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CYPRUS Vol. I January 1969-June 30, 1974 [2 of 2]
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CYPRUS Vol. I January 1969-June 30, 1974 [2 of 2]
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DEPARTMENT OF STATE
THE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
SECRET 075
'72
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00491 021340Z
50
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 CCO-00 SSO-00 NSCE-00 1026 W
094479
SITUATION ROOM
ESPO LIHM
WV
0 021315Z MAR 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 5791
53
INFO AMEMBASSY ATHENS IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY ANKARA IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY LONDON IMMEDIATE
USMISSION USUN IMMEDIATE
USMISSION NATO IMMEDIATE
SECRE T NICOSIA 491
EXDIS
DEPARTMENT PASS EUCOM AND USDOCOSOUTH
SUBJECT: CYPRUS: HOLY SYNOD DEMANDS MAKARIOS. RESIGNATION
1. WE DESCRIBE IN SEPTEL BACKGROUND OF MARCH 2 MEETING OF
HOLY SYNOD. SYNOD HAS JUST ISSUED COMMUNIQUE ANNOUNCING THAT
BISHOPS OF KYRENIA, KITIUM AND PAPHOS UNANIMOUSLY ASKED THAT
MAKARIOS RESIGN AS PRESIDENT OF CYPRUS. COMMUNIQUE STATES
MAKARIOS WILL REPLY AFTER STUDY.
2. A CLOSE RELATIVE OF ARCHBISHOP HAS TOLD EMBASSY EMPLOYEE
THAT MAKARIOS WILL WAIT FIFTEEN DAYS, THEN ANNOUNCE HIS RESIGNA-
TION. WE ARE NOT IN À POSITION TO CONFIRM THIS. WE ARE TOLD
RATIONALE FOR THIS IS TO PRESERVE SOME STABILITY IN WHAT IS NOW
HIGHLY VOLATILE SITUATION.
3. UNDER ARTICLE 44 OF CYPRUS CONSTITUTION OFFICE OF PRESIDENT
BECOMES VACANT UPON WRITTEN RESIGNATION ADDRESSED TO HOUSE
OF REPRESENTATIVES. IN EVENT OF VACANCY IN OFFICE OF PRESIDENT,
PRESIDENT OF HOUSE OR REPRESENTATIVES (CLERIDES) ACTS AS PRESIDENT
DURING VACANCY. VACANCY MUST BF FILLED THROUGH AN ELECTION WHICH
MUST TAKE PLACE WITHIN 45 DAYS.
POPPER
NOTE BY OC/T: NOT PASSED EUCOM USDOCOSOUTH
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT TISEAUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard4 xon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00482 011133Z
S TUAT ON ROOM
WH
SECRET 831
WH WHITE TE HOUSE
2 PM
18
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 1026 W
EXPIN
084423
P R 011055Z MAR 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 5782
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
AMEMBASSY LONDON
USMISSION USUN
USMISSION NATO
SECRE T NICOSIA 482
EXDIS
NOFORN
SUBJECT: CYPRUS: CZECH ARMS
1. SUMMARY: PROSPECTIVE AGREEMENT PLACE NEW CZECH
ARMS SHIPMENT UNDER INTERMITTENT UNFICYP INSPECTION SHOULD
OFFER GOG A SATISFACTORY HALF LOAF IF IT IS WILLING
CONSIDER COMPROMISE WITH MAKARIOS.
2. CYPRUS PRESS FEB 29 - MARCH 1 HAS CARRIED REPORTS
THAT RESOLUTION OF CZECH ARMS PROBLEM IS IMMINENT.
FROM FBIS M292147 WE NOTE ATHENS ARMED FORCES RADIO HAS
PICKED THESE UP.
3. FROM CONFIDENTIAL UNFICYP SOURCE WE LEARN THAT
NEGOTIATIONS OF UNSYG SPECIAL REP OSORIO-TAFALL WITH FONMIN
KYPRIANOU ON ARMS QUESTION ARE IN FACT WELL ADVANCED. STATE
OF PLAY APPARENTLY AS FOLLOWS:
4. UNSYG HAS NOT SUPPORTED UNFICYP VIEW THAT MAKARIOS
WHOULD BE PRESSED PLACE NEW SHIPMENT OF CZECH WEAPONS
UNDER UNFICYP CUSTODY. INSTEAD, OSORIO INSTRUCTED WORK
FOR ARRANGEMENT SIMILAR TO THAT OF FEB 1967 COVERING 1966
CZECH SHIPMENT.
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard SECRET Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT
OF
STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
SECRET
PAGE 02 NICOSI 00482 011133Z
5. IN DISCUSSION BETWEEN OSORIO AND KYPRIANOU, LAST OF
WHICH TOOK PLACE FEB 28, KYPRIANOU HAS CONVEYED MAKARIOS'
OFFER (A) COLLECT ENTIRE JANUARY SHIPMENT OF CZECH ARMS
IN CYPOL ARMORY, (B) PROVIDE UNFICYP WITH SCOUNT'S HONOR
"COMPLETE LISTING", (C) PERMIT UNFICYP FORCE COMMANDER
CARRY OUT INTERMITTENT INSPECTIONS. THIS TO BE REGARDED
AS "PROVISIONAL" ARRANGMENT.
6. OSORIO HAS EVIDENTLY CABLED KYPRIANOU'S OFFER TO SYG
RECOMMENDING SYG ACCEPT AND ENDORSE IT WITH GREECE AND
TURKEY AS SATISFYING IMMEDIATE PROBLEM OF POTENTIALLY
INCREASED INSTABILITY ON CYPRUS CAUSED BY ARMS IMPORTATION.
7 ° COMMENT: STRIKES US THAT MAKARIOS OFFER COULD PRO-
VIDE GREECE WITH GOOD OPPORTUNITY EXTRICATE ITSELF GRACE-
FULLY FROM IMPASSE AND DILIMMA CREATED BY ITS EXAG-
GERATED FEB 11 DEMANDS ON MAKARIOS. THI KAMOUNTS TO A
FAIR COMPROMISE ON ARMS QUESTION WHICH GREECE CAN
CLAIM AS A VICTORY. IF IT ACCEPTS THIS AND EASES OFF ITS
PUBLIC PRESSURE ON MAKARIOS, WE THINK MAKARIOS IS LIKELY IN
DUE COURSE TO MAKE CABINET CHANGES WHICH, EVEN IF NOT
COMPLETELY IN ACCORD WITH GOG RECOMMENDATIONS, WOULD ENABLE
GOG ASSERT IT HAD SUCCESSFULLY PERSUADED MAKARIOS
INTRODUCE BROADER REPRESENTATION INTO CYPRUS COUNCIL OF
MINISTERS IN LINE WITH ITS "GOVERNMENT OF NATIONAL UNITY"
SUGGESTIONS. WE WOULD FVEN HAZARD THE GUESS THAT IN A
RESHUFFLE MAKARIOS MIGHT BE WILLING REPLACE KYPRIANOU, WHO
IS GREECE'S PARTICULAR BETE NOIR, ON PLAUSIBLE GROUNDS OF
ILL HEALTH.
80 OPENING FOR COMPROMISE WOULD NOW APPEAR TO EXIST IF
GREECE IS WILLING EXPLOIT IT. GP = 3.
POPPER
NOT TO BE REPRODUCE WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION
THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard SECRET Nixon Presidential Library
98/20/ebs
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT
OF
"
STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
WH
SECRET 770
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00432 241231Z
3
51
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 1026 W
039587
P 241125Z FEB 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 5755
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY ATHENS PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY LONDON PRIORITY
USMISSION USUN PRIORITY
USMISSION NATO PRIORITY
S E CR E T NICOSIA 432
EXDIS
SUBJ: CYPRUS: INTERCOMMUNAL NEGOTIATIONS CZECH ARMS AND
GREECE-CYPRUS RELATIONS
REF: STATE 31077, ATHENS 1015, 1036
1. SUMMARY: WI BELIEVE MAKARIOS WILL NOT GIVE UP CZECH ARMS
WITHOUT A QUID RRO QUO. INTERCOMMUNAL TALKS UNLIKELY TO
START UNTIL GREEK-GREEK CYPRIOT RELATIONS ARE PATCHED UP :
FOR THIS TO HAPPEN, GREEKS MUST PLAY CARDS WITH MORE REGARD
FOR CYPRIOT SENSITIVITIES. U.S. MAY BE ABLE HELP IN RAPPROCHE-
MENT.
2 WE THINK DEPT ASSTSEC DAVIES' RESPONSES TO NORWEGIAN
COUNSELOR (STATE REFTEL) ARE AN EXCELLENT SUMMARY OF MAJOR
FACTORS IN CURRENT CYPRUS SITUATION. WE WOULD LIKE TO COMMENT
ON SOME OF THESE, IN LIGHT ATHENS VIEWS EXPRESSED OTHER REFTELS.
3. WE NOTE EMBASSY ATHENS BELIEVES THAT TRADE-OFF OF CZECH
ARMS FOR REMOVAL OF GRAVAS IN A NON-STARTER, BECAUSE IT WOULD
INVOLVE UNACCEPTABLE LOSS OF FACE FOR GREECE, ASSUMING GREECE
PCALLY CONTROLS GRIVAS. ON OTHER SIDE OF THE EQUATION, IDEA
THAT MAKARIOS WOULD VOLUNTARILY GIVE UP CZECH ARMS NO MATTER
WHAT DEGREE OF DIPLOMATIC PRESSURE UN, U.S., UK, TURKEY AND
GREECE TRY TO EXERT ON HIM SEEMS TO US EQUALLY A NON-STARTER. TO
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION SECRET OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
EXPLU
#
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
SECRET
PAGE 02 NICOSI 00432 241231Z
YIELD TO THIS KIND OF PRESSURE IS SIMPLY NOT THE MAKARIOS STYLE:
MOREOVER, IT, TOO, WOULD INVOLVE A LOSS OF FACE. BASIC DIPLO-
MATIC PROBLEM IS HOW TO ARRANGE AN ACCOMMODATION ACCEPTABLE
TO BOTH SIDES, IN WHICH BOTH SIDES GIVE SOMETHING AND GET
SOMETHING IN RETURN. EMBASSIES ANAKRA, ATHENS AND NICOSIA
HAVE ALL MADE SUGGESTIONS TO CONSIDERABLE EXTENT COVERING SIMILAR
GROUND, LOOKING TOWARD THIS OBJECTIVE.
4. SECOND POINT CONCERNS RESUMPTION OF INTERCOMMUNAL TALKS.
CLEARLY, THIS IS MOST IMPORTANT FACTOR, BUT IT IS UNREALISTIC
TO EXPECT TALKS TO START WHILE THREAT OF CONFLICT BETWEEN
GREECE AND CYPRUS REMAINS IMMINENT. AT MOMENT WHEN ALL DIALOGUE
BETWEEN CYPRUS AND GREECE HAS CEASED. IT IS MOST DOUBTFUL
THAT THEIR REPS COULD USEFULLY SIT TOGETHER IN INTERCOMMUNAL
TALKS, OR THAT EYPRUS GOVT WOULD WANT TO AGREE TO EXPOSE
ITSELF TO ISOLATION IN INTERCOMMUNAL TALKS UNDER PRESENT
CIRCUMSTANCES. CLEARLY, FIRST THINGS MUST COME FIRST, PRIORITY
AS SEEN FROM HERE MUST GO TO PATCHING UP RELATIONS BETWEEN
GREECE AND CYPRUS AS PART OF OR FOLLOWING WHICH IT MIGHT
BE POSSIBLE TO MAKE A REASONABLE ARRANGEMENT ON SUPERVISION
OF CZECH ARMS AND TO START INTERCOMMUNAL DISCUSSIONS.
5. THIRD POINT WE WOULD RAISE IS NATURE OF FUNDAMENTAL RELATION-
SHIP BETWEEN CREECE AND CYPRUS. IT IS TRUE, AS EMBASSY ATHENS
STATES, THAT GREEKS HAVE SPECIAL ROLE IN RELATION TO GREEK
CYPRIOT COMMUNITY ATHENS 1015 PARA 51. BUT THIS IS NOT RELATED
TO LONDON-ZURICH AGREEMENTS UNDER WHICH GREEKS HAVE EXACTLY THE
SAME RIGHTS AS TURKEY AND UK' VIS-A-VIS CYPRUS' NO MORE NO LESS.
IT IS DUE, RATHER, TO ETHNIC, LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL TIES BETWEEN
CYRPIOT GREEKS AND MAINLAND GREEKS, AND IS THUS A POLITICAL FACT
THER THAN A PECULIER LEGAL RIGHT.
6. IN THIS RESPECT VIRUTALLY EVERY GREEK CYPRIOT WILL AGREE
THAT THE MAINLAND HAS A SPECIAL ROLE AND POSITION. BUT WHAT HAS
HAPPENED IN RECENT WEEKS, AS SEEN FROM HERE -- THE BRUTAL ATTEMPT
BY GREECE TO TREAT CYPRUS AS A GREEK COLONY -- HAS PROBABLY DONE
AS MUCH TO INSTIL A sense OF RESISTANCE AND SEPARATE CYPRUS
NATIONALIS AS ANYTHING WE HAVE RECENTLY SEEN. THIS IS A PITY,
BECAUSE A SOLUTION OF THE CYPRUS PROBLEM WOULD OBVIOUSLY BE MUCH
EASIER IF GREEKS COULD PLAY THEIR CARDS WITH MORE REGARD FOR
PRIDE AND SELF RESPECT OF CYPRIOTS, AND WOULD UTILIZE THE
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
*
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
SECRET
PAGE 03 NICOSI 00432 241231Z
CHANNELS THEY HAVE FOR EXERCISING THEIR INFLUENCE MORE DISCREETLY.
70 IN NICOSIA RWJX#WE RECOMMEND THAT USG NOT ACT AS GOC
MESSENGER BOY TO TO RE-ESTABLISH CONTACTS BETWEEN GREECE
EXETS
AND CYPRUS. WE BELIEVE, HOWEVER, THAT WE COULD APPROPRIATELY
URGE BOTH SIDES TO GET ON WITH THIS TASK THEMSELVES. THIS STRIKES
US AS A NECESSARY FIRST STEP IN REACTIVATING THE DIPLOMATIC
PROCESS. IF GREEKS HAVE IN MIND A SECOND ROUND INVOLVING USE
OF FORCE IN CYPRUS THEY MAY NOT BE RESPONSIVE, BUT IN ANY
EVENT THE RECORD WOULD BE CLEAR AS FAR AS USG IS CONCERNED.
POPPER
NOTE BY OC/T: #AS RECEIVED. VERIFICATION UPON REQUEST.
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
*
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
WH
SECRET 714
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00424 231445Z
45
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 1026 W
EXPIS
PR 231345Z FEB 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 5750
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
STUATION ROOM 031670 TE HOUSE
2 '}? 23 PM 4:01
AMEMBASSY LONDON
USMISSION USUN
USMISSION NATO
SECRE T NICOSIA 424
EXDIS
SUBJ: CYPRUS: CONVERSATION WITH VENIAMIN
1. SUMMARY: VENIAMIN SUGGESTS USG RECOMMEND TO GOG THAT
"COMMUNICATIONS DOOR" BE OPENED WITH MAKARIOS. WE DO NOT FEEL
THIS WOULD BE IN US INTEREST. ACTION REQUESTED: DEPT S PROMPT
CONSIDERATION OF VENIAMIN PROPOSAL: INSTRUCTIONS RE REPLY TO
BE MADE To HIM.
2. FONOFF DIR GEN VENIAMIN ASKED DCM TO CALL FEBRUARY 23
VENIAMIN SAID HE WISHED MAKE PERSONAL SUGGESTION. COULD NOT USG
ACT IN ATHENS TO RECOMMEND THAT A "DOOR OF COMMUNICATION" BE
OPENED BETWEEN GOG AND GOC? PALAMAS PRESS STATEMENT OF FEBRUARY 19
(ATHENS 9851 AND GOG REFUSAL SEND AN AMBASSADOR TO REPLACE
PANAYOTACOS AS LONG AS MAKARIOS CONTINUED TO REFUSE TO
CAPITULATE TO GOG FEBRUARY 11 DEMANDS, EFFECTIVILY SHUT
DOOR TO ANY MEANINGFUL DISCUSSION BETWEEN TWO GOVTS ON HOW TO
WORK THEIR WAY OUT OF PRESENT CONFRONTATION. COMMUNICATIONS
COULD BE REESTABLISHED IN VARIETY OF WAYS, E.G. BY SENDING
NEW GOG AMBASSADOR OR BY GOC SENDING CLERIDES OR SOME OTHER
EMISSARY, WHICH IT QUITE WILLING TO DO IF GOG PREPARED DISCUSS
REASONABLE COMPROMISE AND NOT MERELY INSIST ITS DEMANDS BE
MET 100 PER CENT.
3. DCM REPLIED THAT IF GREEKS WANTED TO COMMUNICATE WITH
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
*
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
SECRET
PAGE 02 NICOSI 00424 231445Z
OTHER GREEKS THEY HAD NEVER LACKED FOR CHANNELS IN THE PAST.
ALSO, OUR LOCAL READING OF PALAMAS STATEMENT IS THAT USG ADVICE
NOT BLIKELY BE WELCOME AT THIS POINT. HOWEVER, SINCE VENIAMIN
SO REQUESTING, WE WOULD PASS HIS REQUEST TO DEPARTMENT AND
REPORT REACTION.
4. COMMENT: IN LIGHT OF PALAMAS' FEB 19 STATEMENT AND BECAUSE
MAKARIOS DOES HAVE OTHER CHANNELS TO GOG IF IT WISHES USE THEM
(E.G. NATIONAL GUARD COMMANDER HARALAMBOPOULOS OR GREEK
CHARGE) WE DO NOT FEEL IT IS IN Us INTEREST TO GET INVOLVED IN THIS
ONE.
5. RECOMMEND WE BE AUTHORIZED REPLY TO VENIAMIN THAT HIS PERSONAL
SUGGESTION HAS BEEN CAREFULLY CONSIDERED de BUT THAT ON BALANCE
USG FEELS SUCH ACTION BY IT LIKELY RE MISCONSTRUED BY GOG AS
A REFUSAL ACCEPT PALAMAS' WARNING: WOULD TEND COMPLICATE RELATIONS
BETWEEN USG AND GOG IN A MANNER UNHELPFUL TO GOC PRESENT DELICATE
JUNCTURE: AND 1 WOULD MAKE IT MORE DIFFICULT FOR GOG TO
GIVE RESPONSE, OR MERITS TO GOC SUGGESTION FOR ESTABLISHING
EXETS
NEW LINE OF CONTACT.
POPPER
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED V THOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF E EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
22/80/ebs
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT
OF
STATE
#
EXC-S
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
WH
SECRET 684
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00419 231424Z
51
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 1026 W
EXATS
R 231000Z FEB 72 ZFD
SITUATION SITUATION ROOM ROOM
WHITE HOUSE
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
72 23 031532 4:01
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 5746
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
USMISSION USUN
USMISSION NATO
SECRE T NICOSIA 00419
EXDIS
NOFORN
REF: STATE 29672, NICOSIA 396
SUBJECT: EMBASSY CONTACTS WITH GOC
1. AT RISK OF BEING TIRESOME, MAY I RAISE AGAIN QUESTION OF
REQUESTING APPOINTMENT WITH MAKARIOS DISCUSSED IN REFTELS.
SOVIET AMB HAS SEEN MAKARIOS: ATHENS 1012 IS EXCELLENT
REPORT ON MEETING BETWEEN UK HIGH COMMISSIONER EDMONDS AND
MAKARIOS: AND FRG AMB TOROK IS SEEING MAKARIOS TODAY FEB 23.
2. I UNDERSTAND FULLY DEPTIS DESIRE TO MAINTAIN LOW PROFILE,
AND THAT PURPOSE IS TO AVOID GIVING ANY GROUND FOR
MISINTERPRETATION WITH RESPECT TO OUR ROLE IN QUARREL BETWEEN
GREECE AND CYPRUS. QUESTION I WOULD RAISE IS WHETHER MY
FAILURE TO FOLLOW MY NORMAL PRACTICE OF SEEING MAKARIOS
ONCE EVERY THREE OR FOUR WEEKS, AND OTHER HIGH CYPRIOT
OFFICIALS MORE FREQUENTLY, WILL NOT IN ITSELF CREATE SUSPICION
AMONG CYPRIOTS AND OTHERS OF BYZANTINE MENTALITY AS TO WHAT WE
ARE DOING. SEEMS TO ME THAT RESUMPTION OF NORMAL ACTIVITIES IN
LOW KEY MAY BE BEST WAY OF COPING WITH SUCH SUSPICION.
3. AN ADDITIONAL FACTOR IS NEED TO SCOTCH MISREPRESENTATIONS
ABOUT USG POSITION THROUGH DIRECT ASSERTIONS BY ME TO ARCHBISHOP
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
*
Department of State
UNITED
AMERICA
TELEGRAM
STATES
OF
SECRET
PAGE 02 NICOSI 00419 231424Z
AND OTHERS. OUR ENEMIES AND EVEN SOME OF OUR FRIENDS ARE NOT
ABOVE ATTRIBUTING TO US RESPONSIBILITY FOR COMPLICATIONS WHICH
ARISE WHEN THEIR DESIGNS GO WRONG. MOREOVER, WE HAVE TO CONTEND
WITH UNINFORMED FREE WHEELING BY SOME OF OUR LOCAL COLLEAGUES
WHICH IMPINGES ON USG POSITIONS. FOR EXAMPLE, WHEN FRG AMB
TOROK LAST SAW MAKARIOS, WE UNDERSTAND HE TOLD HIM NATO HAD
DECIDED TO FREEZE SITUATION IN CYPRUS. INQUIRIES WE SUBSE-
QUENTLY MADE PERMITTED US TO CORRECT THIS ERROR AROUND TOWN. ON
FEB 22 TOROK TOLD ME HE INTENDED TO TELL MAKARIOS TODAY THAT
NATO WANTED PEACEFUL SETTLEMENT OF CURRENT CRISIS AND THAT IT
NEEDED NO BASES IN CYPRUS SINCE BRITISH WERE ALREADY HERE. I
TOLD TOROK THAT WHILE I HAD NO DOUBT NATO NATIONS WOULD ENDORSE
HIS STATEMENT, HE SHOULD NOT CONVEY THE IMPRESSION THAT THE
ORGANIZATION AS SUCH HAD TAKEN ANY RECENT DECISIONS ON THE
CYPRUS PROBLEM. FACE-TO-FACE DISCUSSION WITH ARCHBISHOP
HELPS TO STRAIGHTEN THE CYPRIOTS OUT ON SUCH MATTERS.
4. EVEN IF I ASK FOR APPOINTMENT WITH MAKARIOS NOW, IT
WOULD NOT BE SCHEDULED PRIOR TO SOME TIME NEXT WEEK. BUT MERE
FACT THAT I HAVE SOUGHT APPOINTMENT WILL ITSELF UNDERCUT
HARMFUL SPECULATION.
POPPER
EXPITS
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
CRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
06/20/255
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT
OF
STATE
CHORL
THE
EXECUTIVE
RECKELVE
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
SECRET 292
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00416 230938Z
2
11
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 1026 W
029256
R 230905Z FEB 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
EXCELS
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 5744
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
AMEMBASSY LONDON
USMISSION USUN
USMISSION NATO
SECRE T NICOSIA 416
STUATION ROOM
WHITE HOUSE
72 FEB 23 PM 4:01 01
EXDIS
SUBJECT: CYPRUS: DISCUSSIONS ON CZECH ARMS.
REF: STATE 30413 NICOSIA 409
IN NICOSIA 409, WHICH CROSSED STATE REFTEL WE REPORTED ON
CURRENT FORMAL STATUS OF CZECH ARMS PROBLEM. GOC COMMENTS TO
OSORIO HAVE ALL BEEN INFORMAL. GOC POSITION ON RELATIONSHOP BETWEEN
GRIVAS AND ARMS HAS BEEN STATED NOT ONLY TO OSORIO BUT TO US
AND PRESUMABLY TO OTHERS. AS RECENTLY AS EVENING FEB 22
FONOFF DIRGEN VENIAMIN REPEATED TO DCM THAT "THE ARMS
WILL BE NO PROBLEM IF GRIVAS LEAVES CHPRI AND GREECE CEASES
ITS SUPPORT OF CLANDESTINE GROUPS."
POPPER
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT
OF
STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
SECRET 819
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00399 191447Z
53
2
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 1026 W
011838
R 191045Z FEB 72 ZFD
FM AMEMBASSY NIEOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 5732
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
AMEMBASSY LONDON
AMEMBASSY MOSCOW
USMISSION USUN
USMISSION NATO
SECRE T NICOSIA 0399
EXDIS
DEPARTMENT PASS EUCOM USDOCOSOUTH
SUBJECT: CYPRUS CZECH ARMS
1. SUMMARY: IT WOULD APPEAR THAT CYPRUS ORDERED CZECH
ARMS BEFORE GRIVAS RETURN. REASON FOR THIS WAS THAT
MAKARIOS HAD COME TO FEEL HE COULD NOT TRSUT HIS
FORCES CONTROLLED BY MAINLAND OFFICERS.
2. IN CONTEXT OF DISCUSSION WHICH TOOK PLACE AT SOCIAL
AFFAIR FED 18, DCM RECALLED TO FONOFF
DIR GEN VENIAMIN LATOR'S REMARKS OF FEB 11 (PARA 5,
NICOSIA 3021 CONCERNING NOTIFICATION GIVEN GOG OF
MAKARIOS. INTERNTION PURCHASE ARMS IN EASTERN EUROPE.
DCM ASKED IF VENIAMIN COULD BE MORE PRECISE AS TO
WHEN TRANACTION WAS NEGOTIATED. AGAIN ASKING THAT HE
NOT BE QUOTED AS SOURCE OF THIS INFORMATION AND SPEAKING
VERY CAREFULLY VENIAMIN SAID: "I WAS THE NEGOTIATOR.
NEGOTIATIONS DID NOT TAKE PLACE IN PRAGUE. TRANSACTION
WAS CONCLUDED WITHIN THE PAST YEAR. GOVT OF GREECE WAS
INFORMED. GOC WOULD NOT TRY TO ASSERT THAT GOG HAD EVER
INDICATED EXPLICIT APPROVAL
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
*
EXETS
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
SECRET
PAGE 02 NICOSI 00399 191447Z
3. BY USING THE PHRASE "WITHIN THE PAST YEAR" VENIAMIN
WAS CANDIDLY PASSING UP A CHANCE TO LINK ARMS TO GRIVAS
RETURN, SUBSTANTIATING PALAMAS. ASSERTION TO AMB
TASCA (ATHENS 8661.
4. COMMENT: WE WOULD POINT OUT THAT, EVEN ABSENT THE RETURN
OF GRAVAS TO CYPRUS, MAKARIOS FELT THAT HE REQUIRED EQUIPMENT FOR
A MODEST FORCE WHICH WAS CLEARLY LOYAL TO HIM. WE KNOW THAT AFTER
MARCH 1970 ASSASSINATION ATTEMPT FOR WHICH HE HELD GREECE
RESPONSIBLE, IT EVIDENT HE COULD NO LONGER TRUST HIS PERSONAL
SAFETY AND THE SECURITY OF HIS GOVT TO THE HANDS OF FORCES
CONTROLLED TO A GREATER OR LESSER EXTENT BY GREECE,
THE MORE SO SINCE MAINLAND OFFICERS WERE KNOWN TO BE
INDOCTRINATING CYPRIOT RECRUITS AGAINST MAKARIOS. GP - 3°
POPPER
NOTE BY OC/T: NOT PASSED EUCOM USDOCOSOUTH.
EXCES EXPIS
NO TO BE REPRODUCED
"HOUT THE SECRET AUTHORIZATION OF E EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
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DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Department of State
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TELEGRAM
SECRET 671
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00396 191037Z
10
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 1026 W
010910
R 191000Z FEB 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 5729
SECRE T NICOSIA 396
EXDIS
SUBJ: RECOMMENDED RESUMPTION OF NORMAL CONTACTS WITH GOC
1. FONOFF DIR GEN VENIAMIN INFORMED ME AT SOCIAL AFFAIR EVENING
FEB 18 THAT HE PERSONALLY HAD HAD MOMENTS OF DOUBT ABOUT USG
POLICY IN CYPRUS CONFRONTATION WITH GREECE. HE SAID HE
HAD BEEN STRUCK BY THE FACT THAT FOLLOWING MY PRECIPITATE
RETURN TO CYPRUS THERE HAD NOT BEEN THE CONTACT
WITH ARCHBISHOP AND OTHER CYPRIOT OFFICIALS WHICH GOC
WOULD HAVE CONSIDERED NORMAL IN THE CIRCUMSTANCES.
2. I TOLD VENIAMIN THAT THIS HAD BEEN DELIBERATE. AS IN PAST
MOMENTS OF CRISIS I HAD FELT THAT DIRECT CONTACT WITH HIS BEATITUDE
WOULD HAVE TENDED ESCALATE THE SITUATION. MY UNDERSTANDING WAS THAT
MAKARIOS' OBJECTIVE HAD BEEN TO COOL THINGS DOWN. MY
OBJECTIVE HAD BEEN TO CONTRIBUTE TO HIS EFFORTS.
3. AS LAST WEEK'S ACUTENESS HAS LARGELY GONE OUT OF
THE ATMOSPHERE, I FEEL THAT I AND MEMBERS OF EMBASSY
STAFF SHOULD BEGIN TO SLIP BACK INTO NORMAL PATTERNS OF
CONTACT EARLY NEXT WEEK. IF WE DO NOT DO SO, "MOMENTS
OF DOUBT" AS MENTIONED BY VENIAMIN COULD TURN INTO
GENERALIZED, ACTIVE SUSPICIONS.
4. SPECIFICALLY, RECOMMEND I BE AUTHORIZED SEEK AN APPOINT-
MENT WITH MAKARIOS FOR MID-WEEK FOR GENERAL REVIEW OF SITUATION.
GP - 3 -
POPPER
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Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
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PAGE 01 NICOSI 00394 191050Z
2
17
ACTION SS-25
IM
INFO OCT-01 1026 W
010974
R 190920Z FEB 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 5727
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
AMEMBASSY LONDON
USMISSION USUN
SECRE T NICOSIA 394
EXDIS
SUBJECT: CYPRUS - DISCUSSIONS ON CZECH ARMS
REF: ATHENS 967, USUN 613
1. AT SOCIAL AFFAIR EVENING FEB 18 UNSYG SPECIAL REP OSORIO-
TAFALL TOLD ME OF HIS EFFORTS TO WORK FROM THIS END TOWARD
SOLUTION OF CZECH ARMS PROBLEM. AS FALLBACK HE INDICATED HE
WAS ABOUT TO PROBE CYPRUS GOVT RE POSSIBILITY OF SOME ARRANGE-
MENT FOLLOWING GENERAL LINES OF 1967 AGREEMENT FOR HANDLING
FIRST CZECH ARMS SHIPMENT. WHILE WE HAVE NOT HAD CHANCE TO
RESEARCH DOCUMENTS WE UNDERSTAND THIS INCLUDED TEMPORARY
SSURANCE AGAINST DISTRIBUTION: COMMITMENT TO DISTRIBUTE SMALL
ARMS ONLY AFTER ADVANCE NOTICE TO UN: AND ARRANGEMENT FOR
PEIODIC INSPECTION OF ARMS BY UNFICYP COMMANDER. NATURALLY
OSORIO IS TRYING IN FIRST INSTANCE FOR ACTUAL UNFICYP CUSTODY
OF ARMS, BUT BOTH UN AND 00C ARE NECESSARILY INFLUENCED 0
SOME DEGREE BY PRECEDENT.
2. UNVARYING POSITION OF CYPRUS GOVT So FAR IS THAT THE
ARMS WERE IMPORTED ONLY TO GIVE - PRESIDENT MAKARIOS DEGREE OF
PROTECTION HE NEEDS AGAINST ATTACKS ON GOVT AND HIMSELF
PERSONALLY. AS SOON ÀS GRIVAS AND HIS SUPPORTERS ARE
REMOVED AS THREATS, GOC SAYS, IT WILL BE WILLING TO DISCUSS
ARMS IN SPIRIT OF ACCOMMODATION.
LETECKYW
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
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PAGE 02 NICOSI 00394 191050Z
DE
3. OSORIO IS CONTINUING HIS CONSULTATIONS OVER WEEKEND.
GP = 3 .
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NOT TO BE REPRODUCED V HOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF
E EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
hh/si/ebs
иот
DEPARTMENT OF STATE BODNCED
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SECRET 972
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00361 161808Z
02
47
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 sso-00 CCO-00 NSCE-00 /026 W
EXAMS
SITUATION ROOM
WHITE HOT SE
OR 161750Z FEB 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
'72 FEB 16 PM 11793 11
3
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 5706
INFO AMEMBASSY ATHENS IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY ANKARA IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY LONDON
USMISSION NATO
USMISSION USUN
S E CRE T NICOSIA 361
EXDIS
SUBJECT: PANAYOTACOS HAS LEFT CYPRUS
REF: ATHENS 897
1. PANAYOTACOS LEFT BY SHIP FOR PIRAEUS AT ABOUT 4 P.M. THIS
AFTERNOON. WHILE IN LIMASSOL HE DID CALL OF BISHOP OF KITIUM -
SIMPLY TO TAKE LEAVE, ACCORDING GREEKEMB.
2. COMMENT: HOLY SYNOD MEETS PERIODICALLY AND FREQUENTLY
CLASHES WITH ARCHBISHOP SINCE ITS MEMBERS ARE STRONGLY PRO-
ENOSIST. WHETHER GREEK ATTEMPT TO IMPOSE SETTLEMENT ON GOC
WILL AFFECT BISHOPS IT IS DIFFICULT TO SAY. WORTH NOTING,
HOWEVER, THAT ON PREVIOUS OCCASIONS MAKARIOS HAS ALWAYS
MANAGED TO OVERCOME BISHOPS' OPPOSITION.
POPPER
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PAGE 01 NICOSI 00389 181633Z
42
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT 01 1026 W
SITUATION WHITE HOUSE ROOM BR4177
'72 FEB 18 PM 7:32
P R 181600Z FEB 72
3
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 5723
INFO AMEMBASSY ATHENS
AMEMBASSY ANKARA
USMISSION USUN
SECRE T NICOSIA 389
EXDIS
SUBJECT: CYPRUS -- NEW ELEMENT
REF: ATHENS 923, NICOSIA 226
1 - WE READ WITH GREAT INTEREST ATHENS 923. WE AGREE THAT AS
WE SAID IN NICOSIA 226, COOPERATION BETWEEN GREECE AND TURKEY
ON CYPRUS IS AN IMPORTANT NEW ELEMENT IN SITUATION. ATHENS
RIGHTLY MAKES POINT THAT THIS REPRESENTS MAJOR ELEMENT OF
CONSTRAINT UPON MAKARIOS.
2. HOWEVER, EVERYTHING WE HAVE SEEN INDICATES GREEK TURKISH
COOPERATION AS IT ACTUALLY EXISTS IS FRAGILE PLATFORM FOR ACTION
AGAINST SHREWD AND STUBBORN OPERATOR LIKE MAKARIOS. ERALP'S
TALK WITH AMB. HANDLEY (ANKARA 1168), AND INFOR FROM TURKISH
EMBASSY HERE INICOSIA 316 AND 3901 APPEAR TO
DEMONSTRATE THAT WHILE THERE MAY BE LOOSE AGREEMENT AS TO
OBJECTIVES THE TWO GOVTS ARE NOT IN TOUCH ON TACTICS.
3. IT STRIKES US THAT IMMEDIATE NEED MAY BE TO GIVE GREEKS
A HAND TO EXTRICATE THEM FROM THEIR PRESENT EMBARRASSING
POSITION, SO THAT THEY ARE NOT TEMPTED TOUNDERTAKE SOME RASH
OR PREMATURE ACTION. WE WONDER WHETHER USG, WITHOUT ENGAGING
IN ANY PUBLIC DISPLAY OF DIPLOMACY, MIGHT NOT APPROACH PARTIES
PRINCIPALLY CONCERNED, INCLUDING PERHAPS BRITISH, WITH KIND OF
PACKAGE PROPOSAL DEPT, ATHENS, ANKARA AND WE WERE DISCUSSING
LAST WEEK (OUR VERSION IN NICOSIA 3111.
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
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PAGE 02 NICOSI 00389 181633Z
4. OUR OWN VIEWS, REVISED AND EXPANDED, WOULD COVER FOLLOWING
POINTS DESIGNED TO HELP PATCH UP ATHENS-NICOSIA RIFT AND GET
CONSTITUTIONAL TALKS UNDER WAY:
(A) DISPATCH OF EMISSARY, PERHAPS CLERIDES, TO ATHENS
TO TALK THINGS OVER -- THIS TO SYMBOLIZE MAKARIOS® WISH TO HAVE
FULL UNDERSTANDING WITH GOG.
(B) STERILIZATION OF ARMS -- UNDER UNFICYP CUSTODY.
(C) SOME MODIFICATION OF COUNCIL OF MINISTERS, BUT AFTER THE
OBVIOUS PRESSURE IS OFF.
(D) REMOVAL OF GRIVAS FROM CYPRUS, AND CESSATION OF GOG
SUPPORT FOR CLANDESTINE GROUPS.
(E) ASSURANCE BY MAKARIOS, PERHAPS IN SPECIFIC TERMS, OF
REAL FLEXIBILITY IN NEW PHASE OF TALKS.
(F) ACCEPTANCE OF U.S. DECONFRONTATION PROPOSAL.
(G) PUBLIC STATEMENT BY MAKARIOS, APPROPRIATELY TIMED, THAT
THERE IS NO RIFT BETWEEN HIM AND ATHENS.
(H) PRIVATE ASSURANCE BY MAKARIOS TO GOG THAT HE WILL
HOLD LYSSARIDES AND CYPRIOT COMMUNISTS MORE AT ARMS LENGHT.
POPPER
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4
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PAGE 01 NICOSI 00381 181611Z
42
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 /026 W
004009
R 181345Z FEB 72
FM AMEMBASSY NIEOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 5720
INFO AMEMBASSY ATHENS
AMEMBASSY ANKARA
SECRE T NICOSIA 381
EXDIS
SITUATION ROOM
WHITE HOUSE
SUBJ: REPORT THAT GREEK GOVT DOES NOT KNOW WHERE BOUTS
'72 FEB 18 PM 70 32
GRIVAS
REF: ATHENS 931: STATE 28387
WE REGARD REPORT OF GREEK ARMY HQ AS EITHER UNINTENTIONALLY
WRONG OR A DELIBERATE FALSE SCENT. THERE IS TOO MUCH
EVIDENCE ON THE OTHER SIDE TO SHOW GOG'S INDENTIFICATION IN
SOME FORM WITH GRIVAS® RETURN TO CYPRUS AND HIS ACTIVITIES HERE.
WE WOULD NOTE, INTER ALIA, NKA 2124, 2131, 2134 (NONE
ABSOLUTELY CONCLUSIVE, WE WOULD AGREE) AND QUITE CONCLUSIVELY,
WE BELIEVE, PANAYOTACOS DIRECT STATEMENTS TO UNSYG SPECIAL
REP OSORIO-FATALL (PARA 3 NICOSIA 296 AND PARA 6 NICOSIA
3021 AND TO US CHARGE (PARA 4 NICOSIA 305). GP-30
POPPER
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE-AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
55
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
EXPIS EXCES
SECRET 549
SITUATION SITUA ROOM
WHITE HOUSE
16
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00356 161323Z
PM
47
0
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 1026 W
115913
P 161205Z FEB 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 5702
L.C.
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY ATHENS PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY LONDON PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY MOSCOW PRIORITY
USMISSION USUN PRIORITY
USMISSION NATO PRIORITY
S E C R E T NICOSIA 356
EXDIS
SUBJECT: CYPRUS: ROUND ONE TO MAKARIOS
1. SUMMARY: ON BALANCE MAKARIOS HAS REASON FEEL SATISFIED
WITH RESULTS OF FIRST PHASE OF HIS NEWEST ENCOUNTER WITH
GREEK GOVT: BUT HE MUST BE WELL AWARE HE IS FAR FROM OUT OF
THE WOODS, AND NEXT CRUNCH MAY BE MORE DANGEROUS.
2. FROM A QUICK BALANCE SHEET OF DEVELOPMENTS SINCE USG, ON
FEB 8. FIRST LEARNED THAT GREECE HAD DECIDED USE CZECH ARMS
IMPORTS AS GROUNDS FOR AN EFFORT SUBSTANTIALLY REDUCE
MAKARIOS, AUTHORITY OR REMOVE HIM ENTIRELY, IT WOULD APPEAR
THAT BY SHREWD EXERCISE OF HIS POLITICAL WITS MAKARIOS HAS
SO FAR MORE THAN HELD HIS OWN AGAINST HIS STRONGER ADVERSARY.
3. PLUSES ON MAKARIOS' SIDE OF THE LEDGER ARE:
A - HE HAS GIVEN NO GROUND TO GOG DEMANDS YET MANAGED
APPEAR REASONABLE TO NEUTRAL PARTIES BY SUGGESTING WILLING-
NESS COMPROMISE IF GREECE WILL REMOVE GRIVAS.
B . GOG DEMANDS ARE IN THE PUBLIC DOMAIN, AND GREEK
CYPRIOTS HAVE NOT -- AS PANAYOTACOS PREDICTED -- CLAMORED
FOR MAKARIOS TO COMPLY. ON CONTRARY, CYPRUS COUNCIL OF
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard SECRET Nixon Presidential Library
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DEPARTMENT
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PAGE 02 NICOSI 00356 161323Z
MINISTERS AND PUBLIC AT LARGE APPEAR TO BE SUPPORTING
MAKARIOS. REFUSAL ACCEPT DEMANDS.
C. AMONG MOST GREEK CYPRIOTS, WHAT THEY TERM THE JUNTA
IN GENERAL AND PANAYOTACOS IN PERSON ARE SEEN AS THE VILLAINSM
D . AS WAS THE CASE FOLLOWING MARCH 1970 ASSASSINATION
ATTEMPT, MAKARIOS IS ARTFULLY EXPLOITING A THREAT FROM
OUTSIDE TO UNIFY HIS PEOPLE AND WHIP UP EMOTION IN SUPPORT
OF HIS PERSONAL POSITION.
E . HE HAS CAREFULLY AVOIDED GIVING GOG A TARGET
BY KEEPING LOCAL COMMUNIST SUPPORT AND POSSIBLE SOVIET
INVOLVEMENT IN DEEP RESERVE.
F . HE IS GETTING EXTENSIVE SOV BLOC -- INCLUDING
YUGOSLAV - - PROPAGANDA SUPPORT BUT WITHOUT CUTTING INTO
POTENTIAL HELP FROM WEST. USG, WE THINK HE FEELS, IS NOT
COMMITTED TO GREEK GOVT SIDE AND MAY EVEN BE PREPARED BE
ILDLY HELPFUL.
G ° INTERNATIONAL PRESS IS PROMINENTLY SEIZED OF THE
ISSUE: AT LEAST SUCH AMERICAN CORRESPONDENTS AS
ARE GATHERING IN NICOSIA START WITH A MARKED BIAS AGAINST GOG.
H. PANAYOTACOS LEAVE DEFINITIVELY FEB 16.
-- THERE REMAINS ONE VERY LARGE NEGATIVE FOR MAKARIOS: HE
CAN ASSUME GREEKS WILL MAKE ANOTHER MOVE AGAINST HIM AND,
AS WE POINTED OUT IN NICOSIA 328, GOC HAS LARGE EDGE OVER
MAKARIOS IN TERMS OF LOCALLY APPLICABLE MILITARY POWER.
5. GAINS FOR THE GOG SEEM TO US MUCH MORE LIMITED. IT HAS
EXPOSED THE CZECH ARMS SHIPMENT AND BUILT AND PUBLICIZED A
RECORD OF NON-COMPLIANCE BY MAKARIOS WITH ITS POLITICAL
DEMANDS IT HAS SO FAR BEEN ABLE COUNT USG AS ESSENTIALLY
NEUTRAL, WHICH IS TANTAMOUNT IN THIS SITUATION TO DENYING
MAKARIOS THE DEGREE OF PROTECTION FROM GREEK POWER PLAY
WHICH USG INVOLVEMENT IN GOOD OFFICES ROLE WOULD ENTAIL.
IF CZECH ARMS WERE GOG'S ONLY OR MAJOR OBJECTIVE,
IT COULD BE MILDLY GRATIFIED BY FACT UNSYG HAS VOLUNTEERED
PLAY A HELPFUL ROLE.
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PAGE 03 NICOSI 00356 161323Z
6. MOST OF MAKARIOS. PLUSSES CAN BE CONSIDERED MINUSES
FOR JUNTA. IN ADDITION:
A. AFTER TODAY, GOG WILL NOT HAVE AMBASSADORIAL REPRESENTA-
TION HERE IF IT FOLLOWS THROUGH ON THREAT TO LEAVE
RELATIONS IN HAND OF CHARGE D'AFFAIRES UNTIL MAKARIOS
ACCEPTS ITS PROPOSALS. GREEK COUNSELOR ZAPHIRIOU HAS ONLY
JUST ARRIVED AND HAS LITTLE BACKGROUND.
B. GOG CAN NO LONGER CONVINCINGLY PRETEND GRIVAS IS AN INDE-
PENDENT AGENT. PANAYOTACOS' DIRECT STATEMENT TO OSORIO-TAFALL
AND TO US, AS WELL AS PALAMAS MORE CAUTIOUS AND OBLIQUE
REMARKS, HAVE PRETTY MUCH BLOWN GOG COVER ON THAT ASPECT.
C. CYPRUS SITUATION IS NOW INTERNATIONAL LIMELIGHT.
THIS MAKES CONSEQUENCE OF USING FORCE, EITHER TRHOUGH
GRIVAS OR NATIONAL GUARD FOR COUP D'ETAT OR PERSONAL
ATTACK ON MAKARIOS, MUCH MORE SERIOUS. GIVEN DEGREE TO
WHICH GOG HAS PUBLICLY COMMITTED ITSELF TO ACHIEVEMENT OF
ITS DEMANDS, INTERNATIONAL FOCUS ALSO MAKES IT MORE
DIFFICULT FOR GREECE TO BACK OFF.
7. WITH PANAYOTACOS. DEPARTURE, FIRST PHASE OF CURRENT
SITUATION HAS ENDED. NEXT MOVE IS Up TO GREECE. ONE
POSSIBILITY IS THAT ATHENS WILL SWALLOW HARD, LIMIT ITSELF
TO DIPLOMATIC NEGOTIATION AND TRY TO WORK OUT BEST
ARRANGEMENT IT CAN WITH MAKARIOS AND ANKARA, VERY MUCH AS
IT HAS BEEN DOING FOR ALMOST A YEAR. SECOND POSSIBILITY,
WHICH SEEMS TO US SOMEWHAT MORE LIKELY, IS THAT LEADERS
IN ATHENS WILL NOT BE CONTENT TO ACCEPT REBUFF FROM MAKARIOS
AND WILL MAKE ANOTHER TRY AT NEUTRALIZING OR GETTING RID
OF HIM. DIPLOMATIC PRESSURE HAVING FAILED, USE OF FORCE
WOULD BE A DEFINITE POSSIBILITY -- EITHER GENERALIZED,
THROUGH COUP D'ETAT INVOLVING BOTH NATIONAL GUARD AND GRIVAS
SUPPORTERS, OR PINPOINTED AND INDIRECT, THROUGH EFFORT BY
GRIVAS. MEN TO ATTACK ARCHBISHOP.
8. SITUATION THUS CONTINUES FUNDAMENTALLY UNSTABLE. I
WOULD RAISE QUESTION WHETHER, IF WE HAVE A LITTLE TIME,
USG MIGHT NOT SEEK THROUGH ACTIVE DIPLOMACY TO STEER
PROBLEM TOWARD A DIPLOMATIC RATHER THAN A DYNAMIC SOLUTION.
GP-3. POPPER
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PAGE 01 NICOSI 00340 151119Z
17
ACTION ss-25
INFO OCT-01 SSO-00 CCO-00 NSCE-00 1026 W
SITUATION ROOM
WHITE WHITE HOUSE
'72 FEB 15 PM 106675 14
2
3
0 P 151035Z FEB 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 5696
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY ATHENS PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY LONDON PRIORITY
USMISSION USUN PRIORITY
USMISSION NATO PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY MOSCOW PRIORITY
S E C R E T NICOSIA 340
EXDIS
SUBJECT: SOVIETS REPORTEDLY WARN GOG NOT TO INTERVENE IN
CYPRUS: OTHER DEVELOPMENTS
1. GREEK CYPRIOT PRESS FEB 15 REPORTS SOVIET AMBASSADOR TO
ATHENS YESTERDAY WARNED GOG NOT TO INTERVENE IN CYPRUS
INTERNAL AFFAIRS. IN CALL ON PALAMAS FEB 14, SOV AMBASSADOR
IS SAID TO HAVE STRESSED NEED TO RESPECT CYPRUS INDEPENDENCE
AND SOVEREIGNTY*
2. COMPARISON OF GOG FEB 11 NOTE PUBLISHED LAST NIGHT IN
NICOSIA AND ATHENS WITH TEXT GIVEN EMBASSY ATHENS (ATHENS
7721 RE EALS ONLY ONE SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE. CLAUSE HAS BEEN
DELETED FROM PARA 3 OF EARLIER TEXT TO EFFECT MAKARIOS
"EMPHASIZED HE DID NOT HAVE CONFIDENCE IN THE NATIONAL
GUARD.' COMMENT: EFFECT OF CHANGE IS TO SOFTEN NOTE
SOMEWHAT AND TO PUT IN SLIGHTLY LESS STARK TERMS EXTENT OF
GREEK-CYPRIOT RUPTURE.
3. MAKARIOS DID NOT MAKE RADIO OR TELEVISION ADDRESS
LAST NIGHT, CONTRARY TO CYPRUS BROADCASTING CORP EXPECTATION
REPORTED NICOSIA 331.
4 . GRACE NOTE TO PANAYOTACOS. FEB 14 PRESS CONFERENCE
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PAGE 02 NICOSI 00340 151119Z
WAS REQUEST TO REPORTERS THAT THEY FORGIVE HIM IF "IN
MOMENTS OF NERVOUSNESS" HE MIGHT HAVE USED EXPRESSIONS THAT
COULD BE CONSIDERED "TOO AUSTERE OR CRITICAL."
5. DURING THE PAST 24 HOURS, TURK CYPRIOTS HAVE INTENSIFIED
RESTRICTIONS ON PEOPLE LEAVING THE NICOSIA ENCLAVE. THOSE
LACKING PRESSING BUSINESS ON THE GREEK SIDE HAVE BEEN TURNED
BACK BY TURK CYPRIOT POLICE. WE ALSO UNDERSTAND TMT
FIGHTERS VISITED HOMES IN THE TURKISH QUARTER LAST NIGHT
ADVISING RESIDENTS TO STOCKPILE THREE-DAY FOOD SUPPLY.
GP-4.
POPPER
M
МООЯ MOOR HOITAUTIZ MOITAUTI2
is 12 bw
Department
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PAGE 01 NICOSI 00334 150325Z
22
88
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 SSO-00 NSCE-00 1026 W
EXATE
0 P 150255Z FEB 72
SITUATION ROOM
WHITE ROUSE WHITE HOUSE 184344
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 5694
'72 FEB 15 AM 7:43 43
INFO AMEMBASSY ATHENS PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY ANKARA PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY LONDON PRIORITY
USMISSION USUN PRIORITY
USMISSION NATO PRIORITY
SECRE T NICOSIA 334
EXDIS
1. BUILD-UP OF PRO-MAKARIOS DELEMENTS AROUND ARCHBISHOPRIC
IS CONTINUING. UNFICYP REPORTS THAT AS OF 0430 LOCAL
10230 GMT) 20 BUSLOADS OF UNARMED CIVILIANS HAVE BEEN CLEARED
THROUGH CYPOL PERIMETER CHECK POINTS AND ARRIVED IN AREA OF
ARCHBISHOPRIC. MORE APPARENTLY EN ROUTE INTO CITY. UNFICYP
HAS JUST BEEN INFORMED RY CYPOL THAT THIS TRAFFIC INTO
NICOSIA IS FOR PURPOSE OF A "SPONTANEOUS" PRO-MAKARIOS
DEMONSTRATION FEB 15.
2.° TURKISH CYPRIOTS NOW SENSITIZED TO THIS MOVEMENT BUT
ARE OBSERVING ONLY.
3. WE NOTE THAT SUMMARY TEXT OF ITS FEB 11 MEMORANDUM TO
MAKARIOS RELEASED BY GOG AND CARRIED ATHENS ARMED FORCES
RADIO 2100 GMT FEB 14 (FBIS KYRENIA M142221) APPEARS
DESIGNED EMPHASIZE INTRANSIGENCE OF MAKARIOS AND RESULTANT
SHARPNESS OF CONFRONTATION BETWEEN GOG AND GOC.
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PAGE 01 NICOSI 00333 1502102
91
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 SSO-00 NSCE-00 CCO-00 1026 W
0 150150Z FEB 72
FM AMEVASSY NICOSIA
SITUATION ROOM
WHITE HOUSE 123915
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 5693
'72 FEB 15 AM 7:43 43
2
INFO USMISSION USUN IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY ATHENS IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY ANKARA IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY LONDON IMMEDIATE
USMISSION NATO IMMEDIATE
SECRE T NICOSIA 333
EXDIS
1. AS OF 0330 LOCAL 10130 ZULU) UNFICYP SOURCE (PROTECT)
ADVISES:
2. CYPOL HAS ESTABLISHED POLICE CHECKS ON ALL MAJOR
ROADS INTO NICOSIA.
3. 5-6 BUSLOADS OF CIVILIANS HAVE ARRIVED AT ARCHBISHOP'S
RESIDENCE
4 * NATIONAL GUARD CHECK POINT APPEARS TO HAVE BEEN SET UP
OUTSIDE CYPOL PERIMETER STATION ON LARNACA-NICOSIA ROAD.
5. MERCHANT VESSEL ANCHORED OFF MORPHOU BAY HAS BEEN
IDENTIFIED AS SOVIET FLAG, REGISTERED IN ARCHANGEL,
5,000 - 6,000 TONS.
6. COMMENT: ACTIVITIES CITED PARAS 2 AND 3 APPARENTLY PRO-
MAKARIOS DEFENSIVE MEASURES.
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PAGE 01 NICOSI 00332 141938Z
02
45
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 SSO-00 NSCE-00 CCO-00 1026 W
0 141925Z FEB 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
SITUATION ROOM
WHITE-HOUSE HOUSE
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 5692
'72 FEB 15 181859 AM 7:43 7 43
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY ATHENS IMMEDIATE
USMISSION USUN IMMEDIATE
SECRE T NICOSIA 332
EXDIS
REF: STATE 25489
CLERIDES INFORMED 2045 LOCAL. HE IS NOW TALKING TO
PARLIAMENTARIANS AND HIS WIFE TELLS ME HE EXPECTS TO GO TO
PRESIDENTIAL PALACE LATER TONIGHT. OTHER SOURCE SAYS GUARDS
AROUND PALACE DOUBLED OR TREBLED. CLERIDES SAID HE WOULD
CALL ME LATER IF HE HAD ADDITIONAL INFO TO CONVEY.
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PAGE 01 NICOSI 00330 141823Z
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ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 SSO-00 NSCE-00 CCO-00 /026 W
0 141805Z FEB 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
SITUATION ROOM
WHITE 181438 OUSE
TO SECSTATE WAHSDC IMMEDIATE 5690
'72 FEB 15 AM 7:43 7 43
02
INFO AMEMBASSY ATHENS IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY ANKARA IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY LONDON IMMEDIATE
USMISSION USN IMMEDIATE
USMISSION NATO IMMEDIATE
SECRE T NICOSIA 330
EXDIS
REF: NICOSIA 322
AT 7:30 PM LOCAL CLERIDES TELEPHONED ME TO ASK IF I HAD
RECEIVED ANY WORD FROM WASHINGTON RE OUR CONVERSATION. I
SAID I HAD NOT BUT WOULD NOTIFY HIM AT ONCE IF I DID.
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PAGE 01 NICOSI 00328 141720Z
45
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 SSO-00 1026 W
100994
3
EXCE
P 141650Z FEB 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 5688
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY ATHENS PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY LONDON PRIORITY
USMISSION USUN PRIORITY
USMISSION NATO PRIORITY
SEC R E T NICOSIA 328
EXDIS
NOFORN
SUBJECT: UNFICYP ESTIMATE OF FORCE ALIGNMENT PRO AND ANTI
MAKARIOS
1. IN A RECENT UPDATED ESTIMATE, UNFICYP HAS DRAWN THE
BALANCE OF MILITARY AND PARAMILITARY FORCES FOR AND AGAINST
MAKARIOS. CONCLUSION IS THAT GOG WOULD HAVE CLEAR UPPER
HAND IN A POWER CONFRONTATION. UNFICYP ASSESSMENT AS FOLLOWS:
PRO-MAKARIOS FORCES: MAKARIOS CAN COUNT WITH CERTAINTY
ON A PAID BODY OF 300-400 UN-UNIFORMED GUNMEN RECRUITED FOR
LOYALTY TO HIM AND HAVING VARIOUS DEGREES MILITARY AND PARA-
MILITARY FROM EOKA DAYS, NATIONAL GUARD SERVICE OR
POLICETRAINING IN ADDITION, HE CAN PROBABLY ALTHOUGH LESS
CERTAINLY RELY ON HELP FROM COMMUNIST FIGHTER GROUPS
ORGANIZED UNDER AKEL AND DR. LYSSARIDES. AT MAXIMUM THESE
ARE ESTIMATED AT 1,000 MEN. FINALLY, MAKARIOS CAN EXPECT
LITTLE OR NO HELP FROM 3,000 MAN CYPOL. ITS SENIOR
LEADERSHIP IS LOYAL TO HIM BUT BELOW THAT LEVEL THERE ARE
MAN GEORKADJIS APPOINTEES. UNFICYP ESTIMATES MAJORITY
OF CYPOL WOULD EITHER STAY NEUTRAL OR SWING OVER TO OTHER
SIDE IF IT SAW FAR SUPERIOR NATIONAL GUARD COMMITTED
AGAINST MAKARIOS.
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PAGE 02 NICOSI 00328 141720Z
FORCES AT GOG DISPOSAL: GENERAL HARALAMBOPOULOS, MAIN-
LAND COMMANDER 9,500 MAN NATIONAL GUARD, HAS AN ESTIMATED
3,000 TROOPS POISED IN OR CLOSE BY NICOSIA. THESE
ARE TROOPS JUDGED LOYAL TO THEIR MAINLAND OFFICERS AND
GROUP INCLUDES ELITIST RAIDING FORCE. HARALAMBOPOULOS ALSO
CONTROLS 27 TANKS AND ASSORTED ARMORED CARS AND ARTILLERY
IN NICOSIA AREA. UNFICYP'S BEST GUESS IS THAT GRIVAS HAS
RECRUITED 300-400 MEN SINCE HIS RETURN TO CYPRUS
LAST YEAR.
2. GAME-PLANNING A GOG SCRIPT TO SEIZE POWER FROM MAKARIOS,
UNFICYP CALCULATES ERUPTION OF SCATTERED ACTS OF VIOLENCE
AT SELECTED LOCATIONS AROUND CYPRUS, CARRIED OUT BY GRIVAS
FOLLOWERS, FOLLOWED WITHIN A MATTER OF FEW HOURS BY
HARALAMBOPOULOS SEIZURE ALL KEY INSTALLATIONS IN NICOSIA
UNDER A DECLARATION OF MARTIAL LAW. UNFICYP REASONS
HARALAMBOPOULOS WOULD NOT WANT TO DELAY THIS ACTION AFTER
FIRST VIOLENCE LEST CYPOL GET COMMITTED ON MAKARIOS' SIDE.
GP - 3 .
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PAGE 01 NICOSI 00321 141413Z
2
45
ACTION SS-25
0 141315Z FEB 72
SITUATION.ROOM SITUATIO 899743 ROOM
WHITE
INFO OCT-01 SSO-00 NSCE-00 CCO-00 1026 W
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 5682
'72 FEB 14 PM :25 25
INFO AMEMBASSY ATHENS IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY ANKARA IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY LONDON IMMEDIATE
USMISSION USUN IMMEDIATE
USMISSION NATO IMMEDIATE
S EC R E T NICOSIA 321
EXDIS
SUBJECT: CYPRUS - - A POSSIBLE UN MOVE TO DEFUSE CRISIS
1. SUMMARY: UNFICYP LEADERS SEEK OUR VIEW ON A PROPOSAL THEY
WOULD LIKE UN SECRETARY GENERAL TO MAKE TO MAKARIOS, TO TRANSFER
CZECH ARMS TO UNFICYP CUSTODY TEMPORARILY, PENDING SETTLEMENT
OTHER PROBLEMS. ACTION REQUESTED: DEPT RESPONSE.
2. I SAW UN SPECIAL
REP OSORIO-TAFALL TAFALL AND UNFICYP COMMANDER
PREM CHAND TOGETHER, MORNING FEB 14. AFTER DISCURSIVE REVIEW
OF GENERAL SITUATION THEY MADE INFORMAL SUGGESTION AS TO HOW
PRESENT TENSION MIGHT BE EASED, WHICH I AGREED TO REPORT TO
DEPT FOR REACTION.
3. THEIR THINKING STARTS FROM PREMISE THAT A SIMPLE "NO"
BY ARCHBISHOP TO GREEK GOVT DEMANDS -- NOT UNLIKELY, GIVEN HIS
STUBBORNNESS -- COULD PRECIPITATE A FULL-SCALE CRISIS SINCE
GOG IS TOO PUBLICLY COMMITTED TO BACK DOWN WITHOUT ANY SATIS-
FACTION. INITIALLY AND SUPERFICIALLY, CRISIS MIGHT SEEM TO BE
BETWEEN GREEKS AND GREEK CYPRIOTS, WITH TURKISH SIDE LOOKING ON.
BUT IN FACT UNFICYP KNOWS THAT TURKS ARE DEEPLY WORRIED BY EFFECT
OF CZECH ARMS ON OVERALL POWER BALANCE IN CYPRUS. IF THESE REMAIN
IN PICTURE, TURKS WILL REDRESS BALANCE IN ONE WAY OR ANOTHER. SEEN
IN THIS LIGHT, MOST IMMEDIATE AND URGENT ASPECT OF SITUATION
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
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PAGE 02 NICOSI 00321 141413Z
IS TO DEAL WITH THE ARMS PROBLEM, AS MUCH FROM STANDPOINT OF
PEACEKEEPING AS OF RELATIONS BETWEEN GREECE AND CYPRUS.
4. OSORIO AND PREM THEREFORE HAVE IN MIND POSSIBILITY OF
INITIATIVE BY UNSYG IN FORM OF COMMUNICATION FROM HIM TO
MAKARIOS PROPOSING THAT THE CZECH ARMS BE TRANSFERRED TO UNFICYP
CUSTODY AS A TEMPORARY OR PROVISIONAL MATTER, PENDING SATISFACTORY
ARRANGEMENTS ON OTHER ASPECTS OF SITUATION WITH A BEARING ON
UN PEACEKEEPING. (THIS IS NOT THEIR EXACT FORMULATION, BUT THE
BEST APPROXIMATION I CAN MAKE TO WHAT THEY HAVE IN MIND.)
5. OSORIO AND PREM BELIEVE THAT IF MAKARIOS FEELS SUFFICIENTLY
HEMMED IN, HE JUST MIGHT ACCEPT THIS PROPOSAL. HE WOULD BE
GIVINGUP THE ARMS, TO BE SURE: BUT IT WOULD THEN BECOME MUCH
HARDER FOR GREEKS TO PRESS THEIR POLITICAL DEMANDS, AND THE
TURKS WOULD HAVE NO GROUND FOR ANY FURTHER REACTION. THOUGH
A "TEMPORARY" MEASURE, THE ARMS TRANSFER WOULD BE OPEN-ENDED ENDED
IN TIME AND MIGHT WELL BECOME PERMANENT.
6. THE UN OFFICIALS RECOGNIZE THAT MAKARIOS WOULD
BE VERY LIKELY TO REFUSE TO TAKE THIS STEP WITHOUT ANY EQUIVALENT
GESTURE FROM OTHER SIDE. NEVERTHELESS, MAKARIOS WOULD
HAVE TO REPLY TO SYG AND THUS AT VERY LEAST A NEW LINE OF
DIPLOMATIC MANEUVER WOULD BE OPENED UP WHICH WOULD HELP TO
AVOID HARD DEADLOCK.
70 COMMENT: WHILE CHANCES ARE SMALL, I CAN SEE NO HARM IN THIS
AS A STRICTLY UN EXERCISE, AND IT MIGHT HAVE USEFUL SIDE EFFECTS.
PLEASE ADVISE AS TO RESPONSE I SHOULD MAKE.
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PAGE 01 NICOSI 00322 141426Z
2
42
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 SSO-00 CCO-00 NSCE-00 1026 W
Z 0 141355Z FEB 72
SITUATION.ROOM ROOM
WHITE WHITE HOUSE HOUSE 139831
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
'72 FEB 14 PM 1:25 I 25
TO SECSTATE WASHDC FLASH 5683
INFO AMEMBASSY ATHENS IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY ANKARA IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY LONDON IMMEDIATE
USMISSION USUN IMMEDIATE
USMISSION NATO IMMEDIATE
SECRE T NICOSIA 322
EXDIS
REF: NICOSIA 319
SUBJECT: CYPRUS: MAKARIOS EXPECTS GREEKS TO MOVE TONIGHT
1. JUST BEFORE LUNCH CLERIDES ASKED TO SEE ME URGENTLY, AND
I WAS UNABLE TO POSTPONE CONVERSATION BEYOND 3:00 P.M. LOCAL.
2. CLERIDES ASSERTED THAT EX-GREEK AMB PANAYOTACOS HAD NOT
DIRECTLY REQUESTED ARCHBISHOP TO WITHDRAW FROM PRESIDENCY,
BUT THAT HE HAD TRANSMITTED MESSAGE THROUGH OSORIO AND,
THIS MORNING, THROUGH BISHOP OF KITIUM. WHILE FRAMED AS
"ADVICE", PANAYOTACOS HAD MADE IT CLEAR THAT IF MAKARIOS
DID NOT COMPLY, GREEK GOVT WOULD NOT ACCEPT THIS. IF HE
DID, GRIVAS WOULD LEAVE.
3. MAKARIOS CONSIDERS THAT THIS DEMAND BY PANAYOTACOS
HAS LEFT VITUALLY NO ROOM FOR NEGOTIATION. CLERIDES
CONSIDERS THAT CONTINUATION OF HIS MEDIATION EFFORT IS IMPOSSIBLE
IN THIS SITUATION.
4.0 CLERIDES SAID ARCHBISHOP HAS LEARNED FROM RELIABLE SOURCE IN
ATHENS THAT GREEKS PLAN TO MOVE TONIGHT. HE SAYS c THAT ARCHBISHOP
WILL NOT BE TAKEN BY SURPRISE. THEREFORE, ANY MOVE BY GREECE
WILL MEAN VIOLENCE. COMMENT: WE CANNOT AT MOMENT ASSESS
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ACCURACY OF ARCHBISHOP'S INFO.
5. I SAID I WOULD REPORT IMMEDIATELY TO WASHINGTON.
6. ACTION REQUESTED: I URGE DEPT TO ASK AMB. TASCA To SEEK
IMMEDIATE ASSURANCE FROM GOG THAT NO SUCH ACT OF VIOLENCE WILL
TAKE PLACE AND THAT NEGOTIATIONS LOOKING TOWARD A PEACEFUL
SOLUTION WILL CONTINUE. PLEASE INFROM ME YOUR REACTION SOONEST,
TOGETHER WITH INDICATION OF WHAT I CAN TELL CLERIDES.
7. INCIDENTALLY, WE LEARN THAT TCPA HAS RESTRICTED ALL
TURK CYPRIOTS TO ENCLAVES AS OF NOON LOCAL TODAY.
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PAGE 01 NICOSI 00320 141328Z
2
2L.
42
3
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 CCO-00 SSO-00 NSCE-00 /026 W
0 141240Z FEB 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 5681
SITUATION ROOM
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA IMMEDIATE
FEB 1944861 PM 1:25 25
WHI HOUSE
AMEMBASSY ATHENS IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY LONDON IMMEDIATE
USMON USUN IMMEDIATE
USMISSION NATO IMMEDIATE
SECRE T NICOSIA 320
EXDIS
10 SUMMARY: CLERIDES CONTINUING MEDIATION EFFORTS BETWEEN
EXSIS
GOG (PANAYOTACOS) AND MAKARIOS. IMPORT OF OUR ALOOFNESS
LIKELY BECOME APPARENT TO GOC SOON.
2° FROM AN ASSOCIATE OF SAMPSON WE UNDERSTAND THAT THE
CLERIDES-SAMPSON=PARASKEVAIDES - - EFFORT MEDIATE BETWEEN
PANAYOTACOS AND MAKARIOS CONTINUING (DESPITE PANAYOTACOS
REMARK TO UK HIGH COMMISSIONER EDMONDS FEB 13: PARA 3,
NICOSIA 3151. CLERIDES ET AL EXPECT CALL ON BOTH MAKARIOS
AND PANAYOTACOS AGAIN FEB 14.
3. SAME SOURCE INFORMED OUR PAO FEB 14 THAT ACCORDING HIGH
LEVEL OFFICIALS, GOC PLEASED THAT AMERICAN AMBASSADOR HAD
RETURNED AND LOOKED TO HIM TO PLAY HELPFUL ROLE IN THIS
SITUATION. SOURCE ASKED IF AMBASSADOR HAD SOUGHT APPOINTMENT
WITH MAKARIOS PAO PARRIED THIS BY SAYING HE DID NOT KNOW.
40 USIS IS BEING BARRAGED BY REPORTERS SEEKING INFORMATION
ON US ATTITUDES, PROSPECTIVE ROLE, ETC. WE REPLYING USING
GUIDANCE FROM DEPT SAYING ONLY THAT USG FOLLOWING DEVELOP- -
MENTS CLOSELY.
5. COMMENT: FACT THAT I AM NOT SEEKING TO SEE MAKARIOS
COULD PRODUCE DIFFERENT REACTIONS IN DIFFERENT QUARTERS.
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
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PRESS AND PUBLIC COULD CONCLUDE THAT IT BETOKENS APPROVAL
OF GOG ACTIONS, WITH CONSEQUENT REINFORCEMENT OF SOVIET
PROPAGANDA LINE. WE HAVE SOME REASON BELIEVE, HOWEVER, THAT
AT THIS TIME ARCHBISHOP FORTUNATELY STILL SEES IT IN A DIFFER-
ENT LIGHT. HIS TACTIC IS TO KEEP COOL, PLAY FOR TIME, DE-
EMPHASIZE ATMOSPHERE OF CRISIS, SUGGEST WILLINGNESS TO
BARGAIN, ETC. - - ALL CALCULATED TO AVOID GIVING GOG PRETEXT
FOR STIMULATION OF VIOLENCE. IN THIS SENSE, FACT THAT I
HAVE NOT SOUGHT APPOINTMENT MAY EVEN BE MILDLY APPRECIATED AS
CONTRIBUTION TO HIS EFFORTS PREVENT ESCALATION. FOR EXAMPLE,
WERE I TO CALL, SOVIET AND OTHER CHIEFS OF MISSION WOULD
FOLLOW SUIT. MEANWHILE MAKARIOS CAN BE IN TOUCH WITH US, AT
WILL THROUGH VENIAMIN. IF THIS AFFAIR SPINS ITSELF OUT
THERE WILL COME A POINT, HOWEVER, AT WHICH ARCHBISHOP WILL
SEE MY STAYING AWAY AS REFLECTING SOMETHING MORE OMINOUS THAN
A SYMPATHETIC UNDERSTANDING OF HIS TACTICAL APPROACH. WE
WILL MONITOR CLOSELY THROUGH RELIABLE SOURCES IN EFFORT
ASCERTAIN HOW LONG WE CAN STRETCH THIS BEFORE BALANCE TIPS.
GP - 3 .
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PAGE 01 NICOSI 00319 141237Z
12
ACTION SS-25
w)
INFO OCT-01 SSO-00 CCO-00 NSCE-00 1026 W
099150
O 141140Z FEB 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 5680
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY ATHENS IMMEDIATE
SITUATION ROOM
WHITE HOUSE
AMEMBASSY LONDON IMMEDIATE
USMISSION USUN IMMEDIATE
'72 FEB 14 PM 1:25 I 25
USMISSION NATO IMMEDIATE
SE C R E T NICOSIA 319
EXDIS
1. CONSIDERABLE CONFUSION HAS ARISEN IN CONNECTION WITH
ORAL PORTION OF PANAYOTACOS FEB 11 DEMARCHE TO
MAKARIOS. IT WAS THIS PORTION OF PRESENTATION WHICH
DEMANDED THAT MAKARIOS RESIGN AND LEAVE CYPRUS AT LEAST
TEMPORARILY.
2:0 ON SAME DAY THAT HE PRESENTED GOG DEMANDS TO MAKARIOS,
PANAYOTACOS BRIEFED UNSYG SPECIAL REP OSORIO-TAFALL,
UNFICYP FORCE COMMANDER CHAND, UK HIGH COMMISSIONER EDMONDS
AND US CHARGE CRAWFORD ON SPECIFICS OF HIS
PRESENTATION. THERE IS NO DOUBT IN MINDS OF THOSE WHOM
PANAYOTACOS BRIEFED THAT HE WAS FAITHFULLY REPRODUCING
THE FULL EMOTIONAL FLAVOR OF HIS DISCUSSION WITH ARCHBISHOP.
30 STRANGE AS THIS MAY SEEM IT NOW APPEARS THAT MAKARIOS
DID NOT IMMEDIATELY INFORM HIS INTIMATES, INCLUDING
FONMIN KYPRIANOU, OF FACT THAT GREECE HAD DEMANDED
HIS RESIGNATION. PERHAPS HE FELT IT MIGHT HAVE DEMORALIZING
EFFECT ON HIS SUPPORTERS. FIRST KYPRIANOU HEARD OF IT WAS
FROM OSORIO LATE FEB 11. AT THE TIME, OSORIO HAD NO WAY OF
KNOWING THAT KYPRIANOU WAS UNAWARE OF THIS PORTION OF GREEK
DEMARCHE, AND KYPRIANOU CAREFULLY DISGUISED THE FACT.
40 ALSO ON EVENING OF FEB 11. OSORIO MENTIONED IN VERY
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RAGE 02 NICOSI 00319 141237Z
GENERAL TERMS TO FRG AMB TOROK THE BRIEFING HE HAD RECEIVED
FROM PANAYOTACOS. TOROK EVIDENTLY TOOK UP UPON HIMSELF TO
CONVEY THIS TO ARCHBISHOP MORNING OF FEB 12, AS USUAL IN-
ACCURATELY, IN THAT HE SAID KYPRIANOU HAD TOLD OSORIO.
5. OUTCOME OF FOREGOING WAS THAT GREEK DEMAND FOR ARCH-
BISHOP'S RESIGNATION SURFACED AND WAS EVIDENTLY KEY ELEMENT
OF DISCUSSION AT COUNCIL OF MINISTERS' EMERGENCY MEETING
FEB 12. WE UNDERSTAND THAT FOLLOWING MEETING, MAKARIOS
(REALIZING HIS OPPORTUNITY TRIP PANAYOTACOS) SENT CLERIDES
TO PANAYOTACOS TO ASK IF IT TRUE THAT HE HAD BRIEFED THE
SPECIAL REP OF SYG ABOUT DEMAND FOR RESIGNATION AS WELL
AS TRANSFER OF ARMS AND CREATION OF NATIONAL GOVERNMENT.
60 LATE AFTERNOON FEB 12, PANAYOTACOS OBVIOUSLY BADLY
SHAKEN, SOUGHT PRIVATE MEETING WITH OSORIO TO ASK WHAT
HE HAD REPORTED TO NEW YORK. OSORIO TOLD HIM THAT HE HAD
OFFICIALLY CONVEYED THAT PORTION OF PANAYOTACOS® BRIEFING
DEALING WITH UNRICYP CUSTODY OF CZECH ARMS. BALANCE
OF PANAYOTACOS' REMARKS HAD BEEN TRANSMITTED FOR BACKGROUND
OF SYG.
70 OUR BEST ESTIMATE FROM ALL THIS IS THAT PANAYOTACOS DID
ASK ARCHBISHOP'S RESIGNATION: GOG, REALIZING JUST HOW
SENSITIVE THIS WOULD BE, AND ANXIOUS NOTITO OVERPLAY ITS
HAND, INSTRUCTED PANAYOTACOS CONVEY THIS ORALLY WITH EVERY
INTENTION OF ITS BEING KEPT SECRET AT LEAST IN SHORT RUN :
PANAYOTACOS BLUNDERED IN INFORMING OSORIO AND OTHER FOREIGN
REPRESENTATIVES SINCE CONSEQUENCE WAS TO PLACE GOG'S HARSH
REQUEST IN THE PUBLIC DOMAIN.
80 WHEN I SAW OSORIO FEB 14 HE SUBSTANTIALLY CORROBORATED
FOREGOING. HE NOW REGRETS HE TOLD KYPRIANOU PANAYOTACOS
WAS HIS SOURCE. OBVIOUSLY HE FEELS HIS
RELATIONS WITH GREEK CYPRIOTS AND PANAYOTACOS HAVE BEEN
TEMPORARILY SHAKEN.
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EXCES EXCLUS
18
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 1026 W
P R 140900Z FEB 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 5677
SITUATO 144850 ROOM
72 FEB 14 AM 11:22
2
SITUATUOUSEM HOUSE
INFO AMEMBASSY ATHENS PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY ANKARA PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY LONDON
USMISSION USUN
USMISSION NATO
SECRE T NICOSIA 316
EXDIS
SUBJECT: CYPRUS: INHAN ON TURKISH VIEWS
1. SUMMARY: TURKISH CHARGE SAYS CZECH ARMS MUST BE REMOVED
FROM GOC CUSTODY: GOT WAS SURPRISED BY GREEK DEMANDS ON MAKARIOS
AND IS NERVOUS ABOUT GRIVAS: NO PROGRESS POSSIBLE ON INTER-
COMMUNAL TALKS UNTIL CURRENT CRISIS RESOLVED, BUT IF GREEK
DEMANDS MET PROSPECTS WOULD BE BETTER.
2. TURKISH CHARGE INHAN CALLED ON ME AT HIS REQUEST FEB 13.
HE SAID:
(A) CZECH ARMS SHIPMENT WAS THE MOST IMPORTANT IMMEDIATE
I ISSUE FOR TURKEY. IN MAKARIOS. HANDS THE SHIPMENT WOULD ARM
5,000 MEN IWE THINK THIS EXAGGERATED AND THUS MATERIALLY
SHIFT THE MILITARY BALANCE ON THS ISLAND. THE ARMS MUST
THEREFORE BE REMOVED FROM CYPRUS GOVT CUSTODY AND HANDED
OVER TO UNFICYP.
(B) GOT WAS SURPRISED BY GREEK DEMANDS ON MAKARIOS AND
IS NERVOUS AS TO IMPLICATIONS FOR TURK CYPRIOT COMMUNITY.
INHAN COULD NOT FORGET THAT GRIVAS WAS AN EXTREME ENOSIST.
HAVING LAUNCHED ITS DIPLOMATIC ATTACK ON MAKARIOS' INHAN
WONDERS WHY GREEKS HAVEN'T FOLLOWED THROUGH, SINCE TIME
LIKELY TO HELP MAKARIOS. IWE TEND TO WONDER, TOO.)
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
EXPING
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PAGE 02 NICOSI 00316 141019Z
(C) INHAN BELIEVES NO PROGRESS POSSIBLE IN INTERCOMMUNAL
TALKS AS LONG AS RIFT BETWEEN MAKARIOS AND ATHENS PERSISTS.
IF GREEK GOVT DEMANDS WERE MET BY ARCHBISHOP, HOWEVER, HE
THINKS THERE MIGHT BE REAL OPPORTUNITY FOR A SETTLEMENT
RECOGNIZING TURK CYPRIOT PARTNERSHIP STATUS. GP-3.
POPPER
Id vov 11:55
LETECKVW
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
111/80/155
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
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PAGE 01 NICOSI 00311 02 OF 02 1217272
44
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 SSO-00 CCO-00 /026 W
093086
0 121645Z FEB 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO XSECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 5672
INFO AMEMBASSY ATHENS IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY ANKARA IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY LONDON IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY MOSCOW IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY PARIS IMMEDIATE
USMISSION USUN IMMEDIATE
WHITE HOUSE IMMEDIATE
SEC R E T SECTION 2 OF 2 NICOSIA 311
EXDIS NOFORN
REF: EXDIS TOSEC 15
WHITE HOUSE PLFASE PASS TO SECRETARY ROGERS IN KEY BISCAYNE
13. FIRST, CZECH ARMS WOULD BE STERILIZED -- NOT MERELY STORED
SUBJECT TO OCCASIONAL SCRUTINY BY UNFICYP COMMANDER, BUT KEPT
UNDER STEADY SUPERVISION -- UNTIL ALL PARTIES CAN AGREE ON SOME
ALTERNATIVE ARRANGEMENTS.
14. SECOND, MAKARIOS WOULD REPLACE TWO OR THREE OF HIS
MINISTERS WITH PERSONALITIES (ACCEPTABLE TO GOG) WHO WOULD
BROADEN REPRESENTATION IN COUNCIL OF MINISTERS OF ALL NATIONALIST
(I.E.) NON-COMMUNIST) ELEMENTS OF GREEK CYPRIOT COMMUNITY.
15. THIRD, GRIVAS WOULD BE REMOVED FROM CYPRUS, AND GOG
WOULD PLEDGE ITSELF TO CEASE SUPPORT FOR CLANDESTINE GROUPS
SEEKING TO SUBVERT GOVT OF CYPRUS.
16. FOURTH, IN ORDER TO AVOID FURTHER AND EVEN MORE FRUSTRATING
DEADLOCK IN NEW INTERCOMMUNAL TALKS, LEADING TO YET ANOTHER
EXPLOSION, PARTIES TO TALKS WOULD AGREE TO EXERT THEIR BEST
EFFORTS TO WORK OUT A CONSTITUTIONAL COMPROMISE
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION SECRET OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT
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PAGE 02 NICOSI 00311 02 OF 02 1217272
PROVIDING REAL PROTECTION FOR TURK CYPRIOT COMMUNITY THROUGH
LOCAL AUTONOMY MEASURES, WITHIN A GIVEN PERIOD OF TIME, SAY
THREE MONTHS. SHOULD THIS EFFORT FAIL, THE PARTIES WOULD
AGREE THAT THEY WOULD ACCEPT MODUS VIVENDI BASED ON PRESENT
EXCES
DE FACTO SITUATION, PLUS FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE BY GOC TO HELP
TURKISH COMMUNITY TO STAND ON ITS OWN FEET.
17. FIFTH, PARTIES WOULD ACCEPT USG DECONFRONTATION PROPOSAL
(STATE 13867).
18. FIRST AND SECOND POINTS ABOVE WOULD MEET GREEK GOVT DEMANDS:
THIRD WOULD ACCORD WITH MAKARIOS' ORJECTIVES: FOURTH
WOULD APPROACH MINIMUM TERMS DEMANDED BY TURKS AND TURK CYPRIOTS
FOR TCPA. WE DO NOT PRETEND THAT ANY OF PARTIES WOULD TODAY BE
INCLINED TO ACCEPT THIS PROPOSAL AS IT STANDS, BUT WE DO NOT
EXCLUDE POSSIBILITY THAT AS SITUATION DEVELOPS THEY MIGHT
ULTIMATELY AGREE TO ARRANGEMENT ALONG FOREGOING LINES AND
COMMIT THEMSELVES TO SUPPORT IT. IN THIS CASE UN SECURITY
COUNCIL COULD ENDORSE IT. UNFICYP ROLE WOULD REMAIN UNCHANGED
PENDING STABILIZATION OF THE NEI SITUATION CREATED BY ACCEPTANCE
OF THE PACKAGE PROPOSAL.
POPPER
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
hil/80/ebs
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
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PAGE 01 NICOSI 00307 121057Z
10
ACTION SS-25
SITUATION ROOM
WHITE HOUSE WHITE HOUSE
INFO OCT-01 SSO-00 CCO-00 NSCE-00 /026 W
'72 FEB 2 12 PM 12:43 43
091950
o 1210282 FEB 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO RUEHCVSECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 5667
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY ATHENS IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY LONDON IMMEDIATE
USMISSION USUN IMMEDIATE
USMISSION NATO IMMEDIATE
SE C R E T NICOSIA 307
EXDIS
SUBJECT: CONVERSATION WITH VENIAMIN
1 . I TELEPHONED VENIAMIN MORNING FEB 12 TO INFORM HIM OF
AMBASSADOR POPPER'S IMPENDING RETURN. I NOTED THAT
ARCHBISHOP HAD NOT MADE RADIO-TV ADDRESS TO CYPRIOT
PEOPLE FEB 1, SAYING I TAKE THIS TO MEAN THAT HIS BEATITUDE
WISHED POSTPONE PUBLIC CONFRONTATION IN HOPES THAT DIPLOMACY
COULD PRODUCE AN ACCOMMODATION. VENIAMIN SAID THIS WAS
MAKARIOS. POSITION.
2. COMMENT: GOC IS OBVIOUSLY COUNTING ON UNITED STATES
TO PLAY A HELPFUL ROLE IN THIS SITUATION. PRO-GOVERNMENT
PRESS REPORTING OF DISPUTE BOTH GREECE PROMINENTLY CITES
AMBASSADOR POPPER'S IMMINENT RETURN. GP - 3.
CRAWFORD
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
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SECRET 916
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00306 120822Z
10
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 CCO-00 sso-øø NSCE-00 /026 W
SITUATION ROOM 291087
WHITE HOUSE
'72 FEB 12 AM 8:40 40
0 120800Z FEB 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 5666
SECRE T NICOSIA 306
EXDIS
SUBJECT: USG ACTIONS UPON AMBASSADOR POPPER'S RETURN
1. I HAVE BEEN IN TOUCH WITH AMB POPPER BY TELEPHONE IN
ATHENS. HE WILL BE BACK IN CYPRUS BY NOON. QUESTION ARISES
AS TO WHETHER HE SHOULD REQUEST MEETING WITH MAKARIOS
IMMEDIATELY AFTER RETURN. THERE ARE PROS AND CONS TO THIS
ON WHICH WE WOULD APPRECIATE DEPT'S COMMENT SOONEST.
2. TO SEE MAKARIOS WOULD BE TO DEAL OURSELVES IN FIRSTHAND
ON HIS VIEWS, CONTRASTING WITH PRESENT SITUATION IN WHICH
WE HAVE BEEN COMMUNICATING THROUGH FONOFF DIRGEN VENIAMIN.
THERE ARE OBVIOUS ADVANTAGES TO ESTABLISHING DIRECT CONTACT
AS SOON AS POSSIBLE.
3. ON OTHER HAND, DO WE WISH VISIBLY TO MOVE INTO CENTER
STAGE? TO DO SO WOULD BE TO SEPARATE OURSELVES SOMEWHAT
FROM GREECE IN THE PUBLIC EYE AND TAKE ON FOR USG THE
MEDIATION RESPONSIBILITY
4. T TEND TO FEEL THAT WE ARE IN THE CENTER LIKE IT OR NOT
AND THAT WE SHOULD KEEP ALL OPTIONS OPEN BY HAVING AMB POPPER
SEE MAKARIOS FOR TOUR D'HORIZON AS SOON AS APPMT CAN BE
ARRANGED AFTER HIS RETURN.
CRAWFORD
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT
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UNITED STATES OF HEREBY
TELEGRAM
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SECRET 855
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00293 111204Z
2
EXPIS EXCES EXCES
11
3
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 SSO-00 CCO-00 NSCE-00 1026 W
0 111135Z FEB 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
SITUATION ROOM
WHI HOUSE 082518
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 5659
INFO AMEMBASSY ATHENS
'72 FEB dol AM 11:40 40
AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY LONDON
USMISSION USUN
USMISSION NATO
SECRE T NICOSIA 293
EXDIS
SUBJECT: CZECH ARMS
1. I CALLED ON TURKISH CHARGE INHAN LATE MORNING FEB 11 TO
REVIEW ALL ASPECTS OF CURRENT SITUATION. I FOUND HIM ONLY
PARTIALLY INFORMED. HE HAD BEEN TOLD BY ANKARA THAT GOG AND
GOT WERE IN TOUCH REGARDING SITUATION AND HE KNEW THAT GREECE
WAS TRYING TO WORK OUT SOMETHING ON CZECH ARMS AND BROADER
PARTICIPATION IN CABINET. HE DID NOT AT ALL HAVE THE FLAVOR OF
THIS BEING AN ULTIMATUM WHICH MAKARIOS MUST ACCEPT OR FACE A
POPULAR" UPRISING. I SAID USG REGARDED GOG COURSE AS FOOLHARDY,
BASED ON FALSE ASSUMPTIONS AND DANGEROUS, AND WE STRONGLY
COUNSELLING GOG AGAINST IT.
2. INHAN REPEATED ANKARA LINE THAT THIS NOT A MATTER OF
CONCERN TO GOT, BUT HE SAID HE SHARED OUR DOUBTS AS TO
VALIDITY OF ASSUMPTIONS ON WHICH GOG SAYS IT WORKING. HE
PARTICULARLY THOUGHT GREECE IS WRONG IF IT BELIEVES
CYPRIOTS WILL NOT RALLY OVERWHELMINGLY TO MAKARIOS.
3. I HAVE ALSO BEEN IN TOUCH WITH FONOFF DIRGEN VENIAMIN TO
INFORM HIM THAT USG IS MAKING REPRESENTATIONS IN ATHENS IN
FAVOR OF A NEGOTIATED ACCOMMODATION. I TOLD VENIAMIN THAT I
HAD FOLLOWED UP ON OUR LUNCHEON YESTERDAY (NICOSIA 2811 BY
RECOMMENDING USG PUT ITS WEIGHT BEHIND A PACKAGE RESOLUTION
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
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PAGE 02 NICOSI 00293 111204Z
LINKING GRIVAS AND ARMS, BUT THAT I DID NOT YET HAVE DEPT'S
FINAL REACTION. VENIAMIN ASKED THAT I KEEP HIM INFORMED, IF
POSSIBLE, OF GOG REACTION TO U.S. REPRESENTATIONS.
4. I BELIEVE IT IS NECESSARY TO LET MAKARIOS KNOW IN THIS
SITUATION THAT USSR IS NOT THE ONLY PARTY INTERESTED IN HIS
WELL-BEING AND A FAIR RESOLUTION OF CURRENT DILEMMA.
5. COMMENT: I WOULD APPRECIATE DEPT'S ADVICE AS TO HOW MUCH
WE WANT TO SAY TO MAKARIOS, USING VENIAMIN CHANNEL.
CRAWFORD
HO
HONSE
LETECKVW
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED VITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION C- THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
811/20/ebs
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT
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EXPIS
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UNITED STATES OF
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SECRET 775
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00288 111058Z
2
10
ACTION SS-25
3
INFO OCT-01 SSO-00 CCO-00 NSCE-00 1026 W
0 R 111000Z FEB 72
SITUATION ROOM
WHITE OUSE
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 5657
'72 FEB 282282 AM 11: 40
INFO AMEMBASSY ATHENS IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY LONDON
USMISSION USUN
USMISSION NATO
S E C R E T NICOSIA 288
EXDIS
SUBJECT: CZECH ARMS
1. PANAYOTACOS IS WITH THE ARCHBISHOP NOW. CALL BEGAN AT
1000 HOURS LOCAL 10800 GMT).
2. FROM HERE T SEEMS PATENT THAT CZECH ARMS TRANSACTION IS
ONLY A PRETEXT FOR ACHIEVEMENT OF A LONG HELD GOG (PAPADOPOULOS)
DESIRES TO UNSEAT MAKARIOS. IT LOOKS VERY MUCH AS IF GREECE
HAS SET THE WHEELS IN MOTION AND IS UNLIKELY TO BE TALKED OUT
OF ITS PLANS. FULL PICTURE IS NOT YET IN, BUT IT WOULD SEEM
THAT NATIONAL GUARD UNITS LOYAL TO GREECE ARE BEING
POSITIONED TO TAKE OVER KEY INSTALLATIONS IN NICOSIA ON
SIGNAL. WE ASSUME THE SIGNAL WILL COME SOONER RATHER THAN
LATER* GOG MUST REALIZE THAT DELAY WILL GIVE MAKARIOS
MORE TIME TO MARSHAL HIS PHYSICAL AND DIPLOMATIC DEFENSE.
3. AS A MATTER OF NAKED POWER 00 WHICH IT HAS SAID IT WILL
NOT USE - - GREECE MAY BE ABLE TO PULL THIS OFF. IF GREECE
INTENDS TO USE THE NATIONAL GUARD FOR THIS PURPOSE, IS NOT
REALLY COUNTING ON MASS SUPPORT AND IS WILLING TAKE THE INTER-
NATIONAL ONUS, IT CAN PROBABLY SEIZE CONTROL OF THE PRESIDENTIAL
PALACE AND OTHER VITAL GOVT INSTALLATIONS. BUT IF THIS IS NOT
ITS INTENT, ITS PLANNING IS BASED ON SOME INCREDIBLY BAD ESTI-
MATES. TWO COMMENTS MADE BY PALAMAS TO AMB TASCA STAND OUT.
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
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4. PALAMAS QUOTES PANAYOTACOS AS BEING "QUITE CERTAIN GREEK
CYPRIOTS WOULD CHOOSE GREECE OVER MAKARIOS". IF WE ARE TALKING
IN TERMS OF POPULAR WILL RATHER THAN RECOURSE TO VIOLENCE THAT
IS RIDICULOUS. THE FEELING FOR HELLENISM IS STRONG HERE, BUT
THE JUNTA IS HELD IN LOW ESTEEM AND THE ADMIRATION WHICH GREEK
CYPRIOTS HAVE FOR MAKARIOS WOULD, IF TRANSLATED INTO VOTES,
TURN ANY WESTERN DEMOCRATIC POLITICIAN GREEN WITH ENVY.
5. PALAMAS' OTHER STATEMENT WHICH SEEMS BASELESS IS THAT BECAUSE
OF CZECH ARMS DEAL MAKARIOS IS IN A WEAK POSTION TO APPEAL TO
UN . TO US THE CASE SEEMS TO BE QUITE THE CONTRARY. MAKARIOS
SHOULD NOT BE HARD PUT TO DEMONSTRATE THAT ARMS WERE IMPORTED
TO ENCOUTER A CONSPIRACY AIDED AND ABETTED BY GOVT OF GREECE.
IN A SECURITY COUNCIL CONTEXT WE THINK HE WOULD FIND MANY
SUPPORTERS, NOT THE LEAST THE SOVIETS. WE WOULD NOT BE SURPRISED
TO SEE SOVIET AMB BARKOVSKY BE MAKARIOS® NEXT CALLER AFTER
PANAYOTACOS.
CRAWFORD
11:40
NOT TO BE REPRODUCE WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
611/88/ebs
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
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SECRET 282
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00282 101756Z
2
.
47
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 SSO-00 CCO-00 NSCE-00 1026 W
076070
O.P 101745Z FEB 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 5656
INFO AMEMBASSY ATHENS IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY ANKARA IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY LONDON PRIORITY
USMISSION USUN PRIORITY
USMISSION NATO
SECRE T NICOSIA 282
EXDIS
DEPARTMENT PASS PRIORITY EUCOM AND USDOCOSOUTH
SUBJECT: US ACTIONS TO RESOLVE NEW CYPRUS CRISIS
REF: ATHENS 742
EVEN THOUGHIT MAY TO SOME EXTENT HAVE BEEN BYPASSED BY
EVENTS OF PAST HOURS, I WOULD NEVERTHELESS COMMEND THOUGHTS
WHICH DEVELOPED IN MY CONVERSATIONS TODAY WITH OSORIO- TAFALL
INICOISA 2801 AS ONE PRONG OF WHAT MUST INEVITABLY BE MULTI-
FACETED USG EFFORT TO PREVENT NEW CYPRUS CRISIS.
CRAWFORD
NOTE BY OCT: NICOSIA 282 NOT PASSED ABOVE.
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
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SECRET 298
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00281 101810Z
2
47
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 SSO-00 CCO-00 NSCE-00 /026 W
076100
OP 101730Z FEB 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
EXCES EXCES
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 5655
INFO AMEMBASSY ATHENS IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY ANKARA IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY LONDON PRIORITY
USMISSION USUN
USMISSION NATO
SECRE T NICOSIA 281
EXDIS
DEPT PASS PRIORITY EUCOM USDOCOSOUTH
SUBJECT: CZECH ARMS
1. SUMMARY: CYPRUS FONOFF DIRGEN SEES MERIT IN LINKING CZECH
ARMS AND GRIVAS. URGES USG PLAY GOOD OFFICES ROLE.
2. I LUNCHED PRIVATELY WITH FONOFF DIRGEN VENIAMIN FEB 10.
AFTER SOME HEDGING HE ADMITTED TO THE KEY NEGOTIATING ROLE IN
NEW CZECH ARMS DEAL, BUT INSISTED NEGOTIATIONS HAD NOT TAKEN
PLACE IN PRAGUE. IN BLUNTEST TALK WE HAVE HAD TO DATE, HE
EXCORIATED GOG FOR ITS STIMULATION AND DEMONSTRABLE SUPPORT OF
GRIVAS AND HIS (DOUBLE) ENOSIS MOVEMENT: DEFENDED ARCHBISHOP'S
RIGHT TO TAKE MEASURES NECESSARY FOR PROTECTION OF HIS PERSON
AND HIS REGIME: ASSERTED USG COULD PUT A STOP TO GOG.S UNSAVORY
DOUBLE-DEALING IF IT SPOKE LOUDLY ENOUGH IN ATHENS.
3. ON FINAL POINT I SAID USG VIEW AGAINST ADVENTURES HAD BEEN
OFTEN AND FREQUENTLY PUT, AND THAT WHENEVER IT HAD BEEN WE HAD
BEEN ASSURED GOG SHARED OUR EMPHASIS ON A NEGOTIATED SOLUTION
OF INDEPENDENCE. VENIAMIN REPEATED THAT OVERWHELMING WEIGHT OF
EVIDENCE (ARMS DISTRIBUTIONS FROM NATIONAL GUARD ARMORIES TO
GRIVAS SUPPORTERS, SUBSIDIZATION OF PRO-GRIVAS PRESS, ETC.)
PROVED GOG COMPLICITY.
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
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PAGE 02 NICOSI 00281 101810Z
4. I ASKED VENIAMIN ON PERSONALBASIS IF THERE ANY CHANCE A
TRADE OFF COULD BE ARRANGED BETWEEN PROBLEM (FOR MAKARIOS) OF
GRIVAS AND PROBLEM (FOR GREECE AND TURKEY) OF CZECH ARMS.
VENIAMIN SAID CERTAINLY: THE MOMENT GRIVAS SURFACED AWAY FROM
CYPRUS THERE WOULD BE NO QUESTIONS OF A SPECIAL FORCE OR OF NEW
ARMS DISTRIBUTION. HE URGED USG PLAY A ROLE IN TRYING TO WORK
SOMETHING OUT. I SAID I WOULD THINK ABOUT SO RECOMMENDING TO
DEPT: THERE WOULD HAVE TO BE PRECISE PRIOR UNDERSTANDING ABOUT
ARCHBISHOP'S RESPONSE IN EVENT GRIVAS DID LEAVE. I POINTED OUT
JUST HOW TRICKY THE MIDDLEMAN ROLE COULD BE, GIVEN GOG'S FIRM
STATEMENTS TO US THAT IT HAD NO PART IN GRIVAS' RETURN.
VENIAMIN URGED THAT WE TRY AND DO so PROMPTLY. HE SAID IT SEEMS
OBVIOUS TO GOC THAT GOG TRYING USE ARMS AS PRETEXT/FIRST MOVE
IN IMPOSITION OF PARTITION SOLUTION IN COLLUSION WITH TURKEY.
SUCH A SOLUTION, VENIAMIN WARNED, WOULD NEVER STICK AND IN THE
LONG RUN WOULD SET TURKEY AND GREECE AGAINST EACH OTHER.
CRAWFORD
NOTE BY OCT: NICOSIA 281 NOT PASSED ABOVE.
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED 'ITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION O THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
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SECRET 244
ATION ROOM
HITEHOUSE HITE OUSE
WH
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00237 041219Z
PM :08
w/a
2
16
3
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 /026 W
032822
R 040945Z FEB 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 5623
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
AMEMBASSY BRUSSELS
USMISSION USUN
SECRE T NICOSIA 237
EXDIS
DEPARTMENT PASS DOD
NOFORN
SUBJ: CYPRUS: BELGIAN ARMS
REF: NICOSIA 173
1 ° UNSYG'S OFFICE HAS SLIGHTLY SHIFTED ITS POSITION ON QUESTION
OF BELGIAN ARMS FOR MAKARIOS. AS RESULT UNFICYP'S STRONG
PROTEST AGAINST NEW YORK'S INDIFFERENCE/ SYG'S OFFICE HAS NOW
REPORTEDLY INFORMED BELGIANS THAT IT WILL NOT INTERVENE IN THIS
MATTER BUT WOULD "PREFER" THAT GOB NOT AUTHORIZE ARMS SALE TO
CYPRUS.
2. BELGIAN AMBASSADOR TO CYPRUS (RESIDENT BEIRUT) HAS BEEN
SENT IN TO DISCUSS WITH UNFICYP, WHICH EXPRESSING A MORE
FORCEFULLY NEGATIVE ATTITUDE THAN NEW YORK.
3. WE AGREE WITH WHAT WE UNDERSTAND IN UNFICYP'S ESTIMATE
THAT QUESTION OF BELGIAN ARMS IS PROBABLY ACADEMIC IN VIEW
MAKARIOS IMPORTATION OF CZECH ARMS IN LATE JANUARY. IN LIGHT
OF WHAT WE NOW KNOW, GOC'S APPROACH TO BELGIANS LOOKS AS IF IT
MAY HAVE BEEN A TACTIC TO DIVERT ATTENTION FROM ITS REAL
PURPOSE. GP-3
POPPER
NOTE BY OC/T. NOT PASSED DOD.
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
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PAGE 01 NICOSI 00238 041230Z
EB 11 th PM 1:08
a/m
42
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT- 01 1026 W
032887
R 041000Z FEB 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 5624
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
USMISSION USUN
SECRET NICOSIA 238
EXDIS
DEPARTMENT PASS DOD
NOFORN EXCEPT UK AND CANADA
JOINT EMBASSY/DATT MESSAGE
SUBJ: CYPRUS: SECRET TRAINING CAMP IN TROODOS
REF: NICOSIA 192, 233
UNFICYP HAS BEEN INFORMED BY NATIONAL GUARD COMMANDER
GENERAL HARALAMBOPOULOS THAT SPILIA CAMP IS A NATIONAL
GUARD INSTALLATION. CRAWFORD
NOTE BY OC/T: NICOSIA 0238 NOT PASSED DOD.
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE THORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
SECRET LIM
1972 FEB 7 PM 1 04
SECRET
HCE477
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00258 071736Z
Saunders
40
ACTION NEA-06
INFO OCT-01 SS-14 I0-03 PM-03 NSC-10 NSCE-00 EUR-10 INR-05
CIAE-00 NSAE-00 DODE-00 MC-02 ACDA-10 L-02 SA-01
RSR-01 RSC-01 /069 W
050034
PR 071615Z FEB 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 5639
INFO AMEMBASSY ATHENS PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY ANKARA PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY LONDON PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY PRAGUE PRIORITY
USMISSION USUN PRIORITY
USMISSION NATO
USDOCOSOUTH
EUCOM
SECRET NICOSIA 258
LIMDIS
SUBJECT: CONSEQUENCES OF MAKARIOS' NEW ARMS DEAL WITH
CZECHOSLOVAKIA
1. SUMMARY: ASSUMING INFORMATION THAT MAKARIOS HAS IMPORTED
A LARGE NEW CONSIGNMENT OF ARMS FROM CZECHOSLOVAKIA IS CORRECT,
WE CONCLUDE THAT AN IMPORTANT NEW ELEMENT OF TENSION HAS BEEN
ADDED TO AN ALREADY MOST UNSTABLE SITUATION. THERE WILL BE
DELETERIOUS EFFECTS ON IMMINENT TURKISH CONTINGENT ROTATION,
ENLARGED INTERCOMMUNAL TALKS, PROSPECTS FOR U.S. DECONFRONTA-
TION PROPOSAL, GOG RELATIONS WITH MAKARIOS, AND TO MUCH LESSER
EXTENT ON GOT RELATIONS WITH GOG. MAKARIOS' BID FOR MORE
SECURITY IN THE LONGER TERM COULD PRECIPITATE AND HASTEN THE
VERY KIND OF CHALLENGE HE IS SEEKING PROTECT HIMSELF AGAINST.
2. IT NOW SEEMS ALMOST 100 PERCENT SURE THAT MAKARIOS HAS SECRETLY
IMPORTED NEW WEAPONS TO ARM AN INTERNAL PROTECTIVE FORCE OF
APPROXIMATELY 2,000 MEN, THAT THESE ARMS CAME FROM CZECHO-
SECRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
SECRET
PAGE 02 NICOSI 00258 071736Z
SLOVAKIA, AND THAT TRANSACTION IS AT LEAST DOUBLE THE SIZE OF
THAT CONCLUDED IN AUGUST 1966. BEING A SHREWD ANALYST AS WELL
AS A DETERMINED BRINKMAN, MAKARIOS UNDOUBTEDLY CALCULATED THE
ANGLES CLOSELY AND CONCLUDED THIS MOVE WAS ESSENTIAL
TO PROTECT HIMSELF AGAINST A DIRECT CHALLENGE FROM GRIVAS, WHOM
HE BELIEVES TO BE BACKED BY GREECE. BUT THE
MEDICINE IS OF A SORT USED IN EXTREMIS; IT COULD PROVOKE THE
CHALLENGE HE SEEKS TO DEFEND AGAINST; AND IT WILL CAUSE A LOT OF
HEADACHES TO OTHERS, NOT LEAST TO USG. TO TAKE A QUICK LOOK AT
SOME OF THE MOST LIKELY CONSEQUENCES:
3. NEXT ROTATION OF TURKISH TREATY CONTINGENT (TURDYK) IS
SCHEDULED FOR FEB 23. (SINCE THERE WAS SEVEN MONTH GAP
BETWEEN LAST TWO ROTATIONS OF 50 PERCENT OF CONTINGENT, THERE IS
FIVE MONTH INTERVAL THIS TIME, TO KEEP ON 12 MONTH CYCLE FOR ROTA-
TION OF ENTIRE CONTINGENT.) USUAL NEGOTIATIONS -- ANGRY
BICKERINGS WOULD BE A BETTER DESCRIPTION -- ARE GOING ON ABOUT
LIST OF EQUIPMENT GOC WILL AUTHORIZE FOR IMPORT WITH CONTINGENT.
ACCORDING TURKISH EMBASSY, GOC, TRYING MAKE UP FOR ITS DISPLAY
OF RELATIVE REASONABLENESS LAST TIME, HAS BEEN ESPECIALLY
PICAYUNE IN INITIAL CUTS THIS TIME. ALSO FROM TURKISH EMBASSY
WE AWARE TGS HAS LONG BEEN RESTIVE WITH HAVING SUBMIT ITS
EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS FOR CONTINGENT TO GOC SCRUTINY AND --
IN ITS EYES -- DEMEANING CUTS. MAKARIOS' IMPORT OF ARMS GIVES
GOT EVERY EXCUSE TO BE VERY TOUGH, PERHAPS TO POINT OF SAYING
CONTINGENT WILL IMPORT WHAT IT WISHES WITHOUT GOC SCRUTINY, AND
INTERFERENCE WILL BE MET WITH FORCE. WE ARE ALREADY HEARING
NOISES ALONG THIS LINE AND UNFICYP, WHICH IS THE TRADITIONAL
MIDDLEMAN IN WORKING OUT ROTATIONS, IS VERY APPREHENSIVE.
4. IT GOES WITHOUT SAYING THAT PSYCHOLOGICAL BOOST GIVEN
ATMOSPHERE BY GUYER'S SUCCESSFUL TRIP, WITH ITS RESULTANT PROSPECT
THAT NEW TALKS WILL BEGIN LATER THIS MONTH HAS BEEN BLUNTED
BY ARMS IMPORTATION. FORTUNATELY, EVERYBODY HAD BEEN BROUGHT
ON BOARD BEFORE THE NES BROKE; OTHERWISE TURKISH CYPRIOTS AND
PROBABLY TURKEY WOULD HAVE BEEN A LOT HARDER TO CONVINCE. AS
IT IS, TURKS BOTH MAINLAND ANDLOCAL WILL START NEW PHASE WITH
AN EVEN MORE THAN USUALLY BITTER TASTE IN THEIR MOUTHS ABOUT
MAKARIOS' LIFE STYLE.
5. THE U.S. DECONFRONTATION PROPOSAL HAS BEEN DEALT A PART-
OULARLY HARD BLOW. FROM UNFICYP COMMANDER GENERAL CHAND WE
SECRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
SECRET
PAGE 03 NICOSI 00258 071736Z
UNDERSTAND GUYER CARRIED THE BALL AS WE HAD ASKED, SPEAKING TO
THE PARTIES IN A GENERAL SENSE AND LEAVING THE SPECIFIC SUGGESTIONS,
IN WRITING, WITH UNFICYP FOR APPROPRIATE FOLLOW-UP. ONE HALF OF
THIS WAS DONE PROMPTLY AFTER GUYER'S DEPARTURE. NATIONAL GUARD
COMMANDER HARALAMBPOPOULOS PROMISED CHAND COMPLETE COOPERATION
IF TURKISH CYPRIOTS WERE WILLING MOVE AS PROPOSED. TURKS, AS
CHAND NOTED TO US FEBRUARY 5, WOULD HAVE BEEN VERY HARD TO MOVE
ANYWAY. NOW THEY HAVE INTENSE EMOTIONAL AND SOME REAL JUSTIFICA-
TION TO PERPETUATE THEIR PREFERRED INTRANSIGENCE.
6. IT SEEMS HARD TO BELIEVE THAT THE STATE OF REAL, AS OPPOSED
TO ORATORICAL RELATIONS BETWEEN THE GOG AND MAKARIOS COULD GET
WORSE THAN IT HAS BEEN SINCE LAST SUMMER'S REFUSAL BY MAKARIOS
TO ACCEPT GREEK SUGGESTIONS FOR COMPROMISE, AND GRIVAS'
SUBSEQUENT RETURN (WE'RE NOT SAYING THE TWO ARE NECESSARILY
RELATED, BUT SUCH IS NOW THE CASE. FROM GREEK EMBASSY, WHICH
IS UNDOUBTEDLY UNDERSTATING THE CASE, WE ARE AWARE GOG FEELS
MAKARIOS HAS DISREGARDED ITS STRONG ADVICE AGAINST PURCHASING
ARMS FROM THE BLOC; HAS ACTED BEHIND ITS BACK; IS THROWING DOWN
A PUBLIC GAUNTLET BY SHOWING THAT HE DOES NOT TRUST INTENTIONS
OF MAINLAND NATIONAL GUARD OFFICERS AND THEREFORE OF GREECE
ITSELF; AND IS PLAYING HIS OLD GAME OF BUILDING UP COMMUNISTS
AGAINST "NATIONALISTS." DESPITE PUBLIC DENIALS, SOME HARSH WORDS
HAVE ALREADY BEEN SAID BY HARALAMBOPOULOS AND PANAYOTACOS,
AND MORE ARE LIKELY TO BE.
7. GOG-GOT RECENT AND CAUTIOUSLY EVOLVED UNDERSTANDING, ABOUT NOT
LETTING CYPRUS BE THE DETERMINANT OF THEIR RELATIONS AND A POSSIBLE
CAUSE OF WAR, IS NOT VERY ROBUST. THE SUSPICIONS, PARTICULARLY IN
ANKARA, THAT GREEKS WILL IN THE LAST ANALYSIS GET TOGETHER AGAINST
TURKS, WHATEVER THE TEMPORARY REALISM AND REASONABLENESS IN ATHENS,
IS OMNIPRESENT. GOT WILL, WE SUSPECT, FEEL GOG SHOULD HAVE
DONE MORE TO PREVENT THIS, AND WILL EXPECT MORE THAN IS POSSIBLE
TO REMEDY IT. WE DOUBT THE BETTER UNDERSTANDING ABOUT CYPRUS
WILL RUPTURE BECAUSE OF ARMS TRANSACTION, BUT THERE SEEM LIKELY
TO BE SOME STRAINS.
8. FINALLY, THE CORE ISSUE IS WHETHER MAKARIOS HAS REALLY
IMPROVED HIS SECURITY SITUATION. ONCE 2000 OR WHATEVER NUMBER
OF MEN HE INTENDS FOR SPECIAL CONSTABULARY HAVE BEEN RECRUITED
AND TRAINED IN USE OF THESE NEW WEAPONS, THE ANSWER WILL PROBABLY
SECRET
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DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
SECRET
PAGE 04 NICOSI 00258 071736Z
BE YES, WHETHER ONE IS CONSIDERING A THREAT FROM GRIVAS AND/OR A
DYNAMIC SOLUTION PUSH BY GREECE AND TURKEY. UNTIL HIS NEW
FORCE HAS BEEN CREATED, HOWEVER, MAKARIOS'
DETERRENT IS AN INTENSE IRRITANT THAT COULD HAVE AN EFFECT
OPPOSITE FROM THAT HE INTENDS.
9. WE WILL COMMENT IN A SEPARATE MESSAGE ON WHAT STEPS USG
MIGHT TAKE TO MINIMIZE THE POTENTIALLY DISRUPTIVE CONSEQUENCES,
REVIEWED IN FOREGOING, MAKARIOS' LATEST MOVE, AND TO KEEP PROCESS
OF NEGOTIATION MOVING FORWARD.
CRAWFORD
SECRET LIMDIS
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
wit
*
#
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
SECRET 220
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00255 071534Z
2
47
ACTION SS-25
w\
INFO OCT-01 /026 W
049126
R 071440Z FEB 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 5637
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
AMEMBASSY LONDON
USMISSION USUN
SECRET NICOSIA 255
EXDIS
NOFORN
SUBJECT: CYPRUS: FURTHER REPORT ON STATUS OF CZECH ARMS
PURCHASED IN 1966
REF: NICOSIA 248
1. UNFICYP SOURCE HAS CONFIDENTIALLY PASSED US INFO CONTAINED
IN FORCE COMMANDER'S REPORT OF HIS NOVE 1971 INSPECTION OF CZECH
ARM"S REMAINING IN CYPOL CUSTODY FROM 1966 TRANSACTION.
QUANTITIES/TYPES ISSUED AND THOSE REMAINING IN STORE WERE
AS FOLLOWS. (THIS IS MORE PRECISE THAN AND SHOULD SUPERSEDE
INFO CONTAINED PARA 2 REFTEL):
TYPE
ISSUED
REMAINING
7.65 MM SUB-MACHINE PISTOL M61
50
NONE
7.62 MM SELF-LOADING RIFLE M52/57
500
NONE
7.62 MM SUB-MACHINE GUN M58
500
NONE
9 MM SUB-MACHINE GUN .25
200
NONE
7.92 MM MAUSER RIFLES M98
500
500
7.92 MM LIGHT MACHINE GUN M26
50
50
7.92 MM HEAVEY MACHINE GUN M37
2
38
M27 ANTI-TANK GRENADE LAUNCHER
4
26
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION 31 OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
#
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PAGE 02 NICOSI 00255 071534Z
82 MM M52 MORTAR
2
28
2. THIS CONFIRMS THAT DISTRIBUTIONS FROM STORE TOOK PLACE
(A) AT TIME OF INITIAL IMPORTATION AND (B) IN THE MONTHS
IMMEDIATELY FOLLOWING MARCH 1970 ASSASSINATION ATTEMPT.
UNSYG WAS INFORMED AND APPARENTLY APPROVED SECOND PHASE
DISTRIBUTION.
CRAWFORD
EXCELS
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
11
Lel/29/ebs
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
CO
EXECUTIVE
21.
*
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
Rood NOI
TELEGRAM HOUSE
SECRET 200
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00135 210945Z
21 PM 20:44
EXCES EXCES
11
ACTION SS=25
INFO OCT-01 1026 W
057947
R 2108552 JAN 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 5567
SSEEC RET NICOSIA 135
EXDIS
SUBJECT: PRESIDENTIAL LETTERS
REF: STATE 001185
1 % I DELIVERED ORAL MESSAGE FROM PRESIDENT NIXON TO
MAKARIOS JAN 20. ARCHBISHOP EXPRESSED WARM APPRECIATION
FOR PRESIDENT'S THOUGHTFULNESS HE WAS ESPECIALLY PLEASED BY
SPECIFIC REFERENCE TO GOC ROLE IN RESUMING CYPRUS INTERCOM-
MUNALITALKS.
2% ARCHBISHOP NOTED
WITH INTEREST POINTS MADE ON PRESIDENT'S
PEKING VISIT. HE WONDERED
WHETHER WE WOULD CURTAIL OUR
DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH ROC. 1 ASSURED HIM WE WOULD NOT
AND PARTICULARLY THAT US WOULD CONTINUE TO MEET ITS COMMITMENTS
TO ROC. OBVIOUSLY, WHAT ARCHBISHOP HAS IN BACK OF HISHMIND
IS HIS OWN CURRENT INTENTION TO MAINTAIN A PRIVATE ROC TRADING
COMPANY IN CYPRUS DESPITE CYPRUS GOVT RECOGNITION OF
PRC GP-36
POPPER
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NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
*
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UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
EXCES EXCE
SECRET 264
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00061 120749Z
2
12
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 1026 W
Ri 120700Z JAN 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 5525
INFO USMISSION USUN
S EC R ET NICOSIA 061
SITUATION ROOM 117457 SITUATION ROOM
WHITE HOUSE
EXDIS
'72 JAN 12 AM 9:54
NOFORN
SUBU: GOCMS CONTINUING CHAGRIN OVER UNGA CHIREP VOTE
REF: NICOSIA 029, STATE 4070
1. DCM HAD RETURN SESSION WITH VENIAMIN JAN 100 COVERING
ALL POINTS IN REF DEPTEL WITH PARTICULAR STRESS ON
NEED FOR POSITIVE ATMOSPHERICS BEFORE NEXT PHASE OF TALKS
(I.E. IN PUBLIC STATEMENTS BY ARCHBISHOP AND GOC OFFICIALS)
AND FLEXIBILITY ONCE THEY UNDER WAY. URGED THAT GOC
RETHINK WHETHER IT GAINING OR LOSING BY BEING SO CONCERNED
NOT TO GIVE TOO MUCH TO TURKISH CYPRIOTS ON SELF-ADMINISTRA-
TION. HAD NOT CONSEQUENCE OF POLICY TO DATE BEEN TO GIVE
TURKS PRETEXT FOR STEADY CONSOLIDATION OF THEIR SEPARATNESS?
2° VENIAMIN FOLLOWED PRESENTATION CAREFULLY, EXPRESSING
AGREEMENT WITH MUCH OF IT. WE THINK HE WILL CONVEY THESE
THOUGHTS TO ARCHBISHOP -- WITH UNCERTAIN RESULT SINCE, AS WE
HAD SURMISED IN REF EMBTEL, VENIAMIN'S INITIAL APPROACH NOW
LOOKS EVEN MORE AS IF IT HAD BEEN INTENDED CUSHION EFFECT
OF JAN 12 ANNOUNCEMENT PRC-GOC RELATIONS INICOSIA 0561.
3. ON CUBAN SHIPPING, VENIAMIN SAID FON MINISTRY SUGGESTIONS
FOR TIGHTENING LEGAL REQUIREMENTS FOR REREGISTRATION OF FOREIGN
VESSLES HAD BEEN REJECTED BY MINISTRY OF COMMUNICATIONS AND
TRANSPORT, AND BY ATTORNEY GENERAL (WHOSE LAWYER SON IS RELIABLY
REPORTED TO BE A MAJOR FIGURE IN SETTING UP THE DUMMY CYPRIOT
SECRET
5
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Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
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PAGE 02 NICOSI 00061 120749Z
CORPORATIONS THAT ARE REQUIRED FOR REREGISTRATION). ARCHBISHOP
HAD RECENTLY ORDERED CREATION OF INTERMINISTERIAL COMMITTEE UNDER
AEGIS OF LABOR MINISTRY'S CAPABLE BUT OVERWORKED DIRGEN SPARSIS.
VENIAMIN DID NOT SEEM OPTIMISTIC THAT THIS WOULD PRODUCE ANY
EARLY RESULT IN TERMS OF LESSENED PARTICIPATION OF CYPRUS FLAG
VESSELS IN CUBAN TRADE.
POPPER
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OF STATE
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PAGE 01 NICOSI 00029 061008Z
17
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 /026 W
078112
R 060915Z JAN 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
SITUATION ROOM
WHITE HOUSE
72 JAN PM 3:31
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 5510
INFO USMISSION USUN
S E C R E T NICOSIA 029
EXDIS - NOFORN
EXCES EXCES EXCES
SUBJECT: GOC'S CONTINUING CHAGRIN OVER UNGA CHIREP VOTE.
REF: NICOSIA 021
1. SUMMARY: GOC CONTINUES TO EXPRESS EMBARRASSMENT OVER FONMIN
KYPRIANOU'S FAILURE HONOR ARCHBISHOP'S COMMITMENT SUPPORT US IN
UNGA CHIREP VOTING: SAYS IT IS ANXIOUS MAKE AMENDS. DEPARTMENT'S
VIEWS REQUESTED.
2. FONOFF DIRGEN VENIAMIN ASKED DCM CALL JANUARY 3 AND AT CON-
CLUSION OF TOUR D'HORIZON SAID THERE WAS IMPORTANT MATTER HE
WISHED RAISE ON OWN INITIATIVE, ON PERSONAL AND CONFIDENTIAL
BASIS. ARCHBISHOP, HE SAID, REMAINED PROFOUNDLY DISTURBED BY
CLOUD IN
CYPRUS RELATIONSHIP WITH US CAUSED BY FONMIN KYPRIANOU'S
FAILURE SUPPORT US ON CHIREP CONTRARY PRESIDENT'S ASSURANCES.
ARCHBISHOP FEARED THAT RAPPORT BETWEEN HIMSELF AND PRESIDENT
NIXON, TO WHICH HE ATTACHED SUCH GREAT IMPORTANCE, MIGHT HAVE
BEEN BROKEN BY THIS ONE UNFORTUNATE MISTAKE. WHAT, VENIAMIN
WONDERED, COULD GOC DO TO RESTORE PREVIOUS HARMONY AND MUTUAL
CONFIDENCE IN THE CYPRUS-AMERICAN RELATIONSHIP? HE ASKED THAT
DCM CONSULT WITH ME AND GIVE HIM OUR PRIVATE VIEWS UPON HIS
RETURN FROM OFFICIAL VISIT TO RUMANIA. (HE WILL RETURN IN ABOUT
A WEEK.) VENIAMIN SAID IT WAS URGENT THAT SOME WAY OF DISPELLING
CLOUD BE FOUND, a AS CERTAIN TROUBLEMAKERS WHO DID NOT WISH TO SEE
GOOD RELATIONS BETWEEN US AND CYPRUS WERE TRYING TO WIDEN THE GAP
BY CARRYING TO KYPRIANOU STORIES OF DEROGATORY COMMENTS
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PAGE 02 NICOSI 00029 061008Z
CONCERNING HIM ALLEGEDLY MADE BY US EMBOFFS.
3. DCM SAID HE WOULD CONVEY VENIAMIN'S CONCERN TO ME AND PROMISED
WE WOULD BE BACK IN TOUCH AFTER HIS RETURN FROM RUMANIA. THERE
NO DOUBT THAT US CONFIDENCE IN GOC HAD BEEN BADLY SHAKEN BY
KYPRIANOU'S FAILURE HONOR A SPSTIFIC COMMITMENT THAT CYPRIOT CHIEF
OF STATE HAD MADE AND SUBSEQUENTLY REAFFIRMED. AS AMBASSADOR BUSH
HAD NOTED TO KYPRIANOU WHEN LATTER CALLED TO TRY TO EXPLAIN HIS
ACTION, IT DIFFICULT ACT EFFECTIVELY FOR PEACE IF GOVERNMENTS DID
NOT HONOR SOLEMN COMMITMENTS. AS AMBASSADOR POPPER HAD POINTED
OUT TO ARCHBISHOP, IT WOULD NOT BE EASY FOR US WORK WITH KYPRIANOU.
4. VENIAMIN SAID HE COULD WELL UNDERSTAND THIS. UNFORTUNATELY,
REPLACING FONMIN WAS SOMETHING ARCHBISHOP, AS HUMANE MAN, COULD NOT
NOW DO. KYPRIANOU'S HEALTH FRAGILE AND, WITH HIS BAD HEART, SHOCK
OF DISMISSAL COULD WELL KILL HIM. (KYPRIANOU ADMITTEDLY HAS A
MODERATELY SERIOUS HEART CONDITION THAT CURRENTLY EXACERBATED BY
HIS PROTRACTED LABORS IN NEW YORK, BUT WE THINK THIS IS AN
EXAGGERATION.)
EXCES
5. DCM COMMENTED THAT USG NOT VINDICTIVE. OUR DISAPPOINTMENT
AT ALL LEVELS NOT TO BE MINIMIZED BUT BEST WAY OF WORKING AWAY
FROM THIS WOULD BE FOR CYPRUS TO TRY TO ACCENTUATE THE ENDURING
POSITIVE ELEMENTS IN OUR RELATIONSHIP. ALSO USG IS VERY MUCH
CONCERNED TO SEE ALL PARTIES TAKE A MORE FLEXIBLE ATTITUDE WHEN
ENLARGED CONSTITUTIONAL NEGOTIATIONS START UP, PRESUMABLY LATER
THIS MONTH. A DEFINITIVE SOLUTION TO THE CYPRUS PROBLEM IS IN
EVERYONE'S INTEREST. THERE UNDOUBTEDLY OTHER AREAS WHERE GOC COULD
DEMONSTRATE ITS STATED INTEREST IN BEST POSSIBLE RELATIONS WITH
US. WE WOULD LOOK FORWARD TO FURTHER DISCUSSION AFTER VENIAMIN'S
RETURN.
6. COMMENT: THERE IS UTILITY IN NOT LETTING MAKARIOS ON WHOSE
INSTRUCTION, DESPITE THE DISCLAIMER, IT WOULD APPEAR VENIAMIN WAS
SPEAKING - - EASILY SLIDE OFF THE HOOK OF HIS EMBARRASSMENT.
DESIRE TO DO SO NOW MAY BE RELATED TO GOC INTENTION TO
ESTABLISH RELATIONS WITH PRC INICOSIA 017). WITHOUT PRETEND-
ING THAT WE CAN FORGET THE CHICOM EPISODE, WE BELIEVE WE
SHOULD INDICATE THAT IT IS WITHIN POWER OF GOC TO IMPROVE
RELATIONS WITH US THROUGH DEMONSTRATION THAT IT IS CONCERNED
TO RESPOND To OUR CONCERNS.
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DEPARTMENT OF STATE
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TELEGRAM
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PAGE 03 NICOSI 00029 061008Z
7. OUTSTANDING AREA FOR GOC PERFORMANCE SEEMS TO US TO LIE
IN FIELD OF CUBAN SHIPPING. AS DEPT KNOWS, CYPRUS FLAG OF
CONVENIENCE NOW COVERS BULK OF FREE WORLD SHIP TRADE WITH
CUBA. WE HAVE REPEATEDLY BEEN TOLD THAT CYPRUS WOULD TIGHTEN
ITS MARITIME LEGISLATION AND TAKE STEPS BETTER TO CONTROL
EXCES
THIS TRAFFIC: BUT EVIDENTLY BECAUSE OF STRENGTH OF VESTED
INTERESTS INVOLVED NOTHING HAS HAPPENED. VENIAMIN'S REQUEST
GIVES US AN OPPORTUNITY TO URGE ACTION RATHER THAN WORDS ON
THIS IMPORTANT SUBJECT - - ACTION WHICH WILL LEAD TO SUBSTANTIAL
REDUCTION IF NOT ELIMINATION OF CYPRUS FLAG VESSELS' PARTICIPA-
TION IN FREE WORLD TRADE WITH CUBA. IN ADDITION WE WOULD PRESS
FOR FLEXIBILITY IN INTERCOMMUNAL NEGOTIATIONS TO FACILITATE
REAL PROGRESS TOWARD A CYPRUS SETTLEMENT, ALONG LINES PARA 5
ABOVE.
8. WE WOULD WELCOME DEPT'S VIEWS ON FOREGOING AND ANY OTHER
THOUGHTS IT MAY HAVE.
POPPER
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NOTE BY OC/T: EXDIS CAPTION ADDED PER S/S-0 MR. BRIMS.
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DEPARTMENT
OF
STATE
NHE
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICAN
TELEGRAM
WH
SECRET 256
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00021 051146Z
2
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3
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 1026 W
069548
R 051100Z JAN 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 5506
EXPIN EXCLUS
SECRE T NICOSIA 021
EXDIS
SUBJ: PRESIDENTIAL LETTERS
REF: STATE 001185
1. SEPTEL REPORTS JANUARY 3 CONVERSATION BETWEEN GOC FONOFF
DIRGEN VENIAMIN AND DCM WHICH SEEMS TO SHOW THAT MAKARIOS IS
STILL ACTIVELY CONCERNED OVER EFFECT ON HIS RELATIONS WITH
US OF FONMIN KYPRIANOU'S FAILURE HONOR ARCHBISHOP'S COMMITMENT
SUPPORT US ON CHIREP VOTE IN UN. AS INDICATED SEPTEL, WE
HOPE USE OPENING GIVEN US BY VENIAMIN TO PRESS FOR BETTER
GOC PERFORMANCE ON MATTERS OF DIRECT INTEREST TO USG, ESPECIALLY,
CUBAN SHIPPING AND PROGRESS TOWARDS A CYPRUS SOLUTION. IT
HAS BEEN AGREED THAT FOLLOW- UP CONVERSATION WILL TAKE PLACE
IN ABOUT A WEEK, FOLLOWING VENIAMIN'S CURRENT TRIP TO RUMANIA.
2. PRESENTATION NOW OF WARM CONFIDENTIAL MESSAGE FROM
PRESIDENT NIXON WOULD RUN COUNTER OUR EFFORT EXTRACT SOME
ADVANTAGE FROM GOC'S EMBARRASSMENT. ACCORDINGLY, I HOPE I
WILL BE AUTHORIZED DELAY MEETING WITH ARCHBISHOP FOR APPROXI-
MATELY 10 DAYS - TWO WEEKS, I.E. UNTIL AFTER OUR NEXT TALK
WITH VENIAMIN HAS HAD A CHANCE SINK IN. PLEASE ADVISE.
GP - 3.
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TELEGRAM
EXEMS EXAIS
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SECRET 890
2
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ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 1026 W
058822
WHITE HOUSE
R 221400Z OCT 71
'71 OCT 22 PM 2:34 34
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 5307
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMSBASSY ATHENS 2879
AMEMBASSY LONDON
USMISSION NATO
USMISSION UN
SECR E T NICOSIA 1908
EXDIS
DEPT PASS TO EUCOM AND USDOCOSOUTH
SUBJECT: UNSYG INITIATIVE
1. SUMMARY. AS STOPGAP UNTIL I HAVE OPPORTUNITY SPEAK TO
MAKARIOS, I HAVE URGED FONOFF DIRGEN VENIAMIN AVOID CLOSING
DOORS ON SYG INITIATIVE. VENIAMIN SPELLED OUT EXACT NATURE
OF GOC COUNTER SUGGESTIONS. END SUMMARY.
2. I SAW FONOFF DIRGEN VENIAMIN EVENING OCT 21. I ASKED
HIM IF IT WAS TRUE THAT GOC HAD GIVEN NEGATIVE WRITTEN
REPLY TO SYG'S OCTOBER 18 PROPOSAL. I COMMENTED THAT CYPRUS
RISKS ISOLATION ON THIS MATTER IF IT DOES NOT KEEP THE BALL
IN PLAY. AN END TO ALL NEGOTIATIONS WOULD CREATE A VERY
DANGEROUS SITUATION.
3. VENIAMIN SAID GOC HAS NO INTENTION OF TERMINATING THE
DISCUSSION WITH SYG AS TO NEW NEGOTIATING PROCEDURES.
KYPRIANOU HAD REPLIED NEGATIVELY TO SYG'S SUGGESTION THAT
CONSTITUTIONAL EXPERTS REPRESENTING GOG AND GOT BE ADDED TO
TALKS. (VENIAMIN STRESSED THAT SYG HAD USED THE WORD "SUGGESTED"
TO IMPLY EXPLORATORY RATHER THAN FINAL NATURE OF HIS PROPOSAL.)
KYPRIANOU UNDER INSTRUCTIONS REVIEW WITH SYG ON OCT 21
FOLLOWING THREE APPROACHES TO FURTHER NEGOTIATION ON
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE SECRET AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
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PAGE 02 NICOSI 01908 221455Z
CYPRUS PROBLEM:
(A) GOC WOULD WELCOME PARTICIPATION OF UNSYG SPECIAL
REPRESENTATIVE IN ON GOING ON ISLAND CONSTITUTIONAL NEGOTIATIONS
BETWEEN GOC AND TURKISH COMMUNITY. IF SYG DEEMS IT ADVISABLE
ALSO ADD A CONSTITUTIONAL EXPERT OR EXPERTS, SHOULD BE FROM
SYG'S OWN STAFF. CONSTITUTINAL TAPDS SHOULD SET ASIDE POSITION
-
PAPERS SO FAR TABLED BY DENKTASH AND CLERIDES AND START FROM
SCRATCH WITH EVERYTHING OPEN FOR RE EXAMINATION.
(B) GOC CAN ACCEPT PARALLEL DISCUSSION OF INTERNATIONAL
ASPECTS IN NEW YORK UNDER SYG AND WITH PARTICIPATION OF GOC,
GOG AND GOT.
(C) AS ALTERNATIVE TO (A) AND (B), GOC WOULD ACCEPT
CREATION BY SYG OF AN INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE TO EXAMINE AND
MAKE RECOMMENDATIONS ON FUNDAMENTALS OF CYPRUS PROBLEM, BOTH
CONSTITUTIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL. THIS COMMITTEE TO CONSIST
OF GOC, GOG AND GOT PLUS FOUR PERMANENT SC MEMBERS: OR GOC,
GOG AND GOT PLUS ONE PERMANENT SC MEMBER AND UNDETERMINED
NUMBER OF NON PERMANENT SC MEMBERS. VENIAMIN SAID HE REALIZED
INCLUSION OF SOVIETS IN NEGOTIATING BODY WOULD BE SENSITIVE AND
BITTERLY DISTASTEFUL TO WESTERN POWERS AND THEREFORE GOC
WOULD NOT PRESS FOUR PERMANENT MEMBER VERSION.
4. FOLLOWING VENIAMINS DISCUSSION OF GOC'S IDEAS ON
ALTERNATIVE PROCEDURES, WE ARGUED BACK AND FORTH AT LENGTH ON
RELATIVE MERITS (MORE PROPERLY DEMERITS) OF THESE AS CONTRASTED
WITH SOMETHING ALONG THE LINES SYG HAD PROPOSED. I EMPHASIZED
OUR VIEW THAT ANY SC COMMITTEE WOULD BE A CUMBERSOME DEVICE,
UNLIKELY TO BE PRODUCTIVE. AS TO SYG'S SUGGESTION, WE WENT OVER
WAYS IN WHICH PROPOSAL MIGHT BE MADE SAFER AND MORE SATISFACTORY
TO GOC, INCLUDING MORE PRECISE DEFINITION OF ROLES OF GOG AND
GOT TECHNICAL REPRESENTATIVES, AND SPECIFICATION THAT AGENDA
OPEN FOR DISCUSSION OF INTERNATINAL AS WELL AS CONSTITUTIONAL
ASPECTS ON AD REFERENDUM BASIS. VENIAMIN CONTINUED TO RESIST
FIVE PARTY APPROACH, CITING GOC FEARS OF COERCION IN SUCH A
CONTEXT. HOWEVER I CAME AWAY WITH FEELING THAT IT NOT
IMPOSSIBLE THAT, SHOULD GOC FIND ITS ALTERNATIVES SHOT DOWN,
IT MIGHT RELUCTANTLY BE BROUGHT TO CONSIDER SOMETHING ALONG
THE LINES OF SYG PROPOSAL IF CAST IN MORE SPECIFIC TERMS.
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
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PAGE 03 NICOSI 01908 2214552
5. IN CONCLUDING, VENIAMIN REITERATED HIS ASSURANCES THAT
GOC DOES NOT WANT TO CLOSE ANY DOORS ON NEW NEGOTIATING
PROCEDURE.
POPPER
NOTE BY OC/T: NOT PASSED EUCOM AND USDOCOSOUTH.
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
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PAGE 01 NICOSI 01874 180954Z
12
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 /026 W
017965
R 151525Z OCT 71
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 5287
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
AMEMBASSY LONDON
USMISSION UN
USMISSION NATO
SECRE T NICOSIA 1874
SITUATION SITUATION ROOM ROOM
WHITE WHITE HOUSE HOUSE
'71 OCT 18 AM 11:50
EXDIS
SUBJECT: GRIVAS SITUATION
REF: STATE 189029
1 * DEPT IS OF COURSE ABSOLUTELY RIGHT: ACTION BY GRIVAS
COULD THROW OFF IMPROVED PROSPECTS FOR NEGOTIATION WHICH NOW
PRESENTED BY FIVE PARTY PROCEDURE. ALSO WE SHARE DEPTS
VIEW THAT OCT 28 COULD BE A BIG DAY FOR GRIVAS.
2. HOWEVER THERE IS LARGE ELEMENT OF BRINKMANSHIP IN
THE ATMOSPHERE AND MAYBE FOR TIME BEING USG'S BEST INTERESTS
SERVED BY PLAYING ALONG WITH IT. IT IS A FACT THAT REGARDLESS
OF WHY HE IS HERE OR WHO SENT HIM, GRIVAS PRESENCE IS
WORRYING MAKARIOS AND THIS MAY NOT BE WITHOUT ADVANTAGES.
3. MAKARIOS, FOR ONE, BELIEVES THAT QUESTIONS OF GRIVAS
AND HIS ACCEPTANCE OR REFUSAL OF NEW NEGOTIATING PROCEDURE
ARE LINKED. WITH ME ON OCT 8 INICOSIA 1837) HE INTIMATED THAT
HIS INTENTION DEFY GREECE AND TURKEY ON FIVE PARTY PROCEDURE
MIGHT PRECIPITATE CHALLENGE BY GRIVAS. AT THAT TIME HIS
MOOD WAS COMBATIVE. WITH UK HIGH COMMISSIONER EDMONDS
OCT 14 (SEPTEL), AND WITH BETTER INSIGHT INTO JUST HOW MUCH
SUPPORT THERE IS FOR FIVE PARTY PROCEDURE, HE TOOK THE
IMPLICATION THAT ACCEPTANCE OF THIS PROCEDURE MIGHT BE HIS
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
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PAGE 02 NICOSI 01874 180954Z
ONLY WAY OF AVOIDING A GRIVAS CHALLENGE. TO EDMONDS: AND
OTHERS HE HAS NOW SHOWN AWARENESS THAT IT BEHOOVES
HIM GIVE PROCEDURE MOST CAREFUL CONSIDERATION.
4. I WOULD SUGGEST WE REEXAMINE DESIRABILITY OF DEMARCHES:
ALONG LINES PARA 5 REFTEL NEXT WEEK WHEN, THROUGH OSORIO-
EXCE
TAFALL, WE WILL HAVE BETTER PICTURE ON CHANCES
OF ARCHBISHOPS ACCEPTING FIVE PARTY PROCEDURE. TWO ADDITIONAL
THOUGHTS ARE THAT, IF GOG Is BEHIND GRIVAS, IT IS QUESTION-
ABLE WHETHER WE WOULD GET THE DESIRED RESPONSE. FURTHER WE
STILL DO NOT FEEL ARCHBISHOPS REFERENCE, NOW PUBLIC, TO
DEFENSE MINISTRY POST FOR GRIVAS IS SERIOUS OR WILL BE
TAKEN SERIOUSLY BY GRIVAS. IT IS PART OF ARCHBISHOPS WE-
COULD-WORK-TOGETHER GAMBIT DESIGNED TO APPEAR SWEETLY
REASONABLE AND THUS CREATE HESITANCE AMONG GRIVAS
SUPPORTERS.
5. WE WILL STUDY FURTHER FOLLOWING AMBASSADOR POPPER'S
RETURN OCT 19. GP-4
CRAWFOREW
OC1 18 m 11:20
- 30 Cuy
ЛХ 100
ussn
STATE
LETECKVW
NOT TO BE REPRODUCE WITHOUT THSESEHORIZATION c THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
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PAGE 01 NICOSI 01841 121315Z
12 PM 1:00 a
53
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 1026 W
105756
PR 121200Z OCT 71
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 5274
USMISSION USUN PRIORITY
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
EXCES EXCES EXCES
AMEMBASSY LONDON
USMISSION NATO
SSE COR ET NICOSIA 1841
EXDIS
DEPARTMENT PASS USDOCOSOUTH EUCOM
SUBJECT: CYPRUS: MAKARIOS RESISTS FIVE PARTY PROCEDURE
REF: NICOSIA 1840
1. GREEK AMBASSADOR PANAYOTACOS ASKED ME TO CALL OCT 12
TO HEAR RESULTS HIS OCT 11 DEMARCHE TO MAKARIOS. BEFORE
SUMMARIZING, HE NOTED RUEFULLY THAT WE HAD UNFORTUNATELY BEEN
CORRECT IN JUDGING THAT a MAKARIOS WOULD TAKE HIS CASE INTO
PUBLIC ARENA THROUGH DISTORTED LEAKS TO PRESS. (THIS MORNING'S
PHILELEFTHEROS ANNOUNCES THAT PROPOSAL FOR FIVE PARTY PROCEDURE
HAS BEEN LAUNCHED AND CHARACTERIZES IT AS AN UNACCEPTABLE
GOT MANEUVER TO GANG UP ON CYPRUS B SEE FBIS ITEM BEING REPEATED
2. ACCOORDING PANAYOTACOS, ARCHBISHOP TEMPORIZED. HE CLEARLY
DISLIKED FIVE PARTY PROCEDURE, EVEN DRESSED UP AS ESSENTIALLY
AN SYG GOOD OFFICES OPERATION. HE COUNTERED WITH HIS FUZZY
BIG FOUR/SC COMMITTEE. PANAYOTACOS TOLD HIM IT RIDICULOUS
EVEN SUGGEST THIS. ARCHBISHOP THEN CAME BACK TO IDEA OF GREEK
AND TURKISH AMBASSADORS PLUS UK HIGH COMMISSIONER JOINING
CLERIDES AND DENKTASH TO DISCUSS INTERNATIONAL ASPECTS.
PANAYOTACOS SHOT THAT ONE DOWN AS PUTTING CART BEFORE THE
CONSTITUTIONAL HORSE.
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PAGE 02 100 NICOSI 01841 121315Z
3. PANAYOTACOS GENERAL IMPRESSIONS WERE THAT ARCHBISHOP
(A) KNOWS IT WILL BE A BIT TICKLISH REUECTING SYG PROPOSAL
WHEN IT IS FORMALLY PUT, PARTICULARLY BECAUSE HE HAS NO
VIABLE ALTERNATIVES TO SUGGEST: (B) WILL TORPEDO FIVE PARTY
PROCEDURE BY OTHER MEANS: AND (C) HAS POOR COMMUNICATIONS
WITH KYPRIANOU IN NEW YORK, SINCE HE SEEMS ONLY VAGUELY
INFORMED OF SEVERAL 3 CONVERSATIONS LATTER HAS HAD THERE.
4. GREEK AMBASSADOR AND I AGREE IT DESIRABLE THAT (A) SYG MOVE
QUICKLY, (B) USG SIGNIFY HERE AS WELL AS IN NEW YORK ITS GENERAL
SUPPORT OF PROCEDURE EVEN BEFORE SYG PROPOSAL FORMALLY :
PUT, TO TRY TO FORESTALL ARCHRISHOP BURNING ALL HIS BRIDGES
BEHID HIM: (C) UK, IF POSSIBLE COME IN AFTER SUG HAS ACTED TO
SPACE OUT APPROACHES SO THAT MAKARIOS NATURAL RESISTENCE NOT BE
INCREASED BY EXCESSIVE APPEARANCE OF COORDINATED PRESSURE.
CRAWFORD
NOTE BY OC/T: NOT PASSED USDOCOSOUTH EUCOM.
S
1:00
15
NOT TO BE REPRODU D WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATIO OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
SH/20/ebs
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PAGE 01 NICOSI 01840 1213297
2
53
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 1026 W
105820
PR 121205Z OCT 71
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 5273
USMISSION UN PRIORITY
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
AMEMBASSY LONDON
USMISSION NATO UNN
EUCOM
USDOCOSOUTH
SECR E T NICOSIA 1840
EXDIS
SUBJECT: GOG AMBASSADOR DISCUSSES OUTCOME OF NY TALKS
1. SUMMARY: GREEK AMB PANAYOTACOS SAYS TURKEY HAS AGREED
TO PARTICIPATION OF UNSYG SPECIAL REP IN EXPANDED
INTERCOMMUNAL TALKS. AS CONSEQUENCE, U THANT HAS AGREED PUT
GOG-GOT PROPOSAL FORMALLY TO GOC. PANAYOTACOS SEEING MAK-
ARIOS OCT 11 TO TELL HIM TO ACCEPT, OR FORGET ABOUT A COMMON
FRONT WITH ATHENS AND BE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE CONSEQUENCES.
PANAYOTACOS DOUBTS MAKARIOS WILL BEND. END SUMMARY.
2. ON OCT 11 PANAYOTACOS RECAPITULATED FOR ME UNDERSTANDINGS
REACHED BETWEEN PALAMAS AND OLCAY AT THEIR NEW YORK MEETINGS,
AS FOLLOWS: (A) GOG AND GOT TO JOIN INTERCOMMUNAL TALKS
THROUGH TECHNICAL REPRESENTATIVES: (B) LONDON ZURICH AGREEMENTS
ARE THE "FLOOR": (C) FOCUS TO BE ON CONSTITUTIONAL ASPECTS
BUT DISCUSSION OF INTERNATIONAL FRAMEWORKHNOT RULED OUT:
(D) THERE WOULD BE DISCUSSION OF TENTATIVE TRADE OFF BETWEEN
AGREEING WITH TURKS THAT ALL ARTICLES OF 1960 CONSTITUTION
NOT SPECIFICALLY AMENDED REMAIN VALID AND GETTING THEM AGREE
TO TURKISH MINISTER OF LOCAL ADMINISTRATION TO RESOLVE THAT
CORE ISSUE: (E) JUNE 1972 IS DEADLINE FOR CONCLUSION NEW
PHASE OF INTERCOMMUNAL TALKS.
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THEPRHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
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PAGE 02 NICOSI 01840 1213297
3. PANAYOTACOS SAID THAT AT 11TH HOUR AFTER HIS DEPARTURE
FROM NEW YORK GOT HAD CONCURRED IN PARTICIPATION OF UNSYG
SPECIAL REP PROVIDED TURKEY GIVEN A SAY IN HIS SELECTION.
U THANT HAS ACCORDINGLY AGREED RECOMMEND FIVE PARTY PROCEDURE
TO MAKARIOS. PANAYOTACOS UNCLEAR FROM HIS TELS WHEN
SYG WILL ACT.
4. PANAYOTACOS EXCORIATED KYPRIANOU, CALLING HIM MENTALLY
UNBALANCED AND SAYING GOG VERY ANGRY AT HIS RESISTENCE TO
FIVE PARTY PROPOSAL AND HIS "ABSURD" COUNTER PLOY SUGGESTION
OF SEVEN PARTY FORUM INCLUDING SOVIETS. FURTHER REASON FOR
GOG ANGER WAS SECRET MEETING BETWEEN KYPRIANOU AND MRS HELEN
VLACHOS IN NEW YORK, WHICH PANAYOTACOS TERMED UNACCEPTABLE
BEHAVIOR.
5. GREEK AMBASSADOR SAID HE HAD APPOINTMENT WITH MAKARIOS
FOR LATE SAME MORNING TO TELL HIM, ON INSTRUCTIONS, THA HE
MUST ACCEPT FIVE PARTY PROPOSAL. EMPHASIS WILL BE ON
PARTICIPATION OF SYG SPECIAL REP: GOG-GOT INVOLVEMENT WILL BE
PLAYED DOWN ("INTERMITTENT ASSISTANCE OF TECHNICAL EXPERTS")
PROPOSAL WILL BE BILLED AS OUTGROWTH OF SYG'S LAST REPORT TO
SC AND AS IN ACCORDANCE WITH ARCHBISHOPS DESIRE THAT TALKS
CARRY ON UNDER SYG GOOD OFFICES MANDATE. ON THE STICK SIDE,
MAKARIOS WOULD BE TOLD THAT CONSEQUENCE OF HIS REFUSAL WOULD
BE RUPTURE OF COMMON FRONT WITH ATHENS, WITH MAKARIOS SOLELY
RESPONSIBLE FOR THE CONSEQUENCES OF WHATEVER ENSUED FROM
HIS GOING IT ALONE.
6. IN RESPONSE MY QUESTION, PANAYOTACOS ADMITTED IT IMPROBABLE
ARCHBISHOP WOULD BEND. WE AGREED THAT HE IS MORE LIKELY
INDULGE IN HIS CHARACTERISTIC TACTIC OF LEAKING FIVE PARTY
PROPOSAL IN DISTORTED FORM, DEPICTING IT AS AN EFFORT COERCE
EXCES
CYPRUS INTO ABANDONING SACRED HELLENIC INTERESTS, ETC, WITH
OBJECT OF SHAPING PUBLIC OPINION WHICH HE CAN THEN USE TO
JUSTIFY HIS NON-COOPERATION.
7. PANAYOTACOS WILL INFORM ME OCT 12 OF RESULTS HIS MEETING
WITH MAKARIOS. WE AGREED THAT SYG'S INITIATIVE AND US AND
UK SUPPORTING REPRESENTATIONS WILL HAVE TO COME SOON IF THEY
ARE TO HAVE ANY EFFECT IN SHIFTING MAKARIOS NEGATIVE POSITION
AND FORESTALLING HIS PROBABLE MOVE INTO THE PUBLIC ARENA.
NOT TO BE REPRODUCE WITHOUT THEAHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
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PAGE 03 NICOSI 01840 1213297
8. IF THIS NOT ALREADY DONE, RECOMMEND WE URGE SYG MOVE
PROMPTLY TO PROPOSE FIVE PARTY PROCEDURE FORMALLY TO GOC.
FURTHER, IN ADDITION SUPPORTING COMMENTS ON IT ALREADY MADE
TO KYPRIANOU BY SECRETARY AND ASSISTANT SECRETARY SISCO
(USUN 33911, BELIEVE IT WOULD BE HELPFUL IF I WERE INSTRUCTED
PASS USG VIEW (FAVORING FIVE PARTY AND DISCOURAGING SEVEN
PARTY APPROACH) TO FONOFF DIRGEN FOR ATTENTION OF ARCHBISHOP.
PLEASE ADVISE.
CRAWFORD
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THEAUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
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EXCES EXCES
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PAGE 01 NICOSI 01682 01 OF 02 150703Z
HAtc
16
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 = /026 W
029796
R 150540Z SEP 71
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 5184
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSYATHENS
STUATION ROOM
WHITE HOUSE
AMEMBASSY LONDON
'71 SEP 15 AM 9 9:49 49
USMISSION UN
USMISSION NATO UNN
EUCOM
USDOCOSOUTH
S E CAR ET SECTION 1 OF 2 NICOSIA 1682
EXDIS
FOR ASSISTANT SECRETARY SISCO
SUBJECT: CYPRUS
REF: STATE 167530
1 * SUMMARY. WE FULLY SUPPORT IDEA THAT SECRETARY EXPLORE
CYPRUS PROBLEM DEVELOPMENTS WITH OLCAY AND PALAMAS IN
CONNECTION THEIR SCHEDULED MEETINGS. UN-CONNECTED FORMAL,
HIGH LEVEL MEDIATION IS PROCEDURAL ALTERNATIVE TO INTERCOMMUNAL
TALKS. HOWEVER, UN PRESENCE IN INTERCOMMUNAL TALKS AS DEVICE
TO GET THEM MOVING AGAIN MAY BOTH SATISFY US INTEREST AND BE
EASIER TO ACCOMPLISH, GRIVAS RETURN SOMEWHAT CLOUDS THE
PICTURE. END SUMMARY.
2. I HAVE FOLLOWING COMMENTS ON YOUR MESSAGE, WITH
WHICH WE HERE ARE IN ACCORD.
3. FORMAL UN-CONNECTED MEDIATION VERSUS INFORMAL
MEDIATION THROUGH THIRD PARTY PRESENCE IN INTERCOMMUNAL
TALKS. ON SURFACE, FORMAL MEDIATION LOOKS AS IF IT WOULD
BE MORE EFFECTIVE a BECAUSE OF GREATER ELEMENT OF
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THESAURHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
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PAGE 02 NICOSI 01682 01 OF 02 1507032
COMPULSION @ THAN MORE PROSAIC "THIRD PARTY PRESENCE"
IN INTERCOMMUNAL TALKS. HOWEVER, FORMAL MEDIATION
WOULD BE RESISTED HERE AND IN ANKARA. ALSO FORMAL MEDIATION
AS THEORETICALLY MORE PRESTIGIOUS PROCEDURE, AS ADDEN-
DANT DISADVANTAGE OF DRAWING MORE PUBLIC ATTENTION AND
POTENTIALLY OF REINFORCING INTRANSIGENCE. CURRENTLY,
PARTIES HAVE WRITTEN THEMSELVES INTO EXTREME AND
INFLEXIBLE POSTURES. WHAT IS NEEDED IS A RETURN TO QUIET
TALKING OUT OF THE LIMELIGHT, WITH NUDGING FROM THIRD
PARTY TO HELP ERASE THE HARD EDGES OF THESE POSITIONS.
THIRD PARTY PRESENCE CONCEPT ALSO HAS ADVANTAGE OF
CARRYING ON THE INTERCOMMUNAL TALKS WHICH, CONSTITUTIONAL
ASPECTS ASIDE, REMAIN MOST IMPORTANT CHANNEL FOR
MAINTAINING STABILITY ON ISLAND.
4. FOR FOREGOING REASONS, I SHARE YOUR FEELINGS ABOUT
EASING INTO A TYPE OF MEDIATION THROUGH APPOINTMENT OF
THIRD PARTY TO SIT WITH CLERIDES AND DENKTASH. IN THIS
REGARD, WE NOW HAVE CONFIRMATION THAT OSORIO-TAFALLS
RESIGNATION AS SYG'S SPECIAL REPRESENTATIVE HAS
BEEN ACCEPTED EFFECTIVE IN DECEMBER AFTER SC MEETING
ON UNFICYP RENEWAL. OSORIOS RETIREMENT MAY BE
OPPORTUNE. OSORIO HAS MADE MANY CONTRIBUTIONS HERE,
BUT I WOULD AGREE HE IS NOT IN POSITION TO REINVIGORATE
THE INTERCOMMUNAL TALKS. THROUGH NO FAULT OF HIS OWN,
BUT SIMPLY BECAUSE HE HAS BEEN HERE SO LONG WHILE
PROBLEM HAS MUSHED ALONG, EVEN A LARGER ROLE FOR HIM
IN TALKS WOULD BE SEEN AS "MORE OF THE SAME" AND WOULD
NOT BE STIMULATIVE. THERE SEEMS EVERY REASON TO CHOSE
AS OSORIOS SUCCESSOR SOMEONE WITH THE QUALIFICATIONS TO
PLAY THIS EXPANDED THIRD PARTY ROLE IN INTERCOMMUNAL TALKS
5. AMERICAN VERSUS NON-AMERICAN. ASSUMING IT IS
CONCLUDED THAT OSORIOMS SUCCESSOR AND UN-APPOINTED THIRD
EXCES
PARTY TO LOCAL TALKS SHOULD BE SAME INDIVIDUAL, HE SHOULD
NOT, IN MY VIEW, BE AN AMERICAN. THE TIME FOR INVOLVING
AN AMERICAN WILL BE IF ALL ELSE FAILS AND OR WE ARE THROWN
INTO A CRISIS NECESSITATING ALL-OUT US DIPLOMACY A LA VANCE
MISSION. CHOOSING AN AMERICAN AS SYG'S SPECIAL REPRESEN-
TATIVE CUM THIRD PARTY PRESENCE WOULD RISK DISSIPATING
OUR INFLUENCE: WE WOULD BE PLAYING CARD WE SHOULD HOLD
IN RESERVE. WE COME BACK TO IDEA OF AN EMINENT WEST
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EXEMS EXCES
PAGE 03 NICOSI 01682 01 OF 02 150703Z
EUROPEAN OR SCANDINAVIAN JURIST WITH PROVEN DIPLOMATIC
SKILLS. BUT POLITICAL REALISM AND FORCE OF PERSONALITY
PROBABLY MORE IMPORTANT THAN SPECIALIZATION* TO BE
NOTED THAT BOTH CLERIDES AND DENKTASH HAVE AT VARIOUS
TIMES PRIVATELY INDICATED READINESS CONSIDER INVOLVEMENT
IN TALKS OF AN INDIVIDUAL WITH THIS KIND OF SKILLS AND FROM
THAT GEOGRAPHIC AREA. WE DO NOT THINK HE SHOULD BE
BRITISH SINCE THAT WOULD SMACK TOO MUCH OF NEGOTIATING
PATTERN DURING PRE-INDEPENDENCE COLONIAL PERIOD.
6. NICOSIA 876 CONTAINED SOME IDEAS ON CANDIDATE FOR
FORMAL MEDIATION BUT MOST WOULD SEEM TO BE TOO PROMINENT
TO ACCEPT SPECIAL REPRESENTATIVE CUM THIRD PARTY PRESENCE
ROLE. AUSTRALIAS SIR PAUL HASLUCK AND NETHERLANDS
HENRIK BOON ARE POSSIBLE EXCEPTIONS. HASLUCK IN
PARTICULAR WOULD START OUT WITH ADVANTAGE OF APPRECIATION
HERE FOR AUSTRALIAS SMALL BUT SIGNIFICANT ROLE IN UNFICYP.
SOME OTHER THOUGHTS ARE CONTAINED IN AMBASSADOR POPPER
TO COUNTRY DIRECTOR LETTER OF AUGUST 18. DEPT WILL HAVE
CLEARER IDEAS ON POSSIBLE CANDIDATE THAN WE FROM LIMITED
CYPRUS HORIZON.
CRAWFORD
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE SAUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
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PAGE 01 NICOSI 01682 02 OF 02 1507472
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ACTION SS-25
2
INFO OCT-01 1026 W
030067
R 150555Z SEP 71
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 5185
INFO AMEMBASSYANKARA
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
AMEMBASSY LONDON
USMISSION UN
USMISSION NATO UNN
EUCOM
USDOCOSOUTH
S E C R E T SECTION 2 OF 2 NICOSIA 1682
EXDIS
FOR ASSISTANT SECRETARY SISCO
SUBJECT CYPRUS
REF : STATE 167530
7. ACCEPTABILITY OF THIRD PARTY PRESENCE MEDIATION.
GOC HAS BEEN STEADILY PULLING BACK FROM EARLIER PRE-
DILECTION FOR ACTIVE ROLE BY UNSYG. IT IS SHOWING INCREASING
AWARENESS THAT IN MULTILATERAL PROCEDURE LAUNCHED BY HIM,
GOC WOULD BE BUT ONE VOICE AMONG SEVERAL INTERESTED
PARTIES AND MIGHT CONFRONT STRONGER PRESSURE FOR
COMPROMISE THAN IT HAS TO DATE. MAKARIOS CURRENTLY WANTS
A FLIRTATION, NOT AN AFFAIR, WITH SYG. IN ALL, HOWEVER, WE
THINK GOC WOULD FIND IT HARD REJECT THIRD PARTY ROLE FOR
NEW SPECIAL REPRESENTATIVE GIVEN ITS POSTURE THAT (A) IT WANTS
TALKS TO GO ON AND (B) NEXT STEPS WHOULD BE WITHIN CONTEXT SYG'S
GOOD OFFICES ROLE. AS REGARDS GREECE AND TURKEY, SOUNDINGS
BY EMBASSIES ATHENS AND ANKARA MAKE IT SEEM UNLIKELY THAT
EITHER GOG OR GOT HAS UP ITS SLEEVE FOR NEW YORK MEETINGS
ANY PROPOSAL LIKELY LEAD TO BREAKTHROUGH. EACH SIDE SEEMS
TO EXPECT THE OTHER TO PRODUCE A NEW AND PROMISING FORMULA.
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
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PAGE 02 NICOSI 01682 02 OF 02 1507472
IN CIRCUMSTANCES, OLCAY-PALAMAS MEETINGS COULD WELL TURN
OUT TO BE GREATLY OVER-ADVERTISED EVENT AND THERE COULD BE
CLIMATE OF RECEPTIVITY FOR US THOUGHTS.
8. SECRETARYS TALKS WITH OLCAY AND PALAMAS. WE WOULD
RECOMMEND SECRETARY DISCUSS CYPRUS WITH BOTH, IF POSSIBLE
BEFORE THEIR FIRST FORMAL MEETING ABOUT CYPRUS ON OCT 1.
WE WOULD SUGGEST SECRETARY TALK TO THEM ALONG FOLLOWING
EXCES EXCES
LINES:
A. BOTH GOVERNMENTS SHOULD, WE THINK, BE GIVEN PAT ON
THE BACK FOR USEFUL UPHILL WORK THIS SUMMER IN HELPING TO
MAINTAIN STABILITY IN CYPRUS.
B . GREECE IS TO BE CONGRATULATED FOR ITS INITIATIVE WITH
MAKARIOS TO INDUCE HIM TO COMPROMISE (ALTHOUGH INITIATIVE
COULD HAVE BEEN HANDLED BETTER).
C . WITH OLCAY IT WOULD PERHAPS BE ADVISABLE MENTION THAT
IF TURKISH CYPRIOTS REMAIN UNWILLING COMPROMISE DOWN FROM
"EVERYTHING IS NONNEGOTIABLE" STAND CONTAINED IN DENKTASH
AUGUST 9 LETTER, PROGRESS IS A LONG WAY OFF.
D. BOTH OLCAY AND PALAMAS SHOULD BE ASKED FOR PREVIEW
OF THOUGHTS THEY INTEND TO PRESENT WHEN THEY MEET.
3. FOLLOWING ON "D", SECRETARY COULD WITH BOTH EXPLORE
REACTIONS TO FORMAL MEDIATION (WE WOULD EXPECT TURKEY
TO BE NEGATIVE), AND POSSIBILITY OF THIRD PARTY
PRESENCE THROUGH NEW SPECIAL REPRESENTATIVE AS ALTER-
NATIVE PROBABLY MORE PALATABLE TO ALL.
9. PUTTING TEETH INTO THE EFFORT. THERE ARE WAYS IN WHICH
US CAN HELP PUT TEETH INTO THIRD PARTY PRESENCE FORM OF
MEDIATION. CERTAINLY US SHOULD BE DISCREETLY ACTIVE IN
SELECTION OF A NEW SPECIAL REPRESENTATIVE. ALSO, TO
MAXIMUM EXTENT THIS APPOINTMENT AND SPECIAL REPRESENTA-
TIVES ADDED FUNCTION OF SITTING IN ON TALKS SHOULD BE BUILT UP
AS AN IMPORTANT AND HOPEFULLY DECISIVE NEW PHASE OF
NEGOTIATION, PLACING ON THE PARTIES A RESPONSIBILITY FOR
REAL FLEXIBILITY AND COOPERATION. OUR THOUGHTS IN PARA 6 OF
NICOSIA 1842 REMAIN RELEVANT IN THIS REGARD. CLERIDES VIEW
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED 'ITHOUT THE AUTRORIZATION C THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
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STARTMENT
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THE
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PAGE 03 NICOSI 01682 02 OF 02 1507472
EXCES EXCES EXEMS
OF MINIMAL ROLE OF THIRD PARTY PRESENCE (NICOSIA 16481 SHOULD
OF COURSE NOT BE ACCEPTED. WE SHOULD ALSO REALIZE THAT OVER
THE LONGER TERM, IF THIS TYPE OF MEDIATION IS TO DO MORE THAN
BUY TIME (NO BAD THING IN ITSELF), USG WILL HAVE TO OPERATE IN
BACKGROUND TO INDUCE SOME FLEXIBILITY IN CURRENT FUNDAMENTAL
POSITION, WHICH ARE WORLDS APART. THIS WILL MEAN EFFORTS
WITH TURKEY AS WELL AS MAKARIOS.
100 GRIVAS RETURN. THIS THROWS LARGE ELEMENT OF TH IN-
CALCULABLE INTO SITUATION. WHAT HE AND THOSE BEHIND HIM,
WHOEVER THEY ARE, INTEND IS CURRENTLY UNKNOWN. WE THINK
THAT AT MINIMUM HIS PRESENCE LIKELY BE DISRUPTIVE ALTHOUGH,
IN A CONTEST> MAKARIOS HAS MUCH HIGHER CARDS. UNTIL GRIVAS
AFFAIR HAS BEEN RESOLVED ONE WAY OR ANOTHER, WE FACE AN ADDED
PROBLEM IN GETTING PARTIES TO THINK CONSTRUCTIVELY ABOUT HOW TO
RQCOMPROMISE THEIR DIFFERENCES. ACCENT WILL BE ON KEEPING
THE LID ON. WITHOUT PREJUDGING OR BEING ALARMIST WE
THINK US WOULD DO WELL TO BEAR IN MIND POSSIBILITY THAT CONNECTED
WITH GRIVAS RETURN THERE IS UNFOLDING HERE A SCENARIO PERHAPS
BACKED BY
GREECE AND EVEN TURKEY, THAT AIMS AT DOUBLE ENOSIS AND HAS
LITTLE TO DO WITH DIPLOMACY OF THE KIND WE HAVE IN MIND.
11. I KNOW YOU WILL WISH TO FACTOR INTO THIS SITUATION THE
VIEWS OF AMBASSADOR POPPER WHO WILL BE REACHING WASHINGTON
SEPT 20 FOLLOWING FAR EAST NEGOTIATIONS ON NARCOTICS
CONVENTION. GP-3
CRAWFORD
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THESERHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
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DEPARTMENT OF STATE
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OF STATES MAKE AMERICA UNITED
TELEGRAM
EXCES EXCES
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PAGE 01 NICOSI 01482 01 OF 02 181017Z
2
19
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 1026 W
087077
P R 1806002 AUG 71
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 5082
INFO AMEMBASSY ATHENS
AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY LONDON
USMISSION UN
USMISSION NATO
SITUATION ROOM
WHITE HOUSE
S E COR ETT SECTION i OF 2 NICOSIA 1482
'71 AUG 18 AM 9:41
EXDIS
SUBJECT: CYPRUS a NEXT STEPS:
REF Is STATE 147911
10 SUMMARY. WITH DEADLOCK OF INTERCOMMUNAL TALKS
PROSPECT IS FOR MORE UNSYG INVOLVEMENT POSSIBLY LEADING
TOWARD DESIGNATION OF UN MEDIATOR DEPENDING ON
DEVELOPMENTS BETWEEN NOW AND LATE SEPTEMBER, WE TEND
FAVOR THIS COURSE AS: OPPOSED TO ANI AMERICAN MEDIATION
INITIATIVE.
2ª OUR CONSIDERED VIEWS ON POSSIBLE COURSES OF ACTION
FOR US IN PRESENT CYPRUS SITUATION ARE CONTAINED IN
NICOSIA 1275's DEVELOPMENTS: OF PAST THREE WEEKS HAVE
NOT CHANGED GENERAL THRUST OF OUR THINKING.
3. AS MATTERS STAND, CONTINUED NEGOTIATION RATHER
THAN CONFRONTATION SEEMS MOST LIKELY PROSPECT
AT LEAST FOR THE NEXT EIGHT OR TEN WEEKS. WE
HADI BECOME CONCERNED THAT TURKEY ACTING ALONE OR
IN CONCERT WITH GREECE MIGHT GIVE UPI ON DIPLOMACY
IN FAVOR OF AN ATTEMPT AT QUICK MILITARY SOLUTION.
OBVIOUSLY LATTER NOT RULED OUT, AND WE MUST REMAIN
ALERT FOR INDICATIONS GOT HAS SIMPLY PUSHED ITS
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
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DEPARTMENT
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UNITID
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PAGE 02 NICOSI 01482 01 OF 02 181017Z
CONTINGENCY PLANNING FURTHER UNDERGROUND OR ONLY
DELAYED ITS PREPARATIONS. BUT USG#S TIMELY REPRESENTA-
TIONS IN ANKARA AND ATHENS AND THE COMMON REALIZATION
OF THE DANGERS OF A DYNAMIC POLICY, APPEAR TO HAVE
MINIMIZED LIKLIHOOD OF SURPRISE INITIATIVES, AT
LEAST FOR TIME BEING.
40 PRESENT TRACK APPEARS TO BE LEADING TOWARD SOME
FORM OF GREATER ACTIVITY IN UN CONTEXT NOW THAT
INTERCOMMUNAL TALKS HAVE DEADLOCKED LOCALLY. PARTIES
HAVE DIFFERENT OPTIC RE DESIRABILITY OF UN ACTION.
GOCUVIEW (MOST RECENT READING OF WHICH WAS OBTAINED
BY FRG CHARGE FROM FONMIN KYPRIANOU AUGUST 13) IS THAT
INTERCOMMUNAL TALKS GREW OUT OF SYG'S GOOD OFFICES:
PURSUANT DEC 22, 1967 SC RESOLUTION AND THAT GOOD
OFFICES ROLE NOW AUTOMATICALLY RESUMES. THIS THESIS
AVOIDS GOC APPEARING AS A SUPPLICANT FOR UN MEDIATION-
PROVIDED OTHERS CONCERNED ACCEPT IT. GOT HAS PROBLEMS
EXCES
WITH RESUMED UN ROLE (ANKARA 5567) BUT MAY FIND IT
HARD WIN SUPPORT FOR AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH SUCH
AS ERIM'S PREFERRED RECONVENING OF LONDON ZURICH
SIGNATORIES. WE GUESS GOG IS IN UNEASY PUSHI PULLYU
POSITION BETWEEN MAKARIOS AND ANKARA IFI REMARKS
OF UNSYG SPECIAL REP OSORIO-TAFALLI INICOSIA 1467) ARE
AN INDICATION, U THANT IS WELL! AWARE THAT HE HAS TO MOVE
CAUTIOUSLY, HEEDING GREECE AND TURKEY AS WELL
AS MAKARIOS. OUR CONCLUSION IS THAT A GOOD DEAL REMAINS
TO BE DONE BEFORE PARTIES CONCERNED CAN BE LINED UP
IN SUPPORT OF A MEDIATION PROCEDURE, AND THAT THERE
DOES NOT SEEM TO BE VERY MUCHI CHANCE OF ARRANGING IT
BEFORE PALAMAS-OLCAY MEETING AT UNGA.
5. MEDIATION HAS UNDOUBTED VALUE AS A. TIME GAINER AND
AS A MEANS OF PROLONGING DISCUSSIONS. WE SEE SEVERAL
VARIANTS AND STAGES AS POSSIBILITIES. IF UN AUSPICES
ARE DESIRED, SECGEN COULD DIRECTLY OR THROUGH
A HIGH SECRETARIAT OFFICIAL EXERCISE GOOD OFFICES TO
WORK OUT AGREEMENT ON A MODERATOR OR MEDIATOR, AND TRY
VARIOUS NAMES ON FOR SIZE WITH VIEW TO OBTAINING
AGREEMENT ON A SPECIFIC INDIVIDUAL. A MODERATOR, AS
GREEK CYPRIOTS USE THEI TERM, REFERS TO AN INDIVIDUAL WHO
SITS IN ON MEETINGS BETWEEN REPRESENTATIVES OF THE
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
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DIPARTMENT
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UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Department of State
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PAGE 03 NICOSI 01482 01 OF 02 181017Z
PARTIES (IN THIS CASE, CLERIDES AND DENKTASHI, LISTENS
TO BOTH SIDES, AND OFFERS SUGGESTIONS FOR RESOLVING
DIFFERENCES. A MEDIATOR WOULD CONSULT SEPARATELY WITH
EACH SIDE, WORK OUT ON HIS OWN PROPOSALS OF HIS OWN,
AND ATTEMPT TO INDUCE THE PARTIES TO ACCEPT THEM--
VERY MUCH THE JARRING TECHNIQUE, EXCEPT FOR PERHAPS
GREATER WILLINGNESS TO INJECT HIS PERSONAL IDEAS.
AN ARBITRATOR, WHOSE DECISIONS BOTH SIDES WOULD BE
BOUND TO ACCEPT, IS A THIRD POSSIBILITY. HOWEVER,
WITH ADHERENCE TO THIRD PARTY JUDGMENT AS COMPLETELY
OUT OF STYLE AS IT IS IN THE CONTEMPORARY INTERNATIONAL
WORLD, IT SEEMS UNREALISTIC TO EXPECT PARTIES TO PUT
THEIR FUTURE SO UNRESERVEDLY IN SOMEONE ELSES HANDS.
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
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N
DIPARTMENT OF STATE
16
*
Depariment of State
OF STATES UNITED AMERICA
TELEGRAM
SECRET
NOV
CONTRO 1567Q
6 NOV 25 OZ
P 06225.0Z NOV 70
SITUAT ON ROOM
WHITE HOUSE
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA PRIORITY 1878
PM 12:26
BT
SECRET STATE 183426
NODIS
EMB MAY INFORM ACTING PRES CLERIDES AND BRITISH HICOM
THAT AT REQUEST KYPRIANOU DEPT PROVIDING LATTER IN TOKYO
WITH IEXT NICOSIA'S AGREED CONTINGENCY STATEMENT
(NICOSIA 1952). FYI EMB CYPRUS INFORMED END FYI.
GP-1. JOHNSON
BT
DRAFTED BY: NEA/CYP:TWDavis:he
CLEARANCES: S/S- Mr. Brewster
APPROVED BY: NEA:Rodger P. Davies
N
SECRET
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H
6
NODIS
OF STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICAN
TELEGRAM
SECRET
CONTROL: 3376Q
RECD: 13 FEB'72, 5:03PM
0 132153Z FEB 72 ZFF4
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA IMMEDIATE 3414
BT
SECRET STATE 025339
NODIS
NODIS
FOR AMBASSADOR POPPER
1. YOU CAN BE ASSURED THAT FACTORS CITED IN YOUR PARA 5
OF NICOSIA'S 313 ARE AND WILL CONTINUE TO BE WEIGHED AS
OUR DAY-BY-DAY REVIEW CONTINUES.
2. IF YOU RECEIVE A DIRECT OR INDIRECT REQUEST FROM
MAKARIOS, you SHOULD ATTEMPT TO DELAY MEETING AS LONG
AS POSSIBLE, HOPEFULLY AT LEAST UNTIL FEBRUARY 15. IF MEETING
UNAVOIDABLE, YOU SHOULD LISTEN AND REPORT. WE SHOULD AVOID
ANY INDICATION OF POSSIBLE US ROLE.
3. WITHOUT RAISING MATTER WITH GOC WOULD APPRECIATE
POPPER'S VIEWS ON ELEMENTS OF POSSIBLE GOG-GOC DEAL AS
DESCRIBED IN ATHENS 800.
GP-3. IRWIN
BT
5339
NODIS
DRAFTED BY: NEA: : JJSisco
APPROVED BY: JJSisco
W/H-Mr.Saunders
Act. Secretary (subs)
S/S-0:Mr.Magee
SECRET
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PAGE 01 NICOSI 01482 02 OF 02 181225Z
53:11
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 1026 W
PER 180600Z AUG 71
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 5083
INFO AMEMBASSY ATHENS
AMEMBASSY ANKARA
SITUATION ROOM
WHITE HOUSE
USMISSION USUN
my '7100 887998 18 11:37 37
AUG AM
AMEMBASSY LONDON
USMISSION NATO
S ECRET SECTION 2 OF 2 NICOSIA 1482
EXDIS
C O RRECTEDC 0 PI Y (TEXTS)
SUBJECT: CYPRUS a NEXT STEPS:
REF # STATE 147911
60
NEVERTHELESS IT WOULD OBVIOUSLY BE DESIRABLE
FOR UN OR OTHER MEDIATOR TO BE ARMED WITH AS STRONG
A COMMITMENT AS POSSIBLE FROM THE PARTIES THAT
THEY WOULD GIVE FULLEST WEIGHT TO HIS EVENTUAL FINDINGS:
AND RECOMMENDATIONS. EVEN A SIMPLE DECLARATION BY THE
PARTIES TO THIS EFFECT WOULD BE HELPFUL. EVEN MORE
HELPFUL WOULD BE ADVANCE INDICATION FROM THE US AND
OTHER OUTSIDE INTERESTED PARTIES THAT THEY MIGHT
TAKE SOME ACTION TO DISADVANTAGE THE SIDE WHICH REJECTS:
AS MEDIATORS PROPOSALS® WHETHER AND HOW THIS CAN BE
DONE AS A PRACTICAL MATTER IS WORTH CONSIDERATION.
ANOTHER MEANS: OF HELPING TO PREVENT A PARTY FROM
CAPRICIOUSLY REUECTION A MEDIATORS REPORT WOULD BE
TO REQUIRE BOTH PARTIES TO ACCEPT A GENERAL SET OF
PRINCIPLES ON WHICH AGREEMENT WOULD BE BASED BEFORE
A MEDIATOR ACCEPTED TASK OF UNDERTAKING MEDIATION.
TURKISH CYPRIOT LEADERS ARE ALREADY TELLING US THAT
THEIR ACQUIESCENCE IN MEDIATION WOULD BE CONDITIONAL ON
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
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PAGE 02 NICOSI 01482 02 OF 02 181225Z
PRIORI ACCEPTANCE OF THEIR PRINCIPLES :- REJECTION OF ENOSIS,
RETENTION OF INTERNATIONAL GUARANTEES AND PARALLEL
REPRESENTATION AT CENTRAL GOVT LEVEL AS TERMS
OF REFERENCE FOR MEDIATION EFFORT).
7 ᵒ IN TERMS OF SUBSTANCE OF SOLUTION, SERIOUS
THOUGHT SHOULD BE GIVEN TO POSSIBILITIES AND
ADVANTAGES OF CUTTING MEDIATOR FREE OF PAST HISTORY
BY HAVING HIM SEEK A SOLUTION STARTING WITH THE EXIST-
ING SITUATION AND RSUVMMENDING ADJUSTMENTS TO BRING
GREEK AND TURKISH CYPRIOTS INTO A MORE HARMONIOUS CO-EXISTENCE
AND CREATE AN ULTIMATE SENSE OF COMMON IDENTITY.
IF THIS MEDICINE IS TOO STRONG FOR PARTIES TO SWALLOW
TURKS WOULD FIND IT MUCH MORE SO THAN MAKARIOS), MOD-
IATOR SHOULD AT LEAST CARRY OUT A SPLIT-THE-DIFFERENCE
OPERATION AIMING AT SOLUTION OF APPROXIMATE TYPE
WE DESCRIBED IN A-31 (MARCH 3, 1970).
80 AS REGARDS A US MEDIATION EFFORT, WE SEE THIS AS
HIGH RISK LOW POSSIBILITY OPTION AT PRESENT STAGE.
IN THE PAST WE HAVE BEEN OPENMINDED AND AT TIMES
FAVORABLE TO THE IDEA . WE HAVE SEEN IT AS ADVANTAGEOUS
BECAUSE IT WOULD SHOW OUR SERIOUSNESS OF INTENT THROUGH
ACTIVIST DIPLOMACY's IT WOULD HELP TO MAINTAIN GREATER
US CONTROL AND IT COULD EARN GRATITUDE OF OUR FRIENDS
IF IT WORKED. ON OTHER HAND, US MEDIATION AT PRESENT
STAGE WOULD CARRY WITH IT GREAT DISADVANGES. WE DOUBT
IT WOULD SUCEED UNLESS WEI WERE WILLING TO THROW REAL
WEIGHT INTO EFFORT. WEI WOULD BE OPERATING IN FACE OF
INTENSE COMMUNIST PROPAGANDA BARRAGE. WHATEVER THE
OUTCOME, WE WOULD RUN STRONG RISK OF ALIENATING ONE
OR BOTH SIDES.
9. ACCORDINGLY, TODAY AS IN 1970 WEI WOULD BE INCLINED
TO FAVOR A BEHIND THE SCENE ROLE FOR US WITH RESPECT TO
MEDIATION WE WOULD LIKE TO SEEI A DISTINGUISHED AND
DISINTERESTED EUROPEAN SERVE AS MEDIATOR. IT WOULD BE
A SIMPLER OPERATION IFI HE DID NOT OPERATE WITHIN A UN
FRAMEWORK, BUT GIVEN GOC ATTACHMENT TO IDEA OF UN
INTERVENTION IFI GOING GETS ROUGH AND VIEW THAT UNDER 1967
RESOLUTION SYG MAY HAVE CONTINUING MANDATE, IT IS RATHER
DIFFICULT TO SEE HOW MEDIATION TODAY COULD BE SUCCESSFULLY
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PAGE 03 NICOSI 01482 02 OF 02 181225Z
LAUNCHED WITHOUT SOME UN CONNECTION. WHAT THIS ADDS UP
TO IS THAT WE OUGHT TO BE PREPARED TO SUPPORT AN IMPARTIAL
NON AMERICAN MEDIATOR OPERATING WITHIN A UN FRAMEWORK, AND
EXCES
WE OUGHT TO GIVE HIM AS MUCH PROTECTION AND AID ALONG LINES
DISCUSSED PARA 6 AS POSSIBLE. ONLY WHEN SITUATION HAS
ENTERED CRISIS STAGE WHEN PARTIES ARE FRIGHTENED
ENOUGH TO UNLATCH FROM POSITIONS RIGIDLY MAINTAINED
TODAY-SHOULD US STEP FORWARD AS IT DID IN 1967 TO PLAY
DIRECT MEDIATORY ROLE.
10. AT AN EARLY OPPORTUNITY IT WOULD BE USEFUL
TO TEST THINKING OF SYG AND GUYER ON MEDIATION
PROSPECTS.
GP - 4
POPPER
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PAGE 01 NICOSI 01275 01 OF 02 221134Z
EXCES EXCES EXCES
18
ACTION SS-45
INFO OCT-01 1046 W
R 220900Z JUL 71
SITUATION 013052 IROOM
WHITE HOUSE WHITE OUSE
JUL 22 AM
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 4959
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
AMEMBASSY LONDON
USMISSION USUN
USMISSION NATO
S E C R E T SECTION 1 OF 2: NICOSIA 1275
EXDIS:
DEPARTMENT PASS USDOCOSOUTH EUCOM
NO FOREIGN DISSEM
FOR SISCO FROM POPPER
SUBJECT: CYPRUS: CONTINGENCY PLANNING FORI A CRISIS.
REF: NICOSIA 1214, ANKARA 4869, ATHENS 3627, STATE 127419
SUMMARY: GIVEN REAL PROSPECT OF A CYPRUS CRISIS: NEXT
FALL 1. OR WINTER, THIS CABLE SUGGESTS THREE POSSIBLE COURSES
OF ACTION TO BE PURSUED BY US, PERHAPS IN CONSECUTIVE ORDER.
FIRST, SEEK TO ASCERTAIN TURKEY'S INTENTIONS MORE PRECISELY
AND REQUEST TURKS CONSULT WITH US: BEFORE USE OF FORCE: SECOND,
REACTIVATE US DIPLOMACY IN EFFORT ALONE OR WITH OTHERS TO
OBTAIN COMPROMISE SOLUTION: THIRD, IF SITUATION DETERIORATES
SHARPLY, CONSIDER NEGOTIATIONS WITH SOVIETS IN UN
FRAMEWORK TO PRESERVE LEAST-COMMON-DEMONIMATOR SOLUTION
OF INDEPENDENCE AND NON-ALIGNMENT FOR CYPRUS, WITH QUASI-
AUTONOMOUS, GUARANTEED STATUS: FOR TURK CYPRIOT COMMUNITY.
END SUMMARY:
2. I WELCOME DEPT'S INQUIRY AND EMBASSIES ANKARA AND
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Jr
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ATHENS ILLUMINATING COMMENTS ON OUR REPORTS OF POSSIBLE
TURKISH MILITARY ACTION TO ESTABLISH ZONE OF UNBROKEN TURK
CYPRIOT TERRITORY IN NORTHEAST AREA OF CYPRUS. WE AGREE
THERE IS NO APPARENT PROSPECT OF SUCH ACTION BEFORE SEPTEMBER
OR MORE LIKELY SOMEWHAT LATER, AND THAT IF ITS OBJECTIVE IS
FEDERAL OR BI-CANTONAL CYPRUS STATE IT WILL BE LESS LIKELY
TO CAUSE SERIOUS INTERNATIONAL COMPLICATIONS THAN IF IT
AIMS TO ESTABLISH PARTITION AND SINGLE TURKISH ONLY) OR
DOUBLE ENOSIS.
3. WHAT SOME TURKS APPEAR FROM OURI EVIDENCE TO HAVE IN
MIND IS A "SURGICAL OPERATION" IN WHICH THE FAIT ACCOMPLI
OF EFFECTIVE CONTROL OF A TURKISH ZONE IS ESTABLISHED SO
QUICKLY THAT THIRD PARTIES AND INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY
CANNOT REACT UNTIL AFTER THE EVENT. MORE OR LESS TACIT
COMPLICITY OF MAINLAND GREEK OFFICERS AND CONTINGENTS IS
CONSIDERED A PROBABLY PLUS. ONCE TURKS/TURK CYPRIOTS
HAVE ESTABLISHED THEIR DEMARCATION LINE, GOT, THE THINKING
GOES, COULD WITH HELP OF ITS FRIENDS WITHSTAND PRESSURES
SOVIETS OR OTHERS MIGHT TRY TO APPLY.
4. WE ARE REMINDED BY THIS LINE OF THOUGHI OF PLANS:
FOR THE PERFECT CRIME -- so OFTEN CONCEIVED IN THEORY, SO
SELDOM ACHIEVED IN PRACTICE. WITHOUT PRETENDING TO ANY
EXPERTISE RE TURKISH MILITARY ORGANIZATION, WE QUESTION
WHETHER TURKS HAVE CAPACITY TO MOVE AS QUICKLY AND CLEANLY
AS THEY PLAN, WHETHER GREEK CYPRIOT OPPOSITION TO TURK
CYPRIOTS INSIDE PROJECTED TURKISH ZONE AND OUT WILLI NOT
RESULT IN SLOW AND MESSY MILITARY ACTIONS, AND WHETHER
MAINLAND GREEK MILITAARY IN CYPRUS AND GREECE WILL
BE ABLE TO STAND ENTIRELY ASIDE AT ACTUAL MOMENT OF COMBAT.
FOR PLANNING PURPOSES
US MIGHT DO BETTER TO ASSUME THAT A TURKISH MOVE IS NOT
100 PER CENT SUCCESSFUL. THEN AS FIGHTING CONTINUES,
GREECE, US, UK, THE USSR UN AND NATO WILL ALL GET INTO
THE ACT IN THEIR VARIOUS WAYS. IN SHORT, WE WILL HAVE
ANOTHER CYPRUS CRISIS ON OUR HANDS%
5. AS ALLI OF US HAVE RECOGNIZED, A CYPRUS CRISIS IN 1971
OR 1972 WOULD BE A MUCH MORE AWKWARD BUSINESS FOR THE US:
THAN IT WAS IN 1963-64 AND 1967. POWER BALANCE HAS
SHIFTED ADVERSELY TO US IN EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN: WE ARE
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED VITHOUT THESTORHORIZA THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
28
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DIPARTMENT
OF
STATE
CHE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
SECRET
PAGE 03 NICOSI 01275 01 OF 02 221134Z
SERIOUSLY PREOCCUPIED WITH LARGER ARAB- ISRAELI PROBLEM:
VIETNAM WEARINESS HAMPERS OUR INITIATIVE: IT SEEMS
ESPECIALLY BAD MOMENT TO CONTEMPLATE A POSSIBLE CONFRONTATION
WITH USSR: NO EFFECTIVE ASSISTANCE IS TO BE EXPECTED FROM
NATO AND UN ACTION IS MORE LIKELY TO HINDER THAN TO HELP
EXCES
US: IN REACHING A SOLUTION.
6. CONCLUSION WE DRAW FROM ALL THIS IS THAT IF TURKS
HAVE IN MIND A "DYNAMIC SOLUTION" BY ARMED FORCE, WE FACE
A DANGER TO US INTERESTS WE SHOULD NOT OVERLOOK. IN
RECENT MONTHS WE HAVE RESPONDED TO THIS POTENTIAL THREAT
BY URGING GREEK AND TURK CYPRIOTS TO CONTINUE INTER-
COMMUNAL TALKS. BUT THIS IS: JUST WHAT TURKISH SIDE IS
NOW SAYING IT WILL NOT DO INDEFINITELY, AND NO ONE HAS
DISCOVERED HOW THE TWO SIDES CAN BE INDUCED TO INVIGORATE
THEI TALKS BY REAL GIVE-AND- TAKE COMPROMISE. IF LIMIT
OURSELVES TO WHAT LOOKS INCREASINGLY LIKE INCANTATION
TO STAY WITH THE TALKS AND ONLY THE TALKS, OUR VOICE
IS LIKELY TO SOUND LESS AND LESS PERSUASIVE.
70 WHAT MORE CAN WE D0? I WOULD LIKE TO SEE USG GIVE
CONSIDERATION TO FOLLOWING THREE COURSES OF ACTION, WHICH
COULD BUT NEED NOT BE FOLLOWED IN CONSECUTIVE ORDER.
8. FIRST, AND MOST URGENT, WE NEED TO KNOW MORE ABOUT
TURKISH INTENTIONS: FOR THE AUTUMN 1971 PERIOD AND BEYOND.
THE GUT QUESTION IS WHETHER TURKEY PLANS TO USE FORCE
TO BRING ABOUT THE DEFINITIVE CYPRUS SOLUTION IT SAYS
IT IS SEEKING. COULD WE NOT TRY TO GET A BETTER INDICATION
OF THE ROAD AHEAD AS THE TURKS SEE IT? AS TURKEY'S
PRINCIPAL SHIELD AGAINST THE USSR, SURELY WE HAVE A RIGHT
TO KNOW WHETHER TURKS ENVISAGE ACTION WOULD COULD INVOLVE US
IN A MAJOR STRATEGIC CONFRONTATION IN THE EASTERN MEDITERRANENA.
WHILE IT IS NOT UNPRECEDENTED, THERE IS: SOMETHING
ILLOGICAL ABOUT OUR BEING PUSHED INTO CONFRONTATION
SITUATIONS BY ALLIES DEPENDENT ON US FOR SUPPORT.
POPPER
NOTE BY OC/T: NOT PASSED USDOCOSOUTH AND ECOM.
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE SAUCTFORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT
OF
STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICAN
TELEGRAM
WH
EXCES EX@-&
SECRET
627
IL.
PAGE 01 NICOSI 01275 021 OF 02 2211472
42
SITUATION R
WHITE
2
ACTION SS-45
INFO OCT-01 1046 W
AM
013146
R 220900Z JUL 71
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 4960
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
AMEMBASSY LONDON
USMISSION USUN
USMISSION NATO
S ELC R ETT SECTION 2 OF 2 NICOSIA 1275
EXDIS
DEPARTMENT PASS USDOCOSOUTH EUCOM
9 . I AM NOT PROPOSING THAT WE REPEAT THE EXPERIENCE
OF 1964 WHEN THROUGH THE "JOHNSON LETTER" AND NAVAL
MOVEMENTS WE DEEPLY ANTAGONIZED THE TURKS BY RESTRAINING
THEM FROM INVADING CYPRUS. WHAT I AM SUGGESTING IS THAT
WE MAKE IT PLAIN THAT WE HAVE A RIGHT TO KNOW AND BE
CONSULTED BEFORE TURKEY ENGAGES IN ANY DANGEROUS ADVENTURE
IN CYPRUS. THE LINE WE SHOULD TAKE IS THAT THE MORE
COMPLETELY WE ARE INFORMED REGARDING TURKISH THINKING
AND PLANNING, THE MORE HELPFUL WE CAN BE IN SEEKING A
NEGOTIATED SOLUTION WHICH WILL STICK.
10. A SECOND COURSE OF ACTION, COMPLEMENTING THE FORE-
GOING, WOULD BE TO USEI THE IMPENDING CRISIS NEXT FALL AS AN
OPPORTUNITY TO REACTIVATE AMERICAN DIPLOMACY WITH RESPECT TO
CYPRUS AND TO MOVE IN MORE STRONGLY THAN WE HAVE IN THE LAST
THREE YEARS TO SEEK A COMPROMISE AGREEMENT. PERHAPS THE
BEST WASY TO DO THIS, FOLLOWING IN THE WAKE OF PAST
PRECEDENTS, IS TO DESIGNATE A RESPECTED AMERICAN OF GREAT
STATURE TO NEGOTIATE WITH THE PARTIES. ALTERNATIVELY, US
COULD SEEK TO MOBILIZE SUPPORT AMONG INTERESTED PARTIES
FOR AN IMPARTIAL EUROPEAN MEDIATOR, AS: WE HAVE PREVIOUSLY
SUGGESTED. STILL ANOTHER INITIATIVE FOR A NEGOTIATED
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
29
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
OF STATE
UNITED
Department of State
AMERICA
TELEGRAM
STATES
OF
EXCES EXPIS
SECRET
PAGE 02 NICOSI 01275 02 OF 02 2211472
SETTLEMENT COULD TAKE THE FORM OF CONVENING AN INFORMAL
ROUND- TABLE CONFERENCE OF INTERESTED PARTIES, SAY IN
NEW YORK IMMEDIATELY AFTER THE OLCAY-PALAMAS TALKS
OF LATE SEPTEMBER. IN SUCH A CONFERENCE REPRESENTATIVES
OF US AND UK COULD LEAN HEAVILY ON REPRESENTATIVES OF
GREECE AND TURKEY, AND OF THE TWO CYPRUS COMMUNITIES,
TO BRING ABOUT AGREEMENT ON A QUASI FEDERAL SYSTEM WITH
APPROPRIATE GUARANTEES FOR THE TURKISH COMMUNITY
WITHIN AN INDEPENDENT CYPRUS STATE.
11. SHOULD THESE STEPS PROVE UNPRODUCTIVE AND THE
SITUATION DETERIORATE FURTHER'S WE WOULD HAVE TO DECIDE
WHETHER TO GO IT ALONED ESSENTIALLY AS WE DID IN THE PAST,
OR TO MINIMIZE THE RISKS TO OURSELVES BY ENGAGING OTHERS.
IF WE PREFER THE LATTER, A THIRD COURSE OF ACTION FOLLOWS
QUITE LOGICALLY, THEORETICALTHOUGH IT MAY BE TO SUGGEST IT.
THIS IS TO CONSIDER CAREFULLY THE BENEFITS OF SEEKING TO
CONCERT WITH THE SOVIETS WITH A VIEW TO DETERMINING A
COMMON POLICY LINE THAT WOULD BE MINIMALLY ACCEPTABLE TO
BOTH THE US AND THE USSR. THE OBJECTIVE OF SUCH A MOVE
COULD BE TO BUILD UPON THE COMMUNITY OF INTEREST BOTH
SUPER-POWERS SHOULD HAVE, AT LEAST IN THE SHORTER TERM,
OF MAINTAINING AN INDEPENDENT, NON-ALIGNED CYPRUS STATE.
THIS IS A SOLUTION WHICH FROM THE SOVIET STANDPOINT,
WOULD AVOID EXTENDING NATO POWER IN THE FAR EASTERN
MEDITERRANEAN THROUGH DOUBLE ENOSIS, AND FROM THE WESTERN
STANDPOINT, WOULD HELP FEND OFF THE GROWING SOVIET AND
INTERNAL COMMUNIST THRUST FOR CONTROL OF THE ISLAND.
FOR BOTH SIDES THE PRESERVATION OF AN INDEPENDENT
CYPRUS MIGHT BE MUCH MORE ATTRACTIVE THAN THE RISKS
EACH WOULD RUN IFI CYPRUS SHOULD TOUCH OFF A FULL-SCALE SCALE
SOVIET-AMERICAN CONTROVERSY.
12. SINCE MAKARIOS WILL IN ANY CASE RESORT TO THE UN
FOR SUPPORT IF HEI IS PLACED UNDER EXTREME PRESSURE, THE
UN SECURITY COUNCIL MIGHT BE THE BEST VEHICLE FOR WORKING
WITH THE SOVIETS* AS IT HAS BEEN IN THE ARAB- ISRAELI
CONTEXT. THE RATIONALE UNDERLYING UNSC ACTION WOULD BE THAT,
VARIOUS PEACEFUL METHODS OF COPING WITH THE CYPRUS PROBLEM
UNDER CHARTER ARTICLE 33 HAVING FAILED, IT BECAME INCUMBENT
UPON THE MAJOR POWERS, ACTING IN ACCORDANCE WITH THEIR
CHARTER RESPONSIBILITIES, TO TAKE APPROPRIATE STEPS TO
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon 29 Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT
OF
STATE
THE
Department of State
STATES AMERICA UNITED
TELEGRAM
OF
EXCES EXCES
SECRET
PAGE 03 NICOSI 01275 02 OF 02 221147Z
PRESERVE PEACE AND STABILITY IN THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN.
13. WE RECOGNIZE THE STRAIN THAT ANY SUCH SOVIET AMERICAN
COLLABORATION WOULD CAUSE IN OUR RELATIONS WITH TURKEY AND
GREECE I AM CERTAINLY NOT SUGGESTING THAT WE
ANTAGONIZE TWO FAITHFUL ALLIES BY MOVING PRECIPITATELY
IN THIS DIRECTION. IT MIGHT BE HELPFUL IN CASE OF AN
APPROACHING CRUNCH SIMPLY TO CONVEY TO THE TURKS THE
SENSE THAT WE HAVE LARGER INTERESTS WHICH MIGHT BE
IMPERILLED BY THEIR EMBARKING ONI A UNILATERAL ACTION
WITHOUT PRIOR CONSULTATION WITH US. SHOULD THE
TURKS PERSIST I THINK SUCH FRANKNESS WOULD BE
PREFERABLE TO ALLOWING OURSELVES: TO BE PULLED INTO
AN ADVERSARY TYPE CRISIS WITH THE USSR OVER CYPRUS.
14. I RECOGNIZE THAT ALL OF THESE PROPOSALS ARE MORE
OR LESS CONTROVERSIAL, THAT THEY INVOLVE RISKS AND
COSTS TO US, AND THAT NONE OF THEM MAY IN THE END BE
SUCCESSFUL IN PREVENTING FAIRLY LARGE SCALE VIOLENCE.
NEVERTHELESS, I FEEL STRONGLY THAT EVEN THE PROCEDURES
THEMSELVES CAN HAVE AN INHIBITING EFFECT, AND THAT IN THE
LONG RUN THEY WOULD ENHANCE OUR ABILITY TO PREVENT THE
CYPRUS PROBLEM FROM TRIGGERING OFF CONSEQUENCES FAR
LARGER THAN THE PROBLEM WARRANTS:
15. WOULD APPRECIATE ADDRESSEES REACTIONS. GP-3.
POPPER
NOTE BY OC/T: NICOSIA 1275 NOT PASSED USDOCOSOUTH EUCOM.
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential 29 Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DIPARTMENT OF STATE
WH
N
Department of State
OF STATES MAKE AMERICA UNITED
TELEGRAM
EXESS EXCES EXCES
SECRET 061
PAGE 01 NICOSI 01232 160746Z
2
12
ACTION SS-45
INFO OCT-01 /046 W
098179
R 160650Z JUL 71
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 4933
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
AMEMBASSY LONDON
USMISSION USUN
ZEN USNATO POUCHI
SECRE T NICOSIA 1232
EXDIS
NOFORN
SUBJECT: CYPRUS: TURK CONTINGENT COMMANDER ON MI ITARY
INTERVENTION AND PARTITION.
JOINT EMBASSY/DATT MESSAGE
REF: NICOSIA 1214
1. SUMMARY: COMMANDER TURKI CONTINGENT CLAIMED SOLUTION TO CYPRUS
PROBLEM "SIMPLE" AND SAID CONTINGENCY PLANS WOULD BELPUT INTO
EFFECT IF STALEMATE INTERCOMMUNAL TALKS CONTINUED. HE IMPLIED
TIME LIMIT EXISTS AND SOLUTIONI WOULD BE FOUND WITHINI NEXT
EIGHT MONTHS. END SUMMARY.
2. COL. DOGU COMMANDER OF AUTHORIZED MAINLAND TURKISH
CONTINGENT IN CYPRUS, TOOK EXTREMELY HARD LINE WITH
WITH EMB OFF JULY 14 ON LACK OF PROGRESS IN INTERCOMMUNIALI
TALKS AND SAID MILITARY CONTINGENCY PLANS WOULD BEI PUT INTO EFFECT
IF STALEMATE CONTINUED. HE CLAIMEDI TURKS COULD IMPOSE MILITARY
SOLUTION TO CYPRUS PROBLEM WITH MINIMUM DIFFICULTY AT MOST
OPERATION WOULD BE COMPLETED WITHIN THREE DAYS.
3. HE IMPLIED DISAGREEMENT EXISTS BETWEEN TURKISH
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT
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STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
SECRET
PAGE 02 NICOSI 01232 1607462
EXPIS EXPIS
MILITARY AND CIVILIAN LEADERS OVER ANALYSIS CURRENT
SITUATION. MILITARY FEELS MAKARIOS' EFFORT TO ENLISHI
SOVIET SUPPORT VERY DANGEROUS FOR TURKEY'S STRATEGIC
POSITION. HE SAID "MAKARIOS IS: TRYING TO TURN CYPRUSS
INTO A MEDITERRANEAN CUBA. WE WILLI NOT LET THIS
HAPPEN." DOGU SAID HE DIDN'T CARE WHAT CIVILIAN
POLITICIANS SAID, THERE IS: DEADLINE ONI INTERCOMMUNALI
TALKS. TURKS CERTAINLY WILLI NOT ALLOW NEGOTIATIONS TO
DRAG ON FOR ANOTHER THREE YEARS. STATED HEI EXPECTED
FINAL SOLUTIONI TO BE REACHED, ONE WAY OR ANOTHER,
DURING HIS TOUR OF DUTY (I.E. NEXT EIGHT MONTHS). CRUNCHI
WOULD PROBABLY COME AFTER OLCAY-PALAMAS SEPTEMBER
MEETING IN NEW YORK.
4. EMBOFF TOLDI DOGU THAT, WHILE NO ONEI DOUBTED
TURKISH STRENGTH, ANY DYNAMIC SOLUTIONI WOULDI CAUSEI
GRAVE DIFFICULTIES FOR TURKEY'S FRIENDS, COULD MISFIRE,
AND WOULD CERTAINLY RESULT IN DEATH OFI MANY TURKISH
CYPRIOTS. HE BRUSHED ASIDE FIRST TWO OBJECTIONS AND
COMMENTED THAT, IN ANY NATIONALI STRUGGLE, THERE HAD TO
BE SOME SACRIFICES.
5. COLONEL DOGU'S REMARKS IN NICOSIA BEAR STRIKING
SIMILARITY TO TURKISH GENERAL STAFF VIEWS EXPRESSED
BY BRIGADIERI SOLE, BRITISH DATT IN ANKARA, AT LAST
WEEK'S CONFERENCE OF CANADIAN, US, UK MILITARY
UROQCHES IN LONDON SOLE STATED THAT TGS IS PREPAREDI
TO ACCEPT HIGHI CASUALTIES AMONG TURKI CYPRIOT COMMUNITY
TO PROTECT TURKISH STRATEGIC INTEREST IN CYPRUS, I.E. TO
PREVENT ISLAND FALLING INTO "UNFRIENDLY HANDS". HE ALSOI
POINTED OUT THAT TURKISH MILITARY MAY FEELI ITSELF FORCED
TO ACT AS A MATTER OF NATIONALI PRIDE IF ACCEPTABLE
ALTERNATIVE CANNOT SOON BE FOUND.
6. COMMENT: WEI HAVE ALWAYS ASSUMEDI THAT TURKISH
MILITARY TOOK A HARDER LINE REI CYPRUS THANK TURKISHI
CIVIPHIAN OFFICIALS. BUT AT THIS PARTICULAR JUNCTUREL WHEN
SOME OF OUR TURKISH EMBASSY CONTACTS HAVE A SIMILAR
ZGO-GO" ATTITUDE, WE MUST FACEI UP TO POSSIBILITY THAT
THIS MAY BE MORE THAN JUST WARI OF NERVES TALK. RE
ANKARA 4869 JUST RECEIVED, WE AGREE THERE LITTLE
LIKELIHOOD ANY BIG GOT PUSH BEFOREI ENDI OF SEPTEMBER.
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
STATES AMERICA UNITED STATE OF DEPUSTMENT
MOITASIROHTUA BHT TUOHTIW
THE EXECUTIVE SECKELVKA
Department of State
TELEGRAM
OF
SECRET
PAGE 03 NICOSI 01232 160746Z
WHAT WE FEAR IS WHAT MIGHT HAPPEN THEREAFTER. GP-31
POPPER
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Samples
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
EXCES EXATE
SECRET
523
PAGE 01 NICOSI 02212 010911Z
2
22
ACTION SS-45
INFO OCT-01 /046 W
041463
P 301100Z DEC 70
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 4319
SECR ET NICOSIA 2212
EXDIS
SUBJECT: JARRING TALKS
REF: STATE 209988 (BEIRUT 109321
1. I HAD NOT INTENDED TO MAKE FURTHER COMMENT ON NICOSIA
AS POSSIBLE SITE FOR NEW JARRING TALKS, BUT IN VIEW AMB
BUFFUM'S EXCELLENT MESSAGE VERY PROPERLY POSING QUESTION OF
LOCAL SECURITY FOR SUCH TALKS IN CYPRUS, FOLLOWING MAY BE OF
INTEREST.
2. HAVE CONFERRED WITH OFFICERS ON MY STAFF WHO WORK ON
SECURITY PROBLEMS AND DEAL WITH POLICE AND SECURITY SERVICES
HERE. THEIR JUDGMENT, IN WHICH I CONCUR, IS THAT WHILE THERE
CAN BE NO GUARANTEE THAT INCIDENTS: WILL NOT OCCUR, SECURITY
SITUATION WOULD ON BALANCE BE AS GOOD IN NICOSIA AS IN
NEW YORK FOR FOLLOWING REASONS:
A . UNDETECTED ENTRY INTO CYPRUS OF TERRORISTS
WOULD NOT BE TOO EASY. ONLY AIRPORT IS AT NICOSIA.
STRINGENT AIRPORT CONTROLS INSTITUTED TO COMBAT 1970
HIJACKING DANGER HAVE BEEN FULLY MAINTAINED. EVERY
SUSPECTED ARAB ARRIVING HERE IS NOW KEPT UNDER SURVEILLANCE
BY POLICE. WHILE CLANDESTINE ACTIVITIES ARE ENDEMIC HERE,
CONCEALMENT AND COVERT OPERATIONS ARE PROBABLY MORE
DIFFICULT FOR NON-CYPRIOTS ON THIS SMALL ISLAND THAN IN
NEW YORK CITY. LANGUAGE, NON-FAMILIARITY WITH ENVIRONMENT
AND RELATIVELY HIGH VISIBILITY WOULD HAOHER THEM. ARABS
BEARING FORGED OR STOLEN PASSPORTS OF OTHER COUNTRIES MIGHT
OF COURSE ESCAPE INITIAL DETECTION.
SECRET
5
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
EXCES
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
SECRET
PAGE 02 NICOSI 02212 010911Z
B. ONLY OTHER METHODS OF ENTRY WOULD BE CLANDESTINE
LANDING BY BOAT OR NOCTURNIT AIR DROP. BOTH WOULD BE
DIFFICULT TO CARRY OUT SUCCESSFULLY AND COMMANDOS ON ARRIVAL
WOULD HAVE NO READY BASE FROM WHICH TO CONTINUE OPERATIONS.
C. SINCE GOC PRESTIGE WOULD BE COMMITTED TO MAINTENANCE
OF SECURITY DURING TALKS, IT WOULD PROVIDE HEAVY OVERT AND
COVERT POLICE PROTECTION. EMBASSY SECURITY OFFICER CONSIDERS
SUCH POLICE ACTIVITY HERE REASONABLY EFFICIENT.
D. WE DO NOT KNOW WHAT SECURITY MEASURES UN WOULD
TAKE, BUT UNFICYP APPARATUS WOULD PRESUMABLY ASSIST. FYI
ONLY. WE UNDERSTAND UNFICYP HAS BEEN ASKED BY UN TO START
CONTINGENCY PLANNING FOR POSSIBLE TALKS. END FYI.
E. WE THINK IT HIGHLY DOUBTFUL COMMANDOS
COULD PICK UP MUCH SUPPORT FROM CYPRIOTS. THEY MIGHT
TRY TO UTILIZE RIGHT-WING EXTREMISTS OPPOSING MAKARIOS,
BUT OUR ESTIMATE IS LATTER WOULD BE COLD TO WHAT THEY
WOULD REGARD AS DIVERSIONARY MANEUVER.
F . OUTBREAK OF VIOLENCE AMONG CYPRIOTS THEMSELVES
IS ALWAYS A POSSIBILITY AND THIS MIGHT HAMPER
TALKS THOUGH IT WOULD NOT AFFECT PERSONAL SAFETY OF THE
NEGOTIATORS. IN OUR OPINION, BASED ON ALL COUNTRY TEAM
EVIDENCE, NEITHER TURKISH CYPRIOTS NOR RIGHT-WING
EXTREMISTS ARE PLANNING VIOLENT ACTIONS IN SHORT OR
MEDIUM TERM.
3 . CONCLUSION HERE IS THAT SECURITY PROBLEM EXISTS IN
CYPRUS AS ELSEWHERE, BUT DOES NOT SEEM TO US TO BE GREATER
THAN IN NEW YORK. IF THIS IS ACCEPTED, DEPT MAY WISH TO
MAKE ITS DECISION MAINLY ON BASIS OF OTHER FACTORS SUCH AS
THOSE MENTIONED BY AMB BUFFUM, JARRING AND OTHERS, PRO AND
CON. I AGREE THAT ARGUMENT CAN BE MADE BOTH WAYS AND THAT
IT WOULD NOT BE WISE TO MAKE SITE QUESTION A MAJOR ISSUE.
4. DEPT PLEASE REPEAT AS DESIRED. GP - 1 *
POPPER
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NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
LS1/20/ebs
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Curoee
*
UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA *
Department of State
TELEGRAM
CONFIDENTIAL 513
PAGE 01 NICOSI 02001 131501Z
51
ACTION NEA-15
INFO OCT-01 ARA-12 EUR-20 SS-20 NSC-10 CIAE-00 INR-08
NSAE-00 RSC-01 E-15 L-04 AID-28 RSR-01 /135 W
002486
R 131450Z NOV 70
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 4197
CONFIDENTI A L NICOSIA 2001
SUBU: CYPRUS: FOLLOW-UP ON MAKARIOS' CALL ON PRESIDENT
I EXPECT TO BE SEEING MAKARIOS SOME TIME NEXT WEEK. ASIDE
FROM CUBAN SHIPPING PROBLEM WHICH I WILL RAISE PURSUANT
STATE 177175, IS THERE ANYTHING ON WHICH WHITE HOUSE OR
DEPT WOULD WISH HAVE ME FOLLOW UP MAKARIOS MEETING WITH
PRESIDENT NIXON AND WASHINGTON VISIT IN GENERAL?
GP - 4
POPPER
CONFIDENTIAL
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICAN
TELEGRAM
CONFIDENTIAL 239
PAGE 01 NICOSI 01856 151539Z
50
ACTION SS-45
INFO OCT-01 SSO-00 NSCE-00 CCO-00 1046 W
EXCES
0 151510Z OCT 70
WOO 082565 STURATON
SITUATIONSEM HOUSE
81:2 Wd 100 OL.
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 4131
CONFIDENTIALNICOSIA 1856
SUBJECT: HIGH LEVEL ATTENDANCE AT 25TH UNGA
EXDIS
1 . FONMIN KYPRIANOU HAS JUST ASKED ME URGENTLY TO REQUEST
THAT USG AGREE MAKARIOS CAN MENTION FORTHCOMING MEETING WITH
PRESIDENT, WITHOUT REFERENCE TO DATE OR PLACE, IN PRESS COMMUNIQUE
GOC PLANS ISSUE OCT 16. COMMUNIQUE WOULD INCLUDE REFERENCE
TO MAKARIOS MEETINGS WITH U THANT, AND WITH CERTAIN HEADS
OF GOVERNMENT ALSO VISITING UNGA.
2. PURPOSE IS TO FORESTALL AWKWARD QUESTIONS CORRESPONDENTS
MIGHT OTHERWISE ASK ARCHBISHOP AS HE LEAVES FOR US OCT 17.
3. REPLY REQUESTED 9AM LOCAL OCTOBER 16.
POPPER
NOTE: EXDIS ADDED PER SSO - MR. WILLIAMSON 10/15/70.
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
CONFIDENTIAL
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
SAUN
CONFIDENTIAL
RECEIVED
WHCA
1970 MAR 8 13 25Z
CONFIDENTIAL
HCE935
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00301 081315Z
51
ACTION NEA-15
INFO OCT-01 CCO-00 SSO-00 NSCE-00 USIE-00 CPR-02 PM-05
NSC-10 P-03 RSC-01 SS-20 PRS-01 RSR-01 /059 W
105420
0 081255Z MAR 70
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 3277
CONFIDENTIAL NICOSIA 301
FOR DAVIS, NEA/CYP
SUBJ: CYPRUS: ATTEMPTED ASSASSINATION OF MAKARIOS
REF: NICOSIA 299, 300
WE RECOMMEND EARLIEST TRANSMITTAL THROUGH EMBASSY OF APP-
ROPRIATE PRESIDENTIAL MESSAGE TO ARCHBISHOP, RE MAR 8
ASSASSINATION ATTEMPT.
POPPER
Colled Sandas he deaf said to at was e
CONFIDENTIAL
w/stale will
0810- is call how S
and 5 on State
in 845 ONFIDENTIAL Dealt poss
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1969-360-575
DIPARTMENT OF STATE
CONFIDENTIAL
Classification
UNITED STATES OF THE AMERICA
Department of State
INDICATE:
TELEGRAM
COLLECT
CHARGE TO
DISTRIBUTION
ACTION:
AmEnbassy NICOSIA
Immediate
INFO:
AmPribassy ANKARA
Priority
AmEmbassy ATHENS
11
AmEmbassy LONDON
"
USUN New York
11
US Mission NATO
11
STATE
SUBJECT: Attempted Assassination of President Makarios
REF:
Nicosia 301
FOR AMBASSADOR
1. Please convey to President Makarios following message from
President Nixon. QUOTE Your Beatitude: I was appaied to Learn
of the shocking attempt on your life. I am gratified, howover,
that you have escaped unharmed to continue your leadership at
this important time in your country's history. Such acts as
this attempt on your life must be condemned by all. Please
accept my most sincere best wishes for your continued safety
and good health. UNQUOTE
2. At your discretion you may release text of President Nixon's
message W Iveal proor SSS Tenantment does not plan formal
TO LOCAL PRESS. F41 DEPARTMENT
DRAFTED BY:
WH
DRAFTING DATE
TEL EXT.
NEA/CYP:KTbrp/TyDavis:sen
3/8/70
20279
APPROVED NEA/CYP: BY: T. F. Davis T1
CLEARANCES
NEA/P:Wharris (sub) WH
NEA: RDavies (sub) RD
S/S-O:RRich
NSC: HSaunders
USIA: ACarter (sub) AC
Reproduced at the Richard NixonF sidentiald
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 brary and has been determined to be declassified.
U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFIC
69-300-575
DIPARTMENT STATES the OF AMOUNT STATE
CONFIDENTIAL
Classification
Department of State
INDICATE:
OF
TELEGRAM
COLLECT
CHARGE TO
PAGE 2
DISTRIBUTION
ACTION: AmEmbassy NICOSIA
release of President's message, although spokesman may draw upon
contents if subject raised at regular noon briefing. END FYI
BUR
And
REMLERAY:
DRAFTING DATE
TEL. EXT.
APPROVED BY:
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
LDX CHANNEL MESSAGE COVER ORM
MSG. NO.
1. TRANSMITTED BY:
2. TO:
WH
271
DATE & TIME:
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
'70 MAR 8 PM 1:32
1970 MAR 8 PM Wi32
WHITE HOUSE
3. ORIGINATOR:
NEA
4. RECEIVED BY: SITUATION ROOM
DATE & TIME:
5. DESCRIPTION: DraftCable to Nicosia in Presidential Message to Makario
6. CLASSIFICATION & CONTROLS: CONFIDENTIAL
7. NO. OF PGS: 2 8. PRECEDENCE IMMEDIATE 9. VALIDATED BY: s/s-o Ric
10 DELIVER TO:
P
FOR: CLEARANCE XXX
Mr. Saunders
INFORMATION
PER REQUEST
Revised: 9 Jan. 197
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DÉCLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
ECEIVED
WHCA
1970 MAR 8 09 54Z
CONFIDENTIAL
CONFIDENTIAL
HCE928
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00300 080941Z
22
ACTION NEA-15
INFO OCT-01 IO-13 EUR-20 SSO-00 NSCE-00 USIE-00 CCO-00
CIAE-00 DODE-00 PM-05 H-02 INR-07 L-04 NSAE-00 NSC-10
P-03 RSC-01 PRS-01 SS-20 SY-03 RSR-01 /106 W
105039
O P 080855Z MAR 70
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 0000
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
USMISSION NATO
USUN NEW YORK 1427
CONFIDENTIALNICOSIA 300
REF: NICOSIA 299
SUBJECT: CYPRUS: ASSASSINATION ATTEMPT ON ARCHBISHOP
MAKARIOS
1. RE ATTEMPT ON MAKARIOS LIFE THIS MORNING, CYPRUS BROAD-
CAST COMPANY (CBC) REPORTS POLICE FOUND SUBMACHINE GUN
AND "OTHER WEAPONS" ON ROOF OF LIBRARY OF PAN CYPRIAN
GYNMASIUM ACROSS FROM ARCHBISHOPRIC. STILL NO ARRESTS
ANNOUNCED.
2. CBC ALSO ANNOUNCED GOC HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES WILL
HOLD EXTRAORDINARY SESSION AT 1600 HRS TODAY (MAR 8).
SESSION WILL PRESUMABLY CONDEM ATTACK AND EXPRESS SUPPORT
FOR PRESIDENT. MAKARIOS SCHEDULED TO DRIVE FROM MAKHERAS TO
LIMASSOL TO REVIEW CARNIVAL PARADE THIS AFTERNOON. THERE
NO INDICATIONS YET HE PLANS CHANGE HIS SCHEDULE. I WILL
ATTEND.
3. LIASON WITH GOC POLICE INDICATES THEY DISMISSING
POSSIBILITY ATTACK ON ARCHBISHOP HAS ANY INTERCOMMUNAL
DIMENSION GP-4
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
RECEIVED
WHCA
1970 MAR 8 08 21Z
UNCLASSIFIED
HCE926
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00299 080814Z
10
ACTION NEA-15
INFO OCT-01 CIAE-00 DODE-00 NSAE-00 NSCE-00 SSO-ØØ USIE-00
CCO-00 PM-05 H-02 INR-07 L-04 NSC-10 P-03 RSC-01
PRS-01 SS-20 IO-13 SY-03 EUR-20 RSR-01 /106 W
104902
0 P 080755Z MAR 70
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 3275
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
USMISSION NATO
USUN NEW YORK 1425
UNCLAS NICOSIA 299
SUBJECT: CYPRUS: ASSASSINATION ATTEMPT ON MAKARIOS
1. ARCHBISHOP MAKARIOS' HELICOPTER WAS FIRED UPON BY
UNKNOWN ASSAILANTS AT 7:10 MARCH 8 AS IT LIFTED HIM FROM
ARCBHISHOPRIC IN NICOSIA EN ROUTE TO MAKHERAS MONASTERY.
ARCHBISHOP NOT HURT, BUT PILOT WAS WOUNDED AND HELICOPTER
DAMAGED.
2. ASSAILANTS APPARENTLY FIRED ON HELICOPTER FROM ROOF
OF PAN CYPRIAN GYNMASIUM OPPOSITE ARCHBISHOPRIC. POLICE
RETURNED FIRE, BUT NO ARRESTS HAVE BEEN REPORTED.
3. ARCHBISHOP PROCEEDED TO MAKHERAS BY CAR. BEGAN
CONDUCTING SERVICE THERE AT 9:30.
POPPER
UNCLASSIFIED
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICAN
TELEGRAM
SECRET 138
PAGE 01 STATE 046974
EXPIS EXPIS EXPIS
18
ORIGIN SS-25
INFO OCT-01 /026 R
66663
DRAFTED BY:NEA/CYP:RALONG
APPROVED BY:NEA:JOSEPH J. SISCO
NEA/CYP - TDBOYATT
S/S-O - MR. C. MAGEE
092650
R 180243Z MAR 72
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
AMEMBASSY LONDON
USMISSION NATO
USMISSION USUN NEW YORK
SECRE T STATE 046974
EXDIS
SUBJECT: CYPRUS: SISCO-ROSSIDES DISCUSSION MARCH 16
1. CYPRIOT AMB ROSSIDES CALLED ON ASST SECY SISCO
MAR 16 FOR DISCUSSION OF US POLICY TOWARD CYPRUS IN LIGHT
OF CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS. SISCO BEGAN BY SAYING THAT
USG HAD OBVIOUSLY BEEN DEEPLY CONCERNED WHEN WE HEARD OF
THE GREEK NOTE TO GOC BECAUSE OF OUR BELIEF IT WOULD PRO-
DUCE NEW DIFFICULTIES. SISCO STATED, HOWEVER, THAT HE
COULD NOT REMEMBER A COMPARABLE PERIOD WHEN WE HAVE MORE
STUDIOUSLY AND CAREFULLY AVOIDED INVOLVEMENT IN THE CYPRUS
PROBLEM. THIS IS BECAUSE WE HAVE SEEN CURRENT SITUATION
AS BASICALLY AN ARGUMENT WITHIN THE GOG-GOC SPECIAL RELA-
TIONSHIP WHICH COULD BEST BE RESOLVED BY TWO PARTIES
THEMSELVES. IN ORDER TO AVOID ANY ACCUSATIONS OF BIAS,
THEN, WE HAVE MADE A CONSCIOUS DECISION THAT OUR
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE SECRET AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
24
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
EXPIN
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
SECRET
PAGE 02 STATE 046974
AMBASSADORS IN GREECE, TURKEY AND CYPRUS SHOULD NOT BE
OVERLY ACTIVE. OUR CONCERN HAS BEEN THAT TOO MUCH
ACTIVITY WOULD LEAD US TO APPEAR INVOLVED AND THEN PROMPT
ONE PARTY OR ANOTHER TO REQUEST OUR ASSISTANCE IN THEIR
DIFFICULTIES WITH ANOTHER PARTY. OUR RELATIONS WITH
PARTIES ARE TOO GOOD TO PERMIT SUCH INVOLVEMENT AS THIS
INVOLVEMENT WOULD NECESSARILY BREED MISUNDERSTANDING OF
OUR POSITION.
2. WHEN ROSSIDES ASKED IF AMB POPPER HAD SEEN MAKARIOS
(HE SEEMED GENUINELY NOT TO KNOW ONE WAY OR THE OTHER),
SISCO SAID NO BUT THAT AMB POPPER IS AVAILABLE IF
MAKARIOS WISHES TO SEE HIM. THE POINT IS, SISCO SAID,
THAT WE WANT NEITHER THE FACT THAT POPPER HAS NOT TAKEN
INITIATIVE TO SEE MAKARIOS NOR THE FACT THAT HE does GO
TO SEE HIM IN THE FUTURE TO CREATE ANY MISUNDERSTANDINGS
ABOUT OUR ROLE: WE DO NOT WISH TO BECOME INVOLVED AND
WANT PARTIES TO RESOLVE DIFFERENCES peacefully.
3. SISCO THEN CHARACTERIZED SITUATION AS SOMEWHAT MORE
ENCOURAGING NOW, BECAUSE AT LEAST SOME DIFFERENCES BE-
TWEEN GREECE AND CYPRUS ARE BEING WORKED OUT THROUGH
DIPLOMACY. HE CITED THE REPORTED ARMS AGREEMENT (AND
GAVE ROSSIDES RUNDOWN GIVEN TO AMB ESENBEL IN STATE 450241
AND THE FACT THAT THE GOC CAREFULLY STUDIED THE FEB 11
NOTE AND REPLIED TO IT IN DIPLOMATIC CHANNELS AS INDICA-
TIONS OF THIS ENCOURAGING ASPECT. WITHOUT UNDERESTIMATING
REMAINING DIFFICULTIES, SISCO REITERATED HIS HOPE THAT
DIFFERENCES CAN BE PEACEFULLY RESOLVED.
4. WHEN QUERIED BY ROSSIDES AS TO TURKEY'S ROLE IN
CURRENT SITUATION, SISCO REPLIED THAT HIS IMPRESSION IS
THAT THE GOT HAS BEEN ON SIDELINES. ALTHOUGH TURKS MADE
EXQIC
DEMARCHE TO UNSYG ON CZECH ARMS, THEY SEEMED TO VIEW REST
OF GREEK NOTE AS PROBLEM BETWEEN GREECE AND CYPRUS.
5. ROSSIDES LEFT SEEMINGLY QUITE SATISFIED WITH ABOVE
LINE: HE IS OBVIOUSLY NOT BEING KEPT INFORMED BY HIS
GOVT. GP-3. ROGERS
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
981/20/ebs
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
*
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
SECRET 010
EXPIS EXPIS EXQIC
PAGE 01 STATE 030413
81
ORIGIN SS-25
INFO OCT-01 /026 R
66633
DRAFTED BY:NEA/CYP#TDBOYATT
APPROVED BY:NEA:RPDAVIES
S/S-O:SEFRY
027567
R 230243Z FEB 72
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
AMEMBASSY LONDON
USMISSION NATO
USMISSION USUN NEW YORK
SE CRET STATE 030413
EXDIS
SUBJ: CYPRUS: DISCUSSIONS ON CZECH ARMS
REF: NICOSIA 394
IN PARA 2 OF REFTEL, EMBASSY REPORTS GOC'S UNVARYING
POSITION THAT REMOVAL OF GRIVAS IS TRADE-OFF -
FOR SEQUESTERING OF CZECH ARMS. HAS GOC COMMUNICATED
THIS POSITION EITHER FORMALLY OR INFORMALLY TO OSORIO?
GP-3. IRWIN
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
OF STATE
#
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
SECRET 230
RAGE 01 STATE 025489
42
ORIGIN SS-25
INFO OCT-01 01 sso-øø CCO-ØØ NSCE-00 1026 R
66603
DRAFTED BY: TEXT RECD FROM WHITE HOUSE
APPROVED BY: THE UNDER SECRETARY
SITUATION ROOM
WHITE HOUSE
NEA - MR SISCO (SUBSTANCE)
72 FEB 15 AM 1 7:43 43
S/S - MR CURRAN
101417
Z 141818Z FEB 72 ZFF6
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA FLASH
INFO AMEMBASSY ATHENS FLASH
AMEMBASSY ANKARA FLASH
USMISSION USUN NEW YORK FLASH
S E C R E T STATE 025489
EXDIS
FOR AMBASSADOR FROM SECRETARY
REF: NICOSIA 322
1 * PLEASE INFORM CLERIDES THAT WE HAVE NO INFORMATION
THAT GOG IS MOVING TONIGHT. YOU MAY ALSO INFORM HIM
THAT WE WOULD BE GLAD TO HAVE ANY INFORMATION HE MIGHT
HAVE ON THE SUBJECT. ROGERS
EXPIS
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF AKODUCED
WH
*
&
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
SECRET 294
PAGE 01 STATE 025299
2
47
ORIGIN SS-25
INFO OCT-01 SSO-00 CCO-ØØ FILE-01 /027 R
66603
DRAFTED BY: NEA:JJSISCO
APPROVED BY: NEA - JOSEPH J SISCO
S/S - MR CURRAN
S/PRS:CBRAY
093411
0 1219282 FEB 72 ZFF4
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY ATHENS IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY ANKARA IMMEDIATE
USMISSION USUN NEW YORK IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY LONDON IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY MOSCOW IMMEDIATE
WHITE HOUSE IMMEDIATE
SECRE T STATE Ø25299
EXDIS TOSEC 22
PLEASE PASS SECRETARY ROGERS AT KEY BISCAYNE
IN LIGHT OF FACT THAT STORY RE CYPRUS DEVELOPMENTS IS
BEGINNING TO BREAK, WE ARE BEGINNING TO GET INQUIRIES. WE INTEND
TO MAKE EVERY EFFORT TO HOLD ON THE FOLLOWING LINE OVER
THE WEEKEND: QUOTE WE ARE FOLLOWING DEVELOPMENTS CLOSELY
UNQUOTE . POSTS SHOULD BE GUIDED BY THE ABOVE. GP-3. IRWIN
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
SECRET 869
PAGE 01 STATE 025248
EXPIC EXPIS EXPIS
19
ORIGIN SS-25
INFO OCT-Ø1 /026 R
66664
DRAFTMED BY NEA/INC:ACEQUAINTON
APPROVED BY: NEA - JOSEPH J. SISCO
'72 FEB 12 AM 8:39
NEA/CYP B ROGER LONG
S/S- CH THOMAS
090710
R 120308Z FEB 72
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NIEOSIA
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
AMEMBASSY LONDON
USMISSION USUN NY
SECRET STATE 025248
EXDIS
CORRECTED COPY (CORRECTION BEGINS WITH PARA 2 THRU
PARA 41
SUBJ: CYPRUS CRISIS
1 ° ASSISTANT SECRETARY SISCO BRIEFED BRITISH CHARGE TEBBIT
FEBRUARY 11 ON RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN CYPRUS. SISCO NOTED THAT
GREEK GOVERNMENT HAD DELIVERED DEMARCHE TO MAKARIOS DEMANDING
HE TURN OVER TO UN CZECH ARMS AND ESTABLISH GOVERNMENT OF
NATIONAL UNITY WHICH TAKES INTO ACCOUNT ALL POLITICAL ELEMENTS.
REACTION OF MAKARIOS HAD BEEN ONE OF STONEY SILENCE. WE HAVE
INDICATED TO GREEKS OUR CONCERN OVER COURSE THEY HAVE EMBARKED
UPON AS DANGEROUS AND TRIED UNSUCCESSFULLY TO DELAY PRESENTATION
OF NOTE TO ALLOW FOR CONSULTATIONS WITH US.
2. QUESTION, SISCO SAID, WAS WHERE DO WE GO FROM HERE: WE ARE
CONCERNED THAT WE ARE AT BEGINNING OF FIRST-CLASS CRISIS.
WE EXPECT CYPRUS TO MOVE TO UN AND ATTEMPT TO MOBILIZE WORLD
OPINION AND OBTAIN POLITICAL SUPPORT OF BOTH SOVIETS AND CHINESE.
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
#
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
SECRET
PAGE 02 STATE 025248
EXPIS EXPIS
AT UN BRITISH, FRENCH AND US WILL BE UNDER CONSIDERABLE PRESSURE
TO SUPPORT OUR NATO ALLIES.
3. TEBBIT ASKED WHAT GREEK AIMS WERE. SISCO REPLIED THEY WANTED
MAKARIOS TO STOP PLAYING FOOTSY WITH COMMUNISTS AND seem TO
WANT TO ESTABLISH GOVERNMENT IN CYPRUS MORE RESPONSIVE TO ATHENS.
TEBBIT NOTED THIS HAD BOTH GOOD AND BAD FEATURES. GREEKS WANTED
TO KEEP COMMUNISTS OUT, BUT IT ALSO MAY SEEK TO KEEP CYPRUS
less GENUINELY INDEPENDENT THAN BEFORE. PROBLEM, SISCO SAID,
WAS HOW TO KEEP CRISIS LOCALIZED WITHOUT VIOLENCE OR GREAT
POWER INVOLVEMENT.
4. SISCO SAID HE THOUGHT CYPRUS WOULD FAVOR UN INVOLVEMENT.
GREEKS PROBABLY WANT NEITHER UN NOR USG TO BECOME INVOLVED.
QIESTION WAS, COULD UN DO JOB. WALDHEIM WOULD PROBABLY WANT
TO TAKE IT ON, SINCE UN IS COMMITTED TO PRESERVATION OF UNITY
AND INTEGRITY OF CYPRUS. SISCO OPINED THAT IF GREEKS AND TURKS
DECIDED TO INTERVENE THEY COULD DO IT AND THERE WOULD BE VERY
LITTLE ANYONE COULD DO TO STOP THEM.
5. SISCO MADE CLEAR VARIOUS POSSIBILITIES UNDER ACTIVE REVIEW,
BUT NO DECISIONS AKEN AND THAT WE ARE IN A WATCHFUL-WAITING
POSTURE. GP-3. IRWIN
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED THOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
861/80/265
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
*
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
SECRET 144
PAGE 01 STATE 025268
EXPIS EXEIS EXAIS
47
ORIGIN SS-25
SITUATION ROOM SITUATION ROOM
WHITE HOUSE
"72 FEB 12 PM 12 43 43
INFO OCT-01 SSO=ØØ CCO-ØØ NSCE-00 /Ø26 R
66603
DRAFTED BY: NEA/CYP: TDBOYATT
APPROVED BY: NEA - JOSEPH J SISCO
NEA REF RODGER P DAVIES
S/S - MR CURRAN
092480
Z 12133ØZ FEB 72 ZFF4
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NIEOSIA FLASH
SECRET STATE Ø25268
EXDIS
SUBJECT: US ACTIONS UPON AMBASSADOR POPPER'S RETURN
REF: NICOSIA 306
THERE WILL BE FURTHER REVIEW HERE THIS MORNING OF CYPRUS
SITUATION IN LIGHT OF OVERNIGHT DEVELOPMENTS. WE ARE ALSO
AWAITING REPORT OF AMB TASCA'S TALK WITH PM PAPADOPOULOS.
IN MEANTIME EMBASSY SHOULD TAKE NO INITIATIVE TO CALL ON
ARCHBISHOP MAKARIOS. GP = 3 . IRWIN
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon residential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
"
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
SECRET 568
PAGE 01 STATE 016994
82
ORIGIN SS-25
INFO OCT-01 /026 R
66644
DRAFTED BY:NEA/CYPTDBOYATT
APPROVED BY:NEA-RODGER P DAVIES
EXPIS EXPIS
NEA/TUR:RLPUGH
NEA/GRK:WJSILVA
EUR/FBX:EJBIEGEL
S/S-O:RDCHRISTIANSEN
SITUATION ROOM WHITE
118114 HOUSE
"72 JAN 29 AM 8:18
R 290249Z JAN 72
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
AMEMBASSY BRUSSELS
USMISSION USUN NY
SECRE T STATE 016994
EXDIS NOFORN
SUBJECT: CYPRUS: MAKARIOS SEEKING BELGIAN ARMS
REF: NICOSIA 173
1 . DEPARTMENT APPRECIATES INFORMATION CONTAINED REFTEL.
WE AGREE WITH POLICY LINE SUGGESTED BY AMBASSADOR POPPER
IN PARA 4. USG SHOULD TAKE NO INITIATIVE IN DISCUSSING
MAKARIOS EFFORT TO BUY BELGIAN ARMS. IF SUBJECT IS
SURFACED BY UN OFFICIAL OR OTHER COMPETENT AUTHORITY
(SUCH AS BELGIAN), WE SHOULD TAKE POSITION THAT
INTRODUCTION OF ADDITIONAL ARMS INTO CYPRUS BY ANY ONE
FOR ANY ONE SHOULD BE DISCOURAGED.
2. DEPARTMENT WOULD BE INTERESTED IN LEARNING DISPOSITION
OF CZECH ARMS WHICH WERE IMPORTED INTO CYPRUS IN MID-60'S
AND STORED BY CYPOL UNDER UNFICYP CONTROL. OUR
IMPRESSION IS THAT AT LEAST SOME OF THESE WEAPONS WERE
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
SECRET
PAGE 02 STATE 016994
EXQIN EXCES
CLANDESTINELY DISTRIBUTED TO CYPRUS POLICE UNITS AND
SOME OF THE ISLAND'S PRIVATE ARMIES. IN EITHER CASE,
WE ASSUMED PORTION OF WEAPONS WERE PUT INTO HANDS OF
MAKARIOS LOYALISTS.
GP-3. ROGERS
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCE WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION
HE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
861/20/ebs
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
4
#
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
2L6
W
SECRET 525
PAGE 01 STATE 016992
85
ORIGIN SS-25
INFO OCT-01 /026 R
SITUATION ROOM WHITE HOUSE HOUSE
JAN 29 AM 8:18
2
66636
DRAFTED BY NEA/CYP TDBOYATT
APPROVED BY NEA: RODGER P DAVIES
NEA/GRK GTCHURCHILL
S/S-O RDCHRISTIANSEN
117901
R 290209Z JAN 72
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
SECRE T STATE 016992
EXDIS
SUBJECT: CYPRUS: VIEWS OF PANAYOTAKOS
1. LIKE ADDRESSEES, DEPARTMENT HAS BECOME INCREASINGLY
CONCERNED ABOUT HARD-NOSED AND SIMPLISTIC VIEWS OF CYPRUS:
PROBLEM EXPOUNDED BY EX/GREEK AMBASSADOR (NOW FOREIGN
AFFAIRS UNDER SECRETARY) PANAYOTAKOS. AFTER RECEIVING
NICOSIA 136 WHICH REPORTED ANOTHER EXAMPLE OF
PANAYOTAKOS PREFERENCE FOR FORCIBLY IMPOSED PARTITION IFI
COMMUNAL TALKS NOT SUCCESSFUL BY JUNE 1972, DEPARTMENT
DECIDED TO PASS WORD TO GOC THAT US COMPLETELY OPPOSED TO
THIS LINE OF THINKING.
2. ACCORDINGLY, CYPURS COUNTRY DIRECTOR BOYATT CALLED IN
EXPIC
GREEK COUNSELOR GREGORIADES JANUARY 26 TO DISCUSS
SITUATION. BOYATT MADE IT CLEAR HEI IN NO WAY MAKING
OFFICIAL DEMARCHE. HOWEVER, ON INFORMAL AND personali
BASIS HE WISHED TO SHARE FRANKLY WITH GREGORIADES US:
CONCERN THAT NEW GREEK FOREIGN AFFAIRS UNDER SECRETARY
TAKING LINE ON CYPRUS OPPOSITE TO USG POLICY AND CONTRARY
TO STATED GOG POLICY AS WELL. BOYATT TOLD GREGORIADES
THAT PANAYOTAKOS HAD ON SEVERAL OCCASIONS SUPPORTED
"SOLUTION/ TO CYPRUS PROBLEM BASED ON FORCIBLY IMPOSED
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
*
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICAN
TELEGRAM
SECRET
PAGE 02 STATE 016992
EXPIS EXQIC EXQIN
PARTITION GIVING 20 PERCENT OF ISLAND'S TERRITORY TO TURK
CYPRIOTS. PANAYOTAKOS HAD EXPRESSED PERSONAL BELIEF THAT
NEITHER UNSC NOR SOVIETS WOULD BE IN POSITION TO REACT
EFFECTIVELY.
3. BOYATT EMPHASIZED TO GREGORIADES THAT USG CONTINUED
TO SUPPORT POLICY BASED ON PROPOSITION THAT ONLY REAL
SOLUTION TO CYPRUS PROBLEM WAS THROUGH PEACEFUL
NEGOTIATIONS CONDUCTED BY AND AGREEABLE TO THE PARTIES.
THESE CONCEPTS WERE CCLEARLY SPELLED OUT IN PRESIDENT NIXON'S
AND ARCHBISHOP MAKARIOS JOINT COMMUNIQUE OF OCTOBER 1970
AND THIS WAS STILL VERY - MUCH USG POLICY. IN ADDITION TO
ELA
OTHER REASONS, USG AGAINST IMPOSED SOLUTION BECAUSE,
CONTRARY TO PANAYOTAKOS VIEW, USG BELIEVES ANARCHY
WOULD RESULT AND SOVIETS AND UNSC WOULD BE IN POSITION
INTERVENE TO DETRIMENT OF BEST INTERESTS OF EVERYBODY.
4. GREGORIADES APPEARED GENUINELY SURPRISED THAT GREEK
DIPLOMAT WOULD EVEN MENTION PARTITION MUCH LESS SUPPORT
TERRITORIAL DIVISION OF CYPRUS. WHILE EXPRESSING HIMSELF
IN CAREFUL AND CAUTIOUS MANNER, GREGORIADES DID
STATE THAT AS FAR AS HE KNEW GOG POLICY CONTINUED TO BE
ONE OF SUPPORT FOR NEGOTIATED SOLUTION PEACEFULLY
ARRIVED AT BY PARTIES THEMSELVES. BOYATT RESPONDED HE
WAS SURE THIS WAS CASE AND THAT GOG POLICY HAD NOT
CHANGED.
5. COMMENT: BOYATT/GREGORIADES MEETING WAS ARRANGED
BEFORE DEPARTMENT RECEIVED ATHENS 444. OUR HOPE IS THAT
US POSITION WILL BE PLAYED BACK THROUGH FOREIGN MINISTRY
CHANNELS, THUS REINFORCING AMBASSADOR TASCA'S EXCELLENT
REPRESENTATIONS TO PRIMIN PAPADOPOULOS ON THIS SUBJECT
(PARA 5, ATHENS 444). ON CYPRUS PANAYOTAKOS'
FULMINATIONS WERE UNHELPFUL. IN HIS NEW POSITION HIS:
VIEWS ARE EVEN MORE DANGEROUS.
GP-3. ROGERS
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCE WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
961/20/ebs
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
EXPIS
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
SECRET 354
PAGE 01 STATE 004070
91
ORIGIN SS-25
INFO OCT-01 /026 R
SITUATION.ROOM
WHITE HOUSE
'72 JAN 8 AM 12
66638
DRAFTED BY: NEA R A LONG
APPROVED BY: NEA RODGER P DAVIES
NEA/CYP T D BOYATT
ARA/CCA MR. LANDBERG (DRAFT)
S/S-O SEAN HOLLY
092416
R 080200Z JAN 72
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
INFO USMISSION USUN NEW YORK
S ECRET STATE 004070
EXDIS
NOFORN
SUBJECT: GOC'S CONTINUING CHAGRIN OVER UNGA CHIREP VOTE
REF: NICOSIA 029
1. BELIEVE YOU HAVE IDENTIFIED POSSIBLY SIGNIFICANT OPEN-
ING WHICH CAN BE USED TO FURTHER USG POLICY GOALS. TWO AREAS TO PUSH
WHICH YOU HAVE SUG-
GESTED (CUBAN TRADE AND INTERCOMMUNAL TALKSI STRIKE US
AS MOST USEFUL TO PURSUE. WOULD SUGGEST, HOWEVER. THAT
THEIR ORDER OF IMPORTANCE BE REVERSED, WITH TALKS TAKING
PRECEDENCE.
2. REVIVED TALKS EXTEND NEGOTIATING PROCESS AND COULD RESULT
IN PROGRESS ON POLITICAL SETTLEMENT AND/OR NORMALIZATION/
DECONFRONTATION. IT ESSENTIAL, HOWEVER, THAT ATMOSPHERE BE
IMPROVED AT THIS JUNCTURE IF PARTIES ARE TO APPROACH TALKS
IN CONSTRUCTIVE MANNER. OBVIOUSLY, MAKARIOS CAN DO GREAT
DEAL TO EITHER IMPROVE OR POISON THIS ATMOSPHERE.
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHIORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
EXPIS EXPIS
SECRET
PAGE 02 STATE 004070
3. VENIAMIN SHOULD BE INFORMED OF USG VIEW THAT CYPRIOT-
AMERICAN RELATIONS WOULD BEST BE SERVED BY GOC EFFORTS TO
ACHIEVE WHAT WE FIRMLY BELIEVE TO BE IN BOTH OUR INTERESTS--
PROGRESS TOWARD POLITICAL SETTLEMENT ON CYPRUS. GOC COULD
a
MAKE SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTION THIS REGARD BY TAKING STEPS
TO CONVINCE TURK CYPRIOTS GOC APPROACHING RESUMED TALKS WITH
FIRM INTENTION REACH VIABLE SOLUTION. FOR EXAMPLE, POSITIVE
INDICATION OF WILLINGNESS TO MOVE FORWARD ON REFUGEE RE-
SETTLEMENT OR OTHER NORMALIZATION/DECONFRONTATION MEASURES
WOULD BE MOST HELPFUL. IF GOC CAN AMELIORATE TURKI CYPRIOT
DISTRUST AT THIS STAGE. WE FEEL CHANCES FOR SOLUTION
ACCEPTABLE TO ALL WILL BE MATERIALLY IMPROVED.
4. QUESTION OF CUBAN SHIPPING SHOULD ALSO BE BROUGHT UP
WITH VENIAMIN. HE SHOULD BE INFORMED THAT ACTION BY GOC
TO REDUCE PRESENT LARGE FLEET OF CYPRIOT FLAG VESSELS
ENGAGED IN CUBAN TRADE WOULD ALSO BE CONCRETE WAY FOR GOC
TO DEMONSTRATE ITS DESIRE TO IMPROVE RELATIONS WITH USG.
GP-3. IRWIN
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCE WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION
THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
L61/89/ebs
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
*
the
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
SECRET 720
PAGE 01 STATE 206107
EXQIC EXPIN EXPIS
83
ORIGIN SS-45
SITUATION SITUATION ROOM ROOM
WHITE WHITE HOUSE HOUSE
'70 DEC 180 AM 8:23
INFO OCT-01 1046 R
66636
DRAFTED BY:NEA/CYP:TWDAVIS
APPROVED BY:NEA:CHRISTOPHER VAN HOLLENI
PM/ISO:MR. STODDART (SUBS)
S/S:MR. BREWSTERI
INR/DDC/RPS:MR. CURL(SUBS)
COMNAVSECGRU*CDR. JACKSON (SUBS)
101853
R 182233Z DEC 70
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
S E COREET STATE 206107
EXDIS
NOFORN
SUBJECT8 CYPRUS: MEDITERRANEAN READINESS PLANNING
REF # NICOSIA 2161
1. RE PARA 3 REFTEL EMBASSY CORRECT INI REFERRING ALLI SUCHI
MATTERS TO DEPT TO ENSURE REQUIRED INTERAGENCY COORDINATION
AND DEPT'S APPROVAL.
2. DEPT HAS BEEN INFORMED APPROACHI TO AMBASSADOR WENIT BEYOND
THAT INTENDED. NO FURTHER ACTION REQUIRED AT THIS TIME
GP = 1 . ROGERS
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUTHE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DIPARTMENT OF STATE
wit
Department of State
OF STATES MAKE AMERICA UNITED
TELEGRAM
SECRET 201
EXPIS EXQIC EXQIC
PAGE 01 STATE 147911
82
ORIGIN SS=25
INFO OCT-01 1026 R
SITUATION ROOM
ROOM
71 AUG 13 M 9 :25 HOUSE 25
66634
DRAFTED BY: NEA CYP TDBOYATT
APPROVED BY: NEA JSISCO
NEA TUR PUGH
SSS MILLER
NEA GRK CHURCHILL
047135
R 122229Z AUG 71
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
INFO AMEMBASSY LONDON
USMISSION USUN NY
USMISSION NATO
SECRET STATE 147911
EXDIS
SUBJECT: CYPRUS: NEXT STEPS
1 - RECENT DEVELOPMENTS ON THE ISLAND HAVE CREATED NEW
AND POTENTIALLY DANGEROUS SITUATION. LOCAL TALKS ARE
VIRTUALLY DEADLOCKED OVER CONSTITUTIONAL ISSUE OF
AUTONOMY FOR TURK CYPRIOTS AND INTRODUCTION BY TURK
CYPRIOTS OF ISSUE OF INTERNATIONAL GUARANTEES CREATES
NEW SET OF PROBLEMS.
2. DEPARTMENT IS REVIEWING POLICY OPTIONS WHICH MIGHT
PERMIT USG TO CONTRIBUTE TO EFFORTS TO KEEP CYPRUS
SITUATION IN NEGOTIATION RATHER THAN CONFRONTATION CON-
TEXT. IN BROAD TERMS WE ARE INVESTIGATING SOME FORM OF
MEDIATION AS MOST LIKELY VEHICLE TO KEEP INTERESTED
PARTIES TALKING. QUESTIONS CONCERNING TYPE OF
MEDIATION AND FRAMEWORK IN WHICH IT WOULD BE
CARRIED OUT, SUBSTANTIVE RESULTS WE WOULD HOPE TO ACHIEVE
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DIPARTMENT OF STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICAN
TELEGRAM
at
SECRET
EXQIC EXPIS EXATE
PAGE 02 STATE 147911
AND PRECISE ROLES OF USG BEING EXPLORED IN DETAIL. AT
YOUR EARLIEST CONVENIENCE WOULD VERY MUCH APPRECIATE
ADDRESSEES' VIEWS ON THESE PROBLEMS. ROGERS
LETECKVW
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
eve/80/ebs
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
4
*
Department of State
Cash ad
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
CONFIDENTIAL 944
PAGE 01 STATE 187017
17
ORIGIN NEA-15
INFO OCT-01 SS-20 NSC-10 ARA-12 CIAE-00 INR-08 NSAE-00
RSC-01 RSR=01 1068 R
DRAFTED BY: NEA/CYP: K.H.TORP
APPROVED BY: NEA:RODGER P . DAVIES
NEA/CYP: MR. DAVIS (SUBS)
S/S 8 MR. CURRAN
66650
007760
R 140135Z NOV 70
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
CONFIDENTIAL STATE 187017
SUBJECT: FOLLOW-UP ON MAKARIOS CALLI ONI PRESIDENT
REFERENCE: NICOSIA 2001
THERE ARE NO ISSUES OTHER THAN CUBAN SHIPPING PROBLEM WHICH YOU
SHOULD SPECIFICALLY RAISE DURING YOUR UP-COMING CALLI ONI MAKARIOS®
GP-3. ROGERS
CONFIDENTIAL
n
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Curoec
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
Ed
CONFIDENTIAL 839:
PAGE 01 STATE 185358
18
ORIGIN nea-15
INFO OCT-Ø1 EUR-20 IO-13 CIAE-00 DODE-00 PM-05 HI-02 INR-08
L-04 NSAE-ØØ NSC-10 P-03 RSC-01 PRS-01 SS-20 USIA-12
AID-28 /143 R
66662
DRAFTED BY:NEA/TURGOGDEN
NEA/CYP:TWDAVIES
APPROVED BY:NEA:RODGER P. DAVIES
NEA/TUR:MR.CASH
118644
R 110323Z NOV 70
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
AMEMBASSY LONDON
USMISSION USUN NEW YORK
USMISSION NATO
EUCOM
USDOCOSOUTH
CONFIDENTIALSTATE185358
SUBJ: CYPRUS: GOT ANXIETY OVER MAKARIOS VISIT
1. IN FOURTH DEMARCHE DURING PAST TEN DAYS TURKISH DCM TEZELI
CALLED ON DEPT ASST SEC DAVIES NOV 9 TO EXPRESS ANKARA'S CONCERN
OVER MAKARIOS' NEW YORK COMMENT TO SEC ROGERS CONCERNING
GOC PREFERENCE FOR ENOSIS.
2. SPECIFIC COMMENT HAD BEEN QTE WE WOULD LIKE ENOSIS BUT WEI
RECOGNIZE TURKEY WILL NOT ACCEPT so HAVE SET THIS:
ASIDE UNQTE (USUN 3123). INTERPRETING STATEMENT AS
ULTIMATE GOC INTENTION, RATHER THAN OFT EXPRESSED THEME
TO WHICH GREEK CYPRIOTS PAY HOMAGED GOT WISHED MAKE
CLEAR THAT IS OWN OBJECTIVE MUST BE PROVISION OF ADEQUATE
SAFEGUARDS TO PREVENT FUTURE ENOSIS.
CONFIDENTIAL
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
*
A
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
CONFIDENTIAL
PAGE 02 STATE 185358
3. IN RESPONSE TO COMMENT THAT GOC HAS ABANDONED ENOSIS AS
UNREALISTIC GOAL, TEZEL STATED THAT TO CONTRARY IN GOT'S VIEW
GREEK CYPRIOTS WILL NEVER ABANDON DREAM OF ENOSIS. HE
POINTED OUT THAT THERE ARE VARIOUS DISTURBING INDICATORS
TO SUPPORT TURKISH SUSPICIONS: APPOINTMENT OF PETRIDES AS
MIN EDUCATION, GOC CHARGES OF TURK SEPARATIST TENDENCIES,
AND CURRENT PROPAGANDA ON FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT.
4. TURNING TO MAKARIOS STATEMENT TO AKROPOLIS SPECIAL
CORRESPONDENT TEZEL ASKED WHAT MAKARIOS HAD MEANT IN SAYING
PRESIDENT NIXON EXPRESSED APPRECIATION FOR CYPRUS
INDEPENDENT FOREIGN POLICY. DAVIES EXPLAINED THAT THE
STATEMENT SHOULD BE READ ONLY AS AN EXPRESSION OF
UNDERSTANDING FOR THE FOREIGN POLICY OF NON-ALIGNED
COUNTRIES.
5 . AT END OF CONVERSATION WE VOLUNTEERED THAT PRESIDENTIAL
MEETING HAD BEEN INITIATED BY MAKARIOS: THAT WE CONSIDERED IT
USEFUL OPPORTUNITY TO ESTABLISH RAPPORT BETWEEN MAKARIOS AND
PRESIDENT: THAT NO RPT NO NEW INITIATIVES ⑉ OR PROPOSALS FROM
EITHER SIDE HAD TAKEN PLACE: AND THAT WE CONTINUE BELIEVE THAT
CURRENT TALKS BETWEEN TWO COMMUNITIES OFFER BEST HOPE FOR
SOLUTION.
GP-3. ROGERS
CONFIDENTIAL
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
*
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
EXPIS EXQIC EXAIS
CONFIDENTIAL 962
PAGE 01 STATE 170530
82
ORIGIN SS-45
INFO OCT-01 SSO-00 NSCE-00 /046 R
SITUAT ION ROOM
E HOUSE
'70 OCT 16 AM 20
66633
DRAFTED BY:NEA/CYP&TWDAVIS
APPROVED BY:NEA-RODGER P. DAVIES
S/UN-MR. BROWN
S/S-MR. BREWSTER
WHITE HOUSE - MR. WRIGHT
NEA/TUR-MR. PUGH
085674
0 R 152347Z OCT 70 ZFF4
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA IMMEDIATE
INFO USMISSION USUN NY
AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
AMEMBASSY LONDON
CONFIDENTIA L STATE 170530
EXDIS
HIGH LEVEL ATTENDANCE AT 25TH UNGA/
USUN FOR SISCO
REF # A) STATE 169861 (NOTAL)
B) NICOSIA 1856
DELIVER TO AMBASSADOR AT OPENING OF BUSINESS 10/16/70
1. CYPRUS EMB HAS INFORMED DEPT PRES MAKARIOS ACCEPTS
OCT 25 AT 10 A.M. FOR PRESIDENTIALI MEETING AT WHITE HOUSE.
FYI THIS MEANS ARCHBISHOP WILLI REMAIN WASHINGTON FOLLOWING
OCT 24 DINNER PARTY FOR MEETING FOLLOWING MORNING. END FYI.
2. RE REF B, THERE NO OBJECTION SHOULD ARCHBISHOP ACKNOWLEDGE
TO PRESS THAT WHILE IN US HE WILLI HAVE MEETING WITH PRES
NIXON®
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
CONFIDENTIAL
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
UNITED DEPARTMENT * STATES OF OF STATE
Department of State
TELEGRAM
CONFIDENTIAL
PAGE 02 STATE 170530
EXPIS EXPIC EXPIS EXAIS
3. ANKARA MAY INFORM GOT MEEING WAS REQUESTED BY MAKARIOS,
AND BEING HELD IN CONJUNCTION SIMILAR BRIEF APPOINTMENTS WITH
OTHER VISITING CHIEFS OF STATE.
GP-3 IRWIN
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED VITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
905/88/ebs
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
#
UNITED STATES OF AMERICAN
Department of State
TELEGRAM
SECRET 876
PAGE 01 STATEI 169307
BIS EXCL EXPIS
81
ORIGIN SS-45
INFO OCT- 01 1046 R
SIGNATURE MIROOM 2
USE
'70 OCT 15 AM 8:29 29
66634
DRAFTED BY: NEA/CYP:TWDAVIS
APPROVED BY: NEA -RIDGE P. DAVIES
SS- MR. CURRAN
R ¥420252 OCT 70
076778
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
SECR ET STATE 169307
EXDIS
FOR AMBASSADOR FROM DAVIS
REF $ NICOSIA 1826
1. WE KNOW YOU PLAN TAKE OCCASION OF EUROPEAN VISIT TO US
MILITARY headguarters: TO EMPHASIZE! NEED FOR LOW US
POLITICAL MILITARY PROFILE IN CYPRUSS, AND TO CAUTION AGAINST
THINKING IN TERMS OF US USE OF SBA'S FOR OTHER THAN
MOST CRITICIAL SITUATIONS.
2. FYI WE WERE ASKED DURING PAST WEEK TO APPROVE US
PARTICIPATION IN JOINT MILITARY EXERCISE AT SBA'S. IN
OPPOSITION US PARTICIPATION WE STRESSED THAT US USE OF SBA'S
GIVES CREDENCE TO LOCAL AND REGIONAL COMMUNISTS AND RADICAL
ARAB PROPAGANDA WHICH ALLEGES NATO OR US PLANS FOR USE OF
BASES FOR Offensive ACTIONS AGAINST ARABS OR FOR NATIONILIZATION
OF CYPRUS. WE HAVE POINTED OUT THAT OUR PARAMOUNT POLICY
TO REMOVE CYPRUS AS THREAT TO GRECO-TURKISH SOLIDARITY
ON ANTO'S SOUTHEASTERN FLANK, EMPAHSIZING THAT TO EXTENT
WE EXPOSE OURSELVES TO HOSTILE PROPAGANDA ON CYPRUS AND
INDEBT OURSELVES TO MAKARIOS WE LIMIT OUR CHANCES OFI
ACHIEVING THAT GOAL. END FYI. GP-3 ROGERS
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THESOTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
45
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
fort-WA 8
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
CONFIDENTIAL
0 0609207 MAY 74
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
1412Q
CD
TO RUEHCR/AMEMBASSY AMMAN FLASH 186
06 MAY 74 Z09 47
RUEHCR/AMEMBASSY TEL AVIV FLASH 792
RUEHCR/AMCONSUL JERUSALEM FLASH 116
INFO RUEHC/SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 8488
BT
C ONFIDENTIAL NICOSIA 806
NODIS CHEROKEE
306
REF: SECTO 194 CAMMAN 2619)
1. MAKARIOS WELCOMES SECRETARY AND FOREIGN MINISTER TO CYPRUS,
EXTENDS INVITATION TO LUNCH OR DINNER. (1 PROMISED TO RELAY,
BUT PLEADED EXTREME TIGHTNESS OF TIME.) HE EXTENDED
INVITATION FOR COURTESY CALL BY SECRETARY.
2. SUGGEST I BE GIVEN PROPOSED TIME FOR COURTESY CALL, PLUS
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS NICOSIA 801. IF DECISION MADE TO USE
S
HILTON OR LEDRA PALACE, NEED MAXIMUM LEAD TIME TO SEE
THAT SPACE CAN BE CLEARED, AND WOULD HOPE TO SPEAK TO
MANAGER BEFORE NEWS RELEASE.
3. SECTO 206 JUST RECEIVED. SEEKING MEETING WITH SOVIET
AMBASSADOR. NOTE THAT MAKARIOS DID NOT VOLUNTEER USE OF
PRESIDENTIAL PALACE ALTHOUGH I TOLD HIM IN RESPONSE HIS
INQUIRE THAT SITE NOT FIXED. GRANT
S
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
20215
OF STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICAN
TELEGRAM
SECRET
6
0 141600Z FEB 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 5687
3523Q
BT
FEB. 14, 1972
SECRET NICOSIA 327
12:10 PM
NODIS
SUBJECT: CYPRUS - -- COMMENTS ON ELEMENTS OF A PACKAGE DEAL
REF: STATE 25339, ATHENS 800
NODIS
1. SUMMARY: ATHENS FORMULATION OF PACKAGE PROPOSAL SEEMS TO
US TOO ONE-SIDED. IT MAY BE IMPOSED BUT NOT NEGOTIATED.
MODIFICATIONS SUGGESTED.
2. THE PROBLEM WITH ELEMENTS OF A POSSIBLE GOG-GOC DEAL, AS I
READ ATHENS' EXCELLENT 800, IS THAT IT RESEMBLES LESS A DEAL
THAN A SETTLEMENT IMPOSED ON MAKARIOS BY GREECE. LOOKING AT IT
FROM HIS POINT OF VIEW, MAKARIOS GIVES UP CZECH ARMS, HIS HERE-
TOFORE UNCHALLENGED CONTROL OF CYPRUS GOVT, HIS RIGHT TO DETER-
MINE WHAT KIND OF AN INTERCOMMUNAL SOLUTION THERE SHOULD OR
SHOULD NOT BE AND WHATEVER AUTHORITY HE HAS TO SAFEGUARD HIS
POSITION VIS-A-VIS A NATIONAL GUARD OFFICERED BY MAINLAND
GREEKS OF DOUBTFUL LOYALTY TO HIM. IN RETURN, GREECE CALLS OFF
THE SUBVERSIVE ACTIVITY OF GEN. GRIVAS AND HIS FOLLOWERS --
WHICH IT SHOULD NEVER HAVE STARTED -- AND ALLOWS MAKARIOS TO
REMAIN AS PRESIDENT BUT WITHOUT PREEMINENT AUTHORITY. IF
MAKARIOS ACCEPTED THIS BARGAIN HE COULD BE TOPPLED THE REST OF
THE WAY BY THE GREEKS WHENEVER THEY WISHED.
200-0
5. PARA 4D (2) OF ATHENS 800 MAKES THE RATIONALE FOR THIS QUITE
CLEAR. GREEKS FEEL STRONGLY; THEY ARE MORE POWERFUL; THEIR
VIEWS SEEM CLOSER TO THOSE OF TURKS -- SO GREEKS SHOULD PRE-
VAIL. MAKARIOS CAN PERHAPS BE EXCUSED FOR SEEING THE PICTURE IN
SOMEWHAT DIFFERENT LIGHT. TO HIM IT MUST LOOK LIKE GROSS INTER-
VENTION BY A LARGER POWER IN THE AFFAIRS OF A SMALL ONE. GIVEN
HIS NATURE, HE WILL NOT AGREE UNLESS HE FEELS HE IS IN A MOST
DESPERATE POSITION, AND VERY POSSIBLY NOT EVEN THEN.
4. GREEKS CAN DOUBILESS IMPOSE THEIR DEMANDS BY FORCE IF THEY
WISH. BUT IN MY JUDGMENT A REALISTIC PACKAGE WHICH MIGHT
POSSIBLY BE SOLD THROUGH DIPLOMATIC EFFORTS WOULD FOLLOW
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
202-2
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICAN
TELEGRAM
SECRET
-2- SECRET NICOSIA 327
GENERAL LINES OF ONE WE SUGGESTED IN NICOSIA 311. FIRST POINT
OF ATHENS PACKAGE -- FREEZING OF CZECH ARMS WHILE GREEKS AND
GRIVAS STAY THEIR HANDS -- WOULD BE LOGICAL STARTING POINT.
FOLLOWING ON FROM THAT, NICOSIA PACKAGE WOULD BRING ABOUT SOME-
THING LIKE WHAT ATHENS 800 DESCRIBES IN PARA 4D (1) AS PROBABLY
ACCEPTABLE "LESS THAN MAXIMUM OBJECTIVE" SOLUTION.
5. WE NOTE THAT ATHENS TEL GOES FARTHER THAN GREEKS DO IN
THEIR DEMAND FOR GOVT OF NATIONAL UNITY. IT SPELLS OUT, PARA
NODIS
4 D 2 (B), HOW MAKARIOS WOULD BE CHECKED BY SUCH A GOVT. UNDER
PRESENT CONSTITUTION GREEKS WOULD HAVE TO CONTROL AN ABSOLUTE
MAJORITY OF COUNCIL OF MINISTERS TO DO THIS. WE PROPOSED
CHANGING TWO OR THREE MINISTERS; THIS IS WHAT WE UNDERSTOOD
GREEKS WERE AFTER.
6. MOREOVER, ATHENS FORMULATION, IN PARA 4 D 2(C) IN EFFECT
SAYS THAT MAKARIOS WILL BE REQUIRED TO AGREE TO CONSTITUTIONAL
PROPOSAL TURKISH SIDE MIGHT ACCEPT. WE ARE ALL FOR A COMPROMISE
CONSTITUTIONAL SOLUTION, BUT MUST POINT OUT THAT AS FAR AS WE
KNOW IT CANNOT BE ASSUMED GREEKS AND TURKS CAN REACH AGREEMENT
ON ONE. THAT IS WHY WE WOULD LIKE TO SEE MODUS VIVENDI FALLBACK
WE SUGGEST IN PARA 16 NICOSIA 311 KEPT IN THE PICTURE.
POPPER
200-0
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
6
200-2
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICAN
TELEGRAM
SECRET,
3352Q
0 131147Z FEB 72
13 FEBRUARY
7047 AM
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 5674.
BT
SECRET NICOSIA 313
NODIS
SITUATION ROOM
WHITE HOUSE
FEB 13 PM
FOR THE SECRETARY FROM POPPER
NODIS
REF: ATHENS 793
1. I AM GLAD HENRY TASCA INVITED NICOSIA COMMENT ON ATHENS
793, SUBSTANCE OF WHICH HE AND I DISCUSSED WHEN I PASSED
THROUGH ATHENS YESTERDAY FEB, 12.
2. ALL OF US AGREE ON IMPORTANCE OF STRONG NATO SOUTHERN
FLANK AND OF GREEK-TURKISH COOPERATION AS REGARDS CYPRUS
AND OTHER POTENTIALLY DISRUPTIVE ISSUES. WE WOULD AGREE,
TOO, THAT A CYPRUS SETTLEMENT ACCEPTABLE TO GREECE AND
TURKEY WOULD BOLSTER US POSITION IN EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN
AGAINST SOVIETS AND GENERALