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Pine Ridge - Harper's Ferry Meeting

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The original documents are located in Box 4, folder "Pine Ridge - Harper's Ferry Meeting" of the Bradley H. Patterson Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Copyright Notice The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Gerald Ford donated to the United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Digitized from Box 4 of the Bradley H. Patterson Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library OF United States Department of the Interior BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS WASHINGTON, D.C. 20245 March 3, 1849 IN REPLY REFER TO: JUN 7 1976 Memorandum To: Dr. Theodore Marrs Special Assistant to the President From: Commissioner of Indian Affairs Subject: Proposed Meeting on Pine Ridge sponsored by American Arbitration Association Based on conversations between Tom Colosi of the American Arbitration Association (AAA) and Ted Krenzke of my staff, I am aware of a proposed meeting tentatively scheduled for June 29 through July 1 at the Wingspread Conference Center at Racine, Wisconsin, which would be sponsored by AAA and involve representatives of the Oglala Sioux Tribe and those of the admin- istration, including particularly the White House, the Justice Department, and the BIA. Mr. Colosi has recently met in Minneapolis with a group of Oglala traditionalists, and on May 28 met with Al Trimble, the newly seated President of the Oglala Sioux Tribal Council, for purposes of discussing this meeting. From the Minneapolis meeting Mr. Colosi reports the desire of the traditionalists to discuss with the Administration a number of subjects relating to "public safety" on the Reservation, as well as the matter of compliance by the United States with the 1868 Fort Laramie Treaty. The Bureau believes the Administration should take a positive stance toward participation in a meeting such as is being proposed. We are encouraged by the indication of involvement by elected members of the Oglala Sioux tribal government and feel that, in general, a more favorable climate for dealing positively with the problems at Pine Ridge now exists than at any time in recent years. While strong arguments can undoubtedly be made for stating an immediate willingness of top level Administration attendance at the June 29 - July 1 session on an unconditional basis, we hold the position that measurable success from such a meeting would be significantly enhanced through careful planning and preparation by both sides. REVOLUTION AMERICAN BICENTENNIAL 1776-1976 T R 2- As you will recall, the original concept of AAA involvement at Pine Ridge was to address problems of serious cleavage within the Pine Ridge community. In approaching this problem, the AAA indicated they would contact all elements of the community and attempt to gain their participation in a mediation process. Now the proposal is considerably different and the focus is apparently on relations between the Oglala Sioux and the Federal government. We believe such discussions to be entirely appropriate. However, to date it appears that AAA's only in-depth discussions have been with the traditionalists and while Mr. Trimble has indicated a willingness to participate, there so far has not even been any discussion of the issues between him and other members of the tribal governing body, and the group of traditionalists who have been meeting with AAA. In brief, we continue to believe that any meeting with Administration representatives should have been preceded by broad discussion of the issues at Pine Ridge in forums in which all of the various elements of the community have had a chance to participate. We are not satisfied that this has taken place to date. From such a process we would envision the emergence of a fairly clear determination of the issues which are of most concern to the Pine Ridge people and which could readily be translated into agenda items for the meeting. These proposed agenda items should then be transmitted to the Administration in such a time and manner that they may be given sufficient consideration to prepare meaningful responses for the meeting. In general, it is my belief that the Pine Ridge people should be afforded an opportunity to discuss as broad a range of issues of concern to them as possible. In summary, I recommend that the AAA be given a clear indication of the willingness of the Administration to participate in a meeting of the kind they have proposed. Since the issues are virtually certain to cross the lines of various of the Federal agencies, I would urge that you assume the lead role in such a meeting, with suitable representation from the BIA, the Justice Department, and any other Federal agency as deemed appropriate based on the agenda. Prior to the meeting there should have been substantial discussion of the issues among the varied elements of the Pine Ridge community. The results of such discussion should lead to a proposed agenda which should be given to the Admin- istration sufficiently in advance of the meeting in order to prepare meaningful responses and determine its participants. If you concur in this approach, I recommend that you advise Mr. Colosi accordingly. If you have other views on it, I believe you and I should get together as soon as possible to discuss the matter further. AMERICAN ARBITRATION ASSOCIATION 1730 RHODE ISLAND AVE., N.W., SUITE 509 WASHINGTON, D.C. 20036 (202) 296-8510 50th ANNIVERSARY 1926-1976 THOMAS R. COLOSI / ce Pres cert National Alta is June 17, 1976 Ms. Bobbie Kilberg Associate Counsel to the President Old Executive Office Building Washington, D. C. 20500 Dear Bobbie: In response to your recent request, below I have attempted to state the positions of the Lakota Treaty Council and the Elected Tribal Council on issues concerning the Pine Ridge Reservation. I have also enclosed supporting docu- ments, from which the positions are drawn. Both groups recognize and acknowledge serious problems on the Reservation, of particular immediate concern being "law and order.' Both see increased economic and political independence of the residents as the long-term solution to the problems. The Elected Tribal Council leadership di- verge from the Lakota Treaty Council leadership on the basic approach to achieving this goal of greater indepen- dence. VIEWPOINT OF ELECTED TRIBAL COUNCIL Holds the opinion that problems at Pine Ridge are the re- sult of basic economic depression on the Reservation, due to a general lack of opportunities open to residents (see document 1). Seeks the assistance of the Federal govern- ment in implementing several inter-related plans to alle- viate economic ills and to strengthen the sense of community on the Reservation (see documents 2, 3). With aid in es- tablishing the certain strategic programs outlined, the Reservation will develop as a viable economic and political unit. The philosophy of the Tribal Council is well stated on the last page of document 3. TORO GERALD LIBRARY Charlotte Chicago Cincinnati Cleveland Datias New Brunswick, N.J. New York Philade/phia Phoen Pitroburgh San Diego D.C HEADQUARTERS: 140 West 51st Street, New York N.Y. 10020 VIEWPOINT OF LAKOTA TREATY COUNCIL Current problems at Pine Ridge are the result of socio- economic demoralization of residents of the Reservation due to alleged violations of the 1868 Fort Laramie Treaty and other treaties by the U.S. government, and the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 (see documents A, B). Seeks a forum (e.g. Presidential Treaty Review Commission, World Court, United Nations) to review the actions of the U.S. government in honoring treaties. Based on this review, seeks compensation and reparation for violations of the 1868 Treaty and finally, acknowledgement of the Treaty as authority for sovereignty of Indian residents at Pine Ridge (see documents C,D,E). Sincerely, Thomas R. Colosi Vice President Enclosures Acceptance address of Al Trimble, provided in packet of materials at meeting at White House, 6/8/76 1 THE PEOPLE OF THE OGLALA SIOUX TRIBE ASKED ME TO LEAD OUR TRIBAL GOVERNMENT INTO AN ERA OF GREAT CHANGE. THE CHANGES THEY MANDATE INCLUDE ALMOST EVERY FACET OF THE LIVES WE LIVE ON PINE RIDGE RESERVATION, BUT THEY ARE NOT COMPLEX SOCIAL OR ECONOMIC CHANGES WHICH TAX THE SKILLS AND CAPABILITIES OF A PEOPLE LADEN WITH DEVELOPMENTAL PROBLEMS ALREADY COMPLICATING THEIR LIVES - ALTHOUGH THERE WILL BE THESE KINDS OF CHALLENGES TO CONTEND WITH. THE CHANGES DEMANDED BY OUR PEOPLE ARE THOSE THAT LEAD US BACK TO A SINGLE DECENCY: TO TIMES so CHERISHED BY OUR OLDER AND EVEN MIDDLE-AGED PEOPLE, WHEN PEACE AND TRANZQUILITY ON THE RESERVATION WAS A QUALITY OF LIFE COMMON TO ALL THE PEOPLE. THE PEOPLE DEMAND NOW THAT OPPORTUNITIES, TO BETTER THEIR OWN LIVES, BE OFFERED ON THE BASIS OF EQUALITY AND JUSTICE TO MEET THEIR NEEDS AND DESIRES. THEY DEMAND THAT ALL AREAS OF GOVERNMENT, WHICH EXIST TO RENDER SERVICES AS THE NEED IS EVIDENT - REGARDLESS OF THE IDENTITY OF THE PERSON IN NEED. BASICALLY THEN, THE OGLALA SIOUX PEOPLE ARE DEMANDING NOTHING MORE THAN THE ABILITY TO PURSUE HAPPINESS AND SATISFACTION IN THEIR LIVES - WITHOUT THREAT OR PUTDOWN FROM THEIR FELLOW OGLALA SKOUX CITIZENS. WE ALL TOO SADLY REALIZE THAT THE PINE RIDGE RESERVATION IS DEPECTED NATIONALLY, AND EVEN INTERNATIONALLY AS A COMMUNITY -2- WHICH DEPRIVES THESE QUALITIES TO A LARGE SEGMENT OF ITS OWN PEOPLE. WE REALIZE THAT REGARDLESS OF FACTS WHICH WOULD SHOW THE GREAT MAJORITY OF OUR PEOPLE AS HONORABLE, DECENT AND LAW-ABIDING, OUR IMAGE IS ONE OF A CORRUPTED COMMUNITY, IN WHICH ALL OF ONE SEGMENT OF OUT SOCIETY, PRACTICES MISTREATMENT AND TYRANNY OVER THE REMAINING SEGMENT. TO CORRECT THIS PICTURE WILL REQUIRE THE WILLINGNESS OF EVERY ONE OF OUR OGLALA CITIZENS TO SET ASIDE MISTRUST AND PREJUDICE - IN FAVOR OF THE BROTHERHODDS THAT MUST PREVAIL IF WE ARE TO CONTINUE TO EXIST AS A TRIBE ONE NATION WITH LOVE AND CONCERN FOR ALL OUR BROTHERS AND SISTERS. TO EQUALIZE THE RENDERING OF OPPORTUNITIES IN SUCH AREA AS JOBS, HOUSING, BUSINESS ENTRY AND SIMILAR WOULD SEEM MUCH MORE DIFFICULT IN CONCEPT; BECAUSE OPPORTUNITIES HAVE NEVER BEEN EVEN NEARLY ADEQUATE FOR ALL ON THIS RESERVATION AND TO RENDER TO ONE IN NEED ALMOST CERTAINLY MEANS TO DEPRIVE ANOTHER OF WHAT HE HOLDS. BUT WHEN WE SPEAK OF OPPORTUNITY FOR TRIBAL MEMBERS WE DO NOT SPEAK OF PRIVATE PROPERTY. WE SPEAK OF OPPORTUNITIES AVAILED TO THE PEOPLE BY THEIR TRIBE OR GOVERNMENT WHICH ARE JUSTIFIED AND ESTABLISHED TO ASSIST THOSE WITH THE MOST NEED. AND IT IS THIS AREA OF SERVICE THAT THE OGLALA SIOUX TRIBAL GOVERN- MENT MUST RESPOND WITH REAL CONCERN FOR ITS PEOPLE - TO EFFECT THE CHANGES THAT ARE DEMANDED. SO WHILE THIS TALK MAY SEEM MORE DIFFICULT THAN THAT OF AMELIORATING MISTRUST AND PREJUDICE AMONG OUT PEOPLE, IT IS REALLY MORE SIMPLE TO ACCOMPLISH BECAUSE IT ONLY REQUIRES POSITIVE ACTION ON THE PART OF A DETERMINED TRIBAL GOVERNMENT AND ITS LEADERSHIP. THIS, I BELIEVE, IS WHAT THE PEOPLE DEMAND IN PUTTING TRIBAL LEADERSHIP IN OUR HANDS. IF THERE IS ONE SINGLE ELEMENT EFFECTING THE QUALITY OF LIVING ON THE PINE RIDGE RESERVATION WHICH IS NOT PRIMARILY IN THE HANDS OF TRIBAL GOVERNMENT TO CHANGE, IT IS THE SYSTEM OF LAW ENFORCEMENT AND JUSTICE WHICH IS SUPPOSED TO SERVE - NOT DOMINATE - THE COMMUNITY. -3- THIS ELEMENT OF TRIBAL LIFE IS NOW CONTROLLED BY THE FEDERAL BUREAUCRACY AND COURTS WHICH APPEAR MORE DETERMINED TO CAUSE AND MAINTAIN BREAKDOWN AND FAILURE IN THE PEACEKEEPING PROCESS, THAN IN SUPPORTING A SELF-DETERMINED TRIBAL GOVERNMENT. WE CAN CHANGE - WE CAN RESTORE TRIBAL AND COMMUNITY CONTROL OF TRIBAL LAW ENFORCEMENT: WE CAN UPGRADE OUT TRIBAL JUDICIAL SYSTEM; BUT WE MUST EXERT EVERY PRESSURE AND INFLUENCE AT OUR COMMAND TO BRING ABOUT A MORE EFFECTIVE ATTITUDE ON THE PART OF THE JUSTICE DEPARTMENT AND THE FEDERAL COURT SYSTEM. TRIBAL GOVERNMENT MUST NOT CONTINUE TO BE TREATED AS AN UNWANTED STEPCHILD OF THE FEDERAL COURT SYSTEM; THE JUSTICE DEPARTMENT MUST CEASE TO TREAT OUR PEOPLE AS ALIENS IN THEIR OWN LAND AND THE FBI MIGHT SOME DAY LEARN THAT CRIMINALITY IS AN EXCEPTION TO OUR CULTURE AND NOT A PART OF IT. THE GREATER TASK YET MIGHT BE TO CONVINCE THE BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS THAT THE UPPER ECHELONS OF ITS LAW ENFORCEMENT DIVISION DOES NOT EXIST AS A BUREAUCRATIC HAVEN FOR NON-INDIANS WITH LITTLE UNDERSTANDING OF OUR COMMUNITY NEEDS. IN FACT, ALL THE BUREAU MIGHT LEARN THAT INDIANS DO NOT EXIST FOR THE PURPOSE OF MAINTAINING THE BIA - BUT THAT THE BIA CAN EXIST ONLY AS IT EFFECTIVELY SERVES INDIAN PEOPLE. IN SPEAKING OF THOSE POSITIVE ACTIONS THAT TRIBAL GOVERNMENT CAN AND MUST TAKE TO BETTER THE QUALITY OF LIVING FOR ITS PEOPLE, RESERVATION DEVELOPMENT, OF COURSE, IS GENERALLY HELD TO BE THE KEY. WE DO NOT QUARREL WITH THE CONCEPT THAT INDUSTRIES WHICH CREATE JOBS FOR THE PEOPLE MUST BE SOUGHT AFTER AND DEVELOPED. THE PINE RIDGE RESERVATION HAS SHOWN SIGNIFICANT DEVELOPMENT AND PROGRESS IN THIS AREA. WE MUST CONTINUE THIS DEVELOPMENT IN WAYS THAT REACH MORE AND MORE PEOPLE IN THE OUTLYING DISTRICTS OF THE RESERVATION. FORD LIBRARY -4- BUT WHILE WE CONTINUE THIS EFFORT WE MUST REMIND OURSELVES THAT OUR MOST VALUABLE AND P CIOUS RESOURCE; OUR LAND - ALL THE LAND WITHIN THE BOUNDARIES OF OUR RESERVATION NATION, IS THE MOST UNDERUSED FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF OUR PEOPLE, AND THE MOST OVER-EXPLOITED BY THE NON-INDIAN PEOPLE WHOM WE HAVE PERMITTED TO USE AND GAIN OWNERSHIP OF IT. LANDS OF VAST ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE TO THE TRIBE HAVE BEEN ALIENATED FROM TRIBAL OWNERSHIP. THIS RESOURCE IS CRUCIAL TO THE TRIBE IF WE ARE SERIOUS AS WE MUST BE ABOUT THE DEVELOPMENT OF OUR OGLALA NATION. ECONOMICALLY AND MORALLY, THERE CAN BE NO OTHER POLICY OR DIRECTION THAN TO BEGIN AND SUSTAIN AN AGRESSIVE PROGRAM OF REACQUIRING SIOUX LANDS WITHIN THE BOUNDARY OF OUR RESERVATION FOR USE BY INDIAN PEOPLE. I MUST EXPLAIN HERE FOR THE ALARMISTS, THAT THIS IS NOT AN INDIAN MILITANT EFFORT TO DEPRIVE NON-INDIANS OF WHAT THEY HAVE ACQUIRED ON THE RESERVATION (REGARDLESS OF THE SORDID, GOVERNMENT-AIDED MEANS WHICH THEY MANY TIMES USED TO ACQUIRE IT, REGARDLESS OF THE PITIFULLY LOW PRICE THEY FREQUENTLY WERE PERMITTED BY THE GOVERNMENT TO ACQUIRE IT FOR) THIS IS SIMPLY A HARD-NOSED ECONOMIC DECISION THAT MUST BE MADE AND CARRIED OUT FOR THE SURVIVAL OF THE OGLALA SIOUX NATION. AGAIN, TO MOLLIFY THE ALARMIST; IT WILL BE OUR INTENT TO REACQUIRE THIS LAND IN THE EXISTING MARKET, PAYING THE PRICE ASKED OR BARGAINING FOR THE BEST DEAL AC- CORDING TO HONORED AND ACCEPTED PRACTICES. WE SUBMIT THAT IT WOULD BE BENEATH OUR CODE OF HONOR TO ATTEMPT TO REACQUIRE THE LAND IN THE SAME MANNER THAT IT WAS TAKEN FROM US. WE MUST SIMPLY RELY ON THE FACT THAT PEOPLE, NOT HAVING THE STRONG SPIRITUAL ATTACHMENT TO OUR LANDS THAT THE SIOUX HAVE, WILL SOONER OR LATER PUT IT ON THE MARKET AS THEIR NEED FOR ECONOMIC INTERESTS ARISE. WHEN, AND AS THIS HAPPENS, WE MUST BE PREPARED TO REACQUIRE OUR LANDS. TOWARD THIS END WE MUST DEVELOP THESE LAND REACQUISITION PROGRAMS AS A TOP PRIORITY - URGING OUT CONGRESSMEN AND SENATORS TO EXPAND ON PRESENT INDIAN FINANCING PROGRAMS AND TO DEVELOP SPECIFIC LEGISLATION TO EXPEDITE THE PROCESS. -5- IT MUST BE MENTIONED, THAT ONE IMPORTANT COLLATERAL BENEFIT TO REACQUIRING INDIAN LANDS WITHIN THE RESERVATION - WILL BE THE DIMINISHMENT OF EFFORTS BY ANTI-TRIBAL GOVERNMENT FORCES TO COMPEL INDIANS TO ACCEPT STATE JURISDICTION. THE FORMULA IS VERY SIMPLE; FOR EVERY ACRE OF RESERVATION LAND RETURNED TO INDIAN OR TRIBAL OWNERSHIP AND TRUST STATUS, THE POSITION OF THE STATE JURISDICTION FORCES IS WEAKENED. WITH THIS PROCESS OF DIMINISHING THE STATE'S TAX BASE ON THE RESERVATION, SOON WILL DISAPPEAR THE NON-INDIAN INTEREST FORCING STATE JURISDICTION ON THE RESERVATION. THIS IS A CHALLENGING ASSIGNMENT FOR TRIBAL GOVERNMENT, BUT NOTHING COULD BE MORE EXCITING AND SATISFYING TO THE TOTAL INDIAN COMMUNITY. MOST OF THE NEWLY ELECTED OFFICERS AND COUNCILMEN GAINED THEIR VOTERS SUP- PORT BY PROMISING THE RETURN TO CONSTITUTIONAL TRIBAL GOVERNMENT, AND THE RETURN OF POWER TO THE PEOPLE. THIS CAN ONLY BE MANIFESTED BY PROMPT MOVES BY TRIBAL GOVERNMENT TO ASSIST THE DISTRICTS TO DEVELOP WORKABLE LOCAL CONTROL OF SERVICES; AND TO RENDER TO ALL DISTRICTS THEIR RIGHTFUL SHARE OF TRIBAL PROGRAMS AND FUNDING RESOURCES, TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT CONSISTENT WITH THE CONSTITUTION OF THE TRIBE AND OTHER LAWS. TOWARD THIS END, THE TRIBAL GOVERNMENT MUST EXTEND OFFICES AND SERVICES TO THE DISTRICTS AND THE BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS MUST RESPOND BY REINSTATING THE BIA DISTRICT ADMINISTRATORS WHICH WERE so HEEDLESSLY DISMANTLED BY THE BUREAU IN THE PAST YEAR. MUCH HAS BEEN SAID ABOUT THE RELATIONS OF THE OGLALA SIOUX TRIBE WITH OUR NON- INDIAN NEIGHBORS. WE HAVE BEEN DEPICTED AS BURDENSOME TO THE VARIOUS SURROUNDING COMMUNITIES, AS THREATENING VIOLENCE TO VISTORS ON OUR RESERVATION; AND AS CLEARLY UNREADY TO MAINTAIN SELF-GOVERNMENT. THOSE NON-INDIANS ON THE RESERVATION, WHO HAVE BEEN SUCCESSFUL IN MAINTAINING A COLONIALISTIC EXISTENCE PRIOR TO THE ERA OF INDIAN DEMANDS FOR FULL CITIZENSHIP AND CIVIL RIGHTS, HAVE NOW EMERGED AS CITIZENS DEMANDING THEIR CIVIL LIBERTIES. THIS, AFTER GENERATIONS OF EXPLOITING INDIAN RESOURCES WITH BOTH OVERT AND TACIT ASSISTANCE OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT. IN OTHER -6- WORDS, WHEN INDIANS ARE ACCORDED EVEN THE MOST ELEMENTARY RIGHTS - THEN THESE COLONIAL TYPES WANT SUPER-RIGHTS. THE ANSWER TO THESE TYPES IS TO REALLY AC- CORD THEM ALL THE CIVIL LIBERTIES THEY CAN STAND. WE SHOULD PASS THE NECESSARY TRIBAL ORDINANCES TO BRING THEM UNDER TRIBAL JURISDICTION; JUST AS THEY MUST ACCEPT THE JURISDICTION OF ANOTHER SOVEREIGNTY WHERE THEY MIGHT CHOOSE TO RESIDE AS NON-CITIZENS. IN OUR DEALINGS WITH OUR NON-INDIAN NEIGHBORS WE HAVE TOO LONG SOUGHT TO BE TREATED AS EQUALS. THIS HAS BEEN NON-PRODUCTIVE AND HAS USUALLY RESULTED ONLY IN THE DEMAND THAT WE CONCEDE MORE AND MORE OF OUR HERITAGE, OUR LANDS, RESOURCES AND SELF RESPECT. THIS TOO, WE SUBMIT, CAN BE RECTIFIED BY A CHANGE IN ATTITUDE ON OUR PART. WE SHOULD DEMAND RESPECT BY TREATING OUR NEIGHBORS AS OUR EQUALS. WE WOULD DO so BY INSISTING ON FULL SERVICE OR VALUE FOR USE OF LANDS AND FULL RECOGNITION FOR THE CONTRIBUTIONS WE MAKE AS A COMMUNITY. IN CONCLUDING, I WISH TO STATE THAT I AM GREATLY HONORED TO ACCEPT THE CHAL- LENGE, AND THE POSITION, DIRECTED TO ME BY THE PEOPLE OF THE OGLALA SIOUX TRIBE. IT IS A GREAT INSPIRATION TO BE DIRECTED TO SERVE THE PEOPLE - IT IS WITH A HUMBLE APPRECIATION OF OUR GREAT NEEDS THAT I TODAY ACCEPT THE PRESIDENCY OF THE OGLALA SIOUX TRIBE. 