Ask the Scholar
Document scope · 1 page
Scholar
Ask about this object, its catalog metadata, its source description, or the page inventory.
For page-specific OCR and visual context, open one of the page chats.
Scholar Source Context
Document identity
localId
323154001
label
ASNE [American Society of Newspaper Editors] 4/9/92 [OA 7571] [2]
core
doc
dtoType
document
citationUrl
pageCount
1
Source metadata
id
323154001
contentType
document
title
ASNE [American Society of Newspaper Editors] 4/9/92 [OA 7571] [2]
citationUrl
identifierLocal
13807-004
collections
Records of the White House Office of Speechwriting (George H. W. Bush Administration)
Speech Backup Chronological Files
imageCount
1
hasImages
yes
source
import
hasTranscription
no
Source extras
naId
323154001
levelOfDescription
fileUnit
recordType
description
ocrSource
nara-archive
Single page context
seq
1
pageIndex
0
type
document
mediaId
85575f31ebadaa3f
ocrText
Originally Processed With FOIA(s):
FOIA Number:
S
S
FOIA
MARKER
This is not a textual record. This is used as an
administrative marker by the George Bush Presidential
Library Staff.
Record Group/Collection:
George H.W. Bush Presidential Records
Collection/Office of Origin:
Speechwriting, White House Office of
Series:
Speech File Backup Files
Subseries:
Chron File, 1989-1993
OA/ID Number:
13807
Folder ID Number:
13807-004
Folder Title:
ASNE [American Society of Newspaper Editors] 4/9/92 [OA 7571] [2]
Stack:
Row:
Section:
Shelf:
Position:
G
26
22
4
4
AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEWSPAPER EDITORS
J.W. MARRIOTT
THURSDAY, APRIL 9, 1992
1:45 P.M.
02 APR 9 PI: 02
THANK YOU, DAVE [LAWRENCE]. MY THANKS TO THE
MEMBERS OF YOUR BOARD -- AND TO ALL THE MEMBERS OF ASNE
FOR INVITING ME TO PARTICIPATE IN YOUR ANNUAL
CONFERENCE. /
EVEN IN THE AGE OF VCRS AND CNN, PEOPLE WHO WANT
TO UNDERSTAND THE TIMES WE LIVE IN STILL TURN TO THE
PRINTED WORD. //
LOOK AROUND THE WORLD TODAY. THINK OF THE PAGE
ONE STORIES OF THE PAST FEW YEARS. OUR VICTORY IN THE
COLD WAR. THE COLLAPSE OF IMPERIAL COMMUNISM. THE
LIBERATION OF KUWAIT. THINK OF THE GREAT REVOLUTIONS
OF '89 THAT BROUGHT DOWN THE BERLIN WALL -- BROKE THE
CHAINS OF COMMUNISM - -- AND BROUGHT A NEW WORLD OF
FREEDOM TO EASTERN EUROPE. THINK OF THE ROLE THIS
NATION PLAYED IN EVERY ONE OF THESE GREAT TRIUMPHS --
THE SACRIFICES WE MADE, THE SENSE OF MISSION THAT
CARRIED US THROUGH.
- 2 -
EACH DAY BRINGS NEW CHANGES: NEW REALITIES -- NEW
HOPES -- NEW HORIZONS. IN THE PAST SIX MONTHS ALONE,
WE'VE RECOGNIZED 18 BRAND NEW NATIONS. THE BULK OF
THOSE NATIONS ARE BORN OF ONE MOMENTOUS EVENT: THE
COLLAPSE OF SOVIET COMMUNISM.
I WANT TO TALK TODAY ABOUT THE MOST IMPORTANT
FOREIGN POLICY OPPORTUNITY OF OUR TIME -- AN
OPPORTUNITY THAT WILL AFFECT THE SECURITY AND THE
FUTURE OF EVERY AMERICAN, YOUNG AND OLD, THROUGHOUT
THIS DECADE. THE DEMOCRATIC REVOLUTIONS UNDERWAY IN
RUSSIA, IN ARMENIA, UKRAINE AND IN THE OTHER NEW
NATIONS OF THE OLD SOVIET EMPIRE REPRESENT THE BEST
HOPE FOR REAL PEACE IN MY LIFETIME.
SHORTLY AFTER TAKING OFFICE, I OUTLINED A NEW
AMERICAN STRATEGY IN RESPONSE TO THE CHANGES UNDERWAY
IN THE SOVIET UNION AND EAST AND CENTRAL EUROPE: TO
MOVE BEYOND CONTAINMENT - -- TO ENCOURAGE REFORM, TO
ALWAYS SUPPORT FREEDOM FOR THE CAPTIVE NATIONS OF THE
EAST. 11
- 3 -
NOW, AFTER DRAMATIC REVOLUTIONS IN POLAND,
HUNGARY, AND CZECHOSLOVAKIA, / REVOLUTIONS THAT SPREAD
TO ROMANIA, BULGARIA AND EVEN ALBANIA -- AFTER THE
UNIFICATION OF GERMANY IN NATO -- AFTER THE DEMISE OF
THE ONE POWER, THE USSR, THAT THREATENED OUR WAY OF
LIFE -- THAT MISSION HAS BEEN FULFILLED. / THE COLD
WAR IS OVER. THE SPECTER OF NUCLEAR ARMAGEDDON HAS
RECEDED. SOVIET COMMUNISM HAS COLLAPSED - AND IN ITS
WAKE WE FIND OURSELVES ON THE THRESHOLD OF A NEW WORLD
OF OPPORTUNITY AND PEACE.
BUT WITH THE PASSING OF THE COLD WAR, A NEW ORDER
HAS YET TO TAKE ITS PLACE. THE OPPORTUNITIES ARE
GREAT, BUT so TOO ARE THE DANGERS. WE STAND AT
HISTORY'S HINGEPOINT - -- A NEW WORLD BECKONS WHILE THE
GHOSTS OF HISTORY STAND IN THE SHADOWS.
- 4 -
I WANT TO OUTLINE TODAY A NEW MISSION FOR AMERICAN
POLICY TOWARD RUSSIA AND THE OTHER NEW NATIONS OF THE
OLD USSR. IT IS A MISSION THAT CAN ADVANCE OUR
ECONOMIC AND SECURITY INTERESTS, WHILE UPHOLDING THE
PRIMACY OF AMERICAN VALUES -- VALUES WHICH, AS LINCOLN
SAID, ARE THE "LAST, BEST HOPE OF EARTH."
AMERICANS HAVE ALWAYS RESPONDED BEST WHEN A NEW
FRONTIER BECKONED. I BELIEVE THAT THE NEXT FRONTIER
FOR US AND FOR THE GENERATION THAT FOLLOWS IS TO SECURE
A DEMOCRATIC PEACE IN EUROPE AND THE FORMER USSR THAT
WILL ENSURE A LASTING PEACE FOR AMERICA.
THIS DEMOCRATIC PEACE MUST BE FOUNDED ON THE TWIN
PILLARS OF POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC FREEDOM. THE SUCCESS
OF REFORM IN RUSSIA AND UKRAINE, ARMENIA AND
KAZAKHSTAN, BYELARUS AND THE BALTICS WILL BE THE SINGLE
BEST GUARANTEE OF OUR SECURITY, OUR PROSPERITY AND OUR
VALUES. AFTER THE LONG COLD WAR, THIS MUCH IS CLEAR:
DEMOCRATS IN THE KREMLIN CAN ASSURE OUR SECURITY IN A
WAY NUCLEAR MISSILES NEVER COULD.
- 5 -
MUCH OF MY ADMINISTRATION'S FOREIGN POLICY HAS
BEEN DEDICATED TO WINNING THE COLD WAR PEACEFULLY. THE
NEXT FOUR YEARS MUST BE DEDICATED TO BUILDING A
DEMOCRATIC PEACE NOT SIMPLY FOR THOSE OF US WHO
LIVED THROUGH THE COLD WAR AND WON IT, BUT FOR
GENERATIONS TO COME.
FROM THE FIRST MOMENTS OF THE COLD WAR, OUR
MISSION WAS CONTAINMENT -- TO USE THE COMBINED
RESOURCES OF THE WEST TO CHECK THE EXPANSIONIST AIMS OF
THE SOVIET EMPIRE. IT HAS BEEN MY POLICY AS PRESIDENT
TO MOVE BEYOND CONTAINMENT -- TO USE THE POWER OF
AMERICA AND THE WEST TO END THE COLD WAR WITH FREEDOM'S
VICTORY. //
TODAY, WE HAVE REACHED A TURNING POINT. WE HAVE
DEFEATED IMPERIAL COMMUNISM. WE HAVE NOT YET WON THE
VICTORY FOR DEMOCRACY.
- 6 -
THIS DEMOCRATIC PEACE WILL NOT BE EASILY WON. THE
WEIGHT OF HISTORY - SEVENTY-FOUR YEARS OF COMMUNIST
MIS-RULE IN THE FORMER USSR -- TELL US THAT DEMOCRACY
AND ECONOMIC FREEDOM WILL BE YEARS IN THE BUILDING.
AMERICA MUST THEREFORE RESOLVE THAT OUR COMMITMENT BE
EQUALLY FIRM AND LASTING.
WITH THIS COMMITMENT, WE HAVE THE CHANCE TO BUILD
A VERY DIFFERENT WORLD - -- A WORLD BUILT ON THE COMMON
VALUES OF POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC FREEDOM BETWEEN RUSSIA
AND AMERICA, BETWEEN EAST AND WEST. AT LONG LAST, A
PEACE BUILT ON MUTUAL TRUST -- NOT MUTUAL TERROR. //
TODAY, WE FIND OURSELVES IN AN ALMOST UNIMAGINABLE
WORLD WHERE DEMOCRATS, NOT COMMUNISTS, HOLD POWER IN
MOSCOW AND KIEV AND YEREVAN. A NEW WORLD WHERE A NEW
BREED OF LEADERS -- BORIS YELTSIN, LEVON TER-PETROSIAN,
LEONID KRAVCHUK AND ASKAR AKAYEV AMONG OTHERS -- ARE
PUSHING FORWARD TO REFORM. //
- 7 -
THEY SEEK TO REPLACE THE RULE OF FORCE WITH THE
RULE OF LAW. / THEY SEEK FOR THE FIRST TIME IN THEIR
COUNTRIES' HISTORIES NOT TO IMPOSE RULE IN THE NAME OF
THE PEOPLE, BUT TO BUILD GOVERNMENTS OF, BY, AND FOR
THE PEOPLE. / THEY SEEK A FUTURE OF FREE AND OPEN
MARKETS WHERE ECONOMIC RIGHTS REST IN THE HANDS OF
INDIVIDUALS -- NOT ON THE WHIMS OF CENTRAL PLANNERS. /
THEY SEEK PARTNERSHIPS AND ALLIANCES WITH US -- AND AN
END TO COMPETITION AND CONFLICT.
OUR VALUES ARE THEIR VALUES. AND IN THIS TIME OF
TRANSITION -- THEY SEEK OUR HELP.
IF WE ARE TO ACT, WE MUST SEE CLEARLY WHAT IS AT
STAKE.
- 8 -
FORTY YEARS AGO, AMERICANS HAD THE VISION AND THE
GOOD SENSE TO HELP DEFEATED ENEMIES BACK TO THEIR FEET
-- AS DEMOCRACIES. WHAT A WISE INVESTMENT THAT PROVED
TO BE. THOSE WE HELPED BECAME CLOSE ALLIES AND MAJOR
TRADING PARTNERS. OUR CHOICE TODAY IS JUST AS CLEAR.
WITH OUR HELP, RUSSIA, UKRAINE AND OTHER NEW STATES CAN
BECOME DEMOCRATIC FRIENDS AND PARTNERS. AND LET ME SAY
HERE: THEY WILL HAVE OUR HELP. //
WHAT DIFFERENCE CAN THIS MAKE FOR AMERICA? WE CAN
PUT BEHIND US FOR GOOD THE NUCLEAR CONFRONTATION THAT
HAS HELD OUR VERY CIVILIZATION HOSTAGE FOR OVER FOUR
DECADES. THE THREAT OF A MAJOR GROUND WAR IN WESTERN
EUROPE HAS DISAPPEARED WITH THE DEMISE OF THE WARSAW
PACT.
- 9 -
A DEMOCRATIC RUSSIA IS THE BEST GUARANTEE AGAINST
A RENEWED DANGER OF COMPETITION, AND THE THREAT OF
NUCLEAR RIVALRY. THE FAILURE OF THE DEMOCRATIC
EXPERIMENT COULD BRING A DARK FUTURE -- A RETURN TO
AUTHORITARIANISM, OR A DESCENT INTO ANARCHY. IN EITHER
CASE, THE OUTCOME WOULD THREATEN OUR PEACE, OUR
PROSPERITY AND OUR SECURITY -- FOR YEARS TO COME. //
BUT WE SHOULD FOCUS NOT ON THE DANGERS OF FAILURE
-- BUT ON THE DIVIDENDS OF SUCCESS.
- 10 -
FIRST, WE CAN REAP A GENUINE PEACE DIVIDEND YEAR
AFTER YEAR IN THE FORM OF PERMANENTLY REDUCED DEFENSE
BUDGETS. ALREADY, WE'VE PROPOSED $50 BILLION DOLLARS
WORTH OF DEFENSE SPENDING REDUCTIONS BETWEEN NOW AND
1997. THAT CUT COMES ON TOP OF SAVINGS TOTALLING $267
BILLION DOLLARS -- MORE THAN A QUARTER OF A TRILLION
DOLLARS -- IN PROJECTED DEFENSE EXPENDITURES SINCE THE
FALL OF THE BERLIN WALL. // MAKE NO MISTAKE: I WILL
NOT MAKE RECKLESS DEFENSE CUTS THAT IMPAIR OUR NATIONAL
SECURITY. //
SECOND, WORKING WITH OUR RUSSIAN PARTNERS AND OUR
ALLIES WE CAN CREATE A NEW INTERNATIONAL LANDSCAPE -- A
LANDSCAPE WHERE EMERGING THREATS ARE CONTAINED AND
UNDONE, WHERE WE WORK IN CONCERT TO CONFRONT COMMON
THREATS TO OUR ENVIRONMENT, WHERE TERRORISTS FIND NO
SAFE HAVEN, AND WHERE GENUINE COALITIONS OF LIKE-MINDED
COUNTRIES RESPOND TO DANGERS AND OPPORTUNITIES
TOGETHER.
