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Selection of Vice Presidential Candidates (1)
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1520887
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Selection of Vice Presidential Candidates (1)
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Barry N. Roth Files
Barry Roth's General Subject Files
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Department of Justice. Federal Bureau of Investigation. National Crime Information Center. (01/1967 - 02/1992)
Presidential campaign, 1976
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1976-07-31
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1976
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1976-06-01
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1976
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The original documents are located in Box 31, folder "Selection of Vice Presidential Candidates (1)" of the Barry N. Roth Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Copyright Notice The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Gerald R. Ford donated to the United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Carter's Lead On No. 2 Spot By Jules Witcover Washington Post Staff Writer KANSAS CITY, Aug. 10 While pressure continues on President Ford to follow Ronald Reagan's example of selecting a running mate before the Republican National Convention, the President, without saying so, is emu- lating Jimmy Carter's approach in- stead. Mr. Ford has contacted at least 16 Republicans in a semipublic way to check on their availability and back- grounds, just as Democratic presiden- tial nominee Carter did with seven "finalists" before choosing Sen. Wal- ter F. Mondale of Minnesota the day after his own nomination. The White House has said the Presi- dent will wait to announce his choice until after his party's convention makes its presidential nomination next Wednesday night, despite pres- sures from the Reagan camp for dis- closure in advance. Of the 16, two Sens. Bill Brock of Tennessee and Edward W. Brooke of Massachusetts-have asked not to be considered. The remaining 14 who have acknowledged they have been contacted include seven senators, two governors, two Cabinet members, two ambassadors and one former governor who also was a Cabinet officer. They are Sens. Howard H. Baker Jr. (Ténn.), Bob Dole (Kan.), Charles H. Associated Press Percy (III.), Lowell P. Weicker Jr. (Conn.), Pete V. Domenici (N.M.), NEWSMAN DEAN-Former Nixon aide John W. Dean III per Arena, site of next week's GOP convention. Dean will James L. Buckley (N.Y.), Mark O. Hat- has his camera ready as he looks over the interior of Kem- cover events in Kansas City for Rolling Stone magazine. field (Ore.); Govs. Robert D. Ray (Iowa) and Christopher Bond (Mo.); Secre- tary of the Treasury William E. Simon and Secretary of Commerce Elliot L. Richardson; Ambassador to Great Britain Anne Armstrong and U.N. Post Survey Shows a Handful Ambassador William W. Scranton, and John B. Connally, former governor of Texas and Secretary of the Treasury. [Weicker said Tuesday he has no idea why Mr. Ford is considering him Of Delegates for Schweiker since he has "absolutely no interest" in being Vice President, United Press SURVEY, From A1 delegates. The Vice President asked International said. Mr. Ford last year to drop him from [UPI quoted Weicker as saying he very small number of delegates. consideration as a part of the ticket to was "highly honored" to be on Mr. Six delegates among those inter- placate known opponents in the party. Ford's list but has "not changed my viewed said they originally supported Nevertheless, when asked whom they position that I am running for the least desired for a vice presidential Senate." Mr. Ford but have switched to Reagan. candidate, Rockefeller was far ahead [Weicker said he will comply with a Of them, five said they approve of of all others, with 21 per cent volun- White House request made of prospec- Reagan's choice of Schweiker and teering his name. Anti-Rockefeller tive running mates for personal and one disapproved. sentiment was strongest in the West, financial data but hinted his answer would be no if asked to round out the On the other hand, seven delegates where four delegates in 10 said they least wanted him as the vice presiden- GOP ticket, UPI said. "I'm not even said they switched from Reagan to tial nominee. going to the convention. I will be cam- Mr. Ford, with four of them saying Other regional breakdowns in the paigning in Connecticut," he was they disapproved of the Schweiker se- poll show that delegates from the quoted as saying.] lection, two approving of it, and one Northern states are having a hard time A 17th Republican, former Deputy Attorney General William D. Ruckels- not expressing any opinion on it. making up their minds about a vice Among delegates who say they presidential nominee. None of the po- haus, was said by party sources to be tential candidates scored well among on the list. But Ruckelshaus, contacted originally were uncommitted, them. Only Rockefeller and Richard- in Seattle where he is a lumber com- those who disapprove of Schweiker son are the first choice among as pany executive, declined to confirm it. have a strong tendency now to line up many as 10 per cent of the delegates Two weeks ago, Ruckelshaus reported behind Mr. Ford, and those who ap- from the North. he had received what he considered'a hard offer to be Reagan's running prove of Schweiker, a much smaller mate, but later was told Reagan had number, tend to support Reagan. Whom Delegates Favor decided on Sen. Richard S. Schweiker The Post's survey cannot determine Washington Post survey asked a of Pennsylvania to gain delegate whether these shifts were due to feel- representative sample of Republican strength in the Northeast. ings about Schweiker or whether National Convention delegates this Also, according to President Ford SEN. HOWARD H. BAKER JR. question: "If the selection of a vice Committee sources, Vice President other factors were more responsible. mustered 11.3 per cent presidential nominee were left for Rockefeller and Reagan are on Mr. But the results of the survey do un- the delegates to decide, who would be Ford's list though both have said they derscore the coolness with which of Commerce Elliot L. Richardson, your first choice?" The following table are not interested and have not been Schweiker's selection has been Schweiker and Reagan. shows the percentage of delegates who asked to supply data on their health, greeted by delegates destined to make Schweiker finished ninth, behind favored each of the 10 most-mentioned financial status and other personnel the final decision next week. Rockefeller. The three men viewed possible candidates. matters, as those on the list have On the other hand, none of the Re- most favorably were, in order, Mr. Per Cent been. Finally, Secretary of Defense publicans frequently mentioned as a Ford, Reagan, and Goldwater. Con- John B. Connally 15.2 Donald Rumsfeld is said by campaign possible choice aroused much enthusi- nally ranked in the middle of the sources to be on the list, but it is not Sen. Howard H. Baker Jr. 11.3 asm, showing clearly that none would field. known whether he has been asked to be a runaway candidate if the choice Ronald Reagan 8.9 supply background data. More than other figures, though, were left to the convention. Nelson A. Rockefeller 5.1 White House aides have referred to Connally attracted responses that were Support for the major vice presi- often extremely favorable or extreme- Elliot L. Richardson 5.1 Mr. Ford's selection process as dential contenders was widely scat- ly unfavorable, and fewer in-between William E. Simon 4.0 "traditional" but it is hardly that. In tered and 23 per cent said that they the past, most presidential candidates, ratings. Connally's weakest showing Anne Armstrong 3.8 did not know whom they preferred, except incumbents, have given no was in the North, where more dele- public indication of their prospective that they preferred none of the Sen. James L. Buckley 2.7 gates rated him unfavorably than fa- named candidates, or that the choice running mates until their own nomi- vorably. Sen. Richard S. Schweiker 2.6 made no difference to them. One of the most striking single find- Sen. Edward W. Brooke 1.8 nations were in hand. What usually has been done, of Those interviewed were asked: "If ings was the apparent widespread un- Others, Don't Know and Makes course, has been to privately hint to a the selection of a vice presidential popularity of Rockefeller among the. No Difference 39.5 number of hopefuls-usually those in nominee were left for the delegates to control of needed delegates-that decide, who would be your first each is under consideration. choice?" The President clearly has been play- No one mustered support from even ing somewhat the same game. He has a sizable minority. Only two were the said publicly he will not pick someone first choice of more than 10 per cent Carlton's Summer Sale from either extreme of the party, but of the delegates. John B. Connally of will select someone compatible with Texas led the field with the votes of him, and then has asked individuals 15.2 per cent of the delegates and from both conservative (Connally, Sen. Howard H. Baker Jr. of Ten- Buckley) and liberal (Richardson, nessee was second with 11.3 per cent. BEST BUY UNDER $100! Weicker) wings, and from the middle, if they want to run with him. Connally's strength was among Also, Mr. Ford's request to all 2,259 Southern Republicans, particularly GOP delegates and other Republican among delegates pledged to Reagan. Summer Suits leaders to submit their vice presiden- Twenty-five per cent of Southern dele- tial recommendations is widely re- gates said they would like to see him receive the nomination (Conn.), Pete V. Domenici (N.M.), NEWSMAN DEAN-Former Nixon aide John W. Dean III per Arena, site of next week's GOP convention. Dean will James L. Buckley (N.Y.), Mark O. Hat- has his camera ready as he looks over the interior of Kem- cover events in Kansas City for Rolling Stone magazine. field (Ore.); Govs. Robert D. Ray (Iowa) and Christopher Bond (Mo.); Secre- tary of the Treasury