2 A PROGRAM FOR THE PINE RIDGE INDIAN RESERVATION ** -0- December 10, 1976 ** Provided by Al Trimble at meeting at White House, 6/8/76 PROPOSAL To establish a high level Federal agency task force to coordinate the immediate implementation of a broad range of specific Federal programs on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation designed to create both short and long term em- ployment opportunities and strengthen the economy of the Tribe and thereby eradicate the root causes of the violence and misery on the Reservation. The Need The Pine Ridge Indian Reservation ranks high now on the agenda of the Bureau of Indian Affairs. In addition, because of the national and international attention that has been focused on the Reservation in recent years, Pine Ridge, even though it is a small community, can be said also to be on the domestic agenda of the White House. President Ford's recent meeting with an alleged Chief, Frank Fools Crow, is illustrative of the fact that Pine Ridge is, indeed, a matter of national interest and concern. Much of the discussion of the Pine Ridge Reservation has centered on the high rate of violent crimes. It should be noted, however, that contrary to the impression sometimes left by the media, persons knowledgeable of life on the Reservation agree that these crimes are not connected with political disputes. Rather, the shootings that do take place on the Reservation seem to be the result of personal feuds and of the tension created by the misery and the hopeless human conditions that exist. The initial response to the Law and Order problem on the Pine Ridge Reserva- tion has been to consider sending in more police. But when one closely examines and understands the underlying causes of the violence on the Reservation, it be- comes evident that an increased police force, by itself, will not solve the problem. The Pine Ridge Reservation, located in the southwest corner of South Dakota, is the second largest Indian Reservation in the country. The unemployment rate on the Reservation, which has a population of over 12,000 people, is over 60. A study prepared at the request of the Secretary of the Interior found in a report dated June 24, 1975, that in over one-third of the Indian households on the Pine Ridge Reservation, no one works. About 40% of those who were employed were found to be significantly underemployed. In sharp contrast, non-Indians on the Reserva- tion and in nearby communities enjoy reasonable standards of living. Most Indians on the Reservation face a life of poverty and dispair with little hope of meaningful employment. It is in this context, therefore, that we recommend that instead of relying solely on increased law enforcement activities to curb the violence on the Re- servation, we develop and implement immediately a program that reaches the root causes of violence. What is recommended is a comprehensive Federal effort to put people on the Reservation to work and to provide them with a basis for improving their standard of living. Pine Ridge Development Task Force A broad range of Federal programs could be funded on the Pine Ridge Reservation to provide immediate job training and employment opportunities for members of the Oglala Sioux Tribe, to construct needed community facilities on the Reservation and to broaden the economic base of the Tribe and thereby strengthen the future economy of the Reservation. To coordinate the planning and implementation and to accelerate the initiation of the programs, a high level committment by the Ford Administration is necessary. It is recommended that the White House direct the Secretaries of Interior, Labor, Commerce, Housing and Urban Development, Agriculture, Transportation and Health Education and Welfare, the Attorney General and the Director of the Office of Management and Budget to commit their respective departments to a joint effort on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation. To assure that the commitment is fulfilled and that specific Federal Projects are expeditiously implemented, it is suggested that a coordinating group be created chaired by a designee of the Secretary of the Interior and whose members would in- clude designees of the other departments mentioned above. It is recommended that the designee of the Oglala Sioux Tribe be a member of this group. The Task Force should be in existence for not more than one year and should meet at least once each month to coordinate and supervise the development of the specific projects. It is suggested that limited staff be made available by the Commissioner of Indian Affairs to assist the Task Force in meeting its res- ponsibilities. The focus of the mandate of the Task Force will be to coordinate the immediate implementation of several Federal programs on the Pine Ridge Reservation. It is not intended to be a study or planning group, but rather an action-oriented group whose primary responsibility is to assure the initiation of job-oriented programs. Federal Programs The first responsibility of the Task Force should be to develop an agenda of Federal programs to be initiated on the Pine Ridge Reservation and to develop a specific timetable for the implementation of these programs. These projects should include the following. 1. Department of Labor Putting people to work is the most critical problem on the Reservation. A comprehensive effort encompassing all able-bodied people on the Reservation would help create longterm employment opportunities for these persons and would unquest- ionably be an investment which would pay off in terms of reduction of the costs of other Federal programs. The Department of Labor should, with the cooperation of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, set up a three-year employment program on the Reservation. An effort should be made to ensure that all unemployed persons able to work are registered for employment assistance. The basic funds for the programs should come from Title III of the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act as well as Title X of the Public Works and Economic Development Act. In addition, the programs should coordinate the employment aspects of the other programs set forth below. 2. Department of Commerce - Economic Development Administration (a) Oglala Sioux Tribe Parks Board The Tribe has entered into an agreement with the National Parks Service whereby the Tribe has agreed to allow the Park Service to use certain tribal lands for the Badlands National Monument in exchange for a position of the entrance fee that will be charged to the Monument. The fee will be paid over to the Oglala Sioux Tribe Parks Board which is a development corporation organized by the Tribe to formulate and develop tourism for the Reservation, particularly in the Badlands National Monument area. Revenue generated by the fee arrangement will be used by the Board to develop recreation resources wthin the Reservation. To maximize the revenue potential of tourism in the MOnument area, the Tribe would like to develop certain concessions on the Reservation. Projects designed to increase tourism revenue funded through the Economic Development Administration under the Public Works and Economic Development Act of 1965 include projects to: (1) Improve and upgrade the Cedar Pass concessions; (2) Develop a commercial campground; (3) Construct a visitors center; (4) Construct a commercial hotel; and (5) Develop the site of Wounded Knee The present building which houses the tribal offices is totally inadequate to meet the present needs of the Tribe. It is old and does not have sufficient office space to provide facilities for tribal officials responsible for administer- ing various trital programs. Funds should be provided through the Economic Develop- ment Administration under the Public Works and Economic Development Act of 1965 to construct a new Tribal Office Building designed to provide offices for most tribal officials. 3. Department of Housing and Urban Development (a) Community Facility A community center is needed on the Pine Ridge Reservation to serve both community purposes and to supplement the tourism facilities to be developed by the Parks Board. Community block grant funds should be used to construct a multipurpose community facility in Pine Ridge. (b) Housing The lack of sufficient decent, safe and sanitary housing on the Reservation remains a critical problem. Although it is estimated that between 1,500 and 2,000 units must be built to meet the current housing needs, the rate of construction on the Reservation is between 100 to 200 units per year. The construction of a substantial number of additional self-help housing units should be funded for the Pine Ridge Reservation. 4. Department of Agriculture (a) Land Acquisition Enterprise The Tribe established in 1959 a Land Acquisition Enterprise for the purpose of acquiring interests in land within the Pine Ridge Reservation for the use and improvement of the economic standing of the Tribe. Tribal land has been pledged to the Enterprise, and land has been purchased for the Enterprise with Tribal funds with the proceeds of loans of $4 million from the Farmers Home Ad- ministration. The Enterprise now generates a substantial surplus of income, and the Tribe has applied for an additional $3 million loan from the Farmers Home Ad- ministration with which it intends to purchase additional land. Approval of the $3 million loan from the Farmers Home Administration should be expedited to enable the Tribe to stabilize its land base through the purchase of additonal land within the Reservation. (b) Conversion to Agricultural Production Most of the Tribe's general income is derived from leasing its land for grazing purposes. This land generates income of approximately $1.30 per acre. The amount of income produced by tribal land could be increased substantially if the land were used instead for agricultural purposes. Some 300,000 acres of tribal land has been identified as being capable of supporting agricultural pro- duction, and the Tribe would like to initiate steps to convert its grazing units into agricultural land. Current and projected world food demand suggests that this would be a highly profitable enterprise for the Tribe. However, to success- fully convert its land to agricultural use, technical assistance and financial assistance will be necessary. A program to convert grazing land on the Reservation to farm use should be immediately funded. 5. Department of Transportation (a) Rural Bus Demonstration Project Most of the residents of the Reservation live in widely scattered villages. Since there is no public transporation system on the Reservation, residents must rely on private vehicles for transportation. Many must pay as much as $20 to hire a private vehicle to travel to Pine Ridge Village where tribal and Bureau offices, the hospital and most retail establishments are located. The Tribe wishes to develop an efficient, though limited, system of bus transporta- tion on the Reservation to connect the residents of the Reservation's outlying areas with the essential goods and services and employment opportunities available at Pine Ridge Village. The Rural Bus Demonstration Project application that is being submitted by the Tribe to the Department of Transportation to enable the Tribe to establish a tribal bus system should be funded. (b) Secondary Road and Street Improvement Approximately 25 miles of secondary roads in each district of the Reservation are in need of improvment. In addition, sidewalks, curbs, gutters and pavement are needed in Pine Ridge Village. Road and Street improvement programs should be funded through the Federal Highway Administration or the Economic Development Administration. 6. Department of Health, Education and Welfare (a) Intensify and Coordinate Ongoing Education and Indian Health Service Programs. For example, the schedule for construction of schools on the Reservation should be accelerated. General support through the Office of Native American Programs should be increased. (b) Home for the Elderly Funds should be provided to maintain and operate the home for the elderly on the Pine Ridge Reservation. (c) Child Day Care Center A child day care center is needed in Pine Ridge Village. A facility to provide full-time day care should be built. Since it may be possible to utilize some of the facilities in the home for the elderly, it is suggested that the day care center be build in the vicinity of the home for the elderly. In addition, this would permit contact with the children for those persons in the home who so desire. Funds will be needed to construct, maintain and operate the child day care facility. 7. Department of Justice - Law Enforcement Assistance Administration Construction of the correctional facility in Pine Ridge and the Police substations in the various villages should be expedited. 8. Department of Interior - Bureau of Indian Affairs Existing support programs should be extended and expanded, particularly support for the project now under way to develop and implement a centralized and fiscal management system for the Tribe. Provided by Al Trimble at meeting at White Hous e, 6/8/76 3 THE PINE RIDGE REDEVELOPMENT PLAN GOVERNMENTAL & ECONOMIC CENTRALIZATION A new Tribal Government facility should be developed to better serve the entire reservation population governmentally and economically. The present location of Pine Ridge as the seat of tribal government negates many aspects of reservation development. - The present seat feeds off the Nebraska trade centers and drains capital flow from the reservation. - Eighty percent of all reservation job opportunities are centered around. Pine Ridge and realistically available to only about 20% of the reservation pop- ulation. - Eighty percent of all salary is immediately spent, or banked and then spent, in Nebraska (all money spent on the reservation is banked off the reservation) - - There is practically no second, third, or fourth turnover of money on the reservation (as occurs in Nebraska, or other off-reservation communities). A centralized trade location will move the money inward and encourage its use and re-use on the reservation. Private business development will encourage local expenditure in all res- ervation communities and will pay for additional jobs for more and more local expenditures. EXAMPLE: New community - Tribal government = 75 jobs " " - Business = 35 jobs " - Gov't Services = 20 jobs 130 jobs This, based on informal finger counting, should stand up fairly well in comparison with the similar businesses established and operating. The construction of such a new governmental community with the surrounding business development can utilize 200 to 300 persons for more than a year, if including the government trade facilities GOVERNMENTAL & ECONOMIC CENTRALIZATION - 2 in all the major communities of the reservation. All district headquarters communities need local government centers and business facilities (mini-malls) . The Oçlala Sioux people badly need a tribal symbol of res- ervation pride and identification. Like Brazilia, the Oglala people need a new tribal government community developed to foster a sense of progress and development. THE PINE RIDGE REDEVELOPMENT PLAN LANDS REACQUISITION The reacquisition of all alienated Indian lands within the exterior boundaries of the Pine Ridge Reservation would include 1,066,000 acres at the current market value of approx- imately $120 million. - At current productivity, 640 acres of farming land can support a family of five, once placed in oper- ation. - At current productivity, 7,680 acres of grazing land can support a family of five, once placed in oper- ation. - Alienated land is 65% farmland, amounting to 692,900 acres. This should be equivalent to 1,083 farming units of 640 acres each, or 1,083 farm management jobs potential. - Alienated land is 35% grassland, amounting to 373,000 acres. This should be equivalent to 48.58 ranching units or 7,680 each, or 49 ranching management jobs. The solid potential then is for more than 1,100 agribus- iness management jobs, with more than 2,000 potential submanagement jobs. This does not count the private sector agribusiness jobs that can become available or be developed concurrent with the other development of the private sector on the reservation. It is proposed that a twenty-year plan be developed for Indian land reacquisition for the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation. The politically-beneficial effect to this program would be the diminishment of the State's jurisdiction drive -- to further alienate Indian lands for eventual termination of trust relation- ship between the Federal government and Indian tribes. THE PINE RIDGE REDEVELOPMENT PLAN LAW ENFORCEMENT Law enforcement should ideally be controlled in the local community being served, whether on a community, district, or res- ervation basis. It is proposed that some $500,000 of the present law enforcement budget be utilized to develop an overall tribal reservation basis. Each district will select policemen for employment and be able to dictate the termination of policemen's services if performance or conduct is not satisfactory. The BIA will use the remainder of the budget to maintain a mobile police force similar in function and performance ability to state patrol forces. This force will serve the village of Pine Ridge and will also patrol all reservation main roads in a pattern making them available to reinforce local district policemen when needed. The tribe will also contract to maintain all detention facilities and communications. It is anticipated that the Law Enforcement Assistance Admin- istration (LEAA) will be needed to initially equip the tribal forces with cruisers, communications and other equipment, and paraphenalia. LIBRARY THE PINE RIDGE REDEVELOPMENT PLAN TRANSPORTATION Transportation development on the Pine Ridge Reservation has heretofore meant generally developing the necessary surface arterials needed to serve the reservation and its economic growth at a schedule about ten years behind other county and state entities of similar need. A change of priority will be necessary only in making a new governmental center optimally accessible to all areas of the reservation. This will include 45 miles of road not previously planned for, at a probable cost of $2,700,000. Pine Ridge has the first class runway (concrete surface of 5,400 and 3,600 ft. lengths) needed to accomodate commuter and air taxi planes up to the size of a business jet. However, there are no locally based planes nor service facilities avail- able. FAA approved facilities must be developed, both to provide a vital transportation link with regional airports at Rapid City, Pierre, South Dakota, and Chadron, Nebraska. In addition, ther is a need for air ambulance service and air freighting services. To complement the developed airport at Pine Ridge, stabilized turf airstrips should be built at or near the district communities on the reservation. THE PINE RIDGE REDEVELOPMENT PLAN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT We have had the cart before the horse these many years in attempting to develop industry on the Pine Ridge Reservation as a means of bettering the lives of our people. We have brought in a number of industries, putting people on payrolls to receive money which they promptly spend off the reservation because we lacked the private business sector to use and hold the money on the reservation. By and large, we have been content to permit the original non-Indian entrepreneur to continue to dominate this area of the economy. The non-Indian entrepreneurs, their families, and non- Indian friends and relatives have also held the majority of the jobs in this area of the economy. The same has largely been true in the farming and agribusiness areas. By aggressively entering their area of economic develop- ment, developing new businesses on the reservation, and gaining Indian ownership of these businesses, we can move to develop and stabilize our overall economy. This means more jobs for the people