- 11 -
AND FINALLY, THIRD: THE TRIUMPH OF FREE
GOVERNMENTS AND FREE MARKETS IN THE OLD SOVIET UNION
WILL MEAN EXTENSIVE OPPORTUNITIES FOR GLOBAL TRADE AND
ECONOMIC GROWTH. //
A DEMOCRATIC RUSSIA -- ONE DEDICATED TO FREE
MARKET ECONOMIES -- WILL PROVIDE AN IMPETUS FOR A MAJOR
INCREASE IN GLOBAL TRADE AND INVESTMENT. THE PEOPLE OF
THE FORMER SOVIET UNION ARE WELL-SCHOOLED AND HIGHLY-
SKILLED. THEY SEEK FOR THEIR FAMILIES THE SAME BETTER
FUTURE EACH OF US WISHES FOR OUR OWN. TOGETHER, THEY
FORM A POTENTIALLY VAST MARKET THAT CROSSES 11 TIME
ZONES AND COMPRISES NEARLY 300 MILLION PEOPLE. NO
ECONOMIST CAN PIN-POINT THE VALUE OF TRADE
OPPORTUNITIES WE HOPE TO HAVE -- BUT THE POTENTIAL FOR
PROSPERITY IS GREAT. INCREASED TRADE MEANS VAST NEW
MARKETS FOR AMERICAN GOODS, NEW OPPORTUNITIES FOR
AMERICAN ENTREPRENEURS, AND NEW JOBS FOR AMERICAN
WORKERS. //
- 12 -
I AM COMMITTED TO GIVING AMERICAN BUSINESS EVERY
POSSIBLE OPPORTUNITY TO COMPETE FAIRLY AND EQUALLY IN
THESE NEW MARKETS. FOR EXAMPLE, LAST WEEK I ASKED THE
CONGRESS TO REPEAL THE STEVENSON AND BYRD AMENDMENTS
THAT LIMIT THE EXPORT-IMPORT BANK'S ABILITY TO HELP
PROMOTE AMERICAN EXPORTS TO THE FORMER USSR -- AND I AM
PLEASED THAT CONGRESS HAS ACTED. I AM ALSO SEEKING TO
CONCLUDE TRADE, BILATERAL INVESTMENT, AND TAX TREATIES
WITH EACH OF THE NEW COMMONWEALTH STATES. THE FIRST
AGREEMENT -- BETWEEN THE U.S. AND ARMENIA -- WAS SIGNED
LAST WEEK, AND WE EXPECT MORE TO FOLLOW.
- 13 -
RUSSIAN DEMOCRACY IS IN AMERICA'S INTEREST. IT IS
ALSO IN KEEPING WITH THIS NATION'S GUIDING IDEALS.
ACROSS THE BOUNDARIES OF LANGUAGE AND CULTURE, ACROSS
THE COLD WAR CHASM OF MISTRUST, WE FEEL THE PULL OF
COMMON VALUES. IN THE ORDEAL OF THE LONG-SUFFERING
PEOPLES OF THE SOVIET EMPIRE WE SEE GLIMPSES OF THIS
NATION'S PAST. IN THEIR HOPES AND DREAMS -- WE SEE OUR
OWN.
THIS IS AN ARTICLE OF THE AMERICAN CREED: FREEDOM
IS NOT THE SPECIAL PRESERVE OF ONE NATION -- IT IS THE
BIRTHRIGHT OF MEN AND WOMEN EVERYWHERE. WE HAVE ALWAYS
DREAMED OF THE DAY DEMOCRACY AND FREEDOM WILL TRIUMPH
IN EVERY CORNER OF THE WORLD, IN EVERY CAPTIVE NATION
AND CLOSED SOCIETY. THIS MAY NEVER HAPPEN IN OUR
LIFETIMES -- BUT IT CAN HAPPEN NOW FOR THE MILLIONS OF
PEOPLE WHO FOR so LONG SUFFERED UNDER SOVIET RULE.
- 14 -
SOME MAY SAY THIS VIEW OF THE FUTURE IS
UNREALISTIC. WELL LET ME REMIND YOU THAT THREE OF OUR
LEADING PARTNERS IN HELPING DEMOCRACY SUCCEED IN RUSSIA
ARE NONE OTHER THAN GERMANY, JAPAN AND ITALY. IF WE
CAN NOW BRING RUSSIA INTO THE COMMUNITY OF FREE NATIONS
WHO SHARE AMERICAN IDEALS, WE WILL HAVE REDEEMED HOPE
IN A CENTURY THAT HAS KNOWN so MUCH SUFFERING. //
IT IS NOT INEVITABLE, AS DE TOQUEVILLE WROTE, THAT
AMERICA AND RUSSIA WERE DESTINED TO STRUGGLE FOR GLOBAL
SUPREMACY. TOQUEVILLE ONLY KNEW A DESPOTIC RUSSIA.
BUT WE SEE, AND CAN HELP SECURE, A DEMOCRATIC RUSSIA.
ONE OF AMERICA'S GREATEST ACHIEVEMENTS IN THIS
CENTURY HAS BEEN OUR LEADERSHIP OF A REMARKABLE
COMMUNITY OF NATIONS -- THE FREE WORLD. THIS COMMUNITY
IS DEMOCRATIC, STABLE, PROSPEROUS, COOPERATIVE AND
INTERDEPENDENT -- AND AMERICA IS THE BETTER FOR IT. WE
HAVE STRONG ALLIES. WE HAVE ENORMOUS TRADE. WE ARE
SAFER AS A RESULT OF OUR COMMITMENT TO THIS FREE WORLD.
- 15 -
NOW, WE MUST EXPAND THIS MOST SUCCESSFUL OF
COMMUNITIES TO INCLUDE OUR FORMER ADVERSARIES. THIS IS
GOOD FOR AMERICA. A WORLD THAT TRADES WITH US BRINGS
GREATER PROSPERITY. A WORLD THAT SHARES OUR VALUES
STRENGTHENS THE PEACE.
THIS IS THE WORLD THAT LIES BEFORE US. THIS IS
THE WORLD THAT CAN BE ACHIEVED IF WE HAVE THE VISION TO
REACH FOR IT. THIS IS THE PEACE WE MUST NOT LOSE.
THIS IS WHAT WE ARE DOING RIGHT NOW TO WIN THIS
PEACE:
- 16 -
STRATEGICALLY, WE ARE MOVING WITH THE RUSSIANS TO
REACH HISTORIC NUCLEAR REDUCTIONS. WE HAVE URGED
SPEEDY RATIFICATION OF START AND CFE -- AND ARE WORKING
WITH ALL THE NEW STATES TO PREVENT THE SPREAD OF
WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION. WE ARE OFFERING OUR HELP
IN NUCLEAR WEAPONS SAFETY, SECURITY AND DISMANTLEMENT.
WE ARE ENGAGED IN AN INTENSIVE PROGRAM OF MILITARY-TO-
MILITARY EXCHANGES TO STRENGTHEN THE TIES BETWEEN OUR
TWO MILITARIES -- INDEED TO BUILD UNPRECEDENTED DEFENSE
COOPERATION -- COOPERATION THAT WOULD HAVE BEEN
UNTHINKABLE A FEW SHORT MONTHS AGO.
POLITICALLY, WE'RE REACHING OUT so AMERICA -- AND
AMERICAN VALUES -- WILL BE WELL REPRESENTED IN THESE
NEW LANDS. WE ARE THE ONLY COUNTRY WITH EMBASSIES IN
ALL OF THE FORMER REPUBLICS. WE ARE PLANNING TO BRING
"AMERICA HOUSES" AND AMERICAN EXPERTISE TO THE FORMER
USSR, TO SEND HUNDREDS OF PEACE CORPS VOLUNTEERS TO
HELP CREATE SMALL BUSINESSES, TO LAUNCH MAJOR EXCHANGES
OF STUDENTS, PROFESSIONALS AND SCIENTISTS SO THAT OUR
PEOPLES CAN ESTABLISH THE BONDS SO IMPORTANT TO
PERMANENT PEACE. //
- 17 -
ECONOMICALLY, WORKING WITH THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITY
AND MANY OTHER COUNTRIES, WE ORGANIZED A GLOBAL
COALITION TO PROVIDE URGENTLY-NEEDED EMERGENCY FOOD AND
MEDICAL SUPPLIES THIS PAST WINTER. WE WILL NOW SEND
AMERICANS TO HELP PROMOTE IMPROVEMENTS IN FOOD
DISTRIBUTION, ENERGY, DEFENSE CONVERSION AND
DEMOCRATIZATION. I HAVE SENT CONGRESS THE FREEDOM
SUPPORT ACT -- A COMPREHENSIVE AND INTEGRATED
LEGISLATIVE PACKAGE THAT WILL PROVIDE NEW OPPORTUNITIES
TO SUPPORT FREEDOM, AND REPEAL ALL COLD WAR
LEGISLATION. IN ITS KEY FEATURES, THIS BILL ASKS
CONGRESS TO MEET MY REQUEST FOR $620 MILLION TO FUND
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PROJECTS IN THE FORMER USSR. AND
IT URGES CONGRESS TO INCREASE THE U.S. QUOTA IN THE IMF
BY $12 BILLION DOLLARS.
I PLEDGE TO WORK WITH THE CONGRESS ON A BIPARTISAN
BASIS TO PASS THIS ACT. I WANT TO SIGN THIS BILL INTO
LAW BEFORE MY JUNE SUMMIT WITH PRESIDENT YELTSIN. 11
- 18 -
JUST AS THE REWARDS OF THIS NEW WORLD WILL BELONG
TO NO ONE NATION, so TOO THE BURDEN DOES NOT FALL TO
AMERICA ALONE.
TOGETHER WITH OUR ALLIES, WE HAVE
DEVELOPED A $24 BILLION PACKAGE OF FINANCIAL
ASSISTANCE. ITS AIM: TO PROVIDE URGENTLY NEEDED
SUPPORT FOR PRESIDENT YELTSIN'S REFORMS.
OURS IS A POLICY OF COLLECTIVE ENGAGEMENT AND
SHARED RESPONSIBILITY. WORKING WITH THE G-7, THE IMF
AND THE WORLD BANK, WE ARE SEEKING TO HELP PROMOTE THE
ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION so CENTRAL TO AN ENDURING
DEMOCRATIC PEACE. FORTY-FIVE YEARS AFTER THEIR
FOUNDING, THE BRETTON WOODS INSTITUTIONS WE CREATED
AFTER WORLD WAR II ARE NOW SERVING THEIR ORIGINAL
PURPOSE. BY WORKING WITH OTHERS WE'RE SHARING THE
BURDEN RESPONSIBLY AND ACTING IN THE BEST INTERESTS OF
THE AMERICAN TAXPAYER.
I KNOW THAT BROAD PUBLIC SUPPORT WILL BE CRITICAL
TO OUR EFFORT TO GET THIS PROGRAM PASSED.
- 19 -
so LET ME SAY SOMETHING TO THOSE WHO SAY: YES,
THE PEOPLE OF RUSSIA AND ALL ACROSS THE OLD SOVIET
EMPIRE ARE STRUGGLING. YES, WE WANT TO SEE THEM
SUCCEED, TO JOIN THE DEMOCRATIC COMMUNITY. BUT WHAT
ABOUT US -- WHAT ABOUT THE CHALLENGES AND DEMANDS WE
MUST MEET RIGHT HERE IN AMERICA? ISN'T IT TIME WE TOOK
CARE OF OUR OWN?
TO THEM I SAY: PEACE AND PROSPERITY ARE IN THE
INTEREST OF EVERY AMERICAN -- EACH ONE OF US ALIVE
TODAY, AND ALL THE GENERATIONS THAT WILL FOLLOW.
AS A NATION, WE SPENT MORE THAN FOUR TRILLION
DOLLARS TO WAGE AND WIN THE COLD WAR. COMPARED TO SUCH
MONUMENTAL SACRIFICE, THE COSTS OF PROMOTING DEMOCRACY
WILL BE A FRACTION -- AND THE CONSEQUENCES FOR OUR
PEACE AND PROSPERITY BEYOND MEASURE.
AMERICA MUST TAKE THE LEAD IN CREATING THIS NEW
WORLD OF PEACE.
- 20 -
THREE TIMES THIS CENTURY, AMERICA HAS BEEN CALLED
ON TO HELP CONSTRUCT A LASTING PEACE IN EUROPE.
SEVENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO THIS MONTH, THE UNITED STATES
ENTERED WORLD WAR I TO TIP THE BALANCE AGAINST
AGGRESSION. YET WITH THE BATTLE WON, AMERICA WITHDREW
ACROSS THE OCEAN -- AND THE "WAR TO END ALL WARS"
PRODUCED A PEACE THAT DID NOT LAST A GENERATION.
INDEED, BY THE TIME I WAS BORN IN 1924, THE PEACE WAS
ALREADY UNRAVELLING. GERMANY'S ECONOMIC CHAOS SOON LED
TO FASCIST DICTATORSHIP. THE SEEDS OF ANOTHER, MORE
TERRIBLE WAR WERE SOWN.
STILL, THE ISOLATIONIST IMPULSE REMAINED STRONG.
YEARS LATER, AS THE NAZIS BEGAN THEIR MARCH ACROSS THE
CONTINENT, I CAN STILL REMEMBER THE EDITORIALS HERE IN
THE U.S., TALKING ABOUT "EUROPE'S WAR" -- AS IF AMERICA
COULD CLOSE ITSELF OFF, AS IF WE COULD ISOLATE
OURSELVES FROM THE WORLD BEYOND OUR SHORES.
AS A CONSEQUENCE, WE FOUGHT THE MOST COSTLY WAR IN
THE HISTORY OF MAN -- A WAR THAT CLAIMED THE LIVES OF
COUNTLESS MILLIONS.
- 21 -
AT WAR'S END, ONCE AGAIN WE SAW THE PROSPECT OF A
NEW WORLD ON THE HORIZON -- BUT THE GREAT VICTORY OVER
FASCISM QUICKLY GAVE WAY TO THE GRIM REALITY OF THE NEW
COMMUNIST THREAT.
WE ARE FORTUNATE THAT OUR POSTWAR LEADERS,
DEMOCRATS AND REPUBLICANS ALIKE, DID NOT FORGET THE
LESSONS OF THE PAST IN BUILDING THE PEACE OF THE NEXT
FOUR DECADES. THEY SHAPED A COALITION THAT KEPT
AMERICA ENGAGED - THAT KEPT THE PEACE THROUGH THE LONG
TWILIGHT STRUGGLE AGAINST SOVIET COMMUNISM. AND THEY
TAUGHT THE LESSON WE MUST HEED TODAY: THAT THE NOBLEST
MISSION OF THE VICTOR IS TO TURN AN ENEMY INTO A
FRIEND. //
NOW, AMERICA FACES A THIRD OPPORTUNITY TO PROVIDE
THE KIND OF LASTING PEACE THAT FOR SO LONG ELUDED US.
AT THIS DEFINING MOMENT, I KNOW WHERE I STAND. I STAND
FOR AMERICAN ENGAGEMENT IN SUPPORT OF A DEMOCRATIC
PEACE, A PEACE THAT CAN SECURE FOR THE NEXT GENERATION
A WORLD FREE FROM WAR AND CONFLICT.
- 22 -
AFTER A HALF-CENTURY OF FEAR AND MISTRUST,
AMERICA, RUSSIA AND THE NEW NATIONS OF THE FORMER USSR
MUST BECOME PARTNERS IN PEACE. AFTER A HALF-CENTURY OF
COLD WAR AND HARSH WORDS - -- WE MUST SPEAK AND ACT ON
COMMON VALUES. AFTER A HALF-CENTURY OF ARMED AND
UNEASY PEACE - -- WE MUST MOVE FORWARD TOWARD A NEW WORLD
OF FREEDOM, COOPERATION, RECONCILIATION AND HOPE. 11
THANK YOU ALL FOR INVITING ME TODAY. / MAY GOD
BLESS THE FREE PEOPLES OF THE FORMER SOVIET EMPIRE --
AND MAY GOD BLESS THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
# # #
Let me thank the members
of your board-
12:15 p
Draft Six
and
April 9, 1992
all The
PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEWSPAPER EDITORS
Thursday, April 9, 1992; 1:45 p.m.
