, foodstuffs, mineral fuels, manufactured goods
Major Exports: fish timber, copra, palm oil, seashells
Per Capita GDP: US$ 570 (1989)
72
SOLOMON ISLANDS
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Millions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
151.99
130.40
149.0
124.0
130.0
133.0
na
Growth
6.4%
6.4%
6.4%
0.8%
5.3%
5.5%
5.0%
CPI Rise
11.0
9.6%
13.6%
11.0%
17.3%
10.8%
10.2%
Exports
89.780
69.819
65.350
64.290
80.2
72.0
67.3
to U.S.
1.052
1.676
0.043
4.64
3.0
1.0
0.1
Imports
65.589
69.224
60.930
67.600
118.0
110.2
86.0
from U.S.
2.188
1.442
1.39
8.0
5.0
6.0
na
Cur Account
5.3
-23.0
-9.0
-4.0
-16.0
na
na
The Solomon Islands are a minor U.S. trading partner
MILITARY
1990 Military Budget: na
Increase over 1989: na
Outlay as a share of GNP: na
As a share of Government Spending: na
Total Regular Forces: none
Army: none
Reserves: none
Navy: none
Airforce: none
Combat Aircraft: none
Naval Vessels: none
Security Alliance with U.S.: none
Other Security Alliances: none
U.S. Military Installations: none
U.S. Military Personnel: none
Foreign Military Personnel: Australian: small number of advisers to paramilitary forces
Armed Opposition Groups: none
INVESTMENT
1990 U.S. Direct Investment: none
1990 Solomon Island Direct Investment in the U.S.: none
73
SRI LANKA
LAND
Area: 25,332 square miles
Cultivated: 35.7%
Forest: 44.2%
Pasture: 6.5%
Resources: limestone, graphite, mineral sands, gems, phosphates
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 17,196,000
Annual Growth: 1.5%
Life Expectancy: 70
Literacy: 87%
Infant Mortality: 31
Fertility: 2.3
Ethnic Divisions: Sihalese: 74%, Tamil: 18%, Moor: 7%, other 1%
Workforce: 6,400,000
Unemployment: 20%
Commerce and Services: 26.3%
Manufacturing: 13.3%
Agriculture and Fishing: 45.5%
Construction: 4.6%
Government and Public Authorities: 10.0%
Students: Primary and Secondary: 3,830,000
University: 20,000
POLITICAL
Official Name: DEMOCRATIC SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF SRI LANKA
Capital: Colombo
Type of Government: Republic
Chief of State: President Ransinghe PREMADASA
Head of Government: same
Foreign Minister: Harold HARATH
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 4
Civil Liberties: 5
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: 12.12%
FY 1991 U.S. Foreign Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: US$ 43,664,000
Military: US$ 160,000
ECONOMY
Currency: Sri Lankan Rupee, 1 US$ = 39.89 Rupees (1990)
Major Industries: rubber, consumer goods, textiles, garments, tea and coconut
processing, oil products
Major Agricultural Products:tea, rice, rubber, coconuts, spices
Major Imports: petroleum, machinery, transport equipment, sugar, textiles, rice, wheat
Major Exports: tea, rubber, petroleum products, textiles, coconuts, gems and jewelry
Per Capita GDP: US$ 415 (1990)
74
SRI LANKA
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Billions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
5.50
5.95
6.38
6.66
7.0
6.9
7.1
Growth
5.1%
5.0%
4.3%
1.5%
2.6%
2.5%
4.0%
CPI Rise
16.6%
1.5%
8.0%
7.7%
14.0%
11.6%
18.0%
Exports
1.436
1.265
1.163
1.334
1.481
1.540
1.7
to U.S.
0.302
0.313
0.376
0.464
1.459
0.491
0.137
Imports
1.846
1.832
1.829
2.056
2.279
2.186
2.3
from U.S.
0.092
0.073
0.066
0.077
0.126
0.143
0.538
CurAccount
0.001
-0.418
-0.417
-0.344
-0.350
-0.31
-0.33
Sri Lanka is a minor U.S. trading partner
MILITARY
1989 Military Budget: US$ 223,000,000
Increase over 1988: -30.5%
Outlay as a share of GNP: 3.3%
As a share of Government Spending: 22%
Total Regular Forces: 65,100
Army: 50,000
Reserves: 25,000
Navy: 8,100
Airforce: 7,000
Combat Aircraft: 9
Naval Vessels: 2 Coastal Patrol Craft, 36 Inshore Patrol Craft
Security Alliance with U.S.: none
Other Security Alliances: some terms of the Indo-Sri Lankan Accord (1987) may
still apply
U.S. Military Installations: none
U.S. Military Personnel: none
Foreign Military Personnel: none
Armed Opposition Groups: Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (secessionist Tamil
group): 2,000
INVESTMENT
1989 U.S. Direct Investment: US$ 16,000,000
1990 Sri Lankan Direct Investment in the U.S.: US$ -1,000,000
75
THAILAND
LAND
Area: 198,500 square miles
Cultivated: 38%%
Forest: 29%
Pasture: 1%
Resources: tin, rubber, natural gas, tungsten, tantalum, timber
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 55,115,000
Annual Growth: 1.3%
Life Expectancy: 67
Literacy: 82%
Infant Mortality: 34
Fertility: 2.1
Ethnic Divisions: Thai: 75%, Chinese: 14%, other: 11%
Workforce: 30,850,000 Unemployment: 5.8%
Commerce and Services: 20.5%
Manufacturing: 10.0%
Agriculture and Fishing: 57.0%
Construction: 2.7%
Government and Public Authorities: 6.3%
Students: Primary and Secondary: 9,200,000
University: 359,000
POLITICAL
Official Name: KINGDOM OF THAILAND
Capital: Bangkok
Type of Government: Constitutional Monarchy, under caretaker government
Chief of State: King BHUMIBOL ADULYADEJ (Rama IX)
Head of Government: Anand PANYARACHUN
Foreign Minister: Asa SARASIN
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 2
Civil Liberties: 3
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: 14.12%
FY 1991 U.S. Foreign Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: US$ 15,995,000
Military: US$ 2,400,000
ECONOMY
Currency: Baht, 1 US$ = 25.30 Baht (1990)
Major Industries: agricultural processing, textiles and garments, wood, cement, mining,
light manufactures, tourism, tobacco
Major Agricultural Products: rice, sugarcane, corn, rubber, tobacco
Major Imports: machinery and transport equipment, fuels and lubricants, base metals,
chemicals and fertilizers
Major Exports: rice, sugar, corn, rubber, tin, textiles and garments, integrated circuits,
canned seafood, fruits
Per Capita GDP: US$ 1,440 (1990)
76
THAILAND
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Billions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
40.70
36.70
40.96
45.66
54.551
60.0
79.33
Growth
7.1%
3.5%
4.7%
7.1%
11.0%
11.0%
12.2%
CPI Rise
0.9%
2.4%
1.8%
2.5%
3.8%
5.5%
5.4%
Exports
7.414
7.123
8.864
11.564
15.956
20.028
23.397
to U.S.
1.426
1.543
1.873
2.387
3.420
4.635
5.3
Imports
10.415
9.260
9.165
13.003
20.140
25.296
28.090
from U.S.
1.114
0.849
0.936
1.544
1.892
2.292
3.0
CurAccount
-2.109
-1.537
0.247
-0.365
-1.671
-2.1
-6.1
Thailand is the 22nd largest U.S. trading partner
MILITARY
1990 Military Budget: US$ 2,040,000,000
Increase over 1989: 13.3%
Outlay as a share of GNP: 2.8%
As a share of Government Spending: 16.4%
Total Regular Forces: 283,000
Army: 190,000
Reserves: 500,000
Navy: 50,000
Airforce: 43,000
Combat Aircraft: 185
Naval Vessels: 5 Frigates,2 Corvettes, 6 Fast-Attack Craft (missile), 14 Coastal Patrol
Craft, 30 Inshore Patrol Craft, 7 Minesweepers
Security Alliance with U.S.: Informal Rusk-Thanat Communique of 1962 obliges the
U.S. to assist in Thailand's defense; U.S. and Thai forces participate in annual
military exercises.
Other Security Alliances: none
U.S. Military Installations: none
U.S. Military Personnel: none
Foreign Military Personnel: none
Armed Opposition Groups: Communist Party of Thailand: 200; Phak Mai (Viet-
nam/Laos-backed communists): less than 100; Patani United Liberation Organization
and Barisan Revolusi Nasional (Islamic): numbers unknown
INVESTMENT
1990 U.S. Direct Investment: US$ 1,515,000,000
1990 Thai Direct Investment in the U.S.: US$ 137,000,000
77
VANUATU
LAND
Area: 4,700 square miles
Cultivated: 6%
Forest: 1%
Pasture: 2%
Resources: manganese, hardwood, cattle, fish
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 165,000
Annual Growth: 3.2%
Life Expectancy: 69
Literacy: 15%
Infant Mortality: 35
Fertility: 5.5
Ethnic Divisions: Melanesian: 94%, French: 4%, other: 2%
Workforce: na
Unemployment: na
Commerce and Services: na
Manufacturing: na
Agriculture and Fishing: na
Construction: na
Government and Public Authorities: na
Students: Primary and Secondary: na
University: an
POLITICAL
Official Name: REPUBLIC OF VANUATU
Capital: Port-Vila
Type of Government: Republic
Chief of State: President Fred TIMAKATA
Head of Government: Prime Minister Walter LINI
Foreign Minister: Daniel KALPOKAS
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 2
Civil Liberties: 3
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: 11.00%
FY 1991 U.S. Foreign Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: none
Military: US$ 30,000
ECONOMY
Currency: Vatu, 1 US$ = 116.74 Vatu (1990)
Major Industries: fish-freezing, canneries, tourism
Major Agricultural Products: copra, cocoa, coffee, taro, yams, coconuts, fruits
Major Imports: food, consumer goods, machinery, transport equipment, fuels
Major Exports: copra, frozen fish, meat
Per Capita GDP: US$ 890 (1989)
78
VANUATU
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Millions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
79.0
na
na
113.0
120.0
120.0
na
Growth
2.0%
1.1%
-2.0%
0.3%
0.6%
4.5%
4.7%
CPI Rise
5.5%
1.1%
4.8%
na
8.5%
9.2%
5.1%
Exports
na
19.0
9.0
14.0
15.0
16.0
13.0
to U.S.
na
na
0.4.
0.9
8.0
15.0
na
Imports
na
52.0
47.0
57.0
58.0
58.0
71.0
from U.S.
na
na
na
na
2.0
1:0
na
CurAccount
19.3
1.3
-2.8
na
na
na
na
Vanuatu is a minor U.S. trading partner
MILITARY
Vanuatu maintains no armed forces
Security Alliance with U.S.: none
Other Security Alliances: none
U.S. Military Installations: none
U.S. Military Personnel: none
Foreign Military Personnel: Australian: small number of advisers to paramilitary forces
Armed Opposition Groups: none
INVESTMENT
1990 U.S. Direct Investment: na
1990 Vanuatu Direct Investment in the U.S.: US$ 2,000,000
79
VIETNAM
LAND
Area: 127,200 square miles
Cultivated: 20%
Forest: 31.3%
Pasture: 14.8%
Resources: phosphates, coal, manganese, bauxite, apatite, chromite
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 66,171,000
Annual Growth: 2.1%
Life Expectancy: 64
Literacy: 78%
Infant Mortality: 50
Fertility: 3.8
Ethnic Divisions: Vietnamese: 85%, Chinese: 3%, Thai, Muong, Meo,
Khmer, Man, Cham: 10%
Workforce: 32,900,000
Unemployment: 10% (est.)
Commerce and Services: 5.0%
Manufacturing: 5.0%
Agriculture and Fishing: 73.0%
Construction: na
Government and Public Authorities: 10%
Students: Primary and Secondary: 11,850,000
University: 152,000
POLITICAL
Official Name: SOCIALIST REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM
Capital: Hanoi
Type of Government: Communist State
Chief of State: Secretary General Do MOUI
Head of Government: Prime Minister Vo Van KIET
Foreign Minister: NGUYEN Manh Cam
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 7
Civil Liberties: 7
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: 9.90%
FY 1991 U.S. Foreign Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: none
Military: none
ECONOMY
Currency: Dong, 1 US$ = 6,510.0 Dong (1990)
Major Industries: food processing, textiles, machine building, mining, cement, fertilizer
Major Agricultural Products: rice, rubber, fruits and vegatables, corn, sugarcane,
cassava, coffee
Major Imports: petroleum, steel, railroad equipment, chemicals, medicines, military
equipment, wheat, corn, fertilizer
Major Exports: rice, agricultural and handicraft products, coal, ores
Per Capita GDP: US$ 215 (1989)
80
VIETNAM
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Billions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
8.9
na
na
12.8
12.9
14.2
na
Growth
na
5.6%
3.3%
2.6%
5.7%
5.5%
2.4%
CPI Rise
na
na
1000.0%
1000.0%
700.0%
50.0%
40.0%
Exports
0.238
0.296
0.291
0.366
0.458
0.740
1.5
to U.S.
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
na
Imports
0.509
0.554
0.534
0.541
0.642
0.741
na
from U.S.
0.022
0.020
0.030
0.023
0.015
0.011
na
CurAccount
na
-1.1
na
na
-0.8
-1.6
-1.6
Vietnam is not a U.S. trading partner.
("Imports" from U.S. are mostly remittances sent to relatives)
MILITARY
1989 Military Budget: US$ 2,500,000,000 (est.)
Increase over 1988: na
Outlay as a share of GNP: 20%
As a share of Government Spending: na
Total Regular Forces: 1,052,000
Army: 900,000
Reserves: 4,500,000
Navy: 40,000
Airforce: 112,000 (including Air Defense)
Combat Aircraft: 250
Naval Vessels: 7 Frigates, 8 Fast-Attack Craft (missile), 23 Fast Attack Craft (torpedo),
2 Offshore Patrol Craft, 31 Inshore Patrol Craft, 5 Minesweepers
Security Alliance with U.S.: none
Other Security Alliances: Peace, Friendship, and Cooperation Treaty with Laos (1977);
Peace, Friendship, and Cooperation Treaty with Cambodia (1979); Cooperation and
Mutual Friendship Treaty with USSR (1978)
U.S. Military Installations: none
U.S. Military Personnel: none
Soviet Military Installations: Da Nang Airbase, Cam Ranh Bay Naval and Airbase
Foreign Military Personnel: Soviet: small number of advisers, airmen and sailors
Armed Opposition Groups: a small number of groups oppose the government with
minimal effect
INVESTMENT
1990 U.S. Direct Investment: none
1990 Vietnamese Direct Investment in the U.S.: none
81
WESTERN SAMOA
LAND
Area: 1,130 square miles
Cultivated: 24%
Forest: 47%
Pasture: 0%
Resources: hardwood, fish, copra, cocoa
POPULATION
1990 Estimate: 186,000
Annual Growth: 2.3%
Life Expectancy: 66
Literacy: 90%
Infant Mortality: 48
Fertility: 4.6
Ethnic Divisions: Samoan: 92%, Euronesian: 7%, other: 1%
Workforce: 37,000
Unemployment: na
Commerce and Services: na
Manufacturing: na
Agriculture and Fishing: 60%
Construction: na
Government and Public Authorities: na
Students: Primary and Secondary: na
University: na
POLITICAL
Official Name: INDEPENDEDNT STATE OF WESTERN SAMOA
Capital: Apia
Type of Government: Constitutional Monarchy under native chief
Chief of State: King MALIETOA Tunumafili II
Head of Government: Prime Minister Tofilau ETI
Foreign Minister: same
1991 Freedom House Index (1 is highest, 7 is lowest)
Political Freedom: 2
Civil Liberties: 2
1989 Voting with U.S. at U.N.: 21.95%
FY 1991 U.S. Foreign Assistance (Allocations)
Economic: none
Military: none
ECONOMY
Currency: Tala, 1 US$ = 2.31 Tala (1990)
Major Industries: timber, tourism, light industry, fishing
Major Agricultural Products: cocoa, bananas, copra, coconuts
Major Imports: food, manufactured goods, machinery, fuel
Major Exports: cocoa, timber, mineral fuel, bananas
Per Capita GDP: US$ 730 (1989)
82
WESTERN SAMOA
ECONOMIC STATISTICS
(Millions of US$, percentages where appropriate)
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
GDP
na
86.8
93.0
93.0
100.0
123.75
134.46
Growth
na
na
na
na
2.0%
3.5%
3.5%
CPI Rise
11.9%
9.1%
7.2%
3.2%
8.5%
12.2%
8.4%
Exports
19.75
27.26
10.49
11.08
14.70
15.39
17.73
to U.S.
7.0
25.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
4.0
na
Imports
50.33
50.73
47.94
61.96
69.19
71.5
74.52
from U.S.
4.0
2.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
4.0
na
CurAccount
0.68
1.86
-4.8
-5.4
-5.9
-7.6
-5.6
Western Samoa is a minor U.S. trading partner
MILITARY
1989 Military Budget: na
Increase over 1988: na
Outlay as a share of GNP: na
As a share of Government Spending: na
Total Regular Forces: none
Army: none
Reserves: none
Navy: none
Airforce: none
Combat Aircraft: na
Naval Vessels: na
Security Alliance with U.S.: none
Other Security Alliances: none
U.S. Military Installations: none
U.S. Military Personnel: none
Foreign Military Personnel: Australian: small number of advisers to paramilitary forces
Armed Opposition Groups: none
INVESTMENT
1989 U.S. Direct Investment: US$ 1,000,000
1989 Western Samoan Direct Investment in the U.S.: none
83
Selected Heritage Foundation
Policy Studies
Mandate for Leadership III: Policy Strategies for the 1990s
edited by Charles L. Heatherly and Burton Yale Pines
(1989, $29.95, hardcover, $15.95 paperback)
The Imperial Congress: Crisis in the Separation of Powers
edited by Gordon S. Jones and John Marini (1989, $24.95)
The Annual Guide to Public Policy Experts 1991
edited by Robert Huberty and Barbara Hohbach (1991, $9.95)
U.S. and Africa Statistical Handbook 1991
compiled and edited by Michael Johns (1991, $8.00)
Critical Issues
Reshaping Europe: Strategies for a Post-Cold War Europe
edited by Kim R. Holmes and Jay P. Kosminsky (1990, $10.00)
SDI At The Turning Point: Readying Strategic Defenses for the 1990s and Beyond
edited by Kim R. Holmes and Baker Spring (1990, $10.00)
A Conservative Agenda for Black Americans
edited by Joseph Perkins (Second edition, 1990, $7.00)
A National Health System for America
edited by Stuart M. Butler and Edmund F. Haislmaier (Revised edition, 1989)
Protecting the Environment: A Free Market Strategy
edited by Doug Bandow (1986, $7.00)
Entrepreneurship: The Key to Economic Growth
edited by Stuart M. Butler and William J. Dennis, Jr. (1986, $8.00)
U.S. Aid to the Developing World: A Free Market Agenda
edited by Doug Bandow (1985, $8.00)
Banking and Monetary Reform: A Conservative Agenda
by Catherine England (1985, $6.95)
For a publication catalog - or to order any of the above - write:
The Publications Department, The Heritage Foundation
214 Massachusetts Avenue, N.E., Washington, D.C.
Japan
Information
Resources
in the
United States
1990
KEIZAI KoHo CENTER
Japan Institute for Social and Economic Affairs
Japan
Information
Resources
in the
United States
1990
KEIZAI KoHo CENTER
Japan Institute for Social and Economic Affairs
First Edition: November 1985
Second Edition: March 1986
Third Edition: June 1990
Editor in Chief: Mitsuru Tomita
Editorial Adviser: Yoichi Anzai
Editor: Gretchen M. Zimmer
Typesetting by IN COLD TYPE, New York
Produced by IRM (U.S.A.) INC.
220 East 42nd Street, 27th Fir.
New York, New York 10017
Tel. (212) 983-3131
Publisher:
Keizai Koho Center
6-1, Otemachi 1-chome
Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100 Japan
Tel. (03) 201-1415
Fax (03) 201-1418
Telex 222-5452 KKCTOK J
© 1990 by Keizai Koho Center (Japan Institute for Social and Economic Affairs)
All rights reserved
ISBN 4-87605-021X
Printed in U.S.A.
The editors of this edition have used due care and utmost caution in the
preparation of this publication, but the accuracy and completeness of the
descriptions are not guaranteed as they are primarily based on the informa-
tion provided by respective organizations listed herein.
Table of Contents
Introduction
5
Japanese Government Organizations
7
U.S. Government Organizations
11
JETRO Offices
17
Chambers of Commerce
19
Industry Associations
21
Japan Societies
23
Nonprofit Organizations
35
University Programs
51
Research Institutions
87
Libraries
97
Museums
121
Alphabetical Index
129
Geographical Index
137
3
Introduction
Since the publication of the last edition of this
guide in 1986, there has been considerable pro-
gress in the U.S.-Japan relationship. However, as
we see in the ongoing U.S.-Japan Structural
Impediments Initiative talks, the impact of the
expanding Japanese economy and its influence
is being more seriously reexamined in the U.S.;
hence, understanding Japan in greater depth is
required now more than ever before.
There are many information resources about
Japan in the United States, but the full breadth
and variety of available information has been
appreciated by only a few. This guide aims to
expand the awareness of Japan information
resources to many American citizens beyond the
researchers and scholars whose specialization is
on Japan.
In compiling this revised edition, we have
updated the descriptions of the organizations
listed in the last edition and added a few new
listings through extensive research and coopera-
tion from many people associated with these
organizations to whom we owe many thanks for
their effort. We also created this time a new
category of information resources for Museums
as we realized the excellent collections pertain-
ing to Japan at these museums have been play-
ing a major role in exposing essential cultural
aspects and the heritage of Japan to the
general public.
As we recognize that even this revised edi-
tion is not complete nor perfect, users of this
guide are invited to submit information on
potential listings, which users consider worth-
while, for future editions. Comments on or sug-
gestions for improving this publication are also
always welcome.
We hope that "Japan Information Resources
in the United States, 1990" will contribute to
the better understanding of Japan by many
Americans.
June 1990
5
Japanese Government Organizations
Embassy of Japan
Public Affairs Dept.
2520 Massachusetts Ave., N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20008
Tel. (202) 939-6700
Fax (202) 265-9484
Consulates General
Agana
Guam International Trade
(Guam):
Center Bldg., Suite 604
590 South Marine Drive
Tamuning, Guam 96911
Tel: (671) 646 1290/5220
Anchorage:
909 West 9th Ave., Suite 301
Anchorage, Alaska 99501
Tel: (907) 279-8428/29
Atlanta:
400 Colony Square Bldg., Suite 1501
1201 Peachtree Street, N.E.
Atlanta, Georgia 30361
Tel: (404) 892-2700
Boston:
Federal Reserve Plaza, 14th Flr.
600 Atlantic Ave.
Boston, Massachusetts 02210
Tel: (617) 973-9772-74
Chicago:
737 N. Michigan Ave., Suite 1100
Chicago, Illinois 60611
Tel: (312) 280-0400
Honolulu:
1742 Nuuanu Ave.
Honolulu, Hawaii 96817-3294
Tel: (808) 536-2226
Houston:
First Interstate Bank Plaza
1000 Louisiana-Street, Suite 5300
Houston, Texas 77002
Tel: (713) 652-2977
Kansas City:
2519 Commerce Tower
911 Main Street
Kansas City, Missouri 64105-2076
Tel: (816) 471-0111
7
Los Angeles:
250 East First Street, Suite 1507
Los Angeles, California 90012
Tel: (213) 624-8305
New Orleans:
639 Loyola Ave., Suite 2050
New Orleans, Louisiana 70113
Tel: (504) 529-2101/02
New York:
299 Park Ave., 18th Flr.
New York, New York 10171
Tel: (212) 371-8222
Portland:
2400 First Interstate Tower
1300 S.W. 5th Ave.
Portland, Oregon 97201
Tel: (503) 221-1811
San Francisco:
50 Fremont Street, 23rd Flr.
San Francisco, California 94105
Tel: (415) 777-3533
Seattle:
Two Union Square Bldg.
601 Union Street, Suite 500
Seattle, Washington, 98101
Tel: (206) 682-9107-10
Permanent Mission of Japan to the United Nations
866 United Nations Plaza
New York, New York 10017
Tel: (212) 223-4300
Information Centers
The Japanese Government maintains four official informa-
tion centers in the United States, one each in Washington,
D.C., Chicago, New York and San Francisco. Their major
functions are: (1) sponsoring lectures, meetings, symposia,
and conferences on Japan-related topics; (2) showing Japa-
nese films and operating a film loan service for educational
and civic organizations; (3) distributing information mater-
ials and publications about Japan; (4) organizing cultural
events such as film shows, exhibits, musical performances,
and flower arranging and tea ceremony demonstrations;
(5) maintaining a reading and reference library which is
open to the public; and (6) answering inquiries about Japan
by mail or phone.
8
Japanese Government Organizations
Washington, D.C.: Japan Information and Culture Center
917 19th Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20006
Tel: (202) 939-6900
(Note: as of Fall 1990 the address will be:
1155 21st Street
Washington, D.C. 20036)
Chicago:
Japan Information Service
737 North Michigan Ave., Suite 1000
Chicago, Illinois 60611
Tel: (312) 280-0430
New York:
Japan Information Center
299 Park Ave., 18th Flr.
New York, New York 10171
Tel: (212) 371-8222
San Francisco:
Japan Information Service
50 Fremont Street, 22nd Flr.
San Francisco, California 94105
Tel: (415) 974-1170
The Japan Development Bank
New York Representative Office
575 Fifth Ave.
New York, New York 10017
Tel: (212) 949-7550
Fax: (212) 949-7558
Key Person: Mr. Masahiko Imazato, Chief Representative
Brief Description of Organization: Japanese Governmental
Bank. JDB has programs specially designed for foreign-
owned companies to set up business facilities in Japan.
JDB has established a Center for Promotion of Direct
Investment in Japan, in both the New York Representative
Office and the Washington, D.C. Representative Office.
Number of Staff:
4
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Economic Data of Japan; Capital Expenditure in Japan;
Foreign Direct Investment into Japan
Publications: Principal Economic and Social Indicator
(Monthly), Economic Notes (Monthly)
Subscription Price: (Free)
9
U.S. Government Organizations
Department of Agriculture
Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS)
14th Street and Independence Ave., S.W.
Washington, D.C. 20250
Tel: (202) 447-3253
Fax: (202) 447-6063
Key Person: Thomas Hamby, Deputy Assistant Administra-
tor, Foreign Agricultural Affairs, FAS
Economic Research Service: Contact the Japan analyst in
the Asia Section of the International Economic Division for
information on Japanese agricultural production and U.S.
agricultural exports to Japan.
The Economic Research Service publishes the results of
its research activities. Its publications are available to the
public at the Government Printing Office Bookstores. The
GPO Bookstore has four branches in Washington, D.C.,
aside from its Central Office at North Capital Street
between G and H Streets: at the Departments of Com-
merce, Defense, Health and Human Services, and State.
Call (202) 783-3238.
Foreign Agricultural Service: Contact the Japan and China
officer of the Asia, Africa & Eastern Europe Division
(ITP), regarding U.S. policies toward Japan and U.S.-Japan
trade in agricultural commodities.
Department of Commerce
International Trade Administration
Office of Japan
Room 2318
14th & Constitution Ave., N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20230
Tel: (202) 377-4527
Fax: (202) 377-0469
Key Person: Maureen R. Smith, Deputy Assistant Secretary
for Japan
Brief Description of Organization: The Office of Japan
develops and coordinates policy guidance and program
recommendations for and activities in Japan.
Number of Staff:
(Related to Japan)
17
Specific Activities related to Japan: Develop, implement,
C
and monitor U.S.-Japan trade policies.
Educate American industries regarding export opportuni-
ties in the Japanese market in order to increase U.S.
exports of goods and services to Japan.
11
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Marketing in Japan, Exporting to Japan, U.S.-Japan Trade
Policies
Publications: Overseas Business Report Marketing in
Japan
Department of Defense
Office of East Asia and the Pacific
The Pentagon
Washington, D.C. 20301
Tel: (202) 545-6700
Department of Education
Center for International Education
400 Maryland Ave., S.W.
Bldg. ROB-3, Room 3052
Washington, D.C. 20202-5332
Tel: (202) 708-7283
Department of Labor
Office of International Economic Affairs
200 Constitution Ave., N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20210
Tel: (202) 523-6171
Department of State
Office of Japanese Affairs
EAP/J Room 420
Washington, D.C. 20520
Tel: (202) 647-3152
Fax: (202) 647-7350
Key Person: R. Morford, Director of Economic Section
Brief Description of Organization: The Office of Japanese
Affairs is part of the Department of State's Bureau of East
Asia and Pacific Affairs. It is divided into a political sec-
tion and an economic section, each of which is managed by
a deputy director. The office director, currently John
Malott, directs the entire office.
