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Ford Press Releases - Crime, 1968-1969
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Ford Press Releases - Crime, 1968-1969
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The original documents are located in Box D6, folder "Ford Press Releases - Crime, 1968- 1969" of the Ford Congressional Papers: Press Secretary and Speech File at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Copyright Notice The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. The Council donated to the United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Office Copy NEWS CONGRESSMAN GERALD R. FORD HOUSE REPUBLICAN LEADER RELEASE --FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Jan. 9, 1968 House Republicans will launch at legislative attack on loan-sharking, narcotics peddling and organized gambling in the session of Congress beginning Jan. 15, House GOP Leader Gerald R. Ford of Grand Rapids said today. Ford said the GOP will offer a package of three anti-crime bills as part of an overall assault on the Nation's crime problem. He noted that loan-sharking, narcotics trafficking and organized gambling are the three major money-makers of Mafia-type syndicates and produce an annual "take" of about $10 billion. Pointing up his personal support of the House GOP anti-crime drive, Ford has introduced a bill directed at loan-sharking--the practice of lending money at highly exhorbitant rates of interest to individuals unable to borrow from legal sources. This is the first of the three bills in the GOP war-on-crime program, Ford said. Ford's anti-loan-sharking bill would make it a federal rime for anyone to lend money at illegal rates of interest. Federal penalties would apply whenever such a loan interfered with or affected interstate commerce, or whenever any part of the loan transaction or efforts at collecting the loan or interest on it crossed state lines. The interest rates involved would be deemed illegal under the Ford bill whenever they exceeded the rate permitted in a particular state. "If my bill is enacted into law," Ford said, "it will go a long way toward drying up a principal source of revenue for organized crime." "Loan-sharking is clearly a part of organized crime on a national level, yet there is no federal law which deals directly or effectively with it." Ford noted that the President's Crime Commission found loan-sharking to be second only to gambling as a source of revenue for organized crime. The commission also found, Ford pointed out, that loan-sharking is directly related to gambling and narcotics trafficking--because gamblers borrow to pay their losses and addicts borrow to purchase narcotics. FORD Ford also emphasized that small busine ssmen whose operations a re marginal sometimes fall victim to loan sharks. He said congressional committee reports are fill with accounts of how small businesses have been taken over by the syndicate, after the syndicate got its foothold through a loan shark. Sixteen other House Republicans have joined with Ford in introducing the loan-sharking bill. Fourteen of them are members of the House GOP Task Force on Crime. The others are the senior Republican on the House Judiciary Committee and the senior Republican on the House Committee on Banking and Currency. FORD LIBRARY ### Digitized from Box D6 of the Ford Congressional Papers: Press Secretary and Speech File at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library CONGRESSMAN NEWS GERALD R. FORD HOUSE REPUBLICAN LEADER RELEASE --FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE-- January 25, 1968 Remarks by Rep. Gerald R. Ford, R-Mich., Prepared for Delivery on the Floor of the House, Thursday, Jan. 25, 1968. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to revise and extend my remarks. Mr. Speaker, a page one story in the New York Times this morning reveals that organized crime has moved into Wall Street through the device of loan-sharking. I ask unanimous consent that the New York Times story be printed in the Congressional Record immediately following my remarks. Mr. Speaker, the testimony now being given before a committee of the New York Legislature on loan-sharking and organized crime points up the need for swift action by the Congress to swing federal investigators into action against loan-sharking--one of the principal sources of revenue for the crime syndicates. We have a vehicle for that purpose in a bill due to come to the House floor shortly--the Truth-In-Lending Bill which yesterday was granted a three-hour open rule by the House Rules Committee. The Truth-In-Lending Bill is urgently needed, and there will be Republican support for it in the House as in the Senate. As reported out of committee, however, the legislation would not touch upon the tremendous problem of loan- sharking. I wish to announce that Republicans will offer an amendment to the Truth-In- Lending Bill to give additional protection to the man who has to borrow money. Our amendment will zero in on the lending of money at illegally high rates of interest. It will unleash federal agents in a drive to rid the country of the scourge of loan-sharking and to weaken the financial underpinnings of organized crime. It seems safe to predict that the House will overwhelmingly approve this amendment. There now is no federal loan-sharking statute on the books. Mr. Speaker, the Republican loan-sharking amendment has been carefully prepared by Rep. William B. Widnall, senior Republican on the Banking and Currency Committee, and Rep. Richard H. Poff, member of the Judiciary Committee and chairman of the House Republican Task Force on Crime. (more) -2- The loan-sharking proposal first was offered in a bill introduced last December by all members of the Task Force, the senior Republican on the Judiciary Committee, Rep. William M. McCulloch, and me. Mr. Speaker, the Republican amendment to the Truth-In-Lending Bill would make it a violation of federal law for anyone to lend money at illegal rates of interest. The interest rate involved would be deemed illegal whenever it exceeded the rate permitted in a particular state. Federal penalties of a $10,000 fine or 10 years in jail would apply whenever such a loan interfered with or affected interstate commerce, or whenever any part of the loan transaction or efforts at collecting the loan or interest on it crossed state lines. Mr. Speaker, evidence of the infiltration of Wall Street by loan sharks and mobsters underscores the urgency of immediate action to bring the full force of federal investigative power into play against loan-sharking and all it entails. Mr. Speaker, the House Republican Task Force on Crime has spent months in preparing this loan-sharking legislation. The legislation resulting from this group's efforts deserves the careful consideration of the House. The loan-sharking amendment merits ringing endorsement. # # # affice Cafey STATEMENT BY REP. GERALD R. FORD February 8, 1968 Mr. Speaker: Yesterday the President sent his message on crime to the Congress. He told the Congress that -- and I quote: "Thousands of Americans are killed or injured each year by criminal acts. Many thousands more are unable to use the streets of their cities without fear, or to feel secure in their homes or shops. "Property valued at almost $4 billion is lost through crime every year. Millions of dollars are taken from the productive economy by organized racketeers -- money that should be in the pockets of the poor, or in the bank accounts of honest businessmen. "For decades our system of criminal justice has been neglected. "For decades the conditions that nourish crime have been gathering force." Republicans ask the President why he has waited until now to take action? We ask why he has ignored the findings and recommendations of his own Crime Commission until now? I think that every Member of Congress knows that crime is our number one domestic problem. The fact and fear of crime stalks our nation. Since 1960 the reported rate of crime has increased over 88 percent. This alarming increase cannot be attributed to population growth, which has increased only 10 percent since 1960. Republicans believe that the Administration must account to the nation for these figures. All levels of government -- local, state and national -- share responsibility for the safety of our nation. - 2 - Control and prevention of crime is not solely a respon- sibility of government. In the first and last analysis it is the responsibility of every American. Crime cannot and will not be controlled without the support and assistance of all responsible citizens. Americans need effective and sustained leadership to mobilize and properly channel their concern into constructive effort. The greatest failure of the Johnson Administration is its failure to provide Americans with this much needed leadership. No program can fill a leadership gap. Republicans welcome the President's pledge to fight crime. But we express both disappointment and concern over inadequacies of the President's proposed program. The President has failed to fully recognize the problems of crime in America and effectively respond to the challenge. His proposed program is much like a prize fighter with dazzling foot work, but no punch. I am concerned that an analysis will show that the President has given the nation a political document and not a much needed plan for national action. Crime must be brought under control substantially reduced. The Republican Party is committed to solving this problem which each year grows as a deepening crisis. While the Johnson Adminis- tration slept, Republicans have developed and introduced specific legislative proposals designed to control and prevent crime and lawlessness. I believe these Republican proposals offer great promise for alleviating the problems of crime. - 3 - Indeed, the fact that the President has recommended the enactment of two proposals which were developed, drafted, introduced, and overwhelmingly supported by House Republicans -- the Cramer anti-riot bill and the Railsback appeals bill -- is but a sampling of the commitment and ability within our Party to solve this problem of crime. Others from our side of the aisle will discuss other instances where Republican leadership has substantially improved Administration anti-crime legislation in this and previous Congresses. Congressional Record United States of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 90ᵗʰ CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION Vol. 114 WASHINGTON, THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 8, 1968 No. 19 CRIME IN AMERICA AND THE REPUBLICAN ANSWER A Report to the American People Mr. GERALD R. FORD. Mr. Speaker, local, State, and National-share respon- I thank the gentleman from Virginia earlier this afternoon, the distinguished sibility for the safety of our Nation. for yielding to me. ranking minority member of the House Control and prevention of crime is not Mr. POFF. I thank the gentleman for Committee on the Judiciary, the gentle- solely a responsibility of government. In his contribution. man from Ohio [Mr. McCuLLoch], made the first and last analysis it is the re- Recognizing the hour, Mr. Speaker, I some excellent observations concerning sponsibility of every American. Crime shall be as brief as the subject will per- the President's crime message and the cannot and will not be controlled without mit. recommendations contained therein. the support and assistance of all re- I believe it is fair to say that insofar The gentleman from Ohio [Mr. McCuL- sponsible citizens. Americans need effec- as the President's crime message deliv- LOCH] has been informed of the special tive and sustained leadership to mobilize ered to the Congress yesterday is an indi- order taken by the gentleman from and properly channel their concern into cation that he not only is concerned Virginia [Mr. POFF] and he does know constructive effort. The greatest failure about but also that he finally means to the sentiments that will be expressed in of the Johnson administration is its do something about the problem of crime general by Members of the committee failure to provide Americans with this in this country, all Republicans will wel- and Members of the Republican task much needed leadership. No program can come the message. fill a leadership gap. Until now I think it is further fair to force. The gentleman from Ohio [Mr. McCULLoch], who has had great ex- Republicans welcome the President's say that the administration has been perience in the field, is coauthor of a pledge to fight crime. But we express both content to rely principally upon oration number of the Republican bills which disappointment and concern over inade- and outrage. The legislative measures quacies of the President's proposed pro- that have been proposed have been until will be discussed. His leadership has con- gram. The President has failed to fully now too few, too narrow, and too slow in tributed greatly to the overall Republi- recognize the problems of crime in Amer- coming. It is apparent that there has can effort in this field. Mr. Speaker, yesterday the President ica and effectively respond to the chal- been some change in the climate now and sent his message on crime to the Con- lenge. His proposed program is much like with it hopefully a recognition that what gress. He told the Congress that- a prize fighter with dazzling foot work, has been offered so far has been inap- Thousands of Americans are killed or in- but no punch. propriate and inadequate to meet the challenge. I suggest that it is too early to jured each year by criminal acts. Many thou- I am concerned that an analysis will attempt to make a definitive analysis of sands more are unable to use the streets of show that the President has given the the President's proposal. We do not at- their cities without fear, or to feel secure Nation a political document and not a in their homes or shops. tempt to assume either a negative pos- much needed plan for national action. Property valued at almost $4 billion is ture or positive posture with respect to Crime must be brought under control lost through crime every year. Millions of the specific proposals itemized by the dollars are taken from the productive econ- and substantially reduced. The Repub- President. What we do mean to make omy by organized racketeers-money that lican Party is committed to solving this plain now is that the sense of urgency should be in the pockets of the poor, or in problem which each year grows as a conveyed by the entire message cannot the bank accounts of honest businessmen. deepening crisis. While the Johnson ad- help but produce the priority treatment For decades our system of criminal justice ministration slept, Republicans have de- of crime measures which is so urgently has been neglected. veloped and introduced specific legisla- needed in the Congress this year. This is For decades the conditions that nourish tive proposals designed to control and all to the good. Whatever the motives crime have been gathering force. prevent crime and lawlessness. I believe behind the President's new posture, the Republicans ask the President why he these Republican proposals offer great end result will benefit all Americans. By has waited until now to take action? We promise for alleviating the problems of embracing some Republican ideas he has ask why he has ignored the findings and crime. at the very least laid a predicate for a recommendations of his own Crime Indeed, the fact that the President meaningful dialog on an issue that Commission until now? has recommended the enactment of two troubles every thoughtful American re- I think that every Member of Congress proposals which were developed, drafted, gardless of party. knows that crime is our No. 1 domestic introduced, and overwhelmingly sup- Those who heard the President's mes- problem. The fact and fear of crime ported by House Republicans-the sage and who had an opportunity to read stalks our Nation. Since 1960 the re- Cramer antiriot bill and the Railsback it since recognize, I think, its distinct Re- ported rate of crime has increased over appeals bill-is but a sampling of the publican flavor. It contained much of 88 percent. This alarming increase can- commitment and ability within our Republican origination and Republican not be attributed to population growth, party to solve this problem of crime. orientation. Of the 22 proposals specifi- which has increased only 10 percent Others from our side of the aisle will cally explained by the President, four since 1960. discuss other instances where Republi- have such a Republican orientation. The Republicans believe that the admin- can leadership has substantially im- immunity legislation which the Presi- istration must account to the Nation for proved administration anticrime legis- dent called upon the Congress to enact is these figures. All levels of government— lation in this and previous Congresses. legislation previously endorsed by the (more) Republican task force on crime. I might (Mr. TAFT asked and was given per- Banking and Currency and the ranking Mi- add it was urgently proposed by the mission to revise and extend his re- nority member of the Committee on the Ju- President's own Crime Commission sev- marks.) diciary. eral months ago. Mr. TAFT. Mr. Speaker, while I was 4. Obstruction of investigation-a bill which would make it a federal crime to in- Second, as has been indicated already, not serving in the Congress of the terfere with or obstruct investigations by the legislation which passed the House United States at the time of the original federal agents by the intimidation of po- last year making it possible for the Gov- hearings which were held on the anti- tential witnesses. Legislation of this nature ernment to take an appeal on a motion riot proposal of the gentleman from was passed by the Congress and enacted into to suppress evidence or confessions was Florida [Mr. CRAMER], I wonder if I am law during the First Session. It was first pro- legislation offered by the distinguished not correct in my recollection of the posed by Rep. William Cramer (R.-Fla.), a gentleman from Illinois [Mr. RAILSBACK]. hearings that were held at that time, Task Force member, in 1960, and is contained in Title I of the Criminal Procedures Re- Again I think it is important to re- and out of which this bill grew, relating vision Act. member that it was the distinguished to the interstate activities of the Ku 5. False statements-a bill which makes minority leader who first in the January Klux Klan and other organizations of the rules of evidence in perjury prosecu- 1966 Republican state of the Union mes- that type, which were repeated over and tions less rigid and more realistic. This is sage suggested that a National Institute over again by the various witnesses who contained in Title II of the Criminal Pro- of Law Enforcement and Criminal Jus- appeared before the Committee on the cedures Revision Act and was recommended tice would make a proper shop for the Judiciary? by the Katzenbach Crime Commission. conduct of basic research in new tech- Mr. POFF. In very large measure that 6. Profits from Criminal activities-a bill which makes it a federal crime to invest niques in law enforcement and in pris- is true. And, the author of the amend- money which has been earned from illegal oner rehabilitation. The President in his ment, during the course of the debate, racket activities in legitimate businesses. This message adopted the essence of that was careful to call attention to the fact is the Criminal Activites Profits Act (H.R. suggestion and then went forward to that it was aimed at such activities; that 11268, June 29, 1967) co-sponsored by the suggest an expansion of the program it had a broad application; it had a Task Force. currently conducted in this area by the worthy application then as it has a 7. Funds unreported for tax purposes-a worthy application now. And, the star- bill which makes it a federal crime to invest FBI at Quantico. Finally, and most conspicuously, the tling thing is that the President of the money which has not been reported for in- President has called now for the adoption United States has only recently become come tax purposes in legitimate business. This is H.R. 11266, co-sponsored by the Task of an antiriot bill. Those who have ob- aware of the merits of such application. Force, and principally aimed at organized served the Congress will recall the Mr. Speaker, if I may continue for just crime. chronology of this legislation. It was a moment, while I say it might be pre- 8. Joint Congressional Committee on Or- first proposed as an amendment to the mature to make an analysis of certain ganized Crime-a bill creating a permanent Civil Rights Act of 1966 by the gentle- proposals in the President's message, it bi-partisan Committee of both Houses of man from Florida [Mr. CRAMER]. That would be appropriate to take note of Congress to investigate organized crime and amendment was adopted in the face of some of the omissions in the President's report its extent, impact and effect to the American public. This is H.R. 6054, first pro- a substitute by an overwhelming vote. message. posed by Rep. Cramer. And, as all will recall the legislation, Last year the Republican task force on II. INVESTIGATIONS AND PRETRIAL PROCEDURES after it passed the House, went to the crime proposed a series of bills and en- other body where it died that year. I dorsed other bills in the general law en- 1. Motions to suppress-a bill creating in forcement area to most of which the the Government a limited right to appeal to think the date upon which the bill was a higher Court the granting of a defendant's debated is significant. That date was President made no reference. I ask unan- motion to suppress confessions and other July 19, 1967. And, in order to demon- imous consent that I be permitted to ex- evidence. H.R. 8654, proposed by Rep. Thomas strate that the President's recommenda- tend at this point in the RECORD an ex- Railsback (R.-III.), a member of the Task tion of the antiriot bill is something of a cerpt from the report of the task force. Force, is such a bill and such a provision is new approach insofar as the administra- The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. contained in Title I of the Task Force spon- tion is concerned, I think it is well to NEDZI). Is there objection to the re- sored Criminal Procedures Revision Act. The quest of the gentleman from Virginia? bill has passed the House. remember that the distinguished chair- 2. Searches incident to arrests-a bill to man of the Committee on the Judiciary There was no objection. codify, and make less confusing, the existing of the House of Representatives during The excerpts referred to follow: law of search and seizure where lawful ar- the course of that debate, made it plain I. ORGANIZED CRIME rests are involved. Title I of the Criminal at that time that the Attorney General 1. Electronic surveillance-a bill which Procedures Revision Act contains a provision of the United States, the chief law-en- outlaws all wiretapping and electronic eaves- to this effect. forcement officer of the United States, a dropping except by law enforcement officials 3. Searches pursuant to warrants-a bill to member of the President's Cabinet, was under Court approval and continuing Court permit the issuance of search warrants for supervision during national security investi- property which constitutes evidence of the opposed to the antiriot bill. In order, Mr. Speaker, that this may be made crystal gations and investigations of certain or- offense in connection with which the war- ganized crime type cases. The Task Force rant is issued. This is in conformity with a clear, I would like to quote from the daily believes that enactment of this legislation recent Supreme Court decision (Warden V. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD for July 19, 1967, would be the single most important step in Hayden). It is the subject of H.R. 8653, pro- at page H8940 a portion of the statement combatting organized crime. The McCulloch- posed by Rep. Railsback, and contained in made by the chairman of the Commit- Ford bill (H.R. 13275, October 3, 1967), co- Title I of the Criminal Procedures Revision sponsored by the Task Force, follows the Act. tee on the Judiciary of the House of Rep- resentatives, the gentleman from New blue-print for such legislation fashioned 4. Execution of search warrants-a bill to York [Mr. CELLER]. He stated in part as by the Supreme Court in the Berger case. permit the issuance of search warrants au- 2. Witness immunity-a bill to expand the thorizing the officer executing it to enter the follows: power of the Government to compel the place to be searched without announcing his The distinguished Attorney General on testimony of hostile witnesses by granting identity and purpose where the Judge or "Meet The Press" last Sunday said he was them immunity from prosecution when they Commissioner has determined that physical opposed to this bill And in the conver- plead the Fifth Amendment during the in- evidence sought is likely to be destroyed or sation that I had with the Attorney General vestigation and during the trial of certain when danger to the officer exists. This is one in my office yesterday he repeated to me that organized crime cases. Title II of the Crimi- of the provisions of the Criminal Procedures he was opposed to the bill. nal Procedures Revision Act (H.R. 11267, Revision Act, patterned after H.R. 8652, spon- Mr. Speaker, "yesterday" would have June 29, 1967), co-sponsored by the Task sored by Rep. Railsback. Force contains this provision. been July 18. July 18 was 4 days after the III. THE POLICE 3. Loan-sharking-a bill (H.R. 14373, De- first outbreak of the Newark riots and, cember 11, 1967) which would make it a 1. Survivorship and disability benefits-a now, some several months later, for the federal crime to lend money at rates of in- proposal to provide Federal survivorship and first time the President is recommend- terest prohibited by State law whenever disability benefits for local police and non- ing the adoption of antiriot legislation. such a loan interferes with or affects inter- federal law enforcement officers who are Mr. TAFT. Mr. Speaker, will the gen- state commerce or whenever any part of the killed or injured while assisting federal of- tleman yield? loan transaction or efforts at collection cross ficers in the apprehension of, for example, state lines. In addition to the Chairman bank robbers, kidnappers and AWOL military Mr. POFF. I shall be happy to yield and members of the Task Force, this bill is personnel. The Survivorship Program origi- to the distinguished gentleman from sponsored by the Minority leader, the rank- nally proposed was broadened to include a Ohio. ing Minority member of the Committee on disability program in a bill introduced by Chairman Poff and endorsed by the Task (over) Force. This legislation passed the House this patriotic Americans abhor that possi- many contributions and his leadership. year. bility. It was because we have such fears I also would like to add, I am now IV. THE COURTS that the Cahill amendment was attached reliably informed that 49 of the 50 Gov- 1. Bail reform-a proposal to re-examine to the safe streets bill. ernors have endorsed the House version and amend the Bail Reform Act of 1966 to The orginial safe streets bill, the Mem- of the anticrime bill that was passed in allow the Courts more discretion in granting bers will recall, vested complete author- 1967. This is the legislation which grew or denying release on personal recognizance to defendants who are found to be a danger ity in the Attorney General of the United out of the Cahill amendments to the States to administer the funds authorized committee bill. This endorsement by 49 to the community or in revoking the release of those who have committed other crimes and appropriated by the Congress under out of our 50 Governors should insure after release. this legislation, and to allocate money the support of the administration for 2. Federal Magistrates-a bill to abolish among the several States, or communi- this legislation. the present U.S. Commissioner system and ties in the States, as he in his sole dis- Mr. POFF. The gentleman has antici- to replace it with a lower-tier of judicial cretion saw fit. pated my speech and put it infinitely officers, U.S. Magistrates, who are empowered The Cahill amendment, on the other more eloquently than I could. to handle minor trials and otherwise per- form routine Court functions that presently hand, conceived with a block-grant ap- Mr. MAcGREGOR. Mr. Speaker, will occupy the time of Federal judges that ought proach, returned primary control of the the gentleman yield? to be devoted to more serious matters. S. 945, funds and operation of the program to Mr. POFF. I yield to the gentleman. proposed by Senator Tydings (D.-Md.) and the State and local authorities where it Mr. MACGREGOR. I would like to give Scott (R.-Pa.) is such a bill. belonged. credit at this time to some of the very V. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Mr. MAcGREGOR. Mr. Speaker, will able supporters of the efforts and leader- 1. The District Anti-Crime bill-an omni- the gentleman yield at that point? ship of the gentleman from New Jersey bus anti-crime bill dealing with special law Mr. POFF. I yield to the gentleman [Mr. CAHILL], specifically to Republican enforcement proposals for the District of from Minnesota. Congressman BIESTER of Pennsylvania, Columbia. H.R. 10783 passed the House on Mr. MAcGREGOR. Mr. Speaker, I the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. RAILS- June 26, 1967, by a vote of 355 to 14. wish to subscribe to and endorse the BACK], and the gentleman from Illinois 2. Appropriations and personnel-pro- posals to increase the authorized strength of most excellent summary made by the [Mr. McCLORY], who were the prime the District of Columbia Police Department, distinguished gentleman from Virginia, architects in supporting the gentleman to increase the staff of the District Bail regarding the law enfrocement and from New Jersey [Mr. CAHILL] in devel- Agency and to provide for personnel to su- criminal justice assistance act passed by oping and gaining wide support from pervise the activities of defendants released the House of Representatives in August Republicans and Democrats alike for the on personal recognizance prior to trial. of last year. I am sure the gentleman excellent Law Enforcement Assistance Mr. POFF. Mr. Speaker, these bills, we joins with me in deploring the fact that Act of 1967. think, enjoyed a large measure of sup- this excellent legislation, commended by Mr. POFF. I thank the gentleman. port from every echelon of Government the National Association of Attorneys Mr. TAFT. I would like to ask the gen- and the entire community which deals General, by virtually all agencies con- tleman a question with regard to the Law with the problem of criminal justice in cerned with law enforcement and crimi- Enforcement Assistance Act-or, if you America. The subjects they address in- nal justice, this excellent House bill, has want to call it, the safe streets bill. I clude the prevention of crime, methods of languished without effective action in the think there may be a lack of understand- apprehension, arrest, interrogation and U.S. Senate. ing as to the impact of this bill. prosecution of the suspect, and rehabili- One further point I deem it most im- The impact of this bill, as I under- tation of the convicted criminal. portant to make here: I regret that the stand it, is one of funds-the funds that We suggest that the President and his President in his crime message has go to the training of law enforcement of- advisers will want to examine this list charted a course of retreat in support for ficers; how those funds are distributed, of bills and hopefully give bipartisan sup- local and State law enforcement, and and how they can be most effective. port to those which they consider criminal justice instrumentalities. I certainly share the gentleman's as- meritorious. The President a year ago in February sessment of the Cahill amendment and Further omissions in the President's of 1967 indicated in his crime message to the direction that we hope any final leg- message, I believe, should be under- the Congress of that date that- islation will take. scored. First of all I was disappointed to Our best estimate is that the federal in- I think there is in the minds of the learn that the President did not take vestment under this act- public a concept that there is something the opportunity to endorse the legisla- over and beyond mere assistance in the The Crime Control Act- tion which passed the House last year on financing of police training and other in its second year would be approximately June 6, 1967. That legislation originally law enforcement activities and research. $300 million. was known as the safe streets bill; finally I think we should point out that the very under amendment in committee it be- Then Attorney General Ramsey Clark, guts of the bill is what we are talking came known as the Law Enforcement and in testimony on March 15 of 1967, before about here. Criminal Justice Act. The President did the House Committee on the Judiciary, This is the impact of the bill. There is recommend again the passage of the safe said: no special activity or special magic that streets bill, but seemed anxious to insist For fiscal year 1969 $300 million will be the Federal Government brings to this that the bill which is passed by the Con- asked to commence a sweeping action pro- situation. gress be the bill which he proposed to gram. Mr. POFF. I am glad the gentleman the Congress. It was with great disappointment that has brought out that point. All those who The Republican amendment offiered by I found the President in his state of the are knowledgeable in the field agree, and the gentleman from New Jersey [Mr. Union message and again in his crime this includes the President's own crime CAHILL], we believe, made a significant message retreating from $300 million to commission, that the chief need is im- improvement in the legislation, and we $100 million in his recommended support proved training and better and more trust that the president will see fit to of the Law Enforcement and Criminal police officers at the State and local lend his endorsement and pronounce his Justice Assistance Act for its second levels. This is exactly the target of this endorsement in the other body. year; namely, fiscal year 1969. legislation. At that point I believe parenthetically Mr. POFF. I thank the gentleman for Continuing now, if I may briefly, Mr. it should be said that we Republicans his most meaningful contribution. Speaker, to comment upon the more con- agree with the President-when he makes Mr. GERALD R. FORD. Mr. Speaker, spicuous omissions in the President's the point that essentially law enforce- will the gentleman yield? crime message, a similar amendment to ment is a responsibility of State and local Mr. POFF. I yield to the gentleman. that just discussed was offered to the governments. And we do agree, because Mr. GERALD R. FORD. Let me say Juvenile Delinquency Act adopted in the we share the concern of all thoughtful most emphatically that certainly the House last year and again that amend- people that too much concentration of country is the beneficiary because the ment was of Republican origin. too much power at the Federal level of Republican task force on crime is I hope that the President did not mean, government tends toward the develop- headed by the gentleman from Virginia. be anything that he said in his message, ment of a national police state, and all I, and my colleagues, are grateful for his to disavow or reject that amendment to (more) that legislation. I think we all welcomed the President's the gentleman yield? Another measure that the President message this week. We welcomed the as- Mr. POFF. I yield to the gentleman did not mention is the amendment sessment of this very shrewd politician from Minnesota. adopted by an overwhelming vote by the that this is a major issue. We welcomed Mr. MACGREGOR. Mr. Speaker, today House only last week while the House an indication that he was putting the a clergyman from St. Paul, Minn., visited was debating the truth-in-lending bill. prestige of his office behind a leadership me in my office. He is one of a number That amendment, as you will recall, posture which would be more construc- of Minnesota clergymen who has made was aimed at organized crime involve- tive in the reduction of this issue and the a commitment to do more in the contest reduction of the terrible concerns of the against the growing incidents of juvenile ment in the nefarious practice of loan American people for the safety of the delinquency both in his city and in the sharking. I am hopeful that the President's fail- streets. State of Minnesota. ure to mention this amendment was in- I, was pleased to note the President's He commended me on my appearance tended to indicate his support of that comments about the so-called safe streets a week ago Friday night at Macalester amendment. bill and his hope that the Congress would College in St. Paul as the final banquet Mr. SMITH of New York. Mr. Speak- address itself to a resolution of the im- speaker at a meeting of clergy and lay- passe which resulted from the Senate's men concerned about juvenile delin- er, will the gentleman yield? Mr. POFF. I yield to the gentleman unwillingness to accept the House ver- quency. sion, at least as it appears to the present I gave him a copy of the President's from New York. time. I know that with the weight of the crime message of yesterday. He sat in my Mr. SMITH of New York. I would like President behind a resolution of this im- office while I was on a long distance to bring to the attention of the House that it was through the efforts of the passe, we are going to make some prog- telephone call, and read from the mess- gentleman in the well that the amend- ress, progress that is desperately needed. age, and later quoted to me the following Mr. Speaker, I hope that the Presi- words of the President of the United ment which make loan sharking a Fed- eral crime was added to the truth-in- dent's message and his great emphasis States: lending bill. I think that this was an on the fact that the Attorney General is I propose the passage of the Juvenile De- activity for the great benefit of the the man to call if one is concerned about linquency Prevention Act. United States, that the gentleman in the crime indicates also that we will find a This clergyman said to me: "Congress- well perfected this amendment to make new vigor in the expressed attitudes of man, do you think it will pass?" I said: loan sharking a Federal crime, and se- the Attorney General toward the prob- "It already has passed the House of Rep- cured its attachment to the truth-in- lems of organized crime, particularly in resentatives, in September of last year. lending bill. the wiretapping area. Many of us have To be sure the House in its wisdom re- I am interested to note that the Presi- been concerned about where we were wrote the bill recommended by the ad- dent in his message said: headed there. Certainly, organized crime ministration. It tailored the bill to the Organized crime is big business in Amer- is one very legitimate concern of the Republican philosophy of the proper role Federal Government. ica. for the Federal Government in the fight It involves a network, a countrywide against juvenile delinquency, and it I think this is something that Repub- network, and one which is interstate passed the House of Representatives by licans in this House and the Republican commerce of the most nefarious sort. an overwhelming majority." The clergy- task force on crime have been saying We look forward to some new ap- man look at me and said: "I find no loudly and clearly for some time. He proaches, to some new vigor in the fight reference to that fact in the President's went on to say that- against organized crime, if the Presi- message. Could you tell me why?" I said: Its sinister effect pervades too many cor- dent's message means what we all hope "Sir, you have not addressed your ques- ners of America today-through gambling, it does, because in the final analysis, this tion to the right party. I cannot look into loan sharking, corruption, extortion, and battle cannot be fought with words. It the mind of another man." large movement of narcotics. has to be fought with leadership of the I said: "I will make available to you the I am hopeful also, with the gentle- highest order, it has to be fought with full text of the bill as passed by the man in the well, that the President's determination, and it has to be fought by House in September of last year, the bill omission to say anything about specific all sides of our political system, by all which will make a meaningful contribu- legislation in regard to loan sharking parts of our Government. tion to the fight against juvenile delin- indicates that he will support the gen- I know the Republican task force on quency, which will do so in a proper and tleman's amendment. crime will indicate its efforts and its best most humanitarian way. I will also send Mr. POFF. I thank the gentleman for thought to continuing the battle we have you a copy of the debate in the House his kind comments. now been fighting for a year, in coopera- of Representatives, SO that you may un- May I reciprocate by saying how for- tion with the President if possible, but, derstand the reasons for the rejection by tunate the task force is to have a merh- regardless of partisanship and regard- the House of Representatives of the ad- ber with the distinguished background less of the possibilities of cooperation, at ministration recommendations and the that he has enjoyed at the bar and on least to the fullest extent of our capa- adoption of those put forward under the the bench. bilities. leadership of individual Republican Con- Mr. CONABLE. Mr. Speaker, will the Mr. Speaker, again I commend the gressmen serving in the House." gentleman yield? speaker in the well for the remarkable He said: "I hope you will. Is it not too Mr. POFF. I yield to the gentleman contributions he has made, for his dili- bad that you do not have a voice equal to from New York. gence, for his thoughtfulness, and for that of the occupant of 1600 Pennsyl- Mr. CONABLE. Mr. Speaker, I saw the leadership he has given to our task vania Avenue, so that the entire country some consternation on the faces of those force. would understand that excellent progress who remain as I walked in with these Mr. POFF. Mr. Speaker, I thank the legislatively in the Congress has already eggs. I want to assure you I am not plan- gentleman. been made on this problem of juvenile ning to pelt anyone with them. I would I know all on the task force agree with delinquency prevention?" like, rather, to pass out some bouquets to me when I say that the gentleman brings Hopefully, Mr. Speaker, attention can the chairman of our crime task force, a great reservoir of talent to our efforts. eventually be drawn to the impasse which who has been tirelessly and thoughtfully Mr. CONABLE. Mr. Speaker, will exists in the U.S. Senate, and whatever exploring the scope of this issue, which is the gentleman yield? reasons there may be for the delay, that so important to the American people. Mr. POFF. I yield to the gentleman those reasons will disappear, and inac- This task force has been working hard for a long time, and I am proud to have from New York. tion will end and action will take place been a member of it. I think it will con- Mr. CONABLE. Mr. Speaker, I would in our other Chamber across the other tinue to work hard for some time to like to suggest that the gentleman from side of this building. come. While this is not a partisan issue, Mississippi would be welcome on the Re- All Americans deeply concerned about it is an issue of the people-really the publican task force on crime. He has only the growing rise of crime and juvenile to make one modest change. delinquency should indeed be demanding people's greatest issue. It certainly is the Mr. Speaker, we all appreciate the that our sister Chamber take the same kind of issue that should have the at- character of the gentleman's contribu- sort of constructive action which was tention of us all, regardless of party, re- tions to the fight against crime. taken here in the House of Representa- gardless of our particular concerns in Mr. MACGREGOR. Mr. Speaker, will tives last August and last September. this field. (over) Mr. POFF. I thank the gentleman. of legislation when he reaffirmed again by Federal Statute when the facilities of in- Before I conclude I should like to say the statement he made last year, in his terstate commerce are used. For example, that the thing in the President's message message about crime this year, in which there is the Mann-Act, the prohibition against which disappointed me most was his in- he said: the interstate transportation of strike break- sistence once again upon the wiretap bill Public order is the first business of Gov- ers, the Federal Kidnapping statute and the which he first proposed. As the Members ernment. Anti-Racketeering Act. of this body will recall, the President H.R. 421 is not intended to and does not would permit wiretaps for the gathering Mr. POFF. I thank the gentleman and limit the right of dissent and peaceful dem- my colleagues for their patience. onstration. Legitimate activities by those of evidence only in national security Mr. RHODES of Arizona. Mr. Speaker, who travel in interstate commerce to partici- cases, and he would decide or allow the appropriate authorities of the Executive we welcome President's Johnson's sup- pate in public gatherings or other lawful demonstrations are not affected. However, establishment to decide when the na- port in what we hope will be an all- those persons who use facilities in interstate tional security was involved and what out effort to combat and control crime. commerce, or who travel from one State to constituted national security cases. The need for such an effort has been another or from a foreign country to a State, The legislation which the task force carefully documented. Each day brings in order to incite or attempt to incite riots, new statistics that show a skyrocketing violence, looting, vandalism, arson, bombing, has endorsed, which has been introduced in this body and in the other body, would rise in crime. Each day brings fresh evi- and physical assaults would be subject to permit wiretapping only in those cases dence that something must be done to prosecution. where the law-enforcement officer was reverse the alarming trend toward law- This bill would supplement, not supersede local law enforcement. Certainly the most lessness. able to convince an appropriate judge effective means of riot control rests with the that the evidence could not be acquired One of the primary duties of Govern- State and local police. However, by assuring by other techniques, to convince the ment is to establish and maintain law Federal jurisdiction over "out-of-State" in- judge that a crime had been committed and order. Our very survival as a free citers, State and local authorities will be sub- and effective society depends upon how stantially assisted in keeping the peace and or was being committed, to convince the judge that a court order was necessary successfully we are able to implement protecting the public safety. this basic concept. H.R. 421 would provide a new and effective to acquire evidence of a crime specifically law-enforcement weapon in riot situations named in the legislation. In the first session of the 90th Con- like those that have occurred in Cleveland, Legislation of this kind has received gress, Republicans sponsored and sup- Cincinnati, Dayton, Boston, Buffalo, and ported legislation that must be enacted Waterloo. Many of the summertime riots almost universal endorsement. The con- if we are to win the battle against crime. have been traced to troublemakers who travel cept enjoys the approval of the three A bill that would establish a Federal about this Nation inciting riots. It is impera- previous Attorneys General, of the Ju- program to provide assistance to local tive that we rid interstate commerce of these dicial Conference of the United States, agitators and riot-mongers. The law-abiding of the majority of the President's own law enforcement agencies was passed by citizens in the area where the riots occur Crime Commission, and of every national the House with the overwhelming sup- may suffer grievous personal injury and un- port of the Republican Members. Simi- law enforcement association in the told property damage unless this additional larly, a Republican-sponsored bill that protection is afforded them. United States which has pronounced upon the subject. would impose criminal penalties upon persons traveling in, or using the facil- HOUSE REPUBLICAN POLICY COMMITTEE STATE- The Attorney General of the United ities of, interstate commerce with the MENT ON THE LAW ENFORCEMENT AND States today stands almost alone in his intent to incite a riot, was also passed CRIMINAL JUSTICE ASSISTANCE ACT OF 1967, opposition to that legislation. H.R. 5037, AUGUST 2, 1967 by the House. The urgency of that legislation is Unfortunately, this essential legisla- The events of recent weeks have starkly dramatized the crisis in law enforcement in greater today than it was before Monday tion was not adopted by the Senate dur- this country. The very ability of government of last week. On that day the Supreme ing the first session. We are hopeful to maintain law and order and to provide Court rendered two decisions which that, with the new-found interest and personal safety has been challenged. Local jointly had the effect of nullifying the support of the President, this legis- law enforcement, criminal justice, tech- utility of the gambling tax statutes under lation can be enacted into law without niques of correction and rehabilitation must which so many of the organized crimi- further delay. be updated and improved. nals of this country have been brought Mr. Speaker, I include in the RECORD H.R. 5037, the Law Enforcement and to the bar of justice. Now that law en- at this point the House Republican policy Criminal Justice Assistance Act of 1967, forcement officers are stripped of that committee statements of July 12, 1967, properly amended, could be an important means of assembling evidence it is all the step in the establishment of a federal pro- and August 2, 1967, that deal with this gram to provide assistance to local law en- more important that this carefully de- important legislation. As chairman of forcement agencies. Unfortunately, the Ad- vised legislation be considered promptly the policy committee, I believe that these ministration bill that was originally sub- and favorably by both Houses of the statements carefully set forth the need mitted contained the standard Great So- Congress. for this legislation and the reasons we ciety formula. It stifled local initiative and Mr. Speaker, I am encouraged to hope urge its easily enactment. direction and placed maximum federal con- that the President will have the oppor- trol in the hands of the Attorney General. The statements referred to follow: tunity during this session of Congress to HOUSE REPUBLICAN POLICY COMMITTEE STATE- In an effort to improve the bill, the Repub- receive on his desk a bill which will in- lican Members of the Judiciary Committee MENT ON THE ANTIRIOT LEGISLATION, H.R. corporate as one of its essential features obtained a number of amendments. For 421, JULY 12, 1967 example: the legislation introduced by the gentle- The House Republican Policy Committee (a) An appropriate judicial review is pro- man from Ohio [Mr. McCULLocH] and urges the prompt enactment of H.R. 421. vided in cases where the Attorney General the gentleman from Michigan [Mr. GER- This Republican sponsored legislation (the cuts off funds. ALD R. FORD], and a number of other Cramer bill) would impose criminal penal- (b) Congressional oversight on the opera- Members on this side of the aisle. If such ties upon persons traveling in or using the tion of the data bank has been established. legislation is a part of the bill before the facilities of interstate commerce with the (c) The open-end authorization was elimi- intent to incite a riot. President, I believe he will see fit to sign nated, thereby insuring essential legislative Last year in response to a growing public review of this Act. it. I cannot believe that the President demand for assistance in maintaining law (d) The direct Federal payment of regu- could bring himself in the present state and order in the streets and urban centers lar police salaries has been banned. of things to veto such legislation. With of our land, Republican antiriot legislation The present emergency demands that that thought in mind, I trust that our was adopted in the House of Representatives, meaningful and appropriate Federal assist- committees in both the House and the as an amendment to the proposed Civil ance be given to state and local law enforce- other body will move promptly. Rights Act of 1966, by a vote of 389 to 25. ment agencies. However, this crisis must not Mr. SMITH of New York. Mr. Speaker, That legislation was permitted to die in the be used as a vehicle to place Federal control Senate. Now, as a result of continuing pres- will the gentleman yield? over state and local police administration sure and leadership by Republican Members, and to lay the foundation for a centralized Mr. POFF. I yield to the gentleman this vital legislation is being brought to the Federal police force. Therefore, additional from New York. House Floor as an independent measure. and essential safeguards on the broad pow- Mr. SMITH of New York. I thank the The proposed legislation represents the ers of the Federal Administrator should be gentleman for yielding. I must agree with legitimate exercise of Federal criminal power adopted. the gentleman that I could not see the under authority-based on the commerce Law enforcement and criminal justice ad- President bring himself to veto that kind clause of the Constitution. Historically, cer- ministration are primarily local responsibil- tain types of conduct have been prohibited ities. Crime is essentially a local problem (more) that must be dealt with by state and local forcement and Criminal Justice. If cept the role of pacemakers for the pres- governments. Even the Attorney General has created, it could conduct research into ent administration. But we are not "be- stated, "We would hope to have all the States the application of advanced scientific guiled" nor will the American public be really working for a fully comprehensive and technological devices for improving deceived. plan for the State." Any provision or meas- ure that would upset or reverse this historic law enforcement, as well as for improv- Mr. MILLER of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, it concept must be avoided. The recent riots ing police training and education at Fed- is interesting that in this election year have reemphasized the basic 'fact that the eral, State, and local levels. However, of 1968 the President has suddenly State and its designated agencies must have at the risk of sounding self-laudatory, I awa' ned to a national crisis in crime. the primary responsibility for coordinating wish to remind the President-and the He is eager to share the blame for the law enforcement effort within a state. public-that such proposals were first this sgraceful crisis. Certainly, experience under the "poverty" put forward by Members of this House He implores that it not be made a program has demonstrated that failure to and were embodied in the substitute coordinate Federal activities with state ac- partisan issue in the forthcoming elec- tivities creates serious financial and adminis- amendment which I offered to title III tion. trative problems. of the omnibus anticrime bill. His wish is understandable! But the In a letter dated June 8, 1967, the National In fact, when one examines the Presi- escalation of crime in this country is Governors' Conference noted that "the state dent's 22 proposals to "insure public an issue. holds the primary responsibility for estab- safety," one finds that they consist al- Not because anyone makes it an issue. lishing the coordinating machinery needed most entirely of recommendations pre- But because the senseless, spiraling, rise for intergovernmental assistance programs." It was then suggested that H.R. 5037 be viously made by Republican Members, of crime in this land has struck fear and amended SO that where a state has a plan for or are a rehash of the administration's frustration into the hearts of the good an appropriately balanced distribution of aid past proposals. Careful scrutiny of the men and women of this Nation. to local law enforcement activities, the Attor- President's February 7 message reveals It is an issue because the present ad- ney General shall make all grants to the his concurrence with Republican think- ministration has failed to comprehend state agency designated by the Governor to ing on the crime problem. For example: and cope with it. administer such plan. On July 18, 1967, Gov- ernor Nelson A. Rockefeller also urged the The President urges the prompt pas- It is an issue and a culpability the ad- sage of the Law Enforcement and Crim- ministration cannot escape or share. adoption of an amendment that would "as- inal Justice Assistance Act-formerly The people of this county know who sure that the State can effectively coordinate application for assistance." Governor Rocke- heralded by the misnomer "Safe Streets was manning the watch when the ship feller pointed out, "If comprehensive crime and Crime Control Act of 1967.' I agree of state ran aground on this rocky shoal. control envisioned by H.R. 5037 is to be effec- that final action should be taken on this The President's election year message tive, it is essential that the legislation recog- bill-a measure which was considerably is a sorry excuse for the dangerous course nize the primary role of the State, especially improved by a series of Republican-of- he has been setting throughout his ad- in developing a statewide comprehensive fered amendments passed by this House ministration. Every statistic is an indict- plan." last August. ment of his public stewardship-every We support an amendment of this type. The President asks for a "major as- line a confession of his failures to pre- We believe it will provide essential state co- sistance program" for the purposes of serve to the people even the basic free- ordination and eliminate the Federal Gov- ernment's power to dominate and control educating and training the Nation's law- dom-freedom from the fear of criminal local law enforcement. We reject the Demo- enforcement personnel, as well as the ini- tyranny in the streets of our cities and cratic Majority's contention that the tiation of a comprehensive research pro- the homes of our land. Attorney General should have the maximum gram to be conducted through a Na- Crime is an issue in 1968, because the discretion in promulgating regulations and tional Institute of Law Enforcement and President did not make it an issue of his in administering the authorized programs to determine the population size that would Criminal Justice-virtually the sum and concern in 1967, or 1966, or 1965, or be most appropriate for participation in the substance of my amendment to title III 1964-when all America was crying out light of all considerations relevant to the of the anticrime bill. for some protection for the honorable particular programs." The President seeks a $100 million au- and decent citizens against the violent We believe that an appropriate allocation thorization for the crime bill-an and corrupt criminals who seemed to formula should be adopted. In the present amendment offered by my Republican enjoy unbelievable favor in the admin- bill,- the only limitation on the Attorney colleague from Minnesota [Mr. MAC- istration of justice during these years. General's discretion to distribute funds, is the prohibition "that not more than 15 per- GREGOR] would have provided an in- The folly of this foolishness has come cent of the funds appropriated or allocated creased authorization. home. The day of reckoning is here. That for any fiscal year to carry out the purposes The President desires controls on the is why crime is an issue, and the Presi- of this Act shall be used within any one hallucinatory drug, LSD-a measure dent cannot escape it, or wish it away. State." first suggested by my Republican col- Certainly, there must be a statutory as- surance that there will be a meaningful league from Nebraska [Mr. CUNNING- amount of funds available for every State. HAM]. We believe that serious consideration The President also asks for riot con- should be given to the establishment of a trol legislation-legislation which my National Institute of Law Enforcement and Republican colleague from Florida [Mr. Criminal Justice which in turn would be authorized to establish regional training in- CRAMER] and many other Republican stitutes. In order to have a real impact on Members, including myself, have been our law enforcement problems, the education urging for years. and training of law enforcement and crim- The President wants to make it a Fed- inal justice personnel and research must be eral crime "to engage in gambling as a emphasized. Improved training of local and substantial business affecting interstate state law enforcement personnel in riot pre- commerce." I refer him to the legisla- vention, riot suppression and riot control is tion first sponsored by my Republican needed. New techniques for combating orga- nized crime must be developed. These objec- colleague from Virginia [Mr. PoFF]- tives can be accomplished through an Insti- and others-which would accomplish tute similar to the National Institute of precisely this purpose. Health or the. National Academy of Science. The President wants legislation to per- Moreover, the improved methods for crime mit the Federal Government to appeal detection, prevention, prosecution, and reha- pretrial orders granting motions to sup- bilitation can be developed and taught in press evidence. I suggest that he exam- this manner without the danger of domi- nant by the Federal Government. ine a bill first introduced last session by my colleague from Illinois [Mr. RAILS- Mr. McCLORY. Mr. Speaker, yester- BACK]. day, as I stood before this House, I As you will note, Mr. Speaker, many praised certain portions of the Presi- proposals made in the President's crime dent's message on crime. Indeed, I do message reveal a decidedly Republican find much to commend in the President's attitude on the subject of crime. recommendations, particularly those re- If imitation is the sincerest form of garding a National Institute of Law En- flattery, the Republicans modestly ac- News affice Capy TASK FORCE ON TASK FORCE MEMBERS P & R LIAISON: SAMUEL L. DEVINE (OHIO) CRIME ROBERT TAFT, JR. (OHIO) CLARK MACGREGOR (MINN.) DEPUTY CHAIRMAN ROBERT B. MATHIAS (CALIF.) BARBER B. CONABLE (N.Y.) ROBERT PRICE (TEX.) RICHARD H. POFF (Va.) Chairman WILLIAM C. CRAMER (FLA.) THOMAS F. RAILSBACK (ILL.) SAMUEL L. DEVINE (OHIO) HENRY P. SMITH (N.Y.) JOHN N. ERLENBORN (ILL.) CHALMERS P. WYLIE (OHIO) CARLETON J. KING (N.Y.) LOUIS C. WYMAN (N.H.) HOUSE REPUBLICAN CONFERENCE PLANNING AND RESEARCH COMMITTEE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: BRIAN P. GETTINGS REP. CHARLES E. GOODELL (N.Y.) CHAIRMAN HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1616 LONGWORTH BLDG. WASHINGTON, D. C. 20515 TEL. 225-6931 FEB - 8 1968 FOR IMMEDIATE RE:EASE GOP CRIME TASK FORCE ASSESSES PRESIDENT'S CRIME MESSAGE Insofar as the President's crime message is an indication that he not only is concerned about crime but that he finally means to do something about it, we welcome it. Up until now his Administration has relied principally upon oration and outrage: the legislative measures they have proposed have been altogether too few, too narrow and too slow in coming. It is apparent that there has now been a change in climate and with it a new recognition that what has been offered so far has been inappropriate and inadequate to meet the challenge. At this time, we do not undertake to endorse or oppose the President's specific proposals. Some are good, no doubt, but others may be otherwise. Few are new. There is time enough later for critical analysis and, where necessary, constructive alternatives. What we do mean to say now is that the sense of urgency conveyed by the entire message cannot help but produce priority treatment of crime matters in the Congress. This is all to the good. Whatever the motive behind the new Presidential posture, the end result will benefit all Americans. By embracing some Republican ideas, he has at the very least set the stage for meaningful dialogue on an issue that troubles us all, regardless of party. That the President has embraced Republican ideas is nowhere more clearly shown than in the anti-riot proposal. The House has already passed a bill in this field, despite Administration non-support. It was authored by Rep. William Cramer (R.