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Annual Convention of the Pennsylvania Bankers Association, Atlantic City, NJ, May 26, 1969
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4526203
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Annual Convention of the Pennsylvania Bankers Association, Atlantic City, NJ, May 26, 1969
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Gerald R. Ford Congressional Papers
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Banks and banking
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1969-05-31
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1969
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1969-05-01
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1969
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The original documents are located in Box D27, folder "Annual Convention of the Pennsylvania Bankers Association, Atlantic City, NJ, May 26, 1969" of the Ford Congressional Papers: Press Secretary and Speech File at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Copyright Notice The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. The Council donated to the United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Digitized from Box D27 of The Ford Congressional Papers: Press Secretary and Speech File at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library ANNUAL CONVENTION OF THE PA. BANKERS ASSOC, ATLANTIC CITY, NEW JERSEY, 10:30 A.M. MONDAY, MAY 26, 1969 GOOD MORNING, GENTLEMEN: IT'S A GREAT PLEASURE FOR ME TO JOIN YOU HERE IN THIS EXCITING RESORT CITY. I HAVE ALWAYS FELT AT HOME TALKING Virgen WITH BANKERS BECAUSE I HAVE ALWAYS FELT THEY HAD MY INTEREST AT HEART. MARK TWAIN, OF COURSE, HAD A LITTLE DIFFERENT OUTLOOK ON BANKERS. HE SAID "A BANKER IS A FELLOW WHO LENDS YOU HIS UMBRELLA WHEN THE SUN IS SHINING AND WANTS IT BACK THE MINUTE IT BEGINS TO RAIN." " my good frands I HAVE A HUNCH MAYBE DAVID KENNEDY AND BOB MAYO WISH THEY HAD GOTTEN THEIR UMBRELLAS BACK BEFORE THEY LEFT CHICAGO FOR FORD WASHINGTON. BUT THEN SECRETARY KENNEDY DIDN'T REALIZE THAT HOUSE BANKING AND GERA CURRENCY CHAIRMAN WRIGHT PATMAN CALLS HIMSELF -2- "THE LITTLE OLD RAINMAKER." A HOMESPUN PHILOSOPHER WHO ALSO HAPPENED TO BE A SONG WRITER ONCE SAID, "INTO EACH LIFE SOME RAIN MUST FALL RIGHT NOW I THINK WE'RE ALL ENJOYING our home + A CONSIDERABLE QUANTITY OF SUNSHINE. I RECALL A TIME LAST YEAR WHEN THE MILITANTS IN THIS COUNTRY WERE SHOUTING THAT THEY WERE GOING TO "TURN THIS COUNTRY AROUND" OR BURN IT DOWN. Hopefully t medically WE ARE TURNING THIS COUNTRY AROUND slowly but surely TURNING IT TOWARD PERMANENT PEACE AND GENUINE Because the PROSPERITY. vast majority of americans are becomeny alamed of & arrund WE ARE TURNING THIS COUNTRY AROUND AWAY FROM THE ARSONISTS AND ANARCHISTS. THERE IS A NEW FIRE IN THIS COUNTRY -- THE FIRE OF FAITH. THE FIRES OF FAITH HAVE BEEN RELIT IN THIS COUNTRY -- FAITH IN OUR FREE INSTITUTIONS, FAITH IN THE FREE ENTERPRISE SYSTEM, FAITH THAT THE PRINCIPLE -3- OF FREEDOM ULTIMATELY WILL PREVAIL IN THE SCALES OF WORLD JUSTICE, FAITH THAT OUR NATIONAL GOVERNMENT WORKING WITH STATE AND LOCAL LEADERS AND OUR PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS CAN SOLVE THE CRUSHING PROBLEMS OF OUR TIMES. THERE HAS BEEN A VAST CHANGE IN THE MOOD OF THE AMERICAN PEOPLE, A SHIFT IN THE TIDE. THERE IS A TIDE FOR CHANGE, BUT IT IS A TIDE FOR CHANGE BASED ON CAREFULLY REASONED DECISIONS AND ON THE GREAT FORCE FOR GOOD THAT FLOWS FROM PEOPLE WORKING WITH PEOPLE CHANGE RISING FROM EVOLUTION AND NOT REVOLUTION. THE FORCES OF REVOLUTION ARE AT WORK IN THIS COUNTRY BUT THEY WILL NOT PREVAIL. AS THE GREAT PHILOSOPHER PLUTARCH PUT IT: "PERSEVERANCE IS MORE PREVAILING THAN GERALD LEGARET VIOLENCE; AND MANY THINGS WHICH CANNOT BE OVERCOME WHEN THEY ARE TAKEN TOGETHER YIELD -4- THEMSELVES WHEN TAKEN LITTLE BY LITTLE." WE HAVE BEEN LIVING UNDER A NEW NATIONAL ADMINISTRATION FOR FOUR MONTHS. THE ADMINISTRATION CHANGED, BUT THE PROBLEMS REMAINED. THEY DID NOT DISAPPEAR. ONE DIVIDEND FROM A CHANGE IN NATIONAL ADMINISTRATIONS IS A CHANGE IN OUTLOOK -- REEXAMINATION OF THE PROBLEMS, A SEARCHING-OUT OF DEFICIENCIES, A DEVISING OF NEW APPROACHES. THE NEW ADMINISTRATION HAS FIRST OF ALL ESTABLISHED THE PROCESS OF EFFECTIVE DECISION-MAKING AND HAS GIVEN OUR NATIONAL PROBLEMS FRESH ANALYSIS. 2 believe AS A RESULT, WE HAVE MADE SUBSTANTIAL PROGRESS IN JUST FOUR MONTHS -- AS A NATION AND AS A PEOPLE. THIS IS TRUE BY ANY STANDARD WE NOW SEE A REALISTIC MOVEMENT TOWARD PEACE IN VIETNAM SOME PROGRESS became The migotiators are ducusing issues not the shape f The table -5- TOWARD CREATING A FRAMEWORK FOR SRAELI -ARAB PEACE NEGOTIATIONS IN THE MIDDLE EAST A PULLING TOGETHER OF THE WESTERN ALLIANCE, AND STEPS TOWARD ARMS CONTROL TALKS WITH THE SOVIET UNION. WE HAVE MADE PROGRESS TOWARD Supreme organizal inms pronography t absept marchtics COMBATING CRIME; PROGRESS TOWARD REBUILDING OUR CITIES; PROGRESS TOWARD BRINGING INFLATION UNDER CONTROL; PROGRESS TOWARD REFORMING OUR TAX STRUCTURE. THERE WILL BE TAX REFORM THIS YEAR -- AND IT PROBABLY WILL GO BEYOND THE NIXON ADMINISTRATION'S RECOMMENDATIONS. THE NATIONAL MOOD UNDERSCORES THE NEED FOR IT, AND CONGRESS WILL RESPOND. ADMINISTRATION OFFICIALS ARE WORKING CLOSELY WITH THE HOUSE WAYS AND MEANS COMMITTEE. THE COMMITTEE IS ON SCHEDULE. THE PLAN IS TO MOVE A TAX REFORM BILL GERALD DILBRARY THROUGH THE HOUSE BEFORE THE CONGRESS TAKES mid august -6- A SUMMER RECESS IN MID-AUGUST. This is handget one THIS POINT IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO SAY WHAT THE WAYS AND MEANS COMMITTEE WILL DO IN DEALING WITH TAX-EXEMPT BONDS. THIS IS THE MOST COMPLEX PROBLEM FACING THE COMMITTEE. as you know There are constitutional X other THERE IS SOME TALK OF TAXING STATE make problems. 