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Hatfield Fundraiser 11/7/89 [OA 4421]
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Hatfield Fundraiser 11/7/89 [OA 4421]
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Mary Kate Grant Subject Files
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Hatfield Fundraiser, 11/7/89
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19
2
7
6
THE WHITE HOUSE
Office of the Press Secretary
(Bloomfield, New Jersey)
For Immediate Release
November 3, 1989
REMARKS BY THE PRESIDENT
AT NEW JERSEY GOP RALLY
Bloomfield Town Hall
Bloomfield, New Jersey
4:58 P.M. EST
THE PRESIDENT: (In progress) -- to be with my friend,
Congressman Jim Courter. I have the good feeling -- you're looking
at a guy who doesn't believe in these polls. Why? Because it wasn't
so many months ago I was miles behind, and now I am the President of
the United States of America. (Applause.)
And to the Speaker Chuck Hardwick; and to our Mayor, my
friend, John Crecco; and our new Republican Chairman Kathleen
Donovan; and our many distinguished members of the Assembly; and
candidate -- a team of winners. And don't let me overlook the fine
members of the New Jersey congressional delegation standing down here
-- strong friends of Jim; strong supporters of this President. I'm
delighted to see them all here. Chris Smith, Marge Roukema, Matt
back. Rinaldo, Dean Gallo, Jim Saxton. And thank you for this welcome
We've got some other winners here today. The great, the
famous Bloomfield Bengals, who I understand are all -- (applause.)
John and I were talking about the last time I spoke in
Bloomfield was during last year's campaign. It was a great visit
because the 1980s have been good to this town. The economy is
strong. People are at work. And, of course, this says a lot about
the citizens of Bloomfield. But it also says a lot about New Jersey
and about the United States of America. Today more people and a
higher percentage of our work force are at work than at any time in
our history -- 119.3 million Americans. (Applause.)
And today our peacetime record economic growth has
created over 20 million new jobs, 233 more in October alone. And our
challenge then is to keep creating the economic growth that produces
jobs in America, especially in the state of New Jersey.
And for the last eight years, we've had a top-notch team
leading this great state. Together, Tom Kean and a Republican State
Assembly, led by Speaker Chuck Hardwick, here, have made New Jersey
great again.
And look at what has been accomplished. Today New
Jersey's business climate ranks eighth in the country. The
unemployment rate has dropped. And six tax cuts have been signed
into law, including the largest income tax cut in the history of the
state of New Jersey. That is good government. (Applause.)
And there has been a tremendous progress in education,
with tougher standards for students and higher teacher salaries. And
New Jersey has become one of the nation's leaders in environmental
protection, with an ambitious toxic waste program -- clean it up --
record numbers of acres of wetlands, open space set aside for
preservation. As I look to a state to help define a new policy for
the United States of America, I look to New Jersey and Governor Tom
Kean and the others responsible for this. (Applause.)
And so, together, Governor Kean and the State Assembly
MORE
- 2 -
have made breakthroughs in welfare reform, put an end to
over-taxation, over-regulation. So under Republican leadership there
is a new feeling of pride here in New Jersey.
And I don't blame you. You've got a lot to be proud of.
And (Applause.) that's what this campaign, the Courter campaign is all about.
Too much is at stake New Jersey's future is at stake
-- for us to let the Democrats take over the governor's chair. And
too much is at stake for us to let the Democrats take back the
statehouse. Too much is at stake to let the Democrats take us back
to (Applause.) that old New Jersey of the 1970s. We cannot let that happen.
If the voters of New Jersey want to gamble, they go to
Atlantic City. But they know better than to risk their economy on
the Democrats' big spending and high-taxing policies. Remember those
old days? High unemployment, business and jobs leaving the state.
Our kids were failing in schools because our schools were failing our
kids. Pollutions threatened our air and our water and our parks and
our beaches. And we cannot go back. We must not go back. And we
have got to keep New Jersey proud and we have got to keep New Jersey
Republican. (Applause.)
A word about our Assembly and a word about our great
candidate for governor. In our State Assembly, New Jersey
Republicans are our main defense against the Democrats' tax and spend
policies. Our team is fighting to protect your wallet from the tax
hikes the Democrat leadership has already threatened if they win
control of the Assembly.
Bloomfield's own Marion Crecco, and her running mate,
Assemblyman John Kelly -- the Kelly-Crecco team will fight the
Democratic tax plan. (Applause.)
And so will the Roma-Schuber team from Bergen County.
(Applause.) And the Hardwick-Frigerio team from Union County.
(Applause.) As well as the DiGaetano-Kogut team from Passaic and
Wallington.
(Applause.)
We've got a great group here. But having the best
policies is no guarantee of winning elections. It's no coincidence
that our party's slipped to minority status in Congress as we became
a minority in the state legislatures across the country. Today,
Democrats have a redistricting advantage in states that compose about
90 percent of the seats in Congress. And fortunately, New Jersey
isn't one of those states -- yet. But every voter must have a say in
the election process. And we must fight gerrymandering and
disenfranchisement. And we have simply got to keep New Jersey
Republican. (Applause.)
I want to build a better America. And you can help me --
by building upon what Governor Kean began eight years ago. And you
can help me by returning that Republican majority to the state
legislature and by keeping a Republican in the Governor's Mansion.
We need you and America needs you.
And on December 7th, we need you to vote because there is
too much at stake. Your low taxes, your clean environment and the
safety of your streets.
And in conclusion, with me on this stage is the man who
will bring New Jersey into the next decade -- a decade of continued
progress in protecting our environment; improving education; fighting
crime -- your next governor, Jim Courter. (Applause.)
Jim knows firsthand -- and I've seen him in action in the
United States Congress -- he knows firsthand what it is to be tough
on crimes and drugs. And as a county prosecutor, he personally tried
120 drug cases. In Congress, he has been a strong leader in the
battle for tougher penalties on drug users and drug pushers,
MORE
- 3 -
including the death penalty for the drug kingpins. (Applause.)
And his opponent voted no --- his opponent voted no to
tough mandatory sentences for drug dealers. And he's against
strengthening the death penalty law on New Jersey's books so that it
can be enforced. It is about time that the other side learns that
voters can be hard on politicians who are soft on crime. I want a
governor who is going to back up the local men and women in our
police forces who lay their lives out for us every single day of the
year. (Applause.)
Jim Courter knows what's good for New Jersey's future.
He's voted consistently to cut taxes, hold the line on spending, and
he's promised no new taxes -- and he means it. And so -- he's not
going to stop there. He knows we need a bold new system to get those
insurance prices down. You've heard him on that. What he's talking
about is working in Michigan. It's working in Illinois. And he'll
make (Applause.) sure that it works right here in the state of New Jersey.
Tom Kean -- God bless him -- has led this state -- and I
will say, our country -- to greatness in the 1980's. And Jim Courter
will lead New Jersey into the 1990's to the same greatness. He knows
what's at stake. And with your help, Jim Courter, like Tom Kean in
1980, will come from behind, and on November 7th, become the next
great governor of the state of New Jersey. (Applause.)
You know, John Crecco were talking about this -- this is
the 177th anniversary of the town of Bloomfield. And a few minutes
from now I'm going to participate in a tree-planting ceremony to mark
the occasion. Six months ago I planted a tree out there to mark
North Dakota's centennial. It turned out to have some kind of
disease. (Laughter.) So in the interest of public safety, here in
Bloomfield (Laughter.) they specifically asked me not to dedicate a building.
But nevertheless, 61 years ago, the Town Hall behind me
was dedicated by the then mayor of Bloomfield. The mayor said that
day, "May the people fight for the ideals and sacred things of the
town and strike unceasingly to quicken the public sense of civic duty
beautiful. in all these ways to render our town greater, better and more
Well, I think the citizens of Bloomfield have fulfilled
that Republican mayor's dream for this town. And I know they and
hundreds of thousands like them, from the sands of Cape May to the
highlands of Sussex County, can make another dream for New Jersey
come true -- to continue the enlightened, progressive leadership of
the last eight years in the statehouse.
The choice is clear. Return to the failed Democratic
policies of the '70s or keep New Jersey a proud national leader in
environmental protection and education reform and the war on crime.
There Republican. is too much at stake. New Jersey must remain proud. Keep it
Thank you for this fantastic turnout. (Applause.) God
bless you. And please vote for Jim Courter on Tuesday. Thank you
very much. (Applause.)
END
5:19 P.M. EST
mk
HATFIELD FUNDRAISER / RONALD REAGAN REPUBLICAN CENTER
TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 7, 1989 / 6:15 P.M.
SENATOR HATFIELD, TONI AND YOUR GREAT FAMILY
THERESA AND MARK. SECRETARY WATKINS, SENATOR PACKWOOD,
CONGRESSMEN LES AUCOIN [AUH-coin], DENNY SMITH, BoB
SMITH, PETE DIFAZIO. AND DISTINGUISHED SENATORS AND
CONGRESSMEN. THANK YOU FOR THAT KIND INTRODUCTION, AND
LET ME SAY WHAT A DELIGHT IT IS To BE WITH YOU TO HONOR
MY GOOD FRIEND AND COLLEAGUE FROM THE GREAT STATE OF
OREGON, SENATOR MARK HATFIELD.
- 2 -
((You KNOW, I'D LIKE TO GO OUT TO OREGON WITH MARK
ONE OF THESE DAYS TO GO FISHING, BUT RIGHT NOW I DON'T
HAVE THREE WEEKS TO SPARE.))
I JUST CAME BY TONIGHT To LET MARK KNOW HOW EXCITED
WE ARE THAT HE'LL BE JOINING US FOR A FIFTH TERM IN THE
SENATE. I DON'T HAVE TO THANK HIM FOR HIS DECISION TO
RUN; WITH MARK YOU CONGRATULATE HIM ON HIS DECISION TO
WIN.
- 3 -
THAT'S BECAUSE MARK HATFIELD HAS NEVER LOST AN
ELECTION. A FORMER GOVERNOR, HE NOW SERVES AS SENIOR
SENATOR FROM THE STATE AND SECOND RANKING REPUBLICAN IN
THE U.S. SENATE. AND HIS FIFTH TERM MARKS HIS 40TH
YEAR IN ELECTED OFFICE. THE PEOPLE OF OREGON KNOW A
GOOD THING WHEN THEY SEE IT.
THEY SEE THAT THEY'VE GOT A POWERFUL VOICE IN
WASHINGTON, PART OF A SOLID REPUBLICAN TEAM FOR OREGON.
- 4 -
THEY SEE A WISE LEADER WHO HAS BEEN ABLE To BROADEN THE
STATE'S ECONOMIC BASE WHILE PRESERVING ITS BEAUTIFUL
NATURAL RESOURCES.
BUT LET ME TELL YOU WHAT I SEE -- AND WHAT I'VE
SEEN SINCE MARK HATFIELD AND I ARRIVED THE SAME DAY TO
SERVE TOGETHER BACK IN THE 90TH CONGRESS -- A DECENT,
HONEST MAN OF HIS WORD. THAT'S THE MARK HATFIELD I
KNOW, AND THE ONE I'M PROUD To HAVE IN THE SENATE
WORKING WITH US.
- 5 -
WE'RE HERE TONIGHT IN THE NEW RONALD REAGAN
REPUBLICAN CENTER -- AND I HEAR PRESIDENT REAGAN
HIMSELF WILL BE HERE TO DEDICATE IT. You KNOW, I
REMEMBER THAT GREAT DAY WHEN THE VOTERS OF AMERICA
SWEPT PRESIDENT REAGAN AND A REPUBLICAN SENATE MAJORITY
INTO POWER.
THAT ELECTION BEGAN SENATOR HATFIELD'S CHAIRMANSHIP
OF THE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE -- THE SECOND LONGEST
TENURE OF THAT CHAIRMANSHIP IN U.S. HISTORY.
- 6 -
CONTROL OF THE SENATE IS NO LONGER IN OUR HANDS, YET
MARK HATFIELD REMAINS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT AND
INFLUENTIAL BUDGET POLICYMAKERS IN THE SENATE. I KNOW
WE CAN COUNT ON HIM To STAND FAST AGAINST THE TIDE OF
DEFICIT SPENDING. AND WE CAN COUNT ON HIM TO REMAIN
"THE CONSCIENCE OF THE SENATE." AND BOY, ARE WE GLAD
HE'S RUNNING AGAIN.
- 7 -
(WELL, TODAY IS NOVEMBER 7, ELECTION DAY. You MAY
HAVE HEARD THAT LAST WEEK I ASKED VOTERS TO VOTE ON
ELECTION DAY, DECEMBER 7. I DID THAT ON PURPOSE. I
WAS JUST TRYING TO GIVE THE DEMOCRATS A LITTLE MORE
TIME TO CATCH UP WITH OUR REPUBLICAN CANDIDATES.)
((You KNOW, WHEN FRANKLIN ROOSEVELT SAID DECEMBER
7TH WAS A DATE THAT WOULD LIVE ON IN INFAMY, HE WASN'T
KIDDING.))
- 8 -
It's BEEN A PLEASURE TO BE HERE TONIGHT, To JOIN
WITH YOU IN HONORING MARK HATFIELD -- A GOOD FRIEND, AN
HONEST MAN, AND GREAT SENATOR.
THANK YOU, GOD BLESS
YOU, AND GOD BLESS AMERICA.
###
STEVENS FUNDRAISER / MADISON HOTEL
OCTOBER 18, 1989/ 6:45 P.M.
SENATOR AND MRS. STEVENS, SENATOR FRANK MURKOWSKI,
CONGRESSMAN DON YOUNG -- "MOOSE" -- LADIES AND
GENTLEMEN, FRIENDS.
THANK YOU FOR THAT KIND INTRODUCTION. AND LET ME
SAY WHAT A DELIGHT IT IS TO BE WITH YOU TO CELEBRATE
THE ANNIVERSARY OF ALASKA DAY AND HONOR MY GOOD FRIEND
AND COLLEAGUE, SENATOR TED STEVENS. //
- 2 -
((FIRST, I WANT TO MAKE A CONFESSION. I'M A LITTLE
DISAPPONTED THAT THIS ISN'T A ROAST FOR TED STEVENS.
I'VE ALWAYS ENJOYED BAKED ALASKA.)) //
EVEN so, OF COURSE, I'M PLEASED TO BE HERE. FOR
I'VE KNOWN TED FOR A LOT OF YEARS AS MANY OF YOU HAVE.
I KNOW HIM TO BE A MAN OF VISION, AND OF DREAMS. LIKE
ALASKA.
3 -
((IN FACT, TED OFTEN KIDS ME ABOUT THE FACT THAT
HIS STATE IS MORE THAN TWICE THE SIZE OF TEXAS. AND so
I SAID TO HIM, "MAYBE so, BUT JUNEAU DOESN'T HAVE A
PROFESSIONAL FOOTBALL TEAM." You KNOW WHAT TED'S REPLY
WAS? "NEITHER DOES DALLAS.")) //
TED'S ABOUT AS SUBTLE AS ALASKA'S MOSQUITOS. IT'S
ONE REASON ALASKA LOVES HIM. AND WHY WHEN TED AND I
ENTERED CONGRESS, I KNEW EVEN THEN HE WOULD BE A VITAL
NATIONAL LEADER.
- 4 -
As SOME OF YOU KNOW, TED WAS A FLYING TIGERS PILOT
DURING WORLD WAR II. // AFTER THE WAR, TED WENT ON TO
UCLA. AND THEN TO HARVARD LAW SCHOOL. // ((WELL,
TED, NOBODY'S PERFECT.)) // AND THEN HE HEADED UP TO
ALASKA IN THE EARLY 50s WHEN HE FOUND OUT THERE WERE
VERY FEW LAWYERS UP THERE. // HE FIGURED, WHY SHOULD
ALASKA BE ANY LUCKIER THAN THE OTHER 48 STATES? //
- 5 -
WELL, FROM THERE YOU KNOW THE STORY. TED HAS BEEN
ONE OF THE MOST PIVOTAL CONGRESSIONAL LEADERS OF THE
1970s AND '80s -- SERVING LONGER THAN ANY ALASKAN IN
THE U.S. SENATE.
WE SAW TED SERVE EIGHT YEARS AS REPUBLICAN WHIP AND
NOW SERVE ON FIVE FULL COMMITTEES -- BECOMING THE THIRD
MOST SENIOR REPUBLICAN IN THE ENTIRE SENATE. AND A
RIGHT ARM OF THIS PRESIDENT.
- 6 -
I HAVE RELIED ON TED BECAUSE I TRUST HIM. HE'S AN
HONEST MAN. A GREAT FAMILY MAN. ((AND BECAUSE I
EMPATHIZE WITH HIM. AFTER ALL, WE'RE BOTH GREAT
FISHERMEN. // WOULD YOU BELIEVE WE'RE BOTH AVID
FISHERMEN? // I HAVE TO GIVE TED CREDIT FOR
INGENUITY. WHEN I WAS HAVING SUCH A TOUGH TIME LANDING
A FISH ON MY VACATION, HE CAME UP WITH THE SUGGESTION
THAT I TRY THROWING HORSESHOES AT THEM.))
- 7 -
AND, I'VE DEPENDED ON TED BECAUSE OF WHAT HE'S
MEANT TO ALASKA -- AND To ITS DELEGATION. Two
SENATORS. ONE REPRESENTATIVE. ALL REPUBLICAN. A
UNIFIED TEAM FOR A UNIFIED ALASKA. PROTECTING THE
GREAT OUTDOORS. SPURRING ENERGY EXPLORATION. SHOWING
HOW A SOUND ECONOMY AND A SOUND ECOLOGY CAN GO HAND-IN-
HAND.
- 8 -
You KNOW, THE NOTED AUTHOR, BRUCE ROGERS, ONCE
OBSERVED, "ONE CANNOT WRITE OF ALASKA WITHOUT TELLING
OF ITS POLITICS." BY SUPPORTING TED STEVENS, WE CAN
INSPIRE STILL MORE CHAPTERS -- EACH BIGGER AND BRIGHTER
THAN THE ONE BEFORE -- IN THE UNFINISHED STORY THAT IS
THE GLORY OF ALASKA.
- 9 -
So LET'S ROLL UP OUR SLEEVES. As THE OLD ALASKA
GOLDMINERS DID. AND RAISE UP OUR SIGHTS. As
TRAILBLAZERS HAVE FROM ANCHORAGE TO DUTCH HARBOR. AND
HELP KEEP TED STEVENS THE SENIOR SENATOR FROM THE GREAT
STATE OF ALASKA.
THANK YOU FOR INVITING ME. GOD BLESS YOU, GOD
BLESS AMERICA.
# # # #
4X(Smith/Blessey)
Hatfield
Draft Three
October 13, 1989
TED
PRESIDENTIAL REMARKS: STEVENS FUNDRAISER
WASHINGTON, D.C.
WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 18, 1989
Senator and Mrs. Stevens, Frank Murkowski, Congressman Don
Young -- "Moose" -- Ladies and Gentlemen, Friends.
Thank you for that kind introduction. And let me say what a
delight it is to be with you to celebrate the anniversary of
Alaska Day and honor my good friend and colleague, Senator Ted
Stevens. //
((First, I want to make a confession. I'm a little
disapponted that this isn't a roast for Ted Stevens. I've always
enjoyed Baked Alaska. )) //
Even so, of course, I'm pleased to be here. For I've known
Ted for a lot of years. As many of you have. I know him to be a
man of vision, and of dreams. Like Alaska.
( (In fact, Ted often kids me about the fact that his State
is more than twice the size of Texas. And so I said to him,
"Maybe so, but Juneau doesn't have a professional football team."
You know what Ted's reply was? "Neither does Dallas. ")) //
Ted's about as subtle as Alaska's mosquitos. It's one
reason Alaska loves him. And why when Ted and I entered
Congress, I knew even then he would be a vital national leader.
As some of you know, Ted was a Flying Tigers pilot during
World War II. // After the war, Ted went on to UCLA. And then
2
to Harvard Law School. // (Well, Ted, nobody's perfect. )) //
And then he headed up to Alaska in the early 50s when he found
out there were very few lawyers up there. // He figured, why
should Alaska be any luckier than the other 48 States? //
Well, from there you know the story. Ted has been one of
the most pivotal Congressional leaders of the 1970s and '80s --
serving longer than any Alaskan in the U.S. Senate.
We saw Ted serve eight years as Republican whip and now
serve on five full committees -- becoming the third most senior
Republican in the entire Senate. And a right arm of this
President.
I have relied on Ted because I trust him. He's an honest
man. A great family man. ((And because I empathize with him.
After all, we're both great fishermen. // Would you believe
we're both avid fishermen? // I have to give Ted credit for
ingenuity. When I was having such a tough time landing a fish on
my vacation, he came up with the suggestion that I try throwing
horseshoes at them.) )
And, I've depended on Ted because of what he's meant to
Alaska -- and to its delegation. Two Senators. One
Representative. All Republican. A unified team for a unified
Alaska. Protecting the great outdoors. Spurring energy
exploration. Showing how a sound economy and a sound ecology can
go hand-in-hand.
You know, the noted author, Bruce Rogers, once observed,
"One cannot write of Alaska without telling of its politics." By
3
supporting Ted Stevens, we can inspire still more chapters --
each bigger and brighter than the one before -- in the unfinished
story that is the glory of Alaska.
So let's roll up our sleeves. As the old Alaska goldminers
did. And raise up our sights. As trailblazers have from
Anchorage to Dutch Harbor. And help keep Ted Stevens the Senior
Senator from the Great State of Alaska.
Thank you for inviting me. God bless you, God bless
America.
# # # #
October 27, 1989
MEMORANDUM TO MARY KATE GRANT
FROM:
PEGGY DOOLEY
SUBJECT: MARK HATFIELD FUNDRAISER
I. EVENT
Tuesday, November 7, 6:15 p.m.
Ronald Reagan Republican Center; building where NRSC
is; this is the first time the President will be at the
Center. Former President Reagan and Mrs. Reagan will
dedicate the building November 14.
About 200 people expected. PAC types, Washington crowd
with Oregon tilt. They're not aiming at their big Oregon
donators for this.
Party at Vice President's house that afternoon is a
Senatorial Trust event -- some people from the Trust may be
there, not sure.
II. BACKGROUND
Bush and Hatfield arrived to serve in Congress at the
same time: Bush to serve in the House, Hatfield in the
Senate. They are members of the 90th Club (90th Congress --
meets once a year).
Respect for the individual = main thrust of Hatfield's
politics. Plays major behind-the-scenes role. Treats
people fairly, man of his word.
40?
Running for his fifth term in the Senate. 39th year in
[
political office. He was the first Oregon governor in the
20th century elected to two terms. Has never lost an
election.
Was Chairman of the Appropriations Committee when
Republicans held the majority. Is now the 2nd ranking
Republican in the Senate, behind Strom Thurmond.
About a month ago, the President and Mrs. Bush had
dinner at the Hatfields, with Senator and Mrs. McClure.
# # #
ATIVES
6th/GLENN ENGLISH
BOB PACKWOOD
Dem. of Cordell; born Nov.
Rep. of Portland; junior Sen-
30, 1940 in Cordell; graduated
born
ator; born Sept. 11, 1932 in
Nov.
17,
Southwestern State College,
Portland; LLB New York
Iowa;
BA
Okla., 1964; petroleum land-
Univ. School of Law, 1957; at-
former pres.,
man; worked with oil and gas
nsurance
torney; member, State legis-
Co.;
leasing; first elected to Con-
House
lature 1963-68; elected to the
1967-69,
gress in 1974--8th term.
U.S. Senate in 1968, present
mayor
of
Tulsa
term ends in 1993.
lected
to
Con-
term.
DISTRICTS/REPRESENTATIVES
OREGON
born
Oct.
1st/LES AuCOIN
LLB Univ.
3
Dem. of Forest Grove; born
rancher; real
1988 Presidential
admitted
Popular Vote
5
Oct. 21, 1942 in Redmond; BA
Pacific Univ., 1969; journalist;
in 1976, prac-
first elected
Bush: 517,731
director of public information,
2
78--6th
term.
Dukakis: 575,071
Pacific Univ. 1966-73; mem-
ber, State House 1971-75; first
elected to Congress in 1974
--8th term.
Number of
House Seats:
3 Democrats 2 Republicans
2nd/BOB SMITH
Dec.
15,
Ark.;
MS
Rep. of Burns; born June 16,
Okla.
GOVERNOR
1931 in Portland; BA Wil-
home
lamette Univ., 1953; member,
and
re-
NEIL GOLDSCHMIDT
State House 1960-72, majority
State Senate
leader 1964-68, speaker
Dem. of Portland; born June
to
Con-
1968-72; member, State Senate
16, 1940 in Eugene; JD Univ.
term.
of Calif. at Berkeley; attorney;
1972-82, Rep. leader 1978-82;
rancher; first elected to Con-
city commissioner, Portland
gress in 1982--4th term.
1971-73; mayor of Portland
1973-79; U.S. Secretary of
born
March
Transportation 1979-81; v.p.,
3rd/RON WYDEN
Texas;
international marketing, Nike
Inc. 1981-85; elected governor
Dem. of Portland; born May
1975;
prac-
77-80;
in 1986, term ends in 1991.
3, 1949 in Wichita, Kans.; JD
asst.
Univ. of Ore. School of Law,
75-77;
first
1974; director, Ore. Legal Ser-
in
1980
SENATORS
vices for the Elderly 1977-79;
instructor, Portland State
MARK O. HATFIELD
Univ. 1979-80; first elected to
Rep. of Portland; senior Sen-
Congress in 1980--5th term.
ator; born July 12, 1922 in
Dallas, Ore.; AM Stanford
City;
born
Univ., 1948; assoc. professor,
4th/PETER DeFAZIO
Cleveland,
political science, dean of stu-
City
Univ.
dents, Willamette Univ.
Dem. of Springfield; born
newspaper
1948-57; member, State legis-
May 27, 1947 in Needham,
lature 1950-56; governor
Mass.; MA Univ. of Ore.,
rela-
1958-66; elected to the U.S.
1977; aide to U.S. Rep. Jim
con-
elected
Senate in 1966, present term ends in 1991.
Weaver 1977-82; Lane Cty.
to
commissioner 1982-86; first
term.
elected to Congress in 1986
--2nd term.
177
OREGON
989
of going for Jimmy Carter in
ndale a better-than-average vote,
GOVERNOR
who provided such a large part
and Washington could be trending
Gov. Neil Goldschmidt (D)
Elected 1986, term expires Jan. 1991; b. June 16, 1940, Eugene;
at least in early 1987, of their
home, Portland; U. of OR, B.A., 1963, U. of CA at Berkeley, J.D.
1967; Jewish; married (Margie).
bably over. This late May contest
lidate in 1948, when he lost 52%
Career: Legal Aide, Portland City Commission, 1971-73; Prac-
ticing atty., 1967-70; Mayor of Portland, 1973-73; U.S. Secy. of
defeat in 1968. Oregon in those
Transportation, 1979-81; Vice Pres., Nike, Inc., 1981-85.
the California primary; at a time
untry they, like National Football
Office: State Capitol, Rm. 254, Salem 97310, 503-378-3111.
gether, to minimize travel time. By
Election Results
have too few delegates at stake to
1986 gen.
Neil Goldschmidt (D)
549,456
(52%)
incidentally, though far more
Norma Paulus (R)
506,989
(48%)
his lowest percentages in western
1986 prim.
Neil Goldschmidt (D)
214,148
(68%)
Edward N. Fadeley (D)
81,300
(26%)
district in 1982; it was one of two
1982 gen.
Victor G. Atiyeh (R)
639,841
(61%)
a certain volatility: the distance
Ted Kulongoski (D)
374,316
(36%)
ctive congressman to keep winning
within two hours of Washington
SENATORS
2.5% 1980-86 and 25.9% 1970-80;
th 4+ yrs. col.; 10.7% below poverty
Sen. Mark O. Hatfield (R)
% Norwegian, 1% Swedish, French,
Elected 1966, seat up 1990; b. July 12, 1922, Dallas; home, Tigard;
with children, 60% married couples;
Willamette U., B.A. 1943, Stanford U., M.A. 1948; Baptist;
house value: $59,000. Voting age pop.
married (Antoinette).
1% American Indian. Registered
Career: Navy, WWII; Assoc. Prof. of Pol. Sci., Dean of Students,
86,913 unaffiliated and minor parties
Willamette U., 1949-57; OR House of Reps., 1951-55; OR Senate,
1955-57; Secy. of State of OR, 1957-59; Gov. of OR, 1959-67.
S. total, 31st largest.
Offices: 711 HSOB 20510, 202-224-3753. Also 475 Cottage St.
N.E., Salem 97301, 503-363-1629; and 114 Pioneer Courthouse,
555 S.W. Yamhill, Portland 97204, 503-221-3380.
efense
Defense
(1.12%)
$689m
(0.30%)
Committees: Appropriations (Ranking Member of 13 R). Sub-
(1.19%)
1m
(0.90%)
committees: Commerce, Justice, State, and Judiciary; Energy and
(1.28%)
165m
(0.27%)
Water Development (Ranking Member); Foreign Operations; La-
(1.20%)
183m
(1.03%)
bor, Health and Human Services, Education and Related Agencies;
(0.45%)
340m
(0.23%)
Legislative Branch. Energy and Natural Resources (2d of 9 R).
(0.77%)
0m
(0%)
Subcommittees: Public Lands, National Parks and Forests; Water
and Power. Rules and Administration (2d of 7 R). Joint Committee on the Library. Joint Committee on
te, Barbara Roberts (D); Atty. Gen.,
ate, 30 (17 D and 30 R); State House
Printing.
(R) and Robert W. Packwood (R).
Group Ratings
ential Vote
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTU
NSI
COC
CEI
75
75
50
47
26
30
50
10
39
47
1986
571,044 (48%)
1985
45
50
67
18
57
-
70
-
-
-
456,890 (39%)
112,389 (10%)
National Journal Ratings
lican Presidential Primary
1986 LIB - 1986 CONS
1985 LIB - 1985 CONS
238,594(100%)
Economic
40%
55%
45%
—
54%
-
Social
50%
-
48%
43%
-
55%
Foreign
75%
0%
86%
—
12%
-
990
OREGON
Key Votes
Election Results
1) Ease Gun Cont
-
5) Grm-Rdmn Def Red
AGN
9) Rehnquist Nom
FOR
1986 general
2) Immig Reform
FOR
6) Contra Aid
AGN
10) Tax Reform
FOR
3) Lmt Text Imp
AGN
7) SDI Funding
AGN
11) Drug Death Pen
FOR
1986 primary
4) Aid Tobac Ind
AGN
8) Lmt PAC Contrib
FOR
12) S Africa Sanc
FOR
Election Results
1980 general
1984 general
Mark O. Hatfield (R)
808,152
(67%)
($671,167)
Margie Hendriksen (D)
406,122
(33%)
($257,512)
Campaign Conta
1984 primary
Mark O. Hatfield (R)
214,114
(79%)
1985-86
John T. Scheiss (R)
26,848
(10%)
Sherry Reynolds (R)
18,590
Receipts
$6,1
(7%)
Ralph H. Preston (R)
12,662
Expend.
$6,
(5%)
1978 general
Mark O. Hatfield (R)
Unspent
$
550,165
(62%)
($223,874)
Vernon Cook (D)
341,616
(38%)
($38,976)
Campaign Contributions and Expenditures
FIRST DIS
1979-84
Direct Cont. 1979-84
PACS Breakdown 1979-84
Receipts
$860,361
Indiv.
$400,173
Corp.
$185,476
T/M/H
$102,831
In the northwall
Expend.
$671,167
Party
$23,235
Labor
$39,018
Agr.
$1,300
fur traders were
Unspent
$243,511
PACS
$376,194
Ideo.
$50,874
CWOS
$2,000
the coastal com
ambience to in
jackets work in
Sen. Robert W. (Bob) Packwood (R)
were villages in
Elected 1968, seat up 1992; b. Sept. 11, 1932, Portland; home,
of them into de
Aloha; Willamette U., B.S. 1954, N.Y.U., LL.B. 1957; Unitarian:
Oregon. The
married (Georgie).
been farmland
Career: Law clerk, OR Supreme Crt., 1957-58; Practicing atty.,
But in recent -
1958-68; OR House of Reps., 1963-69.
area, people 10,
Offices: 259 RSOB 20510, 202-224-5244. Also 101 S.W. Main
atmosphere in
St., Ste. 240, Portland 97204-3210, 503-294-3448.
That is the -
Committees: Commerce, Science, and Transportation (2d of 9
1892. But the
R). Subcommittees: Communications (Ranking Member); Foreign
Portland metro
Commerce and Tourism; Surface Transportation. Finance (Rank-
district included
ing Member of 9 R). Subcommittees: Health; International Trade.
is the smaller
Joint Committee on Taxation.
district include
overlooking its
Nearly hall
Group Ratings
separated from
filling up with
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTU
NSI
COC
CEI
affluent, but and
1986
60
69
44
47
81
37
54
63
58
59
managers rath
1985
35
-
44
47
-
40
51
-
66
-
attracted by and
National Journal Ratings
with all the
1986 LIB - 1986 CONS
1985 LIB- 1985 CONS
that Washing
Economic
40%
-
55%
32%
-
65%
The congress
Social
67%
-
32%
64%
-
32%
of the leaders
Foreign
67%
-
30%
56%
I
43%
His approach
Key Votes
District is diff
5) Grm-Rdmn Def Red
FOR
win elections
1) Ease Gun Cont
FOR
FOR
9) Rehnquist Nom
2) Immig Reform
FOR
6) Contra Aid
AGN
10) Tax Reform
FOR
also in legislar
3) Lmt Text Imp
AGN
7) SDI Funding
AGN
11) Drug Death Pen
AGN
House Majo
4) Aid Tobac Ind
FOR
8) Lmt PAC Contrib
FOR
12) S Africa Sanc
FOR
Washington
matters like
THE
OKLAHOMA
"Tulsa, Oklahoma
would have been a real town
OREGON
electric power. The rivers al
even if its people weren't greasy rich with oil, for it is
scenic networks of the Am
founded on the spirit of its people."
with the snow-covered peak
Will Rogers, 1923
make Oregon one of the mos
Quoted in Travel/Holiday
tion spots in America.
August, 1981
Oregon people are clannis
upon by outsiders who, hun
are horning in on the good
Other Cities and Places
They are a little like transp
They don't talk too much an
Claremore:
long as you don't get too m
[When a six-story hotel in Claremore, Okla., was
Capital: Salem
THE LANDSCA
named after him]: "I know now how proud Chris-
Became a territory: Aug. 14, 1848
topher Columbus must have felt when he heard they
had named Columbus, Ohio after him."
Entered the union (with rank): Feb. 14, 1859 (33)
"Long before, another tra
State motto: The Union
home had looked at the 1
Will Rogers
State flower: Oregon grape
The Best of Will Rogers
Oregon and had cried 'he
State bird: Western meadowlark
1979
another England.'
State song: "Oregon, My Oregon"
State tree: Douglas fir
Muskogee:
Nickname: Beaver State
Origin of state name: No one is certain; it was first
*
"We don't smoke marijuana in Muskogee
used by Jonathan Carver in 1778, and most author-
We don't take our trips on LSD
ities believe it comes from the writings of Major
"It takes centuries for a pe
And we don't burn our draft cards down at the
Robert Rogers, an English army officer
ciently love the beauty of I
courthouse
Like those hippies out in San Francisco do,
I'm proud to be an Okie from Muskogee!
Oregon was among the first areas of America sighted
and explored. Spanish and English seamen are
* *
thought to have been there in the 1500s and 1600s.
And I'm proud to be an Okie from Muskogee;
Capt. James Cook charted the coast in his quest for
"Oregon's climate is not b
A place where even squares can have a ball.
the mythical Northwest Passage across the continent.
body curse it nor good enou
We still wave Ol' Glory down at the Court House,
And Capt. Robert Gray discovered a torrential river
it. The winter rains just ba
White lightning's still the biggest thrill of all.
ble. The summers would b
In Muskogee, Oklahoma, U.S.A."
there in 1792 and named it after his ship, the Colum-
bia.
the smoky haze which hang
Merle Haggard and Roy Edward Burris
hides nature's miracles."
But Oregon's remoteness from the East Coast heart
"Okie from Muskogee"
of early American civilization kept development out
1969
***
until Lewis and Clark brought back glowing tales of
the territory after their 1805 visit. John Jacob Astor
"This Muskogee is really a parking space for cars
*
set up a fur depot here in 1811, and in 1846 the
entering Claremore. Of course, if you want to drive
United States resolved all British claims to the area
"Packed tight in a New Y
on into the town of Claremore proper, it's only 60
miles through the suburbs from here."
and made it a U.S. territory.
closed my eyes and imagin
At the same time, the Oregon Trail began shuttling
high above Cougar Lake. 1
Will Rogers
settlers into the moist, richly forested area, which
of a cathedral."
The Illiterate Digest
soon became a major population center.
1924
Today Oregon prides itself on having the largest
reserve of standing timber in the country, supporting
a lumber processing industry whose annual revenues
*
exceed $5 billion. It also sports one of the world's
"What he [Thoreau] sough
largest salmon fishing centers around Astoria on the
getic nature; and he wishe
Columbia River.
London."
The state's huge supply of fast-moving water has
provided for highly successful agriculture, particu-
larly orchards, and permitted a huge supply of hydro-
382
OREGON
electric power. The rivers also form one of the great
*
ON
scenic networks of the American west. In tandem
"Day after day, I sit on my terrace and watch the
with the snow-covered peaks of the Cascades, they
rain, and I just stare and think dark thoughts. All
make Oregon one of the most popular outdoor recrea-
around me, my neighbors stare at the rain and look as
tion spots in America.
if they were listening to Beethoven's 'Pastorale.'
Oregon people are clannish. They feel encroached
A Eugene woman, transplanted from Iowa
upon by outsiders who, hungering for the good life,
Quoted by Philip Hamburger
are horning in on the good life they already have.
An American Notebook
They are a little like transplanted New Englanders.
1965
They don't talk too much and they'll tolerate you as
*
long as you don't get too much underfoot.
"Slashes of pure white beach with the surf foaming
over high promontories, battered headlands, secret
THE LANDSCAPE
coves and little inlets, gaunt rock shapes in the water,
sea lion herds, lighthouses, dramatic waterfalls-
ry: Aug. 14, 1848
n (with rank): Feb. 14, 1859 (33)
"Long before, another traveler who was far from
such are the images of this long stretch of land's end
e Union
home had looked at the green tapestry that was
by the Pacific."
Neal R. Peirce
regon grape
Oregon and had cried 'here, across the world, is
tern meadowlark
another England.'
The Pacific
States of America
1972
regon, My Oregon"
Vivian Bretherton
The Rock and the Wind
*
glas fir
ver State
1942
"Two-thirds of Oregon's land area lies east of the
name: No one is certain; it was first
*
Cascades, but the region is home for only 12 percent
nan Carver in 1778, and most author-
of the population. Here the mountains have cut off
"It takes centuries for a people to realize and suffi-
comes from the writings of Major
most of the moisture coming in from the Pacific, and
ciently love the beauty of places such as Oregon."
an English army officer
aridity spells the terms of existence. This is tough,
Pearl S. Buck
hard uplands terrain of mountains and plateaus."
America
the first areas of America sighted
Neal R. Peirce
1971
Spanish and English seamen are
* *
The Pacific States of America
been there in the 1500s and 1600s.
1972
"Oregon's climate is not bad enough to make any-
bok charted the coast in his quest for
* *
body curse it nor good enough to make anybody love
orthwest Passage across the continent.
it. The winter rains just barely fail of being execra-
"The great pine stands and undulating wheat country
Gray discovered a torrential river
ble. The summers would be divine if it were not for
closer to Washington give way to the brutal waste-
named it after his ship, the Colum-
the smoky haze which hangs over the landscape and
land of high desert, with its sagebrush, dry lakes, and
hides nature's miracles."
lava beds, in the southeast. Distances are immense,
remoteness from the East Coast heart
Charles H. Chapman
the population sparse in the extreme, and a living
can civilization kept development out
These United States
eked out through wheat, lumber, or livestock."
Clark brought back glowing tales of
1924
Neal R. Peirce
their 1805 visit. John Jacob Astor
The Pacific States of America
***
lepot here in 1811, and in 1846 the
1972
resolved all British claims to the area
"Packed tight in a New York City subway, I have
closed my eyes and imagined I was walking the ridge
U.S. territory.
high above Cougar Lake. That ridge has the majesty
PEOPLE
time, the Oregon Trail began shuttling
moist, richly forested area, which
of a cathedral."
William O. Douglas
"Oregonians tend to be small-townish, middle-
major population center.
prides itself on having the largest
Of Men and Mountains
of-the-roadish, and Waspish. They are also fairly
1950
timber in the country, supporting
prudish about some things. Last Tango in Paris [a
***
movie with controversial sex scenes] is not advertised
essing industry whose annual revenues
It also sports one of the world's
"What he [Thoreau] sought was [of] the most ener-
in the big family newspapers, and when the society
fishing centers around Astoria on the
getic nature; and he wished to go to Oregon, not to
columns mention a cocktail party, it is usually called
London."
a reception."
Ralph Waldo Emerson
E.J. Kahn, Jr.
huge supply of fast-moving water has
"Thoreau"
The New Yorker
highly successful agriculture, particu-
and permitted a huge supply of hydro-
1862
Feb. 25. 1974
383
OREGON
WAY OF LIFE
O'er streams where free the north wind blows?
it may seem, the strongest
Who, who will ride from Walla-Walla
Union outside the solid Sou
"Thus far the [state's] inferiority complex has been
Four thousand miles for Oregon?"
still show. Agitation agains
too much for Oregon's idealists. Some of them it has
Hezekiah Butterworth
Oregon than anywhere else
killed outright with the deadly sickness of hope
"Whitman's Ride for Oregon"
police department for years
deferred, some have wearied of the everlasting fight
1843
like that in Los Angeles;
and compromised with the second rate for the sake of
***
one of the main Nazi cent
peace and a living, some go to San Francisco and
[On annexing Oregon territory]: "If declaring our
FBI, and I heard more an
New York for a breath of the keen air of freedom, but
own to be our own brings England, beak, talons and
talk there than in any othe
there are some, too, who will not die and who will
all, on Oregon, let her come.
Let England dare to
not run away from the tournament."
stoop from her lofty pose on Oregon; if she does, she
Charles H. Chapman
will never, never, resume that pose again. Her flight
These United States
hence will be slow and unsteady, with her wings
*
1924
clipped, and her talons harmless."
***
Edward Hennegan
we reached Portland,
"It used to be a saying in Oregon that people who
Speech in the U.S. Senate
possessing the electric lig
1844
course devoid of paveme
lived there could change their whole order of life-
about 100 miles from the
climate, scenery, diet, complexions, emotions, even
***
reproductive faculties-by merely moving a couple
"That the state of Oregon, with two million people,
can load. It is a poor city
equal on the Pacific coast.
of hundred miles in any direction inside the state."
or roughly one percent of the national population,
pines which run down fro
H.L. Davis
should have got the jump on most of the rest of the
up to the city."
Kettle of Fire
country in perceiving an energy crisis does not espe-
1953
cially surprise Oregonians. In the last seven years,
***
they have become accustomed to all sorts of innova-
"Oregon was settled by New Englanders in the first
tive and bizarre goings-on. They have laws so pro-
instance, and has a native primness, a conservatism,
gressive that, by comparison, many other states look
much like that of New Hampshire or Vermont."
doddering."
John Gunther
E.J. Kahn Jr.
"In Portland I have a get
The whole atmosphere it
Inside USA
The New Yorker
could feel this way in no
1947
Feb. 25, 1974
***
***
"This state [Oregon] is like one giant suburb."
"The emigration to Oregon, up to [18]45, had been
Robert Kennedy
much larger than that to California, and its problems
*
Quoted by Jules Witcover
of travel were almost identical. In fact, the two trails
were the same for more than half the distance, and
"If any West Coast city
85 Days
many people set out for one objective and then
monopoly on propriety an
1969
***
shifted to the other. When at a campfire, two men
things as they are,' it is P
shared their experiences and both gained knowledge,
wealth, discreet culture,
"Oregon is only an idea. It is in no scientific way a
reality."
neither was much concerned that the one might be
The
Philip Wylie
leading toward the Columbia and the other toward
the Sacramento."
Generation of Vipers
1942
George R. Stewart
*
The California Trail
"In many ways it [Portlar
1962
green valley of the Willar
at the Columbia, a city
HISTORY AND POLITICS
CITIES, TOWNS
including wilderness area
within its very borders,
AND REGIONS
Portlanders get an almost
"An empire to be lost or won!
the east."
And who four thousand miles will ride
Portland
And climb to heaven the Great Divide,
Th
And find the way to Washington,
"In the early 20s-largely because so many South-
Through mountains, canyons, winter snows,
erners had moved in-Oregon was, in fact, strange as
384
OREGON
the north wind blows?
lla-Walla
it may seem, the strongest Ku Klux Klan state in the
"It's a paradise on earth [Portland]. At least, that's
Oregon?"
Union outside the solid South, and hangovers of this
what people in Portland said."
Hezekiah Butterworth
still show. Agitation against the nisei was fiercer in
Ernie Pyle
Oregon than anywhere else in the West; the Portland
Home Country
an's Ride for Oregon"
police department for years maintained a 'red squad'
1947
1843
like that in Los Angeles; Portland was considered
one of the main Nazi centers in the country by the
ry]: "If declaring our
FBI, and I heard more and more bitter anti-Negro
land, beak, talons and
talk there than in any other northern city."
Let England dare to
John Gunther
The Willamette Region
regon; if she does, she
Inside USA
pose again. Her flight
1947
"Always get the skin rash up here. And athlete's foot
eady, with her wings
all the way to the ankle. The moisture. It's certainly
ss."
no wonder that this area has two or three natives a
Edward Hennegan
"
we reached Portland, which is a city of 50,000,
month take that one-way dip-it's either drown your
ch in the U.S. Senate
possessing the electric light of course, equally of
blasted self or rot."
1844
course devoid of pavements, and a port of entry
Ken Kesey
about 100 miles from the sea at which big steamers
Sometimes a Great Notion
two million people,
can load. It is a poor city that cannot say it has no
1963
national population,
equal on the Pacific coast. Portland shouts this to the
lost of the rest of the
pines which run down from a 1,000-foot ridge clear
*
crisis does not espe-
up to the city."
the last seven years,
Rudyard Kipling
"Metallic at first [a Willamette valley river], seen
From Sea to Sea
from the highway down through the trees, like an
all sorts of innova-
y have laws so pro-
1899
aluminum rainbow, like a slice of sallow moon.
Closer, becoming organic, a very long smile of water
any other states look
*
with broken and rotting pilings jagged along both
E.J. Kahn Jr.
"In Portland I have a genuine sense of belonging.
gums, foam clinging to the lips. Closer still, it
The New Yorker
The whole atmosphere is gemutlich. I am sure I
flattens into a river, flat as a street, cement-gray with
Feb. 25, 1974
could feel this way in no other place."
a texture of rain."
