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SECRET
Article 80. The judges of the inferior courts shall be appointed by the Cabinet
from a list of persons nominated by the Supreme Court. All such judges shall hold
office for a term of ten (10) years with privilege of reappointment, provided that they
shall be retired upon the attainment of the age as fixed by law.
The judges of the inferior courts shall receive, at regular stated intervals, ade-
quate compensation which shall not be decreased during their terms of office.
Article 81. The Supreme Court is the court of last resort with power to deter-
mine the constitutionality of any law, order, regulation or official act.
Where a court unanimously determines publicity to be dangerous to public order
or morals, a trial may be conducted privately, but trials of political offenses, offenses
involving the press or cases wherein the rights of people as guaranteed in Chapter
III of the Constitution are in question shall always be conducted publicly.
Chapter VII. FINANCE
Article 83. The power to administer national finances shall be exercised as the
Diet shall determine.
Article 84. No new taxes shall be imposed or existing ones modified except by
law or under such conditions as law may prescribe.
Article 85. No money shall be expended, nor shall the State obligate itself, ex-
cept as authorized by the Diet.
Article 86. The Cabinet shall prepare and submit to the Diet for its considera-
tion and decision a budget for each fiscal year.
Article 87. In order to provide for unforeseen deficiencies in the budget, a reserve
fund may be authorized by the Diet to be expended upon the responsibility of the
Cabinet.
The Cabinet must get subsequent approval of the Diet for all payments from
the reserve fund.
Article 88. All property of the Imperial Household shall belong to the State.
All expenses of the Imperial Household shall be appropriated by the Diet in the
budget.
Article 89. No public money or other property shall be expended or appropriated
for the use, benefit or maintenance of any religious institution or association, or for
any charitable, educational or benevolent enterprises not under the control of public
authority.
Article 90. Final accounts of the expenditures and revenues of the State shall
be audited annually by a Board of Audit and submitted by the Cabinet to the Diet,
together with the statement of audit, during the fiscal year immediately follow-
ing the period covered.
The organization and competency of the Board of Audit shall be determined
by law.
Article 91. At regular intervals and at least annually the Cabinet shall report
to the Diet and the people on the state of national finances.
SECRE
F-10
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"ocrText": "SECRET\nArticle 80. The judges of the inferior courts shall be appointed by the Cabinet\nfrom a list of persons nominated by the Supreme Court. All such judges shall hold\noffice for a term of ten (10) years with privilege of reappointment, provided that they\nshall be retired upon the attainment of the age as fixed by law.\nThe judges of the inferior courts shall receive, at regular stated intervals, ade-\nquate compensation which shall not be decreased during their terms of office.\nArticle 81. The Supreme Court is the court of last resort with power to deter-\nmine the constitutionality of any law, order, regulation or official act.\nWhere a court unanimously determines publicity to be dangerous to public order\nor morals, a trial may be conducted privately, but trials of political offenses, offenses\ninvolving the press or cases wherein the rights of people as guaranteed in Chapter\nIII of the Constitution are in question shall always be conducted publicly.\nChapter VII. FINANCE\nArticle 83. The power to administer national finances shall be exercised as the\nDiet shall determine.\nArticle 84. No new taxes shall be imposed or existing ones modified except by\nlaw or under such conditions as law may prescribe.\nArticle 85. No money shall be expended, nor shall the State obligate itself, ex-\ncept as authorized by the Diet.\nArticle 86. The Cabinet shall prepare and submit to the Diet for its considera-\ntion and decision a budget for each fiscal year.\nArticle 87. In order to provide for unforeseen deficiencies in the budget, a reserve\nfund may be authorized by the Diet to be expended upon the responsibility of the\nCabinet.\nThe Cabinet must get subsequent approval of the Diet for all payments from\nthe reserve fund.\nArticle 88. All property of the Imperial Household shall belong to the State.\nAll expenses of the Imperial Household shall be appropriated by the Diet in the\nbudget.\nArticle 89. No public money or other property shall be expended or appropriated\nfor the use, benefit or maintenance of any religious institution or association, or for\nany charitable, educational or benevolent enterprises not under the control of public\nauthority.\nArticle 90. Final accounts of the expenditures and revenues of the State shall\nbe audited annually by a Board of Audit and submitted by the Cabinet to the Diet,\ntogether with the statement of audit, during the fiscal year immediately follow-\ning the period covered.\nThe organization and competency of the Board of Audit shall be determined\nby law.\nArticle 91. At regular intervals and at least annually the Cabinet shall report\nto the Diet and the people on the state of national finances.\nSECRE\nF-10"
}