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1515891
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Nuclear Energy
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1515891
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Nuclear Energy
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James M. Cannon Files (Ford Administration)
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1976-11-30
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1976
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The original documents are located in Box 24, folder "Nuclear Energy" of the James M. Cannon Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Copyright Notice The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Gerald Ford donated to the United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Some items in this folder were not digitized because it contains copyrighted materials. Please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library for access to these materials. puby WASHIN April 1, 1976 Dear Art: Thank you for your letter related to nuclear matters and trade importation regulations. I, too, feel these matters are of great consequence to our nation and deserve every consideration. I shall see that your views are made known to the right people here. It was unfortunate that we were unable to get together when you were in town; however, please call me the next time. With best regards, ve ent 11y, 11y rous Mr. Arthur Spitzer 1011 North Crescent Drive Beverly Hills, California m 90210 he -- Arthur Spitzer FORD LIBRARY & GENALD AS:clb enc. Digitized from Box 24 of the James M. Cannon Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library ARTHUR SPITZER 1011 NO. CRESCENT DRIVE BEVERLY HILLS. CA. 90210 TELEPHONE 213/274-6155 March 17, 1976 Mr. Jim Cannon, Director Domestic Council The White House Washington, D.C. Dear Jim: I am really sorry that I was unable to visit with you last week on my trip to Washington. I tried, but like always, your schedule was a full one, and so was mine. I had wanted to talk to you about the anti-nuclear initiative and the questions that Edward raised with you on nuclear waste disposal, repossessing of fuel, and soft pedaling regarding the breeder research. I am not sure if the following comments fall into your domain; if they do, I would indeed appreciate your consideration, and if not, please pass them on to the appropriate department. My personal concern is the unfair dumping of foreign manufacturer's goods to this country. We are taking too lenient and naive measures against our competitive trade partners. We are having the highest unemployment of any industrial nation in the world, and historically, 50% of these have become, through the years, habitually unemployable. This trend is a frightening and dangerous one. We have to stop this, by all means, and I can assure you without any research that we could reduce unemployment by at least 2 or 3% if we were more firm in our trade agreements and our company executives would take a more protective attitude. I have enclosed three short newspaper clippings of the last few days, along with a copy of a letter which I wrote and was published in the Los Angeles Times per- taining to the above subject. Best Wen regards, Arthur Spitzer BERALD FORD LIBRARY AS:clb enc. Asparagus-Import Curbs Are Reje sted by President By a WALL STREET JOURNAL Staff Reporter WASHINGTON - President Ford Policy ruled against quotas or other restric- Europe, Painful Questions," indi- in Your editorial (Sept. 8), "But, World tions on asparagus imports to protect domestic growers and processors. concerned cates that West Germany is about the United States very Japan reportedly will retaliate The President's action, his first un- der the "import relief" provisions of the taking unilateral deflationary mea- vote by the International Trade Com- if THE one of curbs. 1974 Trade Act, follows a three-to-three years, when this country had an sures. It is too had that in the last 10 that Japan's nation mission on whether the L benefits or the Communisis might reap the policies, GTE Unit Asks Panel 1 this typically arrogant statement, when a. It was To Delay Its Study full. employment. employment andthe Japanese had. un- country hada chronically high Of Japanese TV Prices 1 economic their advisors had never Unfortunately, the President or his foreign trade gauge on based this By a WALL STREET JOURNAL Staff Reporter NEW YORK-GTE Sylvania Inc. asked a vs.unemployment. most important fact-employment federal agency to delay an investigation of ) It is vital that in our international trade negotiations we stress this point to our foreign partners and in- ment is higher than thems, the trade