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Provo, [UT] Rally 7/18/92 [OA 7575] [2]
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Provo, [UT] Rally 7/18/92 [OA 7575] [2]
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Records of the White House Office of Speechwriting (George H. W. Bush Administration)
Speech Backup Chronological Files
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MARKER
This is not a textual record. This is used as an
administrative marker by the George Bush Presidential
Library Staff.
Record Group/Collection:
George H.W. Bush Presidential Records
Collection/Office of Origin:
Speechwriting, White House Office of
Series:
Speech File Backup Files
Subseries:
Chron File, 1989-1993
OA/ID Number:
13821
Folder ID Number:
13821-008
Folder Title:
Provo, [UT] Rally 7/18/92 [OA 7575] [2]
Stack:
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Section:
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Position:
G
26
22
6
4
KEVIN HART-
20th ann. of Sharmott Center
Freedom Test on 4th July
last yr. Provo-orem most (weark
city in nation
Mention TY DETMER
Mentin Richard Harrinton
-
Suzanni Faulk
Scenaise /dins
(my- - 212-397-8018 Plattorm in NY )
6510 POLITICAL
ERIC HOLKALB PROVO, UTAH
(HOSHAUG)HO-
named after
Sut Marriolt Center Marrott
Cunges of Byu
arroming
ask 6B am - = 10-11 end 11:30 am
Rex Lee pres. BYU
former Splichr gin. under
Reagan- good Republican
Provo mayor Joe Jenkins (R)
Salt Lake mayor Democrat
12-15, 500 people
Richard Harrington Rep. Nomine
for 3rd District
Dem. Bill orton- consenatic
Kpush him
hope 2 pick this seating again
state of Utah do very well named first in Co, in
Financial world AAA bond rats me 02 -Matn
most 1weath city
Steve Meekam
Gov's office
Press sec.
Chiy of 8tall
Debbie Turner )
Norman Bangadver
801-538-1000
624-7704
\
first Rep. you in To yrs.
Gen. Scowcroft
vehing things.
Sen. Jahe Garn - not mmc
Coop Chm,
(0)801- 254, 9340
Bruce Hough (Huts)
(h) 254, 2658
Gop HQ 533-9777
(|_______________________
the dn- David Hansen
45 miles fame Salt lake to Pmo
banks of Utah lake
Mays office
host
Raelie Ireland- - crowd raising
"Osmond group -
in
,
-173
glue Mickan
what do you mean
by New Wold Order
rapidly growing area - wordperfect Novel
an headquartered Provo-oram in Provo - very proud
of goftware ( software capital in the world)
- recog as meg most Willable areas in the country
in 1991 shoney Magagine best glace to live
(congars)
hotspot for so/tware; revalry Stwn, BYUS Uni. 11 Иth
in Salt lake (Utes) maj
Gen./Oqden
Cov's E
Cress secretary "Heather"
Ty DETMER '91 Heisman Tophy winner
Ppvo- the right move, the night place-
the family place - most liveable city
3rd in nation in conguir softalare
- beauth like valley- -
it By-Who(3) By who(?)
Byu - blu white
Utes- - reds white
U on mountainside Gumbell Bryant
Mayor Tenkins:
No local term "Provoan"
not realy used
#
trade export
420 millin info.
7 computer computer inclusing
sof tware
koow electronics / technology
$500
Unisys /Wodgerf. /Novel
million 12,500 jobs in that incurtry
defense electronics in the #
1990 most
Prove best example
recent figures
planning people -
don't describe the product give the industry
1mill exported 1 25 people employed
Copper [steel by industry
primary metals [ metallic ores (mined)
copper
360 mill ion
7,500 jobs
$200 million revenues
5, on jobs
primary 500miun
t Geneva Steel
m Provo
12,500 jobs
INFO FROM SPEVE MEEXAM
Joe Cannon and for
for iseat
= UK 334millur,
- Canala 290
1990
-Japan 200 m
exports
approximates
Debbie turner
Utah
Utah State
steals the paint the wheel ?
Univ. of Utah paints the y red
from time to time
the must Rep. Couth in state (zethaps Nation
Sodam and Gamoral M the Hudson]
/ week b4 Proneer day - AND need 10 mention
State holiday
Byoung 1847 fleim religin persumsion
24th July as important as Independence Day
Osmond Family has a Freedom Day Celibration
BACK IN
14 July 1992
- PROVO -
- 1:40pm -
VIDEO STORE IN DOWNTOWN PROVO
NEAR- CANDMARK- WHERE
Rich's Video on Freedom Blud -
UTAH FIAVOR
1991-92 Money Mag - Gram am. most
liveable City in Am.
us. Conf. of Mayors most Greath city
Ty Detmer
Byll - Cougar fans - Close to their hearts
former logo- "the family place"
nr
Provo the right move
built on fam. values, 1g. families
May 5 Chuidren 7 chuh, 10 children
Utah Vally hosp. delivers Move babis than any
Hospital in Am.
City w/ youngest Orp.
in courty
paint Y -
Uter paint
lot farther to Salt lake than to miles
consentive, straightfrrward
things we chang 6 there
"Nolunteer tethic
Pocuts of light
Provo Rever Parkway
Tree City USA- - variety 5 abundam of trus
dating back to heritage
Urban forest
- in Utah Valley-
20mins. Sun dance sking
10 min Boat Utah lake
Trut Pmo River -Walleye
Hin Provost explorer Fr. canuints region
never want to be Simpsons
updated Kevswin of Beaver Cleaves
Sweetness, in there people
quality of upe- 1
don't have lot 4 crime - some
integrity 9 citizen
90, 000 Second lavgist full sevin
Urban Centers
) Commitment to their familys
family goes skiing - see all togther
- Brigham young - Sports
Byu-
Congar Stadium - 65,000
Call Raeline back 3pm
< 1
tx
Rob
Munario/dais/time?
V
801-379-6100
tin homebyers]
landloted Utah
first time
honabuyer tax
Credit for THat
from
Our fall cherding what
aug. juce of home in
Urab - X worth of
clean dum news an on seon
way on
mortgage sagments
March
as
will
Club
Sab intonio
family value
M Chaluenger
and Ferguson
Kanny man 46 8 - Juetior
after submit Jan antonio
Marck
9 LEDEUEOFCATIES- LEAGUE OFCATIES
maint
magnmets my refan
do away n/ rishs; an age is sin;
not risks would burnt the chiny
buchet symem; not penalyids to they the
not take rentury strenghton the stropes
small bis gool:
Minisota ensures hairweaving
small businesses @ mercy of states
RNC healteme casts: water shipplid
Alo incentive to fred no such through as
gitt out of the system
Presidential Remarks
Bush-Quayle Rally
Provo, Utah
BYU FIGHT SONG ANDARE SHOUT OUT POPULATION AND " CHORUS ON to THE IS wait- GENERALLY TRAIL TO one 1/2 GLORY of or 50% ho of]
18 July 1992
Goad. Draft Student/ mbv.ot Gervia separdent assoc.
6181-586-4186
a GRIFFITH 4186
RISE * RISEARS V Total STUDENT have prep. to could get ints mak class a BYU join child coming Deve married to
and
to return missionamis to Byu
"RMs"
Good morning everybody. It's great to be out West
to
visit this outstanding university
and be here where the
come find back a wife
Cougars have devoured so many victims.
students from
tried to to introduce myself
90 diff Countries
to a cure girl but
had to fightoff 20
RMS
"The West is where we all go someday"
a famous writer once
wrote. "It's where we go when we hear there is 'gold in them
thar hills. I Where we go to grow with the country. Where we
chase our young dreams
or spend our old age. "
And today I can add
with complete authority
that the West
also isn't all that bad a place to be
when your personality
is being pummelled
your character questioned
and your
administration verbally assassinated
2,000 miles away.
I spent the past couple days away from a television set
up in
Wyoming trout fishing with Secretary of State Jim Baker
and
our sons, Jamie and Jeb.
But I am aware that something else was going on in America this
week. Something real important.
1
This is the week when all across America
crowds of panting,
sweating people overran their neighborhood video stores. From
Tallahassee to Tempe
...
Americans turned on their TV and decided
they'd rather rent "Action Jackson" than listen to: Well, never
mind.
(Seen)
(see)
other
Now
... please don't get the idea that this is some kind of Racline Irelaml
partisan attack. Stop by Rich's Video down on Freedom Boulevard
(Rick Adams)
and I'm sure Rich'll tell it to you straight. Sales aren't
all that bad during the Republican Convention either.
I know you have a lot on your minds beside politics. And I hate
to poison the air with partisan talk. But let me respond just a
little to what went on in Manhattan.
If you're one of those who prefer video renting to politicians
venting
...
I'll put it simple. You can sum up all you need to
know about the Manhattan meeting with the title of a 1965 Cliff
Robertson comedy: "Masquerade."
LARS
From what I heard about the convention
...
I wonder if the
Democrats are donning a disguise.
They're saying the right things. Pride in America's strength.
Support for entrepreneurs. Respect for law and order.
2
FAO
NYT
In fact
if it weren't for the $9,000 stuffed ponies at the
toy store on the corner
and the bullet proof vests being sold
on street corners
you could close your eyes and think they
on
were at this "home above the range" in Provo
not the "home of
the hockey Rangers" in New York City.
Provo at foothils of the Wasstch a
Mt.
But you know
I couldn't help but wonder
do they really
mean what they say? Or is this new costume something the
Democrats plan on discarding
maybe sometime right after
Halloween?
Think about it. If they celebrate the end of the Cold War
how come they never supported the strength that won it?
If they claim to be buddies with business people
how come
they want to load 'em down with new taxes?
If they are really the party of new ideas and open ears
why
not allow just one speaker to talk about the rights of the
unborn?
GOV. CASEY OF PA.
And if they start their convention with a prayer
how come you
can read all 10,000 words in their party platform
and never
run across three simple letters: G-O-D.
ACCORDING TO LATEST PLATFORM AVAIL- FROM
MENTIONED.
3
Now
don't take my word that the Democrats may not be what
they appear to be. I'm a little biased.
Listen instead
...
to a party elder. A guy named McGovern.
NYT
First name George. He called this year's Democratic Party
a
Juy 16,1992
Trojan Horse."
He said
...
and I quote
"they're much more liberal underneath NYT
July July 16,1992 16,1992
...
and will prove it when they're elected."
I know I've never said this publicly. But that McGovern. He's
an incredibly insightful man!
Now
let me be straight with you. This election isn't going
to be decided on what we say about the other side
...
or what
they say about us
...
for that matter.
What matters
...
is what we have to offer the American people.
My view of America is a little different than what you may have
heard this week. I'd like to explain it.
4
Byu Raeline Slogan Irehand
=
I know at BYU you like to say
that the world is your campus.
Let me say
that campus has been through incredible change in
four years. Because of our leadership
because of your
sacrifice and commitment
millions of people breathe free
today.
That poses challenges
and opportunities.
The question is this
can we compete
now that so many
other nations are playing our game?
We need to understand something. If we can win this competition
and we will
to the victors will go bigger spoils than
ever before in human history.
Today
far more people are eager for the fruit of our labors.
That means more jobs
more prosperity for our kids
and
their kids.
Now
that's the opportunity I see today. But how do we take
advantage of it?
Our first priority
is to create and protect jobs.
Listening to Madison Square Garden this week
you probably got
the impression that our economy was second rate
second class.
5
But keep in mind a few facts.
Davidwalkrusik chief Econ.
We are still the world's largest and most vibrant
Second to no one.
the lot time
generally economy. CEA]
We've tamed inflation
interest rates are at a 20-year-low.
David Walters USTR chief Econ.
stayee this low the Brady
(1972)
Bunch haven't
Our factories produce a higher percentage of the world's
manufactured goods than we did 20 years ago.
stet
David Walkrs USTR chinf Ean.
an
What a Japanese worker can produce in five days
American can
make in four.
Today...
We have emerged as the world's export champion.
Porter
Last year
the Japanese government asked who leads the world
you Hers
in 143 critical technology industries. Japanese firms led in 33.
Report
The United States in 43.
Philys Mayor's
the
Mayor Jenkins % Provo
office
they
And I wouldn't be suprised to learn
if that the report was
put together on WordPerfect software
made designed I ight here in
?
Provo.
WORDPerF OREM/
design ( NOVELL
Phylhis
PROVO networking stuff )
OREM IS
BSS
Smiles away.
Our economy is growing today. But it has to grow faster.
not fast crough.
Joe
6
office
Too many people have worked for a company for twenty years
only to fear that the next mail run will bring a pink slip. And
many of you young people are working your way through Brigham
Young
you deserve to be able to find a job on graduation day.
I used to run a business
meet a payroll. I learned the only
way that government can create jobs
is to support the people
who create jobs.
This is the creed Governor Norm Bangerter follows. He
understands that the only surefire way to give people unlimited
dreams
...
is by limiting the size of government.
We're going to bring some of Norm's attitude to Washington.
Debbie Turner Wash. Utahoffie
Like your Governor
...
we need a line-item veto
...
and I'm going
to get it.
Debbie Tumer Wash. utah office
Like your Governor
we need a balanced budget amendment to the
Constitution
and I'm going to get it.
clerk's office
It
And despite 31 vetoes in three years
cutting billions in
proposed Congressional spending
we need even more discipline
on the Potomac.
7
Orrh Hatch and suke
With the help of a new Congressman named Richard Harrington
we're going to treat wasteful government spending the way Karl
Pebbin
Turner
Malone will treat a European jump shot in Barcelona. We're going
to swat it back into the front row!
Dream
Team
to
Here's my second priority. A moral revolution in America.
Olympics
Americans need to understand something you all know very well.
other
"NoVsuccess can compensate for failure in the home. "
14 TIMES
Jan 11, 1987
David O. McKay said those words many years ago
and they was pres.of
harken back to a different age in America.
Murch of latter day
Saints - (in the 70's)
Today we can fly from Paris to New York and arrive earlier than
we left
but do we too often leave behind the difference
between right and wrong?
We can explore a world beyond the stars
but do we too often
ignore a neighbor down the street?
We can turn natural ingredients into miracle medicines
but
why do we feel the need to turn every argument into a lawsuit?
America won't get better until we start suing each other less
and serving each other more.
8
our
(s)
We learn these values in the living room and around our kitchen
tables. But while families help keep our lives together
government can help keep our families together.
By giving parents the freedom to choose their kidsschools. By
reforming welfare
so that we reward work and families can
stick together
not fall apart.
Only then
can our nation find its way back to our foundation.
My third priority. Quite simple. Restore respect for the law.
Elderly women in this country
watch the Berlin Wall fall on
television
but are afraid to walk to their neighborhood
grocery store.
There are kids in our cities
who hear of the Russians
reducing nuclear weapons
but then have to walk through a
metal detector at school every morning.
What do you say to these Americans? You say enough is enough.
Let's put an end to the lawlessness. Let's put an end to the
illegal behavior.
These are my principles
the things in which I believe. I
hope you agree
because they are the key to our future.
9
at
Those of you in the BYU summer school program
are here to be
prepared to "go forth to serve. " But you might be wondering
where America is going forth.
The question on your minds
is one that's been asked for
generations. Can I do better than my mom and dad? Will the
dream still be alive for me and my kids.
Well
...
I've been around for a couple years. If you'll excuse
some advice from an elder
I really do believe America's best
days are ahead.
Yes
we face challenges today
...
but I've seen this nation
climb much taller mountains.
If we can topple the Berlin Wall
we can build a strong
economy. If we can lift the iron curtain
...
we can bring the
curtain down on immorality and indifference. If we can help
people walk free in Eastern Europe
...
we can take back the
streets of America.
This is our mission. Together we'll accomplish it.
God bless you and God bless America.
###
10
To JEANNIE
Date
Time 8:31
WHILE YOU WERE OUT
M GIG GRIFFITH
of
Phone 801 586 4186
Area Code
Number
Extension
TELEPHONED
PLEASE CALL
CALLED TO SEE YOU
WILL CALL AGAIN
X
WANTS TO SEE YOU
URGENT
RETURNED YOUR CALL
Message
Operator
AMPAD
EFFICIENCY@
23-023 CARBONLESS
A10
THE NEW YORK TIMES NATIONAL WEDNESDAY, JULY 15, 1992
UNDER THE BIG TOP
"Women's right to choose hangs by a thread. - Kathy Taylor, Republican for Clinton
Excerpts From the Platform: A 'New Covenant' With Americans
Following are excerpts from the platform
adopted by the Democratic National Conven-
tion last night.
PREAMBLE
afford
The last 12 years have been a nightmare of
Republican Irresponsibility and neglect.
America's leadership is indifferent at home
and uncertain In the world. Republican mis-
management has disarmed government as
Health Care
an Instrument to make our economy work
and support the people's most basic values,
needs and hopes. The Republicans brought
Our Families
our
Fam
America a false and fragile prosperity based
Can Afford
Care
Can
Af
on borrowing, not income, and so will leave
Health
Care
behind a mountain of public debt and a
backbreaking annual burden in Interest. It is
Health
Care
Families
wrong to borrow to spend on ourselves, leav-
ing our children to pay our debts.
Clinton
Families
Health
Care
We hear the anguish and the anger of the
Our Families
American people. We know it is directed not
just at the Republican administrations that
have had power but at Government itself.
Clinton
Our Can Afford
Health Care
Can Afford
Their anger is justified. We can no longer
afford business as usual - neither the poli-1
Health
Our Families
cles of the last 12 years of tax breaks for the
rich, mismanagement, lack of leadership and
Our
Fam
Can Afford
cuts in services for the middle class and the
Can
poor, nor the adoption of new programs and
Affe
new spending without new thinking.