2 do not agree with The political demogozues who it appear AND MUNICIPAL BONDS AND THEN REIMBURSING there is Mr ment wa TH STATE AND LOCAL UNITS OF GOVERNMENT FOR THE ADDITIONAL INTEREST COSTS RESULTING FROM ELIMINATION OF TAX EXEMPTION. BUT WHO WOULD DECIDE EXACTLY HOW MUCH INTEREST ADD-ON OCCURRED IN EACH INSTANCE? HOW WOULD IT BE COMPUTED? AND OF COURSE THERE ALSO IS THE INEQUITY TO INDIVIDUALS THAT ARISES FROM TAXING NEW ISSUES OF STATE AND MUNICIPAL BONDS WHILE OUTSTANDING BONDS CONTINUE TO BE TAX-EXEMPT. NOW MEETING IN EXECUTIVE SESSION, -7- THE WAYS AND MEANS COMMITTEE HAS BEFORE IT PRESIDENT NIXON'S TAX REFORM PROPOSALS PLUS THE CONTINUING ADVICE OF ADMINISTRATION OFFICIALS AND THE BENEFIT OF TESTIMONY TAKEN IN THE COMMITTEE'S PUBLIC HEARINGS. THE LEGISLATION SHAPED IN THESE EXECUTIVE SESSIONS COULD BE QUITE FAR REACHING. BUT ONE WOULD HAVE TO POSSESS THE WISDOM OF SOLOMON TO PREDICT THE NET RESULT. AT THIS POINT I WOULD LIKE TO SAY A FEW WORDS ABOUT PROSPECTS FOR BANK HOLDING COMPANY LEGISLATION IN THE 91st CONGRESS. again THE SHAPE OF THE LAW TO COME IS UNCLEAR BUT I AM CONVINCED THE 91st CONGRESS WILL ENACT SOME FORM OF BANK HOLDING COMPANY LEGISLATION. AT THIS POINT, THE TIMING ALSO IS UNCERTAIN. AS YOU KNOW, THE NIXON ADMINISTRATION HAS SPONSORED A BILL WHICH IS DIFFERENT IN MANY RESPECTS FROM EITHER THE PATMAN OR LIBRARY -8- PROXMIRE BILLS. BECAUSE OF THE STRONG ANTI - BANK BIAS OF CHAIRMAN PATMAN I DO NOT THINK THE to put it mildly BILL REPORTED OUT BY THE HOUSE BANKING AND CURRENCY COMMITTEE WILL necessary DETERMINE THE ULTIMATE FORM OF THE LEGISLATION AS ENACTED. I WOULD ADD THAT I DO NOT THINK CONGRESS AS A WHOLE WILL TREAT THIS SUBJECT IN PARTISAN FASHION. I WOULD LIKE TO SOUND THIS NOTE OF CAUTION. I AM CONCERNED THAT MANY BANKERS REGARD THIS SUBJECT AS PURELY A BANK HOLDING COMPANY ISSUE. BANKERS EVERYWHERE SHOULD REALIZE THAT THE EXTENT TO WHICH CONGRESS DEFINES BANK-RELATED ACTIVITIES FOR HOLDING COMPANIES IS BOUND. TO AFFECT THE FUTURE DEFINITION OF RELATED ACTIVITIES FOR INDIVIDUAL BANKS AS WELL. YOU ALSO ARE INTERESTED IN THE FORD LIBRARY TRUTH-IN-LENDING ACT, WHICH WILL BECOME -9- EFFECTIVE IN MANY RESPECTS ON JUNE 30 THROUGH REGULATION Z. I AM AWARE THAT THE BANKING INDUSTRY OPPOSED THIS LEGISLATION TO SOME DEGREE. BUT MANY OF THE BANKING INDUSTRY'S LEADERS NOW SEE THE SITUATION AS A GREAT OPPORTUNITY FOR BANKING, AND I AGREE. MANY COMPETITIVE BENEFITS WILL RESULT FOR BANKS FROM THE FACT THAT DISCLOSURE OF ANNUAL FINANCE CHARGES WILL NOW BE REQUIRED WITH REGARD TO CONSUMER CREDIT TRANSACTIONS AND CREDIT ADVERTISING. THERE IS ONE BY-PRODUCT OF THE TRUTH-IN-LENDING ACT WHICH CONCERNS ME. AT THE SAME TIME I SEE IT AS AN OPPORTUNITY FOR OUR NATION'S BANKS. IN MY VIEW, SPONSORS OF THE LEGISLATION WERE OVERZEALOUS IN THEIR DESIRE all the complicated mathematics TO DISCLOSE EVERYTHING TO THE CONSUMER ABOUT HIS OR HER CONSUMER CREDIT TRANSACTION. IT -10- APPEARS THAT ON A TYPICAL INSTALLMENT CONTRACT REGULATION Z REQUIRES MORE THAN 20 SEPARATE COMPUTATIONS OF DOLLAR AND PERCENTAGE FIGURES. OPEN-END CREDIT on wen greater AGREEMENTS WILL INVOLVE A SIMILAR NUMBER OF COMPUTATIONS. IN MANY CASES THE CONSUMER WE ARE TRYING TO PROTECT WILL SIMPLY BECOME CONFUSED. I FURTHER PREDICT THAT MANY SMALL AND MEDIUM SIZE RETAILERS WILL EITHER REFUSE TO GRANT CREDIT OR WILL TURN TO BANKS FOR ASSISTANCE. IN MANY INSTANCES, THE BANK CREDIT CARD WILL BE THE MOST CONVENIENT ANSWER FOR THE SMALL RETAILER. FEDERAL RESERVE BOARD AND FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION REPRESENTATIVES HAVE BEEN URGING LOCAL RETAILERS TO CONSULT ATTORNEYS ON HOW TO COMPLY WITH THE TRUTH-IN-LENDING LAW. THIS IS AN UNREALISTIC APPROACH AND LIBRARY -11- FAR TOO COSTLY FOR MANY SMALL BUSINESSMEN. THUS THE BANKING INDUSTRY HAS AN OPPORTUNITY TO MAKE MANY FRIENDS, SIMPLY BY EXTENDING A HELPING HAND TO SMALL RETAILERS THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY. THE NATIONAL ADMINISTRATION ALSO HAS AN OPPORTUNITY -- AN OPPORTUNITY TO KEEP THE AMERICAN ECONOMY GROWING WITHOUT SHARP UPS AND DOWNS, TO DIRECT IT ON A COURSE OF STEADY AND SOUND EXPANSION AS OUR POPULATION GROWS. THE PRESIDENT BELIEVES THAT WE CAN DO THIS IF WE STEER A COURSE THAT AVOIDS DRASTIC SWINGS IN FEDERAL SPENDING AND CREDIT POLICY, A COURSE BASED ON THE THEORY THAT THE BEST ECONOMICS IS THE BEST POLITICS. AGAINST THAT BACKGROUND OF ADMINIS- TRATION POLICY, CONGRESS HAS SOME MAJOR DECISIONS TO MAKE IN THE WEEKS AHEAD. THE -12- MOST CRUCIAL OF THESE DECISIONS INVOLVES THE 10 PER CENT SURTAX. IN MY VIEW, WE CAN MAKE THE RIGHT DECISION ON THE SURTAX ONLY IF WE LOOK AT IT FROM THE STANDPOINT OF WHAT IS BEST FOR THE ECONOMY -- WHICH IS TO SAY, WHAT IS BEST FOR THE AMERICAN PEOPLE. EVERYONE WITH EVEN A RUDIMENTARY KNOWLEDGE OF ECONOMICS RECOGNIZES THAT THE GREATEST PROBLEM CURRENTLY FACING OUR DOMESTIC ECONOMY IS CONTINUING STRONG INFLATION AND A DEEPENING OF THE INFLATIONARY PSYCHOLOGY THAT HAS TAKEN HOLD IN THIS COUNTRY IN RECENT MONTHS. CONSIDER THIS: AS 1965 ENDED, THE CONSUMER PRICE INDEX STOOD AT 109.9 PER CENT OF THE 1957-59 PRICE LEVEL. AS OF MARCH 31, 1969, PRICES HAD RISEN TO 125.4) PER CENT. THAT'S A 14.1 PER CENT COST-OF-LIVING JUMP IN JUST 39 MONTHS LIBRARY -13- DEMAND-PULL WAS THE INFLATION