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Originally Processed With FOIA(s): FOIA Number: S S FOIA MARKER This is not a textual record. This is used as an administrative marker by the George Bush Presidential Library Staff. Record Group/Collection: George H.W. Bush Presidential Records Collection/Office of Origin: Speechwriting, White House Office of Series: Speech File Backup Files Subseries: Chron File, 1989-1993 OA/ID Number: 13804 Folder ID Number: 13804-006 Folder Title: Budget Deadline Research--Deadline Memos 3/20/92 [OA 7570] [1] Stack: Row: Section: Shelf: Position: G 26 22 4 1 FEBRUARY 26, 1992 MEMORANDUM FOR SPEECHWRITERS AND RESEARCHERS FROM DOUG CHIA, RESEARCH INTERN DC RE POTUS AND CONGRESS The POTUS' continuing frustrations with getting legislation through Congress may be caused mostly by the fact that he is forced to play on an unlevel field. Here is an interesting fact: When President George Bush took office in 1989, he became the only elected Republican President in history to start his first term with such a one-sided Democratic Congress. 101st. Congress House: D-259, R-174 (difference= D-85) Senate: D-55, R-45 (difference= D-10) However, President Bush has not faced the most lopsided Democratic Congress of any Republican President at any time during a Presidency. President Gerald Ford had it worse as did President Dwight Eisenhower. 102nd. Congress House: D-267, R-167 (difference= D-100) (Bush) Senate: D-56, R-44 (difference= D-12) 94th. Congress House: D-291, R-144 (difference= D-147) (Ford) Senate: D-60, R-37R (difference= D-23) 86th. Congress House: D-283, R-153 (difference= D-130) (Eisenhower) Senate: D-64, R-34 (difference= D-30) President Eisenhower was in his final term in office when Congress managed to get so lopsided, and you can probably guess why President Ford had to face the biggest differential for any Republican President ever. MEMORANDUM TO: SPEECHWRITERS AND RESEARCHERS FROM: DOUG CHIA, RESEARCH INTERN IC DATE: FEBRUARY 21, 1992 RE: COMPLAINTS ABOUT MARCH 20 DEADLINE MAGIC NUMBER: 28 The Washington Post decided to write my memo today about the cat and mouse games going on over on Capitol Hill in regards to the deadline. See attached article. Meanwhile, we research interns have been busy monitoring Congress' work habits since the SOTU. A calendar for each chamber is attached showing the vital information. Take for example Tuesday, February 11, 1992: The Senate called it a day after a thirty-eight second pro forma session on their ninth day in session since the SOTU. The House topped that performance by clocking-in a forty-seven minute session with no legislative business on their seventh (out of a possible fourteen) day in session since January 28. We will continue updating this calendar until March 20. THE WASHINGTON POST FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 21, 1992 A17 HE FEDERAL PAGE Graphically, Senators Make Their Points Floor Becomes Stage for Assigning Economic Blame, but Many Deplore Lack of Substance By Helen Dewar DEMOCRATS Washington Post Staff Writer On and off for the past couple of weeks, Republicans have dragged a REPUBLICANS large chart onto the Senate floor and Bush ECOROMIC DAYS OF RECESSION deposited it in a convenient spot for Growth Plan BEFORE PRESIDENT BUSH: the television cameras that record the chamber's proceedings. The 1st Time Home Buyer chart shows the number of days- declining by one every day-that Penalty-Free IRA will acknowledged the recession 533 days remain before President Bush's Capital Gains Rate # July 1. 1890 December 18, 1991 March 20 deadline for Congress to act on his economic recovery pro- DAYS Investment Tax Allo provided extended UI benefits 502 days gram. Democrats, never to be outdone July 1, 1880 November 15, 1991 when it comes to charts and cam- eras, have responded with strategic- announced an economic plan 576 days ally located graphics of their own, including one with giant-sized num- Passive Less Hello July 1, 1990 January 28, 1992 bers-far larger than the Republican 20th numbers-to remind viewers how Simplify AMT Der long it had been since the "Bush re- cession" started: 585 days. For Americans who cannot get THE WASHINGTON POST enough of finger-pointing, scapegoat- ing and partisan posturing by poli- Dole (R-Kan.) after introducing the Mich.) expanded on that view. "First themes, Dole arrived on the Senate ticians in Washington, the Senate is president's economic program- Reagan-Bush, and then Bush-Quayle, floor Wednesday, the day after the the place to watch these days. and the countdown-to-deadline has been in office now 11 years," he New Hampshire primary, with a But for those who are fed up with chart-on Feb. 5. "Forty-four days said. "That is over 4,000 days. They new chart twitting the Democrats what they regard as politics-as-usual to make a difference for every man, have had 4,000 days to construct an for the success of Tsongas, who, in Washington-a majority of their woman and child in America-44 economic growth plan for America, opposed the Democrats' proposals constituents, many lawmakers say, more days to decide if Congress will and they have not done it." for middle-income tax cuts. It read: be part of the solution or part of the When the Democrats started roll- "Bob Dole Gift Certificate: To Paul:- pointing to the New Hampshire showings of former senator Paul E. problem," he added. ing out their charts, they noted, Tsongas. One free trip to Washing- Tsongas and commentator Patrick J. "The president says he wants us among other things, that it took 502 ton (all expenses paid). Purpose:- to act within 44 days on this eco- days from the start of the recession Convince fellow Democrats to aban- Buchanan-the scene in recent days for Bush to agree to extended eco- don class warfare strategy; give up will only reinforce their dissatisfac- nomic growth plan," responded nomic benefits and 533 days from its anti-growth, anti-business, anti-con-. tion. start before the president acknowl- sumer agenda." "This is what people back home don't want to hear from us. It really For Americans avid edged that it had started. If voters are not impressed by Others, such as Sen. Pete V. Do- this kind of thing, why do senators does confirm their worst for finger-pointing, menici (R-N.M.), ranking minority keep on doing it? impressions. I think they prob- member of the Budget Committee, No one is really sure. ably just tune out," said