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JL 1-1: Pardon - Tokyo Rose (Iva Toguri) (2)
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JL 1-1: Pardon - Tokyo Rose (Iva Toguri) (2)
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Kenneth A. Lazarus Files (Ford Administration)
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The original documents are located in Box 20, folder "JL 1-1: Pardon - Tokyo Rose
(Iva Toguri) (2)" of the Kenneth Lazarus Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential
Library.
Copyright Notice
The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of
photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Gerald R. Ford donated to the United
States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections.
Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public
domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to
remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid
copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library.
Some items in this folder were not digitized because it contains copyrighted
materials. Please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library for access to
these materials.
COMMITTEE FOR IVA TOGURI
OF THE
JAPANESE AMERICAN CITIZENS LEAGUE
JACL Headquarters Bldg.
1765 Sutter Street
San Francisco, California 94115
Attorney Wayne M. Collins,
Clifford I. Uyeda, M.D.
Consultant
Chairman
Partial Listing -
DEC 2 1976
Individual Endorsements:
November 30, 1976
Gov. George A. Ariyoshi, Hawaii
Mayor Tom Bradley, Los Angeles
Rep. Yvonne B. Burke, California
Lt Gov. Melvyn Dymally, California
Secretary of State March Fong Eu, Calif.
Dr. Myron Kuropas
Rep. Donald M. Fraser, Minnesota
Special Assistant to the President
Prof. S.I. Hayakawa, S.F. State Univ.
Rep. Spark M. Matsunaga, Hawaii
for Ethnic Affairs
Rep. Abner J. Mikva, Illinois
The White House
Assemblyman S. Floyd Mori, California
Mayor George R. Moscone, San Francisco
Washington, D.C. 20500
Rep. B.F. Sisk, California
Atty Gen. Evelle J. Younger, California
Dear Dr. Kuropas:
Organizational Endorsements:
American Civil Liberties Union,
No. Calif. Chapter
Thank you for your past aids in matters relating
Americans for Democratic Action,
to Japanese Americans. I have heard much about you
No. Calif. Chapter
from Mr. Ross Harano of Chicago. He suggested that
California State Legislature
National Council of the
I forward to you some of the recent informations I
Churches of Christ
have on Mrs. Iva Toguri d'Aquino of Chicago who was
San Francisco Board of Supervisors
San Francisco Commission on
convicted in 1949 as a mythical "Tokyo Rose. "
the Status of Women
Willard Anderson Post #2471,
Just last week Attorney George S. Guysi of
VFW, Dalles, Oregon
Oklahoma City called. His letter appears in the
Media Editorial Endorsements:
Wall Street Journal (2/23/76, copy enclosed). He
Dayton Daily News (Ohio)
Denver Post
was the intelligence corps officer in charge of
Honolulu Advertiser
investigating Mrs. Iva Toguri d'Aquino in Japan
Los Angeles Times
Minneapolis Tribune
after the war. He said that he would be glad to
San Francisco Chronicle
testify for Iva if the administration so desires.
San Francisco Examiner
San Francisco KFRC-Radio
He can be reached at:
Seattle Post Intelligencer
(405) 232-0661 (office)
Washington Star (D.C.)
(405) 843-7622 (home)
Supporting Articles:
Chicago Daily News
Chicago Tribune
Enclosed are copies of supporting documents
Christian Science Monitor
which may be of interest to you.
Honolulu Star-Bulletin
National Observer
Wall Street Journal
Sincerely yours,
Washington Post
Clifford
Uyeda, anyon
cc: Mr. Ross Harano.
LIBRARY GERALD R. FORD
R.
GERALD
FORDA
IVA TOGURI:
LIBRARY
SUMMARY OF A TRAGIC CASE
"The case was a political one. It arose in the immediate
Using the name "Orphan Ann," Iva Toguri was one of
post-war (World War II) period when the public temper
many women announcers used by Japanese-controlled
was still inflamed against Japan and citizens of this country
radio stations scattered in fourteen locations throughout
of Japanese ancestry. It was not merely difficult, but
Asia and the Pacific. But unknown to anyone in Japan at
impossible to obtain justice at the time for an accused
the time, American soldiers coined the name "Tokyo Rose"
person of such ancestry, however innocent. Iva (Toguri)
and applied it to any and all women broadcasters heard
was one of the victims of the war. She became a casualty
on Japanese radio. "Tokyo Rose" was a generic term,
of our judicial system which failed to protect her funda-
created from the loneliness, frustrations, and fantasies of
mental constitutional rights, and failed to accord her even
the American soldiers - and the image was not entirely
the decency of a fair trial Thus wrote attorney Wayne
unfavorable. American soldiers eagerly tuned in to hear
M. Collins, Sr., in an unsuccessful petition for presidential
their favorite "Tokyo Rose" play the latest American pop
pardon in 1968.
music, read amazingly accurate war news, and dabble
in humor and nostalgia.
The Iva Toguri case is a tragic story of how a young
American woman was trapped in Japan during World War
At the end of the war, American journalist capitalized
II, how she became victimized by a romantic image
on the tremendous curiosity about the identity of the
created by American soldiers, and how she is still affected
legendary "Tokyo Rose." Iva Toguri was one of the many
today, some thirty years later.
women implicated, but she alone became the scapegoat.
The U.S. Occupation Forces imprisoned her in Japan for
more than one year without charges, without legal
Iva Toguri was born in Los Angeles in 1916 and was
counsel, and without trial. After thorough investigations,
raised in Southern California. Shortly after her college
the Department of Justice concluded there was no case
graduation in 1941, she went to Japan to help care for
and ordered her released in 1946. But when she applied
a seriously sick relative. World War Il broke out before
to return to the United States in 1947, a fire-storm of
she could return, and she was left stranded in an unfamiliar
protest was ignited by the newspapers and radio, and
country. As an enemy alien in wartime Japan, Iva Toguri
she was arrested again in Japan in 1948. She was ordered
faced severe survival problems: she was denied food
to stand trial for treason in San Francisco - then a strong-
rations, was repudiated by her Japanese relatives, and was
hold of anti-Japanese prejudice.
without money. Japanese authorities constantly harassed
her and demanded that she renounce her American
A Federal Grand Jury refused to indict Iva Toguri unless
citizenship and apply for Japanese citizenship, but she
the American POW who worked with her at Radio Tokyo
repeatedly refused.
was similarly charged with treason. But when prosecutors
promised to charge the former POW before an army
Since she had no skills in the Japanese language, she
court martial, the Grand Jury issued an eight-count indict-
had to seek employment utilizing her English language
ment against her. (The promise was never kept. The man
ablilities. Wherever she worked, she encountered
was promoted to major shortly thereafter.) When the trial
difficulties because of her outspoken pro-American attitude.
started in 1949, prosecutors quickly removed all non-
Eventually, she was hired as a typist in the business office
whites from the jury. Ironically, the prosecution's case
of Radio Tokyo. There she met three male prisoners of
rested largely on the testimony of two "turncoat"
war (POWs) assigned to the "Zero Hour" (English language
American civilian men who worked for Radio Tokyo.
music program) who were covertly burlesquing the intent
Other prosecution witnesses could only recite the legend
of Japanese broadcasts. When Japanese authorities decided
of "Tokyo Rose," and could not identify the person on
to add a female voice to the program, the POWs
trial, The main defense witnesses were the three former
recommended Iva Toguri. Initially she refused, but after
POWs who had originally asked her to broadcast. Iva
she was threatened by Japanese authorities and was
Toguri herself testified she firmly believed she was helping
secretly assured by her POW friends that she could help
the United States.
the American war efforts, she agreed.
After the longest and most expensive trial on record at the
Iva Toguri is now 59 years of age and lives quietly in a
time, spectators and journalists were nearly unanimous in
Midwestern city. She is still classified as a stateless person
predicting complete acquittal or, at worst, a hung jury.
and is denied most civil rights. Iva Toguri firmly proclaims
When the jury reported a deadlock, the judge reminded
her innocence. A renewed effort is underway to redeem
them how expensive the trial had been for the government
her name and restore her American citizenship via a
and appealed to their sense of patriotic duty. Thus
presidential pardon. With the support of the American
admonished, the all-white jury returned a verdict of
people, Iva Toguri may finally be accorded the justice
guilty on one of the eight counts. The judge sentenced
to which she is entitled.
her to ten years imprisonment and a $10,000 fine. Loss
of American citizenship was automatic.
The preceding is just a brief outline of the ordeal and
tragedy of Iva Toguri. For further information and a free
Iva Toguri was released from prison in 1956, with reduced
copy of the booklet, "Iva Toguri (d'Aquino): Victim of a
time for good behavior. But the Immigration and Natural-
Legend," please contact:
ization Service promptly attempted to deport her as an
"undesirable alien." In 1958 the government admitted
there was nowhere they could deport her, and reclassified
her a "stateless person." In 1968 a federal court ordered
the confiscation of her life insurance policies as partial
payment of the fine. In 1971 the Justice Department
summoned her into federal court to demand payment
of the remaining fine. The fine was recently satisfied when
her father died and left a will stipulating that the fine be
paid from his estate. Three appeals for review to the
Supreme Court were denied, and two petitions for pardon
to the President were unanswered.
