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Originally Processed With FOIA(s): FOIA Number: S; 2018-0942-F S FOIA MARKER This is not a textual record. This is used as an administrative marker by the George Bush Presidential Library Staff. Record Group/Collection: George H.W. Bush Presidential Records Collection/Office of Origin: Speechwriting, White House Office of Series: Speech File Backup Files Subseries: Chron File, 1989-1993 OA/ID Number: 13826 Folder ID Number: 13826-007 Folder Title: Prayer Breakfast 8/20/92 [OA 7578] [2] Stack: Row: Section: Shelf: Position: G 26 22 7 2 y p6 181 Picardy PI. Memphis, Tn 38111 July 23, 1942 Dear Mr. President, Jo start off my name is Jorathan Large, clam writing to you to show my satisfaction of your presidency. cl read the papers and Rewsarch and watch "CNN"and "C-span, cl belive that you're doing andreing an exellent president. l belive our country needs four more years of your exellentialem cl you to aprivate shoool, but sometimes pon the bad neighborhoods. I belive that you could do more for them d suport new prime menester cltyah Rabin and that Jones Bater should stay on as Secretary Stateard not campaign Manager, l think you should Reep Vice President Ovale on, ce hope you benefit the most from Ross Perots withdrawal I think Mr. Clinton is not right borthe jobs I thank you for becoming President, d showing full suport for you and Vice- President Quale, and your party. cl show full enthersain for your compaing d Imon clampot a water [ but cl they to spread suportaing the older population, d know you are behind in the poels that CNIN. publishs, but don't yet discorrged, as a fullowChristin d wish [ you the best I'll he pray ing for you, Mr. ] President May Dod be with you, Jonathan Lorge (11/yearsold) Jonathan Sarge 181 Picardy Place PM - 133 TV! THE MEMPRISM CONOVER MUL TIPLE Memphis, In 38111 23 JUL SCI EROSIS 1342 DEAR MLDOR OF The President The White House Washington, D.C. 20500 the Dear President Bush, I am a your g girl 7 years old. I line at 1208 Armor Pasadera JX. My family is praying for you so you can become a better leader I think america needs to ( be turned to god like other countries having DL revival. god bless you. Love Stephanic Corder Stevianie Corden it 120 armor 11. 773 22 MAY Pasadenn JX 77.50° 1992 Pres it Goorg Birth you 2507 Hrise Wishington D.C. you $ Dear President Bush, 4-21-92 D would like to tell you that the Assembly of God. Church, in Kitlitas, Washington played for you and many other leaders of our proud country on May 17ᵗʰ On may 24, all the Assembly of God churches in the U.S. Aare going hours for all-Ke leaders of an proud countries. to be praying from about 10 a half You probably do not know why Dm writing. I am are of the many homeschoolers, so my mom wanter me to do one of the few people. I picked you because since yan famous it d be neat to write to you. We are praying for you guys to make good desisions for an country Mu name is Darah Lynn Bale. I come from a family of a. We are a christian family. I am 11 years oldand [ I think that yarapretty meat president because you a christian that's what D heard and I hope that The Please Write Back Tell me about yourself Sincerely, when your write back! Jarah J. Rt. 3 Box 1060 Thanks Ellensburg. wa Bale 98926 Rt. 3 BOX 1660 Ellensburg, wa PMS a 889 DCR 98926 27 MAY 29 1992 President George Bush ( 1600 Penmsylvania Avenue Washington, D.C, 20500 yole July 6,1992 Dear Mr. President Bush, Hi, my name is David Majewski and I am seven, I hope you will win the election because you are a good president. I think that you are a good leader because when the Desert Storm started on January 16, 1991 which was on my sixth birthday, you ended it way before my next birthday, we were all very happy I am writting to you because me and my family are studyi ing about American Presidents this week during my summer vacation and I asked my Mom if I could write to you, I hope you can write back, Say hello to Mrs. Bush. I pray for you every night at bed, God bless you and your family! Sincerely, David Majewski 5910 Fisk RD. Lockport, N.Y. 14094 P.S. I thought you'd like to know I do good in school and when I grow up I want to be an artist and an author, 5910 Majewski Fisk Rd. 29 USA Fill if 7 JUL / M.DCR-#88 Lockoort, N.Y. BUF W.Y.1942 07/07/92 18:36 DCR #3-1 14094 President George Bush 1600 Pennsylvania Av. NW Washing ton, DC 20500 / has Dear Mr. President, Thank you for being our President even though } it is an extremely hard job. my school and d are praying for you daily. my sixth grade class was in Washington D.C. two weeks ago and I saw you give your speech for the policeman that died. d tried to get a picture of you for my notebook but d was too for away. Could your office please send me a picture of you and some information on the white House. Sincerely, Carl Harynes CARL HAYNES 838 So 196th Seattle, wa 98148 CARL HAynes 838 So 196th USA PM WA 29 Seattle, wa - 98148 193 POO 25 MAY 1992 MLDCR-67 PResident George Bush OFFICE OF CORRESPONDENCE Old Executive Building Pennsylvania avenue 1 Washington D.C. 103 STAT. 838 PUBLIC LAW 101-143-NOV. 8, 1989 Public Law 101-143 101st Congress Joint Resolution Nov. 8, 1989 To designate May 25, 1989, as "National Tap Dance Day". [H.J. Res. 131] Whereas the multifaceted art form of tap dancing is a manifestation of the cultural heritage of our Nation, reflecting the fusion of African and European cultures into an exemplification of the American spirit, that should be, through documentation, and archival and performance support, transmitted to succeeding generations; Whereas tap dancing has had a historic and continuing influence on other genres of American art, including music, vaudeville, Broad- way musical theater, and film, as well as other dance forms; Whereas tap dancing is perceived by the world as a uniquely American art form; Whereas tap dancing is a joyful and powerful aesthetic force provid- ing a source of enjoyment and an outlet for creativity and self- expression for Americans on both the professional and amateur level; Whereas it is in the best interest of the people of our Nation to preserve, promote, and celebrate this uniquely American art form; Whereas Bill "Bojangles" Robinson made an outstanding contribu- tion to the art of tap dancing on both stage and film through the unification of diverse stylistic and racial elements; and Whereas May 25, as the anniversary of the birth of Bill "Bojangles" Robinson, is an appropriate day on which to refocus the attention of the Nation on American tap dancing: Now, therefore, be it Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That May 25, 1989, is designated "National Tap Dance Day". The President is authorized and requested to issue a proclamation calling upon the people of the United States to observe such a day with appropriate ceremonies and activities. Approved November 8, 1989. LEGISLATIVE HISTORY-H.J. Res. 131: CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, Vol. 135 (1989): May 25, considered and passed House. Oct. 27, considered and passed Senate. 39-139 0 - 89 - 2 (143) MEMORANDUM OF CALL Previous editions usable TO: Michele YOU WERE CALLED BY- YOU WERE VISITED BY- Charles Baccarisse OF (Organization) PLEASE PHONE FTS AUTOVON WILL CALL AGAIN Houston Staff office IS WAITING TO SEE YOU RETURNED YOUR CALL WISHES AN APPOINTMENT MESSAGE M: Brayer B fast RECEIVED BY CA DATE TIME 8-14 12:25 63-110 NSN 7540-00-634-4018 STANDARD FORM 63 (Rev. 8-81) * U.S. GPO: 1987-181-246/40025 Prescribed by GSA FPMR (41 CFR) 101-11.6 Marble Hoor lighting Marshall 6510 1 Demarest/Aarhus Draft #2 Reform2 Suggested edits--Crouse PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS AT OLD HOUSE CHAMBER PHILADELPHIA, PA. WEDNESDAY, APRIL 1, 1992 Thank you for that kind introduction. [ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS] Today, I would rather be in Philadelphia. Old Congress Hall is home to great ideas and great debate. In this very room, pivotal and profound discussions occurred - setting in motion a grand experiment in man's ability to chart his own future. The vision of our Founding Fathers is still our vision today. They wanted their new country to prosper. They knew that prosperity and freedom are inextricably linked. They were determined to preserve the inherent strength of faith and the nurturing haven of the family. The were committed to ensuring that the citizens of our young nation could live in peace -- safe and secure from threats at home and abroad. It took a revolution to achieve their vision, but that vision still stands. Today, we face a revolution no less significant for being internal rather than external. Today, we face a choice between the old national order -- the status quo -- and changes that will position our nation for world leadership in the new century. 2 When British General Cornwallis surrendered at Yorktown in 1781, he had his band play "The World Turned Upside Down," as his troops marched before Washington's Continental Army. The song was profoundly symbolic of an old world order coming to a close and the beginning of a new world order. Now, more than two hundred years later, we face a monumental choice. In recent months, democracy and freedom have -- once again -- turned our world upside down. During the turmoil, America stood firmly on principles and moved to the forefront of a great movement that changed the world. Those changes have placed our nation at a new threshold. During the 20th Century, there was no question that it was the American Century. Now, as we approach the year 2000 the question we must answer is -- will the 21st Century be a New American Century? I think this audience and all of American would give a resounding "Yes" to that question. But, if we are to stay at the forefront in world leadership, we must meet six great challenges here at home. 3 First, our nation must help strengthen the nation's families, give people a sense of well-being about their children, and establish a social climate in which our young can mature into productive adults. Second, we must guarantee Americans access to the finest health care system in the world, and make that care more affordable. Third, our people must be educated, literate -- motivated to make learning a lifelong pursuit. We must reform our education system -- literally revolutionize it -- top to bottom. Fourth, our civil justice system must do what it was designed to do: dispense justice for all. Eighteen million lawsuits a year are choking us -- costing individuals and businesses billions of dollars -- and putting a tremendous drag on our civility as well as our economy. Fifth, during the next century, our economic competition and opportunity will come from beyond our borders. 4 We must utilize more foreign markets for American goods and export more services to other countries. Our workers and our companies must become more competitive in order to sustain and create American jobs. And finally, we come to the topic that is our focus today -- reform of our government. During the past decade, one institution after another has been challenged to take a hard look within itself. We must make needed improvements and go back to basic principles to renew our nation's institutions. In short, we must initiate widespread reform. I've been amused recently to see the television ads for a local kitchen modernization business. A housewife dressed in 1960's apparel and surrounded by 1960's appliances is magically updated through TV technology to the 1990s. What a transformation! Most Americans have forgotten how dramatic those changes have been. Today, American products are quantifiably better than they were only a few years ago. In the private sector, we have focused on crusades of excellence -- quality products and quality services. It's not often flashy -- sometimes it's a return to old values and standards like "built to last a lifetime," " "the customer's always right," or "service with a smile." 5 At other times, it's measuring and evaluating performance to improve output. In many ways, competition has been the driving force in improving quality and performance. Not surprisingly, it has worked. Our nation's emphasis on reform has also gone beyond the private sector. Healthy competition has spread across-the- board. For example, the military. In the face of budget cuts, the military has had to get leaner and smarter. In Desert Storm, we proved it worked. Other institutions -- state and local government, unions, trade association, charitable groups -- all organizations that serve the public -- have been influenced by this drive for excellence. There has been one glaring hold-out -- the federal government. Our government has resisted reform and protected the status quo -- even in the face of overwhelming evidence that change was necessary. The changes that are sweeping the rest of the country have stopped cold at the Capital Beltway. This entrenched status-quo attitude can be laid squarely at the doorstep of the United States Congress. 6 We know that government is too big and spends too much. We know that too often the government spends the American taxpayer's money like there will be no tomorrow -- inefficiently, ineffectively, without accountability, and frankly, without compassion. If this keeps up -- tomorrow will be no bright new day. Congress is simply not up to the job of reforming government; they are too firmly entrenched in the status quo. We've got some very tough problems ahead and Congress has not led the way in solving those problems. Even worse, they have stood in the way of every solution we have proposed. Let me tell you why that is the case and how we must change things. Political scientist Morris Fiorina paints a disturbing picture of how Washington really behaves. His picture is all too familiar. Fiorina says that the growth of big government has changed the role of Congress from policymaking to pork-barreling -- changed the Congressional office to a campaign and constituent office. He argues that Congress has set in motion a self- perpetuating cycle of support for unnecessary spending -- creating bigger bureaucracies. Fiorina says that Congress has become lethargic and unresponsive to the needs of the American people. 7 We have seen Congressional members and their powerful staffs increasingly become the ombudsmen between constituents and the bureaucracy -- where they expedite benefits and procure more pork. These self-serving actions ensure re-election and a continuation of the status quo. Our Founding Fathers warned us about this. Madison, in Federalist Paper #52, argued that permanent majorities are dangerously undemocratic. Can you imagine how appalled he would be to hear that 98% of Congressmen who seek re-election are, in fact, re-elected. Can you imagine how astonished he would be to learn that one party -- the Democrats -- have controlled the Congress 58 out of the last 62 years. Can you imagine how dismayed he would be to discover that not one Republican member of the house -- and some of them have over 30 years of service -- has ever been in the majority. Yet, all but five Democrats have never been in the minority. One-party rule in Congress is a big part of the problem, but that is not the whole story. 8 We have had divided government before in our history -- sometimes during periods of great crisis -- and we pulled together as a nation to meet the challenge that threatened our security or national well-being. No, the larger issue is a systemic problem. Congress is a sticky web -- made up of 284 Congressional Committees, 34 thousand Capitol Hill employees and staff, 2 billion dollars of taxpayer financing, and an overlay of a 117 million dollar re-election war chest in special-interest campaign contributions, and millions more in special-interest influence. Such a system cannot promote reform and change. Instead, it aggressively protects the status quo. Talk to retiring members and you will hear the frustration. Talk to Senator Warren Rudman of New Hampshire who has given up on trying to break through the log jams. Senator Rudman was asked about the continuing specter of huge budget deficits. He indicted the system, "the fact is that we are unable -- institutionally -- to do what has to be done. We are not just watching the fiddler fiddle while Rome burns, we are watching the entire orchestra. If Let me give you one example of the misplaced priorities on Capital Hill -- the rash of proclamations that Congress spends an inordinate amount of time in passing. 9 Do you know that nearly one third of all the legislation that passes my desk is made up of these items. Three times a week proclamations come across my desk for action -- and these proclamations are passed by a joint resolution of Congress. They might designate a particular day as "National Tap Dance Day" -- true story. Or, they might proclaim a month as "National Digestive Disease Awareness Month. " Literally, hundreds of proclamations come to the White House for Presidential action each year. Now, there is nothing wrong with Congress passing a proclamation heralding "National Crime Victims Week." But there is something wrong when Congress spends its time on that proclamation instead of passing a comprehensive crime bill that would actually make people safer in their homes and communities. "National Asparagus Month" may be good constituent relations, but the problems of American agriculture have to do with our national vitality, not our national vegetable. For every one of these bills, there are legions of staff churning out public-relations campaigns to accompany them -- both on Capital Hill and in the executive branch. There are constituents contacted, newsletters written, paper -- reams of paper -- produced. Is this a big ticket item in the federal budget? Probably not. 10 But, it is more evidence of a Congress that chooses to spend its time and effort on the easy constituent pleasing activities rather than on the difficult, often controversial issues that determine the future of our country. Maybe it's small potatoes, but the public knows PR when it sees it. For each letter a member receives, 12 thousand go out -- free. That adds up to real money -- taxpayer money, and we must put a stop to it. These actions undermine the people's confidence in their government the same way as outrageous pork-barrel spending does. [[Just as I sent to Congress ten days ago my anti-pork line-item rescissions, I am telling Congress today that the Executive Branch will not spend taxpayer dollars to fund publicity campaigns for special interests -- so don't send me any more of these pork-barrel proclamations. ]] The American people are a compassionate people -- we are willing to foot the bill to make this country better. But, when taxpayer money goes for special-interest publicity campaigns and pork-barrel projects, people get angry -- they don't trust government to use their hard-earned tax dollars wisely. In dollar terms, one quarter of everything we produce, build, or grow as a nation, is devoured by the central government. There is no bigger appetite on earth. 11 Today, our government is a trillion and a half dollar business that too often forgets that the taxpayer is original investor, customer, shareholder, and board member all rolled into one. Because government has forgotten the customer, it has issued counterproductive regulations -- ones that increase the cost of doing business, but worse, ones that don't really solve the problems they were designed to solve. Because government has forgotten the shareholder, it shelters perpetual programs that have outlived their function, but not their funding. Because the government has forgotten who is really the boss -- the American taxpayer -- it has become insulated, unresponsive and resists reform. It is almost impossible to adequately reward success, much less punish failure. Let me make it clear, these comments are not meant for the four million hardworking people in our government offices. Talk to them and most will say the same thing -- they are frustrated, too. But the system, which was good for its time, must now change, and it won't be easy. 12 Congress has created these giant centralized bureaucracies. It has laid down mandates and funded programs -- then, Congress has protected them, harassed them, investigated them, micro- managed them. With a Congressional subcommittee Chairman as godparent, the bureaucracy has become Congress's coddled pet. A few examples will show what I'm talking about. The Department of Defense has no less than some thirty different Congressional committees and 77 subcommittees who claim some oversight responsibility. And, some 74 committees and subcommittees compete to exercise jurisdiction over the War on Drugs. Then we wonder why it takes so long to get something done in government. Think of the time and resources spent by the Executive Branch to fulfill Congressional demands for testimony. Think of the thousands of required reports that must be researched, written and delivered to Capitol Hill. Sixty reports from HUD. Six hundred from the Defense Department -- and so on -- through all the Cabinet departments. Congress has legitimate oversight responsibilities. And, I know that the federal government cannot be run just like IBM or the local convenience store. But, we can improve government's performance. We must improve its performance. 13 What merely hampered us in the past, will stall us out in the new century. Congress can no longer ignore our proposed reforms. The federal bureaucracy must be reformed; I have proposed reforms in the past and I am proposing additional steps today. These actions will give clarity to the mission of America's government and return our people's confidence in government. First, we must have universal application of the laws of the land. Federalist paper #57 asserts that elected officials, "can make no law which will not have in full operation on themselves and their friends, as well as the great mass of society." In other words, Congress must govern itself by the laws it imposes on the public -- across the board. No more exceptions. Like civil rights laws. Age discrimination laws. The Americans with Disabilities Act and the Freedom of Information Act. Congress should also submit to the laws it imposes on the Executive Branch -- the Privacy Act, or Title VI of the Ethics in Government Act of 1978, the independent counsel law. [[ To those ends, today I am sending to Congress [name of Administration bill] which will force Congress to be covered by the same laws which govern everyone else. Further, I will veto any new legislation that does not also apply to Congress. 11 But that is only a first step toward rebuilding public confidence in our laws and our lawmakers. 14 Second, we must reform the Congressional committee system. I advocate efforts to trim the overgrown thicket of committees and subcommittees which now paralyze the Congress. Democratic Senator Boren said it best when he described the Congress as "inefficient, unresponsive, wasteful, and compromised by the way it finances its campaigns." The number of Congressional reformers is growing, but they need the support of the American people now more than ever. Third, we must endorse sweeping campaign finance reform. Three years ago -- in 1989 -- I proposed the total elimination of Political Action Committees and limits on so-called "leadership PACs.' " I proposed increasing the support that the parties can provide to federal campaigns to reduce the influence of special interests. I proposed increasing the time candidates and incumbents spend fund-raising. I proposed increasing the legitimate role of our political parties. 15 I proposed that we reduce allowable contributions by "independent" PACs to federal campaigns. I proposed laws to ensure that PACs stay truly independent and unaffiliated -- in other words, clean. Finally, I asked the Congress to join me in stopping the abuse that results from spreading around what's called "soft money" -- I asked for full disclosure of "soft money" expenditures by all organizations as the only way to clean up the system. Fourth, we must enforce spending reforms. I have already proposed to freeze domestic discretionary spending in federal employment next year. I have also proposed to curb the growth of mandatory programs without touching Social Security. I call again for the American people to demand that the Congress pass the same measure that 43 governors have: the line-item veto. In the absence of that important tool, I will continue to use whatever means are legally at my disposal, including the line-item-rescission, to protect the taxpayer from the spending excesses of Congress. 16 I will resist any attempt by the Congress to dismantle the only defense the taxpayer has against Congressional overspending -- budget caps implemented in the 2990 Budget Act. Finally, I again call for a Balanced Budget Constitutional Amendment. Fifth, we must enforce regulatory reform. I have put a ninety-day moratorium on new government regulations. We are revising and eliminating regulations that impede our ability to compete, and we are accelerating regulations that enhance our competitive edge. We have cut back XXX of regulations, pages in the Federal Register by xx% just in the last XX months/years. [[Today, I am announcing an extension/new review process. ]] Next, we must have a new communications policy between the Congress and the Executive Branch. [[Logging reform -- decision memo result. Reform of the nomination process. ]] Finally, we must limit Congressional terms. The cycle of virtually guaranteed re-election through the built-in advantages of incumbency must be broken. [[So today, to truly fix the system, I have sent to Congress legislation to limit terms of United States Senators to two, and Representatives, six terms. ]] After all, as President, my terms are limited, the same should apply to members of Congress. 17 Change is sweeping America, just as it is sweeping the world. Just as our nation faced challenges when it was newly formed, today, we face the challenge of change as we prepare for a new century. The choice is clear. On one side stand the defenders of the status quo. On the other -- the forces of change. The American people must make a choice. That choice must be worthy of those who began the world's only permanent revolution. Back then, that revolution changed the world. Today, we must prepare America for a new century. The reforms I propose will restore the principles of our Founders, guarantee continued freedom for our children, and provide our people with a government worthy of their trust and faith. We must make the choice for change. We must make the choice for a revitalized America that is fit and ready for leadership in the new American Century. Thank you, and may God bless the United States of America. ###### EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT 23-Mar-1992 11:32am TO: Daniel B. McGroarty A general FROM: Jean M. Bunton Office of Communications memo JB did. Cong. research SUBJECT: Congress for DMCG I have been told I was on the road to Hell, but I had no idea that it was just a mile down the road with a dome on it. Abraham Lincoln. A few random notes on our Congress here in Washington, D.C. the district of confusion: CONGRESS: BANK AND POST OFFICE From Newt Gingrich transcript to the NBC Today Show on March 16, 1992: "So the Speaker [Tom Foley] on behalf of the institutional Democratic party, I think has to take responsibility for a whole series of scandals. Not just what's going on with the House bank, but the cocaine selling in the Post Office, theft in the post offfice, a member from Texas who took a $65,000 loan for a millionaire on whose behalf he was getting a $6 million appropriation, a whole series of those kind of steps, where I think that the Speaker, not Tom Foley as a person, but the leader of the Democratic Party in the House has to take responsibility for how they run the House." "Let me make it clear what he [Tom Foley] did not do. First of all, apparently his staff stopped the Capitol police from investigating to such a degree that the chief of the Capitol Police resigned last July. Second, the Speaker did not inform anyone, they were informed last September by the postal service that they had allegations of cocaine selling going on, that they had allegations of theft going on, they were short $35,000 in one day. The Speaker did not bring in any Republicans, as I said, he did not bring in any Democratic leadership. His office did not share any of this information." "They [Democrats] have been in charge of the House five years longer than Castro's been in charge of Cuba." SIZE OF CONGRESS: STAFFLATION From Government Executive, Jan. 1991, "Our Myopic Legislature" 94th Congress [1975-76] 100th Congress [1987-88] 385 committees and subcommittees 295 such panels 4,265 Senate hearings 2,493 Senate hearings 7,896 House hearings 5,388 House hearings "Still the inability of Congress to catch fraud and abuse among the Pentagon's contractors, in the S&L industry and at HUD in recent years has prompted some experts to suggest that the legislature rexamine its priorities." "There is some sense that Congress is fiddling while Rome is burning," says Louis Fisher, senior specialist in American Government at the Congressional Research Service." A November report by the HUD investigation Subcomittee of the Senate Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affiars affirmed that Congress tends to concentrate on new policies and programs, often at the expense of caring about the degree to which existing progrmas are effectlvely and efficiently meeting congressional goals." With more that 31,000 people toiling on the Hill, Congress is the most heavily staffed legislature in the world. By comparison, Canada, in second place, has fewer than 3,500 employees. In fact, Congress employs more people than many federal departments, including Education, Energy, HUD, Labor and State. Member's personal staffs have risen fivefold in the House and sixfold in the Senate between 1947 and 1987. The Defense Department alone received nearly 60,000 phone calls from Members and their staffs in 1984, the last year for which data is available. Fewer committees in Congress have not reduced the level of micromanagenment. Though there may be fewer panels, there are more Chairmen as a result of 70s reforms aht spread opportunities for leadership among more legislators. A 1988 Congressional Research Service report found that 74 committees and subcommittees claimed jurisdiction over the war on drugs. In 1988, 14 full committees and 43 subcomittees held hearings on Pentagon issues, while some 30 committees and 77 subcommittees claim oversight responsibiity. THE FIRST CONGRESS Vol. 1 of the "Documentary History of the First Federal Congress" "The First Congress confronted in one form or another, almost every problem that would rise to plague or threaten the Union of the Sates inthe future: secession State's rights, constitutional amendment, admission of new states, threat of war, military preparedness, inflation, depression, unfavorable trade balalnce and tariffs, reforestation, speculation, sectionalism, slavery, Indian affairs, verteran's pensions, congressional