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Poland Trip [Research Materials, 1992] [OA 6900] [3]
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323154468
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Poland Trip [Research Materials, 1992] [OA 6900] [3]
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Records of the White House Office of Speechwriting (George H. W. Bush Administration)
Carol Aarhus Alpha Files
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This is not a textual record. This is used as an
administrative marker by the George Bush Presidential
Library Staff.
Record Group/Collection:
George H.W. Bush Presidential Records
Collection/Office of Origin:
Speechwriting, White House Office of
Series:
Aarhus, Carol, Files
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Alpha File, 1990-1992
OA/ID Number:
13865
Folder ID Number:
13865-003
Folder Title:
Poland Trip [Research Materials], 1992 [3]
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19
2
5
6
Weekly Compilation of
Presidential
Documents
Monday, March 25, 1991
Volume 27-Number 12
Pages 321-360
111 RESEARCH
3
Pres Documents
Administration of George Bush, 1991 / Mar. 20
City, County, State, and Federal Govern-
in the name of millions who convey their
ment-particularly in areas such as educa-
admiration and love-the people of the
tion, transportation, and the fight against
United States.
drug abuse. In recent years, more and more
Two years ago, Lech Walesa became only
Americans have realized what many have
the second private citizen from abroad to
known all along: that the answer to many of
address a joint session of the Congress. And
the problems before us can be found, not in
he impressed us then with his commitment
bigger Federal Government, but in effec-
to goodness, his passion for the hard-fought
tive local leadership and cooperation be-
necessity we call democracy. Today he re-
tween citizens and public officials at all
turns as his nation's first democratically
levels. Indeed, we know that government
elected President.
closest to the people is truly government
"of the people, by the people, and for the
Mr. President, you have led by principle
people." This is the essence of federalism
and example. You created a solidarity of
and democracy, and it is the key to meeting
spirit that inspired millions of Poles to risk
many of the challenges and opportunities
their lives in steel mills, shipyards, and ten-
before our country.
ements and towns. And after winning the
In recognition of the Nation's county gov-
fight for independence, you instilled the
ernments, the Congress, by Public Law
sense of tolerance essential for letting de-
101-470, has designated the week of April 7
mocracy set down roots in an unsettled
through April 13, 1991, as "National County
world. No wonder your countrymen sing to
Government Week" and has authorized and
you, "Sto lat, sto lat"-may he live 100
requested the President to issue a procla-
years.
mation in observance of this week.
But you also understand that the cause of
Now, Therefore, I, George Bush, Presi-
freedom cannot end at your own borders,
dent of the United States of America, do
and you proved it during the war in the
hereby proclaim the week of April 7
Persian Gulf. You joined us in demonstrat-
through April 13, 1991, as National County
ing to the entire world that we cannot
Government Week. I call upon the Ameri-
permit aggression to stand. And you taught
can people and their elected representa-
your countrymen that the answer to tyran-
tives at all levels of government to observe
ny is international solidarity. And in the
this week with appropriate programs, cere-
process, you helped shape a new world
monies, and activities.
order.
In Witness Whereof, I have hereunto set
That order, of course, began in Europe
my hand this 19th day of March, in the year
with the end of the cold war and the emer-
of our Lord nineteen hundred and ninety-
one, and of the Independence of the United
gence of a continent whole and free. You
States of America the two hundred and fif-
played a key role in helping Central and
teenth.
Eastern Europe join the commonwealth of
freedom. And you have worked hard to
George Bush
build a prosperous land upon tyranny's
ruins.
[Filed with the Office of the Federal Regis-
This is not an easy task. In your New
ter, 10:13 a.m., March 20, 1991]
Year's Eve message, you talked of reform:
political reform-you've called for fully free
parliamentary elections; intellectual reform
that can help man begin the hard work of
Remarks at the Welcoming Ceremony
freedom; spiritual reform, honoring the
for President Lech Walesa of Poland
One through whom all things are possible;
March 20, 1991
and finally, you've spoken of economic
reform, upon which so much depends. In
President Bush. Mr. President, to all our
your address to Congress, you said, "We are
Polish and American friends here today: A
not expecting philanthropy. But we would
poet once wrote, "Let me address you in
like to see our country treated as a partner
the name of millions." Today, I address you
and friend."
339
Mar. 20 / Administration of George Bush, 1991
Today we rededicate ourselves to the suc-
President Walesa. Honored Mr. Presi
cess of free democracy in Poland and
dent, thank you for such a nice welcome
throughout Central and Eastern Europe.
Thank you for your friendly words. I-am
Last week, the Paris Club agreed to cut
happy that I stepped again on the hospita-
Poland's official debt burden by at least 50
ble American land.
percent. The United States worked long
I come as the President of a sovereign
and hard to achieve that unprecedented
and democratic Republic of Poland, the
agreement, and we encourage other credi-
country which was the first to challenge
tors to join us in going beyond that 50-
communism and today is building a system
percent level. We certainly shall. We will
of freedom, democracy, and free enterprise.
reduce your indebtedness to us by a full 70
It is not a coincidence that it is America
percent, a portion of which will help Poland
which is the target of one of my first trips
an
fund a new foundation for the environment.
in my Presidential term of office. The
I am pleased to tell you, Mr. President,
United States has, for over 200 years, been
that I've asked the Congress to increase
exemplifying to the world how to build a
next year's grant assistance to these new
system of freedom. The United States led
democracies to $470 million, half again last
the free world defending values of democ-
year's request. And since the real engine of
racy and humanism. Your determination
progress is not aid but trade, I am pleased
and your civilizational bloom were the hope
to announce two new economic initiatives
of Poles opposing alien domination. It was
designed to help the nations of Central and
America, in the name of the international
Eastern Europe proceed along the path to
community, that restored recently peace
A:
growth and prosperity.
and justice in the Persian Gulf.
The American Business Initiative and the
Poland is not a world superpower; her
N
Trade Enhancement Initiative will encour-
actions do not have a global dimension. But
age businesses to invest in your future. In
it was Poland first in Central Europe to step
addition, Commerce Secretary Robert Mos-
upon the path of freedom. Poland is the
bacher will lead an investment mission to
country which paves the way for other na-
Poland this summer, letting U.S. businesses
tions liberating themselves from commu-
see the great opportunity the new Poland
nism.
offers.
Poland also took upon itself the burden of
So, as you can see, Mr. President, we
leading in the structuring of a market econ-
want your economic transformation to suc-
omy. We used in the past the assistance of
ceed, your new democracy to flourish. And
the United States of America-political, eco-
we call on other nations to follow our exam-
nomic, and first of all, moral.
ple.
Today, a major part of our debt burden
I
For two centuries, the love of liberty has
was reduced. Your personal involvement in
linked our lands. General Kosciusko was a
this cause has, for Poland, a historical di-
B
friend to our Founding Fathers, just as you
mension. It gives us new, great possibilities.
1
and His Holiness Pope John Paul II are our
For this help, I most cordially thank the
steadfast friends today. Mr. President, our
great American nation.
nations and heroes have long fought togeth-
The changes in Poland are not completed
P
er to defend the rights of man. This historic
yet. The political victory of Solidarity
commitment forms the core of the Joint
should be reflected in economic success.
Declaration of Principles that we will sign
Our success is important not only to us; it is
later today.
needed for Europe because it is a condition
Two hundred years ago, gallant Polish
of order and stability. It is needed by the
freedom fighters praised these principles
whole free world, for it extends its bound-
when they sang, "Poland is not lost while
aries by the central region of the continent,
Poles still live." Today we rejoice. Poland is
it extends the zone of democracy and secu-
not lost but has once again been found be-
rity.
cause men like you still live.
The relations between the Republic of
God bless you, your beloved land, and our
Poland and the United States have today
United States of America.
reached their peak after the war. One could
340
Administration of George Bush, 1991 / Mar. 20
even say that they reached their peak in
Just as Poles supported America's quest
the whole of history. Our countries are
for freedom and liberty more than two cen-
.linked by common values and the same
turies ago, so has America stood by Poland
ideals. We are linked by friendly collabora-
during her long years of darkness. When
tion on the international arena. I would like
the Polish people began to reassert control
this to be followed by a development of
over their national destinies, the United
mutually advantageous economic coopera-
States committed itself to supporting their
the
tion.
pioneering efforts to secure their freedom
Free Poland is becoming a country of
and to build a market economy and stable
new economic opportunities. It is worth to
democratic rule.
broaden the cooperation with it, to trade
Poland and the United States share an
and to invest. I invite you to this coopera-
interest in maintaining stability and security
tion, for it is going to be advantageous to
in the new Europe, and in working for the
The
both sides.
further strengthening of peace on the conti-
I know, Mr. President, that you're a sin-
nent. Our relations are based on the United
a
cere friend of Poland. I'm grateful to you
Nations Charter and principles of the Hel-
led
for your extremely goodwill interest in our
sinki Final Act and Paris Charter, including
problems. Our talks shall contribute to the
sovereign equality, territorial integrity, in-
strengthening of cooperation and the
violability of frontiers, non-intervention in
friendship of our nations.
internal affairs, and the rule of law. The
was
God bless you, Mr. President. God bless
United States attaches great importance to
America.
the consolidation and safeguarding of Po-
land's democracy and independence, which
Note: President Bush spoke at 10:12 a.m. at
her
it considers integral to the new Europe,
But
the South Portico of the White House, where
whole and free.
President Walesa was accorded a formal
Relations between Poland and the United
step
the
welcome with full military honors. Presi-
States have entered a new era of coopera-
dent Walesa spoke in Polish, and his re-
na-
tion and partnership. The United States and
marks were translated by an interpreter.
mu-
Poland are committed to developing their
Following the ceremony, the two Presidents
new partnership through an enhanced po-
of
met in the Oval Office.
litical dialogue and regular contacts in areas
of common interest.
econ-
of
Poland and the United States share the
eco-
conviction that the development of a
Declaration on Relations Between the
market economy in Poland is essential to its
urden
United States of America and the
stability and security. The United States re-
in
Republic of Poland
affirms its continued strong support for Po-
di-
March 20, 1991
land's courageous program of economic
reform. The Polish Stabilization Fund, the
the
For over 200 years the United States and
Polish-American Enterprise Fund, and U.S.
Poland have been bound by shared values
support in international financial institu-
and a commitment to the principles of de-
tions are among the tangible signs of that
darity
mocracy, human liberty and the rule of law.
commitment.
iccess.
The American Constitution of 1789 and the
Poland's firm commitment to an econom-
it
is
Polish Constitution of 1791 are enduring
ic reform program that enjoys the endorse-
dition
symbols of this special bond, which survived
ment and support of the International Mon-
the
even during the long periods when Poland's
etary Fund has made possible the mobiliza-
bound-
independence and liberty were denied. Our
tion of substantial new financial and other
tinent,
relations have been further sustained and
economic assistance from the international
secu-
enriched by the millions of Americans of
community. The United States and Poland
Polish descent who over the generations
have concluded a Treaty Concerning Busi-
of
have helped create a free and prosperous
ness and Economic Relations and other key
today
society in the United States.
agreements that should facilitate trade and
could
341
Mar. 20 / Administration of George Bush, 1991
investment needed for economic growth
pace of reform in general and the process
and prosperity.
of privatization in particular.
Poland is engaged in an economic trans-
Responding to requests for assistance
formation of historic proportions in which
from the Polish Government, the U.S. Gov-
its economic partners also have a key role
ernment provided over $300 million in
in assuring success. We therefore welcome
grant assistance in 1990 and offered sub-
the agreement of the Paris Club on the
stantial credits from the Export-Import
substantial reduction of Poland's foreign
Bank and the Overseas Private Investment
debt obligations, which represents an histor-
Corporation. The United States has begun
ic and exceptional step by the international
projects in agriculture, privatization, techni-
community to reinforce Poland's progress
cal training, and labor training, and concen-
toward democracy and the free market.
trated ventures in clean fossil fuels, and air
The United States and Poland are also
and water quality in the Krakow region.
committed to developing their new part-
All of these activities will' continue in
nership through closer cultural, educational,
1991, but U.S. technical assistance will
and scientific contacts.
expand considerably as we begin new ef-
forts to help restructure the Polish econo-
The United States and Poland are con-
vinced that these principles will further
my. The United States will also substantially
increase the amount of funds available for
strengthen the bonds of lasting friendship
and cooperation between both states, as an
equity investment through the Polish-Amer-
integral element of the broader partnership
ican Enterprise Fund and will initiate new
that binds the United States and Europe
programs. to encourage U.S. private sector
investment in Poland.
and of a new world order based on demo-
cratic values and the rule of law.
Assistance Activities
Washington, the 20th day of March, 1991.
1. Democratic Initiatives. U.S. programs
in this area will provide:
George Bush
Lech Walesa
-Equipment and training for the nation-
President of
President of
al legislature, focusing primarily on the
the United States
the Republic of
establishment of parliamentary proce-
of America
Poland
dures and the development of effective
research and information systems.
-Training for local and regional legisla-
Note: The declaration was made available
tures, city and regional managers, and
by the Office of the Press Secretary but was
other local public administrators in the
not issued as a White House press release.
basic skills of governance and adminis-
tration.
-Support for independent media, includ-
ing the establishment of a Media Re-
source Center in Poland.
White House Fact Sheet on United
2. Food Aid. In 1990, the United States
States Assistance to Poland
provided over $90 million in food aid to
March 20, 1991
Poland. This assistance was intended to help
stem Poland's declining standard of living
and ease the budget crunch by improving
Recent Economic Developments
the efficiency of private agriculture. Thanks
In 1990, Poland adopted and implement-
in part to the effect of the market on sup-
ed a comprehensive program of economic
plies, major food aid will not be needed in
reforms more extensive than that of any
1991.
other country in Central and Eastern
3. Stabilization Fund. The United States
Europe. The new government of President
granted $200 million to the Polish Stabiliza-
Walesa is taking important steps to further
tion Fund in 1990 as part of a U.S.-led mul-
the development of a market economy by
tidonor hard currency reserve in support of
placing special emphasis on speeding up the
the transformation of the economy. The
342
Administration of George Bush, 1991 / Mar. 20
fund made possible limited convertibility of
additional $7.5 billion in funding to Eastern
the Polish zloty by creating a reserve to be
Europe by the International Monetary
the process
used by the Polish Government if additional
Fund (IMF).
foreign exchange is needed. Poland has not
10. The U.S. Agency for International De-
assistance
had to draw on the fund to date, and has
velopment is launching a number of new
e U.S. Gov-
earned substantial interest that the Polish
activities which will focus on the develop-
million in
Government may use in support of its eco-
ment of the private sector in Poland. Some
offered sub-
nomic programs.
of these projects are:
port-Import
4. The Polish-American Enterprise Fund,
Privatization and Enterprise Restructur-
Investment
to be capitalized at $240 million, received
ing will provide technical assistance to pre-
has begun
$35 million in FY 1990, and will be given
pare state-owned enterprises for privatiza-
tion, techni-
an additional $69 million in FY 1991. This
tion, to assist private firms to operate more
and concen-
privately managed investment fund can
efficiently, and to help Government agen-
uels, and air
take equity or debt positions in new busi-
cies put in place the policies, laws, and reg-
kow region.
nesses or recently privatized firms, leverag-
ulations necessary to privatization.
continue in
ing private capital and often facilitating
The American Business and Private
sistance will
joint ventures. For instance, the fund is al-
Sector Development Initiative will stimulate
gin new ef-
ready financing private banking, new hous-
the transfer of U.S. technology and the flow
'olish econo-
ing construction, and agribusinesses.
of U.S. capital to Eastern Europe by pro-
substantially
5. Environment and Energy. U.S. pro-
moting business opportunities in the region
available for
grams carried out by AID, the EPA, and
for American firms.
Polish-Amer-
the Department of Energy will provide
equipment and technical assistance for
The Competition Policies, Laws, and Reg-
initiate new
clean fossil fuels, technical assistance for air
ulations project provides technical assist-
rivate sector
and water quality, and technical assistance
ance in rewriting laws and regulations re-
to redress decades of environmental degra-
garding taxation, antitrust, and the owner-
dation. The United States is also providing
ship and transfer of private property.
