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25
sian Gulf until the general release of political
of the Erani group enabled them to spread
prisoners in 1941. A founding member of the
the gospel of revolution. Freed along with the
Tudeh Party, Ovanessian was elected to the
others in 1941, Pishevari was a member of the
XIV Majlis as an Armenian representative in
founding nucleus of the Tudeh Party, although
1944 and in the same year was named to the
he turned to publication of the "independent"
Tudeh Central Committee. In August 1945 he
paper Ajir and avoided open contact with the
organized a peasant rebellion in Azerbaijan
party until 1944, when (after turning down
and later, after the Tehran police had found
one Tudeh offer) he agreed to run for the XIV
documents implicating him in a plot against
Majlis as the party's candidate from Tabriz.
the government, abandoned his position in the
Pishevari was elected but his credentials were
Majlis, fled to Rasht, and eventually became
subsequently invalidated by the Majlis, and
Director General of Propaganda for the Azer-
he then turned to organization of the DPA in
baijan regime. When the Azerbaijan regime
Tabriz. He held the post of Prime Minister
collapsed he fled with Pishevari to the USSR,
in the Azerbaijan National Government from
and although he is believed to have returned
its creation until June 1946, when a tentative
to Iran in May 1947, he is probably in the
agreement was reached between his regime
USSR at the present, allegedly working with
and the Iranian Government. He thereafter
the Tudeh Secret Committee on liaison with
confined himself to de facto control of the gov-
the Soviets. He has been wanted by the Ira-
ernment and armed forces in Azerbaijan,
nian police ever since the roundup of Tudeh
through his role as DPA secretary-general,
leaders in 1949 began and on 18 May was sen-
until the collapse of the regime in December
tenced to death, in absentia, by the Tehran
1946 forced him to flee to Baku in the USSR.
Military Court.
According to an unconfirmed report by the
Iranian Consul in Baku in 1947, Pishevari was
Ja'far PISHEVARI
subsequently killed in an automobile accident,
Ja'far Pishevari, head of the short-lived
but as late as August 1948 the "Free Azerbai-
Azerbaijan Government and now allegedly
jan" radio in the USSR was referring to him
leader of "Free Azerbaijan" elements in the
as prime minister of the "Free Azerbaijan Gov-
USSR, has had a long and distinguished career
ernment."
as a revolutionary. By his own account, he
was born in the Khalkhal district of Azerbaijan
Ahmad QASEMI
in 1893, where he supported himself from the
Head of the Tudeh Party's Publicity Section,
age of twelve and was a voracious reader until
the journalist Ahmad Qasemi has been one
his entry into active political life at the age of
of the most prolific writers in the Tudeh camp.
twenty. Editor of a paper called Horriyat
He first appeared in 1944 as a member of the
(Liberty) during the war years, Pishevari
Inspection Commission. During 1945 he was
claims to have "had an active part in the
active in the Gorgan area, where he worked
liberation of the peoples of Russia" and was
with the abortive officers' revolt at Mashhad.
undoubtedly engaged in various Communist
He was named to the Central Committee in
activities of the period. When the Jangal
1948 and was also a member of the Adminis-
separatist movement arose in Gilan during
trative Section and the Financial Commission.
1920-21, Pishevari became an active writer and
Arrested with other Tudeh leaders in early
speaker, and he states that he was active in
1949, Qasemi was sentenced on 22 April to ten
a number of other groups, including a union
years imprisonment.
