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1555877
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Zambia - President Kenneth Kaunda
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1555877
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document
title
Zambia - President Kenneth Kaunda
collections
Presidential Correspondence with Foreign Leaders (Ford Administration)
Presidential Correspondence with Foreign Leaders
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Angola
Africa
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1555877
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1976-02-29
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2
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1976
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1975-09-01
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9
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1975
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The original documents are located in Box 5, folder "Zambia - President Kenneth Kaunda" of the National Security Adviser's Presidential Correspondence with Foreign Leaders Collection at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Copyright Notice The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Gerald Ford donated to the United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Digitized 5 of or the NSA Presidential Correspondence with Foreign Leaders Collection at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library STATE H 3 Department of State AMERICA NAME TELEGRAM STATES of SECRET 7946 PAGE 01 STATE 030929 73 ORIGIN SS-25 INFO OCT-01 ISC-00 SSO-00 /026 R DRAFTED BY AF/E:HHJANIN:SEH APPROVED BY AF:WESCHAUFELE, JR. AF/E:WBCOOTE S/S -JPMOFFAT NSC: MR. HORAN 107311 R 0717252 FEB 76 FM SECSTATE WASHDC TO AMEMBASSY LUSAKA SECRET STATE 030929 EXDIS E.O. 11652:XGDS-1 TAGS: PFOR, ZA, us SUBJECT:LETTER FROM PRESIDENT KAUNDA TO PRESIDENT FORD 1) FYI- ON FEB. 5, MARK CHONA DELIVERED FOLLOWING LETTER TO SECRETARY FOR TRANSMISSION TO PRESIDENT FORD: "DEAR MR. PRESIDENT, state deview 9/17/03 I WAS VERY HAPPY RECENTLY TO RECEIVE YOUR MESSAGE REGARDING THE SITUATION IN ANGOLA. I WAS MOST HEARTENED AND ENCOURAGED BY THE MANNER IN WHICH YOU REAFFIRMED YOUR COMMITMENT AND THAT OF YOUR COUNTRY TO HELP END THE WAR IN ANGOLA. SINCE THEN I HAVE FOLLOWED THE DEVELOPMENTS WHICH HAVE GROWN IN GRAVITY. THE DAU DIPLOMATIC EFFORTS AT THE RECENT ADDIS ABABA EXTRAORDINARY SUMMIT FAILED. THE WAR CONTINUES, SOVIET INTERVENTION ALSO CONTINUES TO GROW DECLASSIPIED E.O. 12958, Sec. 3.5 State Dept. Guidelines NARA, Date 5/10/04 WITH AN ALARMING NUMBER OF CUBAN REGULAR FORCES. I PERFECTLY UNDERSTAND THE PROBLEMS OF THE AMERICAN FORD LIBRARY & By SECRET NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY FORM DS-1652 0.66 or of STATE AMERICA UNITED Department of State TELEGRAM SECRET PAGE 02 STATE 230929 ADMINISTRATION IN GIVING TIMELY AND EFFECTIVE RESPONSE TO SOVIET MASSIVE INTERVENTION. WHILE ADMIRING YOUR PRESENT EFFORTS AND THOSE OF YOUR SECRETARY OF STATE, DR. KISSINGER, I AM NECESSARILY DISMAYED BY THE INADEQUENCY OF THE WESTERN RESPONSE POLITICALLY, PSYCHOLOGICALLY AND LET ALONE MATERIALLY. WE IN ZAMBIA WILL NOT COMPROMISE OUR PRINCIPLES FOR FEAR OF SOVIET POWER. WE, THEREFORE, ARE RESOLVED TO MAINTAIN OUR STAND. I AM SENDING MY SPECIAL ASSISTANT FOR POLITICAL AFFAIRS, MARK CHONA, TO EXCHANGE VIEWS WITH THE SECRETARY OF STATE ON THE WHOLE SITUATION IN SOUTHERN AFRICA. AMERICAN ACTION IS ALSO NECESSARY NOW IN RHODESIA AND NAMIBIA BEFORE THERE IS A REPETITION OF WHAT IS HAPPENING IN ANGOLA. THE THREAT IS REAL. WE HAVE TO TAKE APPROPRIATE MEASURES NOW. MAY I TAKE THE OPPORTUNITY OF SENDING YOU MY WARMEST GREETINGS AND BEST HISHES. WITH GOD'S BLESSINGS. YOURS SINCERELY, KENNETH KAUNDA, PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF ZAMBIA" SISCO & FORD GERALD 42019 SECRET NOI TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY FORM DS-1652 9-66 339 SECRET *******5 COPY ROUTINE DE RUEHC #0929 0381939 R 0717252 FEB 76 FM SECSTATE WASHDC TO AMEMBASSY LUSAKA 8624 BECRET STATE 030929 EXDIS E.O. 11652:XGD8-1 TAGS: PFOR, ZA, us SUBJECT:LETTER FROM PRESIDENT KAUNDA TO PRESIDENT FORD 1) FYI- ON FEB, 5, MARK CHONA DELIVERED FOLLOWING LETTER TO SECRETARY FOR TRANSMISSION TO PRESIDENT FORD: "DEAR MR. PRESIDENT, I WAS VERY HAPPY RECENTLY TO RECEIVE YOUR MESSAGE REGARDING THE SITUATION