now jobless or underemployed. It means that money stays in the community longer to pay for additional jobs. When we have developed conditions for the local economy to grow, then we have better conditions for real, not transient, industrialization. Furthermore, it will take place in the dis- tricts where there has been little exposure to full true employ- ment opportunities. THE PINE RIDGE REDEVELOPMENT PLAN HOUSING Considering that minimal housing needs are less than 50% met at this time, continual amelioration of the need will be an important part of the new Tribal government community. Both low rent and home ownership types of projects should be incorp-- orated; but the latter would take on more importance as these would appeal to the sense of responsibility we are seeking to foster in creating both permanent job situations and the perm- anent job holder to fill the jobs. While designing homes toward an attractive model community, social and pride in ownership factors must also be addressed LOW rent homes should be as attractive and desireable as the owned home. Disadvantages of the "cluster" low rent HUD homes should be designed out with more land space and sense of privacy designed in. This can be accomplished mostly by using one to two acres ranchettes with all homes permanently fenced. This would encourage the private utilization of the surrounding space for gardens, horses, poultry raising, fruit trees, etc. Homes that become the pride of the owners or users also become respected by others. When this catches on, then emulation and competition develops. This becomes the corner stone of the real stable community. Then, of course, it takes a job or stable source of income to maintain the home --- another direction toward a desireable end. THE PINE RIDGE REDEVELOPMENT PLAN SUMMARY In the final analysis we do not believe that the growing population of the Oglala Sioux Tribe will be amenable to con- sider options other than reservation life until the tribal resource is fully available to tribal members and used by them. By that time, through the process of education and in- dividual growth, plus the element of satisfaction gained through tribal participation, our people will have acquired the basis for exercising true options: To leave for better opportunities, or to stay and compete for what is available. When this happens, the Federal Government will have no need for relocation programs to cities and urban areas; or for other designs to ger Indians into the "mainstream." Documents A through E were provided to the White House in a letter from Larry Red Shirt, 6/14/76 A TO: Oglala Sioux Tribal Council Pine Ridge, South Dakota FROM: Lakota Treaty Council Larry Red Shirt Executive Coordinator DATE: April 19, 1976 Mr. Chairman, members of the Council, and members of the Oglala Lakota Nation, who are present at this meeting here today: I am honored for the opportunity of addressing this elected Council of our Nation. First, on behalf of the Chiefs and Headmen of the Oglala Lakota Nation, I extend a handshake and congratulations to each and every one of you in your successful venture in this elective system. As it involves and affects the future of our Nation and the future of coming generations, I feel it is extremely important to present to this Council the position and the progress that the Lakota Treaty Council has made in respect of gaining recognition of the 1868 Fort Laramie Treaty. Before I proceed any further, for the benefit of those present that ¿o not know or who have forgotten, I would like to explain briefly the "Interpretation and meaning of the "1868 Treaty" and also the term "Tradition- alist" as it applies to the members and constituency of the Lakota Treaty Council. The Lakota Treaty Council believes and clings to our way of life as our Forefathers lived it. A way of life, with basic human principles and doctrines, although humble in its nature, have been recognized by other in- deginious peoples as one of the greatest in the world. It is our hope that "truth" itself will peel away the layers of ignorance which is the result of a hundred years of brainwashing." Thus, we recognize that one of our greatest tasks is the re-education of our own people. In the 1860's the "Great Lakota Nation" along with its allies initiat- ed a resistance (so called Red Cloud's War) that halted the invasion and so- called "Westward Expansion of the Wasin Icula: Time and time again, the Lakota proved invincible and victorious. The U.S. Government after realizing that it was costing them 2 million dollars to kill one Lakota and the fact that the "Civil War" had just put a big dent in their pocketbook, decided to push for a peaceful settlement. Subsequently, both Nations agreed to the terms and entered into a Treaty. What is to be known as "The 1868 Fort Laramie Treaty." Even today we are bound to that same Treaty not only by the natural laws that govern us, but because our Forefathers blessed the Treaty with the "Sacred Pipe". Even today the people of the United States Goverment are bound to that same Treaty because U.S. Law says treaties are "on par and equal to the constitution" as "Supreme Law of the land". The 1868 Treaty is binding on both Nations as defined under Intern- aional Law. I'Kce Wica sa or a "Traditionalist is a person who has retained his concept of self and his spiritually through the "Sacred Pipe" despite con- centrated efforts by the "Wasin Icula" through his socio-religious system which sought to destroy the culture and religion of the Ikce Wicasa. Language and Religion has been the sustaining factor which has pre- served our culture. When the "White Buffalo Calf Maiden" delivered the "Sacred Pipe" to our people in the dim recesses of history, the central mes- sage was "When the people no longer believe in this Pipe, they as people will no longer exist. Since the inception of the reservation era, the Federal Government has continually attempted to discredit and destroy the die-hard Traditionalist who has maintained his identity and his stubborn insistance that the United States Government honor the terms of the 1868 Treaty. Today, we, the members of the Lakota Treaty Council stand proud as visible evidence that they have failed miserably in this attempt. Subsequent to June 26, 1975 when the land of Oglala Lakota was again invaded and occupied by forces of the United States Government who with their sophisticated weaponry subjected many innocent Oglala to unnecessary acts of intimidation and harassment for the"alleged" killing of two of their trespas- sing agents. The cries of distress by the people prompted the traditional leaders to seek alternate solutions to end the violence. The consensus of the combined leadership of Chiefs, Headmen and Spiritual leaders was the need for an immediate meeting between the heads of the two nations to undertake necessary steps to resolve the underlying issues which fermented these and other acts of violence. The Traditional leadership felt that all problems could be traced di- rectly to the continued violations of the terms of the 1868 Treaty by the United States Government. A letter was sent to the President and a delegation of traditional leaders was sent to Washington, D.C., to meet with the President but when they arrived, they were met with apposition in full force in all areas. Perseverance and dedication to the task prevailed and the traditional leadership did meet with the President of the United States and his Aides on November 10, 1975. From this meeting the traditional leadership received from the President the assurance that a Fools Crow-Ford sanctioned Presidential Treaty Review Commission would be established. The American Arbitration Association have been accepted by the respect- ive parties to act as mediators in the forthcoming discussions concerning the 1868 Fort Laramie Treaty and domestic issues. Although the Lakota people have suffered greatly especially in these past few years, it is time that the people put aside past differences and unite. With the strengthening and unification of our people can we take positive steps to insure that "Divide and conquer" tactics will not work anymore with the Oglala. We have suffered enough. We the Lakota Treaty Council invite all true Oglala to lift up their heads and look to the future of our children and the unborn. The Lakota people must recognize who the real enemy is, that we may defend ourselves. We ask for your support in our struggle to find justice and free- dom for our people. Support the 1868 Treaty. Though a long hard road lies ahead of us - we walk forward with our heads up to confront the many obstacles as a true Oglala. With the guidance of Tunkasila, Wakan Tanka we shall win! The strug- gle goes on. Ho. Hechetu Yelo. Pilamaye Pi Yelo. Ogle Luta Ogle Luta Larry Red thit B WHEREAS it is B historical Fact that the United States government by ibsrate purpose and design has violated the articles contained in i:, 1863 Treaty OF Ft. Larmie; and WHEREAS said Treaty was negotiated on behalf OF the United States government by a presidential commission; WE ARE OF the conviction that there exists the need for the preside to appoint a commission with Full authority to act on his behalf, to meet with the delegates OF the Sioux Nation For purposes oF reviewing said Treaty and to take corrective measures partaining to such violatio The delegates of the Sioux Nation who have come to Washington For the sole purpose OF impressing upon the President OF the United States that a need does exist to review this Treaty, hereby, in chronological order list the priorities OF their mission; 1. The creation OF a Presidantial Treaty Review Commission, espec- ielly in regard to Articles 1 and 2. 2. The removel OF the United States armed Forces, such as the Fed- eral Bureeu of Investigation, with their sophisticated weaponry who are on our lands in direct violation OF Article 1 of the Treaty OF 1858, Signe 4. We demand amnesty For all Wounded Knee, Custer, Sioux Falls and related cases, 5. The suspension OF the prosecution OF Indian people by the United States Attorney General's OFFice, including the suspension OF all ection by the Federal Bureau OF Investigation and the Grand Juries, until a determination is made by the Joint Commission OF the United States and the delegates OF the Sioux Nation in regard to the Treaty OF 1868. 5. The suspension of operations OF the present Oglala Sioux tribal council which is an outgrowth of the Indian Reorganization Act [Wheeler- Howard] OF 1934, and is in direct violation OF the 1868 Treaty Article 2 which precludes the United States From enecting lews pertaining to the Sicux Nation. The Fect that many mixed bloods Indians presently reside on the reservation is another violation OF said Treaty, [Articles 2 and 12 D the Treaty of 1868 and Articles7 OF the Commissioners proposition to the Oglala Sioux under the Treaty OF 1868, made at the Red Cloud Agenc September 7, 1876.] Continued violations of said Treaty by the United States govern- ment does not abrogate said Treaty nor do such acts lend support to the idea that such acts are legal. We are the traditional governing body OF the Oglala Sioux Nation. iie have come because OF the desires of our people to honor Article 1 OF said Treaty. We come in PEACE. C SUPPORT AND ASSISTANCE FOR LONG RANGE GOALS AND OBJECTIVES How the Oglala Sioux Tribal Council can assist the Lakota Treaty Council to gain recognition on the 1868 Fort Laramie Treaty. 1. Resolution of Total Support in gaining recognition of the 1868 Fort Laramie Treaty as defined and interpreted by U.S. Law, Lakota Law and International Law. 2. Approve and support the concept of the Presidential Treaty Review Commission. 3. Reject all overtures to have the Sioux Nation to accept the Black Hills Claim. 4. Logistical support by the Oglala Sioux Tribal Council when specifi- cally requested by Lakota Treaty Council. 5. Recognize, acknowledge and support the International Indian Treaty Council and the efforts of Jimmie Durham in New York City, who is working deligently to have the 1868 Fort Laramie Treaty presented to an international Forum i.e. United Nations -- Possibly the World Court. STATEMENT OF THE POSITION OF THE OGLALA BAND OF THE GREAT D TETON NATION, MOBRIDGE, SOUTH DAKOTA, JUNE 1974 We, the traditional descendants and official representatives of the Oglala Band of the Great Teton Sioux Nation, pursuant to Article VI of the September 17, 1852 Treaty of Ft. Laramie with the Sioux, etc., do issue the following document as a position of policy: IT HAS ALWAYS BEEN OUR BELIEF AND POSITION THAT ACTS ON BEHALF OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, SUBSEQUENT TO THE TREATY OF 1868, DID NOT DIMINISH OUR INHERENT RIGHT TO GOVERN OURSELVES AS A SOVEREIGN NATION. IT IS ALSO OUR POSITION THAT ALL ACTIONS TAKEN BY THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT ON THE 1863 TREATY HAVE BEEN ILLEGAL AND CONTRARY TO THE PRACTICES OF INTERNATIONAL LAW AND THE USUAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOVEREIGN NATIONS. We, the Oglala Band of the GREAT TETON NATION recognize the basic need to establish a list of priorities in regards to the 1868 FT. LARAMIE TREATY. These priorities are: 1. RECOGNITION OF THE TREATY A. We want TOTAL RECOGNITION of the Treaty and nothing less 1. All lands west of the east bank of the Missouri River and east of the Bighorn Mountains. 2. Dams and revenues derived from them, including recreation e.g. the Black Hills, etc. 3. Reparations for violations and damages to the land and people. 2. PROPOSED SOLUTIONS We will take the Treaties to: A. the World Court B. the United Nations C. Official support from Nations throughout the world and rec- ognition as an independent Nation. 3. PLAN FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF SOLUTION A. Need to establish an organization of national, international scope to be utilized as a vehicle to implement the recommend- ations of the various workshops of this First International Treaty Convention. B. Establishment of a team of international lawyers and the trad- itional chiefs and headmen to present solutions to the gov- ernment and international communities. 4. EDUCATION OF OUR PEOPLE A. To show that the chiefs are truly recognized as spokesmen of the people. B. The practice of living as traditional people. C. Forcing our tribal councils to take direct action on treaties. LAST EFFORT TO NEGOATIATE WITH U. S. GOVERNMENT E CONTACT: Lakota Treaty Council (605)348-4393 P. 0. Box 2337 Rapid City, South Dakota 57701 Oglala Communications Center (605)348-5846 Washington, D. C. Contact (202)234-1616 An Oglala Lakota delegation of Traditional Chiefs, Headmen, District Chairmen and other influential representatives of the Pine Ridge Reservation arrived in Washington, D. C., on Saturday, August 30, 1975. The Oglala delegation will not leave Washington, D. C., until they have met with the President of the United States to demand the immediate enforcement of the 1868 Ft. Laramie Treaty, thereby re-establishing the sovereignty of the Oglala Nation. Continued economic deprivation and the U. S. Government interference with religion, culture and the traditional form of government have prompted the Oglala Nation to take positive actions to halt the gross violations of the 1868 Treaty. Violence, disruption of harmony and the creation of factionalism on the Pine Ridge Reservation are the result of imposed legislation without the full consent of the Oglala Nation, as specified in the Treaty. Past negotiations with the different governmental department have proven ineffective because of insensitivity, inexperience, disrespect and total ignor- ance of the problems faced by the Oglala people. Over-reaction to an alleged incident on the reservation on June 26 by governmental forces resulted in unnecessary loss of lives, considerable property damage and endangering the life of every individual on the Pine Ridge Reservation. Total disregard for individual rights and freedom in the investigative process conducted by the F.B.I. strengthened the unification of traditional people to stand as one against further invasion. The Oglala Nation with the sacred pipe send a prayer and 2 call for help to all four directions, to Grandfather the Great Spirit, to Grandmother Earth, and to all life in between, to stand in support of the actions taken by the Lakota Nation. Mr. Frank Starr Secretary Oglala Sioux Executive Board Box 468 50th ANNIVERSARY 1926-1976 Pine Ridge, South Dakota 57770 Mr. Edwin Fills the Pipe Councilman Oglala Sioux Executive Board 50th ANNIVERSARY Box 468 1926-1976 Pine Ridge, South Dakota 57770 Mr. Vincent Brewer Councilman Oglala Sioux Executive Board 50th ANNIVERSARY Pine Ridge, South Dakota 57770 1926-1976 Mr. Albert Trimble President Oglala Sioux Tribe Box 468 50th ANNIVERSARY 1926-1976 Pine Ridge, South Dakota 57770 Washington, D.C. Mr. Jim Red Willow Wamblee, South Dakota 50th ANNIVERSARY 1926-1976 Special Delivery AMERICAN ARBITRATION ASSOCIATION 1730 Rhode Island Ave. N.W. Washington, D.C. 20036 Chief Fools Crow Kyle, South Dakota 57752 50th ANNIVERSARY 1926-1976 Special Delivery 1730 Rhode Island Ave. IV.VV. Washington, D.C. 20036 Mr. Matthew King Box #32 Kyle, South Dakota 50th ANNIVERSARY 1926-1976 Special Delivery Washington, D.C. 20036 Mr. Louis Bad Wound 712 Allen Street Rapid City, South Dakota 57770 50th ANNIVERSARY 1926-1976 Special Delivery 1730 Rhode Island Ave. N.W. Washington, D.C. 20036 Mr. Frank Kills Enemy Kyle, South Dakota 50th ANNIVERSARY 1926-1976 Special Delivery washington, U.C. 20036 Mr. Francis He Crow Pine Ridge, South Dakota 57772 50th ANNIVERSARY 1926-1976 Special Delivery IERICAN ARBITRATION ASSOCIATION 1730 Rhode Island Ave. N.W. Washington, D.C. 20036 Mr. Eugene White Hawk Manderson, South Dakota 50th ANNIVERSARY 1926-1976 Special Delivery AMERICAN ARBITRATION ASSOCIATION 1730 Rhode Island Ave. N.W. Washington, D.C. 20036 Mr. Birgil Kills Straight Kyle, South Dakota 50th ANNIVERSARY 1926-1976 Special Delivery mr. Patterson Federal Government Representatives White House Dr. Theodore Marrs, Special Assistant to the President for Human Resources Bobbie Greene Kilberg, Associate Counsel Bradley Patterson, Jr. Janet Brown, Assistant to the Deputy Director, Domestic Council H.P. Goldfield, Office of Counsel to the President Department of the Interior Dennis Ickes, Special Assistant to the Under Secretary Theodore Krenzke, Director, Office of Indian Services, BIA Les Gay, Tribal Government Services, BIA Scott Keep, Attorney, Office of the Solicitor Gene Suarez, Chief, Division of Law Enforcement Ken Sayers, Division of Law Enforcement, Aberdeen Area Office Office of Management & Budget Paul O'Neill, Deputy Director Department of Justice Doris Meissner, Chairperson, DOJ Task Force on Indian Matters Miles Flint, Acting Chief, Indian Resources Section, Land & Natural Resources Division Craig Decker, Indian Claims Section, Land & Natural Resources Division Dale Wing, Indian Coordinator, Law Enforcement Assistance Administration Benjamin Cook, Chief, Criminal Section, Investigative Division, FBI Department of Health, Education & Welfare Jerry Bathke, Special Assistant to Director, Office of Native American Programs Native American Representatives Frank Starr, Secretary, Ogiala Sioux Executive Board Edwin Fills the Pipe, Councilman, Oglala Sioux Executive Board Vincent Brewer, Councilman, Oglala Sioux Executive Board Albert Trimble, President, Oglala Sioux Tribe Jim Red Willow Chief Fools Crow Matthew King Louis Bad Wound Frank Kills Enemy Francis He Crow Eugene White Hawk Birgil Kills Straight Larry Red Shirt, Lakota Treaty Council Agenda for Wednesday, June 30, 1976 9:00 a. m. - 12:00 noon (1) Law Enforcement Problems: Department of the Interior Department of Justice (2) Land Issues: Department of the Interior Department of Justice 12:00 noon Lunch 1:30 p.m. - 4:30 p.m. (1) Economic & Education Issues: Department of the Interior Office of Management & Budget (2) Treaty Issues: Department of the Interior Department of Justice Office of Management & Budget ROUTE TO HARPERS FERRY 30 Minory o Loudon Lion 2 (Beo- R 22 00 94) (13nover 38 Scortdale Bes ford 16 MicConnells Green fort Gettysburg Littlestown 3 2316 136 30 Somerse 36 Sars. RIDGE burg castle 24 Waynesocro Man- 32 Correisvile Chesageake 34 Beron 522 22C Mercersting 140 chester 10 13 15 14 LIFE 27(: 23 35 Bel 2:5 32 30 KEYSER 27 Party 530 Planey(cw) 301 West Grace Gdass Meyersdale :5 Cagers LIMONE Hunt Sride 11 Salisbury 97 minster Aderdeen 113 Middletown town 25 24 Kingsville Mincoders Liberty- 12 30 212 13 40 15 CWSCN Benarton 24 B 10 134 TOWA Reisterstown 6 13 a Smyma Sumberland Barkeley Edgenced Sors. Frederick 25 Paw 9 40 Chastertown 11 51 Paw 5 BCC 14 Ft. Ashay 36 52 An 25 Catonsville BALTIMORE Dove 25 11 270 :9 Paint 313 28 301 13 3 Keyser Capen 522 Charles Glen Burne 113 Columbiag Centerville Geldsbero Vewcreek Ramney Bncge Town Farry 23 Gaithers 15 123 Y377. Hrst Rock-taure 29 burg 10 States 5 8 37 50 6 9 Park you? Singer 3 ville Harrington 50 Park 12 22 50 12 Junction 5 Spring 23 14 5 14 Winchester, 7 29 15 TH9 Grasenvilla 13 Denton 8 23/20 Park Anna- Maraceake 110 & WASHINGTON 50 259 Middle- 13 a 14 2 balis 16 404 AITNS. 