Sen. Nancy weighed in with yet another set of "Dole started it" with his count- Landon Kassebaum (R-Kan.). the Senate is the numbers. "Tomorrow, if I am here," down-to-March 20 chart, and "we "It demonstrates the type of con- place to watch these he said the day after Dole kicked off had to respond," said a Democratic duct that people are so antagonistic the rhetorical exchanges, "I will aide. and hostile toward. It reminds days. come to the floor and I will borrow "Actually, the Democrats started me of kids playing marbles," said the chart that says 494 days. I will early in January with criticism of the Sen. Dale Bumpers (D-Ark.). make it 493. But I will put under it, president, and then our side an- "There really is a thirst for sub- Budget Committee Chairman Jim 'Democratically-led Congress has swered, and it started going back and stance and an appreciation for it by Sasser (D-Tenn.). "It took him 548 done nothing about the recession forth and it keeps on going," said people when they see it," said Sen. days in this 18-month recession, the for 493 days.' Kassebaum. "Both parties want to John C. Danforth (R-Mo.), speaking longest recession since the Second Domenici also started passing out get out their side of the story. One of Tsongas's victory. World War, to come forward and peanut-butter cups, costing 54 thing leads to another, and then it's But any thirst for substance even propose some sort of fig-leaf L cents a pair, to illustrate the daily a, well, it becomes a moveable feast." would not be quenched by the Sen- economic growth plan to this Con- value of the Democrats' proposed "The leaders should be willing to ate debate over which party is more gress" in his State of the Union ad- $200 tax reduction for middle-in- stand up and say, 'Stop, no more, cut to blame for inaction on the nation's dress Jan. 28, Sasser added. And come Americans. "Frankly, if I had it out,' but they won't do it," said a economic problems. now "he wants us to act on it within a plan like that I would wait 494 senator who asked not to be identi- "It is 44 days and counting," said 44 days." days, too," he added. fied. "I'm not sure they get it," he Senate Minority Leader Robert J. Sen. Donald W. Riegle Jr. (D- In a variation on the earlier added. SENATE CITIDAY SUNDAY MONDAY TUESDAY WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY 1/29 1/30 1/31 -2/1 In Session In Session In Session 11:00AM-7: 05PM 10:00AM-8:09PM 8:30AM-2:37PM Magic #: 51 50 49 DIS/DSS= 1/1 2/2 3/3 2/2 2/3 2/4 2/5 2/6 2/7 2/8 In Session In Session In Session In Session In Session 2:00PM-5: 0PM 9:10AM-7:22PM 10:30AM-7:28PM 8:30AM-10:23PM 9:00AM-5:12PM 46 45 44 43 42 4/6 5/7 6/8 7/9 8/10 2/9 2/10 2/11 2/12 2/13 2/14 2/15 NOT In Session NOT NOT In Session *Pro Forma *Pro Forma IN IN IN 11AM- 11 : 00 : 38AM 11:00:32AM - SESSION 38 SESSION SESSION 11:01:10AM 35 9/14 10/17 2/16 2/17 2/18 2/19 2/20 2/21 2/22 NOT In Session In Session In Session 9:30AM-7: : 31PM 9:00AM-8:11PM NLB IN 31 30 11AM SESSION 11/21 12/22 KEY DIS/DSS=Days in Session Days Since SOTU HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES SUNDAY MONDAY A 77 TUESDAY 7 Y WEDNESDAY THURSDAY FRIDAY SATURDAY 1/29 1/30 1/31 2/1 In Session In Session NOT *Pro Forma *Pro Forma IN 2:00PM-3:52 PM 11:00AM-3:08PM SESSION Magic #: 51 50 DIS/DSS=1/1 2/2 2/2 2/3 2/4 2/5 2/6 2/7 2/8 In Session In Session In Session NOT In Session No Legislative 12:00PM-6:20PM 1:00PM-10:37PM IN *Pro Forma Business 45 44 SESSION 42 12:00PM-1:18PM 46 4/7 5/8 6/10 3/6 2/9 2/10 2/11 2/12 2/13 2/14 2/15 NOT In Session NOT NOT In Session IN No Leg. Business IN IN No Leg. Business Session 12:00PM-12:47PM Session Session 11:00AM-11:05AM 38 35 7/14 8/17 2/16 2/17 2/18 2/19 2/20 2/21 2/22 NOT In Session In Session In Session N/S IN 12:00PM-1:43PM 2:00PM-4 : 59PM NLB Session 31 30 9/21 10/22 2/23 2/24 2/25 2/26 2/27 2/28 2/29 IS is NLB 1.2 ? 12-? KEY DIS/DSS=Days in Session Days Since SOTU MEMORANDUM TO: SPEECHWRITERS AND RESEARCHERS FROM: DOUG CHIA, RESEARCH INTERN DC DATE: FEBRUARY 14, 1992 RE: COMPLAINTS ABOUT MARCH 20 DEADLINE (correct) MAGIC NUMBER: 35 Even though Speaker Thomas Foley had said that "[a] recess cancellation would achieve nothing," the House last week decided not to take the President's Day recess, also called a "district work period," as originally planned. The Senate took its recess as planned, but Sen. George Mitchell cancelled another recess scheduled for March 9 to 16. Last week, Sen. Mitchell rejected Sen. Arlen Specter's request that the President's Day recess be cancelled in order to meet the President's deadline. Sen. Mitchell also declared that votes will be held every Friday the Senate is in session to prevent Senators from skipping town every Thursday. "We cannot tolerate a situation in which the Senate simply cannot transact business on those relatively few days when we are, in fact, in session..." said the Senate Majority Leader. Meanwhile, Senate Finance Committee Chairman Lloyd Bentsen warned that "[i]f [the President] makes any more changes [in his proposals], in fact, he may be unable to meet the deadline himself." Editorials ROLL CALL Buckle Down 2/13/92. The House leadership last week decided to cancel the scheduled Lincoln/ Washington Birthday recess. Instead, leaders agreed not to meet Monday, meet pro forma on Tuesday, not meet yesterday and today, and meet pro forma tomorrow. Next week, the House will be out of session on Monday and return to work on Tuesday. Good thing recess was cancelled. An aide to Speaker Tom Foley (D-Wash) called the compromise "a mid- way point between recess and no recess." But the truth is that when the House meets pro forma, there are no scheduled debates, no votes, and no legislative business. In effect, the House floor is shut down for the week. Clearly, the compromise was hatched between high-pressure Republicans, led by Minority Whip Newt Gingrich (R-Ga), who wanted simply to go on record fighting to cancel recess, and Democrats who wanted to avoid an embarrassing vote on the issue. But all of this is just partisan antics surrounding the President's economic growth package: Republicans want Democrats to look like they're stalling on the March 20 deadline, while the Democrats actually are saying they will vote on the plan by then. But the bickering over this week's recess is eclipsing the bigger issue: The House has not accomplished a thing in months. The first session of the 102nd