-Fla.) and was endorsed by the Republican Task Force on Crime. Since the President has now come around to our way of thinking on this matter, we pause only to wonder what took so long. If his bill is an improvement, the time to have offered it was when the Cramer bill was first being studied in the House last year. Perhaps the most encouraging feature of the crime message lies in the President's new concern with organized crime. Again, we cannot endorse all he has proposed. Nor can we refrain from pointing out that at least two of his proposals are distinctly Republican in origin. The point to be made is simply that, whereas less than a year ago his Attorney General described organized crime as a "tiny" problem, the time has now come when the President, at least, recognizes that it is not tiny at all. -more- GOP CRIME TASK FORCE ASSESSES PRESIDENT'S 2222222222222222 CRIME MESSAGE Trafficking in narcotics and dangerous drugs are, of course, organized crime activities. It can hardly be questioned that additional investigators and prosecutors are needed to push the fight against this trade. The most disappointing aspect of the President's message then, is found in his still persisting unwillingness to face up to the realities of law enforcement, not only in the narcotics field but in the field of organized crime at large. Prosecutors can't prosecute without evidence, and investigators can't investigate without the means to get the evidence. Whatever the merits of his narcotics proposals then, they will still be far from adequate to meet the needs unless and until law enforcement officers are given better and sharper tools to gather evidence to be used in Court. Republicans have made their proposal in this regard; we invite the President to submit a reasonable alternative if he will not support ours. -30- News TASK FORCE ON TASK FORCE MEMBERS P & R LIAISON: SAMUEL L. DEVINE (OHIO) CRIME ROBERT TAFT, JR. (OHIO) CLARK MACGREGOR (MINN.) DEPUTY CHAIRMAN ROBERT B. MATHIAS (CALIF.) BARBER B. CONABLE (N.Y.) ROBERT PRICE (TEX.) RICHARD H. POFF (Va.) Chairman WILLIAM C. CRAMER (FLA.) THOMAS F. RAILSBACK (ILL.) SAMUEL L. DEVINE (OHIO) HENRY P. SMITH (N.Y.) JOHN N. ERLENBORN (ILL.) CHALMERS P. WYLIE (OHIO) CARLETON J. KING (N.Y.) LOUIS c. WYMAN (N.H.) HOUSE REPUBLICAN CONFERENCE PLANNING AND RESEARCH COMMITTEE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: BRIAN P. GETTINGS REP. CHARLES E. GOODELL (N.Y.) CHAIRMAN HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1616 LONGWORTH BLDG. WASHINGTON, D. C. 20515 TEL. 225-6931 FOR RELEASE THURSDAY--2/15/68 Contact: 225-6931 P.M. NEW EVIDENCE SUPPORTS GOP AUTHORED LOAN SHARK AMENDMENT Washington--Rep. Richard H. Poff (Reva.) Thursday said "new evidence" shows that Organized Crime is infiltrating Wall Street, and "this gives added weight to my loan-shark amendment", added to the Truth-in-Lending Bill by the House, he declared. The Chairman of the House GOP Task Force on Crime described the "modern Wall Street Loan Shark" as shooting for high stakes by exploiting the services of borrowers who cannot meet repayment timetables. "The Loan Shark forces the borrower, typically a lower echelon clerk in a brokerage house who needs 'fast' money to invest in a 'hot' stock tip, to 'fence' stolen securities, in order to earn more time to repay the loan," Poff explained. "The money from the 'fenced' securities and the loan all end up in Organized Crime's giant coffers," Rep. Poff told his House colleagues. "The Wall Street Loan Shark is only one of the targets of the GOP authored amendment to the Truth-in-Lending Bill. Other techniques are employed by other loan sharks in the Organized Crime complex. Nearly all are involved in or have an impact upon interstate commerce. "State and local governments need the investigative tools of the Federal Government," Poff noted. "The loan-shark amendment would give them those tools." - 30 - News TASK FORCE ON TASK FORCE MEMBERS P& R LIAISON: SAMUEL L. DEVINE (OHIO) CRIME ROBERT TAFT, JR. (OHIO) CLARK MACGREGOR (MINN.) DEPUTY CHAIRMAN ROBERT B. MATHIAS (CALIF.) BARBER B. CONABLE (N.Y.) ROBERT PRICE (TEX.) RICHARD H. POFF (Va.) Chairman WILLIAM C. CRAMER (FLA.) THOMAS F. RAILSBACK (ILL.) SAMUEL L. DEVINE (OHIO) HENRY P. SMITH (N.Y.) JOHN N. ERLENBORN (ILL.) CHALMERS P. WYLIE (OHIO) CARLETON J. KING (N.Y.) LOUIS c. WYMAN (N.H.) HOUSE REPUBLICAN CONFERENCE PLANNING AND RESEARCH COMMITTEE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: BRIAN P. GETTINGS REP. CHARLES E. GOODELL (N.Y.) CHAIRMAN HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1616 LONGWORTH BLDG. WASHINGTON, D. C. 20515 TEL. 225-6931 FOR RELEASE THURSDAY--2/15/68 Contact: 225-6931 P.M. NEW EVIDENCE SUPPORTS GOP AUTHORED LOAN SHARK AMENDMENT Washington--Rep. Richard H. Poff (R.-Va.) Thursday said "new evidence" shows that Organized Crime is infiltrating Wall Street, and "this gives added weight to my loan-shark amendment", added to the Truth-in-Lending Bill by the House, he declared. The Chairman of the House GOP Task Force on Crime described the "modern Wall Street Loan Shark" as shooting for high stakes by exploiting the services of borrowers who cannot meet repayment timetables. "The Loan Shark forces the borrower, typically a lower echelon clerk in a brokerage house who needs 'fast' money to invest in a 'hot' stock tip, to 'fence' stolen securities, in order to earn more time to repay the loan," Poff explained. "The money from the 'fenced' securities and the loan all end up in Organized Crime's giant coffers," Rep. Poff told his House colleagues. "The Wall Street Loan Shark is only one of the targets of the GOP authored amendment to the Truth-in-Lending Bill. Other techniques are employed by other loan sharks in the Organized Crime complex. Nearly all are involved in or have an impact upon interstate commerce. "State and local governments need the investigative tools of the Federal Government," Poff noted. "The loan-shark amendment would give them those tools." - 30 - (NOT PRINTED AT GOVERNMENT EXPENSE) 10 Congressional Record United States of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 90ᵗʰ CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION Vol. 114 WASHINGTON, TUESDAY, APRIL 2, 1968 No. 55 Four Statements From the Republican his proposals are distinctly Republican in changes within the aircraft and would re- origin. The point to be made is simply that, Task Force on Crime quire declaration and permission before whereas less than a year ago his Attorney carrying firearms or explosives aboard any General described organized crime as a airplane. HON. GERALD R. FORD "tiny" problem, the time has now come when "The bill lays the groundwork for Con- the President, at least, recognizes that it is gressional action," the Task Force con- OF MICHIGAN not tiny at all. tanued. "It ought to be brought up for hear- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Trafficking in narcotics and dangerous ings as soon as possible." drugs are, of course, organized crime activi- In commenting on the legislation, Con- Tuesday, April 2, 1968 ties. It can hardly be questioned that addi- gressman Richard H. Poff (R.-Va.), Chair- tional investigators and prosecutors are Mr. GERALD R. FORD. Mr. Speaker, man of the Task Force said, "Hijacking of needed to push the fight against this trade. our Republican task force on crime has commercial aircraft is of growing concern The most disappointing aspect of the Presi- recently issued four statements. Under to all air travelers. As far as Congress can do dent's message then, is found in his still leave to extend my remarks I include its so, it should help restrict this type of activ- persisting unwillingness to face up to the realities of law enforcement, not only in the ity. Action now is urgently necessary if the assessment of the President's crime mes- narcotics field but in the field of organized public interest is to be protected." sage released on February 8, 1968; a. statement of February 15 entitled, "New crime at large. Prosecutors can't prosecute "The fact that the crime of sky-jacking without evidence, and investigators can't in- is a capital offense has not deterred five sky- Evidence Supports GOP-Authored Loan vestigate without the means to get the evi- jackings of commercial planes in the last few Shark Amendment"; a statement of dence. Whatever the merits of his narcotics weeks. For this reason our Crime Task Force March 25 about "Sky-Jacking"; and a proposals then, they will still be far from believes a greater measure of protection is statement of April 1 on "Reorganization adequate to meet the needs unless and until advisable for pilots and crew of commercial Plan No. 1" relative to the transfer of law enforcement officers are given better and passenger-carrying aircraft." the Bureau of Narcotics and the Bureau sharper tools to gather evidence to be used "The legislation proposed would require of Drug Abuse Control to the Justice in Court. Republicans have made their pro- bullet-proof construction for the door sepa- posal in this regard; we invite the President rating the pilot and passenger compart- Department. to submit a reasonable alternative if he will ments; visibility of the passenger compart- GOP CRIME TASK FORCE ASSESSES PRESIDENT'S not support ours. ment from the cockpit; an improved warning CRIME MESSAGE system; and would prohibit the carrying Insofar as the President's crime message of firearms or explosives aboard aircraft un- is an indication that he not only is con- NEW EVIDENCE SUPPORTS GOP-AUTHORED less they are first declared." cerned about crime but that he finally means LOAN SHARK AMENDMENT to do something about it, we welcome it. COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF ENTIRE FEDERAL WASHINGTON.-Rep. Richard H. Poff (R.- Up until now his Administration has relied Va.) Thursday said "new evidence" shows LAW-ENFORCEMENT SYSTEM NECESSARY principally upon oration and outrage; the PRIOR TO REORGANIZATION, GOP CRIME that Organized Crime is infiltrating Wall GROUP DECLARES legislative measures they have proposed have Street, and "this gives added weight to my been altogether too few, too narrow and too loan-shark amendment", added to the Truth- WASHINGTON.-The House Republican Task slow in coming. It is apparent that there in-Lending Bill by the House, he declared Force on Crime Tuesday called for a detailed has now been a change in climate and with The Chairman of the House GOP Task study of the entire Federal law enforcement it a new recognition that what has been Force on Crime described the "modern Wall system before "ill-conceived and premature" offered so far has been inappropriate and in- Street Loan Shark" as shooting for high reorganization plans are approved by Con- adequate to meet the challenge. stakes by exploiting the services of borrowers gress. While endorsing the concept of con- At this time, we do not undertake to en- who cannot meet repayment timetables. solidation of similar functions in selective dorse or oppose the President's specific pro- "The Loan Shark forces the borrower, typical- areas of law enforcement, the Crime Task posals. Some are good, no doubt, but others ly a lower echelon clerk in a brokerage house Force expressed reservations concerning the may be otherwise. Few are new. There is time who needs 'fast' money to invest in a 'hot' Administration's proposed transfer of the Bu- enough later for critical analysis and, where stock tip, to 'fence' stolen securities, in order reau of Narcotics, presently in the Treasury necessary, constructive alternatives. What to earn more time to repay the loan;" Poff Department, and the Bureau of Drug Abuse we do mean to say now is that the sense of explained. Control, presently in HEW, to the Justice urgency conveyed by the entire message can- "The money from the 'fenced' securities Department. not help but produce priority treatment of and the loan all end up in Organized Crime's Rep. Richard H. Poff (R.-Va.), Task Force crime matters in the Congress. This is all to giant coffers," Rep. Poff told his House col- Chairman, urged that "top priority be given the good. Whatever the motive behind the leagues. to careful examination and restructing of new Presidential posture, the end result will "The Wall Street Loan Shark is only one of the entire Federal law enforcement system benefit all Americans. By embracing some the targets of the GOP authored amendment rather than merely one small part of it." He Republican ideas, he has at the very least to the Truth-in-Lending Bill. Other tech- noted that 25 to 35 Federal agencies now set the stage for meaningful diologue on an niques are employed by other loan sharks share investigative and law enforcement re- issue that troubles us all, regardless of party. in the Organized Crime complex. Nearly all sponsibilities. That the President has embraced Republi- are involved in or have an impact upon inter- The GOP Crime Group charged that Con- can ideas is nowhere more clearly shown than state commerce. gress has been asked to approve this reorga- in the anti-riot proposal. The House has al- "State and local governments need the in- nization on faith alone. Insufficient study ready passed a bill in this field, despite Ad- vestigative tools of the Federal Government," has been given to the question of where a ministration non-support. It was authored Poff noted. "The loan-shark amendment combined drug enforcement agency should by Rep. William Cramer (R.-Fla.) and was would give them those tools." be located, they warned, and "too little at- endorsed by the Republican Task Force on tention has been paid to the effects such a Crime. Since the President has now come CONGRESS SHOULD MOVE AGAINST "SKY-JACK- specific transfer would have upon overall around to our way of thinking on this mat- ING" GOP CRIME GROUP SAYS Federal law enforcement. A total of no more ter, we pause only to wonder what took so than ten hours of hearings have been devot- WASHINGTON.-The House Republican Task long. If his bill is an improvement, the time Force on Crime today called on Congress for ed to the whole subject, they said to have offered it was when the Cramer bill "prompt consideration" of federal legisla- "Congress was presented with the Reorga- was first being studied in the House last nization Plan on an 'all or nothing' basis," tion designed to make it more difficult to year. hijack airplanes. the GOP lawmakers noted. "As a result, it Perhaps the most encouraging feature of The GOP Crime Group noted that Con- may neither alter nor modify the proposal the crime message lies in the President's new in the slightest way. Unless disapproved by gressman Louis C. Wyman (R.-N.H.), a Task concern with organized crime. Again, we can- either House of Congress by April 8, 1968, Force member, had introduced a bill (H.R. not endorse all he has proposed. Nor can we the proposal takes effect automatically," they 1469) in January, 1967, which would protect explained. refrain from pointing out that at least two of the cockpit and crew by requiring structural "We also believe that it is ill-conceived to The Justice Department is a prosecutive reorganize the Federal drug enforcement and law enforcement agency. It is not, in our agencies while the National Commission on opinion, organized for or experienced in Revision of the Federal Criminal Laws is, assuming egulatory responsibilities. Nor, do under the direction of the President, propos- we feel that it is necessarily wise to confer ing revisions of the narcotics and drug abuse additional authority in the Justice Depart- laws. Without knowing what will be the ment over business and industry. eventual direction and scope of the enforce- Effective administration of the drug laws- ment authority, it is impossible to determine especially stimulants and depressants under intelligently where an agency should be lo- BDAC's jurisdiction-requires careful con- cated. sideration of medical, health and educational "It is essential that Congress, as well as as well as law enforcement aspects. This is the Administration, initiate a study of the 80 because such rugs are legally used by entire structure of Federal law enforcement", millions of perso .s and their potential for and that any reorganization plans come misuse is closely interwoven with the whole about only as a result of that study, they fabric and structure of our society. concluded. Transferral of the two drug bureaus to the Justice Department-and particularly BDAC TASK FORCE STATEMENT-REORGANIZATION which works is close cooperation with the PLAN No. 1 medical, scientific and educational resources The House Republican Task Force on of HEW-may seriously disrupt this multi- faceted coord nation. Crime opposes Reorganization Plan No. 1 which transfers the Bureau of Narcotics and With respect to investigation and enforce- the Bureau of Drug Abuse Control to the ment of criminal laws, we have many reser- vations as to whether BON and BDAC should Justice Department. Republicans have regularly called atten- be located in Justice. Many agencies besides tion to fragmentation in Federal law en- the Justice Department have important en- forcement and have repeatedly urged that forcement responsibilities. To pull an agency top priority be given to carefully examining out of one department, as is presently pro- posed for BON, and transfer it to another and restructuring the system which has 25 to 35 federal agencies involved in investiga- could undermine effective intra-departmental coordination. As indicated above, Customs tive and law enforcement responsibilities. The proposed reorganization of Federal and IRS and BON-all located in Treasury- have developed such effective coordination narcotic and drug abuse enforcement efforts and have produced an excellent record in the is welcomed to the extent that it may indi- fight against organized crime. What would cate that the Administration is, at last, happen to this coordination or to coordina- devoting some attention to the crime prob- tion between Treasury and other departments lem. We believe, moreover, that combining is unknown at present, but this lack of the narcotic and drug abuse bureaus has knowledge is sufficient reason to withhold some merit. But, we also believe that insuffi- action until a broadscale study of criminal cient study has been done to determine law enforcement is conducted. Fragmenta- where a combined drug enforcement agency should be located and that too little atten- tion of enforcement is bad enough, but hastily conceived reorganizations which tion has been paid to the effects such a splinter whatever effective coordination that specific transfer would have upon overall Federal law enforcement. exists is far worse. This may-be particularly so if the reorganization would also have the The Administration's failure to conduct a effect of concentrating too much authority broadscale study of Federal responsibilities and discretion under one Federal official-a in law enforcement is a prime cause of this Mr. Big" who could thereby forge an all- neglect. Added to this, however, is the man- powerful national police force. ner in which the drug merger was proposed. We also believe that it is ill-conceived and Congress was presented the Reorganization Plan on an "all or nothing" basis. As a re- premature to reorganize the Federal drug sult, it may neither alter nor modify the pro- enforcement agencies while the National Commission on Revision of the Federal posal in the slightest way and, unless disap- Criminal Laws is under the direction of the proved by either House of Congress by April President to propose revisions of the laws 8th, it will take effect automatically. The fragmented state of Federal law enforcement pertaining to narcotic and drug abuse. With- out knowing what will be the eventual direc- and the presently unforeseen consequences tion and scope of the enforcement authority, of the pending merger clearly make this it is impossible to determine intelligently procedure unsuitable in this case. where an agency should be located. The Bureau of Narcotics (BON), located in These are only the more obvious reasons the Treasury Department, is charged with why the Task Force opposes Reorganization enforcing the narcotic and marijuana laws. Plan No. 1. Much more detailed and wide- In exercising its enforcement functions, BON ranging study of the entire Federal criminal is materially assisted by the Customs Bureau law enforcement structure and operations (also located in Treasury) and Post Office must be made before particular reorganiza- inspectors. In the area of organized crime law tions can be attempted. enforcement, BON is also assisted by the At the present, members of the Task Force Internal Revenue Service-itself a Treasury are not in a position to decide where BON Department agency. and BDAC should be located. Without ex- The Bureau of Drug Abuse Control haustive study, we doubt that anyone is. We (BDAC), located in the Department of note that Congressmen Jack Edwards (R.- Health, Education and Welfare, is charged Ala.) and Clarence J. Brown, Jr. (R.-Ohio) with enforcing the drug abuse laws-those have introduced legislation to transfer BDAC concerning stimulants (amphetamines), de- to Treasury. This may have merit. Others pressants (barbiturates) and hallucinogens have suggested that drug enforcement (LSD, for example). should be concentrated within HEW in order In exercising their respective responsibil- to preserve a multilateral approach-medi- ities, agents of BON or BDAC may not take cal, health, science, education and law en- action against persons caught illegally han- forcement-to the problem. Others have sug- dling drugs falling within the other bureau's gested the creation of a wholly independent jurisdiction. This disparity has the effect of agency. Still others believe that the best ap- impeding effective enforcement and of wast- proach may be to consolidate the regulatory ing valuable manpower. Duplication in labo- functions in one agency and the enforcement ratory and training facilities also may con- functions in another. stitute waste and inefficiency. From this Only after a careful, broadscale study and standpoint, then, combining the two bureaus investigation will Congress and the Adminis- has a good deal of merit. tration be in a position to intelligently de- On the other hand, both BON and BDAC cide this and similar matters. Important re- are heavily engaged in regulatory functions organizations, including the one now under whereby the records, facilities, materials and discussion, cannot be undertaken without operations of legitimate drug manufacturers, careful consideration and detailed knowl- wholesalers and pharmacists are supervised. edge. It is essential, then, that Congress, as This regulatory function is particularly well as the Administration, initiate a study essential to effective law enforcement by of the entire structure of Federal law en- BDAC since almost all depressant and stimu- forcement and that whatever reorganizations lant drugs entering illicit channels are are undertaken in this area come about only legally manufactured. as a result of the exercise of the traditional functions of the legislative process. Congressional Record United States of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 90ᵗʰ CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION Vol. 114 WASHINGTON, THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 8, 1968 No. 19 CRIME IN AMERICA AND THE REPUBLICAN ANSWER A Report to the American People Mr. GERALD R. FORD. Mr. Speaker, local, State, and National-share respon- I thank the gentleman from Virginia earlier this afternoon, the distinguished sibility for the safety of our Nation. for yielding to me. ranking minority member of the House Control and prevention of crime is not Mr. POFF. I thank the gentleman for Committee on the Judiciary, the gentle- solely a responsibility of government. In his contribution. man from Ohio [Mr. McCuLLocH], made the first and last analysis it is the re- Recognizing the hour, Mr. Speaker, I some excellent observations concerning sponsibility of every American. Crime shall be as brief as the subject will per- the President's crime message and the cannot and will not be controlled without mit. recommendations contained therein. the support and assistance of all re- I believe it is fair to say that insofar The gentleman from Ohio [Mr. McCuL- sponsible citizens. Americans need effec- as the President's crime message deliv- LOCH] has been informed of the special tive and sustained leadership to mobilize ered to the Congress yesterday is an indi- order taken by the gentleman from and properly channel their concern into cation that he not only is concerned Virginia [Mr. POFF] and he does know constructive effort. The greatest failure about but also that he finally means to the sentiments that will be expressed in of the Johnson administration is its do something about the problem of crime general by Members of the committee failure to provide Americans with this in this country, all Republicans will wel- and Members of the Republican task much needed leadership. No program can come the message. force. The gentleman from Ohio [Mr. fill a leadership gap. Until now I think it is further fair to McCuLLoch], who has had great ex- Republicans welcome the President's say that the administration has been perience in the field, is coauthor of a pledge to fight crime. But we express both content to rely principally upon oration number of the Republican bills which disappointment and concern over inade- and outrage. The legislative measures will be discussed. His leadership has con- quacies of the President's proposed pro- that have been proposed have been until tributed greatly to the overall Republi- gram. The President has failed to fully now too few, too narrow, and too slow in can effort in this field. recognize the problems of crime in Amer- coming. It is apparent that there has Mr. Speaker, yesterday the President ica and effectively respond to the chal- been some change in the climate now and sent his message on crime to the Con- lenge. His proposed program is much like with it hopefully a recognition that what gress. He told the Congress that- a prize fighter with dazzling foot work, has been offered so far has been inap- Thousands of Americans are killed or in- but no punch. propriate and inadequate to meet the jured each year by criminal acts. Many thou- I am concerned that an analysis will challenge. I suggest that it is too early to sands more are unable to use the streets of show that the President has given the attempt to make a definitive analysis of their cities without fear, or to feel secure Nation a political document and not a the President's proposal. We do not at- in their homes or shops. much needed plan for national action. tempt to assume either a negative pos- Property valued at almost $4 billion is ture or positive posture with respect to lost through crime every year. Millions of Crime must be brought under control the specific proposals itemized by the dollars are taken from the productive econ- and substantially reduced. The Repub- President. What we do mean to make omy by organized racketeers-money that lican Party is committed to solving this plain now is that the sense of urgency should be in the pockets of the poor, or in problem which each year grows as a conveyed by the entire message cannot the bank accounts of honest businessmen. deepening crisis. While the Johnson ad- help but produce the priority treatment For decades our system of criminal justice ministration slept, Republicans have de- of crime measures which is so urgently has been neglected. veloped and introduced specific legisla- For decades the conditions that nourish needed in the Congress this year. This is tive proposals designed to control and crime have been gathering force. all to the good. Whatever the motives prevent crime and lawlessness. I believe behind the President's new posture, the Republicans ask the President why he these Republican proposals offer great end result will benefit all Americans. By has waited until now to take action? We promise for alleviating the problems of embracing some Republican ideas he has ask why he has ignored the findings and crime. at the very least laid a predicate for a recommendations of his own Crime Indeed, the fact that the President meaningful dialog on an issue that Commission until now? has recommended the enactment of two troubles every thoughtful American re- I think that every Member of Congress proposals which were developed, drafted, gardless of party. knows that crime is our No. 1 domestic introduced, and overwhelmingly sup- Those who heard the President's mes- problem. The fact and fear of crime ported by House Republicans-the sage and who had an opportunity to read stalks our Nation. Since 1960 the re- Cramer antiriot bill and the Railsback it since recognize, I think, its distinct Re- ported rate of crime has increased over appeals bill-is but a sampling of the publican flavor. It contained much of 88 percent. This alarming increase can- commitment and ability within our Republican origination and Republican not be attributed to population growth, party to solve this problem of crime. orientation. Of the 22 proposals specifi- which has increased only 10 percent Others from our side of the aisle will cally explained by the President, four since 1960. discuss other instances where Republi- have such a Republican orientation. The Republicans believe that the admin- can leadership has substantially im- immunity legislation which the Presi- istration must account to the Nation for proved administration anticrime legis- dent called upon the Congress to enact is these figures. All levels of government— lation in this and previous Congresses. legislation previously endorsed by the (more) Republican task force on crime. I might (Mr. TAFT asked and was given per- Banking and Currency and the ranking Mi- add It was urgently proposed by the mission to revise and extend his re- nority member of the Committee on the Ju- President's own Crime Commission sev- marks.) diciary. eral months ago. Mr. TAFT. Mr. Speaker, while I was 4. Obstruction of investigation-a bill Second, as has been indicated already, which would make it a federal crime to in- not serving in the Congress of the terfere with or obstruct investigations by the legislation which passed the House United States at the time of the original federal agents by the intimidation of po- last year making it possible for the Gov- hearings which were held on the anti- tential witnesses. Legislation of this nature ernment to take an appeal on a motion riot proposal of the gentleman from was passed by the Congress and enacted into to suppress evidence or confessions was Florida [Mr. CRAMER], I wonder if I am law during the First Session. It was first pro- legislation offered by the distinguished not correct in my recollection of the posed by Rep. William Cramer (R.-Fla.), a gentleman from Illinois [Mr. RAILSBACK]. hearings that were held at that time, Task Force member, in 1960, and is contained Again I think it is important to re- and out of which this bill grew, relating in Title I of the Criminal Procedures Re- vision Act. member that it was the distinguished to the interstate activities of the Ku 5. False statements-a bill which makes minority leader who first in the January Klux Klan and other organizations of the rules of evidence in perjury prosecu- 1966 Republican state of the Union mes- that type, which were repeated over and tions less rigid and more realistic. This is sage suggested that a National Institute over again by the various witnesses who contained in Title II of the Criminal Pro- of Law Enforcement and Criminal Jus- appeared before the Committee on the cedures Revision Act and was recommended tice would make a proper shop for the Judiciary? by the Katzenbach Crime Commission. conduct of basic research in new tech- Mr. POFF. In very large measure that 6. Profits from Criminal activities-a bill is true. And, the author of the amend- which makes it a federal crime to invest niques in law enforcement and in pris- money which has been earned from illegal oner rehabilitation. The President in his ment, during the course of the debate, racket activities in legitimate businesses. This message adopted the essence of that was careful to call attention to the fact is the Criminal Activites Profits Act (H.R. suggestion and then went forward to that it was aimed at such activities; that 11268, June 29, 1967) co-sponsored by the suggest an expansion of the program it had a broad application; it had a Task Force. currently conducted in this area by the worthy application then as it has a 7. Funds unreported for tax purposes-a FBI at Quantico. worthy application now. And, the star- bill which makes it a federal crime to invest Finally, and most conspicuously, the tling thing is that the President of the money which has not been reported for in- President has called now for the adoption United States has only recently become come tax purposes in legitimate business. This is H.R. 11266, co-sponsored by the Task of an antiriot bill. Those who have ob- aware of the merits of such application. Force, and principally aimed at organized served the Congress will recall the Mr. Speaker, if I may continue for just crime. chronology of this legislation. It was a moment, while I say it might be pre- 8. Joint Congressional Committee on Or- first proposed as an amendment to the mature to make an analysis of certain ganized Crime-a bill creating a permanent Civil Rights Act of 1966 by the gentle- proposals in the President's message, it bi-partisan Committee of both Houses of man from Florida [Mr. CRAMER]. That would be appropriate to take note of Congress to investigate organized crime and amendment was adopted in the face of some of the omissions in the President's report its extent, impact and effect to the a substitute by an overwhelming vote. message. American public. This is H.R. 6054, first pro- posed by Rep. Cramer. And, as all will recall the legislation, Last year the Republican task force on after it passed the House, went to the crime proposed a series of bills and en- II. INVESTIGATIONS AND PRETRIAL PROCEDURES other body where it died that year. I dorsed other bills in the general law en- 1. Motions to suppress-a bill creating in think the date upon which the bill was forcement area to most of which the the Government a limited right to appeal to President made no reference. I ask unan- a higher Court the granting of a defendant's debated is significant. That date was motion to suppress confessions and other July 19, 1967. And, in order to demon- imous consent that I be permitted to ex- evidence. H.R. 8654, proposed by Rep. Thomas strate that the President's recommenda- tend at this point in the RECORD an ex- Railsback (R.