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The twenty-four principal ports of Spain, the leading five of which have been
identified on the accompanying communications map, are listed below:
a.
Ports of Northern Spain.
Port Pasajes: Nearest harbor to the Franco-Spanish frontier and the safest
anchorage between Bordeaux and Bilbao. Its importance is largely due to the fact
that it is the commercial port for San Sebastian.
Bilbao: The best seaport in northern Spain. Located on the banks of the
Nervion River at the point where the river leaves a deep, narrow gorge and enters upon
the fairly flat floor of a steep-sided trough about 8 miles from the sea.
Santander: The best natural harbor on the Cantabrian coast.
Gijon: Also located on a natural bay. Inland from this port are the rich
mining and metallurgical industries centering on Oviedo. Shipbuilding center.
El Musel: Constructed on the northwestern side of Gijon bay as a harbor of
refuge for shipping that could not enter Gijon.
Aviles: Little more than a fishing harbor until it became a port for coastwise
shipment of coal from the Oviedo mines.
b. Ports of Galicia.
El Ferrol: One of the best harbors in Spain. It is the chief naval base in
Spain, and its shipyards undertake the refitting of battleships and of the larger vessels
of the Spanish merchant marine. El Ferrol is unimportant commercially.
La Coruña:* This port was seriously affected in 1898 by the loss of Cuba
and Puerto Rico, since most of its trade had been with those colonies. Since that
time, however, new quays and a maritime station have been built and there are plans
afoot to make La Coruña a port for trans-Atlantic liner traffic. Tonnage imported
and exported is small; its chief importance is as a bunkering port and as a port for
emigrants and mails destined for South America.
Villagarcía: Essentially a small port with a considerable fishing industry.
Pontevedra and Marin: Fishing ports which, since 1921, have acquired more
than local importance by the founding of a naval college and base. Trade is unim-
portant.
Vigo: * A fine, natural harbor. Vigo bay stretches inland for about 19 miles.
An historical harbor of refuge and a fishing port until the twentieth century, when
it became an important point of call for trans-Atlantic vessels.
C. Ports of Andalusia.
Huelva: Ten miles inland on the river Odiel. Harbor in southern Spain
nearest to the Americas and to the fisheries of southwestern Iberia.
Sevilla: Located 54 miles from the Atlantic Ocean on the Guadalquivir River,
navigable to that point by ships of 20-foot draught.
Cadíz: Chief industry around Cadíz is shipbuilding. The port has been the
site of a naval arsenal since Roman times. Severe damage to the arsenal and am-
munition factory and adjacent area resulted from explosion of undetermined origin
* Indicated on map.
SECRET
66
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"ocrText": "The twenty-four principal ports of Spain, the leading five of which have been\nidentified on the accompanying communications map, are listed below:\na.\nPorts of Northern Spain.\nPort Pasajes: Nearest harbor to the Franco-Spanish frontier and the safest\nanchorage between Bordeaux and Bilbao. Its importance is largely due to the fact\nthat it is the commercial port for San Sebastian.\nBilbao: The best seaport in northern Spain. Located on the banks of the\nNervion River at the point where the river leaves a deep, narrow gorge and enters upon\nthe fairly flat floor of a steep-sided trough about 8 miles from the sea.\nSantander: The best natural harbor on the Cantabrian coast.\nGijon: Also located on a natural bay. Inland from this port are the rich\nmining and metallurgical industries centering on Oviedo. Shipbuilding center.\nEl Musel: Constructed on the northwestern side of Gijon bay as a harbor of\nrefuge for shipping that could not enter Gijon.\nAviles: Little more than a fishing harbor until it became a port for coastwise\nshipment of coal from the Oviedo mines.\nb. Ports of Galicia.\nEl Ferrol: One of the best harbors in Spain. It is the chief naval base in\nSpain, and its shipyards undertake the refitting of battleships and of the larger vessels\nof the Spanish merchant marine. El Ferrol is unimportant commercially.\nLa Coruña:* This port was seriously affected in 1898 by the loss of Cuba\nand Puerto Rico, since most of its trade had been with those colonies. Since that\ntime, however, new quays and a maritime station have been built and there are plans\nafoot to make La Coruña a port for trans-Atlantic liner traffic. Tonnage imported\nand exported is small; its chief importance is as a bunkering port and as a port for\nemigrants and mails destined for South America.\nVillagarcía: Essentially a small port with a considerable fishing industry.\nPontevedra and Marin: Fishing ports which, since 1921, have acquired more\nthan local importance by the founding of a naval college and base. Trade is unim-\nportant.\nVigo: * A fine, natural harbor. Vigo bay stretches inland for about 19 miles.\nAn historical harbor of refuge and a fishing port until the twentieth century, when\nit became an important point of call for trans-Atlantic vessels.\nC. Ports of Andalusia.\nHuelva: Ten miles inland on the river Odiel. Harbor in southern Spain\nnearest to the Americas and to the fisheries of southwestern Iberia.\nSevilla: Located 54 miles from the Atlantic Ocean on the Guadalquivir River,\nnavigable to that point by ships of 20-foot draught.\nCadíz: Chief industry around Cadíz is shipbuilding. The port has been the\nsite of a naval arsenal since Roman times. Severe damage to the arsenal and am-\nmunition factory and adjacent area resulted from explosion of undetermined origin\n* Indicated on map.\nSECRET\n66"
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