Thank you,
{Acknow edgements of ASNE leadership.} Even in the age of
The membersh ASNE
VCRs and CNN, people who want to understand the times we live in for
still turn to the printed word. 11
nill
Look around the world today. Think of the Page One stories
of the past few years. Our victory in the Cold War. The
collapse of imperial communism. The liberation of Kuwait. Think
of the great Revolutions of '89 that brought down the Berlin Wall
-- broke the chains of communism -- and brought a new world of
freedom to Eastern Europe. Think of the role this nation played
in every one of these great triumphs -- the sacrifices we made,
corpoun,
the sense of mission that carried us through.
Each day brings new changes: new realities -- new hopes --
new horizons. In the past six months alone, we've recognized 18
brand new nations. The bulk of those nations are born of one
momentous event: the collapse of Soviet communism.
I want to talk today about the most important foreign policy
opportunity of our time -- an opportunity that will affect the
security and the future of every American, young and old,
throughout this decade. The democratic revolutions underway in
Russia, in Armenia, Ukraine and in the other new nations of the
old Soviet empire represent the best hope for real peace in my
lifetime.
Shortly after taking office, I outlined a new American
strategy in response to the changes underway in the Soviet Union
2
and East and Central Europe: to move beyond containment -- to
encourage reform, to always support freedom for the captive
nations of the East. //
Now, after dramatic revolutions in Poland, Hungary, and
Czechoslovakia, / revolutions that spread to Romania, Bulgaria
and even Albania -- after the unification of Germany in NATO --
after the demise of the one power, the USSR, that threatened our
way of life -- that mission has been fulfilled. / The Cold War
is over. The specter of nuclear armageddon has receded. Soviet
Communism has collapsed -- and in its wake we find ourselves on
the threshold of a new world of opportunity and peace.
But with the passing of the Cold War, a new order has yet to
take its place. The opportunities are great, but so too are the
dangers. We stand at history's hingepoint -- a new world beckons
while the ghosts of history stand in the shadows.
I want to outline today a new mission for American policy
toward Russia and the other new nations of the old USSR. It is a
mission that can advance our economic and security interests,
while upholding the primacy of American values -- values which,
as Lincoln said, are the "last, best hope of Earth."
Americans have always responded best when a new frontier
beckoned. I believe that the next frontier for us and for the
generation that follows is to secure a democratic peace in Europe
and the former USSR that will ensure a lasting peace for America.
This democratic peace must be founded on the twin pillars of
political and economic freedom. The success of reform in Russia
3
and Ukraine, Armenia and Kazakhstan, Byelarus and the Baltics
will be the single best guarantee of our security, our prosperity
and our values. After the long Cold War, this much is clear:
Democrats in the Kremlin can assure our security in a way nuclear
missiles never could.
Much of my Administration's foreign policy has been
dedicated to winning the Cold War peacefully. The next four
years must be dedicated to building a democratic peace -- not
simply for those of us who lived through the Cold War and won it,
but for generations to come.
From the first moments of the Cold War, our mission was
containment -- to use the combined resources of the West to check
the expansionist aims of the Soviet empire. It has been my
policy as President to move beyond containment -- to use the
power of America and the West to end the Cold War with freedom's
victory. //
Today, we have reached a turning point. We have defeated
imperial communism. We have not yet won the victory for
democracy.
This democratic peace will not be easily won. The weight of
history -- seventy-four years of Communist mis-rule in the former
USSR -- tell us that democracy and economic freedom will be years
in the building. America must therefore resolve that our
commitment be equally firm and lasting.
With this commitment, we have the chance to build a very
different world -- a world built on the common values of
4
political and economic freedom between Russia and America,
between East and West. At long last, a peace built on mutual
trust -- not mutual terror. 11
Today, we find ourselves in an almost unimaginable world
where democrats, not communists, hold power in Moscow and Kiev
and Yerevan. A new world where a new breed of leaders -- Boris
Yeltsin, Levon Ter-Petrosian, Leonid Kravchuk and Askar Akayev
among others -- are pushing forward to reform. //
They seek to replace the rule of force with the rule of law.
/ They seek for the first time in their countries' histories not
to impose rule in the name of the people, but to build
governments of, by, and for the people. / They seek a future of
free and open markets where economic rights rest in the hands of
individuals -- not on the whims of central planners. / They
seek partnerships and alliances with us -- and an end to
competition and conflict.
Our values are their values. And in this time of transition
-- they seek our help.
If we are to act, we must see clearly what is at stake.
Forty years ago, Americans had the vision and the good sense
to help defeated enemies back to their feet -- as democracies.
What a wise investment that proved to be. Those we helped became
close allies and major trading partners. Our choice today is
just as clear. With our help, Russia, Ukraine and other new
states can become democratic friends and partners. And let me
say here: they will have our help. 11
5
What difference can this make for America?
First
we
can
put behind us for good the nuclear confrontation that has held
our very civilization hostage for over four decades. The threat
of a major ground war in Western Europe has disappeared with the
demise of the Warsaw Pact.
A democratic Russia is the best guarantee against a renewed
danger of competition, and the threat of nuclear rivalry. The
failure of the democratic experiment could bring a dark future -
- a return to authoritarianism, or a descent into anarchy. In
either case, the outcome would threaten our peace, our prosperity
and our security -- for years to come. 11
But we should focus not on the dangers of failure -- but on
the dividends of success.
Second, we can reap a genuine peace dividend year after year
in the form of permanently reduced defense budgets. Already,
we've proposed $50 billion dollars worth of defense spending
reductions between now and 1997. That cut comes on top of
savings totalling $267 billion dollars -- more than a quarter of
a trillion dollars -- in projected defense expenditures before
the fall of the Berlin Wall. // Make no mistake: I will not
make reckless defense cuts that impair our national security.
Defense cuts on this scale means we can reduce that massive
budget deficit -- and that will be good for our economy. //
Third
working with our Russian partners and our allies we
can create a new international landscape -- a landscape where
emerging threats are contained and undone, where we work in
6
concert to confront common threats to our environment, where
terrorists find no safe haven, and where genuine coalitions of
like-minded countries respond to dangers and opportunities
together.
free markets in the Third old Soviet Union will mean major excevoive
And finally
the triumph of free governments and
opportunities for global trade econ growth
//
A democratic Russia -- one dedicated to free market
economies -- will provide an impetus for a major increase in
global trade and investment. The people of the former Soviet
Union are well-schooled and highly-skilled. They seek for their
families the same better future each of us wishes for our own.
Together, they form a potentially vast market that crosses 11
time zones and comprises nearly 300 million people. No economist
can pin-point the value of trade opportunities we hope to have -
- but the potential for prosperity is great. Increased trade
means vast new markets for American goods, new opportunities for
American entrepreneurs, and new jobs for American workers. //
I am committed to giving American business every possible
opportunity to compete fairly and equally in these new markets.
Las week d where
For example, I have asked the Congress to repeal the Stevenson
and Byrd amendments that limit the Export-Import Bank's ability
to help promote American exports to the former USSR. I am also
seeking to conclude trade, bilateral investment, and tax treaties
with each of the new Commonwealth states. The first agreement -
--ANDI
Am PLEASED
THAT CONGRESS
HAS ACTED.
9
the only country with Embassies in all of the former republics.
We are planning to bring "America Houses" and American expertise
to the former USSR, to send hundreds of Peace Corps volunteers to
help create small businesses, to launch major exchanges of
students, professionals and scientists so that our peoples can
establish the bonds so important to permanent peace. //
Economically, working with the European Community and many
other countries, we organized a global coalition to provide
urgently-needed emergency food and medical supplies this past
winter. We will now send Americans to help promote improvements
in food distribution, energy, defense conversion and
democratization. I have sent Congress the Freedom Support Act -
- a comprehensive and integrated legislative package that will
provide new opportunities to support freedom, and repeal all Cold
War legislation. In its key features, this bill asks Congress to
meet my request for $620 million to fund technical assistance
projects in the former USSR. And it urges Congress to increase
the U.S. quota in the IMF by $12 billion dollars.
I pledge to work with the Congress on a bipartisan basis to
pass this act. I want to sign this bill into law before my June
summit with President Yeltsin. //
Just as the rewards of this new world will belong to no one
nation, so too the burden does not fall to America alone.
Together with our allies, we have developed a $24 billion package
of financial assistance. Its aim: to provide urgently needed
support for President Yeltsin's reforms.
7
- between the U.S. and Armenia -- was signed last week, and we
expect more to follow.
Russian democracy is in America's interest. It is also in
keeping with this nation's guiding ideals. Across the boundaries
of language and culture, across the Cold War chasm of mistrust,
we feel the pull of common values. In the ordeal of the long-
suffering peoples of the Soviet empire we see glimpses of this
nation's past. In their hopes and dreams -- we see our own.
This is an article of the American creed: Freedom is not
the special preserve of one nation -- it is the birthright of men
and women everywhere. We have always dreamed of the day
democracy and freedom will triumph in every corner of the world,
in every captive nation and closed society. This may never
happen in our lifetimes -- but it can happen now for the millions
of people who for so long suffered under Soviet rule.
Some may say this view of the future is unrealistic. Well
let me remind you that three of our leading partners in helping
democracy succeed in Russia are none other than Germany, Japan
and Italy. If we can now bring Russia into the community of free
nations who share American ideals, we will have redeemed hope in
a century that has known so much suffering. 11
It is not inevitable, as de Toqueville wrote, that America
and Russia were destined to struggle for global supremacy.
Toqueville only knew a despotic Russia. But we see, and can help
secure, a democratic Russia.
8
One of America's greatest achievements in this century has
been our leadership of a remarkable community of nations -- the
free world. This community is democratic, stable, prosperous,
cooperative and interdependent -- and America is the better for
it. We have strong allies. We have enormous trade. We are
safer as a result of our commitment to this free world.
Now, we must expand this most successful of communities to
include our former adversaries. This is good for America. A
world that trades with us brings greater prosperity. A world
that shares our values strengthens the peace.
This is the world that lies before us. This is the world
that can be achieved if we have the vision to reach for it. This
is the peace we must not lose.
This is what we are doing right now to win this peace:
Strategically, we are moving with the Russians to reach
historic nuclear reductions. We have urged speedy ratification
of START and CFE -- and are working with all the new states to
prevent the spread of weapons of mass destruction. We are
offering our help in nuclear weapons safety, security and
dismantlement. We are engaged in an intensive program of
military-to-military exchanges to strengthen the ties between our
two militaries -- indeed to build unprecedented defense
cooperation -- cooperation that would have been unthinkable a few
short months ago.
Politically, we're reaching out so America -- and American
values -- will be well represented in these new lands. We are
10
Ours is a policy of collective engagement and shared
responsibility. Working with the G-7, the IMF and the World
Bank, we are seeking to help promote the economic transformation
so central to an enduring democratic peace. Forty-five years
after their founding, the Bretton Woods institutions we created
after World War II are now serving their original purpose. By
working with others we're sharing the burden responsibly and
acting in the best interests of the American taxpayer.
I know that broad public support will be critical to our
effort to get this program passed.
So let me say something to those who say: yes, the people
of Russia and all across the old Soviet empire are struggling.
Yes, we want to see them succeed, to join the democratic
community. But what about us -- what about the challenges and
demands we must meet right here in America? Isn't it time we
took care of our own?
To them I say: peace and prosperity are in the interest of
every American -- each one of us alive today, and all the
generations that will follow.
As a nation, we spent more than four trillion dollars to
wage and win the Cold War. Compared to such monumental
sacrifice, the costs of promoting democracy will be a fraction -
- and the consequences for our peace and prosperity beyond
measure.
America must take the lead in creating this new world of
peace.
11
Three times this century, America has been called on to help
construct a lasting peace in Europe. Seventy-five years ago this
month, the United States entered World War I to tip the balance
against aggression. Yet with the battle won, America withdrew
across the ocean -- and the "war to end all wars" produced a
peace that did not last a generation. Indeed, by the time I was
born in 1924, the peace was already unravelling. Germany's
economic chaos soon led to fascist dictatorship. The seeds of
another, more terrible war were sown.
Still, the isolationist impulse remained strong. Years
later, as the Nazis began their march across the continent, I can
still remember the editorials here in the U.S., talking about
"Europe's war" -- as if America could close itself off, as if we
could isolate ourselves from the world beyond our shores.
As a consequence, we fought the most costly war in the
history of man -- a war that claimed the lives of countless
millions.
At war's end, once again we saw the prospect of a new world
on the horizon -- but the great victory over fascism quickly gave
way to the grim reality of the new communist threat.
We are fortunate that our postwar leaders, Democrats and
Republicans alike, did not forget the lessons of the past in
building the peace of the next four decades. They shaped a
coalition that kept America engaged -- that kept the peace
through the long twilight struggle against Soviet communism. And
12
they taught the lesson we must heed today: that the noblest
mission of the victor is to turn an enemy into a friend. //
Now, America faces a third opportunity to provide the kind
of lasting peace that for so long eluded us. At this defining
moment, I know where I stand. I stand for American engagement in
support of a democratic peace, a peace that can secure for the
next generation a world free from war and conflict.
After a half-century of fear and mistrust, America, Russia
and the new nations of the former USSR must become partners in
peace. After a half-century of Cold War and harsh words -- we
must speak and act on common values. After a half-century of
armed and uneasy peace -- we must move forward toward a new world
of freedom, cooperation, reconciliation and hope. //
Thank you all for inviting me today. / May God bless the
free peoples of the former Soviet empire -- and may God bless the
United States of America.
# # #
mention Terry Anderson ?
American Society of Newspaper Editors Convention
Greeters and headtable guest for Wednesday April 8, 1992
Meeting managers (need access to rooms)
Lee Houston (Lee) Stinnett, ASNE executive director [405-50-4298, 1/8/39]
Nancy Jean Voller Andiorio, ASNE administrative assistant [165-36-2093
1/28/46]
To greet President Bush at 1:45 p.m.
to walk out w/ PONIS @ and
David (Dave) Lawrence Jr., ASNE president and publisher, Miami Herald [No
middle initial, 267-64-6124 3/5/42]
I
Seymour (Top) Topping, ASNE vice president and director of editorial
development, New York Times Co. [No midle name 095-143-562 12/11/22]
William Arthur (Bill) Hilliard, ASNE secretary and editor, Portland Oregonian
[542-26-1928 5/28/27]
Gregory Elton (Gregory) Favre, ASNE treasurer, convention program chair, and
executive editor, Sacramento Bee [427-58-0882 4-19-35]
William Barnard Ketter, ASNE treasurer-designate, and editor, Quincy (Mass.)
