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    "localId": "4520578",
    "label": "Helsinki",
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    "id": "4520578",
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    "contentType": "document",
    "title": "Helsinki",
    "citationUrl": "https://catalog.archives.gov/id/4520578",
    "collections": [
        "Philip W. Buchen Files",
        "Philip Buchen's General Subject Files"
    ],
    "subjects": [
        "Soviet Union",
        "International relations",
        "Helsinki Agreement, 1975",
        "Presidential campaign, 1976",
        "Campaign debates",
        "International cultural affairs"
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    "coverageEndDate": {
        "logicalDate": "1976-09-30",
        "month": 9,
        "year": 1976
    },
    "coverageStartDate": {
        "logicalDate": "1976-08-01",
        "month": 8,
        "year": 1976
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    "seq": 1,
    "pageIndex": 0,
    "type": "document",
    "url": "https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/presidential-libraries/ford/grf-0019/574067/Batch0003/4520578.pdf",
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    "ocrText": "The original documents are located in Box 19, folder \"Helsinki\" of the Philip Buchen Files\nat the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library.\nCopyright Notice\nThe copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of\nphotocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Gerald R. Ford donated to the United\nStates of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections.\nWorks prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public\ndomain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to\nremain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid\ncopyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library.\nHalsinke\nTHE WHITE HOUSE\nWASHINGTON\nfile\nSeptember 28, 1976\nMEMORANDUM FOR: PHIL BUCHEN\nBobbi\nFROM:\nBOBBIE KILBERG\nSUBJECT:\nPresidential Debate and \"Basket III\"\nProvisions of the Helsinki Pact\nI have talked with NSC about Leonard Marks' suggestion\nthat the President, either in answer to debate questions\nor in a speech, declare his plans to do more by way of\nimplementing the \"Basket III\" provisions of the Helsinki\nPact. NSC already has drafted a strong Q&A for the\nPresident's foreign policy debate next week and that\nQ&A has been given to Dave Gergen, Mike Duval and Dick\nCheney. Copies are being sent to us.\nBud McFarlane and I discussed the need for the President\nto be very forceful in the foreign policy debate about\nthe U.S. determination to implement \"Basket III\", and\nNSC will also consider some speech material.\nLISA GERALD ? FORD\nDigitized from Box 19 of the Philip Buchen Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library\nTHE WHITE HOUSE\nWASHINGTON\nSeptember 21, 1976\nMEMORANDUM FOR:\nBOBBIE KILBERG\nFROM:\nPHIL BUCHEN\nI am returning to you the file you sent me on\nLeonard Marks. I have called Leonard and he\nseems satisfied that we have done everything\npossible to interest the State Department in\nusing the services of the U. S. Advisory\nCommission on Educational and Cultural Affairs.\nLeonard did suggest to me that the President,\neither in answer to debate questions or in a\nspeech, should declare his plans to do more\nby way of implementing the \"Basket Three\"\nprovisions of the Helsinki Pact. I suggest you\ntalk to Bill Hyland and discuss with him the\npossible approaches that the NSC staff would\nrecommend along this line, and the recommenda-\ntions should go to Messrs. Gergen and Duval,\nwith a copy to Dick Cheney.\nAttachment\nFORDO & CERALO LIBRARY\nHelsinki\nMonday 9/13/76\n(Leonard\n11:45\nLuraner was asking for a copy of our\nMarks\nreply to the 8/4/76 letter from Leonard\nMarks re the Basket III provisions of the\n\\\nHelsinki Agreement. Or if Mr. Buchen\ncalled and talked with Mr. Marks.