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SECRET CONSEQUENCES OF COMMUNIST CONTROL OVER SOUTH ASIA 1 THE PROBLEM To estimate the strategic consequences, to the West and to the Soviet Bloc, of the establishment of Communist control over South Asia without either the Middle East or Southeast Asia having previously come under Communist control. Whether or not South Asia is likely to come under Communist control, or whether there is any likelihood that South Asia would fall under Communist control prior to extensive Communist victories in Southeast Asia, is excluded from consideration. CONCLUSIONS 1. The most serious effects of the loss of countries and would increase the cost of South Asia to Communist control would European commercial communications be psychological and political. It would with the Far East. add to the Soviet Bloc five countries, two 3. Communist control of South Asia of them potentially powerful, and would would probably make the principal strate- extend Communist control to include gic materials of the area increasingly dif- nearly half the world's population. In ficult to obtain under cold war conditions the absence of decisive Western counter- and certainly unavailable to the West in action, Communist control over South wartime. Of these mica, graphite, man- Asia would be speedily followed by the ganese, jute, and shellac are of particular loss of much of Southeast Asia. Loss of strategic importance to the West. South Asia would greatly reduce the effec- tiveness of the UN to the West, and would 4. Although denial of South Asian re- greatly reduce confidence in the capacity sources would not necessitate any signifi- of the free world to halt the expansion of cant reduction in defense and essential Communism. civilian consumption in the US, the over- 2. In present circumstances, denial of all effect, in terms of the magnitude of Western access to South Asia would the readjustments required, would almost necessitate serious readjustments in the certainly be serious at any time up foreign trade and exchange pattern of through 1954. US stockpiles would have the UK and the other Commonwealth to be drawn on pending the development of generally inferior and more expensive 1 For the purposes of this estimate, South Asia will alternate sources and substitute mate- be taken to include India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Nepal, and Ceylon. rials. Moreover, the West would have to 1

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    "ocrText": "SECRET\nCONSEQUENCES OF COMMUNIST CONTROL\nOVER SOUTH ASIA 1\nTHE PROBLEM\nTo estimate the strategic consequences, to the West and to the Soviet Bloc, of\nthe establishment of Communist control over South Asia without either the Middle\nEast or Southeast Asia having previously come under Communist control.\nWhether\nor not South Asia is likely to come under Communist control, or whether there is any\nlikelihood that South Asia would fall under Communist control prior to\nextensive\nCommunist victories in Southeast Asia, is excluded from consideration.\nCONCLUSIONS\n1. The most serious effects of the loss of\ncountries and would increase the cost of\nSouth Asia to Communist control would\nEuropean commercial communications\nbe psychological and political. It would\nwith the Far East.\nadd to the Soviet Bloc five countries, two\n3. Communist control of South Asia\nof them potentially powerful, and would\nwould probably make the principal strate-\nextend Communist control to include\ngic materials of the area increasingly dif-\nnearly half the world's population. In\nficult to obtain under cold war conditions\nthe absence of decisive Western counter-\nand certainly unavailable to the West in\naction, Communist control over South\nwartime. Of these mica, graphite, man-\nAsia would be speedily followed by the\nganese, jute, and shellac are of particular\nloss of much of Southeast Asia. Loss of\nstrategic importance to the West.\nSouth Asia would greatly reduce the effec-\ntiveness of the UN to the West, and would\n4. Although denial of South Asian re-\ngreatly reduce confidence in the capacity\nsources would not necessitate any signifi-\nof the free world to halt the expansion of\ncant reduction in defense and essential\nCommunism.\ncivilian consumption in the US, the over-\n2. In present circumstances, denial of\nall effect, in terms of the magnitude of\nWestern access to South Asia would\nthe readjustments required, would almost\nnecessitate serious readjustments in the\ncertainly be serious at any time up\nforeign trade and exchange pattern of\nthrough 1954. US stockpiles would have\nthe UK and the other Commonwealth\nto be drawn on pending the development\nof generally inferior and more expensive\n1 For the purposes of this estimate, South Asia will\nalternate sources and substitute mate-\nbe taken to include India, Pakistan, Afghanistan,\nNepal, and Ceylon.\nrials. Moreover, the West would have to\n1"
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