William E. Simon and Secretary of Commerce Elliot L. Richardson; Ambassador to Great Britain Anne Armstrong and U.N. Post Survey Shows a Handful Ambassador William W. Scranton, and John B. Connally, former governor of Texas and Secretary of the Treasury. [Weicker said Tuesday he has no idea why Mr. Ford is considering him Of Delegates for Schweiker since he has "absolutely no interest" in being Vice President, United Press SURVEY, From A1 delegates. The Vice President asked International said. Mr. Ford last year to drop him from [UPI quoted Weicker as saying he very small number of delegates. consideration as a part of the ticket to was "highly honored" to be on Mr. Six delegates among those inter- placate known opponents in the party. Ford's list but has "not changed my viewed said they originally supported Nevertheless, when asked whom they position that I am running for the least desired for a vice presidential Senate." Mr. Ford but have switched to Reagan. candidate, Rockefeller was far ahead [Weicker said he will comply with a Of them, fivé said they approve of of all others, with 21 per cent volun- White House request made of prospec- Reagan's choice of Schweiker and teering his name. Anti-Rockefeller tive running mates for personal and one disapproved. sentiment was strongest in the West, financial data but hinted his answer would be no if asked to round out the On the other hand, seven delegates where four delegates in 10 said they GOP ticket, UPI said. "I'm not even said they switched from Reagan to least wanted him as the vice presiden- tial nominee. going to the convention. will be cam- Mr. Ford, with four of them saying Other regional breakdowns in the paigning in Connecticut," he was they disapproved of the Schweiker se- poll show that delegates from the quoted as saying.] lection, two approving of it, and one Northern states are having a hard time A 17th Republican, former Deputy not expressing any opinion on it. making up their minds about a vice Attorney General William D. Ruckels- Among delegates who say they presidential nominee. None of the po- haus, was said by party sources to be tential candidates scored well among on the list. But Ruckelshaus, contacted originally were uncommitted, them. Only Rockefeller and Richard- in Seattle where he is a lumber com- those who disapprove of Schweiker son are the first choice among as pany executive, declined to confirm it. have a strong tendency now to line up many as 10 per cent of the delegates Two weeks ago, Ruckelshaus reported he had received what he considered a behind Mr. Ford, and those who ap- from the North. hard offer to be Reagan's running prove of Schweiker, a much smaller mate, but later was told Reagan had number, tend to support Reagan. Whom Delegates Favor decided on Sen. Richard S. Schweiker The Post's survey cannot determine The Washington Post survey asked a of Pennsylvania to gain delegate whether these shifts were due to feel- representative sample of Republican strength in the Northeast. Also, according to President Ford ings about Schweiker or whether National Convention delegates this SEN. HOWARD H. BAKER JR. question: "If the selection of a vice Committee sources, Vice President other factors were more responsible. mustered 11.3 per cent presidential nominee were left for Rockefeller and Reagan are on Mr. But the results of the survey do un- the delegates to decide, who would be Ford's list though both have said they derscore the coolness with which of Commerce Elliot L. Richardson, your first choice?" The following table are not interested and have not been Schweiker's selection has been Schweiker and Reagan. shows the percentage of delegates who asked to supply data on their health, greeted by delegates destined to make the final decision next week. Schweiker finished ninth, behind favored each of the 10 most-mentioned financial status and other personnel Rockefeller. The three men viewed possible candidates. matters, as those on the list have On the other hand, none of the Re- most favorably were, in order, Mr. Per Cent been. Finally, Secretary of Defense publicans frequently mentioned as a Ford, Reagan, and Goldwater. Con- John B. Connally 15.2 Donald Rumsfeld is said by campaign possible choice aroused much enthusi- nally ranked in the middle of the sources to be on the list, but it is not asm, showing clearly that none would Sen. Howard H. Baker Jr. 11.3 field. known whether he has been asked to be a runaway candidate if the choice Ronald Reagan 8.9 supply background data. were left to the convention. More than other figures, though, Nelson A. Rockefeller 5.1 White House aides have referred to Connally attracted responses that were Support for the major vice presi- Mr. Ford's selection process as often extremely favorable or extreme- Elliot L. Richardson 5.1 dential contenders was widely scat- "traditional" but it is hardly that. In ly unfavorable, and fewer in-between William E. Simon 4.0 tered and 23 per cent said that they the past, most presidential candidates, ratings. Connally's weakest showing Anne Armstrong 3.8 except incumbents, have given no did not know whom they preferred, was in the North, where more dele- that they preferred none of the Sen. James L. Buckley 2.7 public indication of their prospective gates rated him unfavorably than fa- running mátes until their own nomi- named candidates, or that the choice vorably. Sen. Richard S. Schweiker 2.6 made no difference to them. One of the most striking single find- Sen. Edward W. Brooke 1.8 nations were in hand. What usually has been done, of Those interviewed were asked: "If ings was the apparent widespread un- Others, Don't Know and Makes course, has been to privately hint to a the selection of a vice presidential popularity of Rockefeller among the. No Difference 39.5 number of hopefuls-usually those in nominee were left for the delegates to control of needed delegates-that decide, who would be your first each is under consideration. choice?" The President clearly has been play- No one mustered support from even ing somewhat the same game. He has a sizable minority. Only two were the said publicly he will not pick someone first choice of more than 10 per cent Carlton's Summer Sale from either extreme of the party, but of the delegates. John B. Connally of will select someone compatible with Texas led the field with the votes of him, and then has asked individuals 15.2 per cent of the delegates and from both conservative (Connally, Sen. Howard H. Baker Jr. of Ten- Buckley) and liberal (Richardson, nessee was second with 11.3 per cent. BEST BUY UNDER $100! Weicker) wings, and from the middle, if they want to run with him. Connally's strength was among Also, Mr. Ford's request to all 2,259 Southern Republicans, particularly GOP delegates and other Republican among delegates pledged to Reagan. Summer Suits leaders to submit their vice presiden- Twenty-five per cent of Southern dele- tial recommendations is widely re- gates said they would like to see him garded as another bit of gamesman- receive the nomination. Were $135 $150 ship, designed more to make the re- On the other hand, the poll re- cipients feel they are being involved vealed a solid vein of discontent with than to, provide serious counsel. Connally. Slightly more than 14 per It is reminiscent of Richard Nixon's cent selected him as the person they letter to party leaders in advance of least wanted to see nominated for the 1968 convention asking their vice Vice President. In other words, there $99.85 presidential choices, and three meet- are as many delegates strongly disap- ings Nixon held immediately after his proving of him as there-are delegates nomination. According to participants, wanting him nominated. More than Carlton's Spiro T. Agnew was not recommended any other potential candidate it ap- by anyone at any of the meetings, but pears that Connally would polarize Nixon picked him anyway. International the Republican convention. While stopping short of Reagan's in- There is a suggestion in the Post novative prenomination disclosure of Wingate Steuart Schweiker as his ticket partner, Mr. poll that Connally may be somewhat Ford (by failing to impose secrecy on victimized by a Watergate backlash and that he is associated in some The most famous those contacted) has, like Carter, per- minds with the scandals of the Nixon mitted a prenomination airing of the administration, in which he served as "Fashion Fiver" prospects. That procedure in itself undercuts Secretary of the Treasury. Connally is to some degree the argument by John regarded most unfavorably by those Texturized polyesters, dacron delegates who disapproved of Presi- P. Sears, Reagan's campaign manager, and wool blends. Excellent that prenomination selection is neces- dent Ford's pardon of former Presi- dent Nixon. selection of shades, patterns sary to enable the convention to make Overall, there is no great concern and styles. a judgment on the running mate. By floating all the names, they are com- among the Republican delegates for ing under at least a modicum of scru- the pardon of Nixon. Seventy-nine per tiny in advance of the presidential cent of them approved of the pardon roll-call vote. and only 15 per cent disapproved. What the mass floating does not do, But Connally seems to suffer from Yves St. Laurent however, is permit a zeroing-in on any the association with the Nixon era single prpspect of the sort that Sears scandals. (He was tried and acquitted vested summer suits, stripes, $129.85 has said( would get Mr. Ford in hot of a charge of bribery in the milk-fund water with some segment of the party affair). Among those delegates who patterns, solids. Made in France. -just as Reagan's choice of approve of the Nixon pardon, 50 per Schweiker brought conservative wrath cent regard Connally in a favorable light. However, among those who dis- Sport Coats & Slacks 30% 50% OFF down on him. A White House source declined to. approve the pardon, only 29 per Outstanding group of solids and patterns; slacks in almost all colors and sizes. day to say how many individuals had cent view him favorably and 44 per been asked if they want to run with cent say they regard him unfavorably. THURSDAY HOURS 'TIL 8:30 P.M. Mr. Ford. "Obviously at some