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26 TRENDS IN RUSSIAN FOREIGN POLICY SINCE WORLD WAR I TRENDS IN RUSSIAN FOREIGN POLICY SINCE WORLD WAR I 27 November 25-Representatives of 13 Axis nations adhere to anti- June 11-United States and U. S. S. R. sign master lend-lease agree- Comintern pact, simultaneously extending it for 5 years. ment providing for reciprocal defense aid. December 4-Premier Stalin and Polish Premier Sikorski sign declara- June 12--Soviet-British joint communiqué discloses Molotov's visit tion of mutual assistance and friendship. to London to discuss establishment of a second front in 1942 and December 7-Japanese attack Pearl Harbor. the problem of increasing supply shipments to the U. S. S. R. December 13-At press conference, Litvinov refers to Japan as "the June 6-United States increases credit to Russia for supplies from common enemy of Russia, Britain, and the United States.' 1 billion to 3 billion dollars. December 29-London reveals Foreign Secretary Eden has been con- June 27-U. S. S. R. and Great Britain sign agreement on financing ferring in Moscow for some time. and delivery of war supplies. The official announcement declared that Eden was engaged July 1-Germans capture Sevastopol after 8 months' siege. with Stalin in an "exhaustive exchange of views on questions July 10--U.S. S. R. and Netherlands establish diplomatic relations. relating to the conduct of the war and to postwar organization August 19-Churchill and Stalin hold conference in Moscow to discuss of peace and security in Europe." war against Germany. December 31-U. S. S. R. grants loan of 100,000,000 rubles to Polish August 18-Ambassador Harriman declares that President Roosevelt government in exile. will adhere to all decisions reached by Churchill in Moscow talks 1942 with Stalin. September 22-Moscow News declares that British and American January 1-U. - S. S. R. signs United Nations declaration in Washing- Armies are "mere bystanders" while the war is being decided at ton. Stalingrad. January 3-U. S. S. R. affirms neutrality pact as basis for Soviet- September 23-Wendell Willkie visits Moscow. Japanese relations. October 3-In a letter to H. C. Cassidy, news correspondent, Stalin January 3-Russian observers approve "Declaration of the Punish- stresses need for second front and comparative ineffectiveness of ment of War Crimes" adopted by an inter-Allied conference in Allied aid. London. October 13-Australia and U. S. S. R. establish diplomatic relations. January 22-U. S. S. R. lends funds for support of Czech troops on October 17-Cuba and Luxembourg establish diplomatic relations Soviet territory. with U. S. S. R. January 22-U. S. S. R. grants 300,000,000 rubles for upkeep of Polish November 6-Stalin outlines program of action for Anglo-Soviet- army on Soviet territory. American coalition. January 29-Russia, Britain, and Iran sign treaty of alliance, pro- He urged the Allies to destroy racial exclusiveness, to recog- viding for military use of Iranian territory until 6 months after nize the equality of nations and inviolability of their territories, the end of all military operations against Germany. to liberate enslaved nations and restore their sovereign rights, February 23-In an order of the day, Stalin distinguishes between to acknowledge the right of each nation to order its own affairs, "Hitler's clique" and the German people and state. to extend economic aid to nations which have suffered and to March 6-Speaking in New York, Ambassador Litvinov urges open- assist them in regaining their material well-being, to restore ing of second front. democratic freedoms, and to destroy the Hitler regime. March 20-Russia and Japan renew fisheries agreement for 1 year. November 10-Mexico and U. S. S. R. renew diplomatic relations. April 5-Second All-Slav Congress in Moscow appeals to Slavic November 12-U. S. S. R. and Canada establish diplomatic relations. nations for a national war of liberation. November 14-In a letter to H. C. Cassidy, news correspondent, April 18-American bomber lands at Khabarovsk (Siberia) and the Stalin expresses satisfaction with north African campaign. crew is interned in accordance with international law. November 18-Molotov expresses U. S. S. R.' sympathy with Albania's May -Stalin declares U. S. S. R.'s aim is not to conquer but to free struggle for liberation and independence. the Soviet homeland and people and "our brothers in the Ukraine, November 19-Ambassador Harriman reveals Roosevelt had ordered Moldavia, White Russia, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, and Karelia." top priority for Russian on war shipments and had accepted Stalin's May 26-U. S. S. R. and Great Britain sign 20-year mutual-assistance plan for postwar Anglo-American-Soviet collaboration. pact. December 12-Twelve Allied Governments, including U. S. S. R., The two powers established a close alliance against Nazi issue joint declaration on destruction of Jewish population in Germany and pledged cooperation and mutual assistance for 20 Europe by German authorities. years under the principles of the Atlantic Charter. June 11-United States announces completion of a series of confer- 1943 ences between President Roosevelt and Foreign Commissar Molotov. In the talks, held between May 29 and June 4, unity was January 31 - -Bulk of German Sixth Army, including 17 generals, achieved on: (1) The tasks of creating a second front in Europe surrenders at Stalingrad. in 1942: (2) measures for increasing and expediting supplies to February 25-Polish government in exile contends that boundaries the U. S. S. R.; and (3) fundamental problems of cooperation between Poland and the U. S. S. R. should preserve status quo as in safeguarding peace. of September 1, 1939. 64805-47- 5