In the Financial Services sector we will
rams
assistance in improving energy efficiency.
6. Labor Market Transition. The Depart-
assist in the critical development of a com-
or the nation-
ment of Labor is providing help in the de-
petitive banking industry and help create
new financial institutions.
narily on the
velopment of unemployment insurance, job
entary proce-
retraining, the creation of regional unem-
Management Training and Economics
it of effective
ployment centers, and other "safety-net"
Education will help develop the technical,
mechanisms to assist those most disadvan-
management, and economics skills neces-
ystems.
gional legisla-
taged during the transition to a market
sary to operate a market-oriented economy.
hanagers, and
economy. The AFL/CIO is helping with the
In the Housing sector we will provide
trators in the
strengthening of trade unions and the re-
technical assistance for development of
and adminis-
training of the labor force.
housing markets and a competitive housing
7. Peace Corps. Approximately 100 volun-
construction industry.
nedia, includ-
teers are in Poland teaching English, work-
In Agriculture and Agribusiness we are
a Media Re-
ing on environmental projects, and assisting
helping to develop a true cooperative
with small businesses.
system and create the framework for fur-
8. Trade and Development Program
ther privatization.
United States
(TDP). TDP is financing over $4 million in
In the Humanitarian sector, we are assist-
1 food aid to
feasibility studies, consultancies, and train-
ing with the improvement of health care
ended to help
ing programs for major development
and the creation of an improved social
dard of living
projects with large export potential for the
safety net.
by improving
U.S. private sector.
11. In addition, the Citizens Democracy
ulture. Thanks
9. International Financial Institutions.
Corps, a private voluntary organization cre-
arket on sup-
The United States, as lead shareholder, has
ated with the assistance of a U.S. Govern-
be needed in
encouraged the World Bank (IBRD) to pro-
ment grant, is helping to mobilize the re-
vide strong support to Eastern Europe's re-
sources of the private sector to assist in the
United States
development. The Bank already has plans
Polish transition. CDC Chairman Drew
olish Stabiliza-
to lend $9 billion to countries of the region.
Lewis is directing a major effort to modern-
a U.S.-led mul-
We have also led the way in obtaining an
ize the Polish transportation and distribu-
e in support of
economy. The
343
Mar. 20 / Administration of George Bush, 1991
tion system. Hundreds of private U.S. orga-
cent of outstanding claims via debt/equity,
nizations are mounting their own programs
debt-for-nature, or other debt swaps.
in Poland as well.
To lead this effort, the President an-
nounced that the United States was pre-
pared to increase U.S. debt relief for Poland
beyond the 50-percent level agreed in the
Paris Club. We propose to do this in the
White House Fact Sheet on the
following two ways:
Reduction of Poland's Debt
-Additional bilateral debt reduction
March 20, 1991
within the two stage operation.
-A write-off of 10 percent of Poland's
Today President Bush warmly endorsed
stock of debt to the United States. This
the historic agreement between the Gov-
action will enable the Government of
ernment of Poland and its government
Poland to provide local currency re-
creditors in the Paris Club to reduce Po-
sources to fund a foundation for the
land's debt obligations to official creditors.
environment.
This package represents a strong signal of
As a result of these additional steps,
creditor support for Polish economic and
Polish debt to the United States would be
democratic reforms. Together with a new
reduced by a total of 70 percent in real
3-year program with the International Mon-
terms.
etary Fund (IMF) and continued reforms, it
The unilateral actions by the United
should help encourage new private invest-
States would raise the total debt reduction
ment and capital flows to Poland and pro-
under the multilateral Paris Club agree-
vide a sound basis for sustained economic
ment from the agreed minimum consensus
growth. The agreement is the successful
level of 50 percent to 52 percent. The
culmination of vigorous U.S. efforts to
President strongly encourages other credi-
achieve a multilateral agreement offering
tor governments to take similar additional
substantial benefits to Poland.
actions and provide bilateral relief beyond
Specifically, the agreement provides for
the 50-percent level.
the reduction of Polish debt by a minimum
of 50 percent in real terms. The debt re-
duction will be formally adopted by the
Paris Club once Poland's IMF program has
White House Fact Sheet on American
been approved (expected in April). The re-
Business and Private Sector
structuring will occur in two stages:
Development Initiative for Central and
-The first stage involves 30-percent
Eastern Europe
relief on a net present value basis and
includes cash flow relief of 80 percent
March 20, 1991
for the crucial first 3 years of the agree-
U.S. trade and investment can play a
ment.
major role in supporting political and eco-
-The second stage consists of 20-percent
nomic reforms in Central and Eastern
relief on a net present value basis after
Europe. The American Business and Private
3 years, upon successful completion by
Sector Development Initiative is designed
Poland of the IMF program.
to promote the growth of U.S. investment,
In each stage, creditor governments will
participation by U.S. firms in infrastructure
have the option of pursuing equivalent
development, and increased involvement of
relief through debt reduction, interest re-
small and medium-sized U.S. companies in
duction, or capitalization of interest on
bilateral trade.
concessional terms.
This initiative is a $45 million 2-year
Governments will also have the option of
project carried out by AID, the Department
further reducing Polish obligations beyond
of Commerce, the Overseas Private Invest-
the consensus level of 50-percent reduction
ment Corporation, and the U.S. Trade and
through (a) additional bilateral relief and (b)
Development Program in partnership with
the voluntary conversion of up to 10 per-
the private sector.
344
Administration of George Bush, 1991 / Mar. 20
ia
quity,
SW
Primary emphasis will be on five key sec-
extending increased access to its own
President an-
tors identified by the Central and Eastern
market and in encouraging the European
tates was pre-
European countries and ourselves as of key
Community and others to do the same.
-lief for Poland
importance: agriculture and agribusiness,
Listed below are additional initiatives in the
agreed in the
energy, environment, telecommunications,
trade area that the United States is under-
do this in the
and housing.
taking at this time.
The six elements of the program are:
(1) GSP Duty-free Benefits
bt reduction
-An American Business Center in
Warsaw, Poland, which will make avail-
The President is expected to approve
ation.
nt of Poland's
able office space and technical business
shortly a significant expansion of duty-free
ed States. This
services on a user-fee basis in coopera-
benefits covering $182 million in Central
Government of
tion with the private sector.
and Eastern European country exports
currency re-
-Consortia of American businesses in
under the Generalized System of Prefer-
lation for the
Eastern Europe which will support
ences (GSP). Czechoslovakia will be added
groups of mainly small and medium-
to the list of beneficiaries which already in-
ditional steps,
sized U.S. companies wishing to enter
cludes Poland, Hungary, and Yugoslavia.
the East European market. Grants will
These increases are in addition to $500 mil-
ates would be
ercent in real
assist U.S. trade and business associa-
lion in duty-free imports from Central and
tions in selected sectors in establishing
Eastern Europe at this time. In addition,
the United
a presence in the region.
the President has decided to speed up im-
lebt reduction
-Expansion of Commerce's Eastern
plementation of $176 million in benefits to
Europe Business Information Center, to
May 1 from the traditional July 1 date.
Club agree-
develop information and provide assist-
Over half of the expanded Eastern Euro-
um consensus
percent. The
ance to U.S. and East European compa-
pean GSP benefit will go to Poland-$93.3
S other credi-
nies interested in trade and investment.
million of the $182.4 million. This action
ilar additional
-An AID Capital Development Initia-
will more than double the amount of Po-
relief beyond
tive, designed to provide assistance to
land's duty-free exports under GSP.
Eastern European Governments and
(2) Overcoming Informational Barriers to
private sector firms in designing infra-
Trade
structure projects in ways that will en-
courage the involvement of U.S. com-
The administration will sponsor a series of
seminars designed to ensure Central and
panies.
American
-Additional funding for feasibility studies
Eastern European countries' understanding
by the Trade and Development Pro-
of U.S. trade laws including antidumping
Central and
gram related to the five sectors de-
and countervailing duty provisions (AD/
scribed above.
CVD); familiarity with the GSP program
-We are also seeking legislative author-
and procedures; access to data on trade
ity to expand OPIC's pilot equity in-
flows and on U.S. quota fill rates; familiarity
can play a
vestment program to include Eastern
with open procurement laws and proce-
tical and eco-
dures.
Europe, so that OPIC can make direct
and Eastern
investments in promising joint ven-
AD/CVD. The Department of Commerce
SS and Private
will conduct seminars for Eastern European
tures.
e is designed
officials on U.S. anti-dumping and counter-
i. investment,
vailing duty. laws. These seminars, to which
infrastructure
interested enterprise representatives will be
volvement of
welcome, will focus on the methodology
companies in
White House Fact Sheet on Trade
used to analyze dumping in nonmarket eco-
Enhancement Initiative for Central and
nomic cases. The Commerce Department
illion 2-year
Eastern Europe
will also discuss the implications under AD/
Department
March 20, 1991
CVD laws of the move toward greater
rivate Invest-
market orientation.
S. Trade and
From the beginning, U.S. support for po-
GSP. Commerce, State, and USTR repre-
mership with
litical and economic reform in Eastern
sentatives will conduct a series of GSP semi-
Europe has emphasized not only aid but
nars in eligible Central and Eastern Euro-
trade. The United States has led the way in
pean countries to ensure that enterprises
345
Mar. 20 / Administration of George Bush, 1991
are familiar with GSP benefits and proce-
perts, led by the Office of the U.S. Trade
cluding i
dures for taking full advantage of the pro-
Representative, to conduct a prompt and
ations, th
gram. The next seminar series is scheduled
intensive review of internal and external
tation pr
for late March in Prague, Budapest, and
barriers to expanded trade with the region
ducted I
Warsaw.
and to propose specific solutions to prob-
Disarmar
Quotas. Embassies in Central and Eastern
lems identified.
As th
European countries will be kept informed
on quota fill rates and ensure, in coopera-
(5) Access to the European Community
changes
U.S.S.R.
tion with responsible host government offi-
The President is challenging the Europe-
importar
cials, chambers of commerce, etc., that this
an Community, Central and Eastern Eu-
control a
information is available to local producers.
rope's largest market, with the largest po-
Procurement. Commerce and OMB are
tential for trade expansion, to redouble its
prepared to organize a series of seminars
efforts to open its markets to Central and
The Wb
for Central and Eastern European countries
Eastern European countries and to open all
March 2
on recommended government procurement
sectors (including agriculture) for liberaliza-
laws and transparent procedures which, if
tion under the free-trade area agreements
adopted, would result in savings, purchase
now under negotiation with Poland, Hunga-
of improved products, and fair competition
ry, and Czechoslovakia.
and would also enable these countries to
Proclar
seek accession to the (GATT) Agreement on
U.S.A.,
Government Procurement.
March
(3) Regional Economic Development
Message to the Congress Transmitting
By the
Initiative (REDI)
the Annual Report of the United States
Arms Control and Disarmament
of Am
The administration is developing a pro-
gram to promote new commercial ties be-
Agency
A Proc
tween companies and business organiza-
March 20, 1991
Toda
tions in comparable economic regions of the
paign
United States and Central and Eastern
To the Congress of the United States:
fail-a
Europe, with a particular focus on promot-
I am pleased to transmit the United
vitalize
ing trade with the region's burgeoning pri-
States Arms Control and Disarmament
Nation:
vate sector.
Agency annual report for 1990. This report
These
The Commerce Department program
deserves your close review.
child s!
will match companies in complementary
The year 1990 witnessed the signing of
gradua
economic regions in the United States and
the multilateral Conventional Armed
suring
Central and Eastern Europe. The program,
Forces in Europe (CFE) Treaty, which,
tent
using existing Commerce Department re-
when satisfactorily implemented, will be a
progre
sources and facilities (e.g., the Eastern Eu-
major step in reducing the numbers of de-
rankin
ropean Business Information Center and
ployed weapons in the area bounded by the
mathe
U.S. Foreign Commercial Service offices),
Ural Mountains and the Atlantic Ocean.
every
will focus on building a data base of region-
The U.S.-U.S.S.R. Chemical Weapons De-
sesses
al and local business leaders and groups in
struction Agreement was also signed. Sig-
the te
the United States and Eastern Europe. This
nificantly, both the Treaty Between the
in the
information will be particularly useful in
United States and the Soviet Union on Un-
school
matching small and medium-sized U.S.
derground Nuclear Weapon Tests (TTBT)
Ach
companies with counterparts in Eastern Eu-
and the Treaty on Underground Nuclear
childr
rope's burgeoning private sector and in pro-
Explosions for Peaceful Purposes (PNET)
skills
moting new trade and investment ties
entered into force. Substantial progress was
becon
among these entities.
made during 1990 in the Strategic Arms
in ou
Reductions Talks (START) and in our efforts
of on
(4) Removal of Impediments to Trade
to curb the worldwide proliferation of
fruitf
Expansion
weapons of mass destruction.
vorce
The President is prepared to send to
The Arms Control and Disarmament
hand.
Poland and other reforming Central and
Agency's 1990 annual report provides de-
direc
Eastern European countries a team of ex-
tails of these and other developments, in-
becon
346
Mar. 20 / Administration of George Bush, 1991
The Congress, by House Joint Resolution
You've brought us all to the verge of a new
dent,
104, has designated March 26, 1991, as
and freer world. And you helped a nation
relief
"Education Day, U.S.A." and has authorized
and a planet, if you will, summon lightness
ber thi
and requested the President to issue a proc-
against the dark.
TwQ
lamation in observance of this day.
You've delivered the message of freedom
home
Now, Therefore, I, George Bush, Presi-
everywhere. Go to Gdansk or Warsaw-
Ameril
dent of the United States of America, do
they know that by rediscovering its past,
sinceri
hereby proclaim March 26, 1991, as Educa-
Poland is uplifting the future. Mr. Presi-
many
tion Day, U.S.A. I call upon all Americans to
dent, under you, sir, Poles have learned
like to
observe this day with appropriate ceremo-
anew that the individual, not the state, is
Polanc
nies and activities.
the voice of tomorrow. You've used that
to the
In Witness Whereof, I have hereunto set
voice to unlock minds and boundaries, en-
dent 4
my hand this twentieth day of March, in
larging Poland's horizons and helping build
third i
the year of our Lord nineteen hundred and
a new Europe, whole and free. For that, I
So,
ninety-one, and of the Independence of the
thank you on behalf of every American.
To the
United States of America the two hundred
Let me close with a story that shows the
magni
and fifteenth.
spiritual ties that bind our lands. It hap-
George Bush
pened in 1776, when America was at a
Note:
turning point in its history. A great Polish
the St
[Filed with the Office of the Federal Regis-
patriot fought with the Colonies, then re-
Presid
ter, 11:34 a.m., March 21, 1991]
turned to Poland with a simple three-word
message. Today, 200 years later, you have
returned General Kosciusko's message to
the country of its birth: liberty, security,
Toasts at the State Dinner for President
property. These words inspired the Joint
Declaration of Principles that we signed
Rema
Lech Walesa of Poland
today.
Ange
March 20, 1991
And so, now may I invite all our guests to
Repo
raise our glasses to Polish-American friend-
Attor
President Bush. Mr. President and Mrs.
Walesa, 2 years ago Barbara and I had the
ship; to the health of our dear, admired
Marc.
privilege of dining at your home in Gdansk.
friend; and to the liberty we can and must
achieve for all the children of the world.
The
And today we are simply delighted to have
you and other members of the Polish dele-
Mr. President, sto lat. May you live 100
erybo
years. God bless you.
here?
gation at the White House.
It's been said that the character of a
President Walesa. Mr. President, ladies
Mr.
people is embodied in its leaders. And that
and gentlemen, I'm convinced that I shall
The
is certainly true of tonight's honored guest.
be at a loss for words to express my grati-
Mr.
Eight years ago you were unable to visit
tude. It is for the second time that I'm
The
Norway to accept the Nobel Peace Prize.
present in the White House. It is, to me, a
that I
Tonight, America salutes you as an apostle
reason for honor, and it is moving.
updat
of peace throughout the world.