CULPRIT IN 1965. SINCE MID-1967 PRICES HAVE BEEN PUSHED UP BY A COMBINATION OF DEMAND-PULL AND COST-PUSH FORCES. WE CAN ATTAIN PRICE STABILITY THROUGH THE OPERATION AND INTER-ACTION OF THREE FORCES -- FISCAL POLICY, MONETARY POLICY AND THE LONG-RUN REACTION OF THE MARKET PLACE TO PRICE CHANGES. I WOULD LIKE TO FOCUS THIS MORNING ON FISCAL POLICY, BECAUSE A DECISION ON EXTENDING THE SURTAX IS QUITE IMMINENT IN THE CONGRESS. THINK WE ALL AGREE THAT WHEN INFLATION IS RAMPANT, GOVERNMENT FISCAL POLICY SHOULD BE AIMED AT TAKING THE STEAM OUT OF THE BOOM. SPENDING SHOULD BE RESTRICTED AND OR TAX RATES SHOULD BE INCREASED. FORD conspending ME INFLATION IS RAMPANT, AND YET THE LIBRARY ON GET FROM MY LIEUTENANTS IN THE HOUSE -14- IS THAT EXTENSION OF THE SURTAX MAY BE IN TROUBLE. Int. Rev. story 1 2 can understand ON APRIL 21 PRESIDENT NIXON PROPOSED THAT THE SURTAX BE EXTENDED AT THE 10 PER CENT LEVEL UNTIL NEXT JAN. 1 AND THEN REDUCED TO 5 PER CENT AND THAT THE 7 PER CENT INVESTMENT TAX CREDIT BE REPEALED AS OF THAT DATE. THE REVENUE LOSS RESULTING FROM CUTTING THE SURTAX IN HALF WOULD BE OFFSET BY REPEAL OF THE INVESTMENT TAX CREDIT. WHAT COULD BE MORE REASONABLE? AND YET THE SURTAX EXTENSION IS IN TROUBLE. THE TROUBLE IS IS/THAT THAT CONGRESS HAS NOT YET LOOKED AT THE SURTAX EXTENSION IN THE PROPER LIGHT. THE QUESTION REALLY IS NOT WHETHER THE SURTAX SHOULD BE EXTENDED BUT with battle against Whatson WHETHER THE TIME IS RIGHT FOR A TAX CUT, BECAUSE THAT'S WHAT FAILURE TO EXTEND THE SURTAX WOULD MEAN -- TAX REDUCTION at The federal Level. NOW, IF WE ARE GOING TO CUT TAXES LIBRARY -15- must WE HAVE TO TELL OURSELVES THAT THE ECONOMY NEEDS A PEP PILL. CAN ANYONE HONESTLY SAY THAT'S THE CASE? THE PRESIDENT'S COUNCIL OF ECONOMIC ADVISERS HAS JUST ISSUED ITS ECONOMIC INDICATORS REPORT FOR THE MONTH WHICH ENDED APRIL 31. WHAT DO THE KEY INDICATORS SHOW? TOTAL CIVILIAN EMPLOYMENT IN APRIL WAS 77,605,000, NOT ONLY AN ALL-TIME HIGH BUT 2,452,000 GREATER THAN FOR APRIL, 1968. UNEMPLOYMENT AS A PERCENTAGE OF THE TOTAL CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE WAS 3.5 PER CENT -- THE SAME FOR APRIL 1968. AVERAGE HOURLY EARNINGS FOR NON-AGRICULTURAL WORKERS -- ADJUSTED TO CURRENT PRICES -- WERE $2.99 LAST MONTH -- A 19-CENT JUMP OVER APRIL, 1968. TOTAL PERSONAL INCOME WAS AT A $730.5 BILLION ANNUAL RATE, AN INCREASE OF $2.8 BILLION OVER THE PRECEDING MONTH. -16- TOTAL INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION REACHED 171.5 PER CENT OF THE 1957-59 AVERAGE AS COMPARED WITH 162.5 IN APRIL, 1968. NEW CONSTRUCTION REACHED AN ANNUAL RATE OF $91.1 BILLION COMPARED WITH $85.3 BILLION IN APRIL, 1968. WHAT OTHER CONCLUSION CAN WE REACH THAN THAT THE ECONOMY IS IN MANY RESPECTS EVEN MORE BUOYANT NOW THAN IT WAS IN APRIL 1968. I MUST THEREFORE WARN ALL WHO WILL and HEED MY WORDS THAT A TAX CUT WOULD NOT BE lyang FISCALLY SOUND AT THIS TIME. TAX REDUCTION NOW WOULD BE THE WRONG MEDICINE FOR THE ECONOMY AT THE WRONG TIME. IT WOULD ESCALATE INFLATIONARY PRESSURES. BUT I SUGGEST THAT A DROP IN THE SURTAX TO 5 PER CENT NEXT JAN. 1 LIKELY WOULD BE A GOOD PIECE OF TIMING. I SAY THIS FROM THE STANDPOINT THAT REPEAL OF THE INVESTMENT -17- TAX CREDIT WILL HAVE NO IMMEDIATE IMPACT BUT WILL EXERT DRAG ON THE ECONOMY AT A TIME WHEN IT MAY NEED A STIMULANT RATHER THAN A DEPRESSANT. I FEEL SURE THAT THE BANKING INDUSTRY SEES THE DANGER IN TAX REDUCTION WHEN INFLATION IS STILL UNCONTROLLED. YOU COULD REMAIN ALOOF AS SO MANY PEOPLE DO WHEN THEY TURN TO THE OTHER FELLOW AND SAY, "THAT'S YOUR PROBLEM." MY FEELING IS THAT INFLATION IS YOUR PROBLEM, Too, IN FACT, IT'S EVERYONE'S PROBLEM. CURRENTLY THERE IS TOO MUCH PERSONAL INVOLVEMENT IN THIS COUNTRY BY INDIVIDUALS SEEKING CONFRONTATION WITH THE FORCES OF LAW AND ORDER AND WHAT THEY CALL THE ESTABLISHMENT, THE RADICALS WHO ARE TRYING TO TEAR DOWN OUR INSTITUTIONS. THE KIND OF PERSONAL INVOLVEMENT WE -18- NEED IS THAT OF AMERICANS WHO BELIEVE THAT OUR DEMOCRATIC FORM OF GOVERNMENT IS THE what we meed BEST EVER DEVISED, THAT WHAT'S REQUIRED TO MAKE IT SUCCEED IS CONSTRUCTIVE CONFRONTATION WITH THE PROBLEMS OF OUR MODERN SOCIETY. ASK YOU THIS MORNING TO BECOME INVOLVED -- TO MAKE YOUR WEIGHT FELT IN SOLVING THE PROBLEM OF INFLATION. I ASK YOU TO BECOME CONCERNED AND COMMITTED CITIZENS -- CONCERNED ABOUT LOCAL, STATE AND NATIONAL PROBLEMS AND COMMITTED TO PERSONAL ACTION IN HELPING TO SOLVE THEM. I DO BELIEVE THE FIRES OF FAITH HAVE BEEN RELIT IN THIS COUNTRY. WHAT I SAID EARLIER THIS MORNING WAS NOT JUST RHETORIC. IT WAS AN EXPRESSION OF MY OWN PERSONAL FAITH THAT DEMOCRACY CAN BE MADE TO WORK IN AMERICA. AND THAT -- MAKING THE DEMOCRATIC PROCESS WORK -- IS THE BEST POSSIBLE FORD ANSWER TO THE RADICALS WHO ARE TRYING TO LIBRARY -19- TEAR THIS COUNTRY DOWN. LET US THEN JOIN TOGETHER LET US LINK ARMS TO MOVE THIS COUNTRY FORWARD. WE HAVE NEW LEADERSHIP -- SOUND, DETERMINED, SKILLED IN THE PROCESSES OF GOVERNMENT. IN SUPPORT OF THAT LEADERSHIP LET US MAKE OUR CONTRIBUTION -- THE INDISPENSABLE ELEMENT -- FAITH IN OUR NATION, FAITH IN EACH OTHER, FAITH THAT WE CAN MOVE TOGETHER TOWARD A HIGHER ORDER FOR ALL MEN. FOR FAITH IS THE TALISMAN OF GREATNESS FOR ALL AMERICA. -- END -- GERALD, LIBRARY FORD Distribution: an mail 2:00p.m. 5/22/69 Galleries 10:00 a.m. 5/23/69 M Office copy AN ADDRESS BY REP. GERALD R. FORD, R-MICH. AT THE ANNUAL CONVENTION OF THE PENNSYLVANIA BANKERS ASSOCIATION AT ATLANTIC CITY, NEW JERSEY 10:30 A.M., MONDAY, MAY 26, 1969 FOR RELEASE ON DELIVERY Good morning, gentlemen: It's a great pleasure for me to