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Australia - Information and Drafts 1/91 [OA 4424]
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Australia - Information and Drafts 1/91 [OA 4424]
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Records of the White House Office of Speechwriting (George H. W. Bush Administration)
Mary Kate Grant Subject Files
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Originally Processed With FOIA(s):
FOIA Number:
S; 2003-0345-F
FOIA
MARKER
This is not a textual record. This is used as an
administrative marker by the George Bush Presidential
Library Staff.
Record Group/Collection:
George H.W. Bush Presidential Records
Collection/Office of Origin:
Speechwriting, White House Office of
Series:
Grant, Mary Kate, Files
Subseries:
Subject File, 1988-1991
OA/ID Number:
13877
Folder ID Number:
13877-014
Folder Title:
Australia-Information and Drafts, 1/91
Stack:
Row:
Section:
Shelf:
Position:
G
19
2
7
2
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
FOR MORE INFORMATION
John Hatch, (202) 682-9110
WASHINGTON, D.C., January 9 --The American Electronics
Association (AEA) said today that the agreement on Japanese
government computer procurement reached today by the United
States and Japan should significantly increase U.S. access to the
$6 billion Japanese government computer market.
William Krist, AEA Vice President for International Trade,
said access to this huge market has been high on AEA's advocacy
agenda for a long time, "AEA applauds President Bush for progress
on this issue. We will be closley monitoring the agreement.
"U.S. computer manufacturers now have just 0.4 percent of
the Japanese central government computer market. In contrast,
American computer firms claim 41 percent of the Japanese private
market, H Krist added. "This is proof positive of the high
quality and acceptability of our products in the Japanese
marketplace.
While AEA has not yet seen the final text, our understanding
is that key elements of the agreement include:
* All suppliers - including foreign - will be given equal
access, including participation in study groups in the pre-
solicitation phase.
*
Specifications for bids must be neutral between
potential suppliers.
* Single tendering would be limited to exceptional cases,
* Final selection of supplier(s) would be published.
* A bid protest system will be established.
*
The Japanese government will request agreement support
from Prefectures.
#
Unjust low bids will automatically disqualify the bidder.
* Effective date for implementation the agreement will be
April 1, 1992 for products and October 1, 1992 for services.
"Although much of the press focus has been on automotive
issues, the U.S. electronics industry is deeply concerned with
its six-year-old $20 billion annual trade deficit with Japan.
Our industry employs 2.4 million Americans. Our ability to be
successful in global markets contributes to the American standard
of living," Krist said.
"However, the new agreement is not going to solve all our
problems, Krist stated. "We call on the U.S. and Japan to
resolve remaining electronics access issues."
The agreement was a key part of President Bush's trade
mission to Japan. Electronics executives in the trade group
include Winston Chen, CEO, Solectron Corp., Robert Galvin,
Motorola Inc. and Raymond Marlow, President, Marlow Industries
Inc. All companies are AEA members and Malcolm Baldrige Award
winners.
The American Electronics Association represents 3,400
companies in technology communities throughout the United States.
For almost 50 years, AEA has been the accepted voice of the
American electronics industry.
Computer
Systems
Policy
Project
PRESS RELEASE
John Sculley Apple
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE CONTACT: Michele Norman
January 9, 1992
202-662-8407
Robert E. Allen AT&T
COMPUTER INDUSTRY EXECUTIVES APPLAUD U.S.
GOVERNMENT FOR QUICKLY CONCLUDING NEW PUBLIC
SECTOR MARKET ACCESS AGREEMENT WITH JAPAN
Eckhard Pfeiffer Compaq
Washington, D.C. -- Today, the chief executives of the twelve
leading American computer companies welcomed news from
Tokyo that the U.S. government has successfully concluded
Lawrence Periman Control Date
negotiations with Japan on an agreement to increase access for
foreign information technology products into Japan's public sector
John A. Rollwagen Cray Research
market. in particular, the members of the Computer Systems
Policy Project (CSPP) applauded President Bush for his quick and
concerted effort on this critical issue.
Ronald L. Skates Data General
"The outstanding effort by the President's trade negotiators
demonstrates a steadfast commitment to open markets and fair
Kenneth H. Olsen Digital
competition," said John Sculley, CEO of Apple Computer and
chairman of CSPP. "We look forward to working with the
John A. Young Hewlett-Packard
government of Japan and the U.S. government to ensure that the
agreement's goals of fair and open market access are achieved."
John F. Akers ISM
On December 3, 1991, the members of CSPP met with United
States Trade Representative Carla Hills to formally present findings
from a 1,12 month study of Japan's public sector market. The data
Scott a. McNealy Sun Microsystems
indicate that the problem is serious (fact sheet attached). For
example, CSPP has found that while foreign computer
James a. Treybig Tandem
manufacturers have established a major share position in Japan's
private sector market (41%), the foreign mainframe share of the
Japanese national government market is only 0.4%.
James A. Unruh Unleys
-- more --
KINNETH R. Kay, Executive Director
1735 New York Avenue. NW Suite 500
Washington. DC 20006
102 628.1-00 (Fax) 202 331-1024
"The computer industry is pleased that the Bush Administration was able to make
quick and effective use of the information we provided," said Sculley. "We commend
the government for using our findings to negotiate an enforceable agreement with
Japan that will allow our industry to increase market share in the Japanese public
sector market."
The Computer Systems Policy Project (CSPP) was formed in 1989 to develop and
advocate industry positions on trade and technology policy issues. CSPP's members
include the CEOs of Apple, AT&T, Compaq, Control Data, Cray Research, Data
General, Digital, Hewlett-Packard, IBM, Sun Microsystems, Tandem and Unisys.
Kenneth R. Kay, a partner in the law firm of Preston Gates Ellis & Rouvelas Meeds, is
executive director.
Additional background information is available upon request. Please contact Michele
Norman at (202) 662-8407.
FACT SHEET
CSPP ANALYSIS OF JAPAN PUBLIC
SECTOR COMPUTER PROCUREMENT MARKET
FCMs' have established a major share position in Japan's private sector market
(41%).
FCMs penetration of the Japanese public sector mainframe market is much
lower at 6.2%.
FCMs mainframe market share for the Japanese national government is much
lower at only 0.4%.
The Japanese public sector computer hardware market represents $6B of
annual sales, or 15% of the total computer hardware market in Japan.
The overall computer hardware market in Japan is projected to grow at a
compound annual rate of 11.7% from 1990-1995, compared to 7.2% in the U.S.
NUSCM" share of the U.S. private sector mainframe market is 4.4%.
NUSCM share of the total U.S. public sector mainframe market is 11.6% and
their share of the U.S. federal government's mainframe market is even higher at
19.6%.
NUSCM share of the U.S. private sector PC market is 9.2%.
NUSCM share of the total U.S. public sector PC market is 16.2% and their share
of the U.S. federal government's PC market is even higher at 42.2%.
FCM: Foreign Computer Manufacturers
"
NUSCM: Non U.S. Computer Manufacturers
** TOTAL PAGE.006 **
API
NEWS RELEASE
AMERICAN PAPER INSTITUTE
260 Madison Avenue, New York. N.Y. 10016-2499
212-320-0626 A FAX 212-689-2628
Cable Address: AMPAPINST-NEW YORK
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
Contact:
Thomas J. Kraner
(212) 340-0626
PRESIDENT'S TRIP RAISES PAPER INDUSTRY HOPES
FOR GREATER ACCESS TO JAPAN'S MARKET
NEW YORK, N.Y., January 9, 1992 - "The United States paper industry is very
pleased that 'by the end of March 1992, through cooperative and intensive consultations, the
Government of Japan and the Government of the United States of America will agree on
measures to substantially increase market access for foreign firms exporting paper products
to Japan.' That good news was included in the joint communique released during President
Bush's visit to Japan," said Anthony P. Gammie, chairman of American Paper Institute and
chairman, president and chief executive officer, Bowater Incorporated, Darien, Connecticut.
The American Paper Institute (API) is the national trade association of the U.S. pulp, paper
and paperboard industry. In addition, the communique states that "Japan Fair Trade
Commission (JFTC) has decided to initiate a survey on conditions in the paper sector from
the competition policy perspective, before the end of March, 1992."
MORE
* 2 -
The U.S. paper industry, with total shipments exceeding $122 billion, is a strong, low
cost, competitive producer serving worldwide markets. It is dedicated to the principle that
open markets are beneficial to all countries," said Dr. Irene W. Meister, API vice president,
international.
Although Japan is the world's second largest paper and paperboard
consuming country, in 1991 U.S. paper and paperboard exports to Japan accounted for only
2.2% of Japanese consumption.
"The globally competitive U.S. paper industry," said Mr. Gammie, "has been seeking
greater access to the Japanese market for a number of years without significant results. The
ongoing discussions on access for paper products, which have been in progress for several
months between the representatives of U.S. and Japanese governments, are strongly
supported by the U.S. paper industry."
Member companies of API are committed to being long-term, reliable suppliers of
high quality paper products to Japan and expect that an agreement between the U.S. and
Japanese governments will enable U.S. companies to become much more significant
participants in the Japanese market for paper products.
For further information from API, please contact Dr. Irene W. Meister, vice
president, international (212) 340-0640.
####
Lists 520/521/522/523/524/525/526/529/532/S34/535/A,B
Brad
(Grant-Duggan)
Draft two
PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: ARRIVAL AT ANDREWS AFB
JANUARY 10, 1992
It's great to be home. / Barbara and I want to thank all
those who made this important mission a tremendous success -- our
delegation of business leaders, Secretary Brady, Secretary
Mosbacher, our Ambassadors and their dedicated staffs and so many
others. And I want to offer my heartfelt thanks to the countless
people -- at home and abroad -- who so kindly offered prayers and
good wishes for my health when I had that bout with the flu.
The Tokyo summit meeting I concluded yesterday with Prime
Minister Miyazawa caps a successful series of talks with four of
America's most important friends in the Asia-Pacific region.
With each of these countries -- Australia, Singapore, Korea and
Japan -- we are forging ever stronger bonds of shared democratic
values, of mutual security, and of economic growth through
expanding trade. //
Each of the four nations I've just visited are robust
democracies. Indeed, democracy is so vibrant among them that
this mission gave me occasion to meet three new leaders -- the
prime ministers of Japan, Australia and Singapore -- each only
recently elected to office. The timing of my visit had a related
significance in Korea, too, where President Roh is soon to
preside over free elections to choose his successor.
At each stop on our journey, I reaffirmed America's
commitment to Pacific security. We and our Pacific partners are
determined to maintain strong defenses to keep the Free World
2
peaceful and stable during this new era. / In Japan, we won
increased host nation support for the U.S. military stationed
there: by 1995, Japan will cover three-quarters of the non-
salary costs of this defense contingent. And without
compromising security, we were able to take advantage of the
lessening of Cold War tensions by announcing talks to discuss
transferring a U.S. Naval facility to Singapore from Subic Bay in
the Philippines -- and by cancelling our costly "Team Spirit"
military exercise with South Korea. The dictatorship in North
Korea is hopelessly isolated. When I met with our troops near
the DMZ, I saw first-hand that the tide of freedom and the
momentum for peaceful reunification of Korea are inexorable. //
In each country on this mission, we made progress on my top
priority as President: renewing the strength of the American
economy and the world economy. // And while I am disappointed
that the unemployment numbers are up, I am hopeful that our work
over the last few days will help open markets for American
will
nean
companies -- and provide more jobs for our workers. Make
no
program
mistake about it: our important progress this week translates
into jobs and economic growth in America. In years to come, the
results will be clear and measurable.
Everywhere we've been I've sought urgent action on a
successful conclusion to the Uruguay Round of the GATT talks:
The best achievement we can offer our farmers, our manufacturers
and our service industries is a GATT breakthrough for
unprecedented new accords for open trade. //
3
With Australia, we strengthened our alliance and announced
plans to conclude a new trade and investment framework agreement;
and with Singapore, we announced an important new investment
treaty as well. I found support for strengthening APEC, the new
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation group, as it promotes trade and
economic cooperation around the Pacific Rim. And I've carried
our enthusiasm for a North American Free Trade Agreement across
the Pacific and shown how it, too, can add to East Asia's
prosperity as well as our own.
Our summit meeting in Tokyo highlighted the progress we've
made with Japan. We reinvigorated our commitment to the
bilateral Structural Impediments Initiative talks D and together,
we are seeking a successful conclusion to the GATT agreement W
because we want to unleash free trade in manufacturing and
agriculture around the world. Japan is our largest market for
agricultural exports -- now some $8 billion a year. Since 1987,
U.S. merchandise exports to Japan have increased more than 70
percent -- and they now account for 64 percent of our total
exports from Japan, up nearly ten percent since 1985.
A substantial portion of our trade deficit with Japan is in
the auto sector. That is not going to change overnight. But
here too, we made important progress -- not only in terms of
selling American cars and automobile parts in Japan, but also
raising the percentage of American parts in Japanese cars built
in the United States. Japanese auto makers agreed over the next
three years to increase from $9 billion to $19 billion their
Theirporehases of anerican ports
4
purchases of American made parts. Ten billion dollars in
increased exports represents almost half a million jobs.
Our summit meeting this week accelerated the opening of more
Japanese markets. In addition to the Japanese car manufacturers,
twenty-three companies in the Japanese electronics, automobile
and machinery industries announced plans to increase American
imports by $10 billion over the next three years. While there
may some overlap with commitments made by the automakers, this
represents an extraordinary increase in exports made in the USA.
This week we've breached the wall that kept American exports
of computer products and services out of the $3 billion Japanese
government mainframe market. Our agreement will expand Japanese
public sector procurements of our quality computer goods and
services. The computer industry employs millions of Americans,
and we now expect dramatic gains in this market.
We've made hard-won breakthroughs for access to Japan's huge
markets for our glass and paper products -- estimated at $300
billion and $65 billion, respectively. We've reaffirmed goals
for higher market shares for semiconductors, and resolved
standards problems in 49 different sectors of American industry -
- from processed foods and cosmetics to industrial equipment and
transport machinery.
Anybody who thinks Americans can't compete with the Japanese
who joined
haven't talked with the business executives I brought with me to in
Japan. And they haven't seen the recent studies that show
overall U.S. productivity still far exceeds Japan's ours is
( is the is higher in the world forexceeding
Jopanson
5
the highest in the world. Japan is in tenth place. I know and
these business leaders know: as long as the playing field is
level, American workers can outcompete and outproduce anybody --
anyplace, anytime.
developed
I'm especially excited about the Strategy for World Growth
Prime Minister Miyazawa and I and which we are
have propared,
coordinating with the other industrialized nations. America and
Japan are the two largest economies in the world -- together, we
produce 40 percent of the world's GNP -- and global growth is a
top priority for both of us. / Already our two countries have
made deep, pro-growth cuts in interest rates. Japan cut the
discount rate to 4.5 percent, and as you know, our Federal
Reserve has just lowered interest rates substantially -- both of
believe (inportand) 2
which I think are very helpful in stimulating long-term growth
here and abroad.
But clearly, with today's unemployment figures, our economy
is not growing fast enough. In my State of the Union Message
later this month, I will present to the American people my action
plan to get it growing faster.
We have an ambitious agenda for economic growth. Our
program recognizes that moving to open markets and expanding
foreign trade are crucial to getting the kind of economic growth
we need. I'm looking forward now to spelling this out clearly
and repeatedly to the American people. It's going to be a
vigorous and exciting bracing political year -- and I am absolutely
D
6
confident the American people will join me in this exciting
vision for a new era of peace and prosperity.
Thank you again. May God bless the United States of
America.