salaries, election irregularities, government support of science, government patronage of the arts, administration of public lands, an many others. Some of the problems it solved -- some it merely postponed." Senator William Maclay of Pennsylvania was one, if not the first, to fume against big government. In April 1790, he noted "in full blast against the burgeoning of the national government." The Father of our Country's [George Washington] liquor bill for 1790 amounted to $2,000. Geo. Washington's first visit to the Senate was his last --- and established the precedent of presidential communications by message, he went seeking congressional approval on two Indian treaties -- though he would awe them with his majesty -- they blew him off -- referrred the treaties to committee, didn't give him a chance to speak, he was deeply insulted. MORE STAGGERING INFO ON INDUSTRIALIZATION OF CONGRESS From Washington Times, 4/11/88, Lance Gay article "A growth industry beneath the dome" 1957 Congressional buget $120.7 million 1946 Congressional budget $54 million 1988 Congressional budget $1.9 billion In the last 30 years -- size of Congress staff tripled from 3,500 in 1957 to 11,200 last year. Including congressional support agencies LOC (5,000) GAO (4,800) some 31,700 people worked for Congress last year [1987]. The cost of Congress is increasing - despite evidence that it is doing less: Statistics show lawmakers are meeting fewer days, casting fewer votes, hodling fewer meetings than a decade ago. Vital Staticis on Congress by Norman J. Ornstein state: 94th Congress [1975-76] 100th Congress [1985-86] House: House: in session 311 days in session 281 days 6,975 committee meetings 4,222 committee meetings 16,982 bills introduced 6,975 bills introduced 1,273 recorded votes 890 recorded votes 968 bills passed 973 bills passed Senate: Senate: 320 days in session 313 days in session 4,265 committee hearings 2,597 committee hearings 4,114 bills introduced 3,386 bills introduced 1,290 recorded votes 740 recorded votes 1,038 bills passed 940 bills passed 72 doorkeeprs on payroll at end of 1985 there were 6,369 staffers serving 100 senators, including 4,097 personal staff aides, 1,178 committee staff aides, 118 staffers working for the Democratic and Republican leaders and 976 "oficersof the Senate". In the House, persoanl staff in 1985 totalled 7,528 with an additional 2,146 working for members on various committees, 144 working in Republican and Democratic leaderhsip offices and 1,818 employed as "officers of the House". "the House Administration Committee, has grown from 4 employeess in 1960 to 275 last year [87]. The House and Senate budget committees, both created in 1974 as part of a reform of congresional budget procedures, now boasts so many staff adies that at some joint meetings last year the public couldn't get in to see what the lawmakers were doing because the staff filled the room." Capitol Hill police force totals 1,227. From the Power Game, Hedrick Smith For eight successive presidencies -- starting with Eisenhower in 1954 and then under Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, Ford, Carter, Reagan and Bush -- the Democrats have had a majority in the House. That is by far the longest span of control in American politics since the Civil War. The budget deficit epitomizes the main effect of divided government: the "double veto". Presidents have a constitutional veto power to block anything that does not command a two-thirds majority in both houses of Congress. But either house of Congress has the power to veto or block what a president wants. Divided government makes for stalemates on the budget -- and for big deficits. Since WW II, the federal government has had ten budget deficits larger than three percent of the GNP -- one under Truman in 1948, two under Ford in 1975 and 1976, and seven under Reagan, each year from 1982 through 1987. All ten came during periods of divided government. who is trying to clean up the mess? ### Clerk's 2226 National Quanter Horse Week. as National Rice Month pg/3A National Tap Dance Day May 25,1989 Rm 5 FACSIMILE TRANSMITTAL SHEET NUMBER OF PAGES INCLUDING COVER 4 DATE 3/24 TO Dz FAX NUMBER x2983 COMMENTS Here's a pork memo I did for Tony useful! in January. Hope some of itis FROM Carol * DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNICATIONS * OFFICE NUMBER January 14, 1991 MEMORANDUM FOR TONY SNOW FROM: CAROL AARHUS SUBJECT: PORK BARREL Below is a summary of the pork barrel research Jeannie and I have this far uncovered. FROM 1992 APPROPRIATION BILLS; Margaret Hill, CAGW Department of Interior Appropriation: -- Bureau of Land Management: $200,000 for fertility control for the wild horse and burro program in Nevada; $500,000 in cultural resources management, including implementation of prehistoric trackway studies. -- Construction and Access: $370,000 for the La Cueva picnic area, Organ Mountains, New Mexico. -- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service: $500,000 for the Lower Snake Compensation Fund; $200,000 for Aquatic nuisance control. -- National Park Service: $500,000 to Hot Springs, Arkansas; $1,950,000 for the Wheeling Park Commission. -- Planning and Construction: $3,738,000 for the Harpers Ferry National Historical Park, West Virginia; $3,266,000 for the Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore, Michigan. National Forest System: $5,000,000 for activities related to the "Salmon Summit". -- The Department of the Interior was also given unusual instructions in the wake of last year's budget summit. Congress instructed the Department to give $150,000 to the town of Matewan, WV. The money is being used by the local community to interpret the Hatfield/McCoy feud, which began in 1880 when a member of the Hatfield clan was accused of stealing a semi-wild hog belonging to Randolph McCoy. One hundred years later, the federal government is spending money to look into the matter. Labor, Health and Human Services Appropriation: -- Department of Education: $23,000,000 earmarked for construction at Howard University ($21,000,000 over the Senate's request); -- Energy Assistance Programs: $80,000,000 for Congressional Emergencies (added in conference). Department of Defense Appropriation: -- Medical Programs: $3,000,000 for the World University Games; $2,000,000 earmarked for the 1996 Summer Olympics. Energy and Water Appropriation: -- Corps of Engineers -- Operation and Maintenance: $4,825,000 to monitor the operations of the fish lift at the Cooper River, Charleston Harbor rediversion project in South Carolina (added by the Senate). Agriculture Appropriation: -- Agriculture Research Service: $1,800,000 for the National Pork Research Facility in Iowa -- Competitive Research Grants: $3,500,000 for shrimp aquaculture in Hawaii and Mississippi. -- Last year, Congress also appropriated $37,000 to study the "handling of animal manure and the development of resolution techniques to address conflict between producers and the general public". Housing and Urban Development Appropriation: -- $1,000,000 for a parking garage in Ashland, Kentucky. Commerce, Justice, and State Appropriation: -- Ocean and Great Lakes Programs: $980,000 for zebra mussel research. -- Sea Grants: $2,960,000 for the zebra mussel FROM HERITAGE, Scott Hodge Agriculture -- $34 million for screwworm research -- $10 million to examine potatoes -- $200,000 to examine Turkey Osteomyelitis Complex Commerce -- $542,000 for an Arkansas fish farm Interior -- $2.1 million for noxious weed control -- $1.8 million to "preserve" the Jaite Paper Mill, Cuyahoga Valley, Ohio --- $200,000 to study non-routine decision-making behavior in coal mines Education and Related Agencies -- $9.3 million for Senator Robert C. Byrd Scholarships -- $8.4 million for the U.S. Institute of Peace Transportation -- $5 million to Amtrak for "a more aggressive marketing campaign" * From 1991 budget bill, in general: $320,000 to purchase President William McKinley's in-law's home and donate it to the state of Ohio; $942,000 to produce refined fish oil, which is then donated to NIH for research; $25,000 to study the location for the new House staff gymnasium. PAGE 5 1ST STORY of Level 1 printed in FULL format. Copyright 1991 News World Communications, Inc. The Washington Times June 7, 1991, Friday, Final Edition SECTION: Part A; Pg. A1 LENGTH: 879 words HEADLINE: Bush WOWS Baptists, backs school prayer BYLINE: Larry Witham; THE WASHINGTON TIMES DATELINE: ATLANTA BODY: ATLANTA - President Bush reached for the minds of 20,000 Southern Baptists here yesterday by calling for a school prayer amendment - and won their hearts with a tearful confession that he had wept in church while praying for American troops on the eve of the Persian Gulf war. "I call on the United States Congress to pass a constitutional amendment permitting voluntary prayer back into our nation's schools," he told delegates to the annual gathering of the conservative 15-million-member church, the nation's largest Protestant denomination. The president drew warm applause when he deviated from his prepared speech and, with voice breaking and tears glistening on his cheeks, told a clearly enthusiastic audience about praying with his wife, Barbara, in the chapel at Camp David just before the war started. "For me, prayer has always been important but quite personal - you know us Episcopalians, Mr. Bush said. "And like a lot of people I've worried a little bit about shedding tears in public, or the emotion of it. "But as Barbara and I prayed at Camp David before the air war began, we were thinking about those young men and women overseas. I had the tears start down the cheeks. And our minister smiled back. And I no longer worried how I looked to others." The president's voice cracked at this point and he brushed away tears and said, "Here we go." The audience stood and applauded, and Mr. Bush went on. "I think that like a lot of others who had positions of responsibility in sending someone else's kid to war, we realized that in prayer what mattered was how it might have seemed to God," he said. Mr. Bush has long been an advocate of a school prayer amendment. He proposed such a measure during the 1988 presidential campaign and unsuccessfully co-sponsored one while a congressman in the late 1960s. As president, he has said often that he favored such an amendment, but until yesterday he made no public call for action. His view of the issue as expressed in 1988 was that students should not be forced to pray but should have the right to "a momentary reflection, meditation or prayer." TM TM LEXIS:NEXIS® LEXIS-NEXIS® LEXIS-NEXIS® Services of Mead Data Central, Inc. Recyclable PAGE 6 The Washington Times, June 7, 1991 In his speech yesterday Mr. Bush cited the case of fifth-grader Monette Rethford of Norman, Okla. School officials barred her from meeting with friends at recess to read the Bible. "The day a child's quiet prayer group during recess becomes an unlawful assembly, something's really wrong," he said. School prayer has been a major goal of religious and social conservatives, including many Southern Baptists, since the early 1980s. But many of them have said the problem was solved by the Equal Access Act of 1984, which allows Bible and prayer clubs to meet at schools after hours like other clubs. The law, upheld by the Supreme Court, does not cover elementary schools. The Southern Baptist Convention's social issues wing, the Christian Life Commission, says "prayer at commencements and voluntary private prayer in public schools is not wrong," said its spokesman, the Rev. Louis Moore. Church members are "divided on the issue," he said, and the last resolution supporting voluntary school prayer was in 1981. Mr. Bush spoke to the Southern Baptist Convention in a year when conservative forces have consolidated control of its leadership, finances and educational arms. Last year he canceled plans to address the convention because of Baptist leaders' hostile reaction when homosexual leaders were invited to a bill-signing at the White House. "As I see it, he's reaching an understanding with evangelicals in America," said the Rev. Russ Lievers of Horse Cave, Ky., before the president's speech. America's white evangelicals have made up a key voting bloc in national elections since Jimmy Carter's election in 1976. Mr. Bush also touted a social agenda dear to conservative Baptists' hearts yesterday. He said American parents should have a choice in both child care and schools. Under the nation's new child care law, vouchers are being made available for church-based child care, he noted. In conversation with reporters on Air Force One returning to Washington, Mr. Bush was asked if he was embarrassed by his tearful confession about weeping at Camp David. "No," he replied. "I do that in church. I'm not embarrassed." Then he added: "Maybe in public it's kind of a first, or maybe a third, but no, I feel very emotionally about the war and about having to send other people's sons and daughters halfway across the world and commit our troops to battle. So I was trying to speak to them from the heart. "Maybe I'm not too proud of myself, but I felt strongly. I'll never forget that day. I knew what was over the horizon in terms of our air war, and I sat there with the tears coming down my face, and that's the way it was. So why not say it?" Looking ahead to the memorial service tomorrow morning at Arlington National Cemetery, Mr. Bush said: "I hope it doesn't get too emotional at the service LEXIS·NEXIS® LEXIS·NEXIS® LEXIS®NEXIS® Services of Mead Data Central, Inc. Recyclable PAGE 7 The Washington Times, June 7, 1991 in Arlington. I still feel it. I feel very strongly about those kids that gave their lives for this country. So, if I show some emotion, that's just the way I am. " * Frank J. Murray contributed to this story in Washington. GRAPHIC: Photo, President Bush replaces glasses after wiping away tears yesterday., By Reuters TM TM TM LEXIS:NEXIS® LEXIS-NEXIS® LEXIS-NEXIS® Services of Mead Data Central, Inc. Recyclable PAGE 5 16TH STORY of Level 1 printed in FULL format. Pittsburgh Post-Gazette Capyright PG Publishing Co 1992; Business Dateline; Copyright (c) 1992 UMI/Data Courier February 18, 1992 SECTION: Sec 1; Pg 23 LENGTH: 1000 words HEADLINE: One Big Cricket: New Grocery. Union Head Marks Takes His Cue From Jiminy BYLINE: Jim McKay DATELINE: Pittsburgh; PA; US BODY: Peter Marks has decorated his office walls with photographs of his family, Democratic heroes John F. Kennedy and Hubert Humphrey and mementos from more than 20 years as a union leader and attorney. And on his desk, the new president of United Food and Commercial Workers Local 23 has a likeness of Jiminy Cricket. In fact, he has three statues of the Walt Disney character in his Penn Avenue office, Downtown. They remind him, says the beefy 49-year old father of eight, of the 1940 movie "Pinochio," in which Jiminy Cricket tries to convince the wooden puppet with the nose that grows to do the right thing. " Let your conscience be your guide, 11 Marks sang during a recent interview, imitating in less-than-lilting tones the late radio star Cliff "Ukulele Ike" Edwards. It was Edwards who was the voice of Jiminy Cricket in the movie. "It's here to remind me, in the pressures of the day, why I'm here," said Marks. Marks, a Philadelphia native, was elected unopposed last month by the local's executive board to fill the unexpired term of Carl C. Huber, who left Local 23 to become director of the international union's 750,000-member retail food division in Washington, D.C. Mark's office wall also bears a poster- a gift from his mother that offers guidance of another kind. In glaring letters, it says-, "Play to Win." It's the latter ethic that may be the harder one to live up to for a union leader in an era of economic recession, declining expectations and lagging blue-collar compensation. Mark's next opportunity to test those two approaches in contract negotiations will come within weeks, when the local opens talks with its second-largest employer, Riverside Markets of DuBois. LEXIS:NEXIS® LEXIS·NEXIS® LEXIS·NEXIS® Services of Mead Data Central, Inc. Recyclable PAGE 6 Pittsburgh Post-Gazette 1992 UMI/Data Courier Local 23's largest employer, Giant Eagle, was struck for six weeks last year in a contract dispute. "All they want is to be treated faily. It's like beauty; it's in the eyes of the beholder, what is fairness,' he said. "We have to have a living, saving wage, 50 they can support a family, if they're blessed with children, and be able to do better in life." Marks brings old labor values to his new job as head of the area's largest local union. One aim, admittedly an uphill climb, is to organize the thousands of supermarket workers who don't belong to the UF CW. Failing that, Marks said he'll agitate for higher wages for for grocery workers in general. "We have to do what employers want to do, and that is gain market penetration," he said. "We've got to make sure we organize everybody we can, SO we can help the people WE have under agreement get more money, have better benefits and more security. "We've got an awful lot of non-union competition moving into Western Pennsylvania. "We're going to have to do battle with them." Marks began working as a teen-ager at an A&P supermarket in Philadelphia that had five cash registers and about 10,000 square feet. There was no bakery, or delicatessen. The produce and meat departments were small. "You weighed everything in the produce department. When the bananas came in you had to wear combat boots because you were worried about the tarantulas coming out of the boxes," he said. Giant Eagles's newest stores, by comparison, occupy 40,000 square feet. They feature hot food, large meat and seafood departments, pharmacies and video and floral shops. "They are big factory stores today, less personal and in some ways less personable," said Marks, the product of a union household. His father was the first secretary-treasurer of the Transport Workers Union Local 234 in Philadelphia. His mother was treasurer of a local lodge of the American Federation of Government Employees. Marks met his wife, Virginia a meat wrapper and member of the former Amalgamated Meat Cutters union, in 1963 at the store where they both worked. They married the next year. He joined the former Retail Clerks International Association, now part of the UF CW, in 1959, and was later elected union steward. In 1965, he joined the union's staff as an organizer. Wendell Young, president of UF CW Local 1776 in Philadelphia, said Marks was part of a slate that in 1962 overturned incumbents who had led the local for 25 years. "He worked his way up in the ranks to become one of the chief contract negotiators for the local," Young said yesterday. Marks kept that job with Local 1776 while studying for a law degree. LEXIS:NEXIS® LEXIS·NEXIS® LEXIS-NEXIS® Services of Mead Data Central, Inc. Recyclable PAGE 7 Pittsburgh Post-Gazette 1992 UMI/Data Courier His career with the local included recorder, business agent, legislative representative, and director of the organization, education, collective bargaining and fringe benefits departments. He graduated in 1972 from LaSalle University, in Philadelphia, with a bachelor's degree in personnel and labor relations, and earned a law degree from Widener University in 1977. Young said Marks left the local to go into private practice, where he represented the UF CW and other unions, and helped supervise recent Teamster elections in Philadelphia. "Now, he'll see the other side of the fence," Young said. Several times during the interview, Marks mentioned a LaSalle labor relations professor, Charles Halpin, who he said was a big influence on his career. Halpin, he said, called unions a management-checking device. "We prevent the abuses of management and it doesn't mean management is evil. I don't believe that," he said. "But their motives are different. What they want to do is different from what we want to do." Being a lawyer and a labor leader, it's not surprising that Marks has strong views regarding labor law reform. He thinks laws governing organizing campaigns should be loosened and penalties increased for employers who violate the law. And he railed against last month's Supreme Court decision written by Clarence Thomas that gives employers the right to bar non-employee union organizers from their property, including shopping center parking lots. "That's going to change our emphasis on how we do picketing," he said. "But we've got to get the message across to the public about why people should organize." GRAPHIC: Photo SUBJECT: Grocery stores; Unions; Corporate presidents; Middle Atlantic NAME: Peter Marks GEOGRAPHIC: Northeast Region; Pittsburgh; PA; US LOAD-DATE-MDC: March 24, 1992 TM LEXIS:NEXIS® LEXIS-NEXIS® LEXIS·NEXIS® Services of Mead Data Central, Inc. Recyclable PHILIPPIANS 2 186 Rejoice in the Lord The Philippians' Gift 187 soldier, and your messenger and min- ister to my need, 26 for he has been 13 Brethren, I do not consider that I things. 9 What you have learned and ship with me i. longing for you all, and has been dis- have made it my own; but one thing I received and heard and seen in me, except you onl tressed because you heard that he was do, forgetting what lies behind and do; and the God of peace will be with såló-ni'ca you ill. Indeed he was ill, near to death. straining forward to what lies ahead, you. again. 17 Not th But God had mercy on him, and not 14 I press on toward the goal for the IO I rejoice in the Lord greatly that I seek the fru only on him but on me also, lest I prize of the upward call of God in now at length you have revived your your credit. 18 should have sorrow upon sorrow. 28 I Christ Jesus. 13 Let those of us who concern for me; you were indeed con- payment, and 1 am the more eager to send him, there- are mature be thus minded; and if in cerned for me, but you had no oppor- ing received f fore, that you may rejoice at seeing anything you are otherwise minded, tunity. 11 Not that I complain of the gifts you se: him again, and that I may be less God will reveal that also to you. want; for I have learned, in whatever a sacrifice acce anxious. 29 So receive him in the Lord 16 Only let us hold true to what we state I am, to be content. 12 I know God. 19And my have attained. how to be abased, and I know how to need of yours ac with all joy; and honor such men, 30 for he nearly died for the work of 17 Brethren, join in imitating me, abound; in any and all circumstances glory in Christ Christ, risking his life to complete and mark those who so live as you I have learned the secret of facing and Father be g. your service to me. have an example in us. 18 For many, of plenty and hunger, abundance and Amen. whom I have often told you and now want. 13 I can do all things in him 3 Finally, my brethren, rejoice in tell: you even with tears, live as ene- who strengthens me. 21 Greet ever the Lord. To write the same things mies of the cross of Christ. 19 Their I4 Yet it was kind of you to share The brethren W to you is not irksome to me, and is end is destruction, their god is the my trouble. 15And you Philip'pi-ans you. 22All the Si safe for you. belly, and they glory in their shame, yourselves know that in the beginning cially those of 2 Look out for the dogs, look out with minds set on earthly things. of the gospel, when I left Mac-é-dō'- 23 The grace for the evil-workers, look out for those 20 But our commonwealth is in ni-à, no church entered into partner- Christ be with who mutilate the flesh. 3 For we are heaven, and from it we await a Savior, the true circumcision, who worship the Lord Jesus Christ, 21 who will God in spirit,e and glory in Christ change our lowly body to be like his Jesus, and put no confidence in the glorious body, by the power which THE LETTER OF PAUL TO flesh. 4 Though I myself have reason enables him even to subject all things to himself. for confidence in the flesh also. If any other man thinks he has reason for 4 Therefore, my brethren, whom confidence in the flesh, I have more: I love and long for, my joy and COLOSSIANS 5 circumcised on the eighth day, of the crown, stand firm thus in the Lord, my beloved. people of Israel, of the tribe of Benja- min, a Hebrew born of Hebrews; as to 2 I entreat Eû-õ'di-à and I entreat the law a Pharisee, 6 as to zeal a perse- Syn'ty-che to agree in the Lord. 3And I ask you also, true yokefellow, help 1 Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus faithful minister cutor of the church, as to righteous- by the will of God, and Timothy half 8 and has m. ness under the law blameless. 7 But these women, for they have labored our brother, love in the Spirit whatever gain I had, I counted as loss side by side with me in the gospel to- 2 To the saints and faithful breth- 9 And so, from for the sake of Christ. 8 Indeed I count gether with Clement and the rest of ren in Christ at Có-los'sae: it, we have not ce everything as loss because of the sur- my fellow workers, whose names are Grace to you and peace from God asking that you r in the book of life. passing worth of knowing Christ Jesus our Father. knowledge of hi: my Lord. For his sake. I have suffered 4 Rejoice in the Lord always; again wisdom and und the loss of all things, and count them I will say, Rejoice. 5 Let all men know 3 We always thank God, the Father a life worthy of 1 as refuse, in order that I may gain your forbearance. The Lord is at of our Lord Jesus Christ, when we ing to him, bearir Christ 9 and be found in him, not hand. 6 Have no anxiety about any- pray for you, 4 because we have heard work and increas having a righteousness of my own, thing, but in everything by prayer and of your faith in Christ Jesus and of the of God. 11 May based on law, but that which is supplication with thanksgiving let love which you have for all the saints, with all power, a through faith in Christ, the righteous- your requests be made known to God. 5 because of the hope laid up for you ous might, for al ness from God that depends on faith; And the peace of God, which passes in heaven. Of this you have heard be- tience with joy, 1: 10 that I may know him and the power all understanding, will keep your fore in the word of the truth, the Father, who has of his resurrection, and may share his hearts Jesus. and your minds in Christ gospel 6 which has come to you, as in the inheritance sufferings, becoming like him in his indeed in the whole world it is bearing 13 He has deliver death, 11 that if possible I may attain fruit and growing-so among your- minion of darkne: the resurrection from the dead. 8 Finally, brethren, whatever is selves, from the day you heard and to the kingdom I2 Not that I have already ob- true, whatever is honorable, whatever understood the grace of God in truth, 14 in whom we ha tained this or am already perfect; but is just, whatever is pure, whatever is 7 as you learned it from Ep'à-phras forgiveness of sins I press on to make it my own, because lovely, whatever is gracious, if there our beloved fellow servant. He is a I5 He is the in Christ Jesus has made me his own. is any excellence, if there is anything worthy of praise, think about these 1 Other ancient authorities read money for my needs a Other ancient authori. e Other ancient authorities read worship by the Spirit of God b Other ancient authorities read you 3.3: 3.17: Rom 1 2.28-29; Gal 6.14-15. 3.4-7: Acts 8.3; 22.3-21; 23.6; 26.4-23; Rom 11.1; 2 Cor 11.18-31. 4.9: Rom 15.33. 4.10: 2 Cor 11.9. 4.13: 2 Cor 12.9. 4.16: Acts 17.1-9; 1 Cor 4.15-17. 3.21: 1 Cor 15.35-58; Col 3.4. 4.3: Lk 10.20. 4.6: Mt 6.25-34. 4.23: Gal 6.18; Philem 25. 1.2: Rom 1.7. 1.3: Eph 1.16. 1.7: Col 4.12; Pl 1.9: Eph 1.15-17. 1.13: Eph 1.21; 2.2. 1.15: 2 Cor 4.4. Commers, please Midele Curd August 13, 1992 (Smith/Nix) Draft Two GIFTS PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: PRAYER BREAKFAST HOUSTON, TEXAS THURSDAY, AUGUST 20, 1992 8:00 A.M. Mary Lou Retton, thank you for that introduction. Let me c repeat what I said last week to the 1992 Summer olympis team: Whether you won a gold, silver, or bronze medal, or simply gave your best, you're all heroes in the eyes of each American. // My friend and running mate, Dan Quayle. What a wonderful job you have done as Vice-President of the United States. / Fellow Texans / Americans / most of all, fellow believers in "One Nation Under God." // I am delighted to address the Ecumenical Prayer Breakfast on this great occasion. ((Breakfast speeches are always my favorite. / I figure it's the one meal where broccoli is never served.) ) Let me first salute that marvelous choir. / Think of it. A 1 50-piece orchestra. 100 singers from the Houston Children's Choir. Members of 40 area congregations. 1,000 voices. ( (Believe me, as one who works in the divisive world of politics, it's amazing to hear that many voices raised in unison. )) // As you know, we meet on a special day. ( (Tonight I give my acceptance speech. If it catches fire, it might give a whole new meaning to the story of the Burning Bush. )) / A couple nights ago, working on my speech, I got up to stretch my legs. Went to the TV. Started switching channels. 