220 10WA 29 12 11 55 Arlington types 9 Secords 12 Themas 35 18 4 50 17 Mt. Zen Easten - Pers Falls Church Eld 9 18 15. Dive Mccrafield 17 33 me Micoreourg 13 Managers Preston 25 1533- 14 Baker Misitiers 14 North Beard Faderalsburg word Marshad 13 15 airfax 12 22 Durg 4 15 313 29 Perersourg 11 Front Royal exandria for Chasaparake Seacio Easent 259 23 13 Hoodstock 6 Springfield +2 -19 522 5 James 343 TO 23 Basye 34C Warrenton 29 24 DRIVE 17 Gainesville Wood Mt! Vernon 23 Prince 30 Sharp 3 2 Me 12 Manassas bridge Indian Head 11 Fredenck Taylors 16 30 Jackson 12 21 58 234 8 5 23 bridge Cam- Mardala 3 2 Island 15 Sprs. 12 42 9 Luray 17: Sparryvie 17 Э 225 New 16 Plata Mechanicsume Dumines 24 335 Triangie Salisbury 10 11 20 229 15 Market 33 Alton 28 4 ALLECHENY 336 13 39 23 Frankin 13 Wingate 12 = 7 522 12 Quantico 259 1 Newburg Leonard EStimons 22 3 14 Harrison- 17 5 Statement town Owns 235 & 15 Lezington Park 27 231 11(257 burg Shenandoah 3 Rock Pt 3 363 41 , 20 206 32 220 Emouth V3 Daal Island Elkton C Madison Westover 23 13 13 25 23 33 13 3 205 Enionsi Baach 919 15 Yarl 12 15 Fredericks 9 Birthpisch (113)15 5 42 Mt. 33 8 19 21 Orange Roys HatTMom 22 27 Lockout Crisfield Licensey Sidney Э burg 2 3 301112 ROUTE IS WELL MARKED Hilltop House 304-535-6321 Directions from Metropolitan Washington, D. C. Take the Beltway to Route 270, north to Frederick, Md. Take U.S. 340 ( indicated by signs to Charles Town and Brunswick) off Route 270. Follow signs to turn off U.S. 340 into Harpers Ferry. Follow signs directing to Hilltop House. Harpers Ferry is approximately 60 miles from Washington. Train to Harpers Ferry Train 701 leaves Union Station in downtown Washington at 4:50 p.m. and arrives at Harpers Ferry at 5:55 p.m. If you plan to take the train, please notify our office and arrangements will be made to pick you up. For return the train departs Harpers Ferry at 7:15 a.m. and arrives at Union Station at 8:30 a.m. 1730 RHODE ISLAND AVE., N.W., SUITE 509 AMERICAN ARBITRATION ASSOCIATION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20036 (202) 296-8510 50th ANNIVERSARY 1926-1976 THOMAS R. COLOSI Hilltop House Vice President National Affairs Harpers Ferry, West Virginia 304-535-6321 June 29 - July 1, 1976 AGENDA TUESDAY, June 29 6:00 p.m. DINNER 7:30 p.m. GENERAL SESSION Brief Introductory Remarks and Discussion of Agenda Separate meetings Expressions of Concerns, Plans and the Position of the Elected Tribal Council Representatives QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS DISCUSSION 9:30 p.m. ADJOURN WEDNESDAY, June 30 8:00 a.m. BREAKFAST 9:00 GENERAL SESSION AU: Pau:- how The Expressions of Concerns, Plans and the Position of the Lakota Treaty Council Representatives QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS DISCUSSION 12:00 noon LUNCH Offices: Boston Charlotte Chicago Cincinnati Cleveland Dallas Detroit N.J. New York Philadelphia Phoenix Pittsburgh San Diego San Suraduse Wash D.C. HEADQUARTERS: 140 West 51st Street, New York, N.Y. 10020 - 2 - Hilltop House Harpers Ferry, West Virginia 304-535-6321 June 29 - July 1, 1976 WEDNESDAY, cont'd. 1:00 p.m. SEPARATE SESSIONS 3:00 p.m. GENERAL SESSION Responses from Federal Government QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS DISCUSSION 6:00 p.m. DINNER 7:30 p.m. SEPARATE SESSIONS American Arbitration Association Representatives Meeting with Various Groups Separately in Order to Discuss the Implications of the Parties' Respective Positions THURSDAY, July 1 8:00 a.m. BREAKFAST 9:00 a.m. SEPARATE SESSIONS Continuation of Previous Evening's Activities 11:00 a.m. JOINT SESSION Summary and Discussion of Future Plans 12:00 noon LUNCH 1:00 p.m. ADJOURN LIBRARY Hilltop House Harpers Ferry, West Virginia 304-535-6321 Revised Agenda TUESDAY, June 29 6:00 p.m. DINNER 7:30 p.m. AAA representatives will meet with various groups in order to discuss the implications of the parties' 3 respective positions. WEDNESDAY, June 30 8:00 a.m. BREAKFAST 9:00 a.m. GENERAL SESSION: Law and Order Land Issues Expressions of concerns, plans and position of the Lakota Treaty Council and the Elected Tribal Council. Responses from the Federal Government DISCUSSION 12:00 noon LUNCH 1:00 p.m. GENERAL SESSION Economic Plans Treaty Questions Expressions of concerns, plans and position of the Elected Tribal Council and the Lakota Treaty Council. Responses from the Federal Government DISCUSSION 6:00 p.m. DINNER FORD & LIBRARY GERALD - 2 - Hilltop House Harpers Ferry, West Virginia 304-535-6321 7:30 p.m. SEPARATE SESSIONS AAA representatives meeting with various groups separately in order to discuss the implications of the parties' respective positions. THURSDAY, July 1 8:00 a.m. BREAKFAST 9:00 a.m. SEPARATE SESSIONS Continuation of previous evening's sessions. 10:30 a.m. SUMMARY AND DISCUSSION OF FUTURE PLANS 12:00 noon LUNCH 1:00 p.m. ADJOURN RD LIBRARY HARPERS FERRY June 29 - July 1, 1976 Participants REPRESENTATIVES OF LAKOTA TREATY COUNCIL Mr. Louid Bad Wound 712 Allen Street Rapid City, South Dakota 57770 Mr. Birgil Kills Straight Kyle, South Dakota 57752 Mr. Larry Red Shirt 629 Wilsey Street Rapid City, South Dakota Mr. Jim Red Willow Pine Ridge, South Dakota Mr. Eugene White Hawk Manderson, South Dakota REPRESENTATIVES OF ELECTED TRIBAL COUNCIL Mr. Vincent Brewer Mr. Wayne Tapio Councilman Pine Ridge, South Dakota Oglala Sioux Executive Board Pine Ridge, South Dakota 57770 Mr. Marvin Ghost Bear Pine Ridge, South Dakota Mr. Edwin Fills the Pipe Councilman Oglala Sioux Executive Board Box 468 Pine Ridge, South Dakota 57770 Mr. Frank Starr Secretary Oglala Sioux Executive Board Box 468 Pine Ridge, South Dakota 57770 Mr. Albert Trimble President Oglala Sioux Tribe Box 468 Pine Ridge, South Dakota 57770 FORD LIBRARY - 2 - HARPERS FERRY June 29 - July 1, 1976 Participants REPRESENTATIVES OF FEDERAL GOVERNMENT Ms. Janet Brown Mr. Peter R. Taft Assistant to the Deputy Director Assistant Attorney General Domestic Council Land and Natural Resources Room 235 Division Old Executive Office Building Department of Justice Washington, D. C. 20500 10th and Constitution Avenue Washington, D. C. 20530 Ms. Bobbie Kilberg Associate Counsel to the President Mr. Morris Thompson Old Executive Office Building Commissioner Room 106 Bureau of Indian Affairs Washington, D. C. 20500 1951 Constitution Avenue, N.V Washington, D. C. 20245 Mr. Theodore Krenzke Director Ms. Mary Wagner Office of Indian Services Special Assistant to the Dept Bureau of Indian Affairs Attorney General 1951 Constitution Avenue, N.W. Department of Justice Washington, D. C. 20245 10th and Constitution Avenue Washington, D. C. 20530 Dr. Theodore Marrs Special Assistant to the President Mr. Kenneth Sayers for Human Resources Agency Special Officer The White House Bureau of Indian Affairs Washington, D. C. 20050 Aberdeen, South Dakota Ms. Doris Meissner Mr. Jerry Bathke Chairperson, Task Force Special Assistant to the on Indian Matters Director Department of Justice Office of Native American 10th and Constitution Avenue, N.W. Programs Washington, D. C. 20530 Department of Health, Educat and Welfare Mr. Paul H. O'Neill Deputy Director Office of Management and Budget Executive Office Building Washington, D. C. 20503 Mr. Brad Patterson The White House Washington, D. C. 20050 - 3 - HARPERS FERRY June 29 - July 1, 1976 Participants REPRESENTATIVES OF AMERICAN ARBITRATION ASSOCIATION Mr. Scott Buchheit 316 Linn Street Ithaca, New York 14850 Major Robert Charland 52 Park Terrace Sherrill, New York 13461 Mr. Thomas R. Colosi Vice President National Affairs American Arbitration Association 1730 Rhode Island Avenue, N.W. Suite 509 Washington, D. C. 20036 Ms. Linda Flick Administrative Assistant American Arbitration Association 1730 Rhode Island Avenue, N.W. Suite 509 Washington, D. C. 20036 Mr. Howard Rowley Manager, Urban Affairs Rochester Gas & Electric Corporation 89 East Avenue Rochester, New York 14649 Ms. Randy Schneider Intern American Arbitration Association 1730 Rhode Island Avenue, N.W. Suite 509 Washington, D. C., 20036 Mr. Joseph Stulberg Director Community Dispute Service American Arbitration Association 140 West 51st Street New York, New York 10020 - 4 - HARPERS FERRY June 29 - July 1, 1976 Participants INVITED RESOURCES Bill Lazoré Oren Lyons Andy Paul Truety Commal humal describents or relatues of the tradetional chifs j Headwin who signed the 1868 Teats, Foundy the Black Hitls Trusty Counil Labota Treate, Cover't - 1000s of year old - stell intact charging to a way of life, relegion, cultur, land bars, reational voserienty 5- of the lobata reation. We are vat Allls - we are the tradeleousl gout hady UO are a soverlign people, Law Enforcement Trimble Justice. Relations w DoJ "muacceptable" DoJ wants Intial Council To "atore for Wounded Knee" Wants to take our, Lowr Order We career w Trunble or this you't We are trying to couniliate our defferences w the eluted Gunal - our argument is with claim Fud Coul- FBI pravoia -- wonts to harren -r hall our people "Nature annuion Saledority Connuttee"- " coritelpro" still in effect. "Operation Biten"- to Squarle terroust activity. "neteusive marstigations are another name for comitelpro. 2000 dog-solities" story - guerilla worfare traing alleard; source cursure, this titetype is a that list for AIM." 9 "tagets of terrousin" alleged. Stall Cap - Pune FI Roudall Dam ass. for of SD Surpring Et town as S.D. Mr Rushmos Harran Fame of Was Scous Fells LIERARY BENALD ?) road B/A Brilding Buildings 6/15/76 Teletype Ry dimonstration - Seat to CAs arong 6/18/76 T= Oglala ategnes committee identified as a throus group + ulled "daregerous" wk was " aggression by the military Kangle re Truible proporal to local coubol: BIA indorses this Goglola originally coutracted e BIA to take over how El function r them 0 few you ago asked Big to take of back. they did Taska Four looking with this now; the peoblems may have been - 25.- fuaural abour for haw. inforcement. Contral unwol is endorsed & we want will tu sof down u tribe to arrange & In the meantines, we woul a Lau of program which reflects the wishes of the consumity. Suarez We were churp steappiel for money Had 150,000 -200,000 put give. Now CMB2 be are of x $900,000 per year - the Legining of a profermoual program -BiAa technical Source to the tube, Indian Palie academy traumes. We have ORD lamay movey clu. LIBRARY Tenalte a noverbrual community does and of this Size does not and 60 following a) We would 6-7 poluerium transfured No action get bl the Jobin curreat investagentors should 6 offe to take laser to courts - raths ther the FBI do of these all BIA employees Venzhe all (a) -- all are working on of Cope of au be dow valuntarily. 2, persibly 3 may Sr themselves. Otherwise i advise action; but forwer rubs opply. Sugers 60 = 34 unformed policies 8 CIDs 2 will 50y. our are have too much the cerð foil if offert staff. are paliceman community control Do S true - our CIDS do usb fall w US attoney joint TO IRI I lou do this job as well as some of the aguits People who bire there con doo bill job We are talking w the 34 other foliciance we used work a our provided offer TO show lausult them that this would read red of in a Badll Psycllo testury for policement? Sumez Policern are badley andepaid - wakes my differult Red Shut you roles 8 regs bat as important as people getting patted AT- - Devirportenste # of ansters we fulblouds. KS= We an records his 2 areaius Cook We want Indian FBI agusts We have some 2 would more Bad W: Pat a Neugstrate all the Re. DM, would liho to do this - but first then rest bea coult facility that is Q prequisite Veryor CSOs for Pine Ridge Kr. - We are willing to sit dava w AT 2 TE any trues - to tells Trabal contracting self Did act has Some grout money of help. trebs 90 ready, HT: Re (SOs - - you can have too money fature --svouping everywhere. RS How about & liavon offers wal, whom TBI Cau check rumon before suding out teletypes Cook: Will chulk unto this BOK-BITO- - Saund like a good caia hand At, Way & to claegines the 35-40 f land on Reservation 1,066,000 access ( - to be pud back nets trebal or Industrial Indian wriship 19th Centery "Dimushure A" Louis State of SD soep there Caus ded SC Cont Said that there lown did dimush the hake Travens Resulation. ala Rosebud Bad Wound - 14 hand Issue Support AT this efforts ab reacquisition -to continue as 9 will entity. Complaints about fed good a) 8/9/1888 act - bad mused Marriage loud recent to trebe of Indian wowar suarree a non - India, &dies. b) Classification of Fedeaus as "inconpation" c) Opening ap Redian laud in contrasmon 8 usity new was changed of 1868 - Conger did ats catified - Trimble 5 trying to work within his System -trepues to de his but Bub we dout believe in that system - A was unposed on Indian -r you have vot is tenquished our somerighty 1868 Treaty Can be changed only by war or by negatiation (not counectation.) you US boat has done neither. acts of longers stealing any lands are illegal. We ao not 05 ategues - we up hakata restirnals (accepted by Justine) /RA was with by only a minuty habate restron has only one beauch of gout - your has 3. "Iam in A only as a stop goy preasure - -bub 10 se A change." L6' If Congress day not act oy the of ctr Tasty Communion" , thus. what? LBW: We will vat ceverl are Strategy BOK: Other nections LBW: Tlouf at Nebudge agaid me would concentrate on Twenty of 1868 and of eluted trebal councils pictured they would have & at or the goul side only. LIN AAA USG Trumble Commust About Wanted to restore Constitutional foot Caly Constitutions we have 5 as /RA Carest - - whils LIM offsen. 2 hool talked w LIN people - ary of wout avairby. See IRA Combtabor provide for change. LIN people are more right than wrong". Execution Pauses to make improvedent - examples! a) firing transferring policement those 1C would vat write a alle tusly US rute would wake recommendation to lougen bat its members have taken are oacts to support the 05 constitution Elected officerls would be write the 05 gout or could Next step E a letter from " hoose to work with us" the GRF adminition Ec. Dec 2tc supports economy amelopant person BKS', Hearthy Treaus exploid problem laudlock 111 Welfaw reforces OF THE United States Department of the Interior BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS WASHINGTON, D.C. 20245 March 3, 1849 IN REPLY REFER TO: Office of Indian Services-400 BCCO #4747 JUL 1 1976 Memorandum To: Dr. Ted Marrs Special Assistant to the President From: Commissioner of Indian Affairs Subject: President A1 Trimble's Request for Certain Law Enforcement Actions Secretary Kleppe has requested us to respond to your request for a copy of our response to the above request of Al Trimble. To date, we have not given Mr. Trimble a definitive response to his request. Essentially it is asking that we administratively transfer about six police officers from the Reservation. This presents us with a number of very complicated issues which we are trying to resolve as soon as possible. We shall furnish you a copy of our response when it is made. Morris Thompson HAERICAN REVOLUTION WICENTENNAL 1776-1976 ® is 1 H36 R RE147 05/26/76 UNITED * SERVICE wastem union CS LPMBNGZ CSP 6098575821 HGM TDBN PINE RIDGE SD 195 05-26 11424 ES1 OCTOR MARRS HITE HOUSE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE ASHINGTON DC 20510 4747 OMMISSIONER MORRIS THOMPSON OUR MEETING WITH YOU AND SECRETARY KLEPPE THE IMPRESSION WAS ECEIVED THAT THE BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS WOULD ACT DIRECTLY DMYNISTRATIVELY TO RESOLVE CERTAIN PROBLEMS TOWARD RESTORING PEACE AND ORMALCY ON THE PINE RIDGE RESERVATION. PRIMARY AMONG THE ARE4S OF CONCERN WAS THE ADMINISTRATIVE REASSIGNMENT OF CERTAIN POLICE OFFICERS INC SUPERVISORS. DESPITE IMPROVEMENT IN THE POLITICAL CLIMATE AT PINE IDGE, THE POLICE SITUATION APPEAR TO BE STALEMATED WITH LITTLE ATTEKPT THE BUREAU TO IMPROVE THE SITUATION. WE FEEL OUR ASSESSMENT IS ORPORDRATED AY PROFESSIONAL VIEWERS OF THE SITUATION. PUBLIC ACCOUNTS F POLICE INEFFECTIVENESS ARE AGAIN REGINNING TO APPEAR IN PUBLIC CONDUITS. WE DU 501 FEEL THAT OUR NEW ADKINISTRATION SHOULD BE HAMPERED THIS 488001ATION BY INNUENDO. WE SINCERELY REQUEST YOU ACT TO LLEVIATE THE KNOWN PROBLEMS SITUATION ON THE PINF RIDGE RESERVATION, ARRON COPIES TO SENATOR JAMES ABOUREZK, CONGRESSMAL JAMES ABNOR, SENATOR GEORGE MCGOVERN, DOCTOR MARKS, WHITE HOUSE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, AND THE NATIONAL CONGRESS OF AMERICAN INDIANS SUBERT is TRIMBLE PRESIDENT DGLALA STOUX TRIBE 1:05 EST 1GMWSHT HSB