\n2:25\nI could find no reply Mr. Buchen had\nmade to the 8/4 letter and found no\nphone call he had made.\nLuraner checked with Bobbie and Mr. Buchen\nhad told her he didn't want to call Marks -\nso Bobbie sent the memo of 8/23 to\nLouise Froebe, Asst. to the Staff Director,\nNSC Under Secretaries Committee.\nLIBRARY GERALD R. FORM\nTHE WHITE HOUSE\nWASHINGTON\nDate 8/23\nTO:\nPHIL BUCHEN\nFROM: BOBBIE GREENE KILBERG\nXX\nFor Your Information\nFor Your Comments / Recommendations\nPer Your Request\nPer Our Conversation\nREMARKS:\nThis memo is addressed to Louise\nFroebe because the contact NSC\nsuggested, i.e., Wreatham Gathright,\nwill remain on sick leave for a\nfew more weeks.\nLEBRARY GERALD B. GROUP\nTHE WHITE HOUSE\nWASHINGTON\n8/23\nPhil --\nAttached is a memo from me to the\nNSC Under Secretaries Committee in\nregard to Leonard Marks. You should\nalso be aware that the Vice President\nwill not be able to meet with the\nAdvisory Commission on August 25\nbecause he will be out of town until\nLabor Day. I will push for a meeting\nafter Labor Day with the whole\nCommission or a few of its members.\nBobore\nBobbie\nin\nFORD\nGERALD\nTHE WHITE HOUSE\nWASHINGTON\nAugust 23, 1976\nMEMORANDUM FOR\nMs. Louise Froebe\nAssistant to the Staff Director\nNSC Under Secretaries Committee\nOn August 4, Phil Buchen, Counsel to the President,\nreceived the attached letter from Leonard Marks,\nChairman of the U.S. Advisory Commission on Educa-\ntional and Cultural Affairs (Tab A). Mr. Buchen\nwas interested in Mr. Marks' suggestion that the\nAdvisory Commission be a responsible agency to\npromote various events that would be useful prior\nto the Belgrade meeting and to report periodically\nto the President and the Secretary of State on these\nactivities. Consequently, I asked the National\nSecurity Council for its recommendation on this idea\nand received the attached memorandum from Jeanne\nDavis (Tab B) in which she states that any partici-\npation which the Advisory Commission wishes to have\nin regard to the Helsinki Agreement should be worked\nout with and under the supervision of the NSC Under\nSecretaries Committee.\nThe Counsel's Office would appreciate Mr. Gathright\nor you contacting Mr. Marks to discuss how the U.S.\nAdvisory Commission on Educational and Cultural\nAffairs could best be of assistance to the Under\nSecretaries Committee in regard to the Basket III\nprovisions of the Helsinki Agreement.\nAssociate Bobbie Greene Counsel\nKilberg\nAttachments\n=\nFORD\nDERALD\nTHE WHITE HOUSE\nWASHINGTON\n8.13.76\nTO: Phil Buchen\nattached are the\nfiles for 1975 +1976\non the Report of the U.S.\nadvisory Comm on Internated\nEducational +Cultural affairs\nNDL.\nRobert D. Linder\nCERALD\nFORD LIBRARY\nEXECUTIVE\n/\ngat.\nFG228\nMEMORANDUM\nFG 38\nNATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL\n3917\nJuly 16, 1976\nMEMORANDUM FOR: JON HOWE\nFROM:\nJEANNE W. DAVIS 11th\nSUBJECT:\nfor\nMeeting with U.S. Advisory Commission\non International Educational and Cul-\ntural Affairs (Memo No. 911-76)\nThe self-explanatory memorandum attached from the Depart-\nment of State recommends that the Vice President meet\nwith Leonard Marks, Chairman of the U S. Advisory Com-\nmission on International Educational and Cultural Affairs.\nState proposes that the Vice President join the Commission\nfor lunch following its meeting on August 25 or that he re-\nceive Chairman Marks and one or two other members in\nhis office at a convenient time.\nThe NSC Steff believes that the proposed meeting of the Advisory Commission\nwith the Vice President would be useful and that the Vice\nPresident should give it serious consideration, if his sched-\nule permits.\nTomall\n7.47\nNotey\nAttachment\nLIBRARY GERALD B. FORD\nS/S-7614350\nNSC-3917\ndepartment OF STATE\nWashington, D.C. 20520\nJuly 15, 1976\nMEMORANDUM FOR MR. BRENT SCOWCROFT\nTHE WHITE HOUSE\nSubject: Meeting with Vice President Proposed\nby U.S. Advisory Commission on\nInternational Educational and\nCultural Affairs\nThe Department supports the request of Leonard\nMarks, Chairman of the U.S. Advisory Commission on\nInternational Educational and Cultural Affairs, for\na meeting with the Vice President.\nThe nine-member commission is appointed by the\nPresident and provides advice to the President and\nCongress, primarily through an annual report, on a\nvariety of issues in the conduct of international\neducational and cultural exchange programs. The\nCommission is an independent body which takes seriously\nits role and its concern for effective international\ncommunication programs. It has been a strong sup-\nporter of the cultural exchange activities of the\nDepartment of State, especially when USG financial\nsupport has appeared to wane.\nThe Commission's topics of conversation with the\nVice President will probably include items covered\nin its recently submitted twelfth annual report and\nin a special report on the Helsinki agreement. Both\nreports are attached as background information. The\nkey provisions of the annual report are sections on:\n--the Helsinki agreement (the Commission believes\nthe USG should do more to secure Soviet imple-\nmentation of the Basket III provisions regarding\nthe free flow of information and increased\nFORD 2. 07V830 LIBRARY\neducational, cultural and scientific exchanges,\nespecially since the U.S. has made concessions\nin more political fields)\n- 2 -\n--UNESCO (the Commission deplores the politiciza-\ntion of UNESCO, especially the resolutions\nrelating to Israel, and the consequent re-\nduction in U.S. participation)\nUnited Nations University (the Commission.\nbelieves the USG should be more forthcoming\nin providing endowment support to the UNU)\n--a North-South Center (the Commission believes\na center modeled on the East-West Center in\nHawaii might be considered as a means of\nstrengthening U.S. ties with Latin America)\nThe Commission is inviting the Vice President\nto join it for lunch following its meeting in Washington\non August 25th. An option would be for the Vice\nPresident to receive Chairman Leonard Marks and one\nor two other members in his office on that date or\nat some other mutually convenient time.\nRonald Elions\nfor\nC. Arthur Borg\nExecutive Secretary\nAttachments:\n1. The Commission's Twelfth Annual Report\n2. The Marks-Smith Report on the Helsinki Agreement\n3. Original correspondence returned\nLIBRARY GERALD R. FORD\n234\nAND\nRHM\nTAX\nis\nTHE\nShill\nam\nSTATE\nNO\nsimp\nMA\nFederal to 3.2\n94th Congress\n2d Session\n}\nCOMMITTEE PRINT\nTHE EFFECTS OF THE CONFERENCE ON SECURITY\nAND COOPERATION IN EUROPE ON THE CULTURAL\nRELATIONS OF THE UNITED STATES AND EASTERN\nEUROPE\nEXECUTIVE COMMUNICATION 2276\nA SPECIAL REPORT TO CONGRESS\nFROM\nTHE UNITED STATES ADVISORY COMMISSION\nON INTERNATIONAL EDUCATIONAL AND\nCULTURAL AFFAIRS\nPursuant to Public Law 87-256\nAPRIL 1976\nPrinted for the use of the Committee on International Relations\nU.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE\n68-504 0\nWASHINGTON : 1976\nLIBRARY GERALD FORD\nCLASSIFICATION:\nUNCLASSIFIE\nNATIONAL SECUR\nREFER\nMEMORANDUM FOR:\nGeorge S. Sp\nExecutive Se\nDepartment\nDOCUMENT DESCRIPTION:\nTo:\nMrs. Jeanne Davis\nFrom:\nJon Howe\nDate:\nJuly 6, 1976\nSubject: VP request for NSC rec\non International Educa\nluncheon meeting with\nACTION REQUESTED:\nDraft reply for:\nDirect reply\nDispatch\nXXXXX Recommendations / Comm\nOther\nDUE DATE: July 13, 1976\nCOMMENTS:\nFORD & 938870 LIBRARY\nfor\nCLASSIFICATION: UNCLASSIFIED\n3914\nMEMORANDUM\nOFFICE OF THE VICE PRESIDENT\nWASHINGTON\nACTION\nMemo No. 911-76\nJuly 6, 1976\nFOR:\nJEANNE DAVIS\nFROM:\nJon Howe\ngn\nSUBJECT:\nThe U.S. Advisory Commission on\nInternational Educational and Cultural\nAffairs\nThe U.S. Advisory Commission on International\nEducational and Cultural Affairs has requested a\nluncheon meeting with the Vice President. May we have\nan NSC recommendation.\nLIBRARY GERALD ? FORD\nTHE WHITE HOUSE\nWASHINGTON\nAugust 11, 1976\nMEMORANDUM FOR:\nPHIL BUCHEN\nBobbi\nFROM:\nBOBBIE GREENE KILBERG\nSUBJECT:\nLeonard Marks and Basket III\nof the Helsinki Agreement\n(1) Bob Linder is checking whether or not the\nU.S. Advisory Commission on Educational and Cultural\nAffairs received a Presidential response to their\nannual reports in 1974 and 1975. If the Commission\ndid not receive a response, Bob will suggest to you\nhow we might rectify that error at this date. Bob\nwill also carefully watch for the FY76 report which\nis now at the printers and will make sure it does\nreceive a Presidential response.\n(2) In regard to Mr. Marks suggestion that the\nWhite House designate the Advisory Commission as a\npossible agency to promote various events that would\nbe useful prior to the Belgrade meeting (see letter\nat Tab A) : I asked Denis Clift of the National\nSecurity Council for his thoughts and advice and\nreceived the attached response from Jeanne Davis\n(Tab B). Perhaps the Commission could work something\nout with the Under Secretaries Committee as she sug-\ngests. The NSC draft reply states that Mr. Marks\nshould call Mr. Gathright, the Under Secretaries\nCommittee Staff Director. However, I called\nMr. Gathright today to ask him to call Mr. Marks\nto start discussions, but Gathright is on vacation\nfor two weeks. I will speak with him on his return.\nRather than send Mr. Marks the draft NSC letter,\nI would suggest that you call him and convey the pos-\nSecretaries Committee. You also can tell him that I\nsibility that his Commission might work with the Under FORD\nwill be speaking with Mr. Gathright in a few weeks\nand will have Gathright call Mr. Marks.\nGERA\nLIBRARY\nTHE UNITED STATES ADVISORY COMMISSION\nON\nINTERNATIONAL EDUCATIONAL AND CULTURAL AFFAIRS\nWASHINGTON, D.C. 20520\nOFFICE OF THE CHAIRMAN\nPlease reply to\n1920 L Street, N. W.\nWashington, D.C. 20036\n(202) 293-3860\nAugust 4, 1976\nMr. Philip W. Buchen\nCounsel to the President\nThe White House\nWashington, D.C. 20500\nDear Phil\nWhen I saw you this afternoon I told you that I would like to dis-\ncuss my recent suggestions regarding the Basket III provisions\nof the Helsinki Agreement.\nAs a prelude to the meeting, I would like you to consider the\nsuggestion that the White House designate our Advisory Commission\nas a responsible agency to promote various events that would be\nuseful prior to the Belgrade meeting and to report periodically\nto the President and to the Secretary of State on these activities.\nIn my opinion, the creation of the Fenwick Committee to \"monitor\"\ndoes not preclude this step nor relieve the executive of the\nprimary responsibility for fulfilling the objectives of the human\nrights provisions of the agreement.\nIncidentally, I am aware that primary responsibility within the\nWhite House may rest with others but I am writing to you because\nof our earlier discussions on this subject.\nI await your response.\nSincerely\nLIBRARY GERALD R. FORD\nLeonard H. Marks\nMEMORANDUM\n4557\nNATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL\nADMINISTRATIVELY\nCONFIDENTIAL\nAugust 11, 1976\nMEMORANDUM FOR BOBBIE GREENE KILBERG\nFROM:\nJeanne W. Davis\ncul\nSUBJECT:\nCorrespondence from Leonard Marks\nWith reference to your August 9 memorandum to Denis Clift of this Staff\nregarding correspondence from Leonard Marks to Mr. Buchen, the NSC\nUnder Secretaries Committee has responsibility within the Executive\nBranch for monitoring implementation of the provisions of the CSCE Final\nAct and coordination of U.S. Government positions and actions on all CSCE\nmatters. It would not appear desirable to diffuse this centralization of\nresponsibility. Accordingly, any part the Advisory Commission wishes\nto play in the CSCE process should be worked out with the Committee.\nThe proposed reply at Tab A for Mr. Buchen's signature would thank\nMr. Marks for his generous offer and inform him that his suggestion has\nbeen referred to the NSC Under Secretaries Committee Staff. The incoming\ncorrespondence is at Tab B.\nIf and when Mr. Buchen signs the letter, if you will send us a copy we\nwill forward the exchange to the NSG Staff Director.