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Sa me "MATIONAL A NEW LIFE FOR FARM FAMILIES AND THE SOIL THEY WORK The rapidly growing economic and military strength of the Nation rests upon many columns, but upon none more basic than the sound, productive system of family farming that is the backbone of American agriculture. Though less than one-sixth of our people today are farmers, they provide an abundance of food and agricultural raw materials for the entire civilian population, for our growing military forces, and for our booming defense indus- tries. In addition, they furnish immense quantities of com- modities for export to friendly foreign countries. But the present strength of American agriculture did not come into being by chance. It is the product of many factors: extensive natural resources, a favorable climate, the free and industrious spirit of the people -- plus the wise governmental programs and policies of the past two decades. Twelve Years of Trouble Boom Agriculture has not always had the productivity, the strength and the stability that it takes pride in today. It came out of World War One into a brief era of zooming prices for land and farm products. It was a period of up- roarious boom not only for agriculture, but for the country as a whole. and Bust A wild ride it was, and a short one. Only a year and a half after the close of the war, prices began to fall. In July 1920, the index of farm prices dropped 7 points, then 18 more in August, then another 10 points in September. The break came just as a grain crop was coming to market -- a crop produced at the highest costs in history up to that time. The price of wheat on the farm fell from $2.56 in June 1920 to less than a dollar in December 1921 a collapse of more than 60 percent. Other farm prices were on the toboggan, too. Mortgages Up, Farmers who had hoped to make a fair living and pay Assets Down for land bought at boom prices, almost overnight found them- selves unable to do either. Between 1920 and 1921 farm mort- gages went up nearly two billion dollars. Farm assets came down about seven billion.