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Originally Processed With FOIA(s):
FOIA Number:
2005-0336-F
2005-0336-F
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This is not a textual record. This is used as an
administrative marker by the George Bush Presidential
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George H.W. Bush Presidential Records
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Science and Technology Policy, Office of (OSTP)
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Van Cleave, Michelle, Files
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Telecommunications Files
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Joint Telecommunications Resource Board Telecommunication Authorities
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TELECOMMUNICATIONS
AUTHORITIES
Table of Contents
1.
Use of Presidential War Emergency Powers over National
Telecommunications Resources
2.
Section 706, Communications Act of 1934
3.
EO 12472
4.
JTRB SOP
5.
JTRB Response and Coordination Procedures
6.
National Plan for Telecommunications Support in Non-Wartime
Emergencies
7.
NSDD 97
8.
EO 12382 NSTAC
9.
EO 12046 1978 OTP
10.
National System for Emergency Coordination
1
ACTION: COMM-01--USE PRESIDENTIAL WAR EMERGENCY POWERS OVER
NATIONAL TELEOOMMUNICATION RESOURCES
Responsible Agency: Office (OSTP) of Science and Technology Policy
Policy Official: Director, OSTP
Date of Paper: 29 May 1986
Program Official: Manager, National Communications System (NCS)
Act PURPOSE: of 1934 To use Section 706, "War Powers of President,' of the Communications
President of the United States, during times of emergency or war, to the
(47 United States Code Section 151, et seq.). This allows
extraordinary in order management or control over national telecomunication resources exercise
normally provided by or available from individual commercial suppliers or
to meet requirements for telecommunication services beyond those
government agencies.
RELEVANT CONDITIONS: The President's various war emergency
peril, proclamation of a state or threat of war involving the US or a state of public
security only (1) during war involving the US or (2) upon presidential
telecommunications may be used to meet the needs of national powers defense over and/or
permit disaster, the or other national emergency. The war emergency also
threatened President during war to use US armed forces to powers actual or
communication, than if required in the public interest. The President may use more
physical obstruction or retardation of interstate prevent and foreign
one of the war emergency powers at a time.
BACKGROUND:
Legislative history and previous uses of Section 706.
World War I caused Congress to recognize a need for the President
other assume control of commercial and private telephone, telegraph, radio, and to
electrical history, such control was necessary to "insure the continuous operation of
telecomunication systems during wartime. According to congressional
prevent July communications between public enemies. (House Report 4
communicating systems, to guard the secrecy of war dispatches, and
(40 Stat 1918). Hence, Congress passed Public Resolution No. 38, 65th Congress 65-741,
President. Communications Act of 1934, which now conveys similar authority to the 706
of President. the Congress looked in part to this law in later drafting Section
904, 16 July 1918), granting authority for such control to the
Postmaster General as his agent to take possession of and control the
Under Public Resolution No. 38, the President in 1918 designated the
operation intrastate of telephone and telegraph companies, including even the over setting of
rates. The President's power to exercise such control
challenges State of based upon state police power. See Dakota Cent. Telephone Co.
intrastate and private telecomunication services withstood a series over of legal
425 Southwestern Bell Telephone Co. V. Public Service Commission, 233 S.W. ex
V. rel. Service Commission, 111 Wash. 130, 188 P. 7 (1920); and State
Public South Dakota ex rel. Payne, 250 U.S. 163, 39 S.Ct. 507 (1919); State V.
(Mo. Sup. 1921).
granted similar powers over radio communications again to the President
Although this law was repealed later in 1919, Congress subsequently
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through the Communications Act of 1934. The Act was amended in 1942 to bring
such wire communications as telephone and telegraph systems also once again
within the presidential war emergency powers. Congressional thinking
recognized that comprehensive presidential control over telecommunications
could be pivotal in war or national emergencies. Furthermore, according to
Congress,
the difficulty of predicting wartime needs, the great
number of [wire communications] companies in the field, and
the necessity of swift action in emergency situations makes
it essential that authority be granted to the Executive for
the taking of immediate and appropriate measures without
having to negotiate the transaction and procure the assent of
the companies. [House Report No. 77-1546 (18 December 1942),
at 3.]
The same rationale probably led President Franklin D. Roosevelt on 6 March
1942 to delegate the exercise of his war emergency powers to the Defense
Communications Board. (Reference: Executive Order No. 9089, included at
Appendix H.) However, the Board never acted under the war emergency powers
but instead served merely as an interface with a cooperative telephone
industry.
President Harry S. Truman next acted under the war emergency powers on 10
December 1951, during the Korean War. He delegated to the Federal
Communications Commission (FCC) limited authority to minimize the use of radio
stations which could aid enemy navigation. (Reference: Executive Order No.
10312, included at Appendix H.) The FCC never exercised the war emergency
powers, presumably because the war was limited to a foreign theatre and caused
no major destruction of domestic assets.
Current significance of Section 706. Section 706 still is an important
presidential tool, due largely to the fact that the federal government is
heavily dependent upon commercial communications. Approximately ninety-five
percent of the telecommunication services in the continental US and 50 percent
overseas are provided for the federal government by commercial carriers.
Non-wartime emergencies. Managing telecommunication resources during
civil and non-wartime emergencies is the shared responsibility of the member
organizations of the Joint Telecommunications Resources Board (JTRB). See
"Alternate Levels of Implementation, below.
Restoration Priority System. Because the federal government relies
primarily upon commercial providers for telecommunications required for
national defense and crisis response, the National Communications System
(NCS)1 (see footnotes at Appendix A) and Federal Communications Commission
(FCC) have jointly promulgated a Restoration Priority (RP) System which
prioritizes, during both peacetime and crisis, the restoration of critical
federal telecommunication circuits. (Reference: 47 Code of Federal
Regulations Section 211, et. seq.) The RP System is one of the mechanisms by
which the NCS assists the President, National Security Council, and Director
of the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) in the (1) exercise of
their respective national security emergency preparedness (NSEP)
responsibilities and (2) coordination of the planning for and provision of
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federal government NSEP telecommuncations under all circumstances, including
emergency, attack, or war. The Manager, NCS, monitors the status of critical
situations which could develop into emergencies or major disasters, provides
recommendations concerning telecommunication resources and national
priorities, and maintains working relationships with commercial
telecommunication service providers through the National Coordinating Center
(NCC). 2 (See footnotes at Appendix A.) The federal government,
telecommunications industry, and NCC use the "NSEP Telecommunications
Procedures" (June 1985) to guide their activities with respect to provisioning
and restoration of NSEP telecommunication services. (An NSEP
Telecommunication Services Priority System is currently under development to
replace the RP System.)
However, when national defense and security call for more pervasive
control over telecommunications resources, Congress intended for the President
to use war emergency powers under Section 706 of the Communications Act of
1934.
ALTERNATE LEVELS OF IMPLEMENTATION:
a. Use of War Emergency Powers under Section 706. Presidential war
emergency powers may be divided into the following five categories, each
having its own conditions precedent for use. More than one power may be
exercised contemporaneously, as long as conditions precedent for each power
are satisfied.
(1) War Emergency Powers under Subsection 706(c): All Radio
Communications.
During periods of (a) war involving the US, (b) threat of war
involving the US, (c) state of public peril or disaster or other national
emergency, or (d) a need to preserve the neutrality of the US: The President
may suspend or amend FCC-prescribed rules and regulations applicable to any or
all stations or devices capable of emitting electromagnetic radiations within
the jurisdiction of the US. Such stations and devices include those involved
in radio, microwave, and satellite links; other telecmmmunication services
whose transmission paths are not confined to wire or cable; and such other
electromagnetic services as radar. 3 (See footnotes at Appendix A.) This
section does not pertain to telephone exchange or other services which use
solely undersea, fiber optic, or metal cable.
Other conditions precedent:
(a) The President must find the action necessary for national
defense or security.
(b) The President must issue a proclamation that (i) war
involving the US; (ii) threat of war involving the US; or (iii) state of
public peril or disaster or other national emergency, as applicable, exists.
(c) No such proclamation is necessary if the war emergency
powers are being used solely in response to a need to preserve the neutrality
of the US. In such a case, however, the President must at the least determine
the existence, and is advised to proceed as well with a proclamation, of a
need to preserve the neutrality of the US. [Reference: 47 United States Code
Subsection 706(c).]
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Note: Additional presidential war emergency powers may be
exercised over stations or devices capable of emitting electromagnetic
radiations within the standards set out in paragraph (2) below. Note, also,
the prevailing technological tendency to utilize both wire/cable and
electromagnetic radiating stations and devices in providing a single
telecommunications service. As a result, presidential war emergency power,
broader than is allowed under this section alone, may be exercised over the
wire/cable portion of such a service under Subsection 706(d), as described in
paragraph (3) below. Thus, use of this portion of Subsection 706(c) should be
accompanied by simultaneous use of Subsection 706(d).
(2) War Emergency Powers under Subsection 706(c): Radio
Communications between 10 KiloHertz and 100,000 MegaHertz.
During periods of a) war involving the US, (b) threat of war
involving the US, (c) state of public peril or disaster or other national
emergency, or (d) a need to preserve the neutrality of the US: The President
may cause the closing of, removal of apparatus and equipment from, or
authorize US governmental use or control of any station for radio
communication or any device capable of emitting electromagnetic radiations
between 10 kiloHertz and 100,000 megaHertz which is suitable for use as a
navigational aid beyond five miles. Such stations and devices include
commercial and public broadcast television stations; amateur and citizen band
radio sets; and MUSAK broadcast systems; as well as radio, laser, and sonar
devices designed primarily for navigational purposes. 3 (See footnotes at
Appendix A.)
Other conditions precedent:
(a) The President must find the action necessary for
national defense or security.
(b) The President must issue a proclamation that (i) war
involving the US; (ii) threat of war involving the US; or (iii) state of
public peril or disaster or other national emergency, as applicable, exists.
(c) No such proclamation is necessary if the war emergency
powers are being used solely in response to a need to preserve the neutrality
of the US. In such a case, however, the President must at the least determine
the existence, and is advised to proceed as well with a proclamation, of a
need to preserve the neutrality of the US. [Reference: 47 United States Code
Subsection 706(c).]
Note, as above, the prevailing technological tendency to utilize
both wire/cable and electromagnetic radiating stations and devices in
providing a single telecommunications service. As a result, presidential war
emergency power, broader than is allowed under this section alone, may be
exercised over the wire/cable portion of such a service under Subsection
706(d), as described in paragraph (3) below. Thus, use of this portion of
Subsection 706(c) should also be accompanied by simultaneous use of Subsection
706(d).
4
(3) War Emergency Powers under Subsection 706(d): All Wire
Communications.
During periods of a) war, or (b) threat of war, involving the
US: The President may suspend or amend FCC-prescribed rules and regulations
applicable to, cause the closing of or removal of apparatus and equipment
from, or authorize US governmental use or control of any or all facilities or
stations for wire communications within US jurisdiction. Such facilities and
stations include those used to provide such services as telephone, telegraph,
and datafax. 3 (See footnotes at Appendix A.)
Other conditions precedent:
(a) The President must find the action necessary for
national defense and security.
(b) The President must issue a proclamation that war or
threat of war involving the US, as applicable, exists. [Reference: 47 United
States Code Subsection 706(d).]
Note, as above, the prevailing technological tendency to utilize
both wire/cable and electromagnetic radiating stations and devices in
providing a single telecommunications service. As a result, wire/cable
services frequently interconnect with microwave or satellite links, which
qualify for treatment only under Subsection 706(c) above. Thus, use of this
subsection, 706(d), should always be accompanied by the simultaneous use of
Subsection 706(c).
(4) War Emergency Powers under Subsection 706(a): All
Telecommunications.
During a war involving the US: The President may direct that
communications essential to national defense and security have preference or
priority with any commercial or governmental carrier. The President may issue
such orders directly, through designated persons, or through the Federal
Communications Commission (FCC).
Other conditions precedent:
(a) The President must find the action necessary for national
defense and security.
(b) The required state of war is a position reached either by
a Congressional declaration of war under Article 1, Section 8, Clause 11 of
the US Constitution or by a direct attack on the US. [Reference: 47 United
States Code Subsection 706(a).]
(5) War Emergency Powers under Subsection 706(b): Interstate or
Foreign Telecommunications.
