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SECRET APPENDIX F CHRONOLOGY OF SIGNIFICANT EVENTS 2nd C. B.C.-4th C. Roman occupation (Province of Lusitania). A.D. 5th C. Swabian Kingdom of Portugal. 6th C. Visigothic Kingdom of Spain and Portugal. 711-712 Islamic occupation of the Iberian Peninsula. 8th C.-11th C. County of Portugal included in Spanish territory as reconquest of the peninsula from the Moors progressed southward. 1128 D. Afonso I defeats Spanish armies and becomes first King of Portugal, hitherto a Spanish county. 1147 Lisbon recaptured from Moors, a turning point in the reconquest. 1249 Moors finally expelled from all of Portugal. 1385 Victory of Aljubarrota over the Castilians, preserving Portuguese inde- pendence. 1386 Treaty of peace and alliance known as Treaty of Windsor signed with England. Portuguese King John the Great married Philippa, daughter of the English King, John of Gaunt. 1415 Capture of Ceuta, the first of Portugal's possessions in North Africa: be- ginning of Portugal's period of expansion and greatness. 1432 Occupation of Azores Islands. 1420-1487 Exploration of and occupation of points along the west coast of Africa. 1487-88 Rounding of Cape of Good Hope by Bartolomeu Dias. 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas with Spain, dividing world spheres of influence fol- lowing discovery of America. 1497-99 Voyage to India by Vasco da Gama. 1500 Discovery of Brazil. 1501-1550 Expansion of the Portuguese maritime empire in Far East and Africa. 1530-1548 Beginnings of colonization of Brazil. 1578 Portuguese defeated by Moors at Alcazar-Kebir, North Africa; an event symbolic of the end of Portugal's period of greatness. 1580-81 Invasion and occupation by Philip II of Spain: union of thrones of Spain and Portugal under Spanish Hapsburgs. 1640 Revolt against union of Spain and Portugal. 1661 Charles II of England married Catherine of Braganza: marriage treaty and alliance provided that England would defend Portugal by land and sea. 1668 Spanish finally driven out and peace signed. 1807 French invasion: transfer of Court to Rio de Janeiro: British armies sent to Portugal. 1811 French finally driven out of Portugal by British-Portuguese armies under Wellington. SECRET 49

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    "ocrText": "SECRET\nAPPENDIX F\nCHRONOLOGY OF SIGNIFICANT EVENTS\n2nd C. B.C.-4th C.\nRoman occupation (Province of Lusitania).\nA.D.\n5th C.\nSwabian Kingdom of Portugal.\n6th C.\nVisigothic Kingdom of Spain and Portugal.\n711-712\nIslamic occupation of the Iberian Peninsula.\n8th C.-11th C.\nCounty of Portugal included in Spanish territory as reconquest of the\npeninsula from the Moors progressed southward.\n1128\nD. Afonso I defeats Spanish armies and becomes first King of Portugal,\nhitherto a Spanish county.\n1147\nLisbon recaptured from Moors, a turning point in the reconquest.\n1249\nMoors finally expelled from all of Portugal.\n1385\nVictory of Aljubarrota over the Castilians, preserving Portuguese inde-\npendence.\n1386\nTreaty of peace and alliance known as Treaty of Windsor signed with\nEngland. Portuguese King John the Great married Philippa, daughter\nof the English King, John of Gaunt.\n1415\nCapture of Ceuta, the first of Portugal's possessions in North Africa: be-\nginning of Portugal's period of expansion and greatness.\n1432\nOccupation of Azores Islands.\n1420-1487\nExploration of and occupation of points along the west coast of Africa.\n1487-88\nRounding of Cape of Good Hope by Bartolomeu Dias.\n1494\nTreaty of Tordesillas with Spain, dividing world spheres of influence fol-\nlowing discovery of America.\n1497-99\nVoyage to India by Vasco da Gama.\n1500\nDiscovery of Brazil.\n1501-1550\nExpansion of the Portuguese maritime empire in Far East and Africa.\n1530-1548\nBeginnings of colonization of Brazil.\n1578\nPortuguese defeated by Moors at Alcazar-Kebir, North Africa; an event\nsymbolic of the end of Portugal's period of greatness.\n1580-81\nInvasion and occupation by Philip II of Spain: union of thrones of Spain\nand Portugal under Spanish Hapsburgs.\n1640\nRevolt against union of Spain and Portugal.\n1661\nCharles II of England married Catherine of Braganza: marriage treaty\nand alliance provided that England would defend Portugal by land and\nsea.\n1668\nSpanish finally driven out and peace signed.\n1807\nFrench invasion: transfer of Court to Rio de Janeiro: British armies sent\nto Portugal.\n1811\nFrench finally driven out of Portugal by British-Portuguese armies under\nWellington.\nSECRET\n49"
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