point The delegates were asked to register of Arizona, Vice President Rockefel- Carlton's 18th and M Street, N.W. the list will be winnowed down," the their feelings about nine prominent in the Ring Building. source said. Republicans-S Barry Goldwater, Park free at PMI at 19th and M or any nearby Staff writer Edward Walsh contrib- ler, Baker, Sen. Edward W. Brooke of parking facility. Major credit cards honored. uted to this article. Mass., Connally, Mr. Ford, Secretary DRAFT MEMORANDUM FOR: DICK CHENEY JACK MARSH 078838 FROM: PHIL BUCHEN SUBJECT: Authority for FBI to Investigate Potential VP Nominees I have reviewed the Department of Justice opinion (copy attached) on the above subject. Justice is unable to find any statute which authorizes the FBI to investigate possible Vice Presidential nominees. Although Justice is of the opinion that the President has inherent authority to direct investigations in the absence of a statute when they relate to the exercise of his constitutional or statutory functions, Justice is unable to identify any function which would clearly support such a directive in this instance. At best, it is questionable whether present law would permit such an investigation. Moreover, Justice notes that a statute to allow such investigations may be unconstitutional because it establishes consent to an investigation as a new qualification for Vice Presidential candidates. The Attorney General is not anxious to provide FBI assistance for this purpose under the present law. Without new legislation, the only basis for proceeding in this manner would be for the Attorney -2- General first to consolidate with the leadership on the House and Senate Judiciary Committees and effectively obtain their approval for such investigations. However, the concept of a Federal police force investigating potential political candidates is an idea that the Attorney General does not favor. Senator Brock has introduced legisation S. 3552 to provide for an FBI investigation "of the same nature, extent, and scope as an investigation conducted by the Federal Bureau of Investigation in connection with the granting of the Top Secret security clearance to any individual employed by the United States. " The Brock Bill does not require consent from a prospective VP nominee to undertake investigation but only on determining to which persons the results of the investigation may be released. Furthermore, the Bill would apparently prohibit any evidence of criminality that may be discovered in the course of such an investigation from being used for any other purpose and would require that upon the nomination of a candidate for election toxthe Office of Vice President by the nominating convention on evidence of the resulting investigation must be destroyed. Finally, the Bill permits Presidential candidates to furnish statements of support from more than 10 percent of the delegates to the Convention to request the Attorney General to investigate not more than 10 individuals as potential Vice Presidential nominees and to review the investigations following selection of that person for nomination to the Presidency. LIBRAR are UP selection FORD & Perspective: Election GERALD C-19 Vice Presidential Process in Question Choosing a vice president has traditionally been one of the last activities performed at the party conventions, but this year, at least in the opinion of many editorials and columnists, things may be different. The vice presidential choices of 1972 -- Spiro Agnew, who resigned to escape prosecution for accepting bribes, and Thomas Eagleton, who was forced off the Democratic ticket after revelations of past mental illness -- may force this year's presidential candidates to make their choices for the number two place on the ticket public before the convention. The media is giving increasing attention to this problem and is suggesting vari- ous ways to cope with it, from an FBI investigation, to selection boards, to making public a list of candidates for pre-delegate approval. Of the approximately 25 editorials and columns appearing in the last several weeks in major metropolitan and regional newspapers throughout the country, almost all mentioned what they consider two good reasons for the vice presidential selection process to change this year: The Agnew and Eagleton situations of 1972 and the fact that 13 of the nation's vice presidents have become presidents, and that during 20 of those past 30 years, the presidents had previously served as vice presidents. The Memphis Commercial Appeal summed up their opinion in favor of a change in the process: "Because the United States has had three vice presidents in the last four years, it probably was inevitable that someone would challenge the sysytem." Many of the opinions expressed by the press dealt with the overall questions of the vice presidential selection reform, but several mentioned President Ford, Ronald Reagan or Jimmy Carter by name, suggesting guidelines for them to follow. Carter The New York Times suggested Carter cannot regard the selection of his vice presidential running mate as his "sole perogative" or one to "be sprung on a compliant convention at the last minute." Carter should share this decision with the delegates, the Times said. Jimmy Carter has expressed interest in changing the system, the Detroit News commented, but has stopped short of an investiga- tion or publishing a list of potential running mates. "He has managed on this question, as on so many others, to be a model of equivocation. The Chicago Sun-Times wrote that Carter should not make state- ments that he and he alone will choose the running mate, calling it the "old style politics he should avoid.' Perspective: Election GENALD C-20 Howard K. Smith held a view that differed from all the others. He said that Carter has the right to make his own decision and since he is a "very careful man" that he will probably make a good choice. "Given the high quality of all the people available to him -- Bayh, Stevenson, Mondale, Church and many others," Smith said, "Carter can't avoid naming somebody as well-equipped as, or possible better- equipped then he himself is." The Baltimore Sun priased Carter for his decision to assemble a panel of distinguished Americans to screen vice presidential choices. "When the time comes for him to name his vice presidential running mate, he will be in a position to say he has been careful and deliberate in choosing a candidate who has been closely examined by respected persons in the party." The Chicago Tribune, in a direct appeal to Carter, wrote: "We urge Mr. Carter to start a new tradition by letting his party and the public in on a decision that might be vital to us all." GOP Race On the Republican side, the media does not seem as anxious for the two candidates to reveal their potential choices. Many of the columnists recognize those involved have more at the moment to worry about than Jimmy Carter. The Shreveport Journal wrote that President Ford's neck and neck battle for delegates with Ronald Reagan is keeping him too busy to give his possible running mate choices much thought. Lone Island's Newsday, however, said it believed the whole system would benefit if the front runners would simply make known their short list of those under consideration. Perhaps President Ford and Ronald Reagan should follow Jimmy Carter's decision to set up a panel of "distinguished Americans" to screen potential vice presidents, the Baltimore Sun suggested. Alternate Selection Systems A majority of articles written mentioned the Harvard University Institute of Politics study released last month which advocated the need for a change in the vice presidential selection process. The report points to the one-to-two chance that the vice president eventually will become president. The study cited the resignation of Spiro Agnew as evidence that the present system is inadequate and contains an inherent and unacceptable degree of risk. The report is based on four months of interviews with party offi- cials, presidential candidates and staff and other top political and scholarly experts. LIBRANT FORD Perspective: Election C-21 The report recommends: (1) "Presidential competence" should take precedent over "electoral balancing" in the selection of a vice presidential candidate. (2) The schedule of the national conventions should be rearranged to provide more time for vice presidential selection and an advisory group should be formed from each party to review a list of potential candidates and provide background research to the presidential nominee. (3) Presidential candidates should have their staffs begin work on vice presidential selection no later than the final round of primaries, in developing lists of potential candidates. (4) The media should earmark substantial resources toward underscoring the foibles of the present system and investigating potential running mates with in-depth interviews before the convention. All papers mentioning the Harvard study agreed with it and advocated its utilization this year. Other suggestions were given, many of them in concurrence or in repetition of the Harvard Study. One totally differing view was that of former Gov. Endicott Peabody of Massachusetts, and was re- ported by the Philadelphia Bulletin and ABC's "Good Morn. America" Peabody said he believed vice presidents should campaign for the nomination just as presidential candidates do. Peabody cam- paigned for the number two spot in 1972. The Bulletin doubted this approach would be effective, since "nobody paid much atten- tion to his efforts." Several other opinions were expressed on reforming the system. The Cleveland Plain Dealer suggested that anyone who wants to become vice president should say SO immediately and sub- ject himself to the scrutiny that a potential president of the country ought to undergo. John Gardner, chairman of Common Cause, has produced a proposal which received attention from many of the articles men- tioned. Gardner suggested that any presidential candidate submit to the convention chair, two weeks before the convention begins, a list of no more than eight persons from which the candidates would pledge to select a running mate. Scrutiny by the press or potential vice presidential