During a war involving the US: The President may use the armed
forces to prevent actual or threatened physical obstruction or retardation of
interstate or foreign communication.
Other conditions precedent:
(a) The President must find the action required in the public
interest.
5
(b) The required state of war is a position reached either by
a Congressional declaration of war under Article 1, Section 8, Clause 11 of
the US Constitution or by a direct attack on the US. [Reference: 47 United
States Code Subsection 706(b).]
b. Emergency Communications Management Short of Using Presidential War
Emergency Powers under Section 706. Crises and emergencies with significant
telecommunications implications, yet where presidential war emergency powers
under Section 706 have not been or cannot be used, may be referred for action
either to the FCC or Joint Telecommunications Resources Board (JTRB).
(1) The Director, Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP)
chairs the JTRB. The following organizations, represented by the officials
noted, are Board members: Department of Defense, by the Assistant Secretary
for Command, Control, Communications and Intelligence; Department of Commerce,
by the Assistant Secretary for Communications and Information; General
Services Administration, by the Commissioner, Information Resources Management
Service; Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), by the Assistant
Associate Director for Information Resources Management; FCC, by the Defense
Commissioner; and National Communications System (NCS), by the Manager.
(Reference: Section 2(b), Executive Order 12472, 49 Fed. Reg. 67, 5 April
1984)
(2) Such crises and emergencies include (a) emergencies and major
disasters declared by the President; (b) extraordinary situations declared by
FEMA; and (c) critical situations having potential to develop into
emergencies, major disasters, or extraordinary situations declared by the
President or FEMA. (Reference: JTRB Standard Operating Procedures, July 1985)
(3) Federal departments and agencies will report information
regarding such crises or emergencies to the NCS/Defense Communications Agency
(DCA) Operations Center (OC), National Coordinating Center (NCC), FEMA
Emergency Information Coordinating Center (EICC), or other federal agency
operations centers as necessary. (Reference: JTRB Standard Operating
Procedures, July 1985)
(4) The Manager, NCS and Director, FEMA will evaluate the
information and consult as necessary with the FCC, NCS Executive Agent
(Secretary of Defense) and NCS Committee of Principals. If necessary, the
Manager, NCS and Director, FEMA will report the information to the chairman,
JTRB and White House Crisis Management Center. When needed, the Chairman,
JIRB will provide advice and refer the information for action to the
President, Board members, and other necessary agencies. Such action may
include reprioritizing the restoration of telecommunications services;
implementing emergency telecommunications procedures; implementing federal
recovery operations under the Disaster Relief Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 5121 et.
seq.); establishing priorities regarding, and forcing acceptance and
performance of, certain telecommunication contracts, and allocating
telecommunications equipment and materials, under the Defense Priorities and
Allocation System (50 United States Code Appendix Sections 2071-2073,
2151-2157, 2159, and 2163); or merely monitoring potential and actual
emergency situations using the resources of the NCC and FEMA EICC. The
National Security Council will advise and assist the President in coordinating
any such action within the federal government. (Reference: Section 2b,
Executive Order 12472, 5 April 1984)
6
AUTHORITIES: See Appendix F.
EXPECTED BENEFITS: The primary benefit would be permitting the President to
take immediate and necessary measures affecting commercial telecommunication
services without having to negotiate the transaction or procure the assent of
the affected telecommunications companies. This would enhance the national
ability to ensure security, priority, and continuous operation of war- or
emergency-related telecommunication services; permit improved response to
emergency conditions; and contribute to continuity of government.
EXPECTED COSTS: These include, first, financial costs associated with (a)
personnel and administrative responsibilities incurred in the course of
government management or control of commercial telecommunication companies and
(b) compensating affected commercial telecommunications companies for the
value of services rendered or appropriated; second, possible degradation of
telecommunications support to civil and private sectors; third, possible
exposure to (a) lawsuits based on alleged infringement of state police power
and (b) liability under the Federal Tort Claims Act (28 United States Code
Sections 1291, 1346, 1402, 2401, 2402, 2411, 2412, 2671, et. seq.) for
compensating telecommunications company customers or employees injured while
the affected companies endure federal control; and, fourth, burdening the
Executive Branch with responsibility for national telecommunications
management, for which it may be under-equipped and ill-trained.
DECISION PROCESS:
a. The JIRB and/or Director, OSTP will determine that (1) existing FCC
and JTRB authorities are not adequate to satisfy the telecommunication needs
of national defense and/or security, (2) federal control or protection of
telecommunication assets (including commercial, private, and/or intrastate) is
necessary, and (3) conditions precedent to such federal control or protection,
as prescribed in Section 706 (see "Alternate Levels of Implementation," above)
have been or will soon be met. The Director, OSTP will normally make this
determination in coordination with the Executive Agent, NCS; Chairman/Defense
Commissioner, FCC; and other JIRB members, as necessary.
b. The Director, OSTP will coordinate his determination with the
Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs. He will also
provide a recommendation to use part or all of the war emergency powers, and
any other advice and assistance concerning exercise of the war emergency
powers, to the National Security Council.
C. The President will adopt or reject the recommendation.
IMPLEMENTATION PROCESS:
a. The President will issue a proclamation or declaration of war or other
national emergency in accordance with the National Emergencies Act (50 United
States Code Section 1601, et. seq.). The President must specify in the
proclamation, declaration, or associated executive order the specific
provisions of Section 706 under which action is proposed. Any such
proclamation, declaration, or executive order must eventually be published in
the Federal Register and transmitted to Congress. (Reference: 50 United
States Code Section 1631) In addition, the Executive Branch will transmit to
the Congress all significant orders of the President and rules and regulations
7
issued by executive agencies pursuant to such a presidential proclamation,
declaration, or executive order, promptly and with appropriate
confidentiality. [Reference: 50 United States Code Section 1641(b).]
b. In the alternative, Congress may declare war. If so, the President
should specify in an executive order the power(s) being exercised under the
authority of Section 706 of the Communications Act of 1934. Note, however,
that a literal reading of Section 706 and pertinent provisions of the National
Emergencies Act would allow the President, in the event of such a
congressional declaration of war, to employ the war emergency powers
enumerated in subsections 706(a) and (b) without such an executive order.
(Reference: 47 United States Code Section 706 and 50 United States Code
Section 1641) In either case, the Executive Branch must transmit to the
Congress all significant orders of the President and rules and regulations
issued by executive agencies during or pursuant to any presidentially or
congressionally declared war or emergency, promptly and with appropriate
confidentiality. [Reference: 50 United States Code Section 1641(b).]
c. After the President issues such a proclamation or executive order
specifying the proposed action (or, in the case of congressional declaration
of war, upon presidential direction), the Director, OSTP will direct the
exercise of the presidential war emergency powers, except for Subsection
706(b). The President has delegated to the OSTP the responsibility for so
acting. (Reference: Section 2(a) (2), Executive Order 12472, 5 April 1985)
d. The Executive Agent, NCS and Chairman/Defense Commissioner, FCC will
advise and assist the Director, OSTP concerning the exercise of the war
emergency powers. (Reference: 47 Code of Federal Regulations Section 202.3)
e. The Manager, NCS will also assist the Director, OSTP by reporting the
status of national telecommunication services, providing recommendations with
respect to telecommunication resources and national priorities, and giving
guidance to government organizations as authorized. (Reference: Paragraph
2.4.2.c, National Coordinating Center Operating Charter, 9 Oct 1985)
f. The National Coordinating Center will serve as a central contact and
mechanism for the Manager, NCS to assist the Director, OSTP in directing use
of national telecommunication resources to meet NSEP service requirements.
(Reference: Paragraph 4.2.3, National Coordinating Center Operating Charter,
9 Oct 1985)
RELATED ACTIONS:
a. If necessary, the President or Congress will declare war under the
Constitution of the US or proclaim a national emergency under the National
Emergencies Act. (Reference: 50 U.S.C. 1601, et. seq., and Major Emergency
Action Paper GO-01, "Declare a National Emergency.")
b. The Director, OSTP must ascertain just compensation for any use or
control of telecomunication resources affected under the war emergency
powers. On behalf of the President, he will certify the amount to Congress
for appropriation and payment to the persons or entities entitled.
(Reference: Subsection 706(e), 47 United States Code; and Section 2(a) (2),
Executive Order No. 12472.)
8
C. Federal organizations may act pursuant to the Defense Priorities and
Allocation System to effect the (1) rescheduling of production of important
defense telecommunications items ahead of other production and (2) allocation
of scarce resources to the production of highest-priority defense and
essential civilian telecommunication materials, equipment and services.
(Reference: 15 Code of Federal Regulations Part 350 and Major Emergency
Action Paper IP-01, "Expand and Enforce the Defense Priorities and Allocation
System (DPAS).]
d. The President is responsible for maintaining a file and index of all
significant presidential orders, including executive orders and proclamations,
issued during any presidentially or congressionally declared emergency or
war. Each executive agency will maintain a file and index of all rules and
regulations issued during such emergency or war pursuant to such
declarations. (Reference: 50 United States Code Section 1641(a) and Major
Emergency Action Paper IP-01, "Expand and Enforce the Defense Priorities and
Allocation System (DPAS).]
APPENDICES:
A. Footnotes
B. Examples of Current Telecommunication Technologies
Subject to Presidential War Emergency Powers
C. Information Requirements (To be provided.)
D. Benefits and Costs (To be provided.)
E. Implementation Outline (To be provided.)
F. List of Authorities
G. Texts of Selected Authorities
(1) Section 706 of the Communications Act of 1934
(2) Executive Order No. 12472
(3) Standard Operating Procedures of the Joint
Telecommunications Resources Board
H. Examples of Standby Documents Employed during Previous Uses of Section
706
(1) Executive Order No. 9089
(2) Executive Order No. 10312
I. Standby Documents
(1) Proposed executive order prescribing use of
presidential or emergency powers pursuant to
presidential proclamation (To be provided.)
(2) Proposed executive order prescribing use of
presidential war or emergency powers pursuant to
congressional declaration (To be provided.)
9
APPENDIX A: FOOTNOTES
¹The NCS consists of the telecommunications assets of the entities
represented on the NCS Committee of Principals and an administrative structure
entailing an Executive Agent (the Secretary of Defense), Committee of
Principals, and Manager. The entities represented on the Committee are those
federal organizations, designated by the President, leasing or owning
telecommunication facilities or services, or having policy, regulatory, or
enforcement responsibilities, of significance to NSEP telecommunications. By
direction of the Executive Office of the President, the organizations
currently on the Committee of Principals are: Central Intelligence Agency,
Department of Agriculture, Department of Commerce, Department of Defense,
Department of Energy, Department of Interior, Department of Justice,
Department of State, Department of Transportation, Department of Treasury,
Federal Emergency Management Agency, General Services Administration, National
Aeronautics and Space Administration, National Security Agency, National
Telecommunications and Information Administration, Organization of the Joint
Chiefs of Staff, US Information Agency, and Veterans Administration. The
Federal Communications Commission, Federal Reserve System, Nuclear Regulatory
Commission, and US Postal Service are participating independent agencies.
2The NCC is a joint industry-government operation staffed by representatives
from 12 telecommunications industy entities and the NCS. These entities are
involved in responding to the federal NSEP telecommunications service
requirements and support planning for a more endurable national and
international NSEP telecommunications capatility. The NCC's mission is to
assist in the initiation, coordination, restoration, and reconstitution of
NSEP telecommunication services and facilities.
3See Appendix B for a more detailed listing of current technology in this
category.
APPENDIX B:
EXAMPLES OF CURRENT TELECOMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES
SUBJECT TO PRESIDENTIAL WAR EMERGENCY POWERS
Amateur radio facilities (including independents and Military Affiliate
Radio System (MARS) affiliates; fixed station and mobile equipment)
See Notes 1 and 2
Aircraft navigational radio equipment and systems (including Federal
Aviation Administration radio and radar systems)
See Notes 1 and 2
Aircraft verbal communication equipment and systems (including
air-to-ground radio telephone links for on-board personnel)
See Notes 1, 2, and 3
Cellular radio equipment and systems
See Note 3
Citizen band radio equipment and systems (including vehicular mounts
and base stations)
See Note 2
modulation (AM and FM) transmission equipment)
Commercial radio stations (including both amplitude and frequency
See Notes 1 and 2
Commercial television stations
See Note 2
Educational, training, and other private television and radio stations
(including university and college stations and equipment)
See Note 2
Experimental transmission devices with possible application as
guidance systems or navigation aids (including radio, laser, and sonar)
See Notes 1, 2, and 3
Mobile radio equipment and systems
See Note 3
MUSAK broadcast equipment and systems
See Note 2
Paging system transmitters and associated devices
See Notes 1 and 2
Private microwave systems and equipment
See Notes 1 and 3
Public broadcast television stations
See Note 2
Note 1: These are stations or devices capable of emitting electromagnetic radiations and falling under the
presidential war emergency powers described in Subsection 706(c) of the Communications Act of 1934. See page 3
of main text.
