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Chattanooga, Tennessee 9/29/92 [OA 7581]
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Chattanooga, Tennessee 9/29/92 [OA 7581]
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Records of the White House Office of Speechwriting (George H. W. Bush Administration)
Speech Backup Chronological Files
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Originally Processed With FOIA(s):
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S
S
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MARKER
This is not a textual record. This is used as an
administrative marker by the George Bush Presidential
Library Staff.
Record Group/Collection: George H.W. Bush Presidential Records
Collection/Office of Origin:
Speechwriting, White House Office of
Series:
Speech File Backup Files
Subseries:
Chron File, 1989-1993
OA/ID Number:
13836
Folder ID Number:
13836-002
Folder Title:
Chattanooga, Tennessee 9/29/92 [OA 7581]
Stack:
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Section:
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G
26
23
1
5
284
EAST TENNESSEE
EAST TENNESSEE
285
CHATTANOOGA
that means "rock that comes to a point," believed to be a reference to
Nestled in a valley and surrounded by steep ridges, Chattanooga has
Lookout Mountain, which dominates the skyline.
served as a crossroads since prehistoric days. A number of Indian
During the Civil War, Chattanooga was important because four
trails converged at this site along the Tennessee River, and white trade
major rail lines converged here, and it was considered the gateway
routes followed these ancient paths. After the influx of settlers into
to the Deep South. The town changed hands several times. Union
East Tennessee, Chief Dragging Canoe and his followers declared war
victories in the Chattanooga area during the autumn of 1863 caught
on the whites. They broke away from the Cherokee tribe and estab-
the country's imagination when the struggle for the fog-laden
lished themselves near Chattanooga. Known as the Chickamauga,
heights of Lookout Mountain was dubbed the "Battle Above the
they waged war throughout the frontier region until 1794, when they
Clouds" by journalists. Observed Ulysses S. Grant, "The battle of
were crushed and their village destroyed. A ferry established along
Lookout Mountain is one of the romances of the war
it is all
the Tennessee River in the opening years of the nineteenth century
poetry." Grant's success at Chattanooga led to his promotion to lieu-
came to be known as Ross's Landing, for the Cherokee-Scottish family
tenant general and commander in chief of the U.S. armies.
who operated it; when the federal government ordered the removal
At the close of the war, the town was extremely anxious to
of the Cherokee in 1838, the landing became an embarkation point
rebuild its shattered economy. In December 1868 the following mes-
for the Indians on their way west. In that same year the town's name
sage appeared on the front page of the Daily Republican: WANTED
was changed to Chattanooga, possibly a corruption of a Creek word
IMMEDIATELY ANY NUMBER OF CARBET-BAGGERS TO COME TO CHAT-
TANOOGA AND SETTLE. The ad went on to extol the city's virtues and
inform interested parties that "those who wish to come can be
assured they will not be required to renounce their political and reli-
gious tenets, as the jurisdiction of the Ku Klux and other vermin
does not extend over these parts."
A number of industries, including iron and coal, contributed to
the town's postwar recovery. In 1899 a new business, destined for
international success, was born in the city when two enterprising
lawyers along with Benjamin Franklin, Tomas and Joseph
Whitehead hit upon the idea of bottling Coca-Cola, a drink that had
previously been available only at soda fountains. Downtown, along
the Tennessee River, is the site of Ross's Landing (Riverfront
Parkway), now a city park. The Chattanooga Regional History
Museum (400 Chestnut Street, 615-265-3247), housed in a 1910
school building, features exhibits on the city and the surrounding
region from prehistoric times to the present. The Tivoli Theater
(709 Broad Street, 615-757-5048), constructed in 1921, has under-
gone an extensive renovation and is now a cultural center.
The Dome Building (Georgia and East 8th streets, private) was
built in 1891 as the headquarters of the Chattanooga Times, a newspa-
per owned by Adolph S. Ochs, who later purchased the struggling
New York Times, which he built into one of the country's most
The vista from Lookout Mountain in Chattanooga National Military Park. Because
respected papers. Chattanooga's Southern Railway terminal was
the slope was so steep, the Confederate guns on the top of the mountain could not be
aimed down on the attacking Federals.
built in the Beaux-Arts style between 1906 and 1909 and is now a
hotel known as the Chattanooga Choo-Choo (1400 Market Street).
09-28-92 11:49AM FROM PEP INC
P01
Post-It brand
Fax Transmittal Memo 7672
No.ofPages
To
5
Today's Date
Matthew Sculley
9.28
Time
From
Company
OSCAR BROCK
White House
Company
Location
The CHAMBER
Wash. DC
Fex #
202 456-7044
Telephone #
Location Chattanoga
Dept. Charge
202 456-6605
Fax (615)752-4322
Telephone
#
Comments
Original
(615) 756-2515 x137
Disposition:
Destroy
Return
Call for pickup
Photo Copy Preservation
Chattanooga
A City Worth Watching
The Chattanooga News Bureau
Contact: Sally Hekkers
For Resource and Reference Use
756-2121,
Ext. 142
CHATTANOOGA: BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Chattanooga, a city of 152,466, is located in a valley in southeastern
Tennessee between the Appalachian and the Cumberland mountain ranges.
The city is situated along the Tennessee River, one of the great river systems
in the United States. The Metropolitan Statistical Area population is 433,210.
ABOUT THE AREA:
Chattanooga's recorded history spans 450 years. In June, 1540, the
Spanish expedition of Hernando De Soto passed through the area. In 1663 the
British established the colony of Carolina which included all of the Tennessee
country; at the same time, the French from the Mississippi Valley also
claimed the land. About 1769, a crude structure known as the "Old French
Store" was established, most likely on Williams Island, marking the first
white settlement in the area. England gained undisputed title to the territory
in 1763 at the end of the French and Indian War.
The Chickamauga Indians, a splinter group of Cherokee, moved to the
South Chickamauga Creek villages in 1777; they resisted white settlement and
cooperated with the British during the American Revolution. Frontiersmen
destroyed the Chickamauga villages in 1779. In 1782 on the slopes of Lookout
Mountain, the Indians engaged the frontiersmen who had destroyed their
villages in 1779. This confrontation has become known as the "last battle of
the American Revolution." However, in 1785, the United States government
took control of Indian affairs.
EARLY CHATTANOOGA HISTORY:
Tennessee became the 16th state in 1796; Indian lands made up about
three-fourths of the region, including the Chattanooga area. Ross's Landing
was established in 1816 as a trading post on the banks of the Tennessee River
by Chief John Ross, leader of the Cherokee nation. Chattanooga became a
center of education and culture for the Indians when the Brainerd Mission
was created in 1817. Hamilton County was established in 1819 on land north
of the Tennessee River. With the Cherokee removal in 1838, the county
expanded south of the river.
Chattanooga News Bureau
1001 Market Street
Chattanooga, TN 37402
615-756-2121
SEP 28 '92 10:23
FAX 615-752-4322
615 752 4322 PAGE 001
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Chattanooga: Background Information
Page 2
During 1837-1838, the "Trail of Tears," considered one of the most
shameful episodes in American history, occurred. As a result of a treaty from
a disputed land sale, the Cherokee were driven from their homes in several
southeastern states and were assembled at various camps, including Ross's
Landing, for expulsion to Oklahoma. Forced on a harsh journey through
wilderness and bad weather, more than 8,000 of the 16,000 died along the way
or upon arrival as a result of the strenuous trip.
The settlement's name was changed from Ross's Landing to
Chattanooga by the United States Post Office in 1838. While the origin of the
city's name is uncertain, some say the name was an Indian expression
describing the "rock that comes to a point," or Lookout Mountain.
Legislation establishing Chattanooga and its boundaries was passed in 1839.
CIVIL WAR ACTIVITIES:
Rail transportation began in Chattanooga in the 1850s with connections
to other cities being built by the Western & Atlantic, Nashville &
Chattanooga, Memphis & Charleston and East Tennessee and Georgia
railroads. At the beginning of the Civil War, Chattanooga's population was
about 2,500. While Chattanoogans supported secession, Hamilton County as
a whole voted to remain in the Union. Hamilton County became one of the
key battlegrounds of the war with both the Confederate and Union armies
attempting to keep possession of the railway hub.
Union soldiers, under Gen. William Rosecrans, marched into
Chattanooga in September, 1863, intent on holding the key railroad center.
The Battle of Chickamauga occurred on September 19-20, 1863; the Battle of
Lookout Mountain, also known as the "Battle Above the Clouds," on
November 24; and the Battle of Missionary Ridge on November 25. In the
last battle, the Confederate defenses were broken and the southerners began
their retreat into Georgia. Confederate Gen. D. H. Hill remarked,
"Chattanooga sealed the fate of the Confederacy."
In November, 1863, the nation's first National Cemetery was
established in Chattanooga. Of the 12,000 Union soldiers buried here, 5,000
are unknown. The cemetery contains a total of 31,000 graves (one
Revolutionary War soldier and soldiers from the Civil War, World War I,
World War II and Viet Nam). Most Confederate soldiers are buried in
Confederate Cemetery in Chattanooga.
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Chattanooga: Background Information
Page 3
CHATTANOOGA PROGRESSES:
After the Civil War, the city continued to progress. In March, 1867, the
largest flood on record -- 56.8 feet - washed away the city's only bridge
spanning the Tennessee River. Chattanooga was without a bridge until 1891
when the Walnut Street Bridge opened.
Highlights of the 19th Century included: the first issue of The
Chattanooga Times (later acquired by Adolph Ochs) was published in 1869;
the public school system was created in 1872; an epidemic of Yellow Fever in
1878 claimed 366 lives; telephone service began in 1880; and the first electric
lights were introduced in 1882.
As Chattanooga's rail destinations increased so did the push to develop
the area's mineral and timber resources. Development of a wide range of
products as well as a growing number of people visiting the city set the basis
for two of the industries on which the community still thrives - manu-
facturing and tourism. In 1899, Chattanooga became the site of the first
franchised Coca-Cola bottling plant.
A NEW CENTURY:
Early in the 20th Century, a boom in downtown area construction
occurred and "skyscrapers" such as the James Building went up. The
Hamilton County Courthouse, struck by lightning and destroyed in 1910, was
rebuilt; the Market Street Bridge was dedicated (1917); and airport facilities
opened at Lovell Field (1930).
The Tennessee Valley Authority was created by the United States
Congress (1933). Construction of the Chickamauga Dam -- TVA's most
dramatic plan - began in 1936 with formal dedication taking place on
operations. September 2, 1940. In 1941, Chattanooga became the center for all TVA power
Communities began to develop around the city, first on Cameron Hill
and then Riverview, Lookout Mountain and Signal Mountain -- all popular
residential destinations for the wealthy. Middle class communities
developed in Brainerd, East Ridge and Red Bank.
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Chattanooga: Background Information
Page 4
On the music scene, Bessie Smith, who would become known as the
"Empress of the Blues," began her career singing for coins on Chattanooga's
streets. In 1923, she made a name for herself when Columbia Records
released "Down Hearted Blues." In 1941, the Glenn Miller Orchestra recorded
"Chattanooga Choo Choo," earning the first gold record awarded in the
recording industry. The big band song became a favorite tune throughout the
country and has helped keep Chattanooga on the map.
SINCE THE MID-1950s:
The need to respond to a growing city led to the construction of several
major bridges across the Tennessee River in addition to the existing Walnut
Street and Market Street bridges. The Wilkes T. Thrasher Bridge across
Chickamauga Dam opened in 1955; the Olgiati Bridge was dedicated in 1959;
the C.B. Robinson Bridge in 1981; and the Veterans Bridge in 1984.
Milestones over the past 40-plus years include desegregation of the
Chattanooga and Hamilton County school systems (1962) and discontinuing
railroad passenger service (1971) when the last train left Union Station.
Out of this history Chattanooga has grown to be a city with potential. A
few of the current growth areas are recreation, tourism, the arts, industry,
corporate headquarters, wholesale and distribution facilities, transportation
and convention and meeting facilities.
Trade and commerce are an important part of the city's history.
Chattanooga has become home to Provident Life and Accident Insurance
Company, Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Tennessee, Olan Mills, Constar
International, Dixie Yarns, Chattem, Inc. and North American Royalties.
Chattanooga is not only home to the first franchised Coca-Cola bottling plant,
invented and Moon Pies are manufactured.
it is also the city where Brock Candy was first made, Little Debbie pastries were
RENAISSANCE ON THE RIVER:
Chattanooga is experiencing a renaissance on the Tennessee River with
a fresh focus on riverfront development and downtown redevelopment. As
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Chattanooga: Background Information
Page 5
a result of a 1983 report issued by the Moccasin Bend Task Force, the RiverCity
Company was formed in 1986 to promote, encourage and assist economic
development along 22 miles of river frontage and the central business district.