\nuse\nADMINISTRATIVELY\nLEBRARY GERALD R. FORD\nCONFIDENTIAL\nPROPOSED REPLY\nDear Leonard:\nThank you for your letter of August 4 concerning the Helsinki\nAgreement and offering the support of the Advisory Commission in\nimplementing the provisions of the CSCE Final Act. From the outset\nof CSCE, the President has attached the greatest importance to the full\nimplementation of all the provisions of the Final Act by the signatories.\nIn this connection, the NSC Under Secretaries Committee has responsibility\nwithin the Executive Branch for monitoring implementation of the Final\nAct and coordination of U.S. Government positions and actions on all\nCSCE matters. I have asked that your offer of assistance be made\nknown to the Committee's Staff Director, Mr. Wreatham Gathright, in\nthe Office of the Deputy Secretary of State, and you may wish to contact\nhim directly.\nAgain, I appreciate your writing me with your suggestions.\nSincerely,\nPhilip Buchen\nMr. Leonard H. Marks\nis\nFORD\n1920 L Street, N. W.\nWashington, D. C. 20036\nGERALD\nF/LE\nTHE WHITE HOUSE\nWASHINGTON\nHOLD\nJuly 23, 1976\nMEMORANDUM FOR:\nBOBBIE KILBERG\nFROM:\nPHIL BUCHEN\nP.\nSUBJECT:\nImplementation of \"Basket\nThree\" of the Helsinki Pact\nPlease review the attached file which includes an\narticle from The Washington Star of July 19, a\nreport to Congress of April 19, 1976, from the\nU. S. Advisory Commission on Educational and\nCultural Affairs, together with other information\nabout that Commission.\nLeonard Marks met with me on July 14 and pointed\nout that the Helsinki agreement calls for an\ninternational conference in Belgrade during\nJuly 1977. He claims that we are doing very\nlittle in this country to document the manner in\nwhich \"Basket Three\" ideas of the Helsinki pact\nare being implemented on our part -- both through\ngovernment efforts and through private sector\nefforts.\nLeonard believes that the U. S. Advisory Commission\nof which he is Chairman could be an appropriate\nvehicle for that purpose but it would be desirable\nto have the President direct the Commission to ful-\nfill this function. Unfortunately, the Commission\nseems to have been given no attention from within\nthe White House, says Leonard. Leonard indicates\nthat its prior annual reports have been sent but\nhave received no responses. He believes that is\ncontrary to the provisions of the Advisory Commis-\nsion Act. He also believes Representative Fenwick\nof New Jersey, has proposed a Commission of the\nCongress on the same subject and he believes it\nFORD & QERALD LIBRARY\n- 2 -\nhas been incorporated into law, but has not yet\nbeen funded.\nKindly get back to me on the material, considering\nthe points raised by Leonard Marks.\nAttachments\nGERALS 118 FORD\nFriday 7/30/76\n5:10 We have asked the messengers to pick up an envelope\nfrom State Dept. (Joe Gants' office --- Rm. 5417-A)\n632-9500\nwhich concerns what should be done on the Helsinki\nmatter.\nJoe Gants has been working with Monroe\nLeigh on this.\nBobbie said she won't be here but that Mr. Buchen\nshould have it.\nThey took\ntts Bobbie\nLIBRARY GERALD ?\nThursday 7/29/76\n5:20 Bobbie said you wanted a memo written to Scowcroft\non the issue of a Congressinnal/Executive Commission\non Helsinki. She said she hasn't written one because\nthere isn't anything to write, as she has talked with\nMacFarlane and Clift and there will be a draft memo\nfrom Monroe Leigh and they will get together on that.\nShe said they know we're concerned. Indicated you\nthought we should have never signed off on it. But she\nindicates that everyone -- including Lazarus, Friedersdorf,\nDomestic Council (Lissy), NSC, Justice and Defense --\nand Cannon wrote a memo to the President ------ so you\nshouldn't feel badly.\nTwo reasons for it:\n1. Make hay in New Jersey\n(Pictures taken with Sen. Case, Cong. Fenwick?)\n2. People felt in general if he didn't sign it, he\nwould be painted as anti-people (anti-prisoners)\nFORD & DERALO LIBRARY"
}