Note 2: These are stations or devices for radio communication or capable of emitting electromagnetic radiations
between 10 kiloHertz and 100,000 megaHertz which are suitable for use as navigation aids beyond five miles.
They fall under the presidential war emergency powers described in Subsection 706(c) of the Communications Act
of 1934. See page 4 of main text.
Note 3: These are facilities or stations for wire communications which fall under the presidential war
emergency powers described in Subsection 706(d) of the Communications Act of 1934. See page 5 of main text.
2
$ 606. War powers of President
(a) During the continuance of a war in which the United States
Director,OSTP Director
is engaged, the President is authorized, if he finds it necessary for
the national defense and security, to direct that such communica-
tions as in his judgment may be essential to the national defense and
security shall have preference or priority with any carrier subject
to this chapter. He may give these directions at and for such times
as he may determine, and may modify, change, suspend, or annul
them and for any such purpose he is authorized to issue orders di-
rectly, or through such person or persons as he designates for the
purpose, or through the Commission. Any carrier complying with
any such order or direction for preference or priority herein au-
thorized shall be exempt from any and all provisions in existing
law imposing civil or criminal penalties, obligations, or liabilities
upon carriers by reason of giving preference or priority in compli-
ance with such order or direction.
(b) It shall be unlawful for any person during any war in which
the United States is engaged to knowingly or willfully, by physical
force or intimidation by threats of physical force, obstruct or re-
tard or aid in obstructing or retarding interstate or foreign com-
munication by radio or wire. The President is authorized, whenever
in his judgment the public interest requires, to employ the armed
forces of the United States to prevent any such obstruction or re-
394
Ch. 5
MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
47
$,606
tardation of communication: Provided, That nothing in this section
shall be construed to repeal, modify, or affect either section 17 of
Title 15 or section 52 of Title 29.
(c) Upon proclamation by the President that there exists war or
OSTP
a threat of war, or a state of public peril or disaster or other national
emergency, or in order to preserve the neutrality of the United States,
the President, if he deems it necessary in the interest of national
security or defense, may suspend or amend, for such time as he may
see fit, the rules and regulations applicable to any or all stations
or devices capable of emitting electromagnetic radiations within the
jurisdiction of the United States as prescribed by the Commission,
and may cause the closing of any station for radio communication,
or any device capable of emitting electromagnetic radiations between
10 kilocycles and 100,000 megacycles, which is suitable for use as
a navigational aid beyond five miles, and the removal therefrom of
its apparatus and equipment, or he may authorize the use or control
of any such station or device and/or its apparatus and equipment, by
any department of the Government under such regulations as he may
prescribe upon just compensation to the owners. The authority
granted to the President, under this subsection, to cause the closing
of any station or device and the removal therefrom of its apparatus
and equipment, or to authorize the use or control of any station or
device and/or its apparatus and equipment, may be exercised in the
Canal Zone.
(d) Upon proclamation by the President that there exists a state
or threat of war involving the United States, the President, if he
OSTP
deems it necessary in the interest of the national security and de-
fense, may, during a period ending not later than six months after
the termination of such state or threat of war and not later than
such earlier date as the Congress by concurrent resolution may des-
ignate, (1) suspend or amend the rules and regulations applicable
to any or all facilities or stations for wire communication within
the jurisdiction of the United States as prescribed by the Commission,
(2) cause the closing of any facility or station for wire communica-
tion and the removal therefrom of its apparatus and equipment, or
(3) authorize the use or control of any such facility or station and
its apparatus and equipment by any department of the Government
under such regulations as he may prescribe, upon just compensation
to the owners.
(e) The President shall ascertain the just compensation for such
OSTP
use or control and certify the amount ascertained to Congress for
appropriation and payment to the person entitled thereto. If the
amount so certified is unsatisfactory to the person entitled thereto,
such person shall be paid only 75 per centum of the amount and
shall be entitled to sue the United States to recover such further
395
47 $ 606 WIRE OR RADIO COMMUNICATION
Ch. 5
sum as added to such payment of 75 per centum will make such
amount as will be just compensation for the use and control. Such
suit shall be brought in the manner provided by paragraph 20 of
section 41 of Title 28, or by section 250 of Title 28.
(f) Nothing in subsection (c) or (d) of this section shall be con-
strued to amend, repeal, impair, or affect existing laws or powers of
the States in relation to taxation or the lawful police regulations of
the several States, except wherein such laws, powers, or regulations
may affect the transmission of Government communications, or the
issue of stocks and bonds by any communication system or systems.
(g) Nothing in subsection (c) or (d) of this section shall be con-
strued to authorize the President to make any amendment to the
rules and regulations of the Commission which the Commission
would not be authorized by law to make; and nothing in subsection
(d) of this section shall be construed to authorize the President to
take any action the force and effect of which shall continue beyond
the date after which taking of such action would not have been au-
thorized.
(h) Any person who willfully does or causes or suffers to be done
any act prohibited pursuant to the exercise of the President's author-
ity under this section, or who willfully fails to do any act which he
is required to do pursuant to the exercise of the President's authority
under this section, or who willfully causes or suffers such failure,
shall, upon conviction thereof, be punished for such offense by a fine
of not more than $1,000 or by imprisonment for not more than one
year, or both, and, if a firm, partnership, association, or corporation.
by fine of not more than $5,000, except that any person who commits
such an offense with intent to injure the United States, or with in-
tent to secure an advantage to any foreign nation, shall, upon con-
viction thereof, be punished by a fine of not more than $20,000 or by
imprisonment for not more than 20 years, or both. June 19, 1934,
c. 652, Title VI, $ 606, 48 Stat. 1104; Jan. 26, 1942, c. 18, §§ 1, 2, 56
Stat. 18; Dec. 29, 1942, c. 836, 56 Stat. 1096; July 25, 1947, c. 327, I 1,
61 Stat. 449; Oct. 24, 1951, c. 553, §§ 1, 2, 65 Stat. 611.
Historical Note
References is Text. Paragraph 20 of
which might be useful to as enemy for
section 41 and section 250 of Title 28. re-
navigational purposes.
ferred to in subsec. (e), were repealed by
Act June 25, 19+8, eb. 6+6, I 30, 02 Stat.
Subsec. (b). Act Oct. 24, 1951, I 2, added
SO?, and are now covered by sections 1346,
subsec. (b).
1+01, M01. 1503, 2401, 2402. and 2501 of Title
21, Judiciary and Judicial Procedure.
1942 Amendment. Subsec. (d). Act Jan.
26, 1942, I 1. added subsec. (d). Former
1951 Amendment. Bubsec. (e). Act
subsec. (d) redesignated (e).
net. 24. 1951, I 1, clarified the scope of
the President's powers to use, control.
Subsec. (e). Act Jan. 28, 1942, I & re-
and close radio facilities of all kinds designated former subsec. (d) as (e).
396
JOINT TELECOMMUNICATIONS
RESOURCES BOARD (JTRB)
STANDARD OPERATING
PROCEDURES
THE OFFICE OF O OFFICE SCIENCE POLICY UNITED AND STATES
JANUARY 18, 1989
PREPARED BY
THE OFFICE OF THE MANAGER
NATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM
8TH & SOUTH COURTHOUSE ROAD
ARLINGTON, VA 20305-2010
JOINT TELECOMMUNICATIONS
RESOURCES BOARD (JTRB)
STANDARD OPERATING
PROCEDURES
AND SECUTIVE UNITED POLICY SCIENCE THE OFFICE OF OF OFFICE THE
JANUARY 18, 1989
PREPARED BY
THE OFFICE OF THE MANAGER
NATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM
8TH & SOUTH COURTHOUSE ROAD
ARLINGTON, VA 20305-2010
STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES
FOR
JOINT TELECOMMUNICATIONS RESOURCES BOARD
I. Background
a. By Executive Order No. 12046, Relating to the Transfer
of Telecommunications Functions, March 27, 1978, the Director of
the Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) was assigned
the responsibility for preparing to direct the exercise of the
President's war power functions contained in Section 606 of the
Communications Act of 1934, as amended. Existing Federal
emergency plans (e.g., Federal Emergency Plan D, Annex C-XI)
have also recognized OSTP's responsibility and designated the
Director, OSTP, as the Nation's telecommunications resource
manager under conditions of wartime emergency. Executive Order
12472, "Assignment of National Security and Emergency
Preparedness Telecommunications Functions," April 3, 1984,
reaffirmed that the Director, OSTP, is responsible for directing
the exercise of the Section 606 Presidential war powers. Under
conditions in which the President's war emergency powers
(formerly Section 606 and now Section 706) have been invoked,
there is a visible single authority for telecommunications
resource management that is clearly assigned the responsibility
for serving as the authoritative channel of emergency
telecommunications information and advice to the President.
b. There are, however, a range of non-wartime situations
that do not justify the exercise of the President's war powers
under Section 706 of the Communications Act of 1934 or the
implementation of Federal Emergency Plan D, but yet require
response by the Federal Government and, therefore, Executive
Office of the President attention and direction. Such
situations include:
(1) Presidentially-declared emergencies and major
disasters;
(2) Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) -declared
extraordinary situations; and
(3) Critical situations which have the potential for
developing into emergencies/major disasters,
extraordinary situations, or national emergencies.
FEMA has established an Integrated Emergency Management System
concept to provide a consistent management structure across the
continuum of emergency situations.
C. Executive Order No. 12472, Section 2 (b) assigns specific
non-wartime emergency telecommunication functions to the
1
National Security Council and the Director of the Office of
Science and Technology Policy as follows:
"(b) Non-Wartime Emergency Functions.
(1) The National Security Council shall:
a. Advise and assist the President in coordinating the
development of policy, plans, programs and standards within
the Federal Government, and by State and local governments,
private industry and volunteer organizations upon request,
to the extent practicable and otherwise consistent with law,
during those crises or emergencies in which the exercise of
the President's war power functions is not required or
permitted by law; and
b. Provide policy direction for the exercise of the
President's non-wartime emergency telecommunication
functions, should the President so instruct.
(2) The Director of the Office of Science and Technology
Policy shall provide information, advice, guidance and
assistance, as appropriate, to the President and to those
Federal departments and agencies with responsibilities for
the provision, management, or allocation of
telecommunication resources, during those crises or
emergencies in which the exercise of the President's war
power functions is not required or permitted by law;
(3) The Director of the Office of Science and Technology
Policy shall establish a Joint Telecommunications Resources
Board (JTRB) to assist him in the exercise of the functions
specified in this subsection. The Director of the Office of
Science and Technology Policy shall serve as chairman of the
JTRB; select those Federal departments, agencies, or
entities which shall be members of the JTRB; and specify the
functions it shall perform."
d. A White House Memorandum, dated January 19, 1988,
establishes Presidential approval of a National System for
Emergency Coordination (NSEC). Its purpose is to provide
timely, effective, and coordinated assistance to State and local
governments in extreme catastrophic technological, natural, or
other domestic emergencies of national significance. When the
NSEC is activated, the Federal Government's response to major
domestic crises will be consistent with current emergency plans,
and will use existing domestic and national security crisis
information and management systems.
e. The NSEC establishes functional groups at the national
level to support and coordinate relief operations, assess
problems, propose solutions and facilitate resolution of
2
specific emergency functional needs. A Telecommunications
Functional Group is one of the interagency functional groups
which could be activated, depending on the nature of the crisis.
The NSEC assigns responsibility for the Telecommunications
Functional Group to the Office of Science and Technology
Policy/National Communications System.