The National Committee for Iva Toguri
Japanese American Citizens League
1765 Sutter Street
San Francisco, California 94115
(415) 921-5225
September 1975.
-1-
SUPPORTERS OF PRESIDENTIAL PARDON
FOR IVA TOGURI d'AQUINO.
Media (Editorials) :
01/08/76 - Denver Post.
02/06/76 - Honolulu Advertiser.
02/09/76 - San Francisco Chronicle.
02/15/76 - Washington Star (D.C.)
02/19/76 - Valley News (San Fernando, Calif.)
03/02/76 - Seattle Post Intelligencer.
03/04/76 - San Francisco Examiner.
03/07/76 - Los Angeles Times.
03/29/76 - San Francisco KFRC-Radio.
04/22/76 - Los Angeles Times.
06/03/76 - San Francisco Examiner.
06/27/76 - Dayton Daily News (Ohio).
(continued on page 3)
Individuals (statements made):
02/18/76 - Governor George R. Ariyoshi, Hawaii.
02/24/76 - Congressman John Krebs, California.
03/20/76 - Dr. S. I. Hayakawa.
LIBRARY GERALD R. FORD
03/22/76 - Congressman Spark M. Matsunaga, Hawaii.
03/25/76 - Assemblyman Paul T. Bannai, California.
04/08/76 - Congressman B. F. Sisk, California.
04/09/76 - Secretary of State March Fong Eu, California.
05/04/76 - Congressman Abner J. Mikva, Illinois.
.2/
-2-
05/12/76 - Congressman Donald M. Fraser, Minnesota.
05/20/76 - Assemblyman S. Floyd Mori, California.
05/23/76 - Attorney General Evelle J. Younger, California.
06/01/76 - City and County Supervisor Quenton L. Kopp, San Francisco.
06/ /76 - County Supervisor Kenneth Hahn, Los Angeles.
06/02/76 - State Senator Milton Marks, California.
06/29/76 - Lieut. Governor Melvyn Dymally, California.
07/10/76 - Mayor George Moscone of San Francisco.
08/06/76 - Mayor Tom Bradley of Los Angeles.
08/19/76 - Congresswoman Yvonne B. Burke, California.
10/04/76 - Assemblyman Vic Fazio, California.
Organizations:
03/09/76 - San Francisco Commission on the Status of Women.
03/11/76 - American Civil Liberties Union, Northern Calif. Chapter.
04/22/76 - Americans for Democratic Action (ADA), Northern Calif. Chapter.
05/05/76 - National Council of the Churches of Christ.
05/12/76 - Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United States (VFW),
Willard Anderson Post #2471, Dalles, Oregon.
06/24/76 - California State Legislature: Assembly 60-0, Senate 22-0.
07/06/76 - San Francisco Board of Supervisors.
07/09/76 - 41st Infantry Division Association.
07/14/76 - Council of the City and County of Honolulu, Hawaii.
09/16/76 - Los Angeles City Council.
FORD & 03RALD LIBRARY
3/
-3-
09/28/76 - San Jose (Calif.) City Council.
09/28/76 - Human Relations Commission cf the County of Santa Clara, Calif.
10/01/76 - VFW Nisei Memorial Post #1629, Monterey Peninsula, Calif.
10/05/76 - VFW Nisei Post #8985, Sacramento, Calif.
11/13/76 - American Veterans Committee.
11/18/76 -- Board of Supervisors, County of Santa Clara (California).
Media (Editorials) (continued from page 1):
11/22/76 - Denver Post.
11/22/76 - Honolulu Advertiser.
11/22/76 - Oakland Tribune.
11/19/76 - Chicago Sun-Times.
LIBRARY GERALD R. FORD
CASE OF "TOKYO ROSE"
RECENT PRESS NOTES
DENVER POST (Robert Pattridge, editorial page editor)
01/08/76 - "Clemency Due in 'Tokyo Rose' Case"
"It is time for clemency. It is past time
Iva
Toguri d'Aquino, victim of a legend, has paid a
price deserving of renewed American citizenship."
SAN FRANCISCO CHRONICLE (Jerry Carroll & Keith Power)
02/04/76 - "Was 'Tokyo Rose' Really a Patriot?"
02/05/76 - "How the Tokyo Rose Myth was Created"
02/06/76 - "The Trial of 'Tokyo Rose'--A Tragedy of Error?"
02/09/76 - Editorial: "The Afterlight on Tokyo Rose"
"In the light of the facts shown in the Chronicle review
of this sorry case, President Ford should grant her pardon.
She will be 60 years old on the Fourth of July."
02/16/76 - "'Tokyo Rose' Juror Urges a Pardon"
WALL STREET JOURNAL (Edwin McDowell)
02/06/76 - "The Case of 'Tokyo Rose"
"Convicted of treason 20 years ago, she still maintains
her innocence. And she's probably right."
"...a presidential pardon would be tacit acknowledgement
that in singling her out, the government was punishing a
legend rather than the human being who stood in the dock of
justice."
HONOLULU ADVERTISER
02/06/76 - Editorial: "...a valuable service, both real and symbolic,
would be done by restoring to Mrs. Iva Toguri d'Aquino her
American citizenship."
03/09/76 - "'Tokyo Rose' case. Ariyoshi calls for pardon" (Peter Rosegg)
WASHINGTON STAR (D.C.)
02/15/76 - Editorial: "After reading Mr. McDowell's article, we are
LIGRAST GERALD R. FORD
persuaded that the case of 'Tokyo Rose' does merit official
consideration.
"It is consonant with our sense of justice to re-examine
whether injustice was done. Acknowledging error is a mark
of maturity, in nations as in individuals."
2/
-2-
SAN FRANCISCO EXAMINER (Dexter Waugh)
02/23/76 - "Clemency at Last for Tokyo Rose? Young Collins Will Try"
03/04/76 - Editorial: "The Strange Case of Tokyo Rose"
" this country should look once more at the strange
case of Tokyo Rose. If the facts are what they seem to
be, a presidential pardon should be granted And it
would be a tacit acknowledgement that the government
singled her out and punished a legend, rather than a
human being."
SEATTLE POST INTELLIGENCER
03/02/76 - Editorial: "The Strange Case of Tokyo Rose"
(Identical to the San Francisco Examiner editorial)
CHICAGO TRIBUNE (Linda Witt)
02/23/76 - "Was Tokyo Rose ally or enemy?"
02/24/76 - "Was Tokyo Rose mocking the Japanese?"
02/25/76 - "Pardon for Tokyo Rose?"
CHICAGO DAILY NEWS (Lois Wille)
02/23/76 - "The saga of Tokyo Rose: Was she really a traitor?"
CHICAGO SUN-TIMES (Michael Miner)
02/26/76 - "Japanese Americans take up fìght to clear Tokyo Rose"
LOS ANGELES TIMES (Harriet Stix)
GERALD R. FORD LIBRARY
02/24/76 - "Tokyo Rose: Propagandist or Pawn?"
03/07/76 - Editorial: "At War With a Legend"
"Iva Toguri d'Aquino was convicted of treason under perhaps
the most widely misunderstood set of circumstances that ever
brought any American into court on that charge."
"A presidential pardon would be an act of grace by the
government."
SAN FRANCISCO BAY GUARDIAN (Dean Lipton)
03/05/76 - "The Press and 'Tokyo Rose'
How a trumped-up journalistic scoop led to three decades
of injustice"
-3-
WASHINGTON POST (Nicholas von Hoffman)
03/10/76 - "Trial with Error? Sleep Tight Tokyo Rose"
NEWSWEEK
03/22/76 - "Pardon for Tokyo Rose?"
REGISTER AND TRIBUNE SYNDICATE (S. I. Hayakawa)
03/20/76 - "The Woman Who was Not 'Tokyo Rose'"
"None of the 27 prisoners of war who broadcast on Radio
Tokyo was punished by his government. In fact, Captain
Ince had been promoted to Major immediately after his
liberation, apparently for doing the same kind of work at
Radio Tokyo for which Mrs. d'Aquino was tried for treason."
03/27/76 - "A Pardon for Iva Toguri d'Aquino"
"I believe that a pardon is long overdue for Iva Toguri
d'Aquino, a loyal American throughout, despite the injustices
she has suffered."
CHICAGO TRIBUNE (Ronald Yates, Tribune Far East correspondent in Tokyo)
03/22/76 - "Tokyo Rose's accusers claim U.S. forced them to lie"
"We had no choice, " said one of the witnesses whose damaging
testimony helped send Iva Toguri d'Aquino to prison for six
years and two months. "U.S. Occupation Army police came and
told me I had no choice but to testify against Iva, or else."
"We were told what to say and what not to say two hours
every moring for a month before the trial started."
"Even though I was a government witness against her, I can
say today that Iva Toguri d'Aquino was innocent--she never did
anything treasonable."
"I've heard Iva is very bitter about our testimony. I
understand her bitterness and I feel she has a right to feel that
way. I just wish I had the opportunity to talk with Iva and
tell her why we had to do it."
"We were told that if we didn't cooperate, Uncle Sam might
arrange a trial for us too So we cooperated and we did
what we were told and now many of us have guilty conscience
because of it."
