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- 2 - authority to cope with the problems involved in carrying out the program. Such broad authority was considered to be necessary to enable the Executive Branch to fulfill the large responsibilities placed upon it by the Act. In particular it was recognised that there would be many problens in the field of atomic energy which could not be foreseen and which were unpredict- able. In the words of the Act itself, "It is a field in which unknown factors are involved." The results achieved under the Act have generally demonstrated the wisdom of the basic framework of the Act. Although phrased in terms of congressional approval of prograns, the proposed bill would, in fact, result in a substantial change in the way in which the atomic energy program is now carried forward and would result in a considerable shift of responsibility from the Executive to the Legislative ASD Branch of the Government. By the terms of the Act, Section 4 (c) (2), for example, the President now determines the program, at least once a year, for the production of fissionable material, and by Section 6 (a) (2) the President now determinos the program of the Commission for the production of atomic bombs. Under the proposed bill apparently these programs must first be authorized by the Congress before any money may be appropriated to carry them out. Likowise, as a further example, it would seen that the Congress would be called upon to authorize any program for the testing of atomic weapons before money could be appropriated for the tests. The plain fact is that there are many programs in the field of atomic energy which do not lend thenselves to the legislative plan of requiring specific prior congressional authorization. The underlying assumption of the proposed legislation is that the whole atomic energy program is a stable, predictable program which can be plotted out well in advance and then followed in detail. This was not the case when the Act was passed and is certainly not the case now or in the foreseeable future.

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    "ocrText": "- 2 -\nauthority to cope with the problems involved in carrying out the program.\nSuch broad authority was considered to be necessary to enable the Executive\nBranch to fulfill the large responsibilities placed upon it by the Act.\nIn particular it was recognised that there would be many problens in the\nfield of atomic energy which could not be foreseen and which were unpredict-\nable. In the words of the Act itself, \"It is a field in which unknown\nfactors are involved.\" The results achieved under the Act have generally\ndemonstrated the wisdom of the basic framework of the Act.\nAlthough phrased in terms of congressional approval of prograns, the\nproposed bill would, in fact, result in a substantial change in the way in\nwhich the atomic energy program is now carried forward and would result in\na considerable shift of responsibility from the Executive to the Legislative\nASD\nBranch of the Government. By the terms of the Act, Section 4 (c) (2), for\nexample, the President now determines the program, at least once a year, for\nthe production of fissionable material, and by Section 6 (a) (2) the President\nnow determinos the program of the Commission for the production of atomic\nbombs. Under the proposed bill apparently these programs must first be\nauthorized by the Congress before any money may be appropriated to carry them\nout. Likowise, as a further example, it would seen that the Congress would\nbe called upon to authorize any program for the testing of atomic weapons\nbefore money could be appropriated for the tests.\nThe plain fact is that there are many programs in the field of atomic\nenergy which do not lend thenselves to the legislative plan of requiring\nspecific prior congressional authorization. The underlying assumption of\nthe proposed legislation is that the whole atomic energy program is a stable,\npredictable program which can be plotted out well in advance and then followed\nin detail. This was not the case when the Act was passed and is certainly\nnot the case now or in the foreseeable future."
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