sist that as long as our unemploy- agreement IS to be in our favor. ARTHUR SPITZER LIATINES Leverly Hills THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON May 6, 1976 MEMORANDUM FOR: JIM CANNON FROM: GLENN SCHLEEDE SUBJECT: ERDA/CEQ Dispute on the Scope of Environmental Impact Statements A dispute has developed between ERDA and CEQ having to do with the scope of an environmental impact statement covering the export of nuclear materials and technology. It has major implications not only as a precedent for the scope of future environmental impact statements (i.e. should they cover environmental impact outside the U.S. and on the ability of the U.S. to compete with other nations on exports). I first became aware of the issue on the basis of a call from Jim Connor who had it brought to his attention by NSC. We have had two meetings with the combatants--yesterday afternoon and this morning. Connor considers it serious enough for yourself and Connor to invite Russ Peterson over for a frank talk on the subject. This should occur by tomorrow morning. I would like to discuss this with you, either by phone, or even better, in person with George Humphreys also present. Peterson call Sumans Nuclear Num Peteroor 7/15/76 1) Wewan ERDA - Net Eurn them ACF applies To wt activities Knu wahed it out, Ex-Im Buh - 2) water Quality - ofe y Glen Schleele Engineered - Denner Sympsim Thought much your Gleen saw red. - Car Magh - Comms - Rowden wode a Fed care of et. redropted- Schlede +Rowden - dictated a New version -- bad, rep Rowden QURALA R. FORD Dolt w/ Humphap F Cannor Negative Toward environment. mitated tow by his we couldn't be trusted S-Critice of ecyching study. An things Deliter wee eu please my 0 Then at Conference 1 I 1 ( 1 FORD i LIBRARY THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON October 1 TO: KRIS FROM: CAMERON The attached is for the "Seabrook" file. Seabrook is a nuclear power plant in N.H.-- Governor Meldrim Thomson. Gov Thomson 10/1/76 Submith - Nn C - issued order any further world 3 menber (2-1) - 2 laugers - I technic as of 10/8/76 No softing pottlem FORD is murph didn't l New it 2) Hyz Cat 3) # mastry Grome FORD is LIBRARY GERATO VS NRC ulbor will about Review actuan by applics Brd Cammi cursting order FORD BERALD :- LIBRARY BERALD work wear jobs (603) Home 271-3100 Budges Hope FORDO is LIBRARY 088470 Ken Jun 76 - constructe paints mus ! ond Scaborth stated construter prom NE Contation us Noder Every filed objection while annel peydric De smiles CT of Amprer took up complaint wy your to NEDA 0801 i LIBRARY 076839 FOUND yesterday approate Bd for m faver of cometer proponed spectn hils to new 7nd Next with NNC will veriew it Eaher Caumin studida Radwouth NEPTF with as re to Thunk ARC wm everse FORD & LIBRARY 038870 Nau he uwned 1 Twe are follow Allowely function THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON 19.80taber 20M 12 58 1976 NOTE FOR: JIM CANNON FROM: GLENN June SUBJECT: GAO REPORT ON ERDA PUBLICATION DEALING WITH NUCLEAR ENERGY I think you may be interested in the attached article. I believe GAO is right. The ERDA publication is one of the most biased I have ever seen come out of the Federal Government. Attachment Elem Dayice S agree FORD is LIBRARY 30 Part 1- Thurs., Sept. 30, 1976 Los Angeles Times GAO Calls U.S. A-Power Booklet 'Propaganda' BY ROBERT A. ROSENBLATT Rep. Mark W. Hannaford (D-Calif.) had re- "ERDA should not place itself in a position of Times Staff Writer quested the study by the GAO, the independent misleading others-whether it be the public or WASHINGTON-The General Accounting investigative and auditing arm of the Congress. its own or contractor employes-for the sake Office Wednesday criticized as "propaganda" a booklet on nuclear power circulated in Califor- Hannaford, who released the report, said, "It of improving morale," the GAO said. ERDA of- nia by a federal agency before the statewide is an outrage that ERDA or any other federal ficials told a congressional hearing in May that June vote on a measure to curb nuclear devel- agency should attempt to influence the out- the publication was intended to help producti- adment come of a state election issue in this way." vity and morale among workers at firms with FRDA contracts. THE WHITE HOUSE file WASHINGTON Nuclear October 6, 1976 MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT FROM: JIM CANNON Thiouern SUBJECT: Fallout from the Chinese Nuclear Test This is to report on the fallout from the Chinese Nuclear Test on September 26, 1976. Three agencies, the Environmental Protection Agency, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission and the Energy Research and Development Administration were monitoring the fall- out situation and stepped up their activities as soon as abnormally high concentrations were detected in Pennsylvania. The agencies report: 1. The levels of radiation detected thus far are well below acceptable levels and there- fore there is no danger to the public health. 