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    "ocrText": "The original documents are located in Box 4, folder \"Pine Ridge - Harper's Ferry Meeting\"\nof the Bradley H. Patterson Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library.\nCopyright Notice\nThe copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of\nphotocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Gerald Ford donated to the United\nStates of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections.\nWorks prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public\ndomain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to\nremain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid\ncopyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library.\nDigitized from Box 4 of the Bradley H. Patterson Files at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library\nOF\nUnited States Department of the Interior\nBUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS\nWASHINGTON, D.C. 20245\nMarch\n3,\n1849\nIN REPLY REFER TO:\nJUN 7 1976\nMemorandum\nTo:\nDr. Theodore Marrs\nSpecial Assistant to the President\nFrom:\nCommissioner of Indian Affairs\nSubject:\nProposed Meeting on Pine Ridge sponsored by\nAmerican Arbitration Association\nBased on conversations between Tom Colosi of the American\nArbitration Association (AAA) and Ted Krenzke of my staff, I\nam aware of a proposed meeting tentatively scheduled for June 29\nthrough July 1 at the Wingspread Conference Center at Racine,\nWisconsin, which would be sponsored by AAA and involve\nrepresentatives of the Oglala Sioux Tribe and those of the admin-\nistration, including particularly the White House, the Justice\nDepartment, and the BIA.\nMr. Colosi has recently met in Minneapolis with a group of Oglala\ntraditionalists, and on May 28 met with Al Trimble, the newly\nseated President of the Oglala Sioux Tribal Council, for purposes\nof discussing this meeting. From the Minneapolis meeting\nMr. Colosi reports the desire of the traditionalists to discuss with\nthe Administration a number of subjects relating to \"public safety\"\non the Reservation, as well as the matter of compliance by the\nUnited States with the 1868 Fort Laramie Treaty.\nThe Bureau believes the Administration should take a positive\nstance toward participation in a meeting such as is being proposed.\nWe are encouraged by the indication of involvement by elected\nmembers of the Oglala Sioux tribal government and feel that, in\ngeneral, a more favorable climate for dealing positively with the\nproblems at Pine Ridge now exists than at any time in recent years.\nWhile strong arguments can undoubtedly be made for stating an\nimmediate willingness of top level Administration attendance at the\nJune 29 - July 1 session on an unconditional basis, we hold the position\nthat measurable success from such a meeting would be significantly\nenhanced through careful planning and preparation by both sides.\nREVOLUTION\nAMERICAN\nBICENTENNIAL\n1776-1976\nT\nR\n2-\nAs you will recall, the original concept of AAA involvement at\nPine Ridge was to address problems of serious cleavage within the\nPine Ridge community. In approaching this problem, the AAA\nindicated they would contact all elements of the community and\nattempt to gain their participation in a mediation process. Now the\nproposal is considerably different and the focus is apparently on\nrelations between the Oglala Sioux and the Federal government.\nWe believe such discussions to be entirely appropriate. However,\nto date it appears that AAA's only in-depth discussions have been\nwith the traditionalists and while Mr. Trimble has indicated\na willingness to participate, there so far has not even been any\ndiscussion of the issues between him and other members of the tribal\ngoverning body, and the group of traditionalists who have been meeting\nwith AAA. In brief, we continue to believe that any meeting with\nAdministration representatives should have been preceded by broad\ndiscussion of the issues at Pine Ridge in forums in which all of the\nvarious elements of the community have had a chance to participate.\nWe are not satisfied that this has taken place to date.\nFrom such a process we would envision the emergence of a fairly clear\ndetermination of the issues which are of most concern to the Pine Ridge\npeople and which could readily be translated into agenda items for the\nmeeting. These proposed agenda items should then be transmitted to\nthe Administration in such a time and manner that they may be given\nsufficient consideration to prepare meaningful responses for the meeting.\nIn general, it is my belief that the Pine Ridge people should be afforded\nan opportunity to discuss as broad a range of issues of concern to them\nas possible.\nIn summary, I recommend that the AAA be given a clear indication of\nthe willingness of the Administration to participate in a meeting of the\nkind they have proposed. Since the issues are virtually certain to cross\nthe lines of various of the Federal agencies, I would urge that you assume\nthe lead role in such a meeting, with suitable representation from the\nBIA, the Justice Department, and any other Federal agency as deemed\nappropriate based on the agenda. Prior to the meeting there should\nhave been substantial discussion of the issues among the varied\nelements of the Pine Ridge community. The results of such discussion\nshould lead to a proposed agenda which should be given to the Admin-\nistration sufficiently in advance of the meeting in order to prepare\nmeaningful responses and determine its participants.\nIf you concur in this approach, I recommend that you advise\nMr. Colosi accordingly. If you have other views on it, I believe\nyou and I should get together as soon as possible to discuss the\nmatter further.\nAMERICAN ARBITRATION ASSOCIATION\n1730 RHODE ISLAND AVE., N.W., SUITE 509\nWASHINGTON, D.C. 20036 (202) 296-8510\n50th ANNIVERSARY\n1926-1976\nTHOMAS R. COLOSI\n/ ce Pres cert\nNational Alta is\nJune 17, 1976\nMs. Bobbie Kilberg\nAssociate Counsel to\nthe President\nOld Executive Office Building\nWashington, D. C. 20500\nDear Bobbie:\nIn response to your recent request, below I have attempted\nto state the positions of the Lakota Treaty Council and\nthe Elected Tribal Council on issues concerning the Pine\nRidge Reservation. I have also enclosed supporting docu-\nments, from which the positions are drawn.\nBoth groups recognize and acknowledge serious problems on\nthe Reservation, of particular immediate concern being\n\"law and order.' Both see increased economic and political\nindependence of the residents as the long-term solution to\nthe problems. The Elected Tribal Council leadership di-\nverge from the Lakota Treaty Council leadership on the\nbasic approach to achieving this goal of greater indepen-\ndence.\nVIEWPOINT OF ELECTED TRIBAL COUNCIL\nHolds the opinion that problems at Pine Ridge are the re-\nsult of basic economic depression on the Reservation, due\nto a general lack of opportunities open to residents (see\ndocument 1). Seeks the assistance of the Federal govern-\nment in implementing several inter-related plans to alle-\nviate economic ills and to strengthen the sense of community\non the Reservation (see documents 2, 3). With aid in es-\ntablishing the certain strategic programs outlined, the\nReservation will develop as a viable economic and political\nunit. The philosophy of the Tribal Council is well stated\non the last page of document 3.\nTORO\nGERALD\nLIBRARY\nCharlotte\nChicago\nCincinnati\nCleveland\nDatias\nNew\nBrunswick,\nN.J.\nNew\nYork\nPhilade/phia\nPhoen\nPitroburgh\nSan Diego\nD.C\nHEADQUARTERS: 140 West 51st Street, New York N.Y. 10020\nVIEWPOINT OF LAKOTA TREATY COUNCIL\nCurrent problems at Pine Ridge are the result of socio-\neconomic demoralization of residents of the Reservation\ndue to alleged violations of the 1868 Fort Laramie Treaty\nand other treaties by the U.S. government, and the Indian\nReorganization Act of 1934 (see documents A, B). Seeks\na forum (e.g. Presidential Treaty Review Commission, World\nCourt, United Nations) to review the actions of the U.S.\ngovernment in honoring treaties. Based on this review,\nseeks compensation and reparation for violations of the\n1868 Treaty and finally, acknowledgement of the Treaty as\nauthority for sovereignty of Indian residents at Pine Ridge\n(see documents C,D,E).\nSincerely,\nThomas R. Colosi\nVice President\nEnclosures\nAcceptance address of Al Trimble, provided in packet\nof materials at meeting at White House, 6/8/76\n1\nTHE PEOPLE OF THE OGLALA SIOUX TRIBE ASKED ME TO LEAD\nOUR TRIBAL GOVERNMENT INTO AN ERA OF GREAT CHANGE. THE CHANGES\nTHEY MANDATE INCLUDE ALMOST EVERY FACET OF THE LIVES WE LIVE ON\nPINE RIDGE RESERVATION, BUT THEY ARE NOT COMPLEX SOCIAL OR\nECONOMIC CHANGES WHICH TAX THE SKILLS AND CAPABILITIES OF A\nPEOPLE LADEN WITH DEVELOPMENTAL PROBLEMS ALREADY COMPLICATING\nTHEIR LIVES - ALTHOUGH THERE WILL BE THESE KINDS OF CHALLENGES\nTO CONTEND WITH.\nTHE CHANGES DEMANDED BY OUR PEOPLE ARE THOSE THAT LEAD US\nBACK TO A SINGLE DECENCY: TO TIMES so CHERISHED BY OUR OLDER AND\nEVEN MIDDLE-AGED PEOPLE, WHEN PEACE AND TRANZQUILITY ON THE\nRESERVATION WAS A QUALITY OF LIFE COMMON TO ALL THE PEOPLE. THE\nPEOPLE DEMAND NOW THAT OPPORTUNITIES, TO BETTER THEIR OWN LIVES,\nBE OFFERED ON THE BASIS OF EQUALITY AND JUSTICE TO MEET THEIR\nNEEDS AND DESIRES. THEY DEMAND THAT ALL AREAS OF GOVERNMENT, WHICH\nEXIST TO RENDER SERVICES AS THE NEED IS EVIDENT - REGARDLESS OF THE\nIDENTITY OF THE PERSON IN NEED.\nBASICALLY THEN, THE OGLALA SIOUX PEOPLE ARE DEMANDING NOTHING\nMORE THAN THE ABILITY TO PURSUE HAPPINESS AND SATISFACTION IN\nTHEIR LIVES - WITHOUT THREAT OR PUTDOWN FROM THEIR FELLOW OGLALA\nSKOUX CITIZENS.\nWE ALL TOO SADLY REALIZE THAT THE PINE RIDGE RESERVATION IS\nDEPECTED NATIONALLY, AND EVEN INTERNATIONALLY AS A COMMUNITY\n-2-\nWHICH DEPRIVES THESE QUALITIES TO A LARGE SEGMENT OF ITS OWN PEOPLE. WE REALIZE\nTHAT REGARDLESS OF FACTS WHICH WOULD SHOW THE GREAT MAJORITY OF OUR PEOPLE AS\nHONORABLE, DECENT AND LAW-ABIDING, OUR IMAGE IS ONE OF A CORRUPTED COMMUNITY, IN\nWHICH ALL OF ONE SEGMENT OF OUT SOCIETY, PRACTICES MISTREATMENT AND TYRANNY OVER\nTHE REMAINING SEGMENT. TO CORRECT THIS PICTURE WILL REQUIRE THE WILLINGNESS OF\nEVERY ONE OF OUR OGLALA CITIZENS TO SET ASIDE MISTRUST AND PREJUDICE - IN FAVOR\nOF THE BROTHERHODDS THAT MUST PREVAIL IF WE ARE TO CONTINUE TO EXIST AS A TRIBE\nONE NATION WITH LOVE AND CONCERN FOR ALL OUR BROTHERS AND SISTERS.\nTO EQUALIZE THE RENDERING OF OPPORTUNITIES IN SUCH AREA AS JOBS, HOUSING,\nBUSINESS ENTRY AND SIMILAR WOULD SEEM MUCH MORE DIFFICULT IN CONCEPT; BECAUSE\nOPPORTUNITIES HAVE NEVER BEEN EVEN NEARLY ADEQUATE FOR ALL ON THIS RESERVATION\nAND TO RENDER TO ONE IN NEED ALMOST CERTAINLY MEANS TO DEPRIVE ANOTHER OF WHAT\nHE HOLDS. BUT WHEN WE SPEAK OF OPPORTUNITY FOR TRIBAL MEMBERS WE DO NOT SPEAK\nOF PRIVATE PROPERTY. WE SPEAK OF OPPORTUNITIES AVAILED TO THE PEOPLE BY THEIR\nTRIBE OR GOVERNMENT WHICH ARE JUSTIFIED AND ESTABLISHED TO ASSIST THOSE WITH THE\nMOST NEED. AND IT IS THIS AREA OF SERVICE THAT THE OGLALA SIOUX TRIBAL GOVERN-\nMENT MUST RESPOND WITH REAL CONCERN FOR ITS PEOPLE - TO EFFECT THE CHANGES THAT\nARE DEMANDED. SO WHILE THIS TALK MAY SEEM MORE DIFFICULT THAN THAT OF AMELIORATING\nMISTRUST AND PREJUDICE AMONG OUT PEOPLE, IT IS REALLY MORE SIMPLE TO ACCOMPLISH\nBECAUSE IT ONLY REQUIRES POSITIVE ACTION ON THE PART OF A DETERMINED TRIBAL\nGOVERNMENT AND ITS LEADERSHIP. THIS, I BELIEVE, IS WHAT THE PEOPLE DEMAND IN\nPUTTING TRIBAL LEADERSHIP IN OUR HANDS. IF THERE IS ONE SINGLE ELEMENT EFFECTING\nTHE QUALITY OF LIVING ON THE PINE RIDGE RESERVATION WHICH IS NOT PRIMARILY IN THE\nHANDS OF TRIBAL GOVERNMENT TO CHANGE, IT IS THE SYSTEM OF LAW ENFORCEMENT AND\nJUSTICE WHICH IS SUPPOSED TO SERVE - NOT DOMINATE - THE COMMUNITY.\n-3-\nTHIS ELEMENT OF TRIBAL LIFE IS NOW CONTROLLED BY THE FEDERAL BUREAUCRACY AND COURTS\nWHICH APPEAR MORE DETERMINED TO CAUSE AND MAINTAIN BREAKDOWN AND FAILURE IN THE\nPEACEKEEPING PROCESS, THAN IN SUPPORTING A SELF-DETERMINED TRIBAL GOVERNMENT. WE\nCAN CHANGE - WE CAN RESTORE TRIBAL AND COMMUNITY CONTROL OF TRIBAL LAW ENFORCEMENT:\nWE CAN UPGRADE OUT TRIBAL JUDICIAL SYSTEM; BUT WE MUST EXERT EVERY PRESSURE AND\nINFLUENCE AT OUR COMMAND TO BRING ABOUT A MORE EFFECTIVE ATTITUDE ON THE PART OF\nTHE JUSTICE DEPARTMENT AND THE FEDERAL COURT SYSTEM. TRIBAL GOVERNMENT MUST NOT\nCONTINUE TO BE TREATED AS AN UNWANTED STEPCHILD OF THE FEDERAL COURT SYSTEM; THE\nJUSTICE DEPARTMENT MUST CEASE TO TREAT OUR PEOPLE AS ALIENS IN THEIR OWN LAND AND\nTHE FBI MIGHT SOME DAY LEARN THAT CRIMINALITY IS AN EXCEPTION TO OUR CULTURE AND\nNOT A PART OF IT. THE GREATER TASK YET MIGHT BE TO CONVINCE THE BUREAU OF INDIAN\nAFFAIRS THAT THE UPPER ECHELONS OF ITS LAW ENFORCEMENT DIVISION DOES NOT EXIST AS\nA BUREAUCRATIC HAVEN FOR NON-INDIANS WITH LITTLE UNDERSTANDING OF OUR COMMUNITY\nNEEDS. IN FACT, ALL THE BUREAU MIGHT LEARN THAT INDIANS DO NOT EXIST FOR THE\nPURPOSE OF MAINTAINING THE BIA - BUT THAT THE BIA CAN EXIST ONLY AS IT EFFECTIVELY\nSERVES INDIAN PEOPLE.\nIN SPEAKING OF THOSE POSITIVE ACTIONS THAT TRIBAL GOVERNMENT CAN AND MUST\nTAKE TO BETTER THE QUALITY OF LIVING FOR ITS PEOPLE, RESERVATION DEVELOPMENT, OF\nCOURSE, IS GENERALLY HELD TO BE THE KEY. WE DO NOT QUARREL WITH THE CONCEPT THAT\nINDUSTRIES WHICH CREATE JOBS FOR THE PEOPLE MUST BE SOUGHT AFTER AND DEVELOPED.\nTHE PINE RIDGE RESERVATION HAS SHOWN SIGNIFICANT DEVELOPMENT AND PROGRESS IN THIS\nAREA. WE MUST CONTINUE THIS DEVELOPMENT IN WAYS THAT REACH MORE AND MORE PEOPLE\nIN THE OUTLYING DISTRICTS OF THE RESERVATION.\nFORD\nLIBRARY\n-4-\nBUT WHILE WE CONTINUE THIS EFFORT WE MUST REMIND OURSELVES THAT OUR MOST\nVALUABLE AND P CIOUS RESOURCE; OUR LAND - ALL THE LAND WITHIN THE BOUNDARIES\nOF OUR RESERVATION NATION, IS THE MOST UNDERUSED FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF\nOUR PEOPLE, AND THE MOST OVER-EXPLOITED BY THE NON-INDIAN PEOPLE WHOM WE HAVE\nPERMITTED TO USE AND GAIN OWNERSHIP OF IT. LANDS OF VAST ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE\nTO THE TRIBE HAVE BEEN ALIENATED FROM TRIBAL OWNERSHIP. THIS RESOURCE IS\nCRUCIAL TO THE TRIBE IF WE ARE SERIOUS AS WE MUST BE ABOUT THE DEVELOPMENT OF\nOUR OGLALA NATION. ECONOMICALLY AND MORALLY, THERE CAN BE NO OTHER POLICY OR\nDIRECTION THAN TO BEGIN AND SUSTAIN AN AGRESSIVE PROGRAM OF REACQUIRING SIOUX\nLANDS WITHIN THE BOUNDARY OF OUR RESERVATION FOR USE BY INDIAN PEOPLE. I MUST\nEXPLAIN HERE FOR THE ALARMISTS, THAT THIS IS NOT AN INDIAN MILITANT EFFORT TO\nDEPRIVE NON-INDIANS OF WHAT THEY HAVE ACQUIRED ON THE RESERVATION (REGARDLESS\nOF THE SORDID, GOVERNMENT-AIDED MEANS WHICH THEY MANY TIMES USED TO ACQUIRE IT,\nREGARDLESS OF THE PITIFULLY LOW PRICE THEY FREQUENTLY WERE PERMITTED BY THE\nGOVERNMENT TO ACQUIRE IT FOR) THIS IS SIMPLY A HARD-NOSED ECONOMIC DECISION\nTHAT MUST BE MADE AND CARRIED OUT FOR THE SURVIVAL OF THE OGLALA SIOUX NATION.\nAGAIN, TO MOLLIFY THE ALARMIST; IT WILL BE OUR INTENT TO REACQUIRE THIS LAND IN\nTHE EXISTING MARKET, PAYING THE PRICE ASKED OR BARGAINING FOR THE BEST DEAL AC-\nCORDING TO HONORED AND ACCEPTED PRACTICES. WE SUBMIT THAT IT WOULD BE BENEATH\nOUR CODE OF HONOR TO ATTEMPT TO REACQUIRE THE LAND IN THE SAME MANNER THAT IT WAS\nTAKEN FROM US. WE MUST SIMPLY RELY ON THE FACT THAT PEOPLE, NOT HAVING THE\nSTRONG SPIRITUAL ATTACHMENT TO OUR LANDS THAT THE SIOUX HAVE, WILL SOONER OR\nLATER PUT IT ON THE MARKET AS THEIR NEED FOR ECONOMIC INTERESTS ARISE. WHEN,\nAND AS THIS HAPPENS, WE MUST BE PREPARED TO REACQUIRE OUR LANDS. TOWARD THIS END\nWE MUST DEVELOP THESE LAND REACQUISITION PROGRAMS AS A TOP PRIORITY - URGING OUT\nCONGRESSMEN AND SENATORS TO EXPAND ON PRESENT INDIAN FINANCING PROGRAMS AND TO\nDEVELOP SPECIFIC LEGISLATION TO EXPEDITE THE PROCESS.\n-5-\nIT MUST BE MENTIONED, THAT ONE IMPORTANT COLLATERAL BENEFIT TO REACQUIRING\nINDIAN LANDS WITHIN THE RESERVATION - WILL BE THE DIMINISHMENT OF EFFORTS BY\nANTI-TRIBAL GOVERNMENT FORCES TO COMPEL INDIANS TO ACCEPT STATE JURISDICTION.\nTHE FORMULA IS VERY SIMPLE; FOR EVERY ACRE OF RESERVATION LAND RETURNED TO INDIAN\nOR TRIBAL OWNERSHIP AND TRUST STATUS, THE POSITION OF THE STATE JURISDICTION\nFORCES IS WEAKENED. WITH THIS PROCESS OF DIMINISHING THE STATE'S TAX BASE ON\nTHE RESERVATION, SOON WILL DISAPPEAR THE NON-INDIAN INTEREST FORCING STATE\nJURISDICTION ON THE RESERVATION. THIS IS A CHALLENGING ASSIGNMENT FOR TRIBAL\nGOVERNMENT, BUT NOTHING COULD BE MORE EXCITING AND SATISFYING TO THE TOTAL INDIAN\nCOMMUNITY.\nMOST OF THE NEWLY ELECTED OFFICERS AND COUNCILMEN GAINED THEIR VOTERS SUP-\nPORT BY PROMISING THE RETURN TO CONSTITUTIONAL TRIBAL GOVERNMENT, AND THE RETURN\nOF POWER TO THE PEOPLE. THIS CAN ONLY BE MANIFESTED BY PROMPT MOVES BY TRIBAL\nGOVERNMENT TO ASSIST THE DISTRICTS TO DEVELOP WORKABLE LOCAL CONTROL OF SERVICES;\nAND TO RENDER TO ALL DISTRICTS THEIR RIGHTFUL SHARE OF TRIBAL PROGRAMS AND FUNDING\nRESOURCES, TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT CONSISTENT WITH THE CONSTITUTION OF THE TRIBE AND\nOTHER LAWS. TOWARD THIS END, THE TRIBAL GOVERNMENT MUST EXTEND OFFICES AND SERVICES\nTO THE DISTRICTS AND THE BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS MUST RESPOND BY REINSTATING THE\nBIA DISTRICT ADMINISTRATORS WHICH WERE so HEEDLESSLY DISMANTLED BY THE BUREAU IN\nTHE PAST YEAR.\nMUCH HAS BEEN SAID ABOUT THE RELATIONS OF THE OGLALA SIOUX TRIBE WITH OUR NON-\nINDIAN NEIGHBORS. WE HAVE BEEN DEPICTED AS BURDENSOME TO THE VARIOUS SURROUNDING\nCOMMUNITIES, AS THREATENING VIOLENCE TO VISTORS ON OUR RESERVATION; AND AS CLEARLY\nUNREADY TO MAINTAIN SELF-GOVERNMENT. THOSE NON-INDIANS ON THE RESERVATION, WHO\nHAVE BEEN SUCCESSFUL IN MAINTAINING A COLONIALISTIC EXISTENCE PRIOR TO THE ERA OF\nINDIAN DEMANDS FOR FULL CITIZENSHIP AND CIVIL RIGHTS, HAVE NOW EMERGED AS CITIZENS\nDEMANDING THEIR CIVIL LIBERTIES. THIS, AFTER GENERATIONS OF EXPLOITING INDIAN\nRESOURCES WITH BOTH OVERT AND TACIT ASSISTANCE OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT. IN OTHER\n-6-\nWORDS, WHEN INDIANS ARE ACCORDED EVEN THE MOST ELEMENTARY RIGHTS - THEN THESE\nCOLONIAL TYPES WANT SUPER-RIGHTS. THE ANSWER TO THESE TYPES IS TO REALLY AC-\nCORD THEM ALL THE CIVIL LIBERTIES THEY CAN STAND. WE SHOULD PASS THE NECESSARY\nTRIBAL ORDINANCES TO BRING THEM UNDER TRIBAL JURISDICTION; JUST AS THEY MUST\nACCEPT THE JURISDICTION OF ANOTHER SOVEREIGNTY WHERE THEY MIGHT CHOOSE TO RESIDE\nAS NON-CITIZENS.\nIN OUR DEALINGS WITH OUR NON-INDIAN NEIGHBORS WE HAVE TOO LONG SOUGHT TO BE\nTREATED AS EQUALS. THIS HAS BEEN NON-PRODUCTIVE AND HAS USUALLY RESULTED ONLY\nIN THE DEMAND THAT WE CONCEDE MORE AND MORE OF OUR HERITAGE, OUR LANDS, RESOURCES\nAND SELF RESPECT.\nTHIS TOO, WE SUBMIT, CAN BE RECTIFIED BY A CHANGE IN ATTITUDE ON OUR PART.\nWE SHOULD DEMAND RESPECT BY TREATING OUR NEIGHBORS AS OUR EQUALS. WE WOULD DO\nso BY INSISTING ON FULL SERVICE OR VALUE FOR USE OF LANDS AND FULL RECOGNITION\nFOR THE CONTRIBUTIONS WE MAKE AS A COMMUNITY.\nIN CONCLUDING, I WISH TO STATE THAT I AM GREATLY HONORED TO ACCEPT THE CHAL-\nLENGE, AND THE POSITION, DIRECTED TO ME BY THE PEOPLE OF THE OGLALA SIOUX TRIBE.\nIT IS A GREAT INSPIRATION TO BE DIRECTED TO SERVE THE PEOPLE - IT IS WITH A HUMBLE\nAPPRECIATION OF OUR GREAT NEEDS THAT I TODAY ACCEPT THE PRESIDENCY OF THE OGLALA\nSIOUX TRIBE.\n2\nA PROGRAM\nFOR\nTHE PINE RIDGE INDIAN RESERVATION **\n-0-\nDecember 10, 1976\n** Provided by Al Trimble at meeting at White House, 6/8/76\nPROPOSAL\nTo establish a high level Federal agency task force to coordinate the\nimmediate implementation of a broad range of specific Federal programs on the\nPine Ridge Indian Reservation designed to create both short and long term em-\nployment opportunities and strengthen the economy of the Tribe and thereby eradicate\nthe root causes of the violence and misery on the Reservation.\nThe Need\nThe Pine Ridge Indian Reservation ranks high now on the agenda of the\nBureau of Indian Affairs. In addition, because of the national and international\nattention that has been focused on the Reservation in recent years, Pine Ridge,\neven though it is a small community, can be said also to be on the domestic\nagenda of the White House. President Ford's recent meeting with an alleged Chief,\nFrank Fools Crow, is illustrative of the fact that Pine Ridge is, indeed, a matter\nof national interest and concern.\nMuch of the discussion of the Pine Ridge Reservation has centered on the\nhigh rate of violent crimes. It should be noted, however, that contrary to the\nimpression sometimes left by the media, persons knowledgeable of life on the\nReservation agree that these crimes are not connected with political disputes.