&
FORD
03/23/76 - "Tokyo Rose 'just a scapegoat': husband"
GERALD
LIBRARY
-4-
UPI, TOKYO (Leslie Nakashima)
03/26/76 - "Tokyo Rose said war fantasy victim"
CHICAGO TRIBUNE (Linda Witt)
04/01/76 - "'Tokyo Rose' decides to talk"
"After being slapped around for 30 years, what am I
suppose to think when they suddenly discover I was
innocent after all?"
"I didn't abandon this country. Wayne Collins used to
say it abandoned me
But it's been a lonely and solitary
life."
LOS ANGELES HEARLD-EXAMINER (AP)
03/07/76 - "The Strange Case of Tokyo Rose"
SAN JOSE NEWS
03/05/76 - Duplicate of article from Chicago Sun-Times.
CHRISTIAN SCIENCE MONITOR (Robert M. Press)
03/26/76 - "'Tokyo Rose' conviction brought under scrutiny."
WASHINGTON POST (Joel D. Weisman)
03/28/76 - "Voice From Out of the Past"
"I had faith in the system. And even after what happened
to me I believe in this country. If the trial were held
again today, I'm sure I would be found innocent."
NEVADA STATE JOURNAL (Jack Stevenson)
04/04/76 - "Iva d'Aquino: Wash She a Traitor or Scapegoat?"
NATIONAL OBSERVER (Bruce Koon)
04/03/76 - "'Tokyo Rose,' Three Decades Later"
FORD & GERALD LIBRARY
-5-
"Perhaps the President will have the courage to review
her case and restore her American citizenship. Then we
can witness whether there are residual feelings of sick-
ness and weariness in this country; or whether there is
enough moral resilience to grant a tiny bit of respect for
this woman."
think there's a little magic left in this country. Maybe
just enough to bury Tokyo Rose and recognize and honor Iva
Toguri d'Aquino."
northwest access (Assoc. Students of the University of Washington, Seattle)
March/April 1976 - "'Tokyo Rose' - The Estranged American" (Mary Parker)
ROCKY MOUNTAIN NEWS (Denver, Colorado)
4/11/76 - "Tokyo Rose: 30 years later, the possibility of a pardon"
This Linda Witt's article originally appeared in Chicago
Tribune, 4/1/76, under the title: "'Tokyo Rose' decides to talk"
LOS ANGELES TIMES (Editorial)
4/22/76 - "A Plea That Should be Heard"
"It is evident that Mrs. d'Aquino was convicted unfairly by
prejudicial wartime sentiment that still prevailed at the
time of her trial. That justice can be alleviated by
granting her the pardon she seeks, to restore her citizenship."
HONOLULU ADVERTISER
4/23/76 - "Matsunaga says pardon d'Aquino"
"On the basis of evidence which has come to light in recent
months, her conviction of 1949 of the crime of treason
represented a serious miscarriage of justice."
"Her years of suffering cannot be obliterated, but that
suffering can be partially assuaged by restoring to her
that which she has always prized above all else--her
U.S. citizenship."
FORD i GERALD LIBRARY
CINCINNATI ENQUIRER
5/5/76 - Linda Witt and Ronald Yates articles from the Chicago
Tribune reprinted.
-6-
PORTLAND SCRIBE (Oregon) (Sue Sargent)
5/20/76 - "Tokyo Rose: legend/victim"
MINNEAPOLIS TRIBUNE (Editorial)
5/25/76 - "'Tokyo Rose' should be pardoned"
SAN FRANCISCO EXAMINER (Editorial)
6/3/76 - "Pardon Tokyo Rose"
"Of all the petitions for pardons on President Ford's
desk, none perhaps is more deserving than that for Iva
Toguri d'Aquino
"As noted before in this space, she apparently was not
a turncoat but a scapegoat, the victim of postwar hysteria.
"The Japanese American Citizens League has tried to keep
its campaign in behalf of Mrs. d'Aquino out of presidential
politics. It would be fitting indeed, though, if Mr. Ford
pardoned Mrs. d'Aquino now, restoring her citizenship
before her 60th birthday, which falls on July 4."
HONOLULU STAR-BULLETIN
6/17/76 - (Hank Sato) "Tokyo Rose called victim of hysteria;
Presidential pardon sought this year."
6/18/76 - "California Secretary of State backs d'Aquino pardon"
VALLEY NEWS, San Fernando, Calif. (Editorial)
2/29/76 - "Tokyo Rose revew warrented"
SAN FRANCISCO EXAMINER (Dexter Waugh)
2/24/76 - "New evidence that Tokyo Rose was framed"
(Based on documents obtained from U.S. Justice Dept and
FBI files under the Freedom of Information Act.)
HONOLULU ADVERTISER (Peter Rosegg)
GERALD R. FORD LIBRAPT
"Tokyo Rose and me. Norman Reyes' story"
6/27/76 - "FBI coercion at d'Aquino trial?
"Jury didn't hear witness' story of Iva d'Aquino.
"The story behind Reyes-d'Aquino story."
"A case for justice" (Editorial)
-7-
6/28/76 - "Trying to outwit radio censors - under the gun in
wartime Japan.
"d'Aquino trial and the overeager judge."
6/29/76 - "Trapped inside hostile Japan and his duties at
Radio Tokyo"
DAYTON DAILY NEWS (Ohio) (Editorial)
6/27/76 - "Free Tokyo Rose"
SAN JOSE MERCURY (Aramando Acuna)
9/7/76 - "Tokyo Rose: Is 27 Years Enough?"
JUNGLEER (publication of the 41st Infantry Division Association)
July 1976 - "41sters: Tokyo Rose should be pardoned"
"If it were in the power of the 41sters, Mrs. d'Aquino--
'Tokyo Rose' would be pardoned as promptly as Washington's
bureaucratic tape would allow. In fact, there isn't a
single man in the 41st Infantry Division who thinks she
should have been tried and punished in the first place.
The case is considered a travesty on justice and a blot on
our postwar behaviro."
"When the question of pardon was brought up at the annual
Association meeting in Dearborn (Michigan) a few weeks ago
(July 8-9; more than 500 41sters attended), it was unanimously
agreed to put the Association on the record as being in favor
of an immediate pardon."
DENVER POST (Editorial)
November 22, 1976 - "Heed Plea of Tokyo Rose"
LIBRARY GERALD R. FORD
"There is much merit to her plea."
"Nothing now can restore the years she lost in prison, or
salve the heartbreak of unjustly being branded a traitor.
But a presidential pardon, restoring the citizenship she
cherished through all her travail, would be only simple
justice. We urge President Ford to sign it."
HONOLULU ADVERTISER: (Editorial)
11/22/76 - "Pardon 'Tokyo Rose"
"Her request presents President Ford the opportunity to make
-8-
a humane and symbolic gesture during his final days in
office."
"For the President of the United States, a pardon would be
a small act that says much about our fairness and compassion
as a nation."
OAKLAND TRIBUNE (Editorial)
11/22/76 - "Pardon Tokyo Rose"
"President Ford should undertake a compassionate act before
he leaves office in January--grant a full pardon to Tokyo Rose. "
"Now that the official request for pardon has been filed
it is time for the President to act."
SAN FRANCISCO BAY GUARDIAN (Dean Lipton)
10/08/76 - "New evidence of a Tokyo Rose frameup. Incriminating new
evidence of a conspiracy to frame."
CHICAGO SUN-TIMES (Editorial)
11/19/76 - "Pardon 'Tokyo Rose'"
"Ford can guarantee that with a stroke of a pen. That
healing gesture could be among the best of his last acts
as President."
11/18/76 - "Tokyo Rose again seeks pardon: 'America is my home''
FORD & GERALD LIBRARY
IVA IKUKO TOGURI d'AQUINO
R.
GERALD
FORD
LIBRARY
The tragic story of Iva Toguri spans 35 years. It
testimonies during the trial.
began in 1941 when, at the request of her parents,
Wayne M. Collins was her chief counsel, and continued
she went to visit her seriously sick aunt. World War II
to represent her for over 25 years until his death in
broke out before she could return. She took great pride
1974. His son, also Wayne M. Collins, is now her
in her American citizenship, and she repeatedly refused
attorney and will file a petition for presidential
to renounce it in spite of constant threats in wartime
pardon.
Japan.
Iva Toguri has served a total of 8½ years in prison,
She became one of 14 English speaking women
including two years before the trial. Upon her release
announcers at Radio Tokyo. "Tokyo Rose" was a
in 1956 the Immigration and Naturalization Service
name coined by Americans, and applied to any and
attempted to deport her to Japan as an "undesirable
all women broadcasters heard on Japanese radio. Iva
alien". She was eventually classified a "stateless person".
Toguri was the most unlikey candidate to fill the
In 1968 a federal court ordered the confiscation of
image of a seductive voiced siren who was supposed
her insurance policies as partial payment of the
to undermine the morale of the American fighting men.
$10,000 fine. The remainder was satisfied in 1975
Iva Toguri's voice was crisp and sharp. She was out-
when her father's will stipulated that the fine be paid
spokenly pro-American, even to the discomfort of
from his estate.
other Americans at Radio Tokyo who were trying
The long ordeal continued not only the humiliation
to make the best of the situation. However, at the end
but a plague of threatening letters and phone calls
of the war, she alone was imprisoned without charge
throughout the three intervening decades.
and without legal counsel.