Specific Activities related to Japan: The Office of Japanese
Affairs coordinates overall U.S.-Japanese relations within
the State Department. It is the principal source of analysis
and expertise on Japanese Affairs. It assists Department
officials in managing U.S.-Japanese relations. The Office
serves as a major point of contact for both the Japanese
12
U.S. Government Organizations
diplomatic representation in Washington and U.S. Embassy
in Tokyo. The Office of Japanese Affairs also represents
the State Department in the inter-agency deliberations
within the U.S. Government that focus on Japan.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Political; Economic; Security; Cultural
Department of Transportation
Office of Policy & International Affairs
400 Seventh Street, S.W.
Washington, D.C. 20590
Tel: (202) 366-4000
Environmental Protection Agency
Office of International Activities, A-106
401 M Street, S.W.
Washington, D.C. 20460
Tel: (202) 382-7394
Contact: Kathleen Gaaserud, Program Manager for Asia,
Africa and the Middle East
Department of the Treasury
15th Street and Pennsylvania Ave., N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20220
Tel: (202) 566-2064
Contact: Helen Walsh, Economist at the Japan Desk
Office of the United States
Trade Representative (USTR)
600 Seventeenth Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20506
Tel: (202) 395-3900
Key Person: Joseph A. Massey, Assist. U.S. Trade Rep. for
Japan and China
Office of Assistant U.S. Trade Representative for Japan
and China: The office of U.S. Trade Representative is
directly involved with trade negotiations between the U.S.
and various countries, including Japan and China. The
Office of the Assistant U.S. Trade Representative is in
charge of various U.S.-Japan trade issues and could be a
valuable resource concerning the legal aspects of trade and
trade policies.
13
International Trade Commission (ITC)
500 E Street, S.W.
Washington, D.C. 20436
Tel: (202) 252-1000
Key Person: Kim Frankena, Japan Economist
(202) 252-1265
The Commission advises the President and Congress on
tariff and trade matters. The research office conducts a
variety of investigations, public hearings, and research
projects pertaining to the international policies of the
United States. A quasi-judicial function of the ITC is to
hear unfair trade cases brought by American Industry. The
Commission also has reading rooms which are open to the
public in the Office of the Secretary and the Commission
Library.
United States Information Agency (USIA)
301 4th Street, S.W.
Washington, D.C. 20547
Tel: (202) 619-5982 Office of Research
Tel: (202) 619-5838 Area Office
The United States Information Agency is entrusted with the
task of promoting mutual understanding between the peo-
ple of the United States and those of other countries, while
the Office of Research specializes in assessing the impact
of U.S. foreign policy decisions on public opinion abroad.
The Office has five geographic units, including the East
Asia and Pacific Branch where the Japan area specialist is
located. The Office conducts research on public opinion in
priority countries, and prepares daily summaries of foreign
media reaction for the President, the Agency's director, and
foreign affairs community.
National Science Foundation
1800 G Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20550
Tel: (202) 357-9632 Alex De Angelis
Japan Program
Division of International Programs
Tel: (202) 357-7278 NACSIS
(Japan Program)
Gateway to Japan's University based
National Science Information System
(202) 357-7278
The Division of International Programs administers numer-
ous bilateral, cooperative scientific research activities.
14
U.S. Government Organizations
Japan-United States Friendship Commission
1200 Pennsylvania Ave., N.W., Suite 3416
Washington, D.C. 20004
Tel: (202) 275-7712
Fax: (202) 275-7413
Key Person: Lindley S. Sloan, Executive Director
Brief Description of Organization: An independent agency
of the U.S. Government charged with making grants for
educational, cultural and artistic exchange between Japan
and the U.S. The Commission is governed by a board of
eighteen Americans from both public and private sectors.
The chairman is Dr. John H. Makin of the American
Enterprise Institute.
Number of Staff:
(Related to Japan)
5
Specific Activities related to Japan: All Commission
activities grant-making - are related to Japan. Five fields
of activity: Japanese Studies; American Studies; Policy
Research; Public Affairs/Education; Arts. Grantees
are both American and Japanese organizations and
institutions.
Congressional Research Service
101 Independence Ave., S.W.
Room LM-203
Washington, D.C. 20540
Tel: (202) 707-5775
Fax: (202) 707-2615
Key Person: Joseph E. Ross, Director
Brief Description of Organization: CRS is a department of
the Library of Congress providing research, analysis, and
information to Members and Committees of the U.S.
Congress.
Number of Staff:
860
Specific Activities related to Japan: Research and analysis
of public policy issues.
Library of Congress
10 First Street, S.E. and
Independence Ave., RM LA-1014
Washington, D.C. 20540
Tel: (202) 707-5430/5431
Fax: (202) 707-1724
Key Person: Hisao Matsumoto, Director, Japanese Section,
Asian Division
Brief Description of Organization: The Japanese Section is
one of the largest and most comprehensive collections of
information resources on Japan in the United States.
15
Topics covered include general works, philosophy, relig-
ion, Japanese history, geography, anthropology, economics,
political science education, music, and fine arts, language
and linguistics, literature, science and technology, military
science and bibliographies. The collection has special
strengths in the humanities, social sciences, and particu-
larly in its periodical holdings in the areas of science and
technology. Furthermore it has a remarkable collection of
research works on Asia and the Pacific region written by
the Japanese government before and during World War II.
The section also possesses comprehensive sets of Japanese
government publications received on an exchange basis.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
716,748
(in English)
(In general collection)
Japanese Periodicals
17,600
Office of Technology Assessment
United States Congress
Washington, D.C. 20510-8025
Tel: (202) 224-9241
Fax: (202) 228-6098
Key Person: Mr. James E. Jensen, Director, Office of Con-
gressional Affairs
Brief Description of Organization: OTA is an analytical
support agency of the United States Congress. OTA works
directly with and for the Committees of Congress, provid-
ing them with objective, thorough analysis of technological
issues. Governed by a congressional board and advised by
a council of distinguished citizens, OTA operates with a
multi-disciplinary staff. It draws extensively on the techni-
cal and professional resources of universities, industry,
public interest and citizen groups, State and local officials,
and individuals to ensure excellence in quality and impar-
tial presentation of all views.
Number of Staff:
143
(Related to Japan)
10
Specific Activities related to Japan: Analysis of trade,
competition, economic and national security relationships
and policies.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
(in English)
50+
Japanese Periodicals
5
Publications: Various reports on technologies, research
and developments related to Japan. Cost of documents
varies. Ordering information available from Government
Printing Office and from our office and from the National
Technical Information Service (NTIS).
16
JETRO Offices
Japan External Trade Organization (JETRO) is a non-
profit, government supported organization headquartered in
Tokyo. JETRO sponsors activities geared to expanding
imports by Japan, two way direct investment and interna-
tional industrial cooperation. JETRO offices in the United
States put particular emphasis on assisting U.S. companies'
efforts to export to Japan. This includes providing a variety
of marketing and general information, business consulting,
and sponsoring trade/buying missions, trade shows and
seminars. Inquiries are welcomed at the following seven
JETRO offices in the United States:
New York
McGraw-Hill Bldg., 44th Floor
1221 Ave. of the Americas
New York, New York 10020-1060
(212) 997-0400
San Francisco
Qantas Bldg., Suite 501
360 Post Street
San Francisco, California 94108
(415) 392-1333
Chicago
401 North Michigan Ave., Suite 660
Chicago, Illinois 60611
(312) 527-9000
Los Angeles
725 South Figuerora Street, Suite 1890
Los Angeles, California 90017
(213) 624-8855
Houston
1221 McKinney
One Houston Center, Suite 2360
Houston, Texas 77010
(713) 759-9595
17
Atlanta
Marquis One Tower, Suite 2012
245 Peachtree Center Ave.
Atlanta, Georgia 30303
(404) 681-0600
Denver
1200 Seventeenth Street, Suite 1410
Denver, Colorado 80202
(303) 629-0404
Publications and Films: The following is a partial list of
publications and audio-visuals produced by JETRO. Please
note that availability is subject to change.
Monthly Periodicals:
Focus Japan
New Technology Japan
JETRO Monitor
Series on Markets, Economics, and Doing Business:
JETRO Marketing Series
Your Market in Japan
Business Information Series
Access to Japan's Import Market
Books:
Nippon
Handy Facts on US-Japan Economic Relations
Setting Up A Business In Japan
Directories:
Japan Trade Directory
Japanese-Affiliated Companies in U.S.A. and Canada
Films and Videos:
Urikomi (Entering the Japanese Market)
The Japanese Consumer-New Needs and Diversified
Tastes
Japanese Corporate Decision Making
18
Chambers of Commerce
The Japanese Chambers of Commerce serve as business
and information exchange centers for the community. They
arrange business meetings between U.S. and Japanese
businesspeople. The activities of the JCC are many and
very diverse, including seminars and lectures. As well,
they publish an annual directory of membership, business
directories, trade index, maps and tourist handbooks. Some
reference materials are available, published in both Japa-
nese and English.
Their offices are located in the following cities:
Japanese Chamber of Commerce and Industry of
New York, Inc.
115 East 57th Street, 6th Floor
New York, New York 10022
(212) 935-0303
(Please note: As of Spring, 1991, the New York address
will change to:
145 West 57th Street
New York, New York 10019)
Japanese Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Chicago
401 North Michigan Ave., Suite 602
Chicago, Illinois 60611
(312) 332-6199
Japanese Chamber of Commerce of Southern California
244 South San Pedro Street, Suite 504
Los Angeles, California 90012
(213) 626-3067
Japanese Chamber of Commerce of Northern California
685 Market Street, Suite 820
San Francisco, California 94105
(415) 543-8522
Japanese Chamber of Commerce of Atlanta
c/o Fuji Bank
N.E. Marquis One Tower
245 Peachtree Center Ave., Suite 2100
Atlanta, Georgia 30303-1208
(404) 653-2115
Honolulu Japanese Chamber of Commerce
2454 South Boretania Street
Honolulu, Hawaii 96826-1596
(808) 949-5531
19
Industry Associations
Japan Automobile Manufacturers
Association, Inc. (JAMA)
1050 17th Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20036
Tel: (202) 296-8537
Fax: (202) 872-1212
Key Person: Akihiko Miyoshi, General Director
Brief Description of Organization: On behalf of member
Japanese automobile manufacturers, the Association
gathers information on trade and export markets, auto-
mobile production, safety, and pollution regulations in the
United States. It also acts as a liaison between JAMA head-
quarters in Japan and related industry associations in the
United States, and it disseminates information relating to
the Japanese automobile industry.
Number of Staff:
6
(Related to Japan)
6
Reference Library
Japanese Periodicals (Appointment only)
Publications: The JAMA FORUM (a quarterly) and NEWS
FROM JAMA (a monthly). To subscribe, contact Allen
Walker.
Japan Electronics Bureau
250 West 34th Street
Suite 1533
New York, New York 10119
Tel: (212) 489-6270
Fax: (212) 279-6134
Key Person: Mamoru Tsukamoto, Director
Brief Description of Organization: : This Bureau operates
as the U.S. Liaison Office of the Electronics Industries
Association of Japan (EIAJ), and provides information
about the Japanese electronics industry.
Publications: EIAJ Newsletter (Quarterly-Free), Facts &
Figures on the Japanese Electronics Industry (Annual)
Subscription Price: (Facts & Figures $50.00)
Remarks: Both publications are available through
Baron/Canning & Co., Inc.
555 Madison Ave., 12th Flr.
New York, New York 10022
Tel: (212) 751-7100
21
Japan Iron & Steel Exporters' Association
Three Lafayette Center
1155 21st Street, N.W., Suite 600
Washington, D.C. 20036
Tel: (202) 429-4766
Fax: (202) 429-2978
Key Person: Akimasa Sano, Director
New York Office
230 Park Ave., Suite 1527
New York, New York 10169
Tel: (212) 697-6864
Fax: (212) 867-7114
Key Personnel: Takahiko Nagano, New York Representa-
tive; Tamio Machii, Manager
Brief Description of Organization: On behalf of member
companies the Association gathers information and reports
to its Japan headquarters on developments in the steel trade
with the United States.
JISEA maintains Japan Steel Information Center (JSIC)
in New York. This Center conducts a variety of communi-
cations programs, including information exchange with
American opinion leaders and providing Japanese speakers
at annual meetings and other forums sponsored by U.S.
trade associations, educational institutions and other
groups. JSIC also invites U.S. economists and others in
steel-related fields to Japan for exchange of views.
Number of Staff:
2 (200 in Japan)
(Related to Japan)
2
Number of Members: 60 companies
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
To assist persons abroad in gaining a broader and deeper
understanding of the Japanese steel industry, and to pro-
mote the utilization of steel products and steel application
technologies, JISEA publishes Steel Today & Tomorrow
and Japan's Iron & Steel Handbook. Both publications are
in English and are widely distributed overseas. The former
is a periodical featuring news of the industry and the latest
information about steel applications and technologies. The
latter is a reference handbook of characteristics and appli-
cations of the principal steel products currently manufac-
tured in Japan, as well as a directory of members.
Publications: Steel Today & Tomorrow (quarterly), Japan's
Iron & Steel Handbook (annually)
Subscription Price: (Free)
22
Japan Societies
The Japan-America Society of Alabama
2100 First Ave. North, Suite 500
Birmingham, Alabama 35203
Tel: (205) 328-5272
Fax: (205) 324-8822
Key Personnel: Mr. Charles B. Todd, President; Mrs.
Hilda Lockhart, Executive Director
**Japan America Society of Austin, Inc.
P.O. Box 1967
Austin, Texas 78767
Tel: (512) 472-0269
Fax: (512) 478-9615
Key Person: Angelos G. Angelou, President
Brief Description of Organization: The Society serves as a
forum for educational, cultural and business exchanges
between Austin and Japan. Organizing seminars and
hosting events.
Number of Members: 150
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
10
(in English)
50
Japanese Periodicals
40
Publications: Newsletter (monthly)
Japan Society of Boston
22 Batterymarch Street
Boston, Massachusetts 02109
Tel: (617) 451-0726
Fax: (617) 451-1191
Key Person: Charlotte A. Beattie, Executive Director
Brief Description of Organization:
Number of Staff:
4
Specific Activities related to Japan: Monthly cultural and
business programs to foster better understanding of Japan.
Sponsored calendar keeps members up-to-date each month
of Japan related activities in New England.
Recent Activities- Rakugo, Sake tasting, Business
Symposium on Trade and Politics Japan/U.S.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
300
(in English)
500
Japanese Periodicals
10
23
The Japan Society of Northern California
350 Sansome Street
Suite 630
San Francisco, California 94104
Tel: (415) 986-4383
Fax: (415) 986-5772
Key Personnel: Mr. Michael R. Moyle, President;
Mr. Thomas A. Wilkins, Exec. Dir.; Dr. R.J. Garrick,
Asst. Dir.
Japan America Society of Southern California
ARCO Plaza, Level C
505 South Flower Street
Los Angeles, California 90071
Tel: (213) 627-6217
Fax: (213) 627-1353
Key Personnel: Mr. Walter F. Beran, President; Mr. Steven
C. Clemons, Exec. Dir.; Ms. Regan Kibbee, Asst. Dir.
Japan America Society of Chicago, Inc.
303 West Madison, Suite 1020
Chicago, Illinois 60606
Tel: (312) 263-3049
Fax: (312) 263-6120
Key Person: Dr. Richard P. Soter, Executive Director
Brief Description of Organization: Nonprofit, nonpolitical
organization dedicated to promoting mutual goodwill and
understanding between the peoples of Japan and the United
States
Number of Staff:
3
Number of Members: 1,750
Specific Activities related to Japan: Sponsor business
luncheons and cultural programs designed to educate mem-
bership about the importance of the bilateral relationship
on the promotion of international stability. Recently
launched a series of meetings: Chicago Symposium, to be
held annually. For corporate members, the Society
arranges to introduce Japanese to Americans and
Americans to Japanese in the Midwestern states.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
25
(in English)
1,000
Publications: Annual Report, Program Announcements
and Newsletters
Subscription Price: (Free)
24
Japan Societies
Japan America Society of Colorado
707-17th Street, Suite 2300
Denver, Colorado 80202
Tel: (303) 296-2323, Ext. 8306
Key Person: Ms. Beverly Washihek, Program Director
Greater Detroit and Windsor Japan-America
Society
First National Building, Suite 600
Detroit, Michigan 48226
Tel: (313) 963-1988
Fax: (313) 963-8839
Key Personnel: Mr. Ronald J. Steffens, President; Ms.
Shirley J. Baker, Executive Director
The Japan-America Society of Central
Florida, Inc.
1211 N. Westshore Blvd.
Suite 802
Tampa, Florida 33609
Tel: (813) 289-6283
Fax: (813) 870-0915
Key Personnel: Mr. Paul Camp Lane, President;
Mr. Robert W. Payne, Exec. Dir.; Dr. Mark T. Orr,
Board Member
*Japan Society of South Florida
World Trade Center, Suite 2000
80 S.W. 8th Street
Miami, Florida 33130
Tel: (305) 358-6006
Key Personnel: Mr. Yoichi Kobayshi, President; Ms. Akiko
Endo, Executive Director
The Japan-America Society of Georgia
225 Peachtree Street, N.E.
South Tower, Suite 710
Atlanta, Georgia 30303
Tel: (404) 524-7399
Fax: (404) 524-8447
Key Person: Sara C. Englade, Executive Director
Brief Description of Organization: Non-profit organization
with Japanese and American corporations and individuals
as members. The Society plans business, cultural, social,
and educational programs to provide a vehicle for Japanese
and Americans to meet and associate with Georgians on a
personal basis.
25
Number of Staff:
4
Number of Members: 1,350
Specific Activities related to Japan: Speaker programs,
cultural events (i.e. kabuki, garden tours, picnics,
Bonenkai) seminars.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in English)
50
Japanese Periodicals
15
Publications: Newcomers Guide to Georgia - in English
and Japanese ($23) Economic Review- in English and Japa-
nese (annual) ($7.50)
Japan-America Society of Honolulu
P.O. Box 1412,
Honolulu, Hawaii 96806
Tel: (808) 524-4450
Fax: (808) 524-4451
Key Personnel: Howard Hamamoto, President; William T.
Panttaja, Executive Director
Brief Description of Organization: Non-profit association
whose mission is to strengthen mutual understanding and
cooperation between the peoples of Japan and the United
States in the State of Hawaii.
Number of Staff:
3
Number of Members: 615
Specific Activities related to Japan: Hold various meet-
ings, events and activities to bring members together for
educational presentations on cultural, social, political, or
economic aspects of the U.S.-Japan bilateral relationship.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
The society gathers information, conducts studies on Japa-
nese investment in Hawaii, cultural influence of early Meiji
immigrants to Hawaii, statistics of Japanese visitors to
Hawaii etc., and makes them available to the public.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
79
(in English)
156
Japanese Periodicals
17
Publications: Japan-America Journal (bi-monthly),
Directory of Members (annually)
Subscription Price: (Free)
Japan America Society of Houston, Inc.
17 S. Briar Hollow Lane, Suite 301
Houston, Texas 77027
Tel: (713) 963-8376
Fax: Same-not a dedicated line
Key Person: N.L. (Bud) Allison, Executive Director
26
Japan Societies
Brief Description of Organization: The Society is a cross-
cultural membership organization of Americans and Japa-
nese business and cultural groups providing a vehicle for
learning more about each other through various occasions
of exchanges. This includes sister city programs, and close
workings with Japanese businesses, their associations,
JETRO, government representatives and people.
Number of Staff:
2
Number of Members: 800
Specific Activities related to Japan: Language classes,
cooking classes, business council luncheons covering many
common programs, musical and other cultural activities,
hosting visitors, serving as resource for local business men
and schools regarding items of interest in Japan. How to
get along in US, how to meet and get along in Japan, sister
city exchanges, youth and business leader exchanges, inter-
national festivals
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Travel, how to get along with Japanese, how to begin a
business in Japan.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
Approx. 30-35
(in English)
Approx. 250-300
Japanese Periodicals
Several
Publications: Japan News, Japan Exec. Report (weekly, bi-
weekly)
Subscription Price: (Japan Exec. Brief $300 Annual)
Japan America Society of Indiana, Inc.
First Indiana Plaza,
Suite 1570
135 North Pennsylvania Street
Indianapolis, Indiana 46204
Tel: (317) 635-0123
Fax: (317) 261-9333
Key Personnel: Dr. Gene E. Sease, President; Mr. Mitchell
E. Daniels, Sr. Exec. Dir.; Ms. Theresa A. Kulczak, Asst.
Exec. Dir.
Japan America Society of Kentucky
P.O. Box 333
Lexington, Kentucky 40584
Tel: (606) 231-7533
Fax: (606) 252-3979
Key Personnel: Mr. Glen M. Krebs, Chairman; Ms.
Sheilah T. Sympson, Exec. Dir.
27
Japan America Society of Maine
P.O. Box 8461
One Bank Road
Portland, Maine 04104
Tel: (207) 774-4014
Fax: (207) 773-4023
Key Personnel: Mr. Stephen T. Honey, President; Ms.
Judith T. Goodwin, Exec. Dir.
**Japan America Society of Minnesota
6101 Halifax Ave. S
Edina, Minnesota 55424
Tel: (612) 920-5182
Key Personnel: Sondra Simonson, President; Martin Y.
Hirabayashi, Board Member
Brief Description of Organization: Private, non-profit,
non-political association of Americans and Japanese in
Minnesota promoting mutual understanding between peo-
ple of the two nations through Japanese art, culture, per-
sonal friendship, business and other shared purposes.
Specific Activities related to Japan: Business seminars:
How to do Business with Japan; Joint World Affairs ses-
sions: Problems in Japanese-U.S. Relationship; Panel ses-
sions with the Kansai Productivity Center Group at Univ.
of MN
Publications: Newsletter (monthly)
The Japan Society of New Hampshire
P.O. Box 1226
Portsmouth, New Hampshire 03802-1226
Tel: (603) 433-1360
Fax: (603) 431-9973
Key Personnel: Mr. Charles B. Doleac, President; Mr.
Mori Mitsui, Executive Director
Japan Society, Inc.
333 East 47th Street
New York, New York 10017
Tel: (212) 832-1155
Fax: (212) 755-6752
Key Person: William H. Gleysteen, Jr., President
Brief Description of Organization: Founded in 1907 by a
group of prominent Americans and Japanese, the purpose
of the society was to promote friendly relations between the
United States and Japan and to diffuse among the Ameri-
can people a more accurate knowledge of Japan. During
decades of activities since then, the society maintained the
28
Japan Societies
same objectives. Under the leadership of the late John D.
Rockefeller III, the Society's activities were reinvigorated
in the early 50's after the difficult period of U.S.-Japan
relationship of World War II. Society's staff and programs
have been greatly expanded to date to include a broad range
of educational activities, exchange programs, exhibits, con-
ferences and other events, and has been playing a leading
role among U.S.-Japan friendship organizations in the U.S.
Number of Staff:
50
Number of Members: 7,000
Specific Activities related to Japan: Conferences, semi-
nars, discussion meetings, orientations, lectures, language
classes, art exhibitions, films, performing arts, exchange
programs.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
Approx. 500
(in English)
10,000
Japanese Periodicals
35
Publications: Newsletter (11 times a year)
Seminar: reports, studies, surveys, exhibition catalogues,
various programs.
Subscription Price: (Free)
Japan America Society of Oregon
221 N.W. Second Ave.
Portland, Oregon 97209
Tel: (503) 228-9411 x235, 236
Fax: (503) 228-5126
Key Personnel: Mr. Glen Ulmer, President; Ms. Dixie
McKeel, Exec. Dir.; Ms. Lynn Longfellow, Asst. Dir.
Japan America Society of Pennsylvania
20 Stanwic Street, 12 Flr.
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15222
Tel: (412) 394-4705
Fax: (412) 394-4688/9
Key Personnel: Mr. Yoshito Tokumitsu, President; Ms.
Patricia Winton, Exec. Dir.
Japan America Society of Phoenix
P.O. Box 654
Phoenix, Arizona 85001
Tel: (602) 649-1236
Fax: (602) 461-8090
(602) 968-3542
Key Person: Penny Levy, Executive Director
29
Brief Description of Organization: Corporations, indivi-
duals and organizations comprising the Society member-
ship are dedicated to strengthening ties of friendship and
facilitating mutual understanding between the people of
Japan and the United States.
Number of Staff:
2
Number of Members: 250
Specific Activities related to Japan: Annual 2-day Matsuri,
Annual Japan Week, Seminars, Film Festivals, Language
Classes, On-site cultural and business orientations, Satur-
day School
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Martial Arts, Food, History, Business Practices, Educa-
tion, Various Arts, Women's Issues
Publications: Newsletter (monthly), "Things Japanese"
Directory (yearly)
Subscription Price: (Free to members and interested
businesses.)
Japan-America Society of Rhode Island
222 Richmond Street
Suite 107
Providence, Rhode Island 02903
Tel: (401) 272-7790
Key Person: Ms. Maureen Mezei, Exec. Dir.
Japan America Society of St. Louis, Inc.
25 North Brentwood Blvd.
St. Louis, Missouri 63105
Tel: (314) 726-6822
Fax: (314) 721-5083
Key Personnel: Mr. Anthony M. DiPaolo, President; Ms.
Kathy Shell, Admin. Asst.
*Japan America Society of San Antonio
411 S.W. 24th Street
San Antonio, Texas 78207-4666
Tel: (512) 435-5534
Fax: (512) 436-0824
Key Personnel: Mr. Edward Gordon, President; Dr. Margit
Nagy, Director, Japan Information Center; Mr. Don Olsen,
First Vice President
30
Japan Societies
*Japan America Society of Tucson
4541 East Tenth Street
Tucson, Arizona 85711
Tel: (602) 881-5670
Key Person: Mr. Minoru Yanagihashi, President
*The Japan America Society of Tulsa
6602 East 73rd Street
Tulsa, Oklahoma 74133
Tel: (918) 492-9147
Key Person: Mr. Jyo Umezawa, President
The Japan-America Society of Vermont
92 Ethan Allen Ave.
Suite 321
Fort Ethan Allen
Colchester, Vermont 05446
Tel: (802) 655-4197
Key Person: Mr. Ronald Provost, President
The Japan-Virginia Society
830 East Main Street, Suite 304
Richmond, Virginia 23219
Tel: (804) 783-0740
Fax: (804) 788-0447
Key Personnel: Ms. Barbara M. Nesbitt, Executive
Director; Mr. C. Coleman McGehee, President; Mr.
Michael P. Drzal, Secretary
The Japan-America Society of Washington,
D.C., Inc.
606 18th Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20006
Tel: (202) 289-8290
Fax: (202) 789-8265
Key Person: Patricia R. Kearns, Executive Director
Brief Description of Organization: The Japan-America
Society of Washington, D.C. was founded in 1957 as a
501(c)3 nonprofit, nonpartisan educational and cultural
organization to promote friendship and understanding
between the peoples of the United States and Japan. The
Society sponsors lectures, conferences, exhibits,
performances.
Number of Staff:
3
Number of Members: 2,000
31
Specific Activities related to Japan: The Society sponsors
lectures, conferences, exhibits, performances, workshops,
Japanese language instruction and assistance to local
schools as well as an annual scholarship for study in Japan.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
The Society's offices at DACOR-Bacon House Mews house
an 800 volume library on Japan including periodicals
pertaining to Japan and is open to the public from 9 a.m.
through 5 p.m.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
100
(in English)
over 800
Publications: US-Japan Science and Technology
Exchange, 1988; Foreign Lawyers' Law in Japan, 1989;
Guide to Things Japanese in Washington, DC updated
Subscription Price: (Call for information)
Japan-America Society of the State of Washington
One Union Square Bldg.
600 University Street
Suite 1925
Seattle, Washington 98101-3163
Tel: (206) 623-7900
Fax: (206) 343-7930
Key Personnel: Mr. Dennis Okamoto, President;
Ms. Susan S. Mochizuki, Exec. Dir.; Ms. Christine Rose,
Asst. Dir.
Associated Japan-America Societies of the
United States, Inc.
333 East 47 Street
New York, New York 10017
Tel: (212) 832-1155
Fax: (212) 755-6752
Key Person: Robert W. Garrity, Executive Director
Brief Description of Organization: The Associated Japan-
America Societies (AJAS) is a non-profit, national organi-
zation formed on August 1, 1979 under the leadership of
Ambassador U. Alexis Johnson to provide a cooperative
network among independent Japan-America societies.
Number of Staff:
3
Number of Members: 25 member-societies
Specific Activities related to Japan: Each AJAS member-
society works to educate its own community about Japan
and provides a forum for informed discussion and debate
on matters pertaining to U.S.-Japan relations.
32
The AJAS promotes the exchange and sharing of ideas,
information and program resources among its member
societies. In addition, the AJAS assists and advises newly
forming Japan-America societies.
*Societies expected to join AJAS
**Societies not affiliated with AJAS
33
Nonprofit Organizations
The American Committee for KEEP, Inc.
P.O. Box 404
Evanston, Illinois 60204
Tel: (708) 475-6446
Fax: (708) 869-0312
Key Person: Mrs. Kathleen McCain Engman, Executive
Secretary
Brief Description of Organization: "KEEP"=Kiyosato
Educational Experiment Project, founded in 1950 to
support KEEP's establishment in Kiyosato, Yamanashi-ken.
Today the ACK works together with KEEP to carry out its
mission of "Food, Faith, Health, Hope for Youth, World
Peace and Environment" by supporting KEEP's grassroots
programs in education, health, agriculture, international
exchange and spiritual development in Japan and
elsewhere.
American Staff
1
Am. Volunteer Board
Members
13
Staff in Japan
100
Specific Activities related to Japan: Annual Kiyosato
Environmental Education Forum; Youth Camp; St. John's
Nursery School; Ohio Experimental Farm; Sister City
Program; English Teaching Program; and, soon to be
announced: Paul Rusch Memorial Center for International
Outreach.