Therefore we call for A REVOLUTION IN
GOVERNMENT - to take power away from
entrenched bureaucracies and narrow inter-
ests in Washington and put it back In the
hands of ordinary people.
To make this revolution, we seek a NEW
COVENANT to repair the damaged bond
between the American people and their gov-
Monica Almeida/The New York Times
ernment, that will expand OPPORTUNITY,
Delegates at the Democratic National Convention showing their support yesterday for affordable health care, which has been incorporated into the party's platform.
insist upon greater individual RESPONSI-
BILITY in return, restore COMMUNITY and
Insure NATIONAL SECURITY in a pro-
WORKERS' RIGHTS
We will act against
require people who can work to go to work
purchases of handguns, as well as assault
foundly new era.
within two years in available jobs either in
part of a vibrant and expanding global econ-
sexual harassment in the workplace. We will
weapons controls to ban the possession, sale,
omy.
honor the work ethic - by expanding the
the private sector or in community service to
Importation and manufacture of the most
earned-income tax credit.
meet unmet needs.
deadly assault weapons. We do not support
TRADE Our Government must work to expand
CHOICE Democrats stand behind the right of
efforts to restrict weapons used for legiti-
trade while insisting that the conduct of
I.
LIFELONG LEARNING We oppose the Bush
mate hunting and sporting purposes.
world
trade
is
fair.
This should include
Administration's efforts to bankrupt the pub-
every woman to choose, consistent with Roe
OPPORTUNITY
lic school system
through private school
V. Wade, regardless of ability to pay, and
PURSUING ALL CRIME AGGRESSIVELY
renewed_authority to use America's trading
Demo-
Our party's first priority is opportunity
vouchers.
We will expand child health and
support a national law to protect that right.
crats will redouble efforts to ferret out and
leverage against the most sericus problems.
broad-based, non Inflationary economic
nutrition programs and extend Head Start to
punish those who betray the public trust, rig
financial markets, misuse their depositors'
TRADE AGREEMENTS
all eligible children, and guarantee all chil-
Our Government
growth and the opportunity that flows from
it. Democrats in 1992 hold nothing more
dren access to quality, affordable child care.
money or swindle their customers.
must assure that our legitimate concerns
important for America than an economy that
We will adopt a national apprenticeship-
LABOR-MANAGEMENT RESPONSIBILITIES
If
about environmental, health and safety, and
a company wants to overpay its executives
labor standards are included. Those Ameri-
offers growth and jobs for all.
style program to ease the transition from
school to work for noncollege-bound students,
and underinvest in the future or transfer jobs
MPOWERING THE POOR AND EXPANDING THE
can workers whose jobs are affected must
so they can acquire skills that lead to high-
overseas, it shouldn't get special treatment
MIDDLE CLASS
We advocate slower phas-
have the benefit of effective adjustment as-
We reject both the do-nothing government
wage jobs.
and tax breaks
Workers must also accept
Ing out of Medicaid and other benefits to
sistance.
of the last 12 years and the big government
added responsibilities in the new economy. In
A DOMESTIC G.I. BILL
encourage work, special savings accounts to
A Domestic G.I. Bill
theory that says we can hamstring business
return for an increased voice and a greater
help low-income families build assets, fair
Promoting Democracy
will enable all Americans to borrow money
and tax and spend our way to prosperity.
stake in the success of their enterprises,
for college, so long as they are willing to pay
lending, an indexed minimum wage, an ex-
An American foreign policy of engage-
Instead we offer a third way. Just as we have
workers should be prepared to join in co-
panded Job Corps and an end to welfare rules
it back as a percentage of their Income over
ment for democracy must effectively ad-
always viewed working men and women as
operative efforts to increase productivity,
that encourage family breakup and penalize
dress:
time or through national service addressing
the bedrock of our economy, we honor busi-
flexibility and quality.
individual Initiative.
unmet community needs.
EMERGING DEMOCRACIES Helping to lead an
ness as a noble endeavor and vow to create a
RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE ENVIRONMENT
We
AFFORDABLE HEALTH CARE All Americans
International effort to assist the emerging
far better climate for firms and independent
will protect our old-growth forests, preserve
contractors of all sizes that empower their
should have universal access to quality, af-
critical habitats, provide a genuine "no net
HOUSING
We must also confront homeless-
democracies in Eastern Europe and the for-
fordable health care - not as a privilege but
mer Soviet Union,
workers, revolutionize their work places, re-
loss" policy on wetlands, conserve the critl-
ness by renovating, preserving and expand-
spect the environment and serve their com-
as a right.
We must be united in declaring
cal resources of soll, water and air, oppose
Ing the stock of affordable low-Income hous-
munities well.
war on AIDS and H.I.V. disease,
new offshore oil drilling and mineral explora-
Ing.
SOUTH AFRICA Maintenance of state and local
FAIRNESS
We will relieve the tax burden
tion and production in our nation's many
sanctions against South Africa
until
there
on middle-class Americans by forcing the
environmentally critical areas and address
INVESTING IN AMERICA The only way to lay the
rich to pay their fair share. We will provide
ocean pollution by reducing oil and toxic
THE ARTS We believe in
a National Endow-
is an irreversible, full and fair accommoda-
foundation for renewed American prosperity
long-overdue tax relief to families with chil-
waste spills at sea. We believe America's
ment for the Arts that is free from political
tion with the black majority to create a
dren.
youth can serve their country well through a
manipulation
democratic government with full rights for
is to spur both public and private investment.
all its citizens.
ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVEL-
civilian conservation corps.
To begin making our economy grow, the
IV.
MIDDLE EAST PEACE Support for the peace
OPMENT
We will
push for revenue-
RESPONSIBLE GOVERNMENT
Rather than
President and Congress should agree that
neutral incentives that reward conservation,
throwing money at obsolete programs, we
PRESERVING OUR
process now under way in the Middle East.
savings from defense must be reinvested
Jerusalem is the capital of the state of
prevent pollution and encourage recycling.
will eliminate unnecessary layers of man-
NATIONAL SECURITY
productively at home, including research,
Israel and should remain an undivided city
CIVIL AND EQUAL RIGHTS
Democrats will
agement, cut administrative costs, give peo-
education and training, and other productive
Under President Bush, crises have been
accessible to people of all faiths.
continue to lead the fight to insure that no
ple more choices in the service they get and
investments. We will create a "future budg-
empower them to make those choices.
managed rather than prevented; dictators
school to work for noncollege-bound students,
so they can acquire skills that lead to high-
overseas, it shouldn't get special treatment
MIDDLE
CLASS
We advocate slower phas-
have the benefit of effective adjustment as-
wage jobs.
and tax breaks
We reject both the do-nothing government
Workers must also accept
ing out of Medicaid and other benefits to
sistance.
of the last 1% years and the big government
added responsibilities in the new economy. In
A DOMESTIC G.I. BILL
A Domestic G.I. Bill
encourage work, special savings accounts to
theory that says we can hamstring business
return for an Increased voice and a greater
help low-income families build assets, fair
Promoting Democracy
will enable all Americans to borrow money
and tax and spend our way to prosperity.
stake in the success of their enterprises,
for college, so long as they are willing to pay
lending, an indexed minimum wage, an ex-
An American foreign policy of engage-
Instead we offer a third way. Just as we have
workers should be prepared to join in co-
panded Job Corps and an end to welfare rules
it back as a percentage of their income over
ment for democracy must effectively ad-
always viewed working men and women as
operative efforts to increase productivity,
time or through national service addressing
that encourage family breakup and penalize
dress:
the bedrock of our economy, we honor busi-
flexibility and quality.
individual initiative
unmet community needs.
EMERGING DEMOCRACIES Helping to lead an
ness as a noble endeavor and vow to create a
RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE ENVIRONMENT
We
far better climate for firms and independent
AFFORDABLE HEALTH CARE All Americans
international effort to assist the emerging
will protect our old-growth forests, preserve
contractors of all sizes that empower their
should have universal access to quality, af-
critical habitats, provide a genuine "no net
HOUSING
We must also confront homeless-
democracies in Eastern Europe and the for-
workers, revolutionize their work places, re-
fordable health care - not as a privilege but
mer Soviet Union.
loss" policy on wetlands, conserve the criti-
ness by renovating, preserving and expand-
spect the environment and serve their com-
as a right.
We must be united in declaring
cal resources of soil, water and air, oppose
ing the stock of affordable low-income hous-
munities well.
war on AIDS and H.I.V. disease.
new offshore oil drilling and mineral explora-
ing
SOUTH AFRICA Maintenance of state and local
FAIRNESS
We will relieve the tax burden
tion and production in our nation's many
sanctions against South Africa
until
there
on middle-class Americans by forcing the
environmentally critical areas and address
INVESTING IN AMERICA The only way to lay the
rich to pay their fair share. We will provide
THE ARTS We believe in a National Endow-
is an irreversible, full and fair accommoda-
ocean pollution by reducing oil and toxic
foundation for renewed American prosperity
long-overdue tax relief to families with chil-
waste spills at sea. We believe America's
ment for the Arts that is free from political
tion with the black majority to create a
is to spur both public and private investment.
dren
youth can serve their country well through a
manipulation.
democratic government with full rights for
M
all its citizens.
ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVEL-
civilian conservation corps.
To begin making our economy grow, the
IV.
MIDDLE EAST PEACE Support for the peace
OPMENT
We
will
push for revenue-
RESPONSIBLE GOVERNMENT
Rather than
President and Congress should agree that
neutral incentives that reward conservation,
throwing money at obsolete programs, we
PRESERVING OUR
process now under way in the Middle East.
savings from defense must be reinvested
Jerusalem is the capital of the state of
prevent pollution and encourage recycling.
will eliminate unnecessary layers of man-
NATIONAL SECURITY
productively at home, including research,
Israel and should remain an undivided city
education and training, and other productive
CIVIL AND EQUAL RIGHTS
Democrats,
will
agement, cut administrative costs, give peo-
ple more choices in the service they get and
Under President Bush, crises have been
accessible to people of all faiths.
Investments. We will create a "future budg-
continue to lead the fight to insure that no
empower them to make those choices
managed rather than prevented; dictators
et" for investments that make us richer, to
Americans suffer discrimination or depriva-
like Saddam Hussein have been wooed rather
tion of rights on the basis of race, gender,
RESPONSIBLE OFFICIALS
We
be kept separate from those parts of the
must
limit
than deterred; aggression by the Serbian
Preserving
budget that pay for the past and present. For
language, national origin, religion, age, dis-
overall campaign spending and limit the
the private sector, Instead of a sweeping
disproportionate and excessive role of
regime against its neighbors in what was
The Global Environment
ability, sexual orientation or other character-
Yugoslavia has been met by American timid-
capital gains windfall to the wealthy and
istics irrelevant to ability. We support ratifi-
PAC's. We need new voter registration laws
that expand the electorate, such as universal
ity rather than toughness; human rights
those who speculate, we will create an invest-
cation of the Equal Rights Amendment,
abusers have been rewarded, not challenged;
civil rights protection for gay men and lesbi-
same-day registration.
ADDRESSING GLOBAL WARMING The United
ment tax credit and a capital gains reduction
the environment has been neglected, not pro-
ans and an end to Defense Department dis-
States must become a leader, not an impedi-
for patient investors in emerging technol-
tected, and America's competitive edge in
ogies and new business.
crimination.
III.
ment, in the fight against global warming.
the global economy has been dulled, not
We should join our European allies in agree-
RESTORING COMMUNITY
honed.
ing to limit carbon dioxide emissions to 1990
Once again, we must define a compelling
levels by the year 2000.
vision for global leadership at the dawn of a
THE DEFICIT Addressing the deficit requires
II.
new era.
OZONE DEPLETION The United States must be
fair and shared sacrifice of all Americans for
Republican leaders have urged Americans
a world leader in finding replacements for
the
good.
We must also tackle
RESPONSIBILITY
to turn inward, to pursue private Interests
common
without regard to public responsibilities. By
Restructuring
CFC's and other ozone-depleting substances.
spending by putting everything on the table,
playing racial, ethnic and gender-based poll-
Our Military Forces
BIODIVERSITY We must work actively to pro-
eliminate nonproductive programs, achieve
tics, they have divided us against each other.
tect the planet's biodiversity and preserve its
defense savings, reform entitlement pro-
We offer a new social contract based nei-
What the United States needs is
a
forests.
grams to control soaring health-care costs,
ther on callous, do-nothing Republican neg-
comprehensive restructuring of the Ameri-
cut Federal administrative costs by 3 per-
lect nor on an outdated faith in programs as
can military enterprise to meet the threats
cent annually for four years, limit increases
the solution to every problem. We favor a
We take special pride in our country's
that remain.
POPULATION GROWTH Explosive population
in the "present budget" to the rate of growth
third way beyond the old approaches - to put
emergence as the world's largest and most
MILITARY STRENGTH America is the world's
growth must be controlled by working close-
in the average American's paycheck, apply a
government back on the side of citizens who
successful multiethnic, multiracial republic.
strongest military power, and we must re-
ly with other industrialized and developing
strict "pay as you go" rule to new noninvest-
play by the rules.
We condemn anti-Semitism, racism, homo-
main so. A post-cold war restructuring of
nations and private organizations to fund
ment spending and make the rich pay their
STRENGTHENING THE FAMILY
Children
phobia, bigotry and negative stereotyping of
American forces will produce substantial
greater family-planning efforts.
fair share in taxes. These choices will be
should not have children. We need a national
all kinds.
savings beyond those promised by the Bush
made while protecting senior citizens and
crackdown on deadbeat parents
Family
Administration, but that restructuring must
without further victimizing the poor.
and medical leave will insure that workers
be achieved without undermining our ability
We believe in the American people. We will
THE CITIES
A national public works invest-
don't have to choose between family and
COMBATING CRIME AND DRUGS Crime is a
to meet future threats to our security
challenge all Americans to give something
ment and infrastructure program will pro-
work.
We favor insuring quality and af-
relentless danger in our communities.
back to their country. And they will be en-
USE OF FORCE The United States must be
riched in return, for when individuals assume
vide jobs and strengthen our cities
We
fordable child-care opportunities for working
prepared to use military force decisively
responsibility, they acquire dignity. When
will encourage the flow of investment to
parents.
The simplest and most direct way to re-
when necessary to defend our vital interests.
people go to work, they rediscover a pride
inner-city development and housing through
WELFARE REFORM Welfare should be a second
store order in our cities is to put more police
The burdens of collective security in a new
that was lost. When absent parents pay child
targeted enterprise zones and incentives for
chance, not a way of life. We want to break
on the streets. We will create a Police
era must be shared fairly
support, they restore a connection they and
private and public pension funds to invest in
the cycle of welfare by adhering to two
Corps, in which participants will receive col-
their children need. When students work
urban and rural projects.
simple principles: no one who is able to work
lege aid in return for several years of service
harder, they discover they can learn as well
AGRICULTURE AND THE RURAL COMMUNITY All
can stay on welfare forever, and no one who
after graduation in a state or local police
works should live in poverty.
We'll invest
Restoring America's
as any on earth. When corporate managers
Americans, producers and consumers alike,
department.
We will expand drug counsel-
benefit when our food and fiber are produced
in education and job training, and provide the
Economic Leadership
put their workers and long-term success
ing and treatment for those who need it.
ahead of short-term gain, their companies do
by hundreds of thousands of family farmers
child care and health care they need to go to
Restoring America's global economic
well and so do they. When the leaders we
receiving a fair price for their products.
work and achieve long-term self-sufficiency.
leadership must become a central element of
elect-assume responsibility for America's
We will give them the help they need to make
FIREARMS
We support a reasonable wait-
our national security policies.
problems, we will do what is right to move
the transition from welfare to work, and
ing period to permit background checks for
We cannot be strong at home unless we are
America forward together.
The Democratic Platform: Liberal Stands Clothed in Business Suits
and prayer in schools. All that Is anath-
ema to Democrats.
" CONVENTION TRIVIA
And here is a sentence from the
Democrats that would be unimagin-
25
Continued From Page Al
ma in Madison Square Garden last
ceiling on campaign donations, did not
Unlike the situation in parliamenta-
able in a Republican platform: "Peo-
night.
ry democracies, party platforms in the
ple should share in society's common
walk-through metal
have sufficient support to put their
By prior agreement with the Clinton
cases before the convention. Neither
United States bind no one, least of all
costs according to their ability to pay.'
detectors
that the liberal notions of the past were
camp, the supporters of former Sena-
did opponents of abortion like Gov.
the President. For example, Franklin
The platform also serves the purpose
25
stricken as it is that more moderate
tor Paul E. Tsongas were permitted to
Robert P. Casey of Pennsylvania.
D. Roosevelt and Ronald Reagan were
of painting the image the party wants
hand-held metal
planks were piled on. This year's plat-
offer minority planks dealing with a
Strong Abortion Stand
elected on platforms that advocated
to convey on television to the public.
balanced budgets, but they abandoned
On the convention floor, Erik Silver,
detectors
form, at about 10,000 words, is about
lower capital gains tax, a higher tax on
twice the length of the 1988 Democratic
At a news conference this afternoon,
gasoline, a spending freeze and opposi-
that goal, in deed If not in words, on
a Clinton delegate from California, un-
platform.
tion to Governor Clinton's advocacy of
Governor Casey called the platform
taking office.
derstood that principle well. "Our rep-
"self-defeating because It excludes not
Over the years, Democratic plat-
lower taxes for families with children.
