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{
    "localId": "514965480",
    "label": "Press Release, Address by Dean Acheson, \"Cyprus: The Anatomy of the Problem,\" Before the Chicago Bar Association",
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    "id": "514965480",
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    "contentType": "document",
    "title": "Press Release, Address by Dean Acheson, \"Cyprus: The Anatomy of the Problem,\" Before the Chicago Bar Association",
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        "Dean Acheson Papers",
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    "productionDates": [
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            "day": 24,
            "logicalDate": "1965-03-24",
            "month": 3,
            "year": 1965
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{
    "seq": 2,
    "pageIndex": 0,
    "type": "photo",
    "url": "https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/presidential-libraries/truman/hst-da/653118/1722712/1722712-02-002.tif",
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    "ocrText": "- 2 -\nFor a millennium the history of Cyprus has been\nromantic and turbulent, as its geographical position\nmade inevitable during the decline of the Eastern\nRoman Empire, the rise of Islam, and the Crusades.\nIn recent centuries it formed part of the Ottoman\nEmpire. Greek Cypriots detested Turkish rule as\nNATIONAL\nmuch as did mainland Greeks. In 1878 the British\nARCHIVES &\nRECORDS\nFORMAL\ntook over, first, administration of the island and,\nADMIN\nafter the First World War, sovereignty. Under\ntheir benign and competent rule the people of the\nisland, for the first time, knew peace, order, and\njustice under law. But they, like others, put a low\nvalue on these supposed blessings, and in 1954 traded\nthem in for the slogan of self-determination. As\ntime went on, the slogan came to mean different\nthings to different Cypriots; but at the time it\nmeant an end to British rule. Turkish Cypriots\nagreed with this, for the British were foreigners.\nBut union with Greece was quite as repulsive to them\nfor the same reason.\nThe rebellion was bitter and bloody. Organiza-\ntion and propaganda fell to Archbishop Makarios of\nthe Greek Orthodox Church, a political priest with\nconsiderable gifts of demagogy and ruthlessness;\nguerrilla operations were directed by General Grivas,\na retired Greek army officer of Cypriot birth. He\nwas and is a brave and able guerrilla leader without\nmuch political sense. Greek gun-running armed the\nwhole people of a rugged island. After five years of\nlosses incurred in fruitless operations, fifty thou-\nsand British troops had failed to suppress the rebel-\nlion, which more and more was aimed by Makarios and\nGrivas for enosis -- union -- of Cyprus with Greece.\nBy this time British interest in the island had\nnarrowed to the use of military bases there, as stag-\ning areas for operations in the Arabian peninsula\nand beyond. Cyprus was all that remained for that\nimportant purpose, following British withdrawal from\nthe Suez bases. The Greeks were loud, and probably\ncorrect, in their assurances that enosis would im-\nprove, not impair, this use of facilities on the\nisland."
}