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arbitration demand. Ex-President Cleveland wrote an unsolicited
letter expressing his indignation at the operators' conduct, and hoped
the President could discover the path to direct action.
"Roosevelt needed no urging. As Mark Sullivan wrote in Our
Times: 'Any implication that the Government of the United States was
helpless before any set of circumstances was always a challenge to
Roosevelt, and stirred his deepest determination. He could not endure
to be dared'. Before the operators' refusal, he had determined that
'somehow or other' the coal famine would be broken, by Federal oper-
ation if no other way. Cleveland's letter now catalyzed his purpose
into a plan of action. His Democratic predecessor agreed to take chief
place on an arbitration commission to decide the rights of the case,
whether or not the operators asked for it or agreed to abide by its
decision.
"Roosevelt's next step was to pick a general, to lead United
States troops into Pennsylvania, 'to dispossess the operators and run
the mines as a receiver'. He summoned sturdy John M. Schofield, hero
of the Battle of Franklin, whom he told that the crisis was only less
serious than the Civil War; if the General went into Pennsylvania, 'he
must act in a purely military capacity under me as Commander in
Chief, paying no heed to any authority, judicial or otherwise, except
mine'. Schofield replied quietly that if the President gave the order,
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"ocrText": "bo\nAND\n3.\narbitration demand. Ex-President Cleveland wrote an unsolicited\nletter expressing his indignation at the operators' conduct, and hoped\nthe President could discover the path to direct action.\n\"Roosevelt needed no urging. As Mark Sullivan wrote in Our\nTimes: 'Any implication that the Government of the United States was\nhelpless before any set of circumstances was always a challenge to\nRoosevelt, and stirred his deepest determination. He could not endure\nto be dared'. Before the operators' refusal, he had determined that\n'somehow or other' the coal famine would be broken, by Federal oper-\nation if no other way. Cleveland's letter now catalyzed his purpose\ninto a plan of action. His Democratic predecessor agreed to take chief\nplace on an arbitration commission to decide the rights of the case,\nwhether or not the operators asked for it or agreed to abide by its\ndecision.\n\"Roosevelt's next step was to pick a general, to lead United\nStates troops into Pennsylvania, 'to dispossess the operators and run\nthe mines as a receiver'. He summoned sturdy John M. Schofield, hero\nof the Battle of Franklin, whom he told that the crisis was only less\nserious than the Civil War; if the General went into Pennsylvania, 'he\nmust act in a purely military capacity under me as Commander in\nChief, paying no heed to any authority, judicial or otherwise, except\nmine'. Schofield replied quietly that if the President gave the order,"
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