Patriot-Ledger [502-40-5683 2/25/40
Mr. Stinnett
Headtable guests will include ASNE committee leaders:
David Hawpe, Louisville Courier-Journal, Minorities
Tim McGuire, Minneapolis Star Tribune, Press, Bar and Public Affairs
Bob Giles, Detroit News, Freedom of Information
John Seigenthaler, Nashville Tennessean and now heading the First
Amendment Center at Vanderbilt, First Amendment Committee
Bob Haiman, Poynter Institute, International Communication
Alan Horton, Scripps Howard, Ethics
Bob McGruder, Detroit Free Press, Education for Journalism
Loren Ghiglione, Southbridge News, History and Newspapers
C. W. Johnson Jr., Nashville Tennessean, Literacy
Marcia McQuern, Riverside Press-Enterprise, Human Resources
Chris Anderson, Orange County Register, Future of Newspapers
Gregory Favre, Sacramento Bee, Convention Program
Bill Burleigh, Scripps Howard, ASNE Foundation president
Craig Klugman, Fort Wayne Journal-Gazette, Bulletin
Ellen Goodman, Boston Globe, Writing Awards
Bill Ketter, Quincy Patriot Ledger, membership
Beverly Kees, Fresno (Calif.) Bee, Nominations
Thom Greer, Cleveland Plain-Dealer, elections judges
Sandy Rowe, Norfolk Virginian Pilot and Ledger-Star, floor managers
leader
John Wilson, Washington Times, Press Room chair
Wanda Lloyd, USA Today, who is managing the ASNE Reporter
CHECK INDICATES BOARD MEMBER
Can usta or
224
8391
11:30 a
Draft Six
April 9, 1992
PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEWSPAPER EDITORS
Thursday, April 9, 1992; 1:45 p.m.
{Acknowledgements of ASNE leadership.} Even in the age of
VCRs and CNN, people who want to understand the times we live in
still turn to the printed word. //
Look around the world today. Think of the Page One stories
of the past few years. Our victory in the Cold War. The
collapse of imperial communism. The liberation of Kuwait. Think
of the great Revolutions of '89 that brought down the Berlin Wall
-- broke the chains of communism -- and brought a new world of
freedom to Eastern Europe. Think of the role this nation played
in every one of these great triumphs -- the sacrifices we made,
the sense of mission that carried us through.
Each day brings new changes: new realities -- new hopes --
new horizons. In the past six months alone, we've recognized 18
brand new nations. //
C'The bulk of those new nations are born of one momentous
event: the collapse of Soviet communism. 5I want to talk today
about the most important foreign policy opportunity of our time -
- an opportunity that will affect the security and the future of
every American, young and old, throughout this decade. The
democratic revolutions underway in Russia, in Armenia, Ukraine
and in the other new nations of the old Soviet empire represent
the best hope for real peace in my lifetime.
Shortly after taking office, I outlined a new American
strategy in response to the changes underway in the Soviet Union
2
and East and Central Europe: to move beyond containment -- to
encourage reform, to always support freedom for the captive
nations of the East. //
Now, after dramatic revolutions in Poland, Hungary, and
Czechoslovakia, / revolutions that spread to Romania, Bulgaria
and even Albania -- after the unification of Germany in NATO --
after the demise of the one power, the USSR, that threatened our
way of life -- that mission has been fulfilled. / The Cold War
is over. The specter of nuclear armageddon has receded. Soviet
Communism has collapsed -- and in its wake we find ourselves on
the threshold of a new world of opportunity and peace.
But with the passing of the Cold War, a new order has yet to
take its place. The opportunities are great, but so too are the
dangers. We stand at history's hingepoint -- a new world beckons
while the ghosts of history stand in the shadows.
I want to outline today a new mission for American policy
toward Russia and the other new nations of the old USSR. It is a
mission that can advance our economic and security interests,
while upholding the primacy of American values -- values which,
as Lincoln said, are the "last, best hope of Earth. "
Americans have always responded best when a new frontier
beckoned. I believe that the next frontier for us and for the
generation that follows is to secure a democratic peace in Europe
forms USSR
and Eurasia that will ensure a lasting peace for America.
This democratic peace must be founded on the twin pillars of
political and economic freedom. The success of reform in Russia
3
and Ukraine, Armenia and Kazakhstan, Byelarus [BEE-EL-UH-ROOS]
and the Baltics will be the single best guarantee of our
security, our prosperity and our values. After the long Cold
War, this much is clear: Democrats in the Kremlin can assure our
security in a way nuclear missiles never could.
Much of my Administration's foreign policy has been
dedicated to winning the Cold War peacefully. The next four
years must be dedicated to building a democratic peace -- not
simply for those of us who lived through the Cold War and won it,
but for generations to come.
From the first moments of the Cold War, our mission was
containment -- to use the combined resources of the West to check
the expansionist aims of the Soviet empire. It has been my
policy as President to move beyond containment -- to use the
power of America and the West to end the Cold War with freedom's
victory. //
Today, we have reached a turning point. We have defeated
imperial communism. We have not yet won the victory for
democracy.
This democratic peace will not be easily won. The weight of
history -- seventy-four years of Communist mis-rule in the former
USSR -- tell us that democracy and economic freedom will be years
in the building. America must therefore resolve that our
commitment be equally firm and lasting.
With this commitment, we have the chance to build a very
different world -- a world built on the common values of
4
political and economic freedom between Russia and America,
between East and West. At long last, a peace built on mutual
trust -- not mutual terror. //
Today, we find ourselves in an almost unimaginable world
where democrats, not communists, hold power in Moscow and Kiev
and Yerevan. A new world where a new breed of leaders -- Boris
Yeltsin, Levon Ter-Petrosian, Leonid Kravchuk and Askar Akayev
OSCAR A-KI YEV
among others -- are pushing forward to reform. //
They seek to replace the rule of force with the rule of law.
/ They seek for the first time in their countries' histories not
to impose rule in the name of the people, but to build
governments of, by, and for the people. / They seek a future of
free and open markets where economic rights rest in the hands of
individuals -- not on the whims of central planners. / They
seek partnerships and alliances with us -- and an end to
competition and conflict.
Our values are their values. And in this time of transition
-- they seek our help.
If we are to act, we must see clearly what is at stake.
Forty years ago, Americans had the vision and the good sense
to help defeated enemies back to their feet -- as democracies.
What a wise investment that proved to be. Those we helped became
close allies and major trading partners. Our choice today is
just as clear. With our help, Russia can become a democratic
friend and partner. And let me say here: they will have our
help. //
Rusina, Ukmne 3 other new states
not the other
5
What difference can this make for America? First, we can
put behind us for good the nuclear confrontation that has held
our very civilization hostage for over four decades. The threat
of a major ground war in Western Europe has disappeared with the
demise of the Warsaw Pact.
Second, we can reap a genuine peace dividend year after year
in the form of permanently reduced defense budgets. Already,
we've proposed $50 billion dollars worth of defense spending
reductions between now and 1997. That cut comes on top of
savings totalling $267 billion dollars -- more than a quarter of
before
a trillion dollars -- in projected defense expenditures since the
fall of the Berlin Wall. // Make no mistake: Defense cuts on
this scale means ) we can reduce that massive budget deficit -- and
that will be good for our economy. //
Third, working with our Russian partners and our allies we
can create a new international landscape -- a landscape where
emerging threats are contained and undone, where we work in
concert to confront common threats to our environment, where
terrorists find no safe haven, and where genuine coalitions of
like-minded countries respond to dangers and opportunities
together.
And finally, fourth: the triumph of free governments and
free markets in the old Soviet Union will mean major
opportunities for global trade and investment. //
mov
A democratic Russia is the best guarantee against a renewed
danger of competition, and the threat of nuclear rivalry. The
6
failure of the democratic experiment could bring a dark future -
- a return to authoritarianism, or a descent into anarchy. In
either case, the outcome would threaten our peace, our prosperity
and our security -- for years to come. //
But we should focus not on the dangers of failure -- but on
the dividends of success. A democratic Russia -- one dedicated
to free market economies -- will provide an impetus for a major
increase in global trade and investment. The people of the
former Soviet Union are well-schooled and highly-skilled. They
seek for their families the same better future each of us wishes
for our own. Together, they form a potentially vast market that
crosses 11 time zones and comprises nearly 300 million people.
No economist can pin-point the value of trade opportunities we
hope to have -- but the potential for prosperity is great.
Increased trade means vast new markets for American goods, new
opportunities for American entrepreneurs, and new jobs for
American workers. //
I am committed to giving American business every possible
opportunity to compete fairly and equally in these new markets.
For example, I have asked the Congress to repeal the Stevenson
and Byrd amendments that limit the Export-Import Bank's ability
to help promote American exports to the former USSR. I am also
seeking to conclude trade, bilateral investment, and tax treaties
with each of the new Commonwealth states. The first agreement -
- between the U.S. and Armenia -- was signed last week, and we
expect more to follow.
7
Russian democracy is in America's interest. It is also in
keeping with this nation's guiding ideals. Across the boundaries
of language and culture, across the Cold War chasm of mistrust,
we feel the pull of common values. In the ordeal of the long-
suffering peoples of the Soviet empire we see glimpses of this
nation's past. In their hopes and dreams -- we see our own.
This is an article of the American creed: Freedom is not
the special preserve of one nation -- it is the birthright of men
and women everywhere. We have always dreamed of the day
democracy and freedom will triumph in every corner of the world,
in every captive nation and closed society. This may never
happen in our lifetimes -- but it can happen now for the millions
of people who for so long suffered under Soviet rule.
Some may say this view of the future is unrealistic. Well
let me remind you that three of our leading partners in helping
democracy succeed in Russia are none other than Germany, Japan
and Italy. If we can now bring Russia into the community of free
nations who share American ideals, we will have redeemed hope in
a century that has known so much suffering. //
It is not inevitable, as de Toqueville wrote, that America
and Russia were destined to struggle for global supremacy.
Toqueville only knew a despotic Russia. But we see, and can help
secure, a democratic Russia.
One of America's greatest achievements in this century has
been our leadership of a remarkable community of nations -- the
free world. This community is democratic, stable, prosperous,
8
cooperative and interdependent -- and America is the better for
it. We have strong allies. We have enormous trade. We are
safer as a result of our commitment to this free world.
Now, we must expand this most successful of communities to
include our former adversaries. This is good for America. A
world that trades with us brings greater prosperity. A world
that shares our values strengthens the peace.
This is the world that lies before us. This is the world
that can be achieved if we have the vision to reach for it. This
is the peace we must not lose.
This is what we are doing right now to win this peace:
Strategically, we are moving with the Russians to reach
historic nuclear reductions. We have urged speedy ratification
of START and CFE -- and are working with all the new states to
prevent the spread of weapons of mass destruction. We are
offering our help in nuclear weapons safety, security and
dismantlement. We are engaged in an intensive program of
military-to-military exchanges to strengthen the ties between our
two militaries -- indeed to build unprecedented defense
cooperation -- cooperation that would have been unthinkable a few
short months ago.
Politically, we're reaching out so America -- and American
values -- will be well represented in these new lands. We are
the only country with Embassies in all of the former republics.
We are planning to bring "America Houses" and American expertise
to the former USSR, to send hundreds of Peace Corps volunteers to
9
help create small businesses, to launch major exchanges of
students, professionals and scientists so that our peoples can
establish the bonds so important to permanent peace. //
Economically, working with the European Community and many
other countries, we organized a global coalition to provide
urgently-needed emergency food and medical supplies this past
winter. We will now send Americans to help promote improvements
in food distribution, energy, defense conversion and
democratization. I have sent Congress the Freedom Support Act -
- a comprehensive and integrated legislative package that will
provide new opportunities to support freedom, and repeal all Cold
War legislation. In its key features, this bill asks Congress to
meet my request for $620 million to fund technical assistance
projects in the former USSR. And it urges Congress to increase
the U.S. quota in the IMF by $12 billion dollars.
I pledge to work with the Congress on a bipartisan basis to
pass this act. I want to sign this bill into law before my June
summit with President Yeltsin. //
Just as the rewards of this new world will belong to no one
nation, so too the burden does not fall to America alone.
Together with our allies, we have developed a $24 billion package
of financial assistance. Its aim: to provide urgently needed
support for President Yeltsin's reforms.
Ours is a policy of collective engagement and shared
responsibility. Working with the G-7, the IMF and the World
Bank, we are seeking to help promote the economic transformation
10
so central to an enduring democratic peace. Forty-five years
after their founding, the Bretton Woods institutions we created
after World War II are now serving their original purpose. By
working with others we're sharing the burden of responsibly and
acting in the best interests of the American taxpayer.
I know that broad public support will be critical to our
effort to get this program passed.
So let me say something to those who say: yes, the people
of Russia and all across the old Soviet empire are struggling.
Yes, we want to see them succeed, to join the democratic
community. But what about us -- what about the challenges and
demands we must meet right here in America? Isn't it time we
took care of our own?
To them I say: peace and prosperity are in the interest of
every American -- each one of us alive today, and all the
generations that will follow.
As a nation, we spent more than four trillion dollars to
wage and win the Cold War. Compared to such monumental
sacrifice, the costs of promoting democracy will be small fraction -- and
a
the consequences for our peace and prosperity beyond measure.
America must take the lead in creating this new world of
peace.
Three times this century, America has been called on to help
construct a lasting peace in Europe. Seventy-five years ago this
month, the United States entered World War I to tip the balance
against aggression. Yet with the battle won, America withdrew
11
across the ocean -- and the "war to end all wars" produced a
peace that did not last a generation. Indeed, by the time I was
born in 1924, the peace was already unravelling. Germany's
economic chaos soon led to fascist dictatorship. The seeds of
another, more terrible war were sown.
Still, the isolationist impulse remained strong. Years
later, as the Nazis began their march across the continent, I can
still remember the editorials here in the U.S., talking about
"Europe's war" -- as if America could close itself off, as if we
could isolate ourselves from the world beyond our shores.
As a consequence, we fought the most costly war in the
history of man -- a war that claimed the lives of countless
millions.
At war's end, once again we saw the prospect of a new world
on the horizon -- but the great victory over fascism quickly gave
way to the grim reality of the new communist threat.
We are fortunate that our postwar leaders, Democrats and
Republicans alike, did not forget the lessons of the past in
building the peace of the next four decades. They shaped a
coalition that kept America engaged -- that kept the peace
through the long twilight struggle against Soviet communism. And
they taught the lesson we must heed today: that the noblest
mission of the victor is to turn an enemy into a friend. //
Now, America faces a third opportunity to provide the kind
of lasting peace that for so long eluded us. At this defining
moment, I know where I stand. I stand for American engagement in
12
support of a democratic peace, a peace that can secure for the
next generation a world free from war and conflict.
After a half-century of fear and mistrust, America, Russia
and the new nations of the former USSR must become partners in
peace. After a half-century of Cold War and harsh words -- we
must speak and act on common values. After a half-century of
armed and uneasy peace -- we must move forward toward a new world
of freedom, cooperation, reconciliation and hope. //
Thank you all for inviting me today. / May God bless the
free peoples of the former Soviet empire -- and may God bless the
United States of America.
# # #
TEL:
Apr 07,92 10:26 No. .010 P.01
FAX MESSAGE FOR: JEANNIE BONTON
FROM: NANCY ANDIORIO
DATE: 4/7/92
5 PAGE(S) FOLLOW(S)
Revised ASNE
Convention Schedna
If there is a problem with transmission, please call ASNE Registration desk at JW
Marriott Hotel 202-393-2000 EXT. 6622 or 0632. 6619
American Society of Newspaper Editors
X
ask Nancy if oh to mention
Topping as incomb /re: USA TODAY
autich form 7 garil 92
TEL:
Apr 07,92
10:26 No. 010 P.02
AMERICAN
ASNE
DAVID LAWRENCE JR.
SOCIETY OF
MIAMI HERALD
President
NEWSPAPER EDITORS
SEYMOUR TOPPING
NEW YORK TIMES CO.
