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MEMORANDUM THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION September 21, 1971 THE PRESIDENT HAS SEEN MEMORANDUM FOR: THE PRESIDENT Henry A, Kissinger K XYL FROM: SUBJECT: Democratic Leaders You asked for additional information to substantiate the statement made at your recent press conference that the leaders in only 30 of 91 countries which receive American aid "are there as a result of a contested election by any standard that we would consider fair. 11 Attached at Tab A is a list prepared by the State Department of 32 countries considered to be in this category and information giving the year of the most recent election, identifying opponents and indicating the percentage of the vote obtained by the winner. Of the 32 countries listed, Kenya and Nepal are subject to question. In addition, the percentage obtained by the winner was very large in Mexico, Singapore, Cyprus, and The Gambia. CONFIDENTIAL Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified. COUNTRY PRESIDENT LAST ELECTED OPPONENT WINNING % LATIN AMERICA Barbados Errol Barrow Sept.9, 1971 Bernard St. John, 5757% (Barbados Labor Party) Chile Salvador Allende 1970 1. Conservative Independent 36.6% (35.3%) 2. Christian Democrat (28.1%) This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified. Colombia Misael Pastrana April, 1970 Gustavo Rojas Pinilla 41% (39%) Costa Rica Jose Figueres Feb.1970 National Unification-41.l 55% Composed of: DECLASSIFIED Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library 1. National Union Party 2. .Republican Party 3. Authentic Republican Union Party Dominican Joaquin Belaguer May, 1970 Elias Wessinyy Wessin, 56% Republic Democratic Quisqueyan Party-14% Guatemala Carlos Arana 1970? Revolutionary Party 32.5% 40% Honduras Ramon Ernesto Cruz Feb.1971 Liberal Party-47% 52% Cruz Jamaica Hugh Shearer Feb.1967 Peoples' National Party 51% Mexico Luis Echeverria 1970 National Action Party-14.1% 83.8% Trinidad & Eric Williams Nov.1966 Democratic Labor Party-34% 52.3% Tobago Uruguay Jorge Pacheco Areco 1966 National Party-40.3% 49.3% Venezuela Rafael Caldera Dec.1968 Gonzalo Barrios: 29.1% Accion Democratia Party 28% Guyana L.F.S. Burnham 1968 Jagan-36.5% 55.8% - 2 - PRESIDENT or COUNTRY GOVERNMENT LEADER LAST ELECTED OPPONENT WINNING % NEAR EAST & SOUTH ASIA Ceylon (Prime Minister) 1970 United National Party 37% Sirimavo Bandaranaike (38%) India (Prime Minister) Indira Gandhi 1971 Organization Congress (10.5%) 43.7% Bharatiya Jana Sangh (7.4%) Israel (Prime Minister) Oct.1969 Herut-Liberal Party (26 seats) 60 seats This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified. Golda Meir National Religious Party out 4 (12 seats) 120 50% Lebanon Sulayman Franjiyyah 1968 3 Main Moslem and Christian Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library Election Slates Approx. 30% DECLASSIFIED Nepal King Mahendra NO ELECTIONS Cyprus Makarios III 1968 Evdokas 95% EAST ASIA Korea Pak Chong-hue 1971 Kim Tae-Chung Not Available Malaysia (Head of State) 1969 Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party 49% Tun-Abdul Razak (24%) Democratic Action Party (12%) Philippines Prs. Ferdinand E. Marcos 1969 Liberal Party 62% Singapore Pres.Dr. Benjamin Sheares 1968 Barisan Socialist Party 84% (boycotted election) Republic of President Thieu 1967 Truong Dinh Dzu Vietnam Phan Khac Suu 34% Tran Van Huong - 3 - PRESIDENT or COUNTRY GOVERNMENT LEADER LAST ELECTED OPPONENT WINNING % EUROPE Austria Chancellor Burns Kreisky 1970 Austrian Peoples Party (44.7%) 48.4% Iceland Olafur Johannesson 1971 Independence Party 32 seats Social Democratic Party to 28 Malta Prime Minister 1971 Nationalist Party 28 seats Dom Mintoff to 27 This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified. AFRICA Ghana President