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8
IV. IMPORTANT DEVELOPMENTS IN PAKISTAN SINCE AUGUST 15, 1947
Migrations and Refugee Problems
The distrust and hatred which form the background of Pakistan-Indian
relations were intensified by the communal riots and killings which flared
up in the Punjab and extended to New Delhi within the first week of parti-
tion. Both India and Pakistan suffered -- it is still a debatable ques-
as
tion which side suffered most -- but among the Muslims thousands were
killed and millions were uprooted and fled to Pakistan for safety. Hindu
and other non-Muslim businessmen and bankers left Pakistan, creating a
dislocation of Pakistan economy, and a refugee property problem was
created which still remains to be settled. The immediate task, however,
was to take care of the refugees. A Ministry of Refugees was set up,
refugee camps and rehabilitation centers were established, and the new
Government, which was itself still in the difficult process of formation,
dealt with the situation to the extent possible. It has since gone far
toward the final rehabilitation and resettlement of these displaced
persons.
Private American relief organizations (Church World Service, CARE,
American Friends Service Committee) have helped to ease the lot of the
refugees, and are still working among those who were displaced by the
fighting in Kashmir. They have received from Pakistan the greatest
courtesy and cooperation.
The more recent communal troubles in East Pakistan will be discussed
in a later paragraph dealing with Indo-Pakistan relations.
SECRET
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"ocrText": "SECRET\n8\nIV. IMPORTANT DEVELOPMENTS IN PAKISTAN SINCE AUGUST 15, 1947\nMigrations and Refugee Problems\nThe distrust and hatred which form the background of Pakistan-Indian\nrelations were intensified by the communal riots and killings which flared\nup in the Punjab and extended to New Delhi within the first week of parti-\ntion. Both India and Pakistan suffered -- it is still a debatable ques-\nas\ntion which side suffered most -- but among the Muslims thousands were\nkilled and millions were uprooted and fled to Pakistan for safety. Hindu\nand other non-Muslim businessmen and bankers left Pakistan, creating a\ndislocation of Pakistan economy, and a refugee property problem was\ncreated which still remains to be settled. The immediate task, however,\nwas to take care of the refugees. A Ministry of Refugees was set up,\nrefugee camps and rehabilitation centers were established, and the new\nGovernment, which was itself still in the difficult process of formation,\ndealt with the situation to the extent possible. It has since gone far\ntoward the final rehabilitation and resettlement of these displaced\npersons.\nPrivate American relief organizations (Church World Service, CARE,\nAmerican Friends Service Committee) have helped to ease the lot of the\nrefugees, and are still working among those who were displaced by the\nfighting in Kashmir. They have received from Pakistan the greatest\ncourtesy and cooperation.\nThe more recent communal troubles in East Pakistan will be discussed\nin a later paragraph dealing with Indo-Pakistan relations.\nSECRET"
}