Richard L. Neuberger
Ken Kesey
[18]45, had been
Saturday Evening Post
Sometimes a Great Notion
a, and its problems
Aug. 12, 1950
1963
fact, the two trails
the distance, and
"If any West Coast city could be said to have a
*
bjective and then
monopoly on propriety and an anxiousness to 'keep
"The falls [at Willamette] splashed white in the
ampfire, two men
things as they are,' it is Portland, a town of quiet old
sunrise, then the river pounded past cabins, past
gained knowledge,
wealth, discreet culture, and cautious politics."
trees, past the new capital city, a river silent as it
the one might be
Neal R. Peirce
eddied toward the baby settlement of Portland."
the other toward
The Pacific States of America
Lucia Moore
1972
The Wheel and the Hearth
George R. Stewart
* *
1953
e California Trail
"In many ways it [Portland] is a lovely city, set in the
1962
green valley of the Willamette just below its juncture
at the Columbia, a city with 7,000 acres of parkland,
"Moving westerly from the Cascades, one comes
including wilderness areas and miles of rustic trails
immediately on the Willamette Valley, the heartland
within its very borders, a city where, on a clear day,
of Oregon. The valley stretches 180 miles south from
Portlanders get an almost magic view of Mt. Hood to
Portland and some 60 miles across, abutting the
the east."
Coastal Range on the west; within it is Oregon's
Neal R. Peirce
breadbasket and some of its great timber stands."
The Pacific States of America
Neal R. Peirce
so many South-
1972
n fact, strange as
The Pacific States of America
* *
1972
385
OREGON
"About halfway down the state the Willamette Val-
PENNS
ley stops, and one is in rough territory of mountains,
timber stands and farm valleys between the Cascades
and Coastal Range down to the California border."
Neil R. Peirce
The Pacific States of America
1972
Other Cities, Towns and Regions
The Columbia River:
Capital: Harrisburg
Entered the union (
"Next morning brought a gray, impending sky that
State motto: Virtue
was reflected in the great river [Columbia] of the
State flower: Mour
West. The stream was as smooth as ever I had
State bird: Ruffed
witnessed but I knew that sky too well by now to
State song: None
believe that the Columbia could long be quiet."
State tree: Hemloc
Nard Jones
Nickname: Keysto
Scarlet Petticoat
Origin of state na
1941
father of the sta
name means "Pe
9
Crater Lake:
Pennsylvania is a b
S
centermost of the
8
"It [Crater Lake in 1885] is unique in all the world.
place and trading g
E
snuon
6
The day is coming when people of all nations will
a bridge to the wes
arrive to view its grandeur, then return to their homes
Alleghenies and th
a
OI
to ponder that such things can be."
Originally Penns
12
William Gladstone Steel, writing in 1885
William Penn as :
Quoted in Scenic Wonders of America
people could live
Penn's promise to
governed by laws o
Eugene:
prophecy of Ameri
extended to Penr
"
Eugene [especially] benefits from its location
treated much mor
in the heart of great fir and cedar forest belts, its
where else on the de
lumber and new industries springing up from diversi-
Because of the
fication of timber use."
many religious im
Neal R. Peirce
Mennonites, Dunk
The Pacific States of America
styles they brought
1972
Peaceful Pennsy]
fledgling America
Rebellion, which
Klamath:
Irishmen of the we
at having to pay tax
"
so out of Klamath, the lakes red, and a thread
to trade British ove
of silver river in the desert."
In the Civil War,
Thomas Wolfe
crucial battle, Gett
A Western Journal
the Confederacy's
1938
the greatest speech
Address, perhaps
accomplished by a
Pennsylvania's
panse of small fan
386
10.27.89 02:04 PM
*SEN. HATFIELD D. C.
P01
MARK O. HATFIELD
OREGON
Hnited States Senate
WASHINGTON, DC
TELEFAX TRANSMISSION COVER SHEET
TO:
Peggy Dorley
FAX: 456-6218
FROM:
Jim Hemphill
Sen. Hatfields Office
TELEFAX NUMBER
Number of pages (including this sheet) :
4
Notes:
IF TRANSMISSION IS UNREADABLE
PLEASE PHONE (202) 224-3753
10.27.89
02:04
PM
SEN HATFIELD D. C.
P04
1988
#61
BIOGRAPHY
SENATE SERVICE -- Elected, 1966; reelected 1972, 1978, and 1984.
COMMITTEE ASSIGNMENTS -- Senator Hatfield is Ranking Minority
Member of the Senate Appropriations Committee and the Energy and
Water Resources Appropriations Subcommittee. He serves on the
Commerce, Justice, State, the Judiciary and Related Agencies;
Foreign Operations; Labor, Health and Human Services, Education
and Related Agencies; and The Legislative Branch Appropriations
Subcommittees. He is a Member of the Committee on Energy and
Natural Resources with Subcommittee assignments on Public Lands,
National Parks and Forests; Energy Regulation and Conservation;
and Water and Power. Senator Hatfield is also a member of the
Committee on Rules and Administration; The Joint Committee on the
Library; The Joint Committee on Printing; The U.S. Senate
Commission on The Bicentennial of the Constitution; The National
Historical Publications and Records Commission; The Pacific
Northwest Trade Taskforce; The Republican Policy Committee; and
serves as Chairman of the Arms Control and Foreign Policy Caucus.
SENIORITY -- Senator Hatfield is the 2nd ranking Republican and
10th in seniority out of 100 in the full Senate.
PRIOR PUBLIC SERVICE -- State Representative, Oregon State
Legislature, 1951-1955; State Senator, Oregon State Legislature,
1955-1957; Oregon Secretary of State, 1957-1959; Oregon
Governor, 1959-1967; Delegate to the Republican National
Convention 1952, 1956, 1960, 1964, 1968, and 1976; Temporary
Chairman and Keynote Speaker, 1964 GOP National Convention.
MILITARY SERVICE -- U.S. Navy, 1943-1945. Earned rank of
Lieutenant J.G. Commanded landing craft Iwo Jima and Okinawa.
Duty during occupation of Japan and China Civil War.
EDUCATION -- Graduated Salem High School, Salem, Oregon, 1940;
Bachelor of Arts, Willamette University, Salem, Oregon, 1943;
Master of Arts, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 1948;
Numerous Honorary Doctorate degrees.
PROFESSIONAL -- Associate Professor of Political Science, Dean of
Students, Willamette University, Salem, Oregon, 1949-1957.
Author of three books: Not Quite So Simple, 1967; Conflict and
Conscience, 1971; and Between a Rock and a Hard Place, 1976.
Coauthor: Amnesty: The Unsettled Question of Vietnam, 1973; The
Causes of World Hunger, 1982; Freeze! How You Can Help Prevent
Nuclear War, 1982; and What About the Russians, 1984.
PERSONAL -- Born July 12, 1922, in Dallas, Oregon, the son of
D.C. Hatfield, a railroad construction blacksmith, and Dovie Odom
Hatfield, a school teacher. Married Antoinette Kuzmanich, former
high school teacher, Counselor for Women at Portland State
University, and author of several cookbooks. The Senator and
Mrs. Hatfield are the parents of four children: Elizabeth, Mark
0., Jr., Theresa, and Charles Vincent (Visko). When not
attending to senatorial responsibilities, Senator Hatfield enjoys
gardening and studying presidential history.
10. 27. 89 02:04 PM
SEN HATFIELD D. C.
P02
Washington. D.C. 20510
202 224-3753
SENATOR MARK O. HATFIELD (R-OREGON)
Date:
Biographical Background Material
1988
#62
or
Possible Introductory Remarks
Referred to as "the conscience" of the Senate and "a global
visionary" U.S. Senator Mark O. Hatfield rose through a 36-year
career in politics to hold one of the most influential positions
in government as Chairman of the Senate Appropriations Committee
from 1980 through 1986, the second longest tenure as chairman in
U.S. history. When the Senate leadership shifted in 1987,
Senator Hatfield became the ranking minority Senator on the
committee. Few elected officials exercise more responsibility
over federal spending priorities and few Senators play a more
critical leadership role in shaping economic and policy
priorities than Senator Mark Hatfield. Not a single dollar flows
through the Federal Treasury at the discretion of Congress
without first passing through the Senate Appropriations
Committee.
As a Lieutenant J.G. in the Navy, he commanded landing craft in
some of the bloodiest battles of World War II. He was one of the
first U.S. military personnel to enter Hiroshima after the atomic
bomb was dropped in 1945. These experiences, coupled with a deep
Christian faith and a steadfast belief in the progressive
principles upon which the Republican party was first established,
have made Senator Hatfield one of the most widely known and
nuke
respected critics of U.S. foreign policy. Despite warnings of
political suicide, as Oregon's Governor, Mark Hatfield cast the
only vote at the 1965 National Governors Conference in opposition
to a resolution supporting President Johnson's Vietnam war
policy. In 1981, Senator Hatfield cast the lone vote in the
Senate against enormous increases in the Department of Defense
budget.
Known as the father of the Nuclear Freeze, Senator Hatfield
joined with Senator Edward M. Kennedy (D-MA) to force a halt to
the nuclear arms race. In 1981, he sponsored the first
prohibition against U.S. combat troop involvement in El Salvador
and in 1984 authored the amendment which successfully deleted
funds to conduct the so-called "secret war" in Nicaragua. In
1984, he was credited with singlehandedly preventing renewed
production of nerve gas weapons.
10. 27. 89 02 04 PM
*SEN. HATFIELD D. C.
P03
Biographical Background Material
1988
or
Possible Introductory Remarks
Senator Hatfield is also widely known as a champion of fiscal
responsibility, human rights and individual freedom. He opposes
centralization and excessive power whether it stems from big
government, big business or big labor. No Senator has done more
than he to curb the tidal wave of deficit spending which
threatens to wash away the nation's economic strength and
stability. As both Chairman and ranking member of the Senate
Appropriations Committee he has stood firm in support of
necessary humanitarian, health and social programs, while
demanding that the Department of Defense and other sacred COWS of
the federal government bear their fair share in deficit
reduction.
As Oregon's Governor and as United States Senator, Mark Hatfield
has worked to broaden and strengthen Oregon's economic base
through wise stewardship of its human and natural resources.
Governor Hatfield's program of "payrolls and playgrounds" brought
new industry to Oregon while developing one of the nation's
finest state park systems. He expanded Oregon's community
college system and led the effort to create the Oregon Graduate
Center, now a leading research institution and a key to Oregon's
place at the cutting edge of high technology.
In the United States Senate, Mark Hatfield has continued these
efforts. They include the creation of a Marine Science Center at
Newport and the Institute for Advanced Biomedical Research at the
Oregon Health Sciences University. Recognizing the need for a
Friend
formidable transportation network to move people and products,
Mark Hatfield has injected new life and federal dollars into
of oregon
coastal ports, the Columbia-Snake waterway, local roads and
highways and the Portland light rail project. Mark Hatfield's
leadership role in enhancing forestry and agricultural research
programs has been essential to the survival as well as the
potential of these core industries of the state. He led the
fight in Congress to bring contract relief to small and medium
sized timber companies. He has led efforts to improve forest
management through reforestation, while preserving Oregon's
unparalled beauty for future generations.
1000
OREGON
But Coleman OREGON
1001
now
OREGON Congressional Districts, Counties, and Selected Places - (5 Districts)
125°
1
124*
2
123°
3
122°
4
121°
5
120°
6
119°
7
118*
8
117*
9
OREGON
LEGEND
SCALE
2
Congressional district number
0
20
40
60
80
100 Kilometers
WASHINGTON
A
Congressional district boundary
0
20
40
60
80
100 Miles
A
KEY
Place of 100.000 or more inhabitants
MUL TNOMAH COUNTY
Place of 50 000 to 100.000 inhabitants
Portland
46°
Place of 000 000 inhabitants
2 Hazelwood
CLATSOP
46"
"Pictorially, Oregon is this," the WPA Guide explained 50 years ago, "tidy white houses and
3 Gresham
COLUMBIA
State capital underlined
WASHINGTON COUNTY
,
church spires of the Willamette Valley settlements, like transplanted New England towns,
Hillsboro
3
3
Aloha
3 Beaverton
TILLAMOOK,
HOOD
WALLOWA
among pastoral scenery warm and graceful as the landscapes of Innes; the Alice-through-the-
8
RIVER
UMATILLA
B
1
TNOMAH
GILLIAM
MORROW
UNION
looking-glass effect of a swift incredible geographic change that lifts motorists out of lush green
forests and over the wind-scoured ridgepole of the Cascades, and plummets them into a grim
5
SHERMAN
YAMHILL
WASCO
45'
never-never land of broken rim-rock and bare-boned plains beyond the range; the lamplit frontier
Salem
CLACKAMAS
POLK
MARION
towns of eastern Oregon, the rolling, golden wheatlands, great ranches where booted and spurred
WHEELER
BAKER
LINCOLN
Corvallis
JEFFERSON
c
men still ride. Or if the bird's eye view is toward the west coast, a humid, forested, mountainous
C
LINN
GRANT
IDAHO
region, fronting the Pacific, to which it presents, abruptly, a precipitous escarpment, relieved
BENTON
here and there by long stretches of sand beaches, an occasional lumber port or fishing village, or
CROOK
Eugene Springfield
2
44'
44°
a river mouth." This Oregon was known to Americans since Lewis and Clark spent the winter of
DESCHUTES
1805-06 at the mouth of the Columbia. John Jacob Astor's fur traders set up Astoria in 1811,
LANE
and settlers came up the Oregon Trail, through the rapids of the Columbia Gorge to the fertile
D
D
4
well-watered Willamette Valley. Oregon was a hot political issue then: James K. Polk won the
DOUGLAS
MALHEUR
1844 election on the cry of "54°40' or Fight!" although in 1846 he settled with the British for the
COOS
HARNEY
43"
43"
49th parallel instead.
KLAMATH
LAKE
In this remote land, nearly 2,000 miles and weeks of travel away from the Mississippi River
frontier and at least 700 miles from the equally small settlements in California, was established
E
E
CURRY
JOSEPHINE
JACKSON
the orderly, productive society of Oregon. It grew steadily over the years, with only a few
Medford
booms-in 1900-10 as the timber industry was growing, and in the 1940s when war workers
42"
42"
raised the state's population by 40%. Culturally, it is quintessentially American, but geographi-
cally it is remote from most of the United States and looks out across the Pacific Rim to the
CALIFORNIA
NEVADA
F
Orient: most of the Japanese cars sold in the United States are unloaded in Portland, and this is
N
U.S. Department Commerce
BUREAU THE CENSUS
one state which resolutely backs free trade. Its major product for many years was-and in good
124*
2
123°
3
122°
4
121*
5
120°
6
119"
7
118"
8
117*
,
Congressional districts established July 26. 1961 all other boundaries are as of January 1. 1980.
years, still is-lumber, but there is less of the raucousness of the lumber camp to its history and
more of the decorum of the New England Yankee small town with its library and literary
society. When the West was the stronghold of populism, Oregon was different; and it was the
which elected a conservative, belt-tightening Republican governor in 1978 and 1982, was ready
most Republican of the western states as late as 1948, when it favored Thomas E. Dewey over
to elect an expansive liberal Democrat, Neil Goldschmidt, in 1986. A similar trend was apparent
Harry Truman.
in the 1988 presidential election when Oregon, after voting Republican in all but one of the last
This well-ordered little commonwealth had another boom in the 1970s. As Americans became
nine elections, cast its electoral votes for Michael Dukakis. His emphasis on economic growth
aware of pollution and to appreciate their natural environment, they began to seek out places like
and on the liberal cultural values important to so many highly educated professionals struck a
Oregon, with its small cities (even metropolitan Portland is only about 1.3 million) and nearby
chord in Oregon; this is a culturally liberal state on many issues, with many young and single
wilderness, its pristine mountains, seacoast and desert. Oregonians, however, did not want to see
voters, and one that is proud of being the first state to ban throwaway bottles and among the first
their state follow the same path as the big metro areas in California. Its attitude was summed up
to allow abortions (though it may be a little sheepish about having decriminalized marijuana in
by Governor Tom McCall (1966-74), who urged people to visit Oregon, "but for heaven's sake
the early 1970s). On economics, Oregon is less liberal, cautious in its enthusiasm for big
don't come to live here." That attitude changed by the late 1970s, when recession and an ailing
government (even though public works like the Columbia River dams are so visible here) and
lumber industry made environment-conscious Oregon yearn for a little more of the economic
turned off by the Democrats' increasing emphasis on restrictive trade policies.
growth it had been taking for granted. For a time, migration into the state-long heavy, despite
McCall's admonition-stopped, and unemployment rates zoomed up to some of the nation's
Oregon seems to have reached these conclusions not after dialectical struggle, but through the
emergence of a consensus. Unlike most states, it does not have long-standing political differences
highest levels. The problem was the vulnerability of the lumber industry: demand for lumber
between different regions. The coastal areas and the lower Columbia River valley are marginally
depends on the level of new construction, which in turn depends on interest rates; the
more Democratic than the rest of the state; Salem, the state capital, is usually more Republican
combination of high interest rates and recession during the first Reagan term hit Oregon
than Eugene, the site of the University of Oregon; the low-lying, less affluent sections of
especially hard.