-III.), a member of the Task tion of the antiriot bill is something of a cerpt from the report of the task force. Force, is such a bill and such a provision is new approach insofar as the administra- The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. contained in Title I of the Task Force spon- tion is concerned, I think it is well to NEDZI). Is there objection to the re- sored Criminal Procedures Revision Act. The remember that the distinguished chair- quest of the gentleman from Virginia? bill has passed the House. man of the Committee on the Judiciary There was no objection. 2. Searches incident to arrests-a bill to of the House of Representatives during The excerpts referred to follow: codify, and make less confusing, the existing law of search and seizure where lawful ar- the course of that debate, made it plain I. ORGANIZED CRIME rests are involved. Title I of the Criminal at that time that the Attorney General 1. Electronic surveillance-a bill which Procedures Revision Act contains a provision of the United States, the chief law-en- outlaws all wiretapping and electronic eaves- to this effect. forcement officer of the United States, a dropping except by law enforcement officials 3. Searches pursuant to warrants-a bill to member of the President's Cabinet, was under Court approval and continuing Court permit the issuance of search warrants for opposed to the antiriot bill. In order, Mr. supervision during national security investi- property which constitutes evidence of the Speaker, that this may be made crystal gations and investigations of certain or- offense in connection with which the war- clear, I would like to quote from the daily ganized crime type cases. The Task Force rant is issued. This is in conformity with a believes that enactment of this legislation recent Supreme Court decision (Warden V. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD for July 19, 1967, would be the single most important step in Hayden). It is the subject of H.R. 8653, pro- at page H8940 a portion of the statement combatting organized crime. The McCulloch- posed by Rep. Railsback, and contained in made by the chairman of the Commit- Ford bill (H.R. 13275, October 3, 1967), co- Title I of the Criminal Procedures Revision tee on the Judiciary of the House of Rep- sponsored by the Task Force, follows the Act. resentatives, the gentleman from New blue-print for such legislation fashioned 4. Execution of search warrants-a bill to York [Mr. CELLER]. He stated in part as by the Supreme Court in the Berger case. permit the issuance of search warrants au- follows: 2. Witness immunity-a bill to expand the thorizing the officer executing it to enter the The distinguished Attorney General on power of the Government to compel the place to be searched without announcing his "Meet The Press" last Sunday said he was testimony of hostile witnesses by granting identity and purpose where the Judge or opposed to this bill And in the conver- them immunity from prosecution when they Commissioner has determined that physical plead the Fifth Amendment during the in- sation that I had with the Attorney General evidence sought is likely to be destroyed or vestigation and during the trial of certain in my office yesterday he repeated to me that when danger to the officer exists. This is one organized crime cases. Title II of the Crimi- he was opposed to the bill. of the provisions of the Criminal Procedures nal Procedures Revision Act (H.R. 11267, Revision Act, patterned after H.R. 8652, spon- Mr. Speaker, "yesterday" would have June 29, 1967), co-sponsored by the Task sored by Rep. Railsback. been July 18. July 18 was 4 days after the Force contains this provision. 3. Loan-sharking-a bill (H.R. 14373, De- III. THE POLICE first outbreak of the Newark riots and, cember 11, 1967) which would make it a 1. Survivorship and disability benefits-a now, some several months later, for the federal crime to lend money at rates of in- proposal to provide Federal survivorship and first time the President is recommend- terest prohibited by State law whenever disability benefits for local police and non- ing the adoption of antiriot legislation. such a loan interferes with or affects inter- federal law enforcement officers who are Mr. TAFT. Mr. Speaker, will the gen- state commerce or whenever any part of the killed or injured while assisting federal of- tleman yield? loan transaction or efforts at collection cross ficers in the apprehension of, for example, Mr. POFF. I shall be happy to yield state lines. In addition to the Chairman bank robbers, kidnappers and AWOL military to the distinguished gentleman from and members of the Task Force, this bill is personnel. The Survivorship Program origi- sponsored by the Minority leader, the rank- nally proposed was broadened to include a Ohio. ing Minority member of the Committee on disability program in a bill introduced by Chairman Poff and endorsed by the Task (over) Force. This legislation passed the House this patriotic Americans abhor that possi- many contributions and his leadership. year. bility. It was because we have such fears I also would like to add, I am now IV. THE COURTS that the Cahill amendment was attached reliably informed that 49 of the 50 Gov- 1. Bail reform-a proposal to re-examine to the safe streets bill. ernors have endorsed the House version and amend the Bail Reform Act of 1966 to The orginial safe streets bill, the Mem- of the anticrime bill that was passed in allow the Courts more discretion in granting or denying release on personal recognizance bers will recall, vested complete author- 1967. This is the legislation which grew to defendants who are found to be a danger ity in the Attorney General of the United out of the Cahill amendments to the to the community or in revoking the release States to administer the funds authorized committee bill. This endorsement by 49 of those who have committed other crimes and appropriated by the Congress under out of our 50 Governors should insure after release. this legislation, and to allocate money the support of the administration for 2. Federal Magistrates-a bill to abolish among the several States, or communi- this legislation. the present U.S. Commissioner system and ties in the States, as he in his sole dis- Mr. POFF. The gentleman has antici- to replace it with a lower-tier of judicial cretion saw fit. pated my speech and put it infinitely officers, U.S. Magistrates, who are empowered to handle minor trials and otherwise per- The Cahill amendment, on the other more eloquently than I could. form routine Court functions that presently hand, conceived with a block-grant ap- Mr. MACGREGOR. Mr. Speaker, will occupy the time of Federal judges that ought proach, returned primary control of the the gentleman yield? to be devoted to more serious matters. S. 945, funds and operation of the program to Mr. POFF. I yield to the gentleman. proposed by Senator Tydings (D.-Md.) and the State and local authorities where it Mr. MAcGREGOR. I would like to give Scott (R.-Pa.) is such a bill. belonged. credit at this time to some of the very V. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Mr. MACGREGOR. Mr. Speaker, will able supporters of the efforts and leader- 1. The District Anti-Crime bill-an omni- the gentleman yield at that point? ship of the gentleman from New Jersey bus anti-crime bill dealing with special law Mr. POFF. I yield to the gentleman [Mr. CAHILL], specifically to Republican enforcement proposals for the District of from Minnesota. Congressman BIESTER of Pennsylvania, Columbia. H.R. 10783 passed the House on Mr. MACGREGOR. Mr. Speaker, I the gentleman from Illinois [Mr. RAILS- June 26, 1967, by a vote of 355 to 14. 2. Appropriations and personnel-pro- wish to subscribe to and endorse the BACK], and the gentleman from Illinois posals to increase the authorized strength of most excellent summary made by the [Mr. McCLoRy], who were the prime the District of Columbia Police Department, distinguished gentleman from Virginia, architects in supporting the gentleman to increase the staff of the District Bail regarding the law enfrocement and from New Jersey [Mr. CAHILL] in devel- Agency and to provide for personnel to su- criminal justice assistance act passed by oping and gaining wide support from pervise the activities of defendants released the House of Representatives in August Republicans and Democrats alike for the on personal recognizance prior to trial. of last year. I am sure the gentleman excellent Law Enforcement Assistance Mr. POFF. Mr. Speaker, these bills, we joins with me in deploring the fact that Act of 1967. think, enjoyed a large measure of sup- this excellent legislation, commended by Mr. POFF. I thank the gentleman. port from every echelon of Government the National Association of Attorneys Mr. TAFT. I would like to ask the gen- and the entire community which deals General, by virtually all agencies con- tleman a question with regard to the Law with the problem of criminal justice in cerned with law enforcement and crimi- Enforcement Assistance Act-or, if you America. The subjects they address in- nal justice, this excellent House bill, has want to call it, the safe streets bill. I clude the prevention of crime, methods of languished without effective action in the think there may be a lack of understand- apprehension, arrest, interrogation and U.S. Senate. ing as to the impact of this bill. prosecution of the suspect, and rehabili- One further point I deem it most im- The impact of this bill, as I under- tation of the convicted criminal. portant to make here: I regret that the stand it, is one of funds-the funds that We suggest that the President and his President in his crime message has go to the training of law enforcement of- advisers will want to examine this list charted a course of retreat in support for ficers; how those funds are distributed, of bills and hopefully give bipartisan sup- local and State law enforcement, and and how they can be most effective. port to those which they consider criminal justice instrumentalities. I certainly share the gentleman's as- meritorious. The President a year ago in February sessment of the Cahill amendment and Further omissions in the President's of 1967 indicated in his crime message to the direction that we hope any final leg- message, I believe, should be under- the Congress of that date that- islation will take. scored. First of all I was disappointed to Our best estimate is that the federal in- I think there is in the minds of the learn that the President did not take vestment under this act- public a concept that there is something the opportunity to endorse the legisla- The Crime Control Act- over and beyond mere assistance in the tion which passed the House last year on financing of police training and other in its second year would be approximately June 6, 1967. That legislation originally $300 million. law enforcement activities and research. was known as the safe streets bill; finally I think we should point out that the very under amendment in committee it be- Then Attorney General Ramsey Clark, guts of the bill is what we are talking came known as the Law Enforcement and in testimony on March 15 of 1967, before about here. Criminal Justice Act. The President did the House Committee on the Judiciary, This is the impact of the bill. There is recommend again the passage of the safe said: no special activity or special magic that streets bill, but seemed anxious to insist For fiscal year 1969 $300 million will be the Federal Government brings to this that the bill which is passed by the Con- asked to commence a sweeping action pro- situation. gress be the bill which he proposed to gram. Mr. POFF. I am glad the gentleman the Congress. It was with great disappointment that has brought out that point. All those who The Republican amendment offiered by I found the President in his state of the are knowledgeable in the field agree, and the gentleman from New Jersey [Mr. Union message and again in his crime this includes the President's own crime CAHILL], we believe, made a significant message retreating from $300 million to commission, that the chief need is im- improvement in the legislation, and we $100 million in his recommended support proved training and better and more trust that the president will see fit to of the Law Enforcement and Criminal police officers at the State and local lend his endorsement and pronounce his Justice Assistance Act for its second levels. This is exactly the target of this endorsement in the other body. year; namely, fiscal year 1969. legislation. At that point I believe parenthetically Mr. POFF. I thank the gentleman for Continuing now, if I may briefly, Mr. it should be said that we Republicans his most meaningful contribution. Speaker, to comment upon the more con- agree with the President-when he makes Mr. GERALD R. FORD. Mr. Speaker, spicuous omissions in the President's the point that essentially law enforce- will the gentleman yield? crime message, a similar amendment to ment is a responsibility of State and local Mr. POFF. I yield to the gentleman. that just discussed was offered to the governments. And we do agree, because Mr. GERALD R. FORD. Let me say Juvenile Delinquency Act adopted in the we share the concern of all thoughtful most emphatically that certainly the House last year and again that amend- people that too much concentration of country is the beneficiary because the ment was of Republican origin. too much power at the Federal level of Republican task force on crime is I hope that the President did not mean, government tends toward the develop- headed by the gentleman from Virginia. be anything that he said in his message, ment of a national police state, and all I, and my colleagues, are grateful for his to disavow or reject that amendment to (more) that legislation. I think we all welcomed the President's the gentleman yield? Another measure that the President message this week. We welcomed the as- Mr. POFF. I yield to the gentleman did not mention is the amendment sessment of this very shrewd politician from Minnesota. adopted by an overwhelming vote by the that this is a major issue. We welcomed Mr. MACGREGOR. Mr. Speaker, today House only last week while the House an indication that he was putting the a clergyman from St. Paul, Minn., visited was debating the truth-in-lending bill. prestige of his office behind a leadership me in my office. He is one of a number That amendment, as you will recall, posture which would be more construc- of Minnesota clergymen who has made was aimed at organized crime involve- tive in the reduction of this issue and the a commitment to do more in the contest ment in the nefarious practice of loan reduction of the terrible concerns of the against the growing incidents of juvenile sharking. American people for the safety of the delinquency both in his city and in the I am hopeful that the President's fail- streets. State of Minnesota. ure to mention this amendment was in- I. was pleased to note the President's He commended me on my appearance tended to indicate his support of that comments about the so-called safe streets a week ago Friday night at Macalester amendment. bill and his hope that the Congress would College in St. Paul as the final banquet Mr. SMITH of New York. Mr. Speak- address itself to a resolution of the im- speaker at a meeting of clergy and lay- er, will the gentleman yield? passe which resulted from the Senate's men concerned about juvenile delin- Mr. POFF. I yield to the gentleman unwillingness to accept the House ver- quency. from New York. sion, at least as it appears to the present I gave him a copy of the President's Mr. SMITH of New York. I would like time. I know that with the weight of the crime message of yesterday. He sat in my to bring to the attention of the House President behind a resolution of this im- office while I was on a long distance that it was through the efforts of the passe, we are going to make some prog- telephone call, and read from the mess- gentleman in the well that the amend- ress, progress that is desperately needed. age, and later quoted to me the following ment which make loan sharking a Fed- Mr. Speaker, I hope that the Presi- words of the President of the United eral crime was added to the truth-in- dent's message and his great emphasis States: lending bill. I think that this was an on the fact that the Attorney General is I propose the passage of the Juvenile De- activity for the great benefit of the the man to call if one is concerned about linquency Prevention Act. United States, that the gentleman in the crime indicates also that we will find a well perfected this amendment to make new vigor in the expressed attitudes of This clergyman said to me: "Congress- loan sharking a Federal crime, and se- the Attorney General toward the prob- man, do you think it will pass?" I said: cured its attachment to the truth-in- lems of organized crime, particularly in "It already has passed the House of Rep- lending bill. the wiretapping area. Many of us have resentatives, in September of last year. I am interested to note that the Presi- been concerned about where we were To be sure the House in its wisdom re- dent in his message said: headed there. Certainly, organized crime wrote the bill recommended by the ad- Organized crime is big business in Amer- is one very legitimate concern of the ministration. It tailored the bill to the ica. Federal Government. Republican philosophy of the proper role It involves a network, a countrywide for the Federal Government in the fight I think this is something that Repub- network, and one which is interstate against juvenile delinquency, and it licans in this House and the Republican commerce of the most nefarious sort. passed the House of Representatives by task force on crime have been saying loudly and clearly for some time. He We look forward to some new ap- an overwhelming majority." The clergy- man look at me and said: "I find no went on to say that— proaches, to some new vigor in the fight reference to that fact in the President's against organized crime, if the Presi- Its sinister effect pervades too many cor- dent's message means what we all hope message. Could you tell me why?" I said: ners of America today-through gambling, it does, because in the final analysis, this "Sir, you have not addressed your ques- loan sharking, corruption, extortion, and battle cannot be fought with words. It tion to the right party. I cannot look into large movement of narcotics. the mind of another man." has to be fought with leadership of the I am hopeful also, with the gentle- highest order, it has to be fought with I said: "I will make available to you the man in the well, that the President's determination, and it has to be fought by full text of the bill as passed by the omission to say anything about specific all sides of our political system, by all House in September of last year, the bill legislation in regard to loan sharking parts of our Government. which will make a meaningful contribu- indicates that he will support the gen- I know the Republican task force on tion to the fight against juvenile delin- tleman's amendment. crime will indicate its efforts and its best quency, which will do so in a proper and Mr. POFF. I thank the gentleman for thought to continuing the battle we have most humanitarian way. I will also send his kind comments. now been fighting for a year, in coopera- you a copy of the debate in the House May I reciprocate by saying how for- tion with the President if possible, but, of Representatives, so that you may un- tunate the task force is to have a merh- regardless of partisanship and regard- derstand the reasons for the rejection by ber with the distinguished background less of the possibilities of cooperation, at the House of Representatives of the ad- that he has enjoyed at the bar and on least to the fullest extent of our capa- ministration recommendations and the the bench. bilities. adoption of those put forward under the Mr. CONABLE. Mr. Speaker, will the leadership of individual Republican Con- Mr. Speaker, again I commend the gentleman yield? gressmen serving in the House." speaker in the well for the remarkable Mr. POFF. I yield to the gentleman He said: "I hope you will. Is it not too contributions he has made, for his dili- from New York. gence, for his thoughtfulness, and for bad that you do not have a voice equal to Mr. CONABLE. Mr. Speaker, I saw the leadership he has given to our task that of the occupant of 1600 Pennsyl- some consternation on the faces of those force. vania Avenue, so that the entire country who remain as I walked in with these would understand that excellent progress eggs. I want to assure you I am not plan- Mr. POFF. Mr. Speaker, I thank the legislatively in the Congress has already gentleman. ning to pelt anyone with them. I would been made on this problem of juvenile like, rather, to pass out some bouquets to I know all on the task force agree with delinquency prevention?" the chairman of our crime task force, me when I say that the gentleman brings Hopefully, Mr. Speaker, attention can who has been tirelessly and thoughtfully a great reservoir of talent to our efforts. eventually be drawn to the impasse which exploring the scope of this issue, which is Mr. CONABLE. Mr. Speaker, will exists in the U.S. Senate, and whatever so important to the American people. the gentleman yield? reasons there may be for the delay, that This task force has been working hard Mr. POFF. I yield to the gentleman those reasons will disappear, and inac- for a long time, and I am proud to have from New York. tion will end and action will take place been a member of it. I think it will con- Mr. CONABLE. Mr. Speaker, I would in our other Chamber across the other tinue to work hard for some time to like to suggest that the gentleman from side of this building. come. While this is not a partisan issue, Mississippi would be welcome on the Re- All Americans deeply concerned about it is an issue of the people-really the publican task force on crime. He has only the growing rise of crime and juvenile people's greatest issue. It certainly is the to make one modest change. delinquency should indeed be demanding kind of issue that should have the at- Mr. Speaker, we all appreciate the that our sister Chamber take the same tention of us all, regardless of party, re- character of the gentleman's contribu- sort of constructive action which was gardless of our particular concerns in tions to the fight against crime. taken here in the House of Representa- this field. Mr. MACGREGOR. Mr. Speaker, will tives last August and last September. (over) Mr. POFF. I thank the gentleman. of legislation when he reaffirmed again by Federal Statute when the facilities of in- Before I conclude I should like to say the statement he made last year, in his terstate commerce are used. For example, that the thing in the President's message message about crime this year, in which there is the Mann-Act, the prohibition against which disappointed me most was his in- he said: the interstate transportation of strike break- sistence once again upon the wiretap bill Public order is the first business of Gov- ers, the Federal Kidnapping statute and the which he first proposed. As the Members ernment. Anti-Racketeering Act. of this body will recall, the President H.R. 421 is not intended to and does not would permit wiretaps for the gathering Mr. POFF. I thank the gentleman and limit the right of dissent and peaceful dem- my colleagues for their patience. onstration. Legitimate activities by those of evidence only in national security Mr. RHODES of Arizona. Mr. Speaker, who travel in interstate commerce to partici- cases, and he would decide or allow the appropriate authorities of the Executive we welcome President's Johnson's sup- pate in public gatherings or other lawful demonstrations are not affected. However, establishment to decide when the na- port in what we hope will be an all- those persons who use facilities in interstate tional security was involved and what out effort to combat and control crime. commerce, or who travel from one State to constituted national security cases. The need for such an effort has been another or from a foreign country to a State, The legislation which the task force carefully documented. Each day brings in order to incite or attempt to incite riots, has endorsed, which has been introduced new statistics that show a skyrocketing violence, looting, vandalism, arson, bombing. in this body and in the other body, would rise in crime. Each day brings fresh evi- and physical assaults would be subject to permit wiretapping only in those cases dence that something must be done to prosecution. reverse the alarming trend toward law- This bill would supplement, not supersede where the law-enforcement officer was able to convince an appropriate judge lessness. local law enforcement. Certainly the most effective means of riot control rests with the that the evidence could not be acquired One of the primary duties of Govern- State and local police. However, by assuring by other techniques, to convince the ment is to establish and maintain law Federal jurisdiction over "out-of-State" in- and order. Our very survival as a free citers, State and local authorities will be sub- judge that a crime had been committed and effective society depends upon how stantially assisted in keeping the peace and or was being committed, to convince the judge that a court order was necessary successfully we are able to implement protecting the public safety. this basic concept. H.R. 421 would provide a new and effective to acquire evidence of a crime specifically law-enforcement weapon in riot situations named in the legislation. In the first session of the 90th Con- like those that have occurred in Cleveland, Legislation of this kind has received gress, Republicans sponsored and sup- Cincinnati, Dayton, Boston, Buffalo, and almost universal endorsement. The con- ported legislation that must be enacted Waterloo. Many of the summertime riots if we are to win the battle against crime. have been traced to troublemakers who travel cept enjoys the approval of the three A bill that would establish a Federal about this Nation inciting riots. It is impera- previous Attorneys General, of the Ju- dicial Conference of the United States, program to provide assistance to local tive that we rid interstate commerce of these agitators and riot-mongers. The law-abiding of the majority of the President's own law enforcement agencies was passed by citizens in the area where the riots occur Crime Commission, and of every national the House with the overwhelming sup- may suffer grievous personal injury and un- law enforcement association in the port of the Republican Members. Simi- told property damage unless this additional United States which has pronounced larly, a Republican-sponsored bill that protection is afforded them. upon the subject. would impose criminal penalties upon persons traveling in, or using the facil- HOUSE REPUBLICAN POLICY COMMITTEE STATE- The Attorney General of the United ities of, interstate commerce with the MENT ON THE LAW ENFORCEMENT AND States today stands almost alone in his intent to incite a riot, was also passed CRIMINAL JUSTICE ASSISTANCE ACT OF 1967, opposition to that legislation. by the House. H.R. 5037, AUGUST 2, 1967 The urgency of that legislation is Unfortunately, this essential legisla- The events of recent weeks have starkly greater today than it was before Monday dramatized the crisis in law enforcement in tion was not adopted by the Senate dur- of last week. On that day the Supreme this country. The very ability of government ing the first session. We are hopeful to maintain law and order and to provide Court rendered two decisions which that, with the new-found interest and personal safety has been challenged. Local jointly had the effect of nullifying the support of the President, this legis- law enforcement, criminal justice, tech- utility of the gambling tax statutes under lation can be enacted into law without niques of correction and rehabilitation must which so many of the organized crimi- further delay. be updated and improved. nals of this country have been brought Mr. Speaker, I include in the RECORD H.R. 5037, the Law Enforcement and to the bar of justice. Now that law en- at this point the House Republican policy Criminal Justice Assistance Act of 1967, forcement officers are stripped of that committee statements of July 12, 1967, properly amended, could be an important means of assembling evidence it is all the step in the establishment of a federal pro- and August 2, 1967, that deal with this gram to provide assistance to local law en- more important that this carefully de- important legislation. As chairman of forcement agencies. Unfortunately, the Ad- vised legislation be considered promptly the policy committee, I believe that these ministration bill that was originally sub- and favorably by both Houses of the statements carefully set forth the need mitted contained the standard Great So- Congress. for this legislation and the reasons we ciety formula. It stified local initiative and Mr. Speaker, I am encouraged to hope urge its easily enactment. direction and placed maximum federal con- that the President will have the oppor- trol in the hands of the Attorney General. The statements referred to follow: tunity during this session of Congress to HOUSE REPUBLICAN POLICY COMMITTEE STATE- In an effort to improve the bill, the Repub- receive on his desk a bill which will in- MENT ON THE ANTIRIOT LEGISLATION, H.R. lican Members of the Judiciary Committee corporate as one of its essential features 421, JULY 12, 1967 obtained a number of amendments. For the legislation introduced by the gentle- example: The House Republican Policy Committee man from Ohio [Mr. McCuLLocH] and (a) An appropriate judicial review is pro- urges the prompt enactment of H.R. 421. vided in cases where the Attorney General the gentleman from Michigan [Mr. GER- This Republican sponsored legislation (the cuts off funds. ALD R. FORD], and a number of other Cramer bill) would impose criminal penal- (b) Congressional oversight on the opera- Members on this side of the aisle. If such ties upon persons traveling in or using the tion of the data bank has been established. legislation is a part of the bill before the facilities of interstate commerce with the (c) The open-end authorization was elimi- intent to incite a riot. President, I believe he will see fit to sign nated, thereby insuring essential legislative Last year in response to a growing public review of this Act. it. I cannot believe that the President demand for assistance in maintaining law could bring himself in the present state (d) The direct Federal payment of regu- and order in the streets and urban centers lar police salaries has been banned. of things to veto such legislation. With of our land, Republican antiriot legislation The present emergency demands that that thought in mind, I trust that our was adopted in the House of Representatives, meaningful and appropriate Federal assist- committees in both the House and the as an amendment to the proposed Civil ance be given to state and local law enforce- other body will move promptly. Rights Act of 1966, by a vote of 389 to 25. ment agencies. However, this crisis must not Mr. SMITH of New York. Mr. Speaker, That legislation was permitted to die in the be used as a vehicle to place Federal control Senate. Now, as a result of continuing pres- will the gentleman yield? over state and local police administration sure and leadership by Republican Members, and to lay the foundation for a centralized Mr. POFF. I yield to the gentleman this vital legislation is being brought to the Federal police force. Therefore, additional from New York. House Floor as an independent measure. and essential safeguards on the broad pow- Mr. SMITH of New York. I thank the The proposed legislation represents the ers of the Federal Administrator should be gentleman for yielding. I must agree with legitimate exercise of Federal criminal power adopted. the gentleman that I could not see the under authority-based on the commerce Law enforcement and criminal justice ad- President bring himself to veto that kind clause of the Constitution. Historically, cer- ministration are primarily local responsibil- tain types of conduct have been prohibited ities. Crime is essentially a local problem (more) that must be dealt with by state and local forcement