But platforms are important here to
utation," he said, "is that of a bunch of
only pro-life voters but also those who
form debates have led to walkouts,
The first three were rejected on
are ambivalent but believe the number
the extent that they distinguish the
wasteful spenders. We're trying to
even riots, when emotional issues were
of abortions ought to be reduced."
principles of one party from another.
change that image."
voice votes, and the last one was de-
addressed ranging from free silver at
feated by a margin of nearly five to two
The Republican platform to be adopted
On abortion, the platform states,
the turn of the century to civil rights in
on this convention's first roll call vote.
in Houston next month will doubtless
"Democrats stand behind the right of
the 1940's, 50's and 60's and the Viet-
The supporters of former Gov. Ed-
every woman to choose, consistent
oppose abortion, emphasize develop-
Company News:
nam War in the late 1960's and early
mund G. Brown Jr. of California, who
with Roe V. Wade, regardless of ability
ment over environmental protection,
Tuesday through Saturday,
70's.
favor such measures as a term limit
to pay, and support a national law to
stress business interests and private
protect that right."
schools and favor capital punishment
Business Day
There was none of that kind of dra-
for members of Congress and a $100
Illustration by Stuart Goldenberg
PAGE
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LEVEL 1 - - 1 OF 3 STORIES
Copyright 1992 The New York Times Company
The New York Times
July 14, 1992, Tuesday, Late Edition - Final
SECTION: Section A; Page 9; Column 3; National Desk; The Convention
LENGTH: 855 words
HEADLINE: DEMOCRATS IN NEW YORK -- NEW DIRECTION;
Democratic Platform Shows Shift in Party's Focus
BYLINE: By DAVID E. ROSENBAUM
BODY:
Once organized labor and civil rights groups were the fulcrum of the
Democratic Party, and the Democratic candidates, men like Hubert H. Humphrey
and Walter F. Mondale, campaigned for poor people and workers and higher taxes
to pay for Government programs that could solve the problems of the country.
But the views that dominated the party for 50 long, what was once proudly
called liberal, are hardly in evidence in Madison Square Garden this week. The
party platform the delegates plan to adopt tonight has whole sections that would
have been hooted down not too many years ago.
For some, the passage is a sad one. "Of course I'm disappointed the spectrum
of my party has moved so far to the right," said Joseph L. Rauh Jr., the
81-year-old lawyer who helped found Americans for Democratic Action, the liberal
lobby, and who devoted his life to working for civil rights laws and union
democracy and against McCarthyism and the war in Vietnam.
A Changed Nation
But Mr. Mondale, who in 1984 was the last down-the-line liberal to win the
Democratic Presidential nominationand who lost 49 states to Ronald Reagan in
November, said he was resigned to the change. "It's a different nation now with
different issues," said the former Vice President, who is here as a delegate but
is not scheduled to address the convention.
The reason for the change in direction is no secret. The party was playing a
losing hand, routed in five of the last six elections.
"Losing has a way of focusing the attention of politicians," said Al From,
executive director of the Democratic Leadership Council, the organization of
moderate and conservative Democrats that has seen its stands adopted as party
policy.
"Liberalism," Mr. From added, "lost favor when we quit being a party of
prosperity and growth."
Gov. Bill Clinton and the man he has chosen to be his Democratic running
mate, Senator Al Gore, Leadership Council members and moderates to the core, are
trying to distance themselves somewhat from labor unions, blacks and traditional
liberal causes.
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The New York Times, July 14, 1992
Mr. Clinton jumped at the chance last month to criticize a rap performer and
take on the Rev. Jesse Jackson, and he was almost ostentatious when he went
before the United Automobile Workers last spring and supported a free-trade
agreement with Mexico that the union is opposing with all its might.
No one would mistake the Democrats' platform for that of the Republicans. It
endorses a legal right to abortion, civil rights for gay men and lesbians,
expanded child care programs and higher taxes on the wealthy.
But the party's policy makers of the Roosevelt, Truman and Johnson days,
liberals like Senator Paul H. Douglas of Illinois and Walter P. Reuther, who ran
the automobile workers' union, would have been stunned by many parts of the
platform.
Criticism of 'Big Government'
At one point, the document says Americans are justifiably angry, not just at
Republicans but at "government itself."
Another plank criticizes "the big-government theory that says we can
hamstring business and tax and spend our way to prosperity." Still another
section says labor must join business "in cooperative efforts to increase
productivity, flexibility and quality."
Much of the change is the result of demography. The electorate is dominated
nowadays by voters from the suburbs and small towns instead of those from cities
and farms.
Only 16 percent of workers belong to labor unions, less than half the
proportion right after World War II, and many of today's union members are
teachers and government employees rather than factory workers.
The unions, "are quite subdued," said George McGovern, the former South
Dakota Senator who was the Democratic Presidential nominee in 1972. "They know
how much clout they've lost."
But part of the change also arose from something that happened to the
Democrats in the 1970's and 1980's, beginning with the McGovern campaign: the
party's basic constituencies fragmented.
Before, there had been a few big groups under the Democratic tent: workers,
farmers, intellectuals, blacks. But with the Vietnam War and the violent
protests accompanied it, many union leaders and academicians turned
conservative. At the same time, many farmers became indistinguishable from from
small-business people, and blacks split between those favoring integration and
those who thought blacks had to fend for themselves.
New groups -- homosexuals, abortion rights advocates, supporters of Israel
and countless others -- demanded the ear of the party and refused to be
satisfied with compromise.
A Trojan Horse Is Seen
Finally, the main bearers of the liberal message, Jesse Jackson and Senator
Edward M. Kennedy of Massachusetts, were disliked by a large segment of the
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The New York Times, July 14, 1992
population, and that detracted from the liberal cause.
Mr. McGovern thinks the Clinton-Gore approach is a Trojan horse. "I have
a hunch," he said, "that they're much more liberal underneath and will prove it
when they're elected."
But Mr. Mondale said he was under no illusions that the party had not
changed. "We kind of used up the old agenda," he said.
GRAPHIC: Photo: George McGovern at a party in his honor last night at Tatou.
(Star Black for The New York Times)
SUBJECT: PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION OF 1992; ELECTION ISSUES; CONVENTIONS, NATIONAL
(US)
ORGANIZATION: DEMOCRATIC PARTY
NAME: ROSENBAUM, DAVID E; RAUH, JOSEPH L JR; MONDALE, WALTER F
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LEVEL 1 - 3 OF 3 STORIES
The New Republic Copyright (c) 1988 Information Access Company;
Copyright (c) The New Republic, Inc. 1986
May 12, 1986
SECTION: Vol. 194; Pg. 15
LENGTH: 2853 words
HEADLINE: The myth of Scoop Jackson: big spender, big hawk, and big loser
BYLINE: Alter, JonathanThe New Republic
BODY:
THE MYTH OF SCOOP JACKSON
AS RONALD REAGAN began his final rhetorical windup in his speech urging aid
to the contras a few weeks ago, he let fly with that name again: Henry "Scoop"
Jackson. Scoop would have wanted contra aid. Win one for the Scooper, the
president seemed to be saying. The longtime Democratic senator from Washington
state, who died in September 1983, has been mentioned in more of Reagan's
speeches than Ford, Nixon, Eisenhower, Hoover, and every other Republican
president (except Lincoln) combined. In presidential name-dropping, Scoop's up
there with John Winthrop and his "city on a hill." And last year he posthumously
received the Presidential Medal of Freedom.
It used to be that a statesman was a politician who had been dead for 15
years. Today it takes about 15 minutes. The Trident submarine named after
Jackson in 1984 was only for starters. When the Kissinger Commission on Central
America issued its report in 1984, it was dedicated to him. When columnists
like George Will want to underline a point (usually about the disorientation of
the Democrats), they haul out Jackson, whose picture hangs in Will's study.
When an aide to Tip O'Neill last year dared to question publicly the notion of
Jackson as a centrist, he was immediately rebuked by Democrats as if he had
attacked FDR, JFK, or the Social Security system. To keep the flame pure,
there's even a Scoop Lobby-the Coalition for a Democratic Majority--which hands
out the Henry M. Jackson Friend of Freedom Award to Democrats like Les Aspin,
Charles Robb, and even Claude Pepper, who are more than happy to bask in the
association.
The Communists, in their own way, remember Jackson too. At the Geneva summit
last year, a Vietnamese reporter rushed up to a group of American
correspondents. How could Gorbachev stand to meet with that man, that Jackson?
he asked with agitation. It didn't make sense to him after everything nasty
that Jackson had said over the years about the Soviet Union. Aside from
confusing Henry with Jesse, the analysis was accurate enough. Scoop will live
on in the demonology of the Soviet bloc.
It's the American canonization that's harder to figure. The most obvious
explanation is that Jackson is one of the only politicians of his generation to
bequeath his name to a part of his party. "Scoop Jackson Democrat"--you can
hang your hat on it. Jackson was strong on defense, particularly when it came
to decrying the Soviet threat; unswervingly sro-labor; unswervingly pro-Israel;
an environmentalist chairman of the Senate Energy and Natural Resources
Committee (a less well-known characteristc); and generally supportive of just
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about any kind of expanded federal program, from legal services for the poor to
the Freedom of Information Act.
But because Jackson was the quintessential guns-and-butter man, it's a little
peculiar that he would be seen as an ideal for today's Washington. A
Gramm-Rudman Democrat he was not. When the Reagan administration tried to
pursue only half of his ambitious agenda (the guns part), it still created a
historic deficit. Even liberals would agree that his support in the Senate for
programs such as food stamps for strikers and a new federal consumer protection
agency is now anachronistic. The truth is that from now until the end of the
century Jackson's urge to increase both domestic and military spending is a pipe
dream-the extreme view, as Jackson himself used to say about George
McGovern's program in the early 1970s. If you forget the liberal
domestic-spending component of Jackson's record, and stress only defense--as
many of the current hagiographers do--you've distorted his career. Jackson was
never the "centrist" he is now made out to be. He was right of center on
foreign policy and left of center on domestic policy.
So if = McGovern Democrats" and "Rockefeller Republicans" are long gone, why
the Jackson legacy? The answer has less to do with Jackson himself than with
the political objectives of those who would employ his name. Recall the
treatment of George Orwell in 1984 (the year, not the book). Liberals and
socialists tended to argue that Orwell would be a liberal or a socialist today.
Conservatives and neoconservatives tended to insist that he would be a
conservative or neoconservative. Whatever the genuflections to his abilities,
Orwell's bones were used mainly to prop up political arguments.
For those who invoke Jackson, the goal is more ambitious: to prop up
political parties. Scoop is the Republicans' perfect Democrat--a Trojan horse
with which to enter the Democratic gates. The details of Jackson's domestic
record are swept under the carpet for the purposes of this exercise. The
conservative Heritage Foundation, for instance, is dedicated to slashing the
size of government--the antithesis of Scoop Jackson's whole career. But by
invoking his name, as clever conservative writers such as Policy Review editor
Dinesh D'Souza and others have done, they can try to isolate liberal Democrats
outside the borders of party respectability that they (the conservatives) have
drawn. This is a critical element of the Republicans' electoral strategy for
the future, the old "the party didn't leave them, they left the party" line of
argument. It is intended to make anyone to the left of the Republican Party
look dangerously pink.
Imagine if instead of urging Democrats to adhere more to the traditions of
Scoop Jackson, the Reagan and George Will crowd worshipfully invoked Hubert
Humphrey. That would sound ridiculous. Everyone knows that the Heritage
Foundation and Ronald Reagan have nothing in common with Humphrey. But even a
cursory look at the record suggests that Humphrey and Jackson represented many
of the same things. Indeed, in the late 1960s and early 1970s a "Jackson
Democrat" was a sort of poor man's "Humphrey Democrat." In the late 1970s the
creature now called a "Jackson Democrat" was most often called a "Humphrey -
Jackson" Democrat. Both men stood for unashamed old-style liberalism. Not only
has Hubert's name gone down the memory hole, so too has Scoop's support for
federally funded abortions and his role in creating the Environmental Protection
Agency. When Reagan invokes Jackson, he never seems to mention that the
senator's AFL-CIO rating was 94 percent at the time of his death.
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If the Republican ruse is simple politics, the Democratic deification seems
more a case of a misreading of public opinion and political history. By almost
any standard, the old faith that Humphrey and Jackson nourished is patently out
of date. Mondale, Humphrey's protege, was crushed at the polls, but the Jackson
agenda hasn't done much better. The two most important votes in Congress in the
past year suggest that the mainstream of the party and of the public believes in
exactly the opposite of the Jackson approach--that is, in fiscal conservatism
(i.e., passage of Gramm-Rudman) combined with limited interventionism abroad
(i.e., no aid for the contras). Polls show that voters want a strong defense,
but not at the expense of arms control. Who inside the Reagan administration
has done more to block arms control than any other official? Richard Perle,
Jackson's protege and current literary aspirant. One can argue about the
rightness or wrongness of Perle's approach, but it is unquestionably out of step
with a majority of the country, not to mention the Democratic Party.
And that's what's at issue here--political appeal. Because the argument for
a Jacksonian restoration as spelled out in speeches and columns rests less on
the merits of his views (which are presumed by his boosters) than on the
assumption that the liberals' presidential losing streak requires the Democrats
to go the Scoop route or face--here's the boiler-plate--"mi nority-party status
well into the 21st century.'
The question of who's the real dinosaur isn't hard to resolve. For 40 years
Jackson was a sort of "Concrete Democrat" in the Grand Coulee tradition. Until
the very end of his life, when he supported some Reagan administration budget
cuts, it was as if no problem--foreign or domestic--had ever been invented that
could not be handled with a simple injection of large sums of taxpayer money.
His consistency on this point has often been held up as a virtue, but it had a
plodding, unreflective quality to it.
Jackson's idee fixe was born not in Munich but in Norway. As a young
congressman in 1945, he traveled to the land of his parents and saw two things
he said changed him forever: a nation as vulnerable to the Soviet Union as it
had been to Nazi Germany, and a national health-care system that saved his life
when he caught pneumonia during the trip. The cast of mind established there
and represented by the word "liberalism" was allowed to harden as the world
changed. Even Scoop himself realized that he was a little slow to shed the
baggage--or at least the nomenclature-- of the past. Daniel Patrick Moynihan
tells a story from 1976, when he and Jackson campaigned together in the Midwest.
One night they sat with their feet propped up, and watched Democratic
presidential candidate Morris Udall labeling himself a "progressive," not rd
liberal. Jackson turned to Moynihan and said, "I may not be a liberal, but at
least I call myself one."
That's probably the funniest thing Scoop Jackson ever said. He was a warm,
loyal friend, but the list of uproarious anecdotes about him isn't lengthy.
Even among those trapped in the same ideological amber, Scoop doesn't measure
up. He had little of Humphrey's zest or even of Lane Kirkland's urbane
intellect. And as a public speaker, he was a snore. "When Scoop Jackson gives
a fireside chat," the old saw had it, "the fire goes out."
The gibe is a reminder that Jackson never won much national popularity. The
man now glued together and mounted as the model Middle American Democrat
couldn't make any headway in Democratic presidential primaries, the only test we
have--however imperfect--of true national support. His 1972 and 1976
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campaigns were both disasters. In the key Florida primary in 1972, he lost
badly to George Wallace. His only electoral victories ever outside Washington
state came in crowded fields in Massachusetts and New York in 1976. In
Massachusetts he won 23 percent of the vote, mostly by pandering to the
antibusing vote. In New York, where he spent a fortune and was expected to win
a majority, he won a disappointing 38 percent of the vote, largely on the
strength of his pro-Israel record. Soon after, he was easily driven out of the
race by Jimmy Carter in Pennsylvania, exactly the type of blue-collar labor
state where he should have done extremely well.
Even as a shell for all of the party's neoconservative elements--his
essential role that year and in 1972 and 1980 as well--Jackson failed. In
national politics it seemed that practically every Jackson supporter was either
actually working for him--like columnist Ben Wattenberg--or simply interested in
him as a poor second choice to Humphrey. "Jacks on has a serious problem which
has plagued his national campaigns," wrote Peter Ognibene in a 1975 biography.
"He attracts relatively few campaign workers." About the only journalists who
ever considered him a first-tier candidate were Rowland Evans and Robert Novak.
A friend of Jackson from Seattle told Jules Witcover in 1976 that Jackson's
charisma problem resembled the troubles of a well-known dog food manufacturer.
The chairman of the dog food company assembled his staff and told them, "We make
the best dog food. We use the best ingredients. We have the best container.
We have the most attractive label. Why doesn't it sell?" After a few minutes, a
solitary voice spoke up from the far end of the table: "Dogs don't like it."
SO SCOOP JACKSON didn't embody his party emotionally, his supporters may
respond. He did politically. Back in the glorious days of muscular liberalism,
we're now told, Jackson represented the Democratic center on foreign policy and
defense issues. That would still be the center, the analysis continues, had it
not been for the onset of the rabble-rousing McGovernite forces, who steered the
party to the left of its traditional roots.
The truth is that even in the old days Jackson was on the right side of the
foreign policy mainstream, even among Democrats. In making the case that he was
a liberal in the 1950s, Jackson often pointed to his opposition to Joe McCarthy.
But in fact his public criticism of McCarthy didn't come until the Army-McCarthy
hearings of 1954, when it was quite safe to speak out. In 1960 Jackson was
among those who convinced John F. Kennedy to use the "missile gap" issue in his
campaign for president. In later years he admitted that no gap had existed.