II. Purpose
a. The Joint Telecommunications Resources Board is hereby
established to assist the Director, OSTP, in the exercise of
those non-wartime emergency telecommunication functions assigned
by E.O. 12472 and to support the OSTP/NCS as the Telecommunica-
tions Functional Group within the NSEC as prescribed by White
House Memorandum dated January 19, 1988. The Board will serve
as the deliberative and recommending body for the Executive
Office of the President, and ultimately the President, thereby
providing a cohesive process for ensuring the provision of
necessary telecommunications information and advice to them, and
facilitating concerted timely decisionmaking and execution of
assigned emergency responsibilities by individual Federal
entities under the overall guidance of the President and the
Director, OSTP.
b. As required, the JTRB may also be convened to act in
support of major Federal exercises or to consider non-wartime
emergency telecommunication policies and procedures.
III. References
a. Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 151 et seq.), as
amended.
b. Executive Order 12472, Assignment of National Security
and Emergency Preparedness Telecommunications Functions, April
3, 1984 (49 Fed. Reg. 13471).
C. White House Memorandum, National System for Emergency
Coordination, January 19, 1988 (the NSEC Charter).
IV. Applicability and Scope of Responsibility
a. The provisions of this procedure are applicable to all
Federal entities with non-wartime emergency telecommunications
management responsibilities.
b. The JTRB's basic role is to monitor potential or actual
telecommunications emergency situations that pose significant
threats to telecommunication facilities or services, and
situations that may create the need for extraordinary
telecommunication support, and to function as the
Telecommunications Functional Group when the NSEC is activated.
3
Extraordinary telecommunications support is defined as being
those requirements for services or responses that are beyond the
normal procedures and/or capabilities of individual commercial
carriers or government agencies. The type of situations that
might result in activation of the JTRB include:
(1) telecommunications damage or congestion as a
result of major disasters (e.g., hurricanes,
tornadoes, floods, earthquakes, earth slides,
blizzards, tidal waves, etc.) or critical
situations (e.g., fires, explosions, epidemics,
civil disturbances, escaping lethal gases, power
blackouts, etc.) ;
(2) major failures or disruptions of overseas
transmission systems (ocean cables, satellites,
earth stations) or the interruption or drastic
reduction in telecommunication services to foreign
countries beset by major disasters, emergencies,
or internal problems;
(3) regional or national situations where unusual
events or reports create public concern or
confusion to the extent that abnormal
telecommunications traffic patterns or congestion
develop for an extended period;
(4) cases of known, suspected, or attempted sabotage
of major telecommunication installations or
facilities, or major industry work stoppages with
the potential to significantly affect
telecommunication operations; and
(5) significant curtailments in service on government
telecommunication networks or facilities due to
technical or operational problems, traffic
situations, etc.
(6) extreme catastrophic technological, natural, or
other domestic emergencies of national
significance in response to which the President
has activated the NSEC.
C. In the execution of its basic role, the JTRB will be
supported by the National Communications System organizational
structure utilizing the resources of the National Communications
System (NCS)/Defense Communications Agency (DCA) Operations
Center (OC), the National Coordinating Center (NCC), the Federal
Emergency Management Agency's National Emergency Coordination
Center/National Network Operations Center (NECC/NNOC), and other
Federal agency operation centers as necessary.
4
d. When functioning as the NSEC Telecommunications
Functional Group, the JTRB may also be supported by Regional
Functional Groups authorized under the NSEC charter. It is
envisioned that the regional functional groups for
telecommunications will be organized and function in accordance
with the procedures established in the National Plan for
Telecommunications Support in Non-Wartime Emergencies.
?
V. Functions
a. The JTRB will, as a minimum, perform the following
general functions:
(1) as requested, review information submitted to the
Chairman, JTRB, and the White House Situation
Support Staff (WHSSS), evaluate response and
support requirements, and provide recommendations
to appropriate Executive Office officials;
(2) facilitate the concerted exercise of non-wartime
emergency telecommunication authorities and
responsibilities by individual Federal entities;
(3) advise and assist in the resolution of competing
demands for telecommunication services, and any
necessary service reprioritizations resulting from
specific non-wartime emergency situations
including competing government and private sector
requirements; and
(4) meet at the call of the Chairman, JTRB, during
non-emergency situations to support major Federal
exercises or to consider non-wartime emergency
telecommunication policies and procedures;
(5) as the Interagency Functional Group for
Telecommunications within the NSEC, evaluate and
make recommendations regarding risk assessments,
contingency and emergency planning priorities,
external liaison and situation assessments,
information needs and required actions.
b. To execute these general functions, to support the
operations of the WHSSS, and to provide the necessary
information to the president, Vice-President, National Security
Council, and Office of Science and Technology Policy, the JTRB
and those Federal entities with non-wartime emergency
telecommunications management responsibilities shall also
implement the following information exchange process:
5
(1) General
(a) The NCS/DCAOC, the NCC, the FCC, and the FEMA
NECC/NNOC will be the primary focuses for reports
on any of the continuum of telecommunications
emergency events described herein. The Manager,
NCS, the Defense Director, FCC, and the Director,
FEMA, will ensure that all information regarding
potential and/or actual emergency situations with
significant telecommunication implications is
brought to the attention of the WHSSS and the
Chairman, JTRB, in a coordinated manner.
(b) The FCC will ensure that the views and
concerns of private sector telecommunication
entities are conveyed to the Director, OSTP, and
the JTRB, and will articulate private sector
interests in situations where there are competing
private sector and Government requirements.
(c) This process will permit effective monitoring
of potential and actual emergency situations by
the WHSSS and JTRB and facilitate the undertaking
of any Federal emergency responses needed beyond
those already being carried out by responsible
agencies as part of their established emergency
response procedures.
(2) Reporting/Notification
(a) All Federal departments and agencies
experiencing severe telecommunications network or
system events or receiving information regarding
potential or actual emergency situations with
significant telecommunication implications are to
forward this information to the NCS/DCAOC.
Primary sources of this information, in addition
to the agency telecommunications management
organizations are the NCC and the FEMA NECC/NNOC.
(b) The Manager, NCS, the Defense Director, FCC,
and the Director, FEMA, will evaluate the
information received from Federal operating
elements and other sources and determine, based on
the notification criteria described below, whether
the telecommunication implications are significant
enough to warrant concurrent notification of the
Chairman, JTRB, and the WHSSS. As appropriate,
the Chairman will notify members of the Board.
6
(3) Notification Criteria/Thresholds
Upon receipt of information regarding potential or
actual telecommunications emergency situations,
the Manager, NCS, the Defense Director, FCC, and
the Director, FEMA, where appropriate in
consultation with each other, the NCC, and the
FEMA NECC/NNOC, will evaluate situations in terms
of whether (a) they pose significant threats to
telecommunication facilities or services; or (b)
they create a need for extraordinary
telecommunication support. Examples of situations
that could be judged to pose significant threats
to telecommunication facilities or services or
create a need for extraordinary telecommunications
support are those enumerated in paragraph IV b. of
this Procedure.
(4) Information to Support Notifications
(a) Initial Situation Report. Initial reports to
the Chairman, JTRB, and to the WHSSS will convey
the minimum essential information to permit
assessment of the potential or actual threat or
extraordinary telecommunication requirements posed
by the situations and to facilitate any Federal
response. It is anticipated that such minimum
essential information would include:
1. type and extent of emergency, disaster, or
extraordinary situation;
2. location or area the emergency, disaster, or
extraordinary situation is expected to cover;
3. anticipated time of emergency, disaster, or
extraordinary situation;
4. local actions being taken in the
telecommunications area; and
5. possible support required.
(Note: This information is to be transmitted
either by voice, message, or electronic media.
Permanent record of such transmissions will be
maintained by the NCS/DCAOC, the NCC or the FEMA
NECC/NNOC, as appropriate.)
(b) Status Reports. Following initial notifications,
the Manager, NCS, the Defense Director, FCC, and the
Director, FEMA, will provide brief update reports, as
7
warranted by further developments, to the Chairman,
JTRB, and, when so requested by the Chairman, to other
members of the JTRB or the WHSSS.
(c) Additional Information Requirements. Requirements
for additional information will be initiated directly
by the Chairman, JTRB, or through the WHSSS, to the
Manager, NCS, the Defense Director, FCC, and/or the
Director, FEMA.
VI. Membership
a. As prescribed by Section 2 (b) (3) of E.O. 12472 and the
NSEC charter, the Director, OSTP, shall chair the JTRB and serve
as the NSEC National Coordinator if designated by the President
under NSEC provisions.
b. The Director, OSTP, has selected the following Federal
entities to serve on the JTRB, and has requested that they be
represented thereon by the noted officials;
(1) Department of Defense (DoD), by the Assistant
Secretary for Command, Control, Communications and
Intelligence;
(2) Department of Commerce (DoC), by the Assistant
Secretary for Communications and Information;
(3) General Services Administration, by the
Commissioner, Information Resources Management Service;
(4) Federal Emergency Management Agency, by the
Assistant Associate Director for Information Resources
Management;
(5) Federal Communications Commission, by the Defense
Director; and
(6) National Communications System, by the Manager.
8
JOINT TELECOMMUNICATIONS
RESOURCES BOARD (JTRB)
INTERIM
RESPONSE AND COORDINATION
PROCEDURES
STATES AND EXPLUTIVE UNITED POLICY SCIENCE OFFICE OFTHE OF OF OFFICE THE OFTHE
FEBRUARY 11, 1988
PREPARED BY
THE OFFICE OF THE MANAGER
NATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM
8TH & SOUTH COURTHOUSE ROAD
ARLINGTON, VA 20305-2010
JOINT TELECOMMUNICATIONS
RESOURCES BOARD (JTRB)
INTERIM
RESPONSE AND COORDINATION
PROCEDURES
THE OFFICE OF 10 OFFICE THE SCIENCE POLICY UNITED AND
FEBRUARY 11, 1988
PREPARED BY
THE OFFICE OF THE MANAGER
NATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM
8TH & SOUTH COURTHOUSE ROAD
ARLINGTON, VA 20305-2010
JOINT TELECOMMUNICATIONS RESOURCES BOARD (JTRB)
INTERIM
RESPONSE AND COORDINATION PROCEDURES
I. Introduction
A. Purpose. The purpose of this document is to define
procedures by which telecommunications resource information is
coordinated and shared among JTRB members in responding to
non-wartime crisis or emergency situations.
B.
Scope. These procedures are limited to the
relationships among the JTRB members.
II. Authorities
A. Executive Order (E.O.) 12472. E.O. 12472, April 3,
1984, "Assignment of National Security and Emergency Preparedness
Telecommunications Functions," established a National
Communications System comprised of the telecommunication assets
of NCS members. Section (b) addresses non-wartime emergency
functions and directs the Director, Office of Science and
Technology Policy (OSTP) to establish a Joint Telecommunications
Resources Board (JTRB) to assist him in carrying out his
non-wartime emergency telecommunication functions.
B. JTRB Standard Operating Procedures. The JTRB Standard
Operating Procedures (SOP) were approved on July 24, 1985, and
define the background, purpose, authorities, applicability and
scope of responsibility, functions, and membership of the JTRB.
C. OSTP Memorandum, July 30, 1984. The Director, OSTP, in
establishing the JTRB, selected those departments, agencies, or
entities which comprise the membership of the Board, and
designated selected officials and alternates to serve as
representatives. The membership of the JTRB is as follows:
Director, Office of Science and Technology Policy
(Chairman);
Department of Defense (DoD), by the Assistant Secretary
for Command, Control, Communications, and Intelligence;
Department of Commerce (DOC), by the Assistant Secretary
for Communications and Information;
1
General Services Administration (GSA), by the
Commissioner, Information Resources Management Service;
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), by the
Assistant Associate Director for Information Resources
Management;
Federal Communications Commission (FCC), by the Defense
Director; and
National Communications System (NCS), by the Manager.
D. National Plan for Telecommunications Support in Non-
Wartime Emergencies. The "National Plan for Telecommunications
Support in Non-Wartime Emergencies," September 1987, serves as a
basis for planning and for utilization of national
telecommunication assets and resources in support of non-wartime
telecommunication emergencies, or in other extraordinary
situations, including those covered by the Disaster Relief Act of
1974 (PL 983-288).
III. Concept of Operations
A. The responsibility to respond to non-wartime crisis and
emergency situations resides with those individual Federal
organizations assigned national security emergency preparedness
(NSEP) missions. Each Federal organization will plan for and
take such action as required to meet its mission responsibilities
given the nature of the non-wartime crisis or emergency
situation.