The Chattanooga Neighborhood Enterprise housing program was
founded in 1986 to serve two purposes: (1) to make housing affordable for
local residents, and (2) to eliminate substandard housing as a major problem.
The Tennessee Aquarium broke ground in 1988. Considered the
linchpin of riverfront development, the $45 million aquarium - -- the largest
freshwater facility in the country - opened May 1, 1992. The educational and
entertainment center is expected to draw 650,000 visitors annually. The
aquarium is located at Ross's Landing Park and Plaza, the site of a four-acre
environmental art park operated by the city.
Historic preservation is a revered concept in Chattanooga. Two major
entertainment facilities, the Tivoli Theatre and Soldiers and Sailors
Memorial Auditorium, have been completely refurbished and are listed on
the Register of Historic Places. The Walnut Street Bridge is being renovated
as the nation's largest pedestrian parkway and construction crews are busy
bringing the Bessie Smith Hall (which will also house the Chattanooga
African-American Museum) to life. Both projects will be completed in 1992.
Social progress continues in Chattanooga. A new city council form of
government was mandated by the federal court in 1990, promising fair racial
representation. The Chattanooga and Hamilton County school districts,
while suffering severe budget cuts, continue to make strides as nationally
recognized schools of excellence. Allied Arts serves as an umbrella
organization for arts programs and Chattanooga Venture, a community think
tank, introduces new programs to meet the needs of local residents. City and
county governments focus on quality of life issues for local residents.
In mid-1991, an environmental initiative was designed in a citywide
effort to position Chattanooga as an environmental city. The Target '96 plan
follows a major success story which includes cleaning up the city's air
pollution over a 20-year period. The Chattanooga initiative - the first com-
prehensive environmental plan in the country - focuses on education,
business development and community action.
revised:6/92
###
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FORD
'Hicktown' '65, 'Honey Eyed Girl' '69,
top 5 title song and 'Hot Blooded', no. 15
'Happy Songs Of Love' '71. Became nation-
'Blue Morning Blue Day'. By Head Games
al TV personality on College Of Musical
'80, despite two more top 20 singles, even
Knowledge '53, I Love Lucy '54, Daytime
leader/songwriter Jones thought things
Show '55; own variety show '56-61; also film
were becoming 'a little blasé and predict-
River Of No Return '54. Turned to gospel
able': another Brit Rick Wills (ex-Peter
'56 with Hymns, first country LP to sell a
FRAMPTON, ROXY MUSIC, SMALL FACES)
million. Great Gospel Songs '64 won a
had replaced Gagliardi for LP; Greenwood
Grammy. Other LPs incl. This Lusty Land
and McDonald departed soon after; 4 '81
'55, Spirituals '68, 25th Anniversary '74 (2-
showed wisdom of Jones's reshaping of
disc set later reissued as single LPs), Ernie
band, now three-quarters foreign in USA
Sings, Glen Picks '75 with Glen CAMPBELL,
eyes: co-prod. by Jones and AC/DC prod.
all on Capitol; Very Best Of '74 reissued '83
Mutt Lange, mix of hard-edged rock with
on Music For Pleasure UK. Also gospel
melodic songs got the best out of Gramm:
released on Word from late '70s: Swing
'Urgent', with sax solo from Junior WALK-
Wide Your Gate Of Love with the
ER, was USA no. 3, quite their best single
JORDANAIRES, He Touched Me, Tell Me The
for a while; UK new wave keyboardist
Old, Old Story, There's A Song In My Heart.
Thomas DOLBY synthwashed 'Waiting For
Ol' Rockin' Ern reissued on Stetson '87 after
A Girl Like You' to no. 8 UK, their biggest
30 years restores the early boogie hits to the
hit there, and no. 2 USA, where LP topped
catalogue.
chart. Compilation Records '82 preceded
long wait for Agent Provocateur late '84,
FORD, Frankie (b 4 Aug. '39, Gretna, La.)
continuing in less overtly rockish mould of
R&B singer. White teenager selected by
4: lush gospel-tinged choir-backed ballad 'I
New Orleans Ace label for Elvis
Want To Know What Love Is' the outstand-
PRESLEY/Ricky NELSON-type stardom; 'Sea
ing track (and transatlantic no. 1). But "That
Cruise' existing track by Huey 'Piano'
Was Yesterday' becalmed at no. 15 USA;
SMITH and the Clowns: Smith's vocal re-
band may be uncomfortable in AOR vein
moved, Ford's substituted, record made pop
that groups like REO SPEEDWAGON mine
no. 14, R&B no. 11 '59, but success never
more convincingly; further, Gramm public-
repeated. Owns club in New Orleans; has
ly expressed irritation at Jones's method of
toured Europe, USA in '80s pleasing enthu-
working (three years between LPs) and re-
siasts of vintage R&B.
surgence of interest in his former band
Black Sheep: solo projects may fit in, but
FOREIGNER UK/USA AOR supergroup
with multi-million-selling status Foreigners
formed NYC '76 by English expatriate gui-
should not be rash: Inside Information early
tarist Mick Jones (b 27 Dec. '47), who'd
'88 was first prod. entirely by Jones, guests
sessioned in Europe and played with UK
incl. synth wizard Tom Bailey of
heavy rockers SPOOKY TOOTH and Leslie
THOMPSON TWINS.
West band. Joined by fellow Brit Ian
McDonald, multi-instrumentalist late of
FORESTER SISTERS, The USA country-
King Crimson, completing lineup with
rock vocal quartet: Kathy, June, Kim,
Americans Al Greenwood, keyboards (ex-
Christy from Lookout Mountain, Ga. Kathy
Storm), Ed Gagliardi on bass (b 13 Feb. '52,
and June sang in church as children, got
NYC), drummer Dennis Elliott (b 18 Aug.
college degrees, began gigging; Kim joined
'50, London), also ex-Crimson. Lou
'80, soon youngest Christy left college to
Gramm (b 2 May '50, Rochester, NY; ex-
join: they formed their own band, began
Black Sheep) bestowed distinctive whiskey-
exploring songs, harmonies; toured 35 states
soaked vocals, but debut Foreigner '77 basi-
with ALABAMA, Ronnie MILSAP, Ricky
cally workmanlike heavy rock in BAD COM-
Scaggs, John ANDERSON, George JONES,
PANY mould. USA hit singles attested to
others; made demos in Muscle Shoals,
ready market: 'Feels Like The First Time'
signed to WEA: debut single '(That's What
no. 4, 'Cold As Ice' no. 6, 'Long Long Way
You Do) When You're In Love' made no.
From Home' no. 20. Double Vision '78 more
10 in country chart, 'I Fell In Love Again
solid hard rock, offering three more hits:
Last Night' no. 1 same year, The Forrester
426
FORREST
Sisters no. 4 LP all '85; nominated for
'I've Heard That Song Before' no. 1 '43:
Grammy and by ACM as Vocal Group of
handed over to Kitty KALLEN, went solo.
the Year. LP Perfume, Ribbons & Lace '87
Made films Springtime In The Rockies '42,
confirms promise of superb country rock
Bathing Beauty and Two Girls And A Sailor
with a heart: good songs incl. 'Blame It On
'44; sang "Time Waits For No One' in Shine
The Moon' by producers J. L. Wallace and
On Harvest Moon '44, had no. 2 hit with it.
Terry Skinner, 'Back In My Arms Again' by
Teamed that year with Dick HAYMES on
HOLLAND-DOZIER-HOLLAND Third LP
radio show, recorded duets incl. six top 10
You Again late '87 looked like another win-
hits: 'Long Ago And Far Away', 'It Had To
ner.
Be You', 'Together', 'I'll Buy That Dream',
'Oh! What It Seemed To Be' all top 5 '44-6.
FORMBY, George (b George Hoy Booth, 26
Sang 'Out Of Nowhere' in film You Came
May '04, Wigan; d 6 Mar. '61, Penwortham,
Along '45. Less active in '50s; early '60s sang
England) Singing comedian. Son of famous
with Tommy DORSEY Orchestra (led by
Edwardian comedian, jockey at 15, first ap-
Sam Donahue); active on club circuit '70s.
pearance on stage at 17. Played ukelele,
Now And Forever on Stash '83 has backing
sang saucy songs with toothy grin; made 20
from Grady Tate, Frank Wess, Hank JONES,
comedy/musical films '34-46; usually played
George DUVIVIER, others.
amiable dope who got the girl, incl. Keep
Your Seats Please ("The Window Cleaner'),
FORREST, Jimmy (b James Robert Forrest
Feather Your Nest ("Leaning On A Lamp
Jr, 24 Jan. '20, St Louis; d 26 Aug. '80,
Post'), Let George Do It ('Mr Wu's A Win-
Grand Rapids, Mich.) Tenor sax, leader.
dow Cleaner Now', 'Grandad's Flannelette
Played with Fate MARABLE, Jeter-Pillars
Nightshirt'), etc. UK's top male entertainer
'30s; Jay McSHANN, Andy KIRK '40s; Duke
performed for troops worldwide '39-45,
ELLINGTON '49-50. Own R&B band, early
OBE '46. West End debut in Zip Goes A
'50s: scored hit with 'Night Train' (no. 1
Million '51, musical version of G. B.
R&B chart '52) taking composer credit for
McCutcheon's novel Brewster's Millions; left
bluesy Ellington riff ("That's The Blues Old
cast owing to illness, semi-retired. Alan
Man', credited to Johnny HODGES '40;
Randall keeps memory and songs alive
'Happy-Go-Lucky Local' to Duke and son
today; 'Lamp Post' was interpolated into
Mercer c.'46). Duke took philosophical atti-
West End revival of Me And My Girl '85.
tude, at least in public; Forrest took the
Compilations incl. 2-disc Leaning On A
money, having seen commercial value of
Lamp Post '83 on Music For Pleasure; also
tune: every high school band played 'Night
A Chip Off The Old Block '81 on ASV, with
Train'; few would have heard the beautiful
Formbys Sr and Jr.
originals. 'Hey Mrs Jones' also hit '52, both
covered by Buddy MORROW for white mar-
FORREST, Helen (b 12 Apr. '18, Atlantic
ket, 'Jones' without sly lyrics sung by
City, N.J.) Vocalist of big band era: a gifted
Forrest's band. Recorded live with Miles
singer, strong on lyric projection. Sang
DAVIS at Barrelhouse Club St Louis '52;
under various names in early career: Bonnie
single 'Night Train Mambo' '54 on Dot; out
Blue, The Blue Lady, Marlene, etc. With
of music as guest of the authorities mid-
brother's band in Washington DC, then
'50s; played with BASIE mid-'70s; happily
Artie SHAW band '38 following Billie HOLI-
married and retired to Grand Rapids late
DAY: first record with Shaw 'You're A
'70s. R&B hits '51-3 compiled on Delmark
Sweet Little Heartache' on Bluebird. After
LP Night Train. LPs as leader: All The Gin
Shaw junked band, she joined Benny GOOD-
Is Gone, Black Forrest '59 are quintet sets
MAN late '39, stayed till Aug. '41; cut lovely
with Gene Ramey, Elvin JONES, also on
side with Lionel HAMPTON, Nat COLE trio
Delmark; more from these sessions may be
July '40 'I Don't Stand A Ghost Of A
issued. LPs on New Jazz or Prestige incl.
Chance With You'. Hits with Harry JAMES
Forrest Fire!, Out Of The Forrest (with Joe
as Billboard began printing charts: 'I Don't
ZAWINUL), Sit Down And Relax, Most Much
Want To Walk Without You' no. 2, 'He's
'60-1; Soul Street '62 incl. some 9-piece
My Guy' no. 9, 'I Had The Craziest Dream'
tracks dir. by Oliver NELSON. Live Heart Of
no. 1, 'Mister Five By Five' no. 2 (all '42),
The Forrest '78 on Palo Alto made in Alibi
427
P.01
Chattanooga Regional History Museum
400 Chestnut Street
Chattanooga, Tennessee 37402
(615) 265-3247
FAX (615) 266-9280
DATE: Sept. 28,1982
TO: Jennifer GROSS MAN
FAX # CALLED: 202-457-6718
FROM: DAVID ESTABNOOK
Number of pages this transmittal, including cover sheet: 6
COMMENTS:
P.02
CHATTANOOGA CHOO CHOO
Lyric by MACK GORDON
Music by HARRY WARREN
From the Universal-International picture storring
JAMES STEWART JUNE ALLYSON
" The GLENN MILLER STORY"
COLOR BY Technicolor
Songs
MOONLIGHT SERENADE
CHATTANOOGA CHOO CHOO
Leo Feist inc.
PRICE 60 IN U.S.A.