#
#
#
Marlin
(Grant-Duggan)
Draft two
PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: ARRIVAL AT ANDREWS AFB
JANUARY 10, 1992
It's great to be home. / Barbara and I want to thank all
those who made this important mission a tremendous success -- our
delegation of business leaders, Secretary Brady, Secretary
Mosbacher, our Ambassadors and their dedicated staffs and so many
others. And I want to offer my heartfelt thanks to the countless
people -- at home and abroad -- who so kindly offered prayers and
good wishes for my health when I had that bout with the flu.
The Tokyo summit meeting I concluded yesterday with Prime
Minister Miyazawa caps a' successful series of talks with four of
America's most important friends in the Asia-Pacific region.
With each of these countries -- Australia, Singapore, Korea and
Japan -- we are forging ever stronger bonds of shared democratic
values, of mutual security, and of economic growth through
expanding trade. //
Each of the four nations I've just visited are robust
democracies. Indeed, democracy is so vibrant among them that
this mission gave me occasion to meet three new leaders -- the
prime ministers of Japan, Australia and Singapore -- each only
recently elected to office. The timing of my visit had a related
significance in Korea, too, where President Roh is soon to
preside over free elections to choose his successor.
At each stop on our journey, I reaffirmed America's
commitment to Pacific security. We and our Pacific partners are
determined to maintain strong defenses to keep the Free World
2
peaceful and stable during this new era. / In Japan, we won
increased host nation support for the U.S. military stationed
there: by 1995, Japan will cover three-quarters of the non-
salary costs of this defense contingent. And without
compromising security, we were able to take advantage of the
lessening of Cold War tensions by announcing talks to discuss
resources
apsources
transferring a U.S. Naval
to Singapore from Subic Bay in
the Philippines -- and by cancelling our costly "Team Spirit"
military exercise with South Korea. The dictatorship in North
Korea is hopelessly isolated. When I met with our troops near
the DMZ, I saw first-hand that the tide of freedom and the
momentum for peaceful reunification of Korea are inexorable. //
In each country on this mission, we made progress on my top
priority as President: renewing the strength of the American
economy and the world economy. // And while I am disappointed
that the unemployment numbers are up, I am hopeful that our work
over the last few days will help open markets for American
companies -- and provide more jobs for our workers. Make no
mistake about it: our important progress this week translates
into jobs and economic growth in America. In years to come, the
results will be clear and measurable.
Everywhere we've been I've sought urgent action on a
successful conclusion to the Uruguay Round of the GATT talks:
The best achievement we can offer our farmers, our manufacturers
and our service industries is a GATT breakthrough for
unprecedented new accords for open trade. //
3
With Australia, we strengthened our alliance and announced
plans to conclude a new trade and investment framework agreement;
and with Singapore, we announced an important new investment
treaty as well. I found support for strengthening APEC, the new
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation group, as it promotes trade and
economic cooperation around the Pacific Rim. And I've carried
our enthusiasm for a North American Free Trade Agreement across
the Pacific and shown how it, too, can add to East Asia's
prosperity as well as our own.
Our summit meeting in Tokyo highlighted the progress we've
made with Japan. We reinvigorated our commitment to the
bilateral Structural Impediments Initiative talks, and together,
we are seeking a successful conclusion to the GATT agreement --
because we want to unleash free trade in manufacturing and
agriculture around the world. Japan is our largest market for
agricultural exports -- now some $8 billion a year. Since 1987,
U.S. merchandise exports to Japan have increased more than 70
percent -.- and they now account for 64 percent of our total
exports from Japan, up nearly ten percent since 1985.
A substantial portion of our trade deficit with Japan is in
the auto sector. That is not going to change overnight. But
here too, we made important progress -- not only in terms of
selling American cars and automobile parts in Japan, but also
raising the percentage of American parts in Japanese cars built
in the United States. Japanese auto makers agreed over the next
three years to increase from $9 billion to $19 billion their
a quarter
4
purchases of American-made parts. Ten billion dollars in
increased exports represents almost half million jobs.
Our summit meeting this week accelerated the opening of more
Japanese markets. In addition to the Japanese car manufacturers,
twenty-three companies in the Japanese electronics, automobile
and machinery industries announced plans to increase American
imports by $10 billion over the next three years. While there
may some overlap with commitments made by the automakers, this
represents an extraordinary increase in exports made in the USA.
This week we've breached the wall that kept American exports
of computer products and services out of the $3 billion Japanese
government mainframe market. Our agreement will expand Japanese
public sector procurements of our quality computer goods and
services. The computer industry employs millions of Americans,
and we now expect dramatic gains in this market.
We've made hard-won breakthroughs for access to Japan's huge
markets for our glass and paper products -- estimated at $300
billion and $65 billion, respectively. We've reaffirmed goals
for higher market shares for semiconductors, and resolved
standards problems in 49 different sectors of American industry -
- from processed foods and cosmetics to industrial equipment and
transport machinery.
Anybody who thinks Americans can't compete with the Japanese
haven't talked with the business executives I brought with me to
Japan. And they haven't seen the recent studies that show
overall U.S. productivity still far exceeds Japan's -- ours is
5
the highest in the world. Japan is in tenth place. I know and
these business leaders know: as long as the playing field is
level, American workers can outcompete and outproduce anybody --
anyplace, anytime.
I'm especially excited about the Strategy for World Growth
Prime Minister Miyazawa and I have prepared, and which we are
coordinating with the other industrialized nations. America and
Japan are the two largest economies in the world -- together, we
produce 40 percent of the world's GNP -- and global growth is a
top priority for both of us. / Already our two countries have
made deep, pro-growth cuts in interest rates. Japan cut the
discount rate to 4.5 percent, and as you know, our Federal
Reserve has just lowered interest rates substantially -- both of
which I think are very helpful in stimulating long-term growth
here and abroad.
But clearly, with today's unemployment figures, our economy
is not growing fast enough. In my State of the Union Message
later this month, I will present to the American people my action
plan to get it growing faster.
We have an ambitious agenda for economic growth. Our
program recognizes that moving to open markets and expanding
foreign trade are crucial to getting the kind of economic growth
we need. I'm looking forward now to spelling this out clearly
and repeatedly to the American people. It's going to be a
vigorous and bracing political year -- and I am absolutely
6
confident the American people will join me in this exciting
vision for a new era of peace and prosperity.
Thank you again. May God bless the United States of
America.
#
#
#
Andy
(Grant-Duggan)
Draft two
PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: ARRIVAL AT ANDREWS AFB
JANUARY 10, 1992
It's great to be home. / Barbara and I want to thank all
those who made this important mission a tremendous success -- our
delegation of business leaders, Secretary Brady, Secretary
Mosbacher, our Ambassadors and their dedicated staffs and so many
others. And I want to offer my heartfelt thanks to the countless
people -- at home and abroad -- who so kindly offered prayers and
good wishes for my health when I had that bout with the flu.
pisture?
The Tokyo summit meeting I concluded yesterday with Prime
Minister Miyazawa caps a successful series of talks with four of
America's most important friends in the Asia-Pacific region.
With each of these countries -- Australia, Singapore, Korea and
Japan -- we are forging ever stronger bonds of shared democratic
values, of mutual security, and of economic growth through
expanding trade. //
Each of the four nations I've just visited are robust
democracies. Indeed, democracy is so vibrant among them that
this mission gave me occasion to meet three new leaders -- the
prime ministers of Japan, Australia and Singapore -- each only
recently elected to office. The timing of my visit had a related
significance in Korea, too, where President Roh is soon to
preside over free elections to choose his successor.
At each stop on our journey, I reaffirmed America's
commitment to Pacific security. We and our Pacific partners are
determined to maintain strong defenses to keep the Free World
leader
2
peaceful and stable during this new era
In Japan, we won
increased host nation support for the U.S. military stationed
there: by 1995, Japan will cover three-quarters of the non-
salary costs of this defense contingent. And without
compromising security, we were able to take advantage of the
lessening of Cold War tensions by announcing talks to discuss
transferring a U.S. Naval facility to Singapore from Subic Bay in
211
the Philippines -- and by cancelling our costly "Team Spirit"
transition?
military exercise with South Korea.
The dictatorship in North
Korea is hopelessly isolated. When I met with our troops near
the DMZ, I saw first-hand that the tide of freedom and the
momentum for peaceful reunification of Korea are inexorable. //
In each country on this mission, we made progress on my top
priority as President: renewing the strength of the American
economy and the world economy. // And while I am disappointed
7
that the unemployment numbers are up, I am hopeful that our work
over the last few days will help open markets for American
companies -- and provide more jobs for our workers. Make no
mistake opportunities about it: Pm our important progress this week translates
into jobs and economic growth in America. In years to come, the
results will be clear and measurable.
Everywhere we've been I've sought urgent action on a
successful conclusion to the Uruguay Round of the GATT talks:
The best achievement we can offer our farmers, our manufacturers
and our service industries is a GATT breakthrough for
unprecedented new accords for open trade. //
3
With Australia, we strengthened our alliance and announced
plans to conclude a new trade and investment framework agreement;
and with Singapore, we announced an important new investment
treaty as well. I found support for strengthening APEC, the new
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation group, as it promotes trade and
economic cooperation around the Pacific Rim. And I've carried
our enthusiasm for a North American Free Trade Agreement across
the Pacific and shown how it, too, can add to East Asia's
prosperity as well as our own.
was a turning relationship sont our with Japan
Our summit meeting in Tokyo highlighted the progress we've
made with Japan. We reinvigorated our commitment to the
bilateral Structural Impediments Initiative talks, and together,
we are seeking a successful conclusion to the GATT agreement --
because we want to unleash free trade in manufacturing and
agriculture around the world. Japan is our largest market for
agricultural exports -- now some $8 billion a year. Since 1987,
U.S. merchandise exports to Japan have increased more than 70
percent -- and they now account for 64 percent of our total
exports from Japan, up nearly ten percent since 1985.
A substantial portion of our trade deficit with Japan is in
the auto sector. That is not going to change overnight. But
here too, we made important progress -- not only in terms of
selling American cars and automobile parts in Japan, but also
raising the percentage of American parts in Japanese cars built
in the United States. Japanese auto makers agreed over the next
three years to increase from $9 billion to $19 billion their
4
purchases of American-made parts Ten billion dollars in
increased exports represents almost half a million jobs.
7
Our summit meeting this week accelerated the opening of more
Japanese markets. In addition to the Japanese car manufacturers,
twenty-three companies in the Japanese electronics, automobile
and machinery industries announced plans to increase American
imports by $10 billion over the next three years. While there
may some overlap with commitments made by the automakers, this
represents an extraordinary increase in exports made in the USA.
This week we've breached the wall that kept American exports
of computer products and services out of the $3 billion Japanese
government mainframe market. Our agreement will expand Japanese
public sector procurements of our quality computer goods and
services. The computer industry employs millions of Americans,
and we now expect dramatic gains in this market.
We've made hard-won breakthroughs for access to Japan's huge
markets for our glass and paper products -- estimated at $300
billion and $65 billion, respectively. We've reaffirmed goals
for higher market shares for semiconductors, and resolved
standards problems in 49 different sectors of American industry -
- from processed foods and cosmetics to industrial equipment and
transport machinery.
Anybody who thinks Americans can't compete with the Japanese
haven't talked with the business executives I brought with me to
Japan. And they haven't seen the recent studies that show
overall U.S. productivity still far exceeds Japan's -- ours is
5
the highest in the world. Japan is in tenth place. I know and
these business leaders know: as long as the playing field is
level, American workers can outcompete and outproduce anybody --
anyplace, anytime.
I'm especially excited about the Strategy for World Growth
Prime Minister Miyazawa and I have prepared, and which we are
coordinating with the other industrialized nations. America and
Japan are the two largest economies in the world -- together, we
produce 40 percent of the world's GNP and global growth is a
top priority for both of us. / Already our two countries have
made deep, pro-growth cuts in interest rates. Japan cut the
discount rate to 4.5 percent, and as you know, our Federal
Reserve has just lowered interest rates substantially -- both of
which I think are very helpful in stimulating long-term growth
here and abroad.
But clearly, with today's unemployment figures, our economy
is not growing fast enough. In my State of the Union Message
later this month, I will present to the American people my action
plan to get it growing faster.
We have an ambitious agenda for economic growth. Our
program recognizes that moving to open markets and expanding
foreign trade are crucial to getting the kind of economic growth
we need. I'm looking forward now to spelling this out clearly
and repeatedly to the American people. It's going to be a
vigorous and bracing political year -- and I am absolutely
6
confident the American people will join me in this exciting
vision for a new era of peace and prosperity.
Thank you again. May God bless the United States of
America.
#
#
#
Scowcroft
(Grant-Duggan)
Draft two
PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: ARRIVAL AT ANDREWS AFB
JANUARY 10, 1992
It's great to be home. / Barbara and I want to thank all
those who made this important mission a tremendous success -- our
delegation of business leaders, Secretary Brady, Secretary
Mosbacher, our Ambassadors and their dedicated staffs and so many
others. And I want to offer my heartfelt thanks to the countless
people -- at home and abroad -- who so kindly offered prayers and
good wishes for my health when I had that bout with the flu.
The Tokyo summit meeting I concluded yesterday with Prime
Minister Miyazawa caps a successful series of talks with four of
America's most important friends in the Asia-Pacific region.
With each of these countries -- Australia, Singapore, Korea and
Japan -- we are forging ever stronger bonds of shared democratic
values, of mutual security, and of economic growth through
expanding trade. //
Each of the four nations I've just visited are robust
democracies. Indeed, democracy is so vibrant among them that
fach, we reaffermed the necessety
this TO mission provide gave nourisument me occasion to meet three for new the leaders the
prime Japan, Australia and each only
Для democracy ministers of thought thr Singapore regcon
7
recently elected to office. The timing of my visit had a related
significance in Korea, too, where President Roh is soon to
preside over free elections to choose his successor.
At each stop on our journey, I reaffirmed America's
commitment to Pacific security. We and our Pacific partners are
determined to maintain strong defenses to keep the Free World
40 instrella provide under a security decrations which
and
2
peaceful and stable during this new era
JN
In Japan, we won
comployerish everyonies
increased host nation support for the U.S. military stationed
there: by 1995, Japan will cover three-quarters of the non-
salary costs of this defense contingent. And without
compromising security, we were able to take advantage of the
lessening of Cold War tensions by announcing talks to discuss
No.
transferring a U.S. Naval facility to Singapore from Subic Bay in
the Philippines -- and by cancelling our costly "Team Spirit"
military exercise with South Korea.
The dictatorship in North
Korea is hopelessly isolated. When I met with our troops near
the DMZ, I saw first-hand that the tide of freedom and the
momentum for peaceful reunification of Korea are inexorable. //
In each country on this mission, we made progress on, own my top
priority as President: renewing the strength of the American
is of this trip
economy and the world economy. // And while I am disappointed
that the unemployment numbers are up, I am hopeful that our work
over the last few days will help open markets for American
companies -- and provide more jobs for our workers. Make no
will
mistake about it: our important progress this week 1 translates
into jobs and economic growth in America. In years to come, the
results will be clear and measurable.
Everywhere we've been I've sought urgent action on a
successful conclusion to the Uruguay Round of the GATT talks:
The best achievement we can offer our farmers, our manufacturers
and our service industries is a GATT breakthrough for
unprecedented new accords for open trade. //
3
With Australia, we strengthened our alliance and announced
plans to conclude a new trade and investment framework agreement;
and with Singapore, we announced an important new investment
treaty as well. Everywhere I found support for strengthening APEC, the new
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation group, as it promotes trade and
economic cooperation around the Pacific Rim. And I've carried
our enthusiasm for a North American Free Trade Agreement across
the Pacific and shown how it, too, can add to East Asia's
prosperity as well as our own.