and Criminal Justice. If cept the role of pacemakers for the pres- governments. Even the Attorney General has created, it could conduct research into ent administration. But we are not "be- stated, "We would hope to have all the States the application of advanced scientific guiled" nor will the American public be really working for a fully comprehensive and technological devices for improving deceived. plan for the State." Any provision or meas- ure that would upset or reverse this historic law enforcement, as well as for improv- Mr. MILLER of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, it concept must be avoided. The recent riots ing police training and education at Fed- is interesting that in this election year have reemphasized the basic 'fact that the eral, State, and local levels. However, of 1968 the President has suddenly State and its designated agencies must have at the risk of sounding self-laudatory, I awul ned to a national crisis in crime. the primary responsibility for coordinating wish to remind the President-and the He is eager to share the blame for the law enforcement effort within a state. public-that such proposals were first this A sgraceful crisis. Certainly, experience under the "poverty" put forward by Members of this House He implores that it not be made a program has demonstrated that failure to and were embodied in the substitute coordinate Federal activities with state ac- partisan issue in the forthcoming elec- tivities creates serious financial and adminis- amendment which I offered to title III tion. trative problems. of the omnibus anticrime bill. His wish is understandable! But the In a letter dated June 8, 1967, the National In fact, when one examines the Presi- escalation of crime in this country is Governors' Conference noted that "the state dent's 22 proposals to "insure public an issue. holds the primary responsibility for estab- safety," one finds that they consist al- Not because anyone makes it an issue. lishing the coordinating machinery needed most entirely of recommendations pre- But because the senseless, spiraling, rise for intergovernmental assistance programs." It was then suggested that H.R. 5037 be viously made by Republican Members, of crime in this land has struck fear and amended so that where a state has a plan for or are a rehash of the administration's frustration into the hearts of the good an appropriately balanced distribution of aid past proposals. Careful scrutiny of the men and women of this Nation. to local law enforcement activities, the Attor- President's February 7 message reveals It is an issue because the present ad- ney General shall make all grants to the his concurrence with Republican think- ministration has failed to comprehend state agency designated by the Governor to ing on the crime problem. For example: and cope with it. administer such plan. On July 18, 1967, Gov- ernor Nelson A. Rockefeller also urged the The President urges the prompt pas- It is an issue and a culpability the ad- sage of the Law Enforcement and Crim- ministration cannot escape or share. adoption of an amendment that would "as- sure that the State can effectively coordinate inal Justice Assistance Act-formerly The people of this county know who application for assistance." Governor Rocke- heralded by the misnomer "Safe Streets was manning the watch when the ship feller pointed out, "If comprehensive crime and Crime Control Act of 1967." I agree of state ran aground on this rocky shoal. control envisioned by H.R. 5037 is to be effec- that final action should be taken on this The President's election year message tive, it is essential that the legislation recog- bill-a measure which was considerably is a sorry excuse for the dangerous course nize the primary role of the State, especially improved by a series of Republican-of- he has been setting throughout his ad- in developing a statewide comprehensive plan." fered amendments passed by this House ministration. Every statistic is an indict- last August. ment of his public stewardship-every We support an amendment of this type. The President asks for a "major as- line a confession of his failures to pre- We believe it will provide essential state co- ordination and eliminate the Federal Gov- sistance program" for the purposes of serve to the people even the basic free- ernment's power to dominate and control educating and training the Nation's law- dom-freedom from the fear of criminal local law enforcement. We reject the Demo- enforcement personnel, as well as the ini- tyranny in the streets of our cities and cratic Majority's contention that the tiation of a comprehensive research pro- the homes of our land. Attorney General should have the maximum gram to be conducted through a Na- Crime is an issue in 1968, because the discretion in promulgating regulations and tional Institute of Law Enforcement and President did not make it an issue of his in administering the authorized programs to determine the population size that would Criminal Justice-virtually the sum and concern in 1967, or 1966, or 1965, or be most appropriate for participation in the substance of my amendment to title III 1964-when all America was crying out light of all considerations relevant to the of the anticrime bill. for some protection for the honorable particular programs." The President seeks a $100 million au- and decent citizens against the violent We believe that an appropriate allocation thorization for the crime bill-an and corrupt criminals who seemed to formula should be adopted. In the present amendment offered by my Republican enjoy unbelievable favor in the admin- bill, the only limitation on the Attorney General's discretion to distribute funds, is colleague from Minnesota [Mr. MAC- istration of justice during these years. the prohibition "that not more than 15 per- GREGOR] would have provided an in- The folly of this foolishness has come cent of the funds appropriated or allocated creased authorization. home. The day of reckoning is here. That for any fiscal year to carry out the purposes The President desires controls on the is why crime is an issue, and the Presi- of this Act shall be used within any one hallucinatory drug, LSD-a measure dent cannot escape it, or wish it away. State." first suggested by my Republican col- Certainly, there must be a statutory as- surance that there will be a meaningful league from Nebraska [Mr. CUNNING- amount of funds available for every State. HAM]. We believe that serious consideration The President also asks for riot con- should be given to the establishment of a trol legislation-legislation which my National Institute of Law Enforcement and Republican colleague from Florida [Mr. Criminal Justice which in turn would be authorized to establish regional training in- CRAMER] and many other Republican stitutes. In order to have a real impact on Members, including myself, have been our law enforcement problems, the education urging for years. and training of law enforcement and crim- The President wants to make it a Fed- inal justice personnel and research must be eral crime "to engage in gambling as a emphasized. Improved training of local and substantial business affecting interstate state law enforcement personnel in riot pre- commerce." I refer him to the legisla- vention, riot suppressión and riot control is needed. New techniques for combating orga- tion first sponsored by my Republican nized crime must be developed. These objec- colleague from Virginia [Mr. POFF]- tives can be accomplished through an Insti- and others-which would accomplish tute similar to the National Institute of precisely this purpose. Health or the. National Academy of Science. The President wants legislation to per- Moreover, the improved methods for crime mit the Federal Government to appeal detection, prevention, prosecution, and reha- pretrial orders granting motions to sup- bilitation can be developed and taught in press evidence. I suggest that he exam- this manner without the danger of domi- nant by the Federal Government. ine a bill first introduced last session by my colleague from Illinois [Mr. RAILS- Mr. McCLORY. Mr. Speaker, yester- BACK]. day, as I stood before this House, I As you will note, Mr. Speaker, many praised certain portions of the Presi- proposals made in the President's crime dent's message on crime. Indeed, I do message reveal a decidedly Republican find much to commend in the President's attitude on the subject of crime. recommendations, particularly those re- If imitation is the sincerest form of garding a National Institute of Law En- flattery, the Republicans modestly ac- (NOT PRINTED AT GOVERNMENT EXPENSE) 10 Congressional Record United States of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 90ᵗʰ CONGRESS, SECOND SESSION Vol. 114 WASHINGTON, THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 1, 1968 No. 14 Poff Calls Recent Court Decision Man- the Fourth Amendment had been thought not to prohibit the use of listening devices date for Congressional Action on where no trespass or physical intrusion was Eavesdropping involved in their installation. Poff pointed out, first, that the Katz opin- ion, because of its handling of the warrant Mr. GERALD R. FORD. Mr. Speaker, issue, "lays to rest for all time Constitu- our Republican task force on crime is tional doubts concerning Court ordered and deeply concerned with the problems in- Court supervised electronic surveillance." He further observed that now "it is beyond dis- volved in electronic eavesdropping. Under leave to extend my remarks, I pute that a warrant system precisely as is created in the McCulloch-Ford bill," of which include a January 16 press statement of he and the entire Crime Task Force are co- the task force, entitled "POFF Calls Re- sponsors, "will survive any tests" along Con- cent Court Decision Mandate for Con- stitutional lines. gressional Action on Eavesdropping": "At the same time, however," he continued, POFF CALLS RECENT COURT DECISION "MAN- "Katz cuts in another direction." "Whether DATE" FOR CONGRESSIONAL ACTION ON EAVES- rightly or wrongly," Poff explained, "the DROPPING Court has extended the reach of the Fourth Rep. Richard H. Poff (R.-Va.), Chairman Amendment far beyond the pale of anything of the House Republican Task Force on Crime previously held." "As of this date, Katz rep- today told his colleagues that a Supreme resents yet another restriction on legitimate Court decision handed down during the re- law enforcement." cess was a "mandate for Congressional ac- Poff noted that he was "not displeased" tion" in the area of electronic eavesdropping. with the Katz decision as long as "it is recog- In a speech on the House floor, Poff called nized for what it is." He welcomed it as a attention to the case of Katz V. United States mandate for legislation but, he said, "if Con- decided on December 18. In that case the gress does not respond to the mandate, then Court struck down the conviction of a west law enforcement will suffer, again," and more coast bookmaker because government agents important, he continued, "it will suffer at our who were investigating him did not obtain hands, not those of the Court." a search warrant before installing a listen- "The ball has been thrown to us," he con- ing device outside a telephone booth from cluded, "we cannot drop it." which he was making gambling calls. At the time the investigation was being carried on, (NOT PRINTED AT GOVERNMENT EXPENSE) 10 Congressional Record United States of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 90ᵗʰ CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION Vol. 113 WASHINGTON, FRIDAY, DECEMBER 15, 1967 No. 206 SUMMARY OF THE ACHIEVEMENTS think that the President's recent statements calling public attention to the existence of a OF THE HOUSE REPUBLICAN on crime, particularly yesterday's aimed at Federal crime statute making it a Federal TASK FORCE ON CRIME the Congress, represents a true change of di- crime to travel from one state to another rection? If so, how does the Attorney Gen- Mr. GERALD R. FORD. Mr. Speaker, with the intent to promote or incite arson. It eral fit into this picture? was Clark who delayed until last week end I believe my colleagues will be interested Wishing you a happy Holiday Season, I am, even a minimum administrative and organi- in a summary of the work which the Very truly yours, zational effort to deal with the mass viola- House Republican task force on crime GERALD R. FORD, tions of Selective Service laws, and then he has done since it was established earlier Members of Congress. was content simply to establish a new unit this session under the able chairmanship which functionally can do little more than of the gentleman from Virginia [Mr. DECEMBER 14, 1967. can already be done under traditional Hon. GERALD R. FORD, PoFF]. This is one of our most serious procedures. Minority Leader, national problems, and the House Re- More recently, a syndicated columnist re- U.S. House of Representatives, ported sharp disagreement between the Pres- publican Committee on Research and Washington, D.C. ident and his Attorney General on how to Planning headed by the gentleman from DEAR JERRY: Your letter concerning the proceed in the matter of Stokely Carmichael. New York [Mr. GOODELL] moved prompt- Task Force is most gracious. I know all mem- From the foregoing, you will see that what ly to develop a constructive legislative bers would want me to express their appre- is unpredictable is how long Mr. Clark will program for crime prevention and law ciation not only for these kind words but for the leadership and assistance you have fit into the picture at all. I am sure that you enforcement through the combined and given so faithfully in connection with all have heard as I have heard speculation that, very considerable legal and legisla- as the election grows nearer, if the nation's our projects. tive talents of DICK POFF'S task force. chief law enforcement officer continues to I will do my best to reply responsively, Under leave to extend my remarks, there rest on the oars, Clark may go the way Mc- candidly and yet briefly to your questions. Namara and Goldberg are going and others follows an exchange of correspondence Actually, all three questions are intimately may go. and two recent statements of the House interwoven into one, viz., will there be any In summary, I think that beginning early Republican task force on crime relating escalation in the Administration's war on next year there is likely to be a Presidential to organized crime and proposed legisla- crime in 1968? crusade to blame Congress for the crime tion aimed at loan sharks. My answer depends upon many imponder- crisis. And there will doubtless be some sur- ables and unpredictables. There is nothing face escalation of the war on crime, a political uncertain about the need for escalation; the pageant, with or without Ramsey Clark. The following is an exchange of corre- crime problem is bigger than ever before, Sincerely, spondence between House Republican Lead- growing faster than ever and neglected more RICHARD H. POFF, er Gerald R. Ford (R-Mich.) and Rep. Rich- than any other. In fairness, it should be Member of Congress. ard H. Poff (R-Va.), Chairman of the House said that so far as the President is con- Republican Task Force on Crime, summariz- cerned, neglect has been more unavoidable [A press release of the Republican Task Force ing legislative action taken in the 1st Ses- than purposeful. The President has been on Crime, Dec. 5, 1967] sion, 90th Congress, and the prospects for necessarily preoccupied with other grave GOP CRIME GROUP UNVEILS COMPREHENSIVE additional action on the part of the Congress domestic problems and with the tragic war ATTACK ON ORGANIZED CRIME'S MONEY and the Administration in 1968. in Vietnam. While it may be that the Presi- MAKERS DECEMBER 12, 1967. dent's recent statements concerning the Hon. RICHARD H. POFF, crime problem foreshadow a deliberate, WASHINGTON, D.C.-The House Republican Chairman, House Republican Task Force on methodical campaign in the election year to Task Force on Crime Tuesday unveiled plans Crime, U.S. House of Representatives, blame Congress for the problem, I doubt for a "comprehensive legislative" attack on Washington, D.C. that it is accurate to say that his statements the three major money makers of organized DEAR DICK: As we approach the close of the represent any change in philosophical ap- crime, gambling, narcotics trafficking and first session of the 90th Congress, I want to proach. loan-sharking. They pegged the "take" from express to you as Chairman of the House What is imponderable and unpredicable is these racket activities at "nothing less than Republican Task Force on Crime the sincere how, in your words, the Attorney General fits $10 billion a year-$50 for every man, woman appreciation I feel for the fine work you and into the picture. During his short time in and child in America." all Task Force members have done this year. office, Attorney General Clark, formerly at- Federal statutes specificaly aimed at those I have just had an opportunity to review tached to the lands division of the Justice offenses "are largely inadequate," the GOP the summary of performance, and the record Department, has shown himself to be some- Crime Task Force charged, and they said "no is truly outstanding. You have made specific thing less than a "crime fighter." It was he legislation of significance in these areas has and positive proposals for legislation deal- who persuaded the President to veto the Dis- been enacted since 1961." ing with the prevention and control of crime trict of Columbia crime package last year In a prepared statement, the Task Force in America and have stimulated legislative and, in the year since, major crime in the Dis- outlined its plans for a program "aimed di- action which otherwise would never have trict has increased by 34%, a rate more than rectly at the three most lucrative racket been taken. twice that of the nation at large. It was Clark activities. In some instances we will modern- Conspicuous among Republican contribu- who issued instructions to all Federal in- ize old proposals; in others, we will make tions to the legislative successes of the House vestigative agencies strictly limiting the use recommendations to fill the gaps in existing in the field of crime control were the inter- of on-person transmitters with remote re- laws; in still others, we will propose new state anti-riot bill authored by Bill Cramer corders, an evidence-gathering technique re- laws where none now exist," he said. of Florida, the bill introduced by Tom Rails- peatedly and presently sanctioned by the Because "organized crime cannot be met back authorizing prosecution appeals in sup- courts. It was Clark who opposed and still with programs whose impact will not be felt pression of evidence orders, the bill granting opposes legislation conformed carefully to the for twenty years, immediately effective solu- disability benefits as well as survivorship Constitutional mandates of the Supreme tions are required," the Crime Group said, benefits to local police officers wounded or Court which authorizes wiretaps by police and these are "laws and law enforcement". killed in pursuit of federal law-breakers, the officers investigating specific crimes under The Task Force reiterated its support for McClory amendment to the crime bill to es- court warrant and continuing court super- legislation which would permit court super- tablish a National Institute on Law Enforce- vision; persists in his negative posture in the vised electronic eavesdropping and which ment and Criminal Justice, and the Bill face of endorsements by his three immediate would broaden witness immunity procedures, Cahill bloc grant amendment to the crime predecessors in office, the Judicial Confer- but said that "pending Congressional action bill and the juvenile delinquency bill. ence of the United States and every major on these bills". the enactment of their new I would be interested to have your esti- national organization of law enforcement program would "greatly aid the Executive mate of the prospects for a genuine crack- officials. It was Clark who allowed the whole Branch" in the war against organized crime. down on crime in 1968. Specifically, do you hot summer of 1967 to pass without even Rep. Richard H. Poff (R-Va.), Task Force Chairman. indicated that the first part of [A press release of the Republican Task the program would deal with "loan-shark- Force on Crime. Dec. 11. 1967) interest payments than in collecting princi- ing" and that the legislation would be in- pal and that force or threats of force of the troduced "hopefully in a day or so." GOP CRIME GROUP OFFERS "ANTI- most brutal kind are used to effect interest LOAN-SHARK BILL Gambling. narcotics trafficking. and loan collection. eliminate protest when interest sharking account for the great preponder- WASHINGTON, D.C.-As the first of three rates are raised and prevent the harassed ance of the illegal dollar loss to the American steps in its "comprehensive legislative at- borrower from reporting the activity to public that is being channeled today into the tack" on the major sources of income for or- enforcement officials. pockets of racketeers. ganized crime, the House Republican Task Despite the wealth of documentation con- The President's Crime Commission Indi- Force on Crime today introduced a bill concerning the evils of loan sharking and cated that illegal gambling provided or- specifically aimed at "loan-sharking." Its clear relation to organized crime on a ganized crime with a net profit of no less Last week the GOP Crime Group an- national level, no federal statute exists which than seven billion dollars a year. With re- nounced plans for a legislative program deals directly or effectively with it. spect to loan sharking. the lending of money directed at gambling. narcotics trafficking Two federal statutes have been used from at higher rates than the legally proscribed and loan-sharking. "the three major money time to time against loan sharks. but they limit. they found that It was organized makers of organized crime." whose "take" are applicable only where actual collection crime's second largest source of revenue and they estimated at "nothing less than $10 bil- methods amount to provable extortion. These noted that many officials "classify the busi- lion a year." statutes are generally anti-racketeering ness in the multi-billion dollar range." The Calling "loan-sharking", or the lending of statutes aimed at extortion. among other Commission further stated that the illegal money at illegal rates of interest, "a source things. At the time they were enacted, Con- heroin trade alone is three hundred fifty mil- of racket income second only. to gambling gress did not have loan sharking specifically lion dollars annually. This does not take into in the multi-billion dollar a year range," in mind. In our view, this constitutes a account the trade in marijuana and hal- the Task Force cited findings by the Presi- serious gap in the law for the very practical lucinogens like LSD. part. if not all of which dent's Crime Commission that typical loan- reason that while extortionate collection may is also controlled by organized crime. shark victims are marginal. small business- be implied in any loan shark situation, in In light of these reliable estimates. it seems men and wage earners in mass employment the overwhelming majority of cases extor- fair to place the "take" of these three illegal industries. They said that the classic rate tion simply cannot be proved. activities at nothing less than ten billion of interest charged was "20% a week." The dock worker who borrows from the dollars a year, or fifty dollars for every man, The Task Force pointed out, among other well-known neighborhood loan-shark to pay woman nad child in America. This is approxi- things. that Congressional Committee reports for family sickness may not be told and does mately one-half of the entire cost of the war are filled with testimony concerning small not have to be told precisely what will hap- in Vietnam for the fiscal year 1967, almost businesses which have been taken over lock, pen to him If he doesn't pay on time. The the exact amount of the federal budget def- stock and barrel by the syndicate which got clothing store operator who borrows to keep icit of $9.9 billion for the same year, and its first foothold through a loan shark." up with legitimate creditors during slack half again the $6.3 billion the President orig- Despite this and the fact that loan shark- seasons may not be beaten up by the polite inally said his 10% surtax on incomes would ing is clearly part of organized crime on a yet menacing hoodlums who inquire as to produce in the first year. We note the Crime national level, "no federal statute exists the status of payments. He too knows what Commission's finding that "If organized which deals directly or effectively with it," crime paid income tax on every cent of their the Crime Group continued. "In our view the message is. These are the typical situa- tions-the threat merely implied but none- vast earnings. everybody's tax bill would go this constitutes a serious gap in the law." The GOP bill makes it a federal crime to theless real and effective simply because the down We do not suggest that all the lend money at illegal rates of interest when- syndicate lurking in the background is money that is thus being poured into the coffers of organized crime could or even ever such a loan interferes with or affects known to be involved. Under existing federal interstate commerce, or whenever any part of law, extortion could not be proved in either should be diverted to the Government. Rath- situation. the loan transaction or efforts at collection er. It is our purpose in citing these figures The House Republican Task Force on to dramatize the staggering sums that are cross state lines. It is based upon the loan being siphoned from the American public at for a charge prohibited by State law. "If there Crime, as the first step in its legislative the very time when it is being asked to make is no initial violation of State law. there is program against the major sources of income for organized crime, has drafted and in- financial sacrifices to combat inflation. cut no violation of Federal law." a Task Force spokesman said. troduced in the House of Representatives, the budget deficit, and pay for the increased The bill is sponsored by Rep. Richard H. a bill specifically aimed at loan sharking. It cost of the year. Poff (R.-Va.), the Task Force Chairman, by is intended to expand federal jurisdiction The organized criminals of today are the thirteen other members of the Task over this activity and to make it a federal generally not the creatures of poverty and Force, and by GOP Minority Leader Gerald crime to lend money at illegal rates of in- despair although surely they principally terest, wherever such a loan affects or inter- feed upon the victims of poverty and R. Ford (R.-Mich.), Rep. William M. McCul- feres with interstate commerce. It is thus a despair. Organized crime cannot be met with loch (R.-Ohio), Ranking Minority Member of the House Judiciary Committee, and Rep. two-part bill which approaches loan sharking programs whose impact will not be felt for from two well-established bases of federal twenty years. It requires immediately effec- William B. Widnall (R.-N.J.), Ranking Mi- tive solutions, laws and law encorcement. nority Member of the House Banking and jurisdiction. Both parts amend the existing Currency Committee. anti-racketeering statutes which we have Part of the responsibility for enacting the previously noted. laws lies with the United States Congress; Among the benefits that will result from The first part amends Section 1951 of Title part of the responsibility for enforcing these the new law is increased jurisdiction "for 18, United States Code, which deals with laws lies with the Executive Branch of the federal agents to investigate loan-shark al- robbery and extortion which interferes with Federal Government. legations." the Task Force explained. And, or affects interstate commerce. Loan-shark- This Task Force finds that existing federal they added "the mere thought that they may ing would be added as a federal crime under statues specifically aimed at gambling. nar- now be involved in a federal crime might be these circumstances, and as a result, an il- cotics trafficking and loan-sharking are enough to drive many loan-sharks out of legal loan to a business which ships its goods largely inadequate. The Anti-Racketeering business, without anything more." from Chicago to Detroit might be the subject statutes of 1961 have been effective to some of a federal prosecution. degree in this regard but experience has HOUSE REPUBLICAN TASK FORCE ON CRIME The second part amends Section 1952 of shown that even they are but a partial solu- STATEMENT CONCERNING LOAN-SHARK LEG- Title 18, which deals with several racketeer- tion. No substantive legislation of signifi- ISLATION ing activities that are federal crimes when cance in these areas has been enacted since According to the President's Crime Com- any part of the transaction crosses state lines. then. It is our intent to propose to the Con- mission, "loan-sharking," the lending of Loan-sharking is added to these, and as a gress in three stages beginning shortly a money at illegal interest rates, is a source of result, a telephone call from New York to comprehensive legislative program aimed revenue for organized crime, second only to Miami or travel from New Jersey to Penn- directly at these most lucrative racket ac- gambling. The annual "take" from loan- sylvania might be the subject of federal tivities. In some instances we will modernize sharking has been estimated at many knowl- prosecution. old proposals; in others, we will make rec- edgeable law enforcement officials to be in Both violations are based upon the lend- ommendations to fill the gaps in existing the "multi-billion dollar range." ing of money for a charge or rate of in- law; in still others, we will propose new laws The Commission noted that gamblers bor- terest prohibited by the laws of the State where none now exist. row to pay their losses and addicts borrow to where the loan is made. If there is no initial This Task Force remains committed to purchase narcotics. They also found that the violation of State law there is no violation the proposition that the enactment of legisla- same men who take bets from or sell policy of Federal law. Subsequent threats to en- tion permitting court-supervised electronic slips to employees in the mass employment force collection of the loan need not be eavesdroping would constitute the single industries, on the docks for example. lend proved so long as the loan itself is illegal. most important step the Congress could take them money to pay off the gambling debts or There is an abundance of precedent for in the war against organized crime. In our to meet household expenses. Small business- this legislation and we feel it will go a long view, the enactment of a broader witness Im- men borrow from loan sharks when legiti- way towards drying up a principal source of munity procedure would also be highly mate credit channels are closed to them and revenue for organized crime. For one thing significant. We nonetheless realize that more in this regard. Congressional Committee re- it will provide hitherto lacking jurisdiction, than even these statutes are necessary if it ports are filled with testimony concerning except where a potential tax evasion case is to be a full-scale war that we will fight small businesses which have been taken is present, for federal agents to investigate and win. Pending Congressional action on over lock, stock and barrel by the syndicate loan-shark allegations. Further, federal the eavesdropping and immunity bills. we after it got its foothold through a loan shark. prosecutions will inevitably result but even believe that the enactment of the program we The Crime Commission determined that where they don't, evidence will be turned propose will partially fulfill the Congress' re- interest rates vary from 1 to 150 percent a over to local law officers for prosecution. sponsibility in the war and will greatly aid week but that the classic 6 for 5, or 20 per- Finally, the mere thought that they may the Executive Branch in discharging its part. cent a week, was most common with small now be involved in a violation of federal borrowers. They observed that the loan shark law, might be enough to drive many loan- is usually more interested in perpetuating sharks out of the business without anything more. This, in itself, will be a significant accomplishment. (NOT PRINTED AT GOVERNMENT EXPENSE) 10 Congressional Record United States of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION Vol. 113 WASHINGTON, TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 21, 1967 No. 190 REPORTS OF THE REPUBLICAN The GOP Task Force also called for re- bility for it must be laid at the door of the TASK FORCE ON CRIME form of the Bail Reform Act, citing the Johnson Administration. We have had only fact that the "no-show" rate among crim- (Mr. GERALD R. FORD (at the re- a veto and inaction from the President and inal defendants has jumped alarmingly since timidity from his advisers where crime in quest of Mr. ZWACH) was granted per- it has been implemented as have the num- our nation's capital is concerned. mission to extend his remarks at this ber of additional crimes committed by those No one represented last year's crime bill as point in the RECORD and to include extra- who have been released under it. They sug- a cure-all for the District's ills. Nonetheless, neous matter.) gested allowing the courts more discretion it reflected the combined judgment of the Mr. GERALD R. FORD. Mr. Speaker, in denying or setting conditions of release members of both Houses of Congress that Americans everywhere are becoming in- for those who are a danger to the commu- broader police powers and more realistic rules creasingly concerned with the soaring nity and in revoking or cancelling the re- of evidence in criminal prosecutions were lease of those who continue to commit crim- crime rate. The House Republican task two steps in the right direction. The Presi- inal acts while free. dent's rejection of this partial solution was force on crime has released two state- They further called the District Bail made doubly unfortunate because it was ments this month which deserve the Agency "woefully understaffed" and recom- based upon the dubious advice of the now attention of all of us. mended the establishment of "some ma- Attorney General to the effect that "funda- Under leave to extend my remarks, I chinery to supervise the activities of released mental Constitutional questions" pervaded include a statement on "Crime in the defendants." "If some money and manpower the bill. Reasonable men can easily differ District of Columbia," issued with a press are needed, it is up to the Executive Branch when it comes to interpreting the Constitu- to advise the Congress where and how much." release of November 13, entitled "GOP tion. A great majority of the Congress "So far we have heard nothing," they said. thought the bill was Constitutional. Ulti- Task Force Charges Administration mately though, the issue is one for the Ju- Failure in D.C. Crime Fight." On Novem- CRIME IN THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA diclary. The President would have done well ber 11 the press release was entitled There is a distinctly hollow ring to Presi- to leave it to the courts rather than to "Crime Rate 'National Disgrace'," and dent Johnson's latest statements about fight- rely upon the predictably negative advice of the statement is on "The Federal Magis- ing crime in the District of Columbia. The an Attorney General who frequently seems trates Act-S. 945": time for hand-wringing and bombast has more concerned over the appearances of the GOP TASK FORCE CHARGES ADMINISTRATION long since passed. Washington is the one city system than he is over whether it actually FAILURE IN D.C. CRIME FIGHT in which all Americans have a substantial works. stake. It is also the one city in the entire What has the administration offered in WASHINGTON.