Congress effectively adjourned Nov. 27. The second session officially recon- vened nearly six weeks ago on Jan. 3. Since then, the House has been in session for a total of 11 days, including pro forma sessions. In that time, there have been only 13 votes, including nine on Feb. 5 dealing with the post office scandal and October Surprise. Still awaiting action: the education bill, Family and Medical Leave Act, a crime bill, campaign finance reform, and, of course, the economic growth plan. We're in an election year, and charades like last week's move to "cancel" the recess are insulting to the public and harmful to the institution. And at the moment, Congress can't afford more bad feelings. Meanwhile, Members on both sides of the aisle flew out of DC last week- end for scheduled trips abroad. This newspaper has long defended so-called fact-finding missions, and we still find them noble voyages. But if Members are not careful, Congress soon will join President Bush as the victim of accusations that domestic issues are playing second fiddle to foreign affairs. Upon its return Tuesday, the House does not have a scheduled "District Work Period" until Easter recess begins on April 13. We think it would be a good idea to use this time wisely, to buckle down and get to work. MEMORANDUM TO: SPEECHWRITERS AND RESEARCHERS FROM: DOUG CHIA, RESEARCH INTERN De DATE: FEBRUARY 11, 1992 RE: COMPLAINTS ABOUT MARCH 20 DEADLINE MAGIC NUMBER: 28 Talk about the deadline has died down quite a bit. Here is a compilation of comments gathered from the past few days: In an exchange with Samuel Skinner on NBC's "Meet The Press," John Cochran said, "[0]f course, Congress will not [pass the President's economic package] by March 20." Campaigning in New Hampshire, Patrick Buchanan said, "When [Ronald Reagan] came to Washington, he buckled on his sword and he went out and fought from Day One for what he wanted. He did not wait until March 20 of his fourth year in office." Sen. Bob Packwood said Thursday that it was unlikely Congress would meet the March 20 deadline the President set. Roll Call reports that the deadline is slowing the movement of a campaign finance reform bill. They state that Speaker Thomas Foley and Sen. George Mitchell have "concern that President Bush's March 20 deadline for action on his economic growth package could interfere with the timetable [for campaign finance reform legislation]. Roll Call also reports that Republicans see Senate procedures generating over 100 amendments onto a tax policy that would bog things down as March 20 approaches. Sen. Mitchell "says he wouldn't put it past Republicans themselves to slow the process down, then point the finger at Democrats." ROLL CALL Miss Deadline, 2/10/92. Lose $355/Day, Seymour Urges By Karen Foerstel Sen. John Seymour (R-Calif) wants his colleagues to be docked one day's pay, every day starting March 21, if they fail to pass an economic growth package by the deadline set by President Bush during his State of the Union message last month. Seymour introduced legislation Thurs- day night calling for the Secretary of the Senate to withhold $355 from each Senator's paycheck for each day past the President's March 20 deadline that a pack- age is not passed. The amount of $355 was derived from the annual Senate salary of $129,500. If the Senators would have to pass Bush's economic plan, or some other, by March 20. package were not passed until June 1, for example, the delay would cost each Senator $25,560. "Either we produce or we do not get paid," Seymour, who faces a tough election race this year, said on the floor Thursday. "No package, no pay. That is the challenge." Under the legislation, S.J. Res. 253, the docked pay would be transferred daily to the Unemployment Trust Fund. "[It] may be the first time that our pen- chant for inactivity would be put to good use," Seymour said. The legislation does not require that the Senate approve the exact economic growth package called for by Bush, but simply that some package addressing the matter is passed by the Senate. Members would not get their missed pay returned to them after an economic growth package was passed. So far, the joint resolution has received no co-sponsors, but a Seymour aide said several offices have been contacted and have expressed an interest. MEMORANDUM TO: SPEECHWRITERS AND RESEARCHERS FROM: DOUG CHIA, RESEARCH INTERN DC DATE: FEBRUARY 5, 1992 RE: COMPLAINTS ABOUT MARCH 20 DEADLINE MAGIC NUMBER: 44 Rep. Dan Rostenkowski said today that he is "drop-dead" serious about getting tax cuts passed quickly to get the economy out of its slump and that he is "ready to cooperate with any good-faith effort to get this economy moving" and to meet the deadline. "There will be only one tax bill this year, and it's going to be written in the next few weeks as the President has demanded." Meeting the President's timetable is a "tall order, he said, but he pledged that his Ways and Means Committee would act swiftly, "not because of the President's demand, but rather because there's a lot of pain in America today." They will begin drafting a bill next Wednesday and work through the weekend if necessary. Sen. Lloyd Bentsen said that every effort will be made to meet the deadline, but added, "We're not going to rubber-stamp what the President proposed.' He said his Finance Committee will begin action on a bill Feb. 19. Speaker Thomas Foley predicted "a very early vote" on an economic package and said it would come well before March 20. Foley said Friday that "I'm satisfied we'll bring both [a budget and tax reform package] by the March 20 deadline." Sen. Arlen Specter urged fellow Senators to forego their Feb.8 to 17 recess and instead work on solving the nation's economic problems. "I believe it is incumbent on us, Mr. President, to tackle these problems right now, Friday afternoon, Jan. 23 [sic], almost 2 p.m. ... I don't think we ought to be in recess in February, Mr. President, and I don't think we ought to be in recess in March, and I think this Congress ought to respond to this President's challenge of a March 20 date." MEMORANDUM TO: SPEECHWRITERS AND RESEARCHERS FROM: DOUG CHIA, RESEARCH INTERN DC DATE: FEBRUARY 4, 1992 RE: COMPLAINTS ABOUT MARCH 20 DEADLINE MAGIC NUMBER: 45 Not much noise today about the deadline except from CBS's Susan Spencer who last night said, "I think [the POTUS's plan] has absolutely no chance of passing before this artificial