IN ANGOLA. I WAS MOST HEARTENED AND ENCOURAGED BY THE MANNER IN WHICH YOU REAFFIRMED YOUR COMMITMENT AND THAT OF YOUR COUNTRY TO HELP END THE WAR IN ANGOLA. SINCE THEN I HAVE FOLLOWED THE DEVELOPMENTS WHICH HAVE GROWN IN GRAVITY, THE OAU DIPLOMATIC EFFORTS AT THE RECENT ADDIS ABABA EXTRAORDINARY SUMMIT FAILED, THE WAR CONTINUES, SOVIET INTERVENTION ALSO CONTINUES TO GROW WITH AN ALARMING NUMBER OF CUBAN REGULAR FORCES, I PERFECTLY UNDERSTAND THE PROBLEMS OF THE AMERICAN ADMINISTRATION IN GIVING TIMELY AND EFFECTIVE RESPONSE TO SOVIET MASSIVE INTERVENTION, WHILE ADMIRING YOUR PRESENT EFFORTS AND THOSE OF YOUR SECRETARY OF STATE, DR, KISSINGER, I AM NECESSARILY DISMAYED BY THE INADEQUENCY OF THE WESTERN RESPONSE POLITICALLY, PSYCHOLOGICALLY AND LET ALONE MATERIALLY, WE IN ZAMBIA WILL NOT COMPROMISE OUR PRINCIPLES FOR FEAR OF SOVIET POWER. WE, THEREFORE, ARE RESOLVED TO MAINTAIN OUR STAND, *WHSR COMMENT SCOWCROFT, HYLAND, MCARLANE, RODMAN PSN1047027 PAGE 01 TOR1039/06106Z DTG:071725Z FEB 76 SECRET *******S COPY FORD DECLASSIPIED B.O. 12958, Sec. 3.5 state 9/17/03 & LIBRARY 03RA70 State Dept. Guidelines By Mr , NARA, Date 3/10/04 ******* CECRET *******S COPY I AM SENDING MY SPECIAL ASSISTANT FOR POLITICAL AFFAIRS, MARK CHONA, TO EXCHANGE VIEWS WITH THE SECRETARY OF STATE ON THE WHOLE SITUATION IN SOUTHERN AFRICA, AMERICAN ACTION IS ALSO NECESSARY NOW IN RHODESIA AND NAMIBIA BEFORE THERE IS A REPETITION OF WHAT IS HAPPENING IN ANGOLA. THE THREAT IS REAL, WE HAVE TO TAKE APPROPRIATE MEASURES NOW. MAY I TAKE THE OPPORTUNITY OF SENDING YOU MY WARMEST GREETINGS AND BEST WISHES, WITH GOD'S BLESSINGS. YOURS SINCERELY, KENNETH KAUNDA, PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF ZAMBIA" SISCO BT FORD & GERALD LIBRARY PSN8847027 PAGE 02 OF 02 TOR:039/06:06Z DTG:071725Z FEB 76 SECRET COPY la NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION Presidential Libraries Withdrawal Sheet WITHDRAWAL ID 017613 REASON FOR WITHDRAWAL National security restriction TYPE OF MATERIAL Memorandum CREATOR'S NAME Hal Horan RECEIVER'S NAME Secretary Kissinger TITLE Message to President Ford from President Kenneth Kaunda of Zambia CREATION DATE 09/08/1975 VOLUME 2 pages COLLECTION/SERIES/FOLDER ID 035100094 COLLECTION TITLE NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISER. PRESIDENTIAL CORRESPONDENCE WITH FOREIGN LEADERS BOX NUMBER 4 FOLDER TITLE Zambia - President Kenneth Kaunda DATE WITHDRAWN 03/12/2004 WITHDRAWING ARCHIVIST GG Saintized 4/12/05 Approved For Release 2005/04/12 : NLF-PC_F_L-5-2-1-1 la 6035X MEMORANDUM NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL SECRET (XGDS-2) ACTION September 8, 1975 MEMORANDUM FOR: SECRETARY KISSINGER OK FROM: HAL HORAN SUBJECT: Message to President Ford from H. President Kenneth Kaunda of Zambia On September 4 the message at Tab B from President Kaunda to President Ford was given to Mark 25X1 Chona, Kaunda's Special Assistant, 25X1 :1 Kaunda's letter, which seeks USG pressure on Rhodesia, South Africa, and the UK, in an effort to get the Rhodesian negotiations resumed, reflects the fact that the situation regarding these nego- tiations is not good. As you know, Kaunda has expressed the same concerns and anxieties to Ambassador Wilkowski (Tab C). A central problem, in addition to Smith's natural inclination to resist change, is that there are increasingly severe divisions within ANC ranks that impede Kaunda's and others' efforts at resumed negotiations. I under- stand that in light of Ambassador Wilkowski's reporting you have asked the Department for recommendations by the close of business September on whether we might approach South Africa's Minister Vorster on the matter. send a prompt presidential acknowledgment of President Kaunda's message that reiterates support of his efforts such as you gave to his Foreign Minister in New York September 5 and that indicates we are studying the matter carefully to determine ways in which we might be helpful. DECLASSIPPED, 8 794 In view of your instructions to State and the close cooperation between the Zambian and U.S. Governments on Angola, I recommend that we NLF, DATE 12/10/07 SECRET (XGDS-2) Presidential Library Review of DOS and NSC Equities is Required Approved For Release 2005/04/12 : NLF-PC_F_L-5-2-1-1 AUTHORITY BY Approved For Release 2005/04/12 : NLF-PC_F_L-5-2-1-1 SECRET (XGDS-2) -2- In his message to President Ford, Kaunda indicates that