It is also proof of the friendship that links
going
Some leaders reflect their time. Mr. Presi-
the American nation with the Polish nation.
revie'
dent, you have defined your time. You have
This friendship was seen by the hundreds of
gener
been resolute in defeat and magnanimous
thousands of Poles who, here, found their
specif
in victory. You have fought to preserve lib-
second motherland. They came from across
We
erty for all: for individuals, choice; for soci-
the ocean because they were looking for
and
eties, pluralism; for nations, self-determina-
freedom. America was freedom to them
Los
tion. To a crisis of the spirit, you supplied
and remained a symbol of freedom.
specit
an answer of the spirit-an answer forged
Today, we and the country on the Vistula
stir u
upon trust in God and man.
River also have freedom. Nobody, thank
viole
Over the centuries Poland suffered
God, has to leave Poland. We have
ficials
through a winter of adversity. But you and
achieved new prospects through the reduc-
law
your countrymen have delivered Poland
tion of the Polish debt. We are deeply
admi
into a springtime of thrilling possibility.
grateful for the role which you, Mr. Presi-
breac
348
Administration of George Bush 1991 / Mar. 21
of a new
dent, played in this magnificent act. It is a
will prosecute violators to the full extent of
1 a nation
relief for millions of Poles. We shall remem-
the law.
1 lightness
ber this.
The vast majority of our law enforcement
Two years ago, you were a guest in my
professionals obey the law scrupulously-
f freedom
home in Gdansk. Now, I am your guest in
even in situations of great danger, even
Warsaw-
America. I am met here with undescribable
when they suspect that the criminals they
g its past,
sincerity. I hope that we shall meet on
arrest soon may go free. These brave men
Mr. Presi-
many more occasions. At the end, I would
and women need the support of local gov-
e learned
like to toast the most popular politician in
ernments. I have supported, and I will con-
e state, is
Poland. [Laughter] Today it was passed on
tinue to vigorously support, honest police
used that
to the mass media-this politician, Presi-
officers who obey the law.
daries, en-
dent George Bush. [Laughter] I came up
I have in my mind that 83 police officers,
ping build
third in the poll. [Laughter]
just in the last 15 months, have lost their
For that, I
So, to your health and that of your wife.
lives in the line of duty. They need the
rican.
To the health of all present here, all the
support of the court system, and they need
shows the
magnificent American friends, your health.
the faith and the support of local citizens.
Is. It hap-
Nothing is more important than defending
was at a
Note: President Bush spoke at 8:15 p.m. in
a sense of national decency and promoting
reat Polish
the State Dining Room at the White House.
the rule of law.
5, then re-
President Walesa spoke in Polish, and his
I was shocked by what I saw in that
three-word
remarks were translated by an interpreter.
tape-that violence. And to the degree
you have
there's a Federal role here, I'm confident
nessage to
we will go the extra mile to see that that is
1, security,
fulfilled. I might add that the Attorney
int
General and I remain fully committed to
W
ed
Remarks on Police Brutality in Los
the passage of our crime bill which would
Angeles and an Exchange With
give us the tools we need to more effective-
ir guests to
Reporters During a Meeting With
ly wage the war against crime. And as I said
can friend-
Attorney General Dick Thornburgh
on my statement to the Congress, I would
r, admired
March 21, 1991
hope that Congress would move fast. I
1 and must
think there's strong support now in Con-
the world.
The President. Marlin, have you told ev-
gress for this legislation.
u live 100
erybody that I will have a statement to say
Thank you all very much.
here?
Q. Have you spoken to Chief Gates, sir?
lent, ladies
Mr. Fitzwater. Yes, sir.
Have you spoken with Chief Gates since
that I shall
The President. Want to fire it up?
this incident?
S my grati-
Mr. Fitzwater. 1 think we're ready.
The President. No
e that I'm
The President. Well, let me simply say
Q. Do you think he should hang in or
is, to me, a
that I've asked the Attorney General for an
resign?
g.
update on our crime bill. And he's also
The President. I think that's a matter for
p that links
going to brief me on the Department's
Los Angeles. As many of you know, I feel
lish nation.
review of allegations of police misconduct
that in many ways he has been an exempla-
nundreds of
generally, and then the Los Angeles case
ry police chief. He's been out front on
found their
specifically.
doing things for kids. I remember attending
from across
We've all seen those shocking videotapes
the D.A.R.E. program out there with him. I
looking for
and have seen transcripts of the incident in
remember attending-seeing ex post facto
n to them
Los Angeles. And without getting into the
the wonderful job that the Los Angeles
m.
specifics of the case, those terrible. scenes
police did on buttoning up these crack
the Vistula
stir us all to demand an end to gratuitous
houses. I'm familiar with the job the Los
ody, thank
violence and brutality. Law enforcement of-
Angeles police are doing in fighting gangs.
We have
ficials cannot place themselves above the
But in terms of this case, certainly I think
1 the reduc-
law that they are sworn to defend. This
the man is entitled to his say. And it's a
are deeply
administration will investigate possible
matter, the way I see it, for the local police
M Presi-
breaches of Federal law aggressively and
department. The violation of Federal law
349
PUBLIC PAPERS OF THE PRESIDENTS
OF THE
UNITED STATES
George Bush
PLURIBUS
1989
(IN TWO BOOKS)
BOOK II-JULY 1 TO DECEMBER 31, 1989
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
WASHINGTON : 1990
Nov. 13 / Administration of George Bush, 1989
ber 17, 1991. He would succeed Thomas A.
Law (J.D., 1961). He was born July 5, 1932,
Bolan.
in New York, NY. Mr. Barclay was commis-
Since 1961 Mr. Barclay has served as a
sioned as a second lieutenant in the Artil-
partner and associate in the law firm of
lery in the U.S. Army Reserve in 1955. He
Hiscock and Barclay in Syracuse, NY. Mr.
is married, has five children, and resides in
Barclay graduated from Yale College (B.A.,
Pulaski, NY.
1955) and Syracuse University College of
Remarks on Presenting the Presidential Medal of Freedom to Lech
Walesa and the Presidential Citizen's Medal to Lane Kirkland
November 13, 1989
The President. Just before Christmas
Walesa, the liberation of the Polish people.
1981, a darkness descended across Poland
We saw empty chairs in Maine and Penn-
for the third time this century. What had
sylvania, Rhode Island and Illinois. And at
begun as a year of hope and freedom ended
Notre Dame, the crowd stood for 3 minutes
in violence and repression. In snow-filled
in cheering tribute to the empty chair and
crossroads and town squares across Poland,
the man who wasn't there. At Holy Cross,
iron tanks rumbled to a stop. Lech Walesa
Lane Kirkland accepted the award on Lech
made the sign of the cross on the foreheads
Walesa's behalf. And back in Poland, in a
of his sleeping children and was taken away
humble wooden church on the outskirts of
into the night. Solidarity, a movement em-
Gdansk, an empty chair was placed near
bracing the Polish Nation, was outlawed.
the altar for the baptism of tiny Maria Vic-
Communications with the outside world
toria, Lech's seventh child, a little girl he'd
were cut. And Poland awoke to snow and
never seen.
steel and silence, an entire nation impris-
For 8 years, these empty chairs and the
oned.
American people have waited for you to
But you can't lock up a dream. One by
come. We waited because we believe in
one, candles lit the windows of Poland's
freedom. We waited because we believe in
farmhouses and tenements, silent beacons
Poland. And we waited because we believe
of liberty still burning in the hearts of a
in you. And today the waiting is over. Lech
brave and ancient people. And that Christ-
Walesa, man of freedom, is at the White
mas Eve, not far from where we stand, a
House. We think of it as the house of free-
candle burned all night in the White House,
dom. Lech Walesa, on behalf of the people
like others all across America, glowing with
of the United States, I am proud to say to
solidarity with the Polish people.
you: Take your place in this house of free-
When spring came, a time of renewal and
dom. Take your place in the empty chair.
rebirth, Lech Walesa's fate was still un-
Now you can have a seat.
known. And as colleges and universities ap-
In just a few days, you will be the second
proached graduation, one by one, again and
private citizen from abroad-second in our
again, the same two names were heard.
history-to ever address a joint meeting of
Lech Walesa and Solidarity. Of course,
Congress, after the Marquis de Lafayette in
Lech Walesa could not come to accept
1824. And like him, you helped win an his-
those honorary degrees. And so, in crowded
toric struggle. And like him, you represent
assembly halls and packed arenas across
not only a people but also an idea-an idea
America, where every precious space was
whose time has come. And nothing can stop
filled with proud and loving families, stage
an idea whose time has come. That idea is
after stage held a single, unfilled place-an
freedom. The time is now.
empty chair, bearing only the Solidarity
You were called a nobody, but Lenin and
banner-awaiting the release of Lech
Stalin have been disproved not by Presi-
1510
Administration of George Bush, 1989 / Nov. 13
is born July 5, 1932,
dents or princes but by the likes of an elec-
year by year, courageous new voices are
trician from Gdansk and his fellow workers
raised in a hundred languages-Spanish,
Barclay was commis-
tenant in the Artil-
in a brave union called Solidarity. The Iron
German, Chinese, Russian. And yet from
Reserve in 1955. He
Curtain is fast becoming a rusted, aban-
these varied lips comes a word all can un-
doned relic, symbolizing a lost era, a failed
derstand: freedom. And with one voice, the
dren, and resides in
ideology. And the change is everywhere-
people of the world have spoken: freedom.
Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia. And
In America, it's our greatest natural re-
ladies and gentlemen, the week that
source, the secret of our success. And free-
brought Lech Walesa to America is the
dom will bring success to Poland, too.
week that the headlines proclaimed, "And
American aid has begun, and more is
edom to Lech
the Wall Comes Tumbling Down."
coming. From Washington to Warsaw,
So, what is happening in Berlin and on
Kansas City to Krakow, from Green Bay to
Kirkland
our television screens is astounding. World
Gdansk, Americans are linked in spirit with
War II, fought for freedom, ironically left
the Polish people in their brave struggle for
the world divided between the free and the
opportunity, prosperity, and freedom.
unfree; and most of us alive today were
of the Polish people.
Lech Walesa, by your abiding faith and
born into that sundered world. And now
in Maine and Penn-
almost 50 years have passed, and some have
by the miracle of democracy's new birth in
and Illinois. And at
wondered all these years why we stayed in
your homeland, you have come to personify
1 stood for 3 minutes
Berlin. And let me tell you! We stayed be-
the new breeze that is sweeping the world,
the empty chair and
cause we knew, we just knew-all Ameri-
East and West-the spiritual godfather of a
ere. At Holy Cross,
cans-that this day would come. And now a
new generation of democracy. And even
1 the award on Lech
century that was born in war and revolu-
while Solidarity was banned, your example
ack in Poland, in a
tion may bequeath a legacy of peace un-
and the example of the Polish people was
outskirts of
thinkable only a few years ago.
mirrored across Asia when "People Power"
air
blaced near
The story of our times is the story of
became a chant, first in the Philippines and
m of tiny Maria Vic-
brave men and women who seized a
then in Pakistan and South Korea and, yes,
ild, a little girl he'd
moment, who took a stand. Lech Walesa
even in Tiananmen Square. The whole
showed how one individual could inspire
world is watching, and the whole world is
npty chairs and the
others-in them a faith so powerful that it
with you.
waited for you to
vindicated itself-changed the course of a
Thank you, Poland, for showing us that
ause we believe in
nation. History may make men, but Lech
the dream is alive. And thank you, Poland,
ecause we believe in
Walesa has made history. And I believe his-
for showing us that a dream wrought by
I because we believe
tory continues to be made every day by
flesh and blood cannot be stilled by walls of
waiting is over. Lech
small daily acts of courage, by people who
steel. Thank you, Poland, and thank you,
om, is at the White
strive to make a difference. Such people,
Lech Walesa.
as the house of free-
says Lech, "are everywhere, in every facto-
And now, it is with great pride that I
behalf of the people
ry, steel mill, mine, and shipyard-every-
bestow the medal, previously awarded to
am proud to say to
where." And we've certainly seen them in
the likes of Martin Luther King and Presi-
n this house of free-
the American labor movement, where from
dent John F. Kennedy, Anwar Sadat,
in the empty chair.
the leadership of Lane Kirkland to the rank
Mother Teresa. It is our nation's highest ci-
it.
and file across the country, they have strug-
vilian honor. So, Mr. Walesa, if you'll come
ou will be the second
gled in the vanguard of the free labor
over here, let me read the citation:
road-second in our
movement around the world.
SS a joint meeting of
Our own humble electrician, Ben Frank-
To Lech Walesa, of Gdansk, Poland, the Presi-
:quis de Lafayette in
lin, declared that "Our cause is the cause of
dential Medal of Freedom. Lech Walesa has
all mankind, for we are fighting for their
shown through his life and work the power of
u helped win an his-
one individual's ideals when combined with the
him, you represent
liberty in defending our own." And like
irresistible force of freedom. Through moral au-
also an idea-an idea
Franklin, who seized lightning from the
thority, force of personality, and demonstrated
And nothing can stop
skies and brought it to Earth, Lech Walesa
heroism, he has inspired a nation and the world
.S come. That idea is
seized an idea, a powerful idea, and with it
in the cause of liberty. The United States honors
ow.
electrified the world. The idea is freedom.
a true. man of his times and of timeless ideals:
body, but Lenin and
And the time is now.
Lech Walesa, distinguished son of Poland, cham-
rove ot by Presi-
Country by country, people by people,
pion of universal human rights.
1511
Nov. 13 / Administration of George Bush, 1989
Mr. Walesa. Mr. President, ladies and
to free trade unions I feel we must recog-
gentlemen, I'm deeply moved and gratified
nize. You all know how crucial has been the
that I'm here, in the Capital of the United
work of the AFL-CIO in helping Solidar-
States of America and the White House,
ność through difficult times and in promot-
greeted so warmly by President George
ing free trade unions and democracy
Bush in the company of American-Polish
around the world. So, Lane Kirkland, would
friends.
you please come up here, sir. For over a
One of the greatest dreams of my life has
decade, under your leadership, you and the
thus been fulfilled. I'm full of admiration
union have been pathbreakers for freedom,
for your country not because it's a big
continuing the support for free trade unions
power and not because it's rich, even
around the world. And in Eastern Europe,
though one could envy that. I admire
your support was crucial. And you were
America as a country of freedom-freedom
there-you, personally, were there-in the
of man and freedom of a nation. You took
hour of greatest need, helping to keep alive
that freedom yourself. Nobody gave it to
the dream of democracy in Poland.
you as a present. You built it through your
And so, Lane, on behalf of a grateful
hard work, step by step. You created won-
nation, I want to present you with the Pres-
derful democratic institutions, which are an
idential Citizen's Medal. And the citation
example for many other countries. But
reads:
most, before others, you created human at-
tachments to freedom.
As President of the AFL-CIO, Joseph Lane Kirk-
America is a free country because Ameri-
land has worked tirelessly and effectively in sup-
port of Solidarity, free trade unions, and demo-
can workers and farmers are and want to
cratic principles. America honors him for this
be free-technicians and engineers, bankers
dedication, which has helped spread the lamp of
and industrialists. America is rich with its
liberty in Eastern Europe and across the globe.
freedom. It shares it with the immigrants.
Some are looking for freedom from misery,
Congratulations!
and others are looking for freedom from
Mr. Kirkland. Mr. President, you must
persecutions. That is why I so highly cherish
like surprises because I was extraordinarily
the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Poles
surprised by your very generous act in ena-
know the price of freedom as very few na-
bling me to share an honor with the man
tions of the world. They know how to fight
who towers in the world today for his
for freedom. They know how to defend
achievements: Lech Walesa.
freedom. Now my country has entered the
I can only say that it's what I think I try
road of freedom. It's rebuilding its inde-
my best to stand for today that merits any
pendence and democracy. It's restoring
such recognition. And what I do stand for-
sense to labor and economy. I'm sure that
the instrument and the principle of free
we will not get away from that road.
trade unionism-is today a lever that can
Mr. President, for yours and our freedom,
move the world. And to serve that is a
for the American Nation, for the freedom of
privilege for any person. Thank you again,
all nations of the world, thank you very
Mr. President.
much for this wonderful, wonderful distinc-
tion.
