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States and the Soviet Union, in preparing for such expeditions,
become involved in immense duplications of research, construc-
tion, and expenditure? Surely we should explore whether the
scientists and astronauts of our two countries -- indeed of all
the world -- cannot work together in the conquest of space,
sending some day in this decade to the moon not the represen-
tatives of a single nation, but the representatives of all of
our countries.
All these and other new steps toward peaceful coopera-
tion may be possible. Most of them will require on our part
full consultation with our allies -- for their interests are
as much involved as our own, and we will not make an agreement
at their expense. Most of them will require long and careful
negotiation. And most of them will require a new approach to
the cold war -- a desire not to "bury one's adversary, but to
compete in a host of peaceful arenas, in ideas, in production,
and ultimately in service to all mankind.
The contest will continue -- the contest between those
who see a monolithic world and those who believe in diversity --
but it should be a contest in leadership and responsibility in-
stead of destruction, a contest in achievement instead of intimi-
dation. Speaking for the United States of America, I welcome
such a contest. For we believe that truth is stronger than
error -- and that freedom is more enduring than coercion. And in
the contest for a better life, all the world can be a winner.
The effort to improve the conditions of man, however,
is not a task for a few. It is the task of all nations -- acting
alone, acting in groups, acting in the United Nations, for
plague and pestilence, and plunder and pollution, the hazards
of nature and the hunger of children are the foes of every nation.
The earth, the sea, and the air are the concern of every nation.
And science, technology and education can be the ally of every
nation.
Never before has man had such capacity to control his
own environment -- to end thirst and hunger -- to conquer poverty
and disease -- to banish illiteracy and massive human misery.
We have the power to make this the best generation of mankind
in the history of the world -- or tomake it the last.
T
The United States since the close of the war has sent
over $100 billion worth of assistance to nations seeking economic
viability. And two years ago this week we formed a Peace Corps
to help interested nations meet the needs for trained manpower.
Other industrialized nations whose economies were rebuilt not
so long ago with some help from us are now in turn recognizing
their responsibility to the less developed nations.
The provision of development assistance by individual
nations must go on. But the United Nations also must play a
larger role in helping bring to all men the fruits of modern
science and industry. A United Nations conference on this sub-
ject held earlier thisyear at Geneva opened new vistas for the
developing countries. Next year a United Nations Conference on
Trade will consider the needs of these nations for new markets.
And more than four-fifths of the eentire United Nations system
can be found today mobilizing the weapons of science and tech-
nology for the United Nations' Decade of Development.
But more can be done -- a world center for health com-
munications under the World Health Organization could warn of
epidemics and the adverse effects of certain drugs as well as
transmit the results of new experiments and new discoveries.
-- Regional research centers could advance our common medical
knowledge and train new scientists and doctors for new nations.
-- A global system of satellites could provide communication and
weather information for all corners of the earth.
MORE
Document source description
This file contains materials collected by the office of President John F. Kennedy's secretary, Evelyn Lincoln, concerning President Kennedy's address to the 18th General Assembly of the United Nations. In his speech the President discusses the recently signed treaty banning atmospheric nuclear weapons tests (later known as the Partial Test Ban Treaty or Limited Test Ban Treaty), remarking that peace may be attainable when two nations with incompatible ideologies negotiate with each other. The President famously asks, "Space offers no problems of sovereignty…Why, therefore, should man's first flight to the moon be a matter of national competition?" President Kennedy also explains that the task of maintaining peace and decreasing global tension must be shared by all nations. He proposes ways for the United Nations to increase and improve their efforts in developing countries, specifically focusing on health, human rights, agriculture, communication, and the environment. Materials in this folder include drafts by Special Assistant to the President and speechwriter Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr., a press copy, and a reading copy of the speech with handwritten notations by the President, in addition to memoranda from Schlesinger and Adlai Stevenson, Ambassador to the United Nations.
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Document data
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"ocrText": "Page 4\nStates and the Soviet Union, in preparing for such expeditions,\nbecome involved in immense duplications of research, construc-\ntion, and expenditure? Surely we should explore whether the\nscientists and astronauts of our two countries -- indeed of all\nthe world -- cannot work together in the conquest of space,\nsending some day in this decade to the moon not the represen-\ntatives of a single nation, but the representatives of all of\nour countries.\nAll these and other new steps toward peaceful coopera-\ntion may be possible. Most of them will require on our part\nfull consultation with our allies -- for their interests are\nas much involved as our own, and we will not make an agreement\nat their expense. Most of them will require long and careful\nnegotiation. And most of them will require a new approach to\nthe cold war -- a desire not to \"bury one's adversary, but to\ncompete in a host of peaceful arenas, in ideas, in production,\nand ultimately in service to all mankind.\nThe contest will continue -- the contest between those\nwho see a monolithic world and those who believe in diversity --\nbut it should be a contest in leadership and responsibility in-\nstead of destruction, a contest in achievement instead of intimi-\ndation. Speaking for the United States of America, I welcome\nsuch a contest. For we believe that truth is stronger than\nerror -- and that freedom is more enduring than coercion. And in\nthe contest for a better life, all the world can be a winner.\nThe effort to improve the conditions of man, however,\nis not a task for a few. It is the task of all nations -- acting\nalone, acting in groups, acting in the United Nations, for\nplague and pestilence, and plunder and pollution, the hazards\nof nature and the hunger of children are the foes of every nation.\nThe earth, the sea, and the air are the concern of every nation.\nAnd science, technology and education can be the ally of every\nnation.\nNever before has man had such capacity to control his\nown environment -- to end thirst and hunger -- to conquer poverty\nand disease -- to banish illiteracy and massive human misery.\nWe have the power to make this the best generation of mankind\nin the history of the world -- or tomake it the last.\nT\nThe United States since the close of the war has sent\nover $100 billion worth of assistance to nations seeking economic\nviability. And two years ago this week we formed a Peace Corps\nto help interested nations meet the needs for trained manpower.\nOther industrialized nations whose economies were rebuilt not\nso long ago with some help from us are now in turn recognizing\ntheir responsibility to the less developed nations.\nThe provision of development assistance by individual\nnations must go on. But the United Nations also must play a\nlarger role in helping bring to all men the fruits of modern\nscience and industry. A United Nations conference on this sub-\nject held earlier thisyear at Geneva opened new vistas for the\ndeveloping countries. Next year a United Nations Conference on\nTrade will consider the needs of these nations for new markets.\nAnd more than four-fifths of the eentire United Nations system\ncan be found today mobilizing the weapons of science and tech-\nnology for the United Nations' Decade of Development.\nBut more can be done -- a world center for health com-\nmunications under the World Health Organization could warn of\nepidemics and the adverse effects of certain drugs as well as\ntransmit the results of new experiments and new discoveries.\n-- Regional research centers could advance our common medical\nknowledge and train new scientists and doctors for new nations.\n-- A global system of satellites could provide communication and\nweather information for all corners of the earth.\nMORE"
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