The Asia Society
725 Park Ave.
New York, New York 10021
Tel: (212) 288-6400
Fax: (212) 517-8315
Key Personnel: John C. Whitehead, Chairman; Robert B.
Oxnam, President; Jan Arnet and Marshall M. Bouton,
Vice Presidents
Brief Description of Organization: Founded by John D.
Rockefeller 3rd in 1956 as a non-profit, non-political public
educational organization, the Society is dedicated to impro-
ving American understanding of Asia's cultures, politics,
and economies. The Society, which is chartered as an
educational institution by the Board of Regents of New
York State, maintains its headquarters in New York City as
well as offices in Washington, Houston and Los Angeles.
35
Specific Activities related to Japan: Major Activities:
(1) Education: The Society assists primary and secondary
school teachers of Asian studies in developing new
concepts and methods for teaching about Asia by providing
study models and curriculum materials; (2) Galleries: The
galleries exhibit Asian art on loan as well as display their
permanent collections. Lecture services, film showings and
guided group tours of the galleries are also available;
(3) Performing Arts: The Society brings authentic, tradi-
tional forms of Asian theatre, music and dance to American
audiences; (4) Contemporary Affairs: In order to familiar-
ize diverse American audiences with Asian contemporary
affairs, history and values and to strengthen the dialogue
between Americans and Asians, the Society distributes its
publications and conducts national and international
conferences, corporate meetings and seminars, media
briefings, and courses and lectures; (5) China Council: The
Council analyzes contemporary events in the People's
Republic of China, Taiwan and Hong Kong, as well as
issues concerning U.S.-China relations for both specialized
and general audience; and (6) Publications: A newsletter,
an annual report, and promotional brochures are published.
Events: The Society sponsors the Williamsburg Confer-
ence, an annual meeting of 35 to 40 leaders from the
United States and other Pacific countries, that focuses on
political, security, economic and developmental problems
affecting Asia.
Publications: Newsletter (quarterly for members), Annual
Report and Promotional Brochures
The Association of Teachers of Japanese
Japanese Program
Middlebury College
Hillcrest 1
Middlebury, Vermont 05753
Tel: (802) 388-3711 ext. 5915
Fax: (803) 388-9646
Key Personnel: Hiroshi Miyaji, President; Nobuo Ogawa,
Secretary; Kyoko Takashi, Treasurer; Linda Keenan,
Newsletter Editor
Brief Description of Organization: The Association is an
international organization dedicated to teaching and
scholarship in the fields of Japanese language, linguistics,
literature, film and other aspects of Japanese culture. ATJ
seeks to foster contact and the exchange of information
among teachers and other professionals at all levels of
education, government and business.
Specific Activities related to Japan: The Association holds
an annual meeting of its general membership and of the
36
Nonprofit Organizations
executive committee in conjunction with the annual meet-
ing of the Association for Asian Studies. It also responds to
letters and phone inquiries, provides members with job
placement services.
Publications: Journal of the Association of Teachers of
Japanese (twice a year), Newsletter of the ATJ (Three times
a year)
Council on International Educational Exchange
205 E. 42nd Street
New York, New York 10017
Tel: (212) 661-1414
Fax: (212) 972-3231
Key Person: Cindy Sittler, Director of Academic Programs
Brief Description of Organization: CIEE is a not-for-profit
organization which develops and administers a wide variety
of study, work and travel programs for American and
international students at the secondary undergraduate,
graduate and professional levels.
Number of Staff:
450
Number of Members: 238 institutions
Specific Activities related to Japan: CIEE administers the
Cooperative Japanese Business and Society Program at
Obirin University, Japan. The summer or semester program
is offered to undergraduates, graduates, and young profes-
sionals with an interest in Japanese Business or economics.
Participants are housed with Japanese Families. Corporate
Fellowship and Internships are available for qualified can-
didates. The corporate awards will provide the students
with hands on experience in the Japanese corporate culture.
Global Economic Action Institute
551 Fifth Ave., Suite 1601
New York, New York 10017
Tel: (212) 370-0800
Fax: (212) 557-6039
821 Massachusetts Ave., N.E.
Washington, D.C. 20002
Tel: (202) 547-4090
Key Personnel: Jim Howell, Manager, New York City;
Laurence Baer, Exec. Assist. to the Chairman,
Washington, D.C.
Brief Description of Organization: GEAI is a non-profit,
educational institute concerned with informing the general
public on issues relating to finance, banking and economics
on an international level. The vehicle is normally a seminar
or conference held in New York (HQ) or one of our 12
national divisions.
37
Number of Staff:
12
(Related to Japan)
4
Number of Members: 1,500
Specific Activities related to Japan: Over the past three
years, the Institute has held a number of seminars in coor-
dination with The Japan Chamber of Commerce and Indus-
try in New York. These deal with the relationship between
the U.S. and Japan regarding the topics of investment in the
U.S. by Japan and increasing U.S. exports to Japan. In
January of 1990, the Institute held a conference in Tokyo,
Japan under the guidance of our Chairman, Hon. Kioaki
Kikuchi, former Ambassador to the U.N. from Japan.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Increasing U.S. exports to Japan; Japanese investment in
the U.S.; International trade, investment and finance
between the U.S. and Japan.
Publications: The Pacific Citizen (weekly)
Subscription Price: (Free to members, $25 annually to
non-members)
Japanese American Citizens League
1765 Sutter Street
San Francisco, California 94115
Tel: (415) 921-5225
Fax: (415) 931-4671
Key Person: William Yoshino, Director
Brief Description of Organization: The Japanese American
Citizens League (JACL) is a community, nonprofit, educa-
tional, human and civil rights organization representing
Americans of Japanese ancestry and has the support of over
26,000 members.
The JACL was initiated in 1928 and inaugurated in 1929.
It has the longest history of all Japanese American organi-
zations in the United States and has contributed much to
the changes in discriminatory laws, the improvement of the
status of Japanese Americans, and the solutions of other
problems involving minorities.
The JACL consists of and is governed by 115 chapters
located across the mainland U.S., Hawaii and in Japan, and
separated into eight regional districts. Every two years,
representatives of the chapters and districts (National
Council) meet to determine the policy direction of the
JACL and to elect National Officers to the National Board
of Directors. Through these governing bodies and the
assistance of the national office, Washington, D.C. office,
and five regional offices, the JACL seeks to achieve its
stated goals through educational and legislative means.
38
Nonprofit Organizations
Number of Staff:
18
Number of Members: 26,000
Specific Activities related to Japan: Provisions of
educational and cultural programs that increase public
awareness and understanding of Japanese Americans and
enhance U.S.-Japan relations.
Japanese American Cultural and
Community Center
244 South San Pedro Street, Suite 505
Los Angeles, California 90012
Tel: (213) 628-2725
Fax: (213) 617-8576
Key Person: Gerald D. Yoshitomi, Executive Director
Brief Description of Organization: The JACCC was
8
established to promote the Japanese American heritage and
to encourage greater understanding of the culture of Japan
in the U.S. to foster mutual respect and friendship. The
JACCC is a unique, world-class ethnic cultural center,
encompassing 2 acres in redeveloped Little Tokyo, Los
Angeles.
Number of Staff:
21
Number of Members: 1,800
Specific Activities related to Japan:
1. Presentation of a variety of performing arts in the Japan
America Theatre, including traditional and
contemporary events from Japan, from the local Japa-
nese American community and from the arts scene in
California, especially in Los Angeles.
2. Presentation of exhibits of traditional and contemporary
visual arts.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
The 11,000-plus volume Franklin D. Murphy Library
within the facility have a large resource of up-to-date
reference material on Japan and Japanese Americans.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
11,000+
(in English)
1,650
Japanese Periodicals
35-50 titles
Publications: Calendar of Events (every 2 months)
Subscription Price: (Comes with membership.
$35/annually)
39
The Japan-America Student
Conference, Inc. (JASC)
606 18th Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20006
Tel: (202) 289-4231
Fax: (202) 789-8265
Key Person: Tracy L. Walczak, Executive Director
Brief Description of Organization: In 1934, the first Japan-
American Student Conference was initiated in Tokyo by a
group of Japanese university students who, at a time of
deteriorating relations between the two countries, felt an
urgent need to promote mutual understanding. The Confer-
ence became institutionalized when, the following year, the
American delegation sponsored a reciprocal Conference.
Since JASC's founding, it has held to the general theme of
"Promoting Peace through Mutual Understanding, Friend-
ship and Trust." Accordingly, JASC provides a unique
opportunity for American and Japanese students from
diverse backgrounds to carry out an extensive exchange of
views on a wide variety of subjects.
Number of Staff:
3
Number of Members: 760 American Alumni
Specific Activities related to Japan: The Japan-America
Student Conference is an annual four-week conference of
80 university students, 40 American and 40 Japanese, held
alternately in the United States and Japan during each sum-
mer. Conference participants will be in constant contact
with each other, allowing an intensive, dynamic exchange
of opinions as well as an opportunity to implement the
goals of the theme. The Conference consists of ten discus-
sion groups, forums, field study tours and lectures as well
as home-stay visits. Each delegate must present a paper on
an agreed upon topic to the discussion group which ana-
lyzes these papers.
Publications: Conference Bulletin (annual) and Executive
Director's Report (annual)
Japanese American Social Services, Inc. (JASSI)
275 Seventh Ave., 15th Flr.
New York, New York 10001
Tel: (212) 255-1881
Key Person: Cyril Nishimoto, Director
Brief Description of Organization: Non-profit organization
which addresses the special needs of members of Japanese
community in New York area. Provides counseling,
advocacy, interpreting, referrals, other social services to
immigrants, elderly, students from Japan, the abused, and
40
Nonprofit Organizations
others who hesitate to seek help from mainstream agencies
owing to barriers of language and culture and unfamiliarity
with procedures.
Number of Staff:
5
Specific Activities related to Japan: Fund raising activities
and events
Publications: JASSI publishes a monthly newsletter.
Japan Business Association
of Southern California (JBA)
345 South Figueroa Street
Suite 206
Los Angeles, California 90071
Tel: (213) 485-0160
Fax: (213) 626-5526
Key Person: Takashi Kawahito, Executive Director
Brief Description of Organization: Nonprofit organization
comprised of Japan-based corporations doing business in
Southern California. The primary objective of Japan Busi-
ness Association of Southern California is to promote two-
way trade between Japan and the state of California, and in
the process, cultivate mutual understanding and goodwill.
Number of Staff:
7
(Related to Japan)
6
Number of Members: 40 associate members
642 corporate members
Specific Activities related to Japan: Japanese "U.S. Educa-
tors to Japan" Program; "JBA Scholarship" Program; JBA
Womens Committee; Various seminars, and gatherings for
members; Educational Contribution Committee; JBA
Family Club; JBA Better Investing Environment Com-
mittee
Publications: 1) "All About Education in Southern Califor-
nia" (in Japanese) 2) "Annual Survey of Corporate Contri-
butions, 1987 Edition" (Translated to Japanese from the
Conference Board report) 3) "JBA Corporate Membership
Roster" (in English) Updated Monthly
The Japan Center of Tennessee
Middle TN. State University
Murfreesboro, Tennessee 37132
Tel: (615) 898-2229
Fax: (615) 898-5538
Key Person: Dr. Esther Millon Seeman, Director
Brief Description of Organization: The Japan Center of
Tennessee represents a state-wide effort by the Governor,
the General Assembly, state agencies, and educational
boards to strengthen the already developing relationship
41
between Tennessee and Japan. The Center's primary goal is
to enhance Tennessee citizens' knowledge of the culture and
society of contemporary Japan. This enhancement will pro-
vide for mutual understanding between the Japanese and
Tennesseans and for a positive climate in which to continue
and extend cooperative economic ventures.
Number of Staff:
7
(Related to Japan)
4
Specific Activities related to Japan: Statewide bi-cultural
activities; teacher workshops; liaison for Japanese Sup-
plementary Schools; cultural publications; consultations
with American companies; origami workshops; community
presentations, Japanese films, museum and media projects;
exhibits.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Japanese educational system, information on exchange pro-
grams, Japanese management, educational systems and
business culture
Publications: Newsletter in English and Japanese (bi-
annually), Things Japanese (booklet), and Glimpse of
Japanese Culture (booklet), Japan & I (book) $15.00
Japan Foundation, Inc.
142 West 57th Street, 6th Flr.
New York, New York 10019
Tel: (212) 949-6360
Fax: (212) 687-8596
Key Personnel: Mr. Tsuyoshi Chida, Director; Mr. Isao
Tsujimoto, Assistant Director; Ms. Ninette Enrique, Pro-
gram Associate
244 South San Pedro Street
Suite 508
Los Angeles, California 90012
Tel: (213) 617-1159
Key Person: Mr. Akira Matsushiro, Director (LA)
Brief Description of Organization: Non-profit organization
whose objective is to promote international cultural
exchange and mutual understanding between Japan and
other countries. Gives grants and fellowships.
Number of Staff:
4 (New York)
2 (Los Angeles)
Specific Activities related to Japan: The Japan Foundation
offers a Professional Fellowship (for academic faculty mem-
bers and other professionals with substantial training and
experience in some aspect of Japanese studies) and a Dis-
sertation Fellowship (for doctoral candidates in the social
sciences and humanities) to provide scholars, researchers
and other professionals in the United States with an oppor-
tunity to conduct research in Japan. Library Support Pro-
42
Nonprofit Organizations
gram: The Foundation donates books and other materials
relating to Japan to college and university libraries as well
as to other institutions with Japanese programs.
Reference Library: Both NY and LA have Reference
Libraries, with volumes in both English and Japanese.
Japan International Christian University
Foundation
475 Riverside Drive, Room 1848
New York, New York 10115
Tel: (212) 870-2893
Fax: (212) 870-2499
Key Person: Betty Gray, Executive Director
Brief Description of Organization: Works in support of
International Christian University in Tokyo, Japan.
Number of Staff:
5
(Related to Japan)
1
Number of Members: 2,500
Specific Activities related to Japan: Providing educational
information specifically about International Christian
University (ICU) in Tokyo, Japan. Fund raising for pro-
gram and scholarship. Distribution in academic materials,
application forms, to exchange colleges and prospective
students. Coordinate support in North America.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Catalogues for full academic program at ICU; for Summer
Program in Japanese.
Japan Productivity Center
United States Office
1729 King Street, Suite 100
Alexandria, Virginia 22314
Tel: (703) 838-4414
Fax: (703) 838-0419
Key Person: Mr. Daisaku Harada, Director
Brief Description of Organization: Non-Profit Educational
Foundation
Number of Staff:
7
(Related to Japan)
5
Specific Activities related to Japan: Exchange program for
Japanese corporate managers; seminars and forums; infor-
mation gathering and transmissions.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Japanese and American management techniques and prac-
tices; U.S.-Japan relations.
Publications: Productivity News (newsletter) (quarterly)
Subscription Price: ($20/year)
43
Manufactured Imports Promotion Organization
2000 "L" Street
Suite 616
Washington, D.C. 20036
Tel: (202) 659-3729
Fax: (202) 887-5159
Key Person: Tomoo Isaka, Director
Brief Description of Organization: Information and assistance
to American establishments entering the Japanese market.
Publications: Publications from Tokyo can be acquired
through this office.
National Research Council,
Office of Japan Affairs
2101 Constitution Ave., N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20418
Tel: (202) 334-2815
Fax: (202) 334-2614
Key Person: Martha Caldwell Harris, Director
Brief Description of Organization: The Office of Japan
Affairs (OJA) is part of the National Research Council,
which serves as the staff for the National Academies of
Science and Engineering and the Institute of Medicine,
which are private non-profit organizations.
Number of Staff:
(Related to Japan)
4
Specific Activities related to Japan: OJA works with the
committee on Japan of the National Research to address the
policy issues surrounding a changing US-Japan relationship
in science and technology; organizes symposia and studies
on issues such as private sector technology links, including
some bilateral meetings on topics such as access to R & D
and the structures of the R & D systems in the two coun-
tries; serves as a resource to the Academy complex on
information relating to Japanese science and technology.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Scientific and technological developments in Japan; science
and technology policy; US-Japan technological linkages;
R & D Systems.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
150
(in English)
500
Publications: Learning the R & D System: University
Research in Japan and the United States (1989)
The Working Environment for Research in U.S. and Japa-
nese Universities: Contracts and Commonalities (1989)
44
Nonprofit Organizations
Learning the R & D System: National Laboratories and
Other Non-Industrial, Non-Academic Organizations in
Japan and the United States (1990)
Science, Technology and the Future of the US-Japan Rela-
tionships (1990)
Approaches to Robotics in the United States and Japan:
Report of A Bilateral Exchange (forthcoming, 1990)
Report of a Symposium on Japanese to English Machine
Translation (forthcoming, 1990)
Publications are available upon request to the Office of
Japan Affairs.
The Nippon Club, Inc.
115 East 57th Street
New York, New York 10022
Tel: (212) 753-9090
Fax: (212) 753-9104
Key Person: Tsutomu Karino, Vice President-Secretary
Brief Description of Organization: The Nippon Club plays
a meaningful role to its membership roster of about 3,000
Japanese and American associate members. In addition to
promoting cultural, social and international relations, it
introduces various aspects of Japanese culture and recrea-
tion to American friends or guests of members.
Number of Staff:
20
Number of Members: 3,000
Specific Activities related to Japan: The Club hosts vari-
ous sports and recreational events for Japanese and Ameri-
can members and their guests. Also the Women's Club
conducts activities including voluntary service to American
communities.
Class Instructions: Conversational and Business English,
Flower Arrangement, Calligraphy, Japanese Dolls, Beaded
Flowers and Patchwork and Quilting
Seminars: Conferences and lectures on topics of current
interest and events all year.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Japanese culture, art, cuisine, Japanese companies in New
York area.
Nippon Club Monthly Newsletter: monthly publication for
all members
The Nippon Club Annual Directory: Listing of all members
various activities, etc.
Remarks: The Nippon Club is temporarily located at 115
East 57th Street. In the Spring of 1991, it will be returning
to its homegrounds at 145 West 57th Street to the newly-
constructed Nippon Club Towers.
45
Pacific and Asian Affairs Council
2999 Kaala Street
Honolulu, Hawaii 96822
Tel: (808) 941-6066
Fax: (808) 946-5132
Key Personnel: Brenda Lei Foster, Executive Director;
Wanda Sako, Program Coordinator
Brief Description of Organization: PAAC is a world affairs
council for the state of Hawaii. Purpose: Citizenship educa-
tion on international affairs with special emphasis on Asia
and the Pacific. Two programs: for community at large and
teachers and secondary school students.
Number of Staff:
3
Number of Members: 600
Specific Activities related to Japan: Luncheon speakers,
half-day forums, special conferences. Provide some
speaker bureau services on Japan for schools. Recent
speakers on Japan: Edson Spencer, William Watts, and
Yasuo Kitaoka. Also, a half-day program discussing the
role of art, literature and religion in Japanese history.
US-Asia Institute
232 East Capitol Street, N.E.
Washington, D.C. 20003
Tel: (202) 544-3181
Fax: (202) 543-1748
Key Person: Joji Konoshima, President
Brief Description of Organization: The US-Asia Institute,
founded in 1979, is a national non-profit nonpartisan
organization devoted to fostering understanding and
stronger ties between the people and governments of the
United States and Asia. Since its inception, USAI has
maintained a close relationship with leading government
and private sector leaders in the United States and Asia.
Such ties help the institute serve and benefit U.S.-Asian
relations on a practical and long-lasting level.
Specific Activities related to Japan: The Institute facilitates
the examination of political and economic issues vital to
cross-cultural relations through research, symposia, con-
ferences, and the publication of the results of these
endeavors. The Institute sponsors the annual National
Leadership Conference in cooperation with the U.S.
Department of State. Stemming from the Leadership Con-
ference, the Institute sponsors major working delegations
who are sent abroad to continue efforts toward improving
U.S.-Asian communication, including U.S.-Japan.
46
Nonprofit Organizations
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Business and Economic
Publications: Update: US-Asia Institute Newsletter (quar-
terly), and National Leadership Conference Proceedings
(annually)
The U.S.-Japan Culture Center
600 New Hampshire Ave., N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20037
Tel: (202) 342-5800
Fax: (202) 342-5803
Key Person: Mikio Kanda, President
Brief Description of Organization: Established in 1978, the
Center is devoted to promoting mutual understanding
between the United States and Japan. Its purpose is to
assist the general public as well as scholars, government
officials, and businessmen of both countries in increasing
their knowledge of U.S.-Japan relations.
Number of Staff:
5
Specific Activities related to Japan: The Center (1) man-
ages a library of 20,000 English and Japanese books and
documents on U.S.-Japan relations; (2) answers telephone
and written inquiries; (3) sponsors lecture series, seminars,
symposia, and other meetings on U.S.-Japan relations,
inviting prominent speakers; (4) conducts exchange pro-
grams for students, teachers, specialists and VIP's in
cooperation with various American and Japanese organiza-
tions; (5) offers Japanese language classes; (6) sponsors
annual essay contest on U.S.-Japan relations in Japan and
the U.S.; and (7) sponsors a national speech contest in Jap-
anese in the U.S. annually.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Non-governmental information on culture, society, econ-
omy and politics.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
12,000
(in English)
8,000
Japanese Periodicals
30
Publications: The Essays on U.S.-Japan Relations plus a
couple of others
United States-Japan Foundation
145 East 32nd Street
New York, New York 10016
Tel: (212) 481-8753
Fax: (212) 481-8762
Key Person: Stephen W. Bosworth, President
47
Brief Description of Organization: The United States-
Japan Foundation is a nonprofit, tax-exempt, philanthropic
organization, incorporated in 1980 under the laws of the
State of New York as a private American grantmaking
organization whose principal mission is to strengthen
cooperation and understanding between the people of the
United States and Japan. In support of the Foundation's
basic mandate- to expand knowledge, increase meaningful
human contact, and facilitate discussion of key issues- -
the current focus of grantmaking activities are in three
main areas:
(1) Exchange of People and Ideas. The Foundation supports
opportunities for Americans and Japanese to observe and
understand each other at a personal level, primarily
through carefully planned and substantively rich exchange
and fellowship programs.
(2) Core Groups. The Foundation has established several
nongovernmental channels for ongoing disucssions between
small groups of prominent experts who deal with some of
the central issues in the US-Japan relationship. Core
groups are active in the fields of international finance,
science and technology, industrial restructuring, the
environment, and economic development.
(3) Precollege Education. The Foundation supports
improved instruction about Japan in American elementary
and secondary schools and about the United States in Japa-
nese schools. Regional programs feature teacher work-
shops, network organization, curriculum development and
intensive study tours.
Publications: Annual Report, Forum, Newsletter of USJF
(quarterly)
Subscription Price: (Free)
U.S.-Japan Institute
University Center Science Center
3624 Market Street
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
Tel: (215) 386-5611
Fax: (215) 386-5694
Key Person: Dr. Toshiaki Taga, Director
Brief Description of Organization: The U.S.-Japan Insti-
tute is the outgrowth of the U.S.-Japan Management Studies
Center, which was founded in 1983 and was part of the
Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. The
Institute became an independent, non-profit organization in
January 1990. The mission of the Institute is to promote
positive U.S.-Japan relations by better mutual understand-
ing through research and education.
48
Nonprofit Organizations
Specific Activities related to Japan: The Institute conducts
research on critical economic issues between the U.S. and
Japan, offers educational programs to both Americans and
Japanese (The Pennsylvania International Advanced Manage-
ment Program is one of them), provides information about
the Japanese economy and business, and manages the aca-
demic association of Japanologists, called the Association
of Japanese Business Studies. The Institute maintains a
liaison office in Tokyo.
Number of Staff:
9
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
50
(in English)
50
49
University Programs
The University of Arizona
East Asian Studies Division
Oriental Studies
Franklin 404
University of Arizona
Tucson, Arizona 85721
Tel: (602) 621-7505
Key Personnel: Brian McKnight, Director; Dr. Haru
Yamada & Kimberly Jones, Asst. Profs. of Japan Lan-
guages & Linguistic
Brief Description of Organization: The East Asian Studies
offers instruction in languages, cultures and civilizations of
China and Japan. Programs of study emphasize the lan-
guage, literature and history of one or more cultural areas.
The Department offers the B.A., M.A. and Ph.D. Degrees
with a major in oriental studies. Courses on Japan are
offered in the fields of language, literature, religion and
history.
Number of Staff:
13
(Related to Japan)
5
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Japanese language: elementary, intermediate, advanced;
Japanese aesthetics, literature, and history (taught in His-
tory Dept.)
Brigham Young University
David M. Kennedy Center for International Studies Dept.
237 HRCB
Provo, Utah 84602
Tel: (801) 378-3377
Key Personnel: Ray C. Hillam, Director and Prof., Politi-
cal Science; Bruce Beaman, Coordinator, Asian Studies
and Asst. Prof., Japanese; Lee W. Farnsworth, Prof., Polit-
ical Science; Eric Hyer, Asst. Prof., Political Science;
Masakazu Watabe, Chair and Prof., Asian and Near East-
ern Languages; Gail King, Asian Collection
Brief Description of Organization: Brigham Young
University offers major and minors in Asian Studies, Japa-
nese, Political Science, and History in which Japanese
Studies can be emphasized.
Number of Staff:
60
(Related to Japan)
15
Specific Activities related to Japan: Japanese focus within
several majors and minors; Study Abroad programs and
internships in Japan; On-campus conferences related to
51
Japan and to U.S.-Japanese relations; and 2 student organi-
zations (incl. Japan Link). Japan Political Studies Group of
the Association for Asian Studies is headquartered on
campus with Prof. Lee Farnsworth as Chairman. The
Kennedy Center directs extensive educational outreach pro-
grams on Asia and Japan.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
The University is unique in its Japanese language
resources. Over 1,000 students speak Japanese and have
lived in Japan for extended periods of time. Over 700 stu-
dents are registered in Japanese language courses each
semester.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (English and Japanese)
50,000 (total)
Japanese Periodicals
15
Publications: Japan Political Research: An Annual Review
Lee Farnsworth (Ed.) (Published for the Japan Studies
Group of the Association of Asian Studies.)
Subscription Price: ($5.00)
Japan Culturgram (One of a series of over 100 four page
cultural summaries updated periodically.) Price: $1.00
Bucknell University
Center for Japanese Studies
Lewisburg, Pennsylvania 17837
Tel: (717) 524-1450
Fax: (717) 524-3760
Key Personnel: David J. Lu, Director (CJS), Paul H.
Noguchi, Chairman
Brief Description of Organization: The Center for Japa-
nese Studies is part of the Department of Japanese and East
Asian Studies.
Number of Staff
10
(Related to Japan)
9
Specific Activities related to Japan: Education, research
and outreach. The department offers first through fifth year
Japanese. Other courses include Japanese history,
twentieth-century Japan, Business with Japan, Japanese
film, Japanese society and culture, Zen and Japanese cul-
ture, religions in Japan. In its outreach program the Center
assist local secondary schools in establishing courses
related to Japan. It also assists local businesses who wish to
trade with Japan.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Japanese business, education, anthropology and history.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
4,100
(in English)
3,600
Japanese Periodicals
30
52
University Programs
Publications: Inside Corporate Japan, Sources of Japanese
History, Monographs Only.
California State University, Los Angeles
Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures
5151 State University Drive
Los Angeles, California 90032
Tel: (213) 343-4230
Fax: (213) 343-2670
Key Personnel: Kazumitsu Kato, Prof., Japan. Lang., Lit.,
Civ; Eri F. Yosuhara, Assoc. Prof., Japan. Lang. & Lit.
Brief Description of Organization: An academic depart-
ment offering a balanced program of language, literature
and culture courses leading to a B.A. in Japanese. Students
can learn about the values and rich heritage of the Japanese
people while acquiring command of the Japanese language.
The Japanese program at CSULA has been approved as a
waiver program leading to the Single Subject Teaching
Credential in California.
Number of Staff:
20
(Related to Japan)
2
Specific Activities related to Japan: In addition to course
offerings, the Department sponsors various extra-curricular
activities in conjunction with the Japanese Studies Center
on campus. These include films, lectures, art exhibitions
and demonstrations, and musical and theatrical perfor-
mances. Each summer the Department also runs an inten-
sive Japanese language program for beginning and
intermediate level students. An exchange program with
Komazawa University in Tokyo brings some 30 Japanese
students to the campus for intensive English classes each
summer, enabling the students in intensive Japanese to
interact with native Japanese speakers.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Japanese language, literature, culture, society and history.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
3,000
(in English)
4,500
(Extremely rough estimate only)
Japanese Periodicals
1,000
California State University, Long Beach
Department of Asian and Asian American Studies
1250 Bellflower Blvd.
Long Beach, California 90840
Tel: (213) 985-5493/4821
Fax: (213) 985-8887
Key Personnel: Dr. San Pao Li, Chairman; Charlotte Furth,
History; Sudershan Chawla, Political Science; Alain Marsot,
53
Political Science; Ingrid Aall, Art; Hsin-sheng Kao, Com-
parative Literature; Arnold Kaminsky, Asian Studies;
Molly Debysingh, Geography; Lloyd Inui, Asian-American
Studies; Henry Johnson, Asian-American Studies; John
Kimura, Geography; Pamela Bunte, Anthropology; Akira
Miyazaki, Japanese; Yoko Pusavat, Japanese; Eugene E.