Our summit meeting in Tokyo highlighted the progress we've
made with Japan. We reinvigorated our commitment to the
bilateral Structural Impediments Initiative talks and together,
we are seeking a successful conclusion to the GATT agreement --
because we want to unleash free trade in manufacturing and
agriculture around the world. Japan is our largest market for
agricultural exports -- now some $8 billion a year. Since 1987,
U.S. merchandise exports to Japan have increased more than 70
percent and they now account for 64 percent of our total
exports [from]Japan, up nearly ten percent since 1985.
A substantial portion of our trade deficit with Japan is in
the auto sector. That is not going to change overnight. But
here too, we made important progress -- not only in terms of
selling American cars and automobile parts in Japan, but also
raising the percentage of American parts in Japanese cars built
in the United States. Japanese auto makers agreed over the next
three years to increase from $9 billion to $19 billion their
4
purchases of American-made parts. Ten billion dollars in
wrong
increased exports represents almost half a million jobs.
Our summit meeting this week accelerated the opening of more
Japanese markets. In addition to the Japanese car manufacturers,
twenty-three companies in the Japanese electronics, automobile
and machinery industries announced plans to increase American
imports by $10 billion over the next three years. While there
?
may some overlap with commitments made by the automakers, this
represents an extraordinary increase in exports made in the USA.
This week we've breached the wall that kept American exports
of computer products and services out of the $3 billion Japanese
government mainframe market. Our agreement will expand Japanese
public sector procurements of our quality computer goods and
services. The computer industry employs millions of Americans,
and we now expect dramatic gains in this market.
We've made hard-won breakthroughs for access to Japan's huge
markets for our glass and paper products -- estimated at $300
billion and $65 billion, respectively. We've reaffirmed goals
for higher market shares for semiconductors, and resolved
standards problems in 49 different sectors of American industry -
- from processed foods and cosmetics to industrial equipment and
transport machinery.
hasit Anybody who thinks Americans can't compete with the Japanese
haven't talked with the business executives I brought with me to
Japan. And they haven't seen the recent studies that show
overall U.S. productivity still far exceeds Japan's -- ours is
5
the highest in the' world. Japan is in tenth place. I know and
these business leaders know: as long as the playing field is
level, American workers can outcompete and outproduce anybody --
anyplace, anytime.
I'm especially excited about the Strategy for World Growth
Prime Minister Miyazawa and I have prepared, and which we are
coordinating with the other industrialized nations. America and
Japan are the two largest economies in the world -- together, we
produce 40 percent of the world's GNP -- and global growth is a
top priority for both of us. / Already our two countries have
made deep, pro-growth cuts in interest rates. Japan cut the
discount rate to 4.5 percent, and as you know, our Federal
a full percentage point
Reserve has just lowered interest rates substantially -- both of
which I think are very helpful in stimulating long-term growth
here and abroad.
But clearly, with today's unemployment figures, our economy
is not growing fast enough. In my State of the Union Message
later this month, I will present to the American people my action
plan to get it growing faster.
We have an ambitious agenda for economic growth. Our
program recognizes that moving to open markets and expanding
foreign trade are crucial to getting the kind of economic growth
we need. I'm looking forward now to spelling this out clearly
and repeatedly to the American people. It's going to be a
vigorous and bracing political year -- and I am absolutely
6
confident the American people will join me in this exciting
vision for a new era of peace and prosperity.
Thank you again. May God bless the United States of
America.
#
#
#
what we did in Japan was
to take a major step provard in
a long process TO achieve Japanese
Beet it was only a step
machits as apen as are those
D the U-S- we will build
on These results streners monitor progress
and continue our, efforts To LA
articles amgoals.
Doug
(Grant-Duggan)
Draft two
PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: ARRIVAL AT ANDREWS AFB
JANUARY 10, 1992
It's great to be home. / Barbara and I want to thank all
those who made this important mission a tremendous success -- our
delegation of business leaders, Secretary Brady, Secretary
Mosbacher, our Ambassadors and their dedicated staffs and so many
others. And I want to offer my heartfelt thanks to the countless
people -- at home and abroad -- who so kindly offered prayers and
good wishes for my health when I had that bout with the flu.
The Tokyo summit meeting I concluded yesterday with Prime
Minister Miyazawa caps a successful series of talks with four of
America's most important friends in the Asia-Pacific region.
With each of these countries -- Australia, Singapore, Korea and
Japan -- we are forging ever stronger bonds of shared democratic
values, of mutual security, and of economic growth through
expanding trade. //
Each of the four nations I've just visited are robust
democracies. Indeed, democracy is so vibrant among them that
this mission gave me occasion to meet three new leaders -- the
prime ministers of Japan, Australia and Singapore each only
more
recently elected to office. The timing of my visit had a related
relatively new
significance in Korea, too, where President Roh is soon to
three sets elections way
preside over free elections to choose his successor.
occur this
year
At each stop on our journey, I reaffirmed America's
commitment to Pacific security. We and our Pacific partners are
determined to maintain strong defenses to keep the Free World
anachronistic
2
peaceful and stable during this new era. / In Japan, we won
?
increased host nation support for the U.S. military stationed
2 years go
there: by 1995, Japan will cover three-quarters of the non-
in read justing our security
salary costs of this defense contingent. And thout presence to meet the
compromising security we were able to take advantage of needs the a new eve
lessening of Cold War tensions by announcing talks to discuss
we reached agreement to
transferring a U.S. Naval facility to Singapore from Subic Bay in
the Philippines and by cancelling our costly "Team Spirit"
military exercise with South Korea The dictatorship in North
Korea is hopelessly isolated. When I met with our troops near
the DMZ, I saw first-hand that the tide of freedom and the
cancel mr
Yet, we moved to embrace an opportunity for reduced tensims by agreems to end ow
momentum for peaceful reunification of Korea are inexorable. ^ // enoumons "Tain
In each country on this mission, we made progress on my top
Ssint" exercize
for 1992 in
priority as President: renewing the strength of the American
response to
economy and the world economy. // And while I am disappointed
exchange for Month
went
in December
Korean agreement
that the unemployment numbers are up, I am hopeful that our work to international
over the last few days will help open markets for American
safeguards mer As
companies and provide more jobs for our workers. Make no
mileur
programs.
mistake about it: our important progress this week translates
into jobs and economic growth in America. In years to come, the
results will be clear and measurable.
Everywhere we've been I've sought urgent action on a
successful conclusion to the Uruguay Round of the GATT talks:
The best achievement we can offer our farmers, our manufacturers
and our service industries is a GATT breakthrough for
unprecedented new accords for open trade. //
3
With Australia, we strengthened meattivined our alliance and announced
plans to conclude a new trade and investment framework agreement;
agreement to conclude
bilitical
and with Singapore, we announced an important new investment
treaty as well. I found support for strengthening APEC, the new
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation group, as it promotes trade and
economic cooperation around the Pacific Rim. And I've carried
our enthusiasm for a North American Free Trade Agreement across
the Pacific and shown how it, too, can add to East Asia's
prosperity as well as our own, by reducing The Games to trader
Our summit meeting in Tokyo highlighted the progress we've
made with Japan. We reinvigorated our commitment to the
bilateral Structural Impediments Initiative talks, and together,
rund of talks
we are seeking a successful conclusion to the GATT agreement --
services
because we want to unleash free trade in manufacturing and
agriculture around the world. Japan is our largest market for
agricultural exports -- now some $8 billion a year. Since 1987,
U.S. merchandise exports to Japan have increased more than 70
percent -- and they now account for 64 percent of our total
to
?!
exports from Japan, up nearly ten percent since 1985.
A substantial portion of our trade deficit with Japan is in
the auto sector. That is not going to change overnight. But
here too, we made important progress -- not only in terms of
selling American cars and automobile parts in Japan, but also
raising the percentage of American parts in Japanese cars built
in the United States. Japanese auto makers agreed over the next
three years to increase from $9 billion to $19 billion their
4
purchases of American-made parts. Ten billion dollars in
increased purchases export ts represents almost half a million jobs.
be divided that 3yrs. by 1/5?)
Our summit meeting this week accelerated the opening of more
to our easurts
Japanese markets. In addition to the Japanese car manufacturers,
A
twenty-three companies in the Japanese electronics, automobile
and machinery industries announced plans to increase American
into Juse
imports by $10 billion over the next three years. While there
a
a a total of
some of This will be to the
and
the
nest
taken
may some overlap with commitments made by the automakers, this
amplet
N
represents an extraordinary increase in exports made in the USA.
This week we've breached the wall that kept American exports
of computer products and services out of the $3 billion Japanese
government mainframe market. Our agreement will expand Japanese
public sector procurements of our quality computer goods and
Our lending edge
technologically savuy
services. The computer industry employs millions of Americans,
a
and we now expect dramatic gains in this market.
mobets
We've made hard-won breakthroughs for access to Japan's huge
markets for our glass and paper products
estimated at $300
are $1005 of ballions of dollas
in size, with plents of room for American exports to grow
billion and $65 billion, respectively. We've reaffirmed goals
for higher market shares for semiconductors, and resolved
invisible barriers to freer trade
standards problems in 49 different sectors of American industry -
- from processed foods and cosmetics to industrial equipment and
transport machinery.
Anybody who thinks Americans can't compete with the Japanese
S
haven't talked with the business executives I brought with me to
Japan. And they haven't seen the recent studies that show
overall U.S. productivity still far exceeds Japan's -- ours is
/
truely,
because
Jas producting
growthin 3x us,
5
the highest in the world. Japan is in tenth place. I know and
these business leaders know: as long as the playing field is
level, American workers can outcompete and outproduce anybody --
anyplace, anytime.
I'm especially excited about the Strategy for World Growth
Prime Minister Miyazawa and I have prepared, and which we are
coordinating with the other industrialized nations. America and
Japan are the two largest economies in the world -- together, we
produce 40 percent of the world's GNP -- and global growth is a
top priority for both of us. / Already our two countries have
made deep, pro-growth cuts in interest rates. Japan cut the
discount rate to 4.5 percent, and as you know, our Federal
Reserve has just lowered interest rates substantially -- both of
which I think are very helpful in stimulating long-term growth
here and abroad.
But clearly, with today's unemployment figures, our economy
is not growing fast enough. In my State of the Union Message
later this month, I will present to the American people my action
plan to get it growing faster.
We have an ambitious agenda for economic growth. Our
Junth
program recognizes that moving to open markets and expanding
foreign trade are crucial to getting the kind of economic growth
we need. I'm looking forward now to spelling this out clearly
and repeatedly to the American people. It's going to be a
vigorous and bracing political year -- and I am absolutely
6
confident the American people will join me in this exciting
vision for a new era of peace and prosperity.
Thank you again. May God bless the United States of
America.
#
#
#
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
(Tokyo, Japan)
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
January 9, 1992
FACT SHEET: U.S.-JAPAN ACHIEVEMENTS ON ECONOMIC ISSUES
Twenty-three companies in the Japanese electronics,
automobile and machinery industries are planning to
billion in JFY 1993 as compared with JFY 1990.
increase their level of imports from the world by $10
Eighty-eight corporations and 22 Japanese trade
associations have expressed their support for
increasing imports under MITI'S Business Global
From
import plans have not yet been completed.
Partnership Initiative, but all of their voluntary
0
strategy for World Growth joint statement.
Both countries recognize global growth is a top
2.
because of their size (40 percent of world GNP), and
priority, that they have a special responsibility
Jobs priority. Last
that they will take actions to strengthen the
international economy.
levidure 0015
Japan percent. cut the discount rate by 1/2 percent to 4.5
The Japanese Government will "monitor progress (of
3. that Doniture
fiscal actions) to assure the expected effects.
lause
Agreement on government computer procurement covering both
products and services.
Foreign/mostly U.S. companies currently have 41
Econom evoyh.
percent of the $16.1 billion Japanese private sector
Vesl
tjabs
mainframe market, but only 6 percent of $3 billion
Japanese public sector mainframe market. (The U.S.
industry estimates the overall public sector market
4.5000
for hardware, including mainframes, at $6 billion.
4.
STOU
of
The agreement would cover both computer products and
services, but we don't have data on the size of the
service market.)
Beginning
The agreement expands Japanese public sector
A
process.
procurements of competitive foreign computer products
and services, provides greater transparency, increased
publication of information on procurement
safeguards against unfair bids.
opportunities, an impartial bid protest system, and
o
United By the end of March 1992, the Government of Japan and the
substantially increase market access for foreign to firms
States Government will agree on measures
- -Douth D.p?
exporting paper products to Japan.
Parit believe
The total American Paper Institute estimates that Japan's
so.
1989. minners paper market (including pulp) was $65 billion in
-Why waitly
Japan is only 3.7 percent from all sources, 2.2
Import penetration of the paper product market in
market percent from the U.S., so there are large, untapped
opportunities.
- more -
$
Coug would.'t Now,
Till SOTO?
Act. fresh
a
start.
2
The Japan Fair Trade Commission (JFTC) will survey the
paper industry from the perspective of competition
policy.
The GOJ will take steps to substantially increase market
access for competitive foreign firms making efforts to
export flat glass to Japan, including the following:
MITI will facilitate the efforts of foreign firms to
increase sales in the Japanese market.
MITI will encourage Japanese glass end-users to make
efforts to increase imports of flat glass under its
import expansion program.
MITI and the JFTC will encourage all Japanese glass
manufacturers to put anti-monopoly compliance programs
into effect by February 1992. One purpose of these
programs is to ensure that the distribution system is
open to competitive foreign glass manufacturers.
The Ministry of Construction will facilitate the
efforts of foreign firms to meet Japanese building
standards for flat glass and other glass building
materials through briefings, English language texts,
and other steps.
--
The JFTC will survey the glass industry from the
perspective of competition policy.
The GOJ and the U.S. Government agree to meet as
either side may deem appropriate to exchange
information relevant to the aforementioned steps.
The foreign (primarily U.S.) share of the semiconductor
market stood at 14.3 percent in the 3rd quarter of 1991, up
from 9 percent in 1986; both sides ffirm their agreement,
under which we hope to achieve the 20 percent market share
by the end of this year.
o
Resolved 49 non-auto standards problems (over two-thirds of
those submitted). This will help industries in sectors
such as processed foods, cosmetics, industrial equipment,
transport machinery, pharmaceuticals, and medical devices.
0
Japan took steps to expand opportunities for foreign
companies to sell products to the Japanese Government
(government procurement). According to the Foreign
Ministry, this would basically double the value of
government contracts open to bidders to about $6.3 billion.
Q
Both sides agree to reinvigorate the Structural Impediments
Initiative (SII) talks with new commitments.
o
The JFTC will survey four industries -- paper, glass,
autos, and auto parts -- from the perspective of
competition policy.
o
MITI is expanding its cooperation with the U.S. EXIM Bank
to expand U.S. exports to Japan and developing countries.
From May to December 1991, projects involved about $3
billion of developing country imports. MITI expressed its
intention to allocate, for further expansion of this
program, $5 billion of trade insurance resources over
several years.
# # #
WHITE HOUSE COMMCTR
FRI 10 JAN 92 01:39
PG.02
From: Bob Teeter
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
TO:
Marlin Fitzwater
*
I am disappointed that the unemployment numbers went up. I am
always disappointed when unemployment goes up.
* The economy is my number one priority and one of the main
reasons I took this trip. It is what we have been focussed on
these last few days: opening markets for American companies that
will provide more jobs for our workers.
*
Even if the unemployment numbers hadn't gone up, a stronger
economy and more jobs would be my top priority.
*
Clearly, the economy is not growing fast enough, and I will be
presenting my plan to get it growing faster to the country and
the Congress in the State of the Union.
***
Q. Isn't this evidence that we're falling into a double-dip
recesion?