Vico President
Headquarters:
WILLIAM A. HILLIARD
Mailing Address: P.O. Box 17004, Washington, DC 20041
PORTLAND OREGONIAN
Street Address: 11600 Sunrise Valley Dr., Ruston, VA 22091
Secretary
Tel. (703) 648-1144
Fax (703) 620-1557
GREGORY FAVRE
SACRAMENTO BEE
April 6, 1992
Treasurer
May /x a Spuch Thurs.?
ASNE APRIL 7-10 CONVENTION PRESS ADVISORY
WASHINGTON, D.C. -- Two presidents, two presidential candidates, two
year's Olympic gold medalists will be among the distinguished speakers mayors at this
four ambassadors, one cabinet secretary, the U.S. solicitor general, two and
convention of the American Society of Newspaper Editors.
Clinton, President George Bush, Nicaraguan President Violeta Chamorro, Governor
Ambassador former Governor Jerry Brown, Japanese Ambassador Takakuru Bill
Sullivan, States, U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services Communities Dr.
the United Andreas van Agt of the Commission of the European Kuriyama, to
and Solicitor Boston Mayor Raymond L. Flynn, Washington Mayor Sharon Pratt Louis Kelly
convention, April 7-10 in Washington, D.C.
General Kenneth W. Starr will all address the 69th ASNE
National gathering, which will open Tuesday evening, April 7, with a attend the
About 625 editors, spouses, journalism educators and guests will
Thursday Gallery of Art. Most sessions will be at the JW Marriott reception Hotel, at but the
morning attendees will visit either Howard or
of universities. ASNE, David Lawrence JI., publisher of the Miami Georgetown Herald, is president
an organization of more than 900 directing editors of
newspapers. chairs the Convention Gregory Favre, Program executive Committee. editor of the Sacramento (Calif.) daily Bee,
Understand: Deborah Tannen, author of the best-selling "You Just the
Newspapers." The focus of the Wednesday, April 8, program will be "Rethinking Future of
"Negotiating Rationally, are among the experts in communications author
Men and Women in Conversation," and Max Bazerman, Don't of
with Ben as an industry. A highlight of that day will be "A
management source and who will discuss trends affecting newspapers as a major and information
major Bradlee and Kay Graham, which will be the luncheon Conversation
John Quinn. American Newspaper Publishers Association, and former ASNE Black, president
of the newspaper figures on the Wednesday program are Cathleen session. president Other
On seminars Thursday, April 9, convention-goers will spend the morning
from and lectures at either Howard or Georgetown universities. attending
sessions. those universities will join distinguished alumni and Educators
Columbia Mikva, chief judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the on panels at
Abner Mayors Flynn and Kelly and Dr. Sullivan will be guests for the Howard.
President Bar Association, will participate in a session at president
the American Circuit, Solicitor General Starr and Talbot D'Alemberte, District of of
Bush will speak at the luncheon that day at the JW Marriott Georgetown. Hotel.
(over)
LARRY ALLISON
THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS CONSISTS OF THE OFFICERS AND THE FOLLOWING:
JAY AMBROSE
Long Beach Press-Telegram
N. CHRISTIAN ANDERSON
Rocky Mountain News
LINDA GRIST CUNNINGHAM
Orange County Register
JOHN 8. DRISCOLL
Rockford Register Stor
ALBERT
E.
FITZPATRICK
WILLIAM B. KETTER
Doston Globe
ROBERT H. GILES
Knight-Ridder Inc.
JANE HEALY
RON MARTIN
ACEL MOORE
Detroit News
Quincy Petriot Ledger
IRENE C. NOLAN
Orlando Sentinel
Atlanta Journal-Constitution
Philadelphia Inquirer
BURL OSBORNE
Louisville Coulier-Journal
JEAN 0110
Dallas Morning News
GENEVA OVERHOLSER
Hocky Mountain News
FOWARD SEATON
Des Moines Register
Manhatten Menaury
TEL:
Apr 07,92 10:27 No.010 P.03
afternoon sessions Nicaragua is the Friday luncheon speaker. She will President
Chamorro of Views the Press" and "Intimidation of Journalists Abroad. the Business
Community continue with sessions on "Exploration," "How Clinton
Jerry Friday's Brown convention and program will begin with editors quizzing Bill and
which ambassadors on "Sexual Harassment"; "America in the World be followed by
Olympic medalists Kuriyama and van Agt; and a discussion of the Economy,' at
Turner. Donna de Varona, Bruce Jenner, Sugar Ray Leonard Olympics and Cathy with
History The Society Preservation will also announce the winners of the Isaiah Thomas
Reporter, Distinguished will Writing Awards. A daily convention winners ASNE of
year's Prizes and honor the previously announced Newspaper this
be produced by a multicultural staff of college newspaper; students, the
board During of convention week, ASNE members will vote to fill seven seats on the
directors and the board will elect new officers.
American The convention's States Building. closing event will be a reception at the Organization of
MEDIA COVERAGE
convention The JW Marriott headquarters. Hotel, 1331 Pennsylvania Ave. NW, Washington, DC
managing editor, The convention press chair is John 20004, assistant is the
convention the Washington Times. For further information Wilson,
mezzanine level and press badges, journalists may come to the Commerce on the
telephone number of is Marriott 202-393-2000. beginning at noon Tuesday, April 7. The Room Marriott's on the
on Press Tuesday headquarters and in the Commerce Room will be open from
ASNE University general sessions, workshops, luncheon Friday. Journalists
are welcome to cover from 8 all a.m. to 5:30 p.m. Wednesday through noon until 5:30 p.m.
policies: Day. Members of the press must comply with the speakers following and ASNE
Auxiliary, the press The (Editor and Publisher, presstime, News representatives
Press trade name badges will be issued to working journalists, of
for the daily Quill, Advertising Age, etc.); and full-time Inc., media Publishers'
speakers will press. also be Members of the foreign press accompanying international reporters
issued credentials.
should have press credentials. Other reporters, free-lancers credentials; or
or or Senate press credentials; White House press Virginia House
Journalists Maryland police should have Washington, D.C., police press credentials;
assigning them a letter to cover on the letterhead ASNE convention. from their editor or nows or director columnists
meetings convention as reporters. Non-members attending press credentials
attend ASNE members the should be aware that they may not obtain to
convention must activities. register and pay a fee if they wish to participate ASNE committee in any other
badge. Everyone entering the meeting halls and luncheon halls must have a name
Ledger-Star, Sandra Mims Rowe, executive editor of the Norfolk Virginian-Pilot
activities in will the meeting supervise rooms the to convention minimize floor disruptions. managers. They will and control
2.
TEL:
Apr 07,92
10:27 No. 010 P.04
exceptions substitute and no microphones allowed in the meeting rooms. The will may
Electronic media must get their audio feed from a mult box. There be no
a pool mult box for the hotel's box, if they wish. If media
advance. arrangement is to be installed, ASNE must receive notification 24 a pool
security personnel. Any additional microphones that are set up will be removed hours by hotel in
Only ASNE members may ask questions during the question-and-anawer sessions.
remarks. table pictures for three minutes after each speaker begins of the head her
Press to photographers take and camera crews will be permitted in front
The three-minute After that, the photographers must return to the his hall. or
limit will be strictly observed and will be rear of the
basis necessary to avoid by floor managers. Photographers are asked to comply enforced if
the embarrassment of being escorted to the rear of on the a voluntary hall.
Ballroom Arrangements for the Wednesday and Friday general sessions in the Capitol
1. Reporters may sit where they wish in the hall.
2. Television platforms and a mult box are available at the rear of the room.
Arrangements for the Wednesday-Friday luncheons in the Grand Ballroom
1, The working press is welcome to cover the speeches.
free tickets must have press badges in order to buy luncheon registration
Journalists 2. Those who wish to eat may purchase tickets at the ASNE desk.
Waiters will not are serve issued anyone to the without meal functions. a ticket. Luncheon tickets tickets are and $55. no
around the required. Chairs will be available for members and the use
the 3. Television mult box is platforms will be erected at the rear of the room of
in the Grand periphery of the room. The press will be allowed to set of the up cameras press
Ballroom 9-10 a.m. before the Thursday luncheon.
Arrangements for sessions at Howard University and Georgetown University
they 1. Journalists wish must first obtain press badges from ASNE at the Marriott if
to cover any of the panels at the universities.
2. The rules for photographers listed above apply at the universities.
microphones available at Georgetown, Electronic media Howard. extra
no 3. mult Mult boxes boxes will be available at the rear of the rooms at There are
arrangements must be made at least 24 hours before the session begins. but
if they wish to record the speakers at Georgetown, may use
Howard's 4. A television Rankin platform is available in Blackburn Center at
they must contact Chapel Alan or at Georgetown. If broadcasters need Howard such but not at
at Georgetown (202-806-0970) and Gary Krull, vice president for Communications
at Howard Hermesch of the Department of University facilities,
(202-687-4327), at least 24 hours in advance of public the session. relations
workshops. ACTS Inc. will make audiotapes of all convention sessions, and
Tapes, at $10 each, will be available at the Marriott. lunches
3
TEL:
Apr 07,92
10:27 No 010 P.05
Here's the 1992 ASNE Convention schedule
l'uesday, April 7
5:45 p.m. - Buses begin shuttle service from
Pennsylvania Ave. entrance of the Marriott
6 - 8 p.m. - Opening reception - National Gallery of
Art West Building
Wednesday, April 8
7:30 - 8:45 a.m. - New members breakfast
President Bush
President Chamorro
7:45 - 8:45 a.m. Workshops
"Provoking Change" (Arranged by Small Newspapers
12:30-1 p.m. - Cash Bar
Committee) - Hunter T. George, director of editorial
development, Thomson Newspapers: C.W. Baker, vice
1 p.m. - Luncheon - "A Conversation with Kay
president/news, Knight-Ridder, Miami; Judith Brown,
Graham and Ben Bradlee"
editor and publisher, New Britain (Conn.) Herald: Susan
Deans, editor, Myrtle Beach (S.C.) Sun News: Timothy
3:00 . 5:00 p.m. - General Session - Rethinking the
Gallagher, editor, Albuquerque (N.M.) Tribune
Future of Newspapers
"Covering the '92 Election: We Can Do It Better" -
Remarks by Cathleen Black, ANPA President
Bill Kovach, curator, Nieman Foundation; Phil Gailey,
and CEO
editor of editorial page, St. Petersburg (Fla.) Times:
Deborah Howell, Washington bureau chief, Newhouse
"Negotiating Change" - Max H. Bazerman, professor
News Service; John Mashek, Washington correspondent,
at Northwestern's Newspaper Management Center and
Post Boston Globe; Juan Williams, columnist, Washington
Kellogg Graduate School of Management and author of
Negotiating Rationally
9 a.m. - 12:30 p.m. - General Session - Rethinking the
"Where Do We Go From Here?" - John C. Quinn,
Future of Newspapers
long-time Gannett editor and former ASNE president
Dramatic narration on freedom. Rev. Wintley Phipps,
Evening free
pastor, Capitol Hill Seventh Day Adventist Church
"The Future for Newspapers," remarks by David
day
of
speech
Lawrence Jr., Miami Herald, ASNE President
Thursday, April 9
"Face to Face: Race and Gender Communication in
7:30-8:30 a.m. - Retired Members Committee breakfast
the Newsroom" - Rafael Gonzalez, lecturer at
Northwestern's Newspaper Management Center and
7:45 a.m. - Buses depart for Howard and Georgetown
workshop leader on diversity; Tom Kochman, University
of Illinois communication scholar and author of Black &
" HOWARD UNIVERSITY PROGRAM -
White: Styles in Conflict: Deborah Tannen, Georgetown
University Professor of Linguistics, and author of You
8:30 a.m. - Continental breakfast
Just Don't Understand: Men and Women in Conversation
9 - 10:25 a.m. - Howard University Choir, Remarks by
"Building Community Connections" - Clarence Page,
President Franklyn G. Jenifer
columnist, Chicago Tribune; Albert Johnson, executive
editor, Columbus (Ga.) Ledger-Enquirer, David Mathews,
"Health Issues in the African American Community"
president, Kettering Foundation; Burl Osborne, editor and
- Dr. Charles-L...Curry-profeso of medicine,
publisher, Dallas Morning News; Neal Peirce,
Howard: Dr. Alfred L. Goldson, professor and
author/editor, The Peirce Report, Washington, D.C.;
chairman, Department of Radiotherapy, Howard; Dr.
Sandra Mims Rowe, executive editor, Norfolk Virginian-
Margaret Kadree, professor, infectious diseases,
Pilot and Ledger-Star; Howard Schneider, managing
Howard; Dr. LaSalle D. Leffall Jr., professor and
editor/news, Newsday, Long Island, N.Y.
chairman, Department of Surgery, Howard; Dr. Louis
Sullivan, Secretary of Health and Human Services
Apr 07,92
10:27 No. 010 P.06
TEL:
10:40-11:50 a.m.
"Muzzling Free Speech: Race, Hate and Sexual
"The Future of America's Cities" - Mayor David
Inauendo" - Linda Grist Cunningham, Rockford (III.)
Mayor Raymond L. Flynn, Boston,
Register Star; Jim Amoss, editor, New Orleans Times-
president of U.S. Conference of Mayors; Mayor Sharon
Picayune; Geneva Overholser, editor, Des Moines
Pratt Kelly, Washington; Ronald Walters, professor of
Dispatch (Iowa) Register: William Woo, editor, St. Louis Post-
political science, Howard; Robert L. Woodson, president,
National Center for Neighborhood Enterprises
9 a.m. . Noon - General Session
as a This 7th
-- GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY PROGRAM
still on!
"The Presidential Contenders" - Bill Clinton,
8:30 a.m. - Continental breakfast
governor of Arkansas; Jerry Brown, former
governor of California
9 - 9:50 a.m. 1 Performance by "The Chimes" and
"The Grace Notes"; Remarks by the Rev. Leo J.
"Exploration" - Mike Anderson, executive director,
O'Donovan, S.J., president of Georgetown University
National Congress of American Indians; Bruce Murray,
professor of planetary sciences, California Institute of
10
-
10:50
a.m.
Concurrent classes
Technology. former director of NASA Jet Propulsion
Laboratory: Herman Viola, director, Quincentennial
"A Long-View Look at the Supreme Court" — Judith
program, Smithsonian Institution, Washington
C. Areen, dean, Law Center, Georgetown; Talbot
D'Alemberte, president, American Bar Association;
"How Business Views the Press" - Herbert M. and
Thomas Krattenmaker, prof., Georgetown Law Center;
Marion O. Sandler, co-chief executives, Golden West
Abner J. Mikva, chief, U.S. Court of Appeals. District
Financial Corporation, Oakland, Calif.; Stephen M.
of Columbia; Kenneth W. Starr, U.S. Solicitor General
Wolf, chairman, president and CEO, United Airlines
"The Changing World Order" - Rev. J. Bryan Hehir,
"Intimidation of Journalists Abroad" - Isaac Bantu,
Kennedy Professor of Christian Ethics, Georgetown;
Liberian journalist and Nieman Fellow; Francisco
Ambassador Donald McHenry, Distinguished Research
Santos Calderon, El Tiempo, Bogota, Colombia: Maria
Professor of Diplomacy, Georgetown, and former U.S.