\nRather, the shootings that do take place on the Reservation seem to be the result\nof personal feuds and of the tension created by the misery and the hopeless human\nconditions that exist.\nThe initial response to the Law and Order problem on the Pine Ridge Reserva-\ntion has been to consider sending in more police. But when one closely examines\nand understands the underlying causes of the violence on the Reservation, it be-\ncomes evident that an increased police force, by itself, will not solve the problem.\nThe Pine Ridge Reservation, located in the southwest corner of South Dakota,\nis the second largest Indian Reservation in the country. The unemployment rate\non the Reservation, which has a population of over 12,000 people, is over 60.\nA study prepared at the request of the Secretary of the Interior found in a report\ndated June 24, 1975, that in over one-third of the Indian households on the Pine\nRidge Reservation, no one works. About 40% of those who were employed were found\nto be significantly underemployed. In sharp contrast, non-Indians on the Reserva-\ntion and in nearby communities enjoy reasonable standards of living. Most Indians\non the Reservation face a life of poverty and dispair with little hope of meaningful\nemployment.\nIt is in this context, therefore, that we recommend that instead of relying\nsolely on increased law enforcement activities to curb the violence on the Re-\nservation, we develop and implement immediately a program that reaches the root\ncauses of violence. What is recommended is a comprehensive Federal effort to put\npeople on the Reservation to work and to provide them with a basis for improving\ntheir standard of living.\nPine Ridge Development Task Force\nA broad range of Federal programs could be funded on the Pine Ridge Reservation\nto provide immediate job training and employment opportunities for members of the\nOglala Sioux Tribe, to construct needed community facilities on the Reservation\nand to broaden the economic base of the Tribe and thereby strengthen the future\neconomy of the Reservation.\nTo coordinate the planning and implementation and to accelerate the initiation\nof the programs, a high level committment by the Ford Administration is necessary.\nIt is recommended that the White House direct the Secretaries of Interior, Labor,\nCommerce, Housing and Urban Development, Agriculture, Transportation and Health\nEducation and Welfare, the Attorney General and the Director of the Office of\nManagement and Budget to commit their respective departments to a joint effort\non the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation.\nTo assure that the commitment is fulfilled and that specific Federal Projects\nare expeditiously implemented, it is suggested that a coordinating group be created\nchaired by a designee of the Secretary of the Interior and whose members would in-\nclude designees of the other departments mentioned above. It is recommended that\nthe designee of the Oglala Sioux Tribe be a member of this group.\nThe Task Force should be in existence for not more than one year and should\nmeet at least once each month to coordinate and supervise the development of the\nspecific projects. It is suggested that limited staff be made available by the\nCommissioner of Indian Affairs to assist the Task Force in meeting its res-\nponsibilities.\nThe focus of the mandate of the Task Force will be to coordinate the immediate\nimplementation of several Federal programs on the Pine Ridge Reservation. It is not\nintended to be a study or planning group, but rather an action-oriented group whose\nprimary responsibility is to assure the initiation of job-oriented programs.\nFederal Programs\nThe first responsibility of the Task Force should be to develop an agenda of\nFederal programs to be initiated on the Pine Ridge Reservation and to develop a\nspecific timetable for the implementation of these programs. These projects should\ninclude the following.\n1. Department of Labor\nPutting people to work is the most critical problem on the Reservation. A\ncomprehensive effort encompassing all able-bodied people on the Reservation would\nhelp create longterm employment opportunities for these persons and would unquest-\nionably be an investment which would pay off in terms of reduction of the costs\nof other Federal programs.\nThe Department of Labor should, with the cooperation of the Bureau of\nIndian Affairs, set up a three-year employment program on the Reservation. An\neffort should be made to ensure that all unemployed persons able to work are\nregistered for employment assistance. The basic funds for the programs should\ncome from Title III of the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act as well\nas Title X of the Public Works and Economic Development Act. In addition, the\nprograms should coordinate the employment aspects of the other programs set forth\nbelow.\n2. Department of Commerce - Economic Development Administration\n(a) Oglala Sioux Tribe Parks Board\nThe Tribe has entered into an agreement with the National Parks Service\nwhereby the Tribe has agreed to allow the Park Service to use certain tribal\nlands for the Badlands National Monument in exchange for a position of the entrance\nfee that will be charged to the Monument. The fee will be paid over to the Oglala\nSioux Tribe Parks Board which is a development corporation organized by the Tribe\nto formulate and develop tourism for the Reservation, particularly in the Badlands\nNational Monument area. Revenue generated by the fee arrangement will be used by\nthe Board to develop recreation resources wthin the Reservation. To maximize the\nrevenue potential of tourism in the MOnument area, the Tribe would like to develop\ncertain concessions on the Reservation.\nProjects designed to increase tourism revenue funded through the Economic\nDevelopment Administration under the Public Works and Economic Development Act of\n1965 include projects to:\n(1) Improve and upgrade the Cedar Pass concessions;\n(2) Develop a commercial campground;\n(3) Construct a visitors center;\n(4) Construct a commercial hotel; and\n(5) Develop the site of Wounded Knee\nThe present building which houses the tribal offices is totally inadequate\nto meet the present needs of the Tribe. It is old and does not have sufficient\noffice space to provide facilities for tribal officials responsible for administer-\ning various trital programs. Funds should be provided through the Economic Develop-\nment Administration under the Public Works and Economic Development Act of 1965\nto construct a new Tribal Office Building designed to provide offices for most\ntribal officials.\n3. Department of Housing and Urban Development\n(a) Community Facility\nA community center is needed on the Pine Ridge Reservation to serve both\ncommunity purposes and to supplement the tourism facilities to be developed by\nthe Parks Board.\nCommunity block grant funds should be used to construct a multipurpose\ncommunity facility in Pine Ridge.\n(b) Housing\nThe lack of sufficient decent, safe and sanitary housing on the\nReservation remains a critical problem. Although it is estimated that between\n1,500 and 2,000 units must be built to meet the current housing needs, the rate\nof construction on the Reservation is between 100 to 200 units per year.\nThe construction of a substantial number of additional self-help housing\nunits should be funded for the Pine Ridge Reservation.\n4. Department of Agriculture\n(a) Land Acquisition Enterprise\nThe Tribe established in 1959 a Land Acquisition Enterprise for the\npurpose of acquiring interests in land within the Pine Ridge Reservation for the\nuse and improvement of the economic standing of the Tribe. Tribal land has been\npledged to the Enterprise, and land has been purchased for the Enterprise with\nTribal funds with the proceeds of loans of $4 million from the Farmers Home Ad-\nministration. The Enterprise now generates a substantial surplus of income, and\nthe Tribe has applied for an additional $3 million loan from the Farmers Home Ad-\nministration with which it intends to purchase additional land.\nApproval of the $3 million loan from the Farmers Home Administration should\nbe expedited to enable the Tribe to stabilize its land base through the purchase\nof additonal land within the Reservation.\n(b) Conversion to Agricultural Production\nMost of the Tribe's general income is derived from leasing its land for\ngrazing purposes. This land generates income of approximately $1.30 per acre.\nThe amount of income produced by tribal land could be increased substantially if\nthe land were used instead for agricultural purposes. Some 300,000 acres of\ntribal land has been identified as being capable of supporting agricultural pro-\nduction, and the Tribe would like to initiate steps to convert its grazing units\ninto agricultural land. Current and projected world food demand suggests that\nthis would be a highly profitable enterprise for the Tribe. However, to success-\nfully convert its land to agricultural use, technical assistance and financial\nassistance will be necessary.\nA program to convert grazing land on the Reservation to farm use should be\nimmediately funded.\n5.\nDepartment of Transportation\n(a) Rural Bus Demonstration Project\nMost of the residents of the Reservation live in widely scattered\nvillages. Since there is no public transporation system on the Reservation,\nresidents must rely on private vehicles for transportation. Many must pay as\nmuch as $20 to hire a private vehicle to travel to Pine Ridge Village where\ntribal and Bureau offices, the hospital and most retail establishments are located.\nThe Tribe wishes to develop an efficient, though limited, system of bus transporta-\ntion on the Reservation to connect the residents of the Reservation's outlying\nareas with the essential goods and services and employment opportunities available\nat Pine Ridge Village.\nThe Rural Bus Demonstration Project application that is being submitted\nby the Tribe to the Department of Transportation to enable the Tribe to establish\na tribal bus system should be funded.\n(b) Secondary Road and Street Improvement\nApproximately 25 miles of secondary roads in each district of the\nReservation are in need of improvment. In addition, sidewalks, curbs, gutters\nand pavement are needed in Pine Ridge Village.\nRoad and Street improvement programs should be funded through the Federal\nHighway Administration or the Economic Development Administration.\n6.\nDepartment of Health, Education and Welfare\n(a) Intensify and Coordinate Ongoing Education and Indian Health Service\nPrograms.\nFor example, the schedule for construction of schools on the Reservation\nshould be accelerated. General support through the Office of Native American\nPrograms should be increased.\n(b) Home for the Elderly\nFunds should be provided to maintain and operate the home for the\nelderly on the Pine Ridge Reservation.\n(c) Child Day Care Center\nA child day care center is needed in Pine Ridge Village. A facility\nto provide full-time day care should be built. Since it may be possible to\nutilize some of the facilities in the home for the elderly, it is suggested that\nthe day care center be build in the vicinity of the home for the elderly. In\naddition, this would permit contact with the children for those persons in the\nhome who so desire.\nFunds will be needed to construct, maintain and operate the child day\ncare facility.\n7.\nDepartment of Justice - Law Enforcement Assistance Administration\nConstruction of the correctional facility in Pine Ridge and the Police\nsubstations in the various villages should be expedited.\n8.\nDepartment of Interior - Bureau of Indian Affairs\nExisting support programs should be extended and expanded, particularly\nsupport for the project now under way to develop and implement a centralized and\nfiscal management system for the Tribe.\nProvided by Al Trimble at meeting at White Hous e, 6/8/76\n3\nTHE PINE RIDGE REDEVELOPMENT PLAN\nGOVERNMENTAL & ECONOMIC CENTRALIZATION\nA new Tribal Government facility should be developed to\nbetter serve the entire reservation population governmentally\nand economically.\nThe present location of Pine Ridge as the seat of tribal\ngovernment negates many aspects of reservation development.\n-\nThe present seat feeds off the Nebraska trade centers\nand drains capital flow from the reservation.\n-\nEighty percent of all reservation job opportunities\nare centered around. Pine Ridge and realistically\navailable to only about 20% of the reservation pop-\nulation.\n-\nEighty percent of all salary is immediately spent, or\nbanked and then spent, in Nebraska (all money spent\non the reservation is banked off the reservation) -\n-\nThere is practically no second, third, or fourth\nturnover of money on the reservation (as occurs in\nNebraska, or other off-reservation communities).\nA centralized trade location will move the money inward\nand encourage its use and re-use on the reservation. Private\nbusiness development will encourage local expenditure in all res-\nervation communities and will pay for additional jobs for more and\nmore local expenditures.\nEXAMPLE: New community - Tribal government = 75 jobs\n\"\n\"\n- Business\n= 35 jobs\n\"\n- Gov't Services\n= 20 jobs\n130 jobs\nThis, based on informal finger counting, should stand up\nfairly well in comparison with the similar businesses established\nand operating.\nThe construction of such a new governmental community with\nthe surrounding business development can utilize 200 to 300 persons\nfor more than a year, if including the government trade facilities\nGOVERNMENTAL & ECONOMIC CENTRALIZATION - 2\nin all the major communities of the reservation.\nAll district headquarters communities need local government\ncenters and business facilities (mini-malls) .\nThe Oçlala Sioux people badly need a tribal symbol of res-\nervation pride and identification. Like Brazilia, the Oglala\npeople need a new tribal government community developed to foster\na sense of progress and development.\nTHE PINE RIDGE REDEVELOPMENT PLAN\nLANDS REACQUISITION\nThe reacquisition of all alienated Indian lands within\nthe exterior boundaries of the Pine Ridge Reservation would\ninclude 1,066,000 acres at the current market value of approx-\nimately $120 million.\n-\nAt current productivity, 640 acres of farming land\ncan support a family of five, once placed in oper-\nation.\n- At current productivity, 7,680 acres of grazing land\ncan support a family of five, once placed in oper-\nation.\n-\nAlienated land is 65% farmland, amounting to 692,900\nacres. This should be equivalent to 1,083 farming\nunits of 640 acres each, or 1,083 farm management\njobs potential.\n- Alienated land is 35% grassland, amounting to 373,000\nacres. This should be equivalent to 48.58 ranching\nunits or 7,680 each, or 49 ranching management jobs.\nThe solid potential then is for more than 1,100 agribus-\niness management jobs, with more than 2,000 potential submanagement\njobs.\nThis does not count the private sector agribusiness jobs\nthat can become available or be developed concurrent with the\nother development of the private sector on the reservation.\nIt is proposed that a twenty-year plan be developed for\nIndian land reacquisition for the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation.\nThe politically-beneficial effect to this program would be\nthe diminishment of the State's jurisdiction drive -- to further\nalienate Indian lands for eventual termination of trust relation-\nship between the Federal government and Indian tribes.\nTHE PINE RIDGE REDEVELOPMENT PLAN\nLAW ENFORCEMENT\nLaw enforcement should ideally be controlled in the local\ncommunity being served, whether on a community, district, or res-\nervation basis.\nIt is proposed that some $500,000 of the present law\nenforcement budget be utilized to develop an overall tribal\nreservation basis. Each district will select policemen for\nemployment and be able to dictate the termination of policemen's\nservices if performance or conduct is not satisfactory.\nThe BIA will use the remainder of the budget to maintain a\nmobile police force similar in function and performance ability\nto state patrol forces. This force will serve the village of\nPine Ridge and will also patrol all reservation main roads in\na pattern making them available to reinforce local district\npolicemen when needed.\nThe tribe will also contract to maintain all detention\nfacilities and communications.\nIt is anticipated that the Law Enforcement Assistance Admin-\nistration (LEAA) will be needed to initially equip the tribal\nforces with cruisers, communications and other equipment, and\nparaphenalia.\nLIBRARY\nTHE PINE RIDGE REDEVELOPMENT PLAN\nTRANSPORTATION\nTransportation development on the Pine Ridge Reservation\nhas heretofore meant generally developing the necessary surface\narterials needed to serve the reservation and its economic growth\nat a schedule about ten years behind other county and state\nentities of similar need.\nA change of priority will be necessary only in making a\nnew governmental center optimally accessible to all areas of the\nreservation. This will include 45 miles of road not previously\nplanned for, at a probable cost of $2,700,000.\nPine Ridge has the first class runway (concrete surface\nof 5,400 and 3,600 ft. lengths) needed to accomodate commuter\nand air taxi planes up to the size of a business jet. However,\nthere are no locally based planes nor service facilities avail-\nable. FAA approved facilities must be developed, both to provide\na vital transportation link with regional airports at Rapid City,\nPierre, South Dakota, and Chadron, Nebraska.\nIn addition, ther is a need for air ambulance service and\nair freighting services.\nTo complement the developed airport at Pine Ridge, stabilized\nturf airstrips should be built at or near the district communities\non the reservation.\nTHE PINE RIDGE REDEVELOPMENT PLAN\nECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT\nWe have had the cart before the horse these many years in\nattempting to develop industry on the Pine Ridge Reservation as\na means of bettering the lives of our people. We have brought\nin a number of industries, putting people on payrolls to receive\nmoney which they promptly spend off the reservation because we\nlacked the private business sector to use and hold the money on\nthe reservation.\nBy and large, we have been content to permit the original\nnon-Indian entrepreneur to continue to dominate this area of the\neconomy. The non-Indian entrepreneurs, their families, and non-\nIndian friends and relatives have also held the majority of the\njobs in this area of the economy. The same has largely been true\nin the farming and agribusiness areas.\nBy aggressively entering their area of economic develop-\nment, developing new businesses on the reservation, and gaining\nIndian ownership of these businesses, we can move to develop\nand stabilize our overall economy. This means more jobs for\nthe people now jobless or underemployed. It means that money\nstays in the community longer to pay for additional jobs.