if his peaceful efforts do not succeed he has an "inescapable" duty to support the liberation movement in an armed struggle. The response I have suggested tries to avoid any implication we would condone violence in the area. (1 I do not believe a signed original is necessary. I have discussed the suggested response with Ed Mulcahy. RECOMMENDATION: That you approve the message at Tab A from President Ford to President Kaunda 25X1 SECRET (XGDS-2) FORD & OR HAVE 30 Approved For Release 2005/04/12 : NLF-PC_F_L-5-2-1-1 lb NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION Presidential Libraries Withdrawal Sheet WITHDRAWAL ID 017614 REASON FOR WITHDRAWAL National security restriction TYPE OF MATERIAL Message CREATOR'S NAME President Ford RECEIVER'S NAME President Kaunda DESCRIPTION Re Rhodesia CREATION DATE 09/08/1975 VOLUME 1 page COLLECTION/SERIES/FOLDER ID 035100094 COLLECTION TITLE NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISER. PRESIDENTIAL CORRESPONDENCE WITH FOREIGN LEADERS BOX NUMBER 4 FOLDER TITLE Zambia - President Kenneth Kaunda DATE WITHDRAWN 03/12/2004 WITHDRAWING ARCHIVIST GG Sanitizal 4/12/05 Approved For Release 2005/04/12 NLF-PC_F_L-5-2-2-U URGEN SECRET (XGDS 2) Please pass the following to President Kaunda from President Ford: QUOTE: Dear Mr. President: I greatly appreciate your message of September 3 and your assessment of the situation in Rhodesia. I share your concerns regarding the lack of progress in the negotiations and the grave consequences that will result if the Rhodesian question is not settled peacefully. As you know, Secretary Kissinger met with Foreign Minister Banda in New York on September 5 and expressed our strong support for your efforts to achieve a peaceful solution in Rhodesia. Since then I have discussed your message with Secretary Kissinger and we are currently studying how we might be helpful. Once again may I express my gratitude to you for your recent letter and my respect for the leadership role you have DECLASSIFIED, withportions exempt DATE 12/10/0 nse been playing. We strongly support a peaceful settlement in With warm personal regards, Yours sincerely, Gerald R. Ford AUTHORITY RACH/12/05; NLF, Rhodesia and wish to contribute to this end where possible. His Excellency BY Kenneth David Kaunda President of Zambia UNQUOTE SECRET (XGDS 2) Presidential Library Review of DOS and NSC Equities is Required Approved For Release 2005/04/12 NLF-PC_F_L-5-2-2-0 IC NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION Presidential Libraries Withdrawal Sheet WITHDRAWAL ID 017615 REASON FOR WITHDRAWAL National security restriction TYPE OF MATERIAL Memorandum TITLE Message from President Kenneth Kaunda of Zambia DESCRIPTION Cover memorandum CREATION DATE 09/04/1975 VOLUME 1 page COLLECTION/SERIES/FOLDER ID 035100094 COLLECTION TITLE NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISER. PRESIDENTIAL CORRESPONDENCE WITH FOREIGN LEADERS BOX NUMBER 4 FOLDER TITLE Zambia - President Kenneth Kaunda DATE WITHDRAWN 03/12/2004 WITHDRAWING ARCHIVIST GG Exemptal 4/12/05 NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION Presidential Libraries Withdrawal Sheet WITHDRAWAL ID 017616 REASON FOR WITHDRAWAL National security restriction TYPE OF MATERIAL Message CREATOR'S NAME President Kenneth Kaunda RECEIVER'S NAME President Ford DESCRIPTION Re Rhodesia CREATION DATE 09/03/1975 VOLUME 4 pages COLLECTION/SERIES/FOLDER ID 035100094 COLLECTION TITLE NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISER. PRESIDENTIAL CORRESPONDENCE WITH FOREIGN LEADERS BOX NUMBER 4 FOLDER TITLE Zambia - President Kenneth Kaunda DATE WITHDRAWN 03/12/2004 WITHDRAWING ARCHIVIST GG COPY OP IMMED ESA143TAB472 DE RUTAOH #1685/1 2471335 0 041300Z SEP 75 FM AMEMBASSY LUSAKA TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 2086 INFO AMEMBASSY LONDON IMMEDIATE 2078 AMEMBASSY PRETORIA IMMEDIATE 1998 AMEMBASSY DAR ES SALAAM 1903 AMEMBASSY GABORONE 870 N SECTION 1 OF 2 LUSAKA 1685 EXDIS PASS WHITE HOUSE EO 11652: GDS TAGS: PFOR ZA RH PINS SUBJECT: RHODESIA: KAUNDA SEEKS USG SUPPORT FOR RESUMPTION OF NEGOTIATIONS 1. PRESIDENT KAUNDA SUMMONED ME TO STATE HOUSE SEPT 4 AT 10:30 A.M. FOR HALF-HOUR DISCUSSION IN WHICH HE EXPRESSED "ANXIETY" OVER DIVISIONS WITHIN ANC RANKS AND PROBLEM THIS CREATES FOR RESUMPTION OF NEGOTIATIONS FOR CONSTITUTIONAL SETTLEMENT. KAUNDA REQUESTED I CONVEY HIS CONCERNS TO PRESIDENT FORD AND ASKED THAT USG COMMUNICATE WITH SAG PM VORSTER AND RHODESIAN PM SMITH, URGING THEM TO TAKE INITIATIVE TO RESUME TALKS AT VICTORIA FALLS SO AS TO OVERCOME OBSTACLE OF IMMUNITY ISSUE WHICH HAS PREVENTED TWO ANC LEADERS (SITHOLE AND CHIKEREMA) FROM RETURNING TO RHODESIA FOR RESUMPTION OF NEGOTIATIONS THERE. KAUNDA RECOGNIZED THAT SMITH HAS INSURMOUNTABLE DOMESTIC PROBLEM IN GUARANTEEING IMMUNITY. 