A. I'll leave the technical definitions to the economists, but
only want to repeat that regardless of what the specific numbers
are, my main priority would still be a faster growing economy.
As you know, the Federal Reserve has just lowered interest
rates substantially. I think that action will help, but it may
take more time to have a significant effect on unemployment.
Q. Then why don't you announce your economic program sooner?
A. I've had a number of economic growth proposals before
Congress for the last three years (list them), and the Congress
has not acted on them. I decided to put a comprehensive plan
together and submit it to Congress at the beginning of the year
when I hope and expect they will act on them.
Anstralia
AUSTRALIA
ECONOMIC THEMES
Australia has been an invaluable negotiating partner in the
Uruguay Round, especially on agricultural issues like the
CAP.
Facing its fourth year of declining agricultural income,
Australia has pressed the U.S. on farm issues:
-
It has complained about U.S. subsidized wheat sales, is
unhappy with having to negotiate with the U.S. a
voluntary restraint agreement on beef, and is concerned
about a 34% cut in its sugar import quota due to
increased U.S. production.
Australia's financial markets have been relatively closed to
foreign entry. However, under reforms recommended to
Parliament in November, foreign banks would be allowed
easier entry and operation.
Treasury Department
December 10, 1991
12. 09. 91 09:07 PM
P02
12/7- not fully cleaned
Australia
THEMES AND TOPICS FOR PRESIDENT'S AUSTRALIA SPEECHES
(To Be Provided to WH Speech Staff)
There will be two opportunities for the President to make
major speeches while in Australia. The first will be in
Canberra on Thursday, January 2, when he addresses a joint
session of parliament. The general focus of this address
should be on the bilateral relationship, although global
regional themes should also be included. A second speaking
engagement will be on Friday, January 3, in Melbourne, where he
is invited to speak on regional/global themes at a luncheon for
business executives and others hosted by Victoria State Premier
Joan Kierner.
Parliament Address on U.S.-Australia Bilateral Relations
Themes to Include: Though largely focused on bilateral issues,
global themes should be included. The address should recognize
the important relationship that has existed bilaterally, the
success of this relationship, and the continued relevance of
our partnership in the face of post-Cold War era challenges.
Bilateral, regional and global economic issues should be
addressed and explicit recognition made of our major bilateral
friction point -- U.S. agriculture export subsidies. Finally,
there should be an invitation for increased bilateral dialogue
and cooperation in areas of particular interest to younger
(post-WWII) Australians, such as economic policies and trade
development, conservation and environmental protection,
education, resource development, narcotics control, and the
arts.
Continuing Importance of the Alliance:
o
Our long-standing key alliance has served us well. Next
year we celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Battle of the
Coral Sea. It will be a special commemoration of the close
and special defense partnership that had origins in the
Second World War. (The President's personal involvement in
the Pacific theater during that war can lend special
significance to this testimonial.)
o
However, looking ahead over the next fifty years, the
post-Cold War Era presents new challenges for our
alliance. While East-West tensions have diminished, other
problems such as ethnic rivalries, nationalist aspirations
and territorial or political disputes -- suppressed during
the Cold War period -- are now arising.
12.
0.9.
91
09:07 PM
P03
- 2 -
o
In these endeavors, Australia has and continues to play an
important role:
--
Note contributions to the Multinational Gulf
Coalition, refugee assistance and the ongoing naval
interdiction effort in the region. Express
appreciation for Australian public support during the
Gulf Coalition and its policies.
-
Note Australia's active role in developing a framework
for the current peace process which is taking place in
Cambodia, as well as Australia's contribution to the
peace keeping force.
--
Note strong efforts on proliferation issues,
particularly regarding nuclear and chemical weapons
proliferation.
o
At this point, provide the American definition of the New
World Order, an explanation of the vision which guides us,
and a statement of the welcome and constructive role
Australia is playing and will play in such a new order.
Stress Cooperation on Multilateral Trade Issues:
o
The New Order that is being shaped encompasses not just the
political realm but the economic. Both our countries have
been at the forefront, pushing hard for free and open
markets in the world. We must avoid the creation of
trading blocs. And we must continue our joint efforts to
shape an international trading system which will foster
rather than obstruct free trade, particularly through a
successful conclusion of the GATT Uruguay Round.
--
Acknowledge Australia's leadership in establishing
APEC and in shaping its development as an important
international economic entity.
-- Note Australia's bipartisan efforts to press the EC to
end agricultural subsidies and for a successful
conclusion to the Uruguay Round.
--
Note Australia's leadership of the Cairns Group of
countries which is working for agricultural trade
liberalization in the Uruguay Round.
-- Note that what we are pursuing in the NAFTA is not a
bloc. We intend to lower internal barriers, not
create external barriers. NAFTA will be GATT
consistent.
12. 09. 91
09:07 PM
P 0 4
- 3 -
Reassure on U.S. Engagement in the Region:
o
Our reasons for remaining engaged and active in Asia and
the Pacific are obvious. The U.S. is a Pacific nation.
The Asia-Pacific region is now America's largest trading
partner, with trans-Pacific commerce totalling more than
$300 billion in annual two-way trade. This is nearly
one-third larger than that across the Atlantic.
0
We will remain committed to our allies and to fulfilling
our security obligations. The U.S. will remain engaged in
Asia and the Pacific.
o
The regional partnerships which the U.S. enjoys with
Australia and other countries have and will provide the
foundation for economic and political stability in the
region.
o
Building on those, we need to define a renewed defense
structure for the Asia-Pacific theater that reflects the
regions's diverse security concerns and mitigates
intra-regional fears and suspicions - a prerequisite for
maintaining the stability required for continuing economic
and political progress.
Future Relations Between Australia and the U.S.:
o
We have points of differences, but overall our relations
are excellent. We share common histories and similar
values. And we see this relationship strengthening further
in the years ahead. There are many contemporary issues in
which Americans and Australians have much to learn from
each other:
In culture and education:
-- Australian culture increasingly influences American
music, cinema and sports.
-- There is also a solid basis of bilateral academic
interchange, including the 40-year-old Fulbright
program in Australia and numerous private exchanges
involving younger Australians at the secondary level.
--
The U.S. 4-H organization, Future Farmers of America,
and Rotary are among the groups with active exchange
programs with Australian counterparts.
12. 09. 91 09:07 PM
P 0 5
- 4 -
In bilateral economic relations:
--
The importance of bilateral trade: after Japan, the
U.S. is Australia's largest trade partner. Annual
bilateral trade exceeds US$ 13 billion. The U.S. is a
major purchaser of Australian beef, veal, lamb and
cheese.
-- U.S. firms have over US$ 15 billion invested in
Australia, the second highest in Asia after Japan,
much of it in leading edge technology in
telecommunications, aviation, and informatics, as well
as manufacturing, mining, agriculture, and energy.
-- Tourism remains very big business for both countries.
Nearly one-half million people travel each way each
year. U.S. airlines have inaugurated new routes to
Australia in 1991.
-- We are broadening economic dialogue, this year
initiating bilateral consultations on agricultural
issues and continuing our consultations and joint
efforts in important international economic fora such
as APEC and the GATT.
In environmental and resource management:
-- Cooperation in conservation and environmental
protection is expanding; we have many shared interests
and similarities in resource endowments (i.e., coal,
oil, gas, hard rock minerals) and topography. There
are many recent examples of cooperation:
-- Our two governments have established a High Level
Group on Energy to exchange information on energy
policy, programs, demand; to review ongoing research
and development; and to engage in joint research
efforts.
-- US Interior Department (DOI) Minerals Management
Service has recently signed a bilateral MOU with
Australia's Department of Primary Industries and
Energy (DPIE) for sharing data on offshore minerals
development, including environmental protection
aspects.
12. 09. 91
09:07 PM
P06
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-- DOI Bureau of Land Management has initiated a dialogue
with DPIE that is focused on the need to balance the
extraction of minerals, oil, gas, and timber with the
growing demands for recreation, and management of
cultural resources, and wildlife and fisheries
habitats. Plans include an exchange of technical
personnel between our countries.
-- USDOC/NOAA officials have recently met with their
Australian counterparts to discuss ways in which our
two nations can strengthen efforts regarding the
important environmental problems of driftnet fishing,
endangered species, and the monitoring/assessment of
the global warming threat.
--
In APEC, where Australia leads the Energy Working
Group, our two governments are considering, with other
governments, establishing a regional clean coal
technology utilization center.
-- The U.S. and Australia recently co-sponsored the
creation of an International Forestry Research
Institute to focus on issues related to the
conservation of tropical forests and the arrest of
deforestation and environmental degradation.
In fighting illicit narcotics:
-- Australia has done much to assist regional countries
in their counternarcotics efforts and is an active
member of the "Dublin Group" of donor nations that
coordinates counternarcotics aid to producer nations.
-- Our countries are united in the worldwide fight
against drug abuse and trafficking, which is becoming
a security threat of the 1990s,
Other Issues:
o
There are some issues on which we do not meet eye-to-eye
but which should also be mentioned.
o
One particularly difficult issue is Australian continuing
concern over the impact on Australian farmers of the U.S.
Export Enhancement Program for agriculture. This issue
should be confronted sympathetically but directly:
12. 09.91 09:07 PM
P07
- 6 -
-- Note the plight of American as well as Australian
farmers, our legitimate stake in world grain markets,
our intention to continue EEP as leverage on the EC,
and our hope that export subsidies will be sharply
reduced in the Uruguay Round.
-- Recognize and regret that EEP is a factor affecting
Australian farmers, but note other factors --
especially EC dumping, higher global production,
Australia's transport/port inefficiencies affecting
competitiveness, the drought, the high cost of
agricultural inputs, and the simultaneous collapse of
the wool market.
- Mention that he (the President) has just met with
representatives of rural organizations and that they
have been forthright in describing their concerns.
-- Stress that we take Australian interests into account
in implementing EEP, including setting up a bilateral
consultative mechanism that met in August for the
first time, and will continue.
12. 09. 91 09:07 PM
P08
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Melbourne Luncheon Speech on Global/Regional Issues
Overall themes: Begin with the changes in Europe and move on
to the latest initiatives in the Middle East and Southeast
Asia. While addressing the changing political winds in the
world, the President should also assure continued U.S.
commitment to regional stability in Asia and the Pacific.
Finally, focus should be placed upon international economic
issues of mutual concern, as well as benefits to both nations
of an open trading system.
Recognize Australia's Growing International Role;
o
Express appreciation for the leadership role Australia has
assumed in the world.
-- Australia's contribution to the Multinational Gulf
Coalition
-- Active role in working toward a settlement in Cambodia
-- Leadership in forming APEC
:
Strong efforts on proliferation issues, particularly
regarding nuclear and chemical weapons
o
Our partnership has become increasingly important,
especially in the wake of the tremendous changes that have
occurred in the world over the last two years.
U.S. Regional Role to Remain Strong:
o
The regional partnership which the U.S. has enjoyed with
Australia and other countries has been the foundation for
economic and political stability in the region.
12.09.91 09:07 PM
PO9
- 8 -
o
Despite the changes elsewhere in the world, the U.S. will
remain engaged, concerned and active in Asia and the
Pacific, both in strategic and economic terms.
Stress Cooperation on Multilateral Trade Issues:
o
The New Order that is being shaped encompasses not just the
political realm but the economic. Both our countries have
been at the forefront, pushing hard for free and open
markets in the world. We must avoid the creation of
trading blocs. And we must continue our joint efforts to
shape an international trading system which will foster
rather than obstruct free trade, particularly through a
successful conclusion of the GATT Uruguay Round.
-- Acknowledge Australia's leadership in establishing
APEC and in shaping its development as an important
international economic entity.
-- Note Australia's bipartisan efforts to press the EC to
end agricultural subsidies and for a successful
conclusion to the Uruguay Round.
-- Note Australia's leadership of the Cairns Group of
countries which is working for agricultural trade
liberalization in the Uruguay Round.
--- Note that what we are pursuing in the NAFTA is not a
bloc. We intend to lower internal barriers, not
create external barriers. NAFTA will be GATT
consistent.
Facing Challenges Ahead:
o
This is not to say that there are no challenges ahead:
-- The proliferation of chemical, nuclear and biological
weapons of mass destruction remains a problem;
Australia's role in achieving international safeguards
to reverse the proliferation trend has been critical
to this effort.
-- We share a common view that the formation of
protective trading blocs must be avoided, and support
for cooperative frameworks such as APEC must be
vigorously continued.
-- We should do all we can to open markets and foster
free trade in order to strengthen international
economic cooperation, confidence and recovery.
12. 09.91 09:07 PM
P10
POSSIBLE LANGUAGE FOR THE PRESIDENT'S AUSTRALIA SPEECHES
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS
-- This is only my second visit to Australia, but my
impressions of your vast and besutiful country will always be
very special ones.
-- (Insert complimentary remarks on Canberra, Sydney and
Melbourne -- depending on itinerary. Could also make reference
to Australia's size by noting that several states the size of
Texas would fit in Western Australia.)
THE ALLIANCE
-- It isn't just Australia's natural beauty that draws
Americans "down under." We share a long-standing friendship
based on common language, heritage and origins and embodied in
a special alliance that has served our two countries so well.
-- We also share a democratic openness and willingness to
accept substantial immigration as a means of further enriching
our societies.
-- I was deeply moved by my visit to the Australian War
Memorial. It evoked memories of the sacrifices that both our
countries have made, often side by side. (n.b. - Can only be
used in Melbourne speech after visit to Memorial.)
-- Yanks and Aussies fought together in World War I, helping to
liberate France. The first U.S.-Australian military
cooperation took place when elements of the U.S. 33rd Division
joined Australian troops in the capture of Le Hamel, France.
-- And in World War II, our troops again fought side by side,
and half a million U.S. military men and women served in
Australia through that war.
-- Together, U.S. and Australian forces fought throughout the
Pacific, in tough land, sea, and air combat. Our alliance and
partnership has been solid ever since == in Korea, Vietnam, and
most recently in the Persian Gulf.
12. 09. 91 09:07 PM
P11
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RECOGNIZING AUSTRALIA'S INDEPENDENT INTERNATIONAL ROLE
-- While our close and important strategic relationship will
continue to be of great mutual benefit, Australia has become a
positive force of its own in world affairs. Your views are
valued and while we may not see eye-to-eye on every issue, the
direction of your policies are complementary to our own and are
consistent with my vision of a new world order, an order where
democratic ideals of peace, freedom, and respect for human
dignity bond nations in a common purpose. Let me cite some
examples:
-- In the post-Cold War era, we are witnessing a reinvigorated
role for the United Nations. Much credit goes to Australia for
facilitating this.
-- Your initiative and persistence were key to shaping the
framework for the Cambodia peace settlement finally agreed to
by all warring factions last October. And Australia continues
to ensure that the process toward democracy and lasting peace
in Cambodia does not falter.
-- You were among the first to dispatch aid and technical
support under the United Nations Transitional Authority in
Cambodia (UNTAC), which an Australian was appointed by the UN
Secretary General to command.
--- Australians also serve under the UN banner in the Western
Sahara and are a vital part of the Multinational Interdiction
Force, ensuring that UN sanctions against Iraq are enforced
under international law. In the Middle East, as in Cambodia,
you have been quick to provide humanitarian relief. Last May
your defense force provided medical teams and water
purification equipment and services to Kurds and Iraqis fleeing
Saddam's oppression.
-- But even long before the Gulf War, Australia had the
foresight to focus world attention on the problems which are
now emerging as key concerns for the world community. Thanks
to your efforts, the "Australia Group" was established in 1984,
and is currently comprised of 22 nations dedicated to
preventing the use and spread of chemical and biological
weapons throughout the world.