2. Intensive monitoring activities are con- tinuing but all agencies involved believe that the highest concentrations have already occurred and that the levels will decline rapidly and return to normal within a few days. More details are provided in the attachment. Attachment FORD LIBRARY & CERALD 101425 RADIOACTIVE FALLOUT The cloud from the September 26 test crossed the Pacific and entered the atmosphere over British Columbia about September 30. At least part of the cloud passed over the Chicago area and then into the Middle Atlantic region. The concentrations detected in the Middle Atlantic region were due primarily to the unusually heavy rains occurring over the weekend and on Monday. Heaviest concentrations detected were in Pennsylvania, near the Maryland line. Lesser levels were detected by monitoring stations from New England to Florida. Principal focus was on the isotope Iodine 131 because of its tendency to concentrate in the thyroid of cows, and then in milk. Milk heavily contaminated with Iodine 131 could be a risk to babies. However, the highest concentrations in milk yet detected are in the range of 1% to 5% of the levels that would be a cause of sufficient concern to warrant any special action. "Special action" in this case means switching COWS temporarily to hay rather than live green feed, and using the milk containing Iodine 131 for cheese for a few days. Iodine 131 decays rapidly (half-life of 8 days) ; thus, the observed effect is transitory and radioactivity levels should return to normal within a few days. Iodine 131 concentrations that were detected are from 5 to 20 times normal background levels for Iodine 131. Total radiation levels did not increase by that amount. Intensive monitoring activities will be continued. These include: - Air, water and soil sampling by ERDA, NRC licensees (nuclear power plant installations), and state agencies. - Milk sampling and analysis by EPA and state agencies particularly the State of Pennsylvania. RADIOACTIVE FALLOUT IN PENNSYLVANIA ä Can you confirm the statement from Pennsylvania that dangerous levels of radioactivity have been produced there from fallout of a Chinese nuclear test? A: I understand that EPA officials have looked at the radioactive fallout from the Chinese nuclear test at a number of locations and concluded that no health hazard exists. The dose is less than one thousandth of the annual permissible exposure. Specifically, as it relates to milk ingestion, the effect is much less than our current or contemplated future standards would permit. ä Do our nuclear tests present a fallout problem for us? A: No, U.S. and Soviet tests are conducted underground and designed to prevent fallout. This is consistent with the mutual obligations the U. S., Soviets and many other countries have assumed under the Limited Test Ban Treaty of 1963, which prohibits nuclear testing in the atmosphere. We have encouraged all others, including the Chinese, to observe this ban, and we regret they have not yet chosen to do so. FORD is LIBRARY 0FRALD & Will we protest to the Chinese that they are creating a health hazard in the U.S. ? A: At this time it appears that the level of fallout does not constitute a health hazard and therefore the question of a protest over health hazard does not arise. a Carter has proposed a five-year nuclear testing moratorium, Wouldn't this halt the fallout problem? A: To date the Chinese have shown no interest in limitations on nuclear testing. Whether a cessation of the underground test programs of the U.S. and the USSR would moderate the Chinese position is highly problematical. INFORMATION nuclear THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON Alen problem October 7, 1976 PHONE CALL TO JIM CANNON FROM: KEN LAZARUS (via Allen Moore SUBJECT: Seabrook (New Hampshire) Plant Late Tuesday, October 5, the NRC indicated that it would investigate the merits of the Seabrook case. A hearing date was set for October 26. However, this plan was announced in a manner which will permit construction to continue. No date is set for final disposition of the situation, but a mid-November decision is likely. Environmental groups have gone to court to force a delay of construction until NRC decides on the merits. Lazarus believes these groups have a reasonably good chance for winning a delay. FORD LIBRARY is DERALD Just f. THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON October 21, 1976 Dear Mr. Boyer: The President has asked