2. KAUNDA SPOKE OF "CERTAIN MEMBERS IN ANC" WHO ARE CREATING DIVISIONS WITHIN RANKS OF RHODESIAN NATIONALISTS "FOR REASONS WHICH ARE NOT RPT NOT HONORABLE". THEY SEEM GENUINELY TO PREFER ARMED STRUGGLE TO NEGOTIATED SETTLEMENT. KAUNDA THEN RECALLED THAT IT WAS THIS FACTION OF THE ANC WHICH HAD "KILLED ITS OWN PEOPLE". FORD HE REFERRED TO MURDER OF EX-ZANU LEADER HERBERT DECLASSIPIED B.O. 12958, Sec. 3.5 GERALD By We State Dept. Guidelines state Review 9/17/03 , NARA, Date 3/10/04 PSN: 053682 PAGE 01 TOR: 247/14:04Z DTG:041300Z SEP 75 B COPY COPY CHITEPO. 3. I ASKED KAUNDA HOW ONE COULD HOPE FOR PROGRESS ON A NEGOTIATED SETTLEMENT SO LONG AS THERE WAS SERIOUS LEADERSHIP PROBLEM WITHIN ANC. ASSUMING SMITH WAS WILLING TO AGREE TO A RESUMPTION OF NEGOTIATIONS UNDER PRESENT CIRCUMSTANCES, WHO WOULD SPEAK FOR THE ANC? KAUNDA THOUGHT THERE WOULD BE NO QUESTION ABOUT BISHOP MUZOREWA CONTINUING AS ANC PRESIDENT AND SPOKESMAN IF SMITH AGREED TO RETURN TO VICTORIA FALLS. THE IMPORTANT THING WAS TO RESUME TALKS. 5. I ASKED IF THE ZAMBIANS HAD UNDERTAKEN TO PASS THIS MESSAGE TO SMITH. KAUNDA SAID THIS HAD BEEN DONE THROUGH THE SOUTH AFRICANS BUT AS YET THERE WAS NO REPLY. 6. I VENTURED TO SAY THAT WHILE ONE HAD LITTLE SYMPATHY IN GENERAL WITH SMITH'S ATTITUDE AND ACTIONS, ONE COULD NOT HELP BUT UNDERSTAND HIS CURRENT MISGIVINGS AND HESITANCY IN FACING A DIVIDED AND APPARENTLY LEADERLESS ANC. KAUNDA WAS PAINED WITH THIS COMMENT, ADMITTED ITS TRUTH, BUT SAID ALL THE MORE REASON WHY IMPASSE HAD TO BE BROKEN AND TALKS RESUMED. HE HOPED TO USG COULD UNDERSTAND AND USE ITS VOICE TO HELP. HE THOUGHT WE MUST HAVE WAYS OF GETTING MESSAGES DIRECTLY TO SMITH. I ASSURED THE PRESIDENT I WOULD REPORT HIS APPEAL IMMEDIATELY TO WASHINGTON. 7. KAUNDA VOLUNTEERED THAT SINCE THE SPLIT WITHIN THE ANC HAD BROKEN IN THE PRESS, ZAMBIANS HAD MADE NO EFFORT TO CONTACT THE ANC LEADERSHIP IN LUSAKA TO COUNSEL THEM TO CLOSE RANKS AND GET ON WITH NEGOTIATIONS. HE SAID ZAMBIA IS FOR BIDING ITS TIME. 8. IN A DISCUSSION ON THE ANC LEADERSHIP QUESTION, PRESIDENT KAUNDA AGREED THAT A SHOWDOWN WOULD HAVE TO COME SOONER OR LATER, BUT HE HOPED IT WOULD BE LATER THROUGH DEMOCRATIC MEANS AT AN ANC CONGRESS AND AFTER A SETTLEMENT WAS REACHED. 9. I ASKED IF KAUNDA THOUGHT SMITH WAS REALLY SINCERE ABOUT NEGOTIATING INASMUCH AS HIS PUBLIC STATEMENTS FOLLOWING THE BREAKOFF IN TALKS AT VICTORIA FALLS HAD BEEN SO OPENLY NEGATIVE ON MAJORITY RULE. KAUNDA THOUGHT THIS WAS A PUBLIC STANCE SMITH HAD TO TAKE, BUT IN HIS "HEART OF HEARTS" SMITH IS COMMITTED TO MAJORITY RULE AND HAS SAID SO IN THESE TERMS AT A VERY RESTRICTED RHODESIAN FRONT CAUCUS MEETING PRECEDING VICTORIA FALLS. PSN: 053682 PAGE 02 TOR: 247/14:04Z DTG:041300Z SEP 75 D E COPY D COPY 10. I THEN ASKED IF KAUNDA THOUGHT THE BRITISH HAD A ROLE TO PLAY. HE REPLIED AFFIRMATIVELY, SAYING HE COULD NOT QUITE UNDERSTAND WHY BRITISH CHOSE TO "LOOK OVER THE SHOULDERS" OF BOTH VORSTER AND SMITH. KAUNDA DID NOT RPT NOT GO INTO THE REQUEST WE KNOW FROM CHONA THE ZAMBIANS HAVE LEVIED ON THE BRITISH TO PREPARE A NEGOTIATING FRAMEWORK. RATHER, HE LIMITED HIMSELF TO SAYING HE HOPED LATER IN THE DAY TO SPEAK WITH UK HICOM MILES, "AS THE BRITISH FEEL WE HAVE BEEN NEGLECTING THEM IN LUSAKA, WHICH ISN'T REALLY TRUE, AS CHONA HAS BEEN SEEING THEM. " BT PSN: 053682 PAGE 03 OF 03 TOR: 247/14:04Z DTG:041300Z SEP 75 F D N E COPY COPY OP IMMED ESA158TAA232 DE RUTAOH #1685/2 2471345 0 041300Z SEP 75 FM AMEMBASSY LUSAKA TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 2087 INFO AMEMBASSY LONDON IMMEDIATE 2079 AMEMBASSY PRETORIA IMMEDIATE 1999 AMEMBASSY DAR ES SALAAM 1904 AMEMBASSY GABORONE 871 CONF D SECTION 2 OF 2 LUSAKA 1685 EXDIS PASS WHITE HOUSE 11. CHONA WAS CONSPICUOUSLY ABSENT FROM MY MEETING, HIS PLACE AS RAPPORTEUR TAKEN BY HIS DEPUTY, AMBASSADOR PETER KASANDA. IN ESCORTING ME OUT, KASANDA WONDERED ALOUD WHY IT WAS THAT THE SITHOLE WING OF THE ANC WOULD PREFER ARMED STRUGGLE AS A MEANS OF CLAIMING LEADERSHIP. HE IMPLIED THE SUSPICION WAS STRONG THIS EX-ZANU FACTION MIGHT BE UNDER FOREIGN INFLUENCE, ALTHOUGH HE WENT NO FURTHER IN DEVELOPING THIS THEME. HE SAID WAR AN IMMINENT POSSIBILITY WHICH ZAMBIAN AND OTHER AFRICANS WOULD PREFER TO AVOID. 