2 As usual, drove Bar crazy with the zapper. / Then, suddenly, on cable, there he was. Jack Webb, as Sergeant Joe Friday, saying "Just the facts, ma'am." / I begin with a fact Joe Friday would be proud of: Today, deep in the heart of Texas, we meet in the most religious Nation on earth. // Listen. According to the Gallup Poll, seven in ten Americans believe in life after death. Eight in ten believe that God works miracles. Nine in ten pray. / Listen. More than 90 percent believe in God. To which I say: Thank God -- thank God -- for the United States of America. // Today, we Americans have much to thank God for. Yes, challenges face us -- good schools / safe streets / a sound Bush d economy / a world at peace. But we will meet and master them as know Americans always have. Not -- as some choose -- by running America down. / But by spending our time / the next four years how liff / asking God how best to lift America up. // America We will start by recalling why the Pilgrims sought a New needs Jerusalem / why immigrants flocked to Ellis Island / why to an ups entire world, America is less place than ideal. The reason was to find a better life -- the life that led my friend Ronald help.to Reagan to call America "that shining city on the hill. " / dos so food's That life rests on moral values -- for we can change America "fulfilling only as God changes lives. I speak not of values with the depth word Norof.Am lift. of a thimble -- and the half-life of a Soundbite? thirty second ad. But values -- God's gifts to us -- that make all progress possible. Values are that are tried / that are tested / that are true. // He'll Head help. w/God's 3 The first gift is life itself. / I believe God put us here not to hate but to help one another -- to lend a hand / tend a wound / lift the weak and lonely. / That is why political costs don't count to me. What does -- as the Bible says -- is "to divine Thy conscience, and let Thy conscience be Thy guide.' " / Let others explain why they prefer abortion to adoption. / I revere the sanctity of life. // Jefferson said, "The God who gave us life also gave us liberty." Today, that second gift -- God's gift of liberty -- is remaking an entire globe. / In Berlin, like Jericho, the walls came? come tumbling down. / In Barcelona -- ask Mary Lou -- the Summer Games were held without boycotts / without terrorism / without This politics. And that's as it should be. / ((All of us have Olympic heroes. Mine is Pablo Morales. You know him. The swimmer who missed out in 1984, didn't make when whed the team in '88, then came back this year to earn a gold medal - - at the ripe of old age of 27. Let that be a lesson: Youth and used to inexperience are no match for maturity and determination. )) // usagain? Over the past three and a half years bayonets and barbed wire have been no match for the rightousness of God. / Look at Panama -- where those enslaved now are free. / Look to Bulgaria -- where people finally wish Merry Christmas to each other without fear of being labeled religious. / In Russia, a cathedral was once called the All Union Museum of Religion and Atheism. Now each Sunday it's filled with God's apostles. / In the former East Germany, Bible Studies are like bluebonnets in spring: 4 They're busting out all over. / In a season of Thanksgiving, the world says grace: The Cold War is over -- and America won. // I remember when, six years ago, one of God's great soldiers of this or any age went to Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. Returning to America, the Reverend Billy Graham predicted that religious freedom would outlast tyranny. / The doubters said he'd been tricked -- but Billy knew something they didn't. / He Good knew the chains of oppression forged by men were no match for the line! keys to Salvation forged by God. // I recall talking about this with Billy one year ago January, when I asked him to stay at the White House the night before we started Desert Storm. / I thought a lot that night. About the thousands of people praying at churches like Second Baptist here in Houston. / About my home church -- St. Martin's. Its daily prayers. Its prayer books, crosses, and hand-made Christmas cards made in Sunday school for our men and women in the Gulf. / I thought about the troops themselves. Let me tell you: They are the finest sons and daughters any Nation could ever have. / I thought of how blessed Barbara and I were to have Billy and Ruth as friends for many years. I was counting Billy's ahead of mehere with recently: Between us, we have 10 kids, 32 grandkids, and 4 great-grandchildren. ( (Now, that's the kind of expansion that As makes even the Federal bureaucracy jealous. )) / Like Billy Graham, I know how a third gift of God's -- family -- can lift writter America. I can no more imagine a life without family than I can a universe without love. // has great 5 Our Administration has acted boldly to protect the family. Through supporting home-based schools. Backing religious choice in education. Drafting pro-family policies from health care to child care to welfare reform. / ( (I still don't know why my opponent opposes this as he travels around the country. Maybe H's the he's inhaled too many bus fumes )) - I // guess he inhaled this time .)// I'll let my best friend tell why we support these policies. You saw her last night on television. Here's how she puts it. "At the end of your life, you will never forget not having passed one more test, not winning one more verdict, not closing one more deal. You will regret time not spent with a husband, a child, a friend, or a parent. " / No wonder America loves Barbara Bush. // say not only Barbara knows that kids, quoting Art Linkletter, just don't but also say the funniest things They say the most insightful things -- especially about religion. / ( (Once a a Sunday school teacher started talking about the story on Jonah and the Whale. She asked what the story showed. A small boy raised his hand. "I know, " he said. "People make whales sick. ")) // Each of us asks God daily to make lives well. We act through the greatest of God's gifts -- yes, prayer. / Something's wrong when kids can get condoms at school but can't say a prayer. / That's why I was incensed by the recent Supreme Court ruling outlawing voluntary prayer at school events -- and why today I say: If the Supreme Court won't act to reverse this travesty --- Congress must and I will. / 6 If Congress can raise its pay in a midnight session / if Congress can establish National Tap Dance Day / if Congress can spend time debating Vanna White's appearance on the Home Shopping Network -- then, surely, Congress can allow our kids to thank Almighty God. / So I throw down the gauntlet. I call on Congress to pass a Constitutional Amendment allowing voluntary prayer in classroom -- and I challenge my opponent to support me. / Let's bring the Faith of our Fathers back to our schools. // I have been President for three and a half years now. More than ever, I believe with all my heart that one cannot be President of the United States without a belief in God -- without the truth that comes on one's knees. / For me, prayer has always been important but quite personal -- you know us Episcopalians. / -Yet it has sustained me at every point of my life. / As a boy, when religious reading was part of our home life. Each morning, as we gathered at the breakfast table, mother or Dad read a Bible lesson. / Then, later, as a teenager, when I memorized the Navy Hymn. / Or how, fifty years ago, aboard the submarine Finback after being shot down in the War, I went on deck at night, stood watch on the tower, and looked out at the dark. / The sky was clear. The stars were brilliant -- like a blizzard of fireflies in the night. There was calm, inner peace -- God's therapy. / How, given that, could I forget the One through whom all things are possible? I can't. I won't. / That's why the 1988 my son, morning after Election Day George W. said a prayer -- we held Not him in know as even IX. 7 a worship service at St. Martin's. / God's therapy sustained me then -- as it has in every hour as your President. / I've tried to ask God, as the book of Micah says, "to [let me] act just" -- to be worthy of America in war as well as peace. / Like a lot of people I've always worried about showing tears in public -- the emotion. That all faded in the past three and a half years. / I remember Barbara and I praying at Camp David before the Air War began -- we thought about those young men and women overseas. / I felt the tears streaming down my cheeks. / Our minister -- Claude Payne -- smiled back. And I no longer worried about how I looked to others. // What matters in prayer is not how it looks to others -- but how it looks to God. / How -- like life, family, and liberty -- prayer can help achieve peace among Nations. Creating a world where we say to every child: "Someone loves you, and knows your name. " // This month, I got a letter from a little girl, age . Joy Vaughn -- lives in Mesa, Arizona. Her brother is a missionary. / She wrote: "I just have to tell you that I am proud of you. " / Sounds Be stout of heart, she added. "God is in charge. " // like Joy -- what truth from the mouths of babes: As we begin in this great crusade, God is charge. We know that while God can n live without man -- man cannot live without God. / So pray not for me alone -- but for the Family called America. Thank you for this occasion, ^ God bless you, and God bless the most wondrous, wondrous blessed for your prayers land on earth -- the United States of America. 03/25/92 PROCLAMATION NOT ISSUED DESPITE REQUEST OF BILL OR JOINT RESOLUTION 01/20/89 - 03/25/92 RESOLUTION RECEIVED SUBJECT /BILL DATE OBSERVANCE National Day of Prayer and Thanksgiving S.J.Res. 83 03/21/91 (No Date Specified, 1991) American Indian Heritage Month - S.J.Res. 172 10/01/91 November November 1992 (see comments) Freedom of Information Day - March 16, H.J.Res. 167 03/22/89 03/16/89 1989 National Tap Dance Day - May 25, 1989 H.J.Res. 131 11/01/89 05/25/89 (this is the most tardy request for a proclamation on record -- 5 months after the observance) National D-Day Remembrance Day, 1989 S.Res. 139 06/02/89 06/06/89 (the Staff Secretary's Office decided that the proclamation would not be issued since it was not requested by a joint resolution of the Congress) National Morgan Horse Week - beginning S.Res. 191 10/06/89 10/09/89- October 9, 1989 (the Staff Secretary's 10/15/89 Office decided that the proclamation would not be issued since is was not requested by a joint resolution of the Congress) Patient Account Management Day - October H.J.Res. 380 10/20/89 10/18/89 18, 1989 National Hostage Awareness Day - October H.J.Res. 400 10/13/89 10/27/89 27, 1989 (although the joint resolution designates an observance it did not specifically request the President to issue a proclamation; the President decided not to issue one on the recommendation of staff) Interstitial Cystitis Awareness Day - H.J.Res. 291 11/19/89 11/16/89 November 16, 1989 National Prevent - A - Litter Month -- S.J.Res. 229 03/21/90 April April 1990 (Dogs, Cats, Pet Overpopulation; NOT ISSUED, SEE COMMENTS) Education Day, U.S.A. (USA) - April 6, H.J.Res. 500 04/03/90 04/06/90 1990 (See Comments) Infant Mortality Awareness Day - May 13, H.J.Res. 546 05/02/90 05/13/90 1990 (See Comments) Tennessee Territorial Bicentennial H.J.Res. 555 06/26/90 05/26/90 Commemorative May 26, 1990 National Sarcoidosis Awareness Day - H.J.Res. 519 10/24/90 08/29/90 August 29, 1990 National Humanities Week - October 21 - H.J.Res. 562 11/09/90 10/21/90- 27, 1990 10/27/90 National Senior Nutrition Week - May 13 H.J.Res. 141 05/20/91 05/13/91- - 19, 1991 05/19/91 National Women and Girls in Sports Day - H.J.Res. 395 03/04/92 02/06/92 February 6, 1992 didn't make it. Congressional pmounce March 22, 1992 The critique in the President's 3/20 speech is that the Congress is out of touch with the people and no longer accountable. Thus it is blocking needed short term and long term changes." In a follow-up speech we could move the ball forward by providing some more detail and also some explanatory theories of how we got into this mess. The following outline is divided into seven sections: I. Change and Reform II. The Vision of the Founders, and what happened III. Incumbency Protection and the Permanent Majority IV. Abuse of the System V. Policy Failure VI. What it all means to you, the citizen VII. Solutions I. Change and Reform If we can change the world, we can change America. Here at home, all the things we want -- economic growth, kinder and gentler, repair of the social fabric -- require more than just government as usual. We need profound change. Here at home, as I warned in my State of the Union, the battle has been joined There's a sickness in the system -- status quo Congress Unfortunately, while we came to Washington to solve problems, not to bicker, we face obstacles. so, more in sorrow than in anger I am disappointed in Congress. In fairness, some Democrats didn't want to put a tax increase in the bill, and I salute them for courageously standing up against more taxes. But politics prevailed. A slim majority passed the bill in the face of a certain veto. But they aren't blocking my economic recovery plan because they're afraid it won't work, they're blocking it because they're afraid it will work. I don't take this step lightly. No President has vetoed a major tax bill since Harry Truman did it in 1948. In response, the Democratic Congress has returned to form. It has produced a bill that will not strengthen the economy -- it will weaken it. It has produced a bill that will not stimulate growth, it will stifle it. As if by reflex, the Democrats in Congress could not resist their natural impulse to raise taxes. But I assure you of this: I will not let them do it. Passing a tax increase is bad enough. But here's what really troubles me: The irresponsibility of Congress on this plan is part of a pattern. It reflects a more serious problem, a deeper systemic problem that is gnawing at the strength of our nation. It is no wonder that of several years, it must be said: our Congressional system is broken. Congress is the key to the rise of an entrenched incumbent status-quo oriented Washington establishment opposed to change. As political scientist Morris Fiorina argues [Congress: Keystone of the Washington Establishment), the growth of the bureaucratic welfare state has changed the mxi of congressional activities away from policymaking and toward pork barreling and constituent service. Congress votes more spending and new bureaucracies, which are increasingly lethargic and unresponsive. Then Members act as ombudsman, expediting benefits and procuring more pork, clinching their re-election. That's how we get 98% re-election rates Dangerous new phenomenon: appropriations earmarks (aren't the 68 rescissions all targeted at appropriations earmarks?) All this is ominous for prospects for effective, problem-solving government in the 90s: "No government, any more than an individual, will long be respected, without being truly reespectable; nor be truly respectable without possessing a certain portion of order and stability." Madison, writing in Federalist #63. II. The Vision of the Founders, and what happened Madison, in Federalist #56, opined that the House should be the people's house. "It is a sound and important principle that the representative ought to be acquainted with the interests and circumstances of his constituents." Madison would have been appalled that 98% of the House Members have been re-elected in the last three election cycles. Madison went on to argue that permanent majorities are dangerously undemocratic: "As it is essential to liberty that the government in general should have a common interest with the people, so it is particularly essential that the branch of it under consideration [the Congress] should have an immediate dependence on, and an intimate sympathy with the people. Frequent elections are unquestionably the only policy by which this dependency and sympathy can be effectually secured." (Federalist #52) The second idea of Madison was that Congress was a legislature, making general laws that would apply to everyone (since then Congress has exempted itself from a host of legislation. Here is Madison again: " they can make no law which will not have its full operation on themselves and their friends, as well as on the great mass of the society. This has always been deemed one of the strongest bonds by which human policy can connect the rulers and the people together. It creates between them that communion of interests and sympathy of sentiments without which every government degenerates into tyranny. (Fed. #57) Madison and the Founders believed that the legislature should deliberate about questions of common good, or as we would say now, the national interest. Instead, what has happened is that we have a legislature full of hustlers, with their own independent constituencies, not beholden to any party or platform. Unfortunately, what might be advertised as "independence" is more often gridlock. III. Incumbency protection and the permanent majority Although some polls show that almost half of Americans believe that Republicans control Congress, the fact is that one paty has held the White House for 58 of the last 62 years and for 38 years consecutively. This "streak" is the longest by far in American history. The second longest is just 16 years. Democrats have controlled the House longer than most Americans have been alive. Some younger Republicans weren't even born when Joe Martin was the Speaker. Not one GOPer has ever been in the minority, and all but 5 Demos have never been in the minority. How did this happen? In the 1990 elections, special interest political action committees -- "PACs" -- gave almost 117 million dollars to incumbent Congressmen and Senators. Only about 15 million dollars were donated to challengers. With about 8-to-1 spending advantage, obvious voter discontent were buried in a wave of PAC- financed television advertising. so, nearly every incumbent won. How they've insulated themselves -- Jerrymandering -- cite/describe some of the new districts in North Carolina, Texas, etc. -- Abuse of the frank -- 12000 to 1 ratio of letters out to letters in -- dramatic increase in personal staff -- travel budgets, and Congressional budget overall -- campaign finance laws -- the wimpy PAC phenomenon -- PACs are essentially shaken down by chairmen -- proliferation of committees and subcommittees -- every third House Demo is a Chairman -- every MC is either chair or close to being chair of a little mini-fiefdom -- make a name for himself (Need to ck Bob Schieffer claim on "Face the Nation" yesterday that there were more committees when George Bush was a Congressman than there are today.) Congress has become consumed with its internal politics and bureaucracy -- meanwhile, Americans are effectively disenfranchisedand the system gets worse and worse Some Members will have to learn that the great institution of the House will survive, even if they lose. IV. Abuse of the System Above laws that they impose on others The decentralization of the Congress has weakened the Party leadership adn the Parties themselves and strengthened individual Member-- independetn, individualist members of Vongress., each guy is his own party I served in the House, and I have great respect for its proper place in our Constitutional structure and great admiration and friendship for many We have a long tradition in this country of pulling together when national need demands that we do so. Over the years, many accomplishments, large and small, have been truly bipartisan. But Congress today is different. It is more partisan. Its campaigns are financed by special interests. It has grown out of control. It has lost the ability to police itself. And, perhaps most importantly, it is no longer accountable to individual American citizens and voters. This must change. One party has controlled the House of Representatives for almost four decades. Staff has become institutionalized. In 1950, there were about 2,000 personal staff in Congress. Today, there are almost 12,000 staff for Members of Congress. Today, there are almost 40,000 if you include the entire legislative branch. This number of committees and subcommittees have quadrupled. When I was on the W&M committee, there were no subcommittees (ck) So the couple dozen committee chairmen could go on to the floor In the early 70s -- reforms allegedly aimed at making Congress more democratic have in fact made it more Democratic These reforms at best yielded unintended consequences and at worst were hypocritical. Fiefdoms = iron triangles -- every Member in the majority has some lobbyist desperately interesested in currying favor Congress less able to solve real problems How have the Democrats responded to this -- more authoritarian use of the Rules Committee -- e.g. "closed rules." Most pieces of legislation have to have a rule from the Rules Committee -- length of debate, number of Amendments possible. But the increasing use of closed rules means that most legislation say, to an hour of debate and limiting amendments (denies minority the opportunity for Republican amendments) To make matters worse, the Democratic leadership has set the ratio of the Rules Committee at 9:4 (ck to see if this is new), so that the majority can have a quorum, even if the minority never shows up! Stacking the committees, changing ratios of Ds and Rs But, the decentralization to subcommittee government has increased the probability of co-optation by special interest groups, which was harder to do to large broad-based committee While opening it up at one end, (decentralized into subcommittees) they've closed it at the other end (closed rules) So they offer only the illusion of reform -- hypocrisy Also: -- Marble floors -- House bank, restaurant, post office (-- Midnight pay raise) V. Policy Failure And for this -- we get a Congress incapable of passing the simple plan I presented almost two months ago -- a Congress controlled by the Democratic caucus which cannot manage a tiny bank or a tiny post office. Call it the arrogance of power. You all saw the degradation of the confirmation process look at the sorry spectacle of Clarence Thomas Clarence Thomas -- the idea that completely apart from who you thought was telling the truth, the country as a whole was disgusted by the way that the Senate Judiciary Committee top 5 Biden, Kennedy, Deconcini, Leahy, bounced from Metzenbaum $250,000 Jack Danforth -- this isn't advise and consent -- this is slash and burn. Turn to Federalist #71 (Hamilton) for guidance. "The representatives of the people, in a popular assembly, seem sometime to fancy that they are the people themselves, and betray strong symptoms of impatience and disgust at the least sign of opposition from any other quarter: as if the exercise of its rights, by either the executive or judiciary, were a breach of their privilege and an outrage to their dignity." House voted to investigate decade-old "Oct Surprise" on the same day as they voted not to investigate House Post Office Clearly Congress has gotten much more involved in MICROMANAGEMENT of the Executive Branch -- everything from app. earmarks, to the struggle over PAS appointments to inquisitorial oversight hearings (Dingell and the E&C committee) to legislating by committee report (1986 tax reform bill transition language) and criminalizing foreign policy. Not a new Mitchell President not above the law, but Congress is not above the Constitution Also: -- Kemp getting slamdunked on HOPE -- Pentagon spending. Reiterating desire to kill the Seawolf sub (good whack at Clinton) i and the V-22 Osprey, a favorite of Penn. and Tex. delegations -- S&Ls (Freddy St. Germain, Coelho and Wright) -- BCCI (David Paul, former Fin. Chmn of DSCC) Iron triangle maintenance of the status quo -- helps explain why we spend $400 billion on education and yet test scores are falling -- the current education bill is a perfect example of the "iron triangles" at work. The Ed and Labor cmte. has stripped away choice and accountability. So that's why I have to veto this bill In the meantime, I will take additional actions on my own, with every legal means at my disposal, to keep the economy moving up. I will do so in spite of the hopelessly tangled Congressional web of PACS, perks, [add: pork] privilege, partisanship and paralysis. There is, of course, a serious limit on what a President can do without Congress. But I am determined to do all I can to effect change. VI. What it Means to You, the Citizen What does it mean when the Congress is no longer in touch with the American people? When too many elected officials see their constituents as sources of votes and cash and seekers of favors, and not as fellow citizens mutually engaged in our democratic experiment? When too many Members see interest groups as special interests, not as Tocquevillean joiners and doers. No economic growth package -- jobs, future, real estate prices, business investment No improvement in education, cost to our long term competitiveness, standard of living No crime bill -- less safe streets We even had to wait a year for the transportation bill VII. Solutions The time has come for change, because when the system is broken, you do have to fix it. I have proposed to eliminate the PACs which are poisoning our system. The time has come to eliminate these Political Action committees in their entirely. We should apply to Congress the same laws -- from employment practices to civil rights to the Freedom of Information Act -- which it imposes on everyone else. Madison "If the legislatures shall pass a law not applicable to itself as well as to the public, the people will be prepared to accept anything but liberty." [Federalist #55] I believe the time has come to limit the terms of Congressmen. The terms of Presidents are limited. It is time for the terms of Congressmen to be limited. I realize that these are only modest steps. But they reflect a fundamental attitude. Here are some ideas, but I'm not sure we want to get specific -- Reduce the # of committees and subcommittees -- -- Cut committee staff (one of the few good ideas Bob Kerrey had) oversized -- Limit the number of days Members cand spend in session -- Make sure that all federal laws apply to Congress It may be better to stay on the high road, and let the Congress worry about the details of cleaning up their own House. What we're talking about here is balance. Madison warned us against imbalance in Federalist #47: "No political truth is certainly of greater intrinsic value, or is stamped with the authority of more enlightened patrons of liberty the accumulation of all powerd, legislative, executive, and judiciary, in the same hands, whether of one, a few, or many, and whether hereditary, self-appointed, or elective, may justly be pronouncedthe very definition of tyranny." If the Democratic leadership that runs the status quo Congress will not help us change America, we will have to change it without them. If the Democratic leadership that runs the status quo Congress will not help us reform government, we must reform it without them. You see, change is nothing to fear. For more than two centuries, America has been a force for change. Our restlessness is legendary. Our energy boundless. ### TALKING POINTS FOR THE VICE PRESIDENT GREATER ORLANDO CHAMBER OF COMMERCE ORLANDO, FLORIDA FRIDAY, DECEMBER 6, 1991 9:35 A.M. Acknowledgements: Phil Handy and Jacob Stewart [Chamber President], both of whom I saw at the Term Limits Roundtable four months ago. Friends and members of "Citizens for Limited Terms." Members of the Chamber of Commerce -- and let me commend the Chamber for your early endorsement of term limits. Term limits -- O One of my favorite issues. An idea whose time has come. In my travels around the country, I've seen this movement pick up steam. All of you know the facts here in Florida behind your grass- roots movement. Here, as in states like California, Oklahoma, and Colorado, people are turning to the idea of limited terms as a way of strengthening the people's control of the government, both state and federal. Let me share with you some facts about the Congress of the United States. Incumbents have a massive advantage in money -- the mother's milk of politics. O 1990: Only 6% of House races were financially competitive. House incumbents raised 6 times as much as their competitors. In the Senate, it was three to one. These figures don't take into account advantages like mass mailings under the franking privilege. O 1989: Congress sent 600 million pieces of mail (Cost: $90 million) Re-election rates are astronomical O 1990: 98.3% House incumbents re-elected O In the 100th Congress (1987-89), more House members left office through death (7) than by defeat at the polls (6). Of those six, five were tainted one way or another with an ethics issue. So one member was defeated through the competition of ideas. Rates of re-election haven't always been this high. In the 1800's, rates were between 40% and 70%. They've gone higher since World War I: 1946-1966: average was 88% 1966-1988: average was 94% In the so-called "anti-incumbent" election of 1990, it was still 96.2%. Let me make the case for limiting Congressional terms. O, First: Equality. The Executive and the Legislature are co-equal branches. But right now the Constitution practices discrimination. Did you know that the House of Representatives has been controlled by one party for 37 straight years? When it comes to one-party legislative dominance in major countries of the world, only Japan, Mexico, South Africa and -- until recently -- the Soviet Union show comparable rates. I hasten to add that this is not a partisan issue. Many Democrats in Congress support the idea, as did Presidents Harry Truman and John Kennedy -- and, for that matter, Lincoln, Eisenhower, and Bush. Term limits may produce a Congress that will be more serious about the business of legislating. Now, the institution focuses too heavily on itself, and on re-election. (The Speaker of the House doesn't like it when I say that, but it's true!) Now, it might be said that it's easy for me to talk about reforming Congress -- but I've felt this way for a long time. O Maiden speech in 1977 -- Term limits amendment. In the Senate: Majority Leader Baker appointed me Chairman of the Select Committee on Committee Reorganization. It opened my eyes. Some senators are on no less than 17 committees and 2 subcommittees. I wanted to reduce that number -- but I learned that some committees are tailored to interest groups. The problem is aggravated by endless Congressional careers. The longer you stay, the more staff and committees you get. O 1970: Staff = 10,000 Today: 20,000 -- and growing! Another feature of the system: Institutional arrogance. Congress is exempt from: - Equal Employment Opportunity Act - National Labor Relations Act - Freedom of Information Act - Privacy Act - Ethics in Government Act Increasingly, there's two classes of Americans: those who make the laws, and those who must obey them. And, of course, financing the federal government, a central responsibility of the Congress, is being handled poorly -- year in, and year out. That's why I'm not surprised by what I've called the "Voter Revolt" to limit terms. People are cynical, frustrated, and, in too many cases, not voting. At least in part, we see low voter turnout because too many legislative races pose no real contest: in effect, no choice for the voters. The bottom line: Americans are denied competition in the electoral process. I'm familiar with the arguments against terms limits. First: that good people will be forced out of office before their time. of course that will happen; but it's not true that there aren't enough good potential members of Congress out there. Believe me: with term limits, we'd still have able and talented members of Congress. Also, the seniority system would fade in importance. Another argument: that special interests will gain power. To that, I respond with a question: who has the power right 3 now? Today there's an iron triangle -- committees, bureaucrats, special interest groups. Some argue Congressional staff will take over. Well, with a typical senator serving on 17 committees and subcommittees, the influence of staff is already enormous. And don't forget: Who has more power than the very senior staffer of a very senior member? Strongest argument for the status quo: that the voters will be denied choice. But, practically speaking, choice is already being denied today. The Framers of the Constitution didn't specifically provide for term limits. Many thought it was too small a detail to write into law; Others wanted to leave the decision to voters. But it was certainly understood that there would be rotation in office -- for the President, and for Congress. That's why, in the modern age of career politicians, PACs, and countless special interest groups, the Framers might well have supported limited terms as a matter of law. If we can do it in the states by referendum -- provided the federal courts agree -- then so be it. But if it takes a Constitutional Amendment, that's fine. And, of course, when it comes to a state legislature, the decision