\nWhen we have developed conditions for the local economy to\ngrow, then we have better conditions for real, not transient,\nindustrialization. Furthermore, it will take place in the dis-\ntricts where there has been little exposure to full true employ-\nment opportunities.\nTHE PINE RIDGE REDEVELOPMENT PLAN\nHOUSING\nConsidering that minimal housing needs are less than 50%\nmet at this time, continual amelioration of the need will be an\nimportant part of the new Tribal government community. Both\nlow rent and home ownership types of projects should be incorp--\norated; but the latter would take on more importance as these\nwould appeal to the sense of responsibility we are seeking to\nfoster in creating both permanent job situations and the perm-\nanent job holder to fill the jobs.\nWhile designing homes toward an attractive model community,\nsocial and pride in ownership factors must also be addressed\nLOW rent homes should be as attractive and desireable as the\nowned home. Disadvantages of the \"cluster\" low rent HUD homes\nshould be designed out with more land space and sense of privacy\ndesigned in. This can be accomplished mostly by using one to\ntwo acres ranchettes with all homes permanently fenced. This\nwould encourage the private utilization of the surrounding space\nfor gardens, horses, poultry raising, fruit trees, etc.\nHomes that become the pride of the owners or users also\nbecome respected by others. When this catches on, then emulation\nand competition develops. This becomes the corner stone of the\nreal stable community.\nThen, of course, it takes a job or stable source of income\nto maintain the home --- another direction toward a desireable end.\nTHE PINE RIDGE REDEVELOPMENT PLAN\nSUMMARY\nIn the final analysis we do not believe that the growing\npopulation of the Oglala Sioux Tribe will be amenable to con-\nsider options other than reservation life until the tribal\nresource is fully available to tribal members and used by them.\nBy that time, through the process of education and in-\ndividual growth, plus the element of satisfaction gained through\ntribal participation, our people will have acquired the basis for\nexercising true options: To leave for better opportunities, or\nto stay and compete for what is available.\nWhen this happens, the Federal Government will have no\nneed for relocation programs to cities and urban areas; or for\nother designs to ger Indians into the \"mainstream.\"\nDocuments A through E were provided to the White House in\na letter from Larry Red Shirt, 6/14/76\nA\nTO:\nOglala Sioux Tribal Council\nPine Ridge, South Dakota\nFROM: Lakota Treaty Council\nLarry Red Shirt\nExecutive Coordinator\nDATE: April 19, 1976\nMr. Chairman, members of the Council, and members of the Oglala\nLakota Nation, who are present at this meeting here today:\nI am honored for the opportunity of addressing this elected Council\nof our Nation. First, on behalf of the Chiefs and Headmen of the Oglala\nLakota Nation, I extend a handshake and congratulations to each and every\none of you in your successful venture in this elective system.\nAs it involves and affects the future of our Nation and the future\nof coming generations, I feel it is extremely important to present to this\nCouncil the position and the progress that the Lakota Treaty Council has\nmade in respect of gaining recognition of the 1868 Fort Laramie Treaty.\nBefore I proceed any further, for the benefit of those present that\n¿o not know or who have forgotten, I would like to explain briefly the\n\"Interpretation and meaning of the \"1868 Treaty\" and also the term \"Tradition-\nalist\" as it applies to the members and constituency of the Lakota Treaty\nCouncil.\nThe Lakota Treaty Council believes and clings to our way of life as\nour Forefathers lived it. A way of life, with basic human principles and\ndoctrines, although humble in its nature, have been recognized by other in-\ndeginious peoples as one of the greatest in the world. It is our hope that\n\"truth\" itself will peel away the layers of ignorance which is the result of\na hundred years of brainwashing.\" Thus, we recognize that one of our greatest\ntasks is the re-education of our own people.\nIn the 1860's the \"Great Lakota Nation\" along with its allies initiat-\ned a resistance (so called Red Cloud's War) that halted the invasion and so-\ncalled \"Westward Expansion of the Wasin Icula: Time and time again, the Lakota\nproved invincible and victorious. The U.S. Government after realizing that it\nwas costing them 2 million dollars to kill one Lakota and the fact that the\n\"Civil War\" had just put a big dent in their pocketbook, decided to push for\na peaceful settlement.\nSubsequently, both Nations agreed to the terms and entered into a\nTreaty. What is to be known as \"The 1868 Fort Laramie Treaty.\"\nEven today we are bound to that same Treaty not only by the natural\nlaws that govern us, but because our Forefathers blessed the Treaty with the\n\"Sacred Pipe\".\nEven today the people of the United States Goverment are bound to\nthat same Treaty because U.S. Law says treaties are \"on par and equal to the\nconstitution\" as \"Supreme Law of the land\".\nThe 1868 Treaty is binding on both Nations as defined under Intern-\naional Law.\nI'Kce Wica sa or a \"Traditionalist is a person who has retained his\nconcept of self and his spiritually through the \"Sacred Pipe\" despite con-\ncentrated efforts by the \"Wasin Icula\" through his socio-religious system\nwhich sought to destroy the culture and religion of the Ikce Wicasa.\nLanguage and Religion has been the sustaining factor which has pre-\nserved our culture. When the \"White Buffalo Calf Maiden\" delivered the\n\"Sacred Pipe\" to our people in the dim recesses of history, the central mes-\nsage was \"When the people no longer believe in this Pipe, they as people will\nno longer exist.\nSince the inception of the reservation era, the Federal Government has\ncontinually attempted to discredit and destroy the die-hard Traditionalist\nwho has maintained his identity and his stubborn insistance that the United\nStates Government honor the terms of the 1868 Treaty. Today, we, the members\nof the Lakota Treaty Council stand proud as visible evidence that they have\nfailed miserably in this attempt.\nSubsequent to June 26, 1975 when the land of Oglala Lakota was again\ninvaded and occupied by forces of the United States Government who with their\nsophisticated weaponry subjected many innocent Oglala to unnecessary acts of\nintimidation and harassment for the\"alleged\" killing of two of their trespas-\nsing agents. The cries of distress by the people prompted the traditional\nleaders to seek alternate solutions to end the violence.\nThe consensus of the combined leadership of Chiefs, Headmen and Spiritual\nleaders was the need for an immediate meeting between the heads of the two\nnations to undertake necessary steps to resolve the underlying issues which\nfermented these and other acts of violence.\nThe Traditional leadership felt that all problems could be traced di-\nrectly to the continued violations of the terms of the 1868 Treaty by the\nUnited States Government.\nA letter was sent to the President and a delegation of traditional\nleaders was sent to Washington, D.C., to meet with the President but when they\narrived, they were met with apposition in full force in all areas.\nPerseverance and dedication to the task prevailed and the traditional\nleadership did meet with the President of the United States and his Aides on\nNovember 10, 1975.\nFrom this meeting the traditional leadership received from the President\nthe assurance that a Fools Crow-Ford sanctioned Presidential Treaty Review\nCommission would be established.\nThe American Arbitration Association have been accepted by the respect-\nive parties to act as mediators in the forthcoming discussions concerning the\n1868 Fort Laramie Treaty and domestic issues.\nAlthough the Lakota people have suffered greatly especially in these\npast few years, it is time that the people put aside past differences and unite.\nWith the strengthening and unification of our people can we take\npositive steps to insure that \"Divide and conquer\" tactics will not work\nanymore with the Oglala. We have suffered enough.\nWe the Lakota Treaty Council invite all true Oglala to lift up\ntheir heads and look to the future of our children and the unborn. The\nLakota people must recognize who the real enemy is, that we may defend\nourselves.\nWe ask for your support in our struggle to find justice and free-\ndom for our people. Support the 1868 Treaty. Though a long hard road\nlies ahead of us - we walk forward with our heads up to confront the many\nobstacles as a true Oglala.\nWith the guidance of Tunkasila, Wakan Tanka we shall win! The strug-\ngle goes on.\nHo. Hechetu Yelo.\nPilamaye Pi Yelo.\nOgle Luta\nOgle Luta\nLarry Red thit\nB\nWHEREAS it is B historical Fact that the United States government\nby ibsrate purpose and design has violated the articles contained\nin i:, 1863 Treaty OF Ft. Larmie; and\nWHEREAS said Treaty was negotiated on behalf OF the United States\ngovernment by a presidential commission;\nWE ARE OF the conviction that there exists the need for the preside\nto appoint a commission with Full authority to act on his behalf, to\nmeet with the delegates OF the Sioux Nation For purposes oF reviewing\nsaid Treaty and to take corrective measures partaining to such violatio\nThe delegates of the Sioux Nation who have come to Washington For\nthe sole purpose OF impressing upon the President OF the United States\nthat a need does exist to review this Treaty, hereby, in chronological\norder list the priorities OF their mission;\n1. The creation OF a Presidantial Treaty Review Commission, espec-\nielly in regard to Articles 1 and 2.\n2. The removel OF the United States armed Forces, such as the Fed-\neral Bureeu of Investigation, with their sophisticated weaponry who are\non our lands in direct violation OF Article 1 of the Treaty OF 1858,\nSigne\n4. We demand amnesty For all Wounded Knee, Custer, Sioux Falls and\nrelated cases,\n5. The suspension OF the prosecution OF Indian people by the United\nStates Attorney General's OFFice, including the suspension OF all ection\nby the Federal Bureau OF Investigation and the Grand Juries, until a\ndetermination is made by the Joint Commission OF the United States and\nthe delegates OF the Sioux Nation in regard to the Treaty OF 1868.\n5. The suspension of operations OF the present Oglala Sioux tribal\ncouncil which is an outgrowth of the Indian Reorganization Act [Wheeler-\nHoward] OF 1934, and is in direct violation OF the 1868 Treaty Article\n2 which precludes the United States From enecting lews pertaining to the\nSicux Nation.\nThe Fect that many mixed bloods Indians presently reside on the\nreservation is another violation OF said Treaty, [Articles 2 and 12 D\nthe Treaty of 1868 and Articles7 OF the Commissioners proposition to\nthe Oglala Sioux under the Treaty OF 1868, made at the Red Cloud Agenc\nSeptember 7, 1876.]\nContinued violations of said Treaty by the United States govern-\nment does not abrogate said Treaty nor do such acts lend support to\nthe idea that such acts are legal.\nWe are the traditional governing body OF the Oglala Sioux Nation.\niie have come because OF the desires of our people to honor Article 1\nOF said Treaty. We come in PEACE.\nC\nSUPPORT AND ASSISTANCE\nFOR\nLONG RANGE GOALS AND OBJECTIVES\nHow the Oglala Sioux Tribal Council can assist the Lakota Treaty Council\nto gain recognition on the 1868 Fort Laramie Treaty.\n1. Resolution of Total Support in gaining recognition of the 1868 Fort\nLaramie Treaty as defined and interpreted by U.S. Law, Lakota Law\nand International Law.\n2. Approve and support the concept of the Presidential Treaty Review\nCommission.\n3. Reject all overtures to have the Sioux Nation to accept the Black\nHills Claim.\n4. Logistical support by the Oglala Sioux Tribal Council when specifi-\ncally requested by Lakota Treaty Council.\n5. Recognize, acknowledge and support the International Indian Treaty\nCouncil and the efforts of Jimmie Durham in New York City, who is\nworking deligently to have the 1868 Fort Laramie Treaty presented\nto an international Forum i.e. United Nations -- Possibly the World\nCourt.\nSTATEMENT OF THE POSITION OF THE OGLALA BAND OF THE GREAT\nD\nTETON NATION, MOBRIDGE, SOUTH DAKOTA, JUNE 1974\nWe, the traditional descendants and official representatives of the\nOglala Band of the Great Teton Sioux Nation, pursuant to Article VI\nof the September 17, 1852 Treaty of Ft. Laramie with the Sioux, etc.,\ndo issue the following document as a position of policy:\nIT HAS ALWAYS BEEN OUR BELIEF AND POSITION THAT ACTS ON BEHALF\nOF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT, SUBSEQUENT TO THE TREATY OF\n1868, DID NOT DIMINISH OUR INHERENT RIGHT TO GOVERN OURSELVES\nAS A SOVEREIGN NATION.\nIT IS ALSO OUR POSITION THAT ALL ACTIONS TAKEN BY THE UNITED\nSTATES GOVERNMENT ON THE 1863 TREATY HAVE BEEN ILLEGAL AND\nCONTRARY TO THE PRACTICES OF INTERNATIONAL LAW AND THE USUAL\nRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOVEREIGN NATIONS.\nWe, the Oglala Band of the GREAT TETON NATION recognize the basic\nneed to establish a list of priorities in regards to the 1868 FT.\nLARAMIE TREATY. These priorities are:\n1. RECOGNITION OF THE TREATY\nA. We want TOTAL RECOGNITION of the Treaty and nothing less\n1. All lands west of the east bank of the Missouri River\nand east of the Bighorn Mountains.\n2. Dams and revenues derived from them, including recreation\ne.g. the Black Hills, etc.\n3. Reparations for violations and damages to the land and\npeople.\n2. PROPOSED SOLUTIONS\nWe will take the Treaties to:\nA. the World Court\nB. the United Nations\nC. Official support from Nations throughout the world and rec-\nognition as an independent Nation.\n3. PLAN FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF SOLUTION\nA. Need to establish an organization of national, international\nscope to be utilized as a vehicle to implement the recommend-\nations of the various workshops of this First International\nTreaty Convention.\nB. Establishment of a team of international lawyers and the trad-\nitional chiefs and headmen to present solutions to the gov-\nernment and international communities.\n4. EDUCATION OF OUR PEOPLE\nA. To show that the chiefs are truly recognized as spokesmen of\nthe people.\nB. The practice of living as traditional people.\nC. Forcing our tribal councils to take direct action on treaties.\nLAST EFFORT TO NEGOATIATE WITH U. S. GOVERNMENT\nE\nCONTACT: Lakota Treaty Council\n(605)348-4393\nP. 0. Box 2337\nRapid City, South Dakota 57701\nOglala Communications Center\n(605)348-5846\nWashington, D. C. Contact\n(202)234-1616\nAn Oglala Lakota delegation of Traditional Chiefs, Headmen, District\nChairmen and other influential representatives of the Pine Ridge Reservation\narrived in Washington, D. C., on Saturday, August 30, 1975. The Oglala\ndelegation will not leave Washington, D. C., until they have met with the\nPresident of the United States to demand the immediate enforcement of the 1868\nFt. Laramie Treaty, thereby re-establishing the sovereignty of the Oglala\nNation.\nContinued economic deprivation and the U. S. Government interference with\nreligion, culture and the traditional form of government have prompted the\nOglala Nation to take positive actions to halt the gross violations of the 1868\nTreaty. Violence, disruption of harmony and the creation of factionalism on\nthe Pine Ridge Reservation are the result of imposed legislation without the\nfull consent of the Oglala Nation, as specified in the Treaty.\nPast negotiations with the different governmental department have proven\nineffective because of insensitivity, inexperience, disrespect and total ignor-\nance of the problems faced by the Oglala people.\nOver-reaction to an alleged incident on the reservation on June 26 by\ngovernmental forces resulted in unnecessary loss of lives, considerable property\ndamage and endangering the life of every individual on the Pine Ridge Reservation.\nTotal disregard for individual rights and freedom in the investigative process\nconducted by the F.B.I. strengthened the unification of traditional people to\nstand as one against further invasion.\nThe Oglala Nation with the sacred pipe send a prayer and 2 call for help\nto all four directions, to Grandfather the Great Spirit, to Grandmother Earth,\nand to all life in between, to stand in support of the actions taken by the\nLakota Nation.\nMr. Frank Starr\nSecretary\nOglala Sioux Executive Board\nBox 468\n50th ANNIVERSARY\n1926-1976\nPine Ridge, South Dakota 57770\nMr. Edwin Fills the Pipe\nCouncilman\nOglala Sioux Executive Board\n50th ANNIVERSARY\nBox 468\n1926-1976\nPine Ridge, South Dakota 57770\nMr. Vincent Brewer\nCouncilman\nOglala Sioux Executive Board\n50th ANNIVERSARY\nPine Ridge, South Dakota 57770\n1926-1976\nMr. Albert Trimble\nPresident\nOglala Sioux Tribe\nBox 468\n50th ANNIVERSARY\n1926-1976\nPine Ridge, South Dakota 57770\nWashington, D.C.\nMr. Jim Red Willow\nWamblee, South Dakota\n50th ANNIVERSARY\n1926-1976\nSpecial Delivery\nAMERICAN ARBITRATION ASSOCIATION\n1730 Rhode Island Ave. N.W.\nWashington, D.C. 20036\nChief Fools Crow\nKyle, South Dakota 57752\n50th ANNIVERSARY\n1926-1976\nSpecial Delivery\n1730 Rhode Island Ave. IV.VV.\nWashington, D.C. 20036\nMr. Matthew King\nBox #32\nKyle, South Dakota\n50th ANNIVERSARY\n1926-1976\nSpecial Delivery\nWashington, D.C. 20036\nMr. Louis Bad Wound\n712 Allen Street\nRapid City, South Dakota 57770\n50th ANNIVERSARY\n1926-1976\nSpecial Delivery\n1730 Rhode Island Ave. N.W.\nWashington, D.C. 20036\nMr. Frank Kills Enemy\nKyle, South Dakota\n50th ANNIVERSARY\n1926-1976\nSpecial Delivery\nwashington, U.C. 20036\nMr. Francis He Crow\nPine Ridge, South Dakota 57772\n50th ANNIVERSARY\n1926-1976\nSpecial Delivery\nIERICAN ARBITRATION ASSOCIATION\n1730 Rhode Island Ave. N.W.\nWashington, D.C. 20036\nMr. Eugene White Hawk\nManderson, South Dakota\n50th ANNIVERSARY\n1926-1976\nSpecial Delivery\nAMERICAN ARBITRATION ASSOCIATION\n1730 Rhode Island Ave. N.W.\nWashington, D.C. 20036\nMr. Birgil Kills Straight\nKyle, South Dakota\n50th ANNIVERSARY\n1926-1976\nSpecial Delivery\nmr. Patterson\nFederal Government Representatives\nWhite House\nDr. Theodore Marrs, Special Assistant to the President for\nHuman Resources\nBobbie Greene Kilberg, Associate Counsel\nBradley Patterson, Jr.\nJanet Brown, Assistant to the Deputy Director, Domestic Council\nH.P. Goldfield, Office of Counsel to the President\nDepartment of the Interior\nDennis Ickes, Special Assistant to the Under Secretary\nTheodore Krenzke, Director, Office of Indian Services, BIA\nLes Gay, Tribal Government Services, BIA\nScott Keep, Attorney, Office of the Solicitor\nGene Suarez, Chief, Division of Law Enforcement\nKen Sayers, Division of Law Enforcement, Aberdeen Area Office\nOffice of Management & Budget\nPaul O'Neill, Deputy Director\nDepartment of Justice\nDoris Meissner, Chairperson, DOJ Task Force on Indian Matters\nMiles Flint, Acting Chief, Indian Resources Section, Land &\nNatural Resources Division\nCraig Decker, Indian Claims Section, Land & Natural Resources\nDivision\nDale Wing, Indian Coordinator, Law Enforcement Assistance\nAdministration\nBenjamin Cook, Chief, Criminal Section, Investigative Division, FBI\nDepartment of Health, Education & Welfare\nJerry Bathke, Special Assistant to Director, Office of Native\nAmerican Programs\nNative American Representatives\nFrank Starr, Secretary, Ogiala Sioux Executive Board\nEdwin Fills the Pipe, Councilman, Oglala Sioux Executive Board\nVincent Brewer, Councilman, Oglala Sioux Executive Board\nAlbert Trimble, President, Oglala Sioux Tribe\nJim Red Willow\nChief Fools Crow\nMatthew King\nLouis Bad Wound\nFrank Kills Enemy\nFrancis He Crow\nEugene White Hawk\nBirgil Kills Straight\nLarry Red Shirt, Lakota Treaty Council\nAgenda for Wednesday, June 30, 1976\n9:00 a. m. - 12:00 noon\n(1) Law Enforcement Problems: Department of the Interior\nDepartment of Justice\n(2) Land Issues: Department of the Interior\nDepartment of Justice\n12:00 noon\nLunch\n1:30 p.m. - 4:30 p.m.