candi- dates was mentioned often in many of the articles. The New York Times wrote that Jimmy Carter, for example, "should settle upon a list of three, or perhaps five persons The press would have some time to investigate and report the records of those recommended." LIDHAK Perspective: Election C-22 FBI Probe One of the most controversial proposals mentioned is the use of the FBI to investigate potential vice presidential candidates. Most editorials and colunists were against the use of the agency. The Baltimore Sun and the Shreveport Journal, although not enthu- siastic, were in favor of the proposal. The Sun felt that although the investigation would be somewhat of an invasion of privacy, it would be worth the "minor hindrances" it would cause in the long run. The Journal believed such an investigation would have prevented the Agnew and Eagleton situations. The Des Moines Register and Los Angeles Times were strongly against an FBI probe. The Times mentioned the "implications of police power." The Times praised Carter's decision not to use the agency. The Register mentioned the possibility that the FBI could blackball nominees it did not approve of. The Vice President's Job Perhaps the failure of many presidents to give their vice president a meaningful role in the Administration is one reason the selection process is now in question. This theory was brought up several times. The Memphis Commercial Appeal summed up this idea, saying that vice presidents have often been wasted by being "pushed off onto some special commission or are sent off on some goodwill mis- sions, coronations or state funerals The vice president has as much prestige, power and patronage as the president allows him and no more. Somehow, the duties of a vice president ought to be better defined." Newsday quoted former Vice President John Nance Gardner as once saying that office of the vice president wasn't worth a "pitcher of warm spit." On the Lighter Side: Brown as Carter's Vice President? Although the opinions of all the writers obviously seem to reflect the need for reform for various reasons, especially the underlying seriousness of the matter, William Shannon found a lighter note in all of this. He said Jimmy Carter would be helped in some respects by choosing Gov. Edmund Brown, an Irish Catholic. However, Shannon wrote, "If you were President, would you want a vice president who was constantly upstaging you? One can readily envisage this scene as President Carter at the White House is Perspective: Election C-23 announcing a new program to help the mentally retarded. But half of the reporters are with Vice President Brown as he announced that he is turning the renovated vice president's mansion into a home for retarded kids while he moves into a tent in the backyard." -- by Melanie Berney FORD LIVERNE is BARRY - page & { forward May 28, 1976 LIBRARY INTERVIEW OF THE PRESIDENT BY Connie 0203 NEWHOUSE NEWSPAPERS is 2:13 P.M. EDT THE OVAL OFFICE send #: Ching THE PRESIDENT: It is delightful to have a chance to chat with you and if there are any questions, why don't we go ahead. QUESTION: Mr. President, I will start, if I may. There has been some varying reports and varying interpre- tations on those varying reports as to what you actually told Attorney General Levi with regard to the amicus curiae appearance by the Government in what I assume will be the Mecklenburg or the Denver case. THE PRESIDENT: I don't think you should assume any particular case, or are you referring to a case that would seek a clarification? QUESTION: That is it, a clarification of those decisions. THE PRESIDENT: I wouldn't want to pinpoint which particular case, but I have been discussing with the Attorney General and the Secretary of HEW since last November some methods by which we could get a clarification of court action, the remedies that certain lower courts use and, two, how we could proceed through HEW to handle whatever the problems were if there was inadequate protection of constitutional rights. The Attorney General indicated to me that he was certain that there was a case or might be several cases where the Department of Justice might intervene. He is in the process now of deciding which case or which cases he might intervene. He has not told me his decision. Page 2 I have told him I want him to make the recommen- dation. In the meantime, the Secretary of HEW is continuing to work on some procedures or methods or proposals to try and make the court orders -- whatever they are -- more acceptable to the communities in which the orders have been placed. QUESTION: That is not alternatives to busing but alternatives to the way they have accepted the orders? THE PRESIDENT: That is basically the approach, although I haven't seen the final draft so I can't be completely free to tell you what they are because I haven't seen one in the last version. QUESTION: You refer often, Mr. President, to LIBRARY quality education. What is your definition of quality FORD education? & RENALD THE PRESIDENT: I think you have to have high teacher standards. I think you have to have a sound, proper teacher-pupil ratio. I think you have to have facilities that meet acceptable standards. I think the rights, constitutional rights have to be protected, which means, of course, that you cannot tolerate segregation. All of those things put together I think, if properly implemented, result in quality education. QUESTION: What if you have all that but you still have all balck and all white schools? You have all the quality teachers and training and so forth and you still have segregation? Do you think there is still reason to break that down? THE PRESIDENT: When you get into the -- that is the question of the remedy that the court has to apply. If vou take what is the listed proposals in what is the Equal Educational Opportunities Act, which includes the Esch amend- ment, it has, as I recall, seven listed things which are better remedies than the final line, which is busing. The Esch amendment includes busing, but it says that the court should follow as guidelines the seven steps, as I recall, the seventh one being busing -- cluster schools, neighborhood schools, they can't bus people or children beyond one school beyond their own neighborhood. Page 3 Busing is a last resort. If you can achieve the other things first, you don't have to go to busing. But these circumstances vary according to every community, and they will vary within a community. That is one of the basic problems about identifying a case. You can find in a school district a few schools that --- and it may be in elementary, itmay be in secondary -- where you will have segregation. The question arises, does that justify the Federal court taking over the whole school district and running it as a school board. In some instances that has been the case. Instead of the court trying to remedy the smaller part of the whole, the court has decided that it has juris- diction as a remedy to take over the whole school system. That results from a dictum in one of the cases -- and I can't remember which case it is -- and as a result some local district judges have followed the dictum and grabbed the whole school district just because in a part of the district there has been this segregation. QUESTION: This whole issue came up as a result of a leak -- THE PRESIDENT: That is right. QUESTION: Does that disturb you at all that it came up? THE PRESIDENT: It does because we had been proceeding since November down thessame path in a constructive way without any publicity. The leak didn't come from the White House. QUESTION: Do you think now the issue has been raised it will be crucial to the fall campaign? THE PRESIDENT: Not at all. FORD = 079833 Page 4 QUESTION: Mr. President, you said often you thought Hubert Humphrey would be your opponent and then you sort of switched your feeling a little bit toward Jimmy Carter. THE PRESIDENT: I started to count up the delegates, Saul. I can still add up to -- what is it, 1500 somebody has to have -- and he was making a lot of headway. QUESTION: In view of the opposition he has found all of a sudden, have you switched your sights back again? THE PRESIDENT: Yes, it has been moderated because Church has won, what, two, Brown has won two, so I think the pendulum may be swinging back a bit. QUESTION: Because of the emergence of Governor Carter, plus the acceptance of Brown and the acceptance of Governor Reagan for that matter, do you feel that this year might be a year when issues won't be as important as personalities, especially since all these men are running against Washington in one way or another? THE PRESIDENT: I would regret if the campaign would not be on issues. I think it is wholesome for the country to have a national election every four years based on issues. QUESTION: Is that why you said consistently you thought it would be a good race between yourself and Senator Humphrey? THE PRESIDENT: Yes, because we do have very specific, ideological differences and our records are clear. He has voted as many times as I have on various issues and I think a Humphrey-Ford contest would be ideologically a good contest for the American people. QUESTION: Remembering what happened to the Democrats four years ago, would you be willing to make the facilities of the FBI available to the Democratic nominee to check out his Vice Presidential choice prior to the announcement? The incumbent always -- Page 5 THE PRESIDENT: I hadn't thought of it. OUESTION: Just to make certain the country ins't embarrassed as it was four years ago. THE PRESIDENT: Let me think out loud so I can see how it sounds. If the Democratic Presidential candidate asks me as President, with full approval of the prospective nominee, full approval in writing, I would see no objection to it. But it would have to be in writing from the Presidential nominee, it would have to be concurred in by the Vice Presidential prospective nominee. Under those circumstances, I would see no objection. What do you think, Ron or Bob? MR. NESSEN: If it is not a violation of any law. THE PRESIDENT: If they put it in writing and ask me particularly, I wouldn't see any harm to it. QUESTION: The time factor would be awkward, though. THE PRESIDENT: Well, he didn't ask on the