Jimena Duzan, investigative reporter and columnist, El
Ambassador to the United Nations; Theodore Moran,
Espectador, Bogota, Colombia, and Nieman Fellow
Landegger Professor and director, Landegger International
Business Diplomacy Program, Georgetown
12:30-1 p.m. - Cash bar
11 - 11:50 a.m. - Concurrent classes
1 p.m. - Luncheon - President Violeta Barrios de
Chamorro of Nicaragua
"Multiculturalism" - The Rev. Robert B. Lawton, SJ.,
Dean, College of Arts and Sciences, Georgetown; Joseph
3 - 5:15 p.m. - General Session
F. O'Connor, associate professor and chairman,
Department of Classics, Georgetown; Frank M. Snowden
"Sexual Harassment" - Beverly Duck, president, and
Jr., adjunct professor of classics, Georgetown
Evander Duck, vice president, Human X Factors, Inc.,
St. Petersburg, Fla.
"Rationing Health Care" - Dr. John M. Eisenberg,
chairman, Department of Medicine, Georgetown; Judith
"America in the World Economy" - Ambassador
Feder, co-director, Center for Health Policy Studies,
Andreas van Agt, head of delegation of the
Georgetown; Dr. Seymour Perry, chairman, Department
Commission of the European Communities to the
of Community and Family Medicine, Georgetown
United States; Michael Farren, Undersecretary of
Commerce for International Trade Administration;
Noon . Buses return to Marriou
Japanese Ambassador Takakuzu Kuriyama
12:30 - 1 p.m. - Cash bar
"The Olympics" - Donna de Varona, Olympic gold
medalist and ABC commentator; Bruce Jenner, Olympic
1 p.m. - Luncheon President George Bush
gold medalist and NBC commentator; Sugar Ray
Leonard, boxer, Olympic gold medalist; Cathy Turner,
3 * 5 p.m. - ASNE Committee Meetings
Olympic gold and silver medalist
5:00 - 6:00 p.m. - ASNE women members reception
5:45 p.m. 1 Buses begin shuttle service from
Pennsylvania Ave. entrance of the Marriott
Friday, April 10
6 - 8 p.m. - Reception - Organization of American States
7:45 - 8:45 a.m. - Workshops
Saturday, April 11
"Excellent Writing in Newspapers" - Karen Brown,
associate, Winners The Poynter Institute: ASNE Writing Awards
Country 9 a.m. - Departure for optional tour of the Virginia Wine
April 7, 1992 USA TODAY
L
New ASNE president: TV inadequate
'Times' veteran
About Seymour Topping
called visionary
Born: Dec. 11, 1921 in New York.
Education: University of Missouri School of Journalism, 1943. He served as an
By Pat Guy
infantry officer in the Pacific during World War II.
USA TODAY
Family: Married to the former Audrey Elaine Ronning, an author and photojour-
nalist who specializes in Asia. They have five daughters and four grandchildren.
Seymour Topping has been
Professional: Director of editorial development at The New York Times since
described as "quietly passion-
1987. He is responsible for the journalistic quality of the company's regional news-
ate about newspapers."
papers - 24 dailies and eight weeklies. Joined The New York Times in 1959 after
But as incoming president of
13 years as a foreign correspondent for International News Service and The As-
the American Society of News-
sociated Press. Covered China's civil war and was the first correspondent to re-
paper Editors, The New York
port the fall of Nanking to the communists in 1949. Also reported from Indochina,
London and Berlin. At The Times, was chief Moscow correspondent, then chief
MEDIA
correspondent in the Far East based in Hong Kong. Became foreign editor in
1966, deputy managing editor in 1976 and managing editor in 1977. Held that job
for 10 years.
Times veteran plans to pump
Hobbies: Skis, hikes, plays tennisand is very interested in the environment.
up the volume.
TOPPING: Wants to increase num-
Wrote the introduction for Our Country, the Planet by Shridath Ramphal, written
Topping called Top by
ber of minorities in newsrooms.
for the Earth Summit in Brazil in June, which he plans to attend.
friends - has an ambitious
agenda for his one-year tenure.
He will take office Friday, succeeding
Topping, 70, says he intends to keep
courage citizens to vote. "There is a dis-
David Lawrence Jr., publisher of The
more attention from the public, giving
ASNE's emphasis on increasing the
tinct correlation between the decline
Miami Herald. The ASNE's convention
those positions greater impact.
number of minorities in newsrooms
of newspaper reading and the decline
Establishing a retirees committee.
opens tonight in Washington.
and supporting the First Amendment.
in voting," he says.
"He's the right president for this
"That's designed to mine their exper-
But he wants to add another mission
Also on his agenda:
time of monumental change in the
tise" for ways to help newspapers, Top-
during this election year. He's asked
A major project to develop tech-
business because he has so much credi-
ping says.
committee leaders to "remind Ameri-
niques to make newspapers "an impor-
bility from the things he's done in his
Forming a committee on small
cans that there's no medium better
tant tool of daily literacy." Topping
career," says Lou Heldman, executive
newspapers. Many smaller newspa-
equipped than the newspaper to define
says stories have to be written to be un-
editor of the Tallahassee Democrat.
pers - circulation less than 50,000 -
the issues and persuade voters to go to
derstandable to people of limited liter-
"He's clearly a visionary."
in ASNE have complained that the or-
the polls. I think that too many Ameri-
acy and must also appeal to sophisticat-
That came as something of a sur-
ganization is oriented to larger newspa-
cans are accepting the capsules of in-
ed readers.
prise to Heldman, chairman of ASNE's
pers, Topping says.
formation and the images that they get
A "rescue mission for high-school
Future of Newspapers Committee.
The fate of newspapers and the na-
on television as sufficient to make
journalism," which Topping says is in a
"My image of him as a former manag-
them good, informed citizens."
tion are bound, Topping says with pas-
state of crisis because of slashed budg-
ing editor of The New York Times and
sion. "If the public ignores newspapers,
Topping, ASNE vice president the
ets and censorship.
T
as a lifelong Timesman would be some-
I think there is much less prospect that
past year, says ASNE's readership
A higher profile for the ASNE. He
one who is very traditionbound, and I
we will be able to straighten out the
committee is designing prototype arti-
wants the ASNE's positions on key is-
found him to be quite the opposite."
country and rescue it from the mess it
r
cles that newspapers can use to en-
sues such as freedom of the press to get
finds itself in today."
e
e
n
d
d
e
a
$
S
y
0
- your education reporters
the education beat
- Education MW7 belongs an the business page
McGroarty/Bunton
March 24, 1992
1:30 pm
PROTOTYPE -- AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEWSPAPER EDITORS
PLACE
[PROTO] better Than motiof
APRIL 9, 1992
T.B.D.
Wit $ Wisdar
{Acknowledgements/Introductory section.} Even in the age
Mark of Twain look
VCRs and CNN, it's still possible to stir passion with the
printed word. I remember the story Mark Twain used to tell about
the time Napoleon shot at a magazine editor. / He missed him -
- but killed a publisher. // Twain said: "His aim may have April 24, 1989
Ap Business luncheon
been bad -- but his intentions were good."
annual Conf. of ANPA
[THREE LEGACIES]
in chicago. Bu.
Look around the world today. Think of the page one stories
x
X
of the past few years. Our victory in the Cold War, / the
X
X
collapse of imperial communism, / the liberation of Kuwait, K the
X
K
X
x
X
X
X
k
K
X
X
x
X
y
X
X
great Revolutions of '89 that brought down the Berlin Wall -- and
x
x
x
X
X
X
brought a new world of freedom to Eastern Europe. Think of the x
x
x
X
X
X
X
X
X
role this nation played in every one of these great triumphs --
X
x
X
X
X
X
x
the sacrifices we made, the sense of mission that carried X us
X
x
X
through.
Each day brings new changes: new nations, new realities --
new hopes and new horizons. Yes, dictators have given way to
democracy -- and yet dangers remain. We've put an end to a long
era of military confrontation -- and entered a new age of
economic competition. But the challenges we face -- the sheer
complexity of our world -- can't obscure the basic values that
2
guide this Nation. Times change, but truths endure. I'm talking
about the big issues that shape our world -- about the values
close to home. Everything I've done -- I've done to preserve
three precious legacies: strong families. Good jobs. A world
at peace.
Securing those legacies has been my mission as President --
and it will be my mission today and every day, now and for the
next four years. //
------
[FOCUS]
Right now, the number one concern for most Americans is the
economy -- and turning this economy around, creating jobs, is the
mission that matters most. Listen to what people say about the
economy. Get beneath the cold statistics -- down to the real
heart of this issue. People want to know whether they can keep
the good job they've got -- and whether they're on track for a
better one. For their kids, they've got grander visions: not
just a job -- a career. Work that means more than simply making
additional
ends meet: Work that gives real meaning to their lives. //
------
[FIVE CHALLENGES FOR FUTURE]
I want to speak today about government's role in all of
this. No, we can't legislate the American Dream. But government
can serve as an agent for change -- clearing away the obstacles
to economic growth and the unnecessary costs of doing business.
entrepreneurs
Expanding the opportunities for aggressive businesses and
enterprising individuals to create new jobs. Training and
3
educating our children -- giving them the tools of thought
they'll need to compete in the new world economy. //
The fate of America's economic future rests on five pillars:
TR4
On free trade -- our ability to break down barriers, open new
@
markets to American goods. Our future rests on legal reform --
on ending the explosion of litigation that strains our patience
and saps our economy. On health care reform -- opening up access
(5)
to all Americans, controlling the run-away cost of health care
0
without sacrificing choice and quality. Government reform --
because only if we reverse a generation of creeping bureaucracy,
only if we restore limits to government, can we restore public
5
trust. Finally, our future depends on education reform -- our
ability to revolutionize -- literally re-invent our schools:
prepare a new generation for the challenges of the next century.
-----
[TODAY'S CHALLENGE]
To meet that challenge, we've got to turn our backs on the
status quo and set our sights on change. Today, I want to focus
on one reform that can shape the future right now. Talk to
parent's
is
people: ask them what they see as critical to their child's
future. Over and over, all the hopes and dreams rest on one
word: education. //
Education represents a perfect community of interest:
between the individual and society -- between one generation and
the next. Between the proud history we must pass on -- and the
path-breaking future we must create. // And in terms of
ledger-
Educational Fortune 500
company books for text books
children are our Hann's Blue Chip stock
profit/less statements
debits and credits
4 profitubilly measured by air wealth of ideas
America's economic future -- education is a matter of economic
survival. //
Right now, I'll spare you the bleak statistics. Anyone who
an imbalance
worries about slack productivity or a bad balance of trade ought
to be alarmed about our children's test scores. Millions of
children work hard, millions of dedicated teachers do their best
-- and still, our schools are failing us. //
a responsibity to our children - we are required
Recognizing that fact is the first step toward reform. It's
this isn't number's were counching it's children we are bankrupting
(The zr's
the reason behind the education strategy I call America 2000 -- a
plan to help this country put an end to business as usual, break
the mold and build a new generation of American schools.
we are required to
For the sake of our students, we've got to shake up the
status quo. For far too long, we've allowed our public schools a
monopolistic
damaging monopoly power over students. Well, just as monopolies
are bad for the economy -- they're bad for education.
That's why America 2000 includes a common-sense idea called
reform, responsibility, revolution)
school choice: every parent should have the power to choose
which school is best for his child -- public, private or
religious. //
And let's be clear: if we deny parents school choice --
it's your
child-
let's recognize who's hurt worst by the status quo. It's not the in amy
class
well-to-do. It's not the upper middle class. It's not any one
the 4th
of us who ever went house-hunting with a map of the good school grade
class
districts. // Deny people choice, and the ones you hurt most
are the Middle Class and lower -- and especially the poor.
speak in terms of "intellectual bankruptcy"
no choice
is not a choice
5
That's why choice is catching on in some of the hardest-hit
neighborhoods in this nation. Talk to parents spearheading the
school choice crusade -- people like Polly Williams in Milwaukee.
They'll tell you how the lack of choice left them powerless to
force change -- how a public school bureaucracy turned students
statistics (social security numbers)
into numbers and parents into pawns. Look at Milwaukee today --
pioneering school choice, giving poor parents control, and poor
children pride. // Look at the schools in East Harlem -- where
S
teachers put their names on waiting list to get a chance to teach
in a choice school. They can't wait to stand in front of a
classroom of children who want to be there -- who want to learn.
Choice works -- and here's why. When our students are a
captive audience -- our schools have no incentive to improve.
What competition brings to the economy -- choice can bring to
education. Say what you want about reforming our schools: If
you're for change -- you're for school choice.
-------
[CONTRAST WITH CONGRESS]
The crusade for school choice is catching fire all across
the country. But the battle is far from over. Forces right now
are waging a last-ditch effort to put the brakes on change -- to
preserve the business-as-usual approach that's put American
students at or near the bottom of the list in overall
achievement. At a time when change is imperative, Congressional
leadership is captive of the special interests. Too many members
march in lock-step with the N.E.A. monopoly -- folks who long ago
6
left the blackboard for the Beltway life, and left the real world
of parents, teachers and students far behind. //
Take a look at the bill now winding its way through the
Congress. Under the influence of the edu-crats, House and Senate
leaders have ignored the strategy I mapped out in America 2000 -
- and stripped out any mention of school choice from their bill.
The bill they claim will help our schools is an exercise in
cynicism -- call it the Status Quo Schools Act of 1992. They're
going to paint anyone who opposes their bill as an enemy of
education -- and let election-year pressure do the rest. Well,
it won't work -- because when it comes to their children's
schools, the American people are too smart for that.
the
So today let me serve notice to education lobby and their
friends on Capitol Hill: If your bill doesn't include school
choice -- it doesn't have a chance. It'll be just like you
learned in civics class: for every bad bill, there's a veto. //
-------
[CONCLUSION]
The challenges we face call out for action. From our
classrooms
schools to our courts, from our hospitals to the halls of
to
government, from the new realities of a new world economy -- the
need for reform won't wait. The only acceptable response is the
American response. We must rekindle a revolution -- a revolution
to bring change to the country that's changed the world.
//
Here's what I know about this country's future: No matter
how tough times get -- no matter what trials we face -- America's
best day always lies ahead. / I believed that when I was a boy.
7
I believe it now. I'll believe it every day I live -- because
that's the great glory of America. //
Thank you all for this warm welcome -- and may God bless the
United States of America.
# # #
Withdrawal/Redaction Sheet
(George Bush Library)
Document No.
Subject/Title of Document
Date
Restriction
Class.
and Type
01. Memo
John R. Undeland to Danel B. McGroarty and Jean M.
04/08/92
P-8
Bunton, re: ASNE [American Society of Newspaper Editors
speech] Ideas. (1 pp.)
