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40
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in order that this surplus may be conserved
areas of the United Kingdom and the principal
for home consumption.
commodities which each produces are as
During the war, the drafting of the younger
follows:
men into the navy and the commandeering
Greater London:
clothing, furniture, chemi-
of most of the boats for war service reduced
cal, electrical machinery,
the annual catch to less than one-third of
scientific instruments
Birmingham:
ferrous and non-ferrous
peacetime amounts. The catch for 1948 was
metals products, pottery
a little over one million tons which is about
Liverpool-Manchester:
cotton textiles, machinery,
the prewar average for 1935-38.
chemicals, ships
The British fishing industry is still some-
Yorkshire and adjoin-
woolen and worsted tex-
ing area:
tiles, coal and iron
what undermanned, showing an estimated em-
(smelting and rolling)
ployment of 37,000 men in 1948 as compared
Northumberland, Dur-
ships, coal, iron and steel
to 40,000 prewar. Efforts are being made to
ham, Westmoreland
increase the rate of catch by intensive mod-
area:
South Wales:
ernization of ships and tackle. By 1952 about
mining, coal, copper, tin-
plate, iron (smelting and
80 new trawlers will be in commission; this
rolling)
should result in landings well above prewar
Scotland:
coal, iron and steel, ships,
and expand output by about $32 millions per
woolen and worsted
year. New factories planned by the herring
goods, jute products
Northern Ireland:
industry for the production of herring oil and
shipbuilding, linen
meal will also be in operation. In an effort
British industry emerged from the war
to prevent overfishing of the home waters the
handicapped in its efforts at reconversion to
majority of the new vessels will be of long
peacetime pursuits by shortages, in many in-
range, designed for fishing in other areas.
stances, of manpower, of coal and steel and
power, and by maladjustments in the indus-
6. Industry.
trial organization of the country that have in-
a. General.
terfered with the regular flow of materials and
The traditional or basic British industries
component parts through successive stages in
have long been those of coal mining, steel
the production process. The obsolescence of
working, the fabrication of cotton and woolen
plant is a further hindrance which has already
textiles, shipbuilding, engineering, and the
been referred to. In spite of these difficulties,
construction of machinery in general. More
however, progress in raising production has
recent additions to the industrial field, which
been good, particularly in 1948, and in many
are rapidly growing in importance, are those
instances is well above prewar. The physical
of the electrical and vehicle groups, and the
output of important products as compared
chemical industry. The major industrial
with 1938 is set out in the following table:
1948 as a
percentage
1948
1938
1947
1948
of
prewar
Targets
Coal (millions of tons)
266
197
208
78
211
Steel ingots and castings (millions of tons)
13*
12.5
14.9
112
14.6
Passengers cars (thousands)
341
287
328
96
300**
Commercial vehicles (thousands)
104
155
170
164
144**
Railway freight cars (thousands)
29
38
42
143
48
Agricultural tractors (thousands)
10
58
117
1,169
Cotton yarn (millions of lbs)
1,356*
740
890
66
900
Cotton fabric (millions of yds)
3,640*
1,620
1,880
52
Worsted yarn (millions of lbs)
224*
154
184
82
190
Wool cloth (millions of linear yds)
233
267
290
Rayon cloth (millions of lbs)
135
203
233
173
255
1937
Derived as annual rate for fourth quarter of 1948.
Source: Monthly Digest of Statistics.
SECRET
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"ocrText": "40\nECRET\nin order that this surplus may be conserved\nareas of the United Kingdom and the principal\nfor home consumption.\ncommodities which each produces are as\nDuring the war, the drafting of the younger\nfollows:\nmen into the navy and the commandeering\nGreater London:\nclothing, furniture, chemi-\nof most of the boats for war service reduced\ncal, electrical machinery,\nthe annual catch to less than one-third of\nscientific instruments\nBirmingham:\nferrous and non-ferrous\npeacetime amounts. The catch for 1948 was\nmetals products, pottery\na little over one million tons which is about\nLiverpool-Manchester:\ncotton textiles, machinery,\nthe prewar average for 1935-38.\nchemicals, ships\nThe British fishing industry is still some-\nYorkshire and adjoin-\nwoolen and worsted tex-\ning area:\ntiles, coal and iron\nwhat undermanned, showing an estimated em-\n(smelting and rolling)\nployment of 37,000 men in 1948 as compared\nNorthumberland, Dur-\nships, coal, iron and steel\nto 40,000 prewar. Efforts are being made to\nham, Westmoreland\nincrease the rate of catch by intensive mod-\narea:\nSouth Wales:\nernization of ships and tackle. By 1952 about\nmining, coal, copper, tin-\nplate, iron (smelting and\n80 new trawlers will be in commission; this\nrolling)\nshould result in landings well above prewar\nScotland:\ncoal, iron and steel, ships,\nand expand output by about $32 millions per\nwoolen and worsted\nyear. New factories planned by the herring\ngoods, jute products\nNorthern Ireland:\nindustry for the production of herring oil and\nshipbuilding, linen\nmeal will also be in operation. In an effort\nBritish industry emerged from the war\nto prevent overfishing of the home waters the\nhandicapped in its efforts at reconversion to\nmajority of the new vessels will be of long\npeacetime pursuits by shortages, in many in-\nrange, designed for fishing in other areas.\nstances, of manpower, of coal and steel and\npower, and by maladjustments in the indus-\n6. Industry.\ntrial organization of the country that have in-\na. General.\nterfered with the regular flow of materials and\nThe traditional or basic British industries\ncomponent parts through successive stages in\nhave long been those of coal mining, steel\nthe production process. The obsolescence of\nworking, the fabrication of cotton and woolen\nplant is a further hindrance which has already\ntextiles, shipbuilding, engineering, and the\nbeen referred to. In spite of these difficulties,\nconstruction of machinery in general. More\nhowever, progress in raising production has\nrecent additions to the industrial field, which\nbeen good, particularly in 1948, and in many\nare rapidly growing in importance, are those\ninstances is well above prewar. The physical\nof the electrical and vehicle groups, and the\noutput of important products as compared\nchemical industry. The major industrial\nwith 1938 is set out in the following table:\n1948 as a\npercentage\n1948\n1938\n1947\n1948\nof\nprewar\nTargets\nCoal (millions of tons)\n266\n197\n208\n78\n211\nSteel ingots and castings (millions of tons)\n13*\n12.5\n14.9\n112\n14.6\nPassengers cars (thousands)\n341\n287\n328\n96\n300**\nCommercial vehicles (thousands)\n104\n155\n170\n164\n144**\nRailway freight cars (thousands)\n29\n38\n42\n143\n48\nAgricultural tractors (thousands)\n10\n58\n117\n1,169\nCotton yarn (millions of lbs)\n1,356*\n740\n890\n66\n900\nCotton fabric (millions of yds)\n3,640*\n1,620\n1,880\n52\nWorsted yarn (millions of lbs)\n224*\n154\n184\n82\n190\nWool cloth (millions of linear yds)\n233\n267\n290\nRayon cloth (millions of lbs)\n135\n203\n233\n173\n255\n1937\nDerived as annual rate for fourth quarter of 1948.\nSource: Monthly Digest of Statistics.\nSECRET"
}