(Jackson argued that the Democrats that year simply used information leaked to
them by Eisenhower administration officials.) After being passed over for vice
president by JFK, Jackson campaigned faithfully as chairman of the Democratic
National Committee-an entry on his resume often mentioned as a way of cementing
his place in the old Democratic center. But he held the post for only a few
months during the 1960 campaign, and later did little to help when Southern
conservatives blocked the Kennedy legislative agenda on Capitol Hill. Jackson
voted for the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, one of Kennedy's proudest
accomplishments, with extreme reluctance.
AND OF COURSE he supported the Vietnam War from beginning to end, bitterly
breaking with fellow Democrats on issues like the Cooper-Church Amendment to cut
off funding for the extension of the war into Cambodia. Was Scoop right on
those issues in retrospect? That is not to ask who was right on the true nature
of the Vietcong, or the Vietnamese communists, or the boat people, or communism
in general. The fact that Jackson may have been more prescient on those
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issues than left-wingers says nothing about the basic question of U.S.
involvement in Vietnam, which looks much the same with the benefit of hindsight.
It's hard to believe that any more than a tiny minority of Democrats still
believe Jackson was right about the war. That matters in any evaluation of what
a future Democratic foreign policy should look like.
Other old issues also resonate in the present. After turning down Richard
Nixon's offer to be secretary of defense in 1969, Jackson championed the
administration's fight for the antiballistic missile, an early version of "Star
Wars." He pushed hard for a Supersonic Transport as a national security goal
that would also help his aerospace constituents. Jacks on lost on that, and
Britain and France built the Concorde. Had he won, the United States also would
have been able to boast of wasting billions of dollars on a plane to get
businessmen home a bit earlier for dinner.
But how about his constant call to arm against a growing Soviet threat? He
warned that the Soviets were embarking on a huge military buildup, and in fact
they were doing approximatel y what he said, a major point that today's liberals
are often reluctant to concede. But conservatives are similarly reluctant to
concede that the Scoop Jackson approach for dealing with that threat has been a
failure. The much-debated 1974 Jackson-Vanik Amendment, which restricted trade
with the Soviet Union until it loosened up on Jewish emigration, was criticized
at the time by Henry Kissinger and others as an assault on detente. But the
amendment's real problem was that it didn't work. Jewish emigration from the
Soviet Union did rise from 13,229 people in 1975 to a high of 51, 294 in 1979,
but in the 1980s emigration declined again to new lows. In 1985 the Soviets let
out only 141 Jews. Meanwhile, Jackson's preferred military response to the
Soviet buildup--fixed percentage increases in overall Pentagon spending--did not
cause the Soviets to back off. Nor did it improve American military
preparedness as much as it should have. For all of his hawkishness, Jackson
didn't show much interest in whether or not all the weapons he wanted to buy
really worked.
Some old friends believe that had Jackson lived longer, he would have found
himself alongside Barry Goldwater questioning the Pentagon for the first time in
his life. "I detected no enthusiasm on his part for the way things were moving.
None. He didn't think they [Reaganites] were very subtle or well informed,"
says Moynihan, who notes that he ran for the Senate in 1976 in part as a way of
continuing the Jackson campaign. John Lindsay, a Newsweek correspondent who
covered Jackson for years, says that today's mythology is misleading. "I'm not
sure Scoop Jackson would have been, quote, 'Scoop Jackson. He was for a strong
defense, all right, but not for spraying the world with weaponry." Who can know
for sure? Jackson's real legacy may well take the full 15 years to probate. In
the meantime, the Democratic effort to find new approaches is deemed heretical
by avatars of the old thinking. Scoop as plaster saint keeps getting in the
way.
GRAPHIC: Illustration; Cartoon
TYPE:
Biography
SUBJECT:
Conservatism, personalities; Defense spending, political aspects; Democratic
Party, philosophy; Republican Party, philosophy
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LEVEL 1 - 2 OF 3 STORIES
National Review Copyright (c) 1988 Information Access Company;
Copyright (c) National Review Inc. 1986
June 6, 1986
SECTION: Vol. 38; Pg. 40
LENGTH: 5117 words
HEADLINE: The great debate; Tax reform; HR-3838
BYLINE: Roberts, Paul Craig; Gilder, George
BODY:
THE GREAT DEBATE TAX REFORM
THE TURN taken in the Senate Finance Committee away from the house tax bill
(HR-3838) improves the prospects for real reform. This turn of events makes it
more imperative than ever for supply-siders to dissociate themselves from the
bad tax policy of the House bill. That bill is proof that reductions in tax
rates do not guarantee better economic performance regardless of other changes
in the tax code. Some people talk as if repealing investment deductions (such
as the investment tax credit) woudl automatically help the economy. Such a
position is nonsensical. Repealing such deductions can help the economy only if
tax rates are cut enough to offset their loss. To know how much tax rates have
to be cut, you have to be able to measure the economic effects of tax rates and
the lost deductions. If these measurements are not made, it is possible to lose
more than is gained.
The House bill, by cutting the top marginal tax rate from 50 per cent to 38
per cent, seems on the surface to be a supply-side victory. However, other
provisions in the bill more than offset the favorable economic effects of lower
tax rates. On balance, the House bill would damage the economy. It would
particularly weaken new investment in machinery and equipment and harm exports
and non-corporate businesses. In my view, the essential goals now for those
interested in real tax reform are to make the defects of the House proposal
crystal clear, to keep similar problems out of the Senate bill, and to make sure
that the House/Senate-conference version lowers marginal tax rates enough to
offset the loss of savings incentives and investment-relate d deductions.
I definitely do not agree with those reformers who are willing to accept a
greater tax bias against saving if they can in exchange get the lower marginal
rates to which they attribute virtually magical powers. The surest way to buy a
pig in a poke is to support a tax-reform bill without analyzing its economic
impact. After the rhetorical debacles supply-siders have suffered in the past
few years, the last thing the supply side needs is more mysticism on the part of
those of its supporters who assert the primacy of psychology over economic
analysis. The small cadre of journalists and newsletter writers who have set
themselves up as the high-priest interpreters of supply-side economics make it
difficult for economists who are held to professional standards to be associated
with the movement. Somehow a school of economic thought that has no economists
in it seems unpromising.
Euphoria over a prospective second cut in marginal tax rates is blinding some
people to the realities of HR-3838. Conservat ives, and certainly
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supply-siders, should note well the enthusiasm the stridently anti-supply-side
Washington Post and New York Times expressed for the House bill. The Post
heralded it as "a tax bill that reaffirmed the historic principles of the
Democratic Party. # According to the Post, the bill "would take millions of
poor people off the income-tax rolls, shift the burden from individuals to
corporations, and reaffirm the principle of progressivity." In other words, it
is an income-redistribution bill sugar-coated with lower personal tax rates.
The Institute for Political Economy, of which I am chairman, has examined the
effect of HR-3838 on personal-income-tax rates, the costs of labor and capital,
investment, productivity, income growth, and the competitiveness of U.S.
products. We found that the net effect of the bill would be to make the U.S. a
poorer country.
HR-3838 would reduce marginal tax rates on personal income for everyone
except the lower middle class (i.e., those in the second quintile of income
distribution). Marginal tax rates for those taxpayers would rise. Moreover,
except for the reduction in the top rate, the reduction in marginal tax rates is
due mainly to the expansion of the personal exemption and standard deduction--an
expensive way to cut tax rates, because it lowers marginal rates less for each
dollar in tax cuts than do direct cuts in marginal rates. (Increasing the
exemption merely raises the threshold at which a given marginal rate applies).
This expensive approach to personal-tax-rate reduction increases the taxes that
must be placed on business investment to maintain the Presiden't commitment to
keep the bill revenue-neutral. This approach also minimizes the advantage of
lower rates. Instead of maximizing incentives that would lead to greater income
gains and reduce the number of families in poverty, the bill drops poor families
from the tax rolls by expanding the personal exemption. It is amazing that many
conservatives have been convinced that this traditional Democratic approach to
tax cutting is a novel, populist, pro-family approach that will realign the
political parties.
Despite the inefficient way in which personal-income-tax rates are cut in the
House bill, the effect of these rate cuts taken alone would be positive for the
economy. Lower tax rates reduce the cost of labor and, as a result of lower
marginal tax rates on dividend and interest income, also reduce the cost of
capital. The reduction in corporate tax rates and the 10 per cent dividend
deduction that would be phased in over ten years would also work to lower the
cost of capital and to make the U.S. a more competitive producer. The
difficulty is that the goal of revenue neutrality (figured statically: that is,
assuming no new revenue is produced by any tax cut) requires these good
provisions to be paid for with offsetting tax increases. The House bill would
raise taxes on new investment by repealing the investment tax credit and cutting
back depreciation allowances. Under the House plan the main beneficiaries of
lower tax rates are owners of existing investments (including land) who receive
a windfall gain on profits from investments already in place. The main burden
of the reduction in depreciation allowances and repeal of the investment tax
credit falls on investments not yet made. The tax-rate reductions do work to
encourage new investment, but the incentive is more than offset by the loss of
investment-related deductions. We find that the business- and personal-tax-rate
reductions would reduce the cost of corporate capital by 13.4 per cent, but the
loss of investment-related deductions would raise the cost of corporate capital
by 17.5 per cent. The net effect on the non-corporate business sector is even
more severe.
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The combination of an inefficient approach to peronal-income-tax reduction
with an inefficient approach to business-income-tax reduction leaves the economy
with a higher cost of capital than under current law. Consequently, some
currently profitable investments would be made unprofitable. In vestment would
decline, and the U.S. would become a more labor-intensive producer. Labor
productivity would fall, causing a drop in pre-tax wages. This drop in real
wages would partially offset the benefit to individuals of lower tax rates.
Taking into account the range of possible responses, real GNP would be 0.4 to
1.4 per cent lower than under current law.
Some people argue that although HR-3838 itself was not worthy of passage it
was appropriate to support "the process" in order to keep tax reform alive 50 it
could be fixed in the Senate. That approach may seem to have been vindicated.
However, supporting the process instead of principle is always dangerous. Such
an attitude exposes one to being co-opted, and it also underestimates the
importance of details. Using the process to "fix" the House bill is going to be
difficult because to truly fix it would require either taking a fundamentally
different approach or finding more revenue without further damaging the economy.
Finding more revenue would be difficult because, by our calculations, the bill
begins as a revenue loser in both static and dynamic terms. In other words,
though the bill is actually a tax cut, it is such an inefficient tax cut that it
would hurt rather than help the economy. Despite the progress made by the
Senate Finance Committee toward a different approach, the Senate will not
automatically prevail in conference.
Despite the House bill's adverse economic impact, some advocates defend it on
the grounds that shifting the tax burden from individuals to businesses is an
improvement in equity or fairness. This is an absurd idea. Business taxes are
paid by suppliers of labor and capital and by customers who buy the products.
These taxes raise the cost of production and reduce the growth of jobs and
wages. Businesses cannot be taxed without individuals paying the cost in one
way or another. The effort to shift the tax burden to business can result in a
person's receiving a tax cut in a way that reduces his future income growth or
throws him out of work. Despite the facts, even some reputed supply-siders seem
to think that business taxes don't matter because only individuals pay taxes.
But that is precisely why business taxes do matter. A tax reform that claims to
shift the burden to business is a good example of how politicians swindle
voters.
HR-3838 has other bad effects. By curtailing private pensions, the bill
would reduce capital formation and the financial independence of retirees.
Changes in accounting rules would place a retroactive tax on inventories. The
foreign tax provisions, together with a substantially higher tax burden on
machinery and equipment, would worsen the competitive position of U.S. producers
at home and abroad and would increase protectionist pressures. The last thing
we need is a tax-reform bill that strains the Western alliance by forcing us to
close our markets.
It is extraordinary that President Reagan invested 50 much political capital
in a bil1--HR-3838--with 50 little promise. How do we account for the
remarkable transformation in the Reagan Administration's approach to tax policy?
I blame it on David Stockman's statement in The Atlantic in December 1981 that
the Reagan tax cut was a If Trojan horse" --a trick to cut tax rates for the
rich. If Stockman had been fired, the President's policy might have survived
the accusation. Instead, Stockman was protected by chief of staff Jim Baker,
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who saw Stockman as an effective foil against the political success of Jack
Kemp. Stockman' S broadside sent almost everyone who had supported the 1981 tax
cut running for cover. Republicans especially wanted to prove that they were
for fairness in taxation. The immediate response was the Tax Equity and Fiscal
Responsibility Act of 1982. Sponsored by the Reagan Administration, it rolled
back, in the middle of a serious recession, most of the previous year's tax cut
for investment in machinery and equipment. Once "fairness" crowded out economic
growth as the main tax issue, the Treasury bureaucracy seized control of the
agenda and pulled off the shelf the tax reform left by Stanley Surrey a
quarter-century ago. It was sprinkled with lower rates to give it a supply-side
appearance and presented to Reagan, who signed on, thinking he had the real
McCoy.
The Administration should have become wary when George McGovern, Ralph
Nader, and the Brookings crowd were the first to endorse its "tax reform." But
by then PR had taken over policy, and the image-makers relied on pretense as a
substitute for substance. To keep "the process" moving, Baker, who by that time
had been named Treasury Secretary, ignored Kemp and the House Republicans and
turned the tax-reform bill over to Tip O'Neill and Dan Rostenkowski.
It is vital that we neither overlook the faults of HR-3838 nor repeat them in
the Senate or the conference-committee version of the tax-reform bill. It would
be a strategic mistake for supply-siders to claim as a victory a bill that would
not materially improve the economy. The credibility of the tax-cut movement is
at stake. The 1981 Reagan tax cut was an eventual economic success, but--draped
as it was in Laffer-curve hyperbole--it was an immediate political debacle. The
tax cut coincided with the largest deficits in our history. True, the deficits
were caused by the sudden and unexpected disinflation, not by the tax cut as
Reagan's opponents claimed. But those opponents, aided by David Stockman, won
the rhetorical battle, and the deficits forced Reagan on the defensive and
caused him to lose control over the budget. Should the next tax reform truly
produce adverse economic effects, or simply fail to have enough goods effects to
justify all the bloodletting, opponents would once again proclaim a failure of
supplyside economics. Supply-siders would be unlikely to survive two political
fiascos. We cannot afford a tax bill that would be an albatross to
supply-siders and a danger to the economy.
A TRIUMPH OF POLITICS
WITH THE PASSAGE of the Senate Finance Committee tax plan, the Reagan
Revolution is poised for its greatest victory. It is a triumph of
politics--unadulterated by David Stockman's grim brand of irony--won through
inspired leadership in the Senate and the House by such improbable allies as
Robert Packwood, who emerged as something of a legislative magician, Daniel
Rostenkowski, Daniel Patrick Moynihan, Bob Dole, and Bill Bradley. In fact, a
key source of the Finance Committee's 20 to 0 vote was probably a 1978 campaign
in New Jersey, during which would-be-senator Jeff Bell taught
about-to-be-senator Bill Bradley suppley-side economics. Finance Committee
member Bradley has become the Senate's most knowledgeable and articulate
advocate of lower tax rates.
The vote was also a vindication of Jack Kemp's insistence that if the
Republican Party first pursues its opportunities for tax-rate reductions, its
deficit problems will be much more easily solved. Provided that Paul Volcker
and his associates lower real interest rates and end the continuing world
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deflation, the Senate bill would drastically reduce the deficit as a percentage
of GNP. An emancipation proclamation for U.S. workers and
entrepreneurs--liberating them from serfdom to tax lawyers and accountants--the
tax reform will unleash enormous energy and creativity in American enterprise
and summon investors and entrepreneurs from around the world. Congress has
become an unexpected asset of American competitiveness.
A triumph of politics, a triumph of the U.S. economy, and a triumph for
Ronald Reagan, the entire tax-reform process is nonetheless being treated by
some conservative economists, including even some key supply-siders, as an all
but unacceptable risk, or even a bitter defeat. Norman Ornstein of AEI rushed
onto ABC's Nightline to condemn the Finance Committee bill; lobbyists galore are
mobilizing against it. Mario Cuomo is in a bitter funk and is lashing out at
Moynihan. Everywhere special interests are gathering to force the Senate to
raise marginal rates in exchange for dubious gains for particular industries.
Some supply-siders are already fretting about the impact of the Senate bill on
the so-called "cost of capital.' Others are less worried about the Senate bill
in this regard, but terrified that the final conference-committee version will
retain the provisions of the House bill they regard an anti-business (again,
because they supposedly raise the cost of capital.)
At the root of this mixed reaction is a fundamental disagreement among
supply-siders, and conservative economists generally, over the sources of
economic growth. The future of the U.S. economy hinges, in part, upon how that
disagreement is resolved. Put as simply as possible, one side--led by Norman
Ture and Paul Craig Roberts and including most GOP congressmen and corporate
lobbyists--believes that business investment is the driving force of economic
growth and that the "cost of capital" is the key to business investment. The
other side--led by Arthur Laffer and Jude Wanniski and represented by the
President--believes that individual effort and creativity are the key to
economic growth and that marginal tax rates on income, particularly the top
rates that apply to all major economic success, are the dominant influence.
