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OCR Page 1 of 5HARRY
'NATIONAL
ARCHIVES
RECORDS
SERVICE"
Get year Both 1960
DUP
REFUGEES
GOVERNISTRA
For the first time in living memory the United States became a
country of first asylum for refugees in 1960. Some 35,000 Cubans in
flight from Castro's revolution in Cuba reached Miami during the year
and remained concentrated there in the hope that some change of the
political wheel in Havana would permit them to return to their homes
soon. During the first few months after their arrival they were housed
and cared for by the Cuban permanent resident population of 50,000 in
Miami and Dade County, Florida. They soon posed problems however for
local public officials and institutions particularly the schools which
were not prepared to receive such an unexpected increase in children.
Most of the refugees had arrived on visitors' visas which soon expired.
The Immigration and Naturalization Service of the Department of Justice
announced that no action would be taken to return the refugees to
Cuba. Late in December President Eisenhower appointed a special
representative to study the problem and made $1,000,000 of federal
funds available for relief to supplement local and Floride state
resources. There was a large representation of the professional and
business groups of Cuba among the refugees.
World Refugee Year which was launched by a resolution adopted by
the General Assembly of the United Nations on December 5, 1958 came
to a formal end in June 1960. The purpose of the year was to focus
public interest on the problem of refugees and to increase government
and private assistance to the refugees. The plan was to leave initiatives
in response to the World Refugee Year entirely to national efforts.
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