Edward 1969 Justice Party 105 seat Akufo-Addo (Parliamentary out of Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library Prime Minister Kofi A. Elections) 140 Busia DECLASSIFIED Kenya Pres.Jomo Kenyatta 1969 NONE 100% (National Assembly Elections) Botswana Pres. Seretse Khama 1969 Bechuanaland Peiples Party 68% General Election (13.5%) Botswana National Front (12%) Swaziland King Sobhuza II 1967 Ngwane National Libertory 80% Prime Minister Makhosini Congress (20%) Dalmini The Gambia Pres. Dawda K. Jawara 1966 Peoples Progressive Alliance 24 seats and United Party Coalition out of 29 MEMORANDUM THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON September 15, 1971 THE PRESIDENT HAS SEEN MEMORANDUM FOR: THE PRESIDENT Y FROM: BRIGADIER GENERAL A. M. HAIG SUBJECT: Data on U.S. Assistance to Non-Democratic Leaders The Department of State has telephoned the following statistics to me which are being confirmed by lists now enroute to the White House. "This year the United States is providing aid in one form or another to 91 countries. If the United States were to terminate aid to the countries among this group whose current leaders have not assumed power through a reasonably fair and democratic electoral process, it would be necessary for us to cut off aid to some 59 countries. " Note: On their initial run, State included only those countries to whom we are giving aid of any kind this fiscal year. If they were to enlarge the field to include those countries to whom we have given aid of any kind since World War II, it would probably include mostly Marshall Plan countries, most of whom do follow democratic processes. Thus, the ratio we are seeking would probably suffer. Nevertheless, I have told them to run this figure out as well. Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified. Ed file well THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON STRICTLY EYES ONLY September 17, 1971 Henry: On List One of the attached are the countries which State ruled to have a leader who came into power by a truly democratic process. We have asked them to give us statistics on each of these countries which reflect who the candidates were in the election and the percentage of the vote. They may have some difficulty with Mexico which, as you know, has a one-party system. On the other hand, I think the Mexicans would say that the candidate within that party does have to qualify as a re- sult of a popular mandate. Kan Al Haig Attachment ) think they are STRICTLY EY ES ONLY uget Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Hary Library DECLASSIFIED cument has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be decla department OF STATE Washington, D.C. 20520 September 15, 1971 STRICTLY EYES ONLY MEMORANDUM FOR: Brigadier General Alexander M. Haig, Jr. Deputy Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs The White House Al: On List I there is a country by country breakdown of countries receiving U.S. assistance in FY 1972. Asterisks (*) indicate the type of government we discussed. It breaks down by region like this: ARA - 13 of 22 NEA - 6 of 17 EA - 5 of 11 AF - 5 of 37 EUR - 3 of 4 On List II is a list of newly-independent countries. As you will note, 20 out of 73 have an asterisk indicating government classification. The checks () on List II indicate whether the country has been an aid recipient since 1945. Ted Theodore L. Eliot, Jr. Executive Secretary Attachments: As indicated. Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified. LIST FOREIGN ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS AND MILITARY ASSISTANCE Countries for which Programs and Planned in FY 1972 and/or Countries for which Disbursements are Anticipated in FY 1972 Programs in FY 1972 Disbursements in FY 1972 Net Net Economic Total Economic Total Mil. Assistance Coun- Mil. Assistance Court Assist. FAA PL 480 tries Assist. FAA PL 480 tries 19 22 20 23 TIN AMERICA -- TOTAL 17 19 20 -23 17 22 -2± 24 Argentina Xg/ - - X Xg/ X I X Barbados - - - - - - X X Bolivia Xi/ X X X Xi/ X X X Brazil Xg/ X X X Xg/ X X X Chile Xg/ X X X Xg/ X X X Colombia Xi/ X X X Xi%/ X X X Costa Rica - X X X I X X X 1 minican Republic Xi/ X X X Xi/ X X X & undor Xi/ X X X Xi/ X X X San Salavador Xi/ X X X Xi/ X X X Guatemala Xg/ X X X Xg/ X X X Guyana - X X X - X X X Haiti - X X X - X X X Honduras Xi/ X X X Xi/ X X X Jamaica - X X X - X X X Mexico Xi/ - - X Xi/ X 1 X Nicaragua Xi/ X X X Xi/ X X X Panama Xi/ X X X Xi/ X X X Paraguay Xi/ X X X Xi/ X X X Peru Xi/ X X X Xi/ X X X Surinam X X X X Trinidad & Tobag - - X X I X X X Uruguay Xg/ X X X Xg/ X X X Venezuela Xg/ X - X Xg/ X I X AR EAST & SOUTH ASIA - TOTAL 11 6 15 17 11 9 15 18 Afghanistan Xa/ X X X Xa/ X X X Ceylon * - I X X - X X X Cyprus - I X X - 1 X X Greece X - - X X - I X Fram Xi/ i X X Xi X X X India Xc/ X X X Xc/ X X X Iraq - - X X - - X X Israel Xb - X X Xb I X X Jordan Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library X X X X DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified. FOREIGN ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS AND MILITARY ASSISTANCE Countries for which Programs are Planned in FY 1972 and/or Countries for which Disbursements are Anticipated in FY 1972 Programs in FY 1972 Disbursements in FY 1972 Net Net Economic Total Economic Total Mil. Assistance Coun- Mil. Assistance Coun- Assist. FAA PL 480 tries Assist. FAA PL 480 tries SA (Cont'd) Lebanon * X - X x XC - X X Nepal xa X X X xa / X X X Pakistan XC X X X XC X X X Saudi Arabia xg - - X xq - - X Southern Yemen - - X x - - X X Syria - - X X - - X X Turkey x X x X X X X X UAR - - - - - xk - X Yemen - - X x - - X X EAST ASIA & VITENAM - TOTAL 7 7 11 11 7 8 11 11 - - X X -- X X X dia X X X X X X X X China, Republic of X - X X X - X X Indonesia X X X X X * X X X Korea X X X X X X X X aos a X X x d X X X Malaysia XO - X X xg - X X hilippines X X X X X X X X ingapore xb - X X xb - X X hailand a X X X a X X X ietnam a/ x X X d / X X X - 3 - Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified. FOREIGN ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS AND MILITARY ASSISTANCE Countries for which Programs are Planned in FY 1972. and/or Countries for which Disbursements are Anticipated in FY 1972 Programs in FY 1972 Disbursements in FY 197 Net Net Economic Total Economic Tota Mil. Assistance Coun- Mil. Assistance Cour Assit. FAA PL 480 tries Assist. FAA PL 480 trie 35 35 37 36 36 37 FRICA TOTAL 9 38 36 38 9 37 37 -38- Congo (k) Xg X X X Xq X X X Ethiopia X X X X X X X X Ghana Xa X X X Xa X X X Kenya - X X X - X X X Liberia X X X X X X X X Morocco Xq X X X Xg X X X Nigeria Xa X X ?X Xa/ X X X Somalia - - X X - X X X Tanzania - X X X - X X X Tunisia X X X X X X X X Uganda - X X X - X X X Self- Helf Bs swana - X X X - Xj X X undi - X X X - Xj X X Cameroon - X X X - X X X Central Africa Republic - X X X - Xj X X Chad - X X X - X X X Dahomey - X X X - X X X Equitorial Guinea e / - X - X - X - X Gabon - X X X - X X X Gambia - X X X - X X X Guinea - X X X - X X X Ivory Coast - X X X - X X X Lestotho - X X X - X X X Malagasy - X X X - X X X Malawi - X X X - X X X Mali Xa X X X Xa/ X X X Mauritania - X X X - Xj X X Mauritius - X X X - Xj X X Niger - X X X - X X X Rwanda - X X X - X X X Senegal Xa/ X X X Xa/ X X X *Seychelles X X X Xj X X Sierra Leone - X X X - X X X Sudan - - X X I - X X Swaziland h - X - X - Xj X X Toao I X X X - X X X Y: Volta - X X X - Xj X X ambia - X X X - X X X Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library * British Colony with limited self DECLASSIFIED No plans for independence This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified. FOREIGN ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS AND MILITARY ASSISTANCE Countries for which Programs are Planned in FY 1972 Countries for which Disbursements are Anticipated in FY 1972 Programs in FY 1972 Disbursements in FY 197 Net Net Economic Total Economic Total Mil. Assistance Coun- Mil. Assistance Coun Assist. FAA PL 480 tries Assist. FAA PL 480 trie. UROPE TOTAL 3 - 3 4 3 1 4 6 Austria Xa, - i X Xa/ - I X Iceland - - X X - - X X Malta - - - ! - I X X Portugal X - X X X - X X Spain X - X X X - X X Yugoslavia - - - - - X I X LASSIFIED COUNTRIES - 1 1 1 1 - - - - 84 93 87 97 TOTAL COUNTRIES 48 68 -85 94 48 77 -88 98 ERRITORIES: AMERICA TOTAL - - 3 3 - 1 3 3 British fish Honduras - - X X - I X X Surinam - - X X - - X X West Indies - - X X - - X X - ~ AR EAST - TOTAL 2 2 - - 2 2 Hong Kong - - X X - - X X Ryuku Islands - - X X - 1 X X Africa l] - X X X - X X X Seychelles / 6 6 6 6, TOTAL TERRITORIES - - 5 5 - I 4 is TOTAL COUNTRIES & 89 98 92 102 TERRITORIES 48 68 90 99 48 77 93 103 CONUS training only. DOD Credit Assistance only. e/British colory with CONUS training and DOD credit assistance only. In regular Defense budget. limited self. givern ment Received independence on October 12, 1968. Eligible Self-Help program only. No plans for md opendere Training and DOD credit assistance only. No grant equipment. eceived independence September 6, 1968. : raining only (CONUS and overseas). Self-Help only. Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library This is not assistance to the UAR. This is disbursement. for the American This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified. List II COUNTRIES INDEPENDENT OR CREATED SINCE WW II Algeria Mauritius Bahrain Mauritania Barbados * Nauru Bhutan Niger Botswana * Nigeria Burma North Korea Burundi North Vietnam Cambodia Oman Cameroon Pakistan Central African Republic People's Republic of the Ceylon * Congo Chad Philippines * Democratic Republic of Congo Qatar Cyprus * Rwanda Dahomey Senegal Equatorial Guinea Sierra Leone Fiji Singapore * Gabon Somalia Gambia * People's Democratic Republic Ghana * of Yemen Guinea South Korea * Guyana * South Vietnam * India * Sudan Indonesia Swaziland * Israel * Syria Ivory Coast Togo Jamaica * Trinidad and Tobago * Jordan Tonga Kenya * Tunisia Kuwait Uganda Laos United Republic of Tanzania Lebanon * Upper Volta Lesotho Western Samoa Libya Yemen Arab Republic Malagasy Republic Zambia Malawi Malaysia * Maldives Mali Malta * Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified. and Fileture September 15, 1971 MEMORANDUM FOR: THE PRESIDENT FROM: BRIGADIER GENERAL A.M. HAIG SUBJECT: Data on U.S. Assistance to Non-Democratio Leaders The Department of State has telephoned the following statistics to me which are being confirmed by lists now enroute to the White House. "This year the United States is providing aid in one form or another to 91 countries. If the United States were to terminate aid to the countries among this group whose current leaders have not assumed power through a reasonably fair and democratic electoral process, it would be necessary for us to cut off aid to some 59 countries." Note: On their initial run, State included only those countries to whom we are giving aid of any kind this fiscal year. If they were to enlarge the field to include those countries to whom we have given aid of any kind since World War II, it would probably include mostly Marshall Plan countries, most of whom do follow democratic processes. Thus, the ratio we are seeking would probably suffer. Nevertheless, I have told them to run this figure out as well. AMH:mlh:typed 9/15/71 Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified. 1210pm THE WHITE House WASHINGTON - This THE came PRESIDENT in yesterday HAS SEEN and was ON your back table_ in the Oval Office. 1 Hais is gathering add'l info now. Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library A DECLASSIFIED been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined t Sent. 14 MEMORANDUM THE WHITE HOUSE Did 32521 WASHINGTON CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION THE PRESIDENT HAS SEEN MEMORANDUM FOR: THE PRESIDENT FROM: BRIG GENERAL ALEXANDER M. HAIG @ SUBJECT: Countries Gaining Independence Since W W II with Democratically-Produced Leaders In answer to your recent questions, the State Department has provided the following information: -- Sixty-nine countries have gained their independence since the end of World War II (Tab A). -- In thirty- seven of these countries, or only a little more than one-half, the current leaders came to power through a democratic process (Tab B). A review of the list of countries with democratically produced leaders (Tab B) indicates a less than rigorous application of criteria in some cases. However, if these statistics are used publicly, the State Department evaluation should probably be followed. CONFIDENTIAL Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified. A Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified. INDEPENDENT OR CREATED SINCE WW II Algeria Malagasy Republic Bahrain Malawi Barbados Malaysia Bhutan Maldives Botswana Mali Burma Malta Burundi Mauritius Cambodia Mauritania Cameroon Nauru Central African Republic Niger Ceylon Nigeria Chad Oman Democratic Republic of Congo Pakistan Cyprus People's Republic of the Congo Dahomey Philippines Equatorial Guinea Qatar Fiji Rwanda Gabon Senegal Gambia Sierra Leone Ghana Singapore Guinea Somalia Guyana People's Democratic Republic of Yemen India Sudan Indonesia Swaziland Israel Syria Ivory Coast Togo Jamaica Trinidad and Tobago Jordan Tonga Kenya Tunisia Kuwait Uganda Laos United Republic of Tanzania Lebanon Upper Volta Lesotho Western Samoa Libya Yemen Arab Republic Zambia Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified. B Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified. THE WHITE Ho E WASHINGTON Having has seen, Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library DECLASSIFIED been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to LEADERS CAME TO POWER BY DEMOCRATIC PROCESS Barbados Botswana Cameroon Ceylon Chad Cyprus Equatorial Guinea Fiji Gabon Gambia Ghana Guinea Guyana India Israel Ivory Coast Jamaica Kenya Laos Lebanon Lesotho Malagasy Republic Malawi Malaysia Maldives Nauru Niger Philippines Rwanda Senegal Singapore Swaziland Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia United Republic of Tanzania Western Samoa Zambia Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified. 32521 MEMORANDUM NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL CONFIDENTIAL ACTION September 13, 1971 MEMORANDUM FOR GENERAL HAIG MW FROM: MARK WANDLER SUBJECT: Number of Countries Gaining Independence Since WW II, and the Number of these Countries with Democratically-Produced Leaders. In response to the President's questions about how many countries have gained their independence since the end of World War II and in how many of these countries have the current leaders come to power through a purely democratic process, the State Department informs us that: 1) Sixty-nine countries have gained their independence since the war; and 2) In thirty-seven of these countries, the current leaders have come to power through a democratic process. The memorandum from you to the President at Tab A conveys this information. The two State Department lists are attached to the President's memorandum, RECOMMENDATION: That you initial the memorandum at Tab A. Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified. A Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified. MEMORANDUM THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION MEMORANDUM FOR THE PRESIDENT FROM: GENERAL HAIG SUBJECT: Number of Countries Gaining Independence Since WW II, and the Number of these Countries with Democratically-Produced Leaders. You had asked the following questions: 1) How many countries have gained their independence since the end of World War II; and 2) In how many of these countries have the current leaders come to power by a purely democratic process. State informs us that 69 countries have gained their independence since the war and that in 37 of these, only a little more than one-half, the current leaders have come to power through a democratic means. Attachment CONFIDENTIAL Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified. INDEPENDENT OR CREATED SINCE WW II ALGERIA MALAGASY REPUBLIC BAHRAIN MALAWI BARBADOS MALAWSIA BHUTAN MALDIVES BOTSWANA MALI BURMA MALTA BURUNDI MAURITIUS CAMBODIA MAURITANIA CAMEROON NAURU CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC NIGER CEYLON NIGERIA CHAD OMAN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO PAKISTAN CYPRUS PEOPLE's REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO DAHOMEY PHILIPPINES EQUATORIAL GUINEA QATAR FIJI RWANDA GABON SENEGAL GAMBIA SIERRA LEONE GHANA SINGAPORE GUINEA SOMALIA GUYANA PEOPLE's REMOCRATIC REPUBLIC INDIA OF YEMEN INDONESIA SUDAN ISRAEL SWAZILAND IVORY COAST SYRIA JAMAICA TOGO JORDAN TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO KENYA TONGA KUWAIT TUNISIA LAOS UGANDA LEBANON UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA LESOTHO UPPER VOLTA LIBYA WESTERN SAMOA YEMEN ARAB REPUBLIC ZAMBIA Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified. LEADERS CAME TO POWER BY DEMOCRATIC PROCESS BARBADOS BOTSWANA CAMEROON CEYLON CHAD CYPRUS EQUATORIAL GUINEA FIJI GABON GAMBIA GHANA GUINEA GUYANA INDIA ISRAEL IVORY COAST JAMAICA KENYA LAOS LEBANON LESOTHO MALAGASY REPUBLIC MALAWI MALAYSIA MALDIVES NAURU NIGER PHILIPPINES RWANDA SENEGAL SWAZILAND TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO TUNISIA UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA WESTERN SAMOA ZAMBIA Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified. MEMORANDUM 32521 THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION MEMORANDUM FOR: THE PRESIDENT FROM: BRIG GENERAL ALEXANDER M. HAIG @ SUBJECT: Countries Gaining Independence Since WW II with Democratically-Produced Leaders In answer to your recent questions, the State Department has provided the following information: -- - Sixty-nine countries have gained their independence since the end of World War II (Tab A). seven -- In thirty-six of these countries, or only a little more than one-half, the current leaders came to power through a democratic process (Tab B). A review of the list of countries with democratically produced leaders (Tab B) indicates a less than rigorous application of criteria in some cases. However, if these statistics are used publicly, the State Department evaluation should probably be followed. CONFIDENTIAL Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified. LEADERS CAME TO POWER BY DEMOCRATIC PROCESS Barbados Botswana Cameroon Ceylon Chad Cyprus Equatorial Guinea Fiji Gabon Gambia Ghana Guinea Guyana India Israel Ivory Coast Jamaica Kenya Laos Lebanon Lesotho Malagasy Republic Malawi Malaysia Maldives Nauru Niger Philippines Rwanda Senegal Singapore Swaziland Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia United Republic of Tanzania Western Samoa Zambia Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified. 7114175 32521 department OF STATE Washington, D.C. 20520 September 13, 1971 UNCLASSIFIED MEMORANDUM FOR MR. HENRY A. KISSINGER THE WHITE HOUSE Subject: Post War States and Their Leaders In response to your inquiry, 69 states have been created or gained independence since World War II. Of these, 37 have leaders that came to power by democratic processes. The two groups of countries are listed in the attachment. 