Thus in political terms, when the horse trading starts, the
cost-of-capitalists will resist accepting what they regard as penalties on
business investment (e.g., the loss of investment tax credits) as the price of
lower rates. By contrast, the Laffer faction--let's call them the
entrepreneurialists--will be more willing to "pay" for cuts in marginal rates
with alleged penalties on investment. In practice, the Finance Committee bill
is likely to pass the full Senate in roughly its current form. The real
conflict will thus come when House and Senate conferees negotiate a final bill.
At that point the cost-of-capitalists will insist that the House yield on most
of its allegedly anti-business provisions, and may even be willing to compromise
on rates in order to get the House of agree. The entrepreneurialists, by
contrast, will be more willing to accept the House provisions the
cost-of-capitalists oppose, if by doing so they can keep marginal rates low.
For that matter, most of the entrepreneurialist S would have accepted the House
bill, if that were absolutely the best that could be gotten, because they regard
its slashing of the top tax rate from 50 to 38 per cent as a victory for
economic growth.
NORMAN TURE'S econometric model, similar to the one used by Roberts to
evaluate the House tax-reform bill, is the paramount analytical tool of the
cost-of-capitalists. I n this model, the cost of capital is the gross return
needed to pay taxes, depreciation, interest, and the normal expected rate of
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profit on a new investment. When taxes rise, this hurdle rate of return also
rises, and fewer investment projects can pass the test. The result is less
investmen t and thus less growth and productivity.
The Ture model assumes that economic growth is increased by any program that
reduces the cost of plant and equipment, including the necessary payout of
profits from its yield. To some extent, investment tax credits, rapid
writeoffs, lower interest costs, lower corporate rates, lower rates on
dividends, and lower personal rates, which all affect the willingness and
ability of companies to expand their capital outlays, are included in the model.
What is the matter with this approach? Nothing, as far as it goes. As an
explanation of aggregate investment at any particular time, it offers a roughly
accurate guide. But it is a closed system, envisioning a limited pool of funds
divided among different uses: chiefly consumption and capital spending. The
economy, in this picture, grows through the accumulation of capital. But in the
real economy, the value of any pool of funds or aggregate of capital is entirely
dependent on the ideas and ambitions of workers and entrepreneurs. What matters
is not the allocation of resources but the generation of new ideas and
companies. The amount of capital, and how it is shared between consumption and
investment at any particular time, is a trivial issue compared to the incentives
and conditions for creativity and entrepreneurship.
From the entrepreneurial point of view, investment "incentives" are often
counterproductive. Capital spending is desirable only if it is combined with
the best labor and management pursuing the best available opportunities.
Investment tax credits and other benefits focus on the purchase of capital
equipment rather than on its use in productive and profitable applications.
Many investment incentives favor tax shelters, corporate limousines, and plush
company headquarters over the aggressive pursuit of risky but potentially
profitable opportunities. Most investment credits favor established companies,
with an existing flow of taxable income, over new companies without taxable
profits to be sheltered.
Thus the Laffer side believes that the cost-of-capital theory errs in
treating all factors in the formula equally. For promoting growth, marginal
rates of taxation on additional income and profits are decisively more important
than anything else, including the rate of allowable depreciation, investment tax
credits, and average tax rates.
The Ture model has the great polemical advantage of rigorous theory and
mathematics. Not only did Ture and Roberts provide the most elegant and
coherent model--a vital contribution--they also offer the most detailed
mathematical projections. Like his Keynesian rivals, Roberts thinks he can tell
you exactly how m uch any particular tax change will affect the cost of capital
and the rate of capital formation and hence the rate of economic growth.
Critics of the Ture model, such as Laffer, Wanniski, and Alan Reynolds, do nto
offer the mathematical apparatus that the cost-of-capital theorists can provide.
Nonetheless, the Laffer approach has the advantage of dealing with the real
economy. Laffer points to the immense amount of disguised consumption and
waste, the tax sheltering and shifting that masquerades as capital investment.
By changing the focus of the entrepreneur from the cost of capital to the
rewards of enterprise, lower marginal rates tend to improve the quality of
effort across the whole system. By shifting the focus from incentives for
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"capital formation" (in which the Soviet economy excels) to incentives for
business creation and profits, Laffer is precisely on target.
A preoccupation with the cost of machines--a willingness to forgo reductions
in the taxation of human capital in order to spur spending on physical
capital--betrays a basic misunderstanding of the sources of growth. Capital
does not grow or accumulate. People create and destroy capital by generating
new entrepreneurial ideas.
Because the most extraordinary additional efforts, with the largest benefits
to the economy, tend to be taxed at the top rates, the Laffer side tends to
stress the top rates and their thresholds rather than the so-called "average
marginal rates" stressed by Ture and Roberts. The average-marginal-r ate
approach regards a rise in one of the lower brackets as comparable in importance
to a rise in the top rate. This averaging of all marginal rates, rather than
concentratin g on the top tax rates, is a crucial flaw of the Ture-Roberts
model. In the lower brackets, the disincentives are far less powerful than in
the top bracket, where the very horizons of the economy are defined.
Under combined federal and state rates of 50 per cent and above, common in
most American states, the earner has a larger incentive to hide a dollar of
existing income than to earn an additional dollar. In fact, presuming money is
easier to hide than to earn, the incentive to find shelter overwhelms the
incentive to exploit opportunity. This single most important problem of Western
economies-the stifling impact of high top rates hitting at low income
thresholds--is almost totally absent from the cost-of-capital models.
COMPROMISE ON these issues is made difficult by the mandate for revenue
neutrality under which the debate is proceeding. The insistence that revenue
must be measured statically--that every apparent dollar in rate reductions loses
a full dollar in revenue, with no paybacks for greater work effort, for more
productive investment, or even for luring income out of tax shelters--excludes
some of the most important insights shared by all supply-siders. Basing
congressional negotiations on static revenue neutrality is called "playing it
safe," but it is actually playing it stupid. Any tax cut or tax reform designed
to produce economic growth should yield large increases in revenues. If lower
rates do not bring higher revenues, it means the tax structure was not a major
obstacle to econ omic growth in the first place and did not need to be reformed.
Any economist or politican who denies the destructive impact of the tax code,
however, lives in a dream world. He is deliberately blinding him self to the
incredible energies and bizarre financial contortions devoted to tax avoidance
by capitalists in every country. If the tax rate is more than 30 per cent or
50, it simply does not pay to
investinmostrisky(i.e.,economitallysignificant)projects.Th a
t is why the lower capital-gains tax rate has been so important to
entreprenurship, why venture capital collapsed when that rate rose during the
1970s, and why innovation soared after the rate was again reduced in 1978 and
1981. The capital-gains tax has been the only rate that can accommodate real
innovation and enterprise.
These facts elude many economists. But they are inescapable at any
small-business board meeting or investment conference. Listen in on such
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National Review (c) 1988 IAC
meetings and you will discover that the question of tax credits arises chiefly
with regard to capital spending that is unnecessary and thus actually a form of
disguised consumption. The company buys an extra Mercedes because the financial
officer can show that with an investment tax credit, rapid writeoff, and high
resale value, the car comes essentially free. Or a firm builds a new company
headquarters to take advantage of the tax benefits of real estate.
To the extent that companies buy machinery because of its short-run tax
consequences, excess equipment is purchased. Its price then tends to rise
because of the extra demand, and the yield drops. Reynolds cites the recent
emergence, spurred by the rapid writeoffs and investment tax credits so dear to
Roberts and Ture, of many car-leasing and -rental firms that persist, wasting
capital, only because of the tax benefits. Moreover, the tax benefits for
equipment purchases are as perverse as they are inefficient. While cars that
last eight years can be written off in three, semiconductor and other
high-technology production gear that obsolesces in three years must be
depreciated over five.
The entire idea of targeted investment aid misconceives the real life of
business. Investment in machinery actually required to carry out the company's
mission is driven less by the tax code than by the imperativesof survival. In a
competitive environment, the very existence of the company is at stake. The
decision to buy a truly crucial piece of productive equipment is determined less
by narrow computations of the ost of capital than by the general strategy and
prospects of the firm, the condition of its markets, the spirit of its
entrepreneurs and workers. Marginal income-tax rates paid by investors,
customers, and workers, as well as the firm itself, have far more impact on
these crucial conditions than any targeted investment benefits.
A FURTHER PROBLEM in the Ture-Roberts cost-of-capital model is the stress on
measurements of national savings rates rather than on the actual disposable
personal savings that finance nearly all bu siness start-ups. This approach,
for example, would condemn the Finance Committee's proposal to shut down most
future IRAs. In fact the Senate approach would liberate currently paralyzed
investment capital. With exorbitant penalties and increasing paperwork, a
retirement device that could have become a good vehicle for disposable personal
funds is becoming instead just another casket for money lying in state. To the
extent that savings are incarcerated in government-regulated pens, from which to
be channeled chiefly into government securities, IRAs are more of a tax than a
tax break. One of the prime flaws of the Ture model is that it makes
conservatives indulgent toward new government impositions in the name of higher
national savings rates.
And so it could go for pages of qualms and objections, reservations and
quibbles. The key question remains: Does the tax reform reduce the top marginal
rates on productive and entrepreneurial activity? If the answer is yes, and
official revenue neutrality is maintained, the presumption favors the reform.
So far, the Rostenkowski bill, for all its problems, easily passes the test.
The Finance Committee bill does even better, though the Senate will need help in
resisting the various special interests besieging it.
The House, Senate, and Administration are all seriously considering tax plans
that would lower the top rate to 38 per cent or lower. This achievement is
worthy of a celebration. Sup ply-siders of all kinds should stop fighting and
join in the effort to remove the kinks and pass the bill. As REynolds writes:
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"Tax reform raises the return on capital, including human capital. Tax reform
lowers the cost of operating (as opposed to just buying) profitable plant and
equipment, lowers the relative purchase price of currently tax-favored capital
equipment, lowers interest rates, lowers labor costs, and lowers the relative
purchase price of currently tax-favored capital equipment, lowers interest
rates, lowers labor costs, and lowers the cost of equity financing. Nothing on
that list--not one thing--is included in the usual estimates of 'the cost of
capital.'
Compromise should be possible because each side recognizes some truth in the
arguments of its opponents. But a final obstacle remains: namely, contrary
views on the good sense and compentence of the politicians. Roberts, for
example, is skeptical of the ability of Senate negotiators to prevail in
conference committee. Roberts and his associates fear that somewhere in the
process liberals will render reductions in marginal rates merely cosmetic and
use reform to substantially increase the progressivity of the code and its bias
against saving and investment.
Cynicism about the possibilities of political change, however, ill befits
Paul Craig Roberts, who, working with Jack Kemp nearly a decade ago, transformed
the attitudes of Congress toward the supply side of the economy. To give up at
the very moment that both Houses, one controlled by the GOP, together with a
Republican Administration, are attempting a major breakthrough is simply
perverse. Moreover, the revenue-neutrality provision, though conceptually
obtuse, does restrict the damage that is likely to be done even if somehow the
liberals manage to outmaneuver everyone else.
Packwood, Dole, and Rostenkowski may not be NATIONAL REVIEW'S favorite
politicians, or mine. But God bless them. Few developments in American
politicas are so inspring as these three congressional leaders, one a big-city
machine Democrat, one a liberal Republican, and one--well, words fail me in
defining Bob Dole--all willing to join in an effort to drastically reduce the
tax rates and irregularit ies that afflict the U.S. economy. They need help,
not additional choruses of "The Cost of Capital Blues."
SUBJECT:
Tax reform, law and legislation; United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on
Finance, economic policy; Taxation, analysis
NAME:
Ture, Norman B., economic policy; Laffer, Arthur B., economic policy; Wanniski,
Jude, economic policy
04270406
LOAD-DATE-MDC: March 30, 1988
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16 July 1992
MEMO FOR STEVE PROVO 0/CHRISTINA MARTIN
FROM:
J. BUNTON
SUBJECT: PROVO ANECDOTE/ ACKS./ OPENING GRAPH INFO
DAIS AT THIS TIME: Sen. Orrin Hatch, Sen. Jake Garn; Gov. Norm
Bangerter, Prove Mayor Joe Jenkins; misc. candidates and elected
officials
Utah Valley somewhat in the foothills
at the base of the
Wasatch Mtns.
AUDIENCE: from the "Entire Utah Valley", 10,000 BYU summer
students; about 20,000 attending
BYU school mottos: "Enter to learn -- go forth to serve" [POTUS
drives right by this sing and may actually see it], "The world is
our campus"
POTUS INTRO -- Pres. Lee, Pres. BYU
EVENT SITE: indoor, Marriott Center [as in hotel family] --
where slogan] BYU Cougars play basketball [working on fight/cheer/student
Band: Timp View Orchestra will play, no invocation, American
flags everywhere NO B/Q Campaign stuff according to Craig Ray.
MARIE OSMOND may be there --- won't know for sure until last
minute.
Will fax supplemental info as avail to you in Sr. Staff office on
the road
FACT CHANGE- - PROVO RALLY; P. 6; last graph
"wordPerfect software
designed in Orem. [Delete
made right here] [Dekte Provo].
Wordperf is designed in Orem; Novell in Provo-
Novell does networking hardware; WordPert Software.
Stay funed,
R
MISS you
2 45628831
WNOC.C
16 July 1992
MEMO FOR STEVE PROVO
FROM:
J. BUNTON
SUBJECT: PROVO ANECDOTE/ ACKS./ OPENING GRAPH INFO
DAIS AT THIS TIME: Sen. Orrin Hatch, Sen. Jake Garn; Gov. Norm
Bangerter, Provo Mayor Joe Jenkins; misc. candidates and elected
officials
Utah Valley somewhat in the foothills
...
at the base of the
Wasatch Mtns.
AUDIENCE: from the "Entire Utah Valley", 10,000 BYU summer
students; about 20,000 attending
BYU school mottos: "Enter to learn -- go forth to serve" [POTUS
drives right by this sing and may actually see it], "The world is
our campus"
POTUS INTRO -- Pres. Lee, Pres. BYU
EVENT SITE: indoor, Marriott Center [as in hotel family] --
where BYU Cougars play basketball [working on fight/cheer/student
slogan]
Band: Timp View Orchestra will play, no invocation, American
flags everywhere NO B/Q Campaign stuff according to Craig Ray.
MARIE OSMOND may be there -- won't know for sure until last
minute.
Will fax supplemental info as avail to you in Sr. Staff office on
the road
OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET
FAX COVER SHEET
Number of pages
(excluding cover sheet):
/
Date: 7-16-92
TO:
JEAN BUNTON
Fax Number:
Telephone:
FROM:
NELSON ROCKEFEllER
Fax Number:
Telephone:
Time:
SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS:
THE FOLLOWING PAGE PROVIDES THE
INFORMATION you REQUESTED.
"Despite a sluggish world economy, American companies'
exports created 2.7 million new jobs over the past 5 years.
1.3 million new jobs have been created over the past 3
years. "
15 July 1992:
TO DO TODAY
Fact Check Boys Nation -- Washington quote not Jefferson etc. -
joke about Gore/Clinton and Alexander Cheney
- add graph on family values
Average price of Utah home:
Average mortgage payment in Utah:
translated into first-time homebuyer tax credit
Called UTAH GOP exec. dir.
J.D. Foster, Chief Economist - CEA:
According to the Bush Record [accomplishments] -- the frist-time
homebuyer tax credit would have benefitted just over 1 million
first-time homebuyers. [Based on Treasury estimate of $5 billion
for credit issued in $5,000 allotments equals just over 1 million
recipients].
Utah - Gov. Bangerter has line-item-veto power; state has had BBA
- since founding in 1893
Will Sec. Cheney be in Wyoming? Wendy in scheduling
No
16 Jun'92
C:\WORK\WP50\DO
Doc 1 Pg 1 Ln 2.67" Pos 1"
Karl Mallone are 401 bath
John Stockton popularen Prog?
Grady Nelson 4844 Rocketelled on jobs (3492) for 3 3 years not 5 - Grady island m vacation on an
Itah hosputal - babies / 10th youngt Figulations
# vehics 31 / 44 saved from congressonal spending In vetoer
Utah staff
basic
-
MarrisH Center indor
Rbvey challenge 2 find
W/O Grady here - tryo to /
do all can
13 JULY 1992
MEMO FOR STEVE PROVOST
FROM:
J. BUNTON
SUBJECT: PROVO B/Q RALLY
Political -- Eric Hoghaugh, in Utah said this is what's doing:
Saturday, July 18, around 10-11 am [time tentative]
Event to be held at the Marriott Center [until I speak with
Advance -- don't know exactly what Marriott Center is], on the
campus of BYU --Ask GB will be that morning before the rally;
Rex Lee, former solicitor Gen. under Pres. Reagan -- a "good
Republican" is the President of BYU
Gen. Scowcroft is from Utah, Roger Porter is from Provo
audience of 12-15,000 people [Mayor Joe Jenkins, mayor of Provo,
is gathering the crowd -- waiting on feedback from them
Richard Harrington, Republican nominee for the third District --
one of the most Republican in the nation, up against Democrat
Bill Orton -- we hope to pick up this seat.
Utah is doing very well -- see attached memo from Gov. 's office.
I am in touch with Gov. Bangerter's office -- have calls in to
GOP Chair -- Bruce Hough and Exec. dir. David Hansen for
homebuyer tax credit example.
MORE:
15 JULY 1992
J.D. Foster, Chief Economist - CEA:
According to the Bush Record [accomplishments] -- the frist-time
homebuyer tax credit would have benefitted just over 1 million
first-time homebuyers. [Based on Treasury estimate of $5 billion
for credit issued in $5,000 allotments equals just over 1 million
recipients].
