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6 SECRET rent dollar payments deficits. Although the about 70 percent was Dutch before World War Netherlands has retained its international II. This need for foreign capital will cer- creditor position in the postwar period, total tainly continue for many years because of current revenues accruing to the Netherlands the low level of Indonesian private saving. from interest, dividends, and profits from It is probable, therefore, that a large sector of abroad are lower than in prewar years, and the economy will be permitted to remain in probably will be reduced further as additional foreign hands for a considerable period. foreign loans are obtained. Netherlands trading and financial interests Under the provisions of The Hague Agree- constitute an integral part of the Indonesian ments, Netherlands investors retained their economy, and although there has been some holdings in Indonesia after independence was effort on the part of the Indonesian Govern- granted, and the change in juridical status ment to promote the interests of Indonesian had, of itself, little immediate effect on the traders, it probably would take years for these value or earnings of Netherlands investments. newcomers to compete effectively. The politi- Discrimination against Dutch investments is cal and economic uncertainties which Indo- forbidden by treaty. There has been no na- nesian independence has brought will tend, tionalization of basic industries, although the at least for the present, to discourage Dutch inter-island airlines have been brought under investors from initiating new enterprises, even Government control, and similar controls are if capital is available. Investments probably anticipated with regard to inter-island ship- will be confined to existing enterprises to re- ping. Present conditions in Indonesia are not store normal production. such as to encourage new Dutch investments. Political uncertainty and continuation of Dutch Budgetary Expenditures. sporadic lawlessness have had an adverse ef- Because of expenses assumed as a result of fect on the development of Dutch investment Indonesian independence, the Netherlands and profits. Moreover, the Indonesian Gov- 1950 budget deficit, originally 410 million ernment in March 1950: (1) reduced liquid guilders, has been increased by about 160 mil- assets by 50 percent through a currency con- lion guilders. After 1950 there will be re- version; and (2) introduced foreign exchange duced expenditures, however, particularly on measures which resulted in tripling the cost the training, supplying, and transport of of imports for rehabilitation and expansion troops to Indonesia, items which entailed large purposes and in increasing the cost of remit- expenses in previous years. (Expenditures ting dividends abroad. At the same time, for Dutch troops actually in Indonesia were however, these new regulations stimulated the in the past borne largely by the Dutch-con- export of Indonesian raw materials, a large trolled Indonesian Government.) If the proportion of which are derived from Dutch- Netherlands retains control of New Guinea, owned properties and therefore served to main- future capital expenditures for the economic tain the level of Dutch earnings. No serious development of the area and the expansion of reduction in profits is expected to result in military installations probably will be in- the near future from the wage rises granted creased, offsetting to a certain extent the re- since independence, because export prices on duction in expenses for Indonesia. By its can- such essential items as rubber and tin have cellation of 2 billion guilders of the Indonesian increased considerably owing to the rearm- debt, the Netherlands will sustain an annual ament needs of the West. The Indonesian loss of roughly 110 to 125 million guilders in Government aims eventually to institute state interest and amortization, assuming the debt control of the privately-owned public utilities would have been retired over a 25-year period and transportation systems, and possibly of as the Netherlands Government had proposed other vital branches of production and natural before this cancellation. resources. These developments will cause future difficulties for Dutch investments. Invisible Payments and the Indonesian Debt. The Indonesians, however, depend to a great Postwar earnings from Dutch loans to In- extent upon foreign investment, of which donesia and from investments in the Archipel- SECRET ARCHIVES NATIONAL AND

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    "ocrText": "6\nSECRET\nrent dollar payments deficits. Although the\nabout 70 percent was Dutch before World War\nNetherlands has retained its international\nII. This need for foreign capital will cer-\ncreditor position in the postwar period, total\ntainly continue for many years because of\ncurrent revenues accruing to the Netherlands\nthe low level of Indonesian private saving.\nfrom interest, dividends, and profits from\nIt is probable, therefore, that a large sector of\nabroad are lower than in prewar years, and\nthe economy will be permitted to remain in\nprobably will be reduced further as additional\nforeign hands for a considerable period.\nforeign loans are obtained.\nNetherlands trading and financial interests\nUnder the provisions of The Hague Agree-\nconstitute an integral part of the Indonesian\nments, Netherlands investors retained their\neconomy, and although there has been some\nholdings in Indonesia after independence was\neffort on the part of the Indonesian Govern-\ngranted, and the change in juridical status\nment to promote the interests of Indonesian\nhad, of itself, little immediate effect on the\ntraders, it probably would take years for these\nvalue or earnings of Netherlands investments.\nnewcomers to compete effectively. The politi-\nDiscrimination against Dutch investments is\ncal and economic uncertainties which Indo-\nforbidden by treaty. There has been no na-\nnesian independence has brought will tend,\ntionalization of basic industries, although the\nat least for the present, to discourage Dutch\ninter-island airlines have been brought under\ninvestors from initiating new enterprises, even\nGovernment control, and similar controls are\nif capital is available. Investments probably\nanticipated with regard to inter-island ship-\nwill be confined to existing enterprises to re-\nping. Present conditions in Indonesia are not\nstore normal production.\nsuch as to encourage new Dutch investments.\nPolitical uncertainty and continuation of\nDutch Budgetary Expenditures.\nsporadic lawlessness have had an adverse ef-\nBecause of expenses assumed as a result of\nfect on the development of Dutch investment\nIndonesian independence, the Netherlands\nand profits. Moreover, the Indonesian Gov-\n1950 budget deficit, originally 410 million\nernment in March 1950: (1) reduced liquid\nguilders, has been increased by about 160 mil-\nassets by 50 percent through a currency con-\nlion guilders. After 1950 there will be re-\nversion; and (2) introduced foreign exchange\nduced expenditures, however, particularly on\nmeasures which resulted in tripling the cost\nthe training, supplying, and transport of\nof imports for rehabilitation and expansion\ntroops to Indonesia, items which entailed large\npurposes and in increasing the cost of remit-\nexpenses in previous years. (Expenditures\nting dividends abroad. At the same time,\nfor Dutch troops actually in Indonesia were\nhowever, these new regulations stimulated the\nin the past borne largely by the Dutch-con-\nexport of Indonesian raw materials, a large\ntrolled Indonesian Government.) If the\nproportion of which are derived from Dutch-\nNetherlands retains control of New Guinea,\nowned properties and therefore served to main-\nfuture capital expenditures for the economic\ntain the level of Dutch earnings. No serious\ndevelopment of the area and the expansion of\nreduction in profits is expected to result in\nmilitary installations probably will be in-\nthe near future from the wage rises granted\ncreased, offsetting to a certain extent the re-\nsince independence, because export prices on\nduction in expenses for Indonesia. By its can-\nsuch essential items as rubber and tin have\ncellation of 2 billion guilders of the Indonesian\nincreased considerably owing to the rearm-\ndebt, the Netherlands will sustain an annual\nament needs of the West. The Indonesian\nloss of roughly 110 to 125 million guilders in\nGovernment aims eventually to institute state\ninterest and amortization, assuming the debt\ncontrol of the privately-owned public utilities\nwould have been retired over a 25-year period\nand transportation systems, and possibly of\nas the Netherlands Government had proposed\nother vital branches of production and natural\nbefore this cancellation.\nresources. These developments will cause\nfuture difficulties for Dutch investments.\nInvisible Payments and the Indonesian Debt.\nThe Indonesians, however, depend to a great\nPostwar earnings from Dutch loans to In-\nextent upon foreign investment, of which\ndonesia and from investments in the Archipel-\nSECRET\nARCHIVES\nNATIONAL\nAND"
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