Collection:
Record Group:
Bush Presidential Records
Open on Expiration of PRA
Office:
Speechwriting, White House Office of
(Document Follows)
Series:
Speech File, Backup
By SN (NLGB) on 4/5/2005
Subseries:
WHORM Cat.:
File Location:
ASNE American Society of Newspaper Editors 4/9/92 [2]
Date Closed:
11/29/2004
OA/ID Number:
07571
FOIA/SYS Case #:
Re-review Case #:
2004-2265-S
P-2/P-5 Review Case #:
MR Case #:
Appeal Case #:
MR Disposition:
Appeal Disposition:
Disposition Date:
Disposition Date:
RESTRICTION CODES
Presidential Records Act - [44 U.S.C. 2204(a)]
Freedom of Information Act - [5 U.S.C. 552(b)]
P-1 National Security Classified Information [(a)(1) of the PRA]
(b)(1) National security classified information [(b)(1) of the FOIA]
P-2 Relating to the appointment to Federal office [(a)(2) of the PRAJ
(b)(2) Release would disclose internal personnel rules and practices of an
P-3 Release would violate a Federal statute [(a)(3) of the PRA]
agency [(b)(2) of the FOIA]
P-4 Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential commercial or
(b)(3) Release would violate a Federal statute [(b)(3) of the FOIA]
financial information [(a)(4) of the PRA]
(b)(4) Release would disclose trade secrets or confidential or financial
P-5 Release would disclose confidential advise between the President
information [(b)(4) of the FOIA]
and his advisors, or between such advisors [a)(5) of the PRA]
(b)(6) Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
P-6 Release would constitute a clearly unwarranted invasion of
personal privacy [(b)(6) of the FOIA]
personal privacy [(a)(6) of the PRA]
(b)(7) Release would disclose information compiled for law enforcement
purposes [(b)(7) of the FOIA]
C. Closed in accordance with restrictions contained in donor's deed of
(b)(8) Release would disclose information concerning the regulation of
gift.
financial institutions [(b)(8) of the FOIA]
(b)(9) Release would disclose geological or geophysical information
EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT
08-Apr-1992 10:53am
TO:
Daniel B. McGroarty
TO:
Jean M. Bunton
FROM:
John R. Undeland
Office of the Press Secretary
SUBJECT: asne ideas
Dan/Jeannie --
As you may know, I'm the Media Affairs project officer on the
ASNE event. Regarding the speech, I offer the following
ideas/comments:
1. During our walkthrough Monday, Lee Stinnett, the ExecDir of
ASNE, made several references to how hard the recession has hit
newspapers. The Wall Street Journal carried a story this week on
how things appeared to be turning around for the newspaper
industry. Without being overenthusiastic about it, the President
could inject a hopeful economic note along those lines in his
opening.
2. Pulitzer acknowledgments are in today's Washington Post $New you Times
3. Interesting intel - Dan Lawrence, ASNE and Miami Herald
president, is in a pissing match with a Miami Cuban leader. The
Cuban fellow, who is touted as Castro's successor in a democratic
Cuba, has sponsored a major advertising and popular protest
against Lawrence and the Herald, calling them apologists for
Castro & pinkos (haven't heard that phrase in a while). Story in
the Post Style this week.
4. CIS rhetoric offering: "Where the hammer and sickle flew a
year ago, now flies the banner of freedom and democracy."
5. A "Terry Anderson is free" acknowledgment would make for a
solid applause line, and is a natural as part of the world of
change theme.
Again, these are merely suggestions. I hope you find them
useful. Thanks.
-- John
THE white house
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
WASHINGTON
ASNE ACKS:
Acter Chamble of Commerce
D CABINET PANTICIPATION:
type group
Sec. Sullivan (?@ Howard
that morning
Gary Andres
no according to
have @ White House
Carla in scholuling
29th April
Eerman Ambrissador
D CONGRESS:
No Mc expected
can Becky anderson 2230
the Herrad
THE white house
WASHINGTON
Major Dinkins no -
Thankli NO
(Jap. Amb. (Fric.)
Gay from E.C. (Fri.)
Violeta Chinoris in and
.I
Lincoln, Abraham, Pres. U.S., 1809-1865.
t:THE
LINCOLN
ENCYCLOPEDIA
THE SPOKEN AND WRITTEN WORDS OF
A.Lincoln
ARRANGED FOR READY REFERENCE
COMPILED AND EDITED BY
ARCHER H. SHAW
With an Introduction by David C. Mearns
Assistant Librarian, Library of Congress
THE MACMILLAN COMPANY : NEW YORK
1950
E300
4
L52
WH
TO CLARA
1 4 50
NOV
"All Men Are Created Equal"
10
The Lincoln Encyclopedia
"All Men Are Created Equal"-See EQUALITY.
aspire to nothing beyond a seat in Congress, a guber-
See "APPLE OF GOLD,' pictures of silver."
natorial or a presidential chair; but such belong not
to the family of the lion or the tribe of the eagle.
Allaying Plaster-See KANSAS-NEBRASKA ACT, ended
What! think you these places would satisfy an Alex-
period of peace.
ander, a Caesar, or a Napoleon?-Speech, Springfield,
Allen, Robert, "favor" of, rejected-See "FAVOR," re-
Jan. 27, 1837. I, 46.
jected.
2.-Towering genius disdains a beaten path. It seeks
regions hitherto unexplored. It sees no distinction in
Alliance, bipartisan, denied-See DOUGLAS-BUCHANAN
adding story to story upon the monuments of fame
FEUD, Republicans welcome.
erected to the memory of others. It denies that it is
Ambition, confession of-Every man is said to have
glory enough to serve under any chief. It scorns to
his peculiar ambition. Whether it be true or not, I
tread in the footsteps of any predecessor, however
illustrious. It thirsts and burns for distinction; and,
can say, for one, that I have no other so great as that
of being truly esteemed by my fellow-men, by render-
if possible, will have it, whether at the expense of
ing myself worthy of their esteem. How far I shall
emancipating slaves or enslaving free men.-Speech,
succeed in gratifying this ambition, is yet to be de-
Springfield, Jan. 27, 1837. I, 46.
3.-Is it unreasonable, then, to expect that some man
veloped.-Address to Sangamon County, March 9,
possessed of the loftiest genius, coupled with ambi-
1832. I, 8.
2.-1 claim no extraordinary exemption from per-
tion sufficient to push it to its utmost stretch, will at
sonal ambition. That I like preferment as well as the
some time spring up amongst us? And when such a
average of men may be admitted. But I protest I
one does, it will require the people to be united with
each other, attached to the government and laws, and
have not entered upon this hard contest [for United
States senator] solely, or even chiefly, for a mere per-
generally intelligent, successfully to frustrate his de-
sonal object.-Notes, Oct. 1, 1858. IV, 214.
signs. Distinction will be his paramount object, and
3.-Ambition has been ascribed to me. God knows
although he would as willingly, perhaps, more so, ac-
how sincerely I prayed from the first that this field
quire it by doing good as harm, yet, that opportun-
of ambition might not be opened. I claim no in-
ity being past, and nothing left to be done in the
sensibility to political honors; but today, could the
way of building up, he would set boldly to the task
Missouri restrictions be restored, and the whole slav-
of pulling down.-Speech, Springfield, Jan. 27, 1837.
ery question be placed on the same old grounds of
I, 47.
"toleration" by necessity where it exists, with unyield-
America, anxiety for-See CIVIL WAR, aftermath
ing hostility to the spread of it, on principle, I would,
feared.
in consideration, gladly agree that Judge Douglas
should never be out, and I never in, an office so long
America, "beneficial toward mankind"-A fair ex-
as we both or either, live.-Speech, Springfield, Oct.
amination of history has served to authorize a belief
30, 1858. Angle, 198.
that the past actions and influences of the United
4.-I have never professed an indifference to the
States were generally regarded as having been bene-
honors of official station; and were I to do so now, I
ficial toward mankind. I have therefore reckoned
should only make myself ridiculous. Yet I have never
upon the forbearance of nations.-To workers of
failed-do not now fail-to recognize that in the Re-
Manchester, Jan. 19, 1863. VIII, 195.
publican cause there is a higher aim than that of
mere office.-Notes, 1858. Hertz II, 705.
America, citizens of, are brothers-Let us at all times
remember that all American citizens are brothers of
Ambition, driving power of-It is to deny what the
a common country, and should dwell together in the
history of the world tells us is true, to suppose that
bonds of fraternal feeling.-Speech, Springfield, Nov.
men of ambition and talents will not continue to
20, 1860. VI, 72.
spring up amongst us. And when they do, they will
as naturally seek the gratification of their ruling pas-
America, comparison in principles-We find a peo-
sion as others have done before them. The question
ple on the Northeast, who have a different govern-
then is, Can that gratification be found in supporting
ment from ours, being ruled by a queen. Turning to
and maintaining an edifice that has been erected by
the South, we see a people who, while they boast of
others? Most certain, it cannot! Many great and good
being free, keep their fellow-beings in bondage. Com-
men, sufficiently qualified for any task they should
pare free states with either; shall we say here we have
undertake, may ever be found whose ambition would
no interest in keeping that principle [liberty] alive?
Services of Mead Data Central, Inc.
PAGE
2
1ST STORY of Level 1 printed in FULL format.
Copyright 1992 News World Communications Inc.
The Washington Times
March 22, 1992, Sunday, Final Edition
SECTION: Part B; BOOKS; Pg. B8
LENGTH: 1207 words
HEADLINE: Dazzling work sees war as metaphor for nation
BYLINE: Herman Hattaway
BODY:
This tour de force by Charles Royster is a strange book, thoroughly out of
the ordinary. "The Destructive War" is solidly underpinned by prodigious and
exemplary historical research, but one could argue with some validity that it is
more a work in the field of American culture than one in that of American
history. It borders on being an extended philosophical exposition.
This seems to be a book that will be appreciated most by readers who already
know a lot about the Civil War. It is not easy to digest. Not that it is
poorly written; some passages are elevated by grace and literary quality. Nor
is it dull or gratuitously cumbersome. But unless one is already familiar with
the war, the many shifts and transitions may confuse as much as dazzle. Still,
dazzle is what this book does.
More cogently than any previous book does, this one probes the meaning of
the war's violence and, in some crucial respects, the meaning and nature of this
nation and its people. "Americans surprised themselves with the extent of
violence they could attain," Mr. Royster asserts, "and the surprise consisted,
in part, of getting what they had asked for."
Both Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson and William Tecumseh Sherman, the book's
principal subjects, are more representative of certain strains of the national
character than shapers and delineators of it. Mr. Royster has presented full
and insightful, though quite stylized, biographical sketches of both Sherman and
Jackson. In many ways each man gives his body politic what it thinks it most
wants.
In 1939, the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts in Richmond held an exposition of
small-scale models of proposals for the equestrian stature of Jackson that
eventually was erected and now stands on the Manassas battlefield. "Depending
on the artist," Mr. Royster says, "he looked like Ivanhoe, Wotan, Daniel Boone,
Prince Murat, a stylized Soviet or fascist State Hero, or one of the Four
Horsemen of the Apocalypse." Thus did the dead Jackson become "the perfect
Confederate," for he could be anything that anyone imagined or wished him to be.
Even Jackson's enemies could admire his ability and perceive something
attractive in his tenacity, because he possessed in abundance qualities that
Yankees admired. "I have been praying every day for the death of Tom Jackson,"
one Virginia woman in the western part of the state told a Federal cavalry
officer, "for this war can't end while he lives." Jackson's own people adored
him because he gave them victories. "Under his uniquely intense influence," Mr.
Royster says, "men accomplished more than they otherwise would have done."
LEXIS'NEXIS'LEXISNEXIS
Services of Mead Data Central, Inc.
PAGE
3
1992 The Washington Times, March 22, 1992
But Jackson's penchant for unleashing an extreme level of violence against
his enemies was, according to Mr. Royster, of a uniquely coarse and heinous
nature. There was a quality about it that differed from Sherman's. Jackson's
men, at his unhesitating behest, burned Chambersburg, Penn. "Unlike Atlanta and
Columbia, Chambersburg was neither a fortified, defended city nor the site of
munitions plants and other military manufacturing," Mr. Royster observes. "It
was just a city the Confederates could reach."
Jackson easily could have accepted - indeed he advocated - fighting under
the black flag, that is, taking no prisoners in battle, giving and expecting no
quarter. In March 1865 a staff officer told Sherman of Jackson's views:
"Perhaps he was right," said the general. "It seems cruel, but if there were no
quarter given, most men would keep out of the war. Rebellions would be few and
short."
It is Sherman, however, and not Jackson, who is known to moderns mostly, or
only, as a fanatic. An advocate of unlimited warfare against civilians, "he was
among the few Americans in 1860 and 1861 whose imagination portrayed a civil war
worse than the one that followed." He delivered himself of only two
well-remembered utterances, one of which - by far the most often quoted - was
"War is hell."
But anyone who has read beyond the thin surface is familiar with a sensitive
Sherman who valued learning. How interesting was his not-so-well-remembered
comment at Columbia, S.C., in response to a plea that the college library not be
burned: "Far from destroying books, I will send them here. If there had been a
few more books in this part of the world there would not have been all this
difficulty."
Mr. Royster reveals that Sherman was an agnostic mystic, and following the
Civil War perhaps the most interesting man of his times. Entranced with the
possibility that there is ultimate order in the universe but that it is run by
physical and not spiritual laws, he did not really believe in the existence of a
personal God, but, like Abraham Lincoln, Sherman viewed the United States as
something of a transcendent last best hope of mankind. = The nation had to be
saved, and he saved it.
But only if the nation continued to progress along lines that he envisioned
was saving it worthwhile. Something about the collective tendencies of the
American people in the late 19th century repulsed Sherman. "At his gloomiest,"
Mr. Royster relates, "he joined other alarmist elitists in anticipating war
between the propertied and the propertyless." The early stirrings of organized
labor disquieted him. "Like his fellow alarmists," the author continues,
"Sherman hardly differentiated among American labor unions, the Paris Commune,
the International Workingmen's Associations, and anarchists."
Mr. Royster also offers some carefully construed passages about a myriad of
other figures. One was Mary Ann "Mother" Bickerdyke - "who worked with
Sherman's army, [and] won praise as much for her 'executive ability' as for her
'all-embracing motherhood. = Another notable nurse, from Alabama, was described
by one Confederate soldier as "a Napoleon of her department.
[S]he
possesses all the energy and independence of Stonewall Jackson."
There seems something fittingly poetic that in late May 1865 Mother
Bickerdyke rode with a group of staff officers in the final grand review of
LEXIS'NEXIS'LEXIS'NEXIS
Services of Mead Data Central, Inc.
PAGE
4
1992 The Washington Times, March 22, 1992
Union troops down Pennsylvania Avenue. So too is it movingly poetic to read
that "preceding each of Sherman's divisions, its pioneers - construction
laborers - - marched like the soldiers. Conspicuously tall, muscular black men,
they carried axes, picks, and spades at the position of right shoulder arms."
How correct was David F. Boyd, who had been president of Louisiana State
University as Sherman had been superintendent of its precursor, when in 1890 he
wrote to Sherman: "Around you & Stonewall Jackson will gather the poetry of our
war. His Valley Campaign & his 'puritanism,' and your March to the Sea - the
Death-Knell of the Confederacy, are the glittering points that will ever strike
the popular mind, and inspire the poet's imagination." Like all of this, so too
does Mr. Royster's work transcend mere prose.
Herman Hattaway is the author of "General Stephen D. Lee," co-author of
"How the North Won" and of "Why the South Lost the Civil War."
***** THE DESTRUCTIVE WAR: WILLIAM TECUMSEH SHERMAN, STONEWALL JACKSON, AND
THE AMERICANS
By Charles Royster
Knopf, $30, 523 pages, illus.