deadline. Parts of it probably will get through because the Democrats don't want to be blamed for everything. What we all have to keep in mind, of course, is that this plan is now five days old, and suddenly there's this urgency about it that didn't exist before." The attached article from the latest issue of Congressional Quarterly is worth reading. CQ 2/1/92. Congress' Latest Deadline "I submit my plan tomorrow. And I am asking you to But with the economy limping along and an election less pass it by March 20. And I ask the American people to than 10 months away, the Democratic majority in Congress let you know they want this action by March 20. From will ignore the latest deadline at its own political peril. the day after that, if it must be: The battle is joined." Indeed, the House Ways and Means and Budget commit- -President Bush tees plan to work through the February recess, to ready tax and budget legislation for floor action. Even so, the package W ith these words, President Bush demonstrated in Congress sends Bush probably will not be the one he his State of the Union address on Jan. 28 how easy requested; Democrats have their own ideas about tax relief. it is for a president to set Congress' agenda and even And the bill won't arrive by March 20. establish the terms for its consideration. Rep. Mickey Edwards, R-Okla., a member of the House The deadline is a particularly effective tool, and this GOP leadership, said the deadline isn't firm. "All we need is the second time in a year the president has used it. by March is a commitment from the Democrats to have a Last year, after the Persian Gulf War, he challenged vote on the president's tax package, or whatever Republi- Congress to send him anti-crime and transportation legis- can tax package emerges from Ways and Means," he said. lation in 100 days. It took considerably longer than that for The White House probably never expected Congress to the transportation bill to arrive at the White House. As for meet its deadline; there is no explanation for March 20, the crime bill, it still hasn't arrived, held up, ironically, by beyond the president's say-so. If anything, the deadline was Senate Republicans who don't like what's in it. selected because it won't be met; failure will transfer the Congress generally bristles at such presidential inter- heat generated by the recession from Bush to Congress. ference. "The truth of it is, the president has taken two "Now it's up to Congress to produce," White House Chief months to figure out what he wants to do, and he's just of Staff Samuel K. Skinner said. "And if they don't, they are changed it," Sen. Sam Nunn, D-Ga., said. "He is not giving going to go into the fall having failed the American people. Congress as long as he took himself. The legislative And if they fail the American people, they won't be coming process should be given, on average, at least twice as long as back in January." one man has to make up his mind." This is the type of talk that leads Rep. Byron L. Dorgan, Senate Majority Leader George D-N.D., to conclude that the "pres- J. Mitchell, D-Maine, said if Con- ident's plan has a made-in-New gress moves expeditiously, it will be Hampshire label on it." Any doubts because the times demand it. disappeared Jan. 30. Bush's re- Speaker Thomas S. Foley, D- election campaign began airing a Wash., has pressed House chair- 30-second television spot that fea- men with jurisdiction over tax and tured the president's challenge to budget legislation to move quickly, Congress. The president, who ac- but he also has said the president's knowledged the recession only two "swaggering" attitude isn't helpful. months ago, urged voters "to send a Even Senate Republican leader real message to Congress to get this Bob Dole of Kansas has expressed R. MICHAEL JENKINS job done." doubt about a March 20 deadline. A packed chamber listens to Bush's speech. -Chuck Alston MEMORANDUM TO: SPEECHWRITERS AND RESEARCHERS FROM: DOUG CHIA, RESEARCH INTERN DC DATE: FEBRUARY 3, 1992 RE: COMPLAINTS ABOUT MARCH 20 DEADLINE MAGIC NUMBER: 46 Sen. Lloyd Bentsen said after the SOTU, "I think the President's decision to set an artificial deadline. will not be helpful." He added, "He's demanding that Congress approve in 50 days a proposal he's been working on for 90 days, and he's still fine- tuning it." Speaker Thomas Foley said, "I'm satisfied we will move to a vote before the March 20 deadline, not because he set a deadline, but because we believe we should move quickly." The Washington Post has reported that Rep. Dan Rostenkowski "also pledged to meet the deadline but complained that the administration has not presented a bill containing Bush's economic proposals. In an interview, Rostenkowski dismissed as 'silly speculation' suggestions that Bush set a deadline of March 20, three days after a rare primary challenge to the Chicago Democrat, to benefit him politically. He said his votes on the economic package would be cast before the primary, so there was no political advantage to be had." Talking to a conference of House Democrats on Friday, Foley said, regarding passing an economic package, "Our first task, which has not been easy in the past, is to be both faster and clearer." The New York Times points to three important dates as to the task to be faster. "One is Mr. Bush's March 20, and all that anyone expects it to produce is a lot of speeches by him and Republican lawmakers about how the Democrats aren't meeting his reasonable expectations of tax legislation. The real deadline is probably April 10, the Friday before Congress's scheduled Easter break. It will mean fewer Mondays and Fridays off, but it can be met. As long as Congress is working, Republican's complaints about Mr. Bush's March 20 deadline will carry little weight, but it would be another thing to miss a deadline and then take a vacation. The other important date is Feb. 18, when New Hampshire holds its primary." Donald Lambro of The Washington Times says that Congress is not likely to act on any of the President's short-term economic growth proposals by March 20. "And not because it is impossible: If Congress can pass a pay raise in a matter of hours, surely it can come up with a recovery package in two months. But Congress won't because the Democrats do not want to engineer an economic turnaround this early in the presidential election year.' In the latest New York Times/CBS News Poll, just 17 