Ruyle, Anthropology; Gail Shoup, Asian Theatre Arts; and
Sharon Sievers, History.
Brief Description of Organization: The Program enables
students to explore Asian societies from an interdiscipli-
nary perspective. The Program offers the B.A. and the
M.A. degrees. Students seeking a B.A. degree can choose
between two options: Area Studies, which emphasizes
exploring one or more Asian society (Chinese, Japanese, or
Indian) through the study of social science and/or humani-
ties; and Asian-American Studies, which emphasizes the
study of Asian-American as an ethnic minority by explor-
ing the countries of their historical origin. Undergraduate
students who want a more limited program than the B.A.
may enroll in the Asian Studies Certificate Program. The
M.A. program enables students to combine the study of
two separate cultures (Asian-Americans, Chinese, Indians,
and Japanese) with perspectives from two disciplines such
as art, history, political science, or religious studies.
Specific Activities related to Japan: The Program main-
tains exchange networks with various East Asian institu-
tions including Waseda University in Tokyo, Tunghai
University in Taiwan, and Huazhong Normal University
in China.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
several thousand
(in English)
several thousand
Japanese Periodicals
a dozen- +
University of California at Berkeley
Center for Japanese Studies
2223 Fulton Street
Berkeley, California 94720
Tel: (415) 642-3156
Fax: (415) 643-7062
Key Personnel: Irwin Scheiner, Chair; Eugenie T. Bruck,
Secretary; Haruo Aoki, Prof, Oriental Languages; Robert
N. Bellah, Elliot Prof of Sociology, Sociology; James
Cahill, Prof, History of Art; Robert Cole, Prof, Sociology;
George DeVos, Prof, Anthropology; Van C. Gessel, Prof,
Oriental Languages; H. Mack Horton, Lecturer, Oriental
Languages; Lewis Lancaster, Prof, Oriental Languages;
James Lincoln, Prof, Business Administration; Helen C.
McCullough, Prof Emeritus, Oriental Languages; William
54
University Programs
McCullough, Prof, Oriental Languages; Gregory Noble,
Prof, Political Science; Donald H. Shively, Head, East
Asiatic Library, Prof-in-Residence, Oriental Languages;
Thomas C. Smith, Prof Emeritus, History; Bonnie C.
Wade, Prof, Music
Brief Description of Organization: Established in 1958, the
Center aims to facilitate research of faculty members
whose major research commitment is related to Japan.
Research assistantships provide an important source of sup-
port for graduate students. The Center sponsors and
organizes presentation of research papers before University
audiences. It brings to Berkeley scholars of Japan from
other institutions; most come from Japan.
Specific Activities related to Japan: Colloquia, lectures,
research reports at informal meetings and one-to two-day
regional seminars which focus on Japan.
Sponsors the publication of short scholarly manuscripts
on Japan for publication in the East Asian Studies Japan
Research Monograph Series. The Center cooperates with
the University of California Press in publishing a series of
books in Japan-related fields.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Areas of study include contemporary and historical aspects
of Japanese art, religion, society, politics, foreign policy,
economics and demographic history. Translations of both
classical and modern works are also undertaken.
University of California, Los Angeles
East Asian Languages & Cultures
405 Hilgrad Ave.
Los Angeles, California 90024
Tel: (213) 206-8235
Fax: (213) 825-9368
Key Personnel: Peter Lee, Chairman; Noriko Akatsuka,
Japanese Language and Linguistics; Richard Baum, Politi-
cal Science; Ben Befu, Classical Japanese Language and
Literature; George E. Bedell, Linguistics; Lucie Cheng,
Sociology; Robert Epp, Modern Japanese Poetry; David
M. Farguher, History; Philip C. Huang, History; Henry
H.L. Kitano, Sociology; Donald McCallum, Art History;
Fred G. Notehelfer, History; Herbert Plutschow, Classical
Japanese Literature and Cultural History; Martin Powers,
Art History; Robert Buswell, Buddhism; Leslie Pincus,
Modern Japanese Fiction; Shoichi Iwasaki, Japanese
Linguistics.
Brief Description of Organization: The Department aims
to expose students to the rich cultural heritage of East Asia
through courses in language, literature, thought, religion
and archaeology. For undergraduates the department offers
55
a program leading to the B.A. Degree in Chinese or Japa-
nese, in which the emphasis is on the language and culture
of China or Japan. Additionally, the Department coor-
dinates the East Asian Studies Program, an undergraduate
major designed for those who wish to study the Chinese-
and Japanese-speaking areas of East Asia and/or engage in
business there. The emphasis of this major is on social
science, combined with language study and work in the
humanities. At the graduate level, the department offers a
program leading to an M.A. Degree in Japanese, Chinese
or Korean language or culture. The Department also offers
a Ph.D. program.
Number of Staff:
17
(Related to Japan)
8
Specific Activities related to Japan: Seminar series;
speaker series
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
120,000
Japanese Periodicals
1,200
Remarks: Library: See University of California, Los
Angeles. Richard C. Rudolph Oriental Library
University of California, San Diego
Program in Japanese Studies
C-004
La Jolla, California 92093
Tel: (619) 534-3598
Fax: (619) 534-7283
Key Person: Professor Masao Miyoshi, Director
Brief Description of Organization: The Program in Japa-
nese Studies, which offers an undergraduate minor, coor-
dinates a variety of campus offerings dealing with the
language, history, culture, and political economy of Japan.
In addition to courses available in the Departments of
anthropology, history, linguistics, literature, political
science and sociology, qualified undergraduates also may
enroll in Japan-related courses in the Graduate School of
International Relations and Pacific Studies.
Number of Staff:
(Related to Japan)
11
Graduate Schl. of Intern'l Relations
& Pacific Studies
3300 Miramar Road
La Jolla, California 92037-9986
Tel: (619) 534-5914
Fax: (619) 534-3939
Key Person: Dr. Katherine D. Waller, Director of Student
Affairs
56
University Programs
Brief Description of Organization: Created by the Univer-
sity of California Board of Regents in 1986, the Graduate
School of International Relations and Pacific Studies is the
only school of international affairs in the University of
California system and the only one of its kind in the nation
formed to focus on the Pacific Rim.
Number of Staff:
35
(Related to Japan)
25 (affiliated)
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
The IR/PS Library is the first academic library in the U.S.
to collect materials exclusively on the economics and poli-
tics of Pacific region countries.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in English)
50,000
University of Southern California
East Asian Studies Center
THH 331C
Los Angeles, California 90089-4351
Tel: (213) 743-5080
Fax: (213) 747-4176
Key Personnel: John E. Willis, Jr., Director, Prof. of Chi-
nese History; Peter Berton, Prof., Japan-China-Soviet
Relations; Allen Casebier, Assoc. Prof., Japanese Cinema;
Roger Dingman, Assoc. Prof., Japan-U.S. Relations;
Mieko Han, Prof., Japanese Linguistics; William Odell,
Assoc. Prof., International Relations; Michael Robinson,
Assoc. Prof., Japanese Colonial Policy; George Totten,
Prof., Japanese Politics
Brief Description of Organization: The East Asian Studies
Center was formally established in 1973 as an independent
interdisciplinary unit of the Humanities Division. It strives
to promote teaching, research and development in East
Asia-related fields of all disciplines at the University of
Southern California.
The Center: (1) coordinates the activities of over 60 full-
time faculty members whose professional interests relate to
East Asia; (2) administers graduate programs leading to a
Graduate Certificate in East Asian Studies; (3) participates
in community education by sponsoring workshops and pub-
lications on East Asia; and (4) serves as a screening agency
for a number of scholarships and fellowships offered to
graduate students.
The Center promotes international academic exchanges
with Pacific Basin institutions and coordinates programs
for visiting scholars and specialists from East Asia. It pro-
vides the same services for academic exchanges on East
Asia with other academic institutions in the United States.
The Center is a member of the Southern California Confer-
57
ence on International Studies, a task force designed to
strengthen inter-institutional studies programs. It also acts
as headquarters of the USC/UCLA Joint East Asian Area
and Language Studies Center, one of the East Asian
National Resource Centers funded by the U.S. Department
of Education.
Specific Activities related to Japan: Study in Japan Pro-
gram, Southern California Japan Seminar
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
12,450
(in English)
2,590
Japanese Periodicals
62
Carleton College
Asian Language and Literature
One North College Street
Northfield, Minnesota 55057
Tel: (507) 663-4019
Key Person: Kathryn Sparling, Chairperson
Brief Description of Organization: The department of
Asian Languages and Literatures offers introductory, inter-
mediate, and advanced courses in Chinese and Japanese
language, plus a variety of courses in traditional and mod-
ern Chinese and Japanese literature in English translation.
At the intermediate level, students are encouraged to partic-
ipate in one of several approved academic programs in
China or Japan. A major in Japanese is available by
petition.
Specific Activities related to Japan: 1) Study in Kyoto
under the Associated Kyoto Program 2) Study in Tokyo
under ACM Program. ACM/GLCA-Students spend two
months of summer in Ikenodaira, and on a Japanese farm
for intensive study of Japanese language and culture.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
330
(in English)
2,445
Japanese Periodicals
10
University of Chicago
Center for East Asian Studies
Pick Hall 121
5428 South University Ave.
Chicago, Illinois 60637-1515
Tel: (312) 702-8647
Fax: (312) 702-8260
Key Personnel: William F. Sibley, Chairman, East Asian
Languages and Civilizations; Robert Aliber, Prof., Busi-
ness; Guy Alitto, Assoc. Prof., History; Cheng Yang Bor-
58
University Programs
chert, Sr. Lecturer, East Asian Languages and Civilizations
(EALC); Chih-ch'ao Chao, Assoc. Prof., EALC; Norma
Field, Asst. Prof. Emeritus, Economics; James D.
McCawley, Prof., Linguistics; Tetsuo Najita, Prof., His-
tory; Hiroyoshi Noto, Japanese Language; William J. Par-
ish, Prof., Sociology; David T. Roy, Prof., EALC; Bernard
Silberman, Prof., Political Science; Tang Tsou, Prof.,
Emeritus, Political Science; Harry A. Vanderstappen,
Prof., Art History; Paul Wheatley, Prof., Geography; N.C.
Yang, Prof., Chemistry; Anthony Yu, Prof., Religion and
Literature, EALC; Bruce Cumings, Prof., History; George
Tiao, Prof., Graduate School of Businesses.
Brief Description of Organization: The Center for East
Asian Studies has a history reaching back to 1936. The
Center's purposes are to conduct basic research and educa-
tion in the arts, literature, religion, history and social
organization of China and Japan.
The Center also conducts research in the fields of geog-
raphy, linguistics, political science, chemistry, languages
and civilization. It provides instruction and course
materials for the undergraduate study of East Asian lan-
guages and civilizations; and sponsors seminars, visiting
fellows programs, public seminars, lecture series and
media presentations.
The Department of East Asian Languages and Civiliza-
tions offers an undergraduate program as well as M.A. and
Ph.D. Degrees for those studying the traditional and mod-
ern cultures of China, Japan and Korea. Some 150 students
are expected to master one or two Asian languages and
conduct field work in Asia for at least one year before they
return to complete work on their dissertations. Fields of
concentration include history, language, literature, philoso-
phy, intellectual history, geography and demography, civili-
zation, international relations, religion, economics, human
development, linguistics, sociology, art and science and
medicine.
In the name of Robert S. Ingersoll, former U.S. Ambas-
sador to Japan, the University has established, effective
September 1985, a professional chair for Japanese studies.
The first recipient was Tetsuo Najita, Professor, History
and EALC.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Ongoing research includes comparative studies of state
bureaucratization in Japan, France, England and the United
States; the origin of Chinese and Japanese urban forms;
cultural and intellectual exchange between the United
States and East Asia; the last four centuries of Japanese
intellectual history; innovative subgenres of the Edo Period
as extensions of classical traditions and as harbingers of the
59
extraordinary hybrid culture of modern Japan; and Japa-
nese scroll paintings course to undergraduate.
Reference Library. Please see: East Asian Library, Univer-
sity of Chicago
Publications: Select Papers
To subscribe, write to this Center
University of Colorado at Boulder
Center for East Asian Studies
Campus Box 279
Boulder, Colorado 80309
Tel: (303) 492-6639
Key Personnel: Paul W. Kroll, Director; Willie Nagai,
Stephen Snyder, Kumiko Takahara, Lang. & Lit., Joyce
Lebra, History, Anne Allison, Anthropology.
Brief Description of Organization: The Center for East
Asian Studies coordinates the research activities of students
and scholars working in the various fields of East Asian
Studies. The Dept. of Oriental Languages & Literatures
offers undergraduate and graduate degrees in Chinese and
Japanese. The Asian Studies Program offers an interdis-
ciplinary course to undergraduate.
Number of Staff:
20 (Center)
(Related to Japan)
10
Reference Library: The University of Colorado at Boulder,
East Asiatic Library. Cathy Chiu, Director. The collection
contains approximately 100,000 titles in Chinese and Japa-
nese and approximately 70 periodical subscriptions in Chi-
nese and Japanese. Norlin Library, Campus Box 184,
Boulder 80309
Columbia University
Center for Japanese Legal Studies
School of Law
435 W. 116th Street
New York, New York 10027
Tel: (212) 854-4274
Fax: (212) 854-3295
Key Person: Michael K. Young, Director, Prof. Law
Brief Description of Organization: The Center was estab-
lished in 1981 with the aim to advance Japanese legal
studies and to enhance the understanding of Japanese law
and legal institutions and their role and function in society.
Central to the Center's mission is the encouragement of
research on Japanese law and related topics. It also links
Japanese scholarly work with Columbia's by providing Jap-
anese and American legal scholars opportunity for continu-
ing association over substantial periods of time.
60
University Programs
The Center is affiliated with Columbia University's East
Asian Institute, Center for Chinese Legal Studies, and Par-
ker School of Foreign and Comparative Law.
Research fields cover a wide range of domestic and inter-
national subjects, and special research programs include
the Comparative Constitutional Law Project, Japanese
Labor-Management Relations Symposium, Comparative
Industrial Policy Project, and International Commercial
Transactions Project.
Number of Staff:
12
Specific Activities related to Japan: Conducts studies and
conferences in Japanese law. Also facilitates publications
and collection of information.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
40,000
East Asian Institute
International Affairs Building
420 West 118th Street
New York, New York 10027
Tel: (212) 854-2589
Fax: (212) 749-1497
Key Person: Gerald L. Curtis, Director, Professor, Political
Science
Brief Description of Organization: Founded in 1949, the
Institute offers graduate level courses for an East Asian
Institute certificate in Chinese, Japanese, Korean and
Pacific Basin studies. Students in the School of Interna-
tional and Public Affairs with a regional specialization in
East Asian Studies also take these courses.
Number of Staff:
7
(Related to Japan)
2
Specific Activities related to Japan: Joint program with the
Graduate School of Journalism: The East Asian Journalism
Program for Japan is a two-year fellowship program
designed to prepare Americans for posts as correspondents
in Japan and for other posts that require a knowledge of
Japanese and Pacific Affairs.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Anthropology, business, economics, history, political
science, law, literature, sociology
Reference Library
See Columbia University, C.V. STARR
East Asian Library
Publications: Institute Reports, Occasional Papers
61
Department of East Asian Languages
and Cultures
407 Kent Hall
New York, New York 10027
Tel: (212) 854-5027
Key Personnel: Prof. Paul Anderer, Chairman; Sr. Profes-
sors, Wm. Theodore de Bary, Hans H.A. Bielenstein,
Chih-tsing Hsia, Donald Keene. Gari K. Ledyard, John
Meskill, Edward Seidensticker, H. Paul Varley
Brief Description of Organization: The Department's main
concerns are the languages, literature and history of East
Asia, with principal emphasis on China, Japan, and Korea.
The Department offers degree programs at both the gradu-
ate and undergraduate levels. The East Asian studies major
for undergraduates aims to provide a coherent program of
intellectually stimulating and rigorous courses for students
whose major interest is East Asian culture. The program
seeks to acquaint students with the broad outlines of East
Asian civilization and to provide opportunities for more
detailed study of the history, literature, politics, society, or
economics of the country in which the student is most
interested.
Cornell University
East Asia Program
140 Uris Hall
Ithaca, New York 14853-7601
Tel: (607) 255-6222
Fax: (607) 254-5000
Key Personnel: Karen Brazell, Director, East Asia Pro-
gram; Japanese Literature and Theater (premodern);
Satoshi Akiba, Wason Collection (Japan); Brett de Bary,
Japanese Literature (modern); J. Victor Koschmann, His-
tory (Japan); Jane Marie, Law Japanese Religion; T.J.
Pempel, Government (Japan); Joan Piggott, History
(Japan); Naoki Sakai, Japanese Literature & History;
Takashi Shiraishi, History (Japan); Robert J. Smith,
Anthropology (cultural, Japan); Robert Sukle, Japanese
(Falcon); John Whitman, Linguistics (Japanese)
Description: The East Asia Program coordinates compre-
hensive graduate-level training and sponsors a wide range
of research on East Asia (People's Republic of China, Tai-
wan, Japan, Korea). The Program is dedicated to providing
a broad-based educational program on various aspects of
East Asian civilization and culture; affiliated faculty and
students conduct extensive research and provide instruction
related to these world areas. In addition to supporting
teaching and research, the Program sponsors a variety of
62
University Programs
lectures, films, symposia, conferences, and cultural events.
Numerous books, journals, activity announcements, news-
letters, and research notices are available to Program mem-
bers as well as to the general public, as is the "Book of
Opportunities," containing information on fellowships,
study abroad, job opportunities, and the like. The East
Asia Program also publishes two monograph series-The
East Asia Papers and CHINOPERL Papers.
The faculty includes specialists in subjects ranging from
agriculture and foreign policy to linguistics and political
economy. They are responsible for both undergraduate and
graduate instruction in their respective departments and
graduate fields. They also chair the special committees of
those graduate students concentrating on East Asia, and are
frequently called upon to work intensively with advanced
undergraduates.
Specific Activities related to Japan: Apart from the usual
interdisciplinary teaching and research on Japan, some of
the special programs include the Johnson Graduate School
of Management's joint MA/MBA program, annual Mitsui
Fellow in Residence program, Kyoto Center for Japanese
Studies, academic year fellowships in Japanese studies,
travel grants to conduct research in Japan, Japanese Full
Year Asian Language Concentration (FALCON). Japanese
Teacher Training Workshop, Special English for Japanese
Scholars (SPENG), and special conference/workshops
related to Japan which are organized by faculty in conjunc-
tion with the East Asia Program.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Job opportunities, fellowships, study abroad, courses at
Cornell, Wason Collection (East Asian Library Collection)
Reference Library
See Cornell University, Wason Collection
Publications: East Asia Series
Subscription Price: (range from $7-$10)
Duke University
Asian/Pacific Studies Institute
2111 Campus Drive
Durham, North Carolina 27706
Tel: (919) 684-2604
Fax: (919) 684-8749
Key Person: M. Mayer, Coordinator
Specific Activities related to Japan: Arrange conferences,
talks, speech contests, visits, film series, study abroad
programs
63
Main Campus Library No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
1,500
(in English)
13,000
Publications: Working Papers Series (1 or 2 per year)
Earlham College
Institute for Education on Japan
National Road West
Richmond, Indiana 47374
Tel: (317) 983-1324
Fax: (317) 983-1304
Key Person: Prof. Jackson Bailey, Director
Brief Description of Organization: Institute Associates
consist of experts on Japan from various academic dis-
ciplines. In addition to undergraduate teaching and curricu-
lum development, the Institute controls and administers
student exchange programs, public and private educational
outreach and consultation projects and publishes educa-
tional materials among other activities.
Number of Staff:
101
(Related to Japan)
21
Specific Activities related to Japan: Involved with Indiana
Dept. of Ed. integrating Japanese Studies into K-12 public
school curriculum. Training and recruiting Japanese lan-
guage teachers and developing textbook for public schools.
Run English Teaching Program in Japan; recruiting 30
American college graduates for 2 year positions in Japan.
Act as consultants, conducting seminars, etc. for private
companies in Indiana and neighboring states. Sponsor
visiting artists, musicians and scholars from Japan.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Art, Education, Anthropology, History, Economics, Geog-
raphy, Geology, Political Science, Japanese Languge, Phi-
losophy, Literature, Music and other general academic
categories.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
700
(in English)
5,000
Japanese Periodicals
15
Publications: Occasional Papers (V volumes published to
date); Economy, Culture, Social Relations, Philosophy, and
Music.
Subscription Price: (individual copies can be ordered
directly from the Institute)
Journal of Asian Studies ($80); Journal of Japanese
Studies ($29)
64
University Programs
Five College Center for East Asian Studies
New England Program for Teaching About Japan
Smith College
Eight College Lane
Northampton, Massachusetts 01063
Tel: (413) 585-3751
Fax: (413) 585-2075
Key Person: Kathleen Woods Masalski, Program Director
Brief Description of Organization: The New England Pro-
gram for Teaching About Japan (NEPTJ), sponsored by the
Five College Center for East Asian Studies, and funded by
the U.S.-Japan Foundation, services pre-college educators
throughout New England. The NEPTJ provides a resource
center library, quarterly newsletter, annual Japan Study
Tour and a variety of workshops and special projects
throughout New England.
Specific Activities related to Japan: The Resource Center
Library maintains curriculum materials, books, videos and
other materials on Japan. Items are available free-loan to
New England pre-college educators. The four-week Japan
Study Tour is open to qualified New England educators.
Applications for this summer Study Tour become available
in the fall of each year. A quarterly newsletter and catalog
of resources are available on request from the Center.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
A variety of topics on Japan for use in teaching on pre-
college level. Some example topics are contemporary Japa-
nese life, schools, language, arts and economy.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
5-10
(in English)
Approx. 500
Japanese Periodicals
10
Publications: Japan Resource Catalog & Supplement,
CEAS Newsletter (quarterly)
Florida State University
Asian Studies Program-R-100A
Tallahassee, Florida 32306-2049
Tel: (904) 644-4418
Fax: (904) 561-1405
Key Person: Dr. Penelope Mason, Director
Brief Description of Organization: The program sponsors
various lectures and performances (for example, most
recently Japanese Noh Drama)
Number of Staff:
13
(Related to Japan)
6
65
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
The Asian Studies program, administered in the College of
Social Science, offers an undergraduate and graduate (MA)
interdisciplinary program. Courses are offered in various
departments including anthropology, art history, political
science, history, humanities, modern languages, music and
religion.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese and English)
4,000
Japanese Periodicals
10
Harvard University
Edwin O. Reischauer Institute for Japanese Studies
1737 Cambridge Street, Room 319
Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
Tel: (617) 495-3220
Fax: (617) 496-8083
Key Personnel: Harold Bolitho, Director and Prof., Japa-
nese History; Nancy Deptula, Admin. Officer; Edwin O.
Reischauer, Honorary Director; Howard S. Hibbett, Direc-
tor, Prof., Japanese Literature; Edwin Cranston, Prof.,
Japanese Literature; Albert M. Craig, Prof., Japanese His-
tory; Susumu Kuno, Prof., Linguistics; Masatoshi
Nagatomi, Prof., Buddhist Studies; Henry Rosovsky, Prof.,
Economics; Michael Yoshino, Prof., Business Administra-
tion; James McLendon, Asst. Director; John M. Rosen-
field, Abby Aldrich Rockefeller Prof. of Oriental Art;
Henry Rosovsky, Lewis P. & Linda L. Beyser University
Prof., Fellow of Harvard College; Ezra Vogel, Clarence
Dillon Prof of International Affairs and Prof. of Sociology;
Oliver Oldman; Learned Hand, Professor of Law; Howard
Hibbett, Victory S. Thomas Prof. of Japanese Literature;
Akira Iriye, Prof. of History; Haruko Iwasaki, Associate
Prof. of Japanese; Tazuko Monane, Prof. of Japanese Lan-
guage and Director of J.L.P.; Susan Pharr, Prof. of
Government.
Brief Description of Organization: Established in 1973 by
an initial grant from the Japanese Government through the
Japan Foundation and subsequent Japanese corporate gifts,
the Institute's purpose is to develop and support Japanese
studies at Harvard University, incremental to what is
already done by the University. The Institute encourages
the opening of new teaching positions in the field of Japa-
nese studies; contributes to research, library and adminis-
trative costs related to Institute programs; sponsors
undergraduate, graduate and postdoctoral fellowships and
grants, and conducts other activities designed to stimulate
interest in the study of Japan.
66
University Programs
Specific Activities related to Japan: Japan Forum meets
approximately 14 times per year. Association dinner for
members of the Institute Visiting Artist Program
Post Doctorial Fellows
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
400
(in English)
18,000
Japanese Periodicals
5,000
University of Hawaii at Manoa
School of Hawaiian, Asian and Pacific Studies (SHAPS)
1890 East-West Road
Moore Hall 315
Honolulu, Hawaii 96822
Tel: (808) 956-8324/2664
Key Personnel: Dr. Mark Juergensmeyer, Dean of SHAPS;
Dr. Patricia Steinhoff, Director of Ctr. for Japanese.
Brief Description of Organization: The University of
Hawaii has the largest concentration of Japanese specialists
of any university in the United States. The Japanese Studies
Program draws on the expertise of 42 regular faculty mem-
bers in 14 disciplines at the assistant professor level or
higher. There are also 22 instructors and lecturers in Japa-
nese language, music and dance; five library specialists;
and nearly 30 other professors whose work touches on
some aspect of Japanese studies. The Japanese studies pro-
gram faculty is particularly strong in languages and litera-
ture, history and the performing arts. The social science
and professional school faculties are strong and expanding.
This core of faculty experts provides comprehensive and
highly specialized knowledge of Japan in over 200 Japan-
related courses.
The Pacific Century has already begun at the University
of Hawaii. Hawaii's geographic position and special history
as a gathering place for various Asian ethnic groups have
created an advantageous environment for the study of Asia
and the Pacific. The study of Japan has always held a cen-
tral position within that tradition. Japanese language and
culture have been taught at the University of Hawaii since
the 1930s, and a multi-disciplinary program has been
developed systematically since the late 1940s. In 1987, the
Regents of the University of Hawaii reorganized its tremen-
dous area studies resources into a new school of Hawaiian,
Asian and Pacific Studies, including the Center for Japa-
nese Studies. The Centers for Japanese Studies, Chinese
Studies and Korean Studies at the University of Hawaii
have jointly been recognized as a National Resource Center
for East Asia by the U.S. Department of Education.
67
The Center for Japanese Studies provides essential sup-
port services, leadership and coordination for our multi-
disciplinary instructional and research program in Japanese
Studies. The program aims to achieve and maintain excel-
lence in three areas of concentration: (1) Japanese culture,
including history, thought, language, literature and social
organization; (2) Japanese performing arts, including thea-
tre, music, dance and Japanese traditional arts; and (3)
contemporary Japanese society, including the perspectives
of the social sciences, business, law and education.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
100,000
(in English)
35,000
Japanese Periodicals (573 Serials
in Japanese)
437
Remarks: *In addition to Reference Library materials there
are a number of specialized collections available.
The Johns Hopkins University
The Paul N. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies (SAIS)
The Reischauer Center
1619 Massachusetts Ave., N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20036
Tel: (202) 663-5815
Fax: (202) 663-5891
Key Personnel: Nathaniel B. Thayer, Director of East Asian
Studies; Jill Conway, Asst. Director, East Asian Studies;
Michael Green, Tokyo Representative; William C. Sher-
man, Diplomat in Residence
Brief Description of Organization: Established in the sum-
mer of 1984 to train future leaders for professional careers
in East Asian affairs. The Center hopes to inspire a new
generation of American and foreign students to study Japa-
nese, Chinese and other East Asian languages, as well as
history, foreign relations, economics, politics and cultures
of all nations of East Asia. It also aims to serve as a
national resource for stimulating new thought, research and
policy recommendations concerning East Asia. The Center
brings together scholars and policy-makers to consider the
long-term implications of events and trends in East Asia.
The Center also supports the activities of the School's
Japan Forum and China Forum. The Japan Forum seeks to
increase the public's understanding of the deeper issues in
U.S.-Japan relations by sponsoring various public events.
The Center: (1) provides scholarships for American and
East Asian students to study East Asian affairs, U.S. for-
eign affairs and international relations pertaining to East
Asia, and fellowships to enable SAIS students to work or
study in East Asia; (2) conducts students and faculty
68
University Programs
exchange programs with various East Asian institutions
including the International University of Japan; and (3)
provides internships that enable SAIS students to work or
study in East Asia for a summer or a semester.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
500
(in English)
3,500
Japanese Periodicals
40
Publications: Annual Report on Status of U.S. & Japan
Relations
Subscription Price: ($6.)
University of Illinois
Center for East Asian & Pacific Studies
1208 W. California Ave.
Urbana, Illinois 61801
Tel: (217) 333-4850
Key Person: Prof. Bernard Karsh, Director
Brief Description of Organization: Academic study of East
Asia and Pacific areas; teaching East Asian Languages;
Research on various aspect of East Asian development
focusing mainly on Japan, Republic of Korea, People's
Republic of China and Taiwan.