me to acknowledge and thank you for your thoughtful letter of September 30 concerning the role of nuclear energy. He also appreciates receiving the booklet entitled, "Nuclear Power and the Environment" and the offer of your organization to assist in conveying a better understanding of benefits and safety of nuclear energy. We believe that your organization has made an excellent contribution to a better understanding of the issues surrounding the use of nuclear energy and we look forward to your continuing assistance. We are also hopeful that the President will be able to take advantage of your suggestion that he visit an operating nuclear power plant once his very hectic schedule settles down. Once again, thank you for your letter. Sincerely, James M. Cannon Assistant to the President for Domestic Affairs Mr. Vincent S. Boyer President American Nuclear Society 244 East Ogden Avenue Hinsdale, Illinois 60521 GERALD FORD LIBRARY AMERICAN NUCLEAR SOCIETY Inte 244 EAST OGDEN AVENUE / HINSDALE, ILLINOIS 60521 USA member have staff Philadelphia Electric Co. (open) ACTION 2301 Market Street Philadelphia, PA 19101 U.S.A. September 30P 1976 SCHEDULE BD. VICE PRESIDENT-PRESIDENT ELECT Joseph R. Dietrich DATE RECEIVED Combustion Engineering. Inc. Nuclear Power Department 1000 Prospect Hill Road Windsor, CT 06095 U.S.A. The President OCT 4 1976 TREASURER The White House Harry Lawroski Nuclear Services Corp. Washington, DC 20500 MESSAGE 1700 Dell Avenue SPEAKERS BUREAU Campbell, CA 95008 U.S.A. OTHER E can PAST PRESIDENT Melvin J. Feldman Dear Mr. President: Schleede Oak Ridge National Laboratory Building 7601 APPOINTMENT OFFICE P.O.Box X Oak Ridge, TN 37830 U.S.A. The role of nuclear energy in meeting our nation's need for EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR electrical power is a topic of major interest today, and we commend Octave J. Du Temple American Nuclear Society you for the position which you have taken in this regard. As President 244 East Ogden Avenue Hinsdale, IL 60521 U.S.A. of the American Nuclear Society, I am pleased to offer the services of our organization in adding to your understanding of the benefits and safety of nuclear energy. A description of our Society and its position with regard to energy matters is covered in the attached statement approved by the Board of Directors at last winter's meeting. The technical community has repeatedly expressed its confidence in the economics, environmental benefits, and the safety of nuclear power. Questions and concerns raised by the public have been answered, and I have enclosed a booklet prepared by members of our Society which addresses such questions. Additional copies are readily available. A visit by you or your staff to an operating nuclear power plant and to the laboratories where research work is being performed will convince you of the integrity of our views and the depth of scientific investigations. I would be pleased to arrange for such visitations at your convenience, at which time we could also take up discussions on energy matters of primary interest to you. I look forward to hearing from you in this regard. Very respectfully yours, Boyer Vincent S. Boyer, President FORD LIBRARY Y GERALD STATEMENT OF SUPPORT FOR NUCLEAR POWER BY THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AMERICAN NUCLEAR SOCIETY At its Semi-Annual Meeting on November 16, 1975 in San Francisco, California, the Board of Directors of the American Nuclear Society specifically endorsed the increased use of nuclear energy to meet this nation's immediate needs for electricity. At the same time, the Board expressed strong support for the expanded development of coal, fusion, solar, and geothermal sources of energy which could contribute meaning- fully to the broadening of this country's energy base. In adopting this position, the Board acknowledged the manifesto issued by Dr. Hans Bethe and 33 other key scientists in the nuclear field which said, in part, "We can see no reasonable alternative to an increased use of nuclear power to satisfy our energy needs;" also, "On any scale, the benefits of a clean, inexpensive and inexhaustible domestic fuel far outweigh the possible risks." The American Nuclear Society is a professional society of some 12,000 worldwide members dedicated to the advancement of knowledge concerning the peaceful utilization of nuclear energy. The economic generation of electricity is one major such application. Through its publications and technical meetings, the Society membership subjects the developments in the nuclear energy field to the rigorous scrutiny of the scientific process, namely, the continuing review by the world's most knowledgeable experts in the field. Included in the