12. COMMENT. AM CONVINCED THAT SOUTH AFRICANS IN FIRST INSTANCE, AND PROBABLY BRITISH IN SECOND ARE IN BEST POSSIBLE POSITION TO GET SMITH BACK TO THE NEGOTIATING TABLE ALTHOUGH AS I INDICATED TO KAUNDA, IT WILL NOT BE EASY WITH ANC SPLIT. WE SHOULD EXAMINE CAREFULLY WHAT WE CAN DO, WHICH I HOPE WOULD BE SOMETHING RATHER THAN NOTHING. SUGGESTED ACTION MIGHT BE TOUCHING BASE WITH THE SOUTH AFRICANS AND BRITISH FOR THEIR CURRENT ASSESSMENTS AND TAKING OUR LEAD FROM THAT. IF WE HAVE WAYS FOR COMMUNICATING DIRECTLY WITH SMITH, WE SHOULD USE THEM. 13. KAUNDA IS IN A TIGHT SPOT AND DID NOT CONCEAL HIS TENSION AND WORRY DURING OUR DISCUSSION. HE HAD TAKEN OVERLY OPTIMISTIC VIEW BEFORE VICTORIA FALLS, HAD PINNED HIS HOPES ON FORWARD AND UNINTERRUPTED PSN:053705 PAGE 01 TDR:247/14:24Z DTG:041300Z SEP 75 Z N COPY D COPY MOVEMENT, AND WAS EVEN COUNTING ON ENOUGH AGREEMENT TO CONSIDER RE-OPING THE ZAMBIAN-RHODESIAN BORDER. THE STALEMATE OVER THE IMMUNITY QUESTION PREVENTS THIS RELIEF FOR A VERY TROUBLED ZAMBIAN ECONOMY. THE COUNTRY'S TRANSPORT SITUATION HAS BECOME CRITICAL IF NOT NEAR DESPERATE. LOBITO IS CLOSED INDEFINITELY AND DAR AND THE MOZAMBIQUE PORTS CANNOT HANDLE THE DIVERTED VOLUME. THE ROUTES THROUGH MALAWI AND MOZAMBIQUE ARE GOOD ONLY UNTIL THE RAINS COME IN NOVEMBER. ZAMBIA'S TWO COPPER COMPANIES HAVE JUST DECLARED "FORCE MAJEURE" ON 20 PERCENT OF THEIR CONTRACTUALSHIPMENTS (LUSAKA'S 1679) AND THERE IS MUCH DOMESTIC DISSATISFACTION WITH KAUNDA'S ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL POLICIES (LUSAKA 1658). TWICE KAUNDA SPOKE TO ME OF HIS "DISCOURAGEMENT" IN OUR CONVERSATION. WHILE TOO PROUD TO BARE HIS TRUE FEELINGS, HIS EXPRESSION OF ANXIETY AND CALL TO THE USG FOR HELP SHOULD NOT GO WITHOUT SOME MEANINGFUL RESPONSE FROM US. I SUSPECT CHONA'S ABSENCE IS ATTRIBUTABLE TO FACT HE MAY BE IN PRETORIA TRYING TO PRESS SOUTH AFRICANS TO PRESS SMITH FOR A REPLY TO ZAMBIA'S SEVEN-POINT MESSAGE (LUSAKA 1662). 14. REQUEST DEPARTMENT PROVIDE ME WITH INSTRUCTIONS FOR RESPONSIVE REPLY TO KAUNDA ALONG FOLLOWING LINES: WE SHARE HIS CONCERNS THAT NEGOTIATED SETTLEMENT COULD BE IN JEOPARDY AND THERE APPARENT DANGER OF ESCALATION OF ARMED STRUGGLE; WE HAVE TAKEN NECESSARY STEPS TO URGE RESUMPTION OF NEGOTIATIONS AT VICTORIA FALLS OR OTHER NON-CONTROVERSIAL, MUTUALLY-AGREED SITE IN CONSULTATION WITH SOUTH AFRICANS AND BRITISH; WE HOPE THAT IN MEANTIME KAUNDA AND AFRICAN LEADERS ARE IMPRESSING UPON ANC ABSOLUTE NECESSITY FOR UNITY IF MEANINGFUL TALKS WITH RHODESIANS ARE TO OCCUR. WILKOWSKI BT PSN: 053705 PAGE 02 OF 02 TOR: 247/14:242 DTG:041300Z SEP 75 D COPY if 6035 SECRET (XGDS-2) Please pass following to President Kaunda from President Ford: QUOTE: Dear Mr. President: I greatly appreciate your message of September 3 and your assessment of the situation in Rhodesia. I share your concerns regarding the lack of progress in the negotiations and the grave consequences that will result if the Rhodesian question is not settled peacefully. As you know, Secretary Kissinger met with your Foreign Minister Banda in New York on September 5 and expressed our strong support for toachind your efforts for a peaceful solution in Rhodesia. Since then I have state Review NSC MEMO, 11/24/98, DEPT. GUIDELINES 9/17/03 discussed your message to me with Secretary Kissinger and we are will everythy structing have study ungantly ways that we might be helpful. strong NARA, DATE 3/10/04 Once again may I express my gratitude to you for your recent my represt Arde budership crk you have buse playing. we strengly letter and reiterate that we support a peaceful settlement in Rhodesia E.O. 12958, SEC. 3.5 contribute to This and where possible. DECLASSIFIED and wish to be helpful where we can. STATE With warm personal regards, Yours sincerely, BY Who Gerald R. Ford FORD & His Excellency GERALD LIBRARY Kenneth David Kaunda President of Zambia UNQUOTE SECRET (XGDS-2) 1g 6035 Action Rewrite: BS:mb 9/22/75 SECRET (XGDS 2) Please pass the following to President Kaunda from President Ford: QUOTE: Dear Mr. President: I greatly appreciate your message of September 3 and your assessment of the situation in Rhodesia. I share your concerns regarding the lack of progress in the negotiations and the grave