-- Australia also plays a major constructive role in
strengthening the international economic system. It was Prime
Minister Hawke who pushed the idea of a regional effort to
promote freer trade by eliminating trade barriers and
12.
09.
91
09:07
PM
P12
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establishing common policies. Through his vision and efforts
was born the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, a key economic
forum we know as APEC. And since its first ministerial meeting
in Canberra two years ago, APEC has succeeded in mobilizing the
support of all fifteen participants to push for substantive
progress in this key GATT Uruguay Round, and to explore ways
that countries in this dynamic region can better cooperate to
achieve sustainable growth, to increase employment, and to
preserve the environment.
--- Clearly, Australia has established itself as a strong
promoter of multilateral solutions to important international
problems, be they military, social, political or social in
nature. And in large measure, your goals are shared by the
United States.
ASSURING CONTINUED U.S. ENGAGEMENT IN THE REGION
-- Let me take this opportunity to assure you that we, too, are
committed to remaining engaged throughout the world. There are
some naysayers who wrongly predict that recent events in Europe
and Asia will lead to a more isolationist America. This could
not be farther from the truth.
-- America tried to isolate itself politically from the world
in the past, and we ended up fighting two bloody world wars.
We also tried economic isolation that only helped to set off a
devastating world depression.
-- Current trends point to our strengthened engagement in Asia
and the Pacific in the decades ahead. This region has become
our largest and fastest growing trade partner. Two-way trade
between the region and the U.S. now amounts to more than $300
billion, nearly one-third larger than that across the
Atlantic.
-- American firms have invested more than $61 billion in the
region, and that will certainly grow. On the other hand,
investors from the Asia-Pacific have invested more than $95
billion in the U.S. We welcome this investment, which results
techniques. in new jobs, new technology and new, more effective management
-- Our bilateral trade relationship with Australia is strong
and growing. Total bilateral trade exceeds US$ 13 billion,
having grown over 20 percent in the last five years. After
Japan, the U.S. is Australia's most important trading partner,
taking 12 percent of her exports, and providing 23 percent of
her imports. At US$ 15 billion, Australia is the largest
recipient of total U.S. direct investment in the Asia-Pacific
region, again next to Japan.
12. 09. 91 09:07 PM
P13
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-- Cooperation and dialogue on economic issues can only benefit
our respective economies. We must continue this openness in
our relationship, and indeed work for greater openness in our
trade relations, particularly as we both continue to face
economic difficulties on the domestic front.
REMARKS ON THE EXPORT ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM
-- But while we generally agree on the goals, we sometimes
differ on the means. Our use of the Export Enhancement Program
to counter the agricultural subsidies of the European Community
is one point of difference.
-- I appreciated the opportunity to meet with rural
representatives earlier today (or yesterday if said in
Melbourne). I can assure you, American and Australian farmers
have much in common.
-- Let me be clear in stating that I don't favor subsidy
programs. They are a burden to the taxpayer. They weaken the
mechanism and reduce the benefits of a free trading system.
And subsidies take the competitive edge out of industry.
-- But let me be equally clear in pointing out that we did not
start the wheat war. Talks with the EC on this issue had
previously led nowhere. And it is our farmers in the U.S. and
Australia who have been badly hurt by continued EC subsidies of
wheat.
-- We must both remember that the basic cause of depressed
international agricultural prices, which have been hurting both
our farm sectors, lies with the European Community.
-- We are now seeing glimmers of hope. And I believe it is
because we have countered EC subsidies with the EEP. It is in
the long-term interest of all non-subsidizing nations that this
pressure on the EC be maintained.
-- At the same time, we in the U.S. will try to limit the harm
that our EEP does to non-subsidizers like Australia. This does
not mean, however, that Australian farmers, or American
taxpayers, will be immune from the costs of the fight against
subsidies. I firmly hope that the long term gain for American
and Australian farmers from a successful Uruguay Round will
outweigh the short term pain.
12. 09. 91 09:07 PM
P 1 4
- 5 -
- Any mature relationship, even between close allies, cannot
be without differences. I have agreed to greater bilateral
dialogue on this and other economic issues of bilateral
concern. We must continue to seek understanding and work to
iron out our differences.
THE NEXT FIFTY YEARS
The Environment
-- We can be proud as we look back over the accomplishments of
the last five decades. But we can and must do more to expand
our bilateral relationship in ways which will be beneficial to
future generations of Australians and Americans.. A key area is
the environment.
-- We share common energy interests which are derived from our
large domestic energy resource bases. Together, we are the
world's largest coal exporters. Ministerial meetings were held
here last year to discuss upgrading our cooperative research
and development efforts in the area of energy.
== At the ensuing high level group meeting held in Washington
last April, Australia and the U.S. agreed on the importance of
pursuing energy policies that will help promote our energy
exports while addressing environmental issues.
-- Together, U.S. Energy Department officials are working with
their Australian counterparts to develop clean coal technology,
energy efficient technologies, and other programs of importance
to the environment.
-- Our governments also have agreed to share information on
offshore minerals development, which include environmental
protection aspects. And there is an increase in our sharing of
experiences in balancing the extraction of minerals, oil, gas,
and timber with the growing demands for recreation, better
management of cultural resources, and environmental
preservation.
-- Our scientists also are working alongside your scientists to
better understand the global climate system. The U.S. National
Oceanic Atmospheric Administration, NOAA, collaborates with
Flinders University of South Australia in tidal research. NOAA
and the University of Tasmania also have a cooperative
arrangement for climate and global change research.
12. O 9. 91 09:07 PM
P15
- 6 -
- We are collaborating on providing regional governments much
needed information and training in preserving endangered
forests. Toward this end, the Australian and U.S. Governments
are co-sponsoring an International Forestry Research Institute
to address conservation, deforestation, and environmental
degradation.
-- And in managing the delicate balance of our ocean fisheries,
Australia and the United States have shared concerns over
driftnet fisheries for albacore and other tuna in the South
Pacific. We have joined other nations in remedying this
serious conservation threat to tuna stocks in the Pacific.
Educational and Artistic Interchange
-- I began my remarks today noting that Australia is a country
graced with much natural beauty, But it is really the spirit
of your people which has made it a country so admired by
Americans and others throughout the world.
- We see this in the arts, with the creative works of
Australians in all media, including painting, sculpture, dance
and, of course, film making. And we hear it in your music,
where Australian artists remain extremely popular in the United
States.
-- We must continue to facilitate this rich interchange between
our people. Let me give you one recent example. Our Consul
General in Perth last November invited American musical artist
Paul Simon, who was in Australia then on tour, to meet with a
number of West Australian Aboriginal musicians in his
residence. After the guests had arrived, it was the
Australians who made the first move, setting up their
traditional instruments on the coffee table. Soon, Mr. Simon
and his fellow American musicians were receiving didgeridoo
lessons. And by the end of the evening, he was sharing a few
of his own skills with the guitar, completing an evening of
musical fellowship.
- At a more institutional level, we (if in Canberra remarks,
text should read will launch today; if Melbourne, text should
read, launched yesterday in Canberra) the Australian Center for
American Studies. This new national center will expand our
bilateral links through the development of programs of
practical benefit to business, higher education, and the
universities. We hope this new national center will serve as a
forum in which interdisciplinary study and discussion of
contemporary issues will be conducted to the mutual benefit of
both our nations.
12. 09. 91 09:07 PM
P16
- 7 -
-- While we may have our differences over the EEP program, our
young people look beyond the present. In preparing for this
trip I was very pleased to learn that our 4-H program and our
Future Farmers of America have active exchange programs with
young people in your farm communities.
Easing Travel Access
-- Nearly one-half million Australians visit the U.S. each
year, and an equal number of Americans come here.
-- We are working together on facilitating freer travel between
our countries for visitors and business persons. The U.S. has
offered to waive the issuance of temporary visitor visas for
Australian nationals, but this can only be done on a reciprocal
basis. Our two governments are also discussing modifications
in your business visa issuing regime which would permit us to
legally offer treaty trader and investor visas to Australians
under our own laws.
Conclusion
-- These examples are real indications of the cooperative
spirit that exists between our two nations as we seek to
strengthen our economic, cultural and educational ties. They
are positive signs of the shape which our bilateral
relationship will take over the next five decades.
-- Let us continue to work closely together to ensure that the
future of our relationship will be as productive a partnership
as it has been over the last fifty years.
12. 09.91 09:07 PM
P18
Australian
SUGGESTED POINTS FOR TOAST AT PRIME MINISTER'S DINNER
Hosted by Prime Minister and Mrs. Hawke
January 2, 1991 - Canberra
Before proposing my toast to the Queen, I should like to
offer a brief observation on our host this evening.
You, Mr. Prime Minister, and your government, have been
good and true friends as we together have faced the challenges
of 8 rapidly changing world order.
I have valued your counsel especially over the past year as
we brought a tyrant to task in Iraq, moved the peace process
forward in the Middle East, responded to democratic openings in
Eastern Europe, and established a framework for peace in
Cambodia.
Finally, you and your Ministers, by continuing to press for
real progress in the Uruguay Round, have helped bring us close
to a worthwhile outcome. We thank you for that.
Ladies and gentlemen, a toast to Her Majesty the Queen.
12. 09. 91 09:07 PM
P19
Australia
UNCLASSIFIED
MEETING WITH MEMBERS OF THE AUSTRALIA-UNITED STATES
CORAL SEA COMMEMORATIVE COUNCIL
SCENESETTER
PURPOSE
The purpose of your meeting with members of the Australia-U.S.
Coral Sea Commemorative Council will be to express appreciation
to the Council for assuring that the 50th anniversary of the
origins of the bilateral alliance is given the prominence it
deserves.
SETTING
Approximately 50 members of the Council, distinguished and
influential citizens from many sectors of Australian society,
will have gathered in Otway Room No. 1 of the World Congress
Centre. The Ambassador will introduce you to the Chairman of
the Council, Sir Eric Neal, and the Council Vice Chairman, Vice
Admiral Michael Hudson. Sir Eric will then invite you to
address the Council. Following your remarks, Sir Eric will
make concluding remarks and introduce you to the Committee
Chairmen and to the other Members of the Council.
KEY OBJECTIVES
== To thank members of the Council, especially chairman Sir
Eric Neal, for their contributions to Council programs and
projects that will commemorate the World War II origins of
our bilateral alliance in 1992.
-- To focus press attention on the Council and stimulate
general public interest in the cycle of commemorative
events planned in Australia during 1992, especially the
50th anniversary of the Battle of the Coral Sea.
-- To acknowledge the contributions of th thousands of
Australians who are working to develop commemorative
activities during 1992.
-- To underline the importance the U.S. attaches to younger
Australians and the future of the alliance.
Attached is a list of participants.
UNCLASSIFIED
12. 09. 91
09:07
PM
P20
UNCLASSIFIED
POINTS TO BE MADE WITH THE AUSTRALIA-UNITED STATES
CORAL SEA COMMEMORATIVE COUNCIL
I am pleased to have the opportunity this morning to thank
all of you personally for your participation in the
Australia - U.S. Coral Sea Commemorative Council.
-- The programs and activities you coordinate or sponsor will
ensure that events which shaped the beginnings of our
bilateral alliance -- especially the 50th anniversary of
the Battle of the Coral Sea -- receive the attention they
deserve in 1992.
-- I also want to convey to this Council and to all
Australians who are developing commemorative programs this
year the appreciation of the over one million American men
and women who served in Australia during World War II.
-- The participation of so many prominent Australians on this
Council is evidence that the defense of freedom here and in
the South Pacific during World War II by Australians and
Americans has not been forgotten.
-- I share your hope that many of our veterans will return to
Australia with their families in 1992 to take part in the
activities that are being planned. I know they will
receive the same open, warmhearted Aussie welcome that I
have received.
-- I am sure that the actions of this Council will strengthen
and sustain an alliance that has matured and is as relevant
today as it ever was.
-- My best wishes to you throughout this commemorative year.
UNCLASSIFIED
12. 09. 91 09:07 PM
Anstralia
P17
cleaned
SUGGESTED POINTS FOR TOAST AT THE STATE DINNER
Hosted by the Governor General and Mrs. Hayden
January 1, 1992 - Canberra
Before proposing a toast to the Queen, I would like to make
a few brief remarks.
First and foremost, I can't express strongly enough how
pleased Barbara and I are to be here with you, Mr. Governor
General, your gracious wife, Dallas, and the other
distinguished guests.
Barbara and I recall fondly the warmth we felt during our
1982 visit during Coral Sea Week. We are feeling that warmth
again on this visit. Other than Kennebunkport, I can't think
of another place we would rather have seen in this new year.
Our shared values, history, culture, and struggles through
war and peace together have created a bond between our two
peoples that is close and lasting.
We shared the burdens of the Cold War together. Now let's
look together to the next fifty years. Let's seek ways to
expand the bonds of friendship for the next generation of young
Americans and Australians, to help them face the challenges of
their time, building 8A the paace, conserving the anvironment,
educating their children, and sharing the benefit of God's
bounty with all.
Ladies and gentlemen, a toast to Her Majesty the Queen.
Anstralia
POSSIBLE POINTS FOR MENTION IN PRESIDENT BUSH'S ADDRESS (ES?)
AUSTRALIAN FULBRIGHT PROGRAM
HISTORY
Commenced with binational agreement in 1949.
First group of 28 Australian postgraduate students left for
U.S. in 1950.
First group of 16 American postgraduate students and 10
American Senior Scholars came to Australia 1951.
Total participants, all categories, between 1950 and 1991 (42
years) : almost 2,500 Australians, 1,500 Americans.
Program, largely academic, coincided with large expansion of
higher education and organised research in universities:
American Fulbrighters made major contribution to development
of postgraduate education and research, Australian
Fulbrighters (on return from U.S.) provided significant high
quality academic staff for expanding higher education.
Program became catalyst in establishing education linkages
with U.S. institutions, cooperative research projects and a
variety of institutional exchange arrangements now so numerous
that it is difficult to document them all.
PROMINENT ALUMNI
American
Thomas PICKERING, current U.S. Ambassador to United Nations,
holds Master's degree in History (1954/55) from University of
Melbourne.
Aaron WILDAVSKY, Professor of Political Science, U.C. Berkeley
(University of Sydney, 1954/55).
Joshua LEDERBERG, Nobel Prize for Medicine, Senior Scholar at
University of Melbourne, 1957.
John Hope FRANKLIN, Historian, Senior Scholar at Australian
National University, 1959 & 1973.
Kenneth PYE, President, Southern Methodist University, Senior
Scholar (Law), Monash University 1974.
Oscar HANDLIN, Historian, Senior Scholar at University of
Sydney, 1982.
Bernard BAILYN, Historian, Senior Scholar, Australian Academy
of Humanities, 1987.
Paul SAMUELSON, Nobel Prize for Economics, Distinguished
Visitor 1973.
John UPDIKE, Author, Distinguished Visitor, 1974.
AUSTRALIAN
Sir Zelman COWEN, former Governor-General of Australia, Law,
Senior Scholar, University of Illinois, 1957.
Sir Ronald WILSON, Justice of the High Court of Australia
(1979-89), Chancellor, Murdoch University; postgraduate
student, University of Pennsylvania, 1956/57.
Hon. Nick GREINER, Premier of New South Wales, MBA Harvard,
1968/69.
David KEMP, Shadow Minister for Education, Australian
Parliament, postgraduate student, Yale University 1968-72.
Gordon REID, late Governor of Western Australia, Senior
Scholar, College of William & Mary, 1977.
Robert NICHOLSON, Justice of the Supreme Court of Western
Australia, postgraduate student, Georgetown University 1973.
Christopher HIGGINS, late Secretary, Australian Treasury
Department, Senior Scholar, University of Pennsylvania 1973.