Note: The President spoke at 6:07 p.m. in
The President. Please be seated. Before
the East Room of the White House. Mr.
we conclude, there is one more person with
Walesa spoke in Polish, and his remarks
us today whose dedication to Solidarity and
were translated by an interpreter.
1512
J81
C2
1972
WHRC
t: PUBLIC PAPERS OF THE PRESIDENTS
OF THE UNITED STATES
Richard Nixon
Containing the Public Messages, Speeches, and
Statements of the President
1972
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
WASHINGTON : 1974
[183] May 31
Public Papers of the Presidents
for Iran's impressive record in the devel-
Nations conference which adopted a
opment of a strong economy and the suc-
protocol amending the 1961 single con-
cessful implementation of His Imperial
vention on narcotic drugs. The President
of
Majesty's "White Revolution." His Im-
reaffirmed United States' support for re-
perial Majesty outlined the main features
gional cooperation in solving international
of Iran's new five year plan with particu-
narcotics problems.
lar emphasis on agro-industry and
Both sides expressed deep satisfaction
S
socio-economic projects. The President
over the excellence of relations between
reiterated the readiness of the United
their two countries and the expectation
States to cooperate with Iran as appro-
that they would continue in the future.
priate in this extensive program and im-
His Imperial Majesty stressed once again
portant enterprise.
Iran's determination to strengthen its de-
The President and His Imperial Maj-
fensive capability to ensure the nation's
esty also discussed the worldwide narcotics
security. The President confirmed that
problem. They noted that Iran and the
the United States would, as in the past,
United States were taking vigorous action
continue to cooperate with Iran in
against the illicit international narcotics
strengthening its defenses. They reaf-
traffic. Both took satisfaction in Iran's
firmed their respect for the sovereign right
effective measures to control domestic
of every nation to choose its own destiny
opium production. The President ex-
in its own way without any outside
pressed understanding of Iran's declared
interference.
policy to cease internal cultivation of the
In expressing appreciation for the
opium poppy when Iran's neighbors also
warm hospitality shown him and Mrs.
cease internal cultivation of the opium
Nixon, the President invited Their Im-
poppy. They agreed that the two govern-
perial Majesties to visit the United States
ments should continue their close coopera-
at a mutually convenient time. The invita-
tion in international forums dealing with
tion was accepted with deep appreciation.
narcotic matters. The President noted
NOTE: The joint communique was released in
with appreciation the active support
Tehran, Iran.
provided by Iran at the recent United
184
Remarks on Arrival at Warsaw, Poland.
May 3I, 1972
Mr. Chairman of the Council of Ministers
now, at this very moment, for the first time
and all of our distinguished guests:
in the long history and friendly history
We express our very deep appreciation
between our two countries, a President of
to you for your generous words of
the United States stands on Polish soil.
welcome.
It is fitting that this should be so, first,
This, for me, is a very special moment.
because I bring greetings of friendship
While I was here 13 years ago with Mrs.
from all of the American people to all of
Nixon, I was here then in my capacity as
the Polish people. And particularly as
Vice President of the United States. And
you, Mr. Chairman, referred to them, I
652
Richard Nixon, 1972
May 31 [185]
adopted a
single con-
bring you specially warm greetings from
countries that I have visited over the years
e President
millions of Americans who are so proud
that I have served in my present office, is
port for re-
of their Polish background.
to build a new structure of peace in the
ternational
Americans of Polish background have
world. Poland has suffered too much from
added enormously to the strength and the
war and Poland, along with other peoples
satisfaction
vitality and the culture of the United
in the world, wants peace, and that is our
as between
States.
goal: to achieve a world of peace for all
expectation
But there is also an even more signifi-
nations.
the future.
cant reason why the last stop on this jour-
I am confident that the talks that I will
once again
ney that I have taken is here in Warsaw,
have with you, Mr. Chairman, and with
then its de-
and in Poland. Perhaps no people in all
the other representatives of the Polish
he nation's
the world, no country in all the world, has
Government, will contribute to our com-
rmed that
suffered more from war than have the
mon goal of friendship between the Amer-
1 the past,
Polish people and the Polish nation.
ican people and the Polish people and of
Iran in
President Eisenhower told me that when
peace for all the world.
They reaf-
he visited Poland as General of the Armies
Niech zyje Polska. [Long live Poland.]
reign right
in 1945, that 85 percent of Warsaw had
NOTE: The President spoke at 4:50 p.m. at
vn destiny
been destroyed. I know that the strong
Okecie International Airport in response to
y outside
Polish people have rebuilt your great capi-
the welcoming remarks of Piotr Jaroszewicz,
tal city of which you are so justly proud.
Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the
for the
But I can assure you that the major
Polish People's Republic. He spoke from a
prepared text.
and Mrs.
purpose of my visit here, and to the other
Their
ited
he
185 Toasts of the President and Piotr Jaroszewicz, Chairman
preciation.
of the Council of Ministers of the Polish People's
released in
Republic, at a Dinner in Warsaw. May 31, 1972
Mr. Prime Minister, Mr. Gierek, Mr.
world, I can truthfully say that we only
President, and all of the distinguished
wish we could spend days-as a matter of
guests:
fact, weeks-in this capital city of Poland.
On behalf of all the Americans present,
I say that for two reasons: One, because
we express our appreciation for this
of the traditional hospitality for which the
beautiful dinner and for the hospitality
Polish people, wherever they are in the
first time
which you have extended to us on our visit
world, are famous; and second, because
y history
to Warsaw.
the people of Poland and the Polish Gov-
sident of
I recall that it was 13 years ago that Mrs.
ernment had the good sense, after their
sh soil.
Nixon and I had the privilege of visiting
city suffered so terribly during the war,
so, first,
this beautiful city. Each time we have
not to erect horrible monstrosities of mod-
riendship
come, the schedule has permitted us only
ern buildings, but to rebuild Warsaw with
to all of
24 hours. All that I can say is that is an
the grace that it had been known for
ularly as
insult to our intelligence, because having
through the centuries, and if anyone
them, I
visited most of the great capitals of the
claims after that remark that I do not like
653
S7-234-74-45
[185] May 31
Public Papers of the Presidents
modern architecture, he is absolutely
contributions to the coming negotiations
right. I prefer the beautiful buildings of
will be major contributions.
Warsaw.
In our view, the European Conference,
As we are here tonight in Warsaw, we
when it meets, should have real promise of
cannot help thinking that this city, and
achievement. That is why we believe it
this country, has been often the subject of
should be carefully prepared.
very difficult conflicts in the past, from
We see particular importance in meas-
which it has suffered. The partitions of
ures that will reduce the division of
Poland through the centuries are well
Europe, that will open new avenues for
known, but vivid in our memories is that
contact among its peoples and ideas, new
Poland was the victim of aggression in
opportunities for exchanging experience
1939, that it was cruelly occupied for
and knowledge.
many long years. But now I believe we
We hope that a European Conference
can look ahead with some assurance that
could elaborate realistic principles by
the history of war and suffering which has
which the states involved will conduct
been inflicted upon this city and this
their relations in the decade to come. And
country will not repeat itself.
we particularly hope that the multilateral
Last week in Moscow, major steps were
consultations in which Poland will par-
taken to slow and eventually, we trust,
ticipate, as well as the United States—
halt the arms race. This week, treaties
that are to take place later this year-
vital to the peace and security of Europe,
can prepare the ground for progress in
and of Poland, are nearing their moment
these and other areas.
of completion. And in the months ahead,
Also, we should like to see early talks
we can look forward to new progress in
on the reduction of the ground forces fac-
the building of a broad structure of
ing each other in Europe. We recognize
friendship and cooperation throughout
that this is a complex subject and we have
Europe. Already, Polish-American rela-
done much intensive study of this subject
tions, based on a long history of friend-
within our Government and with our
ship and of ties between our peoples, are
allies.
marked by extensive programs of contact
One objective is a reciprocal reduction
and cooperation.
of forces that will leave both sides more
After a very long discussion with Mr.
secure, or at least not less secure. And we
Gierek today, I believe I can confidently
hope the preparatory talks among the
say that this trend of cooperation between
countries involved can get under way
Poland and the United States will con-
soon; preferably paralleling the multi-
tinue and be developed even further in
lateral consultations on the European
the future.
Conference.
As we move toward broader negotia-
And here it is important to point out
tions in Europe, we recognize the efforts
the major role that Poland, in the heart of
which Poland has long made in this field.
Europe, has played in the past and will
Our two countries have not always agreed
continue to play in the future in reducing
on specific proposals, but we do not ques-
the tensions that divide Europe today.
tion the desire that we both have to live in
The journey that we are concluding to-
peace and dignity. We know that Poland's
night and tomorrow has been described as
654
Richard Nixon, 1972
May 31 [185]
negotiations
a "journey for peace." And to our Polish
the American statehood, American society, and
friends here tonight, I would say that to
American economy.
Conference,
have Warsaw as the last stop of that
Neither will we ever forget that in a lifespan
of a single generation we have fought twice on
il promise of
journey is altogether appropriate.
the same side in two World Wars. This imposes
re believe it
America knows, the world knows, the
on us an obligation to cooperate in the building
fortitude, the character, the courage of
of peace, too.
ice in meas-
the Polish people. And America knows
People's Poland which has bound her fate to
division of
and the world knows that no country in
socialism and which is an unflinching, impor-
tant unit in the community of socialist coun-
avenues for
the world has suffered more from war
tries, has been lifted by a selfless effort from
1 ideas, new
than has Poland.
war ravages and has now considerable achieve-
experience
And so, in a very real sense, peace in
ments in peaceful construction. At present, in
the world means peace for Poland and,
liberating the creative energies of the Polish
Conference
therefore, it is fitting that we should end
people, she finds herself at a stage of dynamic
economic, social, scientific, and cultural devel-
inciples by
in this capital what we hope will be re-
opment. This permits Poland to look into the
ill conduct
corded in history as a Journey for Peace.
future with confidence, and to assign herself
come. And
Niech zyje przyjazn Polsko-Amerykan-
new ambitious tasks on her way to modernity,
nultilateral
ska. [Long live Polish-American friend-
mindful of the people, their prosperity and per-
d will par-
ship.]
sonal advancement. In carrying out our pro-
gram we assign an important place-over and
d States—
To the health of all our Polish friends.
above our own capabilities-to development of
his year-
NOTE: The President spoke at 10:27 p.m. in
cooperation with foreign countries. A crucial
progress in
the Palace of the Council of Ministers. He
part in this cooperation is being played by
spoke from a prepared text.
socialist countries, especially our tested
early talks
Eduard Gierek was First Secretary of the
friend-the Soviet Union. Simultaneously we
forces fac-
Central Committee of the Polish United Work-
are actively advancing our relations with all
ers' Party and Henryk Jablonski was President
countries willing to do SO. We see great oppor-
rec
d W
of the Council of State of the Polish People's
tunities for substantially expanding Polish-
American bilateral relations.
Republic.
his subject
Chairman Jaroszewicz spoke in Polish. A
We welcome with satisfaction the United
with our
translation of his toast was made available by
States interest in developing these relations. We
the White House Press Office as follows:
are convinced that great possibilities exist for
substantially developing Polish-American eco-
reduction
Mr. President, Madame Nixon, ladies and
nomic, scientific, and technical cooperation
ides more
gentlemen:
which has, incidentally, a good, long past
:. And we
I am very glad to have the honor to wel-
record. We believe that development of eco-
nong the
come you Mr. President, Madame Nixon, and
nomic cooperation between our countries may
members of your party.
bring about in the near future mutual benefits
ider way
We hope that the first visit of a United States
in the form of multiplying our trade turnover.
ie multi-
President in Poland's history will exert a
May I be allowed to express the hope, Mr.
European
profound influence on the development of our
President, that your visit here and our talks
bilateral relations, and at the same time will
will greatly contribute to mutual knowledge of
boint out
make it possible to discuss a number of im-
our standpoints and to major progress in our
heart of
portant international issues of interest to Po-
bilateral relations.
land and the United States.
Mr. President, Poland's development and
and will
Mr. President, the ties between our two na-
future are inseparably bound to world peace.
reducing
tions have behind them agelong, fine traditions.
From this results our activity aimed at strength-
day.
Many eminent Poles had fought for independ-
ening peace and security in Europe, at holding
iding to-
ence of the United States. Millions of Polish
a European Security and Cooperation Confer-
cribed as
hands and minds have participated in building
ence.
655
[185] May 31
Public Papers of the Presidents
We think that the United States may bring
extinguish all hotbeds of war and tension which
an important, positive contribution to the cause
are a threat to world peace. In asserting this
of the European Security and Cooperation Con-
we are backed by the tragic historical experi-
ference. We welcome with satisfaction the
ence our nation has lived through-as probably
United States expressed readiness to participate
no other nation has-of the bitterness of being
in the many-sided, practical preparations for
partitioned and of the cruel horrors of destruc-
this conference.
tive wars.
We have always held that recognition of
Mr. President, before coming here you have
political and territorial realities resulting from
had meetings and important talks with Secre-
the victory over Nazi Third Reich and from
tary General of CPSU CC Leonid Brezhnev
postwar developments are of crucial significance
and other Soviet leaders. Poland welcomes with
for Europe's lasting peace and security, for
gratification the historic outcome of these talks
progress, détente, and mutual trust in inter-
and lends them her full support. We consider
national relations. At present, when the treaties
that the treaties and agreements concluded in
which Poland and the Soviet Union have con-
Moscow are of fundamental importance to in-
cluded with the Federal Republic of Germany
ternational détente, to consolidation of peace
are becoming effective, this requirement is being
in the interest of all nations.
met. This is particularly important because it
We congratulate you, Mr. President, and the
closes the postwar chapter in European history,
leaders of the Soviet Union on this success.
and opens a new one. To our people it also
We see in the results of Soviet-American
means that our national frontiers are univer-
talks a practical confirmation of the principle
sally recognized as final and are no longer dis-
of peaceful coexistence and an indication of
puted by anyone. The accord on West Berlin,
transition from an era of confrontation to an
furnishing conditions for eliminating a major
era of negotiations.
source of tension, will be put into effect parallel
In this spirit, too, we welcome your arrival
with the treaties referred to.
in Warsaw.
General recognition of the German Demo-
Ladies and gentlemen. Allow me to raise a
cratic Republic and the Federal Republic of
toast:
Germany, admission of both German states to
-your health, Mr. President, and that of
the United Nations should be-we believe-
Madame Nixon;
the next, important step along the newly en-
-to successful progress of your visit here;
tered way toward a peaceful Europe.
-to the health of all American guests;
Speaking of European affairs, dear to our
-to prosperity of the American people;
heart, we remember however, that world peace
-to friendship between the Polish and
is indivisible. We consider it indispensable to
American peoples.
186 Toast at a Luncheon in Warsaw Honoring
Polish Leaders. June I, 1972
Mr. Prime Minister, Mr. Chairman of the
We shall take away many memories of
Council of Ministers, all of our distin-
this visit: the memories of the warm
guished guests:
reception of the people of Warsaw, the
We feel somewhat embarrassed to be
memories of our very constructive talks, of
the hosts in this great palace which is not
the agreements which we reached! But
ours, but yours. But this is an indication
most important, we shall take away the
of the great hospitality which our friends
memories of the people at this table, the
o
from Poland have extended to us on this
leaders of this country whom we have
visit.
had the privilege to talk to face to face,
656
Richard Nixon, 1972
June I [187]
id ten
which
man to man, and learn to know, because
In asserting this
be my report that there is still that strong
tistorical experi-
an agreement can be made at any time by
bond of friendship between the Polish peo-
gh-as probably
any group of leaders, but what really mat-
ple and the American people, because
terness of being
ters is the continuity; what really matters
Poland has always had a special place in
rors of destruc-
is the followthrough.
the hearts of Americans-from the time of
; here you have
Now that we know each other so well,
our revolution, in which Poles were SO
.lks with Secre-
we have the opportunity, through direct
helpful, through the period when we have
conid Brezhnev
contact, to follow through on some of the
fought side by side as allies against com-
I welcomes with
great objectives we talked about in our
mon enemies.