consequences that will result if the Rhodesian question is not settled peacefully. As you know, Secretary Kissinger met with Foreign Minister Bauda in New York on September 5 and expressed our strong n support for your efforts to achieve a peaceful solution in Rhodesia. Review MEMO, E.O. 11/24/98, STATE DEPT. GUIDELINES State 9/17/03 Since then I have discussed your message with Secretary Kissinger and we are currently studying how we might be helpful. Once again may I express my gratitude to you for your 12958, SEC. 3.5 NSC Non 3/10/04 recent letter and my respect for the leadership role you have NARA, DATE been playing. We strongly support a peaceful settlement in DECLASSIFIED Rhodesia and wish to contribute to this end where possible. With warm personal regards, Yours sincerely, BY Gerald R. Ford FURD His Excellency Kenneth David Kaunda President of Xambia INQUOTE GERALD s SECRET-(XGDS 2) NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION Presidential Libraries Withdrawal Sheet WITHDRAWAL ID 017617 REASON FOR WITHDRAWAL .... National security restriction TYPE OF MATERIAL Profile TITLE NSC Correspondence Profile DESCRIPTION Re Message to Ford from Kaunda CREATION DATE 09/1975 VOLUME 1 page COLLECTION/SERIES/FOLDER ID 035100094 COLLECTION TITLE NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISER. PRESIDENTIAL CORRESPONDENCE WITH FOREIGN LEADERS BOX NUMBER 4 FOLDER TITLE Zambia - President Kenneth Kaunda DATE WITHDRAWN 03/12/2004 WITHDRAWING ARCHIVIST GG 4amm MEMORANDUM NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL 913 SECRET (GDS) ACTION th 3/10/04 February 20, 1976 MEMORANDUM FOR: BRENT SCOWCROFT FROM: Hal Horan HH SUBJECT: Presidential Correspondence: Proposed Reply to Letter from Zambia's President Kenneth Kuanda Attached is a self-explanatory memo to the President suggesting he send a response to Zambia's President Kaunda's recent letter to him on Angolan and southern African questions. Bob Hartmann has cleared the text of the letter. RECOMMENDATION: That you forward to the President the memo at Tab I. we need I P MEMORANDUM THE WHITE HOUSE 913 WASHINGTON SECRET (GDS) ACTION 3/10/04 MEMORANDUM FOR: THE PRESIDENT FROM: Brent Scowcroft SUBJECT: Correspondence with Zambia's President Kenneth Kaunda At a February 5 meeting Mr. Chona, Special Adviser to President Kaunda, gave Secretary Kissinger a letter to you from Kaunda (Tab B). The letter thanks you for your January 3 message on Angola, expresses Kaunda's dismay over the inadequacies of the Western response in Angola, indicates Zambia's resolve to maintain its stand on Angola despite Soviet intervention, and urges American action on the Rhodesian and Namibian issues. In view of our continuing close relations with Kaunda and our shared views on the Angolan question, the Department of State has recommended that you respond personally to Kaunda's letter. I concur in this recommendation and have attached a suggested letter at Tab A. Bob Hartmann has cleared the text of the letter. RECOMMENDATION: That you sign the letter at Tab A to President Kaunda. 913 4c DEPARTMENT OF STATE 7603014 Washington, D.C. 20520 February 13, 1976 SECRET MEMORANDUM FOR MR. BRENT SCOWCROFT THE WHITE HOUSE Subject: Suggested Reply by President Ford to Letter from Zambian President Kaunda At a February 5 meeting, Mark Chona, Special Advisor to President Kaunda, gave Secretary Kissinger a letter from President Kaunda to President Ford. The letter, dated January 28, thanks President Ford for his message on Angola, expresses President Kaunda's dismay over the inadequacy of the Western response in Angola, and urges American action on the Rhodesian and Namibian issues as well. In our suggested reply President Ford thanks President Kaunda for his letter and for sending Mark Chona to Washington, expresses our determination to resist Soviet intrusions in Africa, and states that we continue to follow the Rhodesian and Namibian issues with great attention. C. arth Bag for George S. Springsteen Executive Secretary Attachments: 1. Suggested Reply 2. Letter from President Kaunda SECRET GDS 3/10/04 4d Suggested Reply Dear Mr. President: Thank you for your letter of January 28, 1976 and for sending your special Ássistant Mark Chona the situation her to meet with Secretary Kissinger to discuss southern African developments. I share your views on the gravity of the situation in Angola and on the need for