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e. Zone of the Interior ground and air
about 186 miles. The product of tons and car
forces will require 9,700 tank cars for the
miles is 2,976 or 3,000 ton miles per loaded
transportation of POL or 34 percent of the
tank car per day. Inasmuch as the empty
total number. Here again the substantial
tank car movement will approximately equal
demands on transportation for supplying the
the loaded movement, the average effective
Far East are brought clearly to light, for 4,420
ton miles produced per tank car is 1,500 ton
tank cars or 46 percent of the total needed to
miles. The annual effective ton miles pro-
supply Zone of the Interior forces will have
duced per tank car will be 365 times the effec-
to be engaged in transportation to the Far
tive daily movement or 547,500 ton miles pro-
Eastern region.
duced per tank car yearly. The annual ton-
f. Method Used in Estimating Railroad
mile requirement for the distribution of POL
Transportation Requirements.
amounting to 15,502,680,000 ton miles was
(1) Annex "A" to this appendix sets out in
then to obtain the total tank car requirement
detail the POL requirements by types of prod-
of 28,320 cars. The same process was re-
ucts of each user, the economic region or re-
peated to obtain the requirement of 1,363 gen-
gions from which the POL will have to be
eral-purpose freight cars needed to transport
lubricants.
transported, the total number of ton miles
and cars required for each movement, and the
3.
Alternative Means of Transport for POL.
total transport burden measured in ton miles
and cars. Annex "B" is a map which pre-
a. An assumption in this paper is that POL
sents graphically the POL requirements by
would have highest transport priority. Under
campaigns and economic regions.
this assumption, therefore, it appears that the
(2) The ground force occupation needs
total requirement would move by railroad and
were computed on the basis of the number of
that all products would move by tank car ex-
refills estimated in JIG 278/6. Air force OC
cept lubricants in all instances unless the
cupation needs and ground and air force
movements were not economical. Neverthe-
needs within the Zone of Interior, were fur-
less, alternative means of transport are avail-
nished by the Joint Intelligence Group. The
able for some movements and it appears that
breakdown of Naval requirements by areas
in other instances packaging of products in
was prepared by the Ad Hoc Petroleum Distri-
addition to lubricants, particularly motor gas-
bution Committee.
oline, might be found to be more economical
(3) The location of refinery production by
than the exclusive use of tank cars.
economic regions was furnished by the CIA.
b. Study of the individual movements de-
(4) In computing the transport burden,
scribed in Annex "A" reveals that the follow-
the needs of each user for POL were filled
ing alternative means of transport might be
from available production closest to the user.
used:
Railroad mileages for each shipment were
(1) Column A can be supplied from Region
taken from the Soviet Railroad Timetable, ex-
IV via the Volga River as far as Moscow and
cept in cases where the locations of produc-
thence by rail or via the Volga to Leningrad
tion or consumption were not definitely estab-
and thence by tanker to German ports on the
lished. In such cases an average railroad
Baltic. Packaging facilities might be estab-
mileage figure was used.
lished either at the refineries or at the Volga
(5) In order to determine the total number
transshipment point. In either case the sav-
of tank cars the total annual transportation
ing would be 168 tank cars.
requirement measured in ton miles was di-
(2) Column D can be supplied via Black
vided by one-half the loaded ton miles that
Sea tankers and the Danube or by packaging
can be produced annually by each serviceable
either at the refineries or after traversing the
tank car. It is believed that the average ca-
Black Sea. Saving: 109 tank cars.