percent approved Congress's handling of its job, while 71 percent disapproved. Editorials ROLL CALL End the Delay 1/30/92. In his State of the Union Address Tuesday, the President set another deadline for Congress: pass my economic recovery package by March 20, or else. We generally find such presidential threats obnoxious (and, judging by the last one, not particularly effective), but, in this case, Bush may have a valid point. Is Congress truly working hard to resolve what most Members at least publicly call an economic crisis? Consider: The first session of the 102nd Congress was effectively adjourned on Nov. 27 - two to three weeks earlier than normal. The House and Senate returned for a few minutes on Jan. 3, then disappeared until last week. Since then, the Senate has been preoccupied with amendments to S.2, the education bill that's long overdue, while the House Well, what has the House been doing? Here, verbatim, is the schedule for this week, as published by the Democratic Study Group: "Monday, January 27: House not in session. Tuesday, January 28 (House meets at noon): Suspensions - - Five bills are scheduled for consideration under suspension of the rules Wednesday & Thursday, January 29 & 30 (House meets at 2 p.m. on Wednesday and at 11 a.m. on Thursday): Pro forma sessions. No legislative business. Friday, January 31: House not in session." Not a particularly taxing schedule, and don't forget the long-awaited "Lincoln/Washington District Work Period" coming up in mid-February. This newspaper has long been a defender of Congressional work habits, but in this instance the delays are unjustified. The President has given Congress 52 days (including weekends and district work periods) to pass his package - that's a shorter time than the holiday recess just past. There may well be partisan reasons for dilatory tactics, but it would serve the institution far better either to pass the package, or reject it. The delays must end; the battle must be joined. MEET THE PRESS - FEBRUARY <, 1742 MR. BRODER: --is seriously in trouble. Will the Congress "act by the March 20 deadline that the president has set? SEN. MITCHELL: The Congress will act promptly because it's the right thing to do, not because of any deadline. The fact of the matter is, of course, that there has been a 21-month delay in action, caused entirely by the president. For 18 months, he's said there's no recession, there's no problem, therefore he offered no solution. When it was finally obvious to every American and the president admitted it, he then asked for three more months to figure out what to say. So we've had a long delay--21 months--induced entirely by the president. We're going to act, and we're going to act promptly, but not because of a deadline. MR. BRODER: Excuse me, Senator, you say "induced entirely by the president." SEN. MITCHELL: Yes. MR. BRODER: The president last January--a year ago--asked for a highway bill which would have put money into states and local government to create jobs. Congress didn't pass that highway bill until the very last day of the session. That was not caused by the president, was it? SEN. MITCHELL: Not the highway bill's final passage. The fact of the matter is, we pushed that. We passed it in the Senate prior to the deadline that (he proposed?). MR. BRODER: Well, will the March 20 deadline be met? SEN. MITCHELL: Well, it's my hope that we can do it before that. We may do it before then. We may do it on that day. It may be a little bit (after?). The deadline is a political ploy. It has no relationship to what actually occurs in government and in the process-- MR. BRODER: But you're prepared to sit here this morning and tell the American people that on your own, irregardless of anything the president may have said, you will have an economic package ready for the president to sign or veto by March 20? SEN. MITCHELL: We're going to act as soon as possible. The deadline-- MR. BRODER: What does that mean, Senator? SEN. MITCHELL: That means it may be before March 20. Why should we say (inaudible) -- MR. BRODER: Also means it could be May 20 or June 20? SEN. MITCHELL: I don't think it's likely to be that. I think it's going to be very soon. We're going to act promptly. We obviously have to proceed through the legislative process. These proposals must be considered and evaluated, some accepted, some rejected, constructive alternatives proposed. MEMORANDUM TO: SPEECHWRITERS AND RESEARCHERS FROM: DOUG CHIA, RESEARCH INTERN DC DATE: FEBRUARY 3, 1992 RE: COMPLAINTS ABOUT MARCH 20 DEADLINE MAGIC NUMBER: 46 Sen. Lloyd Bentsen said after the SOTU, "I think the President's decision to set an artificial deadline. will not be helpful." He added, "He's demanding that Congress approve in 50 days a proposal he's been working on for 90 days, and he's still fine- tuning it." Speaker Thomas Foley said, "I'm satisfied we will move to a vote before the March 20 deadline, not because he set a deadline, but because we believe we should move quickly." The Washington Post has reported that Rep. Dan Rostenkowski "also pledged to meet the deadline but complained that the administration has not presented a bill containing Bush's economic proposals. In an interview, Rostenkowski dismissed as 'silly speculation' suggestions that Bush set a deadline of March 20, three days after a rare primary challenge to the Chicago Democrat, to benefit him politically. He said his votes on the economic package would be cast before the primary, so there was no political advantage to be had." Talking to a conference of House Democrats on Friday, Foley said, regarding passing an economic package, "Our first task, which has not been easy in the past, is to be both faster and clearer." The New York Times points to three important dates as to the task to be faster. "One is Mr. Bush's March 20, and all that anyone expects it to produce is a lot of speeches by him and Republican lawmakers about how the Democrats aren't meeting his reasonable expectations of tax legislation. The real deadline is probably April 10, the Friday before Congress's scheduled Easter break. It will mean fewer Mondays and Fridays off, but it can be met. As long as Congress is working, Republican's complaints about Mr. Bush's March 20 deadline will carry little weight, but it would be another thing to miss a deadline and then take a vacation. The other important date is Feb. 18, when New Hampshire holds its primary." Donald