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ORE 42-48 1 tgstup
SOVIET ROLLING STOCK AND MOTOR VEHICLE INDUSTRIES
SUMMARY
(DUSTRY
1.
ROLLING STOCK INDUSTRY.
Industrial facilities for the production of railroad rolling stock in the USSR are
located primarily in the Central Industrial Region and the Ukraine, although im-
portant plants have also been established in the Urals and East Siberia. Data on the
production of rolling stock since the end of the war have been virtually indeterminate;
in 1947 output may have approximated 830 locomotives and 60,000 freight cars (in
terms of 2-axle units; actual production of freight cars, however, was to a great extent
of
4-axle cars. See footnote.) At the close of 1947 the park of rolling stock, perhaps
amounting to 26,000 steam locomotives and 815,000 freight cars (in terms of 2-axle
units), was less than one-half of the United States in motive power and less than one-
fourth in carrying capacity.
By 1955 the annual output of rolling stock in the Soviet Union may amount to
2,800 steam locomotives and 200,000 freight cars (in terms of 2-axle units) This
would permit a locomotive park approaching in motive power the present inventory
of locomotives in the United States, but the Soviet freight car park would still be sub-
stantially below that of the United States in aggregate capacity.
2.
MOTOR VEHICLE INDUSTRY.
The Soviet automotive industry at present is concentrated in the Central Indus-
trial Region. The bulk of the output is manufactured at two large plants, one located
at Gorki and the other at Moscow. In 1947 production of motor vehicles in the USSR
probably amounted to approximately 170,000 vehicles, over nine-tenths of which were
trucks. At the close of 1947, the Soviet truck park probably was in the neighborhood
of 1,000,000 vehicles, of which perhaps only 60-70 percent were actually in operable
condition.
By 1955 the USSR may have increased the annual output of motor vehicles to
675,000 units, which would permit a park of approximately 2.6 million trucks. Because
of anticipated technical improvements in Soviet vehicles and other factors, the pro-
portion of the truck park in operable condition should be increased materially by that
year.
Note: The information in this report is as of 30 June 1948.
The intelligence organizations of the Departments of State, Army, Navy, and the Air Force
have concurred in this report.
Both production and park of freight cars in the USSR are measured in terms of 2-axle units.
The 2-axle unit is an artificial measure based on number of axles rather than carrying capacity;
hence, each 4-axle car produced, or in the freight car park, represents two 2-axle units. The
2-axle unit in terms of carrying capacity is therefore a variable measure, depending in different
circumstances on the proportion of various size cars included. In the preparation of this study
data were not available whereby the carrying capacity of the 2-axle unit could be calculated with
reasonable accuracy in all contexts. Wherever possible, however, the capacity of the 2-axle unit
is indicated in the text.
1
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"ocrText": "ORE 42-48 1 tgstup\nSOVIET ROLLING STOCK AND MOTOR VEHICLE INDUSTRIES\nSUMMARY\n(DUSTRY\n1.\nROLLING STOCK INDUSTRY.\nIndustrial facilities for the production of railroad rolling stock in the USSR are\nlocated primarily in the Central Industrial Region and the Ukraine, although im-\nportant plants have also been established in the Urals and East Siberia. Data on the\nproduction of rolling stock since the end of the war have been virtually indeterminate;\nin 1947 output may have approximated 830 locomotives and 60,000 freight cars (in\nterms of 2-axle units; actual production of freight cars, however, was to a great extent\nof\n4-axle cars. See footnote.) At the close of 1947 the park of rolling stock, perhaps\namounting to 26,000 steam locomotives and 815,000 freight cars (in terms of 2-axle\nunits), was less than one-half of the United States in motive power and less than one-\nfourth in carrying capacity.\nBy 1955 the annual output of rolling stock in the Soviet Union may amount to\n2,800 steam locomotives and 200,000 freight cars (in terms of 2-axle units) This\nwould permit a locomotive park approaching in motive power the present inventory\nof locomotives in the United States, but the Soviet freight car park would still be sub-\nstantially below that of the United States in aggregate capacity.\n2.\nMOTOR VEHICLE INDUSTRY.\nThe Soviet automotive industry at present is concentrated in the Central Indus-\ntrial Region. The bulk of the output is manufactured at two large plants, one located\nat Gorki and the other at Moscow. In 1947 production of motor vehicles in the USSR\nprobably amounted to approximately 170,000 vehicles, over nine-tenths of which were\ntrucks. At the close of 1947, the Soviet truck park probably was in the neighborhood\nof 1,000,000 vehicles, of which perhaps only 60-70 percent were actually in operable\ncondition.\nBy 1955 the USSR may have increased the annual output of motor vehicles to\n675,000 units, which would permit a park of approximately 2.6 million trucks. Because\nof anticipated technical improvements in Soviet vehicles and other factors, the pro-\nportion of the truck park in operable condition should be increased materially by that\nyear.\nNote: The information in this report is as of 30 June 1948.\nThe intelligence organizations of the Departments of State, Army, Navy, and the Air Force\nhave concurred in this report.\nBoth production and park of freight cars in the USSR are measured in terms of 2-axle units.\nThe 2-axle unit is an artificial measure based on number of axles rather than carrying capacity;\nhence, each 4-axle car produced, or in the freight car park, represents two 2-axle units. The\n2-axle unit in terms of carrying capacity is therefore a variable measure, depending in different\ncircumstances on the proportion of various size cars included. In the preparation of this study\ndata were not available whereby the carrying capacity of the 2-axle unit could be calculated with\nreasonable accuracy in all contexts. Wherever possible, however, the capacity of the 2-axle unit\nis indicated in the text.\n1"
}