Portland east of the Willamette River are usually Democratic, while the more affluent city
In the late 1980s, growth returned and concern for the environment was again high; Oregon
neighborhoods and suburbs in the hills in the west tend to be Republican. But the differences are
OREGON
1003
small, and there is not the vast gap between lifestyles you find in California. The longhaired
young here like to backpack and think of themselves as middle-class; so do blue-collar workers
bend the rules or use underhanded means to achieve them. On other foreign issues, he has been
and affluent people in the high-income suburbs.
staunch opponent of contra aid, he believes American Middle East policy is too pro-Israel, and a
Governor. Neil Goldschmidt was mayor of Portland in the 1970s; he was Jimmy Carter's
he strongly opposes the death penalty and tried to get it dropped from the 1988 drug bill. With
second Secretary of Transportation; when he ran for governor in 1986, these two credentials
Edward Kennedy, he is sponsoring a two-year U.S.-Soviet moratorium on underground nuclear
were thought to be handicaps in a state where Carter ended up unpopular and where voters
testing of over one kilton. He has worked for years to give aid to Vietnamese refugees.
outside Portland mistrust the big city. Also, Goldschmidt had a strong opponent, Norma Paulus,
On other issues, Hatfield is not so unconventional a politician. He is not an unqualified
experienced in state government and a native of rural Oregon-the sort of moderate Republican
believer in free-market economics, but he has favored-long before the current slump in the
who has often run well in the state. But Goldschmidt, who talks so fast that the best courtroom
lumber industry-measures to give the lumber companies more access to Oregon's forests than
reporters can't keep up with him, based his campaign on a blueprint for Oregon's future and
many environmentalists would like. He is not an enthusiast for most domestic spending
stressed his role as an innovator as mayor of Portland in the 1970s-"a public-sector risk-taker in
programs. On cultural issues, his strong religious beliefs usually do not make him join forces
the entrepreneurial mold," the Portland Oregonian called him. And he could claim to be a
usually with the New Right, but he does oppose abortion, in vivid contrast to fellow Oregon
businessman himself; after leaving Washington, he returned and worked for five years for the
Senator Bob Packwood. He has used his Appropriations seat to funnel money to Oregon and he
worked hard to prevent restarting of a shut-down nuclear plant across the river in the Hanford
Nike running shoe company based in the Portland area.
Once in office, Goldschmidt decided to make the problems of children the primary focus of
his governorship. He wants the state to spend more on education, and got a bill through the
delegation to push through a Wild and Scenic Rivers bill in 1988, protecting 40 rivers; all but
Reservation in Washington. Hatfield also welded together the usually fractious Oregon
eastern Oregon's Bob Smith supported the bill.
legislature in 1989 to get around spending caps on local education; but the issue will be
decided-in this state that invented initiative, referendum, and recall-by the voters. He is also
Hatfield chaired the Appropriations Committee for six years-an often frustrating assign-
worried about abused, homeless, and illiterate children, but instead of emphasizing bureaucratic
ment, since it is constantly being muscled by the Budget Committee and by Gramm-Rudman,
solutions, he has gone around the state focusing on teachers and volunteer leaders who have
its bills must be defended against dozens of controversial amendments, and it had to do much of
changed children's lives and calling on citizens to spend some of their own time helping children
its work in one end-of-session continuing resolution. Hatfield is not a cynical horse-trader at such
times, but he is willing to take on some fights and is able to win some. In 1987 Hatfield turned his
in their own community.
All this sounds like George Bush's "thousand points of light." But Goldschmidt brings to the
aggressive use of the chair, much of it remains.
gavel over to the Democrats, but since his power was not based on either partisan staffing or
governor's office his own ebullience, energy and independence. (In his first year he took care to
veto laws sought by his biggest backers.) Oregon, like Washington next door, has a Democratic
Hatfield's seat is up in 1990, when he will have held public office for 40 years. He is
governor who comes fresh from the private sector rather than government, whose politics are a
considered popular, but it is hard for any Oregon politician to stay in close touch with
contrast not only to Reagan Republicanism, but to the labor liberalism of Democrats past. It will
constituents so many miles away, so there is speculation that he may retire or encounter serious
be interesting to see what comes of these laboratories of reform out on America's Pacific Rim.
opposition. In 1984, he ran very well despite some charges that would have hurt a Senator whose
Goldschmidt's popularity has been high, and it is not clear whether one of the better known
integrity is not so universally taken for granted. Before the election, it was revealed that Mrs.
Republicans-Attorney General Dave Frohnmayer, Treasurer Tony Meeker, Congressman
Hatfield, a real estate broker, had received a $40,000 fee in return for little or no services from
Denny Smith-will choose to run against him in 1990. If not, he may be opposed by a member of
one Basil Tsakos, and that Hatfield had been soliciting support on official stationary for Tsakos's
Oregon's religious right, like Joe Lutz the activist minister who challenged Bob Packwood in the
proposal to build a $15 billion oil pipeline across Africa. The Hatfields changed their story
several times, then appeared together in Portland, confessed an error in judgment, promised to
1986 primary.
Senators. Oregon has two of the senior Republicans in the Senate, the chairmen of the
donate the money to charity, and asked the voters' forgiveness. Another odd episode came in
Appropriations and Finance Committees when their party was in control, and important
1989 when Hatfield, stopped at a red light in Washington with his wife and son in the car, saw
legislators now that it is in the minority. Both are men of considerable intellect, character and
one man on foot shoot at another. When bullets passed close to his car, he floored it-a natural
and prudent reaction-but he did not report the incident to the police.
distinctive views. And, as so often is the case when a state is represented by two Senators of the
same party, considered to be in the same place on the ideological scale, and roughly the same
After the Tsakos affair, Hatfield won reelection in 1984 with 67% of the vote-his best
showing ever. He has said he will announce in fall 1989 whether he will run again, and has been
age, their relations have been sometimes friendly, sometimes edgy.
The senior Senator is Mark Hatfield, ranking member of the Senate Appropriations
raising money. Two of the state's Democratic congressmen clearly have senatorial ambitions,
Committee and holder of statewide office in Oregon since 1956, when he was elected secretary
but one of them, Les AuCoin, has worked closely with Hatfield on Appropriations matters and
of state at 34. In 1958, he was elected governor and served for eight years; in 1966, he was
says he will not run against him. The other, Ron Wyden, has not ruled it out; either or both might
run if Hatfield retires, and so might Republican Congressman Denny Smith.
elected to the Senate and has been there ever since. The issue about which Hatfield has always
cared most is peace. He is a deeply religious man, and as a young serviceman was one of the first
Oregon's junior Senator, Bob Packwood, made history in 1986 as the Chairman of the Senate
Americans to see Hiroshima after it was bombed. That experience-and deep convictions-
Finance Committee who played a major role in producing America's most sweeping tax reform
have left him a strong proponent of disarmament and of understanding our adversaries. He was
act in 45 years. His role was all the more surprising, since it was such a departure from his
the cosponsor of the McGovern-Hatfield amendment to end the Vietnam war in the early 1970s;
previous posture. Packwood spent most of his years on the Finance Committee when Russell
he was an enthusiastic backer of the nuclear freeze in the 1980s; he has never voted for a defense
Long was chairman, and for years he shared Long's view that government should use the tax
authorization bill. But as Appropriations chairman, he presided over the huge defense spending
code-granting tax credits and accelerated depreciation, allowing deductions and tax shelters—
increases in the early 1980s; Hatfield is a man who will always vote his convictions, but will not
to achieve policy goals; and he also seemed to share Long's unspoken view that a Finance
chairman maximizes his power by keeping tax rates high and then doling out exemptions and
favors and lower rates to his colleagues and constituents. Far from sharing Jimmy Carter's view
advocate of zero population growth, and in the late 1970s, he became its leading opponent of
that the tax code was a disgrace to the human race, he stated openly that it was pretty good as it
bans on abortion. The Senate, despite New Right gains, is still the branch of government least
was. In the first months of 1986, after Dan Rostenkowski's Ways and Means Committee passed
inclined to restrict abortions; Packwood has proven skillful at using parliamentary devices to
its tax reform bill lowering rates and eliminating preferences, Packwood followed his old
rally the majority he has on this issue in the face of attacks from Jesse Helms and others. The
approach. He announced early on that he would insist on favorable treatment for the timber
issue has also been a major electoral asset to Packwood. Women's rights advocates made his
industry-a maladroit move that gave others leverage over him-and watched as fellow Finance
reelection their number one priority in 1980 and they, in turn, were the single biggest bloc of
members piled preference after preference into the bill.
contributors to his campaign that year, even providing a substantial share of his funds in 1986,
By mid-April 1986, enough preferences had been voted to boost the deficit by $100 billion-
though most, of course, could be attributed to his Finance chair. Yet he is also a strong party
and kill the bill. Packwood was being lampooned in the Portland Oregonian as "H & R
man, one who put together the fundraising capability and technical services which were crucial
Packwood with another of my 17 versions of tax reform," and he was facing opposition in the
in keeping Republican control of the Senate in the 1980s. He was also the originator of the
May 20 primary from a charismatic young conservative named Joe Lutz. Packwood had
yearly Tidewater talks, when Republican officeholders from around the country, wearing
amassed some $4 million in campaign contributions (not difficult when you're Finance chairman
sweaters and using first names, meet on Maryland's Eastern Shore and try to share the new ideas
doling out tax preferences), but Lutz was attacking him with style and humor, and was drawing
they have had about policy.
on the anti-Packwood base among registered Republicans that had held him to 62% against
Packwood, like many prominent Senators, first won office in an upset: he was a surprise
weak opposition in the 1980 primary. A fiasco on tax reform would undercut Packwood's
winner when he ran, at age 36, against four-term incumbent Wayne Morse in 1968. He won
greatest strength with Republican primary voters, namely his reputation for competence and his
reelection in 1974 and 1980 by margins that have to be considered unimpressive, especially
ability as a committee chairman to get things done.
considering the fact that he heavily outspent his opponents both times. In 1986, his real
So in late April, Packwood repaired to a Capitol Hill bar with an aide and over a pitcher of
challenge was in the primary, and it now looks as if the religious right will always oppose him
beer started pencilling out some figures-and came up with a bill that stripped away far more
(but not Hatfield, because of his well-known deep religious beliefs). The distance factor may be
preferences than the House or Reagan version and which would lower rates far more, to a high of
playing a part here. Much of Oregon is nine flying hours from Washington, D.C., and it's harder
27%. "I came around full circle to think [Bill] Bradley was right," Packwood said. "We ought to
for Oregon's Members of Congress to keep in close touch with their constituents.
get the rates as low as we can, [and] let economic efficiency guide decisions." Packwood's
Packwood is a man of calculation more than passion, an experienced observer of the game and
turnaround stunned Washington, which had been writing off tax reform for 18 months, and
one who still plays it to win. Those who see him as a cynical man who believes in nothing have got
carried the day in early May on the Finance Committee and in the Senate. There was almost an
it wrong; he does have strong beliefs-encouraging free enterprise, women's rights, the
audible sigh of relief from the politicians at the prospect of getting out of the business of doling
Republican Party to name three-but he is also interested in surviving, and other issues-tax
out preferences to favored causes and lobbyists.
preferences, for example-may become negotiable. His strategy for 1992, as it has been for
Packwood was banged around somewhat later by Dan Rostenkowski in the conference
previous races, is to raise plenty of money and try to avoid serious competition; and the surprise
committee, where Rostenkowski controlled his House conferees while Packwood didn't control
of previous elections is not that he has won, but that some of his margins have been so close.
his Senate counterparts. But the bill finally passed into law. In the meantime, Packwood won
Presidential politics. Oregon, with seven electoral votes, and geographically closer to Vancou-
renomination over Joe Lutz May 20 by the none too huge margin, for a primary, of 58%-42%.
ver, British Columbia than it is to any population concentration in any state but neighboring
That was the contest for him: the Democratic nominee, Representative James Weaver,
Washington, does not see much of presidential candidates, even in primaries, and even when, as
withdrew from the race in August while he was being investigated by the House Ethics
in 1988, the contest in the general election here is close. Since environmental issues started
Committee, and the Democrats nominated a young man who had won 14% in their primary.
becoming important, Oregon has tended to vote more Democratic than the nation when the
Packwood, with millions left in campaign funds and his reputation for competence and clout
Democrats run a culturally liberal candidate and less Democratic than the nation when they do
restored, won easily.
not. Oregon was one of the few states to cast almost as high a percentage of its votes for George
The loss of the Finance chair left Packwood less powerful but still busy. He is one of the
McGovern as for Hubert Humphrey, yet in 1976 it went narrowly for Gerald Ford over Jimmy
Senate's stronger free traders, backing the U.S.-Canada Free Trade Agreement (but getting
Carter. Walter Mondale did not sell particularly well here; Michael Dukakis did. The difference
changes to help Oregon's plywood industry) and opposing the protectionist textile bill in 1988;
in response is even more striking when you consider that these Democratic nominees got 30% of
the former was passed and Packwood organized enough senators to prevent an override of the
their votes from blacks in some industrial states, while there are almost no blacks in Oregon, nor
veto of the latter. On the Commerce Committee, which he chaired from 1981 to 1985, he is a
is there a large low-income population. Oregon is part of America's Northern Tier-so is
force for deregulation. He supported the catastrophic health care bill and the Civil Rights
Washington, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Massachusetts-the only place in the country where the
Restoration Act and was the first Senate Republican to oppose the nomination of Robert Bork.
Democrats' cultural liberalism is affirmatively popular.
He is co-sponsoring with Daniel Patrick Moynihan a bill to change the child care tax credit. He
The halcyon days of Oregon's presidential primary are probably over. This late May contest
worked on the Oregon Wild and Scenic Rivers bill. On campaign finance reform he has partisan
ended Harold Stassen's career as a serious presidential candidate in 1948, when he lost 52%-
expertise from his days as chairman of the National Republican Senatorial Committee (he lost
48% to Thomas Dewey, and it gave Robert Kennedy his only defeat in 1968. Oregon in those
the post in 1982 after he was critical of Reagan), and he upheld the Republican filibuster against
days was part of a West Coast swing, since it came just before the California primary; at a time
the Democrats' bill; late at night in February 1988, Majority Leader Robert Byrd, frustrated by
when campaigners were not yet used to flying all over the country they, like National Football
the lack of a quorum, ordered the sergeant-at-arms to arrest Packwood making him the first
League teams in the 1950s, scheduled West Coast contests together, to minimize travel time. By
Senator ever to be carried into the chamber under arrest.
the 1980s, Oregon seemed to come too late in the season and to have too few delegates at stake to
Packwood has causes as well as committees. In the early 1970s, he was the Senate's leading
earn much attention.
Congressional districting. Oregon House races have a certain volatility: the distance factor
makes it hard for even the most conscientious and attractive congressman to keep winning by the
GOVERNOR
kinds of percentages that members whose districts are within two hours of Washington's
National Airport can count on. Oregon is not likely to gain a seat in 1992, as it did in 1982, nor
Gov. Neil Goldschmidt (D)
will its district lines have to be changed much because of population growth. The Democrats
Elected 1986, term expires Jan. 1991; b. June 16, 1940, Eugene;
who control the redistricting process may, however, adjust the lines in the Portland area to make
home, Salem; U. of OR, B.A. 1963, U. of CA at Berkeley, J.D.
the 1st and 5th Districts more favorable to their candidates.