2m Theodore Executive Hamington L. Secretary Eliot, Jr. for Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified. INDEPENDENT OR CREATED SINCE WW II ALGERIA MALAGASY REPUBLIC BAHRAIN MALAWI BARBADOS MALAYSIA BHUTAN MALDIVES BOTSWANA MALI BURMA MALTA BURUNDI MAURITIUS CAMBODIA MAURITANIA CAMEROON NAURU CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC NIGER CEYLON NIGERIA CHAD OMAN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO PAKISTAN CYPRUS PEOPLE's REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO DAHOMEY PHILIPPINES EQUATORIAL GUINEA QATAR FIJI RWANDA GABON SENEGAL GAMBIA SIERRA LEONE GHANA SINGAPORE GUINEA SOMALIA GUYANA PEOPLE's BEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC INDIA OF YEMEN INDONESIA SUDAN ISRAEL SWAZILAND IVORY COAST SYRIA JAMAICA TOGO JORDAN TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO KENYA TONGA KUWAIT TUNISIA LAOS UGANDA LEBANON UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA LESOTHO UPPER VOLTA LIBYA WESTERN SAMOA YEMEN ARAB REPUBLIC ZAMBIA Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified. LEADERS CAME TO POWER BY DEMOCRATIC PROCESS BARBADOS BOTSWANA CAMEROON CEYLON CHAD CYPRUS EQUATORIAL GUINEA FIJI GABON GAMBIA GHANA GUINEA GUYANA INDIA ISRAEL IVORY COAST JAMAICA KENYA LAOS LEBANON LESOTHO MALAGASY REPUBLIC MALAWI MALAYSIA MALDIVES NAURU NIGER PHILIPPINES RWANDA SENEGAL SWAZILAND TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO TUNISIA UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA WESTERN SAMOA ZAMBIA Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified. DOC RECD LOG NBR INITIAL ACTION OFF MO DA NSC CORRESPONDENCE PROFILE 0913 09/409 MO DA HR 32521 LOG IN/OUT ONLY TO: PRES FROM: ELIOT U NO forn NODIS KISSINGER rogers, W LOU HAIG x BUO EXDIS DOC SOURCE/CLASS/DESCRIPTION LAIRD, M C X EYES ONLY LIMDIS SUBJECT: Copythes Hanne WANDLER Intromdince TS sensitive Since WIII DATA S CODE WORD RES of Demo crabicably Phoduced Leader REFERENCE: S/S 7114175 OTHER NOT XEROXED APP'TS: PRES HAK TALKER MEMCON DATE REQ. INTERNAL ROUTING AND DISTRIBUTION ACTION REQUIRED ACTION INFO REC MEMO FOR HAK CY ( ) ADVANCE CYS TO HAK/HAIG MEMO FOR PRES. ( ) STAFF SECRETARY REPLY for SIGNATURE ( ) FAR EAST FOR DISTRIBUTION/DISPATCH ( ) SECRETARIAT DISTRIBUTION/ACTION AFRICA MEMO TO ( ) NR EAST/NORTH AFRICA RECOMMENDATIONS ( ) EUROPE/CANADA JOINT MEMO ( ) LATIN AMERICA REFER TO STATE ( ) UNITED NATIONS ANY ACTION NECESSARY ( ) ECONOMIC CONCURRENCE ( ) SCIENTIFIC due DATE: LR PLANNING COMMENTS: (Including Special Instructions) PROGRAM ANALYSIS NSC PLANNING CONGRESSIONAL DATE FROM TO S 0914 WANDLER HAVE X ACTION Sign REQUIRED Mmo & Pres (0914) CY TO INTERNAL/INTERIM ROUTING 7/16 Noted By fus MICROFILM DATA CROSS REF WITH NOTIFY DATE SEE LOG DISPATCH: letter/memo DO DISPOSITION JOINED BY LOG SPECIAL FILE RQMT: SEP201971 INIT COPIES: (AS MARKED ABOVE) DATE SA, HP, HM ORIG) NSC SPECIAL DISPOSITION COMMENTS: TO ) PAF WHC SUSPENSE CY ATTACHED: YES NO SUBF Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library DECLASSIFIED # GPO: 1971-412 412 This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified. MEMORANDUM Dud THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION MEMORANDUM FOR: THE PRESIDENT FROM: BRIG GEN ALEXANDER M. HAIG SUBJECT: Countries with Free Elected Leaders In response to your questions today the State Department has provided the following information: - - 91 countries received assistance from the U. S. in FY 1972. 59 or nearly two-thirds were not freely elected. - - 73 countries have become independent, or been created since World War II. Of these countries, only 20 of the present leaders were freely elected. CONFIDENTIAL Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.