join you here in this exciting resort city. I have always felt at home talking with bankers, because I have always felt they had my interest at heart. Mark Twain, of course, had a little different outlook on bankers. He said "a banker is a fellow who lends you his umbrella when the sun is shining and wants it back the minute it begins to rain." I have a hunch maybe David Kennedy and Bob Mayo wish they had gotten their umbrellas back before they left Chicago for Washington. But then Secretary Kennedy didn't realize that House Banking and Currency Chairman Wright Patman calls himself "the little old rainmaker." A homespun philosopher who also happened to be a song writer once said, "Into each life some rain must fall." Right now I think we're all enjoying a considerable quantity of sunshine. I recall a time last year when the militants in this country were shouting that they were going to "turn this country around" or burn it down. We are turning this country around turning it toward permanent peace and genuine prosperity. We are turning this country around away from the arsonists and anarchists. There is a new fire in this country the fire of faith. The fires of faith have been relit in this country faith in our free institutions, faith in the free enterprise system, faith that the principle of freedom ultimately will prevail in the scales of world justice, faith that our national government working with state and local leaders and our private institutions can solve the crushing problems of our times. There has been a vast change in the mood of the American people, a shift in the tide. There is a tide for change, but it is a tide for change based on care- fully reasoned decisions and on the great force for good that flows from people working with people, change rising from evolution and not revolution. (more) LIBRARY -2- The forces of revolution are at work in this country but they will not prevail. As the great philosopher Plutarch put it: "Perseverance is more prevailing than violence; and many things which cannot be overcome when they are taken together yield themselves when taken little by little." We have been living under a new national administration for four months. The administration changed, but the problems remained. They did not disappear. One dividend from a change in national administrations is a change in outlook -- reexamination of the problems, a searching-out of deficiencies, a devising of new approaches. The new administration has first of all established the process of effective decision-making and has given our national problems fresh analysis. As a result we have made substantial progress in just four months -- as a Nation and as a people. This is true by any standard. We now see a realistic movement toward peace in Vietnam, some progress toward creating a framework for Israeli-Arab peace negotiations in the Middle East, a pulling together of the Western alliance, and steps toward arms control talks with the Soviet Union. We have made progress toward combating crime; progress toward rebuilding our cities; progress toward bringing inflation under control; progress toward reforming our tax structure. There will be tax reform this year -- and it probably will go beyond the Nixon Administration's recommendations. The national mood underscores the need for it, and Congress will respond. Administration officials are working closely with the House Ways and Means Committee. The Committee is on schedule. The plan is to move a tax reform bill through the House before the Congress takes a summer recess in mid-August. At this point it is impossible to say what the Ways and Means Committee will do in dealing with tax-exempt bonds. This is the most complex problem facing the committee. There is some talk of taxing state and municipal bonds and then reimbursing state and local units of government for the additional interest costs resulting from elimination of tax exemption. But who would decide exactly how much interest add-on occurred in each instance? How would it be computed? And of course there also is the inequity to individuals that arises from taxing new issues of state and municipal bonds while outstanding bonds continue to be tax-exempt. (more) -3- Now meeting in executive session, the Ways and Means Committee has before it President Nixon's tax reform proposals plus the continuing advice of Administration officials and the benefit of testimony taken in the committee's public hearings. The legislation shaped in these executive sessions could be quite far reaching. But one would have to possess the wisdom of Solomon to predict the net result. At this point I would like to say a few words about prospects for bank holding company legislation in the 91st Congress. The shape of the law to come is unclear but I am convinced the 91st Congress will enact some form of bank holding company legislation. At this point, the timing also is uncertain. As you know, the Nixon Administration has sponsored a bill which is different in many respects from either the Patman or Proxmire bills. Because of the strong anti-bank bias of Chairman Patman, I do not think the bill reported out by the House Banking and Currency Committee will determine the ultimate form of the legislation as enacted. I would add that I do not think Congress as a whole will treat this subject in partisan fashion. I would like to sound this note of caution. I am concerned that many bankers regard this subject as purely a bank holding company issue. Bankers everywhere should realize