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-3- July 1, 1902 (32 Stat. 641), ratifying agreement. with the Choctaws and Chickasaws; April 21, 1904 (32 Stat. , 189), providing for removal of restrictions upon alienation and containing provisions intended to carry out provisions of former acts based upon agreements with the various tribes; March 3, 1905 (33 Stat.; 1048), making appropriations to carry into effect provisions of former acts; April 26, 1906 (34 Stat., 137), containing provisions neceasary to close up the affairs of these tribes upon the lines indicated in agree- ments ratified by former acts; June 21, 1906 (34 Stat. , 325) , making appropriations necessary to carry into effect agreements and earlier sets and containing provisions amendatory of previous acts. An examination of these acts demonstrates that Congress has acted in accordance with the expressed wishes of the various tribes, so far a.s practicable and compatible with effective and consistent administration of their affairs, this work being undertaken only after demonstration of the inability of these people to administer their own affairs. (Stephens V. Cherokee Nation, 174 U. S., 445.) Upon this ground alone these various acts are not susceptible to successful attack upon the ground that Congress exceeded its powers. The power of Congress in the premises and the validity of the acts in question may be sustained upon another ground, and has been so sustained by the courts in like instances. In Kansas Indians (10 Wall., 321, 326) ; Kansas Indians (5 Wall. , 737, 758 & 759) ; United States y. Rickert (188 U. S., 431. 436), it is clearly shown that the degree of emancipation

Document source description

This item is a memorandum regarding the distinction between personal wardship and property wardship with regards to the Act of March 3, 1901(31 Stat. 1058).

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Context sent to Scholar

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    "ocrText": "-3-\nJuly 1, 1902 (32 Stat. 641), ratifying agreement. with the\nChoctaws and Chickasaws; April 21, 1904 (32 Stat. , 189),\nproviding for removal of restrictions upon alienation and\ncontaining provisions intended to carry out provisions of\nformer acts based upon agreements with the various tribes;\nMarch 3, 1905 (33 Stat.; 1048), making appropriations to carry\ninto effect provisions of former acts; April 26, 1906 (34\nStat., 137), containing provisions neceasary to close up the\naffairs of these tribes upon the lines indicated in agree-\nments ratified by former acts; June 21, 1906 (34 Stat. , 325) ,\nmaking appropriations necessary to carry into effect agreements\nand earlier sets and containing provisions amendatory of previous\nacts.\nAn examination of these acts demonstrates that Congress\nhas acted in accordance with the expressed wishes of the various\ntribes, so far a.s practicable and compatible with effective and\nconsistent administration of their affairs, this work being\nundertaken only after demonstration of the inability of these\npeople to administer their own affairs. (Stephens V. Cherokee\nNation, 174 U. S., 445.) Upon this ground alone these various\nacts are not susceptible to successful attack upon the ground\nthat Congress exceeded its powers.\nThe power of Congress in the premises and the validity\nof the acts in question may be sustained upon another ground,\nand has been so sustained by the courts in like instances.\nIn Kansas Indians (10 Wall., 321, 326) ; Kansas Indians\n(5 Wall. , 737, 758 & 759) ; United States y. Rickert (188 U. S.,\n431. 436), it is clearly shown that the degree of emancipation"
}