\n(1) Economic & Education Issues: Department of the Interior\nOffice of Management & Budget\n(2) Treaty Issues: Department of the Interior\nDepartment of Justice\nOffice of Management & Budget\nROUTE TO HARPERS FERRY\n30\nMinory\no\nLoudon\nLion\n2\n(Beo-\nR\n22\n00\n94) (13nover\n38\nScortdale\nBes\nford\n16\nMicConnells\nGreen\nfort\nGettysburg\nLittlestown\n3\n2316\n136\n30\nSomerse\n36\nSars.\nRIDGE\nburg\ncastle\n24\nWaynesocro\nMan-\n32\nCorreisvile\nChesageake\n34\nBeron\n522\n22C\nMercersting\n140\nchester\n10\n13\n15\n14\nLIFE\n27(:\n23\n35\nBel\n2:5\n32\n30\nKEYSER\n27\nParty\n530\nPlaney(cw)\n301\nWest\nGrace\nGdass\nMeyersdale\n:5\nCagers\nLIMONE\nHunt\nSride\n11\nSalisbury\n97\nminster\nAderdeen\n113\nMiddletown\ntown\n25 24\nKingsville\nMincoders\nLiberty-\n12\n30\n212\n13\n40\n15\nCWSCN\nBenarton\n24\nB\n10\n134\nTOWA Reisterstown\n6\n13\na\nSmyma\nSumberland\nBarkeley\nEdgenced\nSors.\nFrederick\n25\nPaw\n9\n40\nChastertown\n11\n51\nPaw\n5\nBCC\n14\nFt. Ashay\n36\n52\nAn\n25\nCatonsville\nBALTIMORE\nDove\n25\n11\n270\n:9\nPaint\n313\n28\n301\n13\n3\nKeyser\nCapen\n522\nCharles\nGlen Burne\n113\nColumbiag\nCenterville\nGeldsbero\nVewcreek\nRamney\nBncge\nTown\nFarry\n23\nGaithers\n15\n123\nY377. Hrst\nRock-taure\n29\nburg\n10\nStates\n5\n8\n37\n50\n6\n9\nPark\nyou? Singer\n3\nville\nHarrington\n50\nPark\n12\n22\n50\n12\nJunction\n5\nSpring\n23\n14\n5\n14\nWinchester,\n7\n29\n15\nTH9\nGrasenvilla\n13\nDenton\n8\n23/20\nPark\nAnna-\nMaraceake\n110\n&\nWASHINGTON\n50\n259\nMiddle-\n13\na\n14\n2\nbalis\n16\n404\nAITNS.\n220\n10WA\n29\n12\n11\n55\nArlington\ntypes\n9\nSecords\n12\nThemas\n35\n18\n4\n50\n17\nMt. Zen\nEasten\n-\nPers\nFalls Church\nEld\n9\n18\n15.\nDive\nMccrafield\n17\n33\nme\nMicoreourg\n13\nManagers\nPreston\n25\n1533-\n14\nBaker\nMisitiers\n14\nNorth Beard\nFaderalsburg\nword\nMarshad\n13\n15\nairfax\n12\n22\nDurg\n4\n15\n313\n29\nPerersourg\n11\nFront Royal\nexandria\nfor\nChasaparake Seacio\nEasent\n259\n23\n13\nHoodstock\n6\nSpringfield\n+2\n-19\n522\n5\nJames\n343\nTO\n23\nBasye\n34C\nWarrenton\n29\n24\nDRIVE\n17\nGainesville\nWood\nMt! Vernon\n23\nPrince\n30\nSharp\n3\n2\nMe\n12 Manassas bridge\nIndian Head\n11\nFredenck Taylors 16\n30\nJackson\n12\n21\n58\n234\n8\n5\n23\nbridge Cam- Mardala\n3\n2\nIsland 15\nSprs.\n12\n42\n9\nLuray\n17:\nSparryvie\n17\nЭ\n225\nNew\n16\nPlata\nMechanicsume\nDumines\n24\n335\nTriangie\nSalisbury\n10\n11\n20\n229\n15\nMarket\n33 Alton\n28\n4\nALLECHENY\n336\n13\n39\n23\nFrankin\n13\nWingate\n12\n=\n7\n522\n12\nQuantico\n259\n1\nNewburg\nLeonard EStimons\n22\n3\n14\nHarrison-\n17\n5\nStatement\ntown\nOwns\n235\n&\n15\nLezington Park\n27\n231\n11(257\nburg\nShenandoah\n3\nRock Pt\n3\n363\n41\n,\n20\n206\n32\n220\nEmouth\nV3\nDaal Island\nElkton\nC\nMadison\nWestover\n23\n13\n13\n25\n23\n33\n13\n3\n205\nEnionsi Baach\n919\n15\nYarl\n12\n15\nFredericks\n9\nBirthpisch\n(113)15\n5\n42\nMt.\n33\n8\n19\n21\nOrange\nRoys\nHatTMom\n22\n27\nLockout\nCrisfield\nLicensey\nSidney\nЭ\nburg\n2\n3\n301112\nROUTE IS WELL MARKED\nHilltop House\n304-535-6321\nDirections from Metropolitan Washington, D. C.\nTake the Beltway to Route 270, north to Frederick, Md. Take U.S. 340\n( indicated by signs to Charles Town and Brunswick) off Route 270.\nFollow signs to turn off U.S. 340 into Harpers Ferry. Follow signs\ndirecting to Hilltop House. Harpers Ferry is approximately 60 miles\nfrom Washington.\nTrain to Harpers Ferry\nTrain 701 leaves Union Station in downtown Washington at 4:50 p.m. and\narrives at Harpers Ferry at 5:55 p.m. If you plan to take the train,\nplease notify our office and arrangements will be made to pick you up.\nFor return the train departs Harpers Ferry at 7:15 a.m. and arrives at\nUnion Station at 8:30 a.m.\n1730 RHODE ISLAND AVE., N.W., SUITE 509\nAMERICAN ARBITRATION ASSOCIATION\nWASHINGTON, D.C. 20036 (202) 296-8510\n50th ANNIVERSARY\n1926-1976\nTHOMAS R. COLOSI\nHilltop House\nVice President\nNational Affairs\nHarpers Ferry, West Virginia\n304-535-6321\nJune 29 - July 1, 1976\nAGENDA\nTUESDAY, June 29\n6:00 p.m.\nDINNER\n7:30 p.m.\nGENERAL SESSION\nBrief Introductory Remarks and\nDiscussion of Agenda\nSeparate meetings\nExpressions of Concerns, Plans\nand the Position of the Elected\nTribal Council Representatives\nQUESTIONS AND ANSWERS\nDISCUSSION\n9:30 p.m.\nADJOURN\nWEDNESDAY, June 30\n8:00 a.m.\nBREAKFAST\n9:00\nGENERAL SESSION\nAU: Pau:- how The\nExpressions of Concerns, Plans and\nthe Position of the Lakota Treaty\nCouncil Representatives\nQUESTIONS AND ANSWERS\nDISCUSSION\n12:00 noon\nLUNCH\nOffices: Boston\nCharlotte\nChicago\nCincinnati\nCleveland\nDallas\nDetroit\nN.J.\nNew York\nPhiladelphia\nPhoenix\nPittsburgh\nSan Diego\nSan\nSuraduse\nWash\nD.C.\nHEADQUARTERS: 140 West 51st Street, New York, N.Y. 10020\n- 2 -\nHilltop House\nHarpers Ferry, West Virginia\n304-535-6321\nJune 29 - July 1, 1976\nWEDNESDAY, cont'd.\n1:00 p.m.\nSEPARATE SESSIONS\n3:00 p.m.\nGENERAL SESSION\nResponses from Federal Government\nQUESTIONS AND ANSWERS\nDISCUSSION\n6:00 p.m.\nDINNER\n7:30 p.m.\nSEPARATE SESSIONS\nAmerican Arbitration Association\nRepresentatives Meeting with\nVarious Groups Separately in Order\nto Discuss the Implications of the\nParties' Respective Positions\nTHURSDAY, July 1\n8:00 a.m.\nBREAKFAST\n9:00 a.m.\nSEPARATE SESSIONS\nContinuation of Previous Evening's\nActivities\n11:00 a.m.\nJOINT SESSION\nSummary and Discussion of Future\nPlans\n12:00 noon\nLUNCH\n1:00 p.m.\nADJOURN\nLIBRARY\nHilltop House\nHarpers Ferry, West Virginia\n304-535-6321\nRevised Agenda\nTUESDAY, June 29\n6:00 p.m.\nDINNER\n7:30 p.m.\nAAA representatives will meet with\nvarious groups in order to discuss\nthe implications of the parties'\n3\nrespective positions.\nWEDNESDAY, June 30\n8:00 a.m.\nBREAKFAST\n9:00 a.m.\nGENERAL SESSION:\nLaw and Order\nLand Issues\nExpressions of concerns, plans and\nposition of the Lakota Treaty Council\nand the Elected Tribal Council.\nResponses from the Federal Government\nDISCUSSION\n12:00 noon\nLUNCH\n1:00 p.m.\nGENERAL SESSION\nEconomic Plans\nTreaty Questions\nExpressions of concerns, plans and\nposition of the Elected Tribal Council\nand the Lakota Treaty Council.\nResponses from the Federal Government\nDISCUSSION\n6:00 p.m.\nDINNER\nFORD & LIBRARY GERALD\n- 2 -\nHilltop House\nHarpers Ferry, West Virginia\n304-535-6321\n7:30 p.m.\nSEPARATE SESSIONS\nAAA representatives meeting with\nvarious groups separately in order\nto discuss the implications of the\nparties' respective positions.\nTHURSDAY, July 1\n8:00 a.m.\nBREAKFAST\n9:00 a.m.\nSEPARATE SESSIONS\nContinuation of previous evening's\nsessions.\n10:30 a.m.\nSUMMARY AND DISCUSSION OF FUTURE PLANS\n12:00 noon\nLUNCH\n1:00 p.m.\nADJOURN\nRD\nLIBRARY\nHARPERS FERRY\nJune 29 - July 1, 1976\nParticipants\nREPRESENTATIVES OF LAKOTA TREATY COUNCIL\nMr. Louid Bad Wound\n712 Allen Street\nRapid City, South Dakota 57770\nMr. Birgil Kills Straight\nKyle, South Dakota 57752\nMr. Larry Red Shirt\n629 Wilsey Street\nRapid City, South Dakota\nMr. Jim Red Willow\nPine Ridge, South Dakota\nMr. Eugene White Hawk\nManderson, South Dakota\nREPRESENTATIVES OF ELECTED TRIBAL COUNCIL\nMr. Vincent Brewer\nMr. Wayne Tapio\nCouncilman\nPine Ridge, South Dakota\nOglala Sioux Executive Board\nPine Ridge, South Dakota 57770\nMr. Marvin Ghost Bear\nPine Ridge, South Dakota\nMr. Edwin Fills the Pipe\nCouncilman\nOglala Sioux Executive Board\nBox 468\nPine Ridge, South Dakota 57770\nMr. Frank Starr\nSecretary\nOglala Sioux Executive Board\nBox 468\nPine Ridge, South Dakota 57770\nMr. Albert Trimble\nPresident\nOglala Sioux Tribe\nBox 468\nPine Ridge, South Dakota 57770\nFORD LIBRARY\n- 2 -\nHARPERS FERRY\nJune 29 - July 1, 1976\nParticipants\nREPRESENTATIVES OF FEDERAL GOVERNMENT\nMs. Janet Brown\nMr. Peter R. Taft\nAssistant to the Deputy Director\nAssistant Attorney General\nDomestic Council\nLand and Natural Resources\nRoom 235\nDivision\nOld Executive Office Building\nDepartment of Justice\nWashington, D. C. 20500\n10th and Constitution Avenue\nWashington, D. C. 20530\nMs. Bobbie Kilberg\nAssociate Counsel to the President\nMr. Morris Thompson\nOld Executive Office Building\nCommissioner\nRoom 106\nBureau of Indian Affairs\nWashington, D. C. 20500\n1951 Constitution Avenue, N.V\nWashington, D. C. 20245\nMr. Theodore Krenzke\nDirector\nMs. Mary Wagner\nOffice of Indian Services\nSpecial Assistant to the Dept\nBureau of Indian Affairs\nAttorney General\n1951 Constitution Avenue, N.W.\nDepartment of Justice\nWashington, D. C. 20245\n10th and Constitution Avenue\nWashington, D. C. 20530\nDr. Theodore Marrs\nSpecial Assistant to the President\nMr. Kenneth Sayers\nfor Human Resources\nAgency Special Officer\nThe White House\nBureau of Indian Affairs\nWashington, D. C. 20050\nAberdeen, South Dakota\nMs. Doris Meissner\nMr. Jerry Bathke\nChairperson, Task Force\nSpecial Assistant to the\non Indian Matters\nDirector\nDepartment of Justice\nOffice of Native American\n10th and Constitution Avenue, N.W.\nPrograms\nWashington, D. C. 20530\nDepartment of Health, Educat\nand Welfare\nMr. Paul H. O'Neill\nDeputy Director\nOffice of Management and Budget\nExecutive Office Building\nWashington, D. C. 20503\nMr. Brad Patterson\nThe White House\nWashington, D. C. 20050\n- 3 -\nHARPERS FERRY\nJune 29 - July 1, 1976\nParticipants\nREPRESENTATIVES OF AMERICAN ARBITRATION ASSOCIATION\nMr. Scott Buchheit\n316 Linn Street\nIthaca, New York 14850\nMajor Robert Charland\n52 Park Terrace\nSherrill, New York 13461\nMr. Thomas R. Colosi\nVice President\nNational Affairs\nAmerican Arbitration Association\n1730 Rhode Island Avenue, N.W.\nSuite 509\nWashington, D. C. 20036\nMs. Linda Flick\nAdministrative Assistant\nAmerican Arbitration Association\n1730 Rhode Island Avenue, N.W.\nSuite 509\nWashington, D. C. 20036\nMr. Howard Rowley\nManager, Urban Affairs\nRochester Gas & Electric\nCorporation\n89 East Avenue\nRochester, New York 14649\nMs. Randy Schneider\nIntern\nAmerican Arbitration Association\n1730 Rhode Island Avenue, N.W.\nSuite 509\nWashington, D. C., 20036\nMr. Joseph Stulberg\nDirector\nCommunity Dispute Service\nAmerican Arbitration Association\n140 West 51st Street\nNew York, New York 10020\n- 4 -\nHARPERS FERRY\nJune 29 - July 1, 1976\nParticipants\nINVITED RESOURCES\nBill Lazoré\nOren Lyons\nAndy Paul\nTruety Commal\nhumal describents or relatues of\nthe tradetional chifs j Headwin who\nsigned the 1868 Teats, Foundy\nthe Black Hitls Trusty Counil\nLabota Treate, Cover't - 1000s of\nyear old - stell intact charging\nto a way of life, relegion, cultur,\nland bars, reational voserienty 5-\nof the lobata reation.\nWe are vat Allls - we are the tradeleousl\ngout hady UO are a soverlign people,\nLaw Enforcement\nTrimble\nJustice. Relations w DoJ \"muacceptable\"\nDoJ wants Intial Council To \"atore for Wounded\nKnee\" Wants to take our, Lowr Order\nWe career w Trunble or this you't\nWe are trying to couniliate our defferences w the\neluted Gunal - our argument is with claim\nFud Coul-\nFBI pravoia -- wonts to harren -r hall\nour people\n\"Nature annuion Saledority Connuttee\"-\n\" coritelpro\" still in effect. \"Operation Biten\"-\nto Squarle terroust activity. \"neteusive marstigations\nare another name for comitelpro.\n2000 dog-solities\" story - guerilla worfare traing\nalleard; source cursure, this titetype is a that list\nfor AIM.\" 9 \"tagets of terrousin\" alleged.\nStall Cap - Pune\nFI Roudall Dam\nass. for of SD\nSurpring Et town as S.D.\nMr Rushmos\nHarran Fame of Was\nScous Fells\nLIERARY BENALD ?) road\nB/A Brilding Buildings\n6/15/76 Teletype\nRy dimonstration - Seat to CAs arong\n6/18/76 T= Oglala ategnes committee identified\nas a throus group + ulled \"daregerous\"\nwk was \" aggression by the military\nKangle re Truible proporal to local coubol:\nBIA indorses this\nGoglola originally coutracted e BIA to\ntake over how El function r them 0 few you\nago asked Big to take of back. they did\nTaska Four looking with this now; the\npeoblems may have been - 25.- fuaural\nabour for haw. inforcement.\nContral unwol is endorsed & we\nwant will tu sof down u tribe to arrange &\nIn the meantines, we woul a Lau of\nprogram which reflects the wishes of the consumity.\nSuarez\nWe were churp steappiel for money\nHad 150,000 -200,000 put give. Now CMB2\nbe are of x $900,000 per year - the Legining of a\nprofermoual program -BiAa technical Source to\nthe tube, Indian Palie academy traumes. We have\nORD\nlamay movey clu.\nLIBRARY\nTenalte a noverbrual community does\nand of this Size does not and\n60 following\na) We would 6-7 poluerium transfured No action\nget\nbl the Jobin curreat investagentors should 6\noffe to take laser to courts - raths ther the\nFBI do of these all BIA employees\nVenzhe all (a) -- all are working on of Cope of au be\ndow valuntarily. 2, persibly 3 may Sr themselves.\nOtherwise i advise action; but forwer rubs\nopply.\nSugers 60 = 34 unformed policies 8 CIDs\n2 will 50y. our are have too much\nthe cerð foil if offert staff. are paliceman\ncommunity control Do S true - our CIDS\ndo usb fall w US attoney joint TO\nIRI I lou do this job as well as some of\nthe aguits People who bire there con doo bill\njob\nWe are talking w the 34 other foliciance we\nused work a our provided offer TO show\nlausult them that this would read red of in a\nBadll Psycllo testury for policement?\nSumez Policern are badley andepaid - wakes\nmy differult\nRed Shut you roles 8 regs bat as important\nas people getting patted\nAT- - Devirportenste # of ansters we fulblouds.\nKS= We an records his 2 areaius\nCook We want Indian FBI agusts We have\nsome 2 would more\nBad W: Pat a Neugstrate all the Re.\nDM, would liho to do this - but\nfirst then rest bea coult facility\nthat is Q prequisite\nVeryor CSOs for Pine Ridge\nKr. - We are willing to sit dava w AT\n2 TE any trues - to tells\nTrabal contracting self Did act has Some grout\nmoney of help. trebs 90 ready,\nHT: Re (SOs - - you can have too money\nfature --svouping everywhere.\nRS How about & liavon offers wal,\nwhom TBI Cau check rumon\nbefore suding out teletypes\nCook: Will chulk unto this\nBOK-BITO- - Saund like a good caia\nhand\nAt, Way & to claegines the 35-40 f\nland on Reservation 1,066,000\naccess ( - to be pud back nets\ntrebal or Industrial Indian wriship\n19th Centery \"Dimushure A\" Louis\nState of SD soep there Caus\nded\nSC Cont Said that there\nlown did dimush the hake Travens\nResulation. ala Rosebud\nBad Wound - 14 hand Issue\nSupport AT this efforts ab\nreacquisition -to continue as 9 will entity.\nComplaints about fed good\na) 8/9/1888 act - bad mused\nMarriage loud recent to trebe of\nIndian wowar suarree a non - India, &dies.\nb) Classification of Fedeaus as \"inconpation\"\nc) Opening ap Redian laud in contrasmon\n8 usity new was changed\nof 1868 - Conger did\nats catified -\nTrimble 5 trying to work within his\nSystem -trepues to de his but Bub we\ndout believe in that system - A was\nunposed on Indian -r you have vot\nis tenquished our somerighty\n1868 Treaty Can be changed only\nby war or by negatiation\n(not\ncounectation.) you US boat has\ndone neither.\nacts of longers stealing any lands\nare illegal.\nWe ao not 05 ategues - we up\nhakata restirnals\n(accepted by Justine)\n/RA was with by only a minuty\nhabate restron has only one\nbeauch of gout - your has 3. \"Iam in A\nonly as a stop goy preasure - -bub 10 se A\nchange.\"\nL6' If Congress day not act oy\nthe of ctr Tasty\nCommunion\" , thus. what?\nLBW: We will vat ceverl are Strategy\nBOK: Other nections\nLBW: Tlouf at Nebudge agaid me\nwould concentrate on Twenty of 1868\nand of eluted trebal councils pictured\nthey would have & at or the goul\nside only.\nLIN\nAAA\nUSG\nTrumble Commust\nAbout\nWanted to restore Constitutional foot\nCaly Constitutions we have 5 as\n/RA Carest - - whils LIM offsen.\n2 hool talked w LIN people - ary\nof wout avairby.\nSee IRA Combtabor provide for\nchange. LIN people are more right than\nwrong\".\nExecution Pauses to make\nimprovedent -\nexamples!\na) firing transferring policement those\n1C would vat write a alle\ntusly\nUS rute would wake recommendation\nto lougen bat its members have taken are\noacts to support the 05 constitution\nElected officerls would be\nwrite the 05 gout or could\nNext step E a letter from\n\" hoose to work with us\"\nthe GRF adminition\nEc. Dec\n2tc supports economy\namelopant person\nBKS', Hearthy Treaus exploid problem laudlock\n111\nWelfaw reforces\nOF THE\nUnited States Department of the Interior\nBUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS\nWASHINGTON, D.C. 20245\nMarch\n3,\n1849\nIN REPLY REFER TO:\nOffice of Indian\nServices-400\nBCCO #4747\nJUL 1 1976\nMemorandum\nTo:\nDr. Ted Marrs\nSpecial Assistant to the President\nFrom:\nCommissioner of Indian Affairs\nSubject:\nPresident A1 Trimble's Request for Certain\nLaw Enforcement Actions\nSecretary Kleppe has requested us to respond to your request for a\ncopy of our response to the above request of Al Trimble.\nTo date, we have not given Mr. Trimble a definitive response to\nhis request. Essentially it is asking that we administratively transfer\nabout six police officers from the Reservation. This presents us with\na number of very complicated issues which we are trying to resolve\nas soon as possible.\nWe shall furnish you a copy of our response when it is made.\nMorris Thompson\nHAERICAN REVOLUTION WICENTENNAL\n1776-1976\n®\nis\n1 H36\nR\nRE147 05/26/76\nUNITED *\nSERVICE\nwastem union\nCS LPMBNGZ CSP\n6098575821 HGM TDBN PINE RIDGE SD 195 05-26 11424 ES1\nOCTOR MARRS\nHITE HOUSE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE\nASHINGTON DC 20510\n4747\nOMMISSIONER MORRIS THOMPSON\nOUR MEETING WITH YOU AND SECRETARY KLEPPE THE IMPRESSION WAS\nECEIVED THAT THE BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS WOULD ACT DIRECTLY\nDMYNISTRATIVELY TO RESOLVE CERTAIN PROBLEMS TOWARD RESTORING PEACE AND\nORMALCY ON THE PINE RIDGE RESERVATION. PRIMARY AMONG THE ARE4S OF\nCONCERN WAS THE ADMINISTRATIVE REASSIGNMENT OF CERTAIN POLICE OFFICERS\nINC SUPERVISORS. DESPITE IMPROVEMENT IN THE POLITICAL CLIMATE AT PINE\nIDGE, THE POLICE SITUATION APPEAR TO BE STALEMATED WITH LITTLE ATTEKPT\nTHE BUREAU TO IMPROVE THE SITUATION. WE FEEL OUR ASSESSMENT IS\nORPORDRATED AY PROFESSIONAL VIEWERS OF THE SITUATION. PUBLIC ACCOUNTS\nF POLICE INEFFECTIVENESS ARE AGAIN REGINNING TO APPEAR IN PUBLIC\nCONDUITS. WE DU 501 FEEL THAT OUR NEW ADKINISTRATION SHOULD BE HAMPERED\nTHIS 488001ATION BY INNUENDO. WE SINCERELY REQUEST YOU ACT TO\nLLEVIATE THE KNOWN PROBLEMS SITUATION ON THE PINF RIDGE RESERVATION,\nARRON COPIES TO SENATOR JAMES ABOUREZK, CONGRESSMAL JAMES ABNOR,\nSENATOR GEORGE MCGOVERN, DOCTOR MARKS, WHITE HOUSE DEPARTMENT OF\nJUSTICE, AND THE NATIONAL CONGRESS OF AMERICAN INDIANS\nSUBERT is TRIMBLE\nPRESIDENT\nDGLALA STOUX TRIBE\n1:05 EST\n1GMWSHT HSB"
}