that the extent to which Congress defines bank-related activities for holding companies is bound to affect the future definition of related activities for individual banks as well. You also are interested in the Truth-In-Lending Act, which will become effective in many respects on June 30 through Regulation Z. I am aware that the banking industry opposed this legislation to some degree. But many of the banking industry's leaders now see the situation as a great opportunity for banking, and I agree. Many competitive benefits will result for banks from the fact that disclosure of annual finance charges will now be required with regard to consumer credit transactions and credit advertising. There is one by-product of the Truth-In-Lending Act which concerns me. At the same time I see it as an opportunity for our nation's banks. In my view, sponsors of the legislation were overzealous in their desire to disclose everything to the consumer about his or her consumer credit trans- action. It appears that on a typical installment contract Regulation Z requires more than 20 separate computations of dollar and percentage figures. Open-end credit agreements will involve a similar number of computations. (more) -4- In many cases the consumer we are trying to protect will simply become confused. I further predict that many small and medium size retailers will either refuse to grant credit or will turn to banks for assistance. In many instances, the bank credit card will be the most convenient answer for the small retailer. Federal Reserve Board and Federal Trade Commission representatives have been urging local retailers to consult attorneys on how to comply with the Truth-In-Lending Law. This is an unrealistic approach and far too costly for many small businessmen. Thus the banking industry has an opportunity to make many friends, simply by extending a helping hand to small retailers throughout the country. The national Administration also has an opportunity -- an opportunity to keep the American economy growing without sharp ups and downs, to direct it on a course of steady and sound expansion as our population grows. The President believes that we can do this if we steer a course that avoids drastic swings in federal spending and credit policy, a course based on the theory that the best economics is the best politics. Against that background of Administration policy, Congress has some major decisions to make in the weeks ahead. The most crucial of these decisions involves the 10 per cent surtax. In my view, we can make the right decision on the surtax only if we look at it from the standpoint of what is best for the economy -- which is to say, what is best for the American people. Everyone with even a rudimentary knowledge of economics recognizes that the greatest problem currently facing our domestic economy is continuing strong inflation and a deepening of the inflationary psychology that has taken hold in this country in recent months. Consider this: As 1965 ended, the Consumer Price Index stood at 109.9 per cent of the 1957-59 price level. As of March 31, 1969, prices had risen to 125.4 per cent. That's a 14.1 per cent cost-of-living jump in just 39 months. Demand-pull was the inflation culprit in 1965. Since mid-1967 prices have been pushed up by a combination of demand-pull and cost-push forces. We can attain price stability through the operation and inter-action of three forces -- fiscal policy, monetary policy and the long-run reaction of the market place to price changes. (more) -5- I would like to focus this morning on fiscal policy, because a decision on extending the surtax is quite imminent in the Congress. I think we all agree that when inflation is rampant, government fiscal policy should be aimed at taking the steam out of the boom. Spending should be restricted and/or tax rates should be increased. Inflation is rampant, and yet the word I get from my lieutenants in the House is that extension of the surtax may be in trouble. On April 21 President Nixon proposed that the surtax be extended at the 10 per cent level until next Jan. 1 and then reduced to 5 per cent and that the 7 per cent investment tax credit be repealed as of that date. The revenue loss resulting from cutting the surtax in half would be offset by repeal of the investment tax credit. What could be more reasonable? And yet the surtax extension is in trouble. The trouble is that Congress has not yet looked at the surtax extension in the proper light. The question really is not whether the surtax should be extended but whether the time is right for a tax cut, because that's what failure to extend the surtax would mean -- tax reduction. Now, if we are going to cut taxes we have to tell ourselves that the economy needs a pep pill. Can anyone honestly say that's the case? The President's Council of Economic Advisers has just issued its economic indicators report for the month which ended April 31. What do the key indicators show? Total civilian employment in April was 77,605,000, not only an all-time high but 2,452,000 greater than for April, 1968. Unemployment as a percentage of the total civilian labor force was 3.5 per cent -- the same as for April 1968. Average hourly earnings for non-agricultural workers -- adjusted to current prices -- were $2.99 last month -- a 19-cent jump over April, 1968. Total personal income was at a $730.5 billion annual rate, an increase of $2.8 billion over the preceding month. Total industrial production reached 171.5 per cent of the 1957-59 average as compared with 162.5 in April, 1968. New construction reached an annual rate of $91.1 billion compared with $85.3 billion in April, 1968. What other conclusion can we reach than that the economy is in many respects even more buoyant now than it was in April, 1968. (more) -6- I must therefore warn all who will heed my words that a tax cut would not be fiscally sound at this time. Tax reduction now would be the wrong medicine for the economy at the wrong time. It would escalate inflationary pressures. But I suggest that a drop in the surtax to 5 per cent next Jan. 1 likely would be a good piece of timing. I say this from the standpoint that repeal of the investment tax credit will have no immediate impact but will exert drag on the economy at a time when it may need a stimulant rather than a depressant. I feel sure that the banking industry sees the danger in tax reduction when inflation is still uncontrolled. You could remain aloof as so many people do when they turn to the other fellow and say, "That's your problem." My feeling is that inflation is your problem, too. In fact, it's everyone's problem. Currently there is too much personal involvement in this country by individuals seeking confrontation with the forces of law and order and what they call the Establishment, the radicals who are trying to tear down our institutions. The kind of personal involvement we need is that of Americans who believe that our democratic form of government is the best ever devised, that what's required to make it succeed is constructive confrontation with the problems of our modern society. I ask you this morning to become involved -- to make your weight felt in solving the problem of inflation. I ask you to become concerned and committed citizens -- concerned about local, state and national problems and committed to personal action in helping to solve them. I do believe the fires of faith have been relit in this country. What I said earlier this morning was not just rhetoric. It was an expression of my own personal faith that democracy can be made to work in America. And that -- making the democratic process work -- is the best possible answer to the radicals who are trying to tear this country down. Let us then join together let us link arms to move this country forward. We have new leadership sound, determined, skilled in the processes of government. In support of that leadership let us make our contribution -- the indis- pensable element -- faith in our Nation, faith in each other, faith that we can move together toward a higher order for all men. For faith is the talisman of greatness for all America. ### Office Copy AN ADDRESS BY REP. GERALD R. FORD, R-MICH. AT THE ANNUAL CONVENTION OF THE PENNSYLVANIA BANKERS ASSOCIATION AT ATLANTIC CITY, NEW JERSEY 10:30 A.M., MONDAY, MAY 26, 1969 FOR RELEASE ON DELIVERY Good morning, gentlemen: It's a great pleasure for me to join you here in this exciting resort city. I have always felt at home talking with bankers, because I have always felt they had my interest at heart. Mark Twain, of course, had a little different outlook on bankers. He said "a banker is a fellow who lends you his umbrella when the sun is shining and wants it back the minute it begins to rain." I have a hunch maybe David Kennedy and Bob Mayo wish they had gotten their umbrellas back before they left Chicago for Washington. But then Secretary Kennedy didn't realize that House Banking and Currency Chairman Wright Patman calls himself "the little old rainmaker." A homespun philosopher who also happened to be a song writer once said, "Into each life some rain must fall." Right now I think we're all enjoying a considerable quantity of sunshine. I recall a time last year when the militants in this country were shouting that they were going to "turn this country around" or burn it down. We are turning this country around turning it toward permanent peace and genuine prosperity. We are turning this country around away from the arsonists and anarchists. There is a new fire in this country the fire of faith. The fires or faith have been relit in this country faith in our free institutions, faith in the free enterprise system, faith that the principle of freedom ultimately will prevail in the scales of world justice, faith that our national government working with state and local leaders and our private institutions can solve the crushing problems of our times. There has been a vast change in the mood of the American people, a shift in the tide. There is a tide for change, but it is a tide for change based on care- fully reasoned decisions and on the great force for good that flows from people working with people, change rising from evolution and not revolution. (more) -2- The forces of revolution are at work in this country but they will not prevail. As the great philosopher Plutarch put it: "Perseverance is more prevailing than violence; and many things which cannot be overcome when they are taken together yield themselves when taken little by little." We have been living under a new national administration for four months. The administration changed, but the problems remained. They did not disappear. One dividend from a change in national administrations is a change in outlook -- reexamination of the problems, a searching-out of deficiencies, a devising of new approaches. The new administration has first of all established the process of effective decision-making and has given our national problems fresh analysis. As a result we have made substantial