Roy CAMERON, former Australian Statistician, 1951 postgraduate
student, Harvard.
Keith BOARDMAN, former Chief Executive officer, CSIRO; Senior
scholar 1963, 1973.
Harold CLOUGH, Man. Director, Clough Engineering, W.A.;
postgraduate student 1951, U.C. Berkeley.
1.22/10/91
Australia
MEMORANDUM
October 21, 1991
TO:
USIA Washington, D.C. - David Hitchcock, Director, EA
FROM:
USIS Canberra - Lewis R. Luchs, CPAO4 Ren
SUBJECT: U.S. - Australia Historical References
Attached are brief descriptions of U.S. - Australian links
during the past 200 years. The order is, roughly,
chronological.
The final page lists Australians who have achieved prominence
in the U.S.
Another copy of this fax document will be sent to you via APO
today.
AUSTRALIA
-
1700-1800
When Captain Cook's ship the "Endeavour" sailed from Plymouth,
England in 1768, two Americans were on board: Second
Lieutenant John Gore and Midshipman Mario Matra. This was the
voyage during which Cook discovered Australia. As loyal
officers in His Brittanic Majesty's Royal Navy, Gore and Matra
wanted nothing to do with the "seditious republicanism" taking
place in America. To overçome a crew shortage, another
American, a young sailor, was press ganged into joining the
voyage.
//
The first U.S. ship to enter an Australian port was the
"Philadelphia." a trader en route to Canton via the Cape of
Good Hope. The "Philadelphia" arrived in Sydney in 1792.
Subsequently, American trading ships, usually bound for China,
appeared in Port Jackson for supplies. Ships with spirits and
provisions for sale sometimes traded with the colony. This
was against regulations but the colony periodically suffered
from near starvation due to delays in the arrival of the
British ships. During the first 20 years of settlement in the
colony of New South Wales, foreign trade was confined almost
entirely to the United States. Before 1800 as many as 16
American ships entered Sydney Harbor. American contact with
Australia was not limited to the eastern seaboard. In Western
11
Australia, in 1792, two American whalers from Nantucket landed
in Shark Bay.
1800-1900
From 1800 to 1811, during the years preceding the outbreak of
the second war between England and America, at least 42 ships
came to Australia under United States colors. The increase in
American activities in Australian waters just after 1800 was
due mainly to the discovery of seals in Bass Strait. It has
been said that Governor Philip Gidley King and the merchant
community of Sydney became disturbed at the potential effect
of American operations on trade. Disputes between American
and local sealers arose, and finally the Governor, concerned
at the assistance given to escaped convicts by the U.S.
sailors, imposed regulations by which the anchorage of foreign
ships in Port Jackson was restricted to one area, Neutral Bay,
to prevent illegal trading and the "seizure of convicts". In
1804 America sealers were barred from Australian coastal
waters; in any case, large areas of the sealing grounds had
almost been fished out.
Trade with the U.S. became less profitable and ceased with the
outbreak of the war of 1812. Transactions later resumed and
by 1833 several American merchants had appointed agents in
Australia. Meanwhile, whaling operations continued to grow.
The peak years were between 1830 and 1850 when the whalers
worked the waters around New Zealand, South Australia and
Western Australia. Port facilities were often greatly
improved in order to accommodate these ships. By 1841, 25
American whaling ships were operating out of Albany in Western
Australia.
- 1 -
in American-Australian relations. An Australian historian,
Thomas Dunbabin, reminds us that in every Australian state
except NSW and Queensland, whalers and sealers played an
important part as the pioneers and forerunners of settlement.
At a time when no one had penetrated more than fifty miles
inland, whalers, sealers and sandalwood traders had explored
and exploited the vast recesses of the Southern Ocean and
provided the first important articles of Australian export.
In May 1836, President Jackson appointed J.H. Williams as the
first American Consul in Australia. Mr. Williams arrived from
Boston on 10 January 1837. The "Colonist", a newspaper of the
day, said:
"We welcome his arrival with unfeigned goodwill, regarding it
as a pledge of increasing intimacy between the two countries,
from which mutual advantages may be expected to flow. The
spirit of commercial enterprise was never perhaps, more
energetic, adventurous, and persevering, in any nation, than
it is now in the United States of America. It is the
presiding genius of all their maritime towns, shaping their
plans, animating their exertions moulding their laws,
polishing their manners, expanding their intellect, and
raising then to municipal wealth and national eminence.
Scarcely is there a sea which their ships do not plough, or a
port in which they do not ride
"
In December 1839, Sydneysiders had their first visit from the
U.S. Navy - a peaceful one. Ships of the U.S. Surveying and
Exploring Expedition under command of Commodore Charles Wilkes
berthed in Port Jackson (Sydney Harbour) to refit and enjoy
Christmas. His civilian scientists on board went to many
places while in Australia. They made a significant
contribution to the scientific study of Australian geology,
anthropology and zoology.
When gold was discovered in California in 1848, the ports of
eastern Australia were well placed to exploit the California
market. In early 1849 ships began leaving Australia for
California. Those who had shipped goods to California in
January had little accurate information about the San
Francisco market, and sent mostly the obvious necessities of
food and clothing; flour, stores, soft goods, blankets and
clothing formed the bulk of the shipments.
Several merchants also left on those first ships to establish
branches of Sydney firms in San Francisco. In August one of
the first Sydney vessels to leave for California returned.
The news, though not uniformly good, was definitely
encouraging. Demand for shipping space increased and the
shipments included other items such as building materials and
coal. Sydney, Hobart, Launceston, Newcastle, Melbourne and
Adelaide were all involved in California trade over the years
1849-1851. Emigrants went from all these ports. Australian
exports to California during the years 1849-1851 were valued
at almost 350,000, of which 185,000 was from NSW. Many
people came back after 1851, but many stayed and settled in
California or elsewhere in the U.S. In 1853, an American took
the seeds of fourteen species of eucalypt (commonly known as
"gum trees") back to California. Before the end of the
century there were well-established eucalyptus plantations in
California, Arizona, New Mexico and Florida.
- 2 -
Gold was discovered in Australia in 1851, thereby
emigration to the U.S. By the end of 1851 Californians were
arriving in Sydney and Melbourne by the hundreds. Before
1850, American migration to Australia had been insignificant,
but in the years 1851-1856 more than 18,000 persons arrived in
Sydney and Mebourne from America. All were labeled
Californians and were suspect because Australian concepts of
"Yankee democracy" were as misconceived as American concepts
of Australian crime. In California, Americans had tended to
regard all Australians as ex-convicts. In Victoria,
Australians regarded Americans as pistol-touting advocates of
lynch law and mobocracy.
On 10 August 1852, the British Consul in Philadelphia had
written a confidential despatch to the Foreign Secretary
quoting American press reports to the effect that the growing
American exodus to Australia would strengthen republicanism in
Australia.
The role of foreigners in that important event in Australian
history, the Eureka Stockade, has been the subject of debate
from the eve of the rebellion right up to the present. The
Eureka Stockade was an armed clash between gold diggers and
the Victorian military and police forces. The miners had a
number of grievances: they were not enfranchised; they were
not represented in the Legislative Council; and land for
settlement was not readily available to them. The chief
grievance, however, was the licensing system whereby miners
paid 30 shillings per month for the right to dig for gold.
The miners were overcome in the clash with a number being
killed. A Commission of Inquiry later abolished the license
fee, established an export duty on gold, and recommended that
miners be issued with a document costing 1 pound per annum,
constituting the miner's title deed to his claim.
Although historians claim that it is difficult to truly
unravel the complete role of the Americans at Eureka, some
points should be noted.
Of the American community resident in Victoria in 1854, almost
35% were living in Melbourne and Geelong, mostly engaged in
the import trade. The American merchants in Melbourne were
distinguished for their patriotism, but their commercial
interests were such that they were unlikely supporters of any
minority republican movement. The U.S. Consuls throughout the
1850s belonged to this merchant group and represented their
interests. From the point of view of the Consul and the
merchant community, any involvement of American citizens in
the goldfields unrest was undesirable since it might prejudice
diplomatic relations and, therefore, commercial relations.
However, it appears that some Americans on the goldfields were
engaged in a movement to establish an Australian republic.
American miners at Ballarat formed a guerilla corps, the
California Rangers, which was to participate if fighting
commenced. News of a gold strike in Peru reduced their
numbers sharply, but those remaining formed the California
Rangers' Revolver Brigade. It was present at the Eureka
fighting, but little is known of the part that it played.
- 3 -
Following the great growth of exports to the California
goldfields, the discovery of gold in NSW and Victoria caused
Australia to become an importer and the value of Australian
exports fell sharply during 1850-1851. Several American
companies established branches in Melbourne and Sydney. The
vigorous, progressive methods of American firms caused concern
in British circles. American hardware was better than that
sent out by the English merchants, and American stoves,
carriages and sewing machines proved popular with the
Australian public.
In 1853, George Train, a future independent candidate for the
presidency of the United States, then a brash young man of 24
and a member of a prominent Boston shipping company, arrived
in Australia. Boston was already the center of an important
export trade to California, Australia and South America.
Train wasted no time in establishing lively, profitable
businesses in Victoria. As well as importing items such as
axes, hoes, canned goods, kerosene and buggies, Train also
owned a fire company, with two Boston-made engines, and a
commercial exchange. Train also promoted the Cobb and Co.
coaches. Freeman Cobb arrived from Boston in 1853 with
coaches adapted for Australian conditions. Train claimed that
he loaned Cobb the money to start Cobb and Co., the company
that dominated outback Australian road travel for the next
fifty years. Cobb and Co. began business in 1854. The
original operators were all young Americans who had learned
the trade working with one or other of the two leading
American express or carrying companies, Wells Fargo and the
Adams Express Comany.
An American trained-engineer, S.W. McGowan, built the first
electro-magnetic telegraph line in Australia from Port Phillip
Heads and Geelong to Melbourne. Also in Melbourne, Americans
were active in agitating for better roads and in providing
better carriages to drive on them. In later years, Americans
played a leading role in the introduction of omnibuses, cable
trams, and in modernizing Victorian, NSW and South Australian
railways.
In 1853 Victoria imported goods to the value of 1,669,000
from the U.S., 10.4% of its total imports. In the same year,
NSW imported goods to the value of 270,000 from the U.S.,
4.4% of its total imports. Over half the imports to both
states came from the United Kingdom. But throughout the gold
rush decade, from 1853-1861, America held firm to its second
place in the Australian market.
When the American Civil War interrupted the regular arrival of
supplies, American businessmen played an important role in
stimulating the growth of Australian tobacco, fruit-growing
and mining industries. Trade in flour and provisions ceased
in the 1860s and the timber traffic declined; oil and
machinery became the principal items of commerce.
American precedent was widely used in the early arguments
about tariff protection to infant industries. Local
protectionists deduced from the parallel development of
tariffs and industry in the United States the conclusion that
the two had a direct causative connection, and argued that the
easiest way to industrialize Victoria was to introduce a high
protective tariff against imported manufactures. Others were
able to point out the growing dissatisfaction of American
manufacturers with their own tariff and their increasing
demand for a reduction in import duties, as a proof of the
need for free trade.
- 4 -
In January 1865, the armed Confederate cruiser "Shenandoah"
arrived in Victoria. This event engendered considerable
excitement in the colony. American Civil war exploits were
well known in Australia, as Sydney and Melbourne newspapers
reported them in full. The captain of the "Shenandoah", Lt.
Commander James Waddell, was granted permission to purchase
coal and provisions, and to have repairs carried out on a
damaged propeller-shaft bearing. The ship was also sorely in
need of crew.
Melbourne provided few sailors, but the people of the city
took the crew of the "Shenandoah" to their hearts. They were
lavishly entertained; some officers were made members of the
exclusive Melbourne Club. Meanwhile the United States Consul
unsuccessfully requested the Admiralty Court to order the ship
to leave port and to release subjects allegedly held in the
crews' quarters. Waddell remained firm. He refused to allow
police to board and search his vessel. A police cordon around
the ship prevented Australian labor from helping move the
"Shenandoah," but it also prevented pro-Yankees in Melbourne
from blowing up the vessel.
By mid-February 1865, the ship had taken on provisions and had
been repaired. She steamed out of Port Phillip and in the
next eight months, captured 38 Yankee ships, took 1000
prisoners and caused damage amounting to US$6,500,000.
Cultural links between Australia and the U.S. persisted
throughout the the 19th century. A young American couple,
J.C. Williamson and his wife, Maggie Moore, came to Australia
in the 1870s. In the 1880s they joined with two Englishmen
and set about bringing many famous European and American acts
and stars to Australia. The descendants of J.C. Williamson
still run this well known Australian company today.
Henry Adams in 1891 and Mark Twain in 1895 mistook Australia's
cordial easy-going ways and open-minded receptiveness to
technology for Americanization. "The Australians did not seem
to me to differ noticeably from Americans, either in dress,
carriage, ways, pronunciations, inflections, or general
appearance", reported Mark Twain. "There were fleeting and
subtle suggestions of their English origin, but these were not
pronounced enough, as a rule, to catch one's attention".
Upon entering Sydney Harbor via ship, Twain was asked by a
local citizen what he thought of it. "I said it was beautiful
- superbly beautiful. Then by a natural impulse I gave God
the praise. The citizen did not seem altogether satisfied.
He said:
'It is beautiful, of course it's beautiful the harbor; but
that isn't all of it; it's only half of it; Sydney's the other
half, and it takes both of them together to ring the
supremacy-bell. God made the Harbor, and that's all right;
but Satan made Sydney."
Remarking upon the climate, Twain said: "A person ought to
see Sydney in the summer time if he wanted to know what warm
weather is; and he ought to go north ten or fifteen hundred
miles if he wanted to know what hot weather is. They said
that away up there toward the equator the hens laid fried
eggs. Sydney is the place to go to get information about
other people's climates."
- 5 -
In discussing New South Wales, Twain said: "It is a country
that is rich in mines, wool ranches, trams, railways,
steamship lines, schools, newspapers, botanical gardens, art
galleries, libraries, museums, hospitals, learned societies;
it is the hospitable home of every species of culture and of
every species of material enterprise, and there is a church at
every man's door, and a race-track over the way."
Another link between Australia and the United States during
the 19th century: from 1897 to 1898, Herbert Hoover, later to
become the 31st President of the United States, worked in
Western Australia as a young mining engineer on some of the
goldfield's biggest mines, including the Sons of Gwalia.
- 6 -
1900-PRESENT
As the 20th century began, America began to have greater
impact on everyday Australian life.
It began with the growing import of American farm and mining
machinery, films, household gadgets, and motor cars. By 1912
Ford and General Motors were exporting wholly assembled cars
into Australia. In 1917 both Ford and GM began using an
increasing proportion of Australian manufactured body parts.
In 1925 the Ford Motor Company of Australia Pty Ltd began
assembling Model T Fords at Geelong, Vic. In 1926, GM
established a sales subsidiary, General Motors Australia Pty
Ltd.
In 1908 came the monumental success of a full dress visit from
the American fleet that involuntarily left several hundred new
Australian immigrants behind. When Japan defeated Russia in
the Russo-Japanese War of 1904-1905, Australian statesmen and
newspapers openly condemned Britain's alliance with Japan and
made it clear that American assurances of protection would not
be unwelcome. The Prime Minister, Sir Edmund Barton, in
January 1901, visiting the mail-ship "Sierra", said that "like
the Americans, Australians naturally thought first of their
own, but next to them they thought of their kinship to
America." Alfread Deakin, in 1905, said that "Next to our own
nation we place our kindred in America."
In this context, one can appreciate the enthusiasm with which
the Australian Government, press and people welcomed the visit
of Rear-Admiral Charles S. Sperry, U.S.N., with 16 American
battleships - the Great White Fleet - in August and September
of 1908.