pacity of a tank car carrying petroleum prod-
(3) It is not likely that the advantages of
ucts in the USSR is approximately 16 tons and
speedy bulk shipments in tank cars will be de-
that the average car miles per car day will be
nied Columns B and C. However, the pipeline
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"ocrText": "42\nCOP SECRET\ne. Zone of the Interior ground and air\nabout 186 miles. The product of tons and car\nforces will require 9,700 tank cars for the\nmiles is 2,976 or 3,000 ton miles per loaded\ntransportation of POL or 34 percent of the\ntank car per day. Inasmuch as the empty\ntotal number. Here again the substantial\ntank car movement will approximately equal\ndemands on transportation for supplying the\nthe loaded movement, the average effective\nFar East are brought clearly to light, for 4,420\nton miles produced per tank car is 1,500 ton\ntank cars or 46 percent of the total needed to\nmiles. The annual effective ton miles pro-\nsupply Zone of the Interior forces will have\nduced per tank car will be 365 times the effec-\nto be engaged in transportation to the Far\ntive daily movement or 547,500 ton miles pro-\nEastern region.\nduced per tank car yearly. The annual ton-\nf. Method Used in Estimating Railroad\nmile requirement for the distribution of POL\nTransportation Requirements.\namounting to 15,502,680,000 ton miles was\n(1) Annex \"A\" to this appendix sets out in\nthen to obtain the total tank car requirement\ndetail the POL requirements by types of prod-\nof 28,320 cars. The same process was re-\nucts of each user, the economic region or re-\npeated to obtain the requirement of 1,363 gen-\ngions from which the POL will have to be\neral-purpose freight cars needed to transport\nlubricants.\ntransported, the total number of ton miles\nand cars required for each movement, and the\n3.\nAlternative Means of Transport for POL.\ntotal transport burden measured in ton miles\nand cars. Annex \"B\" is a map which pre-\na. An assumption in this paper is that POL\nsents graphically the POL requirements by\nwould have highest transport priority. Under\ncampaigns and economic regions.\nthis assumption, therefore, it appears that the\n(2) The ground force occupation needs\ntotal requirement would move by railroad and\nwere computed on the basis of the number of\nthat all products would move by tank car ex-\nrefills estimated in JIG 278/6. Air force OC\ncept lubricants in all instances unless the\ncupation needs and ground and air force\nmovements were not economical. Neverthe-\nneeds within the Zone of Interior, were fur-\nless, alternative means of transport are avail-\nnished by the Joint Intelligence Group. The\nable for some movements and it appears that\nbreakdown of Naval requirements by areas\nin other instances packaging of products in\nwas prepared by the Ad Hoc Petroleum Distri-\naddition to lubricants, particularly motor gas-\nbution Committee.\noline, might be found to be more economical\n(3) The location of refinery production by\nthan the exclusive use of tank cars.\neconomic regions was furnished by the CIA.\nb. Study of the individual movements de-\n(4) In computing the transport burden,\nscribed in Annex \"A\" reveals that the follow-\nthe needs of each user for POL were filled\ning alternative means of transport might be\nfrom available production closest to the user.\nused:\nRailroad mileages for each shipment were\n(1) Column A can be supplied from Region\ntaken from the Soviet Railroad Timetable, ex-\nIV via the Volga River as far as Moscow and\ncept in cases where the locations of produc-\nthence by rail or via the Volga to Leningrad\ntion or consumption were not definitely estab-\nand thence by tanker to German ports on the\nlished. In such cases an average railroad\nBaltic. Packaging facilities might be estab-\nmileage figure was used.\nlished either at the refineries or at the Volga\n(5) In order to determine the total number\ntransshipment point. In either case the sav-\nof tank cars the total annual transportation\ning would be 168 tank cars.\nrequirement measured in ton miles was di-\n(2) Column D can be supplied via Black\nvided by one-half the loaded ton miles that\nSea tankers and the Danube or by packaging\ncan be produced annually by each serviceable\neither at the refineries or after traversing the\ntank car. It is believed that the average ca-\nBlack Sea. Saving: 109 tank cars.\npacity of a tank car carrying petroleum prod-\n(3) It is not likely that the advantages of\nucts in the USSR is approximately 16 tons and\nspeedy bulk shipments in tank cars will be de-\nthat the average car miles per car day will be\nnied Columns B and C. However, the pipeline\nTOP SECRET"
}