The JACL National Iva Toguri Committee was
After a thorough one-year investigation in Japan,
formed in April 1975 to support Wayne M. Collins'
the Department of Justice and Occupation Forces
efforts to secure a presidential pardon and to restore
concluded they had no case against her and released
her cherished American citizenship. A booklet, "Iva
her in 1946. She was re-arrested the following year
Toguri (d'Aquino): Victim of a Legend", was published
after the U.S. media caused an outcry when she
by the committee in September 1975 to educate the
applied to return home to America.
American people. Responses from the public and
At the trial held in San Francisco in 1949, she
the media have been phenomenal.
was convicted on one of eight counts on the
Nothing can be said or done to erase over 30 years
uncorroborated testimony of two "turncoat" American
of suffering, abuse and humiliation endured by Iva
civilians who worked for Radio Tokyo. In an incredible
Toguri. Remarkalby, she has remained steadfastly
miscarriage of justice, for words she did not say,
loyal to the United States despite atrocious treatment
Iva Toguri d'Aquino was sentenced to 10 years
by our government. In this bicentennial year when
imprisonment, fined $10,000 and she lost her American
we are celebrating the glories of a nation conceived
citizenship. In March of 1976, in Tokyo, the two
in justice and fair play for all, we urge our President
"turncoat" witnesses admitted that they were coerced
to correct one of the greatest personal miscarriages of
by the United States government to give false
justice recorded in the history of our country.
The Case of "Tokyo Rose'
By EDWIN McDowell
zona (where her mother died soon after- acts of treason, opened in July 1949, lasted
Twenty years agn last month Iva Toguri
almost 10 totalled
THE WALL STREET JOURNAL, FRIDAY. FEB. 6, 1976
THE WALL STREET JOURNAL, Monday, Feb. 23, 1976
Letters to the Editor of the Journal
More on Tokvo Rose
Editor. The Wall Street Journal:
George S. Guysi: Intelligence Corps officer in charge
of investigation of Mrs. Iva Toguri d'Aquino after the war.
LIBRARY GERALD P. FORD
GEORGE S. GUYST
Oklahoma City, Okla.
24 THE DENVER POST Thurs., Jan. 8, 1976
THE DENVER POST
FORD LIBRARY
DERAILY
Clemency Due in 'Tokyo Rose' Case
By ROBERT PATTRIDGE
"And earthly power doth then show likest
guilty on one count. The jury found you guilty of
God's,
This opinion column is by the editorial page
one overt act: "That on a day during October
When mercy seasons justice." --WILLIAM
editor of The Denver Post.
1944, the exact date being to the Grand Jurors
SHAKESPEARE
unknow, defendant in the offices of the Broad-
casting Corporation of lenen did snook inia
The Honolulu Advertiser
Established July 2, 1856
THURSTON TWIGG SMITH President & Publisher
GEORGE CHAPLIN Editor-in-Chief
FORD
LIBRARY
BUCK BUCHWACH Executive Editor
JOHN CRIFFIN Editorial Page Editor
MIKE MIDDLESWORTH Managing Editor
2.
GENE HUNTER Associate Editor
GERALD
Friday, February 6, 1976
Case of "Tokyo Rose'
Mon., Feb. 9, 1976
San Francisco THE VOICE OF THE WEST Chronicle
Founded 1865 by Charles and M. H. de Young
George T. Cameron, Publisher 1925-55
Charles de Young Thieriot
Editor and Publisher
Gordon Potes
Richard Thieriot
Managing Editor
Associate Editor
Templeton Peck
Editorial Page Editor
THIS NEWSPAPER'S REVIEW of the
Editorials
Tokyo Rose affair, the first major attempt
we're aware of to get at the unfortunate
factual record, details the post-war hysteria
and understandable circumstances that found
The Afterlight
a Los Angeles county native, a pre-med
graduate of UCLA, in the dock on charges of
treason. The inventory shows that the proceed-
ing was marred by bribery, government
On Tokyo Rose
obstruction. unscrupulous journalism, missing
evidence, mistaken identity, witness intimida-
tion the violation of constitutional safeguards
San Francisco Chronicle
The Largest Daily Circulation in Northern California
MONDAY, FEB. 16, 1976
777-1111
LIBRARY
'Tokyo Rose' Juror
FORD
Urges a Pardon
&
GERALD
By Jerry Carroll and Keith Power
been whipped up during World
Back Page Col. 2
'TOKYO ROSE' JUROR URGES PARDON
From Page 1
The host of a bland chatter-
"The Army forbade any of its despite the Army findings, and
and-platters program on Radio To- officers or men to come to the brought Iva to trial It was to be the
LIBRARY
1080
&
GERALD
Page 16 San Francisco Chronicle
Monday, February 16, 1976
The Washington Star
JOE L. ALLERITTON. Publisher
JAMES G. BELLOWS, Editor SIDNEY EPSTEIN, Managing Editor EDWIN M. YODER JR., Associate Editor
SUNDAY, FEBRUARY 15, 1976
GREATO
DRD
"Tokyo Rose,' echo of history
Identical editorial
OPINION
in Seattle Post Intelli-
gencer, 3/2/76.
San Francisco Examiner
Page 28 * Thursday, Mar. 4, 1976
T)
Strange Case
of Tokyo Rose
LIBRARY GERALD R. FORD
OTIS CHANDLER, Publisher
Nos Angeles Times
ROBERT D. NELSON
Executive Vice President and General Manager
FORD
LIBRARY
HARRISON GRAY OTIS, 1882-1917
WILLIAM F. THOMAS
HARRY CHANDLER, 1917-1944
Executive Vice President and Editor
NORMAN CHANDLER, 1944-1960
is
CHARLES C. CHASE, Vice President-Production
GERALD
ROBERT L. FLANNES, Vice President and Assistant to the Publisher
ROBERT C. LOBDELL; Vice President and General Counsel
VANCE L. STICKELL, Vice President-Sales
JAMES BASSETT, Associate Editor
ANTHONY DAY, Editor of the Editorial Pages
ROBERT J. DONOVAN, Associate Editor
FRANK P. HAVEN, Managing Editor
JEAN SHARLEY TAYLOR, Associate Editor
SUNDAY MORNING, MARCH 7, 1976
At War With a Legend
2-PART IX
Chicago THE WORLD'S
Tribune
FORD LIBRARY
&
QERALD
GREATEST NEWSPAPER
7Star Final
Monday, March 22, 1976
6 Sections 15c
Tokyo Rose
accusers:
We were
forced to lie
Page 15
Chicago Tribune, Monday, March 22, 1976
Section 1
GERATID
She was innocent, they say
LIBRARY
Tokyo Rose's accusers claim
U.S. forced them to lie
Among the American-born witnesses at
and agonizing plunge into infamy began.
Key Japanese witnesses in the Tokyo
the trial were Kenichi Oki. 63, who was
"Iva never made a treasonable broad-
Rose trial, interviewed by Tribune
production manager of the "Zero Hour,"
cast in her life," asserted one of her
Tokyo Correspondent Ronald Yates,
and George Mitsushio, 71, who was nro-
former superiors, whose testimony nev-
told him they had never talked with
gram director for Radio Tokyo's English-
ertheless helped nail down the prosecu-
the press about their roles in her
language broadcasts. They provided
tion's case 27 years ago. "She got a raw
conviction. This is the first of two
some of the most damaging testimony
deal-she was railroaded into jail."
stories on Tokyo Rose.
against Mrs. d'Aquino.
Such statements are 180 degrees away
BOTH OKI AND Mitsushio, who were
from those made by the same men at
By Ronald Yates
born in California and who eventually
Mrs. d'Aquino's trial, however.
became Japanese citizens, live today in
Both Mitsushio and Oki, for example,
Far East correspondent
Tokyo and are successful businessmen.
testified not only that they saw Mrs.
Chicago Tribune Press Service
One of the key Japan-born witnesses
d'Aquino commit overt acts of treason,
in
comunit
Chicago Tribune, Tuesday, March 23, 1976
for a mammoth country like the United
States to crucify a Japanese-American-
all we had to do was look at Iva," he
continued. "So we 'cooperated' and we
R.
did what we were told and now many of
us have guilty consciences because of
it."
GERALD
FROM
TERUO OZASA, 54, who worked as
LIBRARY
the Zero Hour's sound engineer and who
A Plea That Should Be Heard
- 4-22-16
L.A. Times Editorial
4/22/76
LIBRARY GERALD R. FORD
Minneapolis Tribune
Established 1867
Charles W. Bailey Editor
Wallace Allen Managing Editor
Leonard Inskip Editorial Editor
6A
Tuesday, May 25, 1976
'Tokyo Rose' should be pardoned
FORD & GERALD LIBRARY
The Sunday Advertiser
Established July 2, 1856
THURSTON TWIGG-SMITH
President & Publisher
GEORGE CHAPLIN
Editor-in-Chief
BUCK BUCHWACH
Executive Editor
RUW
JOHN GRIFFIN
Editorial Page Editor
MIKE MIDDLESWORTH Managing Editor
Honolulu, June 27, 1976
its
8's
behivin
183
A case for justice
991:
LIBRARY GERALD R. FORD
Accident
OPINION
San Trancisco Examiner
Page 28
*
Thursday, June 3, 1976
Pardon Tokyo Rose
LIBRARY GERALD R. FORD
.
new MAY
EXECUTIVE CHAMBERS
HONOLULU
GEORGE R. ARIYOSHI
GOVERNOR
February 18, 1976
The President
The White House
Washington, D.C.
Dear Mr. President:
A
During World War II, as you know, many Japanese-American in our
Nation suffered shocking injustices involving seizure of property and virtual
incarceration and suffered unwarranted calumny and abuse resulting from
official policies. As one with some first hand experience, I believe that every
individual was at least in some way affected by wave of hostile racism that
swept over the Country.
Those dark days are past now and for the most part, they remain only
in the memory of us, the older generation, and I suspect that our children
regard them as horror stories that could never happen again. Many outstand-
ing Americans have expressed the deepest regret that such things could have
occurred.
The whole nightmarish experience might be pushed permanently into
the limbo except for one piece of unfinished business--the case of "Tokyo Rose. "
The name evokes memories among all of us who were involved in WW II
for it reminds us of a legend that has since proved, like many other legends,
almost certainly false in most aspects. We do know that one woman, Iva Toguri
d'Aquino, an American citizen, bore the brunt of the emotional hostility that
accrued to that legend. Mrs. d'Aquino lost her freedom, her citizenship, and
almost any future except basic survival.
Now, evidence has been gathered and compiled which seems to cast
grave doubt that Mrs. d'Aquino was ever anything but a loyal American citizen
and that she was and remains the victim of miscarriage of justice created in
part by the after effect of the same wave of hostility and prejudice against
Japanese-Americans that I mentioned above.
LIBRARY GERALD R. FORD
The President
Page 2
I do not pretend to have conclusive evidence in this case, but I do
believe current representations carry weight enough to merit a thorough
investigation by you, Mr. President, with a view toward consideration of
a pardon for Mrs. d'Aquino.
I ask that you institute such an investigation. If current representa-
tions about this case are valid, the cause of American justice may best be
served by sympathetic and humane consideration, no matter how tardy.
With warm personal regards, I remain,
Yours very truly,
George R. Ariyoshi
FORD & GERALD LIBRARY
STATE
TRANS
E
EXECUTIVE CHAMBERS
HONOLULU
GEORGE R. ARIYOSHI
GOVERNOR
February 20, 1976
Clifford I. Uyeda, M.D.
Chairman, National JACL
Iva Toguri Committee
National Headquarters
1765 Sutter Street
San Francisco, California 94115
Dear Dr. Uyeda:
Thank you very much for your letter of
January 14, 1976, regarding the case of Iva
Toguri d'Aquino.
I am in wholehearted agreement that the
case of this unfortunate woman should be
investigated by the President with a view
toward considering a Presidential pardon.
Toward that end, I have written President Ford.
A copy of my letter is enclosed for your interest.
With warm personal regards, I remain,
Yours very truly,
George R. Ariyoshi
Enclosure
FORD is GERALO LIBRARY
xxXxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
XXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXX
February 20, 1976
Mr. Gerald Ford
President of the United States
White House
Washington, D. C.
Dear Mr. President:
I am writing in support of the petition to pardon
Mrs. Iva Toguri d'Aquino.
While in the Public Health Service, I was closely
associated with Mrs. d'Aquino at the Federal Reformatory
for Women, Alderson, V. Va. I found her faithful, cooperative,
and helpful. She seemed, even during her incarceration to
be a loyal American.
Yours truly,
E. Rae Hudspeth, M.D.
ERH/cf
CCI Mrs. d'Aquino
Japanese-American Citizens League
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Mr. Fred Y, Hirasuna
P. 0. Box 11801
Fresno, California 93775
Dear Mr. Hirasuna:
Thank you for your letter of February 19, 1976, with
reference to Mrs. Iva Toguri.
I read the excellently written pamphlet which you
were kind enough to enclose and wish you every success
in your attempts to petition for a presidential pardon.
You may rest assured that 1 shall do whatever I properly
can to see that justice is done.
Thank you for bringing this matter to my attention, and
if I may be of further assistance, please do not hesitate
to call on me.
Sincerely,
John Kabo
JOHN KREBS
Member of Congress
JK:J
R.
GERALD
FORD
LIBRARY
YORK REVOLUTIONS
THIS STATIONERY PRINTED ON PAPER MADE WITH RECY CLEO FIBERS
HAYAKAWA COLUMN
REGISTER AND TRIBUNE SYNDICATE
March 20, 1976
FORD
LIBRARA
The Woman
a.
who IVas Not
GERALD
"TOKYO Rose"
An Associated Press dispatch of Oct. 21, 1946, reporting the
announcement of U.S. Attorney James M. Carter, seemed to be
By S.I. HAYAKAWA
the end of the matter: "Because Tokyo Rose was a 'composite
months of imprisonment with the declaration, "No prosecution
[This is the first of two articles on the case of Iva Toguri d'Aquino.]
contemplated."
Saturday, March 27,
HAYAKAWA COLUMN
1976.
A Pardon
For Iva
DINNED
Toguri D'Aquino
By S.I. HAYAKAWA
[This is the second of two articles on the case of Iva Toguri
d'Aquino.]
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Mr. David E. Ushio
National Executive Director
Japanese American Citizens League
5415 North Clark Street
Chicago, Illinois
AS A MEMBER OF CONGRESS, I FULLY SUPPORT THE GROWING
NATIONWIDE EFFORT TO SEEK A PRESIDENTIAL PARDON FOR IVA
TOGURI d'AQUINO. ON THE BASIS OF EVIDENCE WHICH HAS COME TO
LIGHT IN RECENT MONTHS, HER CONVICTION IN 1949 OF THE CRIME OF
TREASON REPRESENTED A SERIOUS MISCARRIAGE OF JUSTICE.
SINCE HER CONVICTION, HOWEVER, MRS. d'AQUINO HAS NOT ONLY
PAID HER FINE AND SERVED A PRISON TERM, BUT SHE HAS LIVED FOR
R.
YEARS IN MENTAL ANGUISH WHILE STEADFASTLY MAINTAINING HER
GERALD
FORD
INNOCENCE.
LIBRARY
HER YEARS OF SUFFERING CANNOT BE OBLITERATED, BUT THAT
SUFFERING CAN BE PARTIALLY ASSUAGED BY RESTORING TO HER THAT WHICH
SHE HAS ALWAYS PRIZED ABOVE ALL ELSE--HER U.S. CITIZENSHIP. IN
THIS BICENTENNIAL YEAR OF OUR NATION, THE GRANTING OF A PRESIDENTIAL
PARDON AND THE RESTORATION OF U.S. CITIZENSHIP TO MRS. d'AQUINO
WOULD DRAMATICALLY SERVE AS A SYMBOLIC ACT ON THE PART OF OUR
GOVERNMENT TO DEMONSTRATE THAT OUR SYSTEM'S GREATNESS LIES IN PART
IN ITS FLEXIBILITY TO RECTIFY ITS OWN ERRORS. AS A PEOPLE WHO
ARE COMMITTED TO SERVING THE ENDS OF JUSTICE, ALL AMERICANS OUGHT
TO JOIN IN A CONCERTED EFFORT TO SERVE JUSTICE, ONCE DENIED AND TOO
LONG DELAYED IN THE CASE OF IVA TOGURI d'AQUINO.
SPARK MATSUNAGA
FORD & GERALD LIBRARY
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13
March 25, 1976
Honorable Gerald Ford
President, United States of America
White House
Washington, D.C.
My dear Mr. President:
I have written you on various matters of concern in the past and
appreciate the assistance you have given me. Now I write to ask
that you look into a matter which I believe by your actions could
help in righting a wrong committed many years ago.
Knowing that you are a fair person, I will give you what I feel
are my thoughts relative to a miscarriage of justice in the case
of Iva Toguri d'Aquino, who had the misfortune of being one of
those identified as "Tokyo Rose".
After, reading over much of what has been published about her, I
feel that Mrs. d'Aquino is entitled to a full pardon and restoration
of her rights as a citizen of the United States, which I am sure
she cherishes so very much. Having served in the South Pacific
during World War II, and having heard "Tokyo Rose", I still can't
think of anything in my memory which would have singled out this
one person, Mrs. d'Aquino, as someone to be convicted of treason.
The only count of which Mrs. d'Aquino was convicted was to undermine
American morale during war time, which I do not think was the case.
At the very worst, I believe that she has paid any debt to society
during all these years that she has maintained that she was not
guilty of the things of which she was accused. I am sure that you
personally do not have all the time to read of all the details of
this case, but I am sure that with your large staff adequately
researching this matter, you will find through their indepth study
LIBRARY GERALD R. FORD
CARSON, HAWTHORNE. GARDENA, LAWNDALE. LENNOX AND PORTIONS OF LOS ANGELES CITY AND COUNTY
Honorable Gerald Ford
2
March 25, 1976
President, United States of
America
of the case, that Mrs. d'Aquino should be given clemency and that
:
you could right atremendous wrong to this one individual who wants
nothing more than to be a United States citizen.
In this year of 1976 when we are celebrating our Bicentennial and
have reviewed also 200 years of true American justice, I, and many
other Americans, believe that your actions of clemency for Mrs.
d'Aquino would not only be the just thing to do, but would also
restore the faith of many Americans in our great American way of
life, liberty and honor.
Sincerely, Paily fromal
PAUL T. BANNAI
Assemblyman, 53rd District
State of California
PTB:aj
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Mr. Fred Y, Hirasuna
Post Office Box 11801
Fresno, California 93775
Dear Fred:
Thank you for your note and enclosed copy of
a booklet published by the National Committee for Iva
Toguri, Japanese American Citizens League.
I have read the booklet and certainly feel that
the case of Iva Toguri is a most tragic one. I personally
believe that she 15 deserving of a full presidential
pardon and restoration of her American citizenship, but
as you know, Fred, the President and only the President
has pardon authority under the Constitution.
I understand that the pardon petition has not as
yet been presented. presumably to avoid conflict with
the forthcoming Presidential election. I have every
confidence that at such time as 11 15 presented It will
be accorded the most careful and sympathetic consideration
by the President.
with kind personal regards,
Beinie B. F. SISK
MEMBER OF CONGRESS
MINOLUTION )
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April 9, 1976
Clifford I. Uyeda, M.D.
Chairman
National Iva Toguri Committee
Japanese American Citizens League
1765 Sutter Street
San Francisco, CA 94115
Dear Dr. Uyeda:
Please count me among the supporters of Japanese
American Citizens League's efforts in behalf of
Iva Toguri d'Aquino.
Please also accept my congratulations for a fine
job.
Sincerely,
manh 7mg En
MARCH FONG EU
MFE:gsw
LIBRARY GERALD R. FORD
NATIONAL COUNCIL OF THE
CHURCHES OF CHRIST IN THE
U.S.A.
COMMISSION ON JUSTICE, LIBERATION
& HUMAN FULFILLMENT
475 Riverside Drive, New York, N.Y. 10027 Room 824 (212) 870-2915
William P. Thompson
President
Claire Randall
General Secretary
Jovelino Ramos
Asst. Gen. Sec.
M. William Howard
Chairman
May 5, 1976
Mr. Gerald Ford
The President of the United States
Washington, DC 20001
Dear Mr. President:
The Commission on Justice; Liberation and Human Fulfillment of the
National Council of Churches has gone on record in support of the
campaign of Amnesty for Iva Toquri.
Convicted 20 years ago as an accomplice in the "Tokyo Rose" incident,
she has always claimed her innocence on the basis of a respectable
volume of evidences.
In the light of the facts and present historical circumstances, this
Commission urges you to use your presidential powers to grant her a
pardon and to renew her American citizenship.
Sincerely yours,
Gold Ramos
Jovelino Ramos
Executive Director
CJLHF
/dr
LIBRATE GERALD R. FOOD
THE WHITE HOUSE
WASHINGTON
May 12, 1976
Dear Congressman Fraser:
The President has asked me to reply to your letter of
April 23, 1976, recommending that he grant a pardon to
Iva Toguri D'Aquino.
Iva Toguri D'Aquino filed a petition for pardon after
completion of sentence in November 1968. The petition
was denied in October 1969. Like any other person who
has been convicted of a Federal felony, has served the
sentence and been a law-abiding member of the community
for several years subsequent to the completion of the
sentence, she is eligible to reapply for a pardon if she
chooses. However, she has not done so. If she should
reapply, her petition would receive the same consideration
accorded to other eligible petitioners.
Your interest in this matter is appreciated.
Sincerely,
Kenneth A. Lazarus
Associate Counsel
to the President
The Honorable Donald M. Fraser
House of Representatives
Washington, D. C. 20515
LIBRARY GERALD ? OF
V.F.W.
WILLARD ANDERSON POST NO. 2471
The Dalles, Oregon 97058
May 12, 1976
The Honorable Bob Packwood
United States Senate
1317 Dirksen Building
Washington, D. C. 20510
Dear Senator Packwood:
We of V. F. W. Post #2471 strongly urge you to urge President
Ford to give Iva Toguri (known as Tokyo Rose) a full pardon on
July 4, 1976.
We Joey
form Pymete
nuclice Hoffman
Jeran m Hulan
9.7.20e
ith Tepsor.
In Roy Ryan
Wm e Jones
froe Dishimat
Ornalle Cram
LIBRARY GERALD R. FORD
VETERANS OF FOREIGN WARS OF THE UNITED STATES
S.I. Hayakawa
225 ELDRIDGE AVENUE
P.O. Box 100
MILL VALLEY, CALIFORNIA 94941
415.383:6695
June 28, 1976
The President
The White House
Washington, D.C. 20500
My Dear Mr. President:
As you are no doubt aware, both houses of the California legislature have now
asked you to pardon Iva Toguri d'Aquino and to restore her American citizenship.
Having been born an American, she neither wants nor is entitled to citizenship in
any other country.
After examining the history of her trial and reviewing the evidence on which
Mrs. d'Aquino was tried and convicted of treason in 1949, the following newspapers
have urged a pardon for her: Denver Post, San Francisco Chronicle, Wall Street
Journal, Honolulu Advertiser, Washington Star, San Francisco Examiner, Seattle
Post-Intelligencer, Los Angeles Times, Chicago Tribune, Chicago Daily News, Wash-
ington Post Syndicate (Nicholas von Hoffman), Register and Tribune Syndicate
(S. I. Hayakawa). Other publications, including National Observer, Christian
Science Monitor, and Newsweek have published stories that seriously question the
justice of her conviction. My own columns on the subject are enclosed, as is the
summary of the case prepared by the National Committee for Iva Toguri of the Japa-
nese-American Citizens League.
I am sure that others have recommended that Mrs. d'Aquino's pardon be issued
on her 60th birthday, which happens to fall on July 4, 1976. Since the basic rea-
son for her conviction was that she fell into jeopardy because she refused to give
up her American citizenship and to take refuge in declaring herself a Japanese
national, recognition of her stubborn patriotism would be especially appropriate
on this day. I hope you agree.
You were kind to receive the Republican candidates for the U.S. Senate in
your office on the morning of June 16. It is an occasion that I shall always
remember with pleasure.
Respectfully yours,
S.I.Hayahawn
FORD & GERALD LIBRARY
S. I. Hayakawa
SIH/ka
Enclosures
cc: The Honorable Barry M. Goldwater, Jr.
The Honorable Hiram Fong
Dr. Clifford Uyeda
(916) 445-9533
June 29, 1976
The Nonorable Gerald R. Ford
The White House
Washington, D.C. 20500
Dear President Ford:
As Lieutenant Governor of the State of California, I am
urging you to speedily grant a full and unconditional
presidential pardon to Iva Toguri d'Aquino, alleged
"Tokyo Rose" of World War II.
There could be no better way and no better time to show
this nation's greatness and sense of compassion than to
grant such a pardon on the July 4 observance of our
200th birthday.
I am convinced that Ms. Toguri's conviction on one count
of treason, and her subsequent loss of citizenship, were
based on falsified and misconstrued evidence. Not only
have the men who provided the most critical testimony at
her trial admitted they lied; her actual broadcasts
indicate there was no propaganda designed to reduce the
morale of American troops in the Pacific. In fact, Iva
Toguri, a U.S. citizen by birth, was in Japan to visit
a sick aunt when the war broke out, and only took the
broadcasting position at the urging of American POWs who
convinced her that she would be able to reduce the effect
of Japanese propaganda in her new job. If anything, Iva
Toguri was an aid to American soldiers.
The Honorable Gerald R. Ford
June 29, 1976
Page Two
I believe that by restoring full citizenship to this
native Californian, who was falsely accused, falsely
tried, and falsely convicted of a crime she did not
commit, we will be correcting a serious miscarriage of
justice, a miscarriage of justice that is so unfortunate
in this time of national celebration in honor of the
200th anniversary of our Independence.
Sincerely,
MERVYN M. DYMALLY
MMD:cw
FORD
alifryeda
anda
STATE CITY
JUL 1 2 1976
QUENTIN L.KOPP
CITY HALL
THE SLAW
PRESIDENT
San Francisco CA 94102
Board of Supervisors
Telephone 558-2338 and 981-0245
July 7, 1976
Mr. David Ushio
National Executive Director
Japanese American Citizens League
1765. Sutter St.
San Francisco, CA 94115
Dear Dave:
The Board of Supervisors adopted at yesterday's Board
meeting the Resolution urging the President of the United States
to pardon Iva Toguri d'Aquino.
I have directed the Clerk of the Board to request that
the Mayor sign this Resolution at once, so that San Francisco
may be the first city in the United States to pass such a
Resolution.
It was gratifying for me to be a part of the effort
to seek a pardon for Mrs. d'Aquino. I sincerely hope that
the effort is successful.
Sincerely yours,
Quenton QUENTIN L. KOPP
QLK:kb
LIBRARY GERALD R. FORD
OFFICE OF THE MAYOR
SAN FRANCISCO
GEORGE R. MOSCONE
July 16, 1976
Clifford I. Uyeda, M.D.
Chairman, Iva Toguri Committee
Japanese American Citizens League
1765 Sutter Street
San Francisco, CA 94115
Dear. Dr. Uyeda:
Thank you for your letter of July 12 regarding the
conviction of Iva Toguri d'Aquino in 1949, and your
concern that she be exonerated by way of Presidential
pardon.
I want you to know that I share your interest in this
issue, and for the reason signed into law the resolution
to which you refer last Friday, July 10, 1976. I am
hopeful that President Ford will see fit to grant a full
pardon to Iva Toguri d'Aquino.
Thank you again for your letter and expression of concern.
Sincerely
George R. Moscone
Mayor
LIBRARY GERALD R. FORD
OFFICE OF THE CITY CLERK
CITY AND
CITY AND COUNTY OF HONOLULU
HONOLULU, HAWAII 96813 / TELEPHONE 523-4291
EILEEN K. LOTA. CITY CLERK
JOHN M. kamana. JR. DEPUTY CITY CLERK
August 2, 1976
The National Committee for Iva Toguri
1765 Sutter Street
San Francisco, CA 94115
Enclosed for your information is a Resolution which was
adopted by the Council of the City and County of Honolulu.
Egaileen K. Lota
EILEEN K. LOTA
City Clerk
enclosure
RESOLUTION
PETITIONING GERALD R. FORD, PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES, TO GRANT A PARDON TO
IVA IKUKO TOGURI d'AQUINO.
WHEREAS, we, the members of the Council of the City and County of Honolulu, as the
elected representatives of a diverse ethnic community, have dedicated ourselves to
the democratic principles of liberty, justice and the pursuit of happiness, without
regard to race, religion or creed that are the cornerstones of our great American
republic; and
WHEREAS, this Council believes the denial of justice and freedom for one is the
abnegation of these God-given rights for all Americans; and
WHEREAS, this Council feels that Iva Ikuko Toguri d'Aquino was a victim of wartime
hysteria and post-war hysteria in her conviction, fine and imprisonment on a charge
of treason as the mythical "Tokyo Rose," a conviction which since has been found to
be undeserving and unjust; and
WHEREAS, Iva Ikuko Toguri d'Aquino served six (6) years in prison and continues to
suffer immeasurably from humiliation and the loss of her citizenship as the result
of her highly questionable and unjust conviction; now, therefore,
BE IT RESOLVED by the Council of the City and County of Honolulu that Gerald R. Ford,
President of these United States, be, and he is, hereby petitioned to proceed
forthwith to grant a pardon to Iva Ikuko Toguri d'Aquino and to bestow all executive
and other remedies available under the law as justice demands; and
BE IT FINALLY RESOLVED that the Clerk be, and she is, hereby directed to transmit
copies of this resolution to The Honorable Gerald R. Ford, President of the United
States; The Honorable Edward H. Levi, Attorney General, U. S. Department of Justice;
Mr. Lawrence M. Traylor, Esq., Office of the Pardon Attorney, U. S. Department of
Justice; Members of the Hawaii Congressional Delegation; and The National Committee
for Iva Ikuko Toguri d'Aquino.
INTRODUCED BY:
Mailyn Bornkowt
W.
DATE OF INTRODUCTION:
July 14, 1976
Honolulu, Hawaii
Torake Gaterimento
COUNCILMEN
CITY COUNCIL
ADOPTED
CITY AND COUNTY OF HONOLULU
HONOLULU, HAWAII
as amended
Meeting Held
I hereby certify that the foregoing RESOLUTION was adopted' by
JUL 2 8 1976
the COUNCIL of the City and County of Honolulu, by the vote and on
Reference:
the date indicated on the right margin hereof.
AYE
NO
A/E
BORNHORST
Report No. IGR CR 1151
ATTEST:
CLEMENT
E
HOLCK
KAAPU
E
KOGA
E
EILEEN CITY CLERK K. LOTA CHAIRMAN GEORGE PRESIDING G. AKAHANE OFFICER
LOO
Resolution No.
MATSUMOTO
PACARRO
(As Amended) 273
Dated
JUL 28 1976
AKAHANE
603
Tos
City
OF
105
CITY
Angeles
FOUNDED
184.1
CITY HALL
LOS ANGELES. CALIFORNIA 90012
OFFICE OF THE MAYOR
TOM BRADLEY
(213) 485-3311
MAYOR
August 6, 1976
The Honorable Gerald Ford
President of the United States of America
The White House
1600 Pennsylvania Avenue
Washington, D. C. 20500
Dear Mr. President:
I am writing to ask that a full presidential pardon be granted
to Iva Toguri d'Aquino, who was convicted of treason in 1949 as
the legendary "Tokyo Rose" when public feeling against Japan
and the Japanese was running high.
As Mayor of Los Angeles, where we have the largest concentra-
tion of Japanese Americans on the mainland of America, I have
seen them rebound from the injustices of racial bigotry and
become some of our outstanding citizens.
The passions of war have cooled, and as your invitation to the
Emperor and Empress of Japan to visit here last year indicates,
much has been forgiven. We have had an opportunity to examine
Mrs. d'Aquino's trial dispassionately and see that it was not
justice's finest hour.
The great irony was that her conviction was possible because
she clung tenaciously to her American citizenship, while key
witnesses against her in similar circumstances renounced their
U. S. citizenship to escape prosecution. Much of the evidence
against her was questionable, and U. S. and Allied POW's who
wrote her material in the alleged treasonable radio broadcasts
were never prosecuted.
R.
FORD
- over -
LIBRARY
- 2 -
Iva Toguri d'Aquino has served her prison sentence and has paid
her fine. She even lost her citizenship which she had refused
to give up in the face of harassment by Japanese police when
she was stranded in Japan without funds during World War II.
Mrs. d'Aquino is a native of Los Angeles and was 60 years old
on July 4, 1976. I join the Japanese American Citizens League,
with nearly 100 chapters throughout the United States, in urging
your compassionate pardon and full restoration of citizenship
to a woman who was a victim of her times.
A presidential pardon at this time would be "an act of grace",
as the Los Angeles Times pointed out in an editorial in March
this year.
Sincerely,
Dom TOM BRADLEY Burdly
Mayor
TB/gb
SEALD R. FORD
LISEART
YVONNE BRATHWAITE BURKE
WASHINGTON OFFICE:
28TH DISTRICT, CALIFORNIA
336 CANNON HOUSE OFFICE BUILDING
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20515
COMMITTEE ON APPROPRIATIONS
(202) 225-7084
SURCOMMITTEES:
HUD-INDEPENDENT AGENCIES
Congress of the United States
WENDELL M. HOLLOWAY
ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANT
DEPARTMENTS OF STATE, JUSTICE,
COMMERCE, THE JUDICIARY AND
Douse of Representatives
DISTRICT OFFICE:
RELATED AGENCIES
INGLEWOOD CITY HALL
1 MANCHESTER BOULEVARD
Mashington, D.C. 20515
INGLEWOOD, CALIFORNIA 90301
(213) 678-5424
MARGUERITE J. ARCHIE
August 19, 1976
DISTRICT ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANT
Mr. Tsuneishi
Japanese American Citizens League
125 Weller Street, Room 310
Los Angeles, CA 90012
Dear Mr. Tsuneishi:
In response to your letters seeking my support for a
Presidential pardon for Ms. Iva Toguri, your organization
may use my name as one of your supporters.
After reviewing the materials you sent me and the recent
remarks in the Congressional Record of my colleague, the
Honorable Spark Matsunaga, I recognize the tragedy of
discrimination and post-war hysteria which confronted
this American citizen. It is based, as always, on igno-
rance.
Recognizing the delicate political climate at this time,
I will be happy to contact the President with my support
at whatever appropriate time you advise.
Very truly yours,
Um Benk
YVONNE BRATHWAITE BURKE
MEMBER OF CONGRESS
YBB:CLF:ba
SEALD R. FORD
LISERAY
FORD
LIBRARY
R.
SEALTO
GUA RDIAN
SINCE 1986. THE WEEKLY NEWSPAPER OF SAN FRANCISCO AND THERAY AREA.
OCTOBER 0 THROUGH OCTOBER 15, VOL 11 NO.1
THE SAN FRANCISCO BAY GUARDIAN, OCTOBER 8, 1976
Incriminating new evidence of a conspiracy to frame
By Dean Lipton
western
Telegram
SFA111(1028) (2-012252E322) PD 11/17/76 1028 1976 NOV 17 AM 7: 34
ICS IPMMTZZ CSP
3012295671 TDMT BETHESDA MD 212 11-17 1028A EST
PMS DON HAYASHI ACTING NATIONAL DIRECTOR, JAPANESE AMERICAN CITIZENS
LEAGUE, FONE 9AM PST, 921-5225 AND DLR IMMY AFTER, DLR
1765 (POST) ST SUTTER
SAN FRANCISCO CA 94115
THE AMERICAN VETERANS COMMITTEE (AVC) WHICH WAS FOUNDED DURING WORLD
WAR II BY AMERICAN SERVICEMEN AND SERVICEWOMEN, AT IT'S FALL
NATIONAL BOARD MEETING HELD IN WASHINGTON DC ON NOVEMBER 13 1976,
PASSED A RESOLUTION "REQUESTING THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES
TO GRANT A PARDON TO IVA TOGURI SO THAT HER AMERICAN CITIZENSHIP MAY
BE RESTORED".
THE AMERICAN VETERANS COMMITTEE WHOSE VETERAN-MEMBERS LOCATED ALL
SF-1201 (R5-69)
OVER THE COUNTRY AND WHO SERVED IN FOUR WARS, WORLD WAR II, WORLD
WAR I, KOREA AND VIET-NAM, IS A HIGHLY RESPECTED ESTABLISHED
VETERANS ORGANIZATION WITH A UNIQUE MOTTO "CITIZENS FIRST, VETERANS
SECOND". THE AVC DEDICATED ITSELF "IO ACHIEVE A MORE DEMOCRATIC AND
PROSPEROUS AMERICA AND MORE STABLE WORLD".
THE FIRST TRULY INTEGRATED VETERANS ORGANIZATION, AVC, SINCE IT'S
FOUNDING HAS BEEN IN THE FOREFRONT IN THE STRUGGLE FOR RACIAL
JUSTICE CIVIL RIGHTS AND CIVIL LIBERTIES, EQUAL RIGHTS AND EQUAL
OPPORTUNITY FOR ALL AMERICANS. AVC WAS ONE OF THE FOUNDERS OF THE
WORLD VETERANS FEDERATION DURING THE EARLY '50'S. THE AVC NATIONAL
HEADQUARTERS ARE IN WASHINGTON DC. AMONG AVC HONORARY MEMBERS HAVE
BEEN: HARRY S TRUMAN, MRS ELEANOR ROOSEVELT, RALPH BUNCH AND SENATOR
PAUL DOUGLAS.
SAUL ROSEN, NATIONAL CHAIRMAN, AMERICAN VETERANS COMMITTEE
SF-1201 (R5-69)
LIBRARY GERALD R. FORD
1333 CONNECTICUT AVE NORTHWEST WASHINGTON DC 20036
NNNN
MEMBERS OF THE DARD
SIG SANCHEZ
BOARD OF SUPERVISORS SEAL
DOMINIC L. CORTESE
DAN McCORQUODALE
000
+
RODNEY J. DIRIDON
+
SANTA CLARA COUNTY
GERALDINE F. STEINBERG
BOARD OF SUPERVISORS
COUNTY OF SANTA CLARA
ROOM 524 / COUNTY ADMINISTRATION BUILDING
DONALD M. RAINS
70 WEST HEDDING ST. / SAN JOSE, CALIFORNIA 95110 / 299-2323
CLERK/BOARD OF SUPERVISORS
November 18, 1976
The Honorable Gerald Ford
The White House
Washington, D.C. 20500
Dear Mr. President:
The Board of Supervisors of the County of Santa Clara,
at its regular meeting of November 16, 1976, considered
the adoption of a Resolution urging that Iva Toguri
D'Aquino (Tokyo Rose) be granted a Presidential Pardon.
It was the action of the Board of Supervisors to adopt
the subject Resolution urging that a Presidential Pardon
be granted to Tokyo Rose.
Yours truly,
BOARD OF SUPERVISORS
Gary F. Voecks
Assistant Clerk
GFV:bf
CC: The National Committee for
Iva Toguri
Human Relations Commission
LIBRARY GERALD R. FORD
MEMBERS OF THE BOARD
OF SUPERVISORS
SIG SANCHEZ
DOMINIC L. CORTESE
BOARD + SANTA * COUNTY SEAL +
DAN MCCORQUODALE
RODNEY J. DIRIDON
GERALDINE F. STEINBERG
CLARA
BOARD OF SUPERVISORS
COUNTY OF SANTA CLARA
ROOM 524 / COUNTY ADMINISTRATION BUILDING
DONALD M. RAINS
70 WEST HEDDING ST. / SAN JOSE, CALIFORNIA 95110 / 299-2323
CLERK/BOARD OF SUPERVISORS
November 18, 1976
The Honorable Jimmy Carter
The White House
Washington, D.C. 20500
Dear Mr. President-Elect:
The Board of Supervisors of the County of Santa Clara,
at its regular meeting of November 16, 1976, considered
the adoption of a Resolution urging that Iva Toguri
D'Aquino (Tokyo Rose) be granted a Presidential Pardon.
It was the action of the Board of Supervisors to adopt
the subject Resolution urging that a Presidential Pardon
be granted to Tokyo Rose.
Yours truly,
BOARD OF SUPERVISORS
Gary F. Voecks
Assistant Clerk
GFV:bf
CC: The National Committee for
Iva Toguri
Human Relations Commission
LIBRARY GERALD R. 0803
RESOLUTION OF THE BOARD OF SUPERVISORS
OF THE COUNTY OF SANTA CLARA, STATE OF
CALIFORNIA, REGARDING PRESIDENTIAL
PARDON FOR IVA TOGURI D'AQUINO
WHEREAS, IVA TOGURI D'AQUINO, an American woman of Japanese
ancestry, was stranded in Japan at the start of World War II
while making a humanitarian visit to care for a sick aunt; and
WHEREAS, during the course of World War II, and as the
result of threats, humiliation and deprivation for her pro-
American stance, she participated in Radio Tokyo broadcasts with
thirteen (13) English-speaking women, collectively known as
"Tokyo Rose" by American GIs, announcing a program of popular
American music; and
WHEREAS, the United States Department of Justice prosecuted
only IVA TOGURI D'AQUINO of all those participating in the Radio
Tokyo broadcasts; and
WHEREAS, key witnesses for the prosecution have only
recently admitted their testimony was perjured through coercion
by the United States government; and it is now. apparent that much
of the other evidence and the conduct of her trial were highly
suspect and prejudicial in nature, and that in view of the
motivations and climate of public hysteria at the time of the
trial the verdict is and still remains a blot on the integrity
of American jurisprudence; and
WHEREAS, it appears that IVA TOGURI D'AQUINO has remained
steadfastly loyal to America after spending eight and one-half
(8-1/2) years in federal prison and paying Ten Thousand Dollars
($10,000.00 in fines unjustly imposed, suffering harassment and
humiliation from the persecution administered by the United States
government, and being victimized by the legend of "Tokyo Rose";
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the Board of Supervisors
of the County of Santa Clara, State of California, that it
appears to such Board that IVA TOGURI D'AQUINO was unjustly
- 1 -
BERALD R. FORD
accused, tried and convicted for treason as the mythical
"Tokyo Rose" in the aftermath of World War II; and
BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that the President of the United
States is hereby urged to consider favorably her petition for
pardon; and
BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED, that IVA TOGURI D'AQUINO be given
a full and unconditional Presidential Pardon to correct the mis-
carriage of justice in her case and to redeem her name and to
restore her American citizenship; and
BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the Clerk of this Board is
directed to furnish the President of the United States with a
copy of this resolution.
PASSED AND ADOPTED by the Board of Supervisors of the
County of Santa Clara, State of California, on November 16, 1976,
by the following vote:
AYES: Supervisors SANCHEZ, CORTESE, MC CORQUODALE, STEINBERG
NOES: Supervisors NONE
ABSENT: Supervisors DIRIDON
Disaldine J. Sinhug
Geraldine F. Steinberg
Chairman pro tempore
ATTEST: DONALD M. RAINS, Clerk Board of Supervisors
Board of Supervisors
Gary F. Voecks
SB:ms Assistant Clerk
The foregoing instrument is a
correct copy of the original
ATTEST: DONALD M. RAINS
Clerk of the Board
By Benerly Fogle DEPUTY CLERK
R
GERATO
FORD
- 2 -
LIBRARY
18 THE DENVER POST Mon., Nov. 22, 1976
THE POST'S OPINION
Heed Plea of Tokyo Rose
THE DENVER POST
Founded on October 28, 1895 by F.G. Bonfils and H. H. Tammen
Helen G. Bonfils, Officer and Director, 1933-72
"Dedicated in perpetuity to the service of the people,
that no good cause shall lack a champion and that
evil shall not thrive unopposed"
DONALD R. SEAWELL, President, Chairman of the Board
CHARLES R. BUXTON, Executive Vice President, Editor and Publisher
GERALD
R.
FORD
EARL R. MOORE, Secretary-Treasurer
WILLIAM HORNBY, Vice President, ROBERT H. SHANAHAN, Vice President,
Executive Editor
General Manager
A-10
The Honolulu Advertiser
Established July 2, 1856
THURSTON TWIGG-SMITH President & Publisher
GEORGE CHAPLIN
Editor-in-Chief
BUCK BUCHWACH
Executive Editor
JOHN GRIFFIN
Editorial Page Editor
MIKE MIDDLESWORTH
Managing Editor
Monday, November 22, 1976
Pardon "Tokyo Rose'
GEALO R. FORD
LISAARY
VIEWPOINTS
TRIBUNE:DITORIAL
VIEWPOINTS
Pardon Tokyo Rose
VIEWPOINTS
22
Mon., Nov. 22, 1976
Oakland Tribune
JOSEPH W. KNOWLAND
FRANK FINNEY
Editor and Publisher
GAYLE MONTGOMERY
Executive Editor
Associate Editor
DEVELO
0803 R. LIBRARY