PENNSYLVANIA 6-5000
799 SEVENTH AVENUE NEW YORK 19, N.Y.
P.03
Universal-International Technicolor Picture "THE GLENN MILLER STORY"
2
CHATTANOOGA From the CHOO CHOO
Masic by
HARRY WARREN
Lyric by
MACK GORDON
Moderato (with rhythm)
dim
c
odim
CS
###
Moderato (with rhythm)
Par-don me bey
is that the Chat-taindo-ga Choo-choo,
Track twen-ty-nine,-
7'
mp
c
Dm7
B7
G9
Boy you can gim - me a shine.
C6
Cdimission
1 can af - ford
to board a Chat - to - noo - ga Choochoo,
Copyright 1941 Twentiesh Century Music Corporation, New York, N.Y.
Rights throughout the world controlled by too Fairs, Inc., 799 Seventh Avenue, New York, N.Y.
7302-4
Made in U.S. À
International Capyright Secured
All Rights Reserved Including Public Parformance For Frofit
Any arrangement or adoptation of this composition without the consent of the owner is of infringement of copyright
Extended Page
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7302-4
BING CROSBY FAVORITE SONGS
30 YEARS - 30 HITS No. 1
Words and Music Complete
with Gultar Chords
Containing: TEMPTATION, SHOULD 1, SLEEPY TIME GAL, ROSE ROOM,
A fabulous tong telle Including: AT SUNDOWN, JOSEPHINE,
PAGAM LOVE SONG, DON'T KNOW WHY, I'M AN OAD COWHAND,
PARKTOWN STRUTTERS' BALL, DON'T BLAME ME, Hote ME,
A SONG OF 060 HAWAN, I'M IN THE MOOD FOR LOVE
CRIED FOR YOU, I DON'T KNOW WHY, ONES IN A WHILE,
SWINGIN' DOWN THE LANE and 19 others. Prices $1.75
MAYBE, SWEET AND LOVELY and 20 others.
Price $1.25
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Aug person who withoully and for profit copies the whole or
Crissinal Prosecution under the United States Copyright Lowe.
you
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me
home.
WARNINGH may part of the Wards or Name of this song. shell be liable to
7
7302-4
Y
LES PAUL AND MARY FORD SONG FOLIO
CAVALCADE OF SONG HITS
2) world-wide songe relected and foctured by Les Paul and Mary Ford,
complete with words and Inutic Including chards. Contains
As acceptions) collection of X his sengs. Complete who words, and
GOORGE, LITTLE ROCK QUAWAY, TOTAL RAO, WANG WANG BLUES,
and guiter chorch. factudes MY SHARE WEAVEN, SLEEPT WHEN DAL
JOSEPHING, STUMBLING, BARKIOWN STRUTTERS' DAEL, etc.
M-O-T-H-E-R, PARADISE, over THE SAINBOW, STATEMARKS,
Prior $1.28
LIMBER AWMILE, DEDSY OWNIL etc.
Price $1.35
215
TENNESSEE
1862, led to the early capture of Corinth,
and maps plot the course of the action. A
Mississippi, and of Memphis, and helped
national cemetery within the park contains
the North to gain control of the Mississippi
the graves of more than 3,000 soldiers
River from Cairo, Illinois, to the Gulf of
killed during the fray. NR. Open June-
Mexico. A tour of the battlefield should
Labor Day, daily 8-6; Labor Day-May,
begin at the visitor center, where exhibits
daily 8-5. Free. (901) 689-5275.
Historic Accommodations
An asterisk (*) indicates that meals are served.
Chattanooga
Three Chimneys is decorated with Vic-
torian furniture and artifacts.
CHATTANOOGA CHOO-CHOO HILT-
ON INN, 1400 Market St., 37402. (615)
Memphis
266-5000. Open all year. An 85-foot-high
skylit dome is the centerpiece of Chat-
THE PEABODY, 149 Union Ave.,
tanooga's Terminal Station (1908), now
38103. (901) 529-4100. Open all year.
converted into a fine hotel. (See historical
The opulent Italian Renaissance Revival
listing.) NR.*
Peabody was completed in 1925, and
quickly gained a reputation as the most
elegant hotel in the South. Recently
Gatlinburg
restored and refurbished after years of
neglect, it is noted for its permanent
BUCKHORN INN, Tudor Mountain
residents- a family of ducks- which wad-
Rd., 37738. (615) 436-4668. Open all
dle across to the central fountain in the lob-
year. Near the entrance to Great Smoky
by each morning. NR.*
Mountains National Park, and with its
own tranquil lake, the Buckhorn Inn
Nashville
(1938) and cottages, all furnished with an-
tiques offer a peaceful respite.
THE HERMITAGE, 231 6th Ave., N,
37219. (615) 244-3131. Open all year.
Knoxville
Preservationists recently saved this
10-story Beaux-Arts landmark (1910)
THREE CHIMNEYS OF KNOXVILLE,
from the bulldozers. It has been painstak-
1302 White Ave., 37916. (615) 521-4970.
ingly refurbished, and is once again a first-
A lovely old Queen Anne residence (1896),
class hotel. NR.*
East Tennessee
The roots of Tennessee are deeply embed-
ded in the mountainous terrain known to
locals as "First Tennessee." Davy
Crockett's grandparents were among the
pioneers of the area, and it was here that
the first capital of the Territory of the
United States South of the River Ohio was
established in the late-18th century.
Pioneer forts and log houses are among the
eastern section's many historic attractions;
more sophisticated dwellings, dating from
the latter part of the 19th century, can be
found in the cosmopolitan centers of Chat-
tanooga and Knoxville.
mous Beaux Arts structure, Terminal Sta-
Byrdstown vicinity
tion was completed in 1908 at a then-
staggering cost of $1.5 million. In recent
CORDELL HULL BIRTHPLACE, 1.2
years imaginative renovation has turned
miles S. on TN 42, 19th century. Member
the domed building into a hotel, restau-
of the Tennessee legislature, U.S. con-
rants, shops, and exhibits featuring the
gressman, and secretary of state for eleven
great age of rail travel. You can even ride a
years (1933-44), Cordell Hull is best re-
trolley! NR. Open daily. (615) 266-5000.
membered for his support of the United
Nations, for which he was awarded the
HOUSTON ANTIQUE MUSEUM, 201
Nobel Peace Prize. The rude log cabin
High St., 1898. An elaborately-decorated
where Hull was born has been recon-
Victorian-era building houses Tiffany
structed; a nearby museum houses a collec-
glass, 19th-century decorative arts and
tion of memorabilia relating to the
furniture, pewter, porcelains, dolls, and
statesman. NR. Open late May-Labor
pottery. Open Tu-Sa 10-4:30, Su 2-4:30.
Day, daily 10-6. Free. (615) 864-3247.
$1.50 adults, 75c children.
(615) 267-7176.
Chattanooga
HUNTER MUSEUM OF ART, Bluff
Sprawled in the Tennessee River's
View, 1904. A superb Georgian Revival
Mocassin Bend, and surrounded by moun-
mansion perched high above the Tennessee
tains on three sides, Chattanooga is one of
River is the repository for the Chattanooga
Tennessee's liveliest industrial centers. Re-
Art Association's extensive collection of
mains of the city's first heavy industry, the
American painting, drawing and sculp-
East Tennessee Iron Manufacturing Com-
ture. The collection, which ranges over
pany Blast Furnace (c. 1854), can still be
three centuries, is housed both in the man-
seen downtown in Bluff City Park (NR).
sion, once owned by Coca-Cola magnate
Nearby Lookout Mountain (which see)
George Thomas Hunter, and in an adjoin-
was the site of a bloody three-day battle,
ing modern annex. NR. Open Tu-Sa 10-
one of the major engagements of the Civil
4:30, Su 1-4:30. Donations accepted.
War. On the lighter side, Chattanooga is
(615) 267-0968.
justly proud of its famous "choo-choo,"
LOOKOUT MOUNTAIN, Ochs Hwy.
and throughout the city are exhibits which
and Scenic Hwy. Certainly the most
no railroad buff will want to miss.
breathtaking way to reach the top of
CHATTANOOGA CHOO-CHOO, Ter-
Lookout Mountain, which towers over the
minal Station, 1400 Market St. An enor-
city, is via the Lookout Mountain Incline,
201
203
EAST TENNESSEE
202
lands Visitor Center. located south of person
TENNESSEE VALLEY RAILROAD MU-
SEUM, 2202 N. Chamberlain Ave.
Gatlinburg at the interse of the New-
nishi
Several miles of track, four railroad
found Gap and Little River should be
(615
bridges, and historic Cumberland Tunnel
your first stop for maps. befores, and in-
In the
formation about the trails rempgrounds,
which cuts through Missionary Ridge, are
of they
historical attractions. 232 recreational
part of this vast railroad museum. A repli-
small
facilities available in this SIC-square-mile
ca of a turn-of-the-century depot, old
state
pullman cars, mail cars, dining cars, ca-
preserve, which is located = both Ten-
Revenue
nessee and North Caroina which see).
booses-most dating from the early 1900s
led the
-are still in operation. You can hop
Open May-Oct, daily 8-7:50: Nov-Apr,
lina in
aboard for a ride through the tunnel (45
daily 8-4:30. Free. (615 436-5615.
years
Cades Cove, located abortwenty miles
minutes), have lunch in a dining car built in
Tenner
southwest of the visitor IS an exten-
1926, and tour luxurious Pullman cars
has be
sive museum complex whose buildings-
from the heyday of railroading. All
log de
aboard! NR. Open late May-early Oct, Sa
gristmill, log homesteads. Statesmith shop
capitor
-date from a settlement established in the
10-5, Su 1-5 and by appointment. $2
build
adults, $1 children. (615) 622-5908.
early 19th century. The shrapiece is the
20th
John P. Cable Mill (1868 whose water-
Cumberland Gap National
powered wheel is still operating. Samples
Harr
of stone-ground cornmes an be pur-
Historic Park (see Kentucky)
chased daily during the summer. Buildings
ABRA
are furnished with rustic Appalachian
coln
Dayton
pieces, and spinning and wearing demon-
25E.
strations are presented. NR. Open Apr-
ed this
RHEA COUNTY COURTHOUSE,
Oct, daily 9-5. Free. (615 43-5615.
Market St. at 2nd Ave., 1890-91. William
of a de
Jennings Bryan and Clarence Darrow met
during
3917 St. Elmo Ave., constructed as a
at this brick courthouse in 1925 to do legal
establ
Greeneville
tourist attraction in 1895. Cable cars rise
battle over John Scopes, a Dayton high
has gn
more than 2,000 feet on double track. NR:
school teacher \accused of teaching the
ANDREW JOHNSON NATIONAL
items
Open June-Labor Day daily 9 am-9:30
Darwinian theory of evolution in violation
HISTORIC SITE, Depot and College Sts.,
to the
pm; otherwise 9-6. Round trip $3 adults,
of a Tennessee statute which forbade the
19th century. Before succeeding to the
10-6;
$2.25 children 6-12. (615) 821-4224.
teaching of "any theory other than of the
presidency upon the assassmation of
Su 1-4
Chickamauga and Chattanooga National
divine creation of man as taught in the Bi-
Abraham Lincoln in 1865. Andrew John-
75c cl
Military Park, which spreads across the
ble." The resulting "Monkey" trial became
son had had a varied career. He began as a
one of the most famous in American his-
mountain into Georgia, is accessible from
tailor, then became an alderman mayor of
Jeffer
the incline railway or by car; some of the
tory. NR. Open M-Tu, Th-F 8-4:30, W,
Greeneville, state legislator. U.S. senator,
Civil War battle sites within the park, such
Sa 8-12. Free. (615) 775-0185.
and finally vice president. The small frame
GLEN
as Missionary Ridge, where Sherman's at-
tailor shop and two-story brick house he
Roper
Elizabethton
tack was repeatedly stymied by Confed-
owned have been restored. and contain
menta
ginia,
erate forces, are somewhat far afield. The
SYCAMORE SHOALS STATE HISTOR-
missio
assault on Lookout Mountain was a key
IC AREA, US 321, 18th-20th centuries. A
Empir
engagement in the Battle of Chattanooga;
reconstructed fort, including a stockade
of the
the Ochs Museum within the park should
and five log buildings, stands on the site of
Victor
be your first stop for information about the
one of the earliest settlements in the Ap-
NR. o
course of the battle and its effect on the
palachian foothills. Members of the 1770s
pointr
war. The fiercest fighting on the mountain
settlement called themselves the Watauga
took place at the Cravens House, an ante-
Association, and were ruled by an early
John
bellum home which has been restored, and
written constitution. Open daily 8-5. Free.
where further information about the con-
(615) 543-5808.
ROCI
flict is available. Cravens House is open
11E,
Mar-Nov, M-Sa 9-5, Su 1-5. 50c adults;
Gatlinburg vicinity
from
free to children under 16. The park is open
large
May-Sept, daily 9-8, otherwise daily 9-6.
GREAT SMOKY MOUNTAINS NA-
West.