Number of Staff:
57
(Related to Japan)
20
Specific Activities related to Japan: Teaching Japanese
from Introductory through Ph.D. levels; research on Japa-
nese economy, history and society including politics,
anthropology, culture, economics, industry, art, religions
and virtually all other aspects of modern and historic
Japan.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Economic, industry and industrial relations, political sys-
tems and policies, foreign relations, language and language
pedagogy.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
49,000
Japanese Periodicals
240
Indiana University
East Asian Languages and Cultures
Goodbody Hall 248-250
Bloomington, Indiana 47405
Tel: (812) 855-1992/855-5339
Fax: (812) 855-5678
Key Person: Richard Rubinger, Chairman
Brief Description of Organization: The Department offers
a B.A. and M.A. in Chinese/Japanese/Korear languages
and literature or in East Asian Studies. It also offers a
69
Ph.D. in Chinese/Japanese languages and literature.
Courses are offered in the fields of language and linguis-
tics, literature, art, history, politics, religion, philosophy,
folk-lore, and the economics of East Asia. The University
also has an East Asian Studies Center, which furthers cul-
tural/sociology interchange between the United States and
Japan, Korea, and China.
Number of Staff:
27
(Related to Japan)
10
Library: See Indiana University, East Asian Collection and
the Lilly Library.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Traditional and modern Japanese literature; traditional and
modern Japanese history; classical Japanese literature; Jap-
anese linguistics; modern Japanese politics and business;
Japanese religious culture; history and sociology of educa-
tion in Japan; Japan's international relations in the Middle
Ages and the early modern era.
Specific Activities related to Japan: The University has an
East Asian Studies Center, which furthers cultural inter-
change between the United States and Japan, Korea, and
China.
The University of Iowa
Center for Asian & Pacific Studies
280 International Center
Iowa City, Iowa 52242
Tel: (319) 335-1304
Fax: (319) 335-2021
Key Person: Professor Thomas H. Rohlich, Chairman
Brief Description of Organization: A university research
organization that coordinates and encourages research,
teaching, and outreach on Asia by faculty and staff of the
University of Iowa.
Number of Staff:
23
(Related to Japan)
12
Specific Activities related to Japan: Teaching, research,
and outreach activities in various academic fields related to
Japan. In recent years the Center for Asian and Pacific
Studies has served as the focal point for the Iowa-Japan
Cultural Alliance, a project of the Iowa Commission on
Foreign Language Education and International Studies.
This project (3 years) will bring 10 teachers of Japanese to
Iowa schools. It will also introduce Japanese culture in the
state.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
30
Japanese Periodicals
10
70
University Programs
Remarks: The main library of the University has many
volumes on Japan. Our Center houses only materials sent
gratis by various organizations.
The University of Kansas
Center for East Asian Studies
105 Lippincott
Lawrence, Kansas 66045
Tel: (913) 864-3849
Fax: (913) 864-4555
Key Person: G. Cameron Hurst III, Director
Brief Description of Organization: The Center does not
itself offer courses or award degrees, but coordinates inter-
departmental academic activities and promotes publications
and public service programs dealing with Japan.
Number of Staff:
40+
(Related to Japan)
15
Specific Activities related to Japan: Special lectures, con-
ferences, workshops, research colloquia, outreach pro-
grams, curriculum development, library acquisition, and
language training, student exchanges, fellowships, language
labs, art museum collection.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
East Asian languages and culture, religion and philosophy,
art history, history, anthropology, education, political
science, economics.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
50,000
(in English)
40,000
Japanese Periodicals
300
Publications: East Asian Research Series (irregular)
Subscription Price: ($5.00 to 15.00)
Macalester College
Japan Studies Program
1600 Grand Ave.
St. Paul, Minnesota 55116
Tel: (612) 696-6000
Fax: (612) 696-6689
Key Person: Phyllis Larson, Chairperson, Japanese Lan-
guage Program
Brief Description of Organization: Macalester College is
an undergraduate liberal arts college with longstanding
commitments to academic excellence, an international per-
spective, diversity in its student body and to community
service. Its 1742 full-time students include ten percent
American minorities and ten percent international students
representing sixty nations. The Japanese Studies Program
71
offers an undergraduate major and minor. Japanese lan-
guage and literature courses are offered from elementary to
the advanced levels and at least four courses per year are
offered in Japanese history. In addition, courses focusing
on Japan are available in art history, theater and drama,
geography, history of religion, history of music, philoso-
phy, political science and women's studies. The program
also supports a residential dormitory Japan Floor and
unique student and faculty exchanges with Miyagi Kyoiku
Daigaku, a Japanese national university. Each year a score
of Macalester students study at Japanese institutions such
as Waseda University, International University, Nanzan
University and Sophia University.
Number of Staff:
178
(Related to Japan)
11
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
162
(in English)
4,654
Japanese Periodicals
4
University of Massachusetts
Department of Asian Languages & Literatures
26 Thompson Hall
Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-0029
Tel: (413) 545-0886
Key Person: Prof. Donald Gjertson, Chairman
Brief Description of Organization: An academic depart-
ment offering degree programs leading to B.A. in Chinese
and Japanese. M.A. in Chinese available Fall 91. M.A. in
Japanese forthcoming.
Number of Staff:
9
(Related to Japan)
4
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
B.A. in Japanese language, literature, linguistics and cul-
ture courses relating to Japan are offered. Undergraduate
student exchange programs with various schools in Japan
(Hokkaido, Sophia, ICU, etc.) are also available.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Language, literature, linguistics, and culture courses relat-
ing to Japan are offered.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
11,000
Japanese Periodicals
24
Remarks: Books relating to Japan in Western languages are
kept in the Main stacks of the Library.
72
University Programs
The University of Michigan
Center for Japanese Studies
108 Lane Hall
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
Tel: (313) 764-6307
Fax: (313) 936-2948
Key Personnel: Robert Lyons Danly, Director and Prof. of
Japanese Language and Literature; John Campbell,
Associate Prof. of Political Science; Robert E. Cole, Prof.
of Sociology and Business; T. Griffith Foulk, Assistant
Prof. of Buddhist Studies; Luis O. Gomez, Prof. of Bud-
dhist Studies; Witmore Gray, Prof. of Law; Roger F. Hack-
ett, Prof. of History; Karl Hutterer, Prof. of Anthropology
and Archaeology; Ken Ito, Associate Prof. of Japanese
Language and Literature; Misao Kozuka, Lecturer in Japa-
nese Language; William P. Malm, Prof. of Music History
and Ethnomusicology; Yasuko Matsudo, Assistant Head,
Asia Library and Curator, Japanese Collection; Kaori
Ohara, Lecturer in Japanese Language; Tokiko Oshiro,
Lecturer in Japanese Language; Vladimir Pucik, Associate
Prof. of International Business; Esperanza Ramirez-
Christensen, Assistant Prof. of Japanese Language and
Literature; Harold W. Stevenson, Prof. of Psychology;
Yuzuru Takeshita, Prof. of Population Planning and Inter-
national Health; Hitomi Tonomura, Assistant Prof. of His-
tory; Keiko Unedaya, Lecturer in Japanese Language.
Brief Description of Organization: Established in 1947, the
Center was the first interdisciplinary institute of its kind in
the United States devoted to research and training on Japan.
Center faculty, drawn from a variety of disciplines in the
humanities, social sciences and professional schools, pur-
sue research on both traditional and contemporary Japan.
Their goal is to make fundamental advances in our knowl-
edge about Japan and to communicate that knowledge to
students and other scholars, business, labor, government,
and the general public. Cultural activities include Japanese
film series, art exhibitions, and musical performances.
Educational activities include lecturers, seminars, confer-
ences, corporate internships, executive education, and sur-
vey research. Services to the business community are
offered through the East Asia Business Program, a joint
venture of the Center for Japanese Studies, the Center for
Chinese Studies and the School of Business Adminis-
tration.
The University offers approximately 300 courses focus-
ing on Japan, annually enrolling over 4,000 students at the
undergraduate and graduate levels. The Center offers B.A.
and M.A. degrees in Japanese Studies, and jointly, with the
73
School of Business Administration, the M.A./M.B.A.
degree in Asian Studies with a concentration on Japan.
Ph.D. degrees with specialization on Japan are offered
through the disciplinary departments.
Areas of Info Related to Japan Available: Many individual
as well as collective research projects are carried out under
Center auspices. Major projects have included the Joint
U.S.-Japan Automotive Study, Studies in Japanese
Archaeology and Prehistory, and Computer Assisted
Instruction in Japanese Language. Ongoing faculty projects
include research on modern and classical Japanese litera-
ture, Japanese government policy toward the elderly, Zen
Buddhist monastic institutions, and the industrial organiza-
tion of quality control. Endowed in 1988, the Toyota Visit-
ing Professorship provides a rotating chair for scholars and
opinion leaders pursuing research on public policy and
other issues.
Publications: The Center's Publications Program publishes
research on Japan by scholars around the world. Works
currently appear in three series: Michigan Papers in Japa-
nese Studies (original papers and symposia in the social
sciences and humanities, reports on current issues, and
bibliographic and reference aids), Michigan Monograph
Series in Japanese Studies, Michigan Classics in Japanese
Studies.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
220,000
(in English)
75,000
Japanese Periodicals
2,000
Nonseries publications include historical bibliographies
and manuals for Japanese language instruction. The Center
also publishes materials of interest to industry, government,
and the general public.
East Asia Business Program
Lane Hall
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
Tel: (313) 763-0383
Key Personnel: John C. Campbell, Program Director;
Heidi Tietjen, Program Coordinator
Brief Description of Organization: Established in 1985,
this Program is a joint venture of the Center of Japanese
Studies, the Center for Chinese Studies, and the School of
Business Administration. Our objective is to strengthen the
capacity of American business to compete and collaborate
with in East Asia.
Specific Activities related to Japan: Executive seminars on
Japan, Management seminars on China and other Pacific
Rim countries. The International Automotive Industry
Conference, held every spring. Academic conferences and
74
University Programs
Reaching Union Leaders-briefings with UAW-GM Human
Resources Center to provide one-day briefings on the Japa-
nese auto industry and its implications for the American
industry.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Joint Degree Program (MA/MBA); Internships for Gradu-
ate Students
University of Minnesota
Department of East Asian Studies
113 Folwell Hall
9 Pleasant Street, S.E.
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
Tel: (612) 624-0007
Fax: (612) 624-6369
Key Person: Alan Kagan, Chairman
Brief Description of Organization: Cross-disciplinary pro-
gram in language, social sciences and humanities. Degree
programs through the Ph.D.
Number of Staff:
30
(Related to Japan)
13
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Language, linguistics, literature, history, political science,
sociology, economics, music and art.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
25,000
(in English)
10,000
Japanese Periodicals
75
New York University
The Center for Japan-U.S. Business and Economic Studies
Graduate School of Business Administration
100 Trinity Place
New York, New York 10006
Tel: (212) 285-6050
Fax: (212) 285-6913
Key Personnel: Ryuzo Sato, Director; and C.V. Starr Prof.
of Economics; Koji Sonoda, Associate Director
Brief Description of Organization: The Center was estab-
lished in 1983 to foster mutual understanding of the busi-
ness and economic systems of Japan and the United States
and to improve business and economic policies on both
sides of the Pacific. The Center aims to accomplish its
goals through scholarly but policy-oriented research,
degree and continuing education programs, and confer-
ences on matters of serious interest between the two
nations.
The Center's research program focus on matters that
influence business decision-making and government policy.
The Center's courses are designed to provide students with
75
a solid understanding of Japanese and U.S. business prac-
tices along with specific information and skills useful in
operating in a foreign environment. Conferences are spon-
sored semi-annually and focus on current topics of interest
to business people, government officials and academics of
both countries. Funding for the Center's activities is
provided equally by U.S. and Japanese companies and
organizations.
Specific Activities related to Japan: Conferences discuss-
ing technological or finance related issues between Japan
and the U.S.
Publications: Japan and World Economy (with North Hol-
land) (Quarterly)
Subscription Price: ($135.75)
Remarks: The Center maintains working papers presented
at their conferences.
East Asian Studies
26 Washington Place
Press Annex Bldg., Room 664
New York, New York 10006
Tel: (212) 998-7620
Key Person: Prof. Donald Johnson, Director
(212) 998-5497
The Ohio State University
Institute for Japanese Studies
308 Dulles Hall
230 West 17 Street
Columbus, Ohio 43210-1311
Tel: (614) 292-9660
Fax: (614) 292-4725
Key Person: Bradley M. Richardson, Director
Brief Description of Organization: Coordinating organiza-
tion of Japanese studies at Ohio State University.
Number of Staff:
22
Specific Activities related to Japan: Coordinate faculty and
curriculum development, library resource development,
special language programs for business students and busi-
ness and culture outreach seminars.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
History, political science, anthropology, economics, busi-
ness, language and literature.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
43,956+2,968 Fiche Sheets
(in English)
8,250
Japanese Periodicals
362
Publications: IJS Newsletter (3 times a year)
Subscription Price: (Free)
76
University Programs
University of Oklahoma
Asian Studies Program
455 West Lindsey, Room 406
Norman, Oklahoma 73019
Tel: (405) 325-6572
Key Personnel: Sidney Brown, Chairman and President of
Japanese History; Koichi Miura, Asst. Prof. of Japanese
Language and Literature
Brief Description of Organization: This is an interdiscipli-
nary undergraduate program leading to a B.A. degree. The
student studies the fundamentals of the civilizations of East
and South Asia in their traditional and modern settings.
The Program utilizes the faculties of several departments
including anthropology, art, geography, history, modern
languages and literatures, philosophy, and political science.
The Program aims to provide the first stage of training for
persons interested in teaching, business, research, foreign
service, and others who plan to deal with Asia.
Specific Activities related to Japan: American Exchange
program with Ritsumeikan University of Kyoto, Japan.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Producing shows on traditional Japanese music-Gagaku
and others.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
2,100
Japanese Periodicals
6
Publications: World Literature Today (quarterly)
Subscription Price: ($20 annually)
University of Oregon
Center for Asian & Pacific Studies
Eugene, Oregon 97403
Tel: (503) 346-5087
Fax: (503) 346-3127
Key Personnel: William S. Ayres, Chair, Asian Studies; C.
Melvin Aikens, Acting Director, Center for Asian and
Pacific Studies
Brief Description of Organization: The Center represents
an interdisciplinary program that includes Asian Studies,
East Asian Languages and Literatures, International
Studies, International Business, Pacific Islands Studies, and
Southeast Asian Studies. Japanese specialists are included
in Asian Studies, the core area studies program, in East
Asian Languages and Literature, and in International Busi-
ness. They participate in a variety of research projects and
degree programs.
77
Asian Studies offers a broad range of courses on Japan
and East Asia in anthropology, art history, history, political
science, religious studies and sociology leading to a B.A.
and M.A. degrees. These degrees typically integrate histor-
ical and social science or humanities perspectives on Asian
culture and society. International Business has an active
program and is offering a Masters related to Japan. East
Asian Languages has a Japanese Pedagogy program and a
major new language center underway.
Number of Staff:
70
Asian Studies Staff:
29
(Related to Japan)
13
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
36,000
(in English)
8,000
Japanese Periodicals
146
Publications: Asian Studies Publication Series
The University of the Pacific
Dept. of Modern Languages and Literatures
3601 Pacific Ave.
Stockton, California 95211-9998
Tel: (209) 946-2909
Fax: (209) 946-2406
Key Person: Barbara Sayles, Chairperson
Brief Description of Organization: Liberal Arts Univer-
sity, which includes undergraduate and graduate study in
all major areas: Liberal Arts College; Conservatory of
Music; Schools of International Studies; Education,
Engineering, Pharmacy, Law, Dentistry; University Col-
lege and Graduate School.
Number of Staff:
700+
(Related to Japan)
9
Specific Activities related to Japan: One of the most exten-
sive academic Study Abroad programs in the U.S. Direct
exchange programs with Nanzan University, Kansai
University, Waseda University, Sophia University. Many
other Study Abroad programs offered through the School
for International Training (Vermont); films and seminars
on Japan; Japanese clubs; and yearly cultural activities.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Japanese language; literary surveys (all periods); business
and children's Japanese; culture and civilization; Japanese
history (all periods); Japanese art (survey); politics and
education in Japan; anthropology of Japan; cross-cultural
studies; and re-entry training.
78
University Programs
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
250+
(in English)
2,500 monographs; 25 serials
Japanese Periodicals
6+
Remarks: Students majoring in Japanese are highly
encouraged to study for one academic year in Japan;
minors in Japanese and/or in the School of International
Studies (SIS) are required to study Japanese for two years.
All SIS majors must study in Japan for one or more
semesters.
University of Pennsylvania
Department of Oriental Studies
847 Williams Hall/CU
36th and Spruce Streets
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
Tel: (215) 898-7466
Fax: (215) 898-0933
Key Person: Dr. William LaFleur, Head of Japanese
Studies
Brief Description of Organization: The East Asian section
focuses on the civilization of China and Japan, with
appropriate emphasis on their contacts with other areas
such as Inner and Southeast Asia and India. The program
deals with the humanistic and institutional aspects of East
Asian civilizations in a broad historical perspective, with a
strong emphasis on language training. The Chinese and
Japanese sections also provide special advanced language
instruction to the Joseph H. Lauder Institute of Manage-
ment and International Studies at the Wharton School of
Business. This joint M.A./M.B.A. program is designed to
produce internationally-minded business men and women
with expertise in five target languages, including Japanese
and Chinese. The University has student exchange pro-
grams with International Christian University and
Kanazawa University in Japan.
Number of Staff:
33
(Related to Japan)
6.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
30,385
Japanese Periodicals
74
Newspapers
2
Remarks: Library: See University of Pennsylvania, the
Charles Patterson Van Pelt Library.
79
University of Pittsburgh
Center for International Studies
Asian Studies Program
4E-05 Forbes Quadrangle
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
Tel: (412) 648-7370
Fax: (412) 648-2199
Key Person: Dr. L. Keith Brown, Director
Brief Description of Organization: Integral Unit of Univ.
Center for International Studies but with its own Board of
Control. Founded 1960, a National Resource Center for
East Asian Studies with 76 faculty members in Depts.
throughout the Univ. offering research seminars and lec-
tures by visiting scholars, outreach programs to local pub-
lic and private schools. Substantial endowment fund.
Number of Staff:
29
Specific Activities related to Japan: Each year the Japan
Council of the Univ. sponsors public lectures and seminars
that feature distinguished members of academia, business,
and government from Japan, the U.S., and elsewhere.
These events bring first-hand knowledge and personal
experience to the student's scholarly training. The council
also hosts Japan-related workshops, film series, musical
concerts, and art exhibits. Collections of Japanese Netsuke,
Samurai Armor, and other artifacts at nearby Carnegie
Museum of Natural History are a rich source for scholarly
research as well as enjoyment.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Japanese studies at the Univ. of PGH. is organized to
develop greater understanding of Japanese culture, lan-
guage, and history through original scholarly research, a
broad-based instructional program, and community out-
reach. Since its establishment, the program has steadily
expanded its course and degree offerings for undergraduate
and graduate students in humanities, social sciences, and
the professional schools.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
28,330
(in English)
500
Japanese Periodicals
300
Princeton University
Department of East Asian Studies
211 Jones Hall
Princeton, New Jersey 08544
Tel: (609) 258-5905
Key Personnel: Martin C. Collcutt, Director, Prof., Japa-
nese History; Noriko Cakmak, Lecturer, Japanese Lan-
80
University Programs
guage; Kent Calder, Asst. Prof., Japanese Politics; Sheldon
Garon, Asst. Prof., Japanese History; Helen Hardacre,
Asst. Prof., Japanese Religion; Amy Heinrich, Asst. Prof.,
Japanese Literature; Marius Jansen, Prof., Japanese His-
tory; Marion J. Levy, Jr., Prof., Asian Sociology and Pub-
lic Affairs; Earl Miner, Prof., Japanese Literature; Nobuo
Ogawa, Asst. Prof., Japanese Language and Linguistics;
Gilbert Rozman, Prof., Asian Sociology; Yoshiaki Shimizu,
Prof., Japanese Art; Haruka Ueda, Lecturer, Japanese
Language.
Brief Description of Organization: The Department offers
both undergraduate and graduate degree programs in the
areas of East Asian languages (Chinese and Japanese only
at present), literature and traditional history. The Depart-
ment also manages the East Asian Studies Program for
undergraduate and graduate students who are primarily
enrolled in a disciplinary department (art and archaeology,
history, politics and sociology, for example), but who have
an area focus on East Asia. The Department sponsors vari-
ous lectures, films and social events, including the East
Asian Coffee Hour, which features a guest speaker and is
open to the public.
Remarks: See Princeton University, Gest Oriental Library
and East Asian Collections
Salem-Teikyo University
Main Street
Salem, West Virginia 26426
Tel: (304) 782-5389
Fax: (304) 782-5306
Key Person: Dr. Ronald E. Ohl, President
Brief Description of Organization: This University was
created as the joint venture of Salem Univ. and Teikyo
Univ. of Japan as the first attempt of its kind in the United
States, for cross-cultural university educations for both
American and Japanese students.
Number of Staff:
160
(Related to Japan)
1
Specific Activities related to Japan: This international edu-
cation center will have one-half of its students from Japan
by 1993.
St. John's University
Institute of Asian Studies
Grand Central & Utopia Parkways
Jamaica, New York 11439
Tel: (718) 990-6581
Key Person: Dr. Cecilia S. Chang, Dean and Director
81
Brief Description of Organization: The Institute offers
M.A. programs in East Asian studies, and Chinese studies.
The objectives of the M.A. program in East Asian studies
are for students to achive a comprehensive and critical
study of the historical, social, economic, political and cul-
tural developments in East Asia as a whole and individual
societies. Linguistic studies in Chinese and Japanese are
provided together with interdisciplinary courses on the
region. Courses on Japan are offered in the fields of bib-
liography and histography, East Asian history, civilization,
religion, literature, art history, diplomatic history, social
and economic history, international relations and language.
Number of Staff:
12
(Related to Japan)
6
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
800
(in English)
3,500
Japanese Periodicals
12
Publications: American Asian Review (quarterly)
Subscription Price: (1 yr.-U.S. $20.00 Outside U.S. $25.00
2 yr.-U.S. $35.00 Outside U.S. $40.00)
Seton Hall University
Institute of Far Eastern Studies
377 North Wyoming Ave.
South Orange, New Jersey 07079
Tel: (201) 762-8882
Fax: (201) 761-0721
Key Person: John Young, Director
Brief Description of Organization: Founded in 1951, the
Institute aims to promote research and activities that will
contribute to intercultural and international understanding.
The major functions of the Institute are to conduct and
promote research relative to Far Eastern studies; to main-
tain a network of scholars and researchers in Far Eastern
studies; to write and seek grant proposals as well as to fos-
ter research, scholarship and other activities that promote
Far Eastern studies; to seek sources of external funding
from private sources; to sponsor special activities such as
lectures, cultural festivals and conferences relative to Far
Eastern studies; to provide professional outreach projects
relative to Far Eastern studies; and to promote and engage
in the publication of occasional papers related to Far East-
ern studies.
In addition to the above activities, the Institute sponsors
the Asian Bilingual Curriculum Development Center,
which develops curriculum materials for bilingual educa-
tion in Chinese, Japanese and Korean.
82
University Programs
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Topics of research include such interdisciplinary themes as
U.S. policy toward Asia, new developments in Japanese
technology, political trends in China, the direction of
Korean economic policy and the status of East Asian ethnic
groups living in the United States.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
3,000
(in English)
2,000
Japanese Periodicals
15
Stanford University
Center for East Asian Studies
Littlefield Center, Rm. 14
Stanford, California 94305-5013
Tel: (415) 723-3362
Key Person: Lyman P. Van Slyke, Director
Brief Description of Organization: Center for academic,
administrative and social functions at Stanford, coordinates
B.A. and M.A. programs in East Asian Studies. Courses
offered in the fields of anthropology, art, economics, his-
tory, languages, philosophy, political science and religious
studies. Results of research are published in books and aca-
demic/professional journals. Regular colloquia series with
topics in Japanese studies. Also films, and workshops on
East Asian Studies.
Specific Activities related to Japan: The Center is desig-
nated as a National Resource Center for East Asian Studies
by the U.S. Department of Education.
The Center (1) provides a physical space for academic,
administrative, and social functions: (2) coordinates Stan-
ford's B.A. and M.A. programs in East Asian studies;
(3) runs a number of programs that link the University's
resources on China and Japan with civic groups, secondary
schools, and local colleges; (4) manages the East Asian
Studies Student Association; and (5) administers the China
and Japan Project of the Stanford Program on International
and Cross-Cultural Education, which aims to improve
Asian studies education at the elementary and secondary
school levels.
The University of Texas at Austin
Center for Asian Studies
SSB 4.126
Austin, Texas 78712-1194
Tel: (512) 471-5811
Fax: (512) 471-9639
Key Person: Richard W. Lariviere, Director
83
Brief Description of Organization: Center organizes
classes about both South and East Asia (includes Japan)
Holds seminars, lectures and conferences; disseminates
information about scholarships, jobs, etc.; assists students.
Number of Staff:
28
Specific Activities related to Japan: Teach courses, spon-
sor lectures and inform students.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Some secondary level teaching materials and basic refer-
ence books and magazines from Japan (English language).
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
(in English)
85
Washington University in St. Louis
Asian & Near Eastern Languages & Literatures
Campus Box 1111
One Brookings Drive
St. Louis, MO 63130-4899
Tel: (314) 889-5156
Fax: (314) 889-5799
Key Personnel: Robert E. Hegel, Chair; Karen Brock,
Asst. Prof., Japanese painting and Buddhist art; John W.
Bennett, Prof. Emeritus, Japanese post-industrial society;
Mary Jean Cowell, Assoc. Prof., Japanese theater and
dance; Tamie Kamiyama, Prof., Japanese Language and
Modern Literature; Marvin Marcus, Asst. Prof., Japanese
Language and Modern Literature; Virginia Marcus, Lec-
turer, Japanese Language; Robert E. Morrell, Prof., Early
Japanese Literature and Buddhism; Sachiko Kaneko Mor-
rell, East Asian Librarian; Eugene Soviak, Assoc. Prof.,
Modern and Contemporary Japanese Intellectual History.
Brief Description of Organization: The Department of
Asian and Near Eastern Languages and Literatures offers a
Ph.D. program in Japanese (or Chinese) jointly with the
Committee on Comparitive Literature. Candidates combine
study and research in Japanese literature (sometimes in
conjunction with Chinese) and one or more Western litera-
tures to produce a dissertation utilizing comparative
approaches.
Number of Staff:
29
(Related to Japan)
8
Specific Activities related to Japan: For its undergradu-
ates, the University offers year-abroad programs at Waseda
University in Tokyo and a Beijing Teachers College and
Nanjing University in China. There is also a graduate stu-
dent exchange with Tsukuba University, Tokyo, for
advanced studies in Japanese and area studies.
84
University Programs
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
42,000
(in English)
11,000
Japanese Periodicals
200
University of Washington
Jackson School of International Studies
Japan Studies Program
DR-05
Seattle, Washington 98195
Tel: (206) 543-4370
Fax: (206) 685-0668
Key Person: Professor Kozo Yamamura, Chairman
Brief Description of Organization: The Jackson School is
a department within the University of Washington
specializing in international studies.
Number of Staff:
19 (Jackson School only)
(Related to Japan)
20
Specific Activities related to Japan: The Japan Studies
Program conducts a regular Japan Colloquium, bringing in
scholars from out of town for seminar presentations and
discussions. The Journal of Japanese Studies, widely
recognized as the leading journal in the field, is based in
our Program, and the Journal's parent organization, the
Society for Japanese Studies, undertakes special projects
on topics ranging from bilateral trade issues to early child-
hood socialization in Japan.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Economics, political economy, society of Japan, art his-
tory, law, political science, business, history.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
101,493
(in English)
50,000
Japanese Periodicals
3,700
Publications: The Journal of Japanese Studies (semi-
annual)
Subscription Price: ($25 and $27 for U.S. and foreign
orders, respectively, unless ordered direct)
Yale University
Council on East Asian Studies
Box 13A Yale Station
New Haven, Connecticut 06520
Tel: (203) 432-3426
Key Personnel: William W. Kelly, Chairman; Prof. Anthro-
pology; Edwin McClellan, Sumitomo Prof., Japanese
Literature; Chie Chao, Senior Lector; Edward Kamens,
Asst. Prof., Japanese Literature; Eiko Ikegami, Asst.
85
Prof., Japanese Sociology; Koichi Hamada, Prof., Japa-
nese Economics; James Crowley, Prof., Japanese History;
Stanley Weinstein, Prof., Buddhist Studies; Eitetsu
Yamaguchi, Senior Lecturer; Samuel E. Martin, Prof., Far
Eastern Languages & Literatures; Conrad Totman, Prof.,
Japanese History; Hideo Kaneko, Curator EAS Collection;
Caryn White, Coordinator East Asian Resource & Educa-
tion Program
Brief Description of Organization: The East Asian
Resource and Education Program is one of the programs of
the Council on East Asian Studies at Yale.
Number of Staff:
35
(Related to Japan)
17
Number of Members: 3,500 (on mailing list)
Specific Activities related to Japan: The Council's M.A.
Program in Chinese and Japanese studies is a concentrated
course of study designed to provide a broad understanding
of the Chinese and Japanese people, their culture, historical
development, and contemporary problems. Courses are
offered in the fields of anthropology, language and litera-
ture, economics, history, history of art, linguistics, political
science, religious studies and sociology.