10 of these talks
discussions. But unless the leaders get, per-
In conclusion, I can only say that we
rt. We consider
.s concluded in
haps, too confident of their abilities, let me
appreciate the opportunity to receive you
portance to in-
say that Mrs. Nixon and I agree that just
in this magnificent room, but we also look
ation of peace
as great a privilege was to meet the wives
forward to the opportunity, based on the
of the leaders and to have them here on
communique that we announced today, of
sident, and the
this occasion.
receiving the leaders of Poland in the
n this success.
oviet-American
I will only say in conclusion that tonight,
White House. Now, that makes no predic-
: the principle
while you are asleep, but when it is only
tions as to whether I shall be there, but
indication of
9:30 in the United States, I will be ad-
you can be sure whoever is there will re-
ontation to an
dressing the United States Congress in
ceive the representatives of the great Pol-
joint session. I will report on many
ish people with a warm heart. So, if we
e your arrival
things-the results of our trips to Austria,
can raise our glasses to Polish-American
me to raise a
to Iran, to the Soviet Union, and, of
friendship in the past, in the present, and
course, to Poland. I can assure you that
for all the years to come.
and that of
one of the greatest impressions that will
NOTE: The President spoke at 1:30 p.m. in
be made upon the 500 Members of the
ur
e;
Wilanow Palace. He spoke from a prepared
House and Senate who will be there will
text.
gue
n people;
Polish and
187 Joint Communique Following Discussions With
Polish Leaders. June I, 1972
I.
the Polish United Workers' Party, Eduard
Gierek, conducted talks with President
At the invitation of the President of
Nixon.
emories of
the Council of State of the Polish People's
On June I, President Nixon called on
the warm
Republic, Mr. Henryk Jablonski, and the
the President of the Council of State
arsaw, the
Chairman of the Council of Ministers, Mr.
Henryk Jablonski and had talks with him.
ve talks, of
Piotr Jaroszewicz-the President of the
On the second day of the visit talks were
ched. But
United States, Mr. Richard Nixon, and
held between First Secretary of the Cen-
away the
Mrs. Nixon paid an official visit to Poland
tral Committee of the Polish United
table, the
on May 31 and June I.
Workers' Party Eduard Gierek, Chairman
we have
On the first day of the visit, the First
of the Council of Ministers Piotr Jarosze-
e to face,
Secretary of the Central Committee of
wicz, and President Nixon.
657
[187] June I
Public Papers of the Presidents
The following participated in the
President and Mrs. Nixon expressed
talks:
their warm appreciation for the hospital-
on the American side:
ity they enjoyed in Poland. The President
Secretary of State William P. Rogers
of the United States invited the First Sec-
Ambassador of the United States
retary of the Central Committee of the
Walter J. Stoessel, Jr.
Polish United Workers' Party, Mr.
fir:
Assistant to the President for National
Eduard Gierek, the President of the Coun-
tri
Security Affairs Dr. Henry Kissinger
cil of State, Mr. Henryk Jablonski, and
sta
Assistant Secretary of State for Euro-
the Prime Minister, Mr. Piotr Jaroszewicz,
pean Affairs Martin J. Hillenbrand
to visit the United States at a time con-
th
on the Polish side:
venient to both sides. The invitation was
sic
Vice Premier and Chairman of the
accepted with pleasure.
sh
Planning Commission Mieczyslaw
SO
Jagielski
II.
ne
Foreign Minister Stefan Olszowski
for
Secretary of the Central Committee of
I. Both sides agreed that the develop-
ar:
the PUWP Franciszek Szlachcic
ment of peaceful cooperation among
an
Secretary of the Central Committee of
states must be based on the principles of
ob
the PUWP Jan Szydlak
territorial integrity and inviolability of
dis
Ambassador of Poland Witold Tramp-
frontiers, non-interference in internal
czynski
affairs, sovereign equality, independence
a
Minister of Science, Higher Education
and renunciation of the use or threat of
C
and Technology Jan Kaczmarek
use of force.
ste
Minister of Foreign Trade Tadeusz
2. Both sides presented their views on
Olechowski
the situation in Europe. They affirmed
tic
Deputy Chairman of the Planning
that the broadening of relations between
th
Commission Henryk Kisiel
all states interested in European security
pr
Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs
is of outstanding importance for world
tic
Romuald Spasowski
peace. Both sides welcomed the expansion
Government Spokesman Undersecre-
of cooperation in Europe in all fields and
re
tary of State Wlodzimierz Janiurek
expressed their belief that true security is
Talks were also held between Secretary
indivisible and can be attained only if
pc
of State William P. Rogers and Minister
Europe is considered as a whole. The rela-
sit
of Foreign Affairs Stefan Olszowski
tions between the United States and
th
During the talks, the two sides had a
Poland, based on sovereign equality and
di
useful exchange of views on international
mutual respect, contribute to peace and
questions of particular interest to them
stability in Europe and to the favorable
and discussed the most important subjects
development of the overall international
in the field of bilateral relations.
situation.
in
The talks were frank, businesslike and
3. Both sides welcomed the treaty be-
constructive. They were conducted in an
tween Poland and the Federal Republic
cc
atmosphere marked by a desire to better
of Germany signed on December 7, 1970,
sil
understand each other's position, and to
including its border provisions. They
th
expand and deepen mutual relations.
noted the significance of the provisions of
re
658
Richard Nixon, 1972
June I [187]
in expressed
this treaty as well as of other recent agree-
financial and credit matters.
the hospital-
ments in contributing to confidence and
The Polish side indicated an interest in
he President
cooperation among the European states.
increased purchases of capital goods, li-
he First Sec-
4. Both sides agreed that a reciprocal
censes and technology in the United
ittee of the
reduction of armed forces and armaments,
States.
Party, Mr.
first of all in Central Europe, would con-
The U.S. side undertook to consider in
of the Coun-
tribute to the goal of ensuring security and
a constructive manner further steps lead-
blonski, and
stability in Europe. Any agreement
ing to increased bilateral trade and eco-
Jaroszewicz,
reached on this matter should not diminish
nomic cooperation.
a time con-
the security of any of the sides. The two
2. The two sides will exchange infor-
vitation was
sides agreed that the states concerned
mation leading to expanded trade rela-
should reach appropriate agreement as
tions. In the interest of broadening and
soon as practicable on procedures for
facilitating trade relations between the
negotiations on this question in a special
two countries and working out concrete
forum. Reduction of armed forces and
steps towards that end the two sides de-
he develop-
armaments in Central Europe would be
cided to create a joint Polish-American
ion among
an important step toward attaining the
Trade Commission.
principles of
objective of general and complete
3. The two sides will encourage and
olability of
disarmament.
support contacts and cooperation between
in internal
5. Both sides expressed the belief that
economic organizations and enterprises of
dependence
a European Conference on Security and
both countries.
or threat of
Cooperation may constitute an important
4. The two sides expressed their satis-
step forward in the extensive and long-
faction with the expanding program of
ir vi
on
range process of the normalization of rela-
scientific and technical cooperation and
ey
d
tions and detente in Europe. They agreed
appraised positively its mutually advan-
ns between
that the Conference should be carefully
tageous results. Last year's exchange of
can security
prepared, and that multilateral consulta-
visits at the cabinet level, which gave
for world
tions in that regard should begin without
attention to the development of scientific
e expansion
undue delay. The two sides declared their
and technical cooperation, confirmed the
11 fields and
readiness to cooperate to achieve this aim.
desirability of continuing cooperation in
: security is
6. Both sides presented their known
this field.
ed only if
positions on the war in Vietnam and the
The two sides expressed their interest
?. The rela-
situation in Indochina. Essential views of
in the conclusion of an intergovernmental
States and
the two sides in this question remained
agreement on comprehensive cooperation
quality and
divergent.
in science, technology and culture. Appro-
peace and
III.
priate institutional arrangements will be
: favorable
established to promote work in these fields.
ternational
I. Both sides noted with satisfaction the
5. The two sides agreed that the in-
increasing commercial and other eco-
crease of mutual economic and personal
treaty be-
nomic ties between the two countries and
contacts, including tourism, justifies fur-
1 Republic
concluded that there are considerable pos-
ther development of transportation links
er 7, 1970,
sibilities for their further expansion. With
between Poland and the United States by
ons. They
this in mind the two sides discussed issues
sea as well as by air. The two sides expect
ovisions of
related to commercial exchange and
to sign in the near future an air transport
659
[187] June I
Public Papers of the Presidents
agreement and to establish mutual and
and American peoples. A prominent part
higl
regular air connections.
is played in this respect by many United
anc
6. The two sides expressed their interest
States citizens of Polish extraction who
]
in commemorating the five hundredth
maintain an interest in the country of
qua
anniversary of the birth of Nicholas
their ancestors. The two sides recognize
imp
Copernicus and discussed ways of cele-
that this interest and contacts resulting
che
brating it.
from it constitute a valuable contribution
Am
7. Both sides welcomed the signing of
to the development of bilateral relations.
syn
the Consular Convention by Secretary of
Signed in Warsaw, June I, 1972.
liev
State William P. Rogers and Minister of
NOTE: The joint communique was released at
twc
Foreign Affairs Stefan Olszowski and the
Warsaw, Poland.
wo
conclusion of an agreement on the simul-
On the same day, the White House released
the
taneous establishment on December I,
the transcript of a news briefing by Ronald L.
I
1972 of new Consulates-in New York
Ziegler, Press Secretary to the President, and
Wlodzimierz Janiurek, Polish Undersecretary of
bac
and Krakow, respectively. Both parties
State for Information, on the joint communi-
pez
welcome these steps as concrete evidence
que.
a P
of expanding relations between the two
On May 31, 1972, the White House released
An
states.
the text of a statement by Secretary of State
din
8. The two sides emphasized the posi-
William P. Rogers on signing the U.S.-Polish
Consular Convention and a fact sheet outlining
join
tive influence exerted on their mutual
the terms of the convention. Secretary Rogers'
we
relations by the traditions of history, senti-
statement is printed in the Weekly Compilation
ment and friendship between the Polish
of Presidential Documents (vol. 8, p. 970).
ma
set
188
Address to a Joint Session of the Congress on Return From
ne'
Austria, the Soviet Union, Iran, and Poland.
ma
to
June I, 1972
Mr. Speaker, Mr. President, Members of
we could feel the quickening pace of
sid
the Congress, our distinguished guests, my
change in old international relationships
wh
fellow Americans:
and the peoples' genuine desire for friend-
Your welcome in this great Chamber
ship for the American people. Everywhere
rel
tonight has a very special meaning to
new hopes are rising for a world no longer
ful
Mrs. Nixon and to me. We feel very
shadowed by fear and want and war, and
us-
fortunate to have traveled abroad so often
as Americans we can be proud that we
all
representing the United States of Amer-
now have an historic opportunity to play
ot]
ica. But we both agree after each journey
a great role in helping to achieve man's
up
that the best part of any trip abroad is
oldest dream-a world in which all na-
ho
coming home to America again.
tions can enjoy the blessings of peace.
sh
During the past I3 days we have flown
On this journey we saw many memora-
more than 16,000 miles and we visited
ble sights, but one picture will always
in:
four countries. Everywhere we went-to
remain indelible in our memory-the flag
m
Austria, the Soviet Union, Iran, Poland—
of the United States of America flying
fu
ke
66o
Richard Nixon, 1972
June I [188]
part
high in the spring breeze above Moscow's
ernment and this Nation must go forward
nited
ancient Kremlin fortress.
from here, I am rendering this immediate
who
To millions of Americans for the past
report to the Congress on the results of
y of
quarter century the Kremlin has stood for
the Moscow summit.
gnize
implacable hostility toward all that we
The pattern of U.S.-Soviet summit
ilting
cherish, and to millions of Russians the
diplomacy in the cold war era is well
ition
American flag has long been held up as a
known to all those in this Chamber. One
lions.
symbol of evil. No one would have be-
meeting after another produced a brief
lieved, even a short time ago, that these
euphoric mood-the spirit of Geneva, the
ed at
two apparently irreconcilable symbols
spirit of Camp David, the spirit of Vienna,
would be seen together as we saw them for
the spirit of Glassboro-but without pro-
eased
those few days.
ducing significant progress on the really
Id L.
and
But this does not mean that we bring
difficult issues.
try of
back from Moscow the promise of instant
And so early in this Administration I
nuni-
peace, but we do bring the beginning of
stated that the prospect of concrete re-
a process that can lead to a lasting peace.
sults, not atmospherics, would be our
cased
And that is why I have taken the extraor-
criterion for meetings at the highest level.
State
dinary action of requesting this special
I also announced our intention to pursue
'olish
ning
joint session of the Congress because
negotiations with the Soviet Union across
gers'
we have before us an extraordinary
a broad front of related issues, with the
ation
opportunity.
purpose of creating a momentum of
I have not come here this evening to
achievement in which progress in one area
make new announcements in a dramatic
could contribute to progress in others.
setting. This summit has already made its
This is the basis on which we prepared
om
news. It has barely begun, however, to
for and conducted last week's talks. This
make its mark on our world, and I ask you
was a working summit. We sought to
to join me tonight-while events are fresh,
establish not a superficial spirit of Mos-
while the iron is hot-in starting to con-
cow, but a solid record of progress on
of
sider how we can help to make that mark
solving the difficult issues which for so
ips
what we want it to be.
long have divided our two nations and
nd-
The foundation has been laid for a new
also have divided the world. Reviewing
ere
relationship between the two most power-
the number and the scope of agreements
ger
ful nations in the world. Now it is up to
that emerged, I think we have accom-
and
us-to all of us here in this Chamber, to
plished that goal.
we
all of us across America-to join with
Recognizing the responsibility of the
lay
other nations in building a new house
advanced industrial nations to set an ex-
.n's
upon that foundation, one that can be a
ample in combatting mankind's common
ia-
home for the hopes of mankind and a
enemies, the United States and the Soviet
shelter against the storms of conflict.
Union have agreed to cooperate in efforts
ra-
As a preliminary, therefore, to request-
to reduce pollution and enhance environ-
ays
ing your concurrence in some of the agree-
mental quality. We have agreed to work
lag
ments we reached and your approval of
together in the field of medical science
ng
funds to carry out others, and also as a
and public health, particularly in the con-
keynote for the unity in which this Gov-
quest of cancer and heart disease.
661
87-234-74-16
[188] June I
Public Papers of the Presidents
Recognizing that the quest for useful
And second, and most important, there
knowledge transcends differences between
is the treaty and the related executive
ideologies and social systems, we have
agreement which will limit, for the first
agreed to expand United States and So-
time, both offensive and defensive stra-
viet cooperation in many areas of science
tegic nuclear weapons in the arsenals of
and technology.
the United States and the Soviet Union.
We have joined in plans for an exciting
Three-fifths of all the people alive in
new adventure, a new adventure in the
the world today have spent their whole
cooperative exploration of space, which
lifetimes under the shadow of a nuclear
will begin-subject to Congressional ap-
war which could be touched off by the
proval of funding-with a joint orbital
arms race among the great powers. Last
mission of an Apollo vehicle and a Soviet
Friday in Moscow we witnessed the be-
spacecraft in 1975.
ginning of the end of that era which began
By forming habits of cooperation and
in I945. We took the first step toward a
strengthening institutional ties in areas
new era of mutually agreed restraint and
of peaceful enterprise, these four agree-
arms limitation between the two principal
ments, to which I have referred, will create
nuclear powers.
on both sides a steadily growing vested
With this step we have enhanced the
interest in the maintenance of good rela-
security of both nations. We have begun
tions between our two countries.
to check the wasteful and dangerous spiral
Expanded United States-Soviet trade
of nuclear arms which has dominated rela-
will also yield advantages to both of our
tions between our two countries for a
nations. When the two largest economies
generation. We have begun to reduce the
in the world start trading with each other
level of fear by reducing the causes of
on a much larger scale, living standards
fear, for our two peoples and for all peo-
in both nations will rise, and the stake
ples in the world.
which both have in peace will increase.