1967; Jewish; married (Margie).
Career: Practicing atty., 1967-70; Legal Aide, Portland City
Comm., 1971-73; Mayor of Portland, 1973-79; U.S. Secy. of
Transportation, 1979-81; Vice Pres., Nike, Inc., 1981-85.
The People: Est. Pop. 1988: 2,741,000; Pop. 1980: 2,633,105, up 4.1% 1980-88 and 25.9% 1970-80;
1.12% of U.S. total, 30th largest. 20% with 1-3 yrs. col., 17% with 4+ yrs. col.; 10.7% below poverty
Office: State Capitol, Rm. 254, Salem 97310, 503-378-3111.
level. Single ancestry: 10% English, 9% German, 4% Irish, 2% Norwegian, 1% Swedish, French,
Election Results
Scottish, Italian, Dutch. Households (1980): 70% family, 37% with children, 60% married couples;
1986 gen.
Neil Goldschmidt (D)
34.9% housing units rented; median monthly rent: $212; median house value: $59,000. Voting age pop.
549,456
(52%)
Norma Paulus (R)
(1980): 1,910,048; 2% Spanish origin, 1% Asian origin, 1% Black, 1% American Indian. Registered
506,989
1986 prim.
(48%)
Neil Goldschmidt (D)
voters (1988): 1,528,478; 737,489 D (48%); 590,648 R (39%); 200,341 unaffiliated and minor parties
214,148
(68%)
Edward N. Fadeley (D)
(13%).
81,300
1982 gen.
(26%)
Victor G. Atiyeh (R)
639,841
(61%)
Ted Kulongoski (D)
374,316
(36%)
1988 Share of Federal Tax Burden: $8,659,000,000; 0.98% of U.S. total, 29th largest.
SENATORS
Sen. Mark O. Hatfield (R)
Elected 1966, seat up 1990; b. July 12, 1922, Dallas; home, Tigard;
1988 Share of Federal Expenditures
Willamette U., B.A. 1943, Stanford U., M.A. 1948; Baptist;
Total
Non-Defense
Defense
1919
married (Antoinette).
Total Expend
$8,237m
(0.93%)
$7,420m
(1.13%)
$1,115m
(0.49%)
St/Lcl Grants
1,322m
(1.15%)
1,320m
(1.15%)
2m
(1.95%)
Career: Navy, WWII; Assoc. Prof. of Pol. Sci., Dean of Students,
Salary/Wages
1,001m
(0.75%)
831m
(1.24%)
170m
(1.24%)
Willamette U., 1949-57; OR House of Reps., 1951-55; OR Senate,
Pymnts to Indiv
4,878m
(1.19%)
4,685m
(1.20%)
193m
(1.03%)
1955-57; OR Secy. of State, 1957-59; Gov. of OR, 1959-67.
Procurement
749m
(0.40%)
298m
(0.64%)
749m
(0.40%)
Offices: 711 HSOB 20510, 202-224-3753. Also 475 Cottage St.
Research/Other
287m
(0.77%)
286m
(0.77%)
1m
(0.77%)
N.E., Salem 97301, 503-363-1629; and 114 Pioneer Crthse., 555
S.W. Yamhill, Portland 97204, 503-221-3380.
Committees: Appropriations (Ranking Member of 13 R). Sub-
committees: Commerce, Justice, State, the Judiciary and Related
Political Lineup: Governor, Neil Goldschmidt (D); Secy. of State, Barbara Roberts (D); Atty. Gen.,
Agencies; Energy and Water Development (Ranking Member);
Dave Frohnmayer (R); Treasurer, Tony Meeker (R). State Senate, 30 (19 D and 11 R); State House of
Foreign Operations; Labor, Health and Human Services, Educa-
Representatives, 60 (32 D and 28 R). Senators, Mark O. Hatfield (R) and Robert W. Packwood (R).
tion; Legislative Branch. Energy and Natural Resources (2d of 9
Representatives, 5 (3 D and 2 R).
Water and Power. Rules and Administration (2d of 7 R). Joint Committee on the Library. Joint
R). Subcommittees: Public Lands, National Parks and Forests;
Committee on Printing.
Group Ratings
1988 Presidential Vote
1984 Presidential Vote
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
Dukakis (D)
616,206 (51%)
Reagan (R)
685,700 (56%)
ACU
1988
NTLC
NSI
70
COC
56
CEI
51
75
70
Bush (R)
560,126 (47%)
Mondale (D)
536,479
(44%)
30
1987
40
65
0
57
37
-
50
58
-
28
I
I
61
41
1988 Democratic Presidential Primary
1988 Republican Presidential Primary
National Journal Ratings
Dukakis
221,048
(57%)
Bush
199,938
(73%)
Jackson
148,207 (38%)
Dole
49,128 (18%)
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
Gephardt
6,772
(2%)
21,212 (8%)
Economic
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
Robertson
43%
-
55%
Social
28%
-
71%
Gore
5,445 (1%)
45%
I
54%
Foreign
35%
-
62%
Simon
4,757
(1%)
75%
I
24%
64%
I
35%
1008
OREGON
OREGON
1009
Key Votes
Election Results
1) Cut Aged Housing $
AGN
5) Bork Nomination
FOR
9) SDI Funding
AGN
1986 general
2) Override Hwy Veto
AGN
Robert W. (Bob) Packwood (R)
6) Ban Plastic Guns
FOR
10) Ban Chem Weaps AGN
656,317
Rick Bauman (D)
(63%)
($6,523,492)
3) Kill Plnt Clsng Notice AGN
7) Deny Abortions
FOR
11) Aid To Contras
AGN
1986 primary
375,735
Robert W. (Bob) Packwood (R)
(36%)
($64,139)
4) Min Wage Increase
FOR
8) Japanese Reparations
FOR
12) Reagan Defense $ AGN
171,985
Joe P. Lutz, Sr. (R)
(58%)
1980 general
126,315
Robert W. (Bob) Packwood (R)
(42%)
Election Results
594,290
Ted Kulongoski (D)
(52%)
($1,534,607)
501,963
(44%)
($190,047)
1984 general
Mark O. Hatfield (R)
808,152
(67%)
($671,167)
Margie Hendriksen (D)
406,122
(33%)
($257,512)
1984 primary
Mark O. Hatfield (R)
214,114
(79%)
John T. Scheiss (R)
26,848
(10%)
FIRST DISTRICT
Sherry Reynolds (R)
18,590
(7%)
Ralph H. Preston (R)
12,662
(5%)
In the northwest corner of Oregon, near the antique town of Astoria, where John Jacob Astor's
1978 general
Mark O. Hatfield (R)
550,165
(62%)
($223,874)
fur traders were the state's first white settlers, around the mouth of the Columbia River, and in
Vernon Cook (D)
341,616
(38%)
($38,976)
the coastal counties of Clatsop, Tillamook and Lincoln, the countryside still has a frontier
ambience to it: rain falls constantly on the weathered frame houses, and men in plaid flannel
jackets work in lumber mills and on docks. The towns have an unfinished look to them, as if they
Sen. Robert W. (Bob) Packwood (R)
were villages in the late 19th century, waiting for a railroad hookup or a new factory to make
of them into-one of Oregon's major cities. This land is part of the 1st Congressional District one of
Elected 1968, seat up 1992; b. Sept. 11, 1932, Portland; home,
Portland; Willamette U., B.A. 1954, N.Y.U., LL.B. 1957; Protes-
tant; married (Georgie).
been farmland-the most fertile land in the state, settled by Yankees in the middle 19th
Oregon. The -1st also includes part of the Willamette Valley south of Portland, which has long
12
century. But in recent years, areas close to Portland have had an influx of settlers from the
Career: Law clerk, OR Supreme Crt., 1957-58; Practicing atty.,
metropolitan area-people looking for wider spaces, closer access to the countryside, and a more
1959-69; OR House of Reps., 1963-69.
traditional atmosphere in which to raise their families.
Offices: 259 RSOB 20510, 202-224-5244. Also 101 S.W. Main
That is the historical 1st District, the descendant of a congressional district first established in
St., Ste. 240, Portland 97204-3210, 503-294-3448.
1892, that stretches along the lower Columbia River and almost half of Oregon's Pacific shore.
Committees: Commerce, Science, and Transportation (2d of
The newer 1st District is part of the Portland metropolitan area. It starts with the sparkling new
R). Subcommittees: Communications (Ranking Member); Foreign
downtown, with its handsome postmodern high-rises-the pyramid-crested brick KOIN Tower,
Commerce and Tourism; Surface Transportation. Finance (Rank-
the wedge-shaped Justice Center-and Victorian storefronts and transit mall with trolleys and
ing Member of 9 R). Subcommittees: International Trade; Medi-
the river walk where a freeway was torn down, on the west bank of the Willamette River. It
care and Long Term Care. Joint Committee on Taxation.
continues up through the hills that jut up just west of downtown, through Portland's most
affluent neighborhoods, with old lumber barons' mansions overlooking downtown, the river and
Mount Hood. Over those hills are the new suburbs of Washington County. Fifty years this
was a farm county, with 39,000 people; now Portland has spread out over the lowlands, ago and the
Group Ratings
tech population is about 265,000. This is an affluent area with a high-tech aura; computer and high
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
CEI
55
63
46
75
60
44
67
57
37
woodsy and even rustic, but outfitted with all the comforts and services of modern civilization-
companies have been flocking here, attracted by an environment-at the foot of mountains,
1988
40
1987
60
-
45
58
-
31
-
-
61
49
that appeals to a high-skill work force. People have started to call the area Silicon Forest.
Historically, this was mostly Republican country, and the 1st elected only Republicans to the
National Journal Ratings
House from 1892 to 1972. Then in the Watergate year of 1974 it elected Les AuCoin, a
1988 LIB 1988 CONS
1987 LIB 1987 CONS
Democrat who is one of the leaders of, and perhaps the archetypical member of, the Watergate
Economic
47%
-
48%
35%
-
64%
generation. His approach to issues is as different from that of typical labor-liberal Democrats as
Social
65%
-
34%
84%
-
13%
the 1st District is different from typical big city Democratic districts, and he has shown the
Foreign
43%
-
56%
46%
-
49%
Watergate class also in legislative skill; after one term in the Oregon state legislature he became
capacity to win elections in difficult territory and bad years for his party. He typifies the
Key Votes
AGN
5) Bork Nomination
AGN
9) SDI Funding
FOR
Washington County; his primary emphasis was not on economic issues but on non-economic
House Majority Leader. His base was not on the Democratic coast, but in high-income
1) Cut Aged Housing $
2) Override Hwy Veto
AGN
6) Ban Plastic Guns
AGN
10) Ban Chem Weaps
AGN
matters like Vietnam, Watergate and the environment.
3) Kill Plnt Clsng Notice AGN
7) Deny Abortions
AGN
11) Aid To Contras
AGN
In the 1980s, he emerged from his seat on the Appropriations Committee as one of the
4) Min Wage Increase
FOR
8) Japanese Reparations
FOR
12) Reagan Defense $ AGN
visible and fervent opponents of the Reagan Administration's foreign and defense policy. He most is
one of only two doves on the Defense Appropriations Subcommittee, and took the lead role
opposing the MX missile, for example; he is strongly opposed to aiding the Nicaraguan contrast
Rep. Les AuCoin (D)
he has argued against the loose interpretation of the 1972 ABM treaty and opposes the Strategic
Defense Initiative as "a first-strike capable offensive technology"; he criticized the Reagan
Elected 1974; b. Oct. 21, 1942, Redmond; home, Portland; Pacific
Administration bitterly for doing nothing on arms control; he infuriated Republicans by urging
U., B.A. 1969; Protestant; married (Susan).
that funds be cut from SDI and used instead for Coast Guard drug enforcement. On all these
Career: Army, 1961-64; Reporter, Portland Oregonian, 1965-
issues, he shows genuine passion plus considerable political skill. He has also taken a lead role on
66; Dir. of Public Info., Pacific U., 1966-73; OR House of Reps.,
some environmental issues: working with Senator Mark Hatfield to pass the Columbia River
1971-75, Major. Ldr., 1973-75; Admin., Skidmore, Owings, and
Merrill, architectural firm, 1973-74.
Gorge bill in 1986; helping to put together the 1984 Oregon Wilderness bill and getting it passed
over the objections of the two Oregon House Republicans; and working with Hatfield to get all
Offices: 2159 RHOB 20515, 202-225-0855. Also 860 Montgom-
but one member of the delegation to support the 1988 Scenic and Wild Rivers bill. He is one of
ery Park, 2710 N.W. Vaughn St., Portland 97210, 503-326-2901.
the most passionate opponents of restrictions on abortion-a losing position in the House.
Committees: Appropriations (22d of 35 D). Subcommittees:-De-
On economic issues, in contrast, AuCoin's views are not reflexively pro-spending. Represent-
fense; District of Columbia; Interior.
ing a port that unloads a lot of cars from Japan and ships a lot of lumber to the Far East, he is
inclined to be a free trader. He is ready to hear arguments why business needs incentives, and
has cultivated many of the business interests in his district.
For all this, AuCoin has some rough political sledding. In the late 1970s and early 1980s
Washington County and the Silicon Forest were trending Republican. That, plus the native
Group Ratings
Republican strength and simple distance from Washington, D.C. stimulated several serious
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
Republican candidacies; moreover, AuCoin with his cheeriness and his burning opposition to
ACU
NTLC
1986
95
NSI
86
COC
73
CEI
73
100
8
many of their favorite causes is just the kind of Democrat that enrages many conservative
21
1987
88
0
43
71
22
-
86
-
14
-
-
Republicans. He was held under the 60% mark, which most incumbents easily exceed, in 1974,
20
18
1976, 1982, and 1984.
National Journal Ratings
But in the late 1980s Oregon west of the Cascades, like coastal California and the burgeoning
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
suburbs around Seattle, trended Democratic. The historically Republican 1st district gave
Economic
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
57%
-
41%
49%
-
Social
50%
Michael Dukakis 51% of its votes-5% above his national average. AuCoin continued to raise
86%
-
14%
73%
-
Foreign
22%
and spend very substantial amounts of money every electoral cycle, but he had only weak
64%
-
34%
81%
-
0%
opposition in 1986 and 1988 and won easily. With his free and paid exposure on the Portland
Key Votes
television stations that cover three-quarters of the state, AuCoin is a natural to run for the
1) Homeless $
AGN
5) Ban Drug Test
AGN
Senate. But he isn't the only Oregon Democrat who has been thinking about that; so has Ron
2) Gephardt Amdt
9) SDI Research
AGN
AGN
6) Drug Death Pen
AGN
Wyden of the 3d District across the Willamette. But AuCoin, who has been working closely with
3) Deficit Reduc
FOR
10) Ban Chem Weaps
FOR
7) Handgun Sales
FOR
4) Kill Plnt Clsng Notice AGN
11) Aid to Contras
Hatfield on Appropriations matters and shares many of his strong feelings on foreign policy, has
AGN
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
AGN
said he will not run against Hatfield in 1990. He may run for the seat if Hatfield retires, or he
12) Nuclear Testing
FOR
Election Results
may seek Bob Packwood's seat in 1992.
1988 general
Les AuCoin (D)
179,915
Earl Molander (R)
(70%)
($542,224)
1988 primary
78,626
Les AuCoin (D), unopposed
(30%)
($11,741)
1986 general
Les AuCoin (D)
141,585
(62%)
Anthony Meeker (R)
($946,767)
87,874
(38%)
($492,655)
The People: Est. Pop. 1986: 562,300, up 6.7% 1980-86; Pop. 1980: 526,840, up 32.4% 1970-80.