of 7,000 workers in Tehran, following the Jan-
gal movement's suppression. Forced to change
Dr. Reza RADMANESH
his group's headquarters five times (and finally
Dr. Reza Radmanesh, secretary-general of
to print his propaganda in Europe) after the
the Tudeh Party since 1948, is a scientist
advent of Reza Shah, Pishevari and his com-
trained in Germany and France who held the
rades were finally, in 1930, sent to prison,
chair of electricity measurements in the Uni-
where they languished alone until the arrival
versity of Tehran's College of Engineering
BERCLASSIFIED
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"ocrText": "25\nsian Gulf until the general release of political\nof the Erani group enabled them to spread\nprisoners in 1941. A founding member of the\nthe gospel of revolution. Freed along with the\nTudeh Party, Ovanessian was elected to the\nothers in 1941, Pishevari was a member of the\nXIV Majlis as an Armenian representative in\nfounding nucleus of the Tudeh Party, although\n1944 and in the same year was named to the\nhe turned to publication of the \"independent\"\nTudeh Central Committee. In August 1945 he\npaper Ajir and avoided open contact with the\norganized a peasant rebellion in Azerbaijan\nparty until 1944, when (after turning down\nand later, after the Tehran police had found\none Tudeh offer) he agreed to run for the XIV\ndocuments implicating him in a plot against\nMajlis as the party's candidate from Tabriz.\nthe government, abandoned his position in the\nPishevari was elected but his credentials were\nMajlis, fled to Rasht, and eventually became\nsubsequently invalidated by the Majlis, and\nDirector General of Propaganda for the Azer-\nhe then turned to organization of the DPA in\nbaijan regime. When the Azerbaijan regime\nTabriz. He held the post of Prime Minister\ncollapsed he fled with Pishevari to the USSR,\nin the Azerbaijan National Government from\nand although he is believed to have returned\nits creation until June 1946, when a tentative\nto Iran in May 1947, he is probably in the\nagreement was reached between his regime\nUSSR at the present, allegedly working with\nand the Iranian Government. He thereafter\nthe Tudeh Secret Committee on liaison with\nconfined himself to de facto control of the gov-\nthe Soviets. He has been wanted by the Ira-\nernment and armed forces in Azerbaijan,\nnian police ever since the roundup of Tudeh\nthrough his role as DPA secretary-general,\nleaders in 1949 began and on 18 May was sen-\nuntil the collapse of the regime in December\ntenced to death, in absentia, by the Tehran\n1946 forced him to flee to Baku in the USSR.\nMilitary Court.\nAccording to an unconfirmed report by the\nIranian Consul in Baku in 1947, Pishevari was\nJa'far PISHEVARI\nsubsequently killed in an automobile accident,\nJa'far Pishevari, head of the short-lived\nbut as late as August 1948 the \"Free Azerbai-\nAzerbaijan Government and now allegedly\njan\" radio in the USSR was referring to him\nleader of \"Free Azerbaijan\" elements in the\nas prime minister of the \"Free Azerbaijan Gov-\nUSSR, has had a long and distinguished career\nernment.\"\nas a revolutionary. By his own account, he\nwas born in the Khalkhal district of Azerbaijan\nAhmad QASEMI\nin 1893, where he supported himself from the\nHead of the Tudeh Party's Publicity Section,\nage of twelve and was a voracious reader until\nthe journalist Ahmad Qasemi has been one\nhis entry into active political life at the age of\nof the most prolific writers in the Tudeh camp.\ntwenty. Editor of a paper called Horriyat\nHe first appeared in 1944 as a member of the\n(Liberty) during the war years, Pishevari\nInspection Commission. During 1945 he was\nclaims to have \"had an active part in the\nactive in the Gorgan area, where he worked\nliberation of the peoples of Russia\" and was\nwith the abortive officers' revolt at Mashhad.\nundoubtedly engaged in various Communist\nHe was named to the Central Committee in\nactivities of the period. When the Jangal\n1948 and was also a member of the Adminis-\nseparatist movement arose in Gilan during\ntrative Section and the Financial Commission.\n1920-21, Pishevari became an active writer and\nArrested with other Tudeh leaders in early\nspeaker, and he states that he was active in\n1949, Qasemi was sentenced on 22 April to ten\na number of other groups, including a union\nyears imprisonment.\nof 7,000 workers in Tehran, following the Jan-\ngal movement's suppression. Forced to change\nDr. Reza RADMANESH\nhis group's headquarters five times (and finally\nDr. Reza Radmanesh, secretary-general of\nto print his propaganda in Europe) after the\nthe Tudeh Party since 1948, is a scientist\nadvent of Reza Shah, Pishevari and his com-\ntrained in Germany and France who held the\nrades were finally, in 1930, sent to prison,\nchair of electricity measurements in the Uni-\nwhere they languished alone until the arrival\nversity of Tehran's College of Engineering\nBERCLASSIFIED"
}