-The House Republican Task nation where the federal government has the lieu of the District crime bill? Precious Force on Crime charged today that "an sole responsibility for controlling crime and little. A short month after the veto the Administration that desires control over the preserving order. An Administration that de- President's Commission on Crime in the 'safe streets' program of all the states ought sires control over the "safe streets" programs District of Columbia sent him a report con- first demonstrate the initiative and aptitude of all the states ought first demonstrate taining more than two hundred specific for insuring that streets in its own back- the initiative and aptitude for insuring that crime recommendations. He has largely yard are safe." streets in its own backyard are safe. Thus, ignored these. Early in this session the Ad- They noted that the federal government the President might well be concerned over ministration did offer a bill which embodied has the sole responsibility for controlling crime in Washington and the fact that the a few of the "easier" recommendations. But crime and preserving order in Washington, situation here is close to the worst in the it was patchwork legislation bearing no re- D.C., and that the crime rate there is close nation. But his recent exhortations come a semblance to an anti-crime package, and if to the worst in the nation. "The streets of little late in the game for us. We are per- enacted, would have accomplished very little. Washington are unsafe. The Administration suaded that they are nothing more than Fortunately for the citizens of the District, has failed in its own backyard," they said, talk, born more of the realization that he the last year's vetoed bill was introduced in "Congress cannot, in conscience, give it the couldn't ignore the problem forever than of the House again. As usual it received bi- responsibility for insuring safe streets else- any particular interest in ridding the Dis- partisan support and after absorbing some where." trice of crime. of the worthwhile features of the Adminis- The GOP crime group observed that Mon- For one thing, it is now a year to the day tration's bill, it has again passed the House. day marked "a year to the day since the since the President vetoed the District of Co- It now languishes in the Senate District President vetoed the District of Columbia lumbia anti-crime bill which had been passed Committee where it is likely to remain un- anti-crime bill which had been passed over- overwhelmingly by the 89th Congress. If til the next session simply because the whelmingly by the 89th Congress" and that the crime situation had improved any during President is not in sympathy with it and has he has offered "precious little" in lieu of it. the past twelve months, there would be less taken no steps to push it along. In the meantime, crime in the District is to be said today about that historic non- Similar treatment is being accorded an- up one third over a year ago. event. But according to figures compiled by other bill which would enhance the fight The Task Force also took note of the Pres- the Metropolitan Police Department, things against crime in the District. The Federal ident's latest "get-tough" statements about are even worse, far worse, than a year ago. Magistrates Act long ago passed the Senate crime in Washington and said they "come During the month of September a total of by a wide margin, but it is stalled in the a little late in the game for us." "We are 3,393 index offenses were reported in the House Judiciary Committee, again because persuaded that this is nothing more than District. Index offenses represent seven cate- the Administration has shown no particular talk, born more of the realization that he gories of crime, four against the person interest in it. The Magistrates Act applies to couldn't ignore the problem forever than and three against property. This figure is an the entire federal system, but since the ju- of any particular interest in ridding the increase of 565 offenses or 20% over Sep- dicial system in the District is entirely fed- District of crime," they continued. tember 1966 and marks the sixty-fourth eral, it would obviously have its greatest im- In addition to the veto of last year's crime consecutive month for which an increase in pact here. For years it has been recognized bill, the Task Force charged that the John- District crime was noted. Even more startling that one of the most vexing problems sur- son Administration has largely ignored the is the fact that this brought the "trend of rounding the administration of justice in recommendations of his District of Colum- offenses," that is, offenses for the preceeding Washington has been the ever growing back- bia Crime Commission, has taken no steps to twelve-month period, to 36,497, an increase log of cases awaiting trial. Delays between push a new District crime bill along, has of 9,239 or 33.9% from the trend of Sep- arrest and final judgment are interminable. failed to support the Federal Magistrates tember 1966, and an increase of 269.8% from The Magistrates Act would speed up this Act, and has not filled even existing vacan- the low point of April 1957. This is an appall- process by freeing the judges from routine cies in District law enforcement personnel. ing record. A large measure of the responsi- tasks and permitting magistrates to handle not only these but also the trial of minor offenses. This legislation is also bipartisan. The GOP Crime Group noted that the na- criminal and civil, that today's courts are Concededly, it 18 neither dramatic nor ex- tion's spiraling crime rate is a "disgrace", called upon to handle. This is as true in citing, but that is no excuse for letting it and blamed part of the problem on the fail- the Federal system as it is in those of the wither on the vine. ure "to dispense swift, sure justice". states. Many of the duties that now occupy In recent months the Bail Reform Act has Any bill which tends to speed up the proc- Federal judges are ministerial, routine and been roundly criticized by District judges ess of criminal justice takes on "special sig- minor, yet nevertheless, time-consuming. and prosecutors, and the President must be nificance," they explained. "The House Re- To us, the significant feature of the Magis- aware that the Act itself is badly in need of publican Task Force on Crime believes that trates Act is that it would free a federal reform. The "no-show" rate among criminal S. 945, the Federal Magistrates Act, is just judge from these less important procedural defendants has jumped alarmingly since it such legislation." tasks and enable him to devote more time has been implemented as have the number The Senate passed proposal would replace and attention to matters of substance in of additional crimes committed by those who U.S. Commissioners with a new position of the administration of justice. This means have been released under it. The spirit and U.S. Magistrates, whose qualifications for faster justice. purpose of the Bail Act are undeniably noble, office are greatly upgraded and whose duties In establishing a system of U.S. Magis- and it has gone a long way toward curbing are greatly expanded. trates, S. 945 formally classifies them as inequities in the administration of justice. "If enacted, the bill will clearly promote either full time or part time, stipulates that We do not suggest that it be scrapped. It is swifter justice in federal criminal cases," the they must be attorneys, unless securing a clear, though, that amendment is necessary GOP statement continues. "Nowhere is this qualified attorney is impossible, and provides to allow the courts more discretion in deny- more needed than in our nation's Capital other minimum qualifications to insure ju- ing or setting conditions of release for those where all crimes are within the jurisdiction dicial independence and disinterest. A sys- who are a danger to the community and in of the Federal courts. tem of salaries set on a sliding scale accord- revoking or cancelling the release of those "The snail's pace at which all judicial sys- ing to anticipated workload replaces the in- who continue to commit criminal acts while tems seem to operate is a product of the ever consistent fee system of compensation now free. It is further clear that the woefully increasing number of matters, both civil and practiced. Magistrates, appointed by the understaffed District Bail Agency must be criminal, that today's courts are called upon Court, are guaranteed an 8-year term of office expanded and that some machinery must be to handle." The GOP Crime Task Force out- and part-time Magistrates are given a 4- established to supervise the activities of re- lined the provisions of the Federal Magis- year term of office, with provisions for re- leased defendants or else many of them will trates Act, and said, moval only for cause. continue to run wild. All of these reforms These changes are essentially pro forma. were suggested by the Crime Commission a "To us, the significant feature is that The substance of the legislation is that U.S. year ago. If money and manpower are needed, it would free a federal judge from less im- Magistrates could be assigned duties by the it is up to the Executive Branch to advise portant procedural tasks and enable him District Courts in addition to those presently the Congress where and how much. So far to devote more time to matters of substance understaken by U.S. Commissioners. These we have heard nothing. We have no reason in the administration of justice." may include service as special masters, su- to believe the Administration is even slightly "We urge early action," they continued. pervision of pretrial or discovery proceed- concerned over this. "The 90th Congress has done little enough ings in both criminal and civil cases, and The record of the Administration is equally in enacting meaningful crime legislation." preliminary consideration of petitions for inglorious when it comes to filling existing We should not adjourn "without laying on post conviction relief. Further, the trial vacancies in law enforcement personnel. The the President's desk the new Federal Magis- jurisdiction of Magistrates would be ex- President spoke about doubling the size of trates Act," they declared. panded beyond minor criminal offenses when the Police Department, yet it is an estab- the accused executes a knowledgeable lished fact that more than three hundred va- waiver of both his right to trial before a cancies exist in positions already established. THE FEDERAL MAGISTRATES AcT (S. 945) District Court and any right to trial by jury More shameful is the situation in the United Because justice delayed is indeed justice he may have. The Magistrates' trial juris- States Marshal's office where summons and denied, Congress should not adjourn without diction, with certain exceptions, would ex- other court documents remain unserved for laying on the President's desk the new Fed- tend to misdemeanors, wherever committed, months because almost 20% of their posi- eral Magistrates Act. that are punishable by imprisonment for not tions are unfilled. This delay in service re- Our soaring crime rate is a national dis- more than 1 year, or a fine of not more than cently prompted a federal judge from North- grace. The causes of crime and the reasons $1,000, or both. ern Virginia to direct his own marshals to why we have been ineffective in dealing with Finally, preliminary procedures are im- handle service of process in Washington it are numerous. Part of the problem lies in proved by requiring that, absent a grand where cases in his court were involved. Not the fact that we are no longer able, as a na- jury indictment or an appropriate court too long ago a U.S. Marshal's job was much tion, to dispense swift, sure justice. Despite order, a hearing must be held within 10 days sought after, but this is obviously no longer recent bail reform movements, for exam- following initial appearance if the accused is the case in the District of Columbia. We also ple, some innocent suspects still languish in held in custody, or within 20 days following frequently hear how the United States At- jail for months awaiting their day in court. initial appearance if the accused has been torney's office is understaffed and of the Others, released on bond, have too much released on bail or otherwise. enormous case load each prosecutor is re- time before trial in which perhaps to com- In summary, S. 945, in an effort to lessen quired to carry. Surely some lawyers could be mit additional crimes, intimidate witnesses the ever-growing workload of the U.S. Dis- spared from the Department of Justice to and conceal evidence. Both the man in jail trict Courts in matters that are more de- help ease the load in what is truly an emer- and the man on the street lose respect for sirably performed by the lower tier of judi- gency situation, but we see no evidence that a system of law and justice which permits cial officers, updates and makes more effec- this is in the offing either. These last are such injustice. To the one it is cruel; to the tive a system that is no longer adequate. problems the President could solve without other it is a joke. This legislation has the formal endorse- Congressional assistance. It is apparent that any legislation, no mat- ment of the Judicial Conference of the In summary, the House Republican Task ter what its principal purpose might be, United States and the American Bar As- Force on Crime would note that crime in the which tends to speed up the process of dis- sociation and is supported by the Depart- District of Columbia has been on the up- pensing criminal justice takes on special sig- ment of Justice and the National Associ- swing for a decade. The increase has been nificance. The House Republican Task Force ation of U.S. Commissioners. It was origi- twice the national rate. In the face of this, on Crime believes that S. 945, the Federal nally introduced in the Senate by Senators positive action by the Administration has Magistrates Act, is just such legislation. It Joseph Tydings (D.-Md.) and Hugh Scott Leen totally lacking. The streets of Wash- abolishes the office of United States Commis- (R.-Pa.) in June of 1966. In June of this ington are unsafe. The Administration has sioner, the first person within the judicial year it passed the Senate overwhelmingly. failed in its own backyard. Congress cannot, system with whom a criminal defendant or- It now rests in the House Judiciary Com- in conscience, give it the responsibility for dinarily comes into contact and replaces the mittee. We urge early action. The 90th Con- insuring safe streets elsewhere. We ask only Commissioner with a United States Magis- gress, First Session, has done little enough for some sign from the President that he rec- trate whose qualifications for office are great- in enacting meaningful crime legislation. ognizes his responsibility towards the na- ly upgraded and whose duties are greatly There is no excuse for inaction on something tion's capital and that he is going to act expanded. Although the Magistrates Act was as worthwhile as this. about crime and not merely talk about it. not conceived as principally an anti-crime measure, it is one nonetheless because it will CRIME RATE "NATIONAL DISGRACE"; GOP TASK clearly promote swifter justice in federal FORCE Asks LEGISLATIVE ACTION criminal cases. Nowhere is this more needed The House Republican Task Force on Crime than in our nation's Capital where all crimes Monday asked for speedy passage of the Fed- are within the jurisdiction of the Federal eral Magistrates Act endorsed by the Judicial courts. This Task Force approves the spirit Conference of the United States and intro- of the Magistrates Act and endorses its terms. duced with bipartisan sponsorship, and called The snail's pace at which all judicial sys- it a bill that would unclog the backlog of tems seem to operate is a product of the criminal cases. ever-increasing number of matters, both (NOT PRINTED AT GOVERNMENT EXPENSE) 10 Congressional Record United States of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 90ᵗʰ CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION Vol. 113 WASHINGTON, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 22, 1967 No. 191 REPORT OF REPUBLICAN TASK The GOP crime group called upon the Early in this session of Congress, Rep. Wil- FORCE ON CRIME President to instruct the Attorney General liam McCulloch (R.-Ohio) introduced leg- "to withdraw his opposition" to use of court islation designed to strike the delicate bal- (Mr. GERALD R. FORD (at the re- approved electronic surveillance in the in- ance between the individual right to privacy quest of Mr. EDWARDS of Alabama) was vestigation of organized crime by federal and and the legitimate need for society as a granted permission to extend his re- state law enforcement officers. Calling the whole to be protected from criminal acts. marks at this point in the RECORD and to Judicial Conference of the United States sup- The McCulloch bill was essentially prohibi- include extraneous matter.) port for wiretap legislation "most significant", tory; yet at the same time it preserved to Mr. GERALD R. FORD. Mr. Speaker, they stated, "There is no longer a basis for law enforcement carefully limited author- reasonable controversy over the necessity or ity to employ effective and proven investiga- under leave to extend my remarks I in- Constitutionality of this legislation. tive techniques with court approval and su- clude three statements prepared by the "The time has come to end the debate. pervision. This Task Force has been more Republican task force on crime. The first, Now it is time for action," the Task Force active in urging the enactment of this legis- entitled "GOP Crime Task Force Asks declared. lation. L. B. J. To Disavow Goddard 'Marijuana' With respect to the Judicial Conference, In June, the Supreme Court decided the Statement," was issued on October 20. the Task Force noted that it "is a body of now famous case of Berger V. New York. At unparalleled prestige" headed by the Chief The second, dated October 2, concerns the time we felt the language of Berger was Justice of the United States Supreme Court. a blueprint for a statute which would meet the support by the Judicial Conference of Judicial Conference membership includes the Constitutional demands and an invitation the United States the use of court-ap- chief judges of all the Federal Circuit Courts to the Congress to fashion such a statute. It proved electronic surveillance. and selected judges of certain Federal Dis- appears that we were correct. The third, issued on September 27, is trict Courts. Their report "represents the It is the suggestion of the Judicial Con- captioned "GOP Crime Group Scores considered judgment of a purely judicial ference that such electronic surveillance Clark as Negative, Obstinate." body" whose members are "in no way spokes- legislation be drafted with a specific eye to- men for law enforcement." The statements follow: wards the Berger decision. This. has been The GOP statement continued, "Their done. Today Rep. McCulloch and Rep. Rich- GOP CRIME TASK FORCE Asks L. B. J. To stated position, volunteered and unsolicited, ard H. Poff (R.-Va.), Chairman of this Task DISAVOW GODDARD "MARIHUANA" STATE- can only be interpreted in one way. They rec- Force, introduced in the House legislation in- MENT ognize the need for electronic surveillance in corporating amendments to the McCulloch According to a UPI story: "Marijuana is no order to effectively fight crime. Moreover, bill which we feel accomplish precisely what more dangerous than alcohol, Dr. James L. they recognize that law enforcement can be the Judicial Conference suggests is Constitu- Goddard, Commissioner of the Food and given this tool within the limitations of the tionally attainable. Drug Administration, said yesterday." Constitution." In large part, the amendments are the Members of the House Republican Task On Tuesday, September 26, the Judicial work product of a highly qualified and re- Force on Crime are profoundly disturbed and Conference of the United States formally spected legal scholar, Professor G. Robert deeply distressed by the pronouncement re- proclaimed its approval of legislation which Blakey of the faculty of Notre Dame Uni- portedly made by Dr. Goddard. His statement would authorize court-approved electronic versity Law School. Professor Blakey's cre- surveillance during both Federal and State concerning the possession and use of mari- dentials in this field of the law are unques- criminal investigations involving organized juana was ill-advised and imprudent. tioned. He was a consultant on organized crime. His office is one of high public trust. His crime to the President's Crime Commission. responsibility is to stand between the people The House Republican Task Force on He has practical knowledge of the legitimate and the threats which impure foods and Crime believes that this is one of the most needs of law enforcement; he is nonetheless dangerous drugs pose to the well-being of the significant statements that has ever been abundantly sensitive to individual rights and American society. The mischief of his re- issued on the subject during the many years liberties. marks is chiefly that, if not clearly under- that it has been debated. The Conference There is no longer a basis for reasonable stood, they tend to legitimize, glamorize, and is a body of unparalleled prestige. It is controversy over the necessity or Constitu- popularize the possession and use of an un- headed by the Chief Justice of the United tionality of this legislation. The time has lawful commodity by our nation's youth. States Supreme Court. Its membership in- come to end the debate. Now is time for ac- cludes the chief judges of all the Federal Today's parents have problems enough. tion. We call upon the President to instruct Circuit Courts and selected judges of certain Dr. Goddard's remarks are more conse- the Attorney General to withdraw his op- federal Districts Courts. quential than those of a private citizen. position. It is not too late for this. If that is They tend to assume the authority and the rne Conference report represents the con- done, there will be no basis for partisan con- expertise of the office he holds. Whatever his sidered judgment of a purely judicial body. flict and we predict that Republicans and private, personal views may be, the man who The members are in no way spokesmen for Democrats alike, in both Houses of Con- holds such an important public responsibil- law enforcement. Their stated position, vol- gress, will unite to speedily enact legisla- ity has some duty to refrian from expressing unteered and unsolicited, can only be inter- tion which is both eminently reasonable and them publicly, particularly when his views preted in one way. They recognize the need vitally necessary. are at odds with the statutory law of the for electronic surveillance in order effectively land. It is not his function to crusade against to fight crime. Moreover, they recognize that laws he may not like but rather to enforce law enforcement can be given this vital tool within the limitations of the Constitution. laws Congress may enact. We believe the President, as a concerned The impact of this report is staggering. As parent himself, will disavow the Goddard the totally voluntary act of an eminently statement. responsible group, it undoubtedly reflects the deep concern with which its members view the menace of organized crime and the problems of combatting it. It utterly de- END DEBATE, WITHDRAW OPPOSITION, GOP stroys whatever was left of the Administra- TASK FORCE ON CRIME URGES tion's position against the court supervised The House Republican Task Force on use of electronic surveillance. It underscores Crime today introduced legislation which anew the virtual unanimity of knowledge- would amend the McCulloch Electronic Sur- able opposition to that position. veillance Act to bring it within the frame- It is our understanding that the Judicial work outlined by the Supreme Court in the Conference had some reservations about Berger case, and recently supported by the some of the technical aspects of bills that Judicial Conference of the United States. have already been introduced. The point to The Task Force credited Notre Dame Univer- be made is simply that they are clearly in sity Professor G. Robert Blakey with draft- accord with the spirit and purpose of such ing the amendments. legislation. GOP CRIME GROUP SCORES CLARK AS NEGATIVE, OBSTINATE Rep. Richard H. Poff (R.-Va.) and Rep. Barber B. Conable (R.-N.Y.) Tuesday called it "incredible" that the Attorney General continues to stymie the fight against or- ganized crime. Poff, Chairman of the House Republican Task Force on Crime, claimed the Judicial Conference's support for legislation author- izing court approved electronic surveillance in the investigation of organized crime by federal and state law enforcement officers "should dispel any uncertainty about the consequence and effect of the Supreme Court decision in the Berger case. He checked off support already given the Republican spon- sored bill-"the Association of Federal In- vestigators, the National Association of At- torneys General, the National District Attor- neys Association, a majority of the Presi- dent's own Commission on Crime, and the three previous Attorneys General of the United States." Faced with overwhelming support from the chief law enforcement of- ficers of the states, and from responsible authorities in the Executive, Legislative, and Judicial Branches of the Federal government, Poff stated, "It is difficult to understand how Attorney General Ramsey Clark can persist in the posture he has assumed. "It is one thing to be firm and steadfast, it is another to be negative and obstinate," Poff charged. Rep. Conable, Task Force member, ex- claimed, "The federal government should have a major role in fighting organized crime, and the Attorney General should be the leader, marshalling our forces to do battle." Conable noted that "sophisticated and hardened criminals cannot be controlled without sophisticated weapons" and the legal use of court approved electronic sur- veillance by federal and state law enforce- ment officers in the investigation of organized crime could be one of those weapons. (NOT PRINTED AT GOVERNMENT EXPENSE) 10 Congressional Record United States of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 90ᵗʰ CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION Vol. 113 WASHINGTON, MONDAY, NOVEMBER 27, 1967 No. 192 FEDERAL CRIME FIGHTERS JOIN In a related matter, Rep. Louis C. Wyman A Task Force spokesman also noted that PUSH FOR WIRETAP ACT (R.-N.H.), also a Crime Task Force member, inspection of these materials will doubtless told the House that the National Association serve to end another controversy-that con- (Mr. GERALD R. FORD (at the re- of State Attorneys General had also recently cerning the effectiveness of electronic sur- adopted a formal resolution supporting eaves- veillance. "If these devices are useless, these quest of Mr. McEwEN) was granted per- dropping legislation conforming to Republi- materials will show it; if organized crime is mission to extend his remarks at this can proposals. He urged the House to enact a tiny problem, these materials will show it." point in the RECORD and to include ex- this legislation as a matter of priority and "To us at any rate," the report concluded, traneous matter.) before the end of the current session. "this seems like such a simple solution that Mr. GERALD R. FORD. Mr. Speaker, we wonder why the Attorney General has not under leave to extend my remarks, I in- "TAKE WRAPS OFF ORGAN'ZED CRIME DATA," GOP himself suggested it." clude a statement released on Septem- TASK FORCE TELLS JUSTICE DEPARTMENT ber 21, 1967, by the Republican task force WASHINGTON, D.C.-The House Republican STATEMENT OF HOUSE REPUBLICAN TASK FORCE Task Force on Crime today called upon the ON CRIME on crime entitled "Federal Crime Fight- ers Join Push for Wiretap Act," and a Department of Justice to make available to The Republican Task Force on Crime urges the Congress in executive or closed session that certain data concerning organized crime statement of September 18 which was the "tape recordings, log entries and internal now in the custody of the Department of part of a release entitled "Take Wraps communications" resulting from electronic Justice be made available to the Congress in Off Organized Crime Data." surveillance against organized crime between executive session. FEDERAL CRIME FIGHTERS JOIN PUSH FOR 1961 and 1965. In May of this year, Attorney General WIRETAP ACT They noted that Attorney General Ramsey Ramsey Clark called organized crime a "tiny WASHINGTON, D.C.-An organization of over Clark has called organized crime a "tiny part part of the entire crime picture." Not every- 1,000 Federal career employees, all active in of the entire crime picture" but that just one agrees. His three immediate predecessors law enforcement, today broke with the John- about everybody else disagrees with him. in office-Attorneys General Katzenbach, son Administration on the question of court- "The time has come to resolve the conflict Kennedy and Rogers-have stated quite the authorized electronic surveillance. The group to get all of the available evidence out contrary. Since the early 1950's Congressional voiced support for legislation which would in the open to discharge the most fun- committees of both Houses have studied, in- permit court-supervised wiretapping and damental of duties to the American public- vestigated and grappled with organized bugging in the investigation of certain major that of informing them, one way or another crime in all its forms. None have reported it crimes. but once and for all, as to just what orga- a "tiny" problem. The President's own Crime Rep. Richard H. Poff (R.