Utah - Gov. Bangerter has line-item-veto power; state has had BBA
- since founding in 1893
Hans Kuttner in OPD working on getting # of children attending
Church sponsored day care; Hans said number attending as result
of child care act is not available b/c don't require states to
report it -- basically don't keep track.
According to Rae Nelson on OPD:
In 1991, 37 states had choice legislation pending in one form or
another;
Since 1989, 10 states have enacted major school choice
legislation;
[Since I took office --- 10 states have passed major school
choice legislation and another 37 states are considering
choice legislation in one form or another]
to date 45 states have adopted America 2000
PROVO TRIVIA!!
Info from Raeline Ireland in Mayor's Office
Local Provo video store -- Rich's Video -- located on Freedom
Blvd. [this is so great]
Provo-Oram was 1991-92 Money Magazine most liveable city in
America; US Conf. of Mayors also voted a most liveable city in
America
Ty Detmer still popular -- anything about BYU Cougars big time
popular, Cougar stadium holds 65,000 people for football games
former Provo logo was "The family place", new logo is "Provo the
right move"
Community built on fmaily values, large families, the mayor has
five kids, some families are as large as 10 kids
Utah Valley Hospital delivers more babies than any hospital in
America
City with the youngest population in America
conservatve, straightforward people, high volunteer ethic, points
of light recipients in Provo -- for Provo River Parkway
Tree City USA for variety and abundance of trees -- dating back
to heritage -- heirloom trees, urban forest, town located in the
Utah Valley;
20 mins form Sundace Skiiing, 10 mins. from boating in Utah lake
and Trout and Walleye fishing in the Provo River
Etienne Provost a french explorer is the father of the town
these people are an updated version of the Cleavers [Ward, June,
the Beave, Wally] want nothing to do with Marge and Homer
Simpson;
sweatness in the people, quality of life
don't have a lot of crime, pop. of 90,000 second largest city in
Utah
committed to theri families -- see families out inthe boat skiing
with children going to BYU sporting events etc.
From Debbie Turner -- Washington Gov. Utah office:
time to time, Univ. of Utah paints BYU's "Y" red -- up on the
side of the hill
more to come on this one
Utah County is the most Republican county in the state, perhaps
nation;
POTUS will be in Utah one week prior to "Pioneer Day" [July 24] -
- this is a state holiday -- right up there with Fourth of July
celebrations-- really important state holiday, commemorates
Brigham Young and the Mormons fleeing religious persecution
[POTUS fleeing Democratic persecution], trying to find out other
happening events
Rep. Jim Hansen [R] Utah has enough frequent flyer miles to fly
25 constiutents from Ophir, Utah to Washington, D.C. -- twice
according to the Salt Lake Tribune
John Stockton and Carl Malone [Utah Jazz] are members of the
"Dream Team" -- going to Barcelona. After b-ball career Malone
plans to start trucking firm
has an 18 wheeler equipped witrh
microwave, fax machine, TV to haul potatoes
HOT ISSUE: Utah one of two states has absolutely no gambling --
pressure to start paramutual betting -- Mormon Church opposed,
some staunch members of legislature actually support it
HOT ISSUE: Balance Budget Amendment, Bangerter supports strongly
-- Utah constitution requires a balanced budget [been in
constitution since 1896 -- when made a state] will draw big
applause; no line item veto though -- wish they did.
Gov. was ready to call a special session to ratify if Congress
passed the BBA.
According to Gov. Bangerter's Chief of Staff:
Steve Meekam
#1 trade/export in Utah is the electronics/information technology
industry [for example Word Perfect and Novel headquartered in
Provo] which together is worth about $500 million and 12,500
jobs
SENT BY:UTAH WASH DC OFFICE ; 7-14-92 4:21PM ;
2026247707
2024566218:# 1
OF
GREAT IDEAL OF SEAL THE STATES UTAH OF
for 624-7707
THE 1895
STATE OF UTAH
DEBORAH TURNER
WASHINGTON OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR
DIRECTOR
NORMAN H. BANGERTER
444 NORTH CAPITOL STREET. SUITE 204
GOVERNOR
WASHINGTON. D.C., 20001
(202) $24-7704
6
TELECOPY
TO Jeannie Buton
FROM Debbie Turner
DATE 7-14-92
SUBJECT Utah info
o
WE WILL BE TRANSMITTING
9
PAGES
(Including this cover sheet)
o
IF YOU DO NOT RECEIVE ALL THE PAGES, PLEASE CALL
(202) 624-7704
REMARKS:
Jeannie: Hope these things help! d was
Utah's constitution item does
wrong - give the Governorn line
veto authority-
SENT BY:UTAH WASH DC OFFICE
;
7-14-92
4:22PM ;
2026247707->
2024566218:# 2
EDITORIAL COLUMN
BY GOVERNOR NORMAN H. BANGERTER
"CONGRESS MUST PASS
A BALANCED BUDGET AMENDMENT"
SENT BY:UTAH WASH DC OFFICE
;
7-14-92
4:22PM
;
2026247707->
2024566218:# 3
JL.11
President Bush is right. We must have a Balanced Budget
Amendment. Congress has a golden opportunity this week to take a tip
from Utah -- by adding a Balanced Budget Amendment to the constitution.
A vote in the U. S. House of Representatives is scheduled for today.
If Congress passes a Balanced Budget Amendment, 1 will immediately call
the Utah Legislature into Special Session to ratify the amendment.
Congress must not be allowed to continue the endless taxing and
spending that are driving our nation toward financial calamity. The
federal government must be bound by the same restrictions faced by every
American family, to live within their means with a balanced budget.
For too long, Congress has spent the public's money without
exhibiting the slightest discipline that would be required by a Balanced
Budget Amendment. Interest payments now represent nearly 15 percent of
the federal budget -- an average of $65,000 for a family of four. The
deficit is projected to gobble up 6.8 percent of our gross domestic
product, almost two and a half times the level many economists deem
harmful to economic growth. The money spent on interest could be better
used by families to save, and by businesses to Invest in research and to
create jobs.
Every year we delay taking steps to control federal spending, the
deeper the national debt becomes. The Texas-based Institute for Policy
Innovation recently projected that the growth of federal spending, if It
continues at the present rate, will be 30 percent of our national income by
the start of the new century.
I acknowledge the short-term, difficult challenges that a balanced
budget amendment will create. However, the longer we delay, the more
difficult those challenges become.
In Utah, there is no "passing the buck" when it comes to budgeting.
The requirement to balance our budget forces us to distinguish between
our real needs and our wants. There are no "blank checks." Sometimes we
must say no to good ideas that are not within our means.
SENT BY:UTAH WASH DC OFFICE
;
7-14-92
4:23PM ;
2026247707
2024566218:# 4
When I visited President Salinas of Mexico last fall we discussed
two crucial points: first, in public finance there must be restraint; and
second, expenditures must be tied to revenues. If Congress would ascribe
to these simple principles -- there would be no budget deficit. In Utah,
we understand this philosophy and it has made Utah number one in fiscal
responsibility.
Furthermore, as Utah's Governor, 1 have another tool that helps me
meet my responsibility to control spending -- the line-item veto. This
permits me to cut expenditures Utah simply cannot afford. The President
needs the line-item veto.
The accountability we have in Utah is missing on the federal level.
Congress has been pork-barreling budgets with projects to please special
interest groups, which has pushed the national debt to reach $4 trillion.
Congress now has a chance to stop the spending spree and start
playing by the same rules as Governors and state legislators across
America. Congress must support President Bush and pass a Balanced
Budget Amendment, NOW.
SENT BY:UTAH WASH DC OFFICE
7-14-92
4:24PM
20262477074
455
2024566218:# 5
454
ge as provided by law.
The Governor and other State and Judicial officers,
The Legislature shall not authorise the State, or
except justices of the peace, shall be liable to im-
any county, city, town, township, district or other po-
1982
peachment for high crimes, miademeanors, or malfen-
litical subdivision of the State to lend its credit or
0 be judge of election,
sance in office; but judgment in such cases shall ex.
subscribe to stock or bonds in aid of any railroad,
ions of its members -
tend only to removal from office and disqualification
telegraph or other private individual or corporate en-
to hold any office of honor, trust or profit in the State.
terprise or undertaking.
1979
judge of the election and
The party, whether convicted or acquitted, shall, nev-
Sec. 30. [Continuity in government.)
ers, and may punish them
ertholess, be liable to prosecution. trial and punish- 1896
(1) Notwithstanding any general or special provi-
1 with the concurrence of
ment according to law.
sions of the Constitution, in order to insure continu-
sers elected, expel a mem-
1898
Sec. 20. [Service of articles of impanchment.]
ity of state and local government operations when
No person shall be tried on impeachment, unless he
such operations are seriously disrupted as a result of
quorum - Attendance
shall have been served with a copy of the articles
natural or man-made disaster or disaster caused by
thereof, at least ten days before the trial, and after
enemy attack, the Legislature may:
TO of each house shall con-
such service he shall not exercise the duties of 1898 his
(a) provide for prompt and temporary succes-
ict business, but B smaller
office until he shall have been acquitted.
sion to the powers and duties of any elected or
day to day, and may com.
appointed public office, the incumbents of which
nt members in such man-
Sec. 21. [Removal of officers.]
may become unavailable for carrying on the
ies as each house may pre.
All officers not liable to impaachment shall be re-
powers and duties of such offices; and
180g
moved for any of the offenses specified in this article, 1600
(b) adopt measures necessary and proper for
in such manner as may be provided by law.
insuring the continuity of governmental opera-
oning officers and em.
tions including, but not limited to, the financing
Sec. 22. [Reading of bills - Bill to contain only
thereof.
ine the rules of its proceed.
one subject - Bills passed by major-
(2) Subsection (1) does not permit these temporary
icers and employees. 1806
ity.]
public officers to act or these temporary measures to
Every bill shall be read by title three separate
be contrary to the Constitution and applicable law.
be filled.)
times in each house except in cases where two-thirds
1990
our in either house of the
of the house where such bill is pending suspend this
in such manner as may be
requirement. Except general appropriation bills and
See. 31. [Additional compensation of legisla-
1530
bills for the codification and general revision of laws,
tors.]
no bill shall be passed containing more than one sub-
For attendance at meetings of interim committees
Year and nays.)
ject, which shall be clearly expressed in its title. The
established by law to function between legislative
1 journal of its proceedings,
vote upon the final passage of all bills shall be by
sessions, members of the Legislature shall receive ad-
inscutive sessions, shall be
year and nays and entered upon the respective jour-
ditional per diem compensation and mileage at a rate
ad nays on any question, at
rais of the house in which the vote occurs. No bill or
not to exceed that provided in this Constitution for
ert of such house, shall be
joint resolution shall be passed except with the assent
regular legislative sessions.
1973
1008
of the majority of all the members elected to each
house of the Legislature.
1972
Sec. S2. [Appointment of additional om.
be public - Adjours-
ployeas.)
Sec. 23. [Repealed.]
INSE
The Legislature may appoint temporary or perma-
slature, except those of the
nent nonmember employees for work during and be-
executive session, shall be
Sec. 34. [Presiding officers to sign bills.]
tween sessions, including independent legal counsel
without the consent of the
The presiding officer of each house, not later than
which shall provide and control all legal services for
ore than three days, nor to
five days following adjournment, shall sign all bills
the Legislature except as the Legislature by law shall
in which it may be holding
and joint resolutions passed by the Legislature, certi-
authorize performance thereof by the attorney gen-
1000
lying to their accuracy and authenticity as enacted by
eral.
1973
the Legislature.
1973
sessions.]
Sec. 83. [Legislative auditor appointed.]
sion of the legislature shall
See. 35. (Publication of note - Effective dates
The Legislature shall appoint a legislative auditor
except in casse of imposch-
of ante.]
to serve at its pleasure. The legislative auditor shall
hall exceed so calendar
All acts shall be officially published. and no act
have authority to conduct audits of any funds, func-
achment. When any Not-
shall take effect until sixty days after the adjourn-
tions, and accounts in any branch, department,
to cases of impeachment
ment of the session at which it passed, unless the
agency OF political subdivision of this state and shall
.t may remain in secaion
Legislature by a vote of two-thirds of all the members
perform such other related duties as may be pre-
10 members shall receive
sisuted to each house, shall otherwise direct.
1975
scribed by the Legislature. He shall report to and be
ses and mileage for those
answerable only to the Legislature.
1972
Sea. 26. (Private Invo forbidden.)
1804
No private or special law shall be enacted where a
14 by House.]
general law can be applicable.
1872
ARTICLE VII
statives shall have the role
Bes. 27. [Lotterias not authorized.)
EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT
ut in order to impeach, two-
elected must vote therefor.
The Legislature shall not authorize any game of
1996
dates, lottery or gift enterprise under any pretense
Section
- be any purpose.
1. (Executive department - Terms, residence, and
1973
duties of officers.]
eachment by Senate.)
1 be tried by the Senate. and
the 28. [Special privileges forbidden.]
2. [Election - Tie, Legislature to elect - Governor
or that purpose, shall take
The Legislature shall not delegate to any special
and Lisutenant Governor elected
Ti to do justice according to
exemission, private corporation or association, any
jointly.]
e. When the Governor is all
Imme to make, supervise or interfere with any mu-
3. (Qualifications of Governor, Lisutenant Gover-
of the Supreme Court shall
medical improvement, money, proporty OF effects,
nor, Attorney General and other exec-
be convicted without the entr was
whesher held in trust or otherwise, to levy taxes, to
utive offices.]
the senators elected.
a 1 8 capitol alta, or to perform any municipal func-
4. [Governor commander-in-chief.)
1972
5. [Executive power vested in Governor - Duties.]
-
/
6. [Convening of extra secsions of Legislature.)
[Leading public credit forbidden.)
7. [Adjournment of Legislature by Governor.)
-
SENT BY:UTAH WASH DC OFFICE
7-14-92
4:25PM
2026247707->
2024566218; 6
457
Art. VII, # 1
CONSTITUTION OF UTAH
456
Governor may disapprov.
Section
The Governor shall be Commander-in-Chief of the
contained in any bill whi
8. [Bills presented to Governor Veto Appropri-
military forces of the State, except when they shall be
of the bill; and in such (
ation bills Recenvening of Legisla-
called into the service of the United States. The Gov-
pend to the bill at the tir
ture to consider vetood bills.)
ernor shall have power to call out the militia to exe-
of the item or items whic
9. [Governor may fill certain vacancies.]
cute the laws, to suppress insurrection, or to repel
with the reasons theref
10. [Governor's appointive power - Vacancies.]
invasion.
1979
shall not take effect unl
11. (Vacancy in office of Governor - Determination
nor's objections as provide
of disability.)
Sec. 5. [Executive power vested in Governor
ernor disapproves any b
12. [Board of Pardons Respites and reprieves.]
Duties]
after the adjournment si
13. [Board of Examiners.]
The executive power of the State shall be vested in
14. [Duties of Lieutenant Governor.]
the Governor, who shall see that the laws are faith-
Legislature, the presidin
15. [Duties of State Auditor and State Treasurer.]
fully executed. The Governor shall transact all execu-
poll the members of that
convening the Legislatur
16. [Duties of Attorney General.]
tive business with the officers of the government,
civil and military, and may require information in
here of each house are i
17. [Repealed.]
writing from the officers of the Executive Depart-
Legislature shall be con'
18. [Compensation of state and district officers.)
ceed five calendar da
19. (Grants and commissions.]
ment, and from the officers and managers of State
20. (The Great Seal.)
Institutions upon any subject relating to the condi-
the presiding officer
tion, management, and expenses of their respective
pose of reconsidering
21. [United States' officials ineligible to hold state
office.]
offices and institutions, and at any time when the
disapproved. If upon
Legislature is not in session, may, if deamed naces-
of appropriation agai
22, 23. [Transferred.]
24. [Repealed.]
sary, appoint a committee to investigate and report to
islature by a yea an
the Governor upon the condition of any executive of-
members elected to e
Section 1. (Executive department - Terms,
fice or State Institution. The Governor shall com-
law or the item of app
residence, and duties of officers.]
municate by message the condition of the State to the
The elective constitutional officers of the Executive
Legislature at every regular session, and recommend
Sec. 9. [Governor me
Department shall consist of Governor, Lieutenant
such measures as may be deemed expedient.
1079
When any State or di
Governor, State Auditor, State Treasurer, and Attor-
cant, and no mode is prov
ney General, each of whom shall hold office for four
Sec. 6. [Convening of extra sessions of Legisla.
laws for filling such vace
years, beginning on the first Monday of January next
ture.)
the power to fill the san
after election. The officers of the Executive Depart-
On extraordinary occasions, the Governor may con-
which shall expire at 1
ment, during their terms of office, shall reside within
vene the Legislature by proclamation, in which shall
qualification of the perso
the State and shall keep the public records, books and
be stated the purpose for which the Legislature is to
papers as provided by law. They shall perform such
be convened, and it shall transact no legislative busi-
Sec. 10. [Governor's
duties as are prescribed by this Constitution and as
ness except that for which it was especially convened,
cancies.]
provided by law.
1079
or such other legislative business as the Governor
The Governor shall no
may call to its attention while in session. The Legis-
sent of the Senate, appo
Sec. 2. [Election - Tie, Legislature to elect -
lature, however, may provide for the expenses of the
cers whose offices are €
Governor and Lieutenant Governor
session and other matters incidental thereto. The
tion, or which may be C1
elected jointly.]