Pitt Street was renamed American Avenue for the week. A huge
papier mache "Mayflower" hid the facade of Customs House and a
replica of the Statue of Liberty rose to a height of five
stories in front of the "Daily Telegraph" building. According
to the "Telegraph", one hundred thousand people crowded the
shores and headlands of Sydney Harbor to see the Great White
Fleet arrive. The flotilla, led by Admiral Sperry's flagship,
the "U.S.S. Connecticut," represented the biggest and best in
naval architecture and gunnery at the time.
The invitation sent to Roosevelt's Great White Fleet to
include Australia on its round-the-world voyage caused some
tension between Australia and Great Britain. Atlee Hunt,
permanent head of the Department of External Affairs, denied
in 1910 that the invitation to the American fleet was a sort
of international insurance policy against future trouble in
the Pacific. Some historians, however, argue that the aim of
the invitation was at least partly to provoke a similar
demonstration of British naval strength in the Pacific.
Further overtures to the U.S. in the form of an invitation to
Theodore Roosevelt to visit Australia on his proposed world
tour in 1909, after the end of his presidential term, provoked
annoyance within the British Colonial Office.
On the whole, however, friendly relations with the U.S. were
seen as a supplement to, not a substitute for, British
protection.
- 7 -
In 1912, Walter Burley Griffin, pupil of Frank Lloyd Wright,
won an international competition for the design of a new
federal capital, Canberra.
Griffin's original design grouped the city's functions into
five separate centers carefully located according to a "single
system of coordinate axes. This design was dismissed as too
extravagant by an economy-minded government, and was replaced
briefly by a different plan, which was later discarded. After
much controversy Griffin was appointed Federal Capital
Director of Design and Construction to supervise the building
of his altered design. His contract was renewed at intervals
up to the end of 1920, when, after disagreements with the
Government, his role was taken over by the Federal Capital
Advisory Committee, on which he refused to serve.
Griffin's private practice in Melbourne produced plans for the
towns of Griffith and Leeton in New South Wales, and other
community planning projects in Australia and North America.
He is also noted for his plans for the development of
Castlecrag in Sydney, a residential community designed to
preserve the natural environment of a bushland promontory in
Sydney Harbor.
Invited to design the library at the University of Lucknow,
Griffin went to India and died there in 1937.
In 1913, a flamboyant Canadian-born, American-educated
Minister for Home Affairs, King O'Malley, took part with the
Governor General, Lord Denman, and a Labor Prime Minister,
Andrew Fisher, in the official inauguration of the new
capital.
In September 1918, Australian and American troops fought
alongside each other in the main attack on the Hindenburg Line
which ended World War I, a battle experience to be shared
again in WWII, Korea and Vietnam.
Businessman, mariners, airmen, entertainers, athletes and
technicians continued to build links across the Pacific.
Charles Kingsford-Smith and Charles Phillippe Ulm, both
Australians, together with Americans Harold W. Lyon and James
Warner, flew the Pacific from the U.S. to Australia for the
first time in the plane "Southern Cross", a second-hand Fokker
bought from money borrowed from Hubert Wilkins, the
Australian-American explorer.
Australian-American links became even more strongly forged
during World War II. More than one million America servicemen
came through Australia during the war years. Some
12,000-15,000 Australian brides (one of them was Mrs. Caspar
Weinberger) of U.S. servicemen went to the U.S. and about 1000
American World War II veterans returned to Australia. In
Western Australia, Allied submarines operated out of the ports
of Albany and Fremantle. Over 30 submarines operated out of
Albany in 1942 alone. U.S. Navy Catalina Flying Boats were
based in Perth. Probably the largest defense presence was in
Queensland, where large units of the U.S. Army, Navy and Air
Force were stationed, including 100,000 troops in Townsville.
- 8 -
In April 1942, General Douglas Macarthur arrived in Australia
from the Philippines to command all Allied operations in the
South-West Pacific area. In early May, 1942 the Battle of the
Coral Sea was fought only 1200 kilometers off the North
Queensland coast. This battle with the Japanese was fought by
aircraft from opposing carriers and by Australian and American
aircraft based in north Queensland. The Coral Sea battle
saved Port Moresby, reduced the intensity of Japanese attacks
on North Queensland, and checked the rapid series of Japanese
successes in the Pacific following the attack on Pearl Harbor.
In 1950, Australian and American troops again fought side by
side in support of South Korea and on July 12, 1951, the ANZUS
pact was signed. In the 1960s, Australian troops were heavily
)
engaged alongside Americans in the Vietnam War.
In 1969, Australia's radio telescope at Parkes was used in
conjunction with another 210 foot antenna in the U.S. to carry
the historic television pictures of the first manned landing
on the moon. The picture everybody remembers - Neil
Armstrong's leg searching for the surface of the moon - was
first seen in the briefing room of the Honeysuckle Creek
tracking station near Canberra. As a compliment to Australia,
NASA in 1971 named Apollo 15 "Endeavour" after Captain James
Cook's "Endeavour".
Other cultural links: the Fulbright Scholarships Exchange
Scheme, which provided for the exchange of scholars and
students between the U.S. and certain other countries, was
established by an act of Congress sponsored by Senator J.W.
Fulbright in 1946. The section of the agreement relating to
Australia was signed in Canberra on November 26, 1949. It
involved the exchange of students on the financial basis of a
debt of $5 million owed to the U.S. by Australia as a result
of wartime lend-lease and surplus property settlements. The
first Australians to be awarded scholarships under the scheme
went to the U.S. in 1950 and the first Americans came to
Australia in 1951. In 1953/54, 115 exchanges took place.
In 1991, there will be 59 exchanges.
The American Chamber of Commerce was established in Sydney in
1961 with sixty members. The Chamber was originally
established to represent the American business community in
Australia on questions of commerce, finance, industry, trade.
In 1991, it has 1,167 members.
- 9 -
Australians who have significant contributions to American
society and culture:
Film
- Errol Flynn - Tasmanian actor who appeared in "Mutiny on
the Bounty", "Captain Blood" and other swashbuckling
Hollywood roles in the 1930s and 1940s.
- Mel Gibson - actor in "Mad Max", "Lethal Weapon", "Hamlet"
- Paul Hogan - one of the writers of the screenplay and main
actor in the film "Crocodile Dundee"
- Dean Semler - cinematographer on "Dances With Wolves"
Sport
- Wayne Grady - golfer who won U.S. PGA championship in 1990
- Greg Norman - golfer - top money winner for 1990 on PGA tour
- John Newcombe - U.S. Tennis Open singles winner
- Ken Rosewall - U.S. Tennis Open singles winner
- Rod Laver - U.S. Tennis Open singles winner
- Margaret Court - U.S. Tennis Open singles winner
- Murray Rose - swimmer
- Dawn Fraser - swimmer
- John Landy - runner
- Herb Elliott - runner
- Harry Hopman - tennis player
Music
- Olivia Newton John - singer and actress
- Dame Joan Sutherland - opera singer
- Men At Work - rock group
- Bee Gees - pop group
Writing
- Germaine Greer - feminist and author of "The Female Eunuch"
- Colleen McCullough - author of "The Thornbirds"
- Patrick White - author and Nobel prizewinner
Art
- Sir Sidney Nolan - artist
- Robert Hughes - art critic for "Time" magazine
- William Dobell - artist
- Russell Drysdale - artist
Other Prominent People
- Rupert Murdoch - media proprietor.
- Paul Scully Power - astronaut with NASA
- Jim Wolfensohn - Australian who is prominent in U.S.
financial circles
- Patrick Oliphant - cartoonist with the Washington Post
- 10 -
LIMITED OFFICIAL USE
INCOMING
UNITED STATES
INFORMATION AGENCY
TELEGRAM
PAGE 01
044610 ICA764
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ACTION OFFICE EA-03
INFO TCOC-01 DSO-02 DIS-01 E-08 /015 A4 10
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FM AMEMBASSY CANBERRA
TO RUEHIA/USIA WASHDC IMMEDIATE 6714
Anstralia
INFO RUEHBN/AMCONSUL MELBOURNE 5619
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RUEHDN/AMCONSUL SYDNEY 9645
BT
LIMITED OFFICIAL USE CANBERRA 08237
USIA
USIA FOR EA DAVID HITCHCOCK
E.O. 12356 N/A
SUBJECT: AUSTRALIAN CENTRE FOR AMERICAN STUDIES
REF: USIA 5168
1. PLEASE NOTE THAT THE CORRECT NAME OF THE
INSTITUTION IN QUESTION IS THE "AUSTRALIAN CENTRE FOR
AMERICAN STUDIES.
2.
WE SUGGEST REVISING THE "STRENGTHENING OF
EDUCATIONAL AND SCHOLARLY EXCHANGES" LANGUAGE AS
FOLLOWS: "PERHAPS THE ANNOUNCEMENT OF A GRANT TO
SUPPORT THE AUSTRALIAN CENTRE FOR AMERICAN STUDIES --
A NATIONAL INSTITUTION BASED AT THE UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY
THAT WILL CONDUCT STUDY AND EXCHANGE PROGRAMS TO FOSTER
GREATER UNDERSTANDING OF THE SOCIETY, ECONOMY AND
FOREIGN POLICY OF THE UNITED STATES. PRIME MINISTER
HAWKE MADE A SIMILAR COMMITMENT TO THE EDWARD A. CLARK
CENTER FOR AUSTRALIAN STUDIES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS,
AUSTIN, IN 1989.
3. WE STRONGLY ENDORSE USING LANGUAGE IN THE
PRESIDENTIAL ANNOUNCEMENT THAT RECOGNIZES THE
CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE AUSTRALIAN FULBRIGHT
COMMISSION. HOWEVER, WE RECOMMEND AGAINST ANNOUNCING
THE GRANT AS A "FULBRIGHT-SUPPORTED ANNUAL AMERICAN
STUDIES LECTURE SERIES.' ON THE ONE HAND, BUSINESS
AND ACADEMIC LEADERS INVOLVED IN FOUNDING THE CENTER
HAVE TOLD US THAT THE PRESIDENT' S ANNOUNCEMENT WOULD
HAVE THE GREATEST IMPACT IF IT WERE NOT TIED. TO A
LECTURE SERIES. ON THE OTHER, WE DO NOT WISH TO
COMMIT THE FULBRIGHT COMMISSION TO SUPPORT A LECTURE
SERIES before THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS HAS GIVEN ITS
APPROVAL. (THE BOARD NEXT MEETS ONLY ONE week BEFORE
THE VISIT.) WE DOT NOT SEE A PROBLEM, HOWEVER, IN
ADMINISTRATIVELY CHANNELING THE GRANT THROUGH THE
COMMISSION. LUCHS
BT
#8237
LIMITED
Australia
THEMES AND TOPICS FOR PRESIDENT'S AUSTRALIA SPEECHES
(November 26, 1991)
There will be two opportunities for the President to make
major speeches while in Australia. The first will be in
Canberra on Thursday, January 2, when he addresses a joint
session of parliament. The general focus of this address
should be on the bilateral relationship, although global
regional themes should also be included. A second speaking
engagement will be on Friday, January 3, in Melbourne, where he
is invited to speak on regional/global themes at a luncheon for
business executives and others hosted by Victoria State Premier
Joan Kierner.
Parliament Address on U.S.-Australia Bilateral Relations
Themes to Include: Though largely focused on bilateral issues,
global themes should be included. The address should recognize
the close strategic relationship that has existed bilaterally,
the success of this relationship, and the need to maintain our
partnership in the face of post-Cold War era challenges.
Bilateral, regional and global economic issues should also be
touched upon. Finally, there should be reference to expanding
cooperation in other areas of particular relevance to younger
(post-WW II) Australians such as culture and education, the
environment, economics and narcotics.
Continuing Importance of the Alliance:
o
Our long-standing strategic alliance has served us well.
Next year we celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Battle
of the Coral Sea. It will be a special commemoration of
the close and special defense partnership that had origins
in the Second World War. (The President's personal
involvement in the Pacific theater during that war can lend
special significance to this testimonial.)
However, looking ahead over the next fifty years, the
post-Cold War Era presents new challenges for our
alliance. While East-West tensions have diminished, other
problems such as ethnic rivalries, nationalist aspirations
and territorial or political disputes -- suppressed during
the Cold War period -- are now arising.
THEMES
Page 2
In these endeavors, Australia has and continues to play an
important role:
--
Note contributions to the Gulf War, refugee assistance
and the ongoing naval interdiction effort in the
region. Express appreciation for Australian public
support during the Gulf War for the Coalition and its
policies.
--
Note Australia's active role in developing a framework
for the current peace process which is taking place in
Cambodia, as well as Australia's contribution to the
peace keeping force.
--
Note strong efforts on proliferation issues,
particularly regarding nuclear and chemical weapons
proliferation.
Our partnership on these and other issues has become
increasingly important, especially in the wake of the
tremendous changes that have occurred in the world over the
last two years.
Stress Cooperation on Multilateral Trade Issues:
The New Order that is being shaped encompasses not just the
political realm but the economic. Both our countries have
been at the forefront, pushing hard for free and open
markets in the world. We must avoid the creation of
trading blocs. And we must continue our joint efforts to
shape an international trading system which will foster
rather than obstruct free trade, particularly through a
successful conclusion of the GATT Uruguay Round.
--
Acknowledge Australia's leadership in establishing
APEC and in shaping its development as an important
international economic entity.
Note Australia's bipartisan efforts to press the EC to
end agricultural subsidies and for a successful
conclusion to the Uruguay Round.
Note that what we are pursuing in the NAFTA is not a
bloc. We intend to lower internal barriers, not
create external barriers. NAFTA will be GATT
consistent.
THEMES
Page 3
Reassure on U.S. Engagement in the Region:
o
Our reasons for remaining engaged and active in Asia and
the Pacific are obvious. The Asia-Pacific region is now
America's largest trading partner, with trans-Pacific
commerce totalling more than $300 billion in annual two-way
trade. This is nearly one-third larger than that across
the Atlantic.
We will remain committed to our allies and to fulfilling
our security obligations. The U.S. will remain engaged in
Asia and the Pacific.
Our bilateral and multilateral arrangements in this region
have worked well. These arrangements will continue to be
key to our mutual security in the decades ahead.
The regional partnerships which the U.S. enjoys with
Australia and other countries have provided the foundation
for economic and political stability in the region.
Future Relations Between Australia and the U.S.
o
We have points of differences, but overall our relations
are excellent. We share common histories and similar
values. And we see this relationship strengthening further
in the years ahead. Some trends to point to:
In culture and education:
--
Australian culture increasingly influences American
music, cinema and sports.
There is also a solid basis of bilateral academic
interchange, including the 40-year-old Fulbright
program in Australia and numerous private exchanges
involving younger Australians at the secondary level.
--
The U.S. 4-H organization, Future Farmers of America,
and Rotary are among the groups with active exchange
programs with Australian counterparts.
THEMES
Page 4
In bilateral economic relations:
--
The importance of bilateral trade: after Japan, the
U.S. is Australia's largest trade partner. Annual
bilateral trade exceeds US$ 13 billion.
--
U.S. firms have over US$ 15 billion invested in
Australia, the second highest in Asia after Japan,
much of it in leading edge technology in
telecommunications, aviation, and informatics, as well
as manufacturing, mining, agriculture, and energy.
--
Tourism remains very big business for both countries.
Nearly one-half million people travel each way each
year. United Airlines and Northwest both inaugurated
new routes to Australia in 1991.
-- We are broadening economic dialogue, this year
initiating bilateral consultations on agricultural
issues and continuing our consultations and joint
efforts in important international economic fora such
as APEC and the GATT.