is thoroughly up to the citizens of the states -- and that's what's going on here in Florida. This is a great movement for change in a nation born in revolution -- and I'll say it again: This is an idea whose time has come. Good luck, and keep up the great work. # # # 4 03/25/92 11:27AM PROCLAMATIONS BY JOINT RESOLUTION 01/20/89 03/25/92 PROCLAMATION RESOLUTION OFFICIAL TITLE NUMBER DATE RECEIVED OBSERVANCE Federal Employees Recognition Week, 5941 03/08/89 H.J.Res. 22 03/06/89- 1989 03/07/89 03/12/89 National Agriculture Day, 1989 5943 03/18/89 H.J.Res. 117 03/20/89 03/22/89 Greek Independence Day: A National Day 5944 03/21/89 S.J.Res. 64 03/25/89 of Celebration of Greek and American 03/16/89 Democracy, Women's History Month, 1989 and 1990 5945 03/24/89 H.J.Res. 148 March 03/17/89 Actors' Fund of America Appreciation 5946 03/24/89 H.J.Res. 650 April Month, 1989 11/10/88 National Earthquake Awareness Week, 5947 03/27/89 H.J.Res. 564 04/02/89- 1989 11/10/88 04/08/89 National Child Care Awareness Week, 5948 04/02/89 S.J.Res. 50 1989 04/02/89- 03/28/89 04/08/89 National Former Prisoners of War 5951 04/07/89 S.J.Res. 43 Recognition Day, 1989 04/09/89 04/06/89 Education Day, U.S.A., 1989 and 1990 5956 04/14/89 H.J.Res. 173 04/16/89, 04/11/89 04/06/90 National Recycling Month, 1989 5957 04/19/89 H.J.Res. 102 April 04/11/89 National Organ and Tissue Donor 5958 04/20/89 H.J.Res. 112 Awareness Week, 1989 and 1990 04/29/89, 04/11/89 04/23/90- 04/29/90 04/11/90 Bicentennial Celebration of the 5963 04/28/89 S.J.Res. 92 Inauguration of George Washington 04/30/89 04/27/89 National Drinking Water Week, 1989 5964 04/28/89 S.J.Res. 60 05/01/89- 05/01/89 05/07/89 National Society of the Sons of the 5965 04/28/89 S.J.Res. 84 American Revolution Centennial Day, 04/30/89 04/27/89 1989 Jewish Heritage Week, 1989 5966 05/01/89 S.J.Res. 25 05/07/89- 04/27/89 05/14/89 Smith-Lever Act 75th Anniversary, 1989 5969 05/03/89 H.J.Res. 124 05/08/89 04/28/89 Older Americans Month, 1989 5970 05/04/89 S.J.Res. 45 May 04/19/89 National Stroke Awareness Month, 1989 5975 05/11/89 S.J.Res. 62 May 05/03/89 National Correctional Officers Week, 1989 5976 05/11/89 H.J.Res. 135 05/07/89- 05/11/89 05/14/89 Trauma Awareness Month, 1989 5979 05/15/89 S.J.Res. 68 May 05/11/89 National Osteoporosis Prevention Week, 5981 05/17/89 S.J.Res. 37 1989 and 1990 05/14/89- 05/15/89 05/20/89, 05/13/90- 05/19/90 PROCLAMATION RESOLUTION OFFICIAL TITLE NUMBER DATE RECEIVED OBSERVANCE High School Reserve Officer Training 5982 05/17/89 S.J.Res. 58 Corps Recognition Day, 1989 05/17/89 05/17/89 National Digestive Disease Awareness 5984 05/22/89 H.J.Res. 170 Month, 1989 May 05/18/89 National Day of Remembrance for the 5986 05/24/89 H.J.Res. 247 Victims of the USS IOWA 05/29/89 05/16/89 Baltic Freedom Day, 1989 5990 06/14/89 S.J.Res. 63 06/14/89 06/14/89 National Grasslands Weeks, 1989 5991 06/15/89 S.J.Res. 386 06/18/89- 11/08/88 06/24/89 National Scleroderma Awareness Week, 5992 06/16/89 H.J.Res. 274 1989 06/11/89- 06/16/89 06/17/89 National Lighthouse Day, 1989 5993 06/19/89 S.J.Res. 306 08/07/89 10/28/88 United States Coast Guard Auxiliary 5994 06/23/89 H.J.Res. 111 Day, 1989 06/23/89 06/23/89 National Literacy Day 5995 06/30/89 S.J.Res. 96 07/02/89 06/30/89 National Day to Commemorate the 5998 07/07/89 H.J.Res. 298 Bicentennial of Bastille Day, the 07/14/89 06/28/89 French Revo Lyme Disease Awareness Week, 1989 6000 07/26/89 S.J.Res. 142 07/23/89- 07/24/89 07/29/89 National Week of Recognition and 6001 07/26/89 S.J.Res. 85 Remembrance for Those Who Served in the 07/24/89- Korean War, 1989 07/24/89 07/30/89 National POW/MIA Recognition Day, 1989 6002 07/28/89 S.J.Res. 129 09/15/89 07/20/89 United States Customs Service 200th Anniversary Year, 1989 6004 07/31/89 H.J.Res. 363 1989 08/04/89 Helsinki Human Rights Day, 1989 6005 08/01/89 S.J.Res. 150 08/01/89 08/01/89 National 1989 Neighborhood Crime Watch Day, 6006 08/07/89 S.J.Res. 136 08/08/89 08/07/89 National Senior Citizens Day, 1989 6007 08/14/89 H.J.Res. 225 08/20/89 08/11/89 National 1989 Library Card Sign-Up Month, 6008 08/14/89 H.J.Res. 231 September 08/11/89 National Wilderness Week, 1989 6009 08/14/89 S.J.Res. 67 09/03/89- 08/07/89 09/09/89 National Drive for Life Weekend, 1989 6011 08/15/89 S.J.Res. 127 09/02/89- 08/07/89 09/04/89 National Pledge of Allegiance Day, 1989 6012 08/15/89 H.J.Res. 253 09/09/89 08/11/89 The Bicentennial Anniversary of the First U.S. Patent and Copyright Laws, 6013 08/15/89 S.J.Res. 169 1990 10/16/86 1990 World War II Remembrance Week, 1989 6014 08/29/89 H.J.Res. 221 09/01/89- 08/07/89 09/07/89 National Check-Up Week, 1989 6015 09/05/89 S.J.Res. 95 09/10/89- 07/13/89 09/16/89 PROCLAMATION RESOLUTION OFFICIAL TITLE NUMBER DATE RECEIVED OBSERVANCE Uncle Sam Day, 1989 6016 09/05/89 H.J.Res. 626 09/13/89 11/01/88 United States Coast Guard Bicentennial 6017 09/12/89 S.J.Res. 126 1989- (August 4, 1989 - August 4, 1990) 08/04/89 1990 National Alcohol and Drug Treatment 6018 09/12/89 S.J.Res. 132 Month, 1989 September 09/11/89 National Historically Black Colleges 6019 09/13/89 S.J.Res. 109 Week, 1989 09/11/89- 09/13/89 09/15/89 National D.A.R.E. Day, 1989 6020 09/13/89 H.J.Res. 276 09/14/89 06/28/89 United States Marshals Bicentennial 6024 09/21/89 S.J.Res. 352 Day, 1989 09/24/89 11/08/88 Emergency Medical Services Week, 1989 6026 09/21/89 H.J.Res. 133 09/17/89- 09/21/89 09/23/89 Commendation of the Citizens of the 6027 09/22/89 H.J.Res. 379 Sioux city, Iowa, Tri-State Area 08/11/89 Religious Freedom Week, 1989 6029 09/27/89 S.J.Res. 146 09/24/89- 09/21/89 09/30/89 National Quality Month, 1989 6031 09/29/89 H.J.Res. 204 October 09/22/89 Mental Illness Awareness Week, 1989 6032 09/29/89 S.J.Res. 55 10/01/89- 08/07/89 10/07/89 National 1989 Health Care Food Service Week, 6035 10/03/89 S.J.Res. 81 10/01/89- 10/02/89 10/07/89 Raoul Wallenberg Day, 1989 6036 10/04/89 S.J.Res. 110 10/05/89 07/20/89 German-American Day, 1989 6037 10/05/89 S.J.Res. 118 10/06/89 09/21/89 National Children's Day, 1989 6039 10/05/89 H.J.Res. 132 10/08/89 06/28/89 National Domestic Violence Awareness Month, 1989 6043 10/11/89 S.J.Res. 133 October 10/02/89 National Job Skills Week, 1989 6044 10/11/89 S.J.Res. 148 10/08/89- 10/02/89 10/14/89 Italian-American Heritage and Culture Month, 1989 6045 10/12/89 H.J.Res. 392 October 10/13/89 World Food Day, 1989 and 1990 6048 10/16/89 S.J.Res. 138 10/16/89, 10/02/89 10/16/90 National Down Syndrome Month, 1989 6049 10/16/89 S.J.Res. 122 October 10/05/89 National Red Ribbon Week for a 6053 Drug-Free America, 1989 10/24/89 S.J.Res. 213 10/22/89- 10/16/89 10/29/89 Polish American Heritage Month, 1989 6054 10/25/89 S.J.Res. 93 October 07/20/89 Country Music Month, 1989 6055 10/25/89 H.J.Res. 401 October 10/13/89 National Arab-American Day, 1989 6056 10/25/89 H.J.Res. 241 10/25/89 10/30/89 PROCLAMATION RESOLUTION OFFICIAL TITLE NUMBER DATE RECEIVED OBSERVANCE Fire Safety at Home Day, 1989 6057 10/27/89 S.J.Res. 177 10/29/89 10/25/89 Gaucher's Disease Awareness Week, 1989 6059 11/01/89 S.J.Res. 73 10/29/89- 11/02/89 11/04/89 National Hospice Month, 1989 and 1990 6061 11/07/89 S.J.Res. 78 November 08/07/89 National Glaucoma Awareness Week, 1989 6062 11/07/89 S.J.Res. 194 11/12/89- 11/02/89 11/18/89 Montana Centennial Day, 1989 6063 11/08/89 S.J.Res. 19 11/08/89 11/08/89 National Women Veterans Recognition 6064 11/09/89 H.J.Res. 35 11/05/89- Week, 1989 11/06/89 11/11/89 Washington Centennial Day, 1989 6065 11/09/89 S.J.Res. 209 11/11/89 11/02/89 Geography Awareness Week, 1989 6066 11/09/89 S.J.Res. 120 11/12/89- 10/27/89 11/18/89 National Diabetes Month, 1989 6068 11/15/89 S.J.Res. 131 November 11/02/89 Community Foundation Week, 1989 6069 11/15/89 H.J.Res. 425 11/12/89- 11/09/89 11/18/89 National Philanthropy Day, 1989 6071 11/15/89 S.J.Res. 86 11/17/89 10/25/89 Hunger Education Month, 1989 6072 11/16/89 S.J.Res. 198 November 11/06/89 National Military Families Recognition 6074 11/20/89 S.J.Res. 215 Day, 1989 11/20/89 11/09/89 National Family Week, 1989 and 1990 6075 11/21/89 S.J.Res. 117 11/19/89- 10/02/89 11/25/89, 11/18/90- 11/24/90 National Adoption Week, 1989 6076 11/21/89 H.J.Res. 278 11/20/89- 11/15/89 11/26/89 National Family Caregivers Week, 1989 6077 11/22/89 H.J.Res. 282 11/19/89- 11/20/89 11/25/89 National Alzheimer's Disease Month, 1989 and 1990 6078 11/27/89 S.J.Res. 16 November 11/28/89 National Home Care Week, 1989 and 1990 6079 11/27/89 S.J.Res. 184 11/26/89- 11/20/89 12/02/89, 11/25/90- 12/01/90 National 1989 American Indian Heritage Week, 6080 12/05/89 S.J.Res. 218 12/03/89- 11/20/89 12/09/89 National Cities Fight Back Against Drugs Week, 1989 6081 12/05/89 S.J.Res. 205 12/03/89- 11/30/89 12/09/89 National Drunk and Drugged Driving Awareness Week, 1989 6083 12/11/89 H.J.Res. 429 12/10/89- 12/01/89 12/16/89 Earth Day, 1990 6085 01/03/90 S.J.Res. 159 04/22/90 11/20/89 Law Enforcement Training Week, 1990 6086 01/03/90 S.J.Res. 137 01/07/90- 07/13/89 01/13/90 PROCLAMATION RESOLUTION OFFICIAL TITLE NUMBER DATE RECEIVED OBSERVANCE National Women and Girls in Sports Day, 6091 02/08/90 H.J.Res. 82 02/08/90 1990 02/07/90 National Burn Awareness Week, 1990 and 6092 02/08/90 S.J.Res. 217 02/04/90- 1991 02/08/90 02/10/90, 02/03/91- 02/09/91 Vocation-Technical Education Week, 1990 6094 02/12/90 S.J.Res. 130 02/11/90- 02/05/90 02/17/90 National Visiting Nurse Association 6096 02/16/90 S.J.Res. 103 Week, 1990 02/18/90- 02/08/90 02/24/90 Lithuanian Independence Day, 1990 6098 02/16/90 H.J.Res. 149 02/16/90 02/05/90 International Year of Bible Reading, 6100 02/22/90 S.J.Res. 164 1990 1990 11/30/89 National Quarter Horse Week, 1990 6102 02/27/90 S.J.Res. 186 03/01/90- 02/26/90 03/07/90 Harriet Tubman Day, 1990 6107 03/09/90 S.J.Res. 257 03/10/90 03/08/90 Deaf Awareness Week, 1990 6108 03/13/90 S.J.Res. 227 03/11/90- 03/08/90 03/17/90 Greek Independence Day: A National Day 6109 03/20/90 S.J.Res. 243 03/25/90 of Celebration of Greek and American 03/15/90 Democracy, United States Naval Reserve Month, 1990 6111 03/30/90 S.J.Res. 266 March 03/29/90 National Former Prisoners of War Recognition Day, 1990 6113 04/06/90 S.J.Res. 190 04/09/90 03/26/90 National Recycling Month, 1990 6117 04/20/90 S.J.Res. 250 April 03/29/90 National Crime Victims' Rights Week, 6121 04/25/90 S.J.Res. 242 1990 04/22/90- 04/20/90 04/28/90 National Arbor Day, 1990 6122 04/26/90 S.J.Res. 258 04/27/90 04/26/90 National Physical Fitness and Sports Month, 1990 6124 05/01/90 S.J.Res. 267 May 05/25/90 Be Kind to Animals and National Pet 6126 Week, 1990 05/02/90 S.J.Res. 236 05/06/90- 05/03/90 05/12/90 Jewish Heritage Week, 1990 6127 05/03/90 S.J.Res. 241 05/06/90- 05/02/90 05/13/90 National Drinking Water Week, 1990 6128 05/03/90 S.J.Res. 230 05/06/90- 05/02/90 05/12/90 National Tourism Week, 1990 6129 05/03/90 S.J.Res. 153 05/13/90- 05/02/90 05/19/90 Asian/Pacific 1990 American Heritage Month, 6130 05/07/90 H.R. 3802 May 05/07/90 National Digestive Disease Awareness Month, 1990 6132 05/10/90 H.J.Res. 453 May 05/11/90 Human National Day in Support of Freedom and 6134 05/12/90 S.J.Res. 275 05/13/90 Rights 05/11/90 PROCLAMATION RESOLUTION OFFICIAL TITLE NUMBER DATE RECEIVED OBSERVANCE National Trauma Awareness Month, 1990 6136 05/17/90 S.J.Res. 224 May 05/02/90 25th Anniversary of Head Start, 1990 6140 05/24/90 H.J.Res. 490 05/18/90 05/10/90 State-Supported Homes for Veterans 6144 06/11/90 S.J.Res. 231 06/10/90- Week, 1990 05/25/90 06/16/90 Baltic Freedom Day, 1990 6146 06/14/90 S.J.Res. 251 06/14/90 06/13/90 National Scleroderma Awareness Week, 6148 06/15/90 H.J.Res. 516 1990 06/10/90- 06/13/90 06/16/90 National Sheriff's Week, 1990 6149 06/21/90 S.J.Res. 264 06/24/90- 06/26/90 06/30/90 Korean War Remembrance Day, 1990 6150 06/22/90 H.J.Res. 575 06/25/90 06/26/90 National Literacy Day, 1990 6153 06/29/90 S.J.Res. 320 07/02/90 06/26/90 National Ducks and Wetlands Day, 1990 6154 06/29/90 H.J.Res. 599 07/01/90 07/03/90 Idaho Centennial Day, 1990 6155 07/03/90 S.J.Res. 245 07/03/90 06/20/90 Wyoming Centennial Day, 1990 6156 07/09/90 S.J.Res. 271 07/10/90 06/29/90 Flight Attendant Safety Professionals' 6157 07/13/90 S.J.Res. 278 07/19/90 Day, 1990 06/29/90 Decade of the Brain - Beginning January 6158 07/17/90 H.J.Res. 174 1990- 1, 1990 07/18/89 1999 Rose Fitzgerald Kennedy Family 6159 07/18/90 S.J.Res. 315 Appreciation Day, 1990 07/22/90 06/26/90 Lyme Disease Awareness Week, 1990 6161 07/19/90 S.J.Res. 276 07/22/90- 07/20/90 07/28/90 Helsinki Human Rights Day, 1990 6163 07/31/90 S.J.Res. 339 08/01/90 07/30/90 National Agricultural Research Week, 1990 6164 08/06/90 H.J.Res. 548 08/19/90- 08/03/90 08/25/90 Voting Rights Celebrations Day, 1990 6165 08/06/90 H.J.Res. 625 08/06/90 08/03/90 National 1990 Neighborhood Crime Watch Day, 6166 08/06/90 S.J.Res. 296 08/07/90 08/09/90 Home Health Aide Week, 1990 6168 08/14/90 S.J.Res. 343 08/13/90- 08/09/90 08/19/90 National Senior Citizens Day, 1990 6169 08/14/90 H.J.Res. 591 08/19/90 07/27/90 National Drive for Life Weekend, 1990 6171 08/20/90 H.J.Res. 627 09/01/90- 08/09/90 09/03/90 International Visitors' Month, 1990 6172 08/22/90 S.J.Res. 248 September 08/09/90 National D.A.R.E. Day, 1990 6174 09/04/90 S.J.Res. 281 09/13/90 07/20/90 PROCLAMATION RESOLUTION OFFICIAL TITLE NUMBER DATE RECEIVED OBSERVANCE National Rehabilitation Week, 1990 6176 09/11/90 S.J.Res. 279 09/16/90- 09/12/90 09/22/90 National Give the Kids A Fighting 6177 09/11/90 H.J.Res. 515 Chance Week, 1990 09/16/90- 08/09/90 09/23/90 National Historically Black Colleges 6178 09/12/90 S.J.Res. 285 Week, 1990 09/09/90- 09/12/90 09/15/90 National POW/MIA Recognition Day, 1990 6180 09/14/90 H.J.Res. 467 09/21/90 08/09/90 Religious Freedom Week, 1990 6181 09/20/90 S.J.Res. 331 09/23/90- 09/19/90 09/29/90 National Teacher Appreciation Day, 1990 6182 09/20/90 S.J.Res. 313 10/03/90 09/19/90 Emergency Medical Services Week, 1990 6184 09/20/90 H.J.Res. 568 09/16/90- 09/19/90 09/22/90 National Job Skills Week, 1990 6188 09/28/90 S.J.Res. 333 09/30/90- 09/19/90 10/06/90 German-American Day, 1990 6194 10/03/90 H.J.Res. 469 10/06/90 10/03/90 Mental Illness Awareness Week, 1990 6196 10/09/90 S.J.Res. 256 10/07/90- 08/03/90 10/13/90 National Children's Day, 1990 6197 10/09/90 S.J.Res. 316 10/14/90 08/03/90 Dwight D. Eisenhower Day, 1990 6199 10/10/90 S.J.Res. 237 10/14/90 03/26/90 National 1990 Breast Cancer Awareness Month, 6202 10/11/90 S.J.Res. 301 October 10/02/90 Country Music Month, 1990 6205 10/12/90 H.J.Res. 603 October 10/03/90 National Drug-Free Schools and Communities Education and Awareness 6206 10/17/90 S.J.Res. 304 10/17/90 10/17/90 Day, 1990 Crime Prevention Month, 1990 6208 10/18/90 S.J.Res. 309 October 09/12/90 National Radon Action Week, 1990 6209 10/19/90 S.J.Res. 317 10/14/90- 10/17/90 10/20/90 National Red Ribbon Week for a Drug-Free America, 1990 6210 10/19/90 S.J.Res. 346 10/20/90- 10/20/90 10/28/90 American Textile Industry Bicentennial 6211 Week, 1990 10/20/90 H.J.Res. 518 10/13/90- 10/24/90 10/20/90 Polish American Heritage Month, 1990 6212 10/23/90 S.J.Res. 289 October 09/12/90 National Domestic Violence Awareness Month, 1990 6213 10/24/90 H.J.Res. 602 October 10/12/90 World Population Awareness Week, 1990 6214 10/24/90 S.J.Res. 158 10/21/90- 10/24/90 10/27/90 Eating Disorders Awareness Week, 1990 6215 10/24/90 H.J.Res. 214 10/22/90- 10/24/90 10/28/90 Yosemite National Park Centennial Year, 6216 10/25/90 H.J.Res. 398 1990) 1990 - 1991 - (beginning October 1, 1990- 10/03/90 1991 PROCLAMATION RESOLUTION OFFICIAL TITLE NUMBER DATE RECEIVED OBSERVANCE Ending Hunger Month, 1990 6217 10/25/90 S.J.Res. 342 October 10/17/90 Italian-American Heritage and Culture 6218 10/26/90 S.J.Res. 349 October Month, 1990 10/17/90 Refugee Day, 1990 6219 10/30/90 S.J.Res. 375 10/30/90 11/08/90 For a National Day of Prayer, November 6221 11/02/90 H.J.Res. 673 2, 1990 11/02/90 11/06/90 National Week to Commemorate the 6222 11/03/90 S.J.Res. 329 11/03/90- Victims of the Famine in Ukraine, 11/20/90 1932-1933 11/10/90 National Women Veterans Recognition 6224 11/09/90 S.J.Res. 307 Week, 1990 11/11/90- 10/24/90 11/17/90 National Philanthropy Day, 1990 6225 11/09/90 S.J.Res. 293 11/16/90 10/24/90 Geography Awareness Week, 1990 6227 11/13/90 S.J.Res. 323 11/11/90- 10/22/90 11/17/90 National American Indian Heritage 6230 11/14/90 H.J.Res. 577 November Month, 1990 07/27/90 National Federation of the Blind Day, 6232 11/15/90 H.J.Res. 667 1990 11/16/90 10/30/90 National Military Families Recognition 6233 11/16/90 H.J.Res. 566 11/19/90 Day, 1990 10/24/90 National Adoption Week, 1990 6234 11/20/90 S.J.Res. 362 11/18/90- 10/22/90 11/24/90 National Family Caregivers Week, 1990 6235 11/20/90 H.J.Res. 525 11/18/90- 10/30/90 11/24/90 National 1991 Law Enforcement Training Week, 6240 12/18/90 H.J.Res. 554 01/06/91- 08/09/90 01/12/91 National Visiting Nurse Associations 6246 02/05/91 S.J.Res. 270 Week, 1991 02/17/91- 10/22/90 02/23/91 National 1991 Women and Girls in Sports Day, 6248 02/07/91 H.J.Res. 30 02/07/91 02/07/91 Lithuanian Independence Day, 1991 6250 02/14/91 H.J.Res. 606 02/16/91 11/09/90 National Parents and Teachers Association Week, 1991 6251 02/21/91 S.J.Res. 364 02/17/91- 11/20/90 02/23/91 Commemoration of the Bicenntennial of 6252 U.S.-Portugal Relations 02/21/91 S.J.Res. 55 02/21/91 02/28/91 National Doctors Day, 1991 6253 02/21/91 S.J.Res. 366 03/30/91 10/22/90 In Commemoration of the 30th Anniversary of the United States Peace 6254 03/01/91 S.J.Res. 76 03/01/91 02/27/91 Corps Federal 1991 Employees Recognition Week, 6255 03/01/91 S.J.Res. 51 03/04/91- 02/28/91 03/10/91 Vermont Bicentennial Day, 1991 6256 03/04/91 S.J.Res. 58 03/04/91 02/28/91 National School Breakfast Week, 1991 6258 03/08/91 H.J.Res. 98 03/04/91- 03/11/91 03/10/91 PROCLAMATION RESOLUTION OFFICIAL TITLE NUMBER DATE RECEIVED OBSERVANCE Irish-American Heritage Month, 1991 6259 03/12/91 H.J.Res. 482 March 10/04/90 National Employ the Older Worker Week, 6260 03/15/91 H.J.Res. 133 03/10/91- 1991 03/20/91 03/16/91 National County Government Week, 1991 6261 03/19/91 S.J.Res. 347 04/07/91- 10/22/90 04/13/91 Education Day, U.S.A., 1991 6262 03/20/91 H.J.Res. 104 03/26/91 03/14/91 National Medal of Honor Day, 1991 6263 03/21/91 H.J.Res. 652 03/25/91 11/09/90 Greek Independence Day: National Day of 6264 03/25/91 S.J.Res. 59 03/25/91 Celebration of Greek and American 03/22/91 Democracy, Women's History Month, 1991 6265 03/25/91 H.J.Res. 149 March 07/01/91 National Former Prisoner of War 6267 04/03/91 S.J.Res. 53 04/09/91, Recognition Day, 1991 and 1992 03/21/91 04/09/92 Jewish Heritage Week, 1991 and 1992 6272 04/17/91 H.J.Res. 134 04/14/91- 04/12/91 04/21/91, 05/03/92- 05/10/92 National Education First Week, 1991 6273 04/18/91 H.J.Res. 197 04/15/91- 04/12/91 04/21/91 Earth Day, 1991 6274 04/22/91 S.J.Res. 119 04/22/91 04/18/91 National Crime Victims' Week, 1991 6275 04/22/91 S.J.Res. 16 04/21/91- 04/18/91 04/27/91 National Arbor Day, 1991 6276 04/22/91 S.J.Res. 64 04/26/91 04/23/91 National Trauma Awareness Month, 1991 6277 04/22/91 S.J.Res. 351 May 10/22/90 National Organ and Tissue Donor 6281 04/25/91 H.J.Res. 218 Awareness Week, 1991 and 1992 04/21/91- 04/24/91 04/27/91, 04/19/92- 04/25/92 National Day to Commemorate the 200th 6286 05/01/91 H.J.Res. 669 Anniversary of the Adoption of the 05/03/91 10/26/90 Polish Cons National Tourism Week, 1991 6287 05/03/91 S.J.Res. 102 05/05/91- 04/26/91 05/11/91 Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month, 6288 05/06/91 H.J.Res. 173 1991 and 1992 May 05/06/91 Infant Mortality Awareness Day, 1991 6290 05/10/91 H.J.Res. 194 05/12/91 05/09/91 Emergency Medical Services Week, 1991 6293 and 1992 05/15/91 H.J.Res. 109 05/12/91- 05/13/91 05/18/91, 05/10/92- 05/16/92 Month, 1991 National Huntington's Disease Awareness 6295 05/17/91 S.J.Res. 127 May 05/20/91 National Foster Care Month, 1991 6297 05/20/91 H.J.Res. 154 May 05/10/91 PROCLAMATION RESOLUTION OFFICIAL TITLE NUMBER DATE RECEIVED OBSERVANCE National Desert Storm Reservists Day, 6298 05/21/91 S.J.Res. 134 05/22/91 1991 05/20/91 Week for the National Observance of the 6299 05/23/91 S.J.Res. 324 06/02/91- 50th Anniversary of World War II 10/24/90 06/08/91 National Scleroderma Awareness Week, 6303 06/11/91 H.J.Res. 219 06/09/91- 1991 06/12/91 06/15/91 Pediatric AIDS Awareness Week, 1991 6305 06/12/91 H.J.Res. 91 06/10/91- 06/13/91 06/16/91 Baltic Freedom Day, 1991 and 1992 6306 06/13/91 H.J.Res. 167 06/14/91, 03/14/91 06/14/92 National Forest System Month, 1991 6311 06/28/91 S.J.Res. 159 June 06/27/91 National Literacy Day, 1991 6312 07/02/91 H.J.Res. 259 07/02/91 07/01/91 Lyme Disease Awareness Week, 1991 6314 07/10/91 H.J.Res. 138 07/21/91- 07/01/91 07/27/91 Korean War Veterans Remembrance Week, 6316 07/23/91 H.J.Res. 255 07/21/91- 1991 07/19/91 07/28/91 National Juvenile Arthritis Awareness 6318 07/25/91 S.J.Res. 142 07/28/91- Week, 1991 07/25/91 08/03/91 Helsinki Human Rights Day, 1991 6319 07/31/91 H.J.Res. 264 08/01/91 08/02/91 National Senior Citizens Day, 1991 6321 08/12/91 H.J.Res. 181 08/18/91 07/26/91 National Sarcoidosis Awareness Day, 6322 08/15/91 H.J.Res. 309 08/29/91 1991 08/07/91 National Rice Month, 1991 6323 08/20/91 S.J.Res. 353 September 10/22/90 National Park Week, 1991 6325 08/21/91 S.J.Res. 179 08/25/91- 08/02/91 08/31/91 National Rehabilitation Week, 1991 6327 08/23/91 S.J.Res. 72 09/15/91- 08/06/91 09/21/91 Commodore John Barry Day, 1991 6328 08/26/91 H.J.Res. 166 09/13/91 08/08/91 National Historically Black Colleges 6332 09/09/91 S.J.Res. 40 Week, 1991 and 1992 09/08/91- 08/01/91 09/14/91- 09/06/92- 09/12/92 National POW/MIA Recognition Day, 1991 6334 09/12/91 H.J.Res. 233 09/20/91 09/25/91 National D.A.R.E. Day, 1991 6335 09/12/91 S.J.Res. 121 09/12/91 07/25/91 National Domestic Violence Awareness 6340 09/27/91 S.J.Res. 73 October Month, 1991 09/26/91 German-American Day, 1991 and 1992 6346 10/03/91 S.J.Res. 151 10/06/91, 09/25/91 10/06/92 National Radon Action Week, 1991 6347 10/04/91 S.J.Res. 132 10/13/91- 10/04/91 10/19/91 PROCLAMATION RESOLUTION OFFICIAL TITLE NUMBER DATE RECEIVED OBSERVANCE National Firefighters Day, 1991 6349 10/07/91 H.J.Res. 189 10/08/91 10/09/91 Mental Illness Awareness Week, 1991 6351 10/08/91 S.J.Res. 156 10/06/91- 10/01/91 10/12/91 Polish-American Heritage Month, 1991 6353 10/09/91 S.J.Res. 125 October 09/26/91 National Children's Day, 1991 6355 10/11/91 S.J.Res. 126 10/13/91 09/25/91 World Food Day, 1991 and 1992 6356 10/11/91 H.J.Res. 230 10/16/91, 10/16/91 10/16/92 National Law Enforcement Memorial 6357 10/15/91 S.J.Res. 107 Dedication Day, 1991 10/15/91 10/17/91 Country Music Month, 1991 6358 10/15/91 H.J.Res. 305 October 10/04/91 Crime Prevention Month, 1991 6359 10/17/91 H.J.Res. 303 October 10/16/91 National Down Syndrome Awareness Month, 6361 10/21/91 S.J.Res. 131 October 1991 10/22/91 Community Center Month, 1991 6363 10/23/91 S.J.Res. 357 October 11/09/90 National 1991 Breast Cancer Awareness Month, 6364 10/24/91 S.J.Res. 95 October 09/26/91 National Red Ribbon Week for a 6365 10/25/91 H.J.Res. 340 Drug-Free America, 1991 10/19/91- 10/25/91 10/27/91 World Population Awareness Week, 1991 6366 10/25/91 S.J.Res. 160 10/20/91- 10/25/91 10/26/91 Refugee Day, 1991 6367 10/28/91 S.J.Res. 192 10/30/91 10/25/91 National American Indian Heritage Month, 1991 6368 10/30/91 S.J.Res. 172 November 10/01/91 National Hospice Month, 1991 and 1992 6369 11/05/91 S.J.Res. 78 November 10/03/91 National Women Veterans Recognition Week, 1991 6371 11/12/91 S.J.Res. 145 11/10/91- 11/08/91 11/16/91 National Alzheimer's Disease Month, 1991 and 1992 6372 11/12/91 S.J.Res. 36 November 11/08/91 Hire a Veteran Week, 1991 6373 11/12/91 H.J.Res. 280 11/10/91- 11/08/91 11/16/91 National Red Ribbon Month, 1991 6374 11/13/91 S.J.Res. 188 November 11/08/91 Dutch-American Heritage Day, 1991 6375 11/14/91 H.J.Res. 177 11/16/91 11/08/91 National Philanthropy Day, 1991 6376 11/15/91 H.J.Res. 140 11/19/91 11/08/91 National Family Week, 1991 and 1992 6378 11/20/91 H.J.Res. 23 11/24/91- 09/27/91 11/30/91, 11/22/92- 11/28/92 PROCLAMATION RESOLUTION OFFICIAL TITLE NUMBER DATE RECEIVED OBSERVANCE National Military Families Recognition 6379 11/22/91 H.J.Res. 215 11/25/91 Day, 1991 11/22/91 National Accessible Housing Month, 1991 6381 11/25/91 S.J.Res. 184 November 11/25/91 National Family Caregivers Week, 1991 6382 11/25/91 H.J.Res. 125 11/24/91- and 1992 11/25/91 11/30/91, 11/22/92- 11/28/92 National Adoption Week, 1991 6383 11/27/91 S.J.Res. 207 11/24/91- 11/25/91 11/30/91 11/22/92- 11/28/92 National 1991 Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day, 6386 11/29/91 H.J.Res. 72 12/07/91 07/01/91 Geography Awareness Week, 1991 and 1992 6384 12/02/91 H.J.Res. 201 12/01/91- 12/03/91 12/06/91, 11/15/92- 11/20/92 National Home Care Week, 1991 and 1992 6385 12/02/91 H.J.Res. 175 12/01/91- 11/08/91 12/07/91, 11/29/92- 12/05/92 Bicentennial of the District of 6392 12/13/91 H.J.Res. 356 December Columbia Month, 1991 12/03/91 Year of Clean Water, 1992 - Clean Water 6393 12/13/91 S.J.Res. 181 1992 Month - October 1992 10/04/90 Year of Thanksgiving for the Blessings 6394 12/16/91 S.J.Res. 369 of Liberty, 1991 1991 11/06/90 Basketball Centennial Day, 1991 6395 12/17/91 H.J.Res. 372 12/21/91 12/03/91 National 1992 Law Enforcement Training Week, 6396 12/20/91 H.J.Res. 191 01/05/92- 12/03/91 01/11/92 National Ellis Island Day 6398 12/23/91 H.J.Res. 130 01/01/92 11/22/91 Year of the Gulf of Mexico - 1992 6399 01/10/92 H.J.Res. 327 1992 11/22/91 Women's History Month, 1992 6400 01/16/92 H.J.Res. 149 March 07/01/91 National Visiting Nurse Associations Week, 1992 6404 02/14/92 H.J.Res. 212 02/16/92- 12/03/91 02/22/92 Year of the American Indian - 1992 6407 03/02/92 S.J.Res. 217 1992 11/25/91 Irish-American Heritage Month, 1992 6408 03/04/92 H.J.Res. 350 March 03/04/92 Girl Scouts of the United States of America 80th Anniversary Day 6410 03/10/92 H.J.Res. 343 03/12/92 03/04/92 National Women in Agriculture Day, 1992 6412 03/17/92 S.J.Res. 176 03/19/92 03/16/92 National Public Safety Telecommunicators Week, 1992 03/18/92 H.J.Res. 284 04/12/92- 03/19/92 04/18/92 Curt More Prayer Breakfast -- I did a NEXIS search for a reference to the Camp David chapel experience. Here's an article and speech text from early June that makes reference to it. Thought this might help until we can get the transcript for the Dobson interview. The Vice President is going to recite a prayer. I called his office to see if anyone knew if it was a standard prayer or something his office was writing for him. No one knew anything. They're checking it out for me and will let me know. Per Advance: As yet, they have heard nothing about Billy Graham attending the event. An invitation has not been extended and they have not heard if he's planning to accompany the President. More on the choir -- The adult choir is made up of approximately 1,000 singers from various churches, synagogues around Houston; (they have no official name as yet -- other than Adult Choir). The children's choir is not an international choir. It's official name is the Houston Children's Choir. The two scripture readings are: Harold Wiesenthal will read from the Hebrew Bible -- 1 Chronicles 29: 10-13. Judge Al Green (ALSO IS PRESIDENT OF THE HOUSTON CHAPTER OF THE NAACP) will read from Philippians 4: 4- 9. I've included a copy of these verses; their recitations may not be identical verbatim, but should at least give you a sense of what these gentlemen will be reciting. hain Klose, Favor com. 3 this - " WgPost Post Michle Chagalo6 yourlook wg - Also SL Mames also 3 they :- type people. July 4,1992 7/4/92 Dear MisPresident I hope you win the Election W 0 landslide or whatever. think you wife 15 intelegent because she Jounse like she cares about the Community She has beauty in both insias and outside. I would vote for youther I'm a child (Imonly 9 years old.),We are going to a party for The 4th C July today .I hope you have a good 4th 0 July I've wrote to uc before and you sent me a pictur. of you. I would like a picture of you, and your wife, So please send me one like this, Thank you for taking your time to nos. this letter. Sencerly, Elena Nutcheson P.S, Please don't raise the taxes. We'll pray for you. Elena firricheson PM VAN 91409 NUID. 29 427 [ Aven J-13 10 JUL 1992 Laneaster CA 93355 George Bush The whit We 30 ington DC. , LOOKING FORWARD WHATEVER BROUGHT You TO TEXAS? 27 a North Korean take- I pointed out that as a candidate, I was expected to tell voters something about my qualifications. She thought about that a mo- ecticut was geared to de- ment, then reluctantly conceded. "Well, I understand that," she to the Democrats' said, "but try to restrain yourself." ocratic Senate incumbent Even after I became Vice President, Mother called to set me by 1,000 votes out of straight on my appearance during one of the President's televised candidate. When State of the Union messages. She said it didn't look right for me to McMahon, died two years be reading something while President Reagan was speaking. When special election to fill the I explained that House Speaker "Tip" O'Neill and I were given leering him on from Texas, advance copies of the speech in order to follow the President's seat, and in 1956 was remarks, she was less than persuaded. "I really can't see why that's like Ribicoff, eventually necessary," she said. "Just listen and you'll find out what he has to full decade in the Senate, say." political career in Harris Sometimes Mother is more subtle in her suggestions about my deportment as Vice President. "George, I've noticed how thought- ful President Reagan is to Nancy," she once called to say. "I've never seen him climb off a plane ahead of her or walk ahead of her. in Greenwich, Connect- He's so thoughtful!" I got the message. and me-our father had a But Mother's criticism of her children, like Dad's, was always look at the world. But the constructive, not negative. They were our biggest boosters, always single greatest influence" there when we needed them. They believed in an old-fashioned nother's influence and ex- way of bringing up a family-generous measures of both love and about duty and service. discipline. Religious teaching was also part of our home life. Each on a personal basis, relat- morning, as we gathered at the breakfast table, Mother or Dad read a Bible lesson to us. Our family is Episcopalian, and we regularly was a first-rate athlete. attended Sunday services at Christ Church in Greenwich. or anyone in tennis, golf, We were a close, happy family, and never closer or happier don't recall a footrace than when we crammed into the station wagon each summer-five in first. Even when her kids, two dogs, with Mother driving-to visit Walker's Point in us down to size when- Kennebunkport, Maine. It was named after my grandfather, George Herbert Walker, and his father, David, who had bought it on the alert for anything jointly as a family vacation home. from one of her children. Grandfather Walker was born into a devout Catholic family in George," she told me St. Louis and named after the seventeenth-century religious poet of my campaign speeches. George Herbert. He was a midwestern businessman, but more of a PAGE 2 1ST STORY of Level 1 printed in FULL format. Copyright 1991 News World Communications, Inc. The Washington Times June 7, 1991, Friday, Final Edition SECTION: Part A; Pg. A1 LENGTH: 879 words HEADLINE: Bush WOWS Baptists, backs school prayer BYLINE: Larry Witham; THE WASHINGTON TIMES DATELINE: ATLANTA BODY: ATLANTA - President Bush reached for the minds of 20,000 Southern Baptists here yesterday by calling for a school prayer amendment - and won their hearts with a tearful confession that he had wept in church while praying for American troops on the eve of the Persian Gulf war. "I call on the United States Congress to pass a constitutional amendment permitting voluntary prayer back into our nation's schools," he told delegates to the annual gathering of the conservative 15-million-member church, the nation's largest Protestant denomination. The president drew warm applause when he deviated from his prepared speech and, with voice breaking and tears glistening on his cheeks, told a clearly enthusiastic audience about praying with his wife, Barbara, in the chapel at Camp David just before the war started. "For me, prayer has always been important but quite personal - you know us Episcopalians, Mr. Bush said. "And like a lot of people I've worried a little bit about shedding tears in public, or the emotion of it. "But as Barbara and I prayed at Camp David before the air war began, we were thinking about those young men and women overseas. I had the tears start down the cheeks. And our minister smiled back. And I no longer worried how I looked to others." The president's voice cracked at this point and he brushed away tears and said, "Here we go." The audience stood and applauded, and Mr. Bush went on. "I think that like a lot of others who had positions of responsibility in sending someone else's kid to war, we realized that in prayer what mattered was how it might have seemed to God," he said. Mr. Bush has long been an advocate of a school prayer amendment. He proposed such a measure during the 1988 presidential campaign and unsuccessfully co-sponsored one while a congressman in the late 1960s. As president, he has said often that he favored such an amendment, but until yesterday he made no public call for action. His view of the issue as expressed in 1988 was that students should not be forced to pray but should have the right to "a momentary reflection, meditation or prayer." TM TM LEXIS:NEXIS® LEXIS-NEXIS® LEXIS-NEXIS® Services of Mead Data Central, Inc. Recyclable PAGE 3 The Washington Times, June 7, 1991 In his speech yesterday Mr. Bush cited the case of fifth-grader Monette Rethford of Norman, Okla. School officials barred her from meeting with friends at recess to read the Bible. "The day a child's quiet prayer group during recess becomes an unlawful assembly, something's really wrong," he said. School prayer has been a major goal of religious and social conservatives, including many Southern Baptists, since the early 1980s. But many of them have said the problem was solved by the Equal Access Act of 1984, which allows Bible and prayer clubs to meet at schools after hours like other clubs. The law, upheld by the Supreme Court, does not cover elementary schools. The Southern Baptist Convention's social issues wing, the Christian Life Commission, says "prayer at commencements and voluntary private prayer in public schools is not wrong," said its spokesman, the Rev. Louis Moore. Church members are "divided on the issue," he said, and the last resolution supporting voluntary school prayer was in 1981. Mr. Bush spoke to the Southern Baptist Convention in a year when conservative forces have consolidated control of its leadership, finances and educational arms. Last year he canceled plans to address the convention because of Baptist leaders' hostile reaction when homosexual leaders were invited to a bill-signing at the White House. "As I see it, he's reaching an understanding with evangelicals in America," said the Rev. Russ Lievers of Horse Cave, Ky., before the president's speech. America's white evangelicals have made up a key voting bloc in national elections since Jimmy Carter's election in 1976. Mr. Bush also touted a social agenda dear to conservative Baptists' hearts yesterday. He said American parents should have a choice in both child care and schools. Under the nation's new child care law, vouchers are being made available for church-based child care, he noted. In conversation with reporters on Air Force One returning to Washington, Mr Bush was asked if he was embarrassed by his tearful confession about weeping at Camp David. "No," he replied. "I do that in church. I'm not embarrassed." Then he added: "Maybe in public it's kind of a first, or maybe a third, but no, I feel very emotionally about the war and about having to send other people's sons and daughters halfway across the world and commit our troops to battle. So I was trying to speak to them from the heart. "Maybe I'm not too proud of myself, but I felt strongly. I'll never forget that day. I knew what was over the horizon in terms of our air war, and I sat there with the tears coming down my face, and that's the way it was. So why not say it?" Looking ahead to the memorial service tomorrow morning at Arlington National Cemetery, Mr. Bush said: "I hope it doesn't get too emotional at the service TM TM LEXIS·NEXIS® LEXIS-NEXIS® LEXIS-NEXIS® Services of Mead Data Central, Inc. Recyclable PAGE 4 The Washington Times, June 7, 1991 in Arlington. I still feel it. I feel very strongly about those kids that gave their lives for this country. So, if I show some emotion, that's just the way I am # * Frank J. Murray contributed to this story in Washington. GRAPHIC: Photo, President Bush replaces glasses after wiping away tears yesterday., By Reuters TM TM TM LEXIS:NEXIS® LEXIS-NEXIS® LEXIS·NEXIS® Services of Mead Data Central, Inc. Recyclable June 6 / Administration of George Bush, 1991 Remarks at the Annual Southern Baptist Convention in Atlanta, Georgia flower of faith can bloom anywhere-that no matter how hard the journey, no matter In this Bicen June 6, 1991 provides. how or humble a surroundings, God's love Rights, we wou flect on religior Thank you all very, very much. Thank all During the Gulf crisis, Barbara and I, and our society's roo of you. And Dr. Chapman, Morris, a fellow Texan, pride of Wichita Falls and the rest of much of this nation-I think, in this in- fathers thought the country. And Dr. Bennett, I salute you, stance, most of this nation-found guidance role of religion sir. You came down today with one who's and comfort in prayer. And throughout the ety. And it's no the freedoms serving well our principles overseas, and struggle, your prayers sustained us. And so, Amendment-fr that is a son of Atlanta, Paul Coverdell, Di- I want to thank you all and ask that you rector of the Peace Corps, who's with us- keep-as Morris generously said-those in press, of assemb the freedom of one of Georgia's favorite sons. I salute him. the decision-making process, keep us in story of a little The last time-and we were talking about your prayers. ford, out in Nor this on the long way up the stairs over here; You know, I've confessed this to Dr. ting national att this is a tremendous auditorium-the last Chapman and a few others-leaders in the A fifth-grade time I attended a Southern Baptist Conven- Southern Baptist movement-and for me, school, Monette tion was in 1982. Too long ago. But never prayer has always been important, but quite under a shade t so long that I'd lose touch with the rock- personal. You know us Episcopalians. ers involved, no solid values of this community-qualities [Laughter] And like a lot of people, I've tivities-just Mc that make it uniquely American. Strong but worried a little bit about shedding tears in to time, a handf compassionate, proud but not boastful, public or the emotion of it. But as Barbara voluntarily, to S decent and giving-and as Morris said, be- and I prayed at Camp David before the air how it touched lieving strongly in family, bearing an endur- war began, we were thinking about Yet school off ing belief in freedom, an abiding faith in young men and women overseas. And the love of God and, yes, in the power of prayer group W the tears start down the cheeks, and ty-an "unlawf prayer. minister smiled back. And I no longer wor- that the First Everywhere you turn, it seems, American ried how it looked to others. Here we go values are ascendant around the world. protect people [Applause] by the State-n Look at Eastern Europe and the Soviet And I think that, like a lot of others who Union: there, places of worship long stood voluntary religio had positions or responsibility in sending someone else's kid to war, we realize that in Potus I would add silent and subdued, forced underground by the iron fist of the state. But now, the prayer what mattered is how it might have starts quiet, voluntary comes an "unla churches, the synagogues and the mosques seemed to God. buzz with life: reclaimed by the people, joy- Above all, after all the months of praying choking wrong. fully emerging to proclaim their faith anew. In that spirit In Africa and Asia and Latin America, and asking for God's guidance-I thought it up United States C important to thank God for sustaining our tional Amendm your ministries flourish and spread the word of God around the world. nation through this crisis. And that led to 3 National Days of Thanksgiving and Prayer, here prayer back int see, let's put pe And even in the heat of the Persian Gulf, which I really believed strengthened our the freedom to f nearly 200 Southern Baptist chaplains re- wonderful nation. ported that well over 1,000 conversions Putting peopl among the service men and women of Op- You know, for too long, too many have sure governmer worried that we Americans have weakened their own decisi eration Desert Storm had taken place-and the two fundamental pillars supporting our parents and fam some solemnified with poncho-lined holes in the sand serving as makeshift baptistries. society-our families, and our faith. kind of child ca But while the cynics may sense some kids. Choice in C Southern Baptists have been doing quiet but crucial work-engaging in countless kind of "religious resurgence" over the last Just today we acts of kindness and compassion, spreading 2 or 3 years, they've always been a lagging that will provide the word of God, demonstrating the pro- indicator of American life. Most of us have care. And finall found power of religious freedom. never had to get our faith in God back, have the chance And you've held to faith where others because we never lost it. In a recent survey, get child care- may have lost it-gained in numbers where 40 percent of Americans named "Faith in and with religio others haven't-and made a difference God" the most important part of their lives. way over here t where others couldn't. You prove that the Only 2 percent selected, "A job that pays ta, I visited a well." center where care-regardless 726 Administration of George Bush, 1991 / June 6 1 anywhere that In this Bicentennial year of the Bill of background, or income. We fought a long Rights, we would do well to pause and re- burney, no matter time to preserve choice for parents. And adings, God's love flect on religion's roots in our society, and today, it truly becomes a reality-at least in our society's roots in religion. The founding child care. fathers thought long and carefully about the Barbara and I, and We want to extend the concept of choice think, in this in- role of religion and government in our soci- to include schools. Every family should ety. And it's no accident that among all of -found guidance have the freedom to choose a school for a d throughout the the freedoms guaranteed by the First child. Our efforts for choice in schools seek Amendment-freedoms of speech, of the tained us. And so, to put power in parents' hands. We trust press, of assembly, of petition-the first was and ask that you them to make the right decisions for their the freedom of religion. And that's why the sly said-those in kids. And some argue that choice will make story of a little girl named Monette Reth- cess, keep us in bad schools worse. Our new Secretary of ford, out in Norman, Oklahoma, is now get- Education doesn't agree with that, and I ting national attention. ssed this to Dr. don't agree with that. I am confident that A fifth-grader in public elementary rs-leaders in the choice will make even the bad schools school, Monette liked to read her Bible ent-and for me, under a shade tree during recess. No teach- better. They'll have to compete. portant, but quite ers involved, no disruption of the school ac- And something more-one of our national IS Episcopalians. tivities-just Monette and then, from time education goals-we believe that kids it of people, I've to time, a handful of friends who joined her, should be safe to walk the streets-any shedding tears in voluntarily, to share their faith and discuss streets. Schools should also be free from the it. But as Barbara how it touched their daily lives. fear of crime and the despair of drugs. And vid before the air Yet school officials told Monette that her if you detect a note of frustration in what iking about th prayer group was illegal on school proper- I'm about to say, you're a good psychiatrist, verseas. And ty-an "unlawful assembly." They forgot because it's true. cheeks, and that the First Amendment was written to Back on March 6th, I challenged the Con- 1 I no longer wor- protect people against religious intrusions gress of the United States to pass a tough hers. Here we go. by the State-not to protect the State from crime bill in 100 days-to keep our streets voluntary religious activities by the people. safe. And yet, the leadership has failed to lot of others who I would add this: that the day a child's make crime a priority issue. We submitted ibility in sending quiet, voluntary group during recess be- our first crime bill more than 2 years ago- we realize that in comes an "unlawful assembly," something's and nothing has happened. Surely the how it might have wrong. United States Congress can pass a crime bill In that spirit, once again I call on the in what's left of that 100 days. months of praying United States Congress to pass a Constitu- There's another issue before the Con- ince-I thought it tional Amendment permitting voluntary gress-that's the question of human life, the for sustaining our prayer back into our nation's schools. You question of abortion-a difficult and a And that led to 3 see, let's put people first-and allow them deeply emotional decision for all Americans. tiving and Prayer, the freedom to follow their faith. The question-and we've faced it before-is strengthened our Putting people first also means making whether the American taxpayer should pay sure government allows people to make for abortions. And honest people of good- J, too many have their own decisions-and that means giving will, I'm sure, differ on this question, but I as have weakened parents and families the right to choose the firmly oppose Federal funding of abortions, rs supporting our kind of child care that they want for their except where the life of the mother is en- our faith. kids. Choice in child care. dangered. Since 1981 the Federal Govern- may sense some Just today we are publishing regulations ment has determined that taxpayer funds nce" over the last that will provide the first vouchers for child should be used for abortion only in this ys been a lagging care. And finally, low-income parents will most narrow of circumstances. Most of us have have the chance to choose where their kids And whatever we've learned over the last ith in God back, get child care-including religious settings few decades, it's clear that America is a n a recent survey, and with religious instruction. Just on my nation that no longer lacks a moral vocabu- named "Faith in way over here this morning, here in Atlan- lary. Ideals like decency and virtue are no part of their lives. ta, I visited a church-based child care longer subject to scorn. "A job that pays center where children receive first-class And I'd ask that you hold fast to the care-regardless of their parents' religion, Southern Baptist ideal of "a free church in a 727 June 6 / Administration of George Bush, 1991 free State." Hold fast to protect-and, Gilawish arrived in America Tuesday Morris, once again, in his generous intro- or who's night-where years of sorrow were washed duction, spoke of this-to protect all faiths away with tears of joy. meeting a in freedom, and hold fast to protect our is on the $ What a testament to the power of faith most essential unit of life-the family. Q. What and hope and love-all of which God pro- As I look at our social agenda, and as The Pre vides in abundance. In war and peace, as Barbara and I talk about it and worry about technical I've mentioned above, faith provides our it in the wonderful setting of the White greatest solace, our shield and our shelter. I under- House, we keep saying: "What can we do?" stand what Lincoln talked about when he counting. Privileged as we are to serve this great that are hi. said many times he went to his knees as country, what can we do to strengthen President of the United States. And as the important, family life in America? It is essential to our some rema Psalmist wrote, "God is our refuge and well-being. work has strength, a very present help in trouble." Let me close with a story-well, let me We're goin God's light leads us forward. And today, as just make a couple of other remarks. Q. Will S always, let us pray for His continued guid- [Laughter] Not many. I mentioned family, date for the ance and His grace. so let's ask ourselves in child care and edu- row, do you Thank all of you for your commitment, cation and crime legislation: Are we doing The Pres. all we can to preserve faith and family? your leadership, your love, and your pray- what we de ers. And may God continue to bless this And, if not, we've got to do more. Only ideas are T when we protect and preserve our most land with freedom and peace. and on wh cherished ideals and institutions, does gov- Thank you all very, very much. mean, it's a ernment by the people serve the people. sides are de We are, as ever, "One nation under Note: The President spoke at 11:44 a.m. in point. And God." No nation better reconciles diversity the Georgia World Congress Center. In his summit, ano of faith with unity of purpose. And as new remarks, he referred to Morris Chapman and Harold C. Bennett, president and exec- get a strateg challenges confront us we must draw on given at this that strength and work to build a nation utive president of the Southern Baptist Con- the case nec united in its commitment to decency and vention; and Secretary of Education Lamar that. I mean, opportunity, to freedom, to family, and to Alexander. Prior to attending the concen- then we'd lik faith. tion, the President toured the Child Devel- Now to this story about a Kurdish opment Center at Central in Atlanta. Civil Rights family-Mikail and Safiya Dosky-who es- Q. What C. caped from Iraq over a decade ago. During forth's prop their perilous journey across the Iranian rights? border, they became separated from their The Presid Exchange With Reporters 2-year-old daughter, Gilawish. Mikail and and our peop his wife made it; the child left behind. June 6, 1991 them. What Their daughter did not make it out. where along 1 After settling in America, Mikail, the Soviet-U.S. Relations a look at our I father, kept trying to get his daughter out The President. -a couple of experts to it is strong ir of Iraq, even traveling there himself, but to crimination in answer your questions. no avail. And just a few weeks ago, the dad, Q. What's going on in Geneva tomorrow? quota problen Mikail, got a phone call from an American The President. Well, I assume they'll be Congress. I'd helicopter pilot in Turkey-one of our talking about a possible summit meeting. As our legislation heroes. This pilot had been flying supplies we've said before, we want to move START "theirs" legisla to save the lives of these Kurdish refugees further along. So, they'll be talking sub- ly for 2 years when he got a note from Gilawish-now, stance. I am going to having a meeting And I think a this child, now 18 years old-asking him to with-back this afternoon-a rather impor- agree with me, call her parents in America. He did-and tant meeting. That will help Secretary keep saying I Mikail's friends at the First Baptist Church Baker-if I can get a hold of him. will bar discri in Alexandria, Virginia, helped him get to Q. Who will be at that meeting this after- and I think We Turkey and bring his daugher back. And noon? lieve any of you after thousands of miles, thousands of days, The President. It's an NSC meeting. sis of our bill. and thousands of dollars, Mikail and don't know exactly what-the participants always playing of music. 728 August 12, 1992 MEMORANDUM FOR CURT SMITH FROM: MICHELE NIX SUBJECT: PRAYER BREAKFAST The Ecumenical Prayer Breakfast is scheduled for next Thursday, POTUS arrival at 8:00 a.m. Expected audience: 10,000 people -- delegates, community leaders, other registered GOPers. The event is being held at Hofheinz Pavilion at the University of Texas Campus. (Hofheinz is where the Houston Cougars basketball team plays.) POTUS first will attend a private reception 50 people. With an off-stage announce, he'll go up on stage and the program will begin. Ken Lay, the host chairman, will call everyone to order. Judge Jon Lindsay will lead everyone in the Pledge of Allegiance. Susan Baker will do the invocation. Mayor Bob Lanier will do a welcome speech. Scripture reading by Harold Wiesenthal (owns "Harold's," clothing stores in Houston Adult choir enters singing "America" International Children's Choir sings "I Have Returned" Scripture reading by Judge Al Green VP makes remarks (introduced by Ninfa Lorenzo -- popular owner of Mexican restaurant chain, "Ninfa's") Adult choir sings "Amazing Grace" Solo by choir member of "I Bowed on my Knees" POTUS remarks (introduced by Mary Lou Retton; Advance is slating 15 minutes for his remarks) Choirs (probably both) will sing "Battle Hymn of the Republic" Bob Springer, astronaut, gives closing remarks The VP, Mrs. Quayle and FLOTUS will are all slated to attend. I've included: : Copy of the invitation sent out by the Host Committee Several past prayer breakfast remarks, including two from Reagan. Your speech for the National Religious Broadcasters Recent Knights of Columbus remarks -- our most recent moral/family values language Here's some quotes, anecdotal material that might be useful. A little boy's account of the Bible story about David and Goliath (from Kids Say the Darndest Things) : "David went to the brook and got seven pebbles, and he put one in his slingshot. Then you know what? He whirled it around and around his head and threw it and hit this great big giant right between the eyes -- and the giant fell down dead!" When asked what that story teaches us, the little boy sat and thought for a moment, and then said, "Duck!" (Could be good, subtle segue for POTUS mention of impending campaign fight) (Also from Kids Say the Darndest Things) : Seven-year-old Sally had her own ideas about what heaven was like. She gave the following very succinct definition: "It's a great big round gold dome with three lines of people waiting to get in -- Catholics, Lutherans and Americans." Excerpts from children's letters to POTUS: Dear President Bush, " I hear you are a Christian. I am a Christian, too. I just wanted to tell you I am praying for you. God is in charge. " (from a little girl, Joy Vaughn) " I am praying for you and my 3rd grade class is too. I want to be President when I grow up. I hope the next President is just like you. " (JOKE: "I hope he's just like me, too, Leslie. As a matter of fact, I hope he is me!") (from little girl, Leslie Jean Wickham) " All of us have been praying for you ... We are very blessed that you help us in the world ... God can be with you on your decisions. All you have to do is just ask him to help you in your life. I bet God is really pleased with you. " (from 9-year-old Lisa) " I show full enthusiasm for your campaign. I know I am not a voter but I try to spread support among the older population As a fellow Christian I wish you the best. I'll be praying for you, Mr. President." (from 11-year-old Jonathan Large) " I think that you're a pretty neat president because you're a Christian, that's what I heard and I hope that's true. " (from 11-year-old Sarah Bale) " I am writing to you because me and my family are studying about American presidents this week during my summer vacation and I asked my mom if I could write to you I pray for you every night at bed. God bless you and your family. " (from 7-year-old David Majewski) " I hope you win the election by a landslide or whatever I think your wife is intelligent because she sounds like she cares about the community. P.S. Please don't raise the taxes. We'll pray for you. " (from 9-year- old Elena Hutcheson) POTUS, excerpt from Looking Forward: "Religious teaching was also part of our home life. Each morning, as we gathered at the breakfast table, Mother or Dad read a Bible lesson to us." Woodrow Wilson: "When you have read the Bible, you will know it is the word of God, because you will have found it the key to your own heart, your own happiness, and your own duty." " "The sum of the whole matter is this, that our civilization cannot survive materially unless it is redeemed spiritually." Eisenhower: "Without God there could be no American form of government, nor an American way of life Thus the founding fathers of America saw it, and thus, with God's help, it will continue to be. Re new world order, "Religion nurtures men of faith, men of hope, men of love; such men are needed in the building of a new world reflecting the glory of God.' " "We know that the Lord will give strength to all of us as we strive tirelessly, confidently, for peace." "The more vigorous our religious institutions, the greater possibility that the voice of morality will be heard in widening areas of public life and in the consideration of national and international problems." "Thy word is a lamp unto my feet, and a light unto my path.' " (from the Old Testament: Psalms, 69:105) "The world in which we live is geographically one. The challenge that we face today is to make it one in terms of brotherhood " (from Martin Luther King, Jr.) Re President's fondness for criticizing Dems as gloom and doomsayers: "Skepticism has not founded empires, established principles, or changed the world's heart. The great doers of history have always been men of faith." (Edwin Hubbell Chapin) "God often visits us, but most of the time we are not at home. " (Joseph Roux) 178 Jan. 29 / Administration of George Bush, 1992 Administration of G Congress. I ask for your continued support know him and consider him a friend, as I on all the challeng in this critical endeavor. do. May I salute our other guests from over- pray that we W. seas. And though sometimes you might feel hat this great land George Bush like it, we don't consider you overseas, those will reverse any thr The White House, who serve in the State legislatures, and we're that we will dedica January 29, 1992. glad you all are here. [Laughter] of service, being wh Four principles, four ideas really, inspire to someone else, SOI America. And I think they're all here this And in this work, morning reflected in one way or another: ration. We need le Appointment of Daniel B. McGroarty Freedom, family, and faith, that Dan Quayle handful of men who as Special Assistant to the President talked about, and to that I would add fellow- courage, their strer and Deputy Director of ship. So many people brought together by faith-last of whom Speechwriting a shared spirit, the simple joy of praying to I'm talking about ou January 29, 1992 God. izing conditions, as Slava, that was a tremendously moving they prayed togethe The President today announced the ap- story and one of the most dramatic moments the "church of t pointment of Daniel B. McGroarty as Special in recent history. And if sound-you referred unwove floor mats Assistant to the President and Deputy Direc- to sound-if sound has anything to do with These men, who E tor of Speechwriting. entry into heaven, I believe you can choose of Job, treasured tl Mr. McGroarty has served as speechwriter the fluffiest, most generous cloud in the fir- When Terry Ander to the President since 1989 and Deputy Di- mament up there when you get there. the first things he ( rector of Speechwriting since 1991. Prior to [Laughter] And thank you for your inspiring across the world W coming to the White House, he held the posi- message. set free. "Your F tions of senior speechwriter to Secretary of But I think you reminded us all of the pow- ference," said this I Defense Frank C. Carlucci III, speechwriter erful role that prayer has played in the un- rediscovered the to Secretary of Defense Caspar W. Wein- precedented events of the past year. Since men free. berger, and editorial writer at the Voice of we last met, nations have been reshaped, and There's another America. the lives have been restored throughout the that tells of the trar Mr. McGroarty graduated from Kenyon land and throughout the entire world. And it's a story familiar College (B.A., 1979) and is currently a Ph.D. the force that unites them, as we've heard personal to Barba candidate at Boston College. He was born here today from the Vice President to Gen- in this room. We August 23, 1957, in Cleveland, OH. He re- eral Powell, is faith in God. The link they March, Lee Atwat sides with his wife and two children in An- share is prayer. en, fun-loving good nandale, VA. And when I last stood here, as Colin re- lina who rode life minded us, we were at war. Compelled by could. But he als a deep need for God's wisdom, we began because his illne to pray. And we prayed for God's protection something he'd pu Remarks at the National Prayer in what we undertook, for God's love to fill in his last month Breakfast hearts, and for God's peace to be the moral come to grips wi January 30, 1992 North Star that guided us. Abraham Lincoln reading the Bible said, and we remember it, everyone in this learned that, as he Thank you, Senator Heflin, for such a love- room would remember it, "I've been driven in society was wha. ly introduction. To Dan and Marilyn, the many times to my knees by the overwhelm- heart and a lot of Vice and Mrs. Quayle; to the members of ing conviction that I have nowhere else to He was so righ my Cabinet here; to the Members of Con- go." And in his example, we came together only in the life O. gress, all, so many here in faith; to General for a special National Day of Prayer. And in the life of our Powell; especially to our host Ted Stevens; Americans of every creed turned to our one Nation under to our dear friend Billy Graham; and to all greatest power to bring us peace, "peace May God bless gathered. which passeth all understanding." And at the For those of you Let me first just say a special greeting to end of the war, we prayed as one during our seas, for those of Prime Minister Ratu Mara of Fiji. This is not National Days of Thanksgiving. for those of you his first time here; I'm sure it won't be his Let us pray that as a people we will con- Capital, thank yo last. But he's an inspiration to all of us that tinue to bring the power of prayer to bear celebration of fait George Bush, 1992 Administration of George Bush, 1992 / Jan. 30 179 him a friend, as I on all the challenges we confront. And let Thank you very much. guests from over- IS pray that we will strengthen the values es you might feel hat this great land was founded on, that we Note: The President spoke at 9:10 a.m. at ou overseas, those will reverse any threat of moral decline, and the Washington Hilton Hotel. In his remarks, slatures, and we're that we will dedicate ourselves to the ethic he referred to Senator Ted Stevens; evangelist ghter] of service, being what I call a Point of Light Billy Graham; Prime Minister Kamisese leas really, inspire to someone else, someone in need. Mara of Fiji; and National Symphony Or- ey're all here this And in this work, we are not without inspi- chestra director Mstislav Rostropovich. way or another: ration. We need look no further than the 1, that Dan Quayle handful of men who became heroes by their would add fellow- courage, their strength, and above all their ought together by faith-last of whom returned in December. Remarks to the Greater Philadelphia joy of praying to I'm talking about our hostages. And in brutal- Chamber of Commerce izing conditions, as we've heard this morning, January 30, 1992 nendously moving they prayed together daily in what they called dramatic moments the "church of the locked door." They Thank you all very, very much for that wel- und-you referred unwove floor mats in order to make rosaries. come back. Please be seated, and thank you. nything to do with These men, who every day lived the story Please be seated. I don't want to keep Boris ve you can choose of Job, treasured their first book, the Bible. Yeltsin waiting later on. [Laughter] Thank IS cloud in the fir- When Terry Anderson was released, one of you, Joe. Senator Specter and Joan, laboring 1 you get there. the first things he did was to thank strangers in the vineyards of the city council here, for your inspiring across the world who had prayed that he be we're delighted to be with you. And coming set free. "Your prayers made a big dif- up with us from Washington were two of our d us all of the pow- ference," said this man who, imprisoned, had great Congressmen from this area, Larry played in the un- rediscovered the faith that sets and keeps Coughlin and Kurt Weldon, over here. e past year. Since men free. And may I, too, salute the mayor. I asked en reshaped, and There's another story from last year's news Joe earlier on how was it going, realizing that, ed throughout the that tells of the transformation of faith. While as in Washington, things have been tough, entire world. And it's a story familiar to all of you, it's intensely and across the country in many ways. But n, as we've heard personal to Barbara and me and to others I said, knowing a little bit about history in President to Gen- in this room. We lost a dear friend last Philadelphia, I asked this question, "How's od. The link they March, Lee Atwater, a restless, fiercely driv- the mayor doing?" And Joe and everybody en, fun-loving good ol' boy from South Caro- else I've spoken to has said he's really hit here, as Colin re- lina who rode life as hard and fast as he the ground in a wonderful way, going for- ar. Compelled by could. But he also lived a kind of miracle ward, bringing out the best in this city. So, visdom, we began because his illness reintroduced him to I want to salute Ed Rendell and his wife, r God's protection something he'd put aside, his own faith. And Midge. r God's love to fill in his last months, he worked intensely to Joe Paquette, who introduced me, is the ce to be the moral come to grips with his faith. And through chairman of the Greater Philadelphia Cham- Abraham Lincoln reading the Bible and through prayer, he ber. That was a very enthusiastic presentation t, everyone in this learned that, as he put it, "What was missing he made about how things were going, so "I've been driven in society was what was missing in me, a little much so that maybe he can make a little loan by the overwhelm- heart and a lot of brotherhood." to those of us in Washington, DC, who can- nowhere else to He was so right. Prayer has a place not not have quite that optimistic a report. we came together only in the life of every American but also [Laughter] But I like that can-do spirit of ay of Prayer. And in the life of our Nation, for we are truly this chamber, and I'm grateful to Charlie, to ed turned to our one Nation under God. Charlie Pizzi, and to Joe and all the rest of peace, "peace May God bless this very special gathering. you that have put together this opportunity nding." And at the For those of you who have come from over- for me, all of you at the chamber. as one during our seas, for those of you from across our land, And so, thank you very much. I am happy ving. for those of you right here in the Nation's to be here in Philadelphia. As you can imag- eople we will con- Capital, thank you for participating in this ine, these last few weeks in Washington have of prayer to bear celebration of faith. been pretty high pressure, high pressure time Jan. 30 / Administration of George Bush, 1991 Appointment of Edward O. Vetter as a clerk for the U.S. Court of Appeals for the This is a divers Member of the Competitiveness Policy District of Columbia Circuit, 1982-1983: anything quite li Council a staff assistant in the Office of the thing else. But и January 30, 1991 Attorney General in the Criminal common: We stan at the Justice Department, 1978-1979; and me just share a I The President today announced his inten- as a research assistant for the Council on ceived here from tion to appoint Edward O. Vetter, of Texas, Wage and Price Stability in the Executive story about her to be a member of the Competitiveness Office of the President, 1975-1976. prayers. As he kr Policy Council for a term of 2 years. This is Mr. Zoellick graduated from Swarthmore was kneeling in p a new position. College (B.A., 1975), Harvard University's plained that they Since 1978 Mr. Vetter has served as presi- Kennedy School of Government (M.P.P., gether for Preside dent of Edward O. Vetter and Associates, have the wisdom 1981), and Harvard Law School (J.D., 1981). and serves as a director of the Texas De- He was born July 25, 1953, in Evergreen Iraq. And after a partment of Commerce in Dallas, TX. In Park, IL. Mr. Zoellick is married and resides the little boy saic addition, Mr. Vetter served as Under Secre- in Washington, DC. going to get the p tary of Commerce at the Department of how did they get Commerce in Washington, DC, 1976-1977. Well, the mother Mr. Vetter graduated from the Massachu- letter, said that i setts Institute of Technology (B.S., 1942). Lord knew what He was born October 20, 1920, in Roches- Remarks at the National Prayer because he sure di ter, NY. Mr. Vetter served in the U.S. Breakfast know, the hostag Army, 1942-1946. Mr. Vetter is married, [Laughter] January 31, 1991 has three children, and resides in Dallas, So, I believe the TX. Thank you very much for that warm wel- ers. Joe put it very come. And let me just greet our-Prime our country is pray this nation the ch Minister Henry here and Prime Minister the mosques are Ratu Mara and President Gonez over here ance at services. Ir Nomination of Robert B. Zoellick To and all the other visitors from overseas. egan, Dr. Grah Be an Under Secretary of State And I want to pay my special respects House. And he sp the members of the Senate and House January 30, 1991 portance of turnin Prayer Group. I would also like to single out faith, turning to Hi The President today announced his inten- Doug Coe, who has been such a guiding next morning, Dr. tion to nominate Robert B. Zoellick, of the light in all of this. And, of course, our spe- Fort Myer where District of Columbia, to be Under Secretary cial thanks to Joe Gibbs and to Governor leading our nation of State for Economic and Agricultural Af- Buddy Roemer for sharing in such a person- service there, with fairs. He would succeed Richard Thomas al way their faith. troops overseas. McCormack. Mr. Zoellick will continue to My heartfelt thanks goes out to everyone So, I expect wh serve as Counselor of the Department of involved in this marvelous event. Dr. there at that praye State in Washington, DC. Graham was reminding Barbara and me doing what ever Since 1989 Mr. Zoellick has served as when we came over here of its genesis and doing-praying for Counselor of the Department of State in how President Eisenhower, he felt, seemed You know, Ame Washington, DC. Prior to this Mr. Zoellick very nervous about whether this would be under God. And fr served on the State Department transition, the right thing to do and whether it would we have relied upo 1988-1989. Mr. Zoellick also has served in be a fulfilling experience for the people ance in war and in several capacities at the Department of the that attended. And I expect Ike would-if thing we must ne Treasury in Washington, DC: Counselor to he could have attended this one-would day-you're going t the Secretary of the Treasury and Execu- have had no doubts whatsoever. read the mail-[la tive Secretary, 1988; Executive Secretary I want to thank everyone for their con- day I got a letter fi and Special Adviser to the Secretary, 1986- cern and prayers about Barbara's recent ac- out to me that d 1987; Acting Deputy Assistant Secretary cident. In these days of environmental ter- Union Message th and Deputy Assistant Secretary for Finan- rorism-[laughter]-[ can happily report make any mention cial Institutions Policy, 1985-1986; and Spe- that the tree is very well and so is Barba- what defensive ab cial Assistant to the Deputy Secretary, 1985. Bush, doing very well, I might say. vent back and I C In addition, Mr. Zoellick has served as a law say that with considerable pride. may God bless Ar 100 Administration of George Bush, 1991 / Jan. 31 t of Appeals for the This is a diverse group. I've never seen realizing that this man was correct. I have rcuit, 1982-1222 anything quite like it-politically or any- learned what I suppose every President has ffice of the thing else. But we do have one thing in learned, and that is that one cannot be e Criminal common: We stand together in prayer. Let President of our country without faith in ent, 1978-1979; and me just share a letter-a true letter I re- God-and without knowing with certainty for the Council on ceived here from a mother who told me a that we are one nation under God. So, I ty in the Executive story about her 5-year-old son's evening think I should have made that clear-more 1975-1976. prayers. As he knelt by his bed-this kid clear that God is our rock and salvation, and d from Swarthmore was kneeling in prayer, and his parents ex- we must trust Him and keep faith in Him. Harvard University's plained that they were going to pray to- And so, we ask His blessings upon us and gether for President Bush so that he would overnment (M.P.P., upon every member, not just of our Armed V School (J.D., 1981). have the wisdom to get the hostages out of Forces but of our coalition armed forces, Iraq. And after a minute of deep thinking, 1953, in Evergreen with respect for the religious diversity that the little boy said, "Mom, how is a bush married and resides is represented as these 28 countries stand going to get the people out of the rock, and up against aggression. how did they get there in the first place?" Well, the mother, in her wrap-up of the Today I'm asking and designating that letter, said that it was a good thing the Sunday, February 3d, be a national day of Lord knew what the boy was praying for, prayer. And I encourage all people of faith nal Prayer because he sure didn't. [Laughter] But, you to say a special prayer on that day-a know, the hostages came out of Iraq. prayer for peace, a prayer for the safety of [Laughter] our troops, a prayer for their families, a So, I believe the Lord does hear our pray- prayer for the innocents caught up in this 1 for that warm wel- ers. Joe put it very beautifully here. I know war, and a prayer that God will continue to bless the United States of America. our country is praying for peace. And across st greet our-Prime and Prime Minister this nation the churches, the synagogues, the mosques are packed—record attend- Note: The President spoke at 9:50 a.m. in nt Goncz over here ance at services. In fact, the night the war the International Ballroom at the Washing- S from overseas. egan, Dr. Graham was at the White ton Hilton Hotel. In his opening remarks, y special respects House. And he spoke to us then of the im- he referred to Prime Minister Geoffrey Senate and House portance of turning to God as a people of Henry of the Cook Islands; Prime Minister also like to single out faith, turning to Him in hope. And then the Ratu Mara of Fiji; President Arpad Goncz een such a guiding next morning, Dr. Graham went over to of Hungary; Douglas Coe, event coordinator of course, our spe- Fort Myer where we had a lovely service of the National Prayer Breakfast; Joe Gibbs, bs and to Governor leading our nation in a beautiful prayer coach of the Washington Redskins football ing in such a person- service there, with special emphasis on the team; Gov. Buddy Roemer of Louisiana; troops overseas. and evangelist Dr. Billy Graham. goes out to everyone So, I expect when Barbara and I were rvelous event. Dr. there at that prayer service, we were only g Barbara and me doing what everyone in America was re of its genesis and doing-praying for peace. Remarks at a White House Briefing on wer, he felt, seemed You know, America is a nation founded the National Drug Control Strategy ether this would be under God. And from our very beginnings nd whether it would January 31, 1991 we have relied upon His strength and guid- nce for the people ance in war and in peace. And this is some- Thank you all very much. Please be xpect Ike would-if thing we must never forget. Just yester- seated. I wanted to come over here first to ed this one-would day-you're going to think I do nothing but thank many people in this room, so many of atsoever. read the mail-[laughter]-but just yester- you having in one way or another-directly, ryone for their con- day I got a letter from a man who pointed some indirectly-helping us formulate and Barbara's recent ac- out to me that during the State of the now put into effect the National Drug Con- f environmental ter- Union Message that I had neglected to trol Strategy. I know that many of you have can happily report make any mention of God-and I was some- been instrumental in the development and ell and so is Barba what defensive about that, SO I quickly the implementation of it. And I really am I might say. ent back and I did see at the very end very, very grateful to each and every one of ole pride. may God bless America." But then I got you. 101 Administration of George Bush, 1990 / Feb. 1 S; and even the White House Fact Sheet on the President's Conventional Armed -and God bless n addicted to Forces in Europe Initiative J with problems January 31, 1990 But you know, nd the future, After initial discussions with NATO allies, after CFE reductions are completed. The of dreams, ready the President concluded that changes proposal responds to rapid changes in East- special, because which have taken place in Europe over the ern Europe and is designed to help propel reedom. And to last 3 months have made it possible to pro- the CFE negotiations to an early conclusion orld I've been pose lower levels in the area of greatest in 1990. concentration of forces: Central and East- The President's initiative would super- g to ask some- ern Europe. However, the United States sede an earlier proposal establishing a level ow, let me start will maintain significant military forces in of 275,000 each of U.S. and Soviet ground e grandparents Europe as long as our allies desire our pres- and air force manpower stationed outside of ing link to the ence as part of a common security effort. their respective national territories in the en the story of Therefore, in his State of the Union Ad- Atlantic to the Urals region. ] abroad, of sac- dress to Congress on January 31, President The President has concluded that this tom's sake. And Bush proposed to revise NATO's current proposal reflects the minimum level of U.S. S well, because position in the Conventional Armed Forces 0 tell. forces needed in Europe to protect Ameri- in Europe (CFE) negotiations to lower sub- en look to you can interests and to sustain NATO's strategy stantially the levels of U.S. and Soviet Tell them of of forward defense and flexible response. ground and air force manpower in Central Even if-as we expect-Soviet forces in this n we are one hem that of all and Eastern Europe to 195,000 on each region are reduced even further, the side. Forces withdrawn will be demobilized. United States does not envision the further ceive liberty is and of all the There would be approximately 225,000 U.S. reduction of its forces in Europe below this ground and air force personnel in Europe new level. atest is helping young people rests our hope, n the years and Remarks at the Annual National Prayer Breakfast ision on a new February 1, 1990 n dreams we hat is yours and Thank you, ladies and gentlemen. Thank Billy Graham. [Laughter] A lot of Presi- icans-all of us you all. Thank you very, very much. Vice dents out here, Senators and Congressmen. er, the symbol- President and Mrs. Quayle, and Chuck He was magnificent. [Laughter] Magnifi- ffirm our alle- Grassley, Sam Nunn, and my dear friend cent music. merica. And let Billy Graham, and Ruth. Jim Baker, that It's often said in my line of work that a e of the Union was a very inspiring testament of faith. I candidate or a proposal hasn't got a prayer. one of us. also want to salute our very special guests Well, I'm pleased to be with an audience may God bless who have traveled far to join us in a prayer about whom that will never be said. ited States of for peace and understanding: President Moi [Laughter] And this breakfast is the result of Kenya; President Ershad of Bangladesh; of years of quiet diplomacy-I wouldn't say Major Buyoya, the marvelous head of Bu- secret diplomacy-quiet diplomacy by an it 9:05 p.m. in rundi; President Cristiani, a longtime ambassador of faith, Doug Coe. And I salute Capitol. He was friend; the Prime Minister Kisekka. And I him. ley, Speaker of just express for all of us a very hearty wel- And I was moved once again by what PS. The address come, and to President Ershad, a happy Sam and Liz told us of Members and staff- wide radio and birthday greeting to go with Bev Shea's. ers on the Hill who like to regularly meet S, the President We're delighted you're here. to share a few quiet moments of prayer and Speaker's Con- And I want to thank Bev Shea and Billy. Bible reading. The values that spring from congressional It'll probably read: prayer breakfast, Bev our faith certainly tell us a lot about our Shea; supporting cast: secretary of state country. And consider that for more than 135 Feb. 1 / Administration of George Bush, 1990 two centuries Americans have endorsed, in jail-a third of his entire life in prison. Remarks OI and properly so, the separation of church And in fact, it was while in prison for op- and state. But we've also shown how both posing the Government that he found God. Legislation religion and government can strengthen a And once released, he risked his freedom February 1, society. After all, our Founding Fathers' by preaching a series of Lenten sermons. documents begin with these words: All men And for that, he was imprisoned again and Well, today are endowed by their Creator with certain tortured beyond belief. And yet Father an important unalienable rights. And Americans are reli- Calciu had faith, and he refused to break. last night in the gious people, but a truly religious nation is a He was sentenced to death. And as he stood the Savings a tolerant nation. We cherish dissent, we in the corner of the prison yard, praying for 1990. And thi cherish the fact that we have many, many his wife and son, awaiting death, it was then crease nation faiths, and we protect even the right to that something remarkable occurred. His disbelieve. two executioners called to him. And surely, capital, creat tional compe A truly religious nation is also a giving he thought, well, this was the end. But in- standard of liv nation. A close friend of mine sent me a stead they said, "Father,"-a that was the There are poem recently which eloquently embodies first time they had called him that-"we have decided not to kill you." And 3 weeks family savings this spirit of giving. "I sought my soul, but my soul I could not see. I sought my God, later, he received permission to celebrate reduction, an but my God eluded me. I sought my broth- the Divine Liturgy. And when he did, he tiative. saw these same two guys-the same two First, the f. er and found all three." Thousands of Americans are finding their guards-approach, and to his astonishment, Americans a: his would-be executioners got on their for their fut soul, finding their God, by reaching out to their brothers and sisters in need. You've knees and joined him in prayer. This is one save more if heard me talk about a Thousand Points of man's story, a humble priest. doing so, the Light across the country. Americans are And today the times are on the side of investment \ working through their places of worship, peace because more and more brave men Second, th through community programs, or on their and women are on the side of God. And so, for long-terr own to help the hungry or the homeless, to that is the end of these few words. That is cost of capit: teach the unskilled, to bring the words of my prayer: that we will continue to recog- long-term in men and the Word of God to those who nize the power of faith. Thank you all, and jobs and m cannot even read. God bless you. And so, I believe that this democracy of ours is once again proving, as it has Note: The President spoke at 9:25 a.m. in throughout our history, that when people the International Ballroom at the Washing- ton Hilton Hotel. In his remarks, he re- Message are free they use that freedom to serve the greater good and, indeed, a higher truth. As ferred to Senators Charles E. Grassley and Economi freedom blossoms in Eastern Europe-and Sam Nunn; Representative Elizabeth J. Pat- February Jim was talking eloquently about that-I am terson; Secretary of State James A. Baker III; convinced that the 1990's will be the evangelist Rev. Billy Graham and his wife, To the Cong decade of the rebirth that he so beautifully Ruth; President Alfredo Cristiani Buckard I am plea spoke about, a rebirth of faith and hope. of El Salvador; Prime Minister Samson Ki- ation and And one example: I met this week Father sekka of Uganda; religious singer George nomic Grow Calciu, a Romanian Orthodox minister. Beverly Shea; and Doug Coe, a participant proposal W Father Calciu had spent 21 of his 64 years in the prayer breakfast. tion in the new family penalty-fre (IRA) with buyers. This pro investment by creating nomic ben A perma 136 Feb. 1 / Administration of George Bush, 1989 with a commitment to lasting harmony be- Month 1989, and in sending you our best Lord works in tween the races and a bright future for wishes. nothing mysterio orities. I'm the C Americans of every background. GEORGE BUSH Barbara joins me in commending all of Sandy Patti is th with that magn you for your observance of Black History finest crystal. И the Lord works but I wonder wh Nomination of Kenneth Winston Starr To Be Solicitor General of col sense of thir my friend Al Sin the United States Let us all th February 1, 1989 granted us this us to spend clerk to Chief Justice Warren E. Burger of Graham, my de The President today announced his inten- he was a boy tion to nominate Kenneth Winston Starr to the U.S. Supreme Court in Washington, Carolina one of be Solicitor General of the United States, DC, 1975-1977. From 1974 to 1975, Judge And one day he Department of Justice. He would succeed Starr was an associate with Gibson, Dunn & their cows na Charles Fried. Crutcher in Los Angeles, CA. never milked b Since 1983 Judge Starr has been a judge Judge Starr graduated from George it was a gentle of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District Washington University (B.A., 1968), Brown cooperative. W of Columbia. Prior to this he was Counselor University (M.A., 1969), and Duke Universi- to milk the C to the Attorney General at the Department ty (J.D., 1973). He was born July 21, 1946, slapped him in of Justice, 1981-1983. He was an associate in Vernon, TX. He is married and has two out, a few min partner with Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher in children. all the way acr Washington, DC, 1977-1981, and a law to kick him. Ai wonder if the kind and gen next to her in Continuation of John W. Vessey, Jr., as Special Presidential Emissary thought of th to Hanoi for POW/MIA Affairs request for A and gentler na February 1, 1989 it, and it's an happen. And The President has asked General John W. August 1987, General Vessey's efforts have cynics, are th Vessey, Jr., USA, Ret., to continue in his resulted in substantial progress in resolving Washington W role as Special Presidential Emissary to this pressing humanitarian issue and ending stop kicking. [ Hanoi for POW/MIA Affairs. General the uncertainty for the families of our miss- But we're t Vessey has served in this capacity since ing in Southeast Asia. The President is ties and som being named to the position by President pleased that General Vessey has agreed to country-toug Reagan in February 1987. continue to serve his country in this posi- tunities. And Beginning with his initial visit to Hanoi in tion of great importance to all of us. source in dea just prayer fo what is in th ually and as Remarks at the Annual National Prayer Breakfast remember, grateful for, February 2, 1989 prayer of tha My special thanks to Bob Stump and There is no greater peace than that Doug Coe, to our honored guests through- which comes from prayer and no greater out this country and from our foreign lands, fellowship than to join in prayer with and it is a pleasure for Barbara and me to others. And coming to the prayer breakfast be here once again. is, for us at least, like coming home. The 40 Administration of George Bush, 1989 / Feb. 2 .ig you our best Lord works in mysterious ways. There is attempt to fulfill the responsibilities we now nothing mysterious, however, about His pri- have without prayer and a strong faith in GEORGE BUSH orities. I'm the one with the laryngitis, and God. Abraham Lincoln said: "I've been Sandy Patti is the one that lifted our spirits driven many times to my knees by the with that magnificent voice, clear as the overwhelming conviction that I have no- finest crystal. We're grateful to her. And where else to go." Surely he was not the the Lord works in very mysterious ways, first President, certainly not the last, to re- but I wonder why it is that under the proto- alize that. eneral of col sense of things I always have to follow It's not just Presidents. I heard about a my friend Al Simpson. [Laughter] little boy whose elderly grandmother came Let us all thank the Lord for having to live with them for the winter. And the granted us this day, making it possible for first day the little boy played hard inside us to spend this time together. Billy the house, and he wanted to turn the heat en E. Burger of Graham, my dear friend, tells me that when down. But grandmother insisted on keeping in Washington, he was a boy living on a farm in North it high. And when he opened the windows, 1 to 1975, Judge Carolina one of his jobs was milking cows. she closed them. And for several days it Gibson, Dunn & And one day he was sent out to milk one of went on like this, up and down, back and their cows named Brindle, a cow he'd forth, with the little boy too hot and the from George never milked before. And he was told that grandmother too cold. After about a week, L., 1968), Brown it was a gentle cow, that it would be very the little boy knelt beside his bed one night 1 Duke Universi- cooperative. When he sat down on the stool and prayed, "Lord, bless mother and daddy, to milk the cow, she switched her tail, n July 21, 1946, and make it hot for grandmother." [Laugh- ied and has two slapped him in the face, nearly put his eye out, a few minutes later kicked the bucket ter] all the way across the barn, and then tried Well, I suppose there may be some to kick him. And at that point, he began to people in Washington, around the country, wonder if the person who described this who have already begun to pray, "Make it kind and gentle cow had ever sat down hot for George." [Laughter] Those prayers ial Emissary next to her in the barn. [Laughter] And I've will be answered over time. Be patient. thought of that story in the light of my [Laughter] But I can also tell you from my request for America to become a kinder heart that I freely acknowledge my need to and gentler nation. It's one thing to request hear and to heed the voice of Almighty it, and it's another thing to see it actually God. I began my Inaugural Address with a ey's efforts have happen. And maybe a lot of folks out there, prayer out of a deep sense of need and ress in resolving cynics, are thinking, well, if you people in desire of God's wisdom in the decisions we ssue and ending Washington will stop trying to milk us, we'll face. And if we're to walk together toward stop kicking. [Laughter] a more caring, more generous America, let ilies of our miss- ne President is But we're facing some serious opportuni- us all share in paving the way with prayer. ties and some great opportunities in our Thank you all, and God bless you. y has agreed to country-tough problems and great oppor- try in this posi- tunities. And I believe that a wonderful re- Note: The President spoke at 9:18 a.m. in all of us. source in dealing with them is prayer-not the International Crystal Ballroom at the just prayer for what we want but prayer for Washington Hilton Hotel. In his remarks, what is in the heart of God for us individ- he referred to Representative Bob Stump; ually and as a nation. And shouldn't we also Doug Coe, an associate of the National remember, with all that we have to be Prayer Breakfast Movement; gospel singer grateful for, to pause each day to offer a Sandy Patti; Senator Alan K. Simpson; and prayer of thanksgiving. All of us should not evangelist Billy Graham. eace than that and no greater in prayer with prayer breakfast ning home. The 41 Feb. 3 / Administration of Ronald Reagan 1988 Administration of Ronald Reagan, 1988 / Feb. 4 prospects for democracy in Central Amer- Note: Identical letters were sent to Senate ica. Majority Leader Robert C. Byrd, Senate Mi- the name of that one man. I have long been though: I'm glad that I've learned to unable to understand the atheist in this know You. Sincerely, nority Leader Robert Dole, House Majority world of so much beauty. And I've had an At midnight we're scheduled to attack. RONALD REAGAN Leader Thomas S. Foley, House Minority Leader Robert H. Michel, and other Mem- unholy desire to invite some atheists to a But You are looking on, and I am not dinner and then serve the most fabulous afraid. bers of Congress. gourmet dinner that has ever been concoct- The signal. Well, I guess I must be ed and, after dinner, ask them if they be- going. I have been happy with You. lieve there was a cook. [Laughter] This more I want to say. As You well Announcement of the Establishment of the Council of Health But I want to thank each of you for being know, the fighting will be cruel, and Promotion and Disease Prevention here today and for sharing with us the spir- even tonight I may come knocking at itual message that God has placed in your Your door. Although I have not been February 3, 1988 hearts. God's love shines through every a friend to You before, still, will You word. His truth is the ultimate power let me enter now, when I do come? The President announced today that he source, and it's always there. It's available Why, I'm crying, oh God, my Lord. You Prevention of disease and pursuit of good has asked the Secretary of Health and to ministers of the Gospel, Presidents, and see what happens to me: Tonight my health is a relatively untapped field of Human Services to establish a Council of the local grocery clerk. His comforting eyes were opened. study. The Council's work on health promo- Health Promotion and Disease Prevention. hand-well, I could never carry the respon- Farewell my God, I'm going, and I'm tion and disease prevention should prove This Council will bring experts together to sibilities of this high office without it. not likely to come back. Strange, is it particularly valuable in controlling the in- Our forefathers drew on the wisdom and assess current health promotion and disease not, but death I fear no longer. creasing costs of health care. The adminis- prevention activities. The Council also will strength of God when they turned a vast tration appreciates the leadership of Con- And he did not come back. This prayer make recommendations for better use of re- wilderness into a blessed land of plenty gressman Don Ritter of Pennsylvania, who was found on the body of a young Russian sources and for innovative methods to en- called the United States of America. God initiated the proposal to establish the Coun- soldier killed in action in 1944. I also re- courage healthy lifestyles. cil. has truly blessed this country, but we never ceived some letters-five letters, in fact- should fall into the trap that would detract from Russian soldiers in Afghanistan who from the universality of God's gift. It is for had deserted their government and their all mankind. God's love is the hope and the army. Each one of them wrote a letter to Statement by Assistant to the President for Press Relations light of the world. me and in that letter revealed their belief Recently a letter found its way to my Fitzwater on the House of Representatives Failure to Approve Aid in God and that they had deserted not out desk, I'm pleased to say, and in that letter for the Nicaraguan Democratic Resistance of fear of battle but because they could not was a copy of a prayer. It was sent to me by carry out the unholy orders that had been February 3, 1988 a woman who had lost her husband in given them. World War II. This prayer had been written And just last week, one of those five-we and delivered in a shellhole during World We are disappointed that the House of this issue. We will continue consultations did get them out. Their plea was for sanctu- War II. It read: Representatives did not vote to keep pres- with these congressional supporters and ary. One of those five was in my office, a sure on the Sandinistas during the peace others concerning the future of the resist- Hear me, oh God; never in the whole handsome young man in his early twenties. process. We thank our many supporters in ance and the peace process. of my lifetime have I spoken to You, And it was evident-and not only from his Congress who worked so hard on behalf of but just now I feel like sending You letter but from his words-when he was my greetings. thanking me for what we had done, that he You know, from childhood on, they've believed in God. And I asked him how always told me You are not. I, like a much religion did he believe there was in Remarks at the Annual National Prayer Breakfast fool, believed them. his own country. And he said, well, among I've never contemplated your creation, young people like myself, it is spreading February 4, 1988 and yet tonight, gazing up out of my fast. shell hole, I marveled at the shim- So, I know with all of us here, brought You know, hearing these wonderful asked me-it ended in a tie game. [Laugh- mering stars above me and suddenly together, as we've been told so often this young men from Wheaton College here ter] knew the cruelty of the lie. morning, in His name-I just thank you, took me down memory lane a little bit, be- At the risk of sounding facetious, I just Will You, my God, reach your hand out and God bless you all. cause some years ago, before they were want to say here in this room-and as has to me, I wonder? But I will tell You, born, and possibly before some of their fa- been so eloquently stated by the people and You will understand. Is it not Note: The President spoke at 9:30 a.m. in thers were born-[laughter]-[ played foot- who've spoken already-about the unique- strange that light should come upon the International Ballroom at the Washing- ball against Wheaton College. And it's kind ness of how all of us, from so many differ- me and I see You amid this night of ton Hilton Hotel. Prior to his remarks, the of nice that I can say here-if one of them hell? ent heritages, have come together here in Wheaton College Men's Glee Club of Whea- There's nothing else I have to say. This, ton, IL, sang two hymns. 172 173 Feb. 5 / Administration of Ronald Reagan, 1987 Administration of Ronald Reagan, 1987 / Feb. 5 Remarks at the Annual National Prayer Breakfast already today. Note: The President spoke at 9:20 a.m. in Well, thank you all. God bless you all. the International Ballroom at the Washing- February 5, 1987 ton Hilton Hotel. Distinguished clergy and Senators and morning you could find several hundred Congressmen, guests, all our good friends: cadets in the chapel beginning their day Nancy and I are delighted to be here with with prayer. Hardly a day goes by that I'm Message on the Observance of National Afro-American (Black) you today. It gives one a very good feeling not told-sometimes in letters and some- History Month, February 1987 to see so many of our national leaders here, times by people I meet-that they're pray- and so many representatives of other coun- ing for me. It's a warm but humbling feel- February 5, 1987 tries, gathering together in a community of ing. Sometimes I answer when someone faith. Two hundred years ago another group says that; I feel I have to say something. This month marks the 61st celebration of to see fulfilled for themselves and for their of statesmen gathered together in Philadel- And I tell them that if they ever get a busy National Black History Month, an event of children the promise and the dream of phia to revise the Articles of Confederation signal, it's because I'm in there ahead of importance to all Americans. The celebra- America. It is a story whose final chapters and bring forth our Constitution. They them. [Laughter] tion takes on special meaning this year be- have not yet been written. often found themselves at odds, their pur- I grew up in a home where I was taught cause of its theme, "The Afro-American and Without an understanding of America's pose lost in acrimony and self-interest, until to believe in intercessory prayer. I know it's the Constitution: Colonial Times to the past, we will not find the way to a future of Benjamin Franklin stood up and said: "I those prayers, and millions like them, that Present." opportunity for all. Black History Month af- have lived a long time, and the longer I are building high and strong this cathedral As Americans prepare to celebrate the fords every American the chance to study live, the more convincing proofs I see of of freedom that we call America; those Bicentennial of the Constitution, we have and to learn more about the contributions this truth-that God governs in the affairs prayers, and millions like them, that will an opportunity to explore once again the of Black Americans to our Nation's progress, of men. And if a sparrow cannot fall to the always keep our country secure and make richness of our founding document and the from great figures like Dr. Martin Luther ground without His notice, is it probable her a force for good in these too troubled changes it has undergone throughout its King, Jr., to the unsung, everyday heroes that an empire can rise without His aid?" times. And that's why as a nation we must two centuries of existence. The experience who helped build, lead, and defend a land And then he called upon the convention to embrace our faith, for as long as we endeav- of Black Americans is a critical part of that that for so long asked more of them than it open each day with prayer. or to do good-and we must believe that history, holding enduring lessons for all of offered to them. How, with so much against them, could will be always-we will find our strength, us about the true meaning of liberty. Black May this traditional observance lead all of our Founding Fathers have dared so much, our hope, and our true happiness in prayer Americans fought in the Revolution which us to work still harder for the day when no to declare for all the world and all future and in the Lord's will. gave birth to this Nation, but it took the trace of prejudice or injustice remains to Civil War, several amendments to the Con- generations the rights of man, the dignity of I'd like to conclude with a story that is undercut the Constitutional rights accorded the individual, the hopes of all humanity? stitution, and a series of actions by the Su- told by Dr. Paul Brand, the noted leprosy preme Court, the Congress, and the Execu- every American. To this goal, in February Was it because they believed that God was specialist, in his book "Fearfully and Won- on their side? Or was it because they tive to secure true equality of rights for 1987, let us pledge anew our unswerving derfully Made." Dr. Brand tells us of how, commitment. prayed to discover how they might be on Black Americans. The story of Black Ameri- after World War II, a group of German stu- cans is the story of their continuing struggle RONALD REAGAN God's side? Our Founding Fathers knew dents-young people-volunteered to help that their hope was in prayer. And that's rebuild a cathedral in England that had why our Declaration of Independence been a casualty of the Luftwaffe bombings. begins with an affirmation of faith and why And as the work progressed, debate broke our Congress opens every day with prayer. out on how best to restore a large statue of Message on the Observance of Brotherhood/Sisterhood Week, It is why the First Congress of the fledgling Jesus with his arms outstretched and bear- February 15-21, 1987 United States in the Northwest Ordinance ing the familiar inscription: Come Unto Me. provided for schools that would teach "reli- February 5, 1987 Careful patching could repair all damage to gion, morality, and knowledge"-because the statue except for Christ's hands, which they knew that no man, no nation, could had been destroyed by bomb fragments. This year marks the 53rd annual Brother- nial year is a singularly appropriate time to grow in freedom without divine guidance. Should they attempt the delicate task of hood/Sisterhood Week, sponsored by the reflect on its importance to each of us. If I might be allowed a personal note reshaping those hands? And finally the National Conference of Christians and Jews. Although the Founding Fathers could here. When I attended the commencement young workers reached a decision that still I am pleased to note that the theme of scarcely have imagined the society we have ceremonies at the Air Force Academy, I stands today. The statue of Jesus has no 1987's celebration is: "This is my Constitu- become 200 years after they hammered out was surprised at how many of the graduat- hands, but the inscription now reads: Christ tion. I'm putting my name on the line." the Constitution, this magnificent document ing cadets came up to me, hand extended— Has No Hands But Ours. Isn't that really The Constitution is the anchor of our Re- remains as relevant and timely as the day 930 in all-and told me they were praying what he was always trying to tell us? Trying public. Through it, we are all equal under the final draft was signed. The principles it for me. When I mentioned this to the com- to tell us that we must be the hands, as the law, just as we are brothers and sisters embodies are timeless: protection of the in- manding general, he told me that every we've heard so eloquently here by so many in the sight of the Almighty. This bicenten- dividual against the state, the separation of 110 111 Eisenhower I 7 Public Papers of the Presidents your armed forces rushed up; by tims and all my compatriots I address the simple, the g their utmost exertions, toiling day myself to you and, in doing so, to the a nice life." and night on the inundated lands at American people to express what can Once in a whi the risk of their own lives under the hardly be expressed in words: our history. Let us most unfavourable weather condi- heart-felt thanks for everything you tions, they saved victims and their did when the sea-our faithful friend ing of this Nation cattle and helped in plugging the in- and eternal enemy-held our coun- It is not mere numerable breaches in the dykes. try in its crushing grip. War. All of the All those who did their utmost to I seize this opportunity to convey to solve were as d help us have earned our deep-felt to you, Mr. President, my sincere to think, for exar gratitude because they have proved wishes both for the prosperity of the in order that we that human solidarity does not stop Republic and for your personal at frontiers. On behalf of the vic- well-being. zens, not to be ind JULIANA there was no stru make people und 8 У Remarks at the Dedicatory Prayer Breakfast you can understan So when we ca: of the International Christian Leadership. our forefathers ha February 5, 1953 was probably as gr the Declaration t. Mr. Chairman, distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen: opinion. They sa This has been a wholly enjoyable occasion for me except for and they went on the one second when I opened the little blue slip and found that them to declare th it said there would be an address by the President. I assure you, realized that the g both for your sakes and for mine, there will not be. if this venture was There are a few thoughts, though, that crowd into my mind. standing of this ven With your permission I will attempt to utter them in a very in- They went on to formal and homely way. very basis of our go First, there is a need we all have in these days and times for dowed by their Crea some help which comes from outside ourselves as we face the When we came multitude of problems that are part of this confusing situation. intended to establis I do not mean merely help for your leaders or the people in tion and Constituti Congress, in the Cabinet and others in authority, because these system we had to S problems are part of all of us. They face each one of us because their Creator." we are a free country. Each of us realizes that he has responsi- In one sentence bilities that are equal to his privileges and to his rights. imbedded soundly i So, as he approaches them at times, he says: "If we only had sense. Today if W 36 nts Dwight D. Eisenhower, 1953 I 8 ly compatriots I address the simple, the good old days, how easy all this would be. What and, in doing so, to the a nice life." ople to express what can Once in a while it might be a good thing for us to turn back to :pressed in words: our history. Let us study a little bit of what happened at the found- inks for everything you sea-our faithful friend ing of this Nation. enemy-held our coun- It is not merely the events that led up to the Revolutionary hing grip. War. All of the confused problems that we were then called upon S opportunity to convey to solve were as difficult as those we face now. Did you ever stop President, my sincere to think, for example, that the first year of that war was fought for the prosperity of the in order that we might establish our right to be free British citi- nd for your personal zens, not to be independent. From April 1775 until July 4, 1776, JULIANA there was no struggle for independence. It was a struggle to make people understand that we were free British citizens. So 'rayer Breakfast you can understand the confusion of thought that was going on. So when we came down to the Declaration of Independence, ership. our forefathers had difficulty in meeting their problems which was probably as great for them as we feel our problems today. In the Declaration they acknowledged the need to respect public and gentlemen: opinion. They said, "When in the course of human events"- ion for me except for and they went on to say a decent respect for mankind impelled ue slip and found that them to declare the decisions which led to the separation. They esident. I assure you, realized that the good opinion of the whole world was necessary lot be. if this venture was to succeed. At least they felt that an under- crowd into my mind. standing of this venture should be abroad in the world. ter them in a very in- They went on to try to explain it. What did they say? The very basis of our government is: "We hold that all men are en- ese days and times for dowed by their Creator" with certain rights. rselves as we face the When we came to that turning point in history, when we his confusing situation. intended to establish a government for free men and a Declara- aders or the people in tion and Constitution to make it last, in order to explain such a uthority, because these system we had to say: "We hold that all men are endowed by each one of us because their Creator." es that he has responsi- In one sentence we established that every free government is I to his rights. imbedded soundly in a deeply-felt religious faith or it makes no e says: "If we only had sense. Today if we recall those things and if, in that sense, we 37 У 8 Public Papers of the Presidents can back off from our problems and depend upon a power greater than ourselves, I believe that we begin to draw these problems intc focus. As Benjamin Franklin said at one time during the course of the stormy consultation at the Constitutional Convention, because he sensed that the convention was on the point of breaking up: "Gentlemen, I suggest that we have a word of prayer." And strangely enough, after a bit of prayer the problems began tc smooth out and the convention moved to the great triumph that we enjoy today-the writing of our Constitution. Today I think that prayer is just simply a necessity, because by prayer I believe we mean an effort to get in touch with the Infinite. We know that even our prayers are imperfect. Even our supplications are imperfect. Of course they are. We are imperfect human beings. But if we can back off from those problems and make the effort, then there is something that ties us all together. We have begun in our grasp of that basis of understanding, which is that all free government is firmly founded in a deeply-felt religious faith. As we sympathize with our great friends in Holland and Britain today in this distressing disaster that has overtaken them, it is good to know that the American soldiers, the American Navy, the American airmen, are sharing those disasters and are moving in as units and as individuals to help. I have had messages from both of those countries expressing their great thanks to America for the work they are doing. They, to my mind, are part of this understanding that a government such as ours hopes to produce people who are moved by sympathy, by all of those wonderful qualities that are implicit in a deeply-felt religious faith. They are living up to what we hope for our government, both as units and as individuals. I think my little message this morning is merely this: I have the profound belief that if we remind ourselves once in a while of this simple basic truth that our forefathers in 1776 understood so well, we can hold up our heads and be certain that we in our 38 sidents Dwight D. Eisenhower, 1953 I 9 d upon a power greater time are going to be able to preserve the essentials, to preserve raw these problems into as a free government and pass it on, in our turn, as sound, as strong, as good as ever. That, it seems to me, is the prayer that during the course of the all of us have today. Convention, because he It has been very wonderful to meet you. Until I started over point of breaking up: I had the picture, which Frank Carlson gave me last summer, word of prayer." And of a small Congressional group of Congressmen and Senators who the problems began to met on a morning each week. I had an idea of coming over to the great triumph that see 20 or 25 or maybe 50 people. I had no idea that our host had titution. such a party as this. I do hope I may speak for all of you in ply a necessity, because thanking him for such a breakfast, the like of which I have not O get in touch with the had in IO years. As long as you feed me grits and sausage, every- rs are imperfect. Even thing will be all right. purse they are. We are Thank you. an back off from those NOTE: The President spoke at the referred to U.S. Senator Frank Carl- re is something that ties Mayflower Hotel in Washington. son of Kansas. r grasp of that basis of His opening words "Mr. Chairman" rnment is firmly founded 9 I Message to the Boy Scouts of America on ds in Holland and Britain las overtaken them, it is Their 43d Anniversary. February 7, 1953 ers, the American Navy, [ Released February 7, 1953. Dated February 4, 1953 ] disasters and are moving have had messages from To the Boy Scouts of America: great thanks to America It is with great personal pleasure that I extend to you my my mind, are part of this warmest congratulations on your Forty-third Anniversary and as ours hopes to produce greet you on the occasion of Boy Scout Week I953. by all of those wonderful Your present crusade "Forward on Liberty's Team" is proving :elt religious faith. They to be most effective. Americans everywhere must be proud to government, both as units know that the Boy Scouts of America registered its three-millionth active member during the past year. I understand that the ng is merely this: I have present membership has now reached a new high of 3,200,000 ourselves once in a while Scouts, Explorers, and leaders, and that since I910 there have athers in 1776 understood been 20,200,000 American boys and men enrolled. be certain that we in our This birthday message is addressed to every Scout and leader 39 If Congress can put a President's face on a coin make a declaration of war open their own daily sessions with prayer secretly raise their pay in a midnight session immortalize Elvis Presley on a stamp declare a National Day of Prayer can spend time debating the merits of Vanna White's appearance on the Home Shopping Club your then surely Congress can amend the United States Constitution to allow voluntary prayer in our children's schools. declare a National Holiday hold Prayer Breakfast 224-3004 Richard Ray of Supid Gary 6620 Laws Lauday - cream Charlie x610 SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7020 ; 8-13-92 ; 11:08 ; 2024566221- 2024566218:# 1 Executive Office of the President Office of Legislative Affairs FACSIMILE TRANSMITTAL SHEET Number of Pages including cover 6 Date: 8/13/92 To: Michele Nix Fax Number: x6218 Office Number: Comments: Per our conversation From: Henry Plaster Fax Number: Office Number: (202) 456-7500 SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7020 ; 8-13-92 ; 11:09 ; 2024566221- 2024566218:# 2 QUICK REPORT: S.J. Res. 83 by Sen. Daniel R. Coats (R-IN) National Day of Prayer and Thanksgiving, Designation (Pub. L. 102-24, approved 3/28/91) Title, Overview, Outlook: S.J. Res. 83 by Sen. Daniel R. Coats (R-IN) National Day of Prayer and Thanksgiving, Designation (Pub. L. 102-24, approved 3/28/91) Official Title (Caption): Joint resolution entitled "National Day of Prayer and Thanksgiving". Introduced on Thursday, February 28, 1991 OVERVIEW Copyright (c) 1992 Legi-Slate, Inc. The resolution [S.J.Res.83] would urge the president to declare a national day of prayer and thanksgiving for the efforts of the U.S. troops in the Persian Gulf. OUTLOOK Copyright (c) 1992 Legi-Slate, Inc. The president signed the resolution on March 28, 1991, and it became Public Law 102-24. Narrative Description: Description and status of S.J. Res. 83, National Day of Prayer and Thankegiving, Designation (Pub. L. 102-24, approved 3/28/91), as of Thursday, August 13, 1992 The resolution was introduced in the Senate on Thursday, February 28, 1991 by Sen. Daniel R. Coats (R-IN). At the present time there are 26 cosponsors of this resolution, 8 Democrats and 18 Republicans. The resolution's official title stated its purpose as follows: "Joint resolution entitled "National Day of Prayer and Thanksgiving"." The Congressional Research Service of the Library of Congress has summar- ized the resolution as follows: "Urges the President to declare a national day of prayer and thanksgiving for the efforts of U.S. troops in the Persian Gulf." SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7020 ; 8-13-92 ; 11:10 ; 2024566221- 2024566218:# 3 The resolution has not been referred to any committee for consideration. The most recent action on the resolution was on Thursday, March 28, 1991: Became Public Law No. 102-24. There is currently no committee action scheduled on this resolution. Also, one other bill has been located that is identical, similar or closely related to S.J.R.83: H.J.R.206 by STENHOLM (D-TX) -- National Day of Prayer and Thanksgiving, Designation CRS Abstract and Digest: Abstract (from Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress) Urges the President to declare a national day of prayer and thanksgiving for the efforts of U.S. troops in the Persian Gulf. Digest (from Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress) Calls for the President to declare a national day of prayer and thanksgiving to express gratitude for the heroic efforts of our troops during the Persian Gulf crisis. Cosponsors: S.J.R.83 BY COATS (R-IN) -- National Day of Prayer and Thanksgiving, Designation (Pub. L. 102-24, approved 3/28/91) CURRENTLY: 8 Democrate 18 Republicans --- 26 Cosponsors BOND (R-MO) As Introduced 02/28/91 BOREN (D-OK) As Introduced 02/28/91 BROWN (R-CO) As Introduced 02/28/91 BURDICK (D-ND) As Introduced 02/28/91 BURNS (R-MT) As Introduced 02/28/91 BYRD, ROBERT (D-WV) As Introduced 02/28/91 CRAIG (R-ID) As Introduced 02/28/91 DOLE (R-KS) As Introduced 02/28/91 DURENBERGER (R-MN) As Introduced 02/28/91 FORD, WENDELL (D-KY) As Introduced 02/28/91 GRAHAM, BOB (D-FL) As Introduced 02/28/91 HELMS (R-NC) As Introduced 02/28/91 JEFFORDS (R-VT) As Introduced 02/28/91 KASSEBAUM (R-KS) As Introduced 02/28/91 SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7020 ; 8-13-92 ; 11:10 ; 2024566221-> 2024566218:# 4 KERRY, JOHN (D-MA) As Introduced 02/28/91 LOTT (R-MS) As Introduced 02/28/91 LUGAR (R-IN) As Introduced 02/28/91 MACK (R-FL) As Introduced 02/28/91 MCCAIN (R-AZ) As Introduced 02/28/91 MURKOWSKI (R-AK) As Introduced 02/28/91 REID (D-NV) As Introduced 02/28/91 SIMON (D-IL) As Introduced 02/28/91 SIMPSON (R-WY) As Introduced 02/28/91 SMITH, ROBERT C. (R-NH) As Introduced 02/28/91 THURMOND (R-SC) As Introduced 02/28/91 WALLOP (R-WY) As Introduced 02/28/91 Major Actions on Bill: 02/28/91 -- In The SENATE Introduced by COATS (R-IN) No committee referral on introduction Considered (debated) in the Senate (CR Page S-2497) Passed (agreed to) (by Voice Vote) with preamble Full text of measure printed in "Congressional Record" (CR Page S-2497) 03/05/91 -- In The HOUSE Received in the House, after passage in the Senate 03/20/91 -- In The HOUSE Discharged from HOUSE COMMITTEE ON POST OFFICE AND CIVIL SERVICE Considered (debated) in the House (CR Page H-1874) Passed (agreed to) (by Voice Vote) Full text of measure printed in "Congressional Record" (CR Page H-1875) 03/21/91 -- In The HOUSE Signed in the House 03/21/91 -- In The SENATE Returned to the Senate from the House, without amendments Signed in the Senate Presented to the President 03/28/91 -- In The SENATE signed by the President Became Public Law No. 102-24 Counterpart or Companion Bills: H.J.Res. 206 by Rep. Charles W. Stenholm (D-TX) -- National Day of Prayer and Thanksgiving, Designation Recorded Votes: Currently, no recorded votes for S.J. Res. 83 SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7020 ; 8-13-92 ; 11:11 ; 2024566221-> 2024566218;# 5 Remarks by Members: 02/28/91 -- In The SENATE Remarks by COATS (R-IN) in "Congressional Record" (CR Page S-2448) Washington Post Articles: Currently, no articles found with reference to S.J. Res. 83 National Journal Articles: Currently, no articles found with reference to S.J. Res. 83 CQ Weekly Report Articles: Currently, no articles found with reference to S.J. Res. 83 SENT BY:Xerox Telecopier 7020 ; 8-13-92 ; 11:11 ; 2024566221-> 2024566218:# 6 S.J.Ree.83 One Hundred Second Congress of the United States of America AT THE FIRST SESSION Begun and held at the City of Washington on Thursday, the third day of January, one thousand nine hundred and ninety-one Joint Resolution Entitled "National Day of Prayer and Thanksgiving". Whereas the United States responded decisively to the crisis in the Middle East created by the invasion of Iraqi troops into Kuwait and the unlawful annexation of that sovereign state by Iraq; Whereas a worldwide coalition was forged to preserve international order and stop Iraqi aggression; Whereas President Bush pursued his strategy against Iraq with foresight and purpose from the moment Kuwait was invaded, Whereas our military leaders planned their campaign on air, land and sea, with innovation and precision; Whereas American troops have served bravely in the Middle East at great personal risk in the defense of freedom; Whereas we have seen a stunning triumph of American leadership, military strength and technology, Whereas the families of American military personnel stationed in the Middle East or held captive by the Iraqi government have faced great anxiety; Whereas the families and friends of those who have fallen bear the greatest, most tragic loss of all, Whereas Americane have traditionally recognized the importance and strength derived from prayer at such a difficult time, Whereas our Nation has always trusted in a Providence which vindicates the oppressed and defends the right: Now, therefore, be it Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the President of the United States declare a national day of prayer and thanksgiving to express our gratitude for the heroic efforts of our troops and to offer our thanks to God, the ruler of men and nations, the source of justice, and the author of true peace. Speaker of the House of Representatives. Vice President of the United States and President of the Senate. PAGE 16 10TH STORY of Level 1 printed in FULL format. Copyright 1991 The Time Inc. Magazine Company People October 7, 1991 SECTION: BIO; Pg. 116 LENGTH: 1383 words HEADLINE: AMERICA'S CRUSADER; After a triumphant Central Park rally, Billy Graham is slowing down -- sort of BYLINE: by Joe Treen BODY: BILLY GRAHAM, THE COUNTRY'S best-known evangelist, says he is cutting back. Here's how: On Sunday he delivered a fiery sermon to 250,000 people in New York City's Central Park --- his largest audience ever in North America. The sermon was a 45-minute spellbinder on the healing power of love. "God has not abandoned us. We have abandoned Him," Graham told the crowd, a true mosaic of every faith and ethnic group the city could muster. "God loves you!" he thundered, pointing to different sections of the audience. "God loves you!" Then on Monday, still taking it easy by his own peculiar standard of leisure, the 72-year-old minister rose before dawn for a live appearance on CBS This Morning. Later he videotaped an insert for a telecast of his Central Park rally and flew to Chattanooga, Tenn., to help dedicate a gymnasium. On Tuesday he awoke early and headed for an undisclosed European hideaway to work on his memoirs. Next month he goes to Buenos Aires to launch a 21-nation Latin American crusade, the most ambitious of his 41-year career. This is what is known as cutting back, Billy Graham -style. "I'm not going to retire like other people think of retiring,' " says Graham. "The Lord's work doesn't stop until the very end." On the other hand, Graham says, don't expect to see him on the another-night, another-arena evangelist circuit anymore. Starting with his Central Park rally, he says, he is going to be like a baseball player in an old-timers' game; the job will be basically the same, but the pace won't be as quick. "Mentally, my desire and my zeal are strong," he says. "But my body is slowing me down." Graham has counseled Presidents and other heads of state, opened his ministry to people of all faiths -- even Catholics and Jews -- and has energetically taken his interpretation of the Gospel to more than 110 million people in 84 countries, more than any other preacher in history. But today his gait is slow and stiff. His hair is graying, and his rich North Carolina baritone seems reedy until he delivers one of his famous firebrand sermons. Even so, he no longer paces a mile or two when at the podium. His health is fine, he insists, although he admits to "some problems that come with a man my age" -- including high blood pressure -- but nothing "serious or life threatening." At the same time, he frequently talks of death without seeming to fear it. "I wish I could go to heaven right now," he told Paula Zahn of CBS. "My greatest fear is that I'll do something or say something that will bring disrepute on the Gospel of Christ before I go." LEXIS:NEXIS® LEXIS-NEXIS® LEXIS-NEXIS® Services of Mead Data Central, Inc. Recyclable PAGE 17 1991 Time Inc., People, October 7, 1991 Such cautious humility has helped Graham avoid the same pitfalls that sullied television evangelists Jimmy Swaggart and Jim Bakker. William Martin, whose authoritative biography on Graham, A Prophet with Honor, is to be published in November, says that in 1948 Graham set up rules for himself and his staff so they wouldn't get embroiled in any scandal over sex or money. Among other things, Martin says, no male on the Graham staff is ever alone in a room with a female unless the door is kept open. Graham never enters a hotel room until it has been checked by an aide. And he never opens his hotel-room door unless he knows for sure who is on the other side. On the financial end, Graham receives little of the $80 million raised annually by the Billy Graham Evangelistic Association. He draws an $80, 000-a-year salary and tries hard to avoid any appearance of wealth. He usually wears rubber-sole shoes, for example, and a simple blue blazer. Graham and his wife, Ruth, 71, live comfortably but without ostentation in western North Carolina. She says they bought their 150-acre spread near Montreat for $15 an acre a few years after they were married in 1943 and built their home using recycled materials from old log cabins and demolished houses. She still does much of the housework herself. "The place is decorated in cobwebs," she says with a smile. To insulate him from temptation, Graham's nonprofit organization is independently audited, publishes an annual report and is run by an executive committee that does not include the evangelist. "He couldn't build a theme park if he wanted to," says Martin, a sociology professor at Rice University in Houston. Another writer, Marshall Frady, whose highly critical - and critically acclaimed - 1979 biography of Graham is being updated, says he tried to find criminal wrongdoing among other things but failed. "He has an absolutely indefatigable good nature," Frady says. "He is a man without shadows." Graham was born in 1918 in Charlotte, N.C., the oldest of four children, and raised on a dairy farm. When he was 15, he heard a traveling evangelist named Mordecai Ham at a series of revival meetings and became what would be known today as a born-again Christian. After high school, Graham became a Fuller Brush salesman, traveling the back roads of the Carolinas. He then entered the Florida Bible Institute in Clearwater, now Trinity College, where he learned to be a Baptist minister. He was ordained in 1940. From there he went to Wheaton College near Chicago, where he met fellow student Ruth McCue Bell. They were married Aug. 13, 1943, and today have two sons (both ministers), three daughters, 19 grandchildren and three great- grandchildren, with a fourth on the way. "I have never had sex with another person except my wife," Graham says. "My wife was the first one and that was after we were married. I have to say that it wasn't just my goodness. I think it was God watching over me." In 1949 he got his big break. Media baron William Randolph Hearst heard Graham deliver a vigorous anticommunist sermon during a revival series in Los Angeles and sent a two-word telegram to the editors of each of his publications: "Puff Graham." The next day a horde of reporters showed up, and Graham went onto front pages around the world. To this day, Graham continues to command the sympathetic attention of much of the media (Peter Jennings, Dan Rather, Diane Sawyer, Paul Harvey, Hugh Downs and Kathie Lee Gifford all showed up for a recent New York City luncheon where his TM LEXIS·NEXIS® LEXIS-NEXIS® LEXIS·NEXIS® Services of Mead Data Central, Inc. Recyclable PAGE 18 1991 Time Inc., People, October 7, 1991 new book, Hope for the Troubled Heart, was plugged), and his White House connections -- Democrat, or Republican -- are legendary. He has visited the executive mansion so often that he is sometimes referred to as the unofficial White House chaplain. On Jan. 16, for example, George Bush asked him to come to Washington, D.C., but did not say why. "They put me in the Lincoln Room," Graham recalls, "and all of a sudden there came a knock at the door. There was Mrs. Bush in a wheelchair [following a knee injury from a sledding accident at Camp David]. She said, 'How about rolling me up to the Blue Room to watch some TV?' = They turned on CNN and watched the beginning of the air war against Iraq. "Then the President came in, and we had prayer together," Graham says. At dinner the three of them prayed again. And then, Graham says, just before Bush spoke to the nation, they prayed a third time "that God would help him say the right thing and give him wisdom." Graham says his friendship with Bush does not extend into offering advice as it did when Richard Nixon was in the White House. The reason is Watergate, he readily admits today. "Watergate was hard for me," he says. "Because I never really dreamed he [Nixon] would use language like that. That was the thing that shook me. I never heard him use a swear word. I never heard him say 'damn' or 'hell.' And when all that stuff came out, I just felt it was a Nixon I didn't know. But we're still very good friends. In fact, I just talked to him last week." Graham's travels put him in touch regularly with other world leaders. In July he met with both Mikhail Gorbachev and Boris Yeltsin. "We talked about religion the entire time," he says of his meeting with Yeltsin. "He said he was very happy that his grandchildren were wearing crosses." The changes in the Soviet Union, Graham says, are good for the church - especially the evangelical wing, which he says is growing rapidly worldwide. "I think people have come to the point that they want to hear the true Gospel," he says. "They want the Bible told just as it is." Which is why he is only cutting back, he says. Not stepping down. GRAPHIC: Picture 1, Graham addresses the Central Park faithful. When he first came to New York City, in 1957, he compared it with Sodom and Gomorrah. "God loves New York," he now says. "He has not given up on the people." descBlack and white: Two photographs: Billy Graham; Billy Graham preaching to crowd at Central Park rally., Photographs by Ken Regan/Camera 5; Picture 2, Graham met with Dwight Eisenhower in 1957. Critics such as Marshall Frady contend Graham consciously developed strong ties to a string of Presidents in order to "validate" his ministry. descBlack and white: Dwight D. Eisenhower, Billy Graham. , PAUL SCHUTZER/LIFE; Picture 3, Graham's friendship with Lyndon Johnson bolstered both men's public images. "I told him he was the greatest religious leader in the world," Johnson said, "and he said I was the greatest political leader." descBlack and white: Lyndon B. Johnson, Billy Graham. AP; Picture 4, Even though Graham was shocked by Watergate, he remains close friends with Richard Nixon. "I'm a pastor and a minister," Graham explains. "When a person needs you, that's when the call is strongest." descBlack and white: Richard M. Nixon, Billy Graham. RUSS BUSBY; Picture 5, Graham's friendship with George Bush has meant visits to Kennebunkport. "I've known him for so long," Graham says. "I used to play golf with his father a lot. And his mother is a very close friend of my wife's. So is Barbara." descBlack and white: George Bush, Billy Graham. DOUG MILLS/AP; Picture 6, Ruth and Billy meet with 1992 granddaughter Jerusha, 13, in Graham's trailer before the Central Park rally. LEXIS:NEXIS® LEXIS·NEXIS® LEXIS·NEXIS® Services of Mead Data Central, Inc. Recyclable PAGE 19 1991 Time Inc., People, October 7, 1991 descBlack and white: Ruth Graham, Billy Graham, Jerusha., Photographs by Ken Regan/Camera 5; Picture 7, Wilson Pickett: Commitment to retire descBlack and white., GARY GERSHOFF/RETNA LTD.; Picture 8, Laura Dern, with Diane Ladd descBlack and white., RALPH DOMINGUEZ/GLOBE PHOTOS TM TM TM LEXIS:NEXIS® LEXIS-NEXIS® LEXIS·NEXIS® Services of Mead Data Central, Inc. Recyclable PAGE 13 10TH STORY of Level 1 printed in FULL format. Copyright 1991 News World Communications, Inc. The Washington Times April 8, 1991, Monday, Final Edition SECTION: Part A; NATION; Pg. A3 LENGTH: 700 words HEADLINE: Bush prayer ends 48-hour show-biz tour BYLINE: Frank J. Murray; THE WASHINGTON TIMES DATELINE: HOUSTON BODY: HOUSTON - Breaking from a string of yellow-ribbon TV shows, President Bush led the nation in prayer yesterday, saying, "It is the time to give thanks to God, not for winning the war, but for helping us to do what was right." His five-minute homily from the pulpit of St. Martin's Episcopal Church - packed with nearly 1,000 persons - ended with the words "We are not an arrogant nation, a gloating nation, for we know 'Blessed are the meek, for they shall inherit the earth.' " But during a frantic 48 hours of TV appearances, White House officials failed in their efforts to insulate the president from the show-biz aura. From the start of his administration, Mr. Bush ordered that he not be put in the position of endorsing commercial activity or appearing to commercialize the presidency. "The president feels very strongly about it," a White House official said, adding that it is easier to set a general tone with producers than to enforce specifics. All three networks bused in squads of Persian Gulf veterans as props, then outflanked Mr. Bush and the troops with commercials inserted for broadcast but not seen on studio monitors where the president appeared. "You can't go to the networks and say the president will appear but you can't sell commercials," said the official, who spoke on condition of anonymity. White House officials said they never had overall program control as Mr. Bush was drafted into one show after another by such friends as Bob Hope and campaign media adviser Roger Ailes. All three were entertainment shows with multiple sponsors. At one point on CBS' "All-Star Salute to Our Troops," produced by Mr. Ailes, a roll call of American war dead was immediately followed by a roll call of advertisers - seven commercials in a row. "Salute" was broadcast live from Hangar 3 of Andrews Air Force Base. On that show Mr. Bush told viewers: "America rediscovered itself during Desert Storm. While we freed a tiny nation, WE also regained confidence in TM LEXIS·NEXIS® LEXIS-NEXIS® LEXIS®NEXIS® Services of Mead Data Central, Inc. Recyclable PAGE 14 The Washington Times, April 8, 1991 America's special decency, courage, compassion and devotion to principle." "We've tried to show my interest, Barbara's interest, in welcoming them [the troops] back here," President Bush said in Houston Saturday as "Bob Hope's Yellow Ribbon Party" aired on NBC. "I love it. I thought it was great," said first lady Barbara Bush. The third spectacular, "Welcome Home America," was taped Friday in Los Angeles for broadcast next Sunday on ABC, ostensibly to mark the 50th anniversary of the USO. Mr. Bush's father, former Sen. Prescott Bush, reportedly helped start the United Service Organization in 1941 by raising $32 million. Throughout the string of appearances Mr. Bush was surrounded by megastars, Democrat-bashing comedians and entertainment lawyers. There were Frank Sinatra, Tom Selleck, Arnold Schwarzenegger and 1960s draft evader Muhammad Ali. There were Brooke Shields and the Pointer Sisters. There were Ronald Reagan, Gerald Ford, Colin Powell and Richard Cheney, who did a retake when he flubbed his lines. Mr. Bush presented Mr. Hope, a veteran troop entertainer, a lifetime award for USO work. Mr. Hope recalled globe-trotting with sex symbols like Raquel Welch and cracked, "I'd do it again for my country." Chilling the celebratory mood at one point, Mr. Reagan said, "There's no such thing as a good war." Tony Orlando sang his trademark "Tie a Yellow Ribbon 'Round the Old Oak Tree," as did country singer Clint Black. And, as he had countless times in the Bush campaign, Lee Greenwood sang "I'm Proud to Be An American." The spectacular shows marked a reversal for Mr. Bush, who restrained himself from even meeting homecoming troops in early March and finally did so at military or civic settings. Mr. Bush indicated he has given up his earlier plan to "salute the troops on the ground" in a personal visit to the Middle East. "Time is maybe making that more difficult." He has said the nation should celebrate in a massive party on the Fourth of July but first should observe the three-day weekend of thanksgiving that ended with yesterday's 3 p.m. bell-ringing across the country. TM TM TM LEXIS:NEXIS® LEXIS-NEXIS® LEXIS-NEXIS® Services of Mead Data Central, Inc. Recyclable 8am - 4:30 8am - 4:30 PM (612)338-0500 Kids Billy Graham Maneapolis 20-gard mine - 5 children a 2sons 3 daughters - 19 grandleids - 4 great-graed Kids White House News Summary Friday, September 28, 1990 -- 3 CHEMICAL WEAPONS/JORDANIANS (Amman/Reuter) -- Jordanian Moslem militants urged Saddam Hussein Friday to turn his chemical weapons on U.S. troops in the Persian Gulf. "Chemicals, chemicals, O Saddam," about 1,000 people screamed. They also set U.S. and British flags ablaze at a pro-Iraq rally in Amman The crowd urged King Hussein to arm them against Western forces. IRA/TERRORISM CONFERENCE (London/Reuter) -- The Irish Republican Army claimed responsibility Friday for planting a bomb made of plastic explosives at a London conference on combatting terrorism. The IRA said in a statement issued in Dublin the incident showed its ability to "strike at will." SUDANESE BOMBINGS (AP) -- The State Department said Friday the Sudanese government is threatening an international relief effort by bombing towns in rebel-held areas where assistance programs are in operation. U.S. Ambassador James Cheek has raised the issue with Sudanese President Omar el-Bashir but has received no assurance that the bombings will stop, said deputy spokesman Boucher. ARMENIAN RELIEF (UPI) -- The U.S. made its first grant for development assistance to the Soviet Union Friday with the commitment of $9.8 million in humanitarian aid for survivors of the December 1988 Armenian earthquake Armenian President Levon Ter-Petrosyan expressed concern at a State Department signing ceremony that Moscow's earthquake aid to his republic "will fail and be aborted" because of "the economic crisis in the Soviet Tom Laos All Churches domes repainted gilded St. Peteriburg Kazan Young keptaway Ukraine Romania Hungary The All of Religion associate Lithuania Main checkedral archive turned gout tostablest lot by Pre June 1991 Alexander Capital Sofia Gaspech Bulgarial U The once thesed recons White House News Summary Friday, September 28, 1990 -- 4 BUDGET/DE FAZIO (UPI) -- Americans don't have to face a "bloody Monday" if President Bush backs off from his "tax break for the rich" budget demand, Rep. De Fazio said Friday on "The Fox Morning News.' De Fazio was challenged by Rep. Walker, who said "if the Democrats have a better plan" the GOP would like to see it. PAY CUT/HOUSE (UPI) -- The House Friday blocked a Senate move to include the pay of members of Congress and top Administration officials in any government-wide spending cuts that will be required if a deficit-cutting agreement is not reached before next week "The House wanted a simple extension for the housing programs," said a staff member of the House Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs Committee. Sen. Pressler, who proposed the pay-cut amendment in the Senate, charged there was "a concerted effort by the House leadership" to avoid the cut. DEFENSE/HOUSE (Reuter) -- A House subcommittee virtually completed a defense appropriations bill this week that would reduce proposed military manpower cuts next year because of the Persian Gulf crisis, and require more fast ships to deliver tanks and other heavy weapons, members said Friday. They said the defense appropriations subcommittee approved everything except the most basic figure in the bill, the total amount, because it exceeds a House budget resolution allotment for next year. NASA/HOUSE (AP) -- The House passed Friday a $44 billion, three- year spending authorization bill for NASA that includes President Bush's proposal to place a settlement on the Moon and begin work Czechoslavakia- - Church decapitated Catholiz/ Protesperts Billy Graham ? not. coming local Scriptures Harold Bible 29:10-13 VP, Prayer Mrs. Quayle 1 FLOTUS Phil Grama & Wife ? Ingronicles 7:14H5 yesterday James interview Dobson Gulf subtained Phillipines Judge Al Green 4:4-9 Rabbi. Bash 703 528-2274 Refurber Churches onion domes painted are Belanth+ Kiw 1 Rebuilding Churches in Miscow Moscous were once Chyrches factories turned back to the Church Outpouring finterest Younger people - Churches inKremlin used again Center of Hostility toward Religion To MICHELLE Date Time 4:06 WHILE YOU WERE OUT David Jones of M staff office in Houston Phone Area Code Number Extension TELEPHONED PLEASE CALL X CALLED TO SEE YOU WILL CALL AGAIN WANTS TO SEE YOU URGENT RETURNED YOUR CALL X Message K Operator AMPAD EFFICIENCY® 23-023 CARBONLESS To MICHELLE Date Time 1:20 WHILE YOU WERE OUT M David Jones of Phone Area Code Number Extension TELEPHONED PLEASE CALL CALLED TO SEE YOU WILL CALL AGAIN WANTS TO SEE YOU URGENT RETURNED YOUR CALL X Message LP Operator AMPAD EFFICIENCY@ 23-023 CARBONLESS DOUG GAMBLE 424 - 36th Place Aug. 12/92 Manhattan Beach, CA 90266 (310) 546-6409 TO: CHRISTINA MARTIN 2 Pages NAT. PTAYER BREAKFAST (Curt Smith) BREAKFAST SPEECHES ARE ALWAYS MY FAVORITE. I FIGURE IT'S THE MEAL WHERE BROCCOLI IS LEAST LIKELY TO BE SERVED. I DON'T KNOW IF THIS BREAKFAST WAS FASHIONED FROM JUST SEVEN LOAVES AND FISHES, BUT IF so, I'M GLAD YOU DIDN'T COUNT ON ME TO CATCH THE MISH. I TRIED OUT MY ACCEPTANCE SPEECH ON BARBARA LAST NIGHT. SHE SAID "NOT BAD, BUT MAYBE YOU SHOULDN'T REFER TO YOUR REELECTION AS 'THE SECOND COMING'. IF 1 CATCH FIRE IN MY SPEECH TONIGHT, IT MIGHT GIVE A WHOLE NEW MEANING TO THE STORY OF THE BURNING BUSH. WHEN MOSES DELIVERED HIS SERMON FROM THE MOUNT, HE HAD AN ADVANTAGE OVER ME AND THE SPEECH I'M GIVING TONIGHT. HIS DIDN'T HAVE AS BIG A BUILD-UP IN ADVANCE. MORE - 2 - DOUG GAMBLE TO: CHRISTINA MARTIN - PRAYER BKFST (CONT'D) I RECEIVED A LETTER RECENTLY FROM A MEMBER OF A TAX REFORM GROUP. HE SAID THAT IF MOSES HAD TO DO IT ALL OVER AGAIN, MAYBE HE'D COME DOWN FROM THE MOUNTAIN WITH THE 10 DEDUCTIONS. (CHOIR) AS SOMEONE WHO INSURANCE WORKS IN THE FRACTIOUS WORLD OF POLITICS, IT'S A WONDERFUL CHANGE TO HEAR A THOUSAND VOICES RAISED IN UNISON. FOR ALL THE OTHER PARTY'S SUPPOSED INCLUSIVENESS, I NOTICED SOMETHING WAS CONSPICUOUSLY ABSENT FROM THEIR CONVENTION -- ANY MENTION OF GOD IN THE PLATFORM. MIND YOU, EVEN IF THEY INVITED HIM PERSONALLY, HE MIGHT HAVE HAD SECOND THOUGHTS ABOUT SHOWING UP IN NEW YORK CITY. BARBARA AND I HAVE BEEN FRIENDS WITH BILLY AND (wife) GRAHAM FOR MANY YEARS, AND BETWEEN US WE HAVE (#) CHILDREN AND (#) GRANDCHILDREN. NOW THAT'S THE KIND OF EXPANSION THAT MAKES EVEN THE FEDERAL BUREAUCRACY JEALOUS. 1 REMEMBER BILLY GRAHAM BEING CRITICIZED FOR SAYING THAT FREEDOM WAS COMING TO EASTERN EUROPE. THE DOUBTERS SAID HE'D BEEN TRICKED AND CALLED HIM NAIVE. BUT BILLY KNEW SOMETHING THAT THEY DIDN'T. HE KNEW THAT THE CHAINS OF OPPRESSION FORGED BY MAN ARE NO MATCH FOR THE FORCES OF LIBERATION GUIDED BY GOD. To: Matthew Scully X7044 FAX Staffed 8/14 (Smith/Nix) Draft Two August 14, 1992 A:GIFTS PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: PRAYER BREAKFAST HOUSTON, TEXAS THURSDAY, AUGUST 20, 1992 8:00 A.M. Mary Lou Retton, thank you for that introduction. Let me repeat what I said last week to the 1992 Summer Olympic team: Whether you won a gold, silver, or bronze medal, or simply gave your best, you're all heroes in the eyes of each American. // My friend and running mate, Dan Quayle. What a wonderful job you have done as Vice-President. / Fellow Texans / Americans / fellow believers in "One Nation Under God. " // I am delighted to address the Ecumenical Prayer Breakfast on this great occasion. ((Breakfast speeches are always my favorite. / I figure it's the one meal where broccoli is never served.) ) Let me first salute that marvelous choir. / Think of it. A 50-piece orchestra. 100 singers from the Houston Children's Choir. Members of 40 area congregations. 1,000 voices. ((Believe me, as one who works in the divisive world of politics, it's amazing to hear that many voices raised in unison. )) // As you know, we meet on a special day. ( (Tonight I give my acceptance speech. If it catches fire, it might give a whole new meaning to the story of the Burning Bush. )) / A couple nights ago, working on my speech, I got up to stretch my legs. Went to the TV. Started switching channels. As usual, drove Bar crazy with the zapper. / Then, suddenly, on 2 cable, there he was. Jack Webb, as Sergeant Joe Friday, saying "Just the facts, ma'am. " / I begin with a fact Joe Friday would be proud of: Today, deep in the heart of Texas, we meet in the most religious Nation on earth. // According to the Gallup Poll, seven in ten Americans believe in life after death -- eight in ten that God works miracles. Nine in ten pray -- and more than 90 percent believe in God. To which I say: Thank God for the United States of America. // Today, we Americans have much to thank God for. Yes, challenges face us -- good schools / safe streets / a sound economy / a world at peace. But we will meet and master them as Americans always have. Not by running America down. But by using God's gifts to lift America up. // The first gift is life itself. / I believe God put us here not to hate but help one another -- to lend a hand / tend a wound / lift the weak and lonely. / The Bible asks us: "Divine thy conscience, and let Thy conscience be Thy guide." That is why I don't care about the cost to me: I revere the sanctity of life. / Jefferson said, "The God who gave us life also gave us liberty." Today, that second gift -- God's gift of liberty -- is remaking an entire globe. / In Berlin, like Jericho, the walls come tumbling down. / In Barcelona -- ask Mary Lou -- the Summer Games were held without boycotts / without terrorism / without politics. And that's as it should be. // ( (On that score, all of us have Olympic heroes. Mine is Pablo Morales. He's the swimmer who missed out in '84, didn't 3 make the team in '88, then came back this year to earn a gold medal -- at the ripe old age of 27. Let that be a lesson: Youth and inexperience are no match for maturity and determination. )) Over the past three and a half years bayonets have been no match for the righteousness of God. Look to Bulgaria -- where at last people wish Merry Christmas to each other without fear of being labeled religious. / Look to Russia -- where a cathedral once called the All Union Museum of Religion and Atheism now houses God's apostles. / Or the former East Germany -- where Bible Studies are like bluebonnets in spring: They're busting out all over. In a season of Thanksgiving, the world says grace: By God's providence, the Cold War is over -- and America won. // I remember when, six years ago, one of God's great soldiers went to Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. Returning to America, Billy Graham predicted that freedom would outlast tyranny. / The doubters said he'd been tricked -- but Billy knew something they didn't. He knew the chains of oppression forged by men were no match for the keys to Salvation forged by God. // I talked about this with Billy a year ago January, when I asked him to stay at the White House the night before our troops started Desert Storm. I thought a lot that night. About the thousands of people praying at churches. About my home church - - St. Martin's -- its prayer books, crosses, and hand-made Christmas cards made in Sunday school for our troops in the Gulf. I thought about the troops themselves -- the finest sons and daughters any Nation could ever have. / And of how blessed 4 Barbara and I were to have Billy and Ruth as friends for many years. I was counting recently: Between us, we have 10 kids and 32 grandkids. ((Now, that's the kind of expansion that makes even the Federal bureaucracy jealous.) )) / I know how a third gift of God's -- family -- can lift America. I can no more imagine a life without family than I can a universe without love. Last night you saw my best friend on television. I'll let her explain why family matters so. "At the end of your life," she's said, "you will never forget not having passed one more test, not winning one more verdict, not closing one more deal. You will regret time not spent with a husband, a child, a friend, or a parent.' // No wonder America loves Barbara Bush. // Barbara knows that kids, quoting Art Linkletter, say not only the funniest but most insightful things -- especially about religion. / ( (Once a Sunday school teacher started talking about the story of Jonah and the Whale. She asked what the story showed. A small boy raised his hand. "I know, he said. "People make whales sick. ") ) // Each of us asks God daily to make lives well. We act through the greatest of God's gifts -- yes, prayer. / Something's wrong when kids can get condoms at school but can't say a prayer. / That's why I oppose the recent Supreme Court ruling outlawing voluntary prayer at school events --- and why I say: If the Supreme Court won't act to reverse this ruling -- Congress must and I will. / 5 If Congress can raise its pay in a midnight session / if Congress can create National Tap Dance Day / if Congress can spend time debating Vanna White's appearance on the Home Shopping Network -- surely, Congress can allow our kids to thank Almighty God. / So today I call on Congress to pass a Constitutional Amendment allowing voluntary prayer in our classrooms. Let's bring the Faith of our Fathers back to our schools. // I have been President for three and a half years now. More than ever, I believe with all my heart that one cannot be President of the United States without a belief in God -- without the truth that comes on one's knees. / For me, prayer has always been important but quite personal -- you know us Episcopalians. / Yet it has sustained me at every point of my life. / As a boy, when religious reading was part of our home life. / As a teenager, when I memorized the Navy Hymn. / Or how, fifty years ago, aboard the submarine Finback after being shot down in the War, I went on deck at night, stood watch on the tower, and looked out at the dark. / The sky was clear. The stars were brilliant -- like a blizzard of fireflies in the night. There was calm, inner peace -- God's therapy. / How, given that, could I forget the One through whom all things are possible? I can't. That's why the 1988 morning after Election Day -- my son, George W., said a prayer -- we held a worship service at St. Martin's. / God's peace sustained me then -- as it has in every hour as your President. // 6 I've tried to ask God, as the book of Micah says, "to [let me] act just" -- to be worthy of America in war and peace. Like a lot of people I've always worried about showing tears in public -- the emotion. That's all faded in the past three and a half years. I remember Barbara and I praying at Camp David before the Air War began -- we thought about those young men and women overseas. I felt the tears streaming down my cheeks. Our minister -- Claude Payne -- smiled back. And I no longer worried about how I looked to others. // What matters in prayer is not how it looks to others -- but how it looks to God. How -- like life, family, and liberty -- prayer can build peace among Nations. Creating a world where we say to each child: "Someone loves you, and knows your name. II This month, I got a letter from a little girl, age . Joy - Vaughn -- lives in Mesa, Arizona. Her brother is a missionary. / She wrote: "I just have to tell you that I am proud of you. " / Be stout of heart, she added. "God is in charge. " // Joy -- what truth from the mouths of babes: As we begin this great crusade, God is in charge. / We know that while God can live without man -- man cannot live without God. // So pray not for me alone -- but for the Family called America. Thank you, God bless you, and God bless the most wondrous land on earth -- the United States / of America. # # # #