basis of the time factor. QUESTION: All right, let's bring the time factor into it. THE PRESIDENT: Well, there is a limit as to what can be done to get the thorough kind of a check I got. In my case 400 FBI agents took -- how long, Bob? MR. HARTMANN: Three or four weeks. THE PRESIDENT: Two, three or four weeks? I mean that is how long it took for them to make what they thought was a thorough check of my background. So you run into some logistic problems, that is what I guess we are saying. Page 6 QUESTION: But the fact that you would be willing to make them available -- THE PRESIDENT: But it would have to be in writing, requested and approved. QUESTION: Mr. President, there are rumors around in various sections of the country that several Republicans, Mayor Wilson of San Diego, Governor Evans of Washington, Senator Schweiker of Pennsylvania, have been approached by people saying the President is interested in you, would you be available for Vice President. THE PRESIDENT: I have authorized nobody. QUESTION: You have authorized none of this? THE PRESIDENT: I have not authorized anybody to make any inquiries to any prospective candidate. QUESTION: Mr. President, you mentioned that a contest between you and Senator Humphrey would represent an ideological -- THE PRESIDENT: On domestic matters, I should have said. QUESTION: That is on domestic matters. Can you characterize how you feel about a contest against Governor Carter? THE PRESIDENT: I am like a lot of Americans, I am not sure where he stands on a number of the issues that a President has to deal with. And I have read a number of news articles which pointed out that he has been somewhat inconsistent on a few issues. So I don't think a Ford-Carter contest would be nearly as clear cut as a Ford-Humphrey contest. LIBRARY FORD is GRENTH Page 7 QUESTION: In terms of political strategy and particularly in selecting a Vice Presidential running mate, do you think you would be more apt to choose a Southerner as your running mate if Governor Carter were to be the nominee or would you, on the other hand, be inclined to ride out the South and appeal to some other part of the country geographically? THE PRESIDENT: I don't think I should even make that kind of an evaluation at this stage of the Presidential contest. There could be so many other factors that would enter into it that to say categorically, if Carter were the nominee, yes, we are going to have a Southerner on the ticket. I think that would be very unwise at this juncture. QUESTION: Mr. President, do you see any justification at this point for reopening the investigation into the assassination of President Kennedy? THE PRESIDENT: Unless there is some new evidence, I would say there is no reason whatsoever. Just to reopen it, using the same evidence that the Warren Commission ut-lized, would not justify reopening it. QUESTION: And as a member of the Warren Commission, are you convinced or were you at that time convinced that the FBI and the CIA gave you the best available evidence? THE PRESIDENT: I believe that we got full cooperation for all Federal agencies at that time. Bear in mind what we said, now, we came to two conclusions, two basic conclusions, one, Lee Harvey Oswald was the assassin and then number two, the Warren Commission found no evidence of a conspiracy, foreign or domestic. And I emphasize we found no evidence because the original draft of the text by the staff said the Commission finds no conspiracy, foreign or domestic. We had quite a debate on the Commission and with the staff and we compromised by saying the Commission had found no evidence of a conspiracy, foreign or domestic. my Page 8 QUESTION: Sir, did you have any inkling at all about the plots against Castro at that time, during the Commission hearings? THE PRESIDENT: The CIA? QUESTION: Yes, if there were any plots at all. Were there any indications or hints off the record? THE PRESIDENT: Not to my recollection. QUESTION: Mr. President, can we talk politics about the California primary and particularly then we would like to get into the New Jersey and Ohio primaries since these gentlemen have come in from New Jersey and Ohio. First, how does California look to you right now? How important do you think it is going to be, at least a choice between you and Governor Reagan? THE PRESIDENT: I think we are an underdog. We had a good reception when we were out in California, good crowds, good enthusiasm. I think we made some headway. We are still an underdog but we have a fighting chance to win. QUESTION: What is your understanding of the situation in New Jersey right now? THE PRESIDENT: I think in both Ohio and New Jersey our prospects look very good. QUESTION: Do you anticipate a sweep in New Jersey? THE PRESIDENT: I don't like to talk in numbers and I don't like to, you know, outright predict victory. I just think our prospects look very optimistic. QUESTION: Your wife was in New Jersey yesterday, did she tell you -- report back? LIBRARY FORD Page 9 THE PRESIDENT: She called me last night, I was working in the office here. She felt the trip to New Jersey with Millicent Fenwick had been very worthwhile. She enjoyed it, thought it was productive. QUESTION: Do you intend to visit New Jersey before June 8? THE PRESIDENT: I haven't seen the final plans. QUESTION: You do plan to be in Ohio, sir, right? THE PRESIDENT: We hope to get to Ohio. There is one possibility that would be a non-political trip. QUESTION: How can that be right before the primary? THE PRESIDENT: Well, if -- are we talking about the same thing? You are from Cleveland? You work for Tom? QUESTION: Yes. I work for Mr. Vale. THE PRESIDENT: Well, all I know is that Tom Vail, who is heading up the Christian Jewish Dinner, invited me some months ago to be there on Sunday, June 6. QUESTION: Right. THE PRESIDENT: And if I accept, it will be on a strictly non-political basis. QUESTION: Will that be your only appearance there, sir? THE PRESIDENT: I think it will be because, if we do anything that is tied in politically, then the whole trip is political. So in my conversation with Tom it was clearly under it had to be limited to that one event. LIBRARY FORD Page 10 QUESTION: I'll go to the ultimate then, Mr. President. Will you be able to go back to California and still stay under this ceiling? THE PRESIDENT: We are looking at it, Saul. QUESTION: The same question with the ceiling, taking the ceiling into account, would a similar type of invitation bring you to New Jersey then? THE PRESIDENT: We run into the same problem. QUESTION: A non-political invitation,I am talking about. THE PRESIDENT: A completely non-political invitation protects us from violating the law. We certainly are not going to do that under any circumstances. QUESTION: You would accept something like that? THE PRESIDENT: We certainly would take an awful good look at it. QUESTION: You talked about the problem, do you mean a problem of money now, you are approaching the limit? THE PRESIDENT: We have enough money, it is a question of spending type money. QUESTION: While we are on the subject of politics, could we back track a bit and mention Millicent Fenwick. There are rumors ripe in New Jersey that you tried to persuade her to run for the U.S. Senate, and possibly Dr. Cowan and maybe several other Republicans this year. THE PRESIDENT: I don't have a recollection that I tried to talk Millicent into -- I think she is a tremendous public figure but I don't recall ever having a conversation with her about it. LIBRARY Page 11 QUESTION: The philosophy of this Administration has been to stimulate the private sector of the economy. Some people say this misses the old urban areas with their special pockets of need. For example, Jersey City, under the Community Development's Revenue Sharing Plan, gets $6 million a year, replacing considerably more than it received on the model cities and under the Titles 235 and 236. What can the Federal Government do to zero in on the special pockets of need in these old urban decaying areas? THE PRESIDENT: In the case of the Community Development Act, when the law was passed, it was specifically written intothe law that every community that had had money under the seven categorical grant programs, including model cities, should be held harmless, I think for four years. It was either four or five years. So whatever Jersey City was getting under the seven categorical grant program, they would get at least as much under the Community Development Program. I can't give you the figure but they wouldn't lose a penny and most cities would probably get more. Now turning to 235 and 236, I recommended 400,000 units, including public housing, for fiscal 1977. "In addition, I recommended several tax proposals which would give a tax incentive to a corporation to go into Jersey City or to Newark, wherever there was unemployment I think over 7.5 percent. The purpose being to accelerate the building of new plants, the expansion of old ones, the modernization of old plants. Now, in addition, we have the traditional things that are aimed at taking care of a temporary problem, such as SETA, public service jobs, summer youth employment programs and the extended and broadened unemployment compensation legislation. QUESTION: In that context, sir, why, then, did you veto the proposal to tie in the aid to unemployment ratio rather than to the per capital ratio? Page 12 THE PRESIDENT: In which legislation are you talking about? QUESTION: Let me see, I have a note here somewhere. THE PRESIDENT: We have had so many bills down here I can't recall that. You may be thinking of the proposed change in the formula for general revenue sharing, is that right? QUESTION: That's right, when Congress passed the bill to use unemployment as an index for distribution of Federal funds rather than per capita, that was vetoed. THE PRESIDENT: Then it isn't general revenue sharing, it must have been the so-called counter-cyclical. QUESTION: That is it. THE PRESIDENT: The problem there was not the formula, it was the amount of money. As I recall, it was a $6 billion proposal that was aimed at public works. Historically we know that massive. new public works programs usually come and have an impact on employment about 18 months after the unemployment has peaked and started downward. So we didn't think that program would have any immediate impact on the current unemployment, which that was about four months ago, as I recall, maybe five months ago. The benefits, if there would have been any, would have been well after the current unemployment problem was right on our doorstep. Besides it was a $6 billion add-on to two fiscal years and we just didn't think it was justified. 7803 Page 13 QUESTION: I think we are typical of a lot of LIBRARY cities our size and our age. We have roads, sewers and schools that are over 80 years old. We have tremendous FORD BEHALD normal capital needs and our unemployment rate even during boom time is higher than the average. It may be true nation- wide it takes 16 months or whatever for jobs to catch up with the unemployment, but that is not true in our area or in cities our age. Can there be any program tailored to cities like that? THE PRESIDENT: Let me just give you a couple of programs where there ought to be an impact -- and I would assume Jersey City or Newark would have the problem -- I recommended more money for water and sewer projects in fiscal 1977 than ever in the history, almost $7 billion in just local water and sewer programs. I urged -- well, I recommended, I didn't just urge, and Congress came up with some more rapid utilization of highway money. For example, some States -- and I don't recall whether New Jersey was one -- couldn't match Federal highway contributions. So, the Congress approved and I signed a bill for a period of nine months, as I recall, wiped out the need for State matching so that the Federal money could be used right away to build new highways and the States wouldn't be strapped to come up with their share. I would assume New Jersey has some highway needs that could have been met--at least Charlie Sandman always used to keep hitting me over the head that New Jersey needed some more highways built--and I am sure to a degree, whether Charlie is 100 percent right or not, I am sure there are some highways that had to be built in New Jersey. In addition, the housing alternative, well, it is not the housing alternative but the public works alternative, after I vetoed that bill, that I recommended -- it is called the Griffin-Brown substitute -- it was about $800 million, as I recall the figure. It was a program that was an alternative to the $6 billion program. If Congress would pass that, I think it would be far more effective than this long-range $6 billion program. I think there is a good prospect that they will do it, but it has been a three- or four-month lapse in the meantime. Page 14 Of course, then you have general revenue sharing. The cities of the size of Jersey City and Neward get a substantial cut of money under what we call general revenue sharing. QUESTION: Mr. President, one of the vital concerns in New Jersey deals with the military installations. There are constant reports, four or five of them now, that they will be transferred, or moved, and I wonder if your Adminis- tration can give any assurances to New Jersey as to your policies as far as this is concerned? THE PRESIDENT: Are any of those you are thinking about listed in the announcements which were made about a month or six weeks ago? I don't recall that any of them were. QUESTION: I don't think SO. THE PRESIDENT: If they were not listed at that time, there is no prospect of any such action. QUESTION: One has a 1979 remove date. THE PRESIDENT: Fort Dix is the one I think most people were worried about and as I recollect Dix was not on that list. QUESTION: At Fort Monmouth now there is a radio installation there. THE PRESIDENT: As I recall, that was relatively small. QUESTION: Four hundred people, and it represents something like 25 percent of the counties when they calculate the ripple effect. THE PRESIDENT: If that was on the list, it is in the process where the Defense Department has to conduct an environmental economic impact statement in every case where there is a realignment or where there is a closure. Until those two impact statements are finalized, no decision, no final decision is made. LIBRARY Eye, BEHALE Page 15 But let me just present to you what the problem is LIBRARY in a broad context because everyplace I go where there is a base closure or a realignment, including my own State of and Michigan, where they are closing a SAC base up in the Northern Peninsula where the county has 20 percent or more unemployment and they are going to close -- they are going through this closing process, and it will lose them about 2,500 jobs, civilian jobs, and take away about 3,000 or 4,000 military jobs. They have unemployment of 20 percent or more, and you can imagine the impact if they close that base. It is a pretty emotional issue up there, as well as substantive. Just take a look at the set of facts. Five years ago, four or five years ago, we had 3,500,000 men on active duty in the Army, Navy, Air Force and Marines. Today we have 2,100,000. You can't justify having the same base structure for 2,100,000 when you had at one time 3,500,000. Nobody can justify all of the basès that we had for 3,500,000 when you reduce your military manpower by 1,400,000. Plus, in the last ten years Congress has cut President Johnson's budget, President Nixon's budget and my budget of the Defense Department by over $45 billion, including a $7 billion cut last summer. The cut they imposed on me last summer was 9 percent across -- that is what it averaged out. So, here we are with 1,400,000 fewer people and $45 billion less money to spend, including a 9 percent cut imposed by the Congress last year. Now, something has to give, unless they can give me a better answer. You couldn't run your papers that way and I can't run, or Rumsfeld can't run the Defense Department that way. They got your appropriation bill. We have 1,400,000. That is more than a one-third reduction. It is about a 40 percent reduction in personnel. You just can't keep all these bases open. QUESTION: Mr. President, the concern out in New Jersey is not the same right now as concern in Ohio, which is Wayne Hays (Laughter) and without getting into that case in particular -- Page 16 QUESTION: You can get into it, if you like, though, sir. THE PRESIDENT: That is one I am delighted to stay out of. (Laughter) QUESTION: Do you think this kind of thing and other instances, similar instances which tend to bring down the Congress in the eyes of the public, would tend also to hurt you in the era of the anti-Washington campaign? THE PRESIDENT: I don't see how an incident that is related exclusively to the Congress should have any impact on this Administration. I guess we all live in Washington, but it is so clearly identified with Congress and has no relationship to the White House that I doubt that it will have any impact at all as far as I am concerned. QUESTION: How then do you evaluate the Brown phenomena? Do you see that as part of the anti-Washington movement? I mean, he came out to Maryland and did very well in less than a month. THE PRESIDENT: I can't explain it. QUESTION: I can't either. I was hoping you might be able to. THE PRESIDENT: I can't explain it completely. QUESTION: Is it part of the search for Camelot, do you think, you know, going back to Kennedy, he is new, he is young? THE PRESIDENT: It certainly very easily could have that impact, but whether I agreed with Jack Kennedy or not, he had had some exposure and some experience to some of the problems invoving the Federal Government, and to my knowledge Governor Brown has had none. QUESTION: Wouldn't that be the case with Governor Carter as well, Mr. President? THE PRESIDENT: Well, he got educated by the Federal Government. (Laughter) LIBRARY FORD Page 17 QUESTION: That is true, and he worked for a pretty smart teacher out in the Navy Department. But aren't you then closing the door on Governors and opening it to men like Senators and Cabinet members, or Congressmen, for that matter? THE PRESIDENT: The facts are that people who have been in Washington doknowmore about the Federal problems that involve defense, the foreign policy and related matters. Nobody can deny that, Saul. I am not saying people can't learn, but believe me, you see that pile of red things up there? That is a couple of months' collection of very complicated matters: involving SALT II and you just don't sit down and read a book and become an expert on SALT II, I can assure you of that. So, I think a person who has had some exposure to that does have an advantage. QUESTION: You won't get an argument from Hubert on that. (Laughter) BERALD QUESTION: Quite obviously, then, this would indicate that when you look around for a runningmate, you 7703 will look first in. Washington. Are we to presume that? THE PRESIDENT: Not necessarily, no. I think the job of being Vice President is different than being President. It is my feeling that a person can serve for a period of time as Vice President and have an exposure to many of these issues that a President has to deal with. So, I would feel more comfortable with somebody who works on the kind of problems we have in the office of the President, but I would not have any concern as far as the Vice President is concerned. QUESTION: What is your timetable as to an announce- ment of a running mate? THE PRESIDENT: Probably at the Convention, maybe shortly before. QUESTION: Mr. President, do you believe that all potential Vice Presidential candidates should undergo similar scrutiny to the kind you were subjected to? The were a little rough on you, of course. Page 18 THE PRESIDENT: It would be helpful, but I am not sure of the time factors, Saul. QUESTION: You have the same problems as the BENNE Democrats do? THE PRESIDENT: Absolutely, sure. QUESTION: When would you expect to begin making up your mind, assuming you are nominated? THE PRESIDENT: I am sure after the primaries are all over and the convention and State nominations have been pretty well firmed up, which comes the middle or the third week in July, for us, anyhow -- no, June, I am sorry -- we will start winnowing down and making some choices. But, I wouldn't expect any announcement until at or perhaps just before the convention. QUESTION: Mr. President, the Government is about to begin leasing off-shore oil sites off New Jersey. I understand your Administration opposes a Congressional proposal which would compensate for on-shore impact for spillage and so forth. THE PRESIDENT: That isn't quite accurate. I have seen memos from various departments which would indicate an objection to the bill that is currently going through the Congress. But that doesn't mean we are opposed to aid and assistance for shore communities or shore States. Our approach is a different one from what appears to be the approach that is -- I guess the Senate has passed its bill. The House is in the process of passing it. But, the trouble is they have loaded that bill up with a lot of other things that don't relate just to this particular problem. QUESTION: What would be your ideal type of legis- lation as far as compensation? THE PRESIDENT: We sent up a proposal -- I have forgotten, it must have been the latter part of last year, didn't we -- which would have given direct funds from the Federal Treasury to the shore areas which have the specific impact from off-shore oil leasing. Page 19 I can't remember the formula part of it, but it would have been a substantial program. QUESTION: Mr. President, Ron Nessen -- and I have to live with him -- has given me the signal. THE PRESIDENT: Why don't you ask one or two more? QUESTION: Mr. President, could you give me some ideas as to the considerations that will go into your thinking when you start selecting a Vice President? Vice President Rockefeller said yesterday that he is in his own mind convinced, for example, you would not pick Governor Reagan because a man, as he said this is paraphrasing, not quoting-- because a man who is drawn to the right of center in a campaign certainly couldn't go even further right in his choice of a running mate. Is there a basis in fact for that sort of a thought? THE PRESIDENT: At this point, Saul, I don't think it is appropriate for me to identify any individual. I don't think I should exclude anybody. Now, Governor Reagan has himself indicated he wouldn't be interested but that doesn't prevent me from still keeping him in mind. Now, Governor Rockefeller has done the same thing, except he put it in writing in a letter to me. But to winnow it down at this stage, I think it is just premature for a number of reasons. QUESTION: Do you feel, though, Mr. President, that a man who is to be considered as Vice President should have geographical balance or a nice fat load of electoral votes he can bring with him? THE PRESIDENT: Those are two things that we certainly consider. But the one thing that I think I want --- because after all you have to, in effect, live with him for four years -- is some personal compatability, a comfortable relationship. Now, that doesn't indicate I am thinking of anybody or excluding anybody, but I think you have to have a personal compatibility or it would just be an unwholesome situation. 666060 Page 20 QUESTION: A lot of people would be wondering about their compatibility if they ever read this. THE PRESIDENT: Yes, but I was very careful to say it was not related to any individual or several individuals. But, I think, you know, that is a working relationship. LISA Page 21 QUESTION: I had a staff delegation ask me to ask you what can the Federal Government do about the Postal Service. I know immediately you can't but there must come a time when the postal rates go so high and the service gets so bad, is there any point in time where you can see you might have to step in and do something? THE PRESIDENT: We are negotiating with the Congress right now because the deficit of the Post Office Department has increased, and the Post Office, or the Postal Service, wants us to recommend I think it is a $500 million add-on to the money we have already recommended for them as a deficit. I am reluctant to do that. Congress would like to but they don't want to do it unless we will join with them. Now on the other hand the Postal Service has the authority to borrow -- I think they have additional borrowing authority up to about $4 billion. They don't want to do that because that makes their operation look a little less efficient and economical. So what we are doing is sitting down with the people up on the Hill to possibly have a high level, very knowledgeable panel that would analyze the Postal Service and see from an independent point of view what their problems have been, what can be done to remedy it. Now we are not going to have a 12 to 18 month study because I don't think it takes that. There are enough knowledgeable people around who can look at the facts and see just what the difficulty is. If that was done, I would want that study available by early spring at the latest. I think that is enough time for them, if not before. They have increased their efficiency, they have cut out about 60,000 jobs and they are delivering X number more pieces of mail. So they have improved their ratio between jobs and pieces of mail delivered. 3 On the other hand, their costs have gone up. Their employee costs have gone up. They have had two wage negotiations and some people allege that they were too generous in their settlements with the Union. I have no way of judging that, that is what they settled on. They say, the Post Office Department says that independent auditors coming in have found that their delivery system of articles of mail has improved. I have no way of judging it. They showed me the figures and these figures indicate that a higher percentage of mail from A to B gets there more quickly than it used to. But I think we have to bring in some outside people to take a look and see whether they are managing it well, what can be done to try to improve it. I know we get a lot of complaints and they have been trying to close these uneconomical post offices and they have a lot of them. I don't know how many in New Jersey, I am sure they have a few. But they have been trying to not irritate people. They wait until a Postmaster dies before they close the Post Office and their longevity is very extended. It is a tough problem but there is so much con- troversy, so many mixed views I think you have to have some outside people come in and look at it. QUESTION: Mr. President, one last question on military installations, will you review any proposed transfers, or is that strictly a Defense Department decision? THE PRESIDENT: I will say it is 99 percent the Defense Department's decision. I will get the information. QUESTION: That one percent would consist of -- THE PRESIDENT: I get the information, but I think the prime responsibility falls on the shoulders of the Defense Department. That is why we have 2 million 100 thousand people over there, including Secretaries of Defense, Army, Navy, Air Force and Marines. SERVICE 6801 Page 23 GERALO arns QUESTION: One last question, Mr. President. We haven't mentioned Henry Kissinger here and that has distinguished this meeting. (Laughter) How comfortable are you with our relations abroad? I know we are at peace and all that. What are our prospects in the Middle East? THE PRESIDENT: I think we have had some good news lately. The Syrians have agreed to extend UNDOF without any conditions. Despite a news story in a prominent news- paper yesterday morning, the Israeli Government was not unhappy with the way Bill Scranton handled the settlement issue there. I don't know how that newspaper got off on the wrong foot but Ambassador Herzog of Israel straightened out the record. So I think we are slowly but surely making progress. The Sinai Agreement has gone excellently. A real problem -- and this is a tragedy -- is Lebanon. It is the most mixed up situation I have ever seen. You have elements that ought to be together on opposite sides -- Christians and the Syrians working together, the radical Palestinians working with the Egyptians,. you have Israel trying to protect its interests as best it can. There are lots of people who think that if the Syrians went in there and restored order, that would be the best answer. That is what some people say. But the minute Syria goes in, then Israel is going to go in. Then you have a battle between Syria on the one hand and Israel on the other. Those are just about half of the contraditions that are going on there. QUESTION: It sounds like New Jersey Democratic politics. (Laughter) THE PRESIDENT: Then you get Jumblatt's sister assassinated yesterday. It just makes no sense, absolutely. You have Franchi, who has agreed to resign as President and he won't turn over the papers until -- and they have picked a new President but they can't negotiate that transfer of power. You know, it is just unbelievable. THE PRESS: Mr. President, thank you very much. END (AT 3:09 P.M. EDT) PET THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON June 1, 1976 CERALO FORD LICENSE MEMORANDUM FOR: PHIL BUCHEN FROM: BARRY ROTH Attached is a copy of the portion of the transcript from the interview of the President by Newhouse Newspapers that deals with the use of the FBI to investigate a prospective Democratic Vice Presidential nominee at the request of the Presidential nominee. The President did not refer to the Eagleton matter, although the reporter asking the question did elude to the experience of the Democrats in 1972. In addition, the President stated he was only thinking out loud and Ron Nessen conditioned the response by adding that as long as to do so was not a violation of law. The FBI's authority to conduct personnel investigations stems from regulations promulgated by the Attorney General (28 CFR, Subpart P.). These regulations provide that, subject to the general supervision of the Attorney General and under the direction of the Deputy Attorney General, the Director of the FBI shall "conduct personnel investiga- tions requisite to the work of the Department of Justice and whenever required by statute or otherwise. " Initial reaction from the Deputy Attorney General's office is that such investigations could be con- ducted, but that they might first require the approval of the Attorney General. They have asked OLC to examine this question further and to report back in the next several days. Regardless of the philosophical considerations that are involved, there are numerous practical problems that would have to be considered. First, as the President pointed out, his own investigation required the use of some 400 FBI agents and took 3-4 weeks to complete. Even if the major Democratic nominees were to select several Vice Presidential candidates who then consented to such an investigation, it would be difficult for the FBI to conduct detailed investigations of more than several candidates in an equivalent amount of time. -2- Additionally, this could subject the FBI and the President to political attacks concerning either the failure to discover or disclose possible derogatory information or the leaking of such information, Merely utilizing the FBI for alast minute name check of a prospective Vice Presidential nominee would probably be too cursory to have any meaning. Should we receive additional inquiries in this regard, a suggested response should indicate that the President's comments were based on his own confirmation experiences and the FBI investigation that was then conducted. While the President does not object to the concept of such investigations with the written consent of the prospective nominee, there are numerous practical problems, such as the length of time necessary for an investigation, that must be considered. Justice has no objection to this response. GERALD. R. FORD LIBRARY INVESTIGATION OF A PROSPECTIVE DEMOCRATIC VICE PRESIDENTIAL NOMINEE Question Mr. President, you recently stated that you would make available the facilities of the FBI at the request of the Democratic Presidential nominee to investigate a prospective Vice Presidential nominee prior to the decision. What is your position? Answer The idea of such an investigation was recently raised in a question by a reporter, at which time I stated that I saw no objection to an investigation, as long as it was requested in writing by the Presidential nominee with the written concurrence of the prospective Vice Presidential nominee. On the basis of my experience during the Vice Presidential confirmation process, I am not troubled by the thought of such an investigation. If the Democratic nominee requests the assistance of the FBI for this purpose, to the extent permitted by law, I would comply with that request. However, as I raised with the reporter, there are practical problems that must be considered, for example, the length of time an investiga- tion of this magnitude takes to complete. In my case, it took approximately 400 FBI agents 3-4 weeks to complete their work. Unless the current selection procedures are substantially modified, this could not be done. GERALD R. FORD PWB/BNR 6/2/76 fule up Selection 94TH CONGRESS 2D SESSION S. 3552 GENALD IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES JUNE 10 (legislative day, JUNE 3), 1976 Mr. BROCK introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Rules and Administration A BILL To provide for an investigation of the character and past activi- ties of potential Vice-Presidential nominees by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. 1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa- 2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, 3 That, for purposes of this Act, the term- 4 (1) "Presidential primary" means any election held 5 for the expression of a preference by the voters of a 6 State for the nomination of a candidate for election to 7 the office of President; 8 (2) "political party" means any political party 9 whose candidate for election to the office of President in 10 the most recently conducted Presidential election re- II 3 2 1 ceived more than 10 per centum of the total number of 1 tion for the selection of the candidate of that 2 votes cast throughout the United States for all such 2 party for election to the office of President stat- 3 candidates, treating votes cast for the election of Presi- 3 ing that such delegate intends to vote for the 4 dential and Vice-Presidential electors who are affiliated 4 nomination of that individual as the candidate 5 with a political party as votes cast for the Presidential 5 of that party for election to the office of Presi- 6 candidate of that party; 6 dent when the convention is held. 7 (3) "national nominating convention" means a 7 For purposes of clause (ii), an individual shall be 8 convention held by a political party for the purpose of 8 considered to have furnished a substantial number of 9 nominating the candidate of that party for the office of 9 statements from delegaites to the national nominat- 10 President; and 10 ing convention of a political party if he has furnished 11 (4) "Presidential candidate" means an individual 11 the greatest, next greatest, or third greatest number 12 who- 12 of statements from such delegates in comparison 13 (A) is qualified under the Constitution to serve 13 to the number of statements furnished by all other 14 as President if elected to that office; and 14 such individuals, or if he has furnished statements 15 (B) files with the Attorney General, not later 15 from 10 per centum of such delegates. 16 than thirty days before the date on which the na- 16 SEC. 2. (a) (1) Whenever there is a vacancy in the 17 tional nominating convention of a political party is 17 office of the Vice President, the President may, in writing, 18 scheduled to begin- 18 request that the Attorney General investigate not more than 19 (i) a statement in writing personally 19 ten individuals listed in such request by the President as po- 20 signed by him stating that he is a candidate 20 tential Vice-Presidential nominees. 21 for nomination of that party for election to the 21 (2) A Presidential candidate may, in writing, request 22 office of President, and 22 the Attorney General to investigate not more than ten in- 23 (ii) a substantial number of statements 23 dividuals listed in such request by the Presidential candidate 24 in writing each of which is personally signed 24 as potential Vice-Presidential nominees. 25 by a delegate entitled to vote in such conven- 25 (3) The Attorney General, upon receiving a written re- 4 5 1 quest from the President under paragraph (1) or from a 1 requested the investigation and by one other person desig- 2 Presidential candidate under paragraph (2), shall direct the 2 nated by such candidate, but only if such candidate has been 3 Federal Bureau of Investigation to conduct an investigation 3 nominated by the national nominating convention of the 4 of the individuals listed in such request. The investigation 4 political party with which he is affiliated. Any such inspec- 5 shall be of the same nature, extent, and scope as an investi- 5 tion shall be carried out on premises designated by the At- 6 gation conducted by the Federal Bureau of Investigation in 6 torney General and in the presence of an employee of the 7 connection with the granting of a top secret security clear- 7 Federal Bureau of Investigation who shall be the custodian 8 ance to any individual employed by the United States. 8 of such evidence and information. No copy, record, or memo- 9 (b) The Attorney General shall notify each individual 9 randum of any matter contained in such evidence and infor- 10 who is the subject of an investigation conducted under this 10 mation shall be made by the candidate or the person desig- 11 Act when such investigation is completed and shall give such 11 nated by the candidate to inspect the evidence and informa- 12 individual an opportunity to review the evidence and infor- 12 tion, and no part of such evidence or information shall be 13 mation obtained through such investigation. No evidence or 13 removed from the custody of the Federal Bureau of 14 information obtained by an investigation conducted under 14 Investigation. 15 subsection (a) shall be released to any person without the 15 SEC. 3. (a) Upon the nomination of a candidate for 16 written consent of the individual who is the subject of the 16 the office of Vice President by the President acting under 17 investigation. 17 the twenty-fifth article of amendment to the Constitution 18 (c) If an individual investigated under subsection (a) 18 of the United States, all evidence and information relat- 19 consents in writing, as provided under subsection (b), to 19 ing to such candidate obtained from an investigation au- 20 the disclosure of the evidence and information obtained in 20 thorized in section 2 shall be forwarded to the appropriate 21 that investigation, the Attorney General shall permit inspec- 21 committees of the Congress. Upon the confirmation of such 22 tion of such evidence and information by the President who 22 candidate by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, 23 requested the investigation and by one other person desig- 23 all evidence and information relating to other potential Vice- 24 nated by the President, or by the Presidential candidate who 24 Presidential nominees obtained from an investigation au- 6 1 thorized in section 2 shall be destroyed, and no memoran- 2 dum, copy, or other record of such evidence or information 3 shall be retained. 4 (b) Upon the nomination of a candidate for election to 5 the office of Vice President by the national nominating con- 6 vention of a political party, all evidence and information 7 relating to potential Vice-Presidential nominees of that party 8 obtained from an investigation authorized in section 2 shall 9 be destroyed, and no memorandum, copy, or other record 10 of such evidence or information shall be retained. 11 SEC. 4. No evidence or information obtained under or in 12 connection with an investigation carried out under this Act 13 shall be admissible in any proceeding before any court of the 14 United States or of any State. 15 SEC. 5. The disclosure, release, or retention of evidence 16 or information in violation of the provisions of this Act shall 17 be punishable by a fine not to exceed $50,000, imprison- 18 ment for not to exceed five years, or both. 94TH CONGRESS 2D SESSION S. 3552 A BILL To provide for an investigation of the character and past activities of potential Vice-Presi- dential nominees by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. By Mr. BROCK JUNE 10 (legislative day, JUNE 3), 1976 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Rules and Administration 078838