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government in September 1923 from the constitutional prime minister.
This marked the end of the parliamentary system established by the
Constitution of 1875. Hitherto during his reign, Alfonso, an inter-
fering, rather astute authoritarian politician, had had thirty-three
ministries. Alfonso's refusal to summon a new Cortes three months
after the coup d'état opened him to the charge of having violated
his coronation oath.
The Primo de Rivera dictatorship had a certain success. During
the world boom Spain was prosperous. New highways were built. Like
Mussolini, Primo de Rivera got the trains to run on time. With the
military help of the French he made peace in Morocco. Being a dic-
tator, he handled Spain's fundamental problems by eliminating
opposition criticism and imprisoning subversive elements. The
great CNT anarcho-syndicalist trade union, for example, formally
dissolving itself in anticipation of forcible suppression, main-
tained its existence only in secrecy.
But although this Andalusian general had a flamboyance and
moral laxness that somewhat endeared him to the people, he had no
constructive political ideas. The intellectuals attacked and ridi-
culed him. The Spanish Army upon which he `relied was no proper
vehicle, with its deplorable record in Morocco, for governing a
--8-mm
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"ocrText": "RESTRICTED\ngovernment in September 1923 from the constitutional prime minister.\nThis marked the end of the parliamentary system established by the\nConstitution of 1875. Hitherto during his reign, Alfonso, an inter-\nfering, rather astute authoritarian politician, had had thirty-three\nministries. Alfonso's refusal to summon a new Cortes three months\nafter the coup d'état opened him to the charge of having violated\nhis coronation oath.\nThe Primo de Rivera dictatorship had a certain success. During\nthe world boom Spain was prosperous. New highways were built. Like\nMussolini, Primo de Rivera got the trains to run on time. With the\nmilitary help of the French he made peace in Morocco. Being a dic-\ntator, he handled Spain's fundamental problems by eliminating\nopposition criticism and imprisoning subversive elements. The\ngreat CNT anarcho-syndicalist trade union, for example, formally\ndissolving itself in anticipation of forcible suppression, main-\ntained its existence only in secrecy.\nBut although this Andalusian general had a flamboyance and\nmoral laxness that somewhat endeared him to the people, he had no\nconstructive political ideas. The intellectuals attacked and ridi-\nculed him. The Spanish Army upon which he `relied was no proper\nvehicle, with its deplorable record in Morocco, for governing a\n--8-mm\nRESTRICTED"
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