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    "localId": "486500738",
    "label": "Report, Central Intelligence Agency, Portugal, Situation Report 31",
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    "title": "Report, Central Intelligence Agency, Portugal, Situation Report 31",
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        "President's Secretary's Files (Truman Administration)",
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    "productionDates": [
        {
            "day": 13,
            "logicalDate": "1949-10-13",
            "month": 10,
            "year": 1949
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    "seq": 21,
    "pageIndex": 0,
    "type": "photo",
    "url": "https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/presidential-libraries/truman/hst-psf/602196/875512/875512-02-021.tif",
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    "ocrText": "SECRET\n17\nThe armaments industry is mainly re-\nThe principal export items are wines,\nstricted to the manufacture of ammunition\ncanned sardines, and cork, and (since World\nand powder, and is very small.\nWar II) cotton textiles, naval stores, and\nPortugal's chemical industry is concerned\ntimber.\nprimarily with the manufacture of sulphuric\nPortugal's balance of trade is, as the follow-\nacid. The Companhia Uniao Fabril, largest\ning table indicates, \"adverse,\" but receipts\nindustrial unit in Portugal, is the chief man-\nfrom emigrant remittances, income from for-\nufacturer of chemicals. This company,\neign and colonial investments, profits from\nlocated at Lisbon, produces principally super-\nmiscellaneous services, and capital transfers\nphosphates and sulphate of copper, the latter\nhave tended in the past to compensate for the\nin sufficient quantity to meet domestic de-\nimport surplus. In this respect, now that few\nmand for use as a fungicide and insecticide\nnational currencies are freely convertible,\nin the vineyards.\nmuch of current \"invisible\" receipts is of more\nThere are two shipyards at Lisbon, the new\nlimited utility. Taking this fact in conjunc-\nnaval yard and another yard, which is owned\ntion with the low productivity of industry, the\nby the Port of Lisbon Authority and leased to\nrelatively great dependence upon exports of\na private company. The latter yard is capa-\nhigh cost luxury goods, and the dissipation of\nble of building ships of up to 8,000 tons.\na considerable part of the foreign exchange\nWooden fishing vessels are built at several\nand gold reserves built up during the war\nshipyards in north Portugal.\nyears, it appears likely that current foreign\nIndustrial unemployment caused by fluctu-\nobligations, particularly dollar obligations,\nations in business activity is not a major prob-\nwill be met only with difficulty in future.\nlem because of the comparatively small num-\nPrior to World War II, Portugal's foreign\nber of people engaged in industrial occupa-\ntrade was primarily with its colonies and with\ntions. More serious industrial problems are\nEurope; trade with the US amounted to less\nthe relatively high proportion of persons\nthan 10 percent of the total. After 1945,\nsporadically or permanently unemployable\nPortuguese trade with the US improved under\nbecause of disease, and the low productivity\nthe stimulus of large dollar balances built up\nof workers, caused by lack of machine equip-\nduring the war. In future, however, trade\nment, illiteracy, lack of training, undernour-\nwith US will probably revert to approximately\nishment, and physical debility. There is con-\nthe prewar level, as will trade with the col-\nsiderable discontent among the laboring\nonies and European trading partners.\nclasses, and strikes, although prohibited by\nlaw, occasionally take place. Strike leaders\nContinental Portugal: Foreign Trade Balance\nare usually deported promptly to the Cape\nVerde concentration camp.\nSurplus\nYear\nThe bulk of the larger industrial estab-\nExports\nImports\nDeficit\nlishments are concentrated around Lisbon\n(in millions\nof escudos)\nand Oporto, the two principal cities. There\n1936\n1,030\n1,999\n969\nis a notable dispersion of small factories\n1937\n1,205\n2,365\n-1,160\nthroughout the country, as most industries\n1938\n1,146\n2,306\n-1,160\noperate on a very limited local basis.\n1939\n1,339\n2,081\n- 742\n1940\n1,638\n2,583\n945\nd. Foreign Trade and Exchange.\n1941\n2,973\n2,487\n+ 486\nPortugal depends almost completely on im-\n1942\n3,939\n2,480\n+1,459\nports for manufactured products, as well as\n1943\n4,035\n3,341\n+ 694\nfor crude iron and steel, petroleum products,\n1944\n3,166\n3,290\n- 124\nand raw cotton. Imports of coal are also\n1945\n3,237\n4,056\n819\nimportant and, as a result of bad harvests,\n1946\n4,587\n6,860\n-2,273\nthere have been heavy imports of foodstuffs\n1947\n4,307\n9,462\n-5,155\nin recent years.\n1948\n4,290\n10,300\n-6,010\nSECRET"
}