The ABM Treaty will be submitted
Progress in this area is proceeding on
promptly for the Senate's advice and con-
schedule. At the summit, we established a
sent to ratification and the interim agree-
Joint Commercial Commission which will
ment limiting certain offensive weapons
complete the negotiations for a compre-
will be submitted to both Houses for con-
hensive trade agreement between the
currence, because we can undertake
United States and the U.S.S.R. And we
agreements as important as these only on
expect the final terms of this agreement
a basis of full partnership between the
to be settled later this year.
executive and legislative branches of our
Two further accords which were
Government.
reached last week have a much more
I ask from this Congress and I ask from
direct bearing on the search for peace
the Nation the fullest scrutiny of these
and security in the world.
accords. I am confident such examination
One is the agreement between the
will underscore the truth of what I told
American and Soviet navies aimed at
the Soviet people on television just a few
significantly reducing the chances of dan-
nights ago-that this is an agreement in
gerous incidents between our ships and
the interest of both nations. From the
aircraft at sea.
standpoint of the United States, when we
662
Richard Nixon, 1972
June I [188]
there
consider what the strategic balance would
sions in Europe, we recorded our inten-
have looked like later in the seventies, if
tion of proceeding later this year with
first
there had been no arms limitation, it is
multilateral consultations looking toward
stra-
clear that the agreements forestall a major
a conference on security and cooperation
of
spiraling of the arms race-one which
in all of Europe. We have also jointly
would have worked to our disadvantage,
agreed to move forward with negotiations
in
since we have no current building pro-
on mutual and balanced force reductions
vhole
grams for the categories of weapons which
in central Europe.
have been frozen, and since no.new build-
The problem of ending the Vietnam
the
ing program could have produced any new
war, which engages the hopes of all Amer-
Last
weapons in those categories during the
icans, was one of the most extensively dis-
be-
period of the freeze.
cussed subjects on our agenda. It would
egan
My colleagues in the Congress, I have
only jeopardize the search for peace if I
a
studied the strategic balance in great de-
were to review here all that was said on
and
tail with my senior advisers for more than
that subject. I will simply say this: Each
3 years. I can assure you, the Members of
side obviously has its own point of view
the Congress, and the American people
and its own approach to this very difficult
the
tonight that the present and planned
issue. But at the same time, both the
strategic forces of the United States are
United States and the Soviet Union share
without question sufficient for the mainte-
an overriding desire to achieve a more
nance of our security and the protection
stable peace in the world. I emphasize to
a
of our vital interests.
you once again that this Administration
the
No power on earth is stronger than the
has no higher goal, a goal that I know all
United States of America today. And
of you share, than bringing the Vietnam
none will be stronger than the United
war to an early and honorable end. We are
States of America in the future.
ending the war in Vietnam, but we shall
This is the only national defense posture
end it in a way which will not betray our
con-
which can ever be acceptable to the
friends, risk the lives of the courageous
United States. This is the posture I ask the
Americans still serving in Vietnam, break
Senate and the Congress to protect by ap-
faith with those held prisoners by the
proving the arms limitation agreements to
enemy, or stain the honor of the United
which I have referred. This is the posture
States of America.
on
which, with the responsible cooperation of
Another area where we had very full,
the
the Congress, I will take all necessary steps
frank, and extensive discussions was the
our
to maintain in our future defense
Middle East. I reiterated the American
programs.
people's commitment to the survival of
In addition to the talks which led to the
the state of Israel and to a settlement just
specific agreements I have listed, I also
to all the countries in the area. Both sides
had full, very frank, and extensive dis-
stated in the communique their intention
cussions with General Secretary Brezh-
to support the Jarring peace mission and
few
nev and his colleagues about several parts
other appropriate efforts to achieve this
in
of the world where American and Soviet
objective.
the
interests have come in conflict.
The final achievement of the Moscow
we
With regard to the reduction of ten-
conference was the signing of a landmark
663
[188] June I
Public Papers of the Presidents
declaration entitled "Basic Principles of
dedicated competitors of the United
Mutual Relations Between the United
States of America.
States and the U.S.S.R." As these I2 basic
As we shape our policies for the period
principles are put into practice, they can
ahead, therefore, we must maintain our
provide a solid framework for the future
defenses at an adequate level until there
development of better American-Soviet
is mutual agreement to limit forces. The
relations.
time-tested policies of vigilance and firm-
They begin with the recognition that
ness which have brought us to this summit
two nuclear nations, each of which has
are the only ones that can safely carry us
the power to destroy humanity, have no
forward to further progress in reaching
alternative but to coexist peacefully, be-
agreements to reduce the danger of war.
cause in a nuclear war there would be no
Our successes in the strategic arms talks
winners, only losers.
and in the Berlin negotiations, which
The basic principles commit both sides
opened the road to Moscow, came about
to avoid direct military confrontation and
because over the past 3 years we have con-
to exercise constructive leadership and
sistently refused proposals for unilaterally
restraint with respect to smaller conflicts
abandoning the ABM, unilaterally pulling
in other parts of the world which could
back our forces from Europe, and dras-
drag the major powers into war.
tically cutting the defense budget. The
They disavow any intention to create
Congress deserves the appreciation of the
spheres of influence or to conspire against
American people for having the courage
the interests of any other nation-a point
to vote such proposals down and to main-
I would underscore by saying once again
tain the strength America needs to protect
tonight that America values its ties with
its interests.
all nations, from our oldest allies in Eu-
As we continue the strategic arms talks,
rope and Asia, as I emphasized by my
seeking a permanent offensive weapons
visit to Iran, to our good friends in the
treaty, we must bear the lessons of the
third world, and to our new relationship
earlier talks well in mind.
with the People's Republic of China.
By the same token, we must stand
The improvement of relations depends
steadfastly with our NATO partners if
not only, of course, on words, but far
negotiations leading to a new détente and
more on actions. The principles to which
a mutual reduction of forces in Europe
we agreed in Moscow are like a road map.
are to be productive. Maintaining the
Now that the map has been laid out, it is
strength, integrity, and steadfastness of our
up to each country to follow it. The
free world alliances is the foundation on
United States intends to adhere to these
which all of our other initiatives for peace
principles. The leaders of the Soviet
and security in the world must rest. As
Union have indicated a similar intention.
we seek better relations with those who
However, we must remember that So-
have been our adversaries, we will not let
viet ideology still proclaims hostility to
down our friends and allies around the
some of America's most basic values. The
world.
Soviet leaders remain committed to that
And in this period we must keep our
ideology. Like the nation they lead, they
economy vigorous and competitive if the
are and they will continue to be totally
opening for greater East-West trade is to
664
Richard Nixon, 1972
June I [188]
the United
mean anything at all, and if we do not
victims of the kind of bondage about
wish to be shouldered aside in world mar-
which George Washington long ago
kets by the growing potential of the
warned in these words: The nation which
or the period
maintain our
economies of Japan, Western Europe, the
indulges toward another an habitual
Soviet Union, the People's Republic of
hatred
el until there
is a slave to its own animosity.
China. For America to continue its role
it forces. The
But now in the brief space of 4 months,
nce and firm-
of helping to build a more peaceful world,
these journeys to Peking and to Moscow
to this summit
we must keep America number one eco-
have begun to free us from perpetual con-
nomically in the world.
frontation. We have moved toward better
afely carry us
We must maintain our own momentum
; in reaching
understanding, mutual respect, point-by-
of domestic innovation, growth, and re-
point settlement of differences with both
anger of war.
gic arms talks
form if the opportunities for joint action
the major Communist powers.
tions, which
with the Soviets are to fulfill their prom-
This one series of meetings has not
; came about
ise. As we seek agreements to build peace
rendered an imperfect world suddenly per-
we have con-
abroad, we must keep America moving
fect. There still are deep philosophical
forward at home.
r unilaterally
differences; there still are parts of the
erally pulling
Most importantly, if the new age we
world in which age-old hatreds persist.
e, and dras-
seek is ever to become a reality, we must
The threat of war has not been elimi-
keep America strong in spirit-a nation
nated-it has been reduced. We are mak-
budget. The
ciation of the
proud of its greatness as a free society,
ing progress toward a world in which lead-
confident of its mission in the world. Let
ers of nations will settle their differences
the courage
and to main-
us be committed to our way of life as
by negotiation, not by force, and in which
eds
wholeheartedly as the Communist leaders
they learn to live with their differences so
ect
with whom we seek a new relationship are
that their sons will not have to die for
ic arms talks,
committed to their system. Let us always
those differences.
sive weapons
be proud to show in our words and actions
It was particularly fitting that this trip,
what we know in our hearts-that we
essons of the
aimed at building such a world, should
believe in America.
have concluded in Poland.
must stand
These are just some of the challenges of
No country in the world has suffered
partners if
peace. They are in some ways even more
more from war than Poland-and no
I détente and
difficult than the challenges of war. But
country has more to gain from peace. The
:s in Europe
we are equal to them. As we meet them,
faces of the people who gave us such a
ntaining the
we will be able to go forward and explore
heartwarming welcome in Warsaw yes-
astness of our
the sweeping possibilities for peace which
terday, and then again this morning and
undation on
this season of summits has now opened up
this afternoon, told an eloquent story of
for the world.
ves for peace
suffering from war in the past and of hope
For decades, America has been locked
hust rest. As
for peace in the future. One could see it in
h those who
in hostile confrontation with the two great
their faces. It made me more determined
e will not let
Communist powers, the Soviet Union and
than ever that America must do all in its
around the
the People's Republic of China. We were
power to help that hope for peace come
engaged with the one at many points and
true for all people in the world.
ust keep our
almost totally isolated from the other, but
As we continue that effort, our unity
etitive if the
our relationships with both had reached a
of purpose and action will be all-
st trade is to
deadly impasse. All three countries were
important.
665
[188] June I
Public Papers of the Presidents
For the summits of 1972 have not be-
world's children can live free of the fears
longed just to one person or to one party
and free of the hatreds that have been the
or to one branch of our Government alone.
lot of mankind through the centuries.
Rather they are part of a great national
Then the historians of some future age
journey for peace. Every American can
will write of the year 1972, not that this
claim a share in the credit for the success
was the year America went up to the sum-
of that journey so far, and every American
mit and then down to the depths of the
has a major stake in its success for the
valley again, but that this was the year
future.
when America helped to lead the world
An unparalleled opportunity has been
up out of the lowlands of constant war,
placed in America's hands. Never has
and onto the high plateau of lasting peace.
there been a time when hope was more
NOTE: The President spoke at 9:40 p.m. in the
justified or when complacency was more
House Chamber at the Capitol, after being
dangerous. We have made a good begin-
introduced by Carl Albert, Speaker of the
ning. And because we have begun, history
House of Representatives. The address was
now lays upon us a special obligation to
broadcast live on radio and television.
see it through. We can seize this moment
The President spoke from a prepared text.
An advance text of his address was released
or we can lose it; we can make good this
on the same day.
opportunty to build a new structure of
On June 2, 1972, the bipartisan leaders of
peace in the world or we can let it slip
the Congress met with the President at the
away. Together, therefore, let us seize the
White House for a review of his trip and the
agreements reached.
moment so that our children and the
189 Telegram to the National Governors' Conference Meeting
in Houston, Texas, Urging State Action on No-Fault
Automobile Insurance. June 7, 1972
IT IS a pleasure to send my greetings and
and we have moved to provide them.
my high regards to the Governors of our
Many other matters, however, can be han-
States. Each of you is a full and vital
dled most effectively by State and local
partner in our common effort to provide
governments, with Washington acting in
better, more effective and more responsive
a supporting role.
government for all our people.
On one such important matter, I be-
I know the Governors share my abiding
lieve that the States-and not the Federal
interest in preserving and strengthening a
Government-can best respond to one of
truly federal system in the United States
the most pressing consumer needs in the
in which all levels of government-Fed-
Nation today: the urgent question of re-
eral, State and local-share in their proper
form for the present system of automobile
responsibilities.
insurance. I oppose involving the Federal
This results in problems being solved on
Government in this insurance reform, and
the level of government which can be most
I urge the States to act.
effective on each particular issue. Some
Despite ever-increasing premiums for
problems clearly require Federal remedies,
automobile insurance, the victims of ac-
666
J81
.C2
1975
v.z
WHRC
/PUBLIC PAPERS OF THE PRESIDENTS
OF THE UNITED STATES
Gerald R. Ford
Containing the Public Messages, Speeches, and
Statements of the President
1975
(IN TWO BOOKS)
BOOK II-JULY 21 TO DECEMBER 31, 1975
UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
WASHINGTON : 1977
[447]
Public Papers of the Presidents
July 28
lose in Turkey if we cannot remedy the action. Their loss would seriously down-
grade our capabilities in major areas of national security. These installations are
not replaceable.
In reviewing the debates of the last several months, any fair-minded person
would agree that there is not a fundamental dispute on the objective of achieving
a peaceful and equitable solution to the tragic Cyprus problem. The Congress
has chosen means to accomplish that end which in my judgment would not
only delay and impede a Cyprus settlement but, as now can be seen clearly,
cause a disastrous deterioration in our security relations with Turkey and in
the Eastern Mediterranean in general. In addition, these effects will certainly,
not make for an improvement in relations between Greece and Turkey, with-
out which a Cyprus settlement is not possible.
My Administration has been and will continue to pursue the cause of a just
and peaceful settlement in Cyprus. But I must emphasize in the strongest terms
how seriously hobbled our efforts will be if the embargo against Turkey is
maintained.
I, therefore, urge through you, Mr. Speaker, the immediate reconsideration
of the House action. Only if we preserve our vital security relations with Turkey
will I be able usefully to assist the parties in the area toward better relations.
Sincerely,
GERALD R. FORD
448
Remarks on Arrival at Warsaw, Poland.
July 28, 1975
Mr. First Secretary, Mrs. Gierek, Mr. Chairman of the Council of State, Mr.
Prime Minister, distinguished hosts:
Mrs. Ford and I are deeply grateful for your very cordial words of welcome.
It is a great privilege and pleasure for me to return to Poland. Mrs. Ford and
I had the privilege and honor of being here a number of years ago and spent
some 11 days in Warsaw and in Poland, and we have fond memories of that
wonderful experience.
During the 16 years since my first visit to your country, the friendly ties
between our peoples have developed in a way that should provide us much
mutual encouragement. Building on a foundation laid nearly 200 years ago,
when courageous Poles came to our shores and helped make American inde-
1056
July 28
July 28
Gerald R. Ford, 1975
[448]
eriously down-
pendence a reality, we have worked hard to broaden the scope of our common
installations are
interests.
I am deeply gratified by the expansion of contacts between our two countries,
ninded person
by the rapid growth in trade, and by the new forms of bilateral cooperation
ve of achieving
which have been able to develop between our two nations.
The Congress
During your visit to Washington last October, Mr. First Secretary, we signed
int would not
the joint agreements of principles of U.S.-Polish relations, the joint statement
: seen clearly,
of the development of economic and industrial cooperation, and our two coun-
'urkey and in
tries, Mr. Secretary, entered into agreements on coal research, health, environ-
will certainly
mental protection, the avoidance of double taxation, and the cooperation in
Turkey, with-
science and technology.
These agreements are the latest evidence, Mr. Secretary, of our ability to
ause of a just
work together to improve the lives of our peoples, and I hope that we can
rongest terms
achieve even greater cooperation during this visit.
:st Turkey is
I look forward to our discussions, Mr. Secretary. I am confident that in re-
viewing our relationships we can strengthen the traditional friendship between
onsideration
our two peoples and improve the prospects for world peace.
with Turkey
I am also very anxious to share our thoughts about the future and to hear
er relations.
your views, Mr. Secretary, as we both prepare to participate in the Conference
for Security and Cooperation in Europe in Helsinki.
R. FORD
I believe that we will find areas in which both our countries can further con-
tribute to the achievement of lasting peace and progress among all nations.
In conclusion, let me express the greetings I bring with me from all Amer-
icans, including the millions of our citizens who are so proud of their Polish
background and their Polish heritage.
Niech zyje Polska! [Long live Poland!]
State, Mr.