progress in just four months -- as a Nation and as a people. This is true by any standard. We now see a realistic movement toward peace in Vietnam, some progress toward creating a framework for Israeli-Arab peace negotiations in the Middle East, a pulling together of the Western alliance, and steps toward arms control talks with the Soviet Union. We have made progress toward combating crime; progress toward rebuilding our cities; progress toward bringing inflation under control; progress toward reforming our tax structure. There will be tax reform this year -- and it probably will go beyond the Nixon Administration's recommendations. The national mood underscores the need for it, and Congress will respond. Administration officials are working closely with the House Ways and Means Committee. The Committee is on schedule. The plan is to move a tax reform bill through the House before the Congress takes a summer recess in mid-August. At this point it is impossible to say what the Ways and Means Committee will do in dealing with tax-exempt bonds. This is the most complex problem facing the committee. There is some talk of taxing state and municipal bonds and then reimbursing state and local units of government for the additional interest costs resulting from elimination of tax exemption. But who would decide exactly how much interest add-on occurred in each instance? How would it be computed? And of course there also is the inequity to individuals that arises from taxing new issues of state and municipal bonds while outstanding bonds continue to be tax-exempt. (more) -3- Now meeting in executive session, the Ways and Means Committee has before it President Nixon's tax reform proposals plus the continuing advice of Administration officials and the benefit of testimony taken in the committee's public hearings. The legislation shaped in these executive sessions could be quite far reaching. But one would have to possess the wisdom of Solomon to predict the net result. At this point I would like to say a few words about prospects for bank holding company legislation in the 91st Congress. The shape of the law to come is unclear but I am convinced the 91st Congress will enact some form of bank holding company legislation. At this point, the timing also is uncertain. As you know, the Nixon Administration has sponsored a bill which is different in many respects from either the Patman or Proxmire bills. Because of the strong anti-bank bias of Chairman Patman, I do not think the bill reported out by the House Banking and Currency Committee will determine the ultimate form of the legislation as enacted. I would add that I do not think Congress as a whole will treat this subject in partisan fashion. I would like to sound this note of caution. I am concerned that many bankers regard this subject as purely a bank holding company issue. Bankers everywhere should realize that the extent to which Congress defines bank-related activities for holding companies is bound to affect the future definition of related activities for individual banks as well. You also are interested in the Truth-In-Lending Act, which will become effective in many respects on June 30 through Regulation Z. I am aware that the banking industry opposed this legislation to some degree. But many of the banking industry's leaders now see the situation as a great opportunity for banking, and I agree. Many competitive benefits will result for banks from the fact that disclosure of annual finance charges will now be required with regard to consumer credit transactions and credit advertising. There is one by-product of the Truth-In-Lending Act which concerns me. At the same time I see it as an opportunity for our nation's banks. In my view, sponsors of the legislation were overzealous in their desire to disclose everything to the consumer about his or her consumer credit trans- action. It appears that on a typical installment contract Regulation Z requires more than 20 separate computations of dollar and percentage figures. Open-end credit agreements will involve a similar number of computations. (more) -4- In many cases the consumer we are trying to protect will simply become confused. I further predict that many small and medium size retailers will either refuse to grant credit or will turn to banks for assistance. In many instances, the bank credit card will be the most convenient answer for the small retailer. Federal Reserve Board and Federal Trade Commission representatives have been urging local retailers to consult attorneys on how to comply with the Truth-In-Lending Law. This is an unrealistic approach and far too costly for many small businessmen. Thus the banking industry has an opportunity to make many friends, simply by extending a helping hand to small retailers throughout the country. The national Administration also has an opportunity -- an opportunity to keep the American economy growing without sharp ups and downs, to direct it on a course of steady and sound expansion as our population grows. The President believes that we can do this if we steer a course that avoids drastic swings in federal spending and credit policy, a course based on the theory that the best economics is the best politics. Against that background of Administration policy, Congress has some major decisions to make in the weeks ahead. The most crucial of these decisions involves the 10 per cent surtax. In my view, we can make the right decision on the surtax only if we look at it from the standpoint of what is best