Governor may also by proclamation convens the Sen-
pointment or election is
The officers provided for in Section one of this arti-
ate in extraordinary session for the transaction of ex-
during the recess of the
cle shall be elected by the qualified voters of the State
ecutive business.
1979
any State or district of
at the time and place of voting for members of the
point some qualified pe
Legislature, and the persons respectively having the
Sec. 7. [Adjournment of Legislature by Gover.
thereof until the next 1
highest number of votes cast for the office voted for
nor.]
the Governor shall nom
shall be elected; but if two or more shall have an
In case of B disagreement between the two houses
office. If the office of Lit
equal and the highest number of votes for any one of
of the Legislature at any special session, with respect
ditor, State Treasurer 01
said offices, the two houses of the Legislature, at its
to the time of adjournment, the Governor shall have
by death, resignation
next session, shall elect forthwith by joint ballot one
power to adjourn the Legislature to such time as the
duty of the Governor to
of such persons for said office.
Governor may think proper if it is not beyond the
from the same political
In the election, the names of the candidates for
time fixed for the convening of the next Legislature.
and the appointee shall
Governor and Lieutenant Governor for each political
party shall appear together on the ballot, and the
line item
1979
shall be elected and qua
votes cast for a candidate for Governor shall be con-
Sec. 8. [Bills presented to Governor - Veto -
sidered as also cast for the candidate for Lieutenant
Appropriation bills Reconvening of
Sec. 11. (Vacancy in
Governor.
1979
Legislature to consider vetood bills.)
termination
Every bill passed by the Legislature, before it be-
In case of the death o
Sec. S. [Qualifications of Governor, Lieutenant
comes a law, shall be presented to the Governor; if
removal from office. TEI
Governor, Attorney General and other
approved, the Governor shall sign it, and thereupon it
charge the duties of the
executive offices.]
shall become a law; but if disapproved, the bill shall
nor-elect who fails to ti
To be eligible for the office of Governor or Lieuten-
be returned with the Governor's objections to the
ties of the Governor sh
ant Governor a person shall have attained the age of
house in which it originated, which house shall enter
ant Governor until the
thirty years at the time of election. To be eligible for
the objections at large upon its journal and proceed to
next general election.
the office of Attorney General a person shall, at the
reconsider the bill. If upon reconsideration the bill
filled by election. If, du
time of election, have attained the age of twenty-five
again passes both houses by a yea and nay vote of
Governor, the Lieuters
years, be admitted to practice before the Supreme
two-thirds of the members elected to each house, it
removed, or becomes in
Court of the State of Utah and be in good standing at
shall become a law. If any bill is not returned by the
ties of the office, the Pr
the bar. No person shall be eligible to any of the of-
Governor within ten days after it has been presented
as Governor until the
fices provided for in Section 1 of this article, unless at
to the Governor, Sunday and the day it was received
ceases. If in this case t
the time of election that person is a qualified voter
excepted. it shall become a law without a signature;
signs, dies. is removed
and shall have been A resident citizen of the State for
but if legislative adjournment prevents return of the
forming the duties of
five years next preceding election.
1970
bill, it shall become A law unless the Governor within
House shall act as G
twenty days after adjournment files the objections
Sec. 4. [Governor commander-in-chief]
filled or disability cest
thereto with such officers as provided by law. The
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An
400
Governor may disapprove any item of appropriation
nine
ties of the Governor as provided in this section
nor shall be Commander-in-Chief of the
contained in any bill while approving other portions
Lieutenant Governor. the President of the Sena
es of the State, except when they shall be
of the bill; and in such case the Governor shall ap-
the Speaker of the House, as the case may be, sh.
he service of the United States. The Gov-
pend to the bill at the time of signing it a statement
entitled to the salary and emoluments of the G
have power to call out the militia to exe-
of the item or items which are disapproved, together
nor, except in cases of temporary disability.
vs, to suppress insurrection, or to repel
with the reasons therefor, and such item or items
The disability of the Governor or person acti
1979
shall not take effect unless passed over the Gover-
Governor shall be determined by either a written
nor's objections as provided in this section. If the Gov-
laration transmitted to the Supreme Court b
recutive power vested in Governor
ernor disapproves any bill or item of appropriation
Governor stating an inability to discharge the P
uties.)
after the adjournment sine die of any session of the
and duties of the office or by a majority of th
tive power of the State shall be vested in
Legislature, the presiding officer of each house shall
preme Court on joint request of the President
", who shall see that the laws are faith-
poll the members of that house on the matter of re-
Senate and the Speaker of the House of Repres
d. The Governor shall transact all execu-
convening the Legislature. If two-thirds of the mem-
tives. Such determination shall be final and or
a with the officers of the government,
bers of each house are in favor of reconvening, the
sive. Thereafter, when the Governor transmits
litary, and may require information in
Legislature shall be convened in a session not to ex-
Supreme Court a written declaration that no di
1 the officers of the Executive Depart-
ceed five calandar days and at a time set jointly by
ity exists, the Governor shall resume the power
'om the officers and managers of State
upon any subject relating to the condi-
the presiding officer of each house, solely for the pur-
duties of the office unless the Supreme Court,
ment, and expenses of their respective
pose of reconsidering the bill or item of appropriation
joint request of the President of the Senate ar
disapproved. If upon reconsideration, the bill or item
Speaker of the House of Representatives, or up
natitutions, and at any time when the
of appropriation again passes both houses of the Leg-
own initiative, determines that the Governor
a not in session, may, if deemed neces-
islature by a yes and may vote of two-thirds of the
able to discharge the powers and duties of the
a committee to investigate and report to
members elected to each house, the bill shall become
The Lieutenant Governor shall then continue
upon the condition of any executive of-
law or the item of appropriation shall take effect.
charge these powers and duties as acting Gov
Institution. The Governor shall com-
1979
The Supreme Court has exclusive jurisdiction
message the condition of the State to the
termine all questions arising under this section.
t every regular session, and recommend
Sec. 9. [Governor may fill certain vacancies.]
18 as may be deemed expedient.
1979
When any State or district office shall become ve-
cant, and no mode is provided by the Constitution and
avening of extra sessions of Legisla-
laws for filling such vacancy, the Governor shall have
Sec. 12. [Board of Pardons - Respites as
re.]
the power to fill the same by granting a commission,
dinary occasions, the Governor may con.
which shall expire at the next election, and upon
Until otherwise prieves.] provided by law. the Gov
siature by proclamation, in which shall
qualification of the person elected to such office. 1895
Justices of the Supreme Court and Attorney G
purpose for which the Legislature is to
shall constitute a Board of Pardons. a major
and it shall transact no legislative busi-
Sec. 10. [Governor's appointive power - Va-
whom, including the Governor, upon such cont
iat for which it was especially convened,
cancies.)
as may be setablished by the Legislature. may
" legislative business as the Governor
The Governor shall nominate, and by and with con-
fines and forfeitures, commute punishments
$ attention while in session. The Legis-
sent of the Senate, appoint all State and district offi-
grant pardons after convictions, in all cases
'er, may provide for the expenses of the
cers whose offices are established by this Constitu-
treason and impeachments. subject to such I
other matters incidental thereto. The
tion, or which may be created by law, and whose ap-
tions as may be provided by law, relative to the
, also by proclamation convene the Sen-
pointment or election is not otherwise provided for. If,
ner of applying for pardons; but no fine or for
dinary session for the transaction of ex-
during the recess of the Senate, a vacancy occurs in
shall be remitted, and no commutation or
355.
1979
any State or district office, the Governor shall ap-
granted, except after . full hearing before the
point some qualified person to discharge the duties
in open session. after previous notice of the tir
journment of Legislature by Gover-
thereof until the next meeting of the Senate, when
place of such hearing has been given. The p:
r.]
the Governor shall nominate some person to fill such
ings and decisions of the Board, with the To
disagreement between the two houses
office. If the office of Lieutenant Governor, State Au-
therefor in each case, together with the dissent
ture at any special session, with respect
ditor, State Treasurer or Attorney General be vacated
member who may disagree, shall be reduced t
adjournment, the Governor shall have
by death, resignation or otherwise, it shall be the
ing. and filed with all papers used upon the he
irn the Legislature to such time as the
duty of the Governor to fill the same by appointment,
in the office of such officer as provided by 1
y think proper if it is not beyond the
from the same political party of the removed person;
The Governor shall have power to grant rest
the convening of the next Legislature.
and the appointee shall hold office until a successor
reprieves in all cases of convictions for c
1970
shall be elected and qualified, as provided by law.
1979
against the State, except treason or conviction
resented to Governor - Veto -
peachment: but such respites or reprievez sh
priation bills - Reconvening of
Sec. 11. [Vacancy in office of Governor - De-
extend beyond the next session of the Board
sture to consider vetood bills.]
termination of disability.)
dons; and such Board, at such session, shall et
ed by the Legislature, before it be-
in case of the death of the Governor, impeachment,
or determine such respite or reprieve, or the
Il be presented to the Governor; if
removal from office, resignation, or disability to dis-
commute the punishment, or pardon the offi
ernor shall sign it, and thereupon it
charge the duties of the office, or in case of a Gover-
herein provided. In case of conviction for treas
1 law; but if disapproved, the bill shall
nor-elect who fails to take office. the powers and du-
Governor shall have the power to suspend ex
with the Governor's objections to the
ties of the Governor shall devolve upon the Lieuten-
of the sentence, until the case shall be reporte
1 it originated, which house shall enter
ant Governor until the disability casses or until the
Legislature at its next regular session, when t
at large upon its journal and proceed to
next general election, when the vacancy shall be
islature shall either pardon. or commute t
bill. If upon reconsideration the bill
filled by election. If, during a vacancy in the office of
tence, or direct its execution; and the Govern
both houses by a yes and nay vote of
Governor, the Lieutenant Governor resigns, dies, is
communicate to the Legislature at each regu
:he members elected to each house, it
removed, or becomes incapable of performing the du-
sion, each case of remission of fine or forfeit
law. If any bill is not returned by the
ties of the office, the President of the Senate shall act
prieve, commutation or pardon granted aince
in ten days after it has been presented
as Governor until the vacancy is filled or disability
previous report, stating the name of the con'
IF, Sunday and the day it was received
ceases. If in this case the President of the Senate 10-
crime for which convicted, the sentence and
all become a law without a signature;
signs, dies, is removed, or becomes incapable of per-
the date of remission. commutation, pardor
ve adjournment prevents return of the
forming the duties of the office, the Speaker of the
prieve, with the reasons for granting the $8
come a law unless the Governor within
House shall act as Governor until the vacancy is
the objections, if any, of any member of th
fter adjournment files the objections
filled or disability ceases. While performing the du-
made thereto.
uch officers as provided by law. The
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Art. XII, # 20
CONSTITUTION OF UTAH
464
465
Sec. 20. [Trusts and combinations prohibited.]
political subdivision of the state located outside
to defray the estima
Any combination by individuals, corporations, or
of its geographic boundaries as defined by law
for each fiscal year
associations, having for its object or effect the control-
may be subject to the ad valorem property tax;
state debt, if any th
ling of the price of any products of the soil, or of any
(c) Property owned by a nonprofit entity which
vide for levying a to
article of manufacture or commerce, or the cost of
is used exclusively for religious, charitable or ed-
annual interest and
exchange or transportation, is prohibited, and hereby
usational purposes;
within twenty years
declared unlawful, and against public policy. The
(d) Places of burial not held or used for private
creating the debt.
Legislature shall pasa laws for the enforcement of
or corporate benefit; and
this section by adequate penalties, and in case of in-
(e) Farm equipment and farm machinery as
Bac. 8. [Assessm
corporated companies, if necessary for that purpose, it
defined by statute. This exemption shall be im-
property
may declare & forfeiture of their franchise.
1886
plemented over a period of time as provided by
agricult
statute.
(1) The Legislatu
ARTICLE XIII
(3) Tangible personal property present in Utah on
and equal rate of as
January 1, m., which is hald for sale or processing
in the state, accord
REVENUE AND TAXATION
and which is shipped to final destination outside this
as otherwise pro
state within twelve months may be deemed by law to
Legislature shell
Section
have aequired no situs in Utah for purposes of ad
shall secure a ju
1. [Fiscal year.]
valorem property taxation and may be exempted by
arty, so that ave
2. [Tangible property to be taxed - Value ascer-
law from such taxation, whether manufactured, pro-
tax in proportion
tained - Exemptions - Remittance
cessed or produced or otherwise originating within or
ble property, pr
or abatement of taxes of poor - Intan-
without the state.
termine the ma
gible property - Legislature to pro-
(4) Tangible personal property present in Utah on
(2) Land used
vide annual tax for state.]
January 1, m., held for sale in the ordinary course of
Legislature prescri
3. [Assessment and taxation of tangible property -
business and which constitutes the inventory of any
value for agricultur
Livestock - Land used for agricul-
retailer, or wholesaler or manufacturer or farmer, or
it may have for othe
tural purposes.]
livestock raiser may be deemed for purposes of ad
4. [Mines and claims to be assessed - Basis and
valorem property taxation to be exempted.
Bec. 4. [Mines SN
multiple - What to be assessed as
(5) Water rights, ditches, canale, reservoirs, power
sie and
tangible property.]
plants, pumping plants. transmission lines, pipes and
as tang
5. [Local authorities to levy local taxes - Sharing
flumes owned and used by individuals or corporations
All metalliferou
tax and revenues by political subdivi-
for irrigating land within the state owned by such
placer and rock in 1
zions.)
individuals or corporations, or the individual mem-
islature shall provi
6. [Annual statement to be published.]
born thereof, shall be exempted from taxation to the
used in determinin
7. [Repealed.]
extent that they shall be owned and used for such
for taxation purpo
8. [Officer not to make profit out of public moneys.]
value of $5.00 per
9. (State expenditure to be kept within revenues.]
purposes.
(6) Power plants, power transmission lines and
before January 1,
10. [All property taxable where situated.]
other property used for generating and delivering
wise provided by
11. [Creation of State Tax Commission - Member-
claims and other VE
electrical power, a portion of which is used for fur-
ship - Governor to appoint - Terms
nishing power for pumping water for irrigation pur-
lands containing C
- Duties - County boards - Duties.]
poses on lands in the state of Utah, may be exempted
chinery used in m
12. (Stamp, income, occupation, license or franchise
from taxation to the extent that such property is used
improvements upo
tax permissible - Reference to United
for such purposes. These exemptions shall accrue to
ing claims, and the
States laws in imposition of income
the benefit of the users of water 80 pumped under
mining claims, or
taxes - Income or intangible property
such regulations as the Legislature may prescribe.
mining purposes, $
taxes allocated to public school eye-
(7) The taxes of the poor may be remitted or absted
property.
tem.]
at such times and in such manner as may be provided
13. [Revenue from highway user and motor fuel
Sec. 5. [Local a
by law.
taxes to be used for highway pur-
Sharing
(8) The Legislature may provide by law for the ex-
poses.]
subdivi
emption from taxation: of not to exceed 45% of the
14. [Tangible personal property tax exemption.]
fair market value of residential property as defined
The Legislature
Section 1. [Fiscal year.]
by law; and all household furnishings, furniture, and
pose of any county
The fiscal year shall begin on the first day of Janu-
equipment used exclusively by the owner thereof at
poration, but may
his place of abode in maintaining & home for himself
thorities thereof,
ary, unless changed by the Legislature.
1894
and collect taxes fi
and family.
(9) Property owned by disabled persons who served
Notwithstanding E
Sec. 2. [Tangible property to be taxed - Value
in this Constitutio
ascertained - Exemptions - Remit-
in any war in the military service of the United
their tax and other
tance or abatement of taxes of poor -
States or of the state of Utah and by the unmarried
divisions as provid
Intengible property - Legislature to
widows and minor orphans of such disabled persons
provide annual tax for state.)
or of persons who while serving in the military ser
Sec. 6. [Annual
(1) All tangible property in the state, not exempt
vice of the United States or the state of Utah were
An accurate stat
under the laws of the United States, or under this
killed in action or died as a result of such service may
tures of the public
Constitution, shall be taxed at a uniform and equal
be exempted as the Legislature may provide.
ally in such manne
rate in proportion to its value, to be ascertained as
(10) Intangible property may be exempted from
provided by law.
taxation as property or it may be taxed as property in
(2) The following are property tax exemptions:
such manner and to such extent as the Legislature
Sec. 7. [Repeal
(a) The property of the state, school districts,
may provide, but if taxed as property the income
and public libraries;
therefrom shall not also be taxed. Provided that if
Sec. 8. [Officer
(b) The property of counties, cities, towns, ape-
intengible property is taxed as property the rate of
cial districts, and all other political subdivisions
thereof shall not exceed five mills on each dollar
The making money of
of the state, except that to the extent and in the
valuation.
the same for any
manner provided by the Legislature the property
(11) The Legislature shall provide by law for as
of a county, city, town, special district or other
be punished as pro
any public officer,
annual tax sufficient, with other courses of revenue,
64
465
REVENUE AND TAXATION
Art.
XIII,
9
12
to defray the estimated ordinary expenses of the state
ishment shall disqualification to hold public office.
1596
aw
for each fiscal year. For the purpose of paying the
state debt, if any there be, the Legislature shall pro-
ch
vide for levying a tax annually, sufficient to pay the
Sec. @ [State expenditure to be kept within
ed-
ennual interest and to pay the principal of such debt,
revenues.]
within twenty years from the final passage of the law
No appropriation shall be made, or any expenditure
ate
authorized by the Legislature, whereby the expendi-
creating the debt.
1998
ture of the State, during any fiscal year, shall exceed
Bee. 3. [Asessment and taxation of tangible
the total tax than provided for by law, and applicable
as
property - Livestock Land used for
for such appropriation or expenditure, unless the Leg-
by
agricultural purposes.)
islature making such appropriation. shall provide for
(1) The Legislature shall provide by law a uniform
levying a sufficient tax, not exceeding the rates al-
on
and equal rate of assessment on all tangible property
lowed in section seven of this article, to pay such ap-
in the state, according to its value in money, except
propriation or expenditure within such fiscal year.
his
as otherwise provided in Section 2 of this Article. The
This provision shall not apply to appropriations or
to
Legislature shall prescribe by law such provisions as
expenditures to suppress insurrections, defend the
ad
shall secure A just valuation for taxation of such prop-
State, or assist in defending the United States in time
of war.
1880
by
crty. so that every person and corporation shall pay a
tax in proportion to the value of his, her. or its tangi-
Sec. 10. [All property taxable where situated.]
or
ble property, provided that the Legislature may de-
All corporations OP persons in this State, or doing
termine the manner and extent of taxing livestock.
business herein, shall be subject to texation for State,
on
(2) Land used for agricultural purposes may, as the
County, School, Municipal or other purposes, on the
of
Legislature prescribes, be assessed according to its
real and personal property owned or used by them
ny
value for agricultural use without regard to the value
within the Territorial limits of the authority levying
or
it may have for other purposes.
1963
the tax.
1896
ad
Sec. 4. [Mines and claims to be assessed - Ba-
Sec. 11. [Creation of State Tax Commission -
/or
ado and multiple What to be assessed
Membership Governor to appoint-
nd
as tangible property.]
Terms - Duties - County boards -
NEW
All metalliferous mines or mining claims, both
Duties.)
ch
placer and rock in place, shall be assessed as the Leg-
There shall be a State Tax Commission consisting
me
islature shall provide: but the basis and multiple now
of four members, not more than two of whom shall
he
used in determining the value of metalliferous mines
ch
for taxation purposes and the additional assessed
belong to the same political party. The members of
the Commission shall be appointed by the Governor,
value of $5.00 per acre thereof shall not be changed
before January 1, 1935, nor thereafter until other-
by and with the consent of the Senate, for such terms
nd
of office as may be provided by law. The State Tax
ng
wine provided by law. All other mines or mining
Commission shall administer and supervise the tax
11th
claims and other valuable mineral deposits, including
laws of the State. It shall assess mines and public
11th
lands containing coal or hydrocarbons and all ma-
utilities and adjust and equalize the valuation and
ed
chinery used in mining and all property or surface
improvements upon or appurtenent to mines or min-
assessment of property among the several counties. It
ed
to
ing claims, and the value of any surface use made of
shall have such other powers of original assessment
ier
mining claims, or mining property for other than
as the Legislature may provide. Under such regula-
tions in such cases and within such limitations as the
38.
mining purposes, shall be assessed as other tangible
property.
Legislature may prescribe, it shall review proposed
ed
1969
bond issues, revise the tax levies of local governmen-
led
See. 5. [Local authorities to lovy local taxes -
tal units, and equalize the assessment and valuation
Sharing tax and revenues by political
of property within the counties. The duties imposed
3%-
he
subsivisions.]
upon the State Board of Equalization by the Constitu-
led
The Legislature shall not impose taxes for the pur.
tion and Laws of this State shall be performed by the
nd
pose of any county, city, town or other municipal cor-
State Tax Commission.
at
Doration, but may, by law, vest in the corporate au-
In each county of this State there shall be a County
therities thereof, respectively, the power to assess
Board of Equalization consisting of the Board of
elf
and collect taxes for all purposes of such corporation.
County Commissioners of said county. The County
ed
Netwithstanding anything to the contrary contained
Boards of Equalization shall adjust and equalize the
ed
in this Constitution, political subdivisions may share
valuation and assessment of the real and personal
led
their tax and other revenues with other political sub-
property within their respective counties, subject to
ne
divisions as provided by statute.
such regulation and control by the State Tax Com-
1083
mission as may be prescribed by law. The State Tax
or-
are
Sec. 8. [Annual statement to be published.)
Commission and the County Boards of Equalization
ay
An accurate statement of the receipts and expendi-
shall each have such other powers as may be pre-
tares of the public moneys, shall be published annu-
scribed by the Legislature.
1957
om
ally in such manner as the Legislature may provide.
1890
Sec. 12. [Stamp, income, occupation, license or
in
franchise tax permissible - Reference
IF#
Sec. 7. [Repealed.]
1986
to United States laws in imposition of
me
if
See. 3. (Officer not to make profit out of public
income taxes - Income OF intengible
property taxes allocated to public
ate
of
The making monoys.) of profit out of public moneys, or using
school system.]
the serve for any purpose not authorized by law, by
(1) Nothing in this Constitution shall be construed
an
be any public officer, shall be deemed a felony. and shall
to prevent the Legiclature from providing a stamp
tax, or a tax based on income, occupation, licenses,
10,
punished as provided by law, but part of such pun-
franchises, or other tax provided by law. The Legisla-
SENT BY:UTAH WASH DC OFFICE
7-14-92
4:29PM ;
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2024566218:#10
He said Mr. Schiller's First
by world-famous architect Ju-
Amendment rights have been vio-
lia Morgan. Some $250,000
lated through repeated harass-
has been spent renovating it.
ment by Ms. Moore since she be-
came superintendent of the
HEARING RUMBLINGS of
district three years ago.
Ms. Moore and her attorney.
dissatisfaction from the Sandy
Brinton Burbidge, declined to
Police Department, the City
comment on the suit.
Council surveyed members on
Attorneys for both sides met in
morale and effectiveness of
a closed grievance hearing
their chief, Gary Leonard.
Wednesday and Thursday at the
Leonard won't like the re-
district's McPolin Elementary
sults. His lone good rating
School.
came from animal-control em-
Despite demands for a public
ployees. Which just goes to
show how fast survey results
hearing, independent mediator
Gene Jacobsen chose Wednesday
can go to the dogs.
to listen to arguments behind
YOU'RE A GRAND
closed doors.
Just in time for a patriotic Fourth
MEANWHILE, Salt Lake
Mr. Jacobsen will give his rec-
City police are venting their
ommendation to the Park City
Utah's largest American flags - 301
Board of Education and Mr. Schil-
- was up and flying Thursday at Fr
gripes via Gunsmoke, an un-
derground newspaper that's
ler. That recommendation may or
ley City corporate offices. The huge
causing administrators grief.
may not be accepted by both par-
bol of freedom. constructed by Co
ties, but a decision must be made
Lake City, Is supported by a 120-fo
The paper, which mysteri-
ously lands in mailboxes ev.
by the board in a public meeting.
ery two months or so, reveals
such dark secrets as turmoil
in the traffic division, which
recently "received six griev-
ances against management."
UTAH 1ST DISTRICT Con-
gressman Jim Hansen just hit
2 million miles on his Delta
Airlines Frequent Flyer card:
Hansen has shuttled between
Utah and Washington almost
every weekend for the past
10 years. The question to
whether the House Ethics
Committee will force him to
surrender free trips from ac.
cumulated frequent-flier
miles when he retires.
Officials have devised two plans for a skating oval on Block 49
At as free round-trip ticket
for each 40,000 miles flown,
Hansen has enough free rides
to take 25 constituents in
Mayor Hopes Revised C
Ophir to Washington twice.
By Chris Jorgensen
other contenders for the Olym
WHOOPS. A member of
THE SALT LAKE TRIBUNE
When the city presented its
the environmental group
Salt Lake City officials say. their new
month, some authority men
"Clean Up Congress" had the
wind taken out of his sales
Olympic speed-skating over plan will be
tioned the mayor's parking
enough to please the Utah Sports Author-
mates. Others wanted to know
pitch when a woman wearing
ity.
pay to operate and maintain 1
a "Cannon for Senate" T-shirt
City officials were sent home from the
where the money would come {
answered the door of a home
last Utah Sports Authority meeting after
the oval into a giant sports COI
where he was distributing
anti-Joe Cannon literature.
serious questions arose about their plan for
In a new report to the Sport
a skating oval on downtown's Block 49 at
the mayor outlines two prop
"He fled without giving me
B chance to tell the other side
300 West and 400 South.
skating oval on Block 49 - on
of the story." said Mary Kay
Salt Lake Mayer Deedee Corradini
Olympics come, another if the
Lazarus, press coordinator
hopes the revisions earn the-city the Sports
Both plans include a skati:
votes
"
weeds
Julv
8
to
best
two
units of housing, some retail 8
MEMO FOR STEVE PROVO
FROM:
J. BUNTON
Jo
SUBJECT: PROVO/UTAH TRIVIA!!
Info from Raeline Ireland in Mayor's Office
Local Provo video store -- Rich's Video -- located on Freedom
Blvd. [this is so great]
Provo-Oram was 1991-92 Money Magazine most liveable city in
America; US Conf. of Mayors also voted a most liveable city in
America
Ty Detmer still popular -- anything about BYU Cougars big time
popular, Cougar stadium holds 65,000 people for football games
former Provo logo was "The family place", new logo is "Provo the
right move"
Community built on fmaily values, large families, the mayor has
five kids, some families are as large as 10 kids
Utah Valley Hospital delivers more babies than any hospital in
America
City with the youngest population in America
conservatve, straightforward people, high volunteer ethic, points
of light recipients in Provo -- for Provo River Parkway
Tree City USA for variety and abundance of trees -- dating back
to heritage -- heirloom trees, urban forest, town located in the
Utah Valley;
20 mins form Sundace Skiiing, 10 mins. from boating in Utah lake
and Trout and Walleye fishing in the Provo River
Etienne Provost a french explorer is the father of the town
these people are an updated version of the Cleavers [Ward, June,
the Beave, Wally] want nothing to do with Marge and Homer
Simpson;
sweatness in the people, quality of life
don't have a lot of crime, pop. of 90,000 second largest city in
Utah
committed to theri families -- see families out inthe boat skiing
with children going to BYU sporting events etc.
From Debbie Turner -- Washington Gov. Utah office:
time to time, Univ. of Utah paints BYU's "Y" red -- up on the
side of the hill
more to come onthis one
Utah County is the most Republican county in the state, perhaps
nation;
POTUS will be in Utah one week prior to "Pioneer Day" [July 24] -
- this is a state holiday -- right up there with Fourth of July
celebrations-- really important state holiday, commemorates
Brigham Young and the Mormons fleeing religious persecution
[POTUs fleeing Democratic persecution], trying to find out oterh
happening events
According to Gov. Bangerter's Chief of Staff:
Steve Meekam
#1 trade/export in Utah is the electronics/information technology
industry [for example Word Perfect and Novel headquartered in
Provo] which together is worth about $500 million and 12,500
jobs
Jun or Jung Jun or Spots Ill
Dream Team
Provost Meeting
2x wk hitys.
15July 92
Mon. pm- 40 cities rally - 5 mins speaking; 20 QAA
Themes of the wich- Mot week family values ] verines
econ opp. (economy
hope stump speech 1 take out part blow - it up
family values : Boys station
Potentive future darls
community step in- - when fabler's assent
=
Captive Nations
breakdown of Am.
-- acceptance sparch -Mo Mulai
family
=
to
all Policy announcemts
up
faith in family
tread water
underginings
moral truth
gamerational/tradition
bing 1 back home)
I ed mill signing Weds or thus. (Beth)
Dury Adwison, Counin Nsls.
/ Thus. no went
arlington, Va Were is Seed
Powlma - definite Briday
T welfare - Monday
- This Pres. between series
F/o. Hyman Weds
Thurs kt: A3
Fn
2 California
Fuday AM
(Radio Addressesses)
stump spuch meeds
facts; anceptes
underpinning
defining aneciotes
SENT BY:UTAH WASH DC OFFICE
; 7-13-92 12:35PM ;
2026247707-
2024562380; 2
DEPARTMENT
THE
STATE
8
THE
STATE
III
STATE OF UTAH
WASHINGTON OFFICE OF THE GOVERNOR
DEBORAH TURNER
NORMAN H. BANGERTER
400 NORTH CAPITOL STREET, SUITE 370
DIRECTOR
GOVERNOR
WASHINGTON D.C., 20001
(202) 624-7704
July 13, 1992
TO:
Cliff Alderman
FROM:
Debbie Turner
RE:
Briefing Materials for President Bush
on Utah Issues
Here are some of the issues that are important to Utah both from a
legislative and administrative standpoint. In addition. we have
suggested a site that the President may want to visit during his short
stay in our state. Thanks for the opportunity to provide this
information.
Economic Development and the Budget
Though Congress narrowly defeated a balanced budget amendment,
Governor Bangerter continues to favor such an amendment. A
critical component of Governor Bangerter's 8 years in office has been
a strong economic development program. His efforts have resulted
in Utah reaching and maintaining an unqualified AAA bond rating
(one of two states in the nation) and in 1991 Utah was named first in
the country in financial management by Financial World. He has
worked to create an environment that fosters business and attracts
jobs. But as the Governor stated in his 1992 State of the State
address, "If Congress does not take corrective action and continues its
reckless course of spending more than it has, this nation faces grave
danger. Utah. not withstanding our great success. cannot endure
prolonged national economic stagnation and irresponsibility.
SENT BY:UTAH WASH DC OFFICE
; 7-13-92 12:36PM ;
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Cliff Alderman
July 13, 1992
Page 2
Governor Bangerter has repeatedly expressed his objections
regarding federal mandates and the devastating effect these
unfunded federal intrusions have on state budgets.
Lastly, both local and state government. and businesses have been
preparing for the scaling down of Utah's defense industry. The
effects of national reductions in defense spending are being felt by
our defense industries and the subsequent ripple will have an impact
on the state's economy as the public and private sector adjust to
those reductions.
EDUCATION
Utah's economic picture unlike many states, is a good one. But while
our economic outlook may be good, the public demands on the state's
budget continue to grow dramatically, particularly in regards to
public education.
The percentage of funding for public education from state funds has
increased from 42% in 1985 to nearly 49% in 1993. Utah devotes a
higher percentage of our state funds to education than virtually any
other state. But unlike many other states, Utah's public school
enrollment continues to grow. In the 80's public school enrollment
increased by more than 30%.
Utah has undertaken many new efforts in education to meet these
growing needs such as statewide education strategic planning, year-
round and extended-day schools, concurrent enrollment in high
schools and universities, and Utah's own "Custom Fit" training to
specifically prepare workers for available employment.
But even with all of this effort our needs are still expanding and
demand that Utah look to resources that have provided important
support in the past, but must now pick-up and keep pace with
current revenue streams.
The resources we refer to are those retained and invested from
lands referred to as state school trust lands, given to Utah at
statehood expressly for the support of our public schools. But
subsequent Congressional action to draw boundaries of federal parks
and forests have locked away many of the valuable resources these
properties offer. Utah values the national parks and forests within
our boundaries and now seeks to return state properties within these
national reserves.
SENT BY:UTAH WASH DC OFFICE
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Cliff Alderman
July 13, 1992
Page 3
This goal would be accomplished through legislation to exchange
state school trust lands for other federal properties of equal value.
Such legislation has been introduced (H.R. 4769 and S. 2577) by
Utah's Congressional delegation and has been approved by the
Department of Interior. Passage and signing of this legislation
is a critical key to hel Utah's schools continue to prepare
Utah students to be tomorrow's workers.
Note: We would like to suggest that the President consider
a visit to a selected site in the Wasatch National Forest.
The purpose would be for the Governor to explain the Utah
land exchange to the President. A photo-op showing the
President and the Governor walking in the forest discussing
how the Utah proposal offers a unique blend of preserving
our nation's forests while providing a continued funding
source for Utah's school kids. Environmental and Education
President all in one shot.
I am sure such a short diversion could quickly and safely
be arranged. The Wasatch National Forest is within 45
minutes driving distance from Salt Lake International and a
much shorter flying distance from Hill Air Force Base If he
chose to take an Air Force helicopter.
Welfare Reform
Utah's commitment to a strong work ethic has helped to place it in
the favorable economic picture it currently enjoys. It is this
commitment and a deep concern for those who need assistance to
join the ranks of the employed, that provide the backdrop for a
major demonstration project the State is undertaking through the
Utah Department of Human Services.
In response to the President's State of the Union address were he
committed to use the states as laboratories for reform, Utah has
developed a "Single Parent Employment Demonstration
Program." that will be presented to the Administration in one week
for review and approval.
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Cliff Alderman
July 13, 1992
Page 4
Utah has been a leader in such reforms and will be working closely
with the White House domestic policy office to gain the
interdepartmental approvals necessary for such a demonstration to
go forward.
Issues that the President may face either from Bush/Ouavie
meetings or the Press:
1. Utah's response to the recent Supreme Court ruling on abortion:
The recent Court ruling on the Pennsylvania case will have a great
impact on Utah's abortion law which is currently being tested in the
federal courts. The President may be asked as to his feelings
regarding the votes of Judge Souter and others regarding this issue.
2. Utah's response to the Rhode Island case of school graduation
pravers and other public prayers: Again, how will the President
respond to Bush appointees of the court who have voted against
prayer in schools. (Note: this is particularly an issue in Utah because
the Utah constitution is more prohibitive on the specific issue of
praying in public meetings than the federal constitution. This has
caused a recent Utah court decision to prevent prayer by city
councils before public meetings.)