B. Day-to-day monitoring will be accomplished through the
Office of the Manager, NCS/National Coordinating Center
(OMNCS/NCC) and the FEMA National Emergency Coordinating
Center/National Network Operations Center (NECC/NNOC). When a
major disaster, emergency, or extraordinary situation occurs,
response will be in accordance with the "National Plan for
Telecommunications Support in Non-Wartime Emergencies."
C. The JTRB will monitor such non-wartime crisis or
emergency situations in order to assess the impact on
telecommunication resources. Such assessment will be for the
purpose of assisting in providing extraordinary
telecommunications support. Extraordinary telecommunications
support is defined as meeting those requirements for
telecommunication services or management actions that are beyond
the normal procedures and/or capabilities of individual
commercial carriers or government organizations.
D. The JTRB will meet at the call of the Chairman to
consider the need for Federal Government action in response to a
non-wartime crisis or emergency situation. When required, the
2
JTRB will assist in resolving competing demands for
telecommunication services, telecommunication policy issues, and
any necessary service reprioritizations resulting from
non-wartime emergency situations.
IV. Roles and Responsibilities
A. The Director, OSTP - will:
(1) Evaluate the information provided by the OMNCS and
FEMA to assess the impact on national telecommunication
resources.
(2) Provide policy direction for the exercise of the
President's non-wartime emergency telecommunication functions.
(3)
Provide information, advice, guidance, and
assistance to the President and to those Federal departments and
agencies with responsibilities for the provision, management, or
allocation of telecommunication resources during non-wartime
situations.
(4)
Provide recommendations to the President and
appropriate officials within the Executive Office of the
President (EOP).
(5) Convene the JTRB as necessary.
B. FEMA NECC/NNOC - will:
(1) Monitor potential or actual crisis or emergency
situations that may or do have an impact on national
telecommunication resources.
(2)
Report such situations to the OMNCS/NCC when
circumstances warrant.
(3) Send to all JTRB members information copies of all
situation reports sent to the OMNCS/NCC.
(4) Coordinate with the Deputy Manager, NCC on all such
situations before reporting to the Director, OSTP.
C. OMNCS/NCC - will:
(1) Monitor potential or actual crisis or emergency
situations that may or do have an impact on national
telecommunication resources.
(2) Report to the Director, OSTP on such situations
when circumstances warrant.
3
(3) Send to all JTRB members information copies of all
situation reports sent to the Director, OSTP.
(4)
Coordinate with the FEMA NECC/NNOC on all such
situations reported to the Director, OSTP.
(5) Provide administrative and staff support to the
JTRB.
V. Information Exchange Process. Exhibit 1 depicts the means
by which information is exchanged and coordinated between the
OMNCS/NCC, the NCS/DCAOC, and the FEMA NECC/NNOC and the White
House Situation Room. Solid lines indicate a direct reporting
responsibility while dashed lines indicate a coordination
function.
EXHIBIT 1
INFORMATION EXCHANGE PROCESS
PRESIDENT
WHITE HOUSE
SITUATION
DIRECTOR, OSTP
JTRB
ROOM
DIRECTOR, FEMA
MANAGER, NCS
FEMA
NCS/DCA-OC
NCC
NECC/
NNOC
4
A. All Federal Organizations - will:
(1) Monitor and assess all situations that have the
potential for or actually have an impact on telecommunication
networks or systems.
(2) Report such situations to the OMNCS via the NCC or,
during non-duty hours, its alternate, the NCS/DCAOC.
NCC:
Commercial:
(202) 746-1300
FTS:
(202) 746-1300
AUTOVON
286-1300
Secure FAX
557-5012
Non-Secure FAX
03026-577-2185
NCS/DCAOC:
Commercial:
(202) 692-2714
FTS:
(202) 692-2714
AUTOVON:
222-2714
(3)
Concurrently, report on such situations to the
Director, FEMA via the NECC/NNOC
NECC/NNOC: Commercial:
(202) 566-1600, ext. 3016
FTS:
(202) 566-1600, ext. 3016
AUTOVON:
380-3016
Secure FAX
02113-(202) 566-1037
Non-Secure FAX
300-380-5238
B. The OMNCS/NCC - will:
(1) Receive and evaluate all reports from other Federal
organizations.
(2) Ensure that the FEMA NECC/NNOC receives copies of
such reports.
(3) Obtain the status of commercial telecommunication
services from the NCC telecommunications industry members.
(4) Make a recommendation to the Manager, NCS on the
need to advise the Director, OSTP of such situation(s) being
reported.
(5) If deemed necessary by the Manager, NCS report to
the Director, OSTP in accordance with the reporting format
contained in Annex A. Provide a copy of such report(s) to all
JTRB members and the White House Situation Room when so directed
by the Director, OSTP.
(6) Coordinate such actions with the FEMA NECC/NNOC.
5
(7) Provide additional information on the situation to
the Director, OSTP and JTRB members as circumstances warrant.
(8)
If the situation requires the resolution of
competing demands for telecommunication services, and/or service
reprioritizations, the NCC will prepare a decision package for
presentation to the Chairman, JTRB and/or the full Board.
C. The FEMA NECC/NNOC - will:
(1) Ensure that the NCC has received reports from other
government organizations, particularly those impacting or
potentially impacting telecommunication resources.
(2)
Obtain the status of Federal, State, and local
government telecommunication services that may be or have been
impacted by the situation.
(3) Coordinate such action with the NCC.
(4) Provide additional information as required to the
NCC for follow-on reports.
6
ANNEX A
JOINT TELECOMMUNICATIONS RESOURCES BOARD
REPORT FORMAT
TO:
DIRECTOR, OSTP
FROM:
MANAGER, NCS, NCC
SUBJECT: Telecommunications Situation Report
1. Report Number
2.
(Type and extent of emergency, disaster, or extraordinary
situation.)
3. (Location or area the emergency, disaster, extraordinary
situation is expected to cover.)
4. (Anticipated or actual time of emergency, disaster, or
extraordinary situation occurrence.)
5. (Local actions being taken in the telecommunications area by
industry and government.)
6. (Evaluation of additional support requirement(s).
NOTES: 1. This information is to be compiled from reports
received from other Federal organizations, and/or the
telecommunications industry, and coordinated with
information received from the FEMA NECC/NNOC.
2. The report is to be transmitted either by voice,
message, or electronic media. A permanent record of
such transmissions will be maintained by the NCC.
7
4698
- THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
July
CHRON
',
July 15, 1985
MEMORANDUM FOR THE HONORABLE CASPAR W. WEINBERGER
Executive Agent for the National
Communications System (NCS)
SUBJECT:
National Plan for Communications Support in
Emergencies and Major Disasters
Pursuant to Executive Order 12472, the Director of the Office of
Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) has established the Joint
Telecommunications Resources Board to assist in the exercise of
the President's non-wartime emergency telecommunications
functions. To support national security emergency preparedness
(NSEP) telecommunications, the Manager, National Communications
System (NCS) has also activated the National Coordinating Center
for Telecommunications and the Federal Emergency Management
Agency has deployed a mobile emergency communications system.
In view of these recent enhancements to our NSEP telecommunica-
tions capabilities and with the future operations of a CHOSUN
terminal in the NCS/NCC, it is requested that the Manager, NCS,
in coordination with OSTP and the Joint Telecommunications
Resources Board, update the National Plan for Communications
Support in Emergencies and Major Disasters, dated July 1983, as
necessary to reflect these developments. The revised plan
should reflect the National Telecommunications Management System
concept which was developed to support continuity of government
programs. The General Services Administration should also
continue to provide the NCS Regional Emergency Communications
Coordinators for both emergency communications planning and
operations. The emergency communications capabilities and
assets of all NCS organizations should be reviewed and
considered to support the plan.
The revised plan should be submitted to the National Security
Council for review by December 1, 1985.
FOR THE PRESIDENT:
Roberts Robert C. Mckarlane
CC: George Keyworth
Director, OSTP
SYSTEM II
90809
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
August 8, 1983
MEMORANDUM FOR THE VICE PRESIDENT
THE SECRETARY OF STATE
THE SECRETARY OF DEFENSE
THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE
THE SECRETARY OF TRANSPORTATION
THE SECRETARY OF ENERGY
THE SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE
THE SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY
THE SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR
THE ATTORNEY GENERAL
THE CHAIRMAN, JOINT CHIEFS OF STAFF
THE CHAIRMAN, FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION
THE ASSISTANT TO THE PRESIDENT FOR POLICY DEVELOPMENT
THE DIRECTOR, OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY
THE DIRECTOR, FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
THE DIRECTOR, CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE
THE DIRECTOR, UNITED STATES INFORMATION AGENCY
THE DIRECTOR, OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET
THE DIRECTOR, NATIONAL SECURITY AGENCY
THE MANAGER, NATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM
THE ADMINISTRATOR, GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION
THE ADMINISTRATOR, FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION
THE ADMINISTRATOR, NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE
ADMINISTRATION
SUBJECT:
Unclassified Version of NSDD-97
The general goals of the Administration's national security
telecommunications policy must be disseminated and understood by all
relevant federal agencies if effective planning is to occur. To
facilitate this, the President has approved a declassified version of
NSDD-97, National Security Telecommunications Policy. Agencies are
encouraged to distribute this directive to their telecommunication
planning offices.
Although the document is unclassified, it retains its "For Official
Use Only" caveat.
FOR THE PRESIDENT:
William P. Clark
Attachment
NSDD-97
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
COPY 15 24 COPIES
SYSTEM II
90809
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
August 3, 1983
NATIONAL SECURITY DECISION
DIRECTIVE NUMBER 97
(UNCLASSIFIED VERSION)
NATIONAL SECURITY TELECOMMUNICATIONS POLICY
The nation's domestic and international telecommunications
resources, including commercial, private, and government-owned
services and facilities, are essential elements in support of U.S.
national security policy and strategy. A survivable telecommunica-
tions infrastructure able to support national security leadership is
a crucial element of U.S. deterrence. National security leadership
requirements are those embodied in the President's responsibilities
as Commander in Chief, Head of State, and Chief Executive; those
requirements include, but are not limited to, the ability for:
gathering intelligence and conducting diplomacy;
ensuring continuity of command and control of military
forces; and
providing for continuity of government and essential
functions thereof.
It must be manifestly apparent to a potential enemy that the U.S.
ability to maintain continuity of command and control of all
military forces, and conduct other essential national leadership
functions cannot be eliminated by a nuclear attack. If deterrence
fails, the national telecommunications infrastructure must possess
the functional characteristics of connectivity, redundancy, inter-
operability, restorability, and hardness necessary to provide a
range of telecommunications services to support these essential
national leadership requirements. Planning and resource allocation
must occur to provide for facilities and systems able to assure
essential telecommunications in a stressed environment. Proper
implementation of this policy will also improve the nation's overall
emergency preparedness posture.
OBJECTIVES: To fulfill these requirements, the nation's telecom-
munications capabilities should be developed or improved, and
implementing procedures established, to provide for:
support for the vital functions of worldwide intelligence
collection and diplomacy;
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
COPY 15 n. 24 COPIES
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
a reliable and enduring threat assessment capability;
assured connectivity between the National Command
Authority and military forces;
support of military mobilization as directed by the
President; and
continuity of government during and after crisis
situations and recovery of critical national functions
following crisis situations.
PRINCIPLES: In support of these objectives, the following policy
principles are established:
A survivable and enduring national telecommunications
capability is required. It should be composed of
government, commercial, and private facilities, systems,
and networks, and include the specific automated
information processing resources which are embedded in, or
support, the component telecommunications facilities and
systems and their associated data bases.
Many national security leadership telecommunications
requirements depend upon dedicated government systems.
There will also be continued reliance upon government,
commercial, or private telecommunications resources for
critical government-wide telecommunications during crisis
situations.
Telecommunications to support national security leadership
requirements are essential and have priority in the
initiation, operation, and restoration of services and
facilities during periods of international tension, threat
of war, wartime, and following the cessation of hostili-
ties.
An enduring and survivable control mechanism, to include
minimum orderwire communications, must be established and
operated to direct and manage the initiation, coordination,
restoration, and reconstitution of telecommunications
services and facilities required in support of national
security leadership requirements.
Functionally similar government telecommunications networks
and facilities should be designed to provide the ability
to rapidly and automatically interchange traffic in
support of national security leadership requirements.
Future government and commercial facilities should take
into account the requirement to locate outside of likely
nuclear target areas to the extent financially and
technically feasible.