REVIEWED BY HERMAN HATTAWAY
GRAPHIC: Photo, Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson ; Photo, Charles Royster ; Photo,
Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman, Engraving By L.N. Rosenthal, 1864
LEXIS'NEXIS LEXIS'NEXIS
Patty Conrad - Trip Coordinator
6April 1992
Fustric Room - Hostenh Room
- git Sign up short
Monday
from Patty-
PRE-ADVANCE/WALK-THRU QUESTIONNAIRE
NOTE: WHITE HOUSE
EVENT: ASNE [TELEPROMPTER]]
PAGING SYSTEM DES
NOT WORK HERE AT
THIS SITE
DATE: 9 APRIL
heads up to Signal
TIME: 1:45 pm
POTUS SPEAKS AFTER UNCH
drop # Q
POTUS ARRIVE
Trrongt sik
LOCATION:
J.W. MARRIOTT
(GIVE DETAILS) GRAND BALLROOM (an 4 galons) STAGE CENTER BAURSOM
VIP HOLD/PHOTOS GREENERS
EXPECTED AUDIENCE:
2
650 NEWSPAPER EDITORS' AND SPOUSES
(NUMBER AND COMPOSITION)
PRESS COVERAGE: OPEN PRESS
No BROC. on MENU
DIAS PARTICIPANTS:
TENDERVOIN
EXPECTED PARTICIPATION BY MEMBERS OF
CABINET/CONGRESSIONAL/ADMINISTRATION:
Teleprompter operator site
in ballroom Salon III out
Hallway askick
POTUS INTRODUCTION: OFF STAGE ANNOUNCE
door)
Accom. By MR. LAWRENCE
PERTINENT SPEECH TOPICS:
Find tprompt drop
call Mke X 6021
EXPECT POTUS TO TAKE QP A (10-15MNS.)
REASON FOR EVENT:
[737-3042] pay 2603
PLEASE ATTACH PRE-ADVANCE/WALK-THRU CALL SHEET
POTUS VISIT AY SÉNATUR(?) UP and Candilate; VPSTUS spoke in 91; POTUS in 90;
ASNE 925 mbrs. clain newspaper editives; Franklin dropped out as speaker
CRYSTAL GAIL EVENT AT HOTEL PM BEFORE
BANNER BACKOKOP->
BACKDROP
MONTAGE PACES ?
BLUE DRAPE/LOGS ASNE (?)
NO DECISION
5AX8FT. RECT.
WHIE ON BUUE
MYLON
Draft Three
April 8, 1992
DRAFT PRESIDENTIAL SPEECH TO SOCIETY OF NEWSPAPER EDITORS
Thursday, April 9, 1992; 1:45 p.m.
{Acknowledgements of ASNE leadership.} Even in the age of
VCRs and CNN, people who want to understand the times we live in
still turn to the printed word. //
Look around the world today. Think of the Page One stories
of the past few years. Our victory in the Cold War. The
collapse of imperial communism. The liberation of Kuwait. Think
of the great Revolutions of '89 that brought down the Berlin Wall
-- broke the chains of communism -- and brought a new world of
freedom to Eastern Europe. Think of the role this nation played
in every one of these great triumphs -- the sacrifices we made,
the sense of mission that carried us through.
carol's parahel
Each day brings new changes: new nations, new realities --
distatorships (?)
new hopes and new horizons. Yes, dictators have given way to
democracy -- and yet dangers remain. We've put an end to a long
era of military confrontation -- and entered a new age of
economic competition. But the challenges we face -- the sheer
complexity of our world -- can't obscure the basic values that
guide this Nation. I'm talking about the big issues that shape
our world -- about the values close to home. Everything I've
done -- I've done to preserve and advance three precious
legacies: strong families. Good jobs. A world at peace.
I want to talk today about the most important foreign policy
opportunity of our time -- an opportunity that will affect the
security and the future of every American, young and old,
rambles
throughout this decade. The democratic revolutions underway in
Russia, in Armenia, Ukraine and in the other new, independent
states represent the best hope for peace in the world in my
2
lifetime, and very likely in the lives of even the young children
we nurture today to carry on the American experience in democracy
in the twenty-first century.
Shortly after taking office three years ago, I outlined a
new American strategy in response to the changes underway in the
Soviet Union and East and Central Europe: to move beyond
containment, to use the power of the United States and its allies
to end the Cold War with freedom's victory.
Now, after dramatic revolutions in Poland, Hungary, and
Czechoslovakia, after the unification of Germany in NATO, after
the demise of the one country power and system of government the USSR,
too many
that threatened our way of life -- that mission has been
fulfilled. / The Cold War is over. / The spectre of nuclear
armaggedon has receded. Soviet Communism has collapsed -- and in
at
its wake we find ourselves on the threshold of a new world of
opportunity and peace.
But with the passing of the Cold War, a new order has yet to
take its place. The opportunities are great, but so too are the
dangers. We truly stand at history's hingepoint -- a new world
beckons while the ghosts of history stand in the shadows.
order
I want to outline today a new {vision} MISSI,OU for American policy
toward Russia and Eurasia. It is a {vision} that can advance our
economic and security interests around the world while upholding
the primacy of American values -- values which, as Lincoln said,
are the "last, best hope of mankind"
Above all, it is a
{vision} worthy of a great people -- the American people
a
democratic and peace-loving people who, having won the war, must
O
now secure the peace.
3
Americans have always responded best when a new frontier
(mission
beckoned. I believe that the next frontier for this generation
of Americans and the one to follow is to secure a democratic
clumry
peace in Europe and Eurasia that will ensure a lasting peace for
America.
This democratic peace must be founded on the twin pillars of
political and economic freedom. The success of reform in Russia
and Ukraine, Armenia and Kazakhstan, Byelarus and the Baltics
will be the single best guarantee of our security, our prosperity
and our values. [make this point]: democrats in the Kremlin can
assure our security in a way nuclear missiles never could.
what
If the first term of my Administration's foreign policy has
DD?
we inco don't
been dedicated to winning the Cold War peacefully, then the next
four years must be dedicated to building a democratic peace --
not just for those of us who lived through the Cold War and won
and
it, but for generations to come.
)
From the first moments of the Cold War, our mission was
containment -- to use the combined resources of the West to check
the expansionist aims of the Soviet empire. It has been my
policy as President to move beyond containment -- to use the
power of the America and the West to end the Cold War with
freedom's victory. //
Today, we have reached a turning point. We have defeated
imperial communism. We have not yet won the victory for
democracy.
This victory will not be easily won. The weight of history
-- seventy-four years of Communist mis-rule in the former USSR -
- tell us that democracy and economic freedom will be years in
4
the building. America must therefore resolve that our commitment
be equally firm and lasting.
With this commitment, we have the chance to build a very
different world -- a peace built on the common values of
political and economic freedom between Russia and America,
between East and West. A peace built on mutual trust -- not
mutual terror. A peace built on genuine cooperation -- not the
{cold peace of a Cold War.}
Today, we find ourselves in an almost unimaginable world
where democrats, not communists, hold power in Moscow and Kiev
and Yerevan. This new breed of leaders -- Boris Yeltsin, Levon
Ter-Petrosian, Leonid Kravchuk and Askar Akayev -- are pushing
forward to reform.
They seek to replace the rule of force with the rule of law.
/ They seek for the first time in their countries' histories not
to impose rule in the name of the people, but to build
governments of, by, and for the people. / They seek a future of
free and open markets where economic rights rest in the hands of
individuals -- not on the whims of central planners. / They
seek partnerships and alliances with us -- and an end to
competition and conflict.
Our values are their values. And in this time of transition
-- they seek our help.
If we are to act, we must see clearly what is at stake.
Forty years ago, Americans had the vision
(YES)
and
the
good
sense to help defeated enemies back to their feet -- as
democracies. What a wise investment that proved to be -- for
those we helped became close allies and major trading partners.
5
Our choice today is just as clear. With our help, Russia can
become a democratic friend and partner.
What difference can this make for America? First, we can
put behind us for good the nuclear confrontation that has held
hostage
hostage our very civilization for over four decades. Second, we
can reap a genuine peace dividend year after year in the form of
permanently reduced defense budgets. Already, we've proposed $50
billion dollars worth of defense spending reductions between now
and 1997. Third, working with our Russian partners and our
allies we can create a new international landscape -- a landscape
where emerging threats are contained and undone, where
proliferation is stopped and reversed, where terrorists find no
safe havens, and where genuine coalitions of like-minded
countries respond to dangers and opportunities together.
Another reason:
Across the boundaries of language and
culture, across the Cold War chasm of mistrust, we feel the pull
of common values. In the ordeal of the long-suffering people of
the Soviet empire we see glimpses of this nation's past. In
their hopes and dreams -- we see our own.
This is an article of the American creed: Freedom is not
the special preserve of one nation -- it is the birthright of men
and women everywhere. We have always dreamed of the day
democracy and freedom will triumph in every corner of the world,
in every captive nation and closed society. This may never
happen in our lifetimes -- but it can happen now for the millions
of people who for so long suffered Soviet rule.
Some may say this view of the future is unrealistic. Well
let me remind you that three of our leading partners in helping
democracy succeed in Russia are none other than Germany, Japan
6
and Italy. If we can now bring Russia into the community of free
nations who share American ideals, history will have turned a
profoundly important corner -- {and generations of Americans will
thank us for our good sense at this time of decision.}
A democratic Russia is the best guarantee against a return
to authoritarianism in Moscow, a renewed danger of competition,
and the threat of nuclear rivalry. {The failure of the
democratic experiment would bring a dark future -- at best, a
return to authoritarianism. At worst, a descent into anarchy.
In either case, the outcome would threaten our peace, prosperity
and security for years to come. //}
hammers
A democratic Russia will also help to I promote free market
sickle
economies and provide an impetus for a major increase in global
trade and investment. The people of the former Soviet Union are
well-schooled and highly-skilled. They seek for their families
the same better future each of us wishes for our own. Together,
they form a potentially vast market that crosses 11 time zones
and comprises nearly 300 million people. No economist can pin-
point the value of trade opportunities we hope to have -- but the
potential for prosperity is great.
vast new markets for
American goods, new opportunities for American entrepreneurs, and
new jobs for American workers. //
It is not inevitable, as de Toqueville wrote, that America
and Russia were destined to struggle for global supremacy. De
Toqueville only knew a despotic Russia. But we see, and can help
secure, a democratic Russia.
One of America's greatest achievements in this century has
in
been our leadership of a remarkable community of nations SE the
free world. This community is free, democratic, stable,
7
prosperous, cooperative and interdependent, and America is the
better for it. We have strong allies. We have enormous trade.
We are safer as a result of our commitment to this free world.
{reinforce...?}
Now, we must expand this most successful of communities to
include our former adversaries. This is good for America. A
world that shares our values does not threaten us. A world that
trades with us brings greater prosperity.
This is the world that lies before us. This is the world
that can be achieved if we have the vision to reach for it. This
is the peace we must not lose.
this is what
Let me tell you briefly what we are doing right now to win
this peace:
Strategically, we are moving with the Russians to reach
historic nuclear reductions. We are offering our help to
dismantle and destroy nuclear weapons. We are engaged in an
intensive program of military-to-military exchanges to strengthen
the ties between our two military forces -- indeed to build
unprecedented and previously unthinkable defense cooperation.
Politically, we're reaching out so America -- and American
values -- will be well represented in these new lands. We are
the only country with Embassies in all of the former republics.
We are planning to bring American expertise to the former USSR,
to send hundreds of Peace Corps volunteers to help create small
businesses, to launch major exchanges of students, professionals
and scientists so that our peoples can establish the bonds so
important to permanent peace. //
Economically, working with the European Community and many
other countries, we have I organized a global coalition to provide
8
urgently-needed emergency food and medical supplies this past
winter. We will now send Americans to help promote improvements
in food distibution, energy, defense conversion and
democratization. I have sent to Congress the Freedom Support
Act
a comprehensive and integrated legislative package that will
provide new opportunites to support freedom while purging Cold
War restrictions that prevent American companies from engaging in
significant trade and investment.
I pledge to work with the Congress on a bipartisan basis to
pass this act. I want to sign this bill into law before my June
summit with President Yeltsin. //
Just as the rewards of this new world will belong to no one
nation, so too the burden does not fall to America alone. We are
pursuing a policy of collective engagement and shared
responsibility. Working with the G-7, the IMF and the World
Bank, we are seeking to help promote the economic transformation
so central to an enduring democratic peace. Forty-five years
after their founding, the Bretton Woods institutions we created
their
after World War II are now serving the exact purpose for which
they were created. By working with others we're sharing the
burden responsibly and acting in the best interests of the
American taxpayer.
Together with these allies, we have developed a $24 billion
package of financial assistance to provide urgently needed
support for President Yeltsin's reforms. And now I need
Congress's support to increase the U.S. quota in the IMF by $12
billion to help bring this about.
I know that broad public support will be critical to our
effort to get this program passed.
9
There will be those who say, yes, the people of Russia and
all across the old Soviet empire are struggling. Yes, we want to
see them succeed, to join the democratic community. But what
about us -- what about the challenges and demands we must meet
right here in America? Isn't it time we took care of our own? )
To them I say
My answer is that peace and prosperity are in the interest
of every American -- each one of us alive today, and all every the
generations that will follow.
As a nation, we spent more than four trillion dollars to
wage and win the Cold War. Compared to such monumental
sacrifice, the costs of promoting democracy will be small -- and
I
the consequences for our peace and prosperity beyond measure.
Let me close by emphasizing the great responsibility we
Americans now have to create this new world of peace.
America has had three opportunities in this century to help
construct a lasting peace in Europe. Seventy-five years ago this
month, the United States entered World War I to tip the balance
against aggression. Yet with the battle won, America withdrew
across the ocean--and the "war to end all wars" produced a peace
that did not last a generation. Indeed, by the time I was born
in 1924, the peace was already unravelling. Germany was in
economic chaos which soon led to a fascist dictatorship. The
seeds of ànother and more terrible war were sown.
{The mistakes of the 1920s and 1930s had to be redeemed in a
global conflict in the 1940s. Like millions of other American
men and women in that war, I fought to do my duty for peace and
freedom. But that great victory over fascism quickly gave way
to the grim reality of the new communist threat.}
who! We
10
are fortunate that our postwar leaders, Democrats and
Republicans alike, did not forget the lessons of the past in
building the peace of the next four decades. They shaped a
coalition that kept America engaged and that kept the peace
through the struggle against Soviet communism. And they taught
the lesson we must heed today: that the noblest mission of the
victor is to turn an enemy into a friend. //
Now, America faces a 5 third opportunity to provide the kind
this is
's
of lasting peace which for so long was only the stuff of dreams.
Right here
I know where I stand. I stand for American engagement in
support of a democratic peace, a peace that can secure for the
next generation a world free from war and conflict.
We have a great opportunity now in this defining moment to
SOW the seeds of a democratic peace and a new prosperity which
will stand for generations. I am committed with all my heart to
this cause, not simply because it is the right thing to do --
although it most certainly is but also because I know it is the
best course, and in the very best interest, of all Americans,
young and old, men and women, Democrats and Republicans. After a
half century of an armed and uneasy peace, we can and must move
forward together toward a new world of freedom, cooperation,
reconciliation and hope.
Thank you all for this warm welcome -- and may God bless the
United States of America.
# # #