The East Asian Resource and Education Program offers
an intensive Summer Institute for Teachers, does profes-
sional development and consulting work on the teaching of
East Asia (45% on Japan) with school districts around the
U.S. and Departments of Education; maintains a Resource
Center which circulates reference works, books, curricu-
lum materials, videos and films on Japan, and publishes a
newsletter.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Anthropology, literature, languages & linguistics, eco-
nomics, history of art, political science, religious studies,
sociology and education
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
168,000
Japanese Periodicals
1,130
Publications: East Asian Newsletter and occasional curric-
ulum units, bibliographies (bi-annually)
Subscription Price: ($5.00/year)
Remarks: Library in two parts: (1) SML (2) East Asian
Resource Center (housed separately)
Resource Center: Books related to Japan in English: 700
Periodicals on Japan: 10 titles
Films & Videos on Japan: 120
86
Research Institutions
American Enterprise Institute for
Public Policy Research
1150 17th Street N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20036
Tel: (202) 862-5800
Fax: (202) 862-7177
Key Person: Dr. John H. Makin, Director of Fiscal Policy
Studies
Brief Description of Organization: Public policy research
institute which sponsors conferences, publishes books and
magazines.
Number of Staff:
123
(Related to Japan)
5
Specific Activities related to Japan:
-published SHARING WORLD LEADERSHIP: A NEW
ERA FOR AMERICA AND JAPAN
- will publish follow-up study to above book
-conduct semi-annual seminars with Japan Economic
Foundation
-recently conducted workshop for U.S. State Dept. on
Japan
- Dr. Makin is Chairman of Japan-U.S. Friendship Com-
mission
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
economics; international trade; national security; politics
Publications: 304 page book cited above plus occasional
articles in AMERICAN ENTERPRISE magazine on Japan
Subscription Price: ($29.00 per 6-bi-monthly issues)
Association for Asian Studies
1 Lane Hall
University of Michigan
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
Tel: (313) 665-2490
Fax: (313) 665-3801
Key Person: L.A. Peter Gosling, Secretary-Treasurer
Brief Description of Organization: The Association is a
professional membership society open to all persons
interested in Asia and the scholarly study of Asia. Also
sponsors and promotes research on Asia through various
conferences and council/committee meetings.
Number of Staff:
7
Number of Members: 6,600
87
Specific Activities related to Japan: Northeast Asia Coun-
cil of the Association administers travel grants funded by
the Japan-US Friendship Commission.
Publications: Japanese Studies in the United States. Part
II: Directory of Japan Specialists and Japanese Studies
Institutions in the United States & Canada.
Subscription Price: ($35 plus US postage $3; non-USA
postage $7 [Funded by The Japan Foundation.])
The Atlantic Council of the United States
(ACUS)
Atlantic-Pacific Programs
1616 H Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20017
Tel: (202) 347-9353
Fax: (202) 737-5163
Key Person: Dr. Alfred D. Wilhelm, Director
Brief Description of Organization: ACUS is the national
center for the formulation of policy recommendations on
the problems and opportunities shared by the developed
democracies. The Council is national in scope, rigorously
bipartisan in orientation, and actively centrist and
consensus-building in nature.
Number of Staff:
25
(Related to Japan)
2
Number of Members: 400+
Specific Activities related to Japan: Policy Project: US-
Japan Cooperative Leadership Program, US-Japan Energy
Dialogue, Consultations with Pacific Allies, Economic and
Security Affairs in Northeast Asia
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
"U.S.-Japan Cooperative Leadership for Peace and Global
Prosperity," Policy Paper
"The Downside of the Japanese Economy: Implications for
the United States," Occasional paper
The United States and Japan: Cooperative Leadership for
Peace and Global Prosperity, Book
Publications: Policy Series
Subscription Price: (Subscription by membership. Cost
$100-$2000)
The Brookings Institution
1775 Massachusetts Ave, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20036
Tel: (202) 797-6000
Fax: (202) 797-6004
Key Personnel: Edward Lincoln, Sr. Fellow, Foreign Policy
Studies; Philip Trezise, Sr. Fellow, Foreign Policy Studies
88
Research Institutions
Brief Description of Organization: The Brookings Institu-
tion is an independent organization devoted to nonpartisan
research, education and publication in economics, govern-
ment, foreign policy and the social sciences generally. Its
principal purposes are to aid in the development of sound
public policies and to promote public understanding of
issues of national importance.
Number of Staff:
263
(Related to Japan)
8
Specific Activities related to Japan: Center for Public
Policy Education seminars:
"A Look Inside Policymaking in Japan," May 27-June 1,
1990, Tokyo
"World Management Program," Fall 1990,
U.S./Europe/Japan
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Economy, trade, and defense issues
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
(in English)
600
Japanese Periodicals
7
Publications: The Brookings Institute offers a wide selec-
tion of publications. Catalogues are available.
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
2400 N Street, N.W.
Washington, D.C. 20037-1118
Tel: (202) 862-7900
Fax: (202) 862-2610
Key Person: Thomas L. Hughes, President
Brief Description of Organization: The Carnegie Endow-
ment for International Peace was founded in 1910 by
Andrew Carnegie. An operating (not a grant-making) foun-
dation, it conducts its own programs of research, discus-
sion, publication and education in international relations
and US foreign policy.
Number of Staff:
59
(Related to Japan)
4
Specific Activities related to Japan: Some research and
studies conducted by Carnegie Scholars related to Japan
are, Nayan Chanda, Senior Associate, "Major Powers &
Southeast Asia"; Selig S. Harrison, Senior Associate,
"South & East Asia"; Paul H. Kreisberg, Senior Associate,
"American Policy in Asia"; Catherine Dalpine, Resident
Associate, "Asian Political Transitions & the American
Response"
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
National and international policies of Japanese govern-
ment, including defense, diplomacy, treaties etc.
89
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
(in English)
approx. 20
Publications: Foreign Policy Magazine (quarterly)
Subscription Price: (Domestic: $23; Overseas via air, $43;
via surface $28.)
Center for Strategic and International Studies
(CSIS)
1800 "K" Street, N.W., Suite 400
Washington, D.C. 20006
Tel: (202) 887-0200
Fax: (202) 775-3199
Key Personnel: Ann Armstrong, Chairperson of Executive
Board; David M. Abshire, President; Kent E. Calder,
Japan Chair
Brief Description of Organization: Established in 1962 as
an interdisciplinary and nonpartisan research organization
and forum concerned with the international implications of
current and prospective foreign and domestic issues. CSIS
aims to aid America's leaders and citizens by alerting them
to emerging problems and by gathering together people
with insight and knowledge to discuss solutions.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
CSIS conducts research relating to varying degrees of
Japan and U.S.-Japan relations in the following areas:
(1) Regional Studies: This program includes Japan in the
1990s, a multidisciplinary approach to the future of Japan
and of U.S.-Japan relations in the 1990s that focuses on
energy, trade, security, bilateral communication and both
nations' relations with the developing world. (2) Interna-
tional Business and Economic Studies: the program
includes sponsorship of the Quadrangular Conference.
(3) International Communications. (4) Political-military
Studies. (5) Resource and Energy Studies. (6) Science and
Technology.
Publications: The Washington Quarterly, Monographs and
Books-the results of its research and other programs in
independent books or monograph series such as the
Washington Papers and the Significant Issues Series
The Chicago Council on Foreign Relations
Program Department
116 South Michigan Ave.
Chicago, Illinois 60603
Tel: (312) 726-3860
Fax: (312) 726-4491
Key Person: Arthur Cyr, Vice President and Program
Director
90
Research Institutions
Brief Description of Organization: The Council sponsors
numerous seminars, colloquia, lectures and conferences for
its members, including general membership meetings, the
Chicago Committee, the Committee on Foreign Affairs,
invitational meetings, the Council Benefactors Program,
Corporate Service, the Council Forum, Regional Outreach
Program and study groups.
During 1983 and 1984, Japan was a focal point of the
Council's research.
For more information about the publications of this
research material please call the Council.
Number of Staff:
19
(Related to Japan)
7 (Program Dept.)
Number of Members: 12,000
Specific Activities related to Japan: Various programs on
topics about Japan for general membership, invitational
groups, seminars as part of our world-wide programming
schedule.
Council on Foreign Relations
58 East 68th Street
New York, New York 10021
Tel: (212) 734-0400
Fax: (212) 861-1789
Key Person: Alan D. Romberg, Asia Studies Dept.
Brief Description of Organization: The Council is pri-
vately funded, nonprofit, and nonpartisan organization
whose purposes are (1) to break new ground in considering
international issues; (2) to help shape American foreign
policy in a constructive, nonpartisan manner; (3) to provide
continuing leadership in America's foreign rélations; and
(4) to inform and stimulate the Council's membership, as
well as to reach a wider audience, through publications and
other means.
Specific Activities related to Japan: Study groups, semi-
nars and co-sponsored conferences
Reference Library: The Senior Fellow keeps his own
library on Japan, mainly consisting of periodicals and aca-
demic journals, i.e, the Japan Times Weekly, Asian Wall St.
Journal, Speaking of Japan, and Far Eastern Econ. Review.
Publications: Not a regular publication, however, the Sen-
ior Fellow occasionally write articles for Foreign Affairs
Magazine with Japan as main topic.
91
East-West Center
Development Policy Program
1777 East-West Road
Honolulu, Hawaii 96848
Tel: (808) 944-7555
Fax: (808) 944-7970
Key Person: Dr. Seiji Naya, Director of Resource Systems
Brief Description of Organization: Research Institute deal-
ing with international economic issues and economic
development
Number of Staff:
12
(Related to Japan)
6
Specific Activities related to Japan: Joint research efforts
with Japanese universities/research institutes; joint
research with Japanese National Committee for Pacific
Economic Cooperation; U.S.-Japan research project; Japa-
nese official development assistance research.
The Heritage Foundation
Asian Studies Center
214 Massachusetts Ave. N.E.
Washington, D.C. 20002
Tel: (202) 546-4400
Fax: (202) 546-8328
Key Person: Roger A. Brooks, Director
Brief Description of Organization: The Heritage Founda-
tion's Asian Studies Center is one of Washington's foremost
and active think-tanks involved in the study of Asia and in
the proposal of solutions to US policy challenges and prob-
lems in Asia.
Number of Staff:
135-Heritage Foundation
10-Asian Studies Center
(Related to Japan)
3
Specific Activities related to Japan: Approximately 6 lec-
tures a year by outside scholars.
The Asian Studies Center's Japan Working Group meets
about 10 times a year to discuss various policy and legisla-
tive issues before the Congress; members of Group are
drawn from Congress, Executive Branch, Law Offices and
Academia; the Center publishes about 3-4 papers a year on
US-Japan ties.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Various Background Reports and lectures from the last 7
years of the Center's existence.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in English)
30
Japanese Periodicals
12
92
Research Institutions
Publications: Issue Papers and books and a quarterly
magazine.
The Hoover Institution on War, Revolution
and Peace
Stanford, California 94305-6010
Tel: (415) 723-0603
Fax: (415) 723-1687
Key Person: Dr. John Raisian, Director
Brief Description of Organization: The Hoover Institution
is an international center for advanced study in domestic
and international affairs. The Institution contains one of
America's largest private archives and most complete
libraries on political, economic and social change in the
20th Century, as well as a major scholarly press.
The Domestic Study Program and the International
Studies Program publish not only the results of basic
research but also current public policy analysis by
economists, political scientists, sociologists, educators and
historians. Each year, the National, Peace and Public
Affairs Fellows Program provides about 12 to 15 younger
scholars the opportunity to pursue advanced postdoctoral
research. Scholars from all over the world come to do
research in the 1.6 million-volume library's outstanding
area collections on Africa and the Middle East, East Asia,
Eastern Europe and Russia, Latin America, North
America and Western Europe.
Number of Staff:
120
(Related to Japan)
25
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
East Asian Collection: Chinese and Japanese language pub-
lications in the social sciences and humanities for all
historical periods. Individual scholar research; library and
archive collection on Japan.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
130,000
Japanese Periodicals
251
Publications: The Hoover Institution Press annually pub-
lishes approximately 25 titles on a broad range of topics
relating to 20th Century history, domestic and foreign
policy issues, as well as bibliographic and documentary
works. A major publication is the annual YEARBOOK ON
INTERNATIONAL COMMUNIST AFFAIRS.
93
Hudson Institute
Herman Kahn Center
P.O. Box 26919
Indianapolis, Indiana 46226
Tel: (317) 545-1000
Fax: (317) 545-9639
Key Personnel: Mitchell E. Daniels, Jr., President and
Chief Executive Officer; Jimmy W. Wheeler, Director of
Asia-Pacific Studies
Brief Description of Organization: Not-for-profit policy
research organization specializing in the study of policy
problems and options for the public and private sectors
Number of Staff:
75
(Related to Japan)
3
Number of Members: 200
Specific Activities related to Japan: Studies of interna-
tional economics, regional and country studies in Asia and
the Pacific, and studies of U.S.-Japanese political and eco-
nomic relations.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
U.S.-Japanese economic relations; regional economic
development studies
Publications: Hudson Institute publishes occasional books
& monographs on Japanese issues.
Institute for Medieval Japanese Studies
405 Kent Hall
Columbia University
New York, New York 10027
Tel: (212) 280-5036/5027
Key Person: Barbara Ruch, Director
Brief Description of Organization: The Institute (1) identi-
fies European and American scholars doing basic research
in medieval Japanese studies and encourages communica-
tion among them; (2) organizes and encourages colloquia,
conferences, and other collaborative efforts so as to estab-
lish close contact among Japanese and Western scholars
and students in the field; (3) locates all medieval Japanese
illuminate manuscript books and scrolls that have left Japan
and have found their way into foreign collections, so as to
catalogue, photographs, and publish such primary source
materials; and (4) creates archives of mircofilm and other
photographic copies of all illuminated medieval religious
and literary texts held outside Japan and provides a library
center for the study of these materials, which are available
to all students of the period
Number of Staff:
9
94
Research Institutions
Japanese American Society for Legal Studies
Asian Law Program
School of Law JB-20
University of Washington
Seattle, Washington 98105
Tel: (206) 543-9302
Key Person: Dan Foote, Managing Editor
Brief Description of Organization: The Society aims to
further the mutual understanding of, and seek the develop-
ment of, Japanese and American law and legal scholarship,
especially through the cooperation of members of the legal
profession.
Specific Activities related to Japan: The Society sponsors
study groups and lectures in promoting the contact and
exchange of ideas among members of the legal profession
in Japan and the United States.
Publications: Law in Japan: An Annual
Subscription Price: (Cost is included in membership fees)
Japan Economic Institute of America
1000 Connecticut Avenue NW
Washington, D.C. 20036
Tel: (202) 296-5633
Fax: (202) 296-8333
Key Person: Susan MacKnight, Executive Vice President
and Chief Economist
Brief Description of Organization: Research and informa-
tion organization funded by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
of Japan
Number of Staff:
12
(Related to Japan)
9
Specific Activities related to Japan: Publish two weekly
reports covering the Japanese economy and U.S.-Japan eco-
nomic relations. Publish a monthly report on what Japa-
nese companies are doing in the United States and what
American companies are doing in Japan. Both available by
subscription.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Japanese economy, U.S.-Japan economic relations
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
500
(in English)
5,000
Japanese Periodicals
40
95
Publications: JEI Report (weekly), Japan-U.S. Business
Report (monthly)
Subscription Price: ($40 per year for JEI Report, $125 per
year for Business Report, $150 per year for both publi-
cations)
Woodrow Wilson International Center
For Scholars
1000 Jefferson Dr., S.W.
Washington, D.C. 20560
Tel: (202) 357-2429
Fax: (202) 357-4439
Key Personnel: Charles Blitzer, Director; Sam Wells, Dep-
uty Director; Mary Brown Bullock, Director Asia Program
Brief Description of Organization: The Center is a non-
political resident research institute that serves both as an
international institute for advanced study and as a cross-
road where international and domestic scholars, jour-
nalists, public officials, and business leaders can discuss
the major issues of the times. Opportunities for discussion
are provided through luncheon meetings, afternoon collo-
quia and major meetings. The Center's East West Program
sponsors numerous seminars and meetings related to Japan.
The Center also administers a fellowship program open to
scholars, journalists, politicans, and others.
Number of Staff:
100
(Related to Japan)
3
Publications: Wilson Quarterly, Scholars' Guide, Meeting
and Conference Reports, Radio Dialogue (from their
weekly radio broadcast on 100 member stations of the
Longhorn Radio Network and distributed by satellite to 250
noncommercial stations of National Public Radio).
96
Libraries
Note: The hours for University Libraries are subject to
change with the semesters.
The University of Arizona
Oriental Studies Collection
University Library
Tucson, Arizona 85721
Tel: (602) 621-6380
Fax: (602) 621-4619
Key Personnel: Yu-Yen Teng, Head, Oriental Studies Col-
lection; Shizuko Radbill, Library Asst.
Brief Description of Organization: The Collection is par-
ticularly strong in its holdings on Japanese history, Japa-
nese language and literature, women's studies, Buddhism
and Art. Acquisitions are made on the recommendations of
librarians who systematically search for appropriate titles
to support the Oriental Studies Program and faculty and
graduate research. Faculty members are closely involved
with acquisitions and collection development.
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
32,500
(in English)
4,400
Japanese Periodicals
140
Library Hours: Monday through Friday 8:00 a.m.-
5:00 p.m., Saturday 9:00 a.m.-6:00 p.m., Sunday
11:00 a.m.-Midnight (hours may fluctuate)
The Balch Institute for Ethnic Studies Library
18 South Seventh Street
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19106
Tel: (215) 925-8090
Fax: (215) 922-3201
Key Personnel: Dr. Mark Stolarik, President; R. Joseph
Anderson, Library Director; Patricia M. Proscino,
Reference Librarian
Brief Description of Organization: The Institute documents
and interprets America's multicultural heritage by collect-
ing printed works, manuscripts, photographs, microfilms,
and related research materials necessary for the study of
North American immigration history and ethnicity. The
primary focus of the library's Japanese American book and
periodical collection is on the relocation of Japanese
Americans during World War II. Published holdings are
supplemented by several manuscript and photograph col-
lections, which provide information on life in the Manza-
97
nar, Poston, and Heart Mountain relocation centers and on
resettlement after the war. Its collection does not include
research materials on Japanese living in Japan.
Number of Staff:
25
Number of Members: 1,000
Specific Activities related to Japan: Collect information
on Japanese Americans to document their history and
ethnic life.
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
10
(in English)
500
Japanese Periodicals
10
Publications: New Dimensions (newsletter) (bi-annually),
Balch Institute Press (5 books/year)
Subscription Price: (comes with membership)
Hours: 9 a.m.-5 p.m. Monday through Saturday
Bucknell University
Ellen Clark Bertrand Library
Lewisburgh, Pennsylvania 17837
Tel: (717) 524-1557
Fax: (717) 524-1237
Key Person: Chia-Ching Chang, Head of Serials Library
Brief Description of Organization: The collection is of
Japanese and East Asian materials. History, literature,
religion and business are the main strength of the collection
in relation to East Asia.
Number of Staff:
45
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
4,100
(in English)
4,200
Japanese Periodicals
35
Hours: 8 a.m.-11 p.m. Monday through Friday, 8 a.m.-
5 p.m. Saturday, noon-11 p.m. Sunday
University of California at Berkeley
Japanese Division
East Asiatic Library
Berkeley, California 94720
Tel: (415) 642-2256/7
Fax: (415) 643-7891
Key Person: Hisayuki Ishimatsu, Head Japanese Division
Brief Description of Organization: The East Asiatic Library
has one of the most comprehensive collections of books
and library materials in East Asian languages in the West-
ern world. It serves scholarly and research needs in Far
Eastern arts, archaeology, languages and literatures, lin-
98
Libraries
guistics, philosophy, religions, history, politics, economics,
social conditions, national resources, ethnology, cultural
traits and customs, and other disciplines in the humanities
and social sciences. It maintains the 8,850-volume
Murakami Library of Meiji period writings and the
100,000-volume Mitsui Library. It is also a depository
library of the Japanese government publications.
Number of Staff:
(Related to Japan)
10
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
275,000
(in English)
30,000
Japanese Periodicals
1,770
Hours: 9:00 a.m.-7:00 p.m., Monday through Thursday;
9:00 a.m.-5:00 p.m., Friday and Saturday.
University of California, Los Angeles
Richard C. Rudolph Oriental Library
405 Hilgard Ave.
Los Angeles, California 90024
Tel: (213) 825-1401
Fax: (213) 206-3374
Key Personnel: James Cheng, Head of Oriental Library;
Mihoko Miki, Head of Japanese Division, Oriental
Library
Brief Description of Organization: Collect and preserve
books, journals, microforms published in the Chinese,
Japanese, and Korean languages.
Number of Staff:
18
(Related to Japan)
7
Specific Activities related to Japan: The library received a
HEA Title II-C grant from the Department of Education
to undertake the Japanese fine arts project. The library
is engaged in a retrospective conversion project of all
Chinese, Japanese and Korean materials into the online
data base.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
The library is known for its collection on Japanese humani-
ties, social sciences, literature, history, art and Buddhism,
including the Toganoo Collection on Buddhism.
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
120,000
Japanese Periodicals
1,123
Publications: UCLA Catalog of the University Library,
1919-1962
Union list of Current Japanese Serials, 1988
Remarks: Materials at the library are accessible through
the OCLC/CJK computer system.
99
Hours: 8:00 a.m.-9:00 p.m., Monday through Thursday;
8:00 a.m.-5:00 p.m., Friday; 9:00 a.m.-5:00 p.m., Satur-
day; 1:00 p.m.-5:00 p.m., Sunday.
University of California, Santa Barbara
Oriental Collection
University Library
Santa Barbara, California 93106
Tel: (805) 961-2365
Key Person: Sung-in Ch'oe, Acting Head, Oriental
Collection
Number of Staff:
3
(Related to Japan)
1
Specific Activities related to Japan: The Library purchases
and catalogs Japanese materials for the Main library to sup-
port the University's academic programs concerning Japan.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
The emphasis of this Collection is on religious studies, lan-
guage and literature, political science and history.
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
2,600 (Includes 2,000 in Arts
Library)
(in English)
*
Japanese Periodicals
854
*The number of volumes of English books concerning
Japan are housed in the general collection.
Hours: 7:30 a.m.-11:00 p.m., Monday through Thursday;
7:30 a.m.-10:00 p.m., Friday; 9:00 a.m.-10:00 p.m., Satur-
day; 10:00 a.m.-11:00 p.m., Sunday.
The University of Chicago
East Asian Library
1100 East 57 Street
Chicago, Illinois 60637
Tel: (312) 702-8434
Fax: (312) 702-0853
Key Person: Eizaburo Okuizumi, Head Librarian, Japa-
nese Section
Number of Staff:
(Related to Japan)
7
Specific Activities related to Japan: A member of East
Asian Library Consortium and holds an extensive Japanese
collection.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Humanities and social sciences related to Japan and in Jap-
anese language and Western languages.
100
Libraries
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
140,000
Japanese Periodicals
3,727
(including ceased publications)
Publications: Selective list of Recent Japanese Acquisitions
No. 1-15+ (Quarterly)
Subscription Price: (Free)
Hours: 9:00 a.m.-10:00 p.m., Monday through Thursday;
9:00 a.m.-5:00 p.m., Friday and Saturday.
Cleveland Public Library
Fine Arts & Special Collections Dept.
John G. White Collection of Folklore, Orientalia, & Chess
325 Superior Ave.
Cleveland, Ohio 44114-1271
Tel: (216) 623-2818
Fax: (216) 623-7015
Key Person: Alice N. Loranth, Head Librarian, Fine Arts
and Special Collections Dept.
Number of Staff:
9
(Related to Japan)
1
Specific Activities related to Japan: Collection reference
work relating to Japanese subjects and loan of Japanese
materials to national/international institutions on inter-
library loan.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Source materials in philosophy, religion, literature and
history pertaining to the pre-nineteenth century periods;
scholarly editions and translations of classic oriental texts;
folklore studies; ethnology and cultural anthropology;
early travels and descriptions; and games
of shogi and gõ.
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
2,070
(in English)
3,150
Japanese Periodicals
117
Hours: 9 a.m.-6 p.m., Monday through Saturday
Columbia University
C. V. Starr East Asian Library
300 Kent Hall
New York, New York 10027
Tel: (212) 854-4318
Fax: (212) 662-6286
Key Personnel: Amy V. Heinrich, Head of Reference
and Resource Services; Kenji Niki, Curator, Japanese
Collection
101
Number of Staff:
21
(Related to Japan)
7
Brief Description of Organization: Research collection for
the study of Japanese literature, history, religion and phi-
losophy, and humanities in general; and for the study of
social sciences.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Humanities, history, literature, philosophy, religion, espe-
cially Buddhism; social sciences, economics, sociology,
anthropology, art history, etc.; Japanese local history of the
Hokurku-Chubu region, including Kyoto.
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
200,000+
(in English)
20,000+
Japanese Periodicals
1,100
Publications: Various information brochures available free
in library
Hours: during academic year: Monday-Thursday,
9:00 a.m.-11:00 p.m.; Friday, 9:00 a.m.-7:00 p.m.; Satur-
day, Noon-7:00 p.m.; Sunday, Noon-10:00 p.m.
Cornell University
Wason Collection on East Asia
University Library
Ithaca, New York 14853
Tel: (607) 255-3979
Fax: (607) 255-9091
Key Personnel: Min-chin Chou, Curator; Satoshi Akiba,
Assistant Curator
Number of Staff:
10
(Related to Japan)
4
Specific Activities related to Japan: Collection of mono-
graphs, serials and other materials, Cataloging, Public Ser-
vices (Reference Services), Bibliographic instruction to
graduate students.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
All the humanities and social science subjects
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
66,000
Japanese Periodicals
577
Publications: Cornell University East Asia Papers
Subscription Price: ($7-10 per copy)
Fort Lee Public Library
320 Main Street
Fort Lee, New Jersey 07024
Tel: (201) 592-3615
102
Libraries
Key Person: Joan Kafes, Cataloguer
Brief Description of Organization: This is a part of the
Public Library system for North-East New Jersey, with
books in Japanese (including periodicals) acquired through
donations. Processing is done by volunteers from the Japa-
nese Women's Organization.
Number of Staff:
20
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
approx. 2,200
(in English)
approx. 200
Hours: 10 a.m.-9 p.m., Monday-Thursday; 10 a.m.-5 p.m.,
Friday and Saturday.
Harvard University
Harvard-Yenching Library
Japanese Acquisitions and Reference
2 Divinity Ave.
Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
Tel: (617) 495-3395
Key Person: Toshiyuki Aoki, Head of Japanese Collection
Brief Description of Organization: The Japanese-language
and the Western-languages collections at the Harvard-
Yenching Library cover all the major disciplines in the
humanities and social sciences. Other Harvard libraries,
such as law, business, education, religion, design, and fine
arts, also maintain special collections, mostly in the West-
ern languages, in their respective fields. The Widener
Library, the main unit of the Harvard College Library,
maintains a strong Western-languages collection on Japan.
The Bruno Petzold collection on Japanese Buddhism at the
Harvard-Yenching Library contains materials published in
the Tokugawa period and earlier on the Tendai Sect.
Number of Staff:
32
(Related to Japan)
8
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Social sciences and humanities.
Collection: As of July 1, 1989, the Japanese Collection
consisted of 198,222 volumes, and the Western Collection
consisted of 33,887 volumes. Some of them are related to
Japan and the rest are related to other countries, particu-
larly China and Korea.
Japanese Periodicals Current
1,182
Old
2,013
Hours: 9:00 a.m.-10:00 p.m., Monday through Friday;
9:00 a.m.-5:00 p.m., Saturday. Summer hours: 9:00 a.m.-
5:00 p.m., Monday through Saturday.
103
University of Hawaii at Manoa
East Asia Collection
Thomas Hale Hamilton Library
2250 The Mall
Honolulu, Hawaii 96822
Tel: (808) 956-8042/8116
Key Personnel: Dr. Masato Matsui, Head, East Asia Col-
lection; Jun Nakamura, Sr. Japanese Cataloger
Brief Description of Organization: The Collection main-
tains the Sakamaki Collection (resources on the Ryukyu
Islands) and the Kajiyama Collection (resources on Korean
and Japanese emigration). The Collection itself is strong in
its holdings in history, language and literature.
Number of Staff:
8
(Related to Japan)
3
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
100,000
Japanese Periodicals
60
Newspapers
10
Publications: Japan Industrial & Technological Devel-
opments: Annotated Bibliography (published 1989 -
436 pages)
Hours: 7:30 a.m.-11:00 p.m., Monday-Thursday; 7:30 a.m.-
5:00 p.m., Friday; 9:00 a.m.-4:00 p.m., Saturday; 1:00 p.m.-
11:00 p.m. Sunday
University of Illinois
Japanese Section of the Asian Library
1408 W. Gregory Drive
Urbana, Illinois 61801
Tel: (217) 244-2048
Fax: (217) 244-0398 or 244-6647
Key Person: Yasuko Makino, Japanese Librarian
Number of Staff:
10
(Related to Japan)
3
Brief Description of Organization: Full bibliographic ser-
vices and reference services as well as active participation
in the Interlibrary Loan Services, as well as regular circu-
lation, reading room services.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Humanities and social sciences in general, particularly
strong in Japanese language and literature, Japanese history
and other reference services.