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
2
COPY 15 24
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
Commercial satellite telecommunications resources should
be enhanced to support the objectives of this directive.
The objectives of this directive shall be applied to
telecommunications facilities and services serving the
U.S. abroad.
Telecommunications enhancements undertaken pursuant to
this directive shall provide realistic improvement to the
telecommunications capability that currently exists.
IMPLEMENTATION: A Steering Group consisting of the Director, Office
of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP), the Executive Agent of the
National Communications System (NCS), the Associate Director of the
Office of Management and Budget (OMB) for National Security and
International Affairs, and chaired by the Assistant to the President
for National Security Affairs, or his representative, is established.
This Steering Group shall:
oversee this directive and ensure its implementation. It
shall provide guidance to the Manager, NCS concerning all
activities consistent with this directive;
approve initiatives to be undertaken to enhance national
security telecommunications capabilities pursuant to this
directive;
address, in consultation with relevant operating agencies,
the delegation of funding and implementation responsi-
bilities for approved telecommunications enhancement
initiatives consistent with this directive;
on a continual basis, review the status of the NCS,
including authorities and membership criteria, and
recommend to the President changes in existing NCS
authorities or membership essential to support the
objectives of this directive;
approve the establishment of working groups necessary to
assist in the implementation of this directive;
monitor the ongoing activities of the National Security
Telecommunications Advisory Committee (NSTAC), and ensure
that the objectives and principles of this directive are
addressed. In this respect, it shall provide guidance to
the Chairman of the NSTAC through the Designated Federal
Official;
confer, when appropriate, with the Emergency Mobilization
Preparedness Board (EMPB) and the Director, Federal
Emergency Management Agency, concerning issues of mutual
interest; and
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
3
15
24
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
with Presidential approval, amend or revise the objectives
and/or principles contained herein as national security
needs require.
The Manager, NCS, shall:
consult with and take direction from the Steering Group
regarding the implementation of this directive;
ensure the development, in conjunction with NCS operating
agencies, of plans to fulfill the principles and
objectives stated in this directive, including an overall
telecommunications architecture and timetable;
function as the overall coordinator, in consultation with
the designated implementing agency, for each initiative
approved by the Steering Group pursuant to this directive;
ensure that all relevant activities in support of this
policy directive are fully coordinated with the Executive
Agent and all NCS principals;
develop, for review by the Steering Group, overall budget
profiles regarding approved initiatives and related
activities;
develop plans, in consultation with the NSTAC, for an
effective mechanism to manage and control the initiation,
coordination, restoration, and reconstitution of existing
commercial telecommunications services and facilities to
support national security telecommunications leadership
requirements;
consult with the FCC, as appropriate, concerning this
directive; and
prepare annually, or as otherwise directed, a written
report to the Steering Group on the progress of approved
initiatives, including an assessment of the resources that
will be required to attain the objectives of this directive.
The National Security Telecommunications Advisory Committee shall:
provide to the President and the Executive Agent, NCS,
information and advice from the perspective of the
telecommunications industry with respect to the implemen-
tation of this policy directive and periodically report to
the President, through the Assistant to the President for
National Security Affairs, and the Secretary of Defense in
his capacity as Executive Agent for the NCS, and
serve as a forum, when appropriate, for joint industry and
government planning to support this directive.
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
4
15 24
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
All Departments and Agencies shall:
incorporate the provisions of this policy directive when
modifying their current telecommunications facilities,
systems or networks or planning new ones;
as deemed necessary or as required, provide information
and assistance to, and consult with, the Steering Group in
support of this directive;
make necessary and appropriate information available,
through the Executive Agent, NCS, to commercial carriers,
or other appropriate private sector telecommunications
operators and providers to facilitate their planning of
backbone facilities and control centers, where possible,
outside of likely nuclear target areas;
make necessary and appropriate information available to
the Office of the Manager, NCS, regarding all agency
telecommunications initiatives in support of the
objectives of this directive;
consistent with the provisions of Executive Order 12046,
and in coordination with the Executive Agent, NCS, consult
with the FCC on implementing the provisions of this policy
directive;
as deemed appropriate and necessary to support national
security leadership requirements, and in consultation with
the Steering Group, apply the objectives and principles of
this directive to telecommunications services and
facilities serving U.S. facilities abroad; and
submit progress reports annually, or as otherwise requested,
to the Steering Group, in coordination with the Manager,
NCS, regarding agency actions on approved initiatives and
other activities in support of this directive.
This directive is not intended to interfere with the special
operational or security requirements of any agency during normal or
during wartime situations.
Telecommunications functions not associated with national security
leadership requirements are excluded from the scope of this
directive.
Nothing in this directive amends or contravenes Presidential
Directive/NSC-24.
Presidential Directive/NSC-53 is hereby superseded and canceled.
Ronald Reagan
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
5
15 24
Federal Register / Vol. 47, No. 179 / Wednesday, September 15, 1982 / Presidential Documents 40531
Presidential Documents
Executive Order 12302 of September 13, 1982
President's National Security Telecommunications Advisory
Committee
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution of the United
States of America. and in order to establish. in accordance with the provisions
of the Federal Advisory Committee Act. as amended (5 U.S.C. App. I). an
advisory committee on National Security Telecommunications. it is hereby
ordered as follows:
Section 1. Establishment. (a) There is established the President's National
Security Telecommunications Advisory Committee which shall be composed
of no more than 30 members. These members shall have particular knowledge
and expertise in the field of telecommunications and represent elements of the
Nation's telecommunications industry. Members of the Committee shall be
appointed by the President.
(b) The President shall annually designate a Chairman and a Vice Chairman
from among the members of the Committee.
(c) To assist the Committee in carrying out its functions, the Committee may
establish appropriate subcommittees or working groups composed. in whole or
in part. of individuals who are not members of the Committee.
Sec. 2. Functions. (a) The Committee shall provide to the President. among
other things, information and advice from the perspective of the telecommuni-
cations industry with respect to the implementation of Presidential Directive
53 (PD/NSC-53). National Security Telecommunications Policy.
(b) The Committee shall provide information and advice to the President
regarding the feasibility of implementing specific measures to improve the
telecommunications aspects of our national security posture.
(c) The Committee shall provide technical information and advice in the
identification and solution of problems which the Committee considers will
affect national security telecommunications capability.
(d) In the performance of its advisory duties, the Committee shall conduct
reviews and assessments of the effectiveness of the implementation of PD/
NSC-53, National Security Telecommunications Policy.
(e) The Committee shall periodically report on matters in this Section to the
President and to the Secretary of Defense in his capacity as Executive Agent
for the National Communications System.
Sec. 3. Administration. (a) The heads of Executive agencies shall. to the extent
permitted by law, provide the Committee such information with respect to
national security telecommunications matters as it may require for the pur-
pose of carrying out its functions. Information supplied to the Committee shall
not, to the extent permitted by law, be available for public inspection.
(b) Members of the Committee shall serve without any compensation for their
work on the Committee. However, to the extent permitted by law, they shall
be entitled to travel expenses. including per diem in lieu of subsistence.
(c) Any expenses of the Committee shall, to the extent permitted by law. be
paid from funds available to the Secretary of Defense.
Sec. 4. General. (a) Notwithstanding any other Executive Order, the functions
of the President under the Federal Advisory Committee Act. as amended (5
40532 Federal Register / Vol. 47. No. 179 / Wednesday, September 15. 1982 / Presidential Documents
U.S.C. App. I). except that of reporting annually to the Congress. which are
applicable to the Committee, shall be performed by the Secretary of Defense.
in accord with guidelines and procedures established by the Administrator of
General Services.
(b) In accordance with the Federal Advisory Committee Act. as amended. the
Committee shall terminate on December 31. 1982. unless sooner extended.
Ronald Reagan
THE WHITE HOUSE.
September 13. 1982.
[FR Doc. 82-25518
Filed 9-13-82 4:39 pml
Billing code 3195-01-M
Federal Register / Vol. 49, No. 2 / Wednesday. January 4. 1984 / Presidential Documents
343
Presidential Documents
Executive Order 12454 of December 29, 1903
President's National Security Telecommunications Advisory
Committee
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and statutes of
the United States of America, and in accordance with the provisions of the
Federal Advisory Committee Act, as amended (5 U.S.C. App. I). it is hereby
ordered that the President's National Security Telecommunications Advisory
Committee. established by Executive Order No. 12382, is continued until
September 30, 1985.
Ronald Reagon
THE WHITE HOUSE,
December 29, 1983.
(FR Doc. 84-301
Filed 1-3-84: 11:24 amj
Billing code 3195-01-M
EO 12046
THE PRESIDENT
13349
[3195-01]
Executive Order 12046
March 27, 1978
Relating to the Transfer of Telecommunications Functions
By virtue of the authority vested in me by the Constitution and laws of the
United States of America, including Section 7 of Reorganization Plan No. 1 of
1977 (42 FR 56101 (October 21, 1977)), the authority and control vested in
the President by Section 2 of Executive Order No. 11556, as amended, Sec-
tion 202 of the Budget and Accounting Procedures Act of 1950 (31 U.S.C.
581c), and Section 301 of Title 3 of the United States Code, and as President
of the United States of America, in order to provide for the transfer of certain
telecommunications functions, it is hereby ordered as follows:
SECTION 1
REORGANIZATION PLAN
1-1. Implementation of Reorganization Plan.
1-101. The transfer of all the functions of the Office of Telecommunica-
tions Policy and of its Director, as provided by Section 5B of Reorganization
Plan No. 1 of 1977 (42 FR 56101), is hereby effective.
1-102. The abolition of the Office of Telecommunications Policy, as
provided effective. by Section 3C of Reorganization Plan No. 1 of 1977, is hereby
1-103. The establishment of an Assistant Secretary for Communications
and Information, Department of Commerce, as provided by Section 4 of
Reorganization Plan No. 1 of 1977, is hereby effective.
1-2. Telecommunications Function.
1-201. Prior to the effective date of Reorganization Plan No. 1 of 1977,
the Office of Telecommunications Policy and its Director had the functions set
forth or referenced by: (1) Section 1 of Reorganization Plan No. 1 of 1970 (5
U.S.C. App. II), (2) Executive Order No. 11556 of September 4, 1970, as
amended (47 U.S.C. 305 note), (3) Executive Order No. 11191 of January 4,
1965, as amended (47 U.S.C. 721 note), (4) Executive Order No. 10705 of
April 17, 1957, as amended (47 U.S.C. 606 note), and (5) Presidential Memo-
randum of August 21, 1963, as amended by Executive Order No. 11556 and
entitled "Establishment of the National Communications System."
1-202. So much of those functions which relate to the preparation of
Presidential telecommunications policy options or to the disposition of appeals
from assignments of radio frequencies to stations of the United States Govern-
ment were transferred to the President. These functions may be delegated
within the Executive Office of the President and the delegations are set forth
in this Order at Sections 3-1 through 4-3.
FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 43, NO. 61-WEDNESDAY, MARCH 29, 1978
13350
THE PRESIDENT
1-203. Those telecommunications functions which were not transferred to
the President were transferred to the Secretary of Commerce. Functions trans-
ferred to the Secretary are set forth in this Order at Sections 2-1 through 2-5.
SECTION 2
FUNCTIONS TRANSFERRED TO COMMERCE
2-1. Radio Frequencies.
2-101. The authority of the President to assign frequencies to radio
stations or to classes of radio stations belonging to and operated by the
United States, including the authority to amend. modify, or revoke such
assignments, was transferred to the Secretary of Commerce.
2-102. This authority, which was originally vested in the President by
Section 305(a) of the Communications Act of 1934, as amended (47 U.S.C.
305(a)), was transferred and assigned to the Director of the Office of Tele-
communications Policy by Section 1 of Reorganization Plan No. I of 1970 and
Section 3 of Executive Order No. 11556.
2-103. The authority to assign frequencies to radio stations is subject to
the authority to dispose of appeals from frequency assignments as set forth in
Section 3-2 of this Order.
2-2. Construction of Radio Stations.
2-201. The authority to authorize a foreign government to construct and
operate a radio station at the seat of government of the United States was
transferred to the Secretary of Commerce. Authorization for the construction
and operation of a radio station pursuant to this authority and the assignment
of a frequency for its use can be made only upon recommendation of the
Secretary of State and after consultation with the Attorney General and the
Chairman of the Federal Communications Commission.
