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CONFIDENTIAL
"INATIONAL AND
-57-
Therefore, it seems to me that the conditions for American
aid should be ability of the country to absorb the aid,
making the necessary reforms to accomplish the absorption
of the aid, if that is necessary, and the principle of
mutuality many-sided mutuality not only between in-
dividual countries and the United States, but individual
countries and the European-American-Asian complex, of
which the United States is so important a part.
MR. TAYLOR: It seemed to me two generalizations have
come out of the discussion that we have just listened to:
One is that the major force in Asia that can be used
against Comminism is Nationalism. I don't know whether
you would agree with this, but this generalization came to
me anyway, and we can and should use nationalism against
Communism and separate the two. It seems to me that in
China the Communists are using Chinese nationalism and
riding in for their own purposes, and the Chinese are be-
ginning to find out and will find out in large quantities
during the next few years. I thoroughly agree with Mr.
Fairbank and, I think, with Mr. Lattimore, that there is
no way of dealing with these people except that they are
nationalists, they have national pride, and they have to
be dealt with as independent people. But the other gen-
eralization that came out, particularly out of Fairbank's
talk, is that the Russians are fighting us on a good many
levels, and, as an old frustrated OWI man, I certainly
underline everything he said about the ideological level.
It seems to me we have lost a big propaganda battle in
the Far East. When Russia takes two billion worth of
material out of China and we put two billion in and me
are left with the reputation we have, there is something
missing on the propaganda front. They are fighting us on
the ideological level, institutional level, military
level. We have to meet them on all levels, and it seems
to me that you are feeling for mas some way of integrating
all these things together at the same time. I think he
put it very well that in some cases you have to judge
whether your military considerations warrant an ideological
defeat or whether in other cases it may be the other way
around. The map of the world, from a military point of
view, ideological point of view, the institutional point
of view - you don't have one fitting on the other exactly.
So I would endorse very strongly, Mr. Chairman, a feeling
around for and a discussion of the many levels upon which
this conflict is going and a pulling together of our dis-
cussion into a long range and short range. The first
answer to China is outside of China. I think we have come
to
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"ocrText": "CONFIDENTIAL\n\"INATIONAL AND\n-57-\nTherefore, it seems to me that the conditions for American\naid should be ability of the country to absorb the aid,\nmaking the necessary reforms to accomplish the absorption\nof the aid, if that is necessary, and the principle of\nmutuality many-sided mutuality not only between in-\ndividual countries and the United States, but individual\ncountries and the European-American-Asian complex, of\nwhich the United States is so important a part.\nMR. TAYLOR: It seemed to me two generalizations have\ncome out of the discussion that we have just listened to:\nOne is that the major force in Asia that can be used\nagainst Comminism is Nationalism. I don't know whether\nyou would agree with this, but this generalization came to\nme anyway, and we can and should use nationalism against\nCommunism and separate the two. It seems to me that in\nChina the Communists are using Chinese nationalism and\nriding in for their own purposes, and the Chinese are be-\nginning to find out and will find out in large quantities\nduring the next few years. I thoroughly agree with Mr.\nFairbank and, I think, with Mr. Lattimore, that there is\nno way of dealing with these people except that they are\nnationalists, they have national pride, and they have to\nbe dealt with as independent people. But the other gen-\neralization that came out, particularly out of Fairbank's\ntalk, is that the Russians are fighting us on a good many\nlevels, and, as an old frustrated OWI man, I certainly\nunderline everything he said about the ideological level.\nIt seems to me we have lost a big propaganda battle in\nthe Far East. When Russia takes two billion worth of\nmaterial out of China and we put two billion in and me\nare left with the reputation we have, there is something\nmissing on the propaganda front. They are fighting us on\nthe ideological level, institutional level, military\nlevel. We have to meet them on all levels, and it seems\nto me that you are feeling for mas some way of integrating\nall these things together at the same time. I think he\nput it very well that in some cases you have to judge\nwhether your military considerations warrant an ideological\ndefeat or whether in other cases it may be the other way\naround. The map of the world, from a military point of\nview, ideological point of view, the institutional point\nof view - you don't have one fitting on the other exactly.\nSo I would endorse very strongly, Mr. Chairman, a feeling\naround for and a discussion of the many levels upon which\nthis conflict is going and a pulling together of our dis-\ncussion into a long range and short range. The first\nanswer to China is outside of China. I think we have come\nto"
}