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Pocket Veto - 1970/12/25 S3418 Family Practice of Medicine (2)
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Pocket Veto - 1970/12/25 S3418 Family Practice of Medicine (2)
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The original documents are located in Box 1, folder "Pocket Veto - 12/25/70 S3418 Family Practice of Medicine (2)" of the White House Records Office: Legislation Case Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Copyright Notice The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Gerald R. Ford donated to the United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Exact duplicates within this folder were not digitized. Digitized from Box 1 of the White House Records Office Legislation Case Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library Calendar No. 1079 91sT CONGRESS SENATE REPORT 2d Session No. 91-1071 THE FAMILY PRACTICE OF MEDICINE ACT OF 1970 AUGUST 5, 1970.-Ordered to be printed GERALD FORD LIBRARY Mr. YARBOROUGH, from the Committee on Labor and Public Welfare, submitted the following REPORT [To accompany S. 3418] The Committee on Labor and Public Welfare, to which was referred the bill (S. 3418) to amend the Public Health Service Act to assist medical schools and hospitals in establishing special departments and programs in the field of family practice and otherwise to encourage and promote the training of medical and paramedical personnel in the field of family medicine and for other purposes, having considered the same, reports favorably thereon with amendments and recom- mends that the bill, as amended, do pass. NECESSITY FOR LEGISLATION S. 3418 would provide for the encouragement of the training of family practitioners. In public hearings on the bill the Health Sub- committee of the Senate Labor and Public Welfare Committee heard a wide variety of witnesses testify to the very great need to supple- ment this country's highly specialized medical manpower with phy- sicians who have a more broadly based educational program. Additionally, the bill enables the Secretary of HEW to assist medical schools, graduate schools, universities, hospitals, and other public or private institutions in more effectively dealing with the problems of malnutrition. The bill authorizes activities intended to advance medical knowledge in the causes and effects of malnutrition, provide for the early detection and effective treatment of malnutrition, and enhance student assistance programs in the field of malnutrition. HEARINGS Public hearings were held by the Health Subcommittee of the Senate Labor and Public Welfare Committee on July 8 and 9, 1970. 48-010 2 In addition to the substantial number of statements which were filed with the committee, a wide range of witnesses gave testimony to the subcommittee. In substantial measure they cover the spectrum FORD of agencies, associations, and individuals who would be affected by the proposed legislation. SUMMARY OF S. 3418 LIBRARY TITLE I Title I of the bill would authorize professional and technical training in the field of Family Medicine. It would provide for the making of grants to public and private nonprofit medical schools, including schools of osteopathy to: (1) operate, as an integral part of their medical edu- cation program, separate and distinct departments devoted to provid- ing teaching and instruction (including continuing education) in all phases of family practice; (2) construct such facilities as may be appropriate to carry out a program of training in the field of family medicine whether as a part of a medical school or as separate out- patient or similar facility; (3) operate, or participate in, special training programs for paramedical personnel in the field of family medicine; and (4) operate, or participate in, special training programs to teach and train medical personnel to head departments of family practice or otherwise teach family practice in medical schools. It would further provide for grants to public and private nonprofit hospitals, which provide training programs for medical students, interns, or residents to: (1) operate, as an integral part of their medical training programs, special professional training programs (including continuing education) in the field of family medicine for medical students, interns, residents, or practicing physicians; (2) construct such facilities as may be appropriate to carry out a program of training in the field of family medicine whether as a part of a hospital or as a separate outpatient or similar facility; (3) provide financial assistance (in the form of scholarships, fellowships, or stipends) to interns, resi- dents, or other medical personnel who are in need thereof, who are participants in a program of such hospital which provides special training (accredited by a recognized body or bodies approved for such purpose by the Commissioner of Education) in the field of family medicine, and who plan to specialize or work in the practice of family medicine; and (4) operate, or participate in, special training programs for paramedical personnel in the field of family medicine. In order to carry out the purposes of title I, the committee's bill authorizes the appropriation of: $50 million in fiscal year 1971, $75 million in fiscal year 1972, $100 million in fiscal year 1973, $100 million in fiscal year 1974, and $100 million in fiscal year 1975. For the purpose of assisting medical schools and hospitals to plan or develop programs or projects for the purpose of carrying out one or more of the purposes set forth in title I of the bill, the Secretary of HEW is authorized to make planning and developmental grants. Not more than $10 million of funds appropriated in each fiscal year may be utilized for these planning and development grants. 3 Title I of the bill further provides that the Secretary shall appoint an Advisory Council on Family Medicine. The Council shall consist of 12 members, four of whom shall be physicians engaged in the prac- tice of family medicine, four of whom shall be physicians engaged in the teaching of family medicine, and four of whom shall be repre- sentatives of the general public. The Council shall advise and assist the Secretary in the preparation of regulations for, and as to policy matters arising with respect to, the administration of title I. The Council shall consider all applications for grants under title I and shall make recommendations to the Secretary with respect to approval of applications for and of the amounts of grants. TITLE II Title II of the bill authorizes the Secretary of HEW to: 1. Make grants-in-aid to and enter into contracts with medical schools, appropriate graduate schools, and nursing schools to assist such schools in establishing courses dealing with malnutrition, its causes and effects, means for its early detection, and effective treat- ment of malnutrition and conditions resulting therefrom; 2. Make grants-in-aid and enter into contracts with universities, medical schools, hospitals, laboratories, and other public or private institutions, and individuals and groups of individuals for research into malnutrition, its causes and effects, means for its detection, and into the effective treatment of malnutrition and conditions resulting therefrom; 3. Establish special projects designed to provide to students of courses in malnutrition practical training and experience in the field of malnutrition; and 4. Provide fellowships and otherwise financially assist students to encourage and enable them to pursue studies and engage in activities in poverty areas relating to malnutrition. In order to carry out the purposes of title II there are authorized to be appropriated: $32,000,000 in fiscal year 1971, $32,000,000 in fiscal year 1972, $32,000,000 in fiscal year 1973, FORD $32,000,000 in fiscal year 1974, and $32,000,000 in fiscal year 1975. COMMITTEE VIEWS GERALD LIBRARY TITLE I-FAMILY MEDICINE 1. Separate departments of family medicine- The committee heard a variety of points of view concerning the requirement in the bill that in order to be eligible for assistance a school of medicine (or osteopathy) must either have established or be in the process of establishing a separate and coequal department of family medicine. The committee feels the requirement is both sound and necessary. It is persuaded by those who testified that unless such a requirement does in fact exist, there is little or no incentive for the already financially beleaguered schools of medicine to establish a new 4 organizational entity. This point of view was cogently presented by the President of the Academy of General Practice who testified: Advances in medical science have opened new medical horizons and made feasible the practice of medicine in many specialized areas. At the same time, medical schools have focused much of their attention on research aimed at dis- covering new horizons. The medical school curriculum has been geared to accom- modate research, with the result that few, if any, of the medical school faculty have been general practitioners with a primary interest in training family doctors. It is only natural that faculty surgeons would tend .to FORD support programs which would improve the training of surgeons, just as faculty internists would tend to support programs to improve the training of internists. Once the emphasis switched to research, the trend toward limited GERALD specialization became self-perpetuating. He further testified: We in the general practice area have gone down the blind alley of trying to produce family doctors in a nonspecialty department. We have had much experience showing that it does not work, because the department is set out in a corner of the medical school. It does not work. But we do have experience in the last 15 months with schools setting up primary areas of family practice. The student interest is tremendous. The interest on behalf of new teachers of family medicine is tremendous. 2. Role of Advisory Council The committee carefully considered the proposed role of the Ad- visory Council. Its consideration included the necessity that the Coun- cil be in a position to advise and assist the Secretary of Health, Edu- cation, and Welfare on the issues of major policy which will inevitably arise as well as be able to make recommendations to him with regard to the approval of request for grant assistance. At the same time the com- mittee is fully aware of the need to avoid the stultifying effect on pro- gram administration that might result from an overly zealous Council. The committee believes that an appropriate balance between these two positions can be found in the operation of the National Advisory Council on Regional Medical Programs, established under title IX of the Public Health Service Act. Accordingly, it has reported language for the Council on Family Medicine, which closely parallels that of the Regional Medical Programs Council. In SO doing the committee intends that the Council herein established will function with respect to policy formulation and grant review in essentially the same way as the RMP Council has functioned. 3. Planning and Development Grants The committee, while being strongly persuaded that a separate and coequal department of family medicine is essential in order to achieve the purposes of title I, nevertheless well recognizes that most medical schools do not yet have such departments, though many are or are about to begin planning for a separate department. 5 For reasons of equity and commonsense, therefore, the committee has authorized planning and development grants in order to give assistance and encouragement to this trend. 4. Continuing Education of Physicians The committee believes that the value of the specialty of family medicine is by no means limited to the initial, graduate, or immediate postgraduate training of physicians. In point of fact both educational and practical activities in the area of family medicine are highly relevant to the practicing physician. Accordingly, the committee has explicitly included continuing education activities as eligible for sup- port under title I. 5. Osteopaths and Schools of Osteopathy Osteopaths and Schools of Osteopathy have and are making a significant contribution to family medicine through their patterns of practice and their curriculums. Their full participation in the programs authorized by this bill is both desirable and essential. Since the com- mittee understands that HEW defines "schools of medicine" to include schools of osteopathy for purposes of qualifying for grant assistance, the committee did not feel the necessity of identifying them by name in the bill. Additionally, no specification of osteopaths was made with regard to the membership of the Advisory Council, though clearly there are many eminent osteopaths whose contribution to the Council would be invaluable. 6. Maintenance of effort The committee intends that section 765(c) of title I which states "The Secretary shall not approve any grant under this part unless the applicant therefore provide assurances satisfactory to the Secretary that funds made available through such grant will be SO used as to supplement and, to the extent practical, increase the level of non- Federal funds which would, in the absence of such grant, be made available for the purpose for which such grant is requested" shall not be constructed SO as to exclude the hospitals of the Veterans' Adminis- FORD tration, the Public Health Service or other Federal agencies from & LIBRARY competing for such grants when they meet all other requirements under title I. GERALD 7. Construction of facilities Title I of the bill includes authority for the construction of facilities appropriate to training programs in family medicine whether as a part of a medical school, hospital, separate outpatient facility, or similar facility. The committee encourages the use of this authority in innovative and experimental ways. For example, a medical school or hospital might wish to construct a facility in an area of severe economic blight, regardless of its immediate proximity to that medical school or hospital, in order to provide training in family medicine while providing high quality services. TITLE II.-MALNUTRITION The committee is deeply concerned that we set the seal of urgency on a national commitment to put an end to malnutrition in America and accept as a nation the problem of malnourishment as a national responsibility. 6 In his message to the Congress last year, the President, Mr. Nixon, clearly testified to the very real need for action in this area. He stated: We have long thought of America as the most bounteous of nations. In our conquest of the most elemental of human needs, we have set a standard that is a wonder and aspira- tion for the rest of the world. Our agricultural system pro- duces more food than we can consume, and our private food market is the most effective food distribution system ever developed. So accustomed are most of us to a full and bal- anced diet that, until recently, we have thought of hunger FORD and malnutrition as problems only in far less fortunate i countries. But in the past few years we have awakened to the dis- tressing fact that despite our material abundance and agri- GERALD LIBRARY cultural wealth, many Americans suffer from malnutrition. Precise factual descriptions of its extent are not presently available, but there can be no doubt that hunger and mal- nutrition exist in America, and that some million may be affected. Dr. Arnold Schaefer, the man in charge of the National Nutri- tional Survey, has made this forceful observation: We have been alerted by recent studies that our popu- lation who are "malnutrition risks" is beyond anticipated findings, and also that in some of our vulnerable population groups-preschool children, the aged, teenagers, and the poor-malnutrition is indeed a serious medical problem. Although we do not know just how many Americans are actually hungry and how many suffer from malnutrition-who don't eat enough and who don't eat the right things-we do know there are too many Americans in both categories. Testimony before the Select Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs has indicated that our medical schools have not been adequately preparing their students for detecting and treating malnutrition and its related illnesses. Even though many of our medical schools do have courses in which some attention is given to malnutrition few make the study of malnutrition an identifiable part of their curriculum. We have learned that too few doctors have a background which equips them to recognize and treat malnutrition as it exists in our poverty areas. For too long, the study of malnutrition has been given secondary attention in our medical, graduate, and nursing schools to the shame and dismay of us all. The final report of the White House Conference on Food, Nutrition, and Health stated: "The teaching of nutrition in schools of medicine, dentistry, and nursing is most inadequate at the present time; in some schools it is almost nonexistent. The num- ber of specialists in nutrition among physicians, dentists, and nurses is very limited; a few hundred persons would be an optimistic estimate." To overcome this deficiency, the committee authorized grants-in-aid and contracts to be provided to medical schools, appropriate graduate schools, and nursing schools to assist such schools in estab- 7 lishing courses dealing with malnutrition, its causes and effects, means for its early detection, and effective treatment of malnutrition and conditions resulting thereform. Among the recommendations set forth in the final report of the White House Conference on Food, Nutrition, and Health are those of its "Task Force VI C-2" which recommended funds be provided for: "Continued research, both basic and applied, on specific nutritional needs of the population and the fundamental causes of malnutrition." To meet this need the committee authorized grants-in-aid and contracts to be provided for research into malnutrition, its causes and effects, means for its detection, and into the effective treatment of malnutrition and conditions resulting therefrom. A national program must have its ultimate focus at the community level, where the citizen must be served. The nutritionist's laboratory should be the home and the community in which the person lives as well as the traditional basic research laboratories, The White House Conference on Food, Nutrition, and Health report states: FORD More emphasis should be given to applied nutrition, not only in the classroom but through field experience in hospi- tals, clinics, and the community. Students of today are more GERALD LIBRARY socially conscious and community oriented than in the past, To achieve this objective the committee authorized financial assistance be provided to establish special projects designed to provide to students of courses in malnutrition practical training and ex- perience in the field of malnutrition. Only with a major increase in committed and competent man- power in the field can a national program be established to deliver needed health and nutritional services to people. There is substantial evidence to document the effects of poverty and the enhanced risks to mental and physical development from severe malnutrition during the first few years of life. This enhanced risk extends into the period of pregnancy when the expectant mother is unable to provide the infant with sufficient nutrients. To meet this need the committee authorized the provision of fellowships and other financial assistance to students to encourage and enable them to pursue studies and engage in activities in poverty areas relating to malnutrition. To meet these grave challenges, curriculum development, research, practical experience, and student assistance in all facets of the field of malnutrition, with its emphasis on poverty, the committee au- thorized $32 million to be appropriated for each of 5 fiscal years beginning with fiscal year 1971. CHANGES IN EXISTING LAW In compliance with subsection 4 of rule XXIX of the Standing Rules of the Senate, changes in existing law made by the bill are shown as follows (existing law proposed to be omitted is enclosed in black brackets, new matter is printed in italic, existing law in which no change is proposed is shown in roman): 8 PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE AcT * TITLE VII-HEALTH RESEARCH AND TEACHING FACILI- TIES AND TRAINING OF PROFESSIONAL HEALTH PERSONNEL * [PART D-CENTERS FOR RESEARCH ON MENTAL RETARDATION AND RELATED ASPECTS OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT [AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS [SEC. 761. There are authorized to be appropriated $6,000,000 for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1964, $8,000,000 for the fiscal year ORD ending June 30, 1965, and $6,000,000 each for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1966, and the fiscal year ending June 30, 1967, for project grants to assist in meeting the costs of construction of facilities for research, or research and related purposes, relating to human develop- ment, whether biological, medical, social, or behavioral, which may assist in finding the causes, and means of prevention, of mental retardation, or in finding means of ameliorating the effects of mental retardation. Sums SO appropriated shall remain available until ex- pended for payments with respect to projects for which applications have been filed under this part before July 1, 1967, and approved by the Surgeon General thereunder before July 1, 1968. [APPLICATIONS [SEC. 762. (a) Applications for grants under this part with respect to any facility may be approved by the Surgeon General only if- [(1) the applicant is a public or nonprofit institution which the Surgeon General determines is competent to engage in the type of research for which the facility is to be constructed; and [(2) the application contains or is supported by reasonable assurances that (A) for not less than twenty years after comple- tion of construction, the facility will be used for the research, or research and related purposes, for which it was constructed; (B) sufficient funds will be available for meeting the non- Federal share of the cost of constructing the facility; (C) sufficient funds will be available, when the construction is completed, for effective use of the facility for the research, or research and related purposes, for which it was constructed; and (D) all laborers and mechanics employed by contractors or subcon- tractors in the performance of work on construction of the center will be paid wages at rates not less than those prevailing on similar construction in the locality as determined by the Secretary of Labor in accordance with the Davis-Bacon Act, as amended (40 U.S.C. 276a-276a-5); and the Secretary of Labor shall have, with respect to the labor standards specified in the clause (D) the authority and functions set forth in Reorganization Plan Numbered 14 or 1950 (15 F.R. 3176; 5 U.S.C. 133z-15), and section 2 of the Act of June 13, 1934, as amended (40 U.S.C. 276c). 9 [(b) In acting on applications for grants, the Surgeon General shall take into consideration the relative effectiveness of the proposed fa- cilities in expanding the Nation's capacity for research and related purposes in the field of mental retardation and related aspects of human development, and such other factors as he, after consultation with the national advisory council or councils concerned with the field or fields of research involved, may by regulation prescribe in order to assure that the facilities constructed with such grants, severally and together, will best serve the purpose of advancing scientific knowledge pertaining to mental retardation and related aspects of human de- velopment. [AMOUNT OF GRANTS; PAYMENTS [SEC. 763. (a) The total of the grants with respect to any project for the construction of a facility under this part may not exceed 75 per centum of the necessary cost of construction of the center as determined by the Surgeon General. [(b) Payments of grants under this part shall be made in advance or by way of reimbursement, in such installments consistent with construction progress, and on such conditions as the Surgeon General may determine. [(c) No grant may be made after January 1, 1964, under any provision of this Act other than this part, for any of the four fiscal years in the period beginning July 1, 1963, and ending June 30, 1967, for construction of any facility described in this part, unless the Surgeon General determines that funds are not available under this LIBRARY part to make a grant for the construction of such facility. [RECAPTURE OF PAYMENTS [SEC. 764. If, within twenty years after completion of any con- struction for which funds have been paid under this part- [(1) the applicant or other owner of the facility shall cease to be a public or nonprofit institution, or [(2) the facility shall cease to be used for the research pur- poses, or research and related purposes, for which it was con- structed, unless the Surgeon General determines, in accordance with regulations, that there is good cause for releasing the ap- plicant or other owner from the obligation to do so, the United States shall be entitled to recover from the applicant or other owner of the facility the amount bearing the same ratio to the then value (as determined by agreement of the parties or by action brought in the United States district court for the district in which such facility is situated) of the facility, as the amount of the Federal participation bore to the cost of construction of such facility. [NONINTERFERENCE WITH ADMINISTRATION OF INSTITUTIONS [SEC. 765. Except as otherwise specifically provided in this part, nothing contained in this part shall be construed as authorizing any department, agency, officer, or employee of the United States to exercise any direction, supervision, or control over, or impose any re- quirement or condition with respect to, the research or related pur- poses conducted by, and the personnel or administration of, any institution. 10 [DEFINITIONS [SEC. 766. As used in this part- [(1) the terms "construction" and "cost of construction" include (A) the construction of new buildings and the expansion, remodeling, and alteration of existing buildings, including archi- tects' fees, but not including the cost of acquisition of land or off-site improvements, and (B) equipping new buildings and existing buildings, whether or not expanded, remodeled, or altered; [(2) the term "nonprofit institution" means an institution owned and operated by one or more corporations or associations ONL no part of the net earnings of which inures, or may lawfully inure, to the benefit of any private shareholder or individual.] PART D-GRANTS To PROVIDE PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL GERALD TRAINING IN THE FIELD OF FAMILY MEDICINE DECLARATION OF PURPOSE SEC. 761. It is the purpose of this part to provide for the making of grants to assist- (a) public and private nonprofit medical schools— (1) to operate, as an integral part of their medical education program, separate and distinct departments devoted to providing teaching and instruction (including continuing education) in all phases of family practice; (2) to construct such facilities as may be appropriate to carry out a program of training in the field of family medicine whether as a part of a medical school or as separate outpatient or similar facility; (3) to operate, or participate in, special training programs for paramedical personnel in the field of family medicine; and (4) to operate, or participate in, special training programs to teach and train medical personnel to head departments of family practice or otherwise teach family practice in medical schools. (b) public and private nonprofit hospitals which provide training programs for medical students, interns, or residents- (1) to operate, as an integral part of their medical training programs, special professional training programs (including continuing education) in the field of family medicine for medical students, interns, residents, or practicing physicians; (2) to construct such facilities as may be appropriate to carry out a program of training in the field of family medicine whether as a part of a hospital or as a separate outpatient or similar facility; (3) to provide financial assistance (in the form of scholar- ships, fellowships, or stipends) to interns, residents, or other medical personnel who are in need thereof, who are participants in a program of such hospital which provides special training (accredited by a recognized body or bodies approved for such purpose by the Commissioner of Education) in the field of family medicine, and who plan to specialize or work in the practice of family medicine; and 11 (4) to operate, or participate in, special training programs for paramedical personnel in the field of family medicine. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS SEC. 762. (a) For the purpose of making grants to carry out the pur- poses of this part, there are authorized to be appropriated $50,000,000 or the fiscal year ending June 30, 1971, $75,000,000 for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1972, and $100,000,000 for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1973, and for each of the next two succeeding fiscal years. (b) Sums appropriated pursuant to subsection (a) for any fiscal year shall remain available for the purpose for which appropriated until the close of the fiscal year which immediately follows such year. GRANTS BY SECRETARY SEC. 763. (a) From the sums appropriated pursuant to section 762, the Secretary is authorized to make grants, in accordance with the pro- visions of this part, to carry out the purposes of section 761. GERALD LIBRARY (b) No grant shall be made under this part unless an application therefor has been submitted to, and approved by, the Secretary. Such application shall be in such form, submitted in such manner, and contain such information, as the Secretary shall have prescribed by regulations which have been promulgated by him and published in the Federal Register not later than six months after the date of enactment of this part. (c) Grants under this part shall be in such amounts and subject to such limitations and conditions as the Secretary may determine to be proper to carry out the purposes of this part. (d) In the case of any application for a grant any part of which is to be used for major construction or remodeling of any facility, the Secre- tary shall not approve the part of the grant which is to be so used unless the recipient of such grants enters into appropriate arrangements with the Secretary which will equitably protect the financial interests of the United States in the event such facility ceases to be used for the purpose for which such grant or part thereof was made prior to the expiration of the ten-year period which commences on the date such construction or remodeling is completed. (e) Grants made under this part shall be used only for the purpose for which made and may be paid in advance or by way of reimbursement, and in such installments as the Secretary may determine. ELIGIBILITY FOR GRANTS SEC. 764. (a) In order for any medical school to be eligible for a grant under this part, such school- (1) must be a public or other nonprofit school of medicine; and (2) must be accredited as a school of medicine by a recognized body or bodies approved for such purpose by the Commissioner of Education, except that the requirement of this clause (2) shall be deemed to be satisfied if, (A) in the case of a school of medicine which by reason of no, or an insufficient, period of operation is not, at the time of appli- cation for a grant under this part, eligible for such accreditation, the Commissioner finds, after consultation with the appropriate accredi- tation body or bodies, that there is reasonable assurance that the school will meet the accreditation standards of such body or bodies prior to the beginning of the academic year following the normal graduation 12 date of students who are in their first year of instruction at such school during the fiscal year in which the Secretary makes a final deter- mination as to approval of the application. (b) In order for any hospital to be eligible for a grant under this part, such hospital- (1) must be a public or private nonprofit hospital; and (2) must conduct or be prepared to conduct in connection with its other activities (whether or not as an affiliate of a school of medicine) one or more programs of medical training for medical students, interns, or residents, which is accredited by a recognized body or bodies, FORD approved for such purpose by the Commissioner of Education. & APPROVAL OF GRANTS SEC. 765. (a) The Secretary, upon the recommendation of the Council, GERALD LIBRARY is authorized to make grants under this part upon the determination that- (1) the applicant meets the eligibility requirements set forth in section 764; (2) the applicant has complied with the requirements of section 763; (3) the grant is to be used for one or more of the purposes set forth in section 761; (4) it contains such information as the Secretary may require to make the determinations required of him under this section and such assurances as he may find necessary to carry out the purposes of this part; (5) it provides for such fiscal control and accounting procedures and reports, and access to the records of the applicant, as the Secretary may require (pursuant to regulations which shall have been pro- mulgated by him and published in the Federal Register) to assure proper disbursement of and accounting for all Federal funds paid to the applicant under this part; and (6) the application contains or is supported by adequate assurance that any laborer or mechanic employed by any contractor or sub- contractor in the performance of work on the construction of the facility will be paid wages at rates not less than those prevailing on similar construction in the locality as determined by the Secretary of Labor in accordance with the Davis-Bacon Act, as amended (40 U.S.C. 276a-276a5). The Secretary of Labor shall have, with respect to the labor standards specified in this paragraph, the authority and functions set forth in Reorganization Plan Numbered 14 of 1950 (15 F.R. 3176; 65 Stat. 1267), and section 2 of the Act of June 13, 1934, as amended (40 U.S.C. 276c). (b) The Secretary shall not approve any grant to- (1) a school of medicine to establish or operate a separate depart- ment devoted to the teaching of family medicine unless the Secretary is satisfied that- (A) such department is (or will be, when established) of equal standing with the other departments within such school which are devoted to the teaching of other medical specialty disciplines; (B) such department will, in terms of the subjects offered and the type and quality of instruction provided, be designed to prepare students thereof to meet the standards established for specialists in the specialty of family practice by a recognized body approved by the Commissioner of Education; or 13 (2) a hospital to establish or operate a special program for medical students, interns, or residents in the field of family medicine unless the Secretary is satisfied that such program will, in terms of the type of training provided, be designed to prepare participants therein to meet the standards established for specialists in the field of family medicine by a recognized body approved by the Commissioner of Education. (c) The Secretary shall not approve any grant under this part unless the applicant therefor provides assurances satisfactory to the Secretary that funds made available through such grant will be so used as to supple- ment and, to the extent practical, increase the level of non-Federal funds which would, in the absence of such grant, be made available for the purpose for which such grant is requested. PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENTAL GRANTS SEC. 766. (a) For the purpose of assisting medical schools and hospitals (referred to in section 761) to plan or develop programs or projects for the purpose of carrying out one or more of the purposes set forth in such sec- tion, the Secretary is authorized for any fiscal year (prior to the fiscal year which ends June 30, 1975) to make planning and developmental grants in GERALD LIBRARY such amounts and subject to such conditions as the Secretary may determine to be proper to carry out the purposes of this section. (b) From the amounts appropriated for any fiscal year (prior to the fiscal year ending June 30, 1975) pursuant to section 762(a), the Secre- tary may utilize such amounts as he deems necessary (but not in excess of $10,000,000 for any fiscal year) to make the planning and developmental grants authorized by subsection (a). ADVISORY COUNCIL ON FAMILY MEDICINE SEC. 767. (a) The Secretary shall appoint an Advisory Council on Family Medicine (hereinafter in this section referred to as the 'Council'). The Council shall consist of twelve members, four of whom shall be physicians engaged in the practice of family medicine, four of whom shall be physicians engaged in the teaching of family medicine, and four of whom shall be representatives of the general public. Members of the Council shall be individuals who are not otherwise in the regular full-time employ of the United States. (b) Each member of the Council shall hold office for a term of four years, except that any member appointed to fill a vacancy prior to the expiration of the term for which his predecessor was appointed shall be appointed for the remainder of such term, and except that the terms of office of the members first taking office shall expire, as designated by the Secretary at the time of appointment, three at the end of the first year, three at the end of the second year, three at the end of the third year, and three at the end of the fourth year, after the date of appointment. A member shall not be eligible to serve continuously for more than two terms. (c) Members of the Council shall be appointed by the Secretary without regard to the provisions of title 5, United States Code, governing appoint- ments in the competitive service. Members of the Council, while attending meetings or conferences thereof or otherwise serving on business of the Council, shall be entitled to receive compensation at rates fixed by the Secretary, but not exceeding $100 per day, including traveltime, and while so serving away from their homes or regular places of business they 14 may be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, as authorized by section 5703 of title 5, United States Code, for persons in Government service employed intermittently. (d) The Council shall advise and assist the Secretary in the preparation of regulations for, and as to policy matters arising with respect to, the administration of this title. The Council shall consider all applications for grants under this part and shall make recommendations to the Secretary with respect to approval of applications for and the amounts of grants under this part. DEFINITIONS SEC. 768. For purposes of this part- oan (1) the term "nonprofit" as. applied to any hospital or school of medicine, means a school of medicine or hospital which is owned and operated by one or more nonprofit corporations or associations, no part of the net earnings of which inures, or may lawfully inure, to the GERALD LIBRARY benefit of any private shareholder or individual; (2) the term "family medicine" means those certain principles and techniques and that certain body of medical, scientific, administrative, and other knowledge and training, which especially equip and prepare a physician to engage in the practice of family medicine; (3) the term "practice of family medicine" and the term "practice", when used in connection with the term "family medicine", mean the practice of medicine by a physician (licensed to practice medicine and surgery by the State in which he practices his profession) who specializes in providing to families (and members thereof) compre- hensive, continuing, professional care and treatment of the type necessary or appropriate for their general health maintenance; and (4) the term "construction" includes construction of new buildings, acquisition, expansion, remodeling,- and alteration of existing buildings, and initial equipment of any such buildings, including architects' fees, but excluding the cost of acquisition of land or offsite improvements. * * * TITLE III-GENERAL POWERS AND DUTIES OF PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE PART A-RESEARCH AND INVESTIGATION * * * * * SEC. 310c. (a) In order to reduce the incidence of malnutrition in the United States, to advance medical knowledge in the causes and effects of malnutrition, and to encourage and facilitate the provision of early detec- tion and effective treatment of malnutrition and the conditions which result therefrom, the Secretary is authorized, out of funds available for carrying out the purposes of this section, to: (1) make grants-in-aid to and enter into contracts with medical schools, appropriate graduate schools, and nursing schools to assist such schools in establishing courses dealing with malnutrition, its causes and effects, means for its early detection, and effective treat- ment of malnutrition and conditions resulting therefrom; 15 (2) make grants-in-aid and enter into contracts with universities, medical schools, hospitals, laboratories and other public or private institutions, and individuals and groups of individuals for research into malnutrition, its causes and effects, means for its detection, and into the effective treatment of malnutrition and conditions resulting therefrom; (3) establish special projects designed to provide to students of courses in malnutrition practical training and experience in the field of malnutrition; and (4) provide fellowships and otherwise financially assist students to encourage and enable them to pursue studies and engage in activities in poverty areas relating to malnutrition. (b) In selecting schools and institutions to carry out the purposes referred to in paragraphs (1) and (2) of subsection (a), priority shall be accorded to those schools and institutions which are located in poverty areas. (c) For the purpose of carrying out the provisions of this section, there are hereby authorized to be appropriated $32,000,000 for the fiscal year commencing with the fiscal year ending June 30, 1971, and for each of the next four fiscal years thereafter. 91sT CONGRESS HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES REPORT 2d Session No. 91-1601 FORD ASSISTANCE FOR PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL GERALD TRAINING IN THE FIELD OF FAMILY MEDICINE OCTOBER 13, 1970.-Committed to the Committee of the Whole House on the State of the Union and ordered to be printed Mr. PICKLE, from the Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, submitted the following REPORT [To accompany H.R. 19599] The Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, to whom was referred the bill (H.R. 19599) to amend the Public Health Service Act to provide for the making of grants to medical schools and hospitals to assist them in establishing special departments and pro- grams in the field of family practice, and otherwise to encourage and promote the training of medical and paramedical personnel in the field of family medicine, having considered the same, report favorably thereon without amendment and recommend that the bill do pass. PRINCIPAL PURPOSE OF LEGISLATION The reported bill would provide for the establishment of training programs at medical schools and teaching hospitals for the training of medical students to serve as family physicians, and for the training of auxiliary personnel to aid in the practice of family medicine. HEARINGS: COST Hearings were held before the Subcommittee on Public Health and Welfare on September 29 and 30, and October 1, 1970. The bill was considered in executive session by the Subcommittee on Public Health and Welfare, and unanimously reported to the full committee, which unanimously ordered the bill reported to the House. Similar legislation (S. 3148) was considered by the Senate Labor and Public Welfare Committee, and unanimously passed the Senate September 14, 1970. The appropriation authorizations contained in the bill are: $50 million for fiscal year 1971, $75 million for fiscal year 1972, and $100 million for fiscal year 1973. 48-006-70-1 3 2 assist the Secretary in the preparation of regulations for, and as to EXPLANATION OF THE BILL policy matters arising with respect to, the administration of the l'amily medicine is a new specialty recently created by the medical program. The Council shall consider all applications for grants under profession to describe physicians formerly referred to as general the program and shall make recommendations to the Secretary with practitioners. The number of persons serving as general practitioners respect to approval of applications for and of the amounts of grants. has been steadily declining in recent years as a result of increased ISSUES PRESENTED BY THE BILL specialization in the medical profession. The purpose of this bill is to attempt to halt this trend and possibly reverse it by encouraging 1. SEPARATE DEPARTMENTS OF FAMILY MEDICINE medical students to take up family medicine for their professional careers. The committee heard a variety of points of view concerning the The bill would authorize professional and technical training in requirement in the bill that in order to be eligible for assistance a school the field of family medicine. It would provide for the making of of medicine (or osteopathy) must either have established or be in grants to public and private nonprofit medical schools, including the process of establishing a separate and coequal department of schools of osteopathy to: (1) operate, as an integral part of their family medicine. The committee feels the requirement is both sound medical education program, separate and distinct departments and necessary. It is persuaded by those who testified that unless such devoted to providing teaching and instruction (including continuing a requirement does in fact exist, there is little or no incentive for the education) in all phases of family practice; (2) construct such facilities already financially beleaguered schools of medicine to establish a new as may be appropriate to carry out a program of training in the field organizational entity. of family medicine whether as a part of a medical school or as separate outpatient or similar facility; (3) operate, or participate in, special 2. ROLE OF ADVISORY COUNCIL training programs for paramedical personnel in the field of family medicine; and (4) operate, or participate in, special training programs The committee carefully considered the proposed role of the Ad- to teach and train medical personnel to head departments of family visory Council. Its consideration included the necessity that the Coun- practice or otherwise teach family practice in medical schools. cil be in a position to advise and assist the Secretary of Health, Edu- It would further provide for grants to public and private nonprofit cation, and Welfare on the issues of major policy which will inevitably hospitals, which provide training programs for medical students, in- arise as well as be able to make recommendations to him with regard to terns, or residents to: (1) operate, as an integral part of their medical the approval of request for grant assistance. At the same time the com- training programs, special professional training programs (including mittee is fully aware of the need to avoid the stultifying effect on pro- continuing education) in the field of family medicine for medical gram administration that might result from an overly zealous Council. students, interns, residents, or practicing physicians; (2) construct The committee believes that an appropriate balance between these such facilities as may be appropriate to carry out a program of training two positions can be found in the operation of the National Advisory in the field of family medicine whether as a part of a hospital or as a Council on Regional Medical Programs, established under title IX of separate outpatient or similar facility; (3) provide financial assistance the Public Health Service Act. Accordingly, it has reported language (in the form of scholarships, fellowships, or stipends) to interns, resi- for the Council on Family Medicine, which closely parallels that of the dents, or other medical personnel who are in need thereof, who are Regional Medical Programs Council. On so doing the committee participants in a program of such hospital which provides special intends that the Council herein established will function with respect training (accredited by a recognized body or bodies approved for such to policy formulation and grant review in essentially the same way as purpose by the Commissioner of Education) in the field of family the RMP Council has functioned. medicine, and who plan to specialize or work in the practice of family medicine; and (4) operate, or participate in, special training programs 3. PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT GRANTS for paramedical personnel in the field of family medicine. For the purpose of assisting medical schools and hospitals to plan The committee, while being strongly persuaded that a separate or develop programs or projects for the purpose of carrying out one and coequal department of family medicine is essential in order to or more of the purposes set forth in title I of the bill, the Secretary achieve the purposes of the bill, nevertheless well recognizes that most of HEW is authorized to make planning and developmental grants. medical schools do not yet have such departments, though many are Not more than $5 million of funds appropriated in each fiscal year or are about to begin planning for a separate department. Therefore, may be utilized for these planning and development grants. the committee has authorized planning and development grants in The bill further provides that the Secretary shall appoint an order to give assistance and encouragement to this trend. Advisory Council on Family Medicine. The Council shall consist of 12 members, four of whom shall be physicians engaged in the prac- 4. CONTINUING EDUCATION OF PHYSICIANS tice of family medicine, four of whom shall be physicians engaged in the teaching of family medicine, three of whom shall be representatives The committee believes that the value of the specialty of family of the general public and one of whom shall, at the time of his appoint- medicine is by no means limited to the initial, graduate, or immediate ment, be an intern in family medicine. The Council shall advise and postgraduate training of physicians. In point of fact both educational 4 5 and practical activities in the area of family medicine are highly Based upon an approximate cost of $300,000 for estab- relevant to the practicing physician. Accordingly, the committee has lishing a department of family practice in a medical school explicitly included continuing education activities as eligible for sup- or teaching hospital, 40 medical schools and 130 hospitals port under the bill. could establish programs during the first year for which funds are authorized. This would cost $51 million. 5. OSTEOPATHS AND SCHOOLS OF OSTEOPATHY The cost of maintaining these programs would drop to Osteopaths and schools of osteopathy have and are making a $250,000 after the first year. Although construction costs will significant contribution to family medicine through their patterns of not exist after the first year, additional residents would be practice and their curriculums. Their full participation in the programs added to the programs, thereby making the net decrease in authorized by this bill is both desirable and essential. Since the com- funds only $50,000. To maintain the original 170 programs mittee understands that HEW defines "schools of medicine" to during the second year would cost $421/2 million. Twenty new include schools of osteopathy for purposes of qualifying for grant medical school programs and 80 new hospital programs could assistance, the committee did not feel the necessity of identifying be added the third year at a cost of $30 million. Total costs them by name in the bill. Additionally, no specification of osteopaths for the second year would be $72½ million. was made with regard to the membership of the Advisory Council, During the third year, it would cost $67½ million to main- though clearly there are many eminent osteopaths whose contribution tain the 270 existing programs. Fifteen new medical school to the Council would be invaluable. programs and 90 new hospital programs could be added the third year at a cost of $31½ million. Total costs for the year would be $99 million. 6. MAINTENANCE OF EFFORT The committee intends that the proposed section 765(c) which AGENCY REPORTS states "The Secretary shall not approve any grant under this part unless the applicant therefore provide assurances satisfactory to the The reported bill is a clean bill, introduced after the conclusion of Secretary that funds made available through such grant will be SO used the hearings, and therefore no agency reports have been received on as to supplement and, to the extent practical, increase the level of the bill. Reports on H.R. 15793 and H.R. 13063, however, deal with non-Federal funds which would, in the absence of such grant, be made the subject matters covered by the bill, and are therefore set forth available for the purpose for which such grant is requested" shall not below: be constructed so as to exclude the hospitals of the Veterans' Adminis- EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT, tration, the Public Health Service or other Federal agencies from OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET, competing for such grants when they meet all other requirements Washington, D.C., July 9, 1970. under the bill. Hon. HARLEY O. STAGGERS, 7. CONSTRUCTION OF FACILITIES Chairman, Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, House of Representatives, Rayburn House Office Building, Washington, D.C. The bill includes authority for the construction of facilities appro- DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: This is in response to your request for the priate to training programs in family medicine whether as a part of views of the Office of Management and Budget on H.R. 15793, a bill a medical school, hospital, separate outpatient facility, or similar to amend the Public Health Service Act to provide for the making facility. The committee encourages the use of this authority in inno- of grants to medical schools and hospitals to assist them in estab- vative and experimental ways. For example, a medical school or lishing special departments and programs in the field of family hospital might wish to construct a facility in an area of severe economic practice, and otherwise to encourage and promote the training of blight, regardless of its immediate proximity to that medical school medical and paramedical personnel in the field of family medicine. or hospital, in order to provide training in family medicine while In a report being furnished to your committee, the Department of providing high quality services. Health, Education, and Welfare states its reasons for recommending against the enactment of H.R. 15793. JUSTIFICATION OF COSTS We concur in the views of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, and, accordingly, recommend that your committee not During the hearings, Dr. Edward J. Kowalewski, president of the give favorable consideration to H.R. 15793. American Academy of General Practice, stated with respect to the Sincerely, authorizations contained in the reported bill, as follows: WILFRED H. ROMMEL, I would now like to touch upon the amount of funds which Assistant Director for Legislative Reference. would be authorized by these bills. I should preface my remarks with the statement that the figures which I will be using are estimates which are subject to many variables in different situations. 7 6 Methods of achieving the goal of personalized and unfragmented DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE. care for each individual-including not only diagnosis and treatment OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY. of illness but also preventive and rehabilitative services-are in a state Washington, D.C., July 7, 1970. of experimentation and change. A variety of terms is used to describe Hon. HARLEY O. STAGGERS, the kind of care or practice, or the type of practitioner, that is wanted: Chairman, Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, House of family practice, general practice, personal medicine, primary care, Representatives, Washington, D.C. first-contact physician, generalist, comprehensive medical care. DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: This letter is in response to your request of A number of schools of medicine and osteopathy and their teaching February 13, 1970, for a report on H.R. 15793, a bill to amend the hospitals have used, or have indicated their intention to use, at least Public Health Service Act to provide for the making of grants to a portion of their formula grants or their special project grants under medical schools and hospitals to assist them in establishing special the health professions educational assistance program to support the departments and programs in the field of family practice, and other- teaching of continuity, primary, or family-oriented care through a wise to encourage and promote the training of medical and para- variety of means. Some schools are gearing their entire educational medical personnel in the field of family medicine. program to the production of family physicians; some are establishing The bill would authorize a new 5-year program of grants to medical separate departments of family practice or family medicine; others are schools— developing family practice or "primary care" programs on an inter- (1) To operate separate departments devoted to teaching and departmental basis. instruction in all phases of family practice; Among the medical schools that have been awarded special project (2) To construct facilities appropriate to carry out family grants for expansion of enrollment (including physician augmentation practice training programs whether as a part of a medical school projects) under the health professions educational assistance program, or as a separate outpatient or similar facility; a number will give additional emphasis to the teaching of family (3) To operate or participate in special training programs for medicine in the course of achieving the goal of increased output. paramedical personnel in the field of family medicine; and The health professions educational assistance program has aided in (4) To operate or participate in special training programs for the construction of facilities for all teaching purposes in medical medical personnel to head departments of family practice or schools including their affiliated hospitals. We are trying to remove otherwise teach family practice in medical schools. artificial barriers to sound planning and construction of the institution The bill would also authorize grants to public or private nonprofit as a whole, rather than create them through categorical construction hospitals which train medical students, interns, or residents— aid. (1) To operate special professional training programs in family Several other legislative authorities already exist under which activ- medicine for medical students, interns, or residents; ities related to the field of family medicine as contemplated under (2) To construct facilities appropriate to carry out these pro- H.R. 15793 may be aided. Authority for Federal support of training of grams whether as part of a hospital or as a separate outpatient or physician assistants and other new types of paramedical personnel similar facility; exists under the allied health professions personnel training authority (3) To provide scholarships, fellowships, or stipends to interns, for developmental grants (sec. 794, Public Health Service Act) and residents, or other medical personnel in need of such assistance, under the new health professions educational assistance special project who are participants in accredited training programs in the field grant authority which went into effect July 1, 1969. of family medicine and who plan to specialize or work in the A number of projects involving the preparation of nurses to play a practice of family medicine; and role in the provision of family-oriented medical care have been con- (4) To operate or participate in special programs for training ducted under nurse training and public health training authorities. paramedical personnel in the field of family medicine. These have included, among others, projects to plan and evaluate For the purpose of making the grants to medical schools and to experimental training programs for such clinical nursing specialists as hospitals, the bill would authorize appropriations of $50 million for pediatric nurse practitioners. fiscal year 1971, $75 million for fiscal year 1972, and $100 million The Hill-Burton medical facilities construction program provides each for fiscal years 1973, 1974, and 1975. support for the construction and modernization of private, nonprofit We are in full accord with the objective of encouraging and promot- medical facilities, including ambulatory care facilities of the type re- ing the training of physicians and paramedical personnel to help to quired for family medicine teaching programs. meet the needs of each patient for personalized and unfragmented At the level of internship and residency training, concern for the care for all of his health needs as an individual in a particular family need for more training in the provision of personalized or family- in a given community at a particular time. At a time of increasing oriented continuing medical care is reflected in the recent creation of specialization and with a variety of types of personnel and facilities family practice as a new medical specialty. There is pressure also for often contributing to the care of a single patient, educational pro- increased emphasis on training in continuous, comprehensive patient grams for health manpower at all levels must emphasize this aspect care in other specialty training programs such as internal medicine, of training. pediatrics, and obstetrics. The costs of interns' and residents' salaries 8 9 (and to a somewhat lesser extent, teaching costs for these training programs) now are met largely out of payments for services, including Under the existing program, two types of improvement grants, that reimbursements for care under medicare and medicaid. is, basic institutional and special project grants, may be made to schools In view of the evolving character of the concept of family medicine, of medicine. Basic institutional grants are formula grants based on there are advantages to aiding activities in this field under broad, student enrollment and may be used for any purpose, other than those flexible legislative authorities such as those contained in the Health prohibited by regulations, which each school determines will most Professions Educational Assistance Act. This type of authority permits effectively advance the quality of its educational program. Special the support of alternative approaches to training in the provision of project grants are to be used among other things in meeting the cost comprehensive and continuing care to individuals and families, pend- of special projects to plan, develop, and establish new programs or ing further evaluation of the various mechanisms for educating modifications of existing programs of education. personnel and organizing medical services in this field. It also allows The proposed program in the area of family medicine could possibly aid for training in family medicine to be provided in conjunction with be undertaken under the existing program. Therefore, the committee aid directed toward another purpose such as expansion of enrollment may wish to consider the relationship of the grants to be authorized of medical schools. under this bill to the grant programs already authorized under part E of title VII. The health professions educational assistance authority is due to expire on June 30, 1971. Because of the close relationship between the It is not clear from the language in the proposed section 761 whether family medicine activities proposed in the instant bill and the health or not it was intended that grant funds could be made available to professions educational assistance programs, we recommend that finance the construction of facilities. We believe that the language of action on that bill be deferred until the recommendations on the the bill should be clarified in this respect by substituting the word Health Professions Educational Assistance Act have been completed. "construction" for "development" in line 10, page 2. We note that In any event, however, we would strongly oppose the enactment of part B of title VII of the Public Health Service Act already authorizes another categorical grant authority, such as that embodied in the a program of grants to medical schools for construction and initial bill, which would duplicate authorities or mechanisms already existing equipping of teaching facilities for medical personnel. to achieve the purpose of this legislation. The bill does not provide for a review of grant applications by a We are advised by the Office of Management and Budget that there National Advisory Council. The legislation authorizing the previously is no objection to the presentation of this report from the standpoint cited program, and most other grant programs administered by the of the administration's program. National Institutes of Health, require the Secretary of HEW to Sincerely, consult. with a National Advisory Council before approving or dis- ELLIOT L. RICHARDSON, Secretary. approving any grant application. The committee may wish to provide a similar requirement in this bill. The proposed part D does not contain an access to records and audit authority for the Comptroller General of the United States. We rec- COMPTROLLER GENERAL OF THE UNITED STATES, ommend that the bill be amended to include such authority. This Washington, D.C., September 4, 1969. could be accomplished by omitting the proposed subsection 762(c)(4) B-74254. and substituting the following language: Hon. HARLEY O. STAGGERS, "(4) Each recipient of assistance under this part shall keep such Chairman, Committee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce, House of records as the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare shall pre- Representatives. scribe, including records which fully disclose the amount and disposi- DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: By letter dated July 25, 1969, you requested tion by such recipient of the proceeds of such assistance, the total our comments on H.R. 13063, a bill to amend the Public Health Serv- cost of the project or undertaking in connection with which such ice Act to provide grants to develop training in family medicine. assistance is given or used, and the amount of that portion of the The bill would authorize funds to be appropriated over a 3-year cost of the project or undertaking supplied by other sources, and such period for grants to medical schools to assist in meeting the costs of other records as will facilitate an effective audit; special projects to plan, develop, or establish new programs or modifi- "(5) The Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare and the cations of existing programs of education in the field of family medi- Comptroller General of the United States, or any of their duly cine, and including the development and equipment of appropriate authorized representatives, shall have access for the purpose of audit facilities. and examination to any books, documents, papers, and records of the We note that the proposed program is similar in many respects to an recipients that are pertinent to the assistance received under this part." existing grant program administered by the Department of Health, Similar provisions are contained in various acts relating to health Education, and Welfare (HEW), which.is authorized under part E of programs. See sections 280b-11(b), 291d(11), 299i(b), 2697(b), and title VII of the Public Health Service Act under the caption "Grants 2956-5 of title 42, United States Code. To Improve the Quality of Schools of Medicine, Dentistry, Osteopathy, Under section 202 of the Integovernmental Cooperation Act of Optometry, and Podiatry." 1968, Public Law 90-577, 82 Stat. 1101, the Comptroller General and heads of Federal agencies have access to records pertaining to grants- 10 11 in-aid received by the States. However, section 202 does not cover similar construction in the locality as determined by the Secretary political subdivisions of States or beneficiaries other than States, of Labor in accordance with the Davis-Bacon Act, as amended which are grant recipients. Sincerely yours, (40 U.S.C. 276a-276a-5); and the Secretary of Labor shall have, with respect to the labor standards specified in the clause (D) the R. F. KELLER authority and functions set forth in Reorganization Plan Num- (For the Comptroller General of the United States). bered 14 of 1950 (15 F.R. 3176; 5 U.S.C. 133z-15), and section CHANGES IN EXISTING LAW MADE BY THE BILL, AS REPORTED 2 of the Act of June 13, 1934, as amended (40 U.S.C. 276c). [(b) In acting on applications for grants, the Surgeon General In compliance with clause 3 of rule XIII of the Rules of the House shall take into consideration the relative effectiveness of the of Representatives, changes in existing law made by the bill, as re- proposed facilities in expanding the Nation's capacity for research ported, are shown as follows (existing law proposed to be omitted is and related purposes in the field of mental retardation and related enclosed in black brackets, new matter is printed in italics, existing aspects of human development, and such other factors as he, after law in which no change is proposed is shown in roman): consultation with the national advisory council or councils con- cerned with the field or fields of research involved, may by regulation PART D OF TITLE VII OF THE PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE Act prescribe in order to assure that the facilities constructed with such grants, severally and together, will best serve the purpose of ad- [PART D-CENTERS FOR RESEARCH ON MENTAL RETARDATION AND vancing scientific knowledge pertaining to mental retardation and RELATED ASPECTS OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT related aspects of human development. [authorization OF APPROPRIATIONS [AMOUNT OF GRANTS; PAYMENTS [SEC. 761. There are authorized to be appropriated $6,000,000 for [SEC. 763. (a) The total of the grants with respect to any project the fiscal year ending June 30, 1964, $8,000,000 for the fiscal year for the construction of a facility under this part may not exceed ending June 30, 1965, and $6,000,000 each for the fiscal year ending 75 per centum of the necessary cost of construction of the center June 30, 1966, and the fiscal year ending June 30, 1967, for project as determined by the Surgeon General. grants to assist in meeting the costs of construction of facilities for (b) Payments of grants under this part shall be made in advance research or research and related purposes, relating to human develop- or by way of reimbursement, in such installments consistent with con- ment, whether biological, medical, social, or behavioral, which may struction progress, and on such conditions as the Surgeon General may assist in finding the causes, and means of prevention, of mental determine. retardation, or in finding means of ameliorating the effects of mental [(c) No grant may be made after January 1, 1964, under any pro- retardation. Sums so appropriated shall remain available until ex- vision of this Act other than this part, for any of the four fiscal years in pended for payments with respect to projects for which applications the period beginning July 1, 1963, and ending June 30, 1967, for con- have been filed under this part before July 1, 1967, and approved by struction of any facility described in this part, unless the Surgeon the Surgeon General thereunder before July 1, 1968. General determines that funds are not available under this part to make a grant for the construction of such facility. [APPLICATIONS [RECAPTURE OF PAYMENTS [SEC. 762. (a) Applications for grants under this part with respect to any facility may be approved by the Surgeon General only if- [SEC. 764. If, within twenty years after completion of any construc- [(1) the applicant is a public or nonprofit institution which tion for which funds have been paid under this part- the Surgeon General determines is competent to engage in the [(1) the applicant or other owner of the facility shall cease to type of research for which the facility is to be constructed; and be a public or nonprofit institution, or [(2) the application contains or is supported by reasonable [(2) the facility shall cease to be used for the research pur- assurances that (A) for not less than twenty years after comple- poses, or research and related purposes, for which it was construc- tion of construction, the facility will be used for the research, or ted, unless the Surgeon General determines, in accordance with research and related purposes, for which it was constructed; regulations, that there is good cause for releasing the applicant or (B) sufficient funds will be available for meeting the non- other owner from the obligation to do so, Federal share of the cost of constructing the facility; (C) sufficient the United States shall be entitled to recover from the applicant or funds will be available, when the construction is completed, for other owner of the facility the amount bearing the same ratio to the effective use of the facility for the research, or research and then value (as determined by agreement of the parties or by action related purposes, for which it was constructed; and (D) all brought in the United States district court for the district in which laborers and mechanics employed by contractors or subcontrac- such facility is situated) of the facility, as the amount of the Federal tors in the performance of work on construction of the center participation bore to the cost of construction of such facility. will be paid wages at rates not less than those prevailing on 12 13 [noninterference WITH ADMINISTRATION OF INSTITUTIONS personnel who are in need thereof, who are participants in a program [SEC. 765. Except as otherwise specifically provided in this part, of such hospital which provides special training (accredited by a nothing contained in this part shall be construed as authorizing any recognized body or bodies approved for such purpose by the Com- department, agency, officer, or employee of the United States to missioner of Education) in the field of family medicine, and who exercise any direction, supervision, or control over, or impose any plan to specialize or work in the practice of family medicine; and requirement or condition with respect to, the research or related pur- (4) to operate, or participate in, special training programs for institution. poses conducted by, and the personnel or administration of, any paramedical personnel in the field of family medicine. [DEFINITIONS AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS [SEC. 766. As used in this part- SEC. 762. (a) For the purpose of making grants to carry out the [(1) the terms "construction" and "cost of construction" purposes of this part, there are authorized to be appropriated $50,000,000 include (A) the construction of new buildings and the expansion, for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1971, $75,000,000 for the fiscal year remodeling, and alteration of existing buildings, including ending June 30, 1972, and $100,000,000 for the fiscal year ending architects' fees, but not including the cost of acquisition of land June 30, 1973, and for each of the next two succeeding fiscal years. or off-site improvements, and (B) equipping new buildings and (b) Sums appropriated pursuant to subsection (a) for any fiscal year altered; existing buildings, whether or not expanded, remodeled, or shall remain available for the purpose for which appropriated until the close of the fiscal year which immediately follows such year. [(2) the term "nonprofit institution" means an institution owned and operated by one or more corporations or associations GRANTS BY SECRETARY no part of the net earnings of which inures, or may lawfully inure, to the benefit of any private shareholder or individual.] SEC. 763. (a) From the sums appropriated pursuant to section 762, the Secretary 18 authorized to make grants, in accordance with the provi- PART D-GRANTS To PROVIDE PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL sions of this part, to carry out the purposes of section 761. TRAINING IN THE FIELD OF FAMILY MEDICINE (b) No grant shall be made under this part unless an application therefor has been submitted to, and approval by, the Secretary. Such DECLARATION OF PURPOSE application shall be in such form, submitted in such manrer, and contain such information as the Secretary shall have prescribed by regulations SEC. 761. It is the purpose of this part to provide for the making of which have been promulgated by him and published ir the Federal Register grants to assist- not later than six months after the date of enactment of this part. (a) public and private nonprofit medical schools- (c) Grants under this part shall be in such amounts and subject to such (1) to operate, as an integral part of their medical education limitations and conditions as the Secretary may determine to be proper program, separate and distinct departments devoted to providing to carry out the purposes of this part. teaching and instruction in all phases of family practice; (d) In the case of any application for a grant any part of which is to be (2) to construct such facilities as may be appropriate to carry used for major construction or remodeling of any facility, the Secretary out a program of training in the field of family medicine whether as shall not approve the part of the grant which is to be so used unless the facility; a part of a medical school or as separate outpatient or similar recipient of such grant enters into appropriate arrangements with the Secretary which will equitably protect the financial interests of the United (3) to operate, or participate in, special training programs for States in the event such facility ceases to be used for the purpose for which paramedical personnel in the field of family medicine; and such grant or part thereof was made prior to the expiration of the twenty- (4) to operate, or participate in, special training programs to year period which commences on the date such construction or remodeling teach and train medical personnel to head departments of family as completed. practice or otherwise teach family practice in medical schools. (e) Grants made under this part shall be used only for the purpose for (b) public and private nonprofit hospitals which provide training pro- which made and may be paid in advance or by way of reimbursement, and grams for medical students, interns, or residents- in such installments as the Secretary may determine. (1) to operate, as an integral part of their medical training pro- grams, special professional training programs in the field of family ELIGIBILITY FOR GRANTS medicine for medical students, interns, or residents; (2) to construct such facilities as may be appropriate to carry out SEC. 764. (a) In order for any medical school to be eligible for a grant a program of training in the field of family medicine whether as a under this part, such school- part of a hospital or as a separate outpatient or similar facility; (1) must be a public or other nonprofit school of medicine, and (3) to provide financial assistance (in the form of scholarships, (2) must be accredited as a school of medicine by a recognized body fellowships, or stipends) to interns, residents, or other medical or bodies approved for such purpose by the Commissioner of Educa- tion, except that the requirements of this clause (2) shall be deemed 14 15 to be satisfied, if (A) in the case of a school of medicine which by reason of no, or an insufficient, period of operation is not, at the (1) a school of medicine to establish or operate a separate depart- time of application for a grant under this part, eligible for such ment devoted to the teaching of family medicine unless the Secretary accreditation, the Commissioner finds, after consultation with the is satisfied that- appropriate accreditation body or bodies, that there is reasonable (A) such department is (or will be, when established) of egual assurance that the school will meet the accreditation standards of such standing with the other departments within such school which body or bodies prior to the beginning of the academic year following are devoted to the teaching of other medical specialty disciplines; the normal graduation date of students who are in their first year of (B) such department will, in terms of the subjects offered and instruction at such school during the fiscal year in which the Secre- the type and quality of instruction provided, be designed to tary makes a final determination as to approval of the application. prepare students thereof to meet the standards established for (b) In order for any hospital to be eligible for a grant under this part, specialists in the specialty of family practice by a recognized such hospital- body approved by the Commissioner of Education; or (1) must be a public or private nonprofit hospital; and (2) a hospital to establish or operate a special program for medical (2) must conduct or be prepared to conduct in connection with its students, interns, or residents in the field of family medicine unless other activities (whether or not as an affiliate of a school of medicine) the Secretary is satisfied that such program will, in terms of the type of training provided, be designed to prepare participants therein to one or more programs of medical training for medical students, interns, or residents, which is accredited by a recognized body or meet the standards established for specialists in the field of family bodies. approved for such purpose by the Commissioner of Education. medicine by a recognized body approved by the Commissioner of Education. (c) The Secretary shall not approve any grant under this part unless APPROVAL OF GRANTS the applicant therefor provides assurances satisfactory to the Secretary SEC. 765. (a) A grant under this part may be made only if the applica- that funds made available through such grant will be 80 used as to supple- tion thereof is recommended for approval by the Advisory Council on ment and, to the extent practical, increase the level of non-Federal funds that- Family Medicine and is approved by the Secretary upon his determination which would, in the absence of such grant, be made available for the purpose for which such grant is requested. (1) the applicant meets the eligibility requirements set forth in section 764; PLANNING GRANTS (2) the applicant has complied with the requirements of section 763; (3) the grant is to be used for one or more of the purposes set forth SEC. 766. (a) For the purpose of assisting medical schools and hospitals in section 761; (referred to in section 761) to plan projects for the purpose of carrying (4) it contains such information as the Secretary may require to out one or more of the purposes set forth in such section, the Secretary is make the determinations required of him under this section and such authorized for any fiscal year (prior to the fiscal year which ends June 30, 1975) to make planning grants in such amounts and subject to such part; assurances as he may find necessary to carry out the purposes of this conditions as the Secretary may determine to be proper to carry out the (5) it provides for such fiscal control and accounting procedures purposes of this section. and reports, and access to the records of the applicant, as the Secretary (b) From the amounts appropriated in any fiscal year (prior to the may require (pursuant to regulations which shall have been promul- fiscal year ending June 30, 1975) pursuant to section 762(a), the Secre- gated by him and published in the Federal Register) to assure proper tary may utilize such amounts as he deems necessary (but not in excess of disbursement of and accounting for all Federal funds paid to the $5,000,000 for any fiscal year) to make the planning grants authorized applicant under this part; and by subsection (a). (6) the application contains or is supported by adequate assurance that any laborer or mechanic employed by any contractor or sub- ADVISORY COUNCIL ON FAMILY MEDICINE contractor in the performance of work on the construction of the SEC. 767. (a) The Secretary shall appoint an Advisory Council on facility will be paid wages at rates not less than those prevailing on Family Medicine (hereinafter in this section referred to as the "Council"). similar construction in the locality as determined by the Secretary of The Council shall consist of twelve members, four of whom shall be physi- Labor in accordance with the Davis-Bacon Act, as amended (40 cians engaged in the practice of family medicine, four of whom shall be U.S.C. 276a-276a5). The Secretary of Labor shall have, with respect physicians engaged in the teaching of family medicine, three of whom to the labor standards specified in this paragraph, the authority and shall be representatives of the general public, and one of whom shall, at functions set forth in Reorganization Plan Numbered 14 of 1950 the time of his appointment, be an intern in family medicine. Members of (15 F.R., 3176; 65 Stat. 1267), and section 2 of the Act of June 13, the Council shall be individuals who are not otherwise in the regular full- 1934, as amended (40 U.S.C. 276c). (b) The Secretary shall not approve any grant to- time employ of the United States. (b) (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), each member of the Council shall hold office for a term of four years, except that any member appointed 16 to fill a vacancy prior to the expiration of the term for which his pred- ecessor was appointed shall be appointed for the remainder of such term, and except that the terms of office of the members first taking office shall expire, as designated by the Secretary at the time of appointment, three at the end of the first year, three at the end of the second year, three at the end of the third year, and three at the end of the fourth year, after the date of appointment. (2) The member of the Council appointed as an intern in family medi- cine shall serve for one year. (3) A member of the Council shall not be eligible to serve continuously for more than two terms. (c) Members of the Council shall be appointed by the Secretary without regard to the provisions of title 5, United States Code, governing appoint- ments in the competitive service. Members of the Council, while attending meetings or conferences thereof or otherwise serving on business of the Council, shall be entitled to receive compensation at rates fixed by the Secretary, but not exceeding $100 per day, including traveltime, and while so serving away from their homes or regular places of business they may be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, as authorized by section 5703 of title 5, United States Code, for persons in Government service, employed intermittently. (d) The Council shall advise and assist the Secretary in the preparation of regulations for, and as to policy matters arising with respect to, the administration of this title. The Council shall consider all applications for grants under this part and shall make recommendations to the Secretary with respect to approval of applications for grants under this part. DEFINITIONS SEC. 768. For purposes of this part- (1) the term "nonprofit" as applied to any hospital or school of medicine means a school of medicine or hospital which is owned and operated by one or more nonprofit corporations or associations, no part of the net earnings of which inures, or may lawfully inure, to the benefit of any private shareholder or individual; (2) the term "family medicine" means those certain principles and techniques and that certain body of medical, scientific, adminis- trative, and other knowledge and training, which especially equip and prepare a physician to engage in the practice of family medicine; (3) the term "practice of family medicine" and the term "prac- tice," when used in connection with the term "family medicine", mean the practice of medicine by a physician (licensed to practice medicine and surgery by the State in which he practices his profes- sion) who specializes in providing to families (and members thereof) comprehensive, continuing, professional care and treatment of the type necessary or appropriate for their general health maintenance; and (4) the term "construction" includes construction of new buildings, acquisition, expansion, remodeling, and alteration of existing build- ings, and initial equipment of any such buildings, including archi- tects' fees, but excluding the cost of acquisition of land or offsite improvements. 91sT CONGRESS } HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES REPORT 2d Session No. 91-1668 TRAINING OF FAMILY PHYSICIANS DECEMBER 3, 1970.-Ordered to be printed BERALD FORD LIBRARY Mr. STAGGERS, from the committee of conference submitted the following CONFERENCE REPORT [To accompany S. 3418] The committee of conference on the disagreeing votes of the two Houses on the amendments of the House to the bill (S. 3418) to amend the Public Health Service Act to provide for the making of grants to medical schools and hospitals to assist them in establishing special departments and programs in the field of family practice, and otherwise to encourage and promote the training of medical and paramedical personnel in the field of family medicine, and to alleviate the effects of malnutrition, and to provide for the establishment of a National Information and Resource Center for the Handicapped, having met, after full and free conference, have agreed to recommend and do recommend to their respective Houses as follows: That the Senate recede from its disagreement to the amendment of the House to the text of the bill and agree to the same with an amend- ment as follows: In lieu of the matter proposed to be inserted by the House amend- ment insert the following: TITLE I-FAMILY MEDICINE SEC. 101. Part D of title VII of the Public Health Service Act is amended to read as follows: "PART D-GRANTS To PROVIDE PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL TRAINING IN THE FIELD OF FAMILY MEDICINE "DECLARATION OF PURPOSE "SEC. 761. It is the purpose of this part to provide for the making of grants to assist- 48-006 2 3 "(1) public and private nonprofit medical schools- "(c) Grants under this part shall be in such amounts and subject to "(A) to operate, as an integral part of their medical education such limitations and conditions as the Secretary may determine to be program, separate and distinct departments devoted to providing proper to carry out the purposes of this part. teaching and instruction (including continuing education) in all "(d) In the case of any application for a grant any part of which is to phases of family practice; be used for major construction or remodeling of any facility, the Secretary "(B) to construct such facilities as may be appropriate to carry shall not approve the part of the grant which is to be so used unless the out a program of training in the field of family medicine whether as a recipient of such grant enters into appropriate arrangements with the part of a medical school or as separate outpatient or similar facility; Secretary which will equitably protect the financial interests of the United "(C) to operate, or participate in, special training programs for States in the event such facility ceases to be used for the purpose for which paramedical personnel in the field of family medicine; and such grant or part thereof was made prior to the expiration of the twenty- "(D) to operate, or participate in, special training programs to year period which commences on the date such construction or remodeling teach and train medical personnel to head departments of family is completed. practice or otherwise teach family practice in medical schools; and "(e) Grants made under this part shall be used only for the purpose "(2) public and private nonprofit hospitals which provide training for which made and may be paid in advance or by way of reimbursement, programs for medical students, interns, or residents- and in such installments, as the Secretary may determine. "(A) to operate, as an integral part of their medical training pro- grams, special professional training programs (including continuing "ELIGIBILITY FOR GRANTS education) in the field of family medicine for medical students, interns, residents, or practicing physicians; "SEC. 764. (a) In order for any medical school to be eligible for a "(B) to construct such facilities as may be appropriate to carry grant under this part, such school- out a program of training in the field of family medicine whether as "(1) must be a public or other nonprofit school of medicine; and a part of a hospital or as a separate outpatient or similar facility; "(2) must be accredited as a school of medicine by a recognized "(C) to provide financial assistance (in the form of scholarships, body or bodies approved for such purpose by the Commissioner of fellowships, or stipends) to interns, residents, or other medical Education, except that the requirements of this clause shall be personnel who are in need thereof, who are participants in a program deemed to be satisfied, if (A) in the case of a school of medicine of such hospital which provides special training (accredited by a which by reason of no, or an insufficient, period of operation is not, recognized body or bodies approved for such purpose by the Com- at the time of application for a grant under this part, eligible for such missioner of Education) in the field of family medicine, and who accreditation, the Commissioner finds, after consultation with the plan to specialize or work in the practice of family medicine; and appropriate accreditation body or bodies, that there is reasonable "(D) to operate, or participate in, special training programs for assurance that the school will meet the accreditation standards of such paramedical personnel in the field of family medicine. body or bodies prior to the beginning of the academic year following the normal graduation date of students who are in their first year of "AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS instruction at such school during the fiscal year in which the Secretary makes a final determination as to approval of the application. "SEC. 762. (a) For the purpose of making grants to carry out the "(b) In order for any hospital to be eligible for a grant under this purposes of this part, there are authorized to be appropriated $50,000,000 part, such hospital- for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1971, $75,000,000 for the fiscal year "(1) must be a public or private nonprofit hospital; and ending June 30, 1972, and $100,000,000 for the fiscal year ending June 30, "(2) must conduct or be prepared to conduct in connection with 1973. its other activities (whether or not as an affiliate of a school of medi- "(b) Sums appropriated pursuant to subsection (a) for any fiscal cine) one or more programs of medical training for medical students, year shall remain available for the purpose for which appropriated until interns, or residents, which is accredited by a recognized body or the close of the fiscal year which immediately follows such year. bodies, approved for such purpose by the Commissioner of Education. "GRANTS BY SECRETARY "APPROVAL OF GRANTS "SEC. 763. (a) From the sums appropriated pursuant to section 762, "Sec. 765. (a) The Secretary, upon the recommendation of the the Secretary is authorized to make grants, in accordance with the pro- Advisory Council on Family Medicine, is authorized to make grants visions of this part, to carry out the purposes of section 761. under this part upon the determination that- "(b) No grant shall be made under this part unless an application "(1) the applicant meets the eligibility requirements set forth in therefor has been submitted to, and approved by, the Secretary. Such section 764; application shall be in such form, submitted in such manner, and contain "(2) the applicant has complied with the requirements of section such information, as the Secretary shall have prescribed by regulations 763; which have been promulgated by him and published in the Federal Register "(3) the grant is to be used for one or more of the purposes set not later than six months after the date of enactment of this part. forth in section 761; H. Rept. 91-1668 H. Rept. 91-1668 4 5 "(4) it contains such information as the Secretary may require to in such section, the Secretary is authorized for any fiscal year (prior to make the determinations required of him under this section and such the fiscal year which ends June 30, 1973) to make planning and develop- assurances as he may find necessary to carry out the purposes of mental grants in such amounts and subject to such conditions as the this part; Secretary may determine to be proper to carry out the purposes of this "(5) it provides for such fiscal control and accounting procedures section. and reports, and access to the records of the applicant, as the Secre- "(b) From the amounts appropriated in any fiscal year (prior to the tary may require (pursuant to regulations which shall have been fiscal year ending June 30, 1973) pursuant to section 762(a), the Secre- promulgated by him and published in the Federal Register) to assure tary may utilize such amounts as he deems necessary (but not in excess proper disbursement of and accounting for all Federal funds paid of $8,000,000 for any fiscal year) to make the planning and develop- to the applicant under this part; and mental grants authorized by subsection (a). "(6) the application contains or is supported by adequate assurance that any laborer or mechanic employed by any contractor or subcon- "ADVISORY COUNCIL ON FAMILY MEDICINE tractor in the performance of work on the construction of the facility will be paid wages at rates not less than those prevailing on similar "SEC. 767. (a) The Secretary shall appoint an Advisory Council on construction in the locality as determined by the Secretary of Labor Family Medicine (hereinafter in this section referred to as the 'Council'). in accordance with the Davis-Bacon Act, as amended (40 U.S.C. The Council shall consist of twelve members, four of whom shall be 276a-276a5). The Secretary of Labor shall have, with respect to physicians engaged in the practice of family medicine, four of whom shall the labor standards specified in this paragraph, the authority and be physicians engaged in the teaching of family medicine, three of whom functions set forth in Reorganization Plan Numbered 14 of 1950 shall be representatives of the general public, and one of whom shall, at the (15 F.R. 3176; 65 Stat. 1267), and section 2 of the Act of June 13, time of his appointment, be an intern in family medicine. Members of the Council shall be individuals who are not otherwise in the regular full-time 1934, as amended (40 U.S.C. 276c). "(b) The Secretary shall not approve any grant to- employ of the United States. "(1) a school of medicine to establish or operate a separate depart- "(b) (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), each member of the ment devoted to the teaching of family medicine unless the Secretary Council shall hold office for a term of four years, except that any member is satisfied that- appointed to fill a vacancy prior to the expiration of the term for which his "(A) such department is (or will be, when established) of predecessor was appointed shall be appointed for the remainder of such equal standing with the other departments within such school term, and except that the terms of office of the members first taking office which are devoted to the teaching of other medical specialty shall expire, as designated by the Secretary at the time of appointment, disciplines; and three at the end of the first year, three at the end of the second year, three at "(B) such department will, in terms of the subjects offered the end of the third year, and three at the end of the fourth year, after the and the type and quality of instruction provided, be designed to date of appointment. prepare students thereof to meet the standards established for "(2) The member of the Council appointed as an intern in family specialists in the specialty of family practice by a recognized medicine shall serve for one year. body approved by the Commissioner of Education; or "(3) A member of the Council shall not be eligible to serve continuously "(2) a hospital to establish or operate a special program for medi- for more than two terms. cal students, interns, or residents in the field of family medicine unless "(c) Members of the Council shall be appointed by the Secretary without the Secretary is satisfied that such program will, in terms of the type regard to the provisions of title 5, United States Code, governing appoint- of training provided, be designed to prepare participants therein to ments in the competitive service. Members of the Council, while attending meet the standards established for specialists in the field of family meetings or conferences thereof or otherwise serving on business of the medicine by a recognized body approved by the Commissioner of Council, shall be entitled to receive compensation at rates fixed by the Education. Secretary, but not exceeding $100 per day, including traveltime, and while "(c) The Secretary shall not approve any grant under this part unless 80 serving away from their homes or regular places of business they may be the applicant therefor provides assurances satisfactory to the Secretary allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, as that funds made available through such grant will be 80 used as to supple- authorized by section 5703 of title 5, United States Code, for persons in ment and, to the extent practical, increase the level of non-Federal Government service, employed intermittently. funds which would, in the absence of such grant, be made available for "(d) The Council shall advise and assist the Secretary in the preparation of regulations for, and as to policy matters arising with respect to, the the purpose for which such grant is requested. administration of this part. The Council shall consider all applications "PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENTAL GRANTS for grants under this part and shall make recommendations to the Secretary "SEC. 766. (a) For the purpose of assisting medical schools and hospitals (referred to in section 761) to plan or develop programs or proj- ects for the purpose of carrying out one or more of the purposes set forth H. Rept. 91-1668 H. Rept. 91-1668 6 7 with respect to approval of applications for, and of the amount of, grants and promote the training of medical and paramedical personnel in the under this part. field of family medicine and to provide for a study relating to causes and "DEFINITIONS treatment of malnutrition. And the House agree to the same. "SEC. 768. For purposes of this part- HARLEY O. STAGGERS, "(1) the term 'nonprofit' as applied to any hospital or school of JOHN JARMAN, medicine means a school of medicine or hospital which is owned and PAUL G. ROGERS, operated by one or more nonprofit corporations or associations, no TIM LEE CARTER, part of the net earnings of which inures, or may lawfully inure, to JAMES F. HASTINGS, the benefit of any private shareholder or individual; Managers on the Part of the House. "(2) the term 'family medicine' means those certain principles and RALPH W. Yarborough, techniques and that certain body of medical, scientific, administrative, HARRISON A. Williams, and other knowledge and training, which especially equip and prepare EDWARD M. KENNEDY, a physician to engage in the practice of family medicine; GAYLORD NELSON, "(3) the term 'practice of family medicine' and the term 'practice', THOMAS F. EAGLETON, when used in connection with the term 'family medicine', mean the practice ALAN CRANSTON, of medicine by a physician (licensed to practice medicine and surgery by HAROLD E. HUGHES, the State in which he practices his profession) who specializes in providing PETER H. DOMINICK, to families (and members thereof) comprehensive, continuing, professional JACOB K. Javits, care and treatment of the type necessary or appropriate for their general GEORGE MURPHY, health maintenance; and WINSTON PROUTY, "(4) the term 'construction' includes construction of new buildings, WILLIAM SAXBE, acquisition, expansion, remodeling, and alteration of existing buildings Managers on the Part of the Senate. and initial equipment of any such buildings, including architects' fees, but excluding the cost of acquisition of lands or offsite improvements." TITLE II-MALNUTRITION SEC. 201. (a) The Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare shall conduct a study, in cooperation with schools training health professional manpower, of the feasibility and desirability of establishing at such schools courses dealing with nutrition and problems related to mal- nutrition, and of establishing research programs and pilot projects in the field of nutrition and problems of malnutrition. (b) The Secretary is authorized to make grants to health professional schools, in connection with the study provided for by subsection (a), for the planning of programs at such schools, and for the conduct of pilot projects at such schools, to assist such schools in the establishment of courses dealing with nutrition and problems related to malnutrition. (c) The Secretary shall report to the President and to Congress by July 1, 1972, the results of such study, together with such recommendations as he deems advisable. (d) There is authorized to be appropriated $5,000,000 to carry out the purposes of this section. And the House agree to the same. That the Senate recede from its disagreement to the amendment of the House to the title of the bill and agree to the same with an amend- ment as follows: Amend the title SO as to read: An Act to amend the Public Health Service Act to provide for the making of grants to medical schools and hospitals to assist them in establishing special departments and programs in the field of family practice, and otherwise to encourage H. Rept. 91-1668 H. Rept. 91-1668 9 The House amendment contained no comparable provision. The conference substitute authorizes the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare to conduct a study, in cooperation with health profes- sional manpower schools of the feasibility and desirability of establish- ing courses at such schools in the fields of nutrition and problems STATEMENT OF THE MANAGERS ON THE PART OF THE relating to malnutrition. $5,000,000 is authorized for such grants, and HOUSE for planning of programs and pilot projects, with a report being required to the President and to the Congress before July 1, 1972, The managers on the part of the House at the conference on the together with such recommendations as the Secretary deems advisable. disagreeing votes of the two House on the amendments of the House HARLEY O. STAGGERS, to the bill (S. 3418) to amend the Public Health Service Act to pro- JOHN JARMAN, vide for the making of grants to medical schools and hospitals to PAUL G. ROGERS, assist them in establishing special departments and programs in the TIM LEE CARTER, field of family practice, and otherwise to encourage and promote the JAMES F. HASTINGS, training of medical and paramedical personnel in the field of family Managers on the Part of the House. medicine, and to alleviate the effects of malnutrition, and to provide for the establishment of a National Information and Resource Center O for the Handicapped, submit the following statement in explanation of the effect of the action agreed upon by the conferees and recom- mended in the accompanying conference report: The House amendment struck out all after the enacting clause of the Senate bill and substituted a new text. The conference agreement is a substitute for both the text of the Senate bill and the House amend- ment. Except for technical, clerical, clarifying, and conforming changes, the differences between the House amendment and the conference substitute are as follows: The Senate bill provided specific authority for programs of con- tinuing education in the field of family medicine, and the conference substitute is the same in this regard as the text of the Senate bill. The Senate bill authorized a five-year program, at total authoriza- tions of $425,000,000, and the House amendment was limited to three years, at a total authorization of $225,000,000. The conference sub- stitute is the same in this regard as the House amendment. The Senate bill authorized not to exceed $10,000,000 for any fiscal year for planning and developmental grants for the purpose of assisting medical schools and hospitals to plan or develop programs or projects for the purposes of carrying out training in the field of family medicine. The House amendment limited the sums to $5,000,000 a year, and did not specifically cover developmental grants. The conference substitute authorizes $8,000,000 for planning and developmental grants. The purpose of these grants is to assist medical schools and hospitals in actually getting programs and projects under- way, and is intended to expedite the development of programs at schools and hospitals for the training of family physicians. The Senate bill contained a provision authorizing grants and con- tracts to universities, medical schools, graduate schools, hospitals, laboratories, and other public or private institutions, and individuals for research into malnutrition. This provision also authorized the establishment of courses at medical schools, graduate schools, and nursing schools in malnutrition, and would have authorized fellow- ships and other financial assistance to students in this area. (8) H. Rept. 91-1668 H. Rept. 91-1668 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY WASHINGTON DEC 15 1970 Honorable George P. Shultz Director, Office of Management and Budget GERALD FORD LIBRARY Washington, D. C. 20503 Dear Mr. Shultz: This is in response to your request for my views on S. 3418, an enrolled bill, "To amend the Public Health Service Act to provide for the making of grants to medical schools and hospitals to assist them in establishing special departments and programs in the field of family practice, and otherwise to encourage and promote the training of medical and para- medical personnel in the field of family medicine and to provide for a study relating to causes and treatment of malnutrition.' I have no objection to the President taking favorable action on this enrolled bill. Sincerely, ZoHoogson 0 EDUCATION PREMIUM AND HEALTH DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION. AND WELFARE U.S.A. R.FORD DEC 17 1970 Honorable George P. Shultz Director, Office of Management GERALD LIBRARY and Budget Washington, D. C. 20503 Dear Mr. Shultz: This is in response to Mr. Rommel's request of December 14, 1970, for our recommendations on enrolled bill S. 3418 "To amend the Public Health Service Act to provide for the making of grants to medical schools and hospitals to assist them in establishing special departments and programs in the field of family practice, and otherwise to encourage and promote the training of medical and paramedical personnel in the field of family medicine and to provide for a study relating to causes and treatment of malnutrition." The bill would authorize a new three-year program, beginning in the current fiscal year, of grants (1) to medical schools to operate departments devoted to instruction in family practice; to conduct special training programs for paramedical personnel in the field of family medicine; to conduct training programs to prepare medical school personnel to head departments of family practice and to train medical school teachers of family practice; and for the construction of facilities for training in family medicine; and (2) to hospitals to train medical students, interns, residents, or practicing physicians in family medicine; to provide their students of family medicine with scholarships, fellowships, or stipends to the extent of their need; to operate programs to train para- medical personnel in the field; and to construct family medicine training facilities. Grants would be authorized only upon the recommendation of an Advisory Council on Family Medicine established by the bill. Authorizations for these purposes are set at $50 million for fiscal year 1971, $75 million for fiscal year 1972, and $100 million for fiscal year 1973. Up to $8 million of the sums appropriated may be granted to medical schools and hospitals, in each of these fiscal years, to plan or develop programs or projects to carry out one or more of the bill's purposes. The bill also authorizes a separate $5 million appropriation for a study of the feasibility of establishing, at schools training health professional manpower, courses dealing with nutrition and problems related to malnutrition, and for planning and pilot project grants in connection with that study. In the Department's report on this bill to the Senate Committee on Labor and Public Welfare, which was cleared by your Office, we cited Page 2 - Honorable George P. Shultz the Health Professions Educational Assistance program, the Allied Health Professions Personnel Training authority, and the Hill-Burton medical facilities construction program as currently existing legislative authorities under which we may now support activities related to the field of family medicine. Apart from the duplication of authority that S. 3418 would therefore entail, it was our judgment that, because the concept of family medicine was still evolving, activities in the field were best aided under existing programs, such as those contained in the Health Professions Educational Assistance Act, in which our authority was broad and flexible. This would permit the support of alternative approaches in the training of health professions personnel to provide comprehensive and continuing care to individuals and families, and would allow aid for training in family medicine to be provided in conjunction with aid directed toward other purposes, such as expansion of medical school enrollment. Although our earlier report recommended that action on S. 3418 be deferred until we had completed the development of recommendations on the Health Professions Educational Assistance Act (currently being prepared as part of a broader departmental health options study), it nevertheless "strongly oppose[d] the enactment of another categorical grant authority which would duplicate authorities or mechanisms already existing to achieve the purpose of this legislation." We continue to believe that our position on the bill is sound. We therefore recommend that the bill be disapproved. If, as may be the case, the Congress is to adjourn within ten days (Sundays excepted) of the day upon which the bill was presented to the President, we propose that the President not sign the bill, in which case it will, of course, fail to become law. Should the Congress not so adjourn, we recognize that there is considerable likelihood that a veto will be overridden. (The bill passed the Senate by a vote of 64 to 1, and a similar bill passed the House by a vote of 346 to 2. The Conference report was agreed to in both bodies without objection.) Nevertheless, we would find any course other than disapproval difficult to reconcile with our consistently expressed opposition to the proposal, both in the House and in the Senate, and with this Administration's strong opposition to further proliferation of categorical grant programs. A draft Memorandum of Disapproval is included for your use. Sincerely, GERALD FORD LIBRARY Secretary Enclosure FORD MEMORANDUM OF DISAPPROVAL GERALD LIBRARY I have withheld my approval of S. 3418, entitled "An Act to amend the Public Health Service Act to provide for the making of grants to medical schools and hospitals to assist them in establishing special departments and programs in the field of family practice, and otherwise to encourage and promote the training of medical and paramedical personnel in the field of family medicine and to provide for a study relating to causes and treatment of malnutrition." I take this action with regret because the principal purpose of the bill--to strengthen the practice of family medicine--is one which I would be pleased to see achieved. However, S. 3418 duplicates currently existing legislative authorities directed at the same purpose--the Health Professions Educational Assistance program, the Allied Health Professions Personnel Training authority, and the Hill- Burton medical facilities construction program. The concept of family medicine is still evolving. Activities in the field are best aided under these existing programs, particularly those contained in the Health Professions Educational Assistance Act, in which the authority of the Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare is broad and flexible. For example, the instant bill would lay stress on the establishment, by medical school grantees, of separate and distinct departments devoted to the teaching of family practice. Current law, in contrast, permits the support of alternative approaches in the training of health professions personnel to provide comprehensive and continuing care to individuals and families. Moreover, current law would allow aid for training in family medicine to be provided in conjunction with aid directed toward other purposes, such as expansion of medical school enrollment. Given the authorization levels of the bill, which are in excess of budget projections for adequate Federal support of the activities encompassed, the contrary approaches of S. 3418 and existing law would compete with each other for limited funds. Beyond these considerations, I again call to the attention of the Congress the increasingly chaotic and unmanageable grant-in-aid system of the national government. The proliferation of narrowly categorical grant programs runs counter to the need for grant simplification and consolidation. S. 3418 furthers this proliferation. Finally, I again remind the Congress that enactment of new legislative authorities, and authorization of new appropriations, by themselves accomplish nothing. It takes the appropriation of funds and the efficient and effective administration of legislation to accomplish the objectives. In times of stringent fiscal constraints, the enactment of such authorities and the authorization of such appro- priations which largely duplicate existing, broader, authorities can only serve to create expectations which cannot be realized, in addition to confusing and complicating administration. It is for these reasons that I have withheld my approval of this enrolled bill. EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY WASHINGTON, D.C. 20506 17 December 1970 FORD MEMORANDUM FOR GERALD LIBRARY Wilfred H. Rommel Assistant Director for Legislative Reference Office of Management and Budget Subject: S. 3418, an Act "To amend the Public Health Service Act to provide for the making of grants to medical schools and hospitals to assist them in establishing special departments and programs in the field of family practice, and otherwise to encourage and promote the training of medical and paramedical personnel in the field of family medicine and to provide for a study relating to causes and treatment of malnutrition." This Act provides funds to establish departments of family medicine in medical schools. "Family medicine" is defined as "those certain principles and techniques and the body of medical, scientific, administrative, and other knowledge and training which especially equip and prepare a physician to engage in the practice of family medicine. 11 The practice of family medicine is defined as "the practice of medicine by a physician who specializes in providing to families (and members thereof) comprehensive, continuing, professional care and treatment of the type necessary or appropriate for their general health maintenance. " This office recommends that S. 3418 be vetoed. In considering the nature of medical practice in the United States, a panel of the President's Science Advisory Committee (Panel on Biological and Medical Science) made the following comments: "In our estimation the need for emphasis on the production of a large corps of "primary physicians" has not been demonstrated at this time and it is unrealistic to make this a major goal of medical education. It is, therefore, the opinion of this panel -2- that current government planning and financial support for medical education should not imply an obligation or commitment to the production of a specific type of general physician such as that described by Millis and his colleagues. Research into methods for delivery of health care and for the utilization of different types of physicians and other health professionals should be encouraged. FORD & In attacking the complex problems of reorganization GERALD LIBRARY of our health care delivery system, we must avoid the mistake of seizing on attractive panaceas such as the concept of the "primary physician" in the absence of evidence of effectiveness or relevance. " The purpose of S. 3418 is to develop our national capacity to provide primary medical care to the inhabitants of this country. Despite the emotional appeal of the concept of family medicine, reasoned analyses of this problem have indicated that physicians in the broad specialties of medicine, namely internal medicine and pediatrics, will become the primary physicians of the future. It is felt that physicians of this type, working in the framework of group practice such as is envisioned in the concept of health maintenance organizations (an Administration initiative) would provide a higher level of family medicine than would the type of primary physician who would be generated by S. 3418. Since there is room for debate on the nature of the primary physician needed for the future, it seems inappropriate for the Federal Government to institutionalize a particular approach, especially when that approach has not yet been evaluated and demonstrated to be effective. Moreover, the philosophy underlying S. 3418 seems to depend on solo practice of medicine and it appears to be the policy of the Administration that the Federal Government will encourage the development of more efficient forms of practice such as health maintenance organizations. In summary, because the effectiveness of the type of practitioner that will be produced under S. 3418 has not been evaluated and demonstrated, because S. 3418 would institutionalize -3- the family medicine approach and give it the endorsement of the Federal Government, and because S. 3418 constitutes a major intervention by the Federal Government in determining the kind of practitioner that will be available in abundance in the future, we recommend that the Act be vetoed. It would be better to direct funds to the medical schools in a manner that would allow them to determine whether indeed departments of family medicine will be important to the country in the years ahead, and to examine other options for providing primary care to families. GERALD FORD LIBRARY Edward E. David, Jr. Director STATES DEPARTMENTOR DEPARTMENT GRICULTURE DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY WASHINGTON, D. C. 20250 December 78 1970 Honorable George P. Shultz Director Office of Management and Budget Executive Office Building Washington, D. C. 20503 Dear Mr. Shultz: This is in response to your request for a report on the enrolled bill S. 3418. S. 3418 amends the Public Health Service Act to provide for the making of grants to medical schools and hospitals to assist them in establishing special departments and programs in the field of family practice, and otherwise to encourage and promote the training of medical and paramedical personnel in the field of family medicine, and to alleviate the effects of malnu- trition, and to provide for the establishment of a National Information and Resource Center for the Handicapped. This department has no objections to the President signing this enactment. Sincerely, J. Phil Campbell Under Secretary IDENT alit of GET checking DEC 21 1970 Jastice y Practice of Dear Texas, and 32 Last Day for Action December 25, 1970 - Friday GERALD FORD LIBRARY Purpose Authorizes a three-year program of grants to medical schools and hospitals to assist them in establishing special departments and programs to encourage training of personnel in the field of family practice; provides for a study of malnutrition. Agency Recommendations Office of Management and Budget Disapproval (Veto message attached) Department of Health, Education, and Welfare Disapproval (Memorandum of disapproval attached) Office of Science and Technology Disapproval Department of Labor No objection Department of Agriculture No objection Description of the Bill S. 3418 originated in the Congress and passed both Houses with overwhelming majorities, despite Administration opposition. Its main objective is to have the Federal Government provide targeted funds for planning and operat- ing programs, construction, and student assistance designed to increase the number of medical personnel in the field of family practice. THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON December 22, 1970 MEMORANDUM FOR THE STAFF SECRETARY FROM: EDWARD L. MORGAN SUBJECT: Enrolled Bill S-3418 -- Family Practice of Medicine LOG NO. 4489 I recommend disapproval of this bill for all of the reasons set forth by OMB, HEW and OST. My only reservation about the draft veto message is the reference in the fifth paragraph, "The medical profession is itself divided as to how best to organize and train personnel 11 They may well divide over our proposals next year, so perhaps we ought to soften that reference. GERALD R. LIBRARY FORD THE WHITE HOUSE ACTION MEMORANDUM WASHINGTON LOG NO.: 4489 Date: December 22, 1970 Time: 10:30 a.m. FOR ACTION: E. Morgan CC (for information): B. Timmons K. KeogH8/22 FROM THE STAFF SECRETARY DUE: Date: December 22, 1970 Time: 5:00 P. M. SUBJECT: Enrolled Bill S. 3418 Family Practice of Medicine. FORD i LIBRARY ACTION REQUESTED: For Necessary Action X For Your Recommendations Prepare Agenda and Brief Draft Reply For Your Comments Draft Remarks REMARKS: Do you recommend approval or disiapproval of this bill? If you recommend disapproval please comment on the veto message attached at Tab A. Mr. Keogh: Please approve or revise the veto message at Tab A. PLEASE ATTACH THIS COPY TO MATERIAL SUBMITTED. If you have any questions or if you anticipate a delay in submitting the required material, please K. R. COLE, JR. telephone the Staff Secretary immediately. For the President THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON December 23, 1970 ACTION White House log. #4489 MEMORANDUM FOR: FORD i LIBRARY GERALD THE STAFF SECRETARY FROM: WILLIAM E. TIMMONS E SUBJECT: Enrolled Bill S. 3418 Family Practice of Medicine I recommend disapproval of this bill by a pocket veto during the current recess of the Congress. Although Congress is on record as having overwhelmingly approved S. 3418 (by a Senate vote of 64 to 1 on September 14, 1970 and a House vote of 346 to 2 on December 1, 1970), the President has subsequently made clear his intention to propose to the next Congress new initiatives aimed at attacking health problems on a comprehensive basis. In view of this stated intention and the impossibility of a veto override vote, I believe the President can safely disapprove this bill through a pocket veto and protect his health image through the issuance of a statement - - not a veto message -- similar to that attached in Tab A. ASSISTANT ATTORNEY GENERAL Department of Justice GERALD FORD LIBRARY Mashington, D.C. 20530 December 23, 1970 MEMORANDUM FOR THE HONORABLE JOHN W. DEAN, III Counsel to the President Re: Availability of Pocket Veto During Current Adjournment of Congress. You have inquired as to whether or not the President may "pocket veto" a bill passed during the session of Congress which was adjourned on Tuesday, December 22, 1970. Article I, section 2, clause 2 of the Constitution provides for two methods by which the President may make effective his disapproval of a bill: (1) By returning it within the defined ten-day period with his objections "to the House in which it originated"; (2) When the "Congress by their adjournment pre- vent its [the bill's] return" within the ten-day period, by simply failing to sign it. The second method described above is traditionally referred to as a "pocket veto". In the Pocket Veto Case, 279 U.S. 655, the Supreme Court held that the "adjournment" referred to in the Consti- tution was not only the sine die adjournment of a Congress, but included also adjournments within a session. The Court there decided that if, upon the expiration of the ten-day period granted the President by the Constitution to con- sider a bill, Congress had adjourned so that the House in which the bill had originated was not sitting and available to receive the returned bill, the President's withholding his signature had the effect of vetoing the law, rather than the effect of its becoming law without his signature. - 2 - The later case of Wright V. United States, 302 U.S. 583, while troublesome in different situations than this, does not impinge in any way on the validity of the Pocket Veto Case reasoning as applied to the situation now confronting the President. In that case, a majority of the Court held that where only one House had adjourned, and the adjournment of that House was for a period of only three days, "Congress" as that term is used in the Constitutional provision had not adjourned, and therefore a pocket veto would not be available to the President. Since in this case, both Houses have adjourned, and the final day for the President's consideration falls during the adjournment, the conditions of the Pocket Veto Case are met; since the adjournment is for longer than three days, and is not merely an adjournment of one House, the negative implications of the Wright case suggest no reason why the pocket veto would not be available in this situation. The resolution of adjournment passed by both Houses of Congress on December 22, 1970, and found in the Congres- sional Record for that date at page S. 21119, contains nothing more than the bare bones of an adjournment resolution. It does not provide, as previous adjournment resolutions have, that officials of the two Houses shall be authorized to receive communications and messages from the President during the adjournment. While, in my opinion, in light of the language in the Pocket Veto Case, such additional language would not deny to the President the right to use the pocket veto if otherwise available to him, those who would argue otherwise would be deprived of at least this argument during the present adjournment. GERALD FORD LIBRARY William H. Rehnquist Assistant Attorney General Office of Legal Counsel 2. life. MO KET OF VETO 12/24/170 1° int THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON SSUED BATED 12/26 December 23, 1970 ACTION MEMORANDUM FOR: THE PRESIDENT BERALD FUND LIBRARY FROM: JOHN EHRLICHM SUBJECT: Disapproval of Enrolled Bill S. 3418 Family Practice of Medicine S. 3418 authorizes a three-year program of grants to medical schools and hospitals to assist them in establishing special departments and programs to encourage training of personnel in the field of family practice. The bill also provides for a study of malnutrition. S. 3418 originated in the Congress and passed both Houses with overwhelming majorities, despite Administration opposition. Disapproval of this bill is recommended for the following reasons. First, this Administration strongly opposes further proliferation of categorical grant programs. This bill provides for a new and duplicatory health manpower grant program which is undesirable. Second, the effectiveness of the family medicine practitioner has not been evaluated and demonstrated yet this bill would institutionalize the family medicine approach and give it the Federal government's endorsement. The government should not be in the position of legislating the internal structure of medical schools. Disapproval of S. 3418 is recommended by the Office of Management and Budget, the Office of Science and Technology, HEW, Ed Morgan and Bill Timmons. Jim Keogh has revised the Memorandum of Disapproval. RECOMMENDATION That you pocket veto S. 3418 and sign the Memorandum of Disapproval attached at Tab A. some m GERALD LIBRARY P. FORD r THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON JOHN, Decision been made T° pocket veto INSTEAD of Regularveto Bobbié FURO is LIBRARY GERALD JOHN, Please Note- Babbie THE WHITE HOUSE THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON WASHINGTON TOD, Ken, BRUCE whel,haw called BRuce whal,tian called Tchegron IN support of Telegray in support To say Sen muskie Sent To SeN. muskie of SeNT of S. 3418 (Family PRACTICE of S. MEDICINE). 3418 Family If practice SHOULD MEDICINE). that should change JOHN BROWN , call A.M.He change BROWN in anything, A.M. call He JOHN has memo to PRESIDENT has memo t. PRESIDENT Recommending pocket Bubbie VeTor RecommenDing packet Bobbie VeTo' FORD i LIBRARY 9ERALD MEMORANDUM OF DISAPPROVAL 1 I am witholding my signature from S. 3418, a bill designed to promote training in family medicine. The authority provided in this bill is un- necessary and represents the wrong approach to the solution of the nation's health problems. In my press conference on December 10, I stated that a health program will be one of the highest priority proposals I will submit to the Congress next year. We will propose a broad pattern of reforms to deal with the nation's health problems and needs on a systematic and comprehensive basis. In contrast, the piecemeal bill I am rejecting today simply continues the traditional approach of adding more programs to the almost unmanageable current structure of Federal Government health efforts. The Federal Government already has at least four programs on the books that provide funds which can be used to promote the training of family medicine practitioners. Moreover, the entire concept of American medicine is in an evolutionary stage. There are differing opinions on how best to organize and train personnel to provide comprehensive and con- tinuing care to individuals and families. Under these circumstances, I do not believe it wise to place heavy emphasis on the establishment of separate departments of family medicine in medical schools, as S. 3418 would do. This is only one -- and not necessarily the most efficient -- method of achieving our national health care objectives, and should not be fixed in law. GERALD LISBERT FORD THE WHITE HOUSE, FORD' is LIBRARY 076830 TO THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES: I am returning without approval S. 3418, a bill designed to promote training in family medicine. The authority provided in this bill is unnecessary and represents the wrong approach to the solution of the nation's health problems. In my press conference on December 10, I stated that a health program will be one of the highest priority proposals I will submit to the Congress next year. We will propose a broad pattern of reforms to deal with the nation's health problems and needs on a systematic and comprehensive basis. In contrast, the piecemeal bill I am rejecting today simply continues the traditional approach of adding more programs to the almost unmanageable current structure of Federal Government health efforts. The Federal Government already has at least four programs on the books that provide funds which can be used to promote the training of family medicine practitioners. Moreover, the entire concept of American medicine is in an evolutionary stage. There are differing opinions on how best to organize and train personnel to provide comprehensive and con- tinuing care to individuals and families. Under these circumstances, I do not believe it wise to place heavy emphasis on the establishment of separate departments of family medicine in medical schools, as S. 3418 would do. This is only one -- and not necessarily the most efficient method of achieving our national health care objectives, and should not be fixed in law. THE WHITE HOUSE, MEMORANDUM OF DISAPPROVAL BERALD FORD VIBRARY J. am withholding my signature from S. 3418, a bill designed to promote training in family medicine. The authority provided in this bill is un- necessary and represents the wrong approach to the solution of the nation's health problems. In my press conference on December 10, I stated that a health program will be one of the highest priority proposals I will submit to the Congress next year. We will propose a broad pattern of reforms to deal with the nation's health problems and needs on a systematic and comprehensive basis. In contrast, the piecemeal bill I am rejecting today simply continues the traditional approach of adding more programs to the almost unmanageable current structure of Federal Government health efforts. The Federal Government already has at least four programs on the books that provide funds which can be used to promote the training of family medicine practitioners. Moreover, the entire concept of American medicine is in an evolutionary stage. There are differing opinions on how best to organize and train personnel to provide comprehensive and con- tinuing care to individuals and families. Under these circumstances, I do not believe it wise to place heavy emphasis on the establishment of separate departments of family medicine in medical schools, as S. 3418 would do. This is only one -- and not necessarily the most efficient -- method of achieving our national health care objectives, and should not be fixed in law. Richt Ne: THE WHITE HOUSE, December 24, 1970. [ THE SENATE JK I am witholding returning without my approval S. 3418, a bill SigNature FRom Signature FROM designed to promote training in family medicine. I take this action because the authority provided in this bill is unnecessary and represents the wrong approach to the solution of the nation's health problems. In my press conference on December 10, I stated that a health program will be one of the highest priority proposal programs I will submit to the Congress next year. We will propose a broad pattern/ program of reforms which deal with to the nation's health problems and needs on a systematic and comprehensive basis. In contrast, the piecemeal bill I am rejecting today simply continues the traditional approach of adding more programs to the almost unmanage- able current structure of Federal Government health efforts. FORD LIBRARY is 9ERALD programs The Federal Government already has at least four programs on the books that provide funds which can be used to promote the training of family medicine practitioners. Moreover, the entire concept of American medicine There are differing opinions is in an evolutionary stage. The medical profession is ON itself divided as to how best to organize and train personnel to provide comprehensive and continuing care to individuals and families. Under these circumstances, I do not believe it wise to place heavy emphasis on the establishment of separate departments of family medicine 2 in medical schools, as S. 3418 would do. This is only one -- and not necessarily the most efficient -- method of achieving our national health care objectives, and should not be fixed in law. GERALD FORD LIBRARY THE WHITE HOUSE December , 1970 Public Law 91-696 91st Congress, S. 3418 December 25, 1970 An Act To amend the Public Health Service Act to provide for the making of grants to medical schools and hospitals to assist them in establishing special depart- ments and programs in the field of family practice, and otherwise to encourage and promote the training of medical and paramedical personnel in the field of family medicine and to provide for a study relating to causes and treatment of malnutrition. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, Family medicíne; TITLE I-FAMILY MEDICINE malnutri- tion. Sec. 101. Part D of title VII of the Public Health Service Act is amended to read as follows: "PART D-GRANTS To PROVIDE PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL TRAINING IN THE FIELD OF FAMILY MEDICINE "DECLARATION OF PURPOSE "SEC. 761. It is the purpose of this part to provide for the making of 42 USC 295. grants to assist- "(1) public and private nonprofit medical schools- '(A) to operate, as an integral part of their medical edu- cation program, separate and distinct departments devoted to providing teaching and instruction (including continuing education) in all phases of family practice; FORD "(B) to construct such facilities as may be appropriate to carry out a program of training in the field of family med- icine whether as a part of a medical school or as separate out- patient or similar facility; GERALD LIBRARY "(C) to operate, or participate in, special training pro- grams for paramedical personnel in the field of family medicine; and "(D) to operate, or participate in, special training pro- grams to teach and train medical personnel to head depart- ments of family practice or otherwise teach family practice in medical schools; and "(2) public and private nonprofit hospitals which provide training programs for medical students, interns, or residents— (A) to operate, as an integral part of their medical train- ing programs, special professional training programs (including continuing education) in the field of family medi- cine for medical students, interns, residents, or practicing physicians; (B) to construct such facilities as may be appropriate to carry out a program of training in the field of family med- icine whether as a part of a hospital or as a separate out- patient or similar facility; "(C) to provide financial assistance (in the form of schol- arships, fellowships, or stipends) to interns, residents, or other medical personnel who are in need thereof, who are participants in a program of such hospital which provides special training (accredited by a recognized body or bodies approved for such purpose by the Commissioner of Educa- tion) in the field of family medicine, and who plan to spe- cialize or work in the practice of family medicine; and 84 STAT. 2080-1 Pub. Law 91-696 - 2 - December 25, 1970 December 25, 1970 - 3 - Pub. Law 91-696 "(D) to operate, or participate in, special training pro- following the normal graduation date of students who are in their medicine. grams for paramedical personnel in the field of family first year of instruction at such school during the fiscal year in which the Secretary makes a final determination as to approval of "AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS the application. (b) In order for any hospital to be eligible for a grant under this 42 USC 295a. "SEC. 762. (a) For the purpose of making grants to carry out the part, such hospital- purposes of this part, there are authorized to be appropriated "(1) must be a public or private nonprofit hospital; and $50,000,000 for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1971, $75,000,000 for the "(2) must conduct or be prepared to conduct in connection with fiscal year ending June 30, 1972, and $100,000,000 for the fiscal year its other activities (whether or not as an affiliate of a school of ending June 30, 1973. medicine) one or more programs of medical training for medical "(b) Sums appropriated pursuant to subsection (a) for any fiscal students, interns, or residents, which is accredited by a recognized year shall remain available for the purpose for which appropriated body or bodies, approved for such purpose by the Commissioner until the close of the fiscal year which immediately follows such year. of Education. "APPROVAL OF GRANTS "GRANTS BY SECRETARY "SEC. 765. (a) The Secretary, upon the recommendation of the 42 USC 295d, 42 USC 295b. "SEC. 763. (a) From the sums appropriated pursuant to section Advisory Council on Family Medicine, is authorized to make grants 762, the Secretary is authorized to make grants, in accordance with under this part upon the determination that- the provisions of this part, to carry out the purposes of section 761. "(1) the applicant meets the eligibility requirements set forth in Applications, (b) No grant shall be made under this part unless an application section 764; Publication therefor has been submitted to, and approved by, the Secretary. Such "(2) the applicant has complied with the requirements of section in Federal Register. application shall be in such form, submitted in such manner, and con- 763; tain such information, as the Secretary shall have prescribed by reg- "(3) the grant is to be used for one or more of the purposes set ulations which have been promulgated by him and published in the forth in section 761; Federal Register not later than six months after the date of enactment "(4) it contains such information as the Secretary may require of this part. to make the determinations required of him under this section "(c) Grants under this part shall be in such amounts and subject to and such assurances as he may find necessary to carry out the such limitations and conditions as the Secretary may determine to be purposes of this part; proper to carry out the purposes of this part. "(5) it provides for such fiscal control and accounting proced- "(d) In the case of any application for a grant any part of which ures and reports, and access to the records of the applicant, as the Secretary may require (pursuant to regulations which shall Publication is to be used for major construction or remodeling of any facility, the in Federal Secretary shall not approve the part of the grant which is to be so used have been promulgated by him and published in the Federal Reg- Register. unless the recipient of such grant enters into appropriate arrangements ister) to assure proper disbursement of and accounting for all with the Secretary which will equitably protect the financial interests Federal funds paid to the applicant under this part; and of the United States in the event such facility ceases to be used for the "(B) the application contains or is supported by adequate assur- purpose for which such grant or part thereof was made prior to the ance that any laborer or mechanic employed by any contractor expiration of the twenty-year period which commences on the date such or subcontractor in the performance of work on the construction of construction or remodeling is completed. the facility will be paid wages at rates not less than those prevail- "(e) Grants made under this part shall be used only for the pur- ing on similar construction in the locality as determined by the pose for which made and may be paid in advance or by way of reim- Secretary of Labor in accordance with the Davis-Bacon Act, as bursement, and in such installments, as the Secretary may determine. amended (40 U.S.C. 276a-276a5). The Secretary of Labor shall have, with respect to the labor standards specified in this para- "ELIGIBILITY FOR GRANTS graph, the authority and functions set forth in Reorganization Plan Numbered 14 of 1950 (15 F.R. 3176; 65 Stat. 1267), and 5 USC app. 42 USC 295c. "SEC. 764. (a) In order for any medical school to be eligible for a section 2 of the Act of June 13, 1934, as amended (40 U.S.C. 276c). II. grant under this part, such school- (b) The Secretary shall not approve any grant to- "(1) must be a public or other nonprofit school of medicine; and (1) a school of medicine to establish or operate a separate (2) must be accredited as a school of medicine by a recognized department devoted to the teaching of family medicine unless body or bodies approved for such purpose by the Commissioner of the Secretary is satisfied that- Education, except that the requirements of this clause shall be (A) such department is (or will be, when established) of deemed to be satisfied, if (A) in the case of a school of medicine equal standing with the other departments within such school which by reason of no, or an insufficient, period of operation is not, which are devoted to the teaching of other medical specialty at the time of application for a grant under this part, eligible for disciplines; and such accreditation, the Commissioner finds, after consultation with "(B) such department will, in terms of the subjects offered the appropriate accreditation body or bodies, that there is reason- and the type and quality of instruction provided, be designed able assurance that the school will meet the accreditation standards to prepare students thereof to meet the standards established of such body or bodies prior to the beginning of the academic year for specialists in the specialty of family practice by a recog- 84 STAT. 2080-3 84 STAT. 2080-2 Pub. Law 91-696 - 4 - December 25, 1970 December 25, 1970 - 5 - Pub. Law 91-696 nized body approved by the Commissioner of Education; or erning appointments in the competitive service. Members of the Coun- Compensation, "(2) a hospital to establish or operate a special program for cil, while attending meetings and conferences thereof or otherwise medical students, interns, or residents in the field of family medi- serving on business of the Council, shall be entitled to receive com- cine unless the Secretary is satisfied that such program will, in pensation at rates fixed by the Secretary, but not exceeding $100 per terms of the type of training provided, be designed to prepare day, including traveltime, and while so serving away from their homes participants therein to meet the standards established for special- or regular places of business they may be allowed travel expenses, ists in the field of family medicine by a recognized body approved including per diem in lieu of subsistence, as authorized by section 5703 by the Commissioner of Education. of title 5, United States Code, for persons in Government service, "(c) The Secretary shall not approve any grant under this part employed intermittently. unless the applicant therefor provides assurances satisfactory to the "(d) The Council shall advise and assist the Secretary in the prep- Secretary that funds made available through such grant will be so used aration of regulations for, and as to policy matters arising with as to supplement and, to the extent practical, increase the level of non- respect to, the administration of this part. The Council shall consider Federal funds which would, in the absence of such grant, be made all applications for grants under this part and shall make recom- available for the purpose for which such grant is requested. mendations to the Secretary with respect to approval of applications for, and of the amount of, grants under this part. "PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENTAL GRANTS "DEFINITIONS 42 USC 295d-1. "SEC. 766. (a) For the purpose of assisting medical schools and hospitals (referred to in section 761) to plan or develop programs or "SEC. 768. For purposes of this part- 42 USC 295e. projects for the purpose of carrying out one or more of the purposes "(1) the term 'nonprofit' as applied to any hospital or school of set forth in such section, the Secretary is authorized for any fiscal year medicine means a school of medicine or hospital which is owned (prior to the fiscal year which ends June 30, 1973) to make planning and operated by one or more nonprofit corporations or associa- and developmental grants in such amounts and subject to such condi- tions, no part of the net earnings of which inures, or may lawfully tions as the Secretary may determine to be proper to carry out the inure, to the benefit of any private shareholder or individual; purposes of this section. "(2) the term 'family medicine' means those certain principles "(b) From the amounts appropriated in any fiscal year (prior to the and techniques and that certain body of medical, scientific, admin- fiscal year ending June 30, 1973) pursuant to section 762(a), the Secre- istrative, and other knowledge and training, which especially tary may utilize such amounts as he deems necessary (but not in excess equip and prepare a physician to engage in the practice of family of $8,000,000 for any fiscal year) to make the planning and develop- medicine; mental grants authorized by subsection (a). "(3) the term 'practice of family medicine' and the term 'prac- tice', when used in connection with the term 'family medicine', "ADVISORY COUNCIL ON FAMILY MEDICINE mean the practice of medicine by a physician (licensed to practice medicine and surgery by the State in which he practices his pro- 42 USC 295d-2. "SEC. 767. (a) The Secretary shall appoint an Advisory Council on fession) who specializes in providing to families (and members Family Medicine (hereinafter in this section referred to as the 'Coun- thereof) comprehensive, continuing, professional care and treat- Membership. cil'). The Council shall consist of twelve members, four of whom shall ment of the type necessary or appropriate for their general health be physicians engaged in the practice of family medicine, four of whom maintenance; and shall be physicians engaged in the teaching of family medicine, three of "(4) the term 'construction' includes construction of new build- whom shall be representatives of the general public, and one of whom ings, acquisition, expansion, remodeling, and alteration of existing shall, at the time of his appointment, be an intern in family medicine. buildings, and initial equipment of any such buildings, including Members of the Council shall be individuals who are not otherwise in architects' fees, but excluding the cost of acquisition of lands or the regular full-time employ of the United States. Term. offsite improvements." (b) (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), each member of the Council shall hold office for a term of four years, except that any TITLE II-MALNUTRITION member appointed to fill a vacancy prior to the expiration of the term for which his predecessor was appointed shall be appointed for the SEC. 201. (a) The Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare shall Feasibility remainder of such term, and except that the terms of office of the study. members first taking office shall expire, as designated by the Secretary conduct a study, in cooperation with schools training health profes- 42 USC 295 at the time of appointment, three at the end of the first year, three sional manpower, of the feasibility and desirability of establishing at note. at the end of the second year, three at the end of the third year, and such schools courses dealing with nutrition and problems related to three at the end of the fourth year, after the date of appointment. malnutrition, and of establishing research programs and pilot projects '(2) The member of the Council appointed as an intern in family in the field of nutrition and problems of malnutrition. (b) The Secretary is authorized to make grants to health profes- Grants, medicine shall serve for one year. "(3) A member of the Council shall not be eligible to serve contin- sional schools, in connection with the study provided for by subsec- uously for more than two terms. tion (a), for the planning of programs at such schools, and for the "(c) Members of the Council shall be appointed by the Secretary conduct of pilot projects at such schools, to assist such schools in the $ USC 101 et without regard to the provisions of title 5, United States Code, gov- establishment of courses dealing with nutrition and problems related to malnutrition. seq. 84 STAT. 2080-4 84 STAT. 2080-5 Pub. Law 91-696 - 6 - December 25, 1970 Report to (c) The Secretary shall report to the President and to Congress by. President and Congress. July 1, 1972, the results of such study, together with such recommenda- tions as he deems advisable. Appropriation. (d) There is authorized to be appropriated $5,000,000 to carry out the purposes of this section. [Note by the Office of the Federal Register.-The foregoing Act, having been presented to the President of the United States on Monday, December 14, 1970, for his approval and not having been returned by him to the House of Congress in which it originated within the time prescribed by the Constitution of the United States, has become a law without his approval on December 25, 1970, in accordance with the decision of the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit, Kennedy v. Sampson, et al., Nos. 73-2121 and 2122(D.C. Cir., Aug. 14, 1974).] LEGISLATIVE HISTORY: HOUSE REPORTS: No. 91 1601 accompanying H.R. 19599 (Comm. on Interstate and Foreign Commerce) and No. 91 1668 (Comm. of Conference). SENATE REPORT No. 91 1071 (Comm. on Labor and Public Welfare). CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, Vol. 116 (1970): Sept. 14, considered and passed Senate, Dec. 1, considered and passed House, amended, in lieu of H.R. 19599. Dec. 8, House agreed to conference report. Dec. 10, Senate agreed to conference report, WEEKLY COMPILATION OF PRESIDENTIAL DOCUMENTS, Vol. 6, No. 52: Dec. 24, 1970, President's memorandum of disapproval. Kennedy V. Sampson, et al, Nos. 73-2121 and 2122 (D. C. Cir., Aug. 14, 1974). 84 STAT. 2080-6 amormed 12/16/70 FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE DECEMBER 26, 1970 Office of the White House Press Secretary THE WHITE HOUSE GERALD R.FORD LIBRARY MEMORANDUM OF DISAPPROVAL I am withholding my signature from S. 3418, a bill designed to promote training in family medicine. The authority provided in this bill is unnecessary and represents the wrong approach to the solution of the nation's health problems. In my press conference on December 10, I stated that a health program will be one of the highest priority proposals I will submit to the Congress next year. We will propose a broad pattern of reforms to deal with the nation's health problems and needs on a systematic and comprehensive basis. In contrast, the piecemeal bill I am rejecting today simply continues the traditional approach of adding more programs to the almost unmanageable current structure of Federal Government health efforts. The Federal Government already has at least four programs on the books that provide funds which can be used to promote the training of family medicine practitioners. Moreover, the ontire concept of American medicine is in an evolutionary stage, There are differing opinions on how best to organize and train personnel to provide comprehensive and continuing care to individuals and families. Under these circumstances, I do mt believe it wise to place heavy emphasis on the establishment of separate departments of family medicine in medical schools, as S. 3418 would do. This is only one -- and not necessarily the most efficient -- method of achieving our national health care objectives, and should not be fixed in law. /S/ RICHARD NIXON The White House December 24, 1970 # # # Number Received Referred Returned Action Filed with Announced Number of Archives Law POCKET VETO Budget eff. Midnight S. 3418, 12/14/70 12/14/70 12/21/70 12/25/70 16-80225-1 GPO S. 3418, An Act to amend the Public Health Service Act to provide for the making of grants to medical schools and hospitals to assist them in establishing special departments and programs in the field of family practice, and otherwise to encourage and promote the training of medical and paramedical personnel in the field of family medicine and to provide for a study relating to causes and treatment of malnutrition. MEMORANDUM OF DISAPPROVAL (Dated: 12/24/70) ISSUED : 12/26/70 FORD j LIBRARY GERALD 91-2 FOR THE RECORD: it the time of this pocket veto the Senate was in recess from December 22, 1970 to December 28, 1970. This is the only example found in which a bill was bocket vetoed while a house of Congress was gone for only a short period of time. FORD & LIBRARY GERALD GERALD FORD LIBRAR, Number Received Referred Returned Action Filed with Announced Number of Archives Law POCKET VETO Budget eff. Midnight S. 3418, 12/14/70 12/14/70 12/21/70 12/25/70 16-80225-1 GPO S. 3418, An Act to amend the Public Health Service Act to provide for the making of grants to medical schools and hospitals to assist them in establishing special departments and programs in the field of family practice, and otherwise to encourage and promote the training of medical and paramedical personnel in the field of family medicine and to provide for a study relating to causes and treatment of malnutrition. MEMORANDUM OF DISAPPROVAL (Dated: 12/24/70) ISSUED : 12/26/70 91-2 Some items in this folder were not digitized because it contains copyrighted materials. Please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library for access to these materials. 1, 1071 THE WASHINGTON POST Justice Dept. Cites Pocket Veto Precedente By Ken W. Clawson Court decisions, Mr. Nixon's ident Nixion announced he after 10 days plus Sundays if Washington Fost Staff Writer veto was appropriate and "en- was refusing to sign the Fam- Congress is still in session. The Justice Department con- tirely consistent with that of ily Practice of Medicine Act, But Congress was in the midst ends that President Nixon fol- preceding administrations which was intended to pro- of a six-day Christmas vaca- owed "well established histor- which have considered the mote training of more family tion when Mr. Nixion an- cal practice" in exercising a question." doctors. The White House said nounced the pocket veto of ocket veto of a $225 million Kennedy, Sen. Ralph Yar- it was a veto because Congress the doctor bill. octor-training bill that some borough (D-Tex.) and Sen. was not meeting when the Kennedy argued in his lct- Democrats claim is already Sam Ervin (D-N.C.) contend 10th day had passed after the ter to the Justice Department 1W. that a pocket veto is valid only President received the bill that the pocket veto was in- William H. Rehnquist, an as- if Congress is in adiournment from the Capitol istant atiorney general FOND Senate (Proceedings of the Senate continued from the Record of Thursday, December 31, 1970) THE POCKET VETO that the Supreme Court's decision in the though the Senate itself was in a brief Mr. KENNEDY. Mr. President, 2 days pocket veto case has expressly rejected 3-day recess, the President was not "pre- my view that the pocket veto provision vented" from returning the vetoed bill ago, I wrote to Attorney General is intended only to apply in sine die ad- with his objections to the Senate, within Mitchell requesting clarification of the administration's interpretation of the journment situations. the meaning of the pocket veto clause, Indeed, the specific holding of the since the Secretary of the Senate was pocket veto clause of the Constitution. pocket veto case is clearly in accord available to receive the President's veto The President sought to use the pocket with my view. The House of Representa- message. In other words, it may be ar- veto power last week to disapprove tives had adjourned sine die. Therefore, gued, there are two requirements before S. 3418, the Family Practice of Medicine it was impossible for Congress to act to the pocket veto clause comes into play- Act, thereby preventing Congress from override the veto. Under the Constitu- first, Congress must be in adjournment, having the opportunity to override the veto. This action by the President has tion, a two-thirds majority in both the and, second, the adjournment must pre- Senate and the House is required to over- vent the return of the vetoed bill to raised extremely serious questions about ride a veto. Since the House had ad- Congress. the distribution of power under the Con- journed sine die, it was clear that the If a 3-day recess of the Senate did not stitution between Congress and the exec- House could not act to override the veto, prevent the return of & vetoed bill in the utive branch in the enactment of Federal and the fact that the Senate's adjourn- Wright case, it is difficult to believe that legislation, and it was for this reason ment was not sine die was irrelevant. the 5-day adjournment of the Senate in that I sought. clarification of the ad- This is the precise situation in which the the present case prevented the return of ministration's position. Founding Fathers intended the pocket the vetoed Family Practice of Medicine Today, I have received a reply from veto clause of the Constitution to apply. Act. Assistant Attorney General William H. Where there is no opportunity for Con- One additional point is worth noting. Rehnquist, of the Office of Legal Coun- sel in the Department of Justice, ex- gress to override a veto by the President, In his letter, Mr. Rehnquist states that the Constitution resolves the question of not only was the President authorized to plaining the position of the administra- the status of legislation enacted within exercise a pocket veto on the present tion on this issue. Although a substantial the 10-day period before adjournment by legislation, "but if he wished to disap- area of disagreement continues to exist specifying, in effect, that the bill does prove it at all, he very probably had no over Mr. Rehnquist's interpretation of not become law unless approved by the choice as to the form of veto." the clause and my own interpretation, I President. In other circumstances, of Surely, if the President wishes to dis- am delighted by both the thoughtful- course, where a sine die adjournment of approve a bill in such a situation, he can ness and the promptness of his reply, Congress does not intervene, a bill be- return it to Congress with his veto mes- and "I commend the Attorney General, comes law even without the approval of sage in the usual fashion. Even if such the Assistant Attorney General, and the the President, unless the President acts a return of the legislation is invalid be- Department of Justice for their con- positively to veto it, and thereby triggers cause Congress is in adjournment, as Mr. structive approach to the legal questions the opportunity for Congress to override Rehnquist appears to be arguing, the raised by the controversy that has the veto. President will still be in the position of erupted over the pocket veto. Strong additional support for my view not having signed the bill. In other The principal difference between us is is contained in Wright V. United States, words, even if a formal veto is invalid, over the interpretation of the Supreme 302 U.S. 583 (1938), which was decided a pocket veto can still apply, since the Court's precedents on the pocket veto almost a decade after the pocket veto bill has not been signed. Moreover, the clause of the Constitution. The Assistant case, and which substantially clarified language of the Wright case may be Attorney General relies heavily on the the Supreme Court's earlier decision. In easily read as implying that the court Pocket Veto case, 279 U.S. 655, which the Wright case, which was decided will sustain the validity of 2 return of was decided in 1929 and which contains 6-2 by the Court, the majority opinion legislation when Congress is in a brief dicta apparently giving extremely broad by Chief Justice Charles Evans Hughes adjcurnment within a session. leeway to the President in the exercise discusses the holding in the pocket veto To be sure, as Mr. Rehnquist's letter of the pocket veto power. case as turning on the question of shows, there is a sporadic practice of It is clear, however, that these dicta whether there has been a sine die ad- pocket vetoes by the President during of the Supreme Court were not essential journment. As the opinion states: relatively brief adjournments of Con- to the holding of the case, which in- In the Pocket Veto Case, the Congress had gress. In large part, however, the prac- volved an adjournment sine die at the adjourned. The question was whether the tice is a tribute to the difficulty of chal- end of a session of Congress. I believe concluding clause of paragraph 2 of $7 of lenging a pocket veto in the courts, that sine die adjournments-either at article I was limited to a final adjournment rather than a tribute to the validity of the end of a Congress or at the end of of the Congress or embraced an adjournment administration's reasoning. Now that 2 a session of Congress-are the only sit- of the Congress at the close of the first regu- substantial legal controversy has begun, uations in which the pocket veto clause lar session. The Court held that the clause of the Constitution was intended to ap- was not so limited and applied to the Intter. it is my hope that this difficulty in [Emphasis in original.] 302 U.S. 583, at 593. mounting an appropriate challenge can ply. I also believe that this is all that the be overcome. It is my understanding that Supreme Court's decision in the pocket The Court's holding in the Wright case a private bill was also subject to a pocket veto case holds on this issue. As Mr. appears to be two-pronged. First, the veto by the President during the Christ- Rehnquist's letter expressly recognizes, Court clearly held that-since the House mas recess. Since questions of standing the pocket veto case did in fact involve of Representatives was still in session, are less likely to thwart the jurisdiction a sine die adjournment at the end of a even though the Senate had adjourned of the courts in cases involving private session of Congress-albeit a sine die for a brief period-there was no "ad- bills, it may be possible for the claimant adjournment of only one House. In the journment" of Congress within the under the recent private bill to challenge circumstances of that case, the House meaning of the pocket veto clause of the pocket veto of his bill, and thereby of Representatives had adjourned sine the Constitution. Therefore, the Court obtain a court test that would be squarely die, and the Senate had adjourned for held, the pocket veto clause was com- applicable to the vetoed Family Practice several months to a date certain. pletely inapplicable. of Medicine Act. It is difficult, therefore, to understand Second, the Supreme Court appears to Finally, it is worth pondering the im- the logic of Mr. Rehnquist's assertion have held in the Wright case that, even plications of the administration's posi- S 21817 S 2181S CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE January 2, 1971 tion. Nothing in the Constitution sug- tribution of power under the Constitution veto": If any bill shall not be returned gests any stopping point for the admin- between Congress and the Executive Branch by the President within ten days (Sundays istration's logic. In the present case, in- with respect to the enactment of Federal excepted) after it shall have been presented volving the brief 5-day Christmas ad- logislation. Surely, contrary sporadic practice to him, the same shall be a law. in like man- notwithstanding, the Pocket Veto provision ner as if he had signed it, unless the Con- journment by Congress, the President is of the Constitution-Article I, Section 7, gress by their adjournment prevent its re- already close to pushing the pocket veto Clause 2-was intended to apply only in cir- turn, in which case it shall not be a law." power to the limit of its logic. If the cumstances involving an adjournment sine (Art. I, §7. United States Constitution.) pocket veto clause applies to a 5-day die at the end of a Congress or at the end The bill which was pocket-vetoed by adjournment, why should it not also ap- of a session of Congress, and was not in- President Coolidge in the Pocket Veto Case ply to an adjournment of 3 days, or 1 day, tended to apply to brief adjournments of had been presented to him on June 24, 1926, or even overnight? Congress during a session such as the recent and the adjorrament of Congress took place The 10-day constitutional period for Christmas period. This Is all that the lead- on July 3rd. The Court said: the President's consideration of legisla- ing decisions of the Supreme Court appear "The specific question here presented is to have held. See Wright V. United States, whether, within the meaning of the last sen- tion presented by Congress expires on 302 U.S. 583 (1938); Pocket Veto Case, 279 tence-which we have italicized-Congress midnight of the 10th day. Since Congress U.S. 655 (1029). Indeed, in Wright 2. United by the adjournment on July 3rd prevented is virtually always in adjournment at States. the Supreme Court expressly sug- the President from returning the bill within midnight, the reductio ad absurdum of gested that the Pocket Veto provision might ten days, Sundays excepted, after it had the administration's logic is that vir- not be applicable in a case involving a brief been presented to him. If the adjournment tually every piece of legislation is subject adjournment within a session. did not prevent him from returning the bill to a pocket veto, in spite of the clear In light of the discrepancy between the within the prescribed time. it became a law contrary language of the Constitution. theory and practice involving the Pocket without his signature; but, if the adjourn- Veto provision, I would be grateful to receive ment prevented him from so doing, it did Conceivably, the Supreme Court might a clarification of the Administration's posi- not become a law. This is unquestioned." 279 attempt to establish a "rule of reason" to tion on this issue. U.S. at 674. resolve the pocket veto controversy, un- Sincerely, The Court went on to say that the term der which the pocket veto clause might EDWARD M. KENNEDY. "adjournment" as used in the constitutional be applicable in cases involving rela- provision authorizing pccket vetces did not tively long adjournments during a ses- DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, refer only to the final adjournment of Con- Washington, D.C., December 30, 1970. gress. It pointed out in support of this con- sion of Congress, in addition to cases in- Hon. EDWARD M. KENNEDY, clusion that the word "adjournment" is used volving sine die adjournments. Even by U.S. Senate, both in section 5 of Article I in reference to this standard, however, it seems clear Washington, D.C. the power of a smaller number than the that the 5-day adjournment involved in DEAR SENATOR KENNEDY: The Attorney majority of each House to "adjourn" from the present case would be far too short General has asked me to reply to your letter day to day, and in the fourth clause of the to trigger a pocket veto. to him of December 29 relating to the pocket same article, in reference-to the prohibition To me, it is much more likely that the veto of S. 3418, inasmuch as I had given the that neither House during the session of advice to the White House that under the Congress shall, without the consent of the Court will decline to be drawn into any effort to set an arbitrary time period for circumstances a pocket veto by the Presi- other, "adjourn" for more than three days. adjournments during a session, beyond dent would be appropriate. The Court then stated:- In your letter you state that the pocket "We think that under the constitutional which a pocket veto would be valid. By veto "was intended to apply only in cir- provision that the determinative question in drawing a clean dividing line at adjourn- cumstances involving an adjournment sine reference to an 'adjournment' is not whether ment sine die, the Court can avoid the dis at the end of a Congress or at the end it is a final adjournment of Congress or an ambiguities inherent in a "rule of rea- of 2 session of Congress, and was not in- interim adjournment, such as an adjourn- son" approach and clear up the contro- tended to apply to brief adjournments. of ment of the first session, but whether it is Congress during a session such as the recent one that 'prevents' the Fresident from re- versy entirely. Christmas period." You also state that "in turning the bill to the House in which it In closing, let me emphasize again the Wright v. United States, the Supreme Court orginated within the time allowed. It is clear, importance of the issue raised by the expressly suggested that the pocket veto pro- and as we understand, it is not questioned, President's recent exercise of the pocket vision might not be applicable in a case in- that since the President may return a bill veto. The President has challenged one volving a brief adjournment within a ses- at any time within the allotted period, he of the most basic perrogatives of Con- sion." Suggesting a "discrepancy between the is prevented from returning it, within the gress. His action has vital implications theory and practice involving the pocket veto meaning of the constitutional provision, If provision", you have requested a clarification by reason of the adjournment it is Impos- for the checks and balances in our con- stitutional form of government between of the Administration's position on this issue. sible for him to return it to the House in The position of this Administration on the which it originated on the last day of that the legislative branch and the executive "pocket veto" issue is, as nearly as I can de- period." 279 U.S. at 630. branch, and I hope that we will make a termine, entirely consistent with that of The Court then concluded that since Con- thorough exploration of this area in the preceding Administrations which have con- gress had adjourned prior to the expiration 92d Congress. sidered the question. The two decided Su- of the ten day period given President Cool- premo Court cases, both of which are cited Idge by the Constitution in which to decide Mr. President, I believe that my ex- change of correspondence with Mr. in your letter, have, with one exception, whether or not to veto the particular bill pretty well marked out the boundarles of the there involved, the pocket veto provision te- Rehnquist will be of interest to all Mem- pocket veto power, and in my opinion the came operative. It seems clear to me that bers of Congress, and I ask unanimous President's exercise of that power in declin- the Court's decision did not turn on the consent to have it printed in the RECORD. ing to sign S. 3418 conforms both to these length of the adjournment, any more than There being no objection, the corre- Judicial precedents and to the consistent on its finality, but that it turned instead on spondence was ordered to be printed in practice or other Presidents during the last the fact that the adjournment commenced the RECORD, as follows: quarter century. within the ten day period allotted the Presi- The Pocket Veto Case, 279 U.S. 655 (1029), dent by the Constitution to decide whether WASHINGTON, D.C., December 20, 1970. decided by 3 unanimous Court, seems to me or not to veto the measure in question.1 to have expressly rejected your contention The most recent formal expression on the Hon. JOHN N. MITCHELL, Attorney General, Department of Justice, that the pocket veto provision was intended pocket veto provision appears in the opinion Washington, D.C. to apply only in circumstances involving an adjournment sine die at the end of a Con- 1 The Court in that case also said (though DEAR MR. ATTORNEY GENERAL: As you gress or at the end of a session of Congress. the statement does not appear to have been know, on December 26 it was announced Although the adjourament of Congress there necessary to Its holding) that even though that the President would not sign S. 3418, involved was for 3 period of several months, one or both Houses of Congress were to au- the "Familly Practice of Medicine Act," and it was neither an adjournment at the end thorize an agent to receive messages from the that the bill would therefore be subject to of the session nor at the end of the Con- President, "the delivery of the bill to such a "pecket veto," under which Congress gress, since the Senate adjourned on July 3rd officer or agent would not comply with would have no opportunity to reconsider the until November 10th, while the House ad- the constitutional mandate." 279 U.S. at 681. logislation in 11ght of the President's ch- journed on July 3:d sinc dis. Notwithstand- While dicta Is not entitled to the same Joetions. ing the difference in length of time of ad- weight-as is a holding. the fact that the lan- Whatever the merits of this particular Journment between that case and the altua- guage is subscribed to by a unanimous Stt- bill-and I strongly supported it in the Sen- tion respecting S. 3418, the Court in the preme Court, and the fact that It Is found in ate-the President's action raises extremely Pocket Veto Case was required to interpret cno of the only two cases from that Court serious questions that far transcend the bill the following language from the constitu- dealing with the question, make it the best itself and that 60 to the heart of the dis- tional provision authorizing the "pocket available authority on the point. January 2, 1971 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE S21819 of Attorney General Biddle of July 16, 1943. The Court in Wright summarized its ruling position taken In your latter, I:believe it is 40 Op. A.G. 274. The Attorney General after in these words: consistent both with the decided cases and reviewing the cases and the historical prac- "We hold that where the Congress has not with quite well established historical prac- tice, advised President Roosevelt that an ad- adjourned and the House in which the bill tice. journment of Congress within 2 session was originated is in recess for not more than Yours very truly. an occasion for a pocket veto. three days under the constitutional permis- WILLIAM H. REHNQUIST, In the memorandum on the same subject sion while Congress is in session, the bill Assistant Attorney General, transmitted to the White House in Novem- does not become a law if the President has Office of Legal Counsel. ber, 1965. by my predecessor in this office, delivered the bill with his objections to the the precedents then existing were summar- appropriate officer of that House within the Ized in this language: prescribed ten days and the Congress does TRIBUTE TO SENATOR GORE "The experience of the past quarter of the not pass the bill over his objections by the requisite votes." 302 U.S. at 598. Mr. KENNEDY. Mr. President, when century discloses the following practice. If the tenth day (Sundays excluded) after the In the situation confronting President the 92d Congress convenes next month, presentation of the bill fell into a period in Nixon with respect to his disapproval of S. none of our colleagues will be missed which neither House was in session, Presi- 3418, both Houses of Congress had adjourned more deeply or more affectionately than dents uniformly exercised their pocket veto for a period of longer than three days-the the distinguished senior Senator from power, even if the period of adjournment Senate from December 22nd to December Tennessee. For 32 years, 18 of them in were short, or if Congress reconvened on the 28th, and the House from December 22nd to December 29th-and by their adjourn- the Senate, covering one of the most im- day following expiration of the constitutional ment had prevented the President from hav- portant eras in the history of the Nation, period." The following Instances were relied upon ing the full ten day period allotted him under ALBERT GORE has graced the U.S. Senate in support of this statement: the Constitution to decide whether or not with his extraordinary gifts of /intelli- (1) In the spring of 1944, the Congress ad- to veto in the ordinary manner the bill in gence, persuasion, eloquence, and wit. journed from April 1st to April 12th. A pri- question. In my opinion, therefore, on these Time and again, his insights and percep- vate bill had been presented to the Presi- facts the general rule of the Pocket Veto tions have been translated into signifi- dent on March 30, 1944. 90 Cong. Rec. 3380. Case, rather than the exception to that gen- The tenth day (Sundays excepted) follow- eral rule carved out in the Wright case, gov- cant and far-reaching legislation. Time ing the day of presentation was April 11, 1944, erned, and the President was not only and again where others drifted with ex- i.e., the day preceding the reconvening of authorized to exercise a pocket veto, but If pediency, Senator GORE has stood on the Congress. On that day, President Roose- he wished to disapprove it at all, he very principle. Time and again, where others velt signed a memorandum of disapproval. probably had no choice as to the form of were content to follow, Senator GORE The bill was considered to have been pocket- veto.³ has chosen to lead, and the Nation is the vetoed. 90 Cong. Rec. 3408. You state in your letter that the Presi- richer for service. (2) In the spring of 1956, both Houses of dent's action raises extremely serious ques- Historians will catalog the full rich- Congress adjourned from March 20th to tions far transcend the bill itself and that April 9th. A private bill had been presented go to the "heart of the distribution of power ness of his long and remarkable career to the President on March 22nd, and the under the Constitution between the Con- in public service, and his/major contri- tenth day following the day of presentation gress and the Executive branch with respect butions in foreign relations and domestic was therefore April 3, 1956. President Eisen- to the enactment of federal legislation". affairs. His association with my family hower withheld his approval from the bill, While I believe that the President was on in the Senate goes back many years. In- and it was considered to have been thereby very firm legal ground in taking the action deed, ALBERT GORE and John Kennedy pocket-vetoed as of April 3, 1956. 102 Cong. he did, there is no doubt that the use of came to the Schate together in 1952. Rec. Index 732. the pocket veto power has been a bone of (3) In the summer of 1964, both Houses Later, Senator Kennedy preceded Sena- contention between the President and the of Congress adjourned from August 21 to Congress throughout the years. Indeed, the tor GORE as the chairman of the Sub- August 31 during the Democratic presiden- Pocket Veto Case, supra, apparently resulted committee on Africa and they shared tial nominating convention. A private bill from an effort on the part of the House of many common interests together in the had been presented to the President on Au- Representatives to repudiate the traditional Senate. gust 14, 1964, and the tenth day following interpretation of the pocket veto clause-by In many ways, however, the 91st Con- the day of presentation was August 26, 1964. then more than a century old-and to limit President Johnson signed a memorandum of gress itself has been a microcosm of the the exercise of that form of veto to the final disapproval on August 24, 1964, which was adjournment of Congress. This effort on the ALBERT GORE we love and respect, and communicated to the House of Representa- part of the House was, of course, unsuccess- we will carry away many warm recollec- tives on September 2, 1964. 110 Cong. Rec. ful. Again in 1940, Congress passed .a bill, tions of recent months to inspire us: 21409. H.R. 3233, 76th Congress, which purported to In the fall of 1969, he was among the Most recently, in the summer of 1968, repeal as of the date of their "enactment" all President Johnson pocket-vetoed a bill re- first to challenge the secret American bills and joint resolutions which prior to the lating to cotton importation during an ad- military involvement in Laos, and to be- beginning of the 76th Congress had been journment of both Houses of Congress of pocket-vetoed, during an adjournment of gin the critical examination of the extent approximately one month. 4. Weekly Comp. the Congress other than a final adjournment. to which the military establishment has Pres. Docs. 1222. President Roosevelt vetoed the bill on the been determining the foreign policy of Similar precedents may be found going ground that it was inconsistent with the the United States. back a good deal further than the quarter century period covered in the memorandum constitutional practices going back to Presi- His votes against the confirmations of described above. Those which occurred prior dent Adams, as well as with the Supreme Judge Haynsworth and Judge Carswell to 1923 are collected in House Doc. No. 493, Court's interpretation of the Constitution in to the Supreme Court rank with the 70th Cong., 2d Session. They include pocket the Pocket Veto Case. 86 Cong. Rec. 8024. The veto was sustained. greatest profiles in political courage in vetoes during Christmas adjournment of our history Congress by Presidents Andrew Johnson, Thus, while the Administration's position Benjamin Harrison, and Grover Cleveland. with respect to presidential use of the pocket His leadership against the ABM in In Wright V. United States, 302 U.S. 583 veto provision is largely at odds with the 1969 put Him in the forefront of those in (1938). a majority of the Court held that the Senate determined to shift our na- where only one House had adjourned, and text, could be said to undercut the reason- tional priorities and begin to attack the the adjournment of that House was for a ing in the Pocket Veto Case, the fact that overriding domestic issues of our day- period of only three days, "Congress" as that the Wright Court reserved the question of issues like poverty and unemployment, term is used in the constitutional provision the effect of an adjournment of even one health and education, the problems of authorizing pocket vetoes, had not ad- House alone for more than three days would journed, and therefore a pocket veto was the elderly, and all the other urgent is- indicate that its language is to be confined not available to the President in that situa- to the fact situation there presented. sues we face. tion. The Court's majority declined to specu- *There is undoubtedly a legal "gray area" Many of Senator GORE'S victories in late on the result If one House had ad- with respect to the question reserved in the the Senate were single-handed triumphs journed for more than three days.² Wright case-whether a pocket veto is ap- of his legislative skill. A striking example propriate during an adjournment for more of his outstanding success was in the Tax The Court majority in Wright rejected than three days by one House of Congress. Reform Act of 1969, where, after days of the argument that because the originating Advice from this office in the past has been House was the one which had adjourned for to the effect that in this situation, without debate on the Senate floor, he persuaded three days, the President was prevented from any controlling judicial decision to guide us to rewrite the crucial tax reduction returning the bill within the meaning of the him, the President ought to disapprove a provisions, in order to give a far greater constitutional language. While some of its bill by the normal veto message and return, measure of tax justice to the ordinary reasoning, in so doing. if lifted out of con- rather than by the pocket reto. taxpayer. WASHINGTON POST 8/13/73 Nixon's 1970 Pocket Veto Pocket Veto In Recess During Recess Held Illegal VETO, From A1 Senate Subcommittee on Waddy also- rejected that Ruled Illegal ments to encourage the prac- Health and a cosponsor of the ing the order sought by Keni bill, had indicated earlier that tice of family medicine. nedy "requires no action- by he was prepared to carry his the President - It was approved in the Sen- argument to the Supreme By Donald P. Baker ate by a vote of 6+ to 1 and in Court if necessary. Named 23 defendants in the Washington Post Staff Writen the House by 340 to 2. and He had- called the bill the action were Arthur F. Sample A pocket veto by President presented to the President on most important piece of legis- son acting administration or during a congressional Dec. 14, 1970. On Dec 22; Con- lation' ever to be pocket ve- the GSA, and Thomas MO Christmas recess- in 1970 was gress adjourned for five days toed and the five day recess Jones. chief of White Hous uled unconstitutional yester- for the Christmas holidays the shortest in which a pocket records The court's order by U.S. District Court Two days Later, Mr. Nixon is veta had been used. quires: Jones to turn over sued a mémorandum of disap In arguing his own case; Sampson the papers necessar udge Joseph C. Waddy. proval; announcing that he Kennedy said Presidents have for GS to publish the bill The President's action had was withholding his signature exercised their pocket veto 24- law challenged by Sen-Ed- Waddy ruled that the Presi- thority- approximately 70 M Kennedy (D-Mass); dent's action did not fall times, and that 90 per cent of ho personally argued the within the bounds of Article-F them have occurred since Section 7, Clause 2 of the Con- World War II, and then primar Hit-Run Canine before Judge Waddy last 28 stitution, which provides for a ily for private or minor bills. Fells Tourist Waddy ruled on the narrow so-called pocket veto. The Waddy, saying his court the Presi packet vote in intended to --- "dealines to suim in Reuter Evening Star 12/30/70 'Pocket Veto' by Nixon Brings Hill Challenge By JAMES DOYLE courage more general practi- Star Staff Writer tioners. President Nixon may have The President announced Sat- acted illegally when he used the urday that he was withholding "pocket veto" on a medical edu- his signature from the legisla- cation bill during Congress' tion because, he said, it would Christmas recess. add to "the almost unmanagea- ble current structure of federal That is the opinion of Senate and House proponents of the bill, government health efforts." He said his own health proposals who promise a move in the next Congress to defy the President's would receive high priority in action and to define the limits of his 1971 legislative program. He acted under a provision of VETO Nixon's Action Challenged Continued From Page A-1 power "should be one of the first cess "has grave implications for to Congress with his objections priorities of the 92nd Congress," the balance of power between any bill that he disapproves. Kennedy said. The same view the legislative and executive Then a two-thirds vote of both was taken by several other legis- branches.' He called it "this lat- houses is required to override lators, including the bill's House est effort by the President to the veto. sponsor, Rep. Fred B. Rooney, undermine congressional pow- D-Pa. er." Passed Overwhelmingly Sen. Sam Ervin, D-N.C., sug- Senate parliamentarians noted In the case of the "family gested that Congress should that President Johnson used the practise of medicine" bill, it is challenge the President's action pocket veto on an agricultural by appropriating the $225 million act amendment in August 1968, CORRECTED SHEET S. 3418 Ainety-first Congress of the United States of America AT THE SECOND SESSION Begun and held at the City of Washington on Monday, the nineteenth day of January, one thousand nine hundred and seventy LIBRARY FORD An Act To amend the Public Health Service Act to provide for the making of grants to medical schools and hospitals to assist them in establishing special depart- ments and programs in the field of family practice, and otherwise to encourage and promote the training of medical and paramedical personnel in the field of family medicine and to provide for a study relating to causes and treatment of malnutrition. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, TITLE I-FAMILY MEDICINE SEC. 101. Part D of title VII of the Public Health Service Act is amended to read as follows: "PART D-GRANTS To PROVIDE PROFESSIONAL AND TECHNICAL TRAINING IN THE FIELD OF FAMILY MEDICINE "DECLARATION OF PURPOSE "SEC. 761. It is the purpose of this part to provide for the making of grants to assist- "(1) public and private nonprofit medical schools- (A) to operate, as an integral part of their medical edu- cation program, separate and distinct departments devoted to providing teaching and instruction (including continuing education) in all phases of family practice; '(B) to construct such facilities as may be appropriate to carry out a program of training in the field of family med- icine whether as partof medical school Cr a3 separate out- patient or similar facility; "(C) to operate, or participate in, special training pro- grams for paramedical personnel in the field of family medicine; and "(D) to operate, or participate in, special training pro- grams to teach and train medical personnel to head depart- ments of family practice or otherwise teach family practice in medical schools; and "(2) public and private nonprofit hospitals which provide training programs for medical students, interns, or residents— (A) to operate, as an integral part of their medical train- ing programs, special professional training programs (including continuing education) in the field of family medi- cine for medical students, interns, residents, or practicing physicians; (B) to construct such facilities as may be appropriate to carry out a program of training in the field of family med- icine whether as a part of a hospital or as a separate out- patient or similar facility; "(C) to provide financial assistance (in the form of schol- arships, fellowships, or stipends) to interns, residents, or other medical personnel who are in need thereof, who are participants in a program of such hospital which provides special training (accredited by a recognized body or bodies approved for such purpose by the Commissioner of Educa- tion) in the field of family medicine, and who plan to spe- cialize or work in the practice of family medicine; and LIBRARY FORD 017839 S. 3418-2 "(D) to operate, or participate in, special training pro- grams for paramedical personnel in the field of family medicine. "AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS "SEC. 762. (a) For the purpose of making grants to carry out the purposes of this part, there are authorized to be appropriated $50,000,000 for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1971, $75,000,000 for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1972, and $100,000,000 for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1973. "(b) Sums appropriated pursuant to subsection (a) for any fiscal year shall remain available for the purpose for which appropriated until the close of the fiscal year which immediately follows such year. "GRANTS BY SECRETARY "SEC. 763. (a) From the sums appropriated pursuant to section 762, the Secretary is authorized to make grants, in accordance with the provisions of this part, to carry out the purposes of section 761. (b) No grant shall be made under this part unless an application therefor has been submitted to, and approved by, the Secretary. Such application shall be in such form, submitted in such manner, and con- tain such information, as the Secretary shall have prescribed by reg- ulations which have been promulgated by him and published in the Federal Register not later than six months after the date of enactment of this part. "(o) Grants under this part shall be in such amounts and subject to such limitations and conditions as the Secretary may determine to be proper to carry out the purposes of this part. "(d) In the case of any application for a grant any part of which is to be used for major construction or remodeling of any facility, the Secretary shall not approve the part of the grant which is to be SO used unless the recipient of such grant enters into appropriate arrangements with the Secretary which will equitably protect the financial interests of the United States in the event such facility ceases to be used for the purpose for which such grant or part thereof was made prior to the expiration of the twenty-year period which commences on the date such construction or remodeling is completed. "(e) Grants made under this part shall be used only for the pur- pose for which made and may be paid in advance or by way of reim- bursement, and in such installments, as the Secretary may determine. "ELIGIBILITY FOR GRANTS "SEC. 764. (a) In order for any medical school to be eligible for a grant under this part, such school- (1) must be a public or other nonprofit school of medicine; and (2) must be accredited as a school of medicine by a recognized body or bodies approved for such purpose by the Commissioner of Education, except that the requirements of this clause shall be deemed to be satisfied, if (A) in the case of a school of medicine which by reason of no, or an insufficient, period of operation is not, at the time of application for a grant under this part, eligible for such accreditation, the Commissioner finds, after consultation with the appropriate accreditation body or bodies, that there is reason- able assurance that the school will meet the accreditation standards of such body or bodies prior to the beginning of the academic year S. 3418-3 following the normal graduation date of students who are in their first year of instruction at such school during the fiscal year in which the Secretary makes a final determination as to approval of the application. "(b) In order for any hospital to be eligible for a grant under this part, such hospital- "(1) must be a public or private nonprofit hospital; and "(2) must conduct or be prepared to conduct in connection with its other activities (whether or not as an affiliate of a school of medicine) one or more programs of medical training for medical students, interns, or residents, which is accredited by a recognized body or bodies, approved for such purpose by the Commissioner of Education. "APPROVAL OF GRANTS "SEC. 765. (a) The Secretary, upon the recommendation of the Advisory Council on Family Medicine, is authorized to make grants under this part upon the determination that— "(1) the applicant meets the eligibility requirements set forth in section 764; (2) the applicant has complied with the requirements of section 763; "(3) the grant is to be used for one or more of the purposes set forth in section 761; "(4) it contains such information as the Secretary may require to make the determinations required of him under this section and such assurances as he may find necessary to carry out the purposes of this part; "(5) it provides for such fiscal control and accounting proced- ures and reports, and access to the records of the applicant, as the Secretary may require (pursuant to regulations which shall have been promulgated by him and published in the Federal Reg- ister) to assure proper disbursement of and accounting for all Federal funds paid to the applicant under this part; and "(6) the application contains or is supported by adequate assur- ance that any laborer or mechanic employed by any contractor or subcontractor in the performance of work on the construction of the facility will be paid wages at rates not less than those prevail- ing on similar construction in the locality as determined by the Secretary of Labor in accordance with the Davis-Bacon Act, as amended (40 U.S.C. 276a-276a5). The Secretary of Labor shall have, with respect to the labor standards specified in this para- graph, the authority and functions set forth in Reorganization Plan Numbered 14 of 1950 (15 F.R. 3176; 65 Stat. 1267), and section 2 of the Act of June 13, 1934, as amended (40 U.S.C. 276c). (b) The Secretary shall not approve any grant to— "(1) a school of medicine to establish or operate a separate department devoted to the teaching of family medicine unless the Secretary is satisfied that- "(A) such department is (or will be, when established) of equal standing with the other departments within such school which are devoted to the teaching of other medical specialty disciplines; and (B) such department will, in terms of the subjects offered and the type and quality of instruction provided, be designed to prepare students thereof to meet the standards established for specialists in the specialty of family practice by a recog- S. 3418-4 nized body approved by the Commissioner of Education; or "(2) a hospital to establish or operate a special program for medical students, interns, or residents in the field of family medi- cine unless the Secretary is satisfied that such program will, in terms of the type of training provided, be designed to prepare participants therein to meet the standards established for special- ists in the field of family medicine by a recognized body approved by the Commissioner of Education. (c) The Secretary shall not approve any grant under this part unless the applicant therefor provides assurances satisfactory to the Secretary that funds made available through such grant will be so used as to supplement and, to the extent practical, increase the level of non- Federal funds which would, in the absence of such grant, be made available for the purpose for which such grant is requested. "PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENTAL GRANTS "SEC. 766. (a) For the purpose of assisting medical schools and hospitals (referred to in section 761) to plan or develop programs or projects for the purpose of carrying out one or more of the purposes set forth in such section, the Secretary is authorized for any fiscal year (prior to the fiscal year which ends June 30, 1973) to make planning and developmental grants in such amounts and subject to such condi- tions as the Secretary may determine to be proper to carry out the purposes of this section. "(b) From the amounts appropriated in any fiscal year (prior to the fiscal year ending June 30, 1973) pursuant to section 762(a), the Secre- tary may utilize such amounts as he deems necessary (but not in excess of $8,000,000 for any fiscal year) to make the planning and develop- mental grants authorized by subsection (a). "ADVISORY COUNCIL ON FAMILY MEDICINE SEC. 767. (a) The Secretary shall appoint an Advisory Council on Family Medicine (hereinafter in this section referred to as the 'Coun- cil'). The Council shall consist of twelve members, four of whom shall be physicians engaged in the practice of family medicine, four of whom shall be physicians engaged in the teaching of family medicine, three of whom shall be representatives of the general public, and one of whom shall, at the time of his appointment, be an intern in family medicine. Members of the Council shall be individuals who are not otherwise in the regular full-time employ of the United States. (b) (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), each member of the Council shall hold office for a term of four years, except that any member appointed to fill a vacancy prior to the expiration of the term for which his predecessor was appointed shall be appointed for the remainder of such term, and except that the terms of office of the members first taking office shall expire, as designated by the Secretary at the time of appointment, three at the end of the first year, three at the end of the second year, three at the end of the third year, and three at the end of the fourth year, after the date of appointment. (2) The member of the Council appointed as an intern in family medicine shall serve for one year. "(3) A member of the Council shall not be eligible to serve contin- uously for more than two terms. "(c) Members of the Council shall be appointed by the Secretary without regard to the provisions of title 5, United States Code, gov- CORRECTED SHEET S. 3418-5 erning appointments in the competitive service. Members of the Coun- cil, while attending meetings and conferences thereof or otherwise serving on business of the Council, shall be entitled to receive com- pensation at rates fixed by the Secretary, but not exceeding $100 per day, including traveltime, and while SO serving away from their homes or regular places of business they may be allowed travel expenses, including per diem in lieu of subsistence, as authorized by section 5703 of title 5, United States Code, for persons in Government service, employed intermittently. '(d) The Council shall advise and assist the Secretary in the prep- aration of regulations for, and as to policy matters arising with respect to, the administration of this part. The Council shall consider all applications for grants under this part and shall make recom- mendations to the Secretary with respect to approval of applications for, and of the amount of, grants under this part. "DEFINITIONS "SEC. 768. For purposes of this part- "(1) the term 'nonprofit' as applied to any hospital or school of medicine means a school of medicine or hospital which is owned and operated by one or more nonprofit corporations or associa- tions, no part of the net earnings of which inures, or may lawfully inure, to the benefit of any private shareholder or individual; "(2) the term 'family medicine' means those certain principles and techniques and that certain body of medical, scientific, admin- istrative, and other knowledge and training, which especially equip and prepare a physician to engage in the practice of family medicine; "(3) the term 'practice of family medicine' and the term 'prac- tice', when used in connection with the term 'family medicine', mean the practice of medicine by a physician (licensed to practice medicine and surgery by the State in which he practices his pro- fession) who specializes in providing to families (and members thereof) comprehensive, continuing, professional care and treat- ment of the type necessary or appropriate for their general health maintenance; and "(4) the term 'construction' includes construction of new build- ings, acquisition, expansion, remodeling, and alteration of existing buildings, and initial equipment of any such buildings, including architects' fees, but excluding the cost of acquisition of lands or offsite improvements." TITLE I1-MALNUTRITION SEC. 201. (a) The Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare shall conduct a study, in cooperation with schools training health profes- sional manpower, of the feasibility and desirability of establishing at such schools courses dealing with nutrition and problems related to malnutrition, and of establishing research programs and pilot projects in the field of nutrition and problems of malnutrition. (b) The Secretary is authorized to make grants to health profes- sional schools, in connection with the study provided for by subsec- tion (a), for the planning of programs at such schools, and for the conduct of pilot projects at such schools, to assist such schools in the establishment of courses dealing with nutrition and problems related to malnutrition. S. 3418-6 (c) The Secretary shall report to the President and to Congress by July 1, 1972, the results of such study, together with such recommenda- tions as he deems advisable. (d) There is authorized to be appropriated $5,000,000 to carry out the purposes of this section. Speaker of the House of Representatives. Vice President of the United States and President of the Senate. THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON June 8, 1972 NOBLE: The attached ltr and attachment was delivered to Don Leonard of my office by someone apparently from Senator Kennedy's office when they appeared at the EOB mail room at approx 11 am today and stated that they had to deliver it to either me or someone from my office. Quite obviously it is not something which should have been addressed to me. FORD & LIBRARY GERAÇO Also quite obviously it is something which should be taken care of by John Dean's office. To be of assistance I have attached the bill report on the bill. Also, this was handled in part by Mr. Hopkins and if memory serves us correctly, he in turn had some dealings with Ken Cole and John Campbell on the matter. In addition, Mr. Hopkins wrote on the bill report that John Dean would be furnishing a Justice memo in support of the pocket veto. This memo has never been seen by this office. Tom Jones long time. "Not this month will it be over, not this year," Kenneth Rush he said in response to a ques- FOR tion. Treasury Secretary William their regular exec E. Simon was even gloomier jobs-would not b in his appearance before a OMB director 4 Senate Finance subcommittee. House Banking predicting that the rate of in- that giving an Associated Press flation in the United States will remain high for two to poena powers m Sen. William Proxmire, right, greets I. W. Abel as the latter arrives to testify. five years. that subsequentl Wash. Post 8/15/74 The House Banking Com- force would gain 2 mittee is scheduled to vote to- impose mandator Court Rules President Nixon day on a bill establishing an price curbs. executive task force that can He said experie focus public attention on wage that wage and pr and price developments but which expired Ap: "mistake." It is " Made Improper Pocket Veto can't subpoena witnesses for emphasize that th public hearings or suspend or roll back excessive wage or price boosts. By Timothy S. Robinson tor." Judge Tamm continued. threatened by an invalid veto, While some members of the Washington Post Staff Writer In a concurring opinion, but also, in the circumstances, committee are in favor of giv- Heal The U.S. Court of Appeals Judge Fahy agreed. to protect his own interest as ing the agency more powers "As a United States senator a national legislator in the bill and others are fearful the ugheld a lower court ruling he represents a sovereign for which he voted," Fahy monitoring task force is a yesterday that former Presi- said. prelude to a reimposition of HEALTH, F state' whose people have a dent Nixon improperly in- deep interest in the act and The effect of the ruling is to wage and price controls, 28 of Mills said he h voked a pocket veto during a look to their senators to pro- order the $225 million Family the 40 members, including to President For "congressional Christmas re- tect that interest; and he, as Practice of Medicine Act into Chairman Wright Patman (D- idea and stressed cess in 1970. senator, it seems to me, has a law. A token appropriation of Tex), have cosponsored a merely a suggest