Free. (615) 821-7786.
TIONAL PARK , US 441. The Sugar-
Holidays
Brunei
Constitution Day
Commemorates the
promulgation of the
constitution, 1959.
Paraguay
September 29
Battle of Boqueron Day
Religious Calendar
Feasts
St. Michael and All the Angels. Commonly called
Michaelmas Day. Feast originated in the sixth cen-
tury. [major holy day, Episcopal Church; minor festi-
val, Lutheran Church]
Birthdates
1547
Miguel de Cervantes (Saavedra), Spanish
Boston, and Harvard University Law
novelist, dramatist, poet; nicknamed The
School. [d. April 27, 1886]
Handless One because of injury to his left
1865
hand. Author of Don Quixote, the bur-
Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell, British nov-
lesque novel of a country lord and his
elist; wrote about life in the manufacturing
squire and their chivalric misadventures.
cities of the English Midlands; biographer
[d. April 23, 1616]
of Charlotte Brontë. [d. November 12, 1865]
1871
1640
Antoine Coysevox, French sculptor; noted
Gerardo Machado y Morales, Cuban pa-
for his sculptural decorations at Versailles
triot, president 1924-33. [d. March 29, 1939]
and his busts of such prominent figures as
Emma Wold, U.S. lawyer, reformer; wom-
King Louis XIV, Richelieu, Mazarin, and
en's rights activist. [d. July 21, 1950]
Condé. [d. October 10, 1720]
1896
Jolie Gabor (Jancsi Tilleman), Hungarian-
1703
François Boucher, French painter, tapes-
born mother of Eva, Magda, and Zsa Zsa
try and porcelain designer and engraver; a
Gabor.
favorite of Madame Pompadour; known for
1897
Herbert (Sebastian) Agar, U.S. journalist,
his historical and pastoral painting. [d.
author; Pulitzer Prize in history, 1933; after
May 30, 1770]
World War II, lived in London. [d. Novem-
1725
Robert Clive, Baron Clive of Plassey,
ber 24, 1980]
English administrator, soldier; obtained
1901
Enrico Fermi, U.S. physicist born in Italy;
sovereignty over Bengal for East India
pioneer in research on man-made nucle-
Company; his governorship of India, 1758-
ar chain reaction; Nobel Prize in physics
59, was marked by corruption. Committed
for work on radioactive elements, includ-
suicide after dishonorable return to En-
ing artificial ones produced by neutron
gand. [d. November 22, 1774]
bombardment, 1938. [d. November 28,
1758
Viscount Horatio Nelson, British naval
1954]
hero; won great victories in wars with Rev-
1907
(Orvon) Gene Autry, U.S. actor, business
olutionary and Napoleonic France; recog-
executive; known as The Singing Cowboy,
nized for conspicuous bravery at Battle of
starred in over 80 Westerns, 1934-54.
Cape St. Vincent, 1797; defeated Danish
fleet at Copenhagen; most famous for de-
1908
Greer Garson, U.S. actress; Academy
feat of French fleet at Trafalgar, 1805. [d.
Award for Mrs. Miniver, 1942.
October 21, 1805]
1910
Virginia Bruce, U.S. actress of the 1930s. [d.
1838
Henry Hobson Richardson, U.S. archi-
February 24, 1982]
tect, noted for his neo-Romanesque style;
1912
Michelangelo Antonioni, Italian film di-
examples of his work are Trinity Church,
rector, scriptwriter, noted for his surrealis-
718
The Saints
Blessed Guillelmus Courtet, Michael de Aozaraza,
SS. Rhipsime, Gaiana, and their Companions, vir-
Vincentius Schiwozuka, Laurentius Ruiz and
gins and martyrs. Protomartyrs of the Armenian
Lazarus de Kyoto, the Martyrs of Nagasaki. [beati-
Church. Rhipsime also called Arepsima, [d. C. 312]
fied 1981]
St. Theodata, martyr. [d. c. 318]
The Beatified
Blessed Richard of Hampole, hermit. Also called
Richard Rolle. [d. 1349]
Blessed Charles of Blois. [d. 1364]
(Continues. .)
tic films such as The Red Desert, Zambris-
ciated with Mel Brooks' films including
kie Point, Blow Up.
Young Frankenstein and Blazing Saddles.
1913
Stanley Kramer, U.S. producer, director;
Jean-Luc Ponty, French composer, violin-
noted for his production of such classics
ist; jazz, rock, and fusion musician who
as Death of a Salesman, High Noon, and
popularized the use of violin in jazz.
The Caine Mutiny.
1943
Lech Walesa, Polish labor leader, political
1916
Trevor (Wallace) Howard, British actor. [d.
figure; founder of Solidarity union; leader
January 7, 1988]
of the political opposition to the Commun-
1920
Peter Mitchell, British chemist; Nobel
ist Party; Nobel Peace Prize, 1983.
Prize in chemistry for study of energy re-
1948
Bryant Charles Gumbel, U.S. broadcast
ception of human cells, 1978.
journalist; hosted NBC Sports, 1975-82;
1922
Lizabeth Scott (Emma Matzo), U.S. actress;
Emmy Awards, 1976, 1977; host of the televi-
appeared in the film, You Came Along,
sion series, Today Show, 1982-
1945.
1956
Sebastian Coe, British distance runner.
1925
John Goodwin Tower, U.S. politician, poli-
tical scientist; Senator, 1961-85.
1927
Paul N. McCloskey, Jr., U.S. politician,
Historical Events
lawyer; Congressman, 1967-83.
1829
Robert Peel remodels London police,
1931
James Cronin, U.S. physicist; Nobel Prize
henceforth known as bobbies.
in physics (with Val Fitch), 1980.
1833
King Ferdinand VII of Spain dies and his
Anita Ekberg, Swedish actress; films
wife becomes regent for their infant
include La Dolce Vita and Boccaccio '70;
daughter, Isabella II.
called the Ice Maiden.
1868
Queen Isabella II of Spain flees to France
1933
Samora Machel, President, People's Re-
in the wake of a revolution and is declared
public of Mozambique, 1975-
deposed.
1935
Jerry Lee Lewis, U.S. musician; one of the
1879
A proclamation of the British government
early rock stars.
declares the Transvaal in South Africa a
1939
Larry Lavon Linville, U.S. actor; known for
British Territory.
his role as Frank Burns on the television
1911
Italy declares war on Turkey over Tripoli
series, M*A*S*H*, 1972-77.
and Cyrenaica.
1942
Madeline Gail Kahn, U.S. actress; Academy
1913
Fuller Brush Co. is incorporated in Con-
Award nominee for Paper Moon; often asso-
necticut.
(Continues. .)
719
Kevin (202) 494 - 9862
Hant
1918
The British pierce the Hindenburg Line of
1986
The Soviet Union releases U.S. reporter,
German defense between Cambrai and St.
Nicholas Daniloff, who had been arrested
Quentin in the final offensive of World
one month earlier on charges of espio-
War I.
nage.
1938
European leaders sign the Munich Pact,
allowing Germany to occupy Sudetenland
in exchange for peace in Europe.
1948
Lawrence Olivier's film version of Shakes-
peare's Hamlet premieres in New York.
1950
General Douglas MacArthur, on behalf of
the UN command, hands over the city of
Seoul to President Syngman Rhee of the
Republic of Korea.
1953
The Danny Thomas Show makes its televi-
sion debut.
1964
Roman Catholic Church's Ecumenical
Council approves admission of married
men to the deaconate.
1970
The New American Bible is published by
St. Anthony Guild Press. It represents the
first English translation of a Roman Catholic
bible.
1972
China and Japan agree to end the legal
state of war existing between them since
1937 and to establish diplomatic relations.
1978
Pope John Paul I dies after a reign of only
34 days.
1979
China condemns the Cultural Revolution
of 1966-69.
Equatorial Guinea executes deposed Presi-
dent Macias Nquema after a trial attended
by international observers.
1981
The U.S. federal debt ceiling is raised to $1
trillion.
1983
Lady Mary Donaldson is elected as the first
woman Lord Mayor of London in the 800-
year history of the position.
720
Sept
Chase's Annual Events
1992
ROSH HASHANAH OR JEWISH NEW YEAR. Sept 28. Jew-
tary Sir Robert Peel, after whom the London police officers
ish holy day; observed on following day also. Hebrew calendar
became more affectionately known as "bobbies." Scotland
date: Tishri 1, 5753. Rosh Hashanah is beginning of ten days of
Yard, the site of their first headquarters near Charing Cross,
repentance and spiritual renewal. (Began at sundown of pre-
soon became the official name of the force.
vious day.)
TAIWAN: CONFUCIUS'S BIRTHDAY AND TEACHERS'
DAY. Sept 28. National holiday, designated as Teachers' Day.
Confucius is the Latinized name of Kung-futzu, born in Shan-
tung province on the 27th day of the tenth moon (lunar calen-
dar) in the 22nd year of Kuke Hsiang of Lu (551 BC). He died at
age 72, having spent some 40 years as a teacher. Teachers' Day
is observed annually on Sept 28.
WIGGIN, KATE DOUGLAS: BIRTH ANNIVERSARY.
Sept 28. Kate Wiggin was born Kate Douglas Smith Sept 28,
1856, at Philadelphia, PA. She helped organize the first free
kindergarten on the west coast in 1878 in San Francisco, and in
1880 she and her sister established the California Kindergarten
Training School. After moving back to the east coast she de-
voted herself to writing, producing a number of children's books
GOOSE DAY. Sept 29. Lewistown, PA. Traditionally based on
including The Birds' Christmas Carol, Timothy's Quest, Polly
Michaelmas Day, the religious holiday on which the Feast of St.
Oliver's Problem and Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm. She died
Michael and All Angels is celebrated, Goose Day began as a day
at Harrow, England, on Aug 24, 1923.
of honor and respect for the Archangel Michael, prince of
WILLARD, FRANCES ELIZABETH CAROLINE: BIRTH
guardian angels. Today, Central Pennsylvanians everywhere go
out of their way to indulge themselves in a good goose dinner,
ANNIVERSARY. Sept 28. American educator and reformer,
heeding the old English proverb: "If you eat goose on Michael-
president of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union,
mas Day, you will never want money all the year round." Annu-
1879-1898, and women's suffrage leader, born at Churchville,
ally, Sept 29. Info from: Juniata Valley Area Chamber of Com-
NY, Sept 28, 1839. Died at New York, NY, Feb 18, 1898.
merce, 19 S Wayne St, Lewistown, PA 17044. Phone:
(717) 248-6714.
BIRTHDAYS TODAY
MICHAELMAS. Sept 29. The feast of St. Michael and All Angels
Brigitte Bardot (Camille Javal), 58, actress, born at Paris,
in the Greek and Roman Catholic Churches.
France, Sept 28, 1934.
Jerry Clower, 66, comedian, born at Liberty, MS, Sept 28, 1926.
NELSON, HORATIO: BIRTH ANNIVERSARY. Sept 29. En-
Johnny Earl Dawkins, Jr, 29, professional basketball player,
glish naval hero of the Battle of Trafalgar born Sept 29, 1758.
born at Washington, DC, Sept 28, 1963.
Died Oct 21, 1805.
Ben E. King, 54, singer, musician, born at Henderson, NC, Sept
SPACE MILESTONE: DISCOVERY (US). Sept 29. Space
28, 1938.
Shuttle Discovery, after numerous reschedulings, launched
Steve Largent, 38, football player, born at Tulsa, OK, Sept 28,
from Kennedy Space Center, FL, on Sept 29, 1988, with a five-
1954.
member crew on board, and landed on Oct 3, 1988, at Edwards
Marcello Mastroianni, 68, actor, born at Fontana Liri, Italy,
AFB, CA. It marked the first American manned flight since the
Sept 28, 1924.
Challenger tragedy in 1986. See also: "Challenger, Space Shut-
William Windom, 69, actor, born at New York, NY, Sept 28,
tle Explosion Anniversary" (Jan 28).
1923.
SPACE MILESTONE: SALYUT 6 (USSR). Sept 29. Soviet
space station launched on Sept 29, 1977. Burned up when it re-
entered Earth's atmosphere after nearly five years, July 29,
1982.
SEPTEMBER 29 TUESDAY
TYLENOL DEATHS: 10TH ANNIVERSARY. Sept 29. On
Sept 29, 1982, the first of seven deaths, including that of a 10-
273rd Day - Remaining, 93
year-old child, occurred as a result of the individuals unknow-
ingly taking Tylenol capsules that had been deliberately contam-
AMERICAN INDIAN CEREMONIAL DANCING. Sept
inated with cyanide. After a California man was poisoned taking
29-30. Taos, NM. Sundown dance is performed at dusk each
Tylenol laced with strychnine, Johnson and Johnson, the man-
Sept 29, followed the next day (San Geronimo's Day) with foot
ufacturer of the product, recalled all capsules of the pain-re-
races, high pole climb, clowning, feasting and dancing.
liever, some 264,000 bottles. Many lawsuits resulted. The killer
ENGLAND: SCOTLAND YARD: FIRST APPEARANCE
has never been identified.
