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TABLE IIb
LIVESTOCK NUMBERS IN 1948 COMPARED WITH 1947, 1946 and 1930-39 AVERAGE
(in thousands of head at beginning of year)
Average
1930-39
1946
1947
1948
Sheep
9,736
6,799
7,100
10,938
Cattle & Buffalo
3,709
3,328
3,113
4,277
Hogs
2,430
1,389
1,384
1,459
Horses
1,500
857
787
939
Goats
371
201
238
571
Poultry
28,197
14,011
11,932
15,918
TOTAL, excluding Poultry
17,746
12,574
12,622
18,184
(2) Fisheries.
mania's forest products together with domes-
Fishing plays a minor economic role, but
tic requirements, will prevent an early reali-
zation of this balance.
is capable of development. On the Black Sea
Rumania's potential sawmill capacity is far
coast and the Danube it is controlled by the
in excess of the nation's actual production,
State Fisheries Administration. There is also
some fishing in inland waters. Before the
despite deterioration of equipment.
war, the domestic catch of nearly 20,000 metric
(4) Government Controls.
tons was supplemented by imports of 4,000
The Groza Government and the USSR have
metric tons. The 1947 catch was reported to
used the postwar food shortage to advance
be less than one-third of the prewar figure.
their political aims, through the forced collec-
(3) Forestry.
tion and controlled distribution of produce to
Rumania's forests are one of its most im-
those supporting the regime. The danger of
portant natural resources, contributing a large
hunger riots during the drought years served
to excuse increased police controls now being
part of the nation's requirements for fuel and
used to enforce the collection program. In
all of its requirements for constructional lum-
addition to contributing to the general eco-
ber. In prewar years, timber exports took
nomic deterioration of the country, the food
third place following grain and oil. The tim-
ber industry was overexpanded, however, in
shortage has also served as another Com-
relation to normal yield of the forests. Over
munist weapon against those who oppose eco-
nomic controls. It will undoubtedly be used
many years, up to the outbreak of the war,
there was overcutting of the forests. The ex-
to justify the collectivization of agriculture,
cessive demands of the war years served to
despite peasant opposition.
Although collectivization of agriculture in
aggravate the situation.
Rumania has not yet taken place, legal sanc-
Forests cover about 20 percent of Rumania.
tions have been provided in the new constitu-
On a per capita basis, the forest acreage is
tion and administrative steps have been taken.
slightly below the European average.
The latter include the establishment of co-
Exploitation of Rumania's forest resources
is even now exceeding the prewar average. To
operatives controlling production and market-
counteract this, the government has drafted
ing; agricultural machinery stations; state
farms created from the confiscated estates of
a five-year reforestation program which in-
Germans, wealthy landowners and former no-
volves the planting of trees on 3 million hec-
tares. While this plan appears overly am-
bility; forced collection systems which reduce
bitious, some balance between growth and cut-
the amount of produce for sale on the open
tings may result in the distant future; how-
market; and government control of the farm
ever, continued heavy Soviet demands for Ru-
credit. These controls, in a situation where
S
ECRET
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"ocrText": "SECRED\n17\nTABLE IIb\nLIVESTOCK NUMBERS IN 1948 COMPARED WITH 1947, 1946 and 1930-39 AVERAGE\n(in thousands of head at beginning of year)\nAverage\n1930-39\n1946\n1947\n1948\nSheep\n9,736\n6,799\n7,100\n10,938\nCattle & Buffalo\n3,709\n3,328\n3,113\n4,277\nHogs\n2,430\n1,389\n1,384\n1,459\nHorses\n1,500\n857\n787\n939\nGoats\n371\n201\n238\n571\nPoultry\n28,197\n14,011\n11,932\n15,918\nTOTAL, excluding Poultry\n17,746\n12,574\n12,622\n18,184\n(2) Fisheries.\nmania's forest products together with domes-\nFishing plays a minor economic role, but\ntic requirements, will prevent an early reali-\nzation of this balance.\nis capable of development. On the Black Sea\nRumania's potential sawmill capacity is far\ncoast and the Danube it is controlled by the\nin excess of the nation's actual production,\nState Fisheries Administration. There is also\nsome fishing in inland waters. Before the\ndespite deterioration of equipment.\nwar, the domestic catch of nearly 20,000 metric\n(4) Government Controls.\ntons was supplemented by imports of 4,000\nThe Groza Government and the USSR have\nmetric tons. The 1947 catch was reported to\nused the postwar food shortage to advance\nbe less than one-third of the prewar figure.\ntheir political aims, through the forced collec-\n(3) Forestry.\ntion and controlled distribution of produce to\nRumania's forests are one of its most im-\nthose supporting the regime. The danger of\nportant natural resources, contributing a large\nhunger riots during the drought years served\nto excuse increased police controls now being\npart of the nation's requirements for fuel and\nused to enforce the collection program. In\nall of its requirements for constructional lum-\naddition to contributing to the general eco-\nber. In prewar years, timber exports took\nnomic deterioration of the country, the food\nthird place following grain and oil. The tim-\nber industry was overexpanded, however, in\nshortage has also served as another Com-\nrelation to normal yield of the forests. Over\nmunist weapon against those who oppose eco-\nnomic controls. It will undoubtedly be used\nmany years, up to the outbreak of the war,\nthere was overcutting of the forests. The ex-\nto justify the collectivization of agriculture,\ncessive demands of the war years served to\ndespite peasant opposition.\nAlthough collectivization of agriculture in\naggravate the situation.\nRumania has not yet taken place, legal sanc-\nForests cover about 20 percent of Rumania.\ntions have been provided in the new constitu-\nOn a per capita basis, the forest acreage is\ntion and administrative steps have been taken.\nslightly below the European average.\nThe latter include the establishment of co-\nExploitation of Rumania's forest resources\nis even now exceeding the prewar average. To\noperatives controlling production and market-\ncounteract this, the government has drafted\ning; agricultural machinery stations; state\nfarms created from the confiscated estates of\na five-year reforestation program which in-\nGermans, wealthy landowners and former no-\nvolves the planting of trees on 3 million hec-\ntares. While this plan appears overly am-\nbility; forced collection systems which reduce\nbitious, some balance between growth and cut-\nthe amount of produce for sale on the open\ntings may result in the distant future; how-\nmarket; and government control of the farm\never, continued heavy Soviet demands for Ru-\ncredit. These controls, in a situation where\nS\nECRET"
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