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SECRET
13
V. THE KASHMIR PROBLEM
The absorption of more than 500 Princely States, which under the
British had been administered by various hereditary rulers, was one of
the more difficult problems which faced India and Pakistan following
partition. Most of them were absorbed without dispute. Kashmir is an
outstanding exception.
Bordering partly on India and partly on Pakistan, it had a Hindu
Maharajah, who looked toward India, while 75 percent of his subjects
were Muslims, whose religious and political affinity was with Pakistan.
Shortly after partition an armed revolt against the Maharajah arose
among Muslims in Western Kashmir, and there were incursions, in aid of
the revolt, of Muslim tribesmen from the Northwest Frontier Province.
The Maharajah executed an act of accession to India and asked that Indian
troops be sent to put down the revolt. India accepted the accession,
sent troops, and fighting continued on an increasing scale.
Reference to Security Council
At this juncture India referred the dispute to the Security Council,
which immediately called upon the parties to do nothing which would ag- -
gravate the situation. Notwithstanding this admonition, Pakistan sent
its regular troops into Western Kashmir, adjacent to the Pakistan border,
failed to notify the Security Council of this action, and it was not
until the arrival on the subcontinent (July 1948) of the United Nation
Commission appointed to deal with the dispute that the Security Council
became officially aware of the move. Pakistan explained to the Commission
that this action had been necessary to prevent an Indian fait accompli
in the State, to halt the influx of refugees entering Pakistan from the
SECRET
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"ocrText": "SECRET\n13\nV. THE KASHMIR PROBLEM\nThe absorption of more than 500 Princely States, which under the\nBritish had been administered by various hereditary rulers, was one of\nthe more difficult problems which faced India and Pakistan following\npartition. Most of them were absorbed without dispute. Kashmir is an\noutstanding exception.\nBordering partly on India and partly on Pakistan, it had a Hindu\nMaharajah, who looked toward India, while 75 percent of his subjects\nwere Muslims, whose religious and political affinity was with Pakistan.\nShortly after partition an armed revolt against the Maharajah arose\namong Muslims in Western Kashmir, and there were incursions, in aid of\nthe revolt, of Muslim tribesmen from the Northwest Frontier Province.\nThe Maharajah executed an act of accession to India and asked that Indian\ntroops be sent to put down the revolt. India accepted the accession,\nsent troops, and fighting continued on an increasing scale.\nReference to Security Council\nAt this juncture India referred the dispute to the Security Council,\nwhich immediately called upon the parties to do nothing which would ag- -\ngravate the situation. Notwithstanding this admonition, Pakistan sent\nits regular troops into Western Kashmir, adjacent to the Pakistan border,\nfailed to notify the Security Council of this action, and it was not\nuntil the arrival on the subcontinent (July 1948) of the United Nation\nCommission appointed to deal with the dispute that the Security Council\nbecame officially aware of the move. Pakistan explained to the Commission\nthat this action had been necessary to prevent an Indian fait accompli\nin the State, to halt the influx of refugees entering Pakistan from the\nSECRET"
}