2-202. This authority, which was originally vested in the President by
Section 305(d) of the Communications Act of 1934, as amended (47 U.S.C.
305), was delegated to the Director of the Office of Telecommunications
Policy by Section 5 of Executive Order No. 11556.
2-3. Communications Satellite System.
2-301. Certain functions relating to the communications satellite system
were transferred to the Secretary of Commerce. Those functions were delegat-
ed or assigned to the Director of the Office of Telecommunications Policy by
Executive Order No. 11191, as amended by Executive Order No. 11556. The func-
tions include authority vested in the President by Section 201(a) of the Com-
munications Satellite Act of 1962 (76 Stat. 421, 47 U.S.C. 721(a)). These
functions are specifically set forth in the following provisions of this Section.
(a) Aid in the planning and development of the commercial communica-
tions satellite system and aid in the execution of a national program for the
operation of such a system.
(b) Conduct a continuous review of all phases of the development and
operation of such system, including the activities of the Corporation.
(c) Coordinate, in consultation with the Secretary of State, the activities of
governmental agencies with responsibilities in the field of telecommunications,
so as to insure that there is full and effective compliance at all times with the
policies set forth in the Act.
(d) Make recommendations to the President and others as appropriate,
with respect to all steps necessary to insure the availability and appropriate
utilization of the communications satellite system for general government
purposes in consonance with Section 201(a)(6) of the Act.
FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 43, NO. 61-WEDNESDAY, MARCH 29, 1978
THE PRESIDENT
13351
(e) Help attain coordinated and efficient use of the electromagnetic spec-
trum and the technica! compatibility of the communications satellite system
with existing communications facilities both in the United States and abroad.
(f) Assist in the preparation of Presidential action documents for consider-
ation by the President as may be appropriate under Section 201 (a) of the Act,
make necessary recommendations to the President in connection therewith,
and keep the President currently informed with respect to the carrying out of
the Act.
(g) Serve as the chief point of liaison between the President and the
Corporation.
(h) The Secretary of Commerce shall timely submit to the President each
year the report (including evaluations and recommendations) provided for in
Section 404(a) of the Act (47 U.S.C. 744(a)).
(i) The Secretary of Commerce shall coordinate the performance of these
functions with the Secretary of State. The Corporation and other concerned
Executive agencies shall provide the Secretary of Commerce with such assis-
tance, documents, and other cooperation as will enable the Secretary to carry
out these functions.
2-4. Other Telecommunications Functions.
Certain functions assigned, subject to the authority and control of the
President to the Director of the Office of Telecommunications Policy by
Section 2 of Executive Order No. 11556 were transferred to the Secretary of
Commerce. These functions, subject to the authority and control of the Presi-
dent, are set forth in the following subsections.
2-401. The Secretary of Commerce shall serve as the President's principal
adviser on telecommunications policies pertaining to the Nation's economic
and technological advancement and to the regulation of the telecommunica-
tions industry.
2-402. The Secretary of Commerce shall advise the Director of the Office
of Management and Budget on the development of policies relating to the
procurement and management of Federal telecommunications systems.
2-403. The Secretary of Commerce shall conduct studies and evaluations
concerning telecommunications research and development, and concerning
the initiation, improvement, expansion, testing, operation, and use of Federal
telecommunications systems. The Secretary shall advise appropriate agencies,
including the Office of Management and Budget, of the recommendations
which result from such studies and evaluations.
2-404. The Secretary of Commerce shall develop and set forth, in coordi-
nation with the Secretary of State and other interested agencies, plans, poli-
cies, and programs which relate to international telecommunications issues,
conferences, and negotiations. The Secretary of Commerce shall coordinate
economic, technical, operational and related preparations for United States
participation in international telecommunications conferences and negotia-
tions. The Secretary shall provide advice and assistance to the Secretary of
State on international telecommunications policies to strengthen the position
and serve the best interests of the United States, in support of the Secretary of
State's responsibility for the conduct of foreign affairs.
2-405. The Secretary of Commerce shall provide for the coordination of
the telecommunications activities of the Executive Branch, and shall assist in
the formulation of policies and standards for those activities. including but not
limited to considerations of interoperability, privacy, security, spectrum use
and emergency readiness.
FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 43, NO. 61-WEDNESDAY, MARCH 29, 1978
3352
THE PRESIDENT
2-406. The Secretary of Commerce shall develop and set forth telecom-
munications policies pertaining to the Nation's economic and technological
advancement and to the regulation of the telecommunications industry.
2-407. The Secretary of Commerce shall ensure that the Executive
Branch views on telecommunications matters are effectively presented to the
Federal Communications Commission and, in coordination with the Director
of the Office of Management and Budget, to the Congress.
2-408. The Secretary of Commerce shall establish policies concerning
spectrum assignments and use by radio stations belonging to and operated by
the United States. Agencies shall consult with the Secretary of Commerce to
ensure that their conduct of telecommunications activities is consistent with
those policies.
2-409. The Secretary of Commerce shall develop, in cooperation with the
Federal Communications Commission, a comprehensive long-range plan for
improved management of all electromagnetic spectrum resources.
2-410. The Secretary of Commerce shall conduct studies and make rec-
ommendations concerning the impact of the convergence of computer and
communications technology.
2-411. The Secretary of Commerce shall coordinate Federal telecom-
munications assistance to State and local governments.
2-412. The Secretary of Commerce shall conduct and coordinate econom-
ic and technical analyses of telecommunications policies, activities, and oppor-
tunities in support of assigned responsibilities.
2-413. The Secretary of Commerce shall contract for studies and reports
related to any aspect of assigned responsibilities.
2-414. The Secretary of Commerce shall participate with the National
Security Council and the Director of the Office of Science and Technology
rescended
Policy in carrying out their functions under Sections 4-1, 4-2, and 4-3 of this
Order, and may perform specific staff services for them as requested.
2-5. Consultation Responsibilities.
2-501. The authority to establish coordinating committees, as assigned to
the Director of the Office of Telecommunications Policy by Section 10 of
Executive Order No. 11556, was transferred to the Secretary of Commerce.
2-502. As permitted by law, the Secretary of Commerce shall establish
such interagency committees and working groups composed of representatives
of interested agencies, and shall consult with such departments and agencies
as may be necessary for the most effective performance of his functions. To
the extent he deems it necessary to continue the Interdepartment Radio
Advisory Committee, that Committee shall serve in an advisory capacity to the
Secretary. As permitted by law, the Secretary also shall establish one or more
telecommunications advisory committees composed of experts in the telecom-
munications area outside the Government.
SECTION 3
FUNCTIONS ASSIGNED TO THE OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET
3-1. Telecommunications Procurement and Management.
3-101. The responsibility for serving as the President's principal adviser
on procurement and management of Federal telecommunications systems and
the responsibility for developing and establishing policies for procurement
and management of such systems, which responsibilities were assigned to the
FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 43, NO. 61-WEDNESDAY, MARCH 29, 1978
THE PRESIDENT
13353
Director of the Office of Telecommunications Policy subject to the authority
and control of the President by Section 2(b) of Executive Order No. 11556,
were transferred to the President.
3-102. These functions are delegated to the Director of the Office of
Management and Budget.
3-2. Radio Frequency Appeals.
3-201. The authority to make final disposition of appeals from frequency
assignments by the Secretary of Commerce for radio stations belonging to and
operated by the United States, which authority was vested in the President by
Section 305(a) of the Communications Act of 1934 (47 U.S.C. 305(a)) and
transferred to the Director of the Office of Telecommunications Policy by
President. Reorganization Plan No. 1 of 1970 (5 U.S.C. App. II), was transferred to the
3-202. This function is delegated to the Director of the Office of Manage-
ment and Budget.
SECTION 4
FUNCTIONS ASSIGNED TO THE NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL AND THE OFFICE OF
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY
4-1. Emergency Functions.
4-101. The war power functions of the President under Section 606 of
the Communications Act of 1934. as amended (47 U.S.C. 606), which were
delegated to the Director of the Office of Telecommunications Policy by the
President. Provisions of Section 4 of Executive Order No. 10705, were transferred to the
4-102. The Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall
prepare to direct the exercise of these functions, and the National Security
Council shall prepare to exercise appropriate policy direction, should the
resconded
President so instruct. These instructions could be given in accordance with
12472
the National Emergencies Act (90 Stat. 1255, 50 U.S.C. 1601).
4-103. The Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy shall
prepare Presidential policy options with respect to the evaluation by appropri-
ate means, including suitable tests, of the capability of existing and planned
rescinded
communications systems to meet national security and emergency prepared-
12472
ness requirements, and report the results and any recommended remedial
actions to the President and the National Security Council.
4-2. National Communications System.
4-201. The responsibility for policy direction of the development and
operation of a National Communications System, which was assigned to the
Director of the Office of Telecommunications Policy by the Presidential
Memorandum of August 21, 1963. as amended by Executive Order No. 11556,
was transferred to the President.
4-202. The function is more particularly identified. and is delegated to
the National Security Council, in the amendments made by Section 6-101 of
resconded
this Order to the President's Memorandum of August 21, 1963.
12472
4-3. Planning Functions.
4-301. The function of coordinating the development of policy, plans,
programs, and standards for the mobilization and use of the Nation's telecom-
munications resources in any emergency, which function was assigned to the
FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 43, NO. 61-WEDNESDAY, MARCH 29, 1978
1354
THE PRESIDENT
Director of the Office of Telecommunications Policy subject to the authority
and control of the President by Section 2(h) of the Executive Order No.
11556, was transferred to the President.
4-302. The National Security Council shall assist the President in the
reached
performance of this function.
SECTION 5
RELATED TELECOMMUNICATIONS FUNCTIONS
5-1. The Department of Commerce.
5-101. The Secretary of Commerce shall continue to perform the follow-
ing functions previously assigned by Section 13 of Executive Order No. 11556:
(a) Perform analysis, engineering, and administrative functions, including
the maintenance of necessary files and data bases, as necessary in the perfor-
mance of assigned responsibilities for the management of electromagnetic
spectrum.
(b) Conduct research and analysis of electromagnetic propagation, radio
systems characteristics, and operating techniques affecting the utilization of
the electromagnetic spectrum in coordination with specialized, related re-
search and analysis performed by other Federal agencies in their areas of
responsibility.
(c) Conduct research and analysis in the general field of telecommunica-
tions sciences in support of assigned functions and in support of other Gov-
ernment agencies.
5-102. The Secretary of Commerce shall participate, as appropriate, in
evaluating the capability of telecommunications resources, in recommending
remedial actions, and in developing policy options.
5-2. Department of State.
5-201. With respect to telecommunications, the Secretary of State shall
exercise primary authority for the conduct of foreign policy, including the
determination of United States positions and the conduct of United States
participation in negotiations with foreign governments and international
bodies. In exercising this responsibility the Secretary of State shall coordinate
with other agencies as appropriate, and, in particular, shall give full consider-
ation to the Federal Communications Commission's regulatory and policy
responsibility in this area.
5-202. The Secretary of State shall continue to perform the following
functions previously assigned by Executive Order No. 11191, as amended:
(a) Exercise the supervision provided for in Section 201(a)(4) of the
Communications Satellite Act of 1962. as amended (47 U.S.C. 721 (a)(4)); be
responsible, although the Secretary of Commerce is the chief point of liaison,
for instructing the Communications Satellite Corporation in its role as the
designated United States representative to the International Telecommunica-
tions Satellite Organization; and direct the foreign relations of the United
States with respect to actions under the Communications Satellite Act of 1962,
as amended.
(b) Coordinate, in accordance with the applicable interagency agreements,
the performance of these functions with the Secretary of Commerce, the
Federal Communications Commission, other concerned Executive agencies,
and the Communications Satellite Corporation (see 47 U.S.C. 731-735). The
Corporation and other concerned Executive agencies shall provide the Secre-
FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 43, NO. 61-WEDNESDAY, MARCH 29, 1978
THE PRESIDENT
13355
tary of State with such assistance, documents, and other cooperation as will
enable the Secretary to carry out these functions.
5-3. General Services Administration. The Administrator of General Services shall
coordinate with the Secretary of Commerce, the Director of the Office of
Science and Technology Policy, and the National Security Council the devel-
opment of policies, plans, programs, and standards for the emergency use of
telecommunications.
SECTION 6
GENERAL PROVISIONS
6-1. Transfer Provisions.
6-101. In order to reflect the transfer and assignment made by Section 5B
of Reorganization Plan No. 1 of 1977 and Section 13 of this Order, the
President's Memorandum of August 21, 1963, entitled "Establishment of the
National Communications System" (28 FR 9413, 3 CFR 1959-1963 Compila-
tion) as amended by Section 8 of Executive Order No. 11556, is further
amended as follows:
(a) Delete the first paragraph after the heading "Executive Office Respon-
sibilities" and substitute therefor:
"The National Security Council shall be responsible for Presidential policy
options concerning the development and operation of the National Com-
munications System (NCS) and shall:".
(b) Delete the last two paragraphs in that part of the memo headed
"Executive Office Responsibilities" and substitute therefor:
"In performing these functions, the National Security Council will consult
with the Secretary of Commerce, the Director of the Office of Manage-
ment and Budget, the Director of the Office of Science and Technology
Policy, and the Administrator of General Services, as appropriate; will
establish arrangements for interagency consultation to ensure that the
NSC will meet essential needs of all government agencies; and will be
responsible for carrying on the work formerly done by the Subcommittee
on Communications of the Executive Committee of the National Security
Council. In addition to staff regularly assigned, the National Security
Council and the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy
may arrange for the detail or temporary assignment of communications
and other specialists from any agency.
"The Director of the Office of Management and Budget, in consultation
with the National Security Council, the Secretary of Commerce, the Ad-
ministrator of General Services, and the Executive Agent of the NCS, will
prescribe general guidelines and procedures for reviewing the financing
of the NCS within the budgetary process and for preparation of budget
estimates by participating agencies.".
(c) In the paragraph after the heading "Agency Responsibilities", delete
"Director of the Office of Telecommunications Policy" and substitute therefor
"National Security Council."
6-102. The primary responsibility for performing all administrative sup-
port and service functions that are related to functions transferred from the
Office of Telecommunications Policy and its Director to the President, includ-
ing those functions delegated or assigned within the Executive Office of the
President, are transferred to the Office of Administration. The Domestic
FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 43, NO. 61-WEDNESDAY, MARCH 29, 1978
Policy Staff shall perform such functions related to the preparation of Presi-
dential telecommunications policy options as the President may from time to
time direct.
6-103. The records, property, personnel. and unexpended balances of
appropriations, available or to be made available, which relate to the functions
transferred, assigned, or delegated as provided in this Order are hereby
transferred as appropriate.
6-104. The Director of the Office of Management and Budget shall make
such determinations, issue such orders, and take all actions necessary or
appropriate to effectuate the transfers or reassignments provided in this
Order, including the transfer of funds, records, property, and personnel.
6-2. Amendments. In order to reflect the transfers provided by this Order, the
following conforming amendments and revocations are ordered:
6-201. Section 306 of Executive Order No. 11051, as amended, is further
amended to read:
"Sec. 306. Emergency telécommunications. The Administrator of General Ser-
vices shall be responsible for coordinating with the National Security Council
in planning for the mobilization of the Nation's telecommunications resources
in time of national emergency.".
6-202. Executive Order No. 11490, as amended is further amended by:
(1) substituting "National Security Council" for "Office of Telecommuni-
cations Policy (35 FR 6421)" in Section (27), and
(2) substituting the number of this Order for "11556" and deleting
references to Executive Order No. 10705 in Sections 1802 and 2002(3).
6-203. Executive Order No. 11725, as amended, is further amended by
substituting the number and date of this Order for the reference to Executive
Order No. 11556 of September 4, 1970 in Section 3(16).
6-204. Executive Orders No. 10705, as amended, No. 11191, as amended,
and No. 11556, as amended, are revoked.
6-3. General.
6-301. All Executive agencies to which functions are assigned pursuant to
this Order shall issue such rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry
them out.
6-302. All Executive agencies are authorized and directed to cooperate
with the departments and agencies to which functions are assigned pursuant to
this Order and to furnish them such information, support and assistance, not
inconsistent with law, as they may require in the performance of those func-
tions.
6-303. (a) Nothing in this Order reassigns any function assigned any
agency under the Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949, as
amended, nor does anything in this Order impair the existing authority of the
Administrator of General Services to provide and operate telecommunications
services and to prescribe policies and methods of procurement, or impair the
policy and oversight roles of the Office of Management and Budget.
FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 43, NO. 61-WEDNESDAY, MARCH 29, 1978
THE RESIDENT
13357
(b) In carrying out the functions in this Order, the Secretary of Com-
merce shall coordinate activities as appropriate with the Federal Communica-
tions Commission and make appropriate recommendations to it as the regula-
tor of the private sector. Nothing in this Order reassigns any function vested
by law in the Federal Communications Commission.
6-304. This Order shall be effective March 26, 1978.
Jimmy Carter
THE WHITE HOUSE,
March 27, 1978.
[FR Doc. 78-8494 Filed 3-28-78; 1:12 pml
FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 43, NO. 61 WEDNESDAY, MARCH 29, 1978
DEC 15 88 11:23 NAT COMM SYS-NCC
P. 2/6
THE WHITE HOUSE
ASMINOTON
19 January 1988
MEMORANDUM FOR THE DOMESTIC POLICY COUNCIL
SUBJECT:
National System for Emergency Coordination
Pursuant to Domestic Policy Council meetings on this subject, the
President has approved a National System for Emergency
Coordination. The system's purpose, principles, activation and
operational responsibilities are outlined in the attachment to
this memorandum. Department and agency heads are encouraged to
ensure that organizations and staff members are prepared to carry
out their respective operational responsibilities.
Eurn Meese I
Edwin Meese III
Chairman Pro Tempore
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NATIONAL SYSTEM FOR EMERGENCY COORDINATION
Purpose: The National System for Emergency Coordination is a
mechanism for ensuring that the Federal Government provides
timely, effective, and coordinated assistance to States and local
governments in extreme catastrophic technological, natural or
other domestic disasters of national significance. Responsibili-
ties currently assigned to Federal departments and agencies by
statute or other authority, and existing emergency management
systems and capabilities are an integral part of this response
system and will be used when possible.
Principles:
(a) The primary responsibility for public health and safety
in the event of a domestic emergency resides with the States.
For certain extreme emergencies (i.e., those requiring
coordinated action by a number of agencies or immediate relief to
a widespread area) Federal responses are mandated by statute, or
may otherwise be appropriate.
(b) The Federal Government may provide support in life
saving and life protecting operations when requested by State or
local governments, or when otherwise appropriate. Assistance may
be provided directly to a local government in cooperation with
the State government.
(c) Federal assistance will ordinarily be provided by
Federal regional offices and field elements, such as disaster
field offices, located nearest to the crisis site.
(d) The Federal Government's response to major domestic
crises will be consistent with current emergency plans, and
existing domestic and national security crisis information and
management systems will be used.
System Activation: When an extreme emergency occurs, the
Executive Office of the President (EOP) official responsible for
Cabinet affairs will consult with the National Security Council
and appropriate Executive Branch departments and agencies to
develop specific action plans for consideration by the President,
The
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the Cabinet and other officials as necessary. Only the President
may activate the system. If he does, the Cabinet Affairs Office
will be responsible for apprising the President of developments
and decisions that may be needed.
Operational Responsibilities:
(a) Federal departments and agencies shall respond to
potential crises in their respective areas of cognizance.
(b) Federal interagency functional groups.
(1) Federal interagency functional groups will be
established to support and coordinate relief operations in
extreme emergencies, consistent with those currently called for
in existing emergency plans such as the Plan for Federal Response
to a Catastrophic Earthquake. These groups will assess problems,
propose solutions, and facilitate resolution of specific
emergency functional needs.
(2) Lead agencies have been designated for each
functional group on the basis of recognized leadership roles,
resources, inherent authorities, and/or relevant expertise.
(3) To the extent possible under existing authorities,
interagency functional groups will also, in their respective
areas of cognizance: conduct risk assessments; identify and
prioritize contingencies for which emergency plans are needed;
provide external liaison and situation assessments; and test
Federal emergency response structures and plans.
(4) Interagency functional groups will be established to
facilitate communications, economic affairs, energy, human
services, legal and law enforcement, transportation and other
functions needed to mitigate the crisis. Leadership and
membership are to be based on statutes, Executive Orders,
responsibilities. interagency agreements, and logical extensions of normal
(c) The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) will be
prepared to consult with and assist Federal departments and
agencies in planning for and responding to all types of
emergencies, as listed below.
(d) National Coordinator.
(1) The President may designate a National Coordinator
as his representative to coordinate Federal support operations
during extreme emergencies.
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(2) The National Coordinator would ordinarily be a
senior official of a department or agency having assigned
responsibilities for the following specified types of
emergencies:
Natural disasters
FEMA
Health or medical
DHHS
Terrorism
DOJ
(less airborne hijacking)
Energy
DOE
Nuclear weapon, reactor,
facility accident
DOE or DOD ("owner")
Accident at licensed nuclear
power plant
NRC
Environmental
EPA
(less some water related incidents but
including chemical plant accidents)
Transportation
DOT
(including airborne hijacking and
some water related environmental
incidents)
Economic disruption
TREAS
Telecommunications
OSTP/NCS
(3) Based on the nature of the crisis, the National
Coordinator would determine which interagency functional groups
should be activated.
(e) Federal Coordinating Officer.
(1) One or more Federal Coordinating Officers (FCO) may
be appointed as the President's on-scene representative (s) when
necessary. The FCO would ordinarily be a senior field official
of the same Federal department or agency as the National
Coordinator, and would be responsible for coordinating the
Federal response at the emergency site (s).
(2) FCOs would report to the National Coordinator.
(3) Based on the nature of the crisis, the FCO (s) would
determine appropriate regional functional groups to be activated.
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(f) State Coordination.
(1) If the President activates the system, the Director
of the Federal Emergency Management Agency will notify the
Governors of affected States and territories about the Federal
Government's plan of action.
(2) The National Coordinator or an FCO may ask the
Governor of a State requesting Federal assistance to appoint a
State Coordinating Officer to coordinate State and local
government response efforts with those of the Federal Government.
(3) States would be expected to interact with FCOs to
indicate their need for Federal assistance, and to coordinate the
use of Federal assistance.
National Telecommunications Management Structure
The National Telecommunications Management Structure (NTMS)
will provide a comprehensive, survivable and enduring management
capability for initiating, coordinating, restoring, and
reconstituting the Nation's telecommunications resources in the
event of a national emergency, including war.
The requirement to develop NTMS originates with E.O. 12472
which directed the Manager, NCS to develop a national tele-
communications management infrastructure responsive to national
needs, and to establish a joint industry-government National
Coordinating Center (NCC) capable of assisting in the management
of national security and emergency preparedness (NS/EP) tele-
communications under all conditions of crisis or emergency.
A functioning joint industry-government NCC was established
in 1984. In 1986 the President's National Security Tele-
communications Advisory Committee (NSTAC) established an industry
NTMS Task Force chaired by the Office of the Manager, National
Communications System (OMNCS), to develop a NTMS Implementation
Concept. In 1987 the NCS Committee of Principles (COP) also
established a subcommittee to assist in the development of the
NTMS Implementation Concept. A NTMS Implementation Concept was
developed, approved by the NSTAC and COP in the fall of 1987, and
forwarded to the White House. The White House approved the
concept in the spring of 1988, a program office was established in
OMNCS, and implementation of NTMS is proceeding.
Essentially, the NTMS will provide for an extension of the
NCC functional capability into the various regions of the Nation.
The plan provides for the establishment of a Regional Coordinating
Center (RCC) at certain FEMA Federal Regional Centers (FRC). Each
RCC would be supported by government and industry Operating
Centers (OC). Each RCC in addition to accomplishing its regional
role, would be capable of assuming the functions of the NCC in the
event the NCC became inoperable. The RCC's will be staffed by
regional government and industry telecommmunications managers.
OC's will be staffed by resident government or industry personnel.
Related ongoing activities such as NETS, SHARES, CSI, CNS,
MT/T, TSP, etc., will be incorporated into NTMS planning. These
capabilities will be integrated into the National Tele-
communications Coordinating Network (NTCN) being developed
concurrently with NTMS as the network used to support the NTMS.
The NTMS Initial Operating Capability is scheduled for the
spring of 1990, for the northeast region of the country.