In environmental and resource management:
:
Cooperation in conservation and environmental
protection is expanding; we have many shared interests
and similarities in resource endowments (i.e., coal,
oil, gas, hard rock minerals) and topography. There
are many recent examples of cooperation:
-- Our two governments have established a High Level
Group on Energy to exchange information on energy
policy, programs, demand; to review ongoing research
and development; and to engage in joint research
efforts.
--
US Interior Department (DOI) Minerals Management
Service has recently signed a bilateral MOU with
Australia's Department of Primary Industries and
Energy (DPIE) for sharing data on offshore minerals
development, including environmental protection
aspects.
THEMES
Page 5
--
DOI Bureau of Land Management has initiated a dialogue
with DPIE that is focused on the need to balance the
extraction of minerals, oil, gas, and timber with the
growing demands for recreation, and management of
cultural resources, and wildlife and fisheries
habitats. Plans include an exchange of technical
personnel between our countries.
-- USDOC/NOAA officials have recently met with their
Australian counterparts to discuss ways in which our
two nations can strengthen efforts regarding the
important environmental problems of driftnet fishing,
endangered species, and the monitoring/assessment of
the global warming threat.
--
In APEC, where Australia leads the Energy Working
Group, our two governments are cooperating closely to
establish a regional clean coal technology utilization
center.
--
The U.S. and Australia recently co-sponsored the
creation of an International Forestry Research
Institute to focus on issues related to the
conservation of tropical forests and the arrest of
deforestation and environmental degradation.
In fighting illicit narcotics:
--
Australia has done much to assist regional countries
in their counternarcotics efforts and is an active
member of the "Dublin Group" of donor nations that
coordinates counternarcotics aid to producer nations.
-- Our countries are united in the worldwide fight
against drug abuse and trafficking, which is becoming
a security threat of the 1990s.
THEMES
PAGE 6
Other issues:
There are some issues on which we do not meet eye-to-eye
but which should also be mentioned.
--
Encourage continued Australian support for an
ambitious Uruguay Round package including disciplines
on Trade Related Investment Measures (which Australia
continues to oppose) and services, where Australia has
been more forthcoming recently.
--
Australia remains on the Special 301 Priority Watch
list for local content requirements on television
broadcasting. This is barrier to cultural
interchange. We hope to see a phase-out, not a
phase-in, of local content requirements.
--
IPR: On parallel import of books, there have been
slight improvements in this area, but we urge the GOA
to adopt provisions that would completely exempt
foreign textbooks from parallel imports.
--
IPR: We also are concerned by the Australian
Attorney-General's rejection of a proposed amendment
to the copyright law to provide an exclusive rental
right for sound recordings. While Australia works for
stronger standards for IPR in the Round, its actions
at home are not consistent with this.
One particularly difficult issue is Australian continuing
concern over the impact on Australian farmers of the U.S.
Export Enhancement Program for agriculture. This issue
should be confronted sympathetically but directly:
-- Note the plight of American as well as Australian
farmers, our legitimate stake in world grain markets,
our intention to continue EEP as leverage on the EC,
and our hope that export subsidies will be sharply
reduced in the Uruguay Round.
THEMES
PAGE 7
Recognize and regret that EEP is a factor affecting
Australian farmers, but note other factors --
especially EC dumping, higher global production,
Australia's transport/port inefficiencies affecting
competitiveness, the drought, the high cost of
agricultural inputs, and the simultaneous collapse of
the wool market.
--
Stress that we take Australian interests into account
in implementing EEP, including setting up a bilateral
consultative mechanism that met in August for the
first time, and will continue.
Melbourne Luncheon Speech on Global/Regional Issues
Also
Smphane
business
Overall themes: Begin with the changes in Europe and move on
to the latest initiatives in the Middle East and Southeast
Asia. While addressing the changing political winds in the
world, the President should also assure continued U.S.
commitment to regional stability in Asia and the Pacific.
Finally, focus should be placed upon international economic
issues of mutual concern.
Recognize Australia's Growing International Role:
Express appreciation for the leadership role Australia has
assumed in the world.
-- Australia's contribution to the Gulf War
--
Active role in working toward a settlement in Cambodia
-- Leadership in forming APEC
--
Strong efforts on proliferation issues, particularly
regarding nuclear and chemical weapons
Our partnership has become increasingly important,
especially in the wake of the tremendous changes that have
occurred in the world over the last two years.
THEMES
PAGE 8
U.S. Regional Role to Remain Strong:
The regional partnership which the U.S. has enjoyed with
Australia and other countries has been the foundation for
economic and political stability in the region.
o
Despite the changes elsewhere in the world, the U.S. will
remain engaged, concerned and active in Asia and the
Pacific, both in strategic and economic terms.
Facing Challenges Ahead:
o
This is not to say that there are no challenges ahead:
--
The proliferation of chemical, nuclear and biological
weapons of mass destruction remains a problem;
Australia's role in achieving international safeguards
to reverse the proliferation trend has been critical
to this effort.
--
We share a common view that the formation of
protective trading blocs must be avoided, and support
for cooperative frameworks such as APEC must be
vigorously continued.
--
We should do all we can to open markets and foster
free trade in order to strengthen international
economic cooperation, confidence and recovery.
SEANZ 1668
POSSIBLE LANGUAGE FOR THE PRESIDENT'S AUSTRALIA SPEECHES
(NOVEMBER 26, 1991)
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS
-- This is only my second visit to Australia, but my
impressions of your vast and beautiful country will always be
very special ones.
-- (Insert complimentary remarks on Canberra, Sydney and
Melbourne -- depending on itinerary. Could also make reference
to Australia's size by noting that several states the size of
Texas would fit in Western Australia.)
THE ALLIANCE
-- It isn't just Australia's natural beauty that draws
Americans "down under." We share a long-standing friendship
established by the special alliance that has served our two
countries so well.
-- I was deeply moved by my visit to the Australian War
Memorial. It evoked memories of the sacrifices that both our
countries have made, often side by side.
-- Yanks and Aussies fought together in World War I, helping to
liberate France. The first U.S.-Australian military
cooperation took place when elements of the U.S. 33rd Division
joined Australian troops in the capture of Le Hamel, France.
-- And in World War II, our troops again fought side by side,
and half a million U.S. military men and women served in
Australia through that war.
-- Together, U.S. and Australian forces fought throughout the
Pacific, in tough land, sea, and air combat. Our alliance and
partnership has been solid ever since -- in Korea, Vietnam, and
most recently in the Persian Gulf.
RECOGNIZING AUSTRALIA'S INDEPENDENT INTERNATIONAL ROLE
-- While our close and important strategic relationship will
continue to be of great mutual benefit, Australia has matured
to become a positive force of its own in world affairs. We
welcome this; your views are valued and while we may not see
eye-to-eye on every issue, the direction of your policies are
complementary to our own. Let me cite some examples:
-- In the post-Cold War era, we are witnessing a reinvigorated
role for the United Nations. Much credit goes to Australia for
facilitating this.
2/2/2
-- Your initiative and persistance was key to shaping the
framework for the Cambodia peace settlement finally agreed to
by all warring factions last October. And Australia continues
to ensure that the process toward democracy and lasting peace
in Cambodia does not falter.
-- You were among the first to dispatch aid and technical
support under the United Nations Transitional Authority in
Cambodia (UNTAC), to which an Australian was appointed by the
UN Secretary General to command.
-- Australians also serve under the UN banner in the Western
Sahara and are a vital part of the Multinational Interdiction
Force, ensuring that UN sanctions against Iraq are enforced
under international law. In the Middle East, as in Cambodia,
you have been quick to provide humanitarian relief. Last May
your defence force provided medical teams and water
purification equipment and services to Kurds and Iraqis fleeing
Saddam's oppression.
-- But even long before the Gulf War, Australia had the
foresight to focus world attention on the problems which are
now emerging as key concerns for the world community. Thanks
to your efforts, the "Australia Group" was established in 1984,
and is currently comprised of 22 nations dedicated to
preventing the use and spread of chemical and biological
weapons throughout the world.
-- Australia also plays a lead role in international
economics. It was Prime Minister Hawke who pushed the idea of
a regional effort to promote freer trade by eliminating trade
barriers and establishing common policies. Through his vision
and efforts was born the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, a
key economic forum we know as APEC. And since its first
ministerial in Canberra two years ago, APEC has succeeded in
mobilizing the support of all fifteen participants to push for
substantive progress in this key GATT Uruguay Round.
-- Clearly, Australia has established itself as a strong
promoter of multilateral solutions to important international
problems, be they military, social, political or social in
nature. And in large measure, your goals are shared by the
United States.
ASSURING CONTINUED U.S. ENGAGEMENT IN THE REGION
-- Let me take this opportunity to assure you that we, too, are
committed to remaining engaged throughout the world. There are
some naysayers who wrongly predict that recent events in Europe
and Asia will lead to a more isolationist America. This could
not be farther from the truth.
3/3/3
America tried to politically isolate itself from the world
in the past, and we ended up fighting two bloody world wars.
We also tried economic isolation that only helped to set off a
devastating world depression.
-- Current trends point to our strengthened engagement in Asia
and the Pacific in the decades ahead. This region has become
our largest and fastest growing trade partner. Two-way trade
between the region and the U.S. now amounts to more than $300
billion, nearly one-third larger than that across the
Atlantic.
-- American firms have invested more than $61 billion in the
region, and that will certainly grow. On the other hand,
investors from the Asia-Pacific have invested more than $95
billion in the U.S.
-- Our bilateral trade relationship with Australia is strong
and growing. Total bilateral trade exceeds US$ 13 billion,
having grown over 20 percent in the last five years. After
Japan, the U.S. is Australia's most important trading partner,
taking 12 percent of her exports, and providing 23 percent of
her imports. At US$ 14 billion, Australia is the largest
recipient of total U.S. direct investment in the Asia-Pacific
region, again next to Japan.
-- In everything from automobiles to microchips, from baseball
to Australian rules football, we grow closer -- not isolated --
with each day.
-- Cooperation and dialogue on economic issues can only benefit
our respective economies. We must continue this openness in
our relationship, and indeed work for greater openess in our
trade relations, particularly as we both continue to face
economic difficulties on the domestic front.
REMARKS ON THE EXPORT ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM
-- But while we generally agree on the goals, we sometimes
differ on the means. Our use of the Export Enhancement Program
to counter the agricultural subsidies of the European Community
is one point of difference.
-- Let me be clear in stating that I don't favor subsidy
programs. They are a burden to the taxpayer. They weaken the
mechanism and reduce the benefits of a free trading system.
And subsidies take the competitive edge out of industry.
-- But let me be equally clear in pointing out that we did not
start the wheat war. Talks with the EC on this issue had
previously led nowhere. And it is our farmers in the U.S. and
Australia who have been badly hurt by continued EC subsidies of
wheat.
4/4/4
We must both remember that the root cause of depressed
international agricultural prices, which have been hurting both
our farm sectors, lies with the European Community.
-- We are now seeing glimmers of hope. And I believe it is
because we have countered EC subsidies with the EEP.
-- The U.S. will be unwavering in its efforts to counter EC
subsidies with our EEP. I believe it is in the long-term
interest of all non-subsidizing nations that this pressure on
the EC be maintained.
-- At the same time, I have promised to do my utmost to limit
the harm that our EEP does to non-subsidizers like Australia.
I have also agreed to greater bilateral dialogue on this and
other economic issues of bilateral concern. On both points, I
have kept my word and will continue to do so.
Any mature relationship, even between close allies, cannot
be without differences. We must continue to seek understanding
and work to iron out our differences.
THE NEXT FIFTY YEARS
The Environment
We can be proud as we look back over the accomplishments of
the last five decades. But we can and must do more to expand
our bilateral relationship in ways which will be beneficial to
future generations of Australians and Americans. A key area is
the environment.
-- We share common energy interests which are derived from our
large domestic energy resource bases. Together, we are the the
world's largest coal exporters. Ministerial meetings were held
here last year to discuss upgrading our cooperative research
and development efforts in the area of energy.
-- At the ensuing high level group meeting held in Washington
last April, Australia and the U.S. agreed on the importance of
pursuing energy policies that will help promote our energy
exports while addressing environmental issues.
-- Together, U.S. Energy Department officials are working with
their Australian counterparts to develop clean coal technology,
energy efficient technologies, and other programs of importance
to the environment.
5/5/5
-- Our governments also have agreed to share information on
offshore minerals development, which include environmental
protection aspects. And there is an increase in our sharing of
experiences in balancing the extraction of minerals, oil, gas,
and timber with the growing demands for recreation, better
management of cultural resources, and environmental
preservation.
-- Our scientists also are working alongside your scientists to
better understand the global climate system. The U.S. National
Oceanic Atmospheric Administration, NOAA, collaborates with
Flinders University of South Australia in tidal research. NOAA
and the University of Tasmania also have a cooperative
arrangement for climate and global change research.
-- We are collaborating on providing regional governments much
needed information and training in preserving endangered
forests. Toward this end, the Australian and U.S. Governments
are co-sponsoring an International Forestry Research Institute
to address conservation, deforestation, and environmental
degradation.
-- And in managing the delicate balance of our ocean fisheries,
Australia and the United States have shared concerns over
driftnet fisheries for albacore and other tuna in the South
Pacific. We have joined other nations in remedying this
serious conservation threat to tuna stocks in the Pacific.
Cultural and Educational Interchange
-- I began my remarks today noting that Australia is a country
graced with much natural beauty. But it is really the spirit
of your people which has made it a country so admired by
Americans and others throughout the world.
-- We see this in the arts, with the creative works of
Australians in all media, including painting, sculpture, dance
and, of course, film making. And we hear it in your music,
where Australian artists remain extremely popular in the United
States.
-- We must continue to facilitate this rich interchange between
our people. Let me give you one recent example. Our Consul
General in Perth last November invited American musical artist
Paul Simon, who was in Australia then on tour, to meet with a
number of West Australian Aboriginal musicians in his
residence. After the guests had arrived, it was the
Australians who made the first move, setting up their
6/6/6
traditional instruments on the coffee table. Soon, Mr. Simon
and his fellow American musicians were receiving didgeridoo
lessons. And by the end of the evening, he was sharing a few
of his own skills with the guitar, completing an evening of
musical fellowship.
-- In Sydney, at a more institutional level, we have recently
initiated a Fulbright-supported American studies lecture series
at the University of Sydney American Studies Center. The
lecture series is a program which developed from Prime Minister
Hawke's initiative to begin a similar program at the Edward A.
Clark Center for Australian Studies at the University of Texas,
Austin, in 1989.
-- While we may have our differences over the EEP program, our
young people look beyond the present. In preparing for this
trip I was very pleased to learn that our 4-H program and our
Future Farmers of America have active exchange programs with
young people in your farm communities.
Easing Travel Access
-- Nearly one-half million Australians visit the U.S. each
year, and an equal number of Americans come here.
-- To facilitate freer travel between our countries, which
should be of help to both our tourism industries, my government
has offered to extend the privilege of waiving the issuance of
visitor visas to Australian nationals if the Australian
government agrees to allow reciprocal treatment for U.S.
nationals. Our offer stands, and I hope we will be able to
provide this benefit to our respective publics in the near
future.
-- And to help Australian investors who seek to do business in
the U.S., we are prepared to extend "E" visa privileges to your
citizens provided U.S. nationals are accorded reciprocal
nonimmigrant treatment.
-- These examples are real indications of the cooperative
spirit that exists between our two nations as we seek to
strengthen our economic, cultural and educational ties. They
are positive signs of the shape which our bilateral
relationship will take over the next five decades.
-- Let us continue to work closely together to ensure that the
future of our relationship will be as productive a partnership
as it has been over the last fifty years.