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
49,000
(in English)
Figures not avail.
Japanese Periodicals
300 (240 current)
104
Libraries
Hours: 8:00 a.m.-5:00 p.m., Monday through Friday
Indiana University
East Asian Collection
Bloomington, Indiana 47405
Tel: (812) 855-9695
Fax: (812) 855-8229
Key Person: Thomas H. Lee, East Asian Librarian
Brief Description of Organization: The East Asian Collec-
tion is a major center for resources in East Asian vernacu-
lar languages in the Midwest. It is a member of the C.I.C.
(Committee of Institutional Cooperation of the "Big 10"
universities in the Midwest).
Number of Staff:
5
(Related to Japan)
3
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Humanities and social sciences (Strong in Edo period liter-
ature and pre-modern Japanese history studies.)
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
31,000
(in English)
35,000
Periodicals
185
Publications: Japanese Serials of the East Asian Collec-
tion, Indiana University Library, 1987
Subscription Price: (Free)
Hours: 8:30 a.m.-midnight, daily
Lilly Library
Bloomington, Indiana 47405
Tel: (812) 855-2452
Fax: (812) 855-3143
Key Person: William R. Cagle, Librarian
Brief Description of Organization: The Lilly Library is the
rare book, manuscript and special collections library of the
Indiana University Libraries system. Its books on Japan
generally-reflect the relation of the West to the pre-modern
(16th- to 18th-century) East, particularly the discovery of
Japan by the West.
Number of Staff:
17
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
100
(in English)
500+
Hours: Hours of reading room: 9:00 a.m.-8:00 p.m.,
Monday through Thursday; 9:00 a.m.-1:00 p.m. Saturday.
These hours may be shortened during holiday and aca-
demic vacation periods.
105
The University of Iowa
Japan Collection
Iowa City, Iowa 52242
Tel: (319) 335-5884
Fax: (319) 335-5830
Key Person: Karl Kahler, East Asian Cataloguer
Brief Description of Organization: Research library of the
University of Iowa.
Number of Staff:
(Related to Japan)
1
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Collection of books, periodicals, microfilms, videorecord-
ings, and other formats related to Japan.
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
22,000
Japanese Periodicals
85
Hours: 7:30 a.m.-1:00 a.m. Monday through Thursday;
7:30 a.m.-11:00 p.m., Friday & Saturday; 10:00 a.m.-
1:00 a.m. Sunday
Japan Society, Inc.
333 East 47 Street
New York, New York 10017
Tel: (212) 832-1155
Fax: (212) 755-6752
Key Person: Reiko Sassa, Director of the Library and Lan-
guage Education
Brief Description of Organization: The Library specializes
in books on Japan written in English for interested Ameri-
can readers. Its collection on business, economics, and Jap-
anese arts are excellent.
Number of Staff:
42
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in English)
10,000
Japanese Periodicals
120
Publications: Newsletter (Newsletter is free with Mem-
bership)
Subscription Price: (Membership is $45)
Hours: 10:30 a.m.-3:30 p.m., Tuesday, Wednesday and
Thursday (members only). Non-members may call for an
appointment.
106
Libraries
The University of Kansas
East Asian Library
Lawrence, Kansas 66045
Tel: (913) 864-4669
Key Person: Eugene Carvalho, Director
Brief Description of Organization: Of significant interest
is an extensive collection of materials on the Japanese
Communist party and related subjects up to 1975.
Number of Staff:
5
(Related to Japan)
2
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
All subjects except science and technology.
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
60,000
Japanese Periodicals
100
Hours: 8 a.m.-5 p.m. Monday through Friday
John F. Kennedy Library
Columbia Point
Boston, Massachusetts 02125
Tel: (617) 929-4500
Fax: (617) 929-4538
Brief Description of Organization: Archives of the
Presidency of John F. Kennedy, 1961-1963
Number of Staff:
40
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Small part of archival material in the papers of John F.
Kennedy, 1961-1963, and in Bernard Fall papers are
related to Japan. Oral history interview with Edwin O.
Rieischauer. Other oral history interviews mention Japan.
Hours: 9 a.m.-5 p.m. every day
Los Angeles Public Library
433 S. Spring Street
Los Angeles, California 90013
mailing: 630 W. Fifth Street
Los Angeles, California 90071
Tel: (213) 612-3291
Fax: (213) 612-0536
Key Person: Sylva N. Manoogian, Manager
Brief Description of Organization: The Central Library
and its many branches are an excellent source of East Asian
information. The newest Library in the system of 63
Branches is The Little Tokyo Branch, which was opened in
1989. The Branch is developing a collection of materials in
English and Japanese. Address: 600 East 3rd Street, Los
Angeles, CA 90013; Telephone No. (213) 612-0525; Key
Person: Susan Thompson
107
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
3,500
(in English)
55,000
Japanese Periodicals including Rafu Shimpo, Selections
from the Reader's Digest (in Japanese), and Shosetsu
Shincho, plus others.
Hours: 10:00 a.m.-8:00 p.m. Monday through Thursday;
10:00 a.m.-5:30 p.m. Friday and Saturday.
MacArthur Memorial Archives/Library
MacArthur Square
Norfolk, Virginia 23510
Tel: (804) 441-2965
Key Person: Edward J. Boone, Jr., Archivist
Brief Description of Organization: Repository of the
library, personal papers and many of the official papers of
General Douglas MacArthur, and of key members of his
staffs. For example, papers from General Headquarters
U.S. Army Forces, Pacific (1942-1946); Far East Command
(1947-1951); Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers.
Message Collection (1945-1951); Photographs.
Number of Staff:
(Related to Japan)
2
Specific Activities related to Japan: MacArthur Memorial
has sponsored a series of symposia on the effects of the
Allied occupation; considerable research on the occupation
is conducted by domestic and international students and
scholars. The Allied Occupation of Japan has been the
major topic of research in the Archives and Library since
their creation.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
World War II campaigns in southwest Pacific; Allied occu-
pation of Japan to 1951; private correspondence.
Publications: Proceedings of Symposia on Occupation of
Japan- 8 volumes to date
Subscription Price: (various)
Hours: 8:30 a.m.-5:00 p.m. Monday through Friday.
University of Maryland
East Asia and Gordon W. Prange Collections
McKeldin Library
College Park, Maryland 20742-7011
Tel: (301) 454-2819
Fax: (301) 454-4985 (Interlibrary Loan)
Key Person: Frank Joseph Shulman, Curator and Head
Brief Description of Organization: An academic and
research library of publications in Chinese, Japanese and
108
Libraries
Korean ("East Asia Collection") combined with a unique,
very extensive collection of Japanese-language publica-
tions from the years 1945-1949 ("Gordon W. Prange
Collection"). The collections are particularly strong in the
areas of East Asian history, economics, education, lan-
guage and literature, society, and government and politics.
The Prange Collection, a part of the East Asia Collection,
contains very extensive, rare and unique holdings of
Japanese-language publications from the years 1945-1949,
in particular (1) materials censored by the General Head-
quarters of the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers;
(2) over 13,000 periodical titles; (3) books, monographs
and booklets (over 60,000 volumes); (4) over 17,000 news-
paper titles; and (5) related English-language materials. It
is an almost complete collection of items published during
the first half of the Occupation period. These materials are
under various types of bibliographic control.
Number of Staff:
5
(Related to Japan)
3
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Humanities and Social Sciences
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
39,753
(in English)
600
Japanese Periodicals
343
Publications: Published catalogues of portions of the
Prange Collection, and various handouts about the East
Asia and Prange Collections.
Hours: 8:00 a.m.-6:00 p.m., Monday through Friday
Asian Studies Newsletter Archives
East Asia Collection, McKeldin Library
College Park, Maryland 20742-7011
Tel: (301) 454-2819
Key Person: Frank Joseph Shulman, Director
Brief Description of Organization: The Archives seeks to
create a centralized collection of newsletter-type publica-
tions dealing in whole or in part with Asia, to preserve
these same materials for long-term scholarly use, and to
create a bibliographical data base for these unusual publi-
cations. The holdings are believed to constitute the single
largest collection of its kind anywhere. Current holdings
exceed 1,100 titles.
Number of Staff:
1
Specific Activities related to Japan: Among the academic
and cultural newsletters and association bulletins are more
than 150 titles dealing exclusively with Japan and over 200
additional titles dealing in part with Japan.
Hours: Open to the public by appointment.
109
The University of Michigan
Asia Library
University Library
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1205
Tel: (313) 764-0406
Fax: (313) 936-3630
Key Person: Yasuko Matsudo, Curator
Brief Description of Organization: The Asia Library is
known for its collections on Japanese history, social
sciences, economics, sociology, language and statistical
source materials. Also microfilm and other resources
include Asian Art Archives, the Japanese Art Slide Collec-
tion, prehistoric artifacts in the Museum of Anthropology,
works of art in the Museum of Art, recordings and tran-
scriptions in the School of Music Library, and rare Japa-
nese instruments in the Stearns Collection.
Number of Staff:
14
(Related to Japan)
4
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
207,262 vols*
Japanese Periodicals
1,207 titles*
*As of June 30, 1988.
Hours: 8 a.m.-midnight, Monday-Thursday; 8 a.m.-10 p.m.
Friday; 10 a.m.-6 p.m. Saturday; 1 p.m.-midnight Sunday.
University of Minnesota
East Asian Library
S-75 Wilson Library
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
Tel: (612) 624-0091
Key Person: Frank Immler, Head, Collections Division
Brief Description of Organization: Established in 1965, the
East Asian Library has grown steadily. Today the library
has more than 90,000 Chinese and Japanese materials.
Humanities and social sciences.
Number of Staff:
3
(Related to Japan)
1
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
30,000
Japanese Periodicals
138
Hours: Monday-Friday 9 a.m.-5 p.m.
110
Libraries
The New York Public Library
Research Libraries-The Oriental Division
5th Avenue and 42nd Street
New York, New York 10018
Tel: (212) 930-0721/930-0716
Fax: (212) 921-2546
Key Personnel: Dr. John M. Lundquist, Chief Librarian of
the Oriental Division (The Susan and Douglas Dillion),
Ms. Chung-soo Kim, East Asia Section Head
Brief Description of Organization: This Library is one of
the five major libraries in the world. Research/Reference
Collection is within the New York Public Library. Research
Libraries contains extensive collections relating to Japanese
business and economics in the Economics and Public
Affairs Division, Japanese scientific books and journals in
the Science and Technology Research Center. Japanese Art
in the Art Division and Spencer Collection (Scrolls and
Prints), and materials relating to the Performing Arts in the
Performing Arts Research Center at Lincoln Center.
Research/Reference collection of books, journals, music
scores, microforms, newspapers, art works, CD Rom
products relating to business. The Research Library is a
private non-profit corporation open to the public. No
library card is needed except for rare materials. However,
the collection is research and reference only-no lending of
materials.
Number of Staff:
18
(Related to Japan)
4
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Humanities (language, literature, philosophy, religion,
archaeology, history, folklore, art), science, business, eco-
nomics, martial arts, maps, general reference works,
music, dance, government documents, patents (the major
collection of Japanese patents outside of Japan), many
directories, and telephone books for all major cities, and
capital of each prefecture.
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
40,000
(in English)
160,000
Japanese Periodicals
300
Hours: Monday through Saturday 10 a.m.-6 p.m. Except
Tuesday 10 a.m.-9 p.m. and Thursday the Oriental Division
is closed. Sunday the entire Library is closed.
111
Northwestern University
1935 Sheridan Road
Evanston, Illinois 60208
Tel: (708) 491-7656
Fax: (708) 491-5685
Key Person: Michael Radnok, Executive Director
Brief Description of Organization: The Collection covers
all aspects of Japanese culture and society with an empha-
sis on politics, economics and history. The Japanese lan-
guage materials were obtained from the 1920's through the
1950's, but since then few have been added; current acqui-
sitions are primarily in English language.
Number of Staff:
9
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
approx. 11,000
(in English)
no count available
Hours: 8:30 a.m.-5:00 p.m. Monday through Friday
Oglethorpe University
4484 Peachtree Road, NE
Atlanta, Georgia 30319-2797
Tel: (404) 261-1441 ext. 420
Fax: (404) 262-9812
Key Person: John Ryland, Director
Number of Staff:
8
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Japanese history, foreign relations, political studies, social
life, economic conditions, description and travel, Japanese
language and literature, religion, Japanese-Americans, etc.
Oglethorpe University plans to offer occasional studies in
Oriental history and culture.
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
18
(in English)
750
Japanese Periodicals
10
Hours: 8:00 a.m.-11:00 p.m. Monday through Thursday;
8:00 a.m.-4:30 p.m. Friday; 1:00 p.m.-5:00 p.m. Saturday;
2:00 p.m.-11:00 p.m. Sunday.
112
Libraries
The Ohio State University
Japanese Studies Section
1858 Neil Ave. Mall
Columbus, Ohio 43220-1286
Tel: (614) 292-3502
Fax: (614) 292-7859
Key Person: Maureen H. Donovan, Japanese Studies
Librarian
Brief Description of Organization: The Library's special
features include the collections of Japanese-language works
on Okinawa (Leon K. Walters Collection), modern Japan-
ese literature, Japanese government white papers, the
history of science and medicine in Japan, and Japanese
company histories. Ongoing collection development
focuses on the fields of general reference, philosophy and
religion, history and geography, linguistics and literature,
political science, sociology, economics, and art history.
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
48,000
Japanese Periodicals
365
Hours: Monday-Friday 7:45 a.m.-midnight; Saturday
8 a.m.-midnight; Sunday 11 a.m.-
University of Oregon
Orientalia Collection
University Library
Eugene, Oregon 97403
Tel: (503) 646-3096
Key Personnel: Robert Felsing, Orientalia Bibliographer;
Sharon Domier, Japanese Cataloger
Brief Description of Organization: The Collection has
relatively strong collections on Buddhism, modern history,
literature from 1868 and works by female authors.
Presently elaborating social sciences area.
Number of Staff:
(Related to Japan)
3
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
36,000
(in English)
8,000
Japanese Periodicals
148
Hours: 8 a.m.-11 p.m. Monday-Thursday; 8 a.m.-6 p.m.
Friday; 9 a.m.-5 p.m. Saturday; noon-11 p.m. Sunday
113
University of Pennsylvania
The Charles Van Pelt Library
3400 Walnut Street
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
Tel: (215) 898-7566
Key Person: Alban Kojima, Japanese Bibliographer
Specialist
Brief Description of Organization: The Library's collec-
tion on history, language, and literature are particularly
strong; and it has a special collection of medieval Japanese
literature. Presently additions are being made to the
materials offered on Buddhism.
Number of Staff:
3
(Related to Japan)
1
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
30,000
Japanese Periodicals
75
Hours: 8:45 a.m.-midnight Monday thru Friday; 10:00 a.m.-
6:00 p.m. Saturday; Noon-midnight Sunday
University of Pittsburgh
East Asian Library
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260
Tel: (412) 648-8185
Key Person: Dr. Thomas C. Kuo, Curator
Brief Description of Organization: This East Asian
Library was established in 1965 and includes Chinese, Jap-
anese, and Korean works. Currently, it has 150,000
volumes of books, 1,600 titles of periodicals, and some
3,000 reels of microfilms.
Number of Staff:
8
(Related to Japan)
2
Specific Activities related to Japan: There are some 15
faculty members related to Japanese Studies Program at the
University. The Japan Council is the organization handling
the policy of Japanese Studies.
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
28,000
(in English)
2,000
Japanese Periodicals
300
Publications: University Center for International Studies
publishes a Newsletter and some related pamphlets.
Hours: 9 a.m.-noon, 1 p.m.-5 p.m., Monday through Friday;
1 p.m.-5 p.m. Saturday; noon-10 p.m., Sunday
114
Libraries
Princeton University
Gest Oriental Library & East Asian Collections
317 Palmer Hall, Princeton University
Princeton, New Jersey 08544
Tel: (609) 258-3182
Fax: (609) 258-4105
Key Person: Soowon Kim, Japanese/Korean Bibliographer
Brief Description of Organization: The particular strength lies
in the collections of source materials for the study of Japa-
nese history, premodern history of Japan and Japanese
literature. Strong holdings in humanities and social
sciences also available.
Number of Staff:
19
(Related to Japan)
5
Specific Activities related to Japan: Collecting local his-
tory on the Kyushu, Shikoku and Okinawa regions as an
on-going project as a member of the Eastern Consortium of
the Japanese collections (Columbia, Harvard, Princeton
and Yale).
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
108,719
(in English)
approx. 5,200
Japanese Periodicals
1,014
Hours: 9 a.m.-11 p.m. Monday through Friday; 10 a.m.-
5 p.m. Saturday; 2 p.m.-11 p.m. Sunday
Quincy College
Brenner Library
1800 College Avenue
Quincy, Illinois 62301
Tel: (217) 222-8020 ext. 345
Fax: (217) 222-8020 ext. 354
Key Person: Rev. Victor Kingery, Library Director; Lily
Wee, Technical Services Librarian
Number of Staff:
7
(Related to Japan)
1
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Books on Japan include most subjects, i.e. literature, his-
tory, art, philosophy, religion, government, language.
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
400
(in English)
3,000
Hours: 8 a.m.-11 p.m. Monday through Thursday; 8 a.m.-
8 p.m. Friday; 11 a.m.-5 p.m. Saturday; 1 p.m.-11 p.m. Sunday
115
University of Rochester
Asia Library
Rochester, New York 14627
Tel: (716) 275-4489
Key Person: Datta S. Kharbas, Head of Asia Library
Number of Staff:
2
(Related to Japan)
1
Specific Activities related to Japan: Approximately eight
courses are offered annually on Japan, including Japanese
history, language and literature.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
History, economics, language, literature and fine arts.
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
12,500
(in English)
9,000
Japanese Periodicals
96
Hours: 9 a.m.-noon, 1 p.m.-5 p.m., Monday through Fri-
day; 1 p.m.-5 p.m., Saturday
Rutgers University
Special Collections and Archives
Alexander Library
New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903
Tel: (201) 932-7006
Fax: (201) 932-6808
Key Person: Ruth J. Simmons, Director of SC/A and
Curator of the Griffis Collection
Brief Description of Organization: These collections are
based on the personal collection of William Elliot Griffis
(1843-1928), who taught Meiji youths in Japan and wrote
on Japan for the West. The collections consist of 70 feet of
correspondence, diaries, research notes, drafts of books
and articles, and photographs and other pictorial materials,
maps, newspaper clippings and other items relating to
Japan, China and Korea. The collections are particularly
strong on the experience and views of foreign employees in
Japan. Also included are the official journals of the U.S.
Expedition to Japan (1852-54) under Commodore Perry.
Additionally, there are some 460 books from the Griffis
library mostly relating to Japan.
Work with the Zimmerli Art Museum and the Center for
the Study of Japanism at Rutgers. In 1989-90 had two exhi-
bitions of Griffis materials in Japan. Plan to have exhibi-
tions in Japan from time to time. Also active in Sister
Cities programs between New Brunswick and Japanese
Cities.
116
Libraries
The Collections also contain Margaret Quandril Clark
Griffis (1838-1913) diaries. She joined her brother in Japan
and served 1872-74 as assistant principal and teacher in the
Takehashi girls' high school (Jo-Gakko) in Tokyo.
Rutgers also has an East Asian Library with Japanese
language materials.
Hours: 9 a.m.-5 p.m. Monday-Friday; 11 a.m.-5 p.m.
Saturday during the academic year.
Stanford University
Hoover Institution
East Asian Collection
Lou Henry Hoover Bldg.
Stanford, California 94305
Tel: (415) 725-3435 or 3442
Fax: (415) 723-1687
Key Personnel: Ramon H. Myers, Curator; Emiko
Mashiko Moffitt, Deputy Curator (On Japan)
Brief Description of Organization: The East Asian Collec-
tion is the only Asian language library on the Stanford
campus. It contains Chinese and Japanese language publi-
cations in the social sciences and humanities for all histori-
cal periods.
Number of Staff:
17
(Related to Japan)
6
Specific Activities related to Japan: Acquisitions of Japa-
nese language books, serials and archival materials and
making them available for research use of scholars.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Almost all academic fields of humanities and social
sciences. Especially strong in social sciences with empha-
sis on modern history, social changes, political history and
international relations. Strength in humanities is modern
Japanese literature.
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
approx. 132,000
(in English)
approx. 4,000
Japanese Periodicals
approx. 2,500
Publications: Hoover Institution publishes monographic
titles on Japan occasionally.
Hours: Monday-Friday, 8 a.m.-5 p.m.; Saturday, 9 a.m.-
1 p.m.
117
The University of Texas at Austin
Asian Library Program, The General Libraries
Austin, Texas 78712
Tel: (512) 471-3135
Fax: (512) 471-1790
Key Personnel: Kevin Lin, East Asian Studies Librarian;
Momoko Ito Lopez-Cetro, Library Assistant.
Number of Staff:
4
(Related to Japan)
2
Specific Activities related to Japan: Select, acquire and
process Japanese language materials in humanities and
social sciences to support teaching and research activities
of faculty as well as students.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Language, literature, history, culture, philosophy, religion,
business and economics.
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
approx. 34,500
(in English)
approx. 10,000
Japanese Periodicals
120
Hours: 8 a.m.-midnight, Monday through Friday; 9 a.m.-
midnight, Saturday; noon-midnight, Sunday.
Washington University in St. Louis
East Asian Library
One Brookings Drive
St. Louis, Missouri 63130
Tel: (314) 889-5155
Key Person: Mrs. Sachiko Morrell, East Asian Librarian
Brief Description of Organization: The East Asian Library
is a departmental library under Olin Library System at
Washington University in St. Louis. The Library has excel-
lent collections on language/literature, Buddhism and
intellectual history.
Number of Staff:
2
(Related to Japan)
1
Specific Activities related to Japan: Collect books, serials
and reference tools to support programs offered by the
Asian Studies Department; offer reference services related
to Japan to local communities, students, faculty and visiting
scholars.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Japanese language and literature, history, philosophy and
religion, art history.
118
Libraries
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
42,000 (total in EAL)
(in English)
11,000 (total in Main Lib.)
Japanese Periodicals
350
Publications: Sachiko Morrell, Guide to Library Resources
for Japanese Studies
Hours: 8:30 a.m.-10:00 p.m. Monday through Friday;
1:00 p.m.-6:00 p.m. Saturday and Sunday
University of Washington
East Asia Library
322 Gowen Hall, DO-27
Seattle, Washington 98195
Tel: (206) 543-4490
Fax: (206) 545-8049
Key Person: Teruko Kyuma Chin, Assistant Head/Japan
Librarian
Brief Description of Organization: The Library has excel-
lent collections on history, business, economics, sociology,
language and literature. The Library's Robert Paine Collec-
tion on Japanese Arts merits special attention.
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
101,493
(in English)
approx. 5,500
Japanese Periodicals
1,728
Hours: 8 a.m.-5 p.m. and 7 p.m.-10 p.m., Monday through
Thursday; 8 a.m.-5 p.m., Friday; Noon-4 p.m., Saturday.
Wheaton College
Madeleine Clark Wallace Library
Norton, Massachusetts 02766
Tel: (508) 285-7722 ext. 518
Key Person: Sherrie S. Bergman, Librarian
Brief Description of Organization: The Library used a
Japan Foundation grant to purchase virtually all available
books on Japan in the English language. Approximately
300 volumes on Japanese history and 350 volumes on Japa-
nese literature. The total number, however, is unknown
since many books on Japan are classified by other subjects.
The Wallace Library continues to collect books, periodicals
and audiovisual materials related to Japan.
Number of Staff:
22
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Art, economics, history, literature, language, political
science, sociology, theater.
Japanese Periodicals 33
119
Hours: 8:30 a.m.-midnight, Monday through Thursday;
8:30 a.m.-10:00 p.m., Friday; 9:00 a.m.-10:00 p.m., Satur-
day; 10:30 a.m.-midnight, Sunday.
University of Wisconsin, Madison
East Asian Collection
University Library
728 State Street
Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1494
Tel: (608) 262-0344
Key Person: Chester Wang, East Asian Bibliographer
Brief Description of Organization: The Collection's hold-
ings on Japanese history, language and literature, and Japa-
nese Buddhism are excellent.
Number of Staff:
300
(Related to Japan)
3
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
50,000
Japanese Periodicals
300
Hours: 8 a.m.-midnight, Monday through Friday; 10 a.m.-
10 p.m., Saturday and Sunday.
Yale University
East Asian Collection
120 High Street
New Haven, Connecticut 06520
Tel: (203) 432-1790
Key Person: Hideo Kaneko, Curator
Brief Description of Organization: The Collection is
known for its holdings on humanities and social sciences,
particularly history, economics, sociology, language and
literature.
Number of Staff:
17
(Related to Japan)
6
Specific Activities related to Japan: Acquisition of Library
materials related to Japan and providing reference service
related to Japan and Japanese materials.
Collection
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
170,000
(in English)
count not avail.
Japanese Periodicals
1,200
Hours: 8:30 a.m.-10:00 p.m., Monday through Thursday;
8:30 a.m.-5:00 p.m., Friday; 10:00 a.m.-5:00 p.m., Satur-
day; 1:00 p.m.-10:00 p.m., Sunday.
120
Museums
Arthur M. Sackler Gallery
Smithsonian Institution
1050 Independence Ave., SW
Washington, D.C. 20560
Tel: (202) 357-4880
Fax: (202) 357-4911
Key Personnel: Milo C. Beach, Director; Ann Yonemura,
Assistant Curator of Japanese Art
Brief Description of Organization: Museum specializing
in research, exhibition and education on the arts of Asia
from Neolithic times to the present. Exhibitions feature
permanent collection and loan exhibitions.
Number of Staff:
120*
(Related to Japan) 3 exclusively
Specific Activities related to Japan: Exhibition, research,
publications, lectures, films, public programs
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Japanese painting, sculpture, ceramics, lacquer, calligra-
phy, prints
Reference Library*
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
12,000 (expanding)
(in English)
12,000 (expanding)
Japanese Periodicals
1,000
Publications: Asian Art (quarterly), Calendar (bimonthly)
Subscription Price: (Asian Art/indiv US/$35 Outside
US/$45; institutions US/$55 Outside US/$65. Write to:
Oxford University Press 2001 Evans Rd.; Cary, North
Carolina 27513)
*Staff and library serve both Sackler Gallery and Freer
Gallery of Art
Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
Dept. of Japanese Art
Golden Gate Park
San Francisco, California 94118
Tel: (415) 668-8921
Fax: (415) 668-8928
Key Person: Yoshiki Kakudo, Curator of Japanese Art
Brief Description of Organization: San Francisco Munici-
pal Museum for Asian Art with a 12,000 piece collection
covering nations and cultures of all areas of Asia. Core col-
lection, the Avery Brundage Collection, to which the
museum was built, was given in 1960.
121
Museums
Number of Staff:
42
(Related to Japan)
2
Specific Activities related to Japan: Exhibitions (perma-
nent and special), acquisition, education programs; publi-
cations and conservation.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Japanese art in general except for the contemporary period.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
A few thousand
(in English)
A few thousand
Japanese Periodicals
10
The Children's Museum
The Japan Program
300 Congress Street
Boston, Massachusetts 02210
Tel: (617) 426-6500 ext. 202
Fax: (617) 426-1944
Key Person: Leslie Bedford, Director
Brief Description of Organization: The Japan Program is
one of six major program areas in the Children's Museum.
The Program has been teaching the public about Japan
since 1914. In 1980 it installed the Kyo no Machiya, an
authentic artisan's house from Kyoto with adjoining garden
and street.
Number of Staff:
200
(Related to Japan)
4
Specific Activities related to Japan: Annual celebrations of
Japanese New Year and other special events; Teachers'
workshops, orientation programs; kit rentals and other cur-
riculum, new exhibits. The permanent Japanese collection
is available to the public at specified times.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
The Program's collection of reference works for school
teachers, children's books and books on Japanese architec-
ture is excellent. The Japanese Reading Room makes
books, periodicals, tapes and other resources on Japan
available to visitors. Books are purchased by the Japanese
Program staff.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
90
(in English)
700
Japanese Periodicals
various
Publications: Japanese Activity Sheets and other related
materials sold at Museum shop
Hours: 10 am-5pm Tuesday through Sunday; 10 am-9 pm
Friday; The Study Storage is opening on Wednesday and
Thursday 2 pm-4 pm
122
Museums
Freer Gallery of Art
Smithsonian Institution
Jefferson Drive at 12th Street S.W.
Washington, D.C. 20560
THE FREER IS CLOSED UNTIL LATE 1992
Tel: (202) 357-4880
Fax: (202) 357-4911
Key Personnel: Milo C. Beach, Director; Ann Yonemura,
Assistant Curator of Japanese Art
Brief Description of Organization: Museum specializing
in research, exhibition and education on the arts of Asia.
Exhibitions feature world-renowned permanent collection.
Specific Activities related to Japan: Exhibition, research,
publications, lectures, films, public programs
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Japanese painting, sculpture, ceramics, lacquer, calligra-
phy, prints.