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    "ocrText": "26 TRENDS IN RUSSIAN FOREIGN POLICY SINCE WORLD WAR I\nTRENDS IN RUSSIAN FOREIGN POLICY SINCE WORLD WAR I\n27\nNovember 25-Representatives of 13 Axis nations adhere to anti-\nJune 11-United States and U. S. S. R. sign master lend-lease agree-\nComintern pact, simultaneously extending it for 5 years.\nment providing for reciprocal defense aid.\nDecember 4-Premier Stalin and Polish Premier Sikorski sign declara-\nJune 12--Soviet-British joint communiqué discloses Molotov's visit\ntion of mutual assistance and friendship.\nto London to discuss establishment of a second front in 1942 and\nDecember 7-Japanese attack Pearl Harbor.\nthe problem of increasing supply shipments to the U. S. S. R.\nDecember 13-At press conference, Litvinov refers to Japan as \"the\nJune 6-United States increases credit to Russia for supplies from\ncommon enemy of Russia, Britain, and the United States.'\n1 billion to 3 billion dollars.\nDecember 29-London reveals Foreign Secretary Eden has been con-\nJune 27-U. S. S. R. and Great Britain sign agreement on financing\nferring in Moscow for some time.\nand delivery of war supplies.\nThe official announcement declared that Eden was engaged\nJuly 1-Germans capture Sevastopol after 8 months' siege.\nwith Stalin in an \"exhaustive exchange of views on questions\nJuly 10--U.S. S. R. and Netherlands establish diplomatic relations.\nrelating to the conduct of the war and to postwar organization\nAugust 19-Churchill and Stalin hold conference in Moscow to discuss\nof peace and security in Europe.\"\nwar against Germany.\nDecember 31-U. S. S. R. grants loan of 100,000,000 rubles to Polish\nAugust 18-Ambassador Harriman declares that President Roosevelt\ngovernment in exile.\nwill adhere to all decisions reached by Churchill in Moscow talks\n1942\nwith Stalin.\nSeptember 22-Moscow News declares that British and American\nJanuary 1-U. - S. S. R. signs United Nations declaration in Washing-\nArmies are \"mere bystanders\" while the war is being decided at\nton.\nStalingrad.\nJanuary 3-U. S. S. R. affirms neutrality pact as basis for Soviet-\nSeptember 23-Wendell Willkie visits Moscow.\nJapanese relations.\nOctober 3-In a letter to H. C. Cassidy, news correspondent, Stalin\nJanuary 3-Russian observers approve \"Declaration of the Punish-\nstresses need for second front and comparative ineffectiveness of\nment of War Crimes\" adopted by an inter-Allied conference in\nAllied aid.\nLondon.\nOctober 13-Australia and U. S. S. R. establish diplomatic relations.\nJanuary 22-U. S. S. R. lends funds for support of Czech troops on\nOctober 17-Cuba and Luxembourg establish diplomatic relations\nSoviet territory.\nwith U. S. S. R.\nJanuary 22-U. S. S. R. grants 300,000,000 rubles for upkeep of Polish\nNovember 6-Stalin outlines program of action for Anglo-Soviet-\narmy on Soviet territory.\nAmerican coalition.\nJanuary 29-Russia, Britain, and Iran sign treaty of alliance, pro-\nHe urged the Allies to destroy racial exclusiveness, to recog-\nviding for military use of Iranian territory until 6 months after\nnize the equality of nations and inviolability of their territories,\nthe end of all military operations against Germany.\nto liberate enslaved nations and restore their sovereign rights,\nFebruary 23-In an order of the day, Stalin distinguishes between\nto acknowledge the right of each nation to order its own affairs,\n\"Hitler's clique\" and the German people and state.\nto extend economic aid to nations which have suffered and to\nMarch 6-Speaking in New York, Ambassador Litvinov urges open-\nassist them in regaining their material well-being, to restore\ning of second front.\ndemocratic freedoms, and to destroy the Hitler regime.\nMarch 20-Russia and Japan renew fisheries agreement for 1 year.\nNovember 10-Mexico and U. S. S. R. renew diplomatic relations.\nApril 5-Second All-Slav Congress in Moscow appeals to Slavic\nNovember 12-U. S. S. R. and Canada establish diplomatic relations.\nnations for a national war of liberation.\nNovember 14-In a letter to H. C. Cassidy, news correspondent,\nApril 18-American bomber lands at Khabarovsk (Siberia) and the\nStalin expresses satisfaction with north African campaign.\ncrew is interned in accordance with international law.\nNovember 18-Molotov expresses U. S. S. R.' sympathy with Albania's\nMay -Stalin declares U. S. S. R.'s aim is not to conquer but to free\nstruggle for liberation and independence.\nthe Soviet homeland and people and \"our brothers in the Ukraine,\nNovember 19-Ambassador Harriman reveals Roosevelt had ordered\nMoldavia, White Russia, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, and Karelia.\"\ntop priority for Russian on war shipments and had accepted Stalin's\nMay 26-U. S. S. R. and Great Britain sign 20-year mutual-assistance\nplan for postwar Anglo-American-Soviet collaboration.\npact.\nDecember 12-Twelve Allied Governments, including U. S. S. R.,\nThe two powers established a close alliance against Nazi\nissue joint declaration on destruction of Jewish population in\nGermany and pledged cooperation and mutual assistance for 20\nEurope by German authorities.\nyears under the principles of the Atlantic Charter.\nJune 11-United States announces completion of a series of confer-\n1943\nences between President Roosevelt and Foreign Commissar Molotov.\nIn the talks, held between May 29 and June 4, unity was\nJanuary 31 - -Bulk of German Sixth Army, including 17 generals,\nachieved on: (1) The tasks of creating a second front in Europe\nsurrenders at Stalingrad.\nin 1942: (2) measures for increasing and expediting supplies to\nFebruary 25-Polish government in exile contends that boundaries\nthe U. S. S. R.; and (3) fundamental problems of cooperation\nbetween Poland and the U. S. S. R. should preserve status quo as\nin safeguarding peace.\nof September 1, 1939.\n64805-47-\n5"
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