Households (1980): 67% family, 35% with children, 58% married couples; 38.1% housing units rented;
SECOND DISTRICT
median monthly rent: $226; median house value: $68,100. Voting age pop. (1980): 387,395; 2% Spanish
origin, 2% Asian origin, 1% American Indian, 1% Black.
in the words of the WPA Guide, "walled eastern Oregon away from the humid winds, the warm
The Cascades, the string of volcanic-origin mountains that run north and south through Oregon,
rains of the coast, and turned most of the land, through countless eons of slow dehydration, into
country of drought and distances, of grim and tortured mountains and high desert a
sparsely with stunted juniper and windblown sage." The mountains made the first settlers grown "out
1988 Presidential vote:
Dukakis (D)
137,972
(51%)
circumstances made western Oregon residents into lumbermen, dairymen, fishermen, and
of sheer necessity, into cattlemen and sheepmen and 'dry' farmers, just as more benign
Bush (R)
126,763
(47%)
farmers, and-in the more populous centers-into artisans and politicians and financiers." Thus
it was 50 years ago and mostly is still today. Eastern Oregon, with 70% of the state's land, has
1013
less than 15% of its people; and if the rest of the state is perched on the Pacific Rim,
Oregon is part of the vast, mostly empty intermountain basin.
eastern
1988 Presidential vote:
Bush (R)
122,981
(54%)
All of which produces a chip-on-the-shoulder attitude, as when Neil Goldschmidt,
Dukakis (D)
98,308
(43%)
running for governor, declined to debate in Bend, the biggest city east of the Cascades, because. then
it is "the middle of nowhere." He apologized and should have, for Bend had in 1988 the nation'
Rep. Robert F. (Bob) Smith (R)
largest percentage of VCRs (74% of households had one), and it is right next door (by. western
Elected 1982; b. June 16, 1931, Portland; home, Burns; Willamette
standards) to Crook County, the one county out of more than 3,100 in the United States that has
U., B.A. 1953; Presbyterian; married (Kaye).
voted for the popular vote winner in every presidential election since its creation. Crook County
Career: Cattle rancher; OR House of Reps., 1960-72, Spkr.
is lumbering country, almost entirely white Protestants, "a red-neck, white-sock county,"
1968-72; OR Senate, 1972-82.
Mathews of The Washington Post quotes a school librarian as saying. National reporters flocked Jay
Offices: 118 CHOB 20515, 202-225-6730. Also 1150 Crater Lake
to the county seat of Prineville in 1988 to see-where the country was going. Crook County lived
Ave., Ste. K, Medford 97504, 503-776-4646.
up to its reputation by voting 52%-46% for George Bush, almost precisely the national
percentages.
Committees: Agriculture (11th of 17 R). Subcommittees: Forests,
The 2d Congressional District of Oregon covers all of the state east of the Cascades and the
Family Farms, and Energy; Livestock, Dairy, and Poultry; Wheat,
Soybeans, and Feed Grains. Interior and Insular Affairs (12th of
southernmost valley between the Cascades and the Coast Range. This is the barren land that
15 R). Subcommittees: National Parks and Public Lands; Water,
some of the first settlers of the Willamette Valley came from-and many died on the way. To
Power and Offshore Energy Resources. Select Committee On
the south, the terrain is desertlike, and mostly uninhabited. To the east, along the Idaho border
Hunger (5th of 12 R).
are the irrigated farmlands along the Snake River as it flows northwest to the Columbia, The
northern part of eastern Oregon is forested land, with occasional lumber mill towns; settlements
are sparse and separated by many miles. There are a few larger towns here-Pendleton in the
Group Ratings
northeastern wheat fields, La Grande in the rich Grande Ronde Valley, The Dalles where the
Columbia River Gorge begins, and Bend. Much of the district's population is clustered in the
ADA
ACLU
COPE
CFA
LCV
ACU
NTLC
NSI
COC
CEI
1988
5
22
southwestern corner, in an area separated from the rest by the Cascades and the once huge
14
45
19
92
81
80
86
1987
65
24
-
13
volcano whose blown-off cone is now 2,000-foot deep Crater Lake. This is lumbering and pear
21
-
64
-
-
86
64
orchard country. Medford, Ashland, Klamath Falls and Grants Pass are pleasant towns whose
National Journal Ratings
ornate Victorian houses remind you of the past.
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
The 2d District, like most of the intermountain west, is mostly Republican, and it
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
Economic
19%
-
80%
22%
-
77%
represented in the House by Bob Smith, a cattle rancher and 22-year veteran of the Oregon
Social
13%
-
84%
25%
-
73%
legislature who led the Republicans in both houses. He looks rough-hewn in his cowboy boots
Foreign
16%
-
78%
32%
-
68%
and western shirts, but he is also a skilled legislator. His proudest accomplishment was an
Key Votes
amendment to the 1988 drought relief act, limiting feed grain aid to only those farmers who
1) Homeless $
grow their own feed grain; why should the government, Smith reasoned, pay $2 billion to
FOR
5) Ban Drug Test
FOR
9) SDI Research
2) Gephardt Amdt
FOR
AGN
subsidize feed prices to those who don't grow any? Although not high in seniority, Smith may
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
3) Deficit Reduc
10) Ban Chem Weaps
FOR
-
play an important role in the Agriculture Committee on the 1989 farm bill; he claims also to
7) Handgun Sales
FOR
11) Aid to Contras
4) Kill Plnt Clsng Notice FOR
FOR
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
have opened markets for Oregon products-pears in Taiwan, beef in Japan, potatoes in South
FOR
12) Nuclear Testing
AGN
Korea. On environmental issues, Smith has consistently been rolled by western Oregon
Election Results
members; he opposed the 1984 Oregon Wilderness law and the 1988 Wild and Scenic Rivers
1988 general
Robert F. (Bob) Smith (R)
125,366
(63%)
Act, but both passed anyway, and his opposition actually seems to have helped in the 1988
Larry Tuttle (D)
($340,643)
74,700
1988 primary
(37%)
($208,513)
campaign. In 1989 he finally got a seat on Interior where he can fight further battles.
Robert F. (Bob) Smith (R), unopposed
Smith may not have been planning to go to Congress, but when Denny Smith chose to run in
1986 general
Robert F. (Bob) Smith (R)
113,566
(60%)
($323,210)
the new Willamette Valley district in 1982, the 2d was an open seat, and Bob Smith won 63% in
Larry Tuttle (D)
75,124
(40%)
($104,266)
the Republican primary. Against two spirited Democrats he has won four comfortable victories
and seems to have a safe seat. Incidentally, there is another Congressman Bob Smith, from New
Hampshire, with a similar voting record but an entirely different background and constituency.
THIRD DISTRICT
CODOR
Fifty years ago, it was known as the Rose City for its beautiful flowers on hillsides overlooking
The People: Est. Pop. 1986: 548,800, up 4.1% 1980-86; Pop. 1980: 526,968, up 34.2% 1970-80.
the Willamette River and, looming in the distance on clear days, the snowy peak of Mount Hood.
Households (1980): 75% family, 39% with children, 65% married couples; 30.5% housing units rented;
Portland, then as now, was Oregon's metropolis, with about 45% of Oregonians living in its
median monthly rent: $186; median house value: $49,900. Voting age pop. (1980): 374,066; 3% Spanish
metropolitan area. Portland was founded by New England Yankees (had a coin toss come up
origin, 1% American Indian, 1% Asian origin.
heads, it would be called Boston) and started off as a muscular blue-collar town-the place
where Oregon unloaded its supplies from the east, on the docks or in the railroad yards, and
where it shipped out Oregon's products, mainly lumber and fruit. And it still has a large blue:
sponsored set up college scholarships for students who want to go into teaching. Usually Wyden
collar population.
is always looking for issues on which he can make common cause with conservatives and
But since the late 1960s, the tone of the city has been set by younger people with white-collar
Republicans as well as younger and older Democrats. He approaches issues with almost a
jobs and liberal cultural attitudes. It is a city where the former mayor (and now governor, Neil:
childlike wonder but works out solutions that are politically shrewd and make sense as policy.
Goldschmidt) worked for an athletic shoe company; where he tore down a riverfront freeway to
Wyden's performance at the polls has been superlative. The 3d is a Democratic district; it has
make a park with summer festivals; where a transit mall runs through the downtown core and
voted Democratic for President three times in the 1980s. But Wyden surpassed all records when
you can ride the mass transit line for free; and where the current mayor, Bud Clark, a bearded
he received 86% of the vote here in 1986-the highest percentage ever won by a congressional
tavern owner and bicyclist, fired three police chiefs in two years. Portland is tolerant in its
candidate with major party opposition in Oregon's history; in 1988, he had opposition only in the
cultural attitudes, innovative in its public policies and almost religiously devoted to its
primary and won 95%-5%. Well-positioned in the House, he decided after some thought not to
environment. These attitudes may be more pronounced in the affluent hills that rise just west of
run for the Senate in 1986. But he is thought to be considering running for Mark Hatfield's seat
the Willamette River and in some of the more expensive suburbs; but they are also present on the
in 1990 or perhaps Bob Packwood's in 1992; there is .rivalry-here-with-Les-AuCoir of the
flat plains east of the Willamette, which slope exceedingly gradually toward Mount Hood, where
1st District (though AuCoin says he won't run against Hatfield), but those two Democrats could
most Portlanders are just plain folks. These attitudes are reinforced by the changing focus of the
conceivably end up as Oregon's Senators for a couple of decades as those two Republicans have.
economy here. Portland is very much aware that it is on the Pacific Rim; it lives in very large
part on foreign trade, and sees East Asians as potential customers rather than competitors. This
The People: Est. Pop. 1986: 529,300, up 0.5% 1980-86; Pop. 1980: 526,715, up 2.6% 1970-80.
is the one American million-plus metro area from which you cannot fly nonstop to Washington
Households (1980): 65% family, 33% with children, 51% married couples; 39.8% housing units rented;
or New York-but from which you can fly nonstop to Tokyo.
The 3d Congressional District of Oregon takes in all of Portland and Multnomah County east
2% Asian origin, 2% Spanish origin, 1% American Indian.
median monthly rent: $220; median house value: $56,400. Voting age pop. (1980): 394,345; 5% Black,
of the Willamette River, plus a couple of suburbs along the Willamette just to the south. These
are mostly modest-looking areas, with small houses and rows of commercial buildings on the
1988 Presidential vote:
Dukakis (D)
143,542
(61%)
main streets built in the 1950s. The population begins to thin out as you go east toward Mount
Bush (R)
89,744
(38%)
Hood; there is even a little agricultural land there. The congressman from the 3d District is Ron
Wyden, who in his twenties started off in the 1970s as director of the Oregon Gray Panthers, a
Rep. Ron Wyden (D)
militant organization for the elderly; he was, among other things, the spark behind the successful
statewide referendum to reduce the price of dentures. In 1980, he ran against the incumbent
Elected 1980; b. May 3, 1949, Wichita, KS; home, Portland;
congressman, Bob Duncan, who evidently had not kept in touch with Portland, and won with a
(Laurie). Stanford U., B.A. 1971, U. of OR, J.D. 1974; Jewish; married
solid 60%.
Wyden has a pleasant personality and a low-key style which contrasts with his aggressiveness
Career: Campaign aide to Sen. Wayne Morse, 1972, 1974; Codir.
and creativity as a legislator. He was a freshman Democrat in a Republican year, but won easily;
and Cofounder, OR Gray Panthers, 1974-80; Dir., OR Legal Svcs.
he got a seat on the Energy and Commerce Committee, which has jurisdiction over almost
for the Elderly, 1977-79; Prof. of Gerontology, U. of OR, 1976,
everything that moves, just when the aggressive and competent John Dingell became chairman;
Portland St. U., 1979, U. of Portland, 1980.
he serves on Henry Waxman's Health Subcommittee and Dingell's Investigations panel and has
Offices: 2452 RHOB 20515, 202-225-4811. Also 500 N.E. Mult-
remained on excellent terms with both even when they were fighting fiercely over the Clean Air
nomah, Ste. 250, Portland 97232, 503-231-2300.
Act. Wyden has used his committee slots shrewdly, including his chairmanship of a. Small
Committees: Energy and Commerce (14th of 26 D). Subcommit-
Business subcommittee which technically has little legislative power. Among his achievements
tees: Health and the Environment; Oversight and Investigations;
are a bill delaying access charges on single business phones, a bill imposing severe penalties for
Telecommunications and Finance. Small Business (8th of 27 D).
computer crime, a $350 million Nurse Education Act, a national data bank for disciplinary
Subcommittee: Regulation, Business Opportunities, and Energy
records of doctors, nurses and other health practitioners, making nationwide the restrictions on
(Chairman). Select Committee on Aging (16th of 39 D). Sub-
committee: Health and Long-Term Care.
dumping of medical wastes, a reservation to the U.S.-Canada Free Trade Agreement to open up
their plywood market to U.S. (especially Oregon) producers. Wyden has conducted investiga-
Group Ratings
tions of medical labs that did a slipshod job of assessing tests for AIDS and other diseases. He
has pushed the Patent Office to speed up the processing of biotechnical patent applications; he
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wants an antitrust exemption to allow small companies to join in "flexible manufacturing
90
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81
100
81
16
1987
26
0
84
43
80
21
-
networks" to get new business; he wants to experiment with letting workers take unemployment
79
-
9
-
-
14
12
benefits in a lump sum to use as seed capital for small businesses.
For the 101st Congress, Wyden wants to keep tabs on private long-term health care insurance
National Journal Ratings
policies and to see if more Medicaid dollars can be used for home care. He has a bill, supported
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
Economic
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
by the industry and environmentalists, for better tax treatment of small woodlot owners: He
60%
-
37%
Social
57%
-
40%
wants to encourage rehabilitation and sweat equity, recognizing that the biggest source of low he
64%
-
34%
Foreign
78%
-
0%
income housing is conservation of existing units rather than building new ones. A law.
64%
-
34%
76%
-
19%
Key Votes
1) Homeless $
AGN
5) Ban Drug Test
AGN
9) SDI Research
AGN
DeFazio, who moved from Washington to Springfield and won a seat on the
2) Gephardt Amdt
AGN
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
10) Ban Chem Weaps
FOR
commission, made a name for himself suing the Washington Public Power Supply System; county with
3) Deficit Reduc
FOR
7) Handgun Sales
FOR
11) Aid to Contras
AGN
what one reporter called his "sharp views and sardonic wit" he seemed similar to Weaver. But he
4) Kill Plnt Clsng Notice AGN
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
AGN
12) Nuclear Testing
FOR
navigated carefully to a 34%-33%-31% primary victory over a state senator from the Coast and
Weaver's 1984 opponent, Bruce Long, he trumpeted his opposition to unprocessed log exports.
the Eugene liberal who had lost to Senator Mark Hatfield in 1984, and in the general against
Election Results
1988 general
Ron Wyden (D).
190,684
(99%)
($287,996)
Each carried his home areas again, which was enough to produce a 54% win for DeFazio.
1988 primary
Ron Wyden (D).
84,978
(95%)
In the House, he quickly emerged as a more accomplished legislator than anyone expected.
Sam Kahl, Jr. (D)
4,790
(5%)
He was the first freshman to pass a law settling a problem involving the Cow Creek Band of
1986 general
Ron Wyden (D).
180,067
(86%)
($242,600)
Umpqua Indians. He got consumer protection provisions into the Airline Passenger Protection
Thomas Phelan (R)
29,321
(-14%)
Act which passed the-House and Senate, and was named to the conference committee
granted to graduate students for tuition waivers. Unlike Weaver, he put most of his staff into
reconciling the details of the issue. He moved to make permanent the income tax exemption
district offices and held dozens of town meetings; he also got environmentalists and timber
FOURTH DISTRICT
people talking to each other. One issue was whether to allow salvage of usable timber from the
At the southern end of Oregon's Willamette Valley, set between two buttes, is Eugene, the
100,000-acre Silver fire; DeFazio arranged a compromise that allowed lots of salvage but few
state's second largest city. White settlers first arrived in 1846, farming in the valley and cutting
new roads. With a seat on the Interior Committee, he helped to put together the Oregon Wild
timber in the hills, and in 1876, the University of Oregon was set up here-a symbol of Oregon's
and Scenic Rivers Act. Like other Oregon Democrats, he wasn't far to the left on economic
Yankee cultural ethic and of how sparsely inhabited Oregon was: there were just five students in
policy, opposing some spending programs as well as congressional pay increases above the social
the first graduating class. Thousands of miles from most Americans, this has never been a
security COLA. There is a certain feistiness about DeFazio: he was the only Pacific Northwest
thickly populated place, though it has grown steadily: Eugene and the next-door lumber mill
policy in the Persian Gulf. But he has also shown a gift for creative compromise.
Member to vote for Richard Gephardt's trade amendment, and he came out against the Reagan
town of Springfield had 25,000 people between them in 1940 and 150,000 in 1980. Lumber and
the University give this part of Oregon its special tone. Eugene has bicycle paths along the river
All this was nicely rewarded when he was reelected in 1988 with 72% of the vote; Weaver, in
banks and on main streets and likes to bill itself as the Running Capital of the Universe; the
contrast, never exceeded 60%. His only problem is the "redeye." This is probably the district
annual Bach Festival includes a Bach Run, a one-to-five kilometer dash through downtown. It is
farthest from Washington in the continental U.S. in flying time: to get back to the nation's
a place where graduate students stay on forever and where people have an almost religious
capital without losing a day, you have to drive two hours from Eugene to Portland, take a plane
enthusiasm for the environment.
then that leaves around midnight, stops at O'Hare or somewhere else in the middle of the country and
Springfield and the lumber towns to the south and over on the coast have a different
gets into Washington at something like 8:37 a.m. Taking this redeye every other weekend
preoccupation. Oregon's 4th Congressional District that includes Eugene and Springfield, the
all be year can exhaust even the healthiest and most motivated young politician, and DeFazio
valley around and to the south, and the southern half of the Oregon coast, produces more lumber
pardoned for wondering whether he hasn't spoiled his constituents by his frequent trips back may
than any other district in the nation. That means that the local economy is exceedingly sensitive
long congressional career.
home and whether he can sustain this pace over what otherwise has every prospect of being a
to interest rates and economic conditions which affect construction in the United States and-
this is the increasing market here-East Asia; the early 1980s were rough times here, the late
1980s much easier. It also means that there are arguments over how much and how timber
should be harvested and processed. Small mill workers and owners, for example, want heavy
harvesting and a ban on export of unprocessed logs. The big lumber companies want to manage
the harvest and to export unprocessed logs if there is a market for them (as there is).
Environmentalists want to limit harvest, and especially to keep timber men from building roads.
Resolving these conflicting demands is one of the things electoral politics in the 4th District is
all about. The current congressman, Peter DeFazio, a Democrat first elected in 1986, seems to
median Households (1980): 73% family, 39% with children, 63% married couples; 33.0% housing units rented;
The People: Est. Pop. 1986: 509,400, dn. 3.2% 1980-86; Pop. 1980: 526,462, up 26.9% 1970-80.
have done more to resolve them than anyone thought possible. His predecessor and onetime
origin, 1% American Indian, 1% Asian origin.
monthly rent: $208; median house value: $57,100. Voting age pop. (1980): 378,675; 2% Spanish
employer, James Weaver, a Democrat first elected in 1974 who was proud of being the grandson
of the 1892 Populist party candidate for President, took the environmentalists' side totally,
which was not unimportant because, thanks to the vagaries of seniority, he quickly became a
high-ranking member of the Interior Committee. Weaver in turn was bitterly opposed by local
lumbermen, the big companies and conservative Republicans. Still, he won routinely, and was
planning a Senate race against Bob Packwood in 1986 when he was tripped up by reports that he
had lost $80,000 in campaign funds in commodities speculation; he left the Senate race and
1988 Presidential vote:
Dukakis (D).
120,036
Bush (R)
(54%)
retired from politics.
99,085
(44%)
Elected 1986; b. May 27, 1947, Needham, MA; home, Springfield;
and an air of tolerance. In the process Salem grew
to 89,000 in 1980, in a county of 204,000.
Tufts U., B.A. 1969, U. of OR, M.S. 1977; Roman Catholic;
married (Myrnie).
The 5th Congressional District of Oregon includes much of the northern Williamette Valley.
Near Portland it has the old pioneer town of Oregon City, and part of the high-income suburb of
Career: District Ofc. Dir., Rep. James Weaver, 1977-82; Lane
Lake Oswego. In the south it includes Corvallis, home of Oregon State University. In the center
Cnty. Bd. of Commissioners, 1982-86, Chmn., 1984-86.
is Salem. Historically this was Republican country-typical of New England Yankee settle-
Offices: 1729 LHOB 20515, 202-225-6416. Also 215 S. 2d, Coos
ments. But like most of Oregon it has trended Democratic in recent years, irregularly. The
Bay 97420, 503-269-2609; P.O. Box 123, Fed. Bldg., 211 E. 7th
legislature created this district after the 1980 Census and gave Oregon a new seat expecting that
Ave., Eugene 97401, 503-687-6732; and 621 W. Madrone, Rm.
it would lean Republican. It has, but it has produced three close elections out of four.
406, P.O. Box 126, Roseburg 97470.
The congressman from this district, Denny Smith, has a political pedigree but sees himself,
Committees: Interior (23d of 26 D). Subcommittees: Mining and
mostly accurately, as a political amateur. His father, Elmo Smith, was governor in 1956-and
Natural Resources; National Parks. and. Public-Lands;-Water;
1957. Denny Smith-was an Air Force and commercial pilot and Vietnam veteran who headed his
Power and Offshore Energy Resources. Public Works and Trans-
family's newspaper chain and then ran against and upset House Ways and Means Committee
portation (20th of 31 D). Subcommittees: Aviation; Water Re-
Chairman Al Ullman in 1980. Smith's platform then and voting record since is fairly simple. He
sources.
believes in cutting, if not eliminating, every domestic government program. And he believes in
Group Ratings
spending a lot more on defense. In addition, he attacked Ullman for not owning a home in the
district and for backing a value-added tax when Oregon has always refused to have a sales tax
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90
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(as it did again by a 4 to 1 margin in a 1985 referendum; the smart thing to do in these parts is
0
25
19
1987
100
I
93
71
-
4
live and work in Washington state, which has no income tax, and shop in Oregon). Smith's 49%-
-
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20
14
47% victory was one of the big upsets of 1980 and also changed the House-and maybe the
National Journal Ratings
country. If Smith had lost, Dan Rostenkowski would not have become chairman of Ways and
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
Means, in which case he, and not Thomas Foley, would-have probably become Democratic
Economic
63%
37%
61%
-
38%
Whip 1989. and then, as Majority Leader, would have become Speaker after Jim Wright resigned in
Social
81%
-
19%
78%
-
0%
Foreign
68%
-
28%
81%
-
0%
Smith has devoted much of his attention to military issues, though he doesn't serve on the
Key Votes
Armed Services Committee. But when he sets his pilot's eye on some projects, he doesn't like
1) Homeless $
AGN
5) Ban Drug Test
AGN
what he sees. Armed with test results and testimony from military men, he launched a non-stop
9) SDI Research
AGN
2) Gephardt Amdt
FOR
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
10) Ban Chem Weaps
attack on the Army's Sergeant York antiaircraft gun, and in August 1985 Defense Secretary
FOR
3) Deficit Reduc
AGN
7) Handgun Sales
FOR
11) Aid to Contras
AGN
Caspar Weinberger scrapped it after the Pentagon spent $1.8 billion-the first time a weapons
4) Kill Plnt Clsng Notice AGN
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
AGN
12) Nuclear Testing
FOR
system in production had been scrapped in 20 years. Smith drew a bead as well at the Navy's
Aegis antiaircraft missile in 1984-several years before an Aegis on the USS Vincennes shot
Election Results
down an Iranian 747. Smith's work on weapons and testing was cited approvingly as an exercise
1988 general
Peter A. DeFazio (D)
108,483
(72%)
($279,809)
of power in Hedrick Smith's The Power Game.
Jim Howard (R)
42,220
(28%)
($58,563)
But Smith has not been converted to liberalism. On the Budget Committee, where he is now
1988 primary
Peter A. DeFazio (D), unopposed
the fourth-ranking Republican, he favors across-the-board freezes on domestic spending and
1986 general
Peter A. DeFazio (D)
105,697
(54%)
($295,654)
suggested saving money on social security COLAs. There he has sacrificed effectiveness for
Bruce Long (R)
89,795
(46%)
($333,647)
purity. On Oregon issues, Smith opposed the 1984 Oregon Wilderness and 1986 Columbia River
Gorge bills, only to see them passed over his opposition. In 1988, he supported the Wild and
Scenic Rivers Act, after gaining some concessions. He also got heavily involved in state politics
FIFTH DISTRICT
in 1988 by backing an anti-crime initiative, banning parole, probation and early release of repeat
violent offenders; Governor Neil Goldschmidt complained it would require expensive new prison
Fifty years ago Oregon's capital, Salem, had only 30,000 people; with its domeless capitol it was
places, but it passed 79%-21%.
one of several small cities in the Willamette Valley, established by the first wave of New
But while Smith was winning on that issue, he almost got blindsided in the 5th District. State
England Yankees who came here on the Oregon Trail. This was one of the few valleys which
legislator Mike Kopetski, a former congressional staffer, was running an active organizational
settlers to the West found that nature had already made suitable for agriculture. California's
campaign, and Michael Dukakis was running about even in the district. The graduate student
great valleys depend on irrigation; so does the cultivation of wheat in eastern Washington. But
proletariat around Corvallis disliked Smith for his unapologetic conservatism. And during
things grow in the Willamette Valley without much man-made help. The soil is fertile, the plain
October, Marilyn Wilson, wife of the owner of the Soloflex exercise equipment company, ran a
created by the waters of the Willamette sweeping down from the Cascades and the Coast Range
$150,000 independent expenditure campaign of ads against Smith showing, for example, a
are broad, and the rains everyone hears about in Oregon are dependable most of the year. These
schoolchild getting a small slice of pie and a cigar-smoking, sunglass-wearing general getting a
assets made this good farming country for years; more recently it has attracted young people
huge piece. Smith called the ads vicious and claimed the Wilsons were leading activists for
liberalized drug laws. Kopetski carried Corvallis with nearly 60% and ran just ahead of Dukakis;
Election Results
Smith ended up, after a recount, winning by 707 votes.
But Smith seemed unfazed. The job does not seem to have a psychological hold on him; back
1988 general
Denny Smith (R)
111,489
(50%)
Mike Kopetski (D)
($559,616)
in 1982, when Oregon got its fifth House seat, he could have chosen to run in the much more
110,782
(50%)
1988 primary
Republican 2d District and won handily. He chose the 5th because he lives in Salem, though he
Denny Smith (R), unopposed
($351,806)
1986 general
Denny Smith (R)
could have easily moved. He has been mentioned as a candidate for statewide office, though he
125,906
(60%)
Barbara Ross (D)
($312,236)
82,290
has said he won't run for governor in 1990 and won't run against one of the state's two
(40%)
($87,129)
Republican Senators. If Mark Hatfield should retire in 1990 or Bob Packwood in 1992,
however, Smith might very well go for it.
The People: Est. Pop. 1986: 547,900, up 4.1% 1980-86; Pop. 1980: 526,120, up 41.1% 1970-80.
PENNSYLVANIA
Households (1980): 74% family, 40% with children, 63% married couples; 32.4% housing units rented;
median monthly rent: $207; median house value: $62,100. Voting age pop. (1980): 375,567; 2% Spanish
origin, 1% Asian origin, 1% American Indian.
Fifty years ago Pennsylvania was, as its nickname noted, the Keystone State. It was the nation's
1988 Presidential vote:
Bush (R)
121,553
(50%)
major producer of energy at a time when almost all industry was fueled and most homes were
Dukakis (D)
116,348
(48%)
heated with coal. It was also the nation's most important heavy manufacturing state, with its
huge steel plants and small foundries, and one of its chief transportation hubs: the home of the
Rep. Denny Smith (R)
Pennsylvania Railroad (the nation's largest) and the pathway through which passed most of the
Elected 1980; b. Jan. 19, 1938, Ontario; home, Salem; Willamette
freight traveling between the interior of the country and the Atlantic. "Today, the mention of
U., B.A. 1961; Baptist; divorced.
Pennsylvania probably calls up, first of all," wrote the WPA Guide 50 years ago, "a picture of an
Career: Air Force, 1958-67; Pilot/Flight Engineer, Pan-Am Air-
industrial commonwealth, with belching blast furnaces, labor problems, and all the spectacular
ways, 1967-76; Chmn., family newspaper chain, 1976-present.
features of an industrial civilization." The Guide points out that Pennsylvania still had many
fertile farming regions and quaint Pennsylvania Dutch and Quaker remnants, but it concedes
Offices: 1213 LHOB 20515, 202-225-5711. Also P.O. Box 13089,
that more typical were regions "where the plow no longer turns the furrow but has been
4035 12th St. S.E., Ste. 40, Salem 97309, 503-399-5756.
permanently laid aside for the hydraulic drill. Fields no longer tilled have been gutted by quarry
Committees: Budget (4th of 14 R). Task Forces: Community
or mine shaft, and mountains have surrendered their wealth of coal and iron."
Development and Natural Resources; Defense, Foreign Policy and
This was not the future that seemed likely to the men who voted the Declaration of
Space; Economic Policy, Projections and Revenues. Interior and
Insular Affairs (5th of 15 R). Subcommittees: Energy and the
Independence and drafted the Constitution in 1776 and 1787 in Philadelphia, a city which, with
Environment; Water, Power and Offshore Energy Resources
43,000 people, was America's first city, and a state which had a fair claim to being its first state.
(Ranking Member).
Pennsylvania was one of the newer colonies, founded 50 years after the Puritans established New
England and 70 years after the settlement of the first of the Chesapeake tobacco colonies,
Virginia. Under the benevolent rule of the Penns and with its Quaker traditions, Pennsylvania
soon became the major settlement in the Middle Colonies: its tolerance attracted Englishmen of
Group Ratings
all sects and Germans as well. Its vast and available farmlands west to the first Appalachian
ridge attracted thousands of yeoman farmers, and poor Scots-Irish farmers were crossing the
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83
corduroy-like ridges and settling the mountainous interior where Braddock had been beaten by
1987
4
-
7
14
—
95
100
89
the French and Indians not long before and where George Washington would lead troops again
-
-
when the Whiskey Rebellion flared up a decade later. On the banks of a wide estuary, with its
National Journal Ratings
thriving commerce and rich hinterland, Philadelphia seemed destined to be the London of
America, the capital and metropolis and academy all rolled into one.
1988 LIB - 1988 CONS
1987 LIB - 1987 CONS
Economic
7%
-
91%
0%
89%
But history took a few unexpected turns. Philadelphia and Pennsylvania have remained
-
Social
0%
95%
10%
85%
among the most important American cities and states, but they have not occupied the central
-
-
Foreign
0%
-
84%
27%
-
73%
position the Founding Fathers expected. The nation's capital went to the Potomac, as part of a
political deal, rather than to the Delaware. The Appalachian chains stalled the early develop-
Key Votes
ment of transportation arteries west from Philadelphia, while New Yorkers were building the
1) Homeless $
FOR
5) Ban Drug Test
FOR
9) SDI Research
AGN
Erie Canal and the water-level railroad line which became the New York Central. By 1830,
2) Gephardt Amdt
AGN
6) Drug Death Pen
FOR
10) Ban Chem Weaps
AGN
Philadelphia was eclipsed by Washington in government and New York in commerce, and
3) Deficit Reduc
AGN
7) Handgun Sales
FOR
11) Aid to Contras
FOR
rivaled by Boston in culture.
4) Kill Plnt Clsng Notice FOR
8) Ban D.C. Abort $
FOR
12) Nuclear Testing
AGN
Pennsylvania in the 19th century became instead the energy and heavy industry capital of
agud
America. The key was coal: northeast Pennsylvania was the nation's primary source of