Publications: Exhibition catalogues
Los Angeles County Museum of Art
Far Eastern Art
5905 Wilshire Blvd.
Los Angeles, California 90036
Tel: (213) 857-6029, Japanese: 857-6565
Fax: (213) 931-7347
Key Personnel: George Kuwayama, Senior Curator; Robert
Singer, Curator of Japanese Art
Brief Description of Organization: Department split into
two major areas: Chinese and Korean art supervised by
George Kuwayama; Japanese Art supervised by Robert
Singer
Number of Staff:
5
(Related to Japan)
2
Number of Members: 160 (Far Eastern Art Council)
Specific Activities related to Japan: Pavilion for Japanese
Art: permanent installation of Japanese objects, rotating
displays of Japanese paintings, prints, netsuke and textiles.
Far Eastern Art Council members hear three or four lec-
tures per year relating to Japanese Art. In December each
year Michele Burton Memorial Lecture Series lecture on
Japanese Art. Occasional temporary exhibits.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Pavilion for Japanese Art book shop has a complete selec-
tion of books in print on Japanese Art, including a catalog
of masterpieces from the Shin'enkan Collection. Curatorial
offices have some information on collection pieces availa-
ble on request. Photo Services division has photos of works
in the collection.
123
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
approx. 1,000
(in English)
approx. 2,000
Japanese Periodicals
approx. 600
Metropolitan Museum of Art
1000 Fifth Ave. (at 82nd St.)
New York, New York 10028
Tel: (212) 879-5500
Fax: (212) 570-3879
Key Personnel: Barbara Brennan Ford, Associate Curator
of Japanese Art; Hiroshi Onishi, Research Curator
Brief Description of Organization: Art museum with spe-
cial galleries for a comprehensive exhibition of Japanese
art, including an authentic shoin room.
Number of Staff:
2,602
(Related to Japan)
6
Number of Members: 107,000
Specific Activities related to Japan: Periodic exhibitions
focusing on themes in Japanese art; demonstrations of
chanoyu, shodo, koto playing and ikebana on Wednesdays
at 11:15 a.m. from October through June; Japanese lan-
guage highlights tours of the museum's collections, and an
English language tour of the Japanese galleries weekdays at
2:15 from October through May. Gallery talks and lectures
by staff and visiting scholars at times, listed in the
calendar/news.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
1,500
(in English)
2,000
Japanese Periodicals
various
Publications: The Peggy and Roger Gerry Collection at
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Bulletin of The
Metropolitan Museum of Art-The Japanese Galleries
(Spring, 1987)
Oregon Art Institute
1219 S.W. Park
Portland, Oregon 97205
Tel: (503) 226-2811
Fax: (503) 226-4842
Key Person: Donald Jenkins, Curator of Asian Art
Brief Description of Organization: The Institute includes
an art museum, an art college, and a film and video center.
Number of Staff:
110
(Related to Japan)
3
Number of Members: 7,500
124
Museums
Specific Activities related to Japan: Exhibitions of Japa-
nese art-both temporary special exhibitions and regular
displays from the collection. Active lecture programs
aimed at the general public. Library information services.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Japanese art-especially woodblock prints (ukiyo e) paint-
ings and folk arts (mingei)
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
180
(in English)
720*
*and European Languages
Publications: Exhibition catalogues
Peabody Museum of Salem
Ethnology Department
East India Square
Salem, Massachusetts 01970
Tel: (508) 745-1876
Fax: (508) 744-6776
Key Person: Susan Bean, Chief Curator
Brief Description of Organization: Museum founded in
1799 by the East India Marine Society. Collections: Mari-
time History; Ethnology and Archaeology of non-European
peoples; Asian Export Art; Natural History of Essex
County, Mass.
Number of Staff:
45
(Related to Japan)
5
Number of Members: 3,650
Specific Activities related to Japan: The Museum has à
Collection of some 30,000 Japanese objects, mostly ordi-
nary objects from everyday living in the periods Bakumatsu
through Meij (1854-1912). Japan related activities tend to
cluster around the exhibition, loan or study of these ethno-
graphic materials.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
The nucleus of its Collection was gathered by Edward S.
Morse, author of "Japanese Homes and Their Surround-
ings" and "Japan Day by Day." Shogakukan Publishing of
Tokyo has printed two books on the Collection (Japanese
with a little English)-Japan 100 Years Ago" based on this
museum's photo archive, and "Japan Through The Eyes Of
E. S. Morse" which includes color photographs of many
objects from the Collection.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
over 300
(in English)
over 1,200
Japanese Periodicals
6
125
Publications: Peabody Museum Collection of Japanese
Sword Guards Books; Japan Day By Day; Netsuke, The
Collection of the Peabody Museum
Hours: 10:00 a.m.-4:30 p.m. Monday-Friday.
Philadelphia Museum of Art
Far Eastern Art Department
Box 7646
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19101-7646
Tel: (215) 763-8100
Fax: (215) 236-4465
Key Personnel: Robert Montgomery Scott, President; Ann
d'Harnoncourt, Director
Brief Description of Organization: Museum containing
fine arts from Europe, U.S.A., Near East and Asia.
Number of Staff:
420
(Related to Japan)
3
Number of Members: 26,868
Specific Activities related to Japan: Changing exhibitions;
guided tours; lecture series; symposia related to the art col-
lection; film series; research projects; consultations with
scholars, locally and in Japan; curatorial travel; acquisition
of Japanese art; loans of artworks to Japanese museums.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
Art Collection. The collection includes 2 architectural
installations (temple and tea house), 150 paintings (scrolls
and screens), 300 ceramics, 200 textiles, 50 pieces of lac-
querware, 250 swords, 30 sculptures and 4,000 prints.
Library.
Reference Library
No. of Volumes
Books (in Japanese)
200 monographs/4 serials
(in English)
500 monographs/5 serials
Japanese Periodicals
3
Publications: Philadelphia Museum of Art Bulletin, Vari-
ous Exhibition catalogues
Subscription Price: ("Bulletins" cost approximately $5.00;
Exhibition catalogues vary in price.)
Worcester Art Museum
55 Salisbury Street
Worcester, Massachusetts 01609-3196
Tel: (508) 799-4406
Fax: (508) 798-5646
Key Person: Elizabeth de Sabato Swinton, Curator of
Asian Art
126
Museums
Brief Description of Organization: The museum has been
collecting Japanese art since 1901. In 1983 it hired its first
curator of Asian art, a Japanese specialist, Dr. Elizabeth de
Sabato Swinton.
Number of Staff:
130
(Related to Japan)
1
Number of Members: 4200 plus
Specific Activities related to Japan: One permanent gallery
devoted to Japanese art in which textiles and works on
paper are changed quarterly. John Chandler Bancroft Col-
lection of Japanese prints from which major annual exhibi-
tion is held; special exhibitions on Japanese art both
organized by the museum and traveling. Education depart-
ment organizes art history, culture courses and studio
courses related to Japanese art.
Subject areas of Information related to Japan available:
The collection is essentially an Edo period collection of
ukiyo-e paintings and prints, paintings of various schools,
ceramics, lacquer, metalwork etc. In addition the museum
has 2 important Heian Sculptures of high quality (but few
pieces) in various media from all chronological periods
from Jomon to the present day.
Publications: Worcester Art Museum Journal (annual), In
Battle's Light: Woodblock Prints of Japan's Early Modern
Wars Exhibition catalog (available Jan. 1991)
127
Alphabetical Index
American Committee for KEEP, Inc., The
35
American Enterprise Institute for
Public Policy Research
87
Arizona, The University of
East Asian Studies Division
51
Oriental Studies Collection
97
Arthur M. Sackler Gallery
121
Asia Society, The 35
Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
121
Associated Japan-America Societies of
the United States, Inc.
32
Association for Asian Studies
87
Association of Teachers of Japanese, The
36
Atlantic Council of the United States, The (ACUS)
88
Balch Institute for Ethnic Studies Library
97
Brigham Young University
51
Brookings Institution, The
88
Bucknell University
Center for Japanese Studies
52
Ellen Clark Bertrand Library
98
California State University, Long Beach
Dept. of Asian and Asian American Studies
53
California State University, Los Angeles
Dept. of Foreign Languages and Literature
53
California, University of, at Berkeley
Center for Japanese Studies 54
Japanese Division, East Asiatic Library
98
California, University of, Los Angeles
East Asian Languages & Cultures
55
Richard C. Rudolph Oriental Library
99
California, University of, San Diego 56
California, University of, Santa Barbara
Oriental Collection, University Library
100
California, University of Southern,
57
Carleton College 58
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
89
Center for Strategic and International Studies
90
Chicago Council on Foreign Relations, The
90
Chicago, University of
Center for East Asian Studies
58
East Asian Library
100
Children's Museum, The
122
Cleveland Public Library
101
Colorado, University of, at Boulder
60
129
Columbia University
C.V. Starr East Asian Library 101
Center for Japanese Legal Studies 60
Department of East Asian Languages and Cultures
62
East Asian Institute 61
Congressional Research Service
15
Consulate General of Japan, Anchorage
7
Consulate General of Japan, Atlanta 7
Consulate General of Japan, Boston 7
Consulate General of Japan, Chicago
7
Consulate General of Japan, Guam 7
Consulate General of Japan, Honolulu
7
Consulate General of Japan, Houston
7
Consulate General of Japan, Kansas City
7
Consulate General of Japan, Los Angeles
8
Consulate General of Japan, New Orleans
8
Consulate General of Japan, New York
8
Consulate General of Japan, Portland
8
Consulate General of Japan, San Francisco
8
Consulate General of Japan, Seattle
8
Consulates General of Japan 7,8
Cornell University
East Asia Program 62
Wason Collection on East Asia 102
Council on Foreign Relations 91
Council on International Educational Exchange
37
Department of Agriculture
11
Department of Commerce
11
Department of Defense 12
Department of Education
12
Department of Labor
12
Department of State
12
Department of Transportation
13
Department of the Treasury
13
Duke University 63
Earlham College
64
East-West Center 92
Embassy of Japan 7
Environmental Protection Agency
13
Five College Center for East Asian Studies
65
Florida State University 65
Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS)
11
Fort Lee Public Library 102
Freer Gallery of Art 123
Global Economic Action Institute 37
Greater Detroit and Windsor Japan-America Society
25
130
Alphabetical Index
Harvard University
Edwin O. Reischauer Institute for
Japanese Studies 66
Harvard-Yenching Library 103
Hawaii, University of, at Manoa
School of Hawaiian, Asian & Pacific Studies
67
East Asia Collection, Thomas Hale
Hamilton Library 104
Heritage Foundation, The 92
Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace
93
Hudson Institute 94
Illinois, University of
Center for East Asian & Pacific Studies
69
Japanese Section of the Asian Library 104
Indiana University
East Asian Languages and Cultures
69
East Asian Collection 105
Lilly Library 105
Information Centers of Japanese Government
8, 9
Institute for Medieval Japanese Studies
94
International Trade Commission (ITC)
14
Iowa, The University of
Center for Asian & Pacific Studies
70
Japan Collection 106
Japan-America Society of Alabama, The
23
Japan America Society of Austin, Inc.
23
Japan-America Society of Central Florida, Inc., The
25
Japan America Society of Chicago, Inc.
24
Japan America Society of Colorado 25
Japan-America Society of Georgia, The
25
Japan-America Society of Honolulu
26
Japan America Society of Houston, Inc.
26
Japan America Society of Indiana, Inc.
27
Japan America Society of Kentucky 27
Japan America Society of Maine 28
Japan America Society of Minnesota 28
Japan America Society of New Hampshire, The 28
Japan America Society of Oregon 29
Japan America Society of Pennsylvania
29
Japan America Society of Phoenix 29
Japan-America Society of Rhode Island
30
Japan America Society of St. Louis, Inc.
30
Japan America Society of San Antonio 30
Japan America Society of Southern California 24
Japan America Society of Tucson 31
Japan America Society of Tulsa, The 31
Japan-America Society of Vermont, The
31
Japan-America Society of Washington,
D.C., Inc., The 31
131
Japan-America Society of the State of Washington 32
Japan-America Student Conference, Inc., The
(JASC) 40
Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association, Inc.
(JAMA) 21
Japan Business Association of Southern California
(JBA) 41
Japan Center of Tennessee, The 41
Japan Development Bank, The 9
Japan Economic Institute of America 95
Japan Electronics Bureau 21
Japan Foundation, Inc. 42
Japan Information and Cultural Center 9
Japan Information Center, New York
9
Japan Information Service, Chicago 9
Japan Information Service, San Francisco 9
Japan International Christian University Foundation
43
Japan Iron & Steel Exporters' Association 22
Japan Productivity Center 43
Japan Societies 23
Japan Society, Inc. 28
Library 106
Japan Society of Boston 23
Japan Society of Florida, South 25
Japan Society of Northern California 24
Japanese American Citizens League 38
Japanese American Cultural and Community Center 39
Japanese American Social Services, Inc. (JASSI)
40
Japanese American Society for Legal Studies 95
Japanese Chamber of Commerce, Honolulu 19
Japanese Chamber of Commerce and Industry of New
York, Inc. 19
Japanese Chamber of Commerce and Industry of
Chicago 19
Japanese Chamber of Commerce, Atlanta 19
Japanese Chamber of Commerce of Northern
California 19
Japanese Chamber of Commerce of Southern
California 19
Japanese Chambers of Commerce 19
Japanese Government Organizations 7
Japanese Industry Associations 21
Japan-United States Friendship Commission
15
Japan-Virginia Society, The 31
JETRO, Atlanta 18
JETRO, Chicago 17
JETRO, Denver 18
JETRO, Houston 17
JETRO, Los Angeles 17
JETRO, New York 17
132
Alphabetical Index
JETRO Offices 17
JETRO, San Francisco
17
John F. Kennedy Library 107
Johns Hopkins University, The
The School of Advanced International Studies
(SAIS) 68
Kansas, The University of
Center for East Asian Studies
71
East Asian Library 107
Libraries 97
Library of Congress
15
Los Angeles County Museum of Art
123
Los Angeles Public Library 107
Macalester College 71
MacArthur Memorial Archives/Library
108
Manufactured Imports Promotion Organization
44
Maryland, University of
East Asia and Gordon W. Prange Collections
108
Asian Studies Newsletter Archives
109
Massachusetts, University of
72
Metropolitan Museum of Art
124
Michigan, The University of
Center for Japanese Studies
73
East Asian Business Program
74
Asia Library 110
Minnesota, University of
Department of East Asian Studies
75
East Asian Library 110
Museums 121
National Research Council, Office of Japan Affairs
44
National Science Foundation
14
New York Public Library, The
111
New York University 75
Nippon Club, The 45
Nonprofit Organizations 35
Northwestern University Library
112
Office of Technology Assessment
16
Office of the United States Trade Representative
(USTR) 13
Oglethorpe University Library
112
Ohio State University, The
Institute for Japanese Studies
76
Japanese Studies Section
113
Oklahoma, University of 77
Oregon Art Institute
124
133
Oregon, University of
Center for Asian & Pacific Studies
77
Orientalia Collection
113
Pacific and Asian Affairs Council
46
Pacific, The University of the
78
Peabody Museum of Salem
125
Pennsylvania, University of
Dept. of Oriential Studies
79
The Charles Van Pelt Library
114
Permanent Mission of Japan to the United Nations
8
Philadelphia Museum of Art
126
Pittsburgh, University of
Center for International Studies
80
East Asian Library 114
Princeton University
Dept. of East Asian Studies
80
Gest Oriental Library & East Asian Collections
115
Quincy College, Brenner Library
115
Research Institutions 87
Rochester, University of 116
Rutgers University, Special Collections and Archives
116
Salem-Teikyo University
81
Seton Hall University
82
St. John's University
81
Stanford University
Center for East Asian Studies
83
Hoover Institution 117
Texas, The University of, at Austin
Center for Asian Studies 83
Asian Library Program, The General Libraries
118
U.S.-Asia Institute 46
U.S. Government Organizations
11
U.S.-Japan Cultural Center, The
47
United States Information Agency (USIA)
14
United States-Japan Foundation
47
U.S.-Japan Institute 48
University of Arizona, The
East Asian Studies Division
51
Oriental Studies Collection 97
University of California at Berkeley
Center for Japanese Studies 54
Japanese Division, East Asiatic Library
98
University of California, Los Angeles
East Asian Languages & Cultures
55
Richard C. Rudolph Oriental Library
99
134
Alphabetical Index
University of California, San Diego 56
University of California, Santa Barbara
Oriental Collection, University Library 100
University of Chicago
Center for East Asian Studies 58
East Asian Library 100
University of Colorado at Boulder 60
University of Hawaii at Manoa
School of Hawaiian, Asian & Pacific Studies
67
Thomas Hale Hamilton Library 104
University of Illinois
Center for East Asian & Pacific Studies
69
Japanese Section of the Asian Library 104
University of Iowa, The
Center for Asian & Pacific Studies 70
Japan Collection 106
University of Kansas, The
Center for East Asian Studies 71
East Asian Library 107
University of Maryland
East Asia and Gordon W. Prange Collections 108
Asian Studies Newsletter Archives 109
University of Massachusetts 72
University of Michigan, The
Center for Japanese Studies 73
East Asian Business Program 74
Asia Library 110
University of Minnesota
Department of East Asian Studies 75
East Asian Library 110
University of Oklahoma 77
University of Oregon
Center for Asian & Pacific Studies 77
Orientalia Collection 113
University of Pacific, The 78
University of Pennsylvania
Dept. of Oriental Studies 79
The Charles Van Pelt Library 114
University of Pittsburgh
Center for International Studies 80
East Asian Library
114
University of Rochester 116
University of Southern California 57
University of Texas at Austin, The
Center for Asian Studies 83
Asian Library Program, The General Libraries
118
University of Washington
Jackson School of International Studies
85
East Asian Collection 120
135
University of Wisconsin, Madison
East Asian Collection
120
University Programs
51
Washington University in St. Louis
Asian & Near Eastern Languages & Literature
84
East Asian Library
118
Washington, University of
Jackson School of International Studies
85
East Asia Library 119
Wheaton College,
Madeleine Clark Wallace Library
119
Wisconsin, University of, Madison
East Asian Collection 120
Woodrow Wilson International Center
For Scholars 96
Worcester Art Museum
126
Yale University
Council on East Asian Studies
85
East Asian Collection 120
136
Geographical Index
ALABAMA
Japan-America Society of Alabama, The
23
ALASKA
Consulate General of Japan, Anchorage
7
ARIZONA
Japan America Society of Phoenix
29
Japan America Society of Tucson
31
University of Arizona, The
East Asian Studies Division
51
Oriental Studies Collection
97
CALIFORNIA
Asian Art Museum of San Francisco
121
California State University, Long Beach
Dept. of Asian and Asian American Studies
53
California State University, Los Angeles
Dept. of Foreign Languages and Literature
53
Consulate General of Japan, Los Angeles
8
Consulate General of Japan, San Francisco
8
Hoover Institution on War, Revolution and Peace
93
Japan America Society of Southern California
24
Japan Business Association of Southern California
(JBA) 41
Japan Foundation, Inc.
42
Japan Information Service, San Francisco
9
Japan Society of Northern California
24
Japanese American Citizens League 38
Japanese American Cultural and Community Center
39
Japanese Chamber of Commerce of Southern
California 19
Japanese Chamber of Commerce of Northern
California 19
JETRO, Los Angeles
17
JETRO, San Francisco
17
Los Angeles County Museum of Art
123
Los Angeles Public Library 107
Stanford University
Center for East Asian Studies
83
Hoover Institution 117
University of California at Berkeley
Center for Japanese Studies 54
Japanese Division, East Asiatic Library
98
University of California, Los Angeles
East Asian Languages & Cultures
55
Richard C. Rudolph Oriental Library
99
137
University of California, San Diego 56
University of California, Santa Barbara
Oriental Collection, University Library
100
University of Pacific, The 78
University of Southern California 57
COLORADO
Japan America Society of Colorado
25
JETRO, Denver 18
University of Colorado at Boulder
60
CONNECTICUT
Yale University
Council on East Asian Studies 85
East Asian Collection 120
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy
Research 87
Arthur M. Sackler Gallery 121
Atlantic Council of the United States, The (ACUS)
88
Brookings Institution, The 88
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
89
Center for Strategic and International Studies 90
Congressional Research Service 15
Department of Agriculture 11
Department of Commerce 11
Department of Defense 12
Department of Education 12
Department of Labor 12
Department of State
12
Department of Transportation
13
Department of the Treasury
13
Embassy of Japan 7
Environmental Protection Agency
13
Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS)
11
Freer Gallery of Art 123
Global Economic Action Institute 37
Heritage Foundation, The 92
International Trade Commission (ITC) 14
Japan-America Society of Washington, D.C., Inc.,
The 31
Japan-America Student Conference, Inc., The
(JASC) 40
Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association, Inc.
(JAMA) 21
Japan Economic Institute of America
95
Japan Information and Cultural Center 9
Japan Iron & Steel Exporters' Association 22
Japan-United States Friendship Commission
15
138
Geographical Index
Johns Hopkins University, The
The School of Advanced International Studies
(SAIS) 68
Library of Congress 15
Manufactured Imports Promotion Organization 44
National Research Council, Office of Japan Affairs 44
National Science Foundation 14
Office of Technology Assessment 16
Office of the United States Trade Representative
(USTR) 13
U.S.-Asia Institute 46
U.S.-Japan Cultural Center, The 47
United States Information Agency (USIA) 14
Woodrow Wilson International Center For Scholars 96
FLORIDA
Florida State University 65
Japan Society of Florida, South 25
Japan-America Society of Central Florida, Inc., The 25
GEORGIA
Consulate General of Japan, Atlanta 7
Japanese Chamber of Commerce, Atlanta 19
Japan-America Society of Georgia, The 25
JETRO, Atlanta 18
Oglethorpe University Library 112
GUAM
Consulate General of Japan, Agana 7
HAWAII
Consulate General of Japan, Honolulu 7
East-West Center 92
Japanese Chamber of Commerce, Honolulu 19
Japan-America Society of Honolulu 26
Pacific and Asian Affairs Council 46
University of Hawaii at Manoa
School of Hawaiian, Asian & Pacific Studies 67
East Asia Collection, Thomas Hale Hamilton
Library 104
ILLINOIS
American Committee for KEEP, Inc., The 35
Chicago Council on Foreign Relations, The 90
Consulate General of Japan, Chicago 7
Japan America Society of Chicago, Inc. 24
Japan Information Service, Chicago
9
Japanese Chamber of Commerce and Industry of
Chicago 19
JETRO, Chicago 17
Northwestern University Library 112
139
Quincy College, Brenner Library
115
University of Chicago
Center for East Asian Studies 58
East Asian Library 100
University of Illinois
Center for East Asian & Pacific Studies
69
Japanese Section of the Asian Library 104
INDIANA
Earlham College 64
Hudson Institute 94
Indiana University
East Asian Languages and Cultures 69
East Asian Collection 105
Lilly Library 105
Japan America Society of Indiana, Inc.
27
IOWA
University of Iowa, The
Center for Asian & Pacific Studies
70
Japan Collection 106
KANSAS
University of Kansas, The
Center for East Asian Studies 71
East Asian Library 107
KENTUCKY
Japan America Society of Kentucky 27
LOUISIANA
Consulate General of Japan, New Orleans
8
MAINE
Japan America Society of Maine
28
MARYLAND
University of Maryland
East Asia and Gordon W. Prange Collections 108
Asian Studies Newsletter Archives 109
MASSACHUSETTS
Children's Museum, The 122
Consulate General of Japan, Boston
7
Five College Center for East Asian Studies
65
Harvard University
Edwin O. Reischauer Institute for Japanese
Studies 66
Harvard-Yenching Library 103
Japan Society of Boston 23
John F. Kennedy Library 107
140
Geographical Index
Peabody Museum of Salem 125
University of Massachusetts 72
Wheaton College,
Madeleine Clark Wallace Library 119
Worcester Art Museum 126
MICHIGAN
Association for Asian Studies 87
Greater-Detroit and Windsor Japan-America Society 25
University of Michigan, The
Center for Japanese Studies 73
East Asian Business Program 74
Asia Library 110
MINNESOTA
Carleton College 58
Japan America Society of Minnesota 28
Macalester College 71
University of Minnesota
Department of East Asian Studies 75
East Asian Library 110
MISSOURI
Consulate General of Japan, Kansas City 7
Japan America Society of St. Louis, Inc. 30
Washington University in St. Louis
Asian & Near Eastern Languages & Literature 84
East Asian Library 118
NEW HAMPSHIRE
Japan America Society of New Hampshire, The 28
NEW JERSEY
Fort Lee Public Library 102
Princeton University
Dept. of East Asian Studies 80
Gest Oriental Library & East Asian Collections 115
Rutgers University, Special Collections and Archives 116
Seton Hall University 82
NEW YORK
Asia Society, The 35
Associated Japan-America Societies of the United States,
Inc. 32
Columbia University
C.V. Starr East Asian Library 101
Center for Japanese Legal Studies 60
Department of East Asian Languages and Cultures 62
East Asian Institute 61
Consulate General of Japan, New York 8
141
Cornell University
East Asia Program 62
Wason Collection on East Asia 102
Council on Foreign Relations 91
Council on International Educational Exchange 37
Global Economic Action Institute 37
Institute for Medieval Japanese Studies
94
Japan Development Bank, The 9
Japan Electronics Bureau 21
Japan Foundation, Inc. 42
Japan Information Center, New York 9
Japan International Christian University Foundation
43
Japan Iron & Steel Exporters' Association 22
Japan Society, Inc. 28
Japan Society Library 106
Japanese American Social Services, Inc. (JASSI) 40
Japanese Chamber of Commerce and Industry of New
York, Inc.
19
JETRO, New York 17
Metropolitan Museum of Art 124
New York Public Library, The 111
New York University 75
Nippon Club, The 45
Permanent Mission of Japan to the United Nations
8
University of Rochester 116
St. John's University 81
United States-Japan Foundation
47
NORTH CAROLINA
Duke University 63
OHIO
Cleveland Public Library 101
Ohio State University, The
Institute for Japanese Studies
76
Japanese Studies Section 113
OKLAHOMA
Japan America Society of Tulsa, The
31
University of Oklahoma 77
OREGON
Consulate General of Japan, Portland
8
Japan America Society of Oregon
29
Oregon Art Institute 124
University of Oregon
Center for Asian & Pacific Studies 77
Orientalia Collection 113
PENNSYLVANIA
Balch Institute for Ethnic Studies Library
97
142
Geographical Index
Bucknell University
Center for Japanese Studies 52
Ellen Clark Bertrand Library 98
Japan America Society of Pennsylvania 29
Philadelphia Museum of Art 126
U.S.-Japan Institute 48
University of Pennsylvania
Dept. of Oriental Studies 79
The Charles Van Pelt Library 114
University of Pittsburgh
Center for International Studies 80
East Asian Library 114
RHODE ISLAND
Japan-America Society of Rhode Island
30
TENNESSEE
Japan Center of Tennessee, The 41
TEXAS
Consulate General of Japan, Houston
7
Japan America Society of Austin, Inc. 23
Japan America Society of Houston, Inc. 26
Japan America Society of San Antonio 30
JETRO, Houston 17
University of Texas at Austin, The
Center for Asian Studies 83
Asian Library Program, The General Libraries 118
UTAH
Brigham Young University 51
VERMONT
Assocation of Teachers of Japanese, The 36
Japan-America Society of Vermont, The 31
VIRGINIA
Japan Productivity Center 43
Japan-Virginia Society, The 31
MacArthur Memorial Archives/Library 108
WASHINGTON
Consulate General of Japan, Seattle 8
Japanese American Society for Legal Studies 95
Japan-American Society of the State of Washington 32
University of Washington
Jackson School of International Studies 85
East Asia Library 119
143
WEST VIRGINIA
Salem-Teikyo University 81
WISCONSIN
University of Wisconsin, Madison
East Asian Collection 120
144
It's easy to find out
more about Japan!
Just have the following Keizai Koho Center publi-
cations sent to your door for a modest yearly or
per-issue fee:
Japan Update
A quarterly publication compiling select articles
from English periodicals published by Japanese
companies, economic and industry organiza-
tions. Price per issue: ¥500 or $2.75.
Economic Eye
A quarterly magazine featuring translations of
important Japanese articles selected by an inde-
pendent panel of leading Japanese economists.
Per issue: ¥500 or US$3.00. One year: ¥2,000
or US$12.00.
KKC Brief
An occasional publication that concisely summa-
rizes the views and activities of the Keidanren
(Japan Federation of Economic Organizations)
and other private Japanese economic organiza-
tions on current, controversial issues. Free.
Japan Periodicals
A guide to English-language business and eco-
nomic periodicals published in Japan that lists
250 periodicals by subject with publisher and
brief description. Per issue: ¥700 or US$5.00.
Japan 1990: An International Comparison
The latest edition of the highly popular statistical
profile of Japan, arranged in a table-and-graph
format. A handy pocket encyclopedia for the
businessman. Per issue: ¥900 or US$7.00.
Send check or money order along with name
and address to: Keizai Koho Center
6-1, Otemachi 1-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100
Tel: 03-201-1415 Telex: 222-5452 ККСТОК J
Fax: 03-201-1418
Table of Contents
Introduction
5
Japanese Government Organizations
7
U.S. Government Organizations
11
JETRO Offices
17
Chambers of Commerce
19
Industry Associations
21
Japan Societies
23
Nonprofit Organizations
35
University Programs
51
Research Institutions
87
Libraries
97
Museums
121
Alphabetical Index
129
Geographical Index
137
¥1,000 (in Japan; ¥970 plus tax ¥30
us $6.5
Printed in U.S./