Society are members from the academic community, regulatory agencies, industry, and the medical and legal fraternities, whose specialties encompass biology, ecology, nuclear engineering, safety, economics, etc., all of which are relevant to valid assessments of nuclear energy. This self-correcting process of peer review has served the public well over the years in many areas of technology, and it provides an ex- haustive technical review, independent of the reviews conducted by regulatory authorities and the industrial community. Accordingly, the Board of Directors of the American Nuclear Society reaffirms its strong support for energy policies which con- template a major role for nuclear power, and the Board further pledges to the public the Society's review of the adequacy of nuclear tech- nology so as to ensure the health and safety of the public. BERALD FURD LIBRARY Fili Seatwork THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON 11/29/76 member Translation under :, the law, we on, ^ at The mrry of The Regional Adm and The Alumination Dre FORD s LIBRARI 076838 UNITED PROTECTION STATES. AGENCY UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY WASHINGTON, D.C. 20460 November 29, 1976 SUBJECT: Seabrook New Hampshire Nuclear Power Plant Under the law, nuclear power plants such as Seabrook must be licensed by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and must pro- cure a permit for the intake structure and for thermal discharges from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). NRC issued a permit to construct Seabrook, subject to the plant's compliance with EPA requirements. The EPA Boston Regional office, in a preliminary determination made in the spring of 1975 specified that Seabrook a) did not need to use cooling towers and b) could be permitted to place its intake and outflow pipes at a location about one mile off shore. This ruling was made under section 316 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972. That Act (together with the regu- lations issued under it) requires any big new power plant to install a closed cycle cooling system unless it can qualify for a waiver under section 316. To so qualify the company must carry the burden of the proof to show that the proposed plant would not have sub- stantial adverse effects on the aquatic environment. That decision was appealed to the Regional Administrator by a number of environmental groups as well as the Attorney General for the State of New Hampshire. At the conclusion of a formal hearing, the Regional Administrator determined that in light of all the evidence then before him, much of it not previously available to the Agency, he could not find that the Company had proved that the proposed locations of the intake and discharge pipes would minimize adverse environmental effects. The Regional Administrator's most recent decision evidently was based on his finding that there is a significant risk of damage to various species, particularly clam larvae. At an early stage in their life cycle such larvae are free floating, and under various conditions a sizable portion of the larvae could be sucked into the intake and destroyed. The Regional Administrator found that the area in question is an important producing area for clams for commercial purposes. The decision does not preclude the Company from reapplying for the permit with additional proof that they have in fact minimized the adverse effects, from moving the location of the two outlets further offshore, or from using cooling towers. The Company, pursuant to applicable regulations, has appealed to the Administrator of EPA for a review of this decision. This is a formal proceeding in which the parties submit briefs and reply briefs. After reviewing the record and the briefs the Administrator may affirm, reverse or in some cases, remand the matter to the Regional Administrator. EPA's procedural regulations governing these proceedings require certain time intervals for the filing of briefs etc. While to the extent possible this matter will be ex- pedited there is no way that it can be resolved much before three months from the date of appeal. The process will probably require at least three months and could take longer in view of its complexity. It should be pointed out that during this period ex-parte communi- cations with the Administrator or anyone else involved in making the final decision are prohibited by law. If such communications occur the Administrator would probably be disqualified from deciding the matter. For this reason John Quarles will be responding to public inquiries concerning Seabrook. He will make certain that the Administrator is insulated from such communications until the matter is resolved. 2