NOTE: The President spoke at approximately 12 noon
cordiality, while I myself am particularly satisfied
at Okecie International Airport in response to re-
over our meeting again.
marks of welcome by Edward Gierek, First Secre-
We are pleased to be able to play host to Mrs. Ford
f welcome.
tary of the Central Committee of the Polish United
and persons accompanying you, and among them
Ford and
Workers' Party. In his opening remarks, the Presi-
the Secretary of State, Mr. Kissinger. The doors of
dent also referred to Henryk Jablonski, Chairman
Warsaw and of the entire country of ours stay wide
and spent
of the Council of State, and Piotr Jaroszewicz,
open for you with traditional Polish hospitality.
Chairman of the Council of Ministers (Prime
ies of that
This is not your first visit to Poland, but it is for
Minister).
the first time that you are visiting us as President of
First Secretary Gierek spoke in Polish. His remarks
the United States of America, as a leader of the
were translated by an interpreter as follows:
endly ties
nation which for over two centuries our people have
The Right Honorable Mr. President, Madam Ford,
been linked to with numerous and strong ties, mu-
us much
ladies and gentlemen:
tual friendship, and respect.
On behalf of the highest authorities of the Polish
In your person, Mr. President, we welcome and
years ago,
People's Republic, in the name of our people, I wish
extend greetings to the American people, with whom
ican inde-
to welcome you, Mr. President, on the Polish soil.
we desire to develop cooperation and share the
We are extending to you a welcome of most genuine
happiness of peace.
1057
[448]
Public Papers of the Presidents
July 28
During my visit to the United States, which indeed
and modern-yet the memory of the immensity of
has left indelible memories of the hospitality ac-
sacrifice and suffering remains, as does the desire
corded to me there, I found that desire shared on
impressed upon the hearts and minds-no more war.
both sides and that you, sir, are personally the advo-
Our people-and according to their will, also the
cate of friendly cooperation of our peoples and states.
authorities of the Polish People's Republic-conceive
Your present visit to Poland is about the most elo-
of the establishment of lasting peace as of the most
quent testimony of that.
important and supreme cause.
We are glad that while in this country you will
We are pleased that we are receiving you, Mr.
be able to acquaint yourself with the great record of
President, on the eve of the final phase of the Con-
achievement of the Polish People's Republic, with
ference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, and
her dynamic development, with our plans for the
only soon after the Soviet-American cooperation, one
near and more distant future:
of paramount importance to the world peace, has
I am sure you will find, Mr. President, that the
been reaffirmed in the joint Soyuz-Apollo project,
Polish people, who have rebuilt their country from
crowned as it was with such a magnificent success.
the ravages of war with toil and self-sacrifice, are
You are arriving in Poland, Mr. President, at a
working perseveringly to build a strong, modern,
time when the process of international détente is
and prosperous country worthy of both its best tradi-
acquiring new dimensions, a process which our coun-
tions and of its Socialist ideals and aspirations of
try, along with her Socialist allies and friends, deem
today.
to be one of great importance.
I am sure you will find also, Mr. President, that
We are greeting you as a leader of the great nation
the most profound desire of our people is peace. You
which plays its important role in the world of today,
will see no ruins of Warsaw, which 30 years ago
and we trust it will be making an ever greater con-
proved to be such, a shocking experience to one of
tribution to the cause of strengthening peace.
your predecessors, General Eisenhower.
We are happy to see you in Poland, Mr. President.
Our capital has been restored to life-beautiful
We are happy to see Mrs. Ford in Poland.
n
449
Toasts of the President and First Secretary Edward Gierek
of Poland at a Luncheon in Warsaw. July 28, 1975
p.
Mr. First Secretary, Mrs. Gierek, ladies and gentlemen:
I am delighted on this occasion to be your guest, along with my son, and we
M
regret that unfortunately Mrs. Ford could not be here, but she will, I am sure,
be joining us later.
Pr
It is a great pleasure for me to return to this very great country in the center of
W
Europe, a country which is so rich in tradition and so important to the con-
fo:
temporary world. I welcome this opportunity to reaffirm the United States
yo
commitment to friendship with Poland. And I am determined to strengthen
M1
that friendship.
Po
When we met in Washington last October, Mr. Secretary, you and I pledged
our countries to acquire a better knowledge of their respective achievements and
of
of
values. Both nations can take great satisfaction in progress toward that goal. We
have made vitally important advances in our bilateral relations.
This is in keeping with the spirit of the documents that we signed during the
Mr
First Secretary's visit. And I am pleased to cite the continuing efforts of both
sides to increase trade and commerce, the visits and the exchanges between our
1058
uly 28
July 28
Gerald R. Ford, 1975
[449]
the immensity of
IS does the desire
scientists, industrial and mining specialists, and agricultural experts, and the
ids-no more war.
educational and cultural program which each year enable more Poles and more
heir will, also the
:epublic-conceive
Americans to know each other and to exchange ideas.
ice as of the most
The United States recently presented the World of Franklin and Jefferson
eceiving you, Mr.
Bicentennial exhibition in Warsaw. It vividly depicted America's past and
phase of the Con-
Poland's long and close association with us.
in in Europe, and
n cooperation, one
You may remember one of Benjamin Franklin's remarks featured in the
world peace, has
exhibition. According to Benjamin Franklin, human felicity is produced not so
iz-Apollo project,
agnificent success.
much by great pieces of good fortune that seldom happen, as by little advantages
r. President, at a
ational détente is
that occur every day.
$ which our coun-
We have men and women of great vision in Poland and in America, but we
and friends, deem
realize that real progress in the relations between countries really comes from the
f the great nation
millions who give form as well as substance to the aspirations of their Govern-
.c world of today,
ever greater con-
ments.
ing peace.
Distinguished host, ladies and gentlemen, I ask you to join me in a toast to all
nd, Mr. President.
Poland.
Polish and American citizens, scholars, scientists, workers, farmers, writers,
musicians, and others, who day-by-day are striving to develop the little advan-
tages so important to the growing friendship between our countries.
At this time, may I offer a toast to you, Mr. Secretary, and to the Polish people.
erek
NOTE: The President spoke at approximately 3:30
to play host to all your collaborators who have come
p.m. at the Palace of the Council of Ministers in
on this visit.
response to a toast by the First Secretary.
Mr. President, you are paying your visit to Poland
First Secretary Gierek spoke in Polish. His re-
just before a great event in the life of Europe-
marks were translated by an interpreter as follows:
before the final decisive phase of the Conference on
Mr. President, Mr. Secretary of State, and ladies and
Security and Cooperation. Indeed, it is of symptoma-
son, and we
gentlemen:
tic significance.
i, I am sure,
Ten months ago when taking leave of you, Mr.
It was Poland that some years ago put forward the
President, in the Capital of the United States, I said
idea of such a meeting and, jointly with her allies
that while retaining in my grateful memory our
in the political and defensive Warsaw treaty,
he center of
launched an initiative to convene it.
Washington meeting and talks, I would be looking
These days, we are about to leave for Helsinki to
to the con-
forward to having your visit to Warsaw.
approve and sign the decisions of the Conference
Today, I am both honored and pleased to receive
nited States
which is the common achievement and success of
you in my country. Our people regard your visit,
all the participating states of our continent, of the
strengthen
Mr. President, as a confirmation of the traditional
United States, and Canada. The decisions of the
friendly attitude of the American people toward
Conference shall be of paramount importance for the
Poland and the inaugural of further development of
consolidation of peace in Europe, which rests on the
d I pledged
cooperation between our two countries.
foundation of the inviolability of the political and
The people of Poland see in it, also, an evidence
territorial order established as a result of the victory
ements and
of your personal involvement in the strengthening
of nations over Nazism, of the historic Potsdam deci-
at goal. We
of Polish-American ties. Poles do appreciate it-of
sions, and postwar development.
which they have given an expression in the welcome
The guiding idea of those decisions is strengthen-
accorded to you.
ing of the feeling of security and development of
during the
It is with utmost pleasure that we are receiving
international cooperation embracing all fields of life.
Mrs. Ford in Poland. We are happy to have you
Europe has had a long and stormy history in
rts of both
here, Mr. Secretary of State, Dr. Kissinger. Your out-
which peaceful development interwove with acute
standing role in the American foreign policy is well
etween our
conflicts and conquests of other continents. The two
known to us. We are glad, Mr. President, to be able
World Wars were unleashed on its territory. Today,
1059
[449]
Public Papers of the Presidents
July 28
both an historic necessity and an invaluable chance
friends, Poland is looking forward to the future with
have emerged to establish lasting peace and make
confidence and optimism.
an active contribution of the whole of Europe to
We would sincerely wish that our nation, so often
constructing universal peace.
harassed by wars and so many a time having to start
That task lies in the vital and supreme interest of
life anew, could enjoy the blessings. of a period of
all European nations. Each of them can and should
lasting peace. That is precisely what the Polish Peo-
make its own contribution to the cause of peace and
ple's Republic views as her supreme objective of her
cooperation.
activities in the international forum.
A particular role in this regard is played by our
My country has made its important contribution
ally, the Soviet Union. Whereas 30 years ago it
to creating genuine conditions of security in Europe
carried the heaviest burden of struggle against
and to strengthening Europe's peaceful order. It con-
Nazism, today it spares no effort to promote devel-
tributed and continues to contribute its share to the
opment of the process of détente and consolidate
process of international détente. Therefore, it is with
international security.
particular satisfaction that we shall welcome the
Likewise, the contribution of the United States is
Helsinki charter of European peace and shall actively
of great importance. Your country, Mr. President,
pursue the implementation of its principles.
lent its assistance to the peoples of Europe in their
Mr. President, our common desire is the further
struggle against forces of aggression and barbarity.
expansion of Polish-American relations. We assess
Today it can do much for the establishment of last-
favorably their present state and dynamic growth.
ing peace on our continent.
The decisions and agreements which we arrived
We are fully appreciative of the engagement of
at in Washington last year have laid down good
the American Government in securing the success of
grounds for expansion of cooperation between our
the European Conference. We are aware of the great
two countries, especially in the economic field. We
weight of cooperation of the Soviet Union and the
regard it as a valuable element of the development
United States to save mankind from a new world
of our own country, and we trust it is likewise bene-
war, to successfully shape the international situation.
ficial to the United States. Thus, there exists favor-
We rejoice at the constructive dialog between you,
able circumstances to go still further in its program-
Mr. President, and the General Secretary of the Cen-
ing in the future.
tral Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet
Mr. President, in 1976 the United States will ob-
Union, Mr. Leonid Brezhnev.
serve its Bicentennial. A significant contribution to
A turn for détente represents an outstanding
the making and growth of the United States has
beneficial change for all nations in their international
been made by Poles. The memory of our two peoples
is well aligned with dignified figures of Kosciuszko
relations. It is with the later process, with its perma-
and Pulaski, who fought for the independence of
nent continuation, that we link our great hopes and
both Poland and the United States.
growing optimism for the future of Europe and the
In later times, hundreds of thousands of Poles who
world at large.
emigrated in search for their work and bread par-
We also link it, Mr. President, with our plans for
ticipated in laying the foundations of the American
the further dynamic development of Poland, the
economic potential. Numerous Polish names have
implementation of which requires peace and broader
permanently entered the history of American sciences
cooperation-notably in the economic field-with
and culture.
other countries.
Today, millions of Americans of Polish extraction,
Mr. President, the people of Poland have had a
as good citizens of the United States, work for its
long and very difficult history. Over the last two
development and also maintain their emotional ties
centuries, its chapters have been covered with heroic
with the country of their forefathers.
struggle for the right to independent existence.
We take great satisfaction that ever more fre-
In World War II, in which you too served, sir,
quently they visit Poland and take pride in her
showing your patriotism and battlefield gallantry, we
accomplishments. They are surely glad with the pres-
ent development of Polish-American relations, which
lost over 6 million citizens and over 40 percent of
you, Mr. President, promote with all your heart and
our national property. It has been through the self-
determination.
sacrificial toil of our own people and with the assist-
I wish to raise this toast to your good health, Mr.
ance of our unfailing friends, above all, of the Soviet
President, to the good health of Mrs. Ford, to the
Union, that we raised this country from ruins and
good health of the Secretary of State, to the good
have created for Poland a chance for lasting security
health of all persons accompanying you, for the fur-
development and social progress.
ther successful development of Polish-American rela-
Within her just and inviolable frontiers, linked as
tions, to the success of the Helsinki Conference, to
she is by the unbreakable alliance with her Socialist
the successes in consolidating détente and peace.
1060
July 28
Gerald R. Ford, 1975
[450]
future with
450
:on, so often
ving to start
Joint Statement Following Talks With First Secretary
a period of
Gierek of Poland. July 28, 1975
Polish Peo-
ctive of her
AS A result of the conversations held by the President of the United States of
contribution
y in Europe
America, Gerald R. Ford, and the First Secretary of the Central Committee of
rder. It con-
share to the
the Polish United Workers' Party, Edward Gierek, both sides agreed to the
e, it is with
following Joint Statement.
elcome the
I.
hall actively
iles.
the further
The President of the United States of America and the First Secretary of the
We assess
Central Committee of the Polish United Workers' Party reaffirm their deter-
growth.
we arrived
mination to make their contribution to the consolidation of détente, to the
down good
strengthening of international security, and to the development of bilateral
etween our
C field. We
relations to their mutual advantage, as defined in the course of their previous
evelopment
meetings and in accordance with the Joint Statement of Principles of United
ewise bene-
xists favor-
States-Polish Relations of 1974, as well as other agreements concluded by the
ts program-
two countries in recent years.
tes will ob-
The President and the First Secretary welcome with satisfaction the convoca-
tribut
St:
tion of the final stage of the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe
two
on July 30th of this year in Helsinki. Both sides consider the convocation of the
Kosciuszko
endence of
Conference a positive contribution to the continuing process of international
détente and express their hope that it will be regarded as an historic event.
f Poles who
bread par-
Both sides expressed their will to do all they can so that the results of the Con-
e American
ference on Security and Cooperation in Europe, contained in the final document,
ames have
can sciences
become a genuine and strong stimulus for positively shaping relations among
extraction,
the participant states. They expressed their confidence that the implementation
ork for its
of the decisions by all the participants of the Conference would contribute to
otional ties
the further strengthening of peace in Europe and developing ever broader, all-
more fre-
round cooperation among them. Both sides are in full agreement that security
ide in her
h the pres-
in Europe is indivisible and that it remains closely linked with peace and security
ons, which
in the world as a whole.
heart and
Both sides note that the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe
health, Mr.
rd, to the
will be followed up by future meetings at the level of representatives appointed
the good
by the ministers for foreign affairs of participant states.
or the fur-
erican rela-
In the course of their exchange of views, both sides fully agreed that efforts
ference, to
to strengthen political détente in Europe should be supplemented by a process
peace.
of military détente. In this context, the United States of America and the Polish
1061
[450]
Public Papers of the Presidents
July 28
People's Republic attach significant importance to the Vienna talks on the
Mutual Reduction of Armed Forces and Armament in Central Europe and
Associated Measures and expressed their will to achieve progress in these talks.
The Polish side expressed its full support for the dialogue and development of
relations between the USA and the USSR-the two states which bear special
responsibility for world peace. The Polish side voiced its belief that in particular
the talks and the agreements concerning strategic arms limitation strengthen
world peace and provide a sound basis for further limitations and reduction of
strategic arms.
Both sides presented their respective views on the effectiveness of the Treaty
on Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and were in agreement as to the
fundamental importance of the Treaty for preventing the danger of prolifera-
tion of these weapons.
They also considered that the Conference on the Law of the Sea was very
important for all countries of the world. Both sides expressed themselves in favor
of making all possible efforts to bring this Conference to a successful conclusion
next year, keeping in mind the just interests of all states.
They also reviewed matters related to the growing need to develop coopera-
tion among states, notably in the field of raw materials, energy, and food. They
reaffirmed their will to act, each side according to its own possibilities and
priorities, toward alleviating and solving the existing problems. The two sides
agreed that as a result of their bilateral cooperation in selected fields of energy,
they can considerably contribute to the solution of these problems to the benefit
of their own and other peoples.
The President and the First Secretary expressed themselves in favor of con-
tinuing, on all levels, efforts to promote international economic cooperation and
to remove barriers and obstacles.