for the economy -- which is to say, what is best for the American people. Everyone with even a rudimentary knowledge of economics recognizes that the greatest problem currently facing our domestic economy is continuing strong inflation and a deepening of the inflationary psychology that has taken hold in this country in recent months. Consider this: As 1965 ended, the Consumer Price Index stood at 109.9 per cent of the 1957-59 price level. As of March 31, 1969, prices had risen to 125.4 per cent. That's a 14.1 per cent cost-of-living jump in just 39 months. Demand-pull was the inflation culprit in 1965. Since mid-1967 prices have been pushed up by a combination of demand-pull and cost-push forces. We can attain price stability through the operation and inter-action of three forces -- fiscal policy, monetary policy and the long-run reaction of the market place to price changes. (more) -5- I would like to focus this morning on fiscal policy, because a decision on extending the surtax is quite imminent in the Congress. I think we all agree that when inflation is rampant, government fiscal policy should be aimed at taking the steam out of the boom. Spending should be restricted and/or tax rates should be increased. Inflation is rampant, and yet the word I get from my lieutenants in the House is that extension of the surtax may be in trouble. On April 21 President Nixon proposed that the surtax be extended at the 10 per cent level until next Jan. 1 and then reduced to 5 per cent and that the 7 per cent investment tax credit be repealed as of that date. The revenue loss resulting from cutting the surtax in half would be offset by repeal of the investment tax credit. What could be more reasonable? And yet the surtax extension is in trouble. The trouble is that Congress has not yet looked at the surtax extension in the proper light. The question really is not whether the surtax should be extended but whether the time is right for a tax cut, because that's what failure to extend the surtax would mean -- tax reduction. Now, if we are going to cut taxes we have to tell ourselves that the economy needs a pep pill. Can anyone honestly say that's the case? The President's Council of Economic Advisers has just issued its economic indicators report for the month which ended April 31. What do the key indicators show? Total civilian employment in April was 77,605,000, not only an all-time high but 2,452,000 greater than for April, 1968. Unemployment as a percentage of the total civilian labor force was 3.5 per cent -- the same as for April 1968. Average hourly earnings for non-agricultural workers -- adjusted to current prices were $2.99 last month -- a 19-cent jump over April, 1968. Total personal income was at a $730.5 billion annual rate, an increase of $2.8 billion over the preceding month. Total industrial production reached 171.5 per cent of the 1957-59 average as compared with 162.5 in April, 1968. New construction reached an annual rate of $91.1 billion compared with $85.3 billion in April, 1968. What other conclusion can we reach than that the economy is in many respects even more buoyant now than it was in April, 1968. (more) -6- I must therefore warn all who will heed my words that a tax cut would not be fiscally sound at this time. Tax reduction now would be the wrong medicine for the economy at the wrong time. It would escalate inflationary pressures. But I suggest that a drop in the surtax to 5 per cent next Jan. 1 likely would be a good piece of timing. I say this from the standpoint that repeal of the investment tax credit will have no immediate impact but will exert drag on the economy at a time when it may need a stimulant rather than a depressant. I feel sure that the banking industry sees the danger in tax reduction when inflation is still uncontrolled. You could remain aloof as so many people do when they turn to the other fellow and say, "That's your problem." My feeling is that inflation is your problem, too. In fact, it's everyone's problem. Currently there is too much personal involvement in this country by individuals seeking confrontation with the forces of law and order and what they call the Establishment, the radicals who are trying to tear down our institutions. The kind of personal involvement we need is that of Americans who believe that our democratic form of government is the best ever devised, that what's required to make it succeed is constructive confrontation with the problems of our modern society. I ask you this morning to become involved -- to make your weight felt in solving the problem of inflation. I ask you to become concerned and committed citizens -- concerned about local, state and national problems and committed to personal action in helping to solve them. I do believe the fires of faith have been relit in this country. What I said earlier this morning was not just rhetoric. It was an expression of my own personal faith that democracy can be made to work in America. And that -- making the democratic process work -- is the best possible answer to the radicals who are trying to tear this country down. Let us then join together let us link arms to move this country forward. We have new leadership -- sound, determined, skilled in the processes of government. In support of that leadership let us make our contribution -- the indis- pensable element -- faith in our Nation, faith in each other, faith that we can move together toward a higher order for all men. For faith is the talisman of greatness for all America. # # #