Lambro of The Washington Times says that Congress is not likely to act on any of the President's short-term economic growth proposals by March 20. "And not because it is impossible: If Congress can pass a pay raise in a matter of hours, surely it can come up with a recovery package in two months. But Congress won't because the Democrats do not want to engineer an economic turnaround this early in the presidential election year." In the latest New York Times/CBS News Poll, just 17 percent approved Congress's handling of its job, while 71 percent disapproved. Editorials ROLL CALL End the Delay 1/30/92. In his State of the Union Address Tuesday, the President set another deadline for Congress: pass my economic recovery package by March 20, or else. We generally find such presidential threats obnoxious (and, judging by the last one, not particularly effective), but, in this case, Bush may have a valid point. Is Congress truly working hard to resolve what most Members at least publicly call an economic crisis? Consider: The first session of the 102nd Congress was effectively adjourned on Nov. 27 - two to three weeks earlier than normal. The House and Senate returned for a few minutes on Jan. 3, then disappeared until last week. Since then, the Senate has been preoccupied with amendments to S.2, the education bill that's long overdue, while the House Well, what has the House been doing? Here, verbatim, is the schedule for this week, as published by the Democratic Study Group: "Monday, January 27: House not in session. Tuesday, January 28 (House meets at noon): Suspensions - Five bills are scheduled for consideration under suspension of the rules Wednesday & Thursday, January 29 & 30 (House meets at 2 p.m. on Wednesday and at 11 a.m. on Thursday): Pro forma sessions. No legislative business. Friday, January 31: House not in session." Not a particularly taxing schedule, and don't forget the long-awaited "Lincoln/Washington District Work Period" coming up in mid-February. This newspaper has long been a defender of Congressional work habits, but in this instance the delays are unjustified. The President has given Congress 52 days (including weekends and district work periods) to pass his package - that's a shorter time than the holiday recess just past. There may well be partisan reasons for dilatory tactics, but it would serve the institution far better either to pass the package, or reject it. The delays must end; the battle must be joined. "MEET THE PRESS"- FEBRUARY 2, 1992 MR. BRODER: --is seriously in trouble. Will the Congress act by the March 20 deadline that the president has set? SEN. MITCHELL: The Congress will act promptly because it's the right thing to do, not because of any deadline. The fact of the matter is, of course, that there has been a 21-month delay in action, caused entirely by the president. For 18 months, he's said there's no recession, there's no problem, therefore he offered no solution. When it was finally obvious to every American and the president admitted it, he then asked for three more months to figure out what to say. So we've had a long delay--21 months--induced entirely by the president. We're going to act, and we're going to act promptly, but not because of a deadline. MR. BRODER: Excuse me, Senator, you say "induced entirely by the president." SEN. MITCHELL: Yes. MR. BRODER: The president last January--a year ago--asked for a highway bill which would have put money into states and local government to create jobs. Congress didn't pass that highway bill until the very last day of the session. That was not caused by the president, was it? SEN. MITCHELL: Not the highway bill's final passage. The fact of the matter is, we pushed that. We passed it in the Senate prior to the deadline that (he proposed?). MR. BRODER: Well, will the March 20 deadline be met? SEN. MITCHELL: Well, it's my hope that we can do it before that. We may do it before then. We may do it on that day. It may be a little bit (after?) The deadline is a political ploy. It has no relationship to what actually occurs in government and in the process-- MR. BRODER: But you're prepared to sit here this morning and tell the American people that on your own, irregardless of anything the president may have said, you will have an economic package ready for the president to sign or veto by March 20? SEN. MITCHELL: We're going to act as soon as possible. The deadline- MR. BRODER: What does that mean, Senator? SEN. MITCHELL: That means it may be before March 20. Why should we say (inaudible) MR. BRODER: Also means it could be May 20 or June 20? SEN. MITCHELL: I don't think it's likely to be that. I think it's going to be very soon. We're going to act promptly. We obviously have to proceed through the legislative process. These proposals must be considered and evaluated, some accepted, some rejected, constructive alternatives proposed. MEMORANDUM TO: SPEECHWRITERS AND RESEARCHERS FROM: DOUG CHIA, RESEARCH INTERN DC DATE: JANUARY 31, 1992 RE: COMPLAINTS ABOUT MARCH 20 DEADLINE THE MAGIC NUMBER IS 49 More comments regarding the deadline from the past few days: Rep. Dan Rostenkowski commented that Congress is not bound by the POTUS' March 20 deadline and said, "we might have a package by March 20 or not." Sen. Daniel Inouye said, "The President has asked us to wait for three months to hear his plan, and now he says he wants us to act in 45 days. ... It's rather unreasonable." Jay Buchert, chairman of the National Association of Home Builders, said, "We think the March 20 deadline is very, very important." Sen. Jim Sasser said, "The President has given us 50 days to send him a solution, when it took him 480 days to notice we had an economic problem." Sen. Lloyd Bentsen said, "I think when the President talks about getting it all done by March 20, he knows it can't be done that quickly. And that's to try to set up a political confrontation." Budget Committee Chairman Leon Panetta said that his panel and the House Ways and Means Committee are "planning to move quickly" on the budget proposal and will try to meet the deadline. He also said, "The speaker has asked [us] to meet through the Presidents Day break and to try to report a budget resolution to the floor by late February or early March, and we intend to do that." A Washington Post-ABC News Poll conducted Wednesday night found that, by 2 to 1, most Americans supported Bush's Call for Congress to act on his