an effective response by both African and Western states to Soviet inter- vention. sure the effective statesmanship you displayed at the recent OAU Summit meeting in Addis has Ababa will demonstrate to the Soviets and Cubans that responsible group a cohesive blos of African states will oppose their explat a situation in saitem aprer to the attempts to alter the power balange. I was heartened n by this development and hope we will be able to build on it in the future. X We are now studying how the United States, with can other interested governments, frax be abile to contribute to stability and peaceful change in central and southern Africa. I am encouraged by the initial reactions of the His Excellency Dr. Kenneth D. Kaunda, GERALD ? LISA FORD President of the Republic of Zambia, Lusaka. Department of State -2- members a the Congress to the explanations by Mr. Chona, Foreign of Zanie Minister Nguza and others of the serious political and economic difficulties confronting the nations of a repetition 2 the area. We certainly do not wish to see A the Angolan drama replayed in any other part of the continent. In are following this connection, we continue to follow events in Rhodesia closest and Namibia with the greatest attention, and are assess- ing whether there any donstructive we can play what specific is steps role the unity State to might further peaceful take progress to help towards achenie majority my peanful rule in means these majority rule are self determination will 1 there and will Let me assure you that the United States a working. closely with Zambia and other governments will continue to meet its responsibilities in Africa. Sincerely, Gerald R. Ford GERALD & FORD 3 State House Lusaka, Republic of Zambia State House Lusaka, Republic of Zambia 28th January, 1976. Dear un President, I was very happy recently to receive your message regarding the situation in Angola. I was most heartened and encouraged by the manner in which you reaffirmed your commitment and that of your country to help end the war in Angola. Since then I have followed the developments which have grown in gravity. The OAU diplomatic efforts at the recent Addis Ababa Extraordinary Summit failed. The war continues, Soviet inter- vention also continues to grow with an alarming number of Cuban regular forces. I perfectly understand the problems of the American Administration in giving timely and effective response to Soviet massive intervention. While admiring your present efforts and those of your Secretary of State, Dr. Kissinger, I am necessarily dismayed by the inadequency of the western response politically, psychologically and let alone materially. We in Zambia will not compromise our principles for fear of Soviet power. We, therefore, are resolved to maintain our stand. I am sending my Special Assistant for Political Affairs, Mark Chona, to exchange views with the Secretary of State on the whole situation in Southern Africa. American action is also necessary now in Rhodesia and Namibia before there is a repetition of what is happening in Angola. The threat is real. We have to take appropriate measures now. May I take the opportunity of sending you my warmest greetings and best wishes. With God's blessings. your sincerely, 100 PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF ZAMBIA His Excellency Gerald Ford, President of the United States of America, WASHINGTON, D.C. 4g NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL 2/18/76 TO: Doug Smith, Mr. Hartmann's Office 1st fl., WW, WH FR OM: Hal Horan, X 5022 # SUBJECT: Presidential letter to Zambia President Kaunda For your clearance RTH you should loobal their me alay on GERALD GERALDA ? LLBRARY FORD we Suggested Reply Dear Mr. President: Thank you for your letter of January 28, 1976 and for sending your Special Assistant, Mark Chona, to meet with Secretary Kissinger to discuss the situation in southern Africa. I share your views on the gravity of the situation in Angola and on the need for an effective response by both African and Western states to Soviet intervention. The effective statesmanship you dis- played at the recent OAU Summit meeting in Addis Ababa has demonstrated to the Soviets and Cubans that a responsible group of African states will oppose their attempts to exploit a situation in Africa to their advantage. I was heartened by this development and hope we will be able to build on it