-Va.), Chairman nized crime is all about," the prepared state- Commission stated that "in many ways or- of the House Republican Task Force on ment continued. ganized crime is the most sadistic kind of Crime, today released the text of a statement The Task Force revealed that they had crime in America." And this Task Force has by the Association of Federal Investigators "become aware in recent months that dur- said that organized crime "poses a threat of on electronic surveillance. "It is enormously ing the period from 1961 to 1965 the Depart- the gravest dimensions to the whole fabric of significant that this Association support leg- ment of Justice conducted an intelligence American society." islation" which would give law enforcement gathering program of unparalleled propor- The time has come to resolve the conflict. a vital investigative tool under strict court tions concerning organized crime" and that The time has come to get all of the available control and that, at the same time, they "de- in it they utilized electronic eavesdropping evidence out in the open. The time has come plore the Attorney General's obstructionism devices. They charged that, in substantial for someone to discharge the most funda- towards federal investigations," Rep. Poff told part, the material for a recent series of arti- mental of duties to the American public- his House colleagues. cles in Life Magazine "spectacularly demon- that of informing them, one way or the other "Until now the only federal spokesman on strating" the menace of organized crime, but once and for all, as to just what organized this issue has been Attorney General Clark," "could not have been obtained other than crime is all about. Poff explained. "But now, a group of more by electronic surveillance." We have become aware in recent months than 1,000 federal career employees active The report continued: "From time to time that during the period from 1961 to 1965 the in law enforcement has spoken out in direct the product of these devices-what was Department of Justice conducted an intelli- opposition to his view." Rep. John Erlen- actually overheard from the very mouths of gence gathering program of unparalleled born (R.-III.), a Crime Task Force member, the hoodlums and racketeers themselves— proportions concerning organized crime. In it later stated, "The statement of the federal has been made known to persons outside the they utilized electronic eavesdropping de- investigators is plain, clear, and unequivo- Department of Justice for other purposes." vices. From time to time the product of these cal. Evidently when the Attorney General "We see no reason why they would not sim- devices-what was actually overheard from speaks on this issue he speaks for himself ilarly make this available to the Congress." the very mouths of the hoodlums and rack- and himself alone. To me, the federal investi- "The people have an absolute right to know eteers themselves-has been made known to gators have utterly destroyed any basis for they are being told the truth about orga- persons outside the Department, usually for the Administration's position," he concluded. nized crime." the purpose of determining whether the John P. Diuguid, counsel to the Associa- The Task Force proposed examination of privacy of a particular organized crime de- tion, told Rep. Poff, "From the experience of these materials in closed session of Congress fendant has been invaded. the membership" electronic surveillance "de- followed by a case-by-case report to the Very little of what was overheard has been vices are necessary, useful and effective in- American people. There is no danger of in- put into the public domain, however; yet vestigative weapons particularly where or- vading anybody's rights by this, they pointed from the little that has been made public, ganized crime cases are concerned." The As- out, "neither the names of the innocent, nor this Task Force has come to a view that the sociation's statement called the Republican- for that matter, those of the guilty, need be program was successful beyond the wildest sponsored Electronic Surveillance Control published." imagination of those who conceived it. Life Act of 1967 "a major step" in the war on or- ganized crime. Magazine, for example, has recently con- cluded a series of articles which spectacular- ly demonstrates the menace of organized crime; the material for these, in substantial part, could not have been obtained other than by electronic surveillance. It is a matter of record where some of the electronic coverage was. It is a matter of rec- ord that the tape recordings, log entries and internal communications concerning that coverage still exist. In the past this Task Force has proposed the creation of a biparti- son Joint Congressional Committee on Orga- nized Crime. We here reiterate the proposal and call upon the Congress to act with great dispatch in this regard. We suggest, more- over, that the first act of the Joint Committee be to call for Justice Department materials concerning their electronic surveillance of organized crime. Since there seems to be no reluctance on the part of the Department of Justice to making some of this information available to some people in order to insure fairness to a criminal defendant, we see no reason why they would not similarly make it available to the Congress in its law-making function in order to insure the same fairness to the law- abiding American people. The people have an absolute right to know they are being told the truth about organized crime. We further propose that these materials be examined in executive session and that, thereafter, the Committee publish a case-by- case report of its findings to the whole Con- gress and to the American people. Neither the names of the innocent, nor for that matter, those of the guilty, need be published; thus, there would be no danger of invading any- body's rights. Quite incidentally, inspection of these ma- terials will doubtless serve to end another controversy-that concerning the effective- ness of lawful electronic surveillance. This Task Force is on the side of those who be- lieve that under appropriate court supervi- sion and sanction, it can do both fair and effective. We are quite willing to have our views subjected to scrutiny. If these devices are useless, these materials will show it; if organized crime is a tiny problem, these ma- terials will show it. To us, at any rate, this seems like such a simple solution to all the controversy that we wonder why the Attorney General has not himself suggested it. (NOT PRINTED AT GOVERNMENT EXPENSE) 10 Congressional Record United States of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 90ᵗʰ CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION Vol. 113 WASHINGTON, TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 28, 1967 No. 193 TAFT CHALLENGES JUSTICE DE- Stated Taft, "The bills referred to have With respect to the Administration's sta- PARTMENT ON STATISTICS been the subject of legislative proposals since tistical justification of its war on Organized (Mr. GERALD R. FORD (at the re- 1961. Both, one to compel testimony in Cirme, we must note that it is carefully con- Racketeering cases, the other to make it a fined to FBI-investigated convictions. It quest of Mr. STEIGER of Arizona) was crime to threaten potential witnesses, have makes no mention of who the subjects of granted permission to extend his re- received strong Republican support. Both convictions were or what their standing was marks at this point in the RECORD and to have been sponsored in this session of Con- in the hierachy of Organized Crime. What include extraneous matter.) gress by Republicans and Democrats of IRS-investigated Organized Crime convic- alike. Until the Justice Department utilizes tions? Hitherto, they have accounted for 60% Mr. GERALD R. FORD. Mr. Speaker, every legal weapon, the fight against crime of the success of the entire Federal effort. under leave to extend my remarks, I in- will continue to be a losing battle," Taft In addition, how many "high echelon" Or- clude a statement by Representative concluded. ganized Crime figures are among those con- ROBERT TAFT, JR., entitled "TAFT Chal- victed? Conversely, how many numbers- lenges Justice Department on Statistics," TAFT CHALLENGES JUSTICE DEPARTMENT ON writers, petty bootleggers, prostitutes, race STATISTICS and a release of September 13, 1967, by track touts and similar small fish have found the Republican task force on crime on The statement made on August 30 by their way into their statistics? the same subject. Deputy Attorney General Warren Christopher Since the Justice Department cited the I also include a release of September 12 in reply to criticism by Republican groups of number of convictions in a selected area as the Administration's "War on Crime" de- a measure of their success in fighting Orga- entitled, "Articles Dramatize Need for serves a direct retort. It evades questions, nized Crime, additional figures deserve com- Wiretap Law: Representative POFF," and quotes meaningless statistics, pleads parti- ment. The President's Crime Commission one of August 28 on "Rules Ham String- sanship, and usurps credit where none is due. called "Cosa Nostra" the core of Organized ing Agents, Says Crime Task Force," The House Republican Task Force on Crime Crime and estimated its membership at some commented on the Attorney General's limita- 5,000. Since 1961 only about 130 identified which is accompanied by a statement of tion of legal electronic surveillance and "Cosa Nostra" members have been convicted the House Republican task force on simply questioned why it was necessary to by the Federal government. That amounts to crime. exceed the limitations of the Supreme Court roughly 2.6% of "Cosa Nostra" membership The material follows: outlined in the Berger decision. The Task for the entire seven-year period-a convic- TAFT CHALLENGES JUSTICE DEPARTMENT ON Force asked what the logical purpose of the tion rate of 0.4% per year. Current issues of STATISTICS additional restrictive regulations was, and Life Magazine detail the dominance over the WASHINGTON, D.C.-Representative Robert where the Attorney General derives the au- underworld of those remaining free. thority to establish them. These questions And the 130 convictions represent the sum Taft, Jr. (R.-Ohio) Wednesday challenged remain unanswered. total of the efforts of 26 Federal investiga- the Justice Department on its "statistical In another statement, 23 House Republi- tive agencies, 94 United States Attorney's justification" of the "War on Organized Offices and, of course, the Organized Crime Crime." In response to Administration criti- cans, including myself, recently outlined a cism of recent GOP crime statements, Taft 12-point program for combating Organized Section of the Justice Department. stated, "Since the Justice Department cited Crime nationwide and asked a number of Criticism of the Organized Crime Section the numbers of their convictions as a meas- questions such as: of the Justice Department is not intended. ure of their success in fighting Organized 1. Why the activities of the Organized The Section should not be dissuaded from Crime, I suggest that additional figures de- Crime Section of the Justice Department prosecuting even low-level figures. They are serve comment." have been dramatically reduced since 1964? as much a part of Organized Crime as any- Taft is Deputy Chairman of the House 2. Why the Administration influenced the one else. In addition, no one can tell when Republican Task Force on Crime and one of Crime Commission to reverse an earlier rec- a conviction might lead to important further the authors of the recent attack by 23 Re- ommendation for wiretap legislation? prosecutions. It is a well known fact. how- publican moderates on the Johnson Admin- 3. Why the Administration persists in its ever, that the high echelon racketeers-the istration's failures in fighting Organized position that court authorized electronic sur- syndicate gamblers, the mob leaders, "Cosa Crime. veillance is of little value despite statements Nostra" members-are extremely well insu- "The President's Crime Commission called to the contrary from almost every law en- lated from the day-to-day criminal activi- 'Cosa Nostra' the core of Organized Crime forcement official in the country? ties they direct. As a result, they are ex- and estimated its membership at some 4. Why the Administration has ignored tremely difficult to prosecute. The problem 5,000," Taft told his House colleagues. "Since almost every recommendation by the Pres- is basically one of uncovering evidence. 1961 only about 130 identified 'Costa Nostra' ident's Crime Commission on Organized It's to the credit of the Organized Crime members have been convicted by the Federal Crime? Section that they have accomplished even government. That amounts to roughly 2.6% These questions remain unanswered by Mr. this much under present Justice Department of 'Cosa Nostra' membership for the entire Christopher and the Justice Department. rules laid down for them and the evidence seven-year period-a conviction rate of 0.4% Instead, Mr. Christopher says FBI-investi- gatherers they supervise. But the claimed im- per year," Taft calculated. gated Organized Crime convictions rose 39% port of their success is obviously quite mis- "The 130 convictions represent the sum from the previous year and two new meas- leading. total of the efforts of 26 Federal investiga- ures to aid the fight against organized crime The most dramatic and typical issue is the tive agencies, 94 United States Attorney's are pending in Congress. "With Republican authorization of court approved electronic Offices, and, of course, the Organized Crime aid, these bills could be promptly passed," surveillance, within Constitutional limits, Section of the Justice Department." Christopher comments. He adds, "The par- as one of the necessary tools for obtaining Taft listed a number of questions asked tisan obstruction of the Republicans only evidence aaginst syndicate leaders. Until the by the Crime Task Force and, in a separate serves to interfere with the war against Justice Department recognizes the need to statement, 23 House Republicans. "Those crime." utilize every legal weapon, the fight against questions remained unanswered," he The two bills referred to have been the crime will continue to be a losing battle. charged. He noted that the Administration's subject of legislative proposals since 1961. rebuttal to the GOP papers had referred to Both have received broad Republican sup- "additional new measures to fight Organized port, both have been sponsored in this ses- Crime pending in Congress." The Admin- sion of Congress, in House and Senate, by istration blamed Republicans for delays on Republicans and Democrats alike. These bills two bills. are bipartisan efforts, and were among rec- omendations of the President Crime Com- mission. ARTICLES DRAMATIZE NEED FOR WIRETAP LAW: STATEMENT OF THE HOUSE REPUBLICAN TASK REPRESENTATIVE POFF FORCE ON CRIME Quite apart from the fact that we seriously WASHINGTON, D.C.-Representative Rich- The House Republican Task Force on question the authority of the Attorney Gen- ard H. Poff (R.-Va.) Monday charged that Crime believes that it is a necessary and eral to meddle in this fashion in the purely investigative affairs of other departments a recent magazine series on Organized Crime proper function of the Attorney General and dramatizes the need for legislation legalizing and agencies of the federal government, we the Department of Justice to operate with- court authorized electronic surveillance of in the framework of existing law in con- view his regulations as inevitably discour- Organized Crime conspiracies. ducting its investigations into and prosecu- aging the use of sound, acceptable and legal Representative Poff, Chairman of the House tions of criminal matters, be it organized investigative techniques in combating or- Republican Task Force on Crime, told his ganized crime. It is proper, of course, for crime or any other type of crime. By this House colleagues that he wrote Attorney him to advise other departments and agen- we mean they should not go beyond the cies of the federal government as to the ex- General Ramsey Clark, "A constituent called law but at the same time they should isting law with respect to the use of in- me to ask if I have read the articles in the utilize every effective investigative tool avail- September 1 and September 8 issues of Life able to them inside the law. vestigative tools. But as the ultimate au- Magazine. I have done so," Poff reported. He In June, the Attorney General promul- thority, under his own regulations, he now asked the Attorney General, "If you have gated and issued to the Department of Jus- sits in judgment as to what may or may not, I urge you to do so." tice and to other departments and agen- not be necessary in an investigation thou- He stated that the constituent wanted to cies of the federal government (for example, sands of miles from his Washington office. know whether the magazine articles were the Bureau of Narcotics of the Treasury Time may be vital-delay deadly. He cannot factual "and if so, why something hasn't Department) a set of regulations expressly possibly know the facts better than the agent been done designed to, in the language of the regula- in the field, even after he has required the Anticipating a possible Justice Department tions, "strictly limit legal electronic sur- agent to justify his request in considerable response, Poff explained that much of the veillance." These regulations have no other written detail. The cumbersome, time- information appears to come from electronic practical effect than the "ham-stringing" of consuming, inter-agency procedural struc- surveillance. Under present law, wiretap evi- Federal agents in their day-to-day conduct ture the new regulations erect is likely to dence and evidence traceable thereto is of organized crime investigations. We view intimidate and frustrate the most diligent tainted them as yet another manifestation of the investigator. And where authority to employ "If this is your answer," Representative fact that the Attorney General is fighting a a device is denied, agents may understand- Poff wrote, "and if the wiretap tapes and war of retreat against organized crime and ably decline to expose themselves to danger, log entries in the possession of Federal in- that it is only a matter of time before his informants will refuse to cooperate, and vestigators do in fact document the crimes federal forces will be in a full scale rout. crime will go unpunished because witnesses charged in the magazine articles, then I The limitations in his regulations go far are not corroborated. have a question of my own. Does this not beyond wiretap and third-party bugging. No need for the Attorney General's regu- fully justify legislation legalizing electronic They go far beyond the strict limitations lations has been shown. On the contrary, surveillance of organized crime conspiracies placed upon these practices by the Supreme he has himself informed us that as far as by law enforcement officers acting under Court in the Berger case. They reach even federal agencies are concerned, electronic court orders in the nature of a search war- transmitters and recording devices used by surveillance by all illegal means has been a rant?" He concluded, "Your reply will be one of the parties to a conversation, a Nar- thing of the past since July 1965. If that is helpful in answering the mail I am beginning cotics agent who is about to make a pur- true, then the regulations are without a logi- to receive on the same subject." chase or a Treasury agent who is about cal purpose. Where legal investigative tech- to be bribed. This technique was specifical- niques are available, their use ought to be RULES "HAM STRINGING" AGENTS SAYS CRIME ly sanctioned by the Supreme Court as re- encouraged and the decision to use them TASK FORCE cently as last November in the Osborn case, ought not be subjected to unwarranted inter- The House Republican Task Force on and it is a technique most frequently em- agency interference. In short, this Task Force Crime today called on the Attorney General ployed in organized crime investigations. To believes that, so long as adequate safeguards "to utilize every legal investigative tool be sure, these regulations do not actually against illegal practices exist, investigating available" to combat the nation's spiraling forbid the use of transmitters and recorders ought to be left to the investigators. In the crime rate. under those circumstances, but they do cre- war against crime they are the people on The Task Force charged that the Attorney ate a labyrinth of procedure, inventory con- the firing line; they are doing the work; General's June 1967, regulations "strictly trol and just plain red tape which cul- they are taking the risks. limiting legal electronic surveillance" have minates in the obtaining of advance ap- We call upon the Attorney General to re- no other effect than the "ham-stringing of proval from the Attorney General before examine and revise what is to us an incredi- Federal agents in their day-to-day conduct any use may be made of such devices. And ble retreat in the war on criminal activity. of organized crime investigations. No need If that advance written approval has been As the chief law enforcement officer of this for the Attorney General's regulations has or will be denied or simply delayed in just country he should move vigorously by all been shown. They are, in fact, further evi- one single instance, then that is just one means within the law to enforce the law. dence that the Attorney General is fighting less case the government may be able to a war of retreat against organized crime," bring. the group charged in a prepared statement. Frequently an agent in the field places "We view his regulations as inevitably dis- his life or personal safety in jeopardy dur- couraging the use of sound, acceptable, and ing the investigation of organized crime legal investigative techniques in combating cases. Necessarily, he must deal clandestine- organized crime. He now sits in judgment as ly with people who are armed and danger- to what may or may not be necessary in an ous. Under those circumstances it is usual- investigation thousands of miles from his ly mandatory-from a safety consideration Washington office. An agent in the field alone-that what transpires be overheard places his life or personal safety in jeopardy instantly by other agents nearby. The same during investigations Time, obviously, thing may be said of informants, particular- ly narcotics informants, for whose protec- may be vital-delay deadly," the Task Force tion there ought to be at least some con- asserted. cern. Informants are even now difficult "The cumbersome, time-consuming, inter- enough to find and cultivate; they will be agency procedural structure the new regu- altogether unavailable if they are to be aban- lations erect is likely to intimidate and frus- doned to their own wits in dangerous situa- trate the most diligent investigator. So long tions. Further, potential witnesses in or- as adequate safeguards against illegal prac- ganized crime cases are, for a variety of tices exist, investigating ought to be left to reasons, sometimes difficult to corroborate. investigators." What is overheard by a transmitter may be The Task Force declared, "We urge the At- preserved by a recorder and later become torney General to reexamine and revise what probative, competent and, most important, is to us an incredible retreat in the war accurate corroborative evidence in the prose- against criminal activity." cution. Special to Kent and Ionia County Weeklies For Use The Week of June 16-22 and Thereafter Crime Crackdown Coming BY JERRY FORD The violence and lawlessness so prevalent in America today must be halted. All our civil rights and freedoms become meaningless without effective police protection backed by citizen cooperation, an atmosphere of safety and security on our streets, order in our cities and throughout the land. With passage by the Congress of the "Law Enforcement Assistance and Criminal Justice Act of 1968" we finally are moving toward restoration of law and order in America. This legislation points up how determined Congress is to deal with lawlessness in our Nation. As proposed by the Administration last year, this legislation started out simply as a program of Federal grants to improve local law enforcement. The House of Representatives last August adopted amendments emphasizing control of organized crime and riots and shifting responsibility for administration of the program from the U.S. Department of Justice to the states. The Senate recently expanded and toughened the measure. House supporters of a strong anti-crime bill--I among them--were happy to accept the Senate bill. So the final version of the Law Enforcement Assistance and Criminal Justice Act of 1968 which I voted for and which was sent to the President provided for an increase in grants to $100 million the first year and $300 million the second year to aid state and local law enforcement; modification of recent Supreme Court rulings which limited the use of identification procedures and confessions in tracking down and convicting criminal suspects; authority for Federal, State and local law enforcement agencies to use wiretapping and electronic surveillance devices to fight crime but only with the sanction and supervision of the courts; and a ban on mail order sale of hand guns and on the sale of such guns to minors and out-of-state residents. If the ban on mail order sale of hand guns is inadequate, then Congress should immediately look affirmatively at proposals for additional gun controls. (more) -2- But it should be remembered that California has a tough gun control law and that the gun used to assassinate Sen. Robert F. Kennedy was passed along to the alleged assassin after an original under-the-counter sale. There now is a revulsion against violence in this country stemming from the assassination of Sen. Kennedy. It may be that this swelling of popular feeling against violence spells the beginning of the end of the kind of violence we have been experiencing in this country. It would be helpful and it may well follow that all law-abiding Americans now will condemn the use of violence to attain any political, economic or social objective. This would, in effect, "ostracize" the practitioners of violence and could prove highly effective in discouraging the use of violence. It is also helpful that the U.S. Supreme Court has upheld the right of police to "frisk" suspicious persons for dangerous weapons. This is the first time the Court has held that police can detain and search such persons without the "probable cause" mentioned in the Constitution's Fourth Amendment. I heartily applaud the Court's decision. It is vitally important when you consider that 355 law enforcement officers were killed on duty from 1960 through 1966, and that there were 23,851 assaults on police officers in 1966 nationwide. So we now have "a lot going for us" in our determination to reverse the crime rate that has climbed 88 per cent in the last seven years--the Omnibus Crime Control Act, a strong measure fitting the times; the Supreme Court ruling upholding the right of police to stop and "frisk" suspicious persons; and the strong upsurge of popular sentiment against violence of any kind. I believe we now will see a crackdown on crime and, ultimately, the restoration of law and order in America. # # # FOR THE SENATE: FOR THE HOUSE Everett M. Dirksen THE REPUBLICAN LEADERSHIP OF REPRESENTATIVES: of Illinois Thomas H. Kuchel OF THE CONGRESS Gerald R. Ford of California of Michigan Leslie C. Arends Bourke B. Hickenlooper of Iowa of Illinois Melvin R. Laird Margaret Chase Smith of Wisconsin of Maine Press Release John J. Rhodes George Murphy of California of Arizona H. Allen Smith Milton R. Young of North Dakota of California Bob Wilson Hugh Scott of Pennsylvania Issued following a of California Leadership Meeting Charles E. Goodell of New York PRESIDING: The National Chairman June 13, 1968 Richard H. Poff of Virginia Ray C. Bliss William C. Cramer of Florida STATEMENT BY SENATOR DIRKSEN: IMMEDIATE RELEASE In 1976, it will be 200 years that this good land became a new nation. It began with but three million people. Today it exceeds 200 million. The basic law under which it was launched as a Republic not only created a structure of government but also recited the purposes for which the Constitu- tion was ordained. Among those purposes was the establishment of justice and the insurance of domestic tranquillity. Save for the long civil strife more than a century ago, the refinement and expansion of justice has gone forward and domestic tranquillity has been preserved. During most of those two centuries authority has been respected, the laws have been generally obeyed and enforced, human life has been protected and safeguarded, a feeling of security has prevailed, and the right of private property has been upheld. Ours has been a good history. But, in our time, something has happened. Authority is challenged. The burning of draft cards, the seizure of school administration offices, the riotous rupture of peace in the cities -- all are challenges to authority. The law has been flouted. Riots in cities large and small, the ghastly increase in serious crime, all these attest to disobedience to law and the inadequacy of enforcement. The sanctity of human life is so callously disdained. A young President is shot down. A young Senator is shot down. A non-violent Christian crusader is shot down. Each year there are thousands of murders and homicides. Private property rights are ignored by the robber, the looter and the arsonist. (con't) Room S-124 U.S. Capitol-(202) 225-3700 Consultant to the Leadership-John B. Fisher - 2 - Too much of the language of today is uncouth and un-American. "Burn baby, burn!" becomes a slogan. "Get guns!" becomes an arrogant war cry. A brooding insecurity arouses the fears of the citizenry. The flag is deliberately desecrated at home and abroad. There is doubt that we really are "One nation, under God, indivisible." The nation has paid a terrible price in lives, in peace of mind, in haunting fear and insecurity, in property damage, in prestige and a tarnished image abroad. Whatever the cause be it in the homes, the schools, the courts, in public stewardship or some other field -- both the problem and the remedy are reasonable clear. What does it take? The law must be obeyed and enforced. No disorderly society can long survive. "There is no grievance," said Abraham Lincoln, "that is a fit object of redress by mob law." A sacred regard for human life must be restored. Fear seems to be the only universal passion. Even the hardened criminal fears swift, certain, speedy punishment. Mandatory sentences written in the law might help to stem the crime tide. Respect for authority must be restored. Without it, we may find ourselves on the road to disaster. The hateful language of destruction which comes so readily to the tongue should be discouraged at every turn. The flag is the embodiment of the principles of this Republic. The very Republic suffers by its desecration. Finally, the time has come to rethink our history. It should have emphasis in every school, church and forum in the land. The legacy which is ours came from those who were here before us. Into this land they built their skills and talents, their hopes and dreams, their tears and sacrifices. Today, we are the trustees of America. Upon us is a two-fold duty. The one is to those who came before us and gave us this land for our inheritance. The other is to those who shall come after us. Perhaps three words can state the whole case: dedication, discipline, duty. STATEMENT BY REPRESENTATIVE FORD: June 13, 1968 One full week ago, meeting in the shadow of violence and tragedv, the House passed and sent to the President the Law Enforcement Assistance and Criminal Justice Act of 1968. The House vote was 368 to 17. The Senate vote was 72 to 4. These overwhelming majorities reflected the massive demand of an aroused America that crime must be stopped. People must feel safe to walk in their own neighborhoods, sleep in their own homes, work in their own stores. The law must be upheld and lawbreakers must be punished. But a week has passed and President Johnson has not signed this comprehensive crime bill into law. What is he waiting for? Immediately, the President clouded this life-and-death legislation by attacking its gun control provisions, incidentally authored by Senate Democrats, and utterly ignoring the nine other urgently-needed sections of the omnibus bill, many of which bear a Republican stamp. The major gun control provisions Congress already has approved still await the President's signature, along with other long-overdue, anti- crime provisions. What is the President waiting for? Instead of taking prompt and constructive action, he appointed another study commission. Even if he intends to veto the crime bill, he should do so without delay so we can re-enact it over his veto. A whole week has been lost. Projecting the FBI Crime Index statistics over an average week, more than 70,000 major crimes occur in this country; some 246 murders, 530 rapes, 3400 robberies and over 5000 aggravated assaults have ticked off the crime clock since Congress did its duty a week ago today. What is the President waiting for? Besides the gun control sections, the Crime Bill on the President's desk contains these important provisions: 1 -- Block grants of Federal funds to assist State governments in the war on crime -- sponsored by Sen. Dirksen in the Senate and Rep. Cahill in the House -- urged by virtually all State Governors of both parties over the opposition of the President and the Attorney General. (con't) - 4 - Rep. Ford 2. -- Federal prohibition of all private electronic eavesdropping and wire-tapping, along with carefully defined permission for such surveillance by enforcement officers under court authorization and supervision. This was introduced in the House by Rep. McCulloch, Rep. Poff, and other minority members of the Judiciary Committee and the Republican Task Force on Crime. The President's own Crime Commission made these recommendations. He has opposed them. These are major weapons in the fight against organized crime, espionage and subversion. 3. Authorization for a National Institute of Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice, first proposed in the January 1967 Republican State of the Union message by Senator Dirksen and me, and incorporated in the bill by Rep. McClory. 4. -- Amendments authored by Sen. Scott, Sen. Allott and Rep. Railsback to modify and clarify recent Supreme Court decisions on the admissability of confessions and other evidence. 5. Provisions for "community service officers" proposed by Sen. Percy and Rep. Goodell to improve relations between police and citizens. An overall application of Rep. Broyhill's amendment to recent appropriation bills concerning Federal civil servants who are convicted of crimes related to riots. Sen. Murphy's amendment requiring future Directors of the FBI to be confirmed by the Senate. An amendment by Sen. Hruska to help states fight organized crime. All these matters are awaiting final approval at the White House. What is the President waiting for? CONGRESSMAN NEWS GERALD R. FORD HOUSE REPUBLICAN LEADER RELEASE --FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE-- June 20, 1968 Statement by Rep. Gerald R. Ford, R-Mich., House Minority Leader. The President's signing of the omnibus anti-crime bill is a victory for the American people and the Republican Party. This legislation represents the enact- ment into law of a multitude of anti-crime measures long sought and vigorously fought for by Republicans in Congress. The National Law Enforcement Assistance and Criminal Justice Act is a vehicle for the restoration of law and order in America and for a reversal of the sharp upward spiral in lawlessness which has pushed the national crime rate up 88 per cent in the last seven years. The omnibus crime bill is good legislation. Its wire-tapping provision is good legislation. Giving law enforcement officials the authority to use the wire-tapping tool against major criminal activity under court order provides our lawmen with a valuable weapon against organized crime, as well as espionage and subversion. The President is badly mistaken in seeking repeal of the wire-tap provision and refusing to use it against the crime syndicates. He has completely distorted the wire-tap provision, and this is most unfortunate. He has sought to mislead the American people into believing that even the most scrupulously law-abiding citizen is not safe from electronic surveillance. The truth is that the anti- crime bill outlaws all wiretapping and electronic surveillance except as authorized by the federal courts in cases involving major crimes and the national security. The American people can feel certain that a new Republican President and a Republican Attorney General will use these new anti-crime provisions to root out the evils of organized crime and those who seek to destroy our government by espionage. The American people want an end to the widespread lawlessness that has plagued this country under the Johnson-Humphrey Administration. The Law Enforcement Assistance and Criminal Justice Act of 1968 will help to accomplish exactly that. # # # News TASK FORCE ON TASK FORCE MEMBERS P&R LIAISON: SAMUEL L. DEVINE (OHIO) CRIME ROBERT TAFT, JR. (OHIO) CLARK MACGREGOR (MINN.) DEPUTY CHAIRMAN ROBERT B. MATHIAS (CALIF.) RICHARD H. POFF (Va.) Chairman BARBER B. CONABLE (N.Y.) ROBERT PRICE (TEX.) WILLIAM c. CRAMER (FLA.) THOMAS F. RAILSBACK (ILL.) SAMUEL L. DEVINE (OHIO) HENRY P. SMITH (N.Y.) JOHN N. ERLENBORN (ILL.) CHALMERS P. WYLIE (OHIO) HOUSE REPUBLICAN CONFERENCE CARLETON J. KING (N.Y.) LOUIS C. WYMAN (N.H.) PLANNING AND RESEARCH COMMITTEE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR: BRIAN P. GETTINGS REP. CHARLES E. GOODELL (N.Y.) CHAIRMAN HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 1616 LONGWORTH BLDG. WASHINGTON, D. C. 20515 TEL. 225-6931 FOR RELEASE: Tuesday AM's July 16, 1968 ADMINISTRATION "INEFFECTIVE" IN FEDERAL ANTI-CRIME FIGHT, CHARGES GOP CRIME GROUP The House Republican Task Force on Crime charged yesterday that despite a substantial increase in Justice Department employees and expenditures since 1960 "there has been no corresponding increase in the Department's effectiveness in the nationwide crime fight." The GOP lawmakers declared that "something is drastically wrong with the policies, means and methods being used in the federal anti-crime fight." The Task Force noted that the number of persons employed by the Justice Department rose to an all-time high of more than 34,000 in June 1967, and Department expenditures for the year, in excess of $422 million, were 55% greater than 1960, They then cited the nationwide 88% increase in crime since 1960 and disclosed that convictions in federal courts throughout the country, in cases prosecuted by the Justice Department, have decreased during this same period, by 3300 or 11%. The record for the District of Columbia, where the Justice Department has exclusive jurisdiction over all crimes, they said "is even worse." Serious felonies in the District have climbed by 175% since 1960--felony convictions have decreased by 37%. They said they could understand a decrease in convictions "if it were accompanied by a corresponding decrease in crime. Otherwise, it is indefensible." The Task Force pointed out that in 1967 for every 45 felonies committed in the District of Columbia, only one felony conviction resulted. "Those odds invite more crime," they said. "Some criminologists would doubtless blame the courts for such a show of ineffectiveness," the Task Force continued. "However, Attorney General Ramsey Clark has consistently denied any adverse effect of court decisions on law enforcement. Certainly, if the courts are not to blame for this ineffectiveness, the Department of Justice is," the Crime Group concluded. - 30 - STATEMENT OF HOUSE REPUBLICAN TASK FORCE ON CRIME Contact: 225-6931 July 15, 1968 Crime throughout the United States, as measured by the F.B.I. Crime Index, has increased 88% since 1960. In the District of Columbia serious felonies and misdemeanors have increased 135%, and felonies alone have increased 175% during the same period. According to the Annual Report of the Attorney General for fiscal year 1967, the Department of Justice conducted an "unprecedented program" to achieve effective law enforcement and reduction of crime last year. The number of persons employed by the Department "rose to an all time high of 34,052 in June 1967" and Department expendi- tures for the year, in excess of $422 million, were 55% more than 1960. Despite the substantial increase in personnel, expenditures and, we are given to understand, in effort by the Department of Justice, there has been no corresponding increase in the effectiveness of their anti-crime program. In fact, there has been a substantial decrease. In fiscal 1960, 30,955 persons were found guilty of crimes in federal courts. In 1967, 27,643 were found guilty, a decrease of 3,312 or approximately 11%. The record for the District of Columbia where the Justice Department has exclusive jurisdiction over all crime is even worse. The United States District Court for the District of Columbia has jurisdiction over all felony violations committed in the District. During the same period that felonies increased by 175%, felony convictions in the District Court decreased by 37%. A decrease in convictions is understandable, even welcome, as long as it is accompanied by a decrease in crime. Otherwise it is indefensible. In 1960 the ratio of known felony offenses to felony convictions in the District stood at approximately 10 to 1, at or about the national average. In 1967 the ratio was 45 to 1. Those odds invite more crime. Some criminologists doubtless would blame the courts for such a show of ineffective- ness. However, Attorney General Ramsey Clark has consistently denied any adverse effect of court decisions on law enforcement. And the Democrat ex-United States Attorney for the District, David Acheson, has said that "changes in court decisions and prosecution procedures would have about the same effect upon the crime rate as an aspirin would have on a tumor of the brain." Certainly, if the courts are not to blame for this ineffectiveness, the Department of Justice is. It is evident that something is drastically wrong with the policies, means and methods being employed in the federal anti-crime fight. They are not working. The federal government under the present Administration is not bearing its share of the load in bringing criminals to justice. - 30 - FOR THE SENATE: FOR THE HOUSE Everett M. Dirksen THE REPUBLICAN LEADERSHIP OF REPRESENTATIVES: of Illinois OF THE CONGRESS Gerald R. Ford Thomas H. Kuchel of Michigan of California Leslie C. Arends Bourke B. Hickenlooper of Iowa Press Release of Illinois Melvin R. Laird Margaret Chase Smith of Wisconsin of Maine John J. Rhodes George Murphy of Arizona of California H. Allen Smith Milton R. Young of California of North Dakota Bob Wilson Hugh Scott Issued following a of California of Pennsylvania Leadership Meeting Charles E. Goodell of New York PRESIDING: September 12, 1968 Richard H. Poff The National Chairman of Virginia Ray C. Bliss William C. Cramer of Florida SENATOR DIRKSEN IMMEDIATE RELEASE The Republican Party, in its Platform of 1968, solemnly pledges to every American that "we shall think anew and act anew". And indeed we shall! That platform, specifically, pledges us: To dedicate our efforts toward restoration of peace both at home and abroad-- To bring about a national commitment to rebuild our urban and rural slum areas -- To enable family farm enterprise to participate fully in the nation's prosperity -- To bring about quality education for all -- To assure every individual an opportunity for satisfying and rewarding employment -- To attack the root causes of poverty and eradicate racism, hatred and violence -- To give all citizens the opportunity to influence and shape the events of our time -- To give increasing attention to the views of the young and recognize their key role in our present as well as the future -- To mobilize the resources, talents and energy of public and private sectors to reach these goals, utilizing the unique strength and initiative of state and local governments -- To re-establish fiscal responsibility and put an end to increases in the cost of living. The Republican Leadership of the Congress reaffirms and endorses to the full each and all of these platform purposes and pledges. We pledge our strong support of the Nixon-Agnew ticket as the new leadership this nation must have. With this new leadership we will face squarely and resolve successfully the grievous problems the American people face today. Room S-124 U.S. Capitol-(202) 225-3700 Consultant to the Leadership-John B. Fisher REPRESENTATIVE FORD September 12, 1968 The source: The Annual Crime Report of the F.B.I. The period of time: 1960-67. The cold, harsh fact: crime in America, in that period, rose 89%! Seldom has there been such a scathing indictment of American leadership. Rarely has there been so obvious a need for a change. The F.B.I. reports that, during 1967 alone: violent crime was committed each minute; murder was committed every 43 minutes; forcible rape was committed every 19 minutes; aggravated assault was committed every 2 minutes; robbery was committed every 2 1/2 minutes; burglary was committed every 20 seconds; larceny was committed every 30 seconds; auto theft was committed every 48 seconds. Never in our history has our national leadership been so vulnerable to criticism -- and replacement -- as it is today in the face of such stark statistics. Frightening as these facts are, we have reason to be equally concerned about another: the apparent collapse of our people's confidence in the orderly and just society our forefathers strove so hard and so long to build. That loss of confidence can be attributed only to America's lack of leadership at the highest level. The Law Enforcement Code of Ethics published in the F.B.I. Report, in its opening paragraph reads: "As a Law Enforcement Officer, my fundamental duty is to serve mankind; to safeguard lives and property; to protect the innocent against deception, the weak against oppression or intimidation, and the peaceful against violence or disorder; and to respect the Constitutional rights of all men to liberty, equality and justice." The Johnson-Humphrey Administration has failed to apply this philosophy of law enforcement and now seeks to cover its glaring deficiencies in a torrent of words and statistics. The incredible fact is that the Johnson- Humphrey Administration has ordered their Attorney General not to execute new laws enacted upon Republican initiative by the people's representatives in Congress, to wage effective war on the Mafia and other organized crime activities. Clearly this nation needs new leadership, in the White House, in the House of Representatives, and certainly in the Department of Justice, to carry out the unequivocal pledge of the Republican Party Platform for protection of the public peace and safety and elimination of criminal activity and social injustice in every form. Therefore, our Question-of-the-Week: Mr. President, When Can We Expect Order With Justice Under Law? CONGRESSMAN NEWS GERALD R. FORD HOUSE REPUBLICAN LEADER RELEASE --FOR RELEASE ON RECEIPT-- January 14, 1969 I am very pleased that Mayor Walter Washington has joined hands with House Republicans who are seeking legislation to deny bond to dangerous criminals awaiting trial. I and 21 other Republican House members introduced a bill on Jan. 8 aimed at denying bond to the dangerous offender who may well go out and commit another crime if released while his case is pending. The sponsors of this amendment to the Bail Reform Act included Rep. William M. McCulloch, R-Ohio, senior Republican on the House Judiciary Committee, and Rep. Richard H. Poff, R-Va., chairman of the House Republican Task Force on Crime. Mr. Poff also had introduced a bail reform bill in somewhat different form on Jan. 3, opening day of this congressional session. Republicans have been shaping this legislation since last year. In the last session of Congress the House Republican Task Force on Crime gave priority attention to bail reform. The proposed amendment was not quite in final form when the session ended. Mr. Poff informs me that he is encouraged by Mayor Walter Washington's attitude, by his "willingness to go out on a limb on bail reform." I congratulate the mayor on backing the kind of bail reform legislation advocated by House Republicans. We welcome his support. As the mayor has pointed out, this is only one of the steps that must be taken to cope with the fresh crime wave which is resulting in an average of 20 armed robberies a day in Washington and a rash of bank holdups and killings. I urge that prompt action be taken to deal with the situation. # # # GERALD FORD LIBRARY CONGRESSMAN NEWS GERALD R. FORD HOUSE REPUBLICAN LEADER RELEASE --FOR RELEASE AT 12 NOON-- April 23, 1969 Remarks by Rep. Gerald R. Ford, R-Mich., delivered on the Floor of the U.S. House of Representatives, April 23, 1969. Mr. Speaker: I rise today to urge every member of this House to join with President Nixon in placing the leaders of La Cosa Nostra at the top of America's Most Wanted Criminals list. Mr. Speaker, I also urge every member of this House to help arouse the law-abiding citizens of this land. We have before us today, Mr. Speaker, a battle plan from the President of the United States -- an outline of the strategy and a list of the weapons needed to strike at the crime lords of this country, the greedy, vicious, rapacious criminal kings whose subjects are the gamblers, drug pushers, panderers and other criminal types who drain away America's moral strength and economic life blood like millions of leeches. In the message we have received from the White House today, President Nixon has branded organized crime as Enemy Number One. He has told us what we are doing now to fight the enemy. He has urged us to do more -- far more -- in terms of men and money and new laws. We must accept that challenge. The President has spelled out his plans to make life miserable for the Mafia. And on the basis of his plans, if Congress concurs, I would advise anyone with stock in the Mafia to sell it right now. I agree completely with the President that the best-laid plans are useless without the manpower to carry them out -- the manpower to carry out the President's declared objective of convicting the heads of the Mafia, paralyzing crime syndicate administrators, frightening the street workers and ultimately squeezing to death the whole crime syndicate operation in our cities. I therefore join the President in urging this House to vote the additional funds needed to double our present outlays for fighting organized crime and to vote the full $300 million authorization to help the states and local communities join with Federal authorities in a nationwide drive against racketeers and street criminals. I applaud the proposed increase in the number of Federal Racketeering (more) -2- Field Offices and the establishment of a new Special Federal-State Racket Squad in the Southern District of New York. I also urge congressional approval of President Nixon's requests for new authority aimed at stepping up the rate of Mafia prosecutions and convictions authority dealing with general witness immunity, bribery and corruption of police or local officials, illicit gambling operations in interstate commerce, and wagering tax law amendments. These are anti-crime weapons Congress should make immediately available to our anti-racketeering forces. As the President has so well put it: The Federal Government must prosecute both the corruptor and the corrupted. Mr. Speaker, organized crime is like an octopus stretching its tentacles into every corner of our land. From time to time we have lopped off an arm or a leg but new members have grown in their place. It is long past time to strike at the head of the operation, to cut deep into the brains of this monstrosity which has the entire nation in its grip. We must hunt down the chieftains of organized crime. We must bring every one of them to book if we are to halt the crime wave which has swept over America like a poisonous torrent. President Nixon has asked for the weapons to do the job. Let us, the chosen representatives of the people, give him the tools he needs. ### CONGRESSMAN NEWS GERALD R. FORD HOUSE REPUBLICAN LEADER RELEASE --FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE-- April 29, 1969 Remarks by Rep. Gerald R. Ford, R-Mich., Minority Leader, U.S. House of Reps. Placed in the Body of the Congressional Record on April 29, 1969. Mr. Speaker: Today I join with Mr. McCulloch and the Republican members of the House Committee on the Judiciary in introducing the Illegal Gambling Business Control Act of 1969 to permit the Federal Government to further assist the States in the control of illegal gambling. This proposal is one of the keystones of the President's Organized Crime message which he sent to Congress on April 23, 1969. It is vital to the internal well-being of this nation that the activities of organized criminals be curtailed; that the influence and control this small but potent segment of our society wields be reduced. The bill I introduce today, if enacted, will take us a long way toward accomplishing this task. For many, gambling does not appear to be a very sinister aspect of organized criminal activity. Its existence is certainly not as shocking to society as murder, kidnapping, armed robbery, rape or any of the other spectacular varieties of criminal behavior which make daily newspaper headlines. It is exactly this attitude -- this lack of concern -- which makes illegal gambling such a force in our society. It takes from the pocketbooks of millions of citizens, usually those who can least afford the loss, anywhere from $20 billion to $50 billion annually. Referring to the profits realized from illegal gambling in his recent message, the President said: "Many decent Americans contribute regularly, voluntarily and unwittingly to the coffers of organized crime -- the suburban housewife and the city slum dweller who place a twenty-five cent numbers bet, the bricklayer and the college student who buy a football card; the businessman and the secretary who bet illegally on a horse." To curb this drain from the economy, the bill I am introducing will give the Federal government two additional methods of assisting States in combatting illegal gambling. (more) -2- Title I will make it a felony for gamblers involved in any operation which exists for 30 days or has a gross daily revenue in excess of $2000 to scheme with any public or law enforcement official to obstruct, hinder, or impede the enforcement of gambling laws by means of bribery of the government official. Title II makes it a Federal offense to engage in a large-scale gambling enterprise. Title III amends existing law to permit interception of wire or oral communications where such interception may lead to evidence of an offense punishable under this proposal. This proposal is the heart of the Administration's war on organized crime. If the profit can be taken from illegal gambling, the flow of funds used to finance such deadly activities as narcotics traffic will be dried up. Illegal gambling itself is a menace to our society; the criminal activity financed from its bounty is far worse. We need the additional Federal weapons of law enforcement this legislation will provide. With these the Attorney General can effectively work with State and local governments to eradicate this evil from our nation. I urge rapid consideration and favorable action on the Illegal Gambling Business Control Act of 1969. # # # CONGRESSMAN NEWS GERALD R. FORD HOUSE REPUBLICAN LEADER RELEASE --FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE- May 5, 1969 Remarks by Rep. Gerald R. Ford, R-Mich., placed in the Body of the Congressional Record of Monday, May 5, 1969. Mr. Speaker: Congress has struggled long and unsuccessfully to cope with the problem created by the mailing of obscene material. Now the Nixon Administration has come up with three proposals which offer genuine hope of curbing this despicable activity of the smut profiteer. The trend of most United States Supreme Court decisions in recent years has caused some members of Congress to throw up their hands and take the attitude that little or nothing can be done about obscene mail. But President Nixon appears to have found the means of stopping the flood of obscene mailings. This mail is aimed at expanding the smut peddler's market and is therefore directed to our youth and to adults as well. In the case of our young people, President Nixon is proposing an anti- obscene mail law which is based on a New York statute already upheld by the U.S. Supreme Court. This law would place a flat ban on the sending of obscene materials to any young person under 18. The court has indicated that such a blanket prohibition on the mailing of offensive sex materials to under-18 Americans will be upheld because of the age of those involved. The other two of the Nixon Administration's anti-obscenity proposals involve mailings to adults. I strongly support these proposals as well as that dealing with young people. It is long past time that the courts recognize there must be a basis in law to support the desire of decent Americans to curb the smut peddler. The people rightly are looking to the Federal Government for protection from the flood of pornographic mail. The laws now on the books have definitely proven inadequate. President Nixon's anti-obscenity proposals constitute a reasoned and workable approach to a most difficult problem. I intend to press for prompt enactment of his recommendations. I would expect that the Congress would welcome Mr. Nixon's legislative initiative in this problem area. # # # FORD i LIBRAR GERALD NEWS CONGRESSMAN GERALD R. FORD HOUSE REPUBLICAN LEADER RELEASE --FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE-- July 14, 1969 Remarks by Rep. Gerald R. Ford, R-Mich., on the President's Message on Drug Abuse Mr. Speaker, the American people are greatly alarmed, and justifiably, over the growing traffic in narcotics and the increasing use of drugs by our youth. If there is any problem area in which the people want speedy and effective action, it is the area of narcotics peddling and drug addiction. I believe the American people are well aware that offenses committed by drug addicts who need money to support their habit account in some areas for a majority of the major crimes occuring there. They recognize, too, that this is but one reason why Federal, state and local resources should be marshalled in a coordinated attack on the narcotics problem. President Nixon, in the Message he has sent Congress today, is pointing the way toward a sorely needed comprehensive action program which must be carried out nationwide and with the greatest possible cooperation at all government levels if the narcotics problem is to be brought under control. The President's proposals for dealing with the narcotics problem obviously constitute a broad, carefully planned program which should produce the maximum possible results if it receives the greatest possible support -- support it so well deserves. I urge that the Congress act as quickly on President Nixon's legislative proposals as circumstances permit -- the revision and consolidation of the Federal narcotics statutes into a single and more effective Act, and the funding of administrative actions being taken to step up the fight against narcotics abuse. Meantime, I wish to take this opportunity to commend the President for the administrative initiatives he has taken to deal more effectively with narcotics trafficking and drug abuse. I would note that only through the sweeping approach adopted by President Nixon -- the strengthening of efforts to halt the production and sale of illegal narcotics, the improving of rehabilitation programs for drug addicts, and the educating of all Americans to the dangers of drug abuse -- can we begin to cope effectively with this most complex problem of drug addiction and its rise and spread. # # # LIBRARY CONGRESSMAN NEWS GERALD R. FORD HOUSE REPUBLICAN LEADER RELEASE --FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE-- July 30, 1969 NOTE TO NEWS MEDIA: I have today formally requested that the F.B.I. investigate the series of murders in the Ypsilanti--Ann Arbor area of Michigan. This request is based on the Lindbergh Law as statutory authority. My letter to the F.B.I. follows: Dear Mr. Hoover: I am writing you to formally request that the F.B.I. join in investigating the series of seven kidnapping-murders which have occurred in the Ypsilanti- Ann Arbor area of Michigan over a two-year period to the present. The latest victim was Karen Sue Beineman, an 18-year-old Eastern Michigan University student from Grand Rapids, Michigan, in my congressional district. There is reason to believe that all of the slayings were committed by the same killer, a sex fiend who strangles and beats his victims. Since the Ann Arbor-Ypsilanti area is less than 50 miles from Toledo, Ohio, I think there can be a presumption that the killer has at some time or other crossed the state line with one or more of the girls he has lured to an early and horrible death. Col. Frederic Davids, head of the Michigan State Police, has informed me that the Beineman case has offered local and State police authorities the best lead yet in this series of murders. That lead is the fact that Karen Sue Beineman was seen getting on a motorcycle behind a curly-haired young man and was never seen alive again. The fact that Miss Beineman last was seen riding on a motorcycle leads me to believe that the killer may have crossed the Ohio state line with her. Certainly we can make that presumption, and this would provide the basis for the F.B.I. entering the case. I have been besieged with telephone calls and telegrams from Grand Rapids parents urging that the F.B.I. come into the case. I personally feel that this is a case which requires a total mobilization of Federal, State and local investigative effort if it is to be solved. There is even talk among some Grand Rapids residents to the effect that parents with young girls attending the University of Michigan and Eastern Michigan University should withdraw their daughters from school until this series of slayings is cleared up. Please give this matter your immediate and most serious consideration. I hope and pray for a favorable decision. Best regards, Gerald R. Ford, M.C. GRF:pc U. S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES REPUBLICAN POLICY COMMITTEE REP. JOHN J. RHODES, (R.-ARIZ.) CHAIRMAN 1616 LONGWORTH HOUSE OFFICE BUILDING TELEPHONE 225-6168 10 91st Congress September 23, 1969 First Session Statement Number 7 HOUSE REPUBLICAN POLICY STATEMENT ON CRIME LEGISLATION The United States will never fall to external enemies unless it has been weakened beyond redemption by the enemies within. America's internal enemies today are the criminals, the law-breakers and those who prey on the poor, the young, the weak and the innocent. The Republicans in the House of Representatives are deeply aware of the dangers the scope and incidence of crime pose to our Nation. We are determined to institute actions wherever and whenever possible to give law enforcement officers at the national, state and local levels the tools to cope with crime and the courts the means with which to deal adequately with criminals. At the same time we remain determined to provide justice under the law, to protect the innocent and to assure the Constitutional rights of all our citizens. Failure to deal effectively with criminals and the causes of crime has resulted in what can only be termed major disaster. Crime has quadrupled since 1944. In 1968 alone, it increased by 17%. Use of drugs has grown at an even more frightening rate. Between 1960 and 1967 juvenile arrests involving the use of drugs rose by almost 800% and the number of narcotics addicts in the United States is now estimated to be in the hundreds of thousands. (over) -2- The flow of smut and obscenity through the mails has increased enormously in recent years, to the disgust of decent citizens and to the detriment of our children. In the Nation's Capitol, while serious crime skyrockets, the criminal courts lack progressive, effective procedures. Organized crime continues to wrap its tentacles about our society. It controls illegal gambling, the numbers racket and dope smuggling, and has infiltrated government and legitimate business. We must devote new resources and knowledge to the curbing of juvenile delinquency; we must develop new techniques of prisoner rehabilitation, both institutional and extra-institutional; we must address the urgent need for penal reform. Control of all areas of crime is absolutely necessary if we are to maintain the internal strength and security of our Nation, if we are to be safe in our homes and on our streets and if our children are to have the protection they deserve. President Nixon has called upon the Congress, the States and localities-- and each citizen to join in a national commitment to a war on crime. He has sent to the Congress a multi-faceted crime control package which includes a broad attack upon all aspects of organized crime, deals with the flow of smut through the mails, revises criminal statutes and reorganizes the court system in the District of Columbia and provides new approaches in the battle to control narcotics. Legisla- tive proposals to meet and solve these and other critical problems have long been championed by Republican Representatives, but Congressional action has not been forthcoming. The Republican Policy Committee of the House of Representatives recommends immediate consideration and passage of this vitally needed legislation to reduce and control the cancer of crime that now afflicts the American people.