economic proposal by March 20. The survey also found that 8 in 10 expected Congress will fail to meet the deadline. Speaking about the deadline, Rep. George Mitchell said, "We don't operate that way [The deadline] has no meaning in terms of what and how we act [sic. ]." Bill Pascoe of the Washington Times says that the 50-day time limit is "egregiously hypocritical. Mr. Bush's first 'wait for the [SOTU]' response to a question about what he planned to do about the recession came as far back as Nov. 15 -- 10 weeks ago. If the recession is so serious a problem that he believes a remedy must be written into law by March 20, why did he make us wait 10 weeks to hear his plan? The logic escapes me. " Pascoe adds that "to believe that George Bush will actually declare war on Congress is to believe in the tooth fairy and little green men on the moon." Rowland Evans and Robert Novak WP 1/31/92 Will Bush Fight? George Bush stopped the hemorrhag- since 1988) and adequately delivered, advocate of dealing with the Democrats ing from conservative supporters with would have saved the president 60 days that the cost of retaining him is reduced an address he should have delivered last of political devastation had it been given congressional backing for the president. Nov. 15, but the new question is wheth- when Congress adjourned. It was not That was shown when Darman and er he will confront Congress by sticking because of caution, Darman and Brady. Skinner faced the House GOP confer- to his March 20 deadline for action. Bush's residual desire to avoid pro- ence just before the president's speech. Republican congressional cloakrooms voking Congress with term limits con- Darman encountered Rep. Dick Armey, are permeated with fears that President tradicts reality. Senate Majority Leader a feisty Texas conservative who had Bush's new line in the sand will vanish, George Mitchell runs a take-no-prisoners excoriated the budget chief in a New as did his 1991 demand for results in "a ship. Easygoing Republican elder How- York Times article. "Thanks for helping hundred days." Such apprehension is ard Baker, a former Senate majority me with my moderate base," Darman justified by backstage events at the leader and White House chief of staff, has cracked to Armey, who was not White House. told the Bush high command he has amused. Later, when Skinner asked for The popular limitation of congression never seen the Democrats more blood- suggestions from the floor, Armey said, al terms, nominally supported by Bush, thirsty. "Get rid of that guy sitting next to you." Skinner defended Darman then, but was not included in his speech. The The president, in laying down a gen- reason: concern that it might offend tlemanly gauntlet Tuesday night, repre- subsequent news leaks from the White sents a compromise between Hobbesian House depicted the chief of staff coun- Congress. reality and Bush's kinder, gentler pref- termanding the OMB director. The White House Chief of Staff Samuel Skinner is trying to "compartmentalize" erences. His demand for a capital gains White House has put out word it wants Richard G. Darman as director of the cut, though three years late, defied Darman in his own "compartment," with Office of Management and Budget. That Mitchell. But the 15.4 percent rate faced his power curtailed. means "limiting" Darman, always an opposition from Brady's Treasury (which That would be done by bringing in advocate of compromise with Congress, Republican National Chairman Clayton wanted 19 percent) and came only after a Yeutter as an augmented domestic poli- to one of the government's most power- guerrilla raid by Dan Quayle. cy adviser. Darman claims he doesn't ful jobs. The vice president and his chief of mind, but Brady has bitterly resisted Treasury Secretary Nicholas Brady, staff, William Kristol, pressed on Brady the threat to his chairmanship of the reflecting his department's permanent an idea by supply-sider Paul Craig Rob- Economic Policy Council. He considers bureaucracy, resisted the size of the erts to reduce capital gains taxation the Yeutter scheme a personal affront capital gains cut and killed any bigger without congressional approval-by or- and has told Bush as much. reduction. He has been fighting staff dering the Internal Revenue Service to No wonder the president is in a fix. No restructuring at the White House that plug in inflation when calculating prof- wonder he didn't deliver a radical State might reduce his power. its. Recoiling in terror, Treasury bu- of the Union stressing welfare, budget These three factors, while raising reaucrats bought the 15.4 percent. and tort reform, demanding term limits doubts about the future, also help ex- Darman's current sins are less obvi- and calling for a-zero capital gains tax. No plain Bush's current difficulty. His State ous, and in fact, he was helpful in wonder there are doubts he will confront of the Union, well written (by Peggy writing the speech's final draft. But he Congress on what he did propose. Noonan, called on for the first time is so unpopular with Republicans as an © 1992. Creators Syndicate Inc. MEMORANDUM TO: SPEECHWRITERS AND RESEARCHERS FROM: DOUG CHIA, RESEARCH INTERN DC DATE : JANUARY 30, 1992 RE: COMPLAINTS ABOUT MARCH 20 DEADLINE Here are the highlights of today's complaints from the Hill and elsewhere about the deadline: Thomas Foley said "there's a sense in the [SOTU] of combativeness and challenge that I think creates some sense of concern" about the POTUS's political motives. Foley also said there was an "almost swaggering suggestion that after the 20th of March, well, if there is going to have to be a fight, then you know how I welcome fights. ... And I'm not sure that meshes with his call for cooperation." George Mitchell said that Bush's deadline "doesn't mean anything." He also said "We want to act, we intend to act, we will act, not because of any so-called deadline, but because it's the right thing to do." The Washington Post notes that "in further indication that Congress will rush to act on an economic package, even while complaining about Bush's deadline, members of the House Budget and Ways and Means committees have been notified to be ready to work through the Feb. 8-17 President's Day recess if necessary to hasten work on the plan." Robert Byrd said "There is certainly no need to hurry and pass this plan It is the wrong course for America.' Robert Dole urged Republicans to "roll up our sleeves and help [the POTUS] meet his March 20 deadline." A12 REVIEW & OUTLOOK WSJ Will George Do It? 1/30/92 Put a circle around March 20 on Jack Kemp's HOPE program to em- your calendar. If we understand what power poor people with property, George Bush said in his State of the which the President asked for, was Union address, that should be the eve trashed last year. And of course, his of Operation Domestic Storm. capital-gains proposals have been fili- "This will not stand," the Presi- bustered and otherwise kept from dent said twice of the "hard times" even coming to a vote. the nation's economy faces. "I pride So the March 20 deadline will pass. myself that I'm a prudent man, and I Then what? believe that patience is a virtue, but I Then, we hope, George Bush will understand that politics is, for some, mount a unilateral campaign to liber- a game and that sometimes the game ate the American economy, and dare is to stop all progress and then decry Congress to stop him. the lack of improvement," he said. He As President, Mr. Bush has direct asked the Congress to pass his short- authority over the executive branch, term economic program by March 20. which is to say all the departments, "From the day after that, the battle is agencies and attendant bureaucrats joined. And you know, when principle who most directly affect the economic is at stake, I relish a good fair life of America's workers and em- fight." ployers. The President has the author- George Bush, as they discovered in ity to issue executive orders, as he Iraq, likes deadlines. With this delib- demonstrated Tuesday night with his erate invocation of his Desert Storm 90-day moratorium on new regulations rhetoric, he is putting himself on the that "will hurt growth." When Con- spot. Unless he wants to go back on gress refuses to act, he has the option another "read my lips," on March 21 of asserting his authority, leaving it to he'll have to do something dramatic voters to approve or disapprove in No- about the economy and, more to the vember. point; about the Congress. Can he? The President could, for example, Will he? When President Bush gave unilaterally adopt indexation of capi- Saddam Hussein a date certain for tal gains via regulatory fiat. The ar- getting out of Kuwait, many people, gument for this action, which has including us, wondered whether he'd been discussed at the White House, actually make good on the threat. was described here Tuesday ("Presi- Saddam assumed he wouldn't, but on dential Indexation"). As we have also January 16 there were cruise missiles argued, he could also unilaterally as- over Baghdad. sert the line-item veto; his signature The President's economic pro- messages have in effect already exer- gram, as it happens, is too timid for cised this option against unconstitu- our tastes. Even the capital-gains pro- tional provisions in dozens of non- posal, the best of the lot, is encum- spending bills. Item-veto fans noted bered with gimmicks on holding pe- the President's pointed references to riods. Robert Barro details other the Lawrence Welk museum and Bel- shortcomings alongside. But in a cer- gian endive research, not to mention tain sense the specifics are not the 246 programs that "don't deserve fed- point. The economy is suffering most eral funding." of all from a sour public mood, and These assertions of executive au- the quickest way to break that mood thority would be controversial, and ul- would be for the administration to timately subject to Supreme Court re- break out of the Depublican-Remocrat view. But the most important verdict deadlock and offer the voters a clear would be that of the voters. The in- choice on economic policy. ability of Washington to control the In any event, there is almost no budget, the political deadlock, the chance that Congress will pass the anti-incumbent mood all argue for President's proposals. The blood of finding a vehicle to sharpen the de- election-year politics will be in the bate, not for endless wheel-spinning water, whether or not Bill Clinton de- over the terms of a deal. So it's signif- feats Gennifer Flowers in the New icant that Mr. Bush strongly hinted Hampshire primary. The virulent going unilateral, "There are certain anti-incumbent mood in the land things that a President can do without means the Members will be looking Congress. And I'm going to do out for only their own parochial inter- them." ests, not the common good, which is The State of the Union has been de- traditionally a presidential responsi- livered. The New Hampshire primary bility. Besides, the Senate voted down will be coming February 18. The pre- the education bill the very day Mr. liminaries are already under way. Bush spoke (newspaper photos de- We're buying box seats for March 20. picted a triumphant Ted Kennedy). The Deadline. The Deadline: A Tactic With Political Roots The March 20 deadline that President Bush set in his State of the Union ad- dress for Congress to pass his economic growth agenda is one firmly rooted in pol- itics, not law. There is no legal sanction if the deadline is missed, but, as Bush made clear Tuesday night, there will be a rhetorical one. "From the day after that, if it must be, the battle is joined," he said. Bush used the same tech- nique last year when he chal- tenged Congress to pass highway and crime legislation in 100 days, the amount of time it took U.S.-led forces to drive Iraq from Kuwait. When the date passed without final action on either measure, Bush traveled around the country assailing lawmakers for inaction, tap- ping the strong anti-Congress sentiment among the public. Administration and Bush- Quayle campaign officials plan to do the same if Congress does not act on the economic legislation in the 50 days be- tween yesterday's budget submission and March 20. The deadline falls amid important primaries in the Democratic presidential race. According to congressional officials, the White House had considered March 15 as a deadline, but wanted to avoid allusions to the Ides of March, the date in 44 B.C. when conspirators led by Marcus Junius Brutus assas- sinated Gaius Julius Caesar. Others noted that moving the deadline to March 20 put it beyond the Illinois primary, when House Ways and Means Chairman Dan Rostenkowski (D-III.) faces his first chal- lenge in many years. "That might have been a consider- ation," one congressional of- ficial said. -John E. Yang WP 1/30/92