in the future. We are now studying how the United States, with other interested governments, can contribute to stability and peaceful change in central and southern Africa. I am encouraged by the initial re- actions of the members of the Congress to the explanations by Mr. Chona, Foreign Minister Nguza of Zaire and others of the serious political and economic difficulties confronting the nations of the area. We certainly do not wish to see a repetition of the Angolan drama in any part of the continent. In this connection, we are following events in Rhodesia and Namibia with the closest attention and are assessing what specific steps the United States might take to help - -2- achieve by peaceful means majority rule and self determination in those areas. Let me assure you that the United States will work closely with Zambia and other governments to meet its responsi bilities in Africa. Sincerely, (Gerald R. Ford) His Excellency Dr. Kenneth D. Kaunda President of the Republic of Zambia Lusaka THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON Dear Mr. President: Thank you for your letter of January 28, 1976 and for sending your Special Assistant Mark Chona, to meet with Secretary Kissinger to discuss the situa- tion in southern Africa. I share your views on the gravity of the situation in Angola and on the need for an effective response by both African and western states to Soviet intervention. The effective statesmanship you displayed at the recent OAU summit meeting in Addis Ababa has demonstrated to the Soviets and Cubans that a responsible group of African states will oppose their attempts to exploit a situation in Africa to their advantage. I was heartened by this development and hope we will be able to build on it in the future. We are now studying how the United States, with other interested governments, can contribute to stability and peaceful change in central and southern Africa. I am encouraged by the initial reactions of the members of the Congress to the explanations by Mr. Chona, Foreign Minister Nguza of Zaire and others of the serious political and economic difficulties confronting the nations of the area. We certainly do not wish to see a repetition of the Angolan drama in any part of the continent. In this connection, we are following events in Rhodesia and Namibia with the closest attention and are assessing what specific steps the United States might take to help achieve by peaceful means majority rule and self determination in those areas. - -2- Let me assure you that the United States will work closely with Zambia and other governments to meet its responsibilities in Africa. Sincerely, His Excellency Dr. Kenneth D. Kaunda President of the Republic of Zambia Lusaka j THE WHITE HOUSE His Excellency Dr. Kenneth D. Kaunda President of the Republic of Zambia Lusaka 4K DOC RECD LOG NBR INITIAL ACTION O NSC CORRESPONDENCE PROFILE MO DA MO DA HR 13 2 14 9 7600913 TO: PRES S/S 7603014 REFERENCE: CIRCLE AS APPROPRIATE FROM: KISSINGER, H UNCLAS LOG IN/OUT KISSINGER COLBY, W OTHER LOU NO FORN NODIS SOURCE/CLASS/DESCRIPTION SCOWCROFT SCHLESINGER, J C EYES ONLY EXDIS DAVIS ST EX SEC X CODEWORD TS SENSITIVE SUBJECT: ack ltr to Pres fm Zambran Pres Kaunda re angola Rhodesia & Namibia INTERNAL ROUTING AND DISTRIBUTION REC ACTION REQUIRED ACTION INFO. CY ADVANCE CYS TO HAK/SCOWCROFT X FOR MEMO FOR HAK ( ) STAFF SECRETARY MEMO FOR PRES ( ) REPLY FOR FAR EAST ( ) APPROPRIATE ACTION ) DISTRIBUTION/INITIAL ACTION ASGMT X ( SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA MID EAST / NO. AFRICA / SO. ASIA MEMO TO ( ) RECOMMENDATIONS ( ) EUROPE / CANADA ( LATIN AMERICA JOINT MEMO ) REFER TO FOR: ( ) UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC ANY ACTION NECESSARY? ( ) SCIENTIFIC CONCURRENCE ( ) PROGRAM ANALYSIS DUE DATE: NSC PLANNING COMMENTS: (INCLUDING (2-23) SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS) CONGRESSIONAL OCEANS POLICY INDEX Chona, Mark INTELLIGENCE BAM DATE FROM TO 5 SUBSEQUENT ACTION REQUIRED (OR TAKEN): CY TO 2/20 Scoft X Pres to lts to Kaunla (2/29) 3-9 NOO/S C Obe per Gen Scrift SUBSEQUENT ROUTING/ACTIONS Hran Lowever notified by 2hone a clase and up Bill follow. DISPATCH CY RQMTS: SEE ABOVE PLUS: MICROFILM & FILE RQMTS: NSC/S DISP INSTR NOTIFY & DATE BY M/F'D SPECIAL DISPOSITION: 1976 CRT SA SF CROSS REF W/ OPEN HP NS SUSPENSE CY ATTACHED: X FOLDER: CLOSE K WH EP PA DY (NSC-600) 75-22