Both sides intend to work toward broadening international scientific coopera-
tion. In this respect, the Polish side pointed to the significance of the Apollo-
Soyuz program, seeing in it a symbol of the opportunities arising from joint ef-
forts of nations for the good of all mankind in the era of international détente.
The President and the First Secretary confirmed their support for the United
Nations and for the objectives and principles set out in its Charter.
The two sides reaffirmed the usefulness of their contacts and consultations to
date and reaffirm their readiness to continue them on various levels and in
various forums.
1062
28
July 28
Gerald R. Ford, 1975
[450]
talks on the
II.
Europe and
During the talks, the President and the First Secretary reviewed US-Polish
hese talks.
bilateral relations, noting with satisfaction the progress achieved, which corre-
telopment of
sponds to the interests of both nations and is in conformity with the long and
bear special
rich traditions linking the peoples of the United States and Poland.
in particular
The two sides were unanimous in their judgment that the Statements signed
1 strengthen
on October 8, 1974, during the visit of the First Secretary of the Central Com-
reduction of
mittee of the Polish United Workers' Party, Edward Gierek, to the United
States, constitute a solid foundation for the further strengthening of peaceful and
if the Treaty
friendly cooperation between the United States and Poland and they were happy
nt as to the
to note the successful implementation of the respective economic agreements.
of prolifera-
Attaching particular weight to the growth of trade exchanges, both leaders
considered a further substantial increase in trade turnover between their two
Sea was very
countries to be a feasible, realistic, and desirable goal. Both sides expressed their
lves in favor
intention to act jointly in removing difficulties that may arise. They will lend
1 conclusion
particular support in this respect to the activities of the Joint US-Polish Trade
Commission.
lop coopera-
Both sides noted the further successful development of financial cooperation
1 food. They
between the two countries and recognized its impact on the pace and scope of
ibilities and
industrial co-production. They are resolved to encourage further cooperation
le t
des
between the firms and enterprises of both sides.
is O.
gy,
Emphasizing the great role of scientific and technical cooperation, both sides
) the benefit
appraised positively the work done so far in putting into effect the Agreement
on Funding of Cooperation in Science and Technology. They also expressed
avor of con-
eration and
their support for its further expansion, especially in such fields as coal mining
and coal processing, the protection of the environment, and transportation.
ific coopera-
The two leaders also attached importance to the longstanding tradition of co-
the Apollo-
operation in the field of health protection, drugs, and biological materials.
om joint ef-
Under the program, joint research will be continued, including such fields as
nal détente.
oncology, health problems related to food and drugs, and planning, delivery,
the United
and evaluation of health services, especially those to mothers and children.
The two sides believe that there exist broad possibilities that the traditional
sultations to
field of cooperation between both countries-trade in agricultural products-be
vels and in
broadened and supplemented by scientific and technical cooperation in agricul-
ture, particularly in stockbreeding, production of fodders, technology of food
preservation, and production of high-quality varieties of protein.
Mindful of the importance of the rational use of the food resources of the
1063
[450]
Public Papers of the Presidents
July 28
oceans, both sides will continue to cooperate in the field of fishing and maritime
economy.
In seeking to broaden relations and contacts between the peoples of the
United States and Poland, both sides shall continue to encourage tourism be-
tween them. They expressed their interest in further facilitating and developing
air transportation between the two countries.
Both sides will encourage and facilitate all exchanges of people between the
two nations in order that they may contribute to broader relations and better
understanding. They will continue to promote cultural exchanges and will en-
courage further contacts and cooperation between civic, scientific, sports, and
youth organizations, as well as between cities of both countries.
Both sides stressed the significance of historical traditions for the strengthen-
ing of friendship between the two nations. They pointed to the positive role
played by Americans of Polish extraction in the enrichment of relations between
the United States and Poland.
Both sides agreed that, in the spirit of the traditional friendship between
the two nations, they will continue their efforts to solve humanitarian problems
affecting their citizens.
III.
The President of the United States and the First Secretary of the Central
Committee of the Polish United Workers' Party expressed their profound satis-
faction with the conversations they held and voiced their conviction that the
results of these talks will be of great significance for further American-Polish
cooperation.
Warsaw, July 28, 1975
GERALD FORD
President of the United States of America
EDWARD GIEREK
First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Polish United Workers' Party
NOTE: The joint statement was-signed in a ceremony at the Parliament Building in Warsaw following a
meeting between the President and the First Secretary.
1064
July 28
Gerald R. Ford, 1975
[451]
maritime
451
es of the
Toast at a Dinner in Warsaw Honoring First Secretary
urism be-
Gierek of Poland. July 28, 1975
eveloping
Mr. First Secretary, Mr. Chairman of the Council of State, and Prime Minister,
tween the
and your lovely wives, ladies and gentlemen:
and better
It is a very great privilege and pleasure for me-and in absentia, unfortu-
di will en-
nately, Mrs. Ford-to tender this dinner to you in Warsaw and to be with you,
ports, and
Mr. First Secretary, and your wife, and your other top officials and your other
guests.
trengthen-
As I indicated this afternoon and early this morning. we have enjoyed
sitive role
renewing our acquaintance and friendship with you and Mrs. Gierek.
IS between
Mr. First Secretary, the United States is about to enter-in part it has en-
tered-its 200th year of independence. Polish-American ties are even older.
P between
In the late 1500's, 200 years before Kosciuszko arrived to offer his services to
1 problems
George Washington in the American Revolution, a Polish poet evoked an
eloquent vision of the new world: "Happy isles, heroic land of bliss; Known to
our country long ere this."
Thus, even before our two people were united by the cause of American
he
al
liberty, a Polish-American affinity existed. During the 200-year history of the
our
S
United States, millions of your countrymen have come to our shores to add
n that the
Polish energy and Polish genius to the mainstream of American life.
ican-Polish
As in Washington last October, Mr. First Secretary, we have today had very
worthwhile discussions. In Washington, I said that I wanted to expand our
relationship in a broader effort to improve world relations.
It is, therefore, extremely fitting that we meet again in Helsinki very soon
as participants in the Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe. What
we do at Helsinki should contribute to an improvement in international
relations.
The further development of Polish-American ties and cooperation can point
ers' Party
the way for many, many other countries, just as our determination to improve
:w following a
our relations helps to achieve a further relaxation of tensions in Europe and
throughout the world.
Mr. First Secretary, I raise my glass to you and to your colleagues and to the
Polish people who have sacrificed so much in their struggle for a better and a
freer world.
NOTE: The President spoke at 9:53 p.m. at Wilanów Palace.
1065
[452]
Public Papers of the Presidents
July 29
452
4
Remarks in Kraków at the Pediatric Institute of the Nicholas
R
Copernicus Medical Academy. July 29, 1975
Your Honor, the members of the faculty, the members of the staff, and those
that are being cared for here, and the young people that we all have a very great
interest in:
May I thank you for your very warm welcome and the honors that you have
ar
given me on this occasion. I accept the warm welcome and the honors, not
only for myself but on behalf of the American people. It is the American people,
ar
their Congress, their President, who have great dedication to the children's
clinic, which is 600 years old when we are only 200 years old.
It is the feeling of the American people that if we can contribute our skill
pi
and our experience and our funds to help improve the health and the future of
young people, that it is the best expression we can make as an illustration of
W
the close friendship between the Polish people and the American people.
of
Young people are the prized possession of all people. We love young Polish
people, as I am sure you love young American people.
I thank you for the opportunity of being here and the honors that you have
given me and my people.
ar
[The President spoke at 10:47 a.m. Following a tour of the Institute, he made the following
remarks at 11:02 a.m., before departing:]
at
of
Let me thank all of you for the very warm welcome and the opportunity to
see the wonderful work that you are doing for children. It makes me feel very
good, as an American, that we have made a contribution to this wonderful
facility, and I will report to my fellow Americans that they have made a valua-
ble contribution to the good health and the improvement of Polish children.
May I say that this kind of exchange in science and health is the best way
to make sure and certain of a greater and greater friendship between the Polish
and the American people.
Thank you very much.
yo
pr
1066
July 29
July 29
Gerald R. Ford, 1975
[453]
453
olas
Remarks at Market Square in Kraków.
July 29, 1975
id those
Mr. Mayor, Mr. First Secretary, and your distinguished colleagues in govern-
ry great
ment, ladies and gentlemen:
It is a great experience and a wonderful opportunity for me to be in Kraków,
ou have
and I thank you very, very much for the warm, warm welcome.
ors, not
May I express my appreciation also for some of my good countrymen who
people,
are here, such as friends from home and elsewhere.
ildren's
But after the wonderful warmth of the reception that you have given me,
I know why millions and millions of Americans of Polish extraction are so very
ur skill
proud of their heritage from this great country.
uture of
This ancient square is surely one of the most beautiful in the world. It is filled
ation of
with some of the finest creations of Polish architects and artists, with the memory
ple.
of so many great moments in Polish history. Americans honor, of course, Gen-
Polish
eral Kosciuszko as a hero of America's war for independence and America's
war for liberty.
ou have
I am standing only a very few feet from the plaque marking where he stood
and took his famous oath to fight to regain the independence of Poland and
ollow
the freedom of all Poles. I am proud-very, very proud-to be with you here
at this place so rich in Polish history and so closely associated with a Polish hero
of our struggle for independence.
unity to
I have come to Kraków to see both the monuments of your great past and
el very
your modern achievements. And I congratulate you for your creativity. I know
nderful
also that you have a great university in your wonderful city, and I am de-
valua-
lighted to see some of my friends from home here benefiting from the oppor-
ildren.
tunities in this great university.
st way
Polish
In this city, the ties of friendship are strong between our two countries. We
welcome the rapid increase in trade between our two nations and the growing
number of travelers in both directions. And I particularly welcome people from
your country to come to America, particularly during our Bicentennial, which
is our 200th anniversary in the United States.
In my first meetings in Washington with First Secretary Gierek and my
meetings with Secretary Gierek here on this occasion, my visit to Poland, we
have reviewed with great satisfaction and with great progress and great im-
provement the better relationships between the United States and Poland. And
1067
[453]
Public Papers of the Presidents
July 29
this improvement, this betterment, has expanded on a year-by-year basis, and
I know that it will get better and better in the future.
Secretary Gierek and myself have fully agreed on the desirability of fur-
thering the progress-this broad progress-for the mutual benefit of American
and Polish peoples in the coming decades.
Your welcome here today in this great historic city and all of the heartwarm-
ing Polish hospitality, of which I have heard so much, are symbolic of the
rapport and the deep affection between our peoples.
I have unlimited faith in a future that will see our relations continue to im-
prove and to grow.
Niech zyje Polska! [Long live Poland!]
NOTE: The President spoke at 11:56 a.m. In his
ident attended a luncheon at Wawel Castle, hosted
opening remarks, he referred to President of the City
by Chairman of the Council of Ministers Piotr
Jerzy Pekala.
Jaroszewicz.
Following his visit to the Market Square, the Pres-
454
Joint Communique Following Talks With Polish Leaders.
July 29, 1975
1. The President of the United States of America, Gerald R. Ford, and Mrs.
Ford made an official visit to Poland July 28-29, 1975, at the invitation of
the First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Polish United Workers'
Party, Edward Gierek, issued on behalf of the highest authorities of the Polish
People's Republic. The President was accompanied by the Secretary of State
and Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs, Henry A. Kissinger.
2. During the visit, the President held talks with First Secretary Gierek.
3. Plenary talks were also held with the participation of:
From the American side: The President of the United States of America,
Gerald R. Ford; the Secretary of State and Assistant to the President for
National Security Affairs, Henry A. Kissinger; Ambassador of the United
States of America in Warsaw Richard T. Davies; Deputy Assistant to the Pres-
ident Lt. Gen. Brent Scowcroft; Counselor of the Department of State Helmut
Sonnenfeldt; Assistant Secretary of State for European Affairs Arthur A.
Hartman; Senior Staff Member of the National Security Council A. Denis
Clift, and Director Nicholas G. Andrews of the Office of Eastern European
Affairs of the Department of State.
1068
Jul
July 29
Gerald R. Ford, 1975
[454]
sis, and
From the Polish side: The First Secretary of the Central Committee of the
Polish United Workers' Party, Edward Gierek; the Chairman of the Council
of fur-
of State, Henryk Jablonski; the Chairman of the Council of Ministers, Piotr
nerican
Jaroszewicz; the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Stefan Olszowski, Member of the
Secretariat and Head of the Foreign Department of the Central Committee of
twarm-
the Polish United Workers' Party Ryszard Frelek; Director of the Chancellery
of the
of the Secretariat of the Central Committee of the Polish United Workers'
Party Jerzy Waszczuk; First Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission
to im-
of the Council of Ministers Kazimierz Secomski; Undersecretary of State in
the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Romuald Spasowski; Undersecretary of State
in the Office of the Council of Ministers and press spokesman of the Govern-
tle, hosted
ment Wlodzimierz Janiurek; Ambassador of the Polish People's Republic in
sters Piotr
Washington Witold Trampczynski; Director of Department in the Ministry
of Foreign Affairs Jan Kinast.
4. The Secretary of State and Assistant to the President for National Security
Affairs, Henry A. Kissinger, held talks with Minister of Foreign Affairs Stefan
Olszowski.
S.
5. President Ford and the persons accompanying him viewed Warsaw and
acquainted themselves with its reconstruction and development. The President
of the City, Jerzy Majowski, accompanied them.
nd
6. On the second day of the visit the President of the United States of America
tion of
went to Oswiecim (Auschwitz), where he laid a wreath at the International
Vorkers'
Monument and signed the Memorial Book.
e
Polish
7. President Ford visited Kraków. He was greeted in the central marketplace
of State
by the President of the City of Kraków, Jerzy Pekala. The President of the
issinger.
United States made a short speech to the assembled citizens. The President also
ierek.
visited the American Children's Hospital in Poland, at Prokocim near Kraków,
which was built with the support of American funds.
merica,
8. The discussions and meetings which were held between the President and
!ent for
the First Secretary and their advisers took place in a friendly and constructive
United
atmosphere and were characterized by mutual striving further to develop and
ne Pres-
strengthen relations between the United States and Poland. They reviewed U.S.-
Helmut
Polish relations and discussed international matters of mutual interest.
thur A.
9. As a result of their talks, the President of the United States of America,
Denis
Gerald R. Ford, and the First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Polish
uropean
United Workers' Party, Edward Gierek, signed a Joint Statement on July 28.
10. President and Mrs. Ford expressed their gratitude to First Secretary and
1069
[454]
Public Papers of the Presidents
July 29
Mrs. Gierek for the cordial hospitality arranged for them. They were grateful
to all the Poles who gave them such a warm reception, traditional in Poland.
11. The President and the First Secretary expressed their conviction and
desire for future visits at the highest level between the leaders of the two coun-
tries which would strengthen the U.S.-Polish relations still more. It was agreed
that specific arrangements would be made through diplomatic channels.
12. Warsaw, July 29, 1975.
GERALD FORD
President of the United States of America
EDWARD GIEREK
First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Polish United Workers' Party
NOTE: The text of the joint communique was released at Kraków, Poland.
455
Remarks on Arrival at Helsinki, Finland.
July 29, 1975
President Kekkonen, ladies and gentlemen:
Mrs. Ford and our son Jack join me in expressing our very great pleasure in
being in Finland on this occasion. I extend to the Finnish Government and to
the Finnish people the warm friendship and the warm admiration of the United
States and all Americans.
Finland is a most appropriate host for this final stage of the Conference on
Security and Cooperation in Europe. I join the other participants so that to-
gether we will take another step in the building of a peaceful, cooperative, and
mutually beneficial relationship among all of the countries of Europe.
This meeting in Helsinki can give new impetus to the process of détente.
The provisions of the document we will sign must be translated into policies
and action by the participating states if we are to realize the promises of greater
security and cooperation in Europe.
The United States will participate fully in this process. American security
and well-being are tied to the security and to the stability of Europe.
While our agenda for the next few days will be full, Mr. President, I look
forward with pleasure to seeing you and enjoying the renowned hospitality of
Helsinki and Finland.
Thank you very much.
1070