ANNIVERSARY. Sept 29. The first public appearance of
Greater London's Metropolitan Police occurred on Sept 29,
BIRTHDAYS TODAY
1829, amid jeering and abuse from disapproving political oppo-
Michelangelo Antonioni, 80, director, born at Ferrara, Italy,
nents. Public sentiment turned to confidence and respect in the
ensuing years. The Metropolitan Police had been established by
Sept 29, 1912.
Gene Autry, 85, actor, singer, born at Tioga, TX, Sept 29, 1907.
act of Parliament in June 1829, at the request of Home Secre-
Anita Ekberg, 61, actress, born at Malmo, Sweden, Sept 29,
1931.
Greer Garson, 84, actress, born at County Down, Northern
Ireland, Sept 29, 1908.
Bryant Gumbel, 44, TV host, sportscaster, born at New Or-
leans, LA, Sept 29, 1948.
S
M
T
W
T
F
S
September
1
2
3
4
5
Hersey R. Hawkins Jr, 27, professional basketball player, born
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
at Chicago, IL, Sept 29, 1965.
1992
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Madeline Kahn, 50, actress, born at Boston, MA, Sept 29, 1942.
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
Jerry Lee Lewis, 57, singer, musician, born at Ferriday, LA,
Sept 29, 1935.
332
351 AD Roman empire reunited after the battle at Mursa
1969
Gold Star Mothers' Day celebrated in the U.S.
on the Drave
1970
Confucius' Birthday celebrated on Taiwan
780
St. Lioba died (Feast Day)
1971
Luna 19, Russian moon probe, launched
376
Louis, founder of the German kingdom, died
)29
St. Wenceslas, patron of Czechoslovakia, died
(Feast Day)
September 29th
)66
William the Conqueror and his Normans landed in
England
Michaelmas, an English Quarter Day - rents due,
.06
Battle of Tinchebrai
people move in or out
97
Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor, died of a cold
Feast of St. Michael, patron of policemen,
caught while hunting
swordsmen, hat-makers, mariners,
:38
King James I, "the Conqueror," defeated the
grocers, and the sick; invoked for
Moors at Valencia, Spain
a peaceful death
22
Battle of Muhldorf over the throne of Germany
Feast of Sts. Rhipsime and Gaiana (Armenian)
42
Juan Cabrillo discovered San Diego Bay,
Constitution Day in Brunei
California
48 BC
Pompey the Great murdered in Egypt
81
Americans attacked the British at Yorktown,
219 AD
Egalabalus, boy-emperor, entered Rome
Virginia
440
Pope Leo I, "the Great,' elected to office
91
Jews in France given full citizenship
557
St. Cyriacus the Recluse died (Feast Day)
95
Britain, Russia, and Austria formed the Triple
855
Lothair I, Holy Roman Emperor, died
Alliance
996
Gregory V, first German Pope, driven from the
03
Prosper Merimee, French writer, died
throne by a revolt
39
Frances Willard, temperance leader, born
1227
Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, excommunicated
(Frances Willard Day, Minnesota
1273
Rudolph I elected King of Germany
state holiday)
1560
Gustavus I Eriksson, King of Sweden, died
40
George W. Peck, author of Peck's Bad Boy,
1582
St. Theresa died
born
1620
Acarigua, Venezuela founded
41
George Clemenceau, French statesman, born
1703
Francois Boucher, French artist, born
50
U.S. Navy abolished flogging as punishment
1720
South Sea Bubble burst the English speculators'
63
Carlos I, King of Portugal, born
market
87
Avery Brundage, head of the U.S. Olympic
1725
Robert, Baron Clive, founder of England's
Committee, born
Indian Empire, born
91
Herman Melville, author, died
1758
Lord Horatio Nelson, English naval hero, born
92
Elmer L. Rice, playwright-novelist, born
1820
King Henry Bourbon of France born, never to
01
William S. Paley, broadcast executive, born
reign
Ed Sullivan, columnist-television emcee, born
1829
Police took over the duties of London's Night
09
Al Capp, creator of "Li'l Abner,' born
Watch
12
Japanese Kickermaru sank off Japan
1833
Ferdinand VII, King of Spain, died
17
Kellyville, Oklahoma, train wreck
1842
The Order of the Sons of Temperance organized
20
Eight players on the Chicago White Sox team
in New York City
indicated for "throwing" the 1919
1877
Nez Perce Indian camp in the Bear Paw Mountains
World Series to Cincinnati
attacked by the U.S. Army
34
Bridgette Bardot, actress, born
1879
Meeker Massacre Ute Indian attack on the Army
51
Allie Reynolds pitched a no-hitter and New York
on the White River Reservation in
beat Boston 8-0
Colorado
54
James Street, author, died
1901
Enrico Fermi, physicist, born
65
End of 6 days of hurricane in Mexico and the
1902
Emile Zola, French novelist, died of
British West Indies
asphyxiation
58
France adopted a new constitution
1908
Gene Autry, singing movie cowboy, born
Typhoon Ida left Japan after a two-day stay
Greer Garson, actress, born
60
Mali and Senegal joined the United Nations
1911
Italian-Turkish war began
62
Alovelle I, first Canadian satellite, launched
1913
Rudolf Diesel, engine inventor, lost overboard
from the mail steamer and presumed
drowned
1916
Trevor Howard, actor, born
1918
Bulgaria surrendered
1927
Telephone service began between U.S. and Mexico
Ticonderoga torpedoed in the Atlantic
Anastasio Somoza, President of Nicaragua,
1921
1956
Germany ratified a peace treaty with the U.S.
assassinated
Deborah Kerr, actress, born
Second session of the Ecumenical Council began
1924
1963
Truman Capote, author, born
Start of the Water Dowsers' Convention at
1938
1967
Munich agreement signed; peace declaration be
Danville, Vermont
tween Hitler and England in whic
1968
Cape of Good Hope, Africa, rocked by an earth-
Germany gained Sudetenland from
Czechoslovakia
quake
Earthquake shook western South Africa
1945
U.S. returned to Standard Time from War Time
1969
1946
1970
Dancing held at Taos Pueblo, New Mexico
Nuremberg Tribunal convicted 22 Nazi leaders
of war crimes
1971
Yom Kippur
OSO-7, U.S. sun-study satellite, launched
1947
Pakistan and Yemen joined the United Nations
1948
Edith K. C. (Mrs. Theodore) Roosevelt died
1949
Blockade of Berlin removed after the Berlin
Airlift
September 30th
1954
First atomic-powered U.S. vessel, submarine
Feast of St. Otto of Bamberg
Nautilus, commissioned
Feast of St. Sophia
1956
End of nine days of Hurricane Flossy in the
World Championship Goose-calling Contest,
Gulf states
Missouri Valley, Iowa
1961
Syria withdrew from the United Arab Republic,
106 BC
Pompey the Great, enemy of Caesar, born
leaving Egypt as the only member
420 AD
St. Jerome died, patron of students (Feast Day)
1962
Third revision of the English Bible since 16]
653
St. Honorius of Canterbury died (Feast Day)
published
Empress Matilda landed in England to claim her
James Meredith became the first black student
1139
throne
at the University of Mississippi
1207
Rumi, Persian poet, born
1966
Botswana (Bechuanaland) became independent of
1399
King Richard II of England, imprisoned by his
Britain
cousin in the Tower of London,
Hurricane Alma ended its devastating stay in
abdicated
the southeast U.S.
1560
King Gustavus Vasa of Sweden died
1969
England's general post office became a public
1568
Insane Eric XIV deposed as Swedish king
corporation
1572
St. Francis Borgia died
1970
Festival of Lights held in Singapore
1971
1619
The baronetage established in Ireland
Hunting World Exhibition, at Budapest,
1673
Mary of Modena became by proxy the second wife
Hungary, closed
of King James II of England
1745
Prussians under Frederick the Great beat the
Austro-Saxons at Soor
1787
The Columbia left Boston to be the first to
carry the U.S. flag around the
world
1812
A Russian fort established near Bodega Bay,
California
1846
Ether first used, for a tooth extraction
1855
Bechuanaland became a British protectorate
1880
First photograph taken of a nebula, in Orion
1890
Revolutionary War widows' pension raised from
$12 to $30 per month
1897
St. Therese of Lisieux died
1906
New York Central Railroad began using electric
locomotives
1915
End of eight days of hurricane on the U.S.
Gulf coast
26
CURRENT BIOGRAPHY 1947
AUTRY, GENE-Continued
he contemplated becoming a doctor, and, with
the constitution
the San Fernando Valley. Mrs. Autry is the
that in view, he studied medicine at the Uni-
19, 1923, the er
former Ina Mae Spivey, niece of Jimmy Long,
versity of London for three years. During
a member of t
whom Autry met when she was a student at
the 1913 summer vacation, he went to Albania
1924, as a re
Teachers College in St. Louis. They were
and took part in the second Balkan war as a
party. At that
married in 1932. Autry keeps a former circus
volunteer in the Turkish army, joining first
zam was the y
trainer for his purebred horses. The star's
the Albanians at Tirana and then the Turks
Since he was
other interests include world events, baseball
in their reconquest of Adrianople. When this
terms, Azzam
(though he sees only a few games a year),
was accomplished, Azzam returned to England
for the Arab
and flying (he flies his three planes and a new-
to take up his classes again. At the out-
pany Zaghloul
ly purchased helicopter) and on his travels
break of World War I, when England de-
to negotiate
he picks up antiques for his wife's collection.
clared a protectorate over his country, Azzam
country, from
Most of Autry's social hours are spent with
suspended his studies and returned to Egypt in
ten years bec
business associates. He is said to be a good
order to join the revolutionary forces in the
between him a
public speaker and conversationalist, but apt
Western Egyptian Desert.
an exponent of
Since, 1840 Egypt had been an autonomous
Minister Pleni
to go to sleep if bored. A paid-up member of
the rodeo cowboys' union, Autry is also honor-
state under the nominal sovereignty of the
key, Bulgaria,
ary vice-president of the Morse Telegraphers
Ottoman Empire, which became an ally of
states later to
Germany in 1914. The strategically dictated
Saudi Arabia.
Association. Familiar as Autry's sandy brown
hair, blue eyes, pleasant face, and five-feet-ten-
encroachment of the British on the Egyptian
ing brought
plus physique are to the public, recognition is
Government that year alienated many young
League.) The
made easier by the colorful cowboy costumes
Egyptian nationalists like Azzam, who spent
1936 and 1939.
which are his usual attire.
1915 and 1916 with the Senusi forces fighting
II in 1939, A
against the British troops. With the aid of
Egyptian Cabi
References
Turkish officers and German submarines, the
Minister of I
Cue 10:34 O 4 '41 por
Arabs of the western part of Egypt had been
Social Affairs
Liberty 18:31 S 6 '41 por
engaged in warfare with the British forces,
missioned com
Movie Yearbk 1 :46-53 '47 pors
carrying on the westernmost salient of the
of-Egypt, he 1
N Y Post p53 O 23 '46 por
jihad, or holy war, proclaimed by the Caliph
unteer army
N Y Sun p5 O 26 '45
at Constantinople; subsequently these same
task was comp
NY Sunday News p95 N 17 '46
guerrillas fought the Italians in the Tripolitan-
tered the Cab
N Y Times IX O 27 '40
ian section of Libya. Azzam gradually ad-
Premier, to se
Sat Eve Post 212:18-19- S 2 '39
vanced in rank, becoming a captain in the revo-
Affairs in the
International Motion Picture Almanac,
lutionary forces and was singled out to study
Azzam retur
gotiate the set
1946-47
in Austria, Hungary, and Germany (the allies
Who's Who in America, 1946-47
of Turkey). In August 1917 he was commis-
tion. Then, as
sioned by the African command to go to Con-
tian delegation
stantinople in search of aid for the forces
Conference in
AZZAM, ABDUL RAHMAN (äz'zim'
fighting the Italians, British, and French in
Palestine situa
äb'dool rä'man') Mar. 8, 1893- Secretary-
North Africa. He then traveled for the same
was, issued at
General of the Arab League
purpose to Austria, Hungary, and Germany be-
deliberation of
Address: b. c/o League of Arab States, Bustan
fore returning to Tripolitania in March 1918
1946. The pre
Palace, Cairo, Egypt; Egyptian Foreign Office,
to act as an adviser to the African High
the formation
Cairo, Egypt
Command.
Azzam had bee
When World War I had ended, Azzam re-
general. "Th
The formation of the League of Arab States
in 1945 gave its seven member states a basis
fused to obey the surrender order sent out by
World (Noven
for cooperative action for the first time
Turkish headquarters-he severed his relations
mental unity o
since the dissolution of the Arab Empires.
with both the Turks and the Germans rather
of the Arabs
Considered a powerful political and relig-
than submit to the Allies. His affiliations with
munity and ma
ious influence, the League is headed by its sec-
the Arabs, however, endured: allied with
tion. .It is
Ramadhan el Shtewi, a powerful chieftain, he
exclusiveness
retary-general, Abdul Rahman Azzam Pasha,
proclaimed the independence of Tripoli from
League is nec
an Egyptian nationalist and advocate of Pan-
Arab countries
Arabism. The most imperative question on
Italian rule in 1918 and organized the Tripol-
the League's agenda is that of Palestine; sub-
itanian Republic. The Republic was ruled by
of the world
ordinate to this is the kindred problem of re-
a council of four chiefs, to which Azzam was
politically."
moving all Arabic-speaking countries from
elected adviser. Military action against the
In his capa
Italians, however, had not yet ceased, and was
League, Azzar
European control.
not destined to do so until 1923. For five
Palestine in th
Eighth in a family of twelve children (in
years before the defeat of the Republican
referring to tl
which there were six brothers and six sisters),
forces by an Italian army under the leadership
British promis
Abdul Rahman Azzam was born March 8,
of Giuseppe Volpi, Azzam maintained the posi-
tradicted previ
1893, in Shobak in the province of Giza, Egypt,
tion of his forces against the Italians. Even-
Husain of I
to Hassan Azzam and his wife, Nabiha. Both
tually, however, the lack of cohesion among
Azzam defined
sides of his family had been living for cen-
the four chieftains led to the Senusi collapse.
Jewish settlem
turies in Egypt, where they were distinguished
Back in Egypt, which had recently been rec-
opposition to
in the government of the province, producing
ognized as independent by the British (subject
a manifestatio
governors, legislators, and tribal chieftains.
to certain special relations between the two
the Arab pro
Until he went to the Saidya Secondary School
Governments for their mutual defense), Azzam
The Arabs di
in Cairo, Azzam was educated in his native
waited several months for an amnesty to be
for Palestine
town, at the Helwan Primary School. Later
granted by the Egyptian Government. Under
both Jews and
24
CURRENT BIOGRAPHY 1947
AURIOL, VINCENT-Continued
Gene's ambition was to become a professional
ber mo
baseball player, and he later played for a time
songs
References
on semiprofessional teams; but he earried his
South
Free France 8:250 N-D '45 por
first money as a singer in local social clubs.
1939, \
N Y Herald Tribune p10 Ja 17 '47; II
While in his teens young Autry toured for
within
p3 Ja 19 '47 por
two or three months at fifteen dollars a week
Autr
NY Sun p20 '46; p1+ Ja 16 '47 por
as a ballad singer with the Fields Brothers
Wester
PM Ja 17 '47 por
Marvelous Medicine Show. With his earnings
emphas
World Report p38 Ja 28 '47 por
he bought a saxophone, but, wishing to sing
public
International Who's Who, 1947
as well as play, he exchanged it for a "git-
minor
tar," which he learned to play by the "hunt-
pearan
AUTRY, GENE (ô'trì) Sept. 29, 1908-
and-peck" method. Autry is said to have lost
in a K
one job after another as a cowhand on Texas
sonal a
Actor; singer; song writer
and Oklahoma ranches because his singing dis-
reactio
Address b. c/o Columbia Pictures, Culver City,
tracted the other hands' attention from their
lead in
Calif.; h. Melody Ranch, San Fernando, Calif.
work.
bling
what 1
A star of cowboy pictures, of the radio and
After being graduated from the local high
to the
rodeo, a singer and writer of Western, songs,
school in 1925, seventeen-year-old Gene Autry
Succee
Gene Autry has long been a favorite enter-
went to work for the St. Louis and San Fran-
hero u
tainer of large audiences, in which he has many
cisco Railroad in Oklahoma, giving his age as
same
juvenile admirers. While his motion pictures,
eighteen. While learning telegraphy, he worked
of which there have been sixty as of 1947,
as a roustabout and freight handler. Then he
Smiley
the $1
rarely reach the big theaters of the East, a
became relief operator and finally operator,
Barn
poll of exhibitors placed him fourth in popu-
working at a number of small stations in the
State. On the "graveyard shift," from mid-
was g
larity among all stars. The average of eighty
his ov
thousand fan letters he receives in a month
night to eight in the morning, Autry was able
used t
is said to be three times the number addressed
to practice his cowboy ditties during working
elimina
to any other star.
hours. Once he was officially rebuked for
mance
Autry's full first name is Gene; his other
"broadcasting". over the railroad telephone sys-
audien
prename (he does not use it) is Orvon. Of
tem. On another occasion a stranger joined in
French-Irish-Scottish descent, Gene Autry
the private concert and then suggested that
The
was born in Tioga, Texas, on September 29,
Autry might be able to use his talents profes-
termin
sionally. That stranger was Will Rogers.
exert
1908, the son of Delbert and Elnora (Oz-
ment) Autry. Grandson of a Baptist minis-
During a vacation the young telegrapher
these
went to New York to seek work as a singer.
of the
ter, the boy was taught to sing at five so that
He was unsuccessful in his search, but did get
udices
he could join the choir. Reared on a small
farm near Ravia, Oklahoma, Gene often went
a "To Whom It May Concern" letter of recom-
orable
on horse-trading trips with his father. Mrs.
mendation from Nathaniel Shilkret, then an of-
quick
ficial of Victor Records. Back in Oklahoma
tically
Autry had died while her son was a boy. A
after several months, Autry obtained an un-
the
"barefoot, cotton-chopping farm boy," Autry
salaried singing and storytelling program: as
hibito
has said, he worshipped the screen cowboy
Hoot Gibson.
"Oklahoma's Yodeling Cowboy" on radio Sta-
west.
tion KVOO in Tulsa. Continuing to work for
in mo
the railroad, he collaborated on songs with
tendar
train dispatcher Jimmy Long. It was their
New
"That Silver-Haired Daddy of Mine" that
Autry
brought Autry his first success. It sold thirty
"Tho
thousand copies the first month and had by
to liv
1940 sold five million copies, a sales total
use h
equaled by only four other songs. According
on SC
ican
to a publicity release, it holds the all-time sales
of th
record for disks sold through the Sears, Roe-
buck mail-order house.
peopl
certai
In 1930, after about six months on the radio
to do
in Oklahoma, Autry was in Chicago to sing
In
over Sears-owned Station WLS for thirty-
the f
five dollars a week. There he appeared on
tours
such programs as National Barn Dance and
Even
the National Farm and Home Hour. In 1932
he toured the Middle West with the former
pensit
runni
program. "Long after other members of the
Barn Dance cast were home in bed." Radio
sing.
Guide once commented, "Gene would still be
peara
cludir
signing autograph books." When WLS was
Valle
sold to a national network, Autry went with
Briti
it, and thus became a nation-wide radio per-
which
former. At about this time, two short texts
Autr
by the cowboy singer were published, Rhymes
of the Range and The Art of Writing Songs
caree
unabl
GENE AUTRY
and How to Play a Guitar. Autry's songs num-
JERRY LEE LEWIS / 327
Johnson,
Playboys. They became a regular fixture at Disneyland
from Sun to RCA.) Lewis' debut single, "Crazy Arms"
usicians
have
and producer Snuff Garrett signed them to Liberty in 1964.
(previously a country hit for Ray Price), did well region-
the
strings).
With Leon Russell's arrangements and Al Kooper as
ally, but it was the followup, 1957's "Whole Lotta Shakin'
Lewis
moved
cowriter, the Playboys scored a #1 hit their first time out
Going On," that finally broke through. The song first sold
while
still
in
with "This Diamond Ring."
100,000 copies in the South; after an appearance by Lewis
with
W.
C.
Russell also worked on the subsequent singles: "Count
on Steve Allen's TV show, it sold over six million copies
He
was
a
Me In" (#2, 1965), "Save Your Heart for Me" (#2, 1965),
nationally. "Great Balls of Fire" sold more than five
"Everybody Loves a Clown" (#4, 1965), "She's Just My
million copies and was followed by more than a half-
and
also
Style" (#3, 1966), "Sure Gonna Miss Her" (#9, 1966),
million in sales for "Breathless" and "High School Confi-
Blind
Lemon
and "Green Grass" (#8, 1966).
dential," the title theme song of a movie in which Lewis
the
Twen-
The group appeared in A Swingin' Summer (1965) and
also appeared. Both "Whole Lotta Shakin' and "Great
it
was
Out of Sight (1966). The Playboys' popularity had waned
Balls" were #1 on the pop, country and R&B charts
Jim
Jackson
just slightly when Lewis was drafted, and upon his dis-
simultaneously. Lewis' high school nickname was the
The
next
charge, he re-formed the group. Though Lewis would
"Killer," and it stuck with him as he established a reputa-
Looking
Girl
score two more chart singles, he would never again have a
tion as a tough, rowdy performer, with a flamboyant piano
and
Stack
Top Ten hit, despite an attempt to update his image from
style that used careening glissandos, pounding chords and
teenage pop star to "sensitive" singer/songwriter. His
bench-toppling acrobatics.
but
the
career was further complicated by drug problems and a
Lewis' career slammed to a stop, though, after he
and
Furry
divorce. Lewis has attempted comebacks from time to
married his 13-year-old third cousin, Myra Gale Brown, in
If
as
a
street
time, veering between the oldies circuit (1973, for exam-
December 1957. (She was his third wife; at age 16 he had
but
he
didn't
ple) and eschewing old material completely (1981).
wed a 17-year-old, and soon after that ended he had got
Sam
Charters
caught in a shotgun marriage.) The marriage lasted 13
for
Biograph,
JERRY LEE LEWIS
years, but at the time, Lewis was condemned by the
enough
for
Born September 29, 1935, Ferriday, Louisiana
church in the U.S. and hounded by the British press on a
did
play
many
1964-Live at the Star Club Hamburg (Philips) 1968-
1958 tour. His career ran dry for nearly a decade. He had a
Seventies
and
Another Place, Another Time (Smash) 1970-Original
modest 1961 hit with "What'd I Say," but in 1963 he left
shot
at
fame
Golden Hits (Sun) Original Golden Hits, Volume 2;
Sun for Smash/Mercury. He toured relentlessly, playing
with
Don
Nix
Memphis Country; The Best of Jerry Lee Lewis
clubs, billing his act "the greatest show on earth." On the
on
a
Leon
(Smash) 1971-Original Golden Hits, Volume 3
way, he developed a drinking problem. In 1968, he played
(Sun) 1973-The Session (Mercury).
as
their
with
him,
Though he had only three Top Ten hits in the first purely
Lewis
also
rock & roll phase of his career, many critics believe Jerry
wo
films,
Burt
Lee Lewis was as talented a Fifties rocker as Sun
and
This
Is
labelmate Elvis Presley. Some also believe he could have
made it just as big commercially if his piano-slamming
musical style was not so relentlessly wild, his persona not
so threateningly hard-edged.
Lewis' first musical influences were eclectic-his par-
ents (who were poor) spun swing and Al Jolson records.
Los
But his earliest big influence was country star Jimmie
27,
1943,
Rodgers. In his early teens he absorbed both the softer
Uhrichsville,
country style of Gene Autry and the more rocking music
Montgom-
of local black clubs, along with the gospel hymns of the
1944,
local Assembly of God church. Lewis first played his
aunt's piano at age eight and made his public debut in 1949
at age 14, sitting in with a local C&W band in a Ford
dealership parking lot. When he was fifteen, Lewis went to
1965
and
1966,
a fundamentalist Bible school in Waxahachie, Texas, from
Lewis
was
cer-
which he was soon expelled. He has often said that rock &
ffspring
turned
roll is the Devil's music.
and
since
his
In 1956, Lewis headed for Memphis (financed by his
several
come-
father) to audition for Sam Phillips' Sun Records. Phillips'
assistant, Jack Clement, was impressed with Lewis' piano
Lewis
started
style but suggested he play more rock & roll, in a style
he
formed
the
similar to Elvis Presley's. (Presley had recently switched
Jerry Lee Lewis
328 / LINDA LEWIS
Iago in a rock musical version of Shakespeare's Othello
calypso. As a preteen, she had bit acting parts in A Hard
Unlimited, who ha
called Catch My Soul.
Day's Night and A Taste of Honey. At age 14, her mother
Lewis' new trio
Eventually, Lewis and his producer, Jerry Kennedy,
took her to see John Lee Hooker, and Lewis reportedly
drummer Morris J
decided to abandon rock & roll for country music. In
wound up taking the stage with the old bluesman for a
Donny Hathaway
1968, Lewis had the first of many Top Ten country hits
version of Martha and the Vandellas' "Dancing in the
much success the
with "Another Place, Another Time," followed by "What
Streets." She left acting and school to start playing in
Records (whom h
Made Milwaukee Famous (Made a Loser Out of Me)."
bands, first joining Herbie Goins and the Nightmares. then
dess LP went gold
Between then and the early Eighties, he had more than
her own group, White Rabbit; in 1967, she achieved some
Fire's Maurice W
thirty big country hits, including "To Make Love Sweeter
recognition in Europe with Ferris Wheel.
Lewis continues t
for You" (#1 C&W, 1968), "There Must Be More to Love
After two years, she went solo with her own material.
Than This" (#1 C&W, 1971), "Would You Take Another
She toured Britain with Elton John and Family, all before
SMILEY LEWIS
Chance on Me" (#1 C&W, 1971), "Chantilly Lace" (#1
releasing her 1971 album Say No More. Critics praised
Born Overton An
C&W, 1972), "Middle Age Crazy" (#4 C&W, 1977) and
Lewis' flighty 31/2-octave voice and pop-folky material.
Louisiana; died C
"Thirty-nine and Holding" (#4 C&W, 1981).
but the record was never released in the U.S. Her next LP.
1970-Shame Sh.
Lewis' life has been marked by tragedy. In 1973, Jerry
the first in America, Lark, was produced by Jim Cregan
You Knocking (U
Lee Lewis, Jr., who played drums in his father's band,
(who later left Family for Cockney Rebel and then Rod
was killed in an automobile accident. (Lewis' brother had
Stewart's band). It was followed by her first U.K. hit.
Singer/guitarist/pi
died when hit by a car when Jerry was two.) His other son,
"Rock-a-Doodle-Do" (#15, 1973).
Orleans R&B per
Steve, drowned in 1962. In September 1976, Lewis acci-
In 1974, Lewis did a world tour with Cat Stevens, and in
came pop hits for
dently shot -his bassist in the chest, and in 1982 his
1975 she was signed to Arista, where Clive Davis tried to
His parents mo
estranged wife, Jaren Pate Lewis, also drowned in a pool.
improve her commercial potential by matching her with
birthplace when 1
In 1973, Lewis released The Session, a return-to-rock
R&B producers Tony Sylvester and Bert DeCoteaux. Not
in 1947 for Delux
album recorded in London with a host of top British
a Little Girl Anymore yielded a #6 U.K. hit with Betty
The best-loved 1
musicians, including Peter Frampton, Alvin Lee, Klaus
Everett's 1964 smash "It's in His Kiss (The Shoop Shoop
during his 1950
Voormann and Rory Gallagher, redoing oldies, resulting in
Song)." She had another British score with "Baby I'm
Dave Bartholor
some pop chart success with "Drinkin' Wine Spo Dee O-
Yours" (#33, 1976), but she didn't release another LP
Shame Shame"
dee"-an R&B song he'd performed at his public debut in
until 1977's Woman Overboard, produced by Cregan,
ing" (#10, 1952)
1949. In 1978, Lewis signed with Elektra and enjoyed
Allen Toussaint and Cat Stevens. The album didn't click in
which featured a
some FM radio play with "Rockin' My Life Away." He
the U.S., and she soon lost her recording contract.
few months lat
also continued to tour, performing all the styles of his
eclipsed by Gale
career-rock, country, gospel, blues, spirituals and more.
RAMSEY LEWIS
revived fifteen y
In 1981, Lewis played a German concert with fellow Sun
Born May 27, 1935, Chicago
a hit again. Ar
alumni Johnny Cash and Carl Perkins. The show was
1964-Barefoot Sunday Blues (Cadet) 1965-The In
Sin)," was clea
released as an album called Survivors in 1982. On June 30,
Crowd 1966-Hang On Ramsey; Wade in the Water
Love)" and bec
1981, Lewis was hospitalized in Memphis with hemor-
1968-Ramsey Lewis Trio 1973-Greatest Hits (Colum-
Beginning in
rhaging from a perforated stomach ulcer. After two opera-
bia) Non-Stop Golden Hits 1975-Sun Goddess
and Loma Rec
tions, he was given a 50-50 chance of survival; four
1977-Tequila Mockingbird 1978-Legacy
saint), and he y
months later he was back on tour. He appeared on the
1979-Ramsey 1980-Routes 1981-Three Piece
cancer.
1982 Grammy Awards telecast with his cousin Mickey
Suite 1982-Live at the Savoy.
Gilley; another cousin is TV evangelist Jimmy Swaggart.
GORDON I
Keyboardist Ramsey Lewis has had much commercial
Born Novemb
LINDA LEWIS
success with his pop-jazz instrumentals, particularly in
the mid-Sixties with remakes of current hits. In 1965 the
1966-Lightfo
Born in London
Ramsey Lewis Trio won a Grammy for Best Jazz Instru-
Feel; Did She
1970-Hacienda View (Ariola, U.K.) 1971-Say No
on Earth; Early
More (Reprise, U.K.) 1972-Lark (Reprise) 1973-
mental for their #5 gold hit "The 'In' Crowd" (originally
recorded by Dobie Gray). Their version of the McCoys'
Down Young
Fathoms Deep 1975-Not a Little Girl Anymore
Mind 1971-
(Arista) 1977-Woman Overboard.
"Hang On Sloopy" went to #11 and likewise went gold.
Lewis studied classical piano at the Chicago College of
Quixote; Old
Singer/songwriter Linda Lewis' career was grounded by
1975-Cold o
Music and De Paul University. He began playing profes-
the same problems Joan Armatrading later faced: how to
sionally at age 16 with the Clefs, a group that included
(United Artis
get an American audience to accept a black female singer
time Dream (
bassist Eldee Young and drummer Red Holt, with whom
who isn't an R&B artist. Though Lewis' music shows
he formed the Ramsey Lewis Trio in 1956. Besides the
Bros.) 1980
some soul influence, it is more often a bubbly combination
Trio's own albums, Lewis also played with Max Roach,
One of the m
of English folk rock with reggae and pop.
Sonny Stitt and Clark Terry. The Trio enjoyed a third Top
baritone Gor
Lewis was born to Jamaican parents in the Dockland
Twenty
hit
on Delmark; Fazz At Preservation
three members of San Francisco band
'25, Irvington, N.J.) Comedian, TV host,
'63 is Atlanc; The Perennial George
Soundhole: Johnny Colla, guitar and sax;
film director; also singer. Partnership with
'59 on Verve; others on Jazzology,
Billy Gibson, drums; bassist Mario
Dean MARTIN until '56 for very popular
ryville, GHB; lists in record catalogues
Cipollina (brother of Quicksilver Messenger
comedy films; they had novelty hit "That
this George Lewis with the other
Service's John). LPs for Chrysalis: Huey
Certain Party' '48 on Capitol; making a
below.
Lewis And The News '80 did little; Picture
radio advert for a film in the mid-'50s, they
This '82 incl. top 40 hits incl. 'Do You
made a shambles of the session by swearing
George (b '52, Chicago) Trombon-
Believe In Love', top 10 USA; self-
at each other and the tape, with studio tech-
composer. Took up trombone at age 9,
produced albums purveyed a more rockish,
nicians laughing helplessly in the back-
studied philosophy at Yale, attended
hook-laden sound than Clover but with
ground, disappeared and was bootlegged.
school in Chicago, had theory les-
characteristic Lewis good humour; then
Lewis has a deep affection for popular
from Richard ABRAMS, became virtuo-
came Sports '83 and years of hard live work
music (used Count BASIE in Cinderfella
The George Lewis Solo Trombone Record
paid off: no. 1 LP eventually yielded six top
soundtrack '60); had hits on Decca: 'Rock-
on Sackville incl. 'Piece For Three
10 hits in 'Heart And Soul', 'I Want A New
A-Bye Your Baby With A Dixie Melody'
mbones Simultaneously' by means of
Drug', "The Heart Of Rock & Roll', 'Walk-
reached the top 10 '56 in a latter-day Al
rdubbing; quartet Chicago Slow Dance
:ng On A Thin Line', 'Bad Is Bad' and 'If
JOLSON style; 'It All depends On You' '57
Lovely Music is a single composition
This Is It', the latter also their first UK hit
did less well.
by a quartet incl. synthesiser. Sextet
Il no. 7. 'Power Of Love' written by
dowgraph '77 (aka Monads) incl. Roscoe
Lewis/Hopper/Colla, used in soundtrack of
LEWIS, Jerry Lee (b 29 Sep. '35, Ferriday,
'CHELL, Abrams; fila '78 (aka The Im-
hit Spielberg film Back To The Future: no. 1
La.) Rockabilly/country singer, pianist;
Suite) is duet with reedman Doug-
hit USA '85, entered UK charts twice (first
nicknamed 'the Killer' in school. Went to
Ewart, who plays on most of these; Hom-
:eleased two months before film); a lawsuit
bible school at 15, was expelled; first mar-
To Charlie Parker '79 is a quartet with
caused by similarity of title theme from
ried at 16. With his vocal style (manic yet
tronics, all these on Black Saint. Also
Ghostbusters (no. 1 hit '84 by Ray Parker Jr,
precise, predictable yet improvised each
Saxophone & Trombone '81 on Incus
former session guitarist for Marvin GAYE,
time) and his 'pumping piano', replete with
Evan
Parker.
Stevie WONDER, etc.) settled out of court
finger-stabbing boogie and pointless yet ex-
Parker was the 'guilty' party)? They also
citing glissandos, no one except Elvis
Huey, and the News USA pop/rock
contributed 'Trouble In Paradise' to USA
PRESLEY defined rock'n'roll more clearly;
formed '79 in San Francisco by singer
For Africa LP. Lewis deserves credit for
but like Presley before him he did not at
(Hugh Anthony Cregg III),
long-serving commitment to live music, re-
first reveal his personality in the studio:
boardist Sean Hopper when Clover dis-
taining sense of humour in 20 years on the
made audition tape for Jack CLEMENT at
Clover was formed '68 by guitarist
road; he is also a nifty harmonica player:
Sun Records in Memphis '56, invited back
Call and John McFee, bassist John
learned it hitching around Europe as a
by Sam Philips, first single was cover of Ray
mbotti, others; they made legendary LPs
teenager, plays it on sessions with Ed-
PRICE C&W hit 'Crazy Arms' that did well
'70 and Forty-Niner '71 on Fantasy
:nunds, others. Fore '86 incl. no. 1 USA hit
regionally. On tour with Johnny CASH and
ackaged as Chronicle '79); with Lewis
USA 'Stuck With You'.
Carl PERKINS, Perkins recalled later, Lewis
Hopper they worked in London, re-
suffered shyness; they told him to 'make a
for Vertigo UK/Mercury USA '77:
LEWIS, Hugh X. (b 7 Dec. '32, Yeaddiss,
fuss. So the next night he carried on, stood
on Mercury, Unavailable on Vertigo
Ky.) Country singer, songwriter. Worked in
up, kicked the stool back, and a new Jerry
be similar; Love On The Wire on both
coal mines; moved to Nashville '63; initial
Lee was born.' 'Whole Lotta Shakin' Goin'
Without Lewis they also backed Elvis
success as a writer: 'B.J. The D.J.' for
On', made at the end of his second session,
on his debut My Aim Is True
Stonewall JACKSON, "Take My Ring Off
was no. 1 in national C&W, R&B charts, no.
disbanded '79 after their good-time
Your Finger' for Carl SMITH; signed with
3 pop; 'Great Balls Of Fire', 'Breathless'
rock had kept them together more
Kapp and had own hits 'What I Need Most'
and 'High School Confidential' (title song
10 years. McFee joined DOOBIE Brox
64, 'I'd Better Call The Law On Me' '65,
of his film) all huge hits on all three charts,
turned songwriter (wrote
You're So Cold' '67. Continued as writer;
all '57-8; also in UK. On an Alan Freed
Tutone hit '8675309/Jenny'),
made minor chart comeback '78 with 'Love
tour, according to writer John Grissim, he
and Hopper jammed in S.F. bars,
Don't Hide From Me' on Little Darlin'.
insisted on closing the show; when Chuck
themselves American Express; did #
Also appeared in low-budget films Forty-
BERRY also had a big hit in the charts,
version of 'Exodus' for laughs; 'Exo'
Acre Feud '66, Gold Guitar '67, etc. LPs
Freed insisted that Lewis open, so he did a
was heard by Phonogram in London,
:ncl. Just Before Dawn '65, My Kind Of
Lewis had gone to session with Dave
blistering 3-minute set, poured lighter pet-
MUNDS, Nick LOWE; he returned to S.F.
Country '66, Just A Prayer Away '67, Coun-
rol on the piano and set fire to it, saying 'I'd
a cash advance and recruited new line-
try Fever '68, all on Kapp; Goodwill Ambas-
like to see any son of a bitch follow that!'
udor '80 on President.
He married his third wife '58 without both-
701
LEWIS
ering to divorce the second: Myra was 13 or
14 years old and his second, third, fourth
of a drug overdose '83 after 77 days of
European Windows '58 on RCA with
marriage, after she had told her family the
Symphony Orchestra; Odds
cousin, depending which source is con-
intended to leave him. He said to a
Tomorrow '59 on UA (score for
sulted. He brought her along on a UK tour,
audience in '86, 'Elvis? He's dead "
film); on Atlantic label: small
where the press decided to apply its own
rid of his ass.' Sun-Times Critic The
incl. The John Lewis Piano '56
standards to the American South; he was
McLeese said that Lewis's was the the
Connie Kay, Percy Heath, Barry
booed off the stage, the tour cancelled. His
exciting set in a revival weekend the: incl
Gebraith on guitar; Afternoon In Paris '56
only top 40 pop hit through the '60s was a
the EVERLY Bros and Fats DOMINO More
Sacha DISTEL Improvised Meditations
cover of Ray CHARLES's 'What'd I Say', no.
albums incl. Live At The Star Club 11am
Excursions '59, The Wonderful World Of
30 '61. He switched to Smash/Mercury '64,
burg '64, I'm On Fire from the same period,
European Encounter '62 with
touring hard and giving good value, but
Another Time, Another Place '68 (title tomp
Send ASMUSSEN; with large groups: The
developing problems with alcohol and pills,
no. 2 C&W hit), Memphis Country '70. Be:
Golden: Striker '60 with Joe WILDER,
his always-threatening persona contributing
Of The Country Music Hall Of Fame 111::
Gunther SCHULLER, others (title track
to an effective blacklisting: he could not get
'81 in UK, all on various Polygram labris
theme from film One Never Knows), Fazz
on TV or big tours and radio stations would
Jerry Lee Lewis '79 (incl. 'Rockin' My Life
Abstractions - John Lewis Presents Contem-
not give his records the exposure they need-
Away') on Elektra; Monsters '83 and / in
perary Music '60 ('Abstraction' comp. &
ed. In '68 he played Iago in a rock'n'roll
What I Am '84 on MCA. Compilations and
cond. by Schuller, with Ornette COLEMAN,
version of Othello called Catch My Soul in
reissues of Smash/Mercury material are the
etc.), Original Sin '61 (score for San Fran-
L.A. He switched to country songs and had
merous; Sun tracks are reissued on Sun.
CLICO Ballet), A Milanese Story '62, Essence
12 top 5 hits in that chart '68-71, incl. re-
Rhino and Power in the USA, on Chath
with Gary MCFARLAND. Discovered
issues of country songs from the Sun peri-
UK incl. 12-disc set Jerry Lec Lean The
and helped European artists such as Albert
od; 'To Make Love Sweeter For You',
Sun Years complete and Million Dollar
MANGEL SDORFF (quartet LP on Atlantic
"There Must Be More To Love Than This',
Quartet, a studio tape of Lewis, Cath
made in Baden-Baden '62). Other LPs: with
'Would You Take Another Chance On Me'
Perkins and Presley singing gospel songs
singer Helen MERRILL '76 (b 21 July '30,
were no. 1, as was "Chantilly Lace' in '72.
formerly widely bootlegged; Keep Your
NYC: active in Europe and Japan until '72;
Cover of Kris KRISTOFFERSON's 'Me And
Hands Off It '87 on Zu-Zazz UK in.:
own LPs The Feeling Is Mutual, A Shade Of
Bobby McGee' crossed over to no. 40 '72,
unissued Sun tracks from '59-60.
Difference on Mainstream; Japanese LPs
his last top 40 entry in pop chart. He always
with Teddy WILSON, Gary PEACOCK, oth-
played a wide range of material on stage
LEWIS, John (b John Aaron Lewis. 3 Mai
ers); album on Mercury with Helen Merrill
and came back to rock'n'roll '70s; The Ses-
'20, La Grange, III.) Pianist, compose:
76, John Lewis Solo/Duo with Hank Jones
sion '73 made in London with Peter
leader. Grew up in New Mexico. Studies:
76, An Evening With Two Grand Pianos in
FRAMPTON, Rory GALLAGHER, etc., incl.
piano from '27; attended U. of N.M.: met
NYC and Piano Play House in Tokyo with
remakes of hits and 'Drinkin' Wine Spo-
Kenny CLARKE in US Army '42-5: attended
Jones '79; solo tracks on 2-disc Columbia
Dee-O-Dee', a '49 R&B hit which he had
Manhattan School of Music (MA '53. joined
compilations I Remember Bebop, They All
played that year in his first public perfor-
Board of Trustees '66); played and arr. to:
Played Bebop '77; solo Piano, Paris 1979,
mance, sitting in with a C&W band in a
Dizzy GILLESPIE big band ("Two Bass H::.
TII Remember April' on Palo Alto LP A
Ford dealer's lot. Signed with Elektra '78;
'Emanon', 'Minor Walk', 'Stay On It`): Ta
Tribute (to Bill EVANS) '82; Mirjana '78,
he was hospitalised mid-'82 with perforated
cata For Trumpet And Orchestra for
quartet made in France; trio The John Lewis
ulcers and given a 50-50 chance of survival:
Gillespie at Carnegie Hall '47; with Miles
Album With Putte Wickman And Red
before the end of the year he was back on
DAVIS Birth of the Cool combo '49 (Move.
Mitchell '81 (clarinet and bass) on Stock-
the road. In '82 he appeared with his cousin
'Budo', 'Rouge'). Founder member and
holm radio; sextet Kansas City Breaks '82 on
Mickey GILLEY on the Grammy Awards
mentor of MODERN JAZZ QUARTET from
Finesse with Joe Kennedy, violin; quartet
TV show. A gun nut like Presley, in '76 he
'52. His music is confident, uncluttered. ei-
Slavic Smile '82 on French RCA with
shot his bass player in the chest; he once
egant and swings. Wrote soundtrack for
Bobby HUTCHERSON; quintet versions of F.
tried to drive through the gates at Presley's
French film No Sun In Venice '57, recorded
S. Bach Preludes And Fugues '84 on Japa-
Graceland house, waving a pistol. It was the
by quartet; mus. dir. of Monterey Jazz Festi-
nese Philips made in NYC.
same Dr George Nichopoulos who dis-
val from '58; music for Harry BELAFONTH
pensed too many pills to both Presley and
TV special New York 19, William Inge play
LEWIS, Meade Lux (b 4 Sep. '05, Chicago; b
Lewis. Both Lewis's sons were killed in ac-
Natural Affection '63, TV film Cities For
7 June '64, Minneapolis, Minn.) Pianist in
cidents; the marriage to Myra lasted 13
People '75, much more; TV and festivals
BOOGIE-WOOGIE blues piano. genre. Nick-
years, but it wasn't easy (she published book
overseas. Played solo at Newport Jazz Festi-
name from "The Duke of Luxemburg' as a
Great Balls Of Fire '82). Of five ex-wives
val '75. Has taught at Harvard, City College
child. Infl. by Jimmy YANCEY; recorded
two are dead, the fourth found at the bot-
NYC, etc. See MODERN JAZZ QUARTET. De-
Honky Tonk Train Blues' for Paramoun
tom of 1 a swimming neel '82 00 diverse
East
3
form Works Progress
CURRENT BIOGRAPHY 1947
25
ber more than two hundred. One of the few
completely jammed by the crowd which had
songs he sings, which he did not write, is
turned out in O'Connell Square to see him.
"South of the Border," written for him in
His tour was ended after three weeks by the
1939, which sold some three million records
outbreak of World War II.
within two years.
In 1939 (as in 1937 and 1938) Autry was
Autry was selected for a different kind of
voted the top cowboy star in a poll of exhibi-
Western picture, featuring melody and "de-
tors, and the Saturday Evening Post published
emphasizing" violence, to be produced by Re-
a four-page article about him ("Tenor On
public Studios, then a new consolidation of
Horseback"). The year 1940 was an especially
minor motion-picture makers: after a first ap-
notable one for him. After one of his con-
pearance in 1934 in a square dance sequence
tract disputes with Republic, he won the right
in a Ken Maynard film, he was sent on a per-
to make a Paramount short subject and the
sonal appearance tour with the picture. Public
full-length Twentieth Century-Fox Shooting
reaction was favorable, and he was given the
High, with Jane Withers-his only "outside"
lead in a serial, The Phantom Empire. Tum-
pictures until 1947. Jimmy Durante and Ann
bling Tumbleweeds was the first picture in
Miller were cast in-his Melody Ranch. He went
what became the standard Autry pattern, even
on the air with his own Wrigley-sponsored
to the title derived from a Western ballad.
radio program. He made his first appearance in
Succeeding Autry pictures always showed the
Madison Square Garden. That same year
hero under his own name, accompanied by the
(1940) Autry was for the first time voted a
same "side-kicks," in stock company fashion.
place among the ten box-office leaders, rank-
Smiley Burnette, the comedian, and others of
ing after Mickey Rooney Spencer Tracy
the supporting cast were drawn from the
and Clark Gable and in November 1941
Barn Dance actors; Autry's horse, Champion,
Berwyn, Oklahoma (population 227), officially
was given billing and attracted fan mail of
changed its name to Gene Autry. Then, as
his own. In the early "horse operas" Autry
now, Autry received substantial royalties from
used the standard fade-out kiss, but the studio
forty to fifty commercial products, from cap
eliminated it when it was discovered that ro-
pistols to shaving cream, which bear his name.
mance annoyed the young boys in the Autry
The cowboy star enlisted in the World War
audience.
II Army Air Forces in July 1942, taking his
The rules for Autry's screen conduct, de-
oath over the air. (Six months earlier Autry
termined largely by the desire to have him
had formed a hundred-thousand-dollar rodeo;
exert a good influence upon boys, included
while in service, he exchanged it for a quarter-
these key points: "must always take the side
interest in the World's Championship Rodeo, of
of the oppressed", "must have no racial prej-
which he is also the main attraction.) As-
udices whatever". "must keep his actions hon-
signed to entertainment duty, the staff sergeant
orable always." Appearing in eight low-budget
took flying lessons in his spare time. Having
"quickies" in a year, Autry remained prac-
won his wings, Autry was transferred to the
tically unknown in large cities, but soon became
Air Transport Command, in which he co-
"the old mortgage lifter" to small-town ex-
piloted cargo-carrying C-47's to Europe, the
hibitors, especially in the West and South-
China-Burma-India theater, and the South
west. He is said by his studio to have played
Pacific. While on terminal leave (he was dis-
in more theaters and broken more house at-
charged in September 1945), Flight Officer Au-
tendance records than any other star. In a
try immediately went back to the Pacific the-
New York Times article, the writer discusses
ater with a USO Camp Shows unit. His fan
Autry as a model for the youth of the country
mail approximated 248,000 letters that year,
"Thousands of Gene Autry clubs are pledged
after his three-year absence. Autry's Sunday
to live the good life, and policy departments
radio program, now called Melody Ranch, re-
use his name to impress their safety campaigns
turned to the air as a quarter-hour show in
on school children." "Acting like a true Amer-
September 1945, and resumed its half-hour
ican is very important," is Autry's summary
time in, the spring of 1946.
of this aspect of his work. "These young
Autry's first pictures after his return to
people watch me very carefully and there are
civilian life-and his last for Republic-were
certain things they expect me to do and not
Sioux City Sue, Trail to San Antone, and
to do."
Robin Hood of Texas. In April 1947 the new
In 1936, when the cowboy singer went on
corporation, Gene Autry Productions, began
the first of his extended personal appearance
work on four pictures a year at the Columbia
tours, he took with him what the New York
studios on a fifty-fifty profit-sharing basis. Its
Evening Journal described as the most ex-
star and shareholder was already "in the ty-
pensive set ever built for a vaudeville act-a
coon class" by reason of his large holdings,
running waterfall before which he stood to
which include a chain of Texas movie theaters,
sing. In 1937 and 1938 Autry made guest ap-
a flying school. three Western radio stations,
pearances on "big time" radio programs. in-
five ranches, and two cowboy music publishing
cluding those of Eddie Cantor and Rudy
houses. one affiliated with ASCAP. the other
Vallee and in August 1939 he went to the
with Broadcast Music Incorporated. In 1947
British Isles with an air-conditioned trailer
Autry was also at work on his first color pic-
which housed Champion and another horse.
tures, Last Roundup and Strawberry Roan.
Autry has said that the greatest day in his
Since the burning of their Toluca Lake home
career was his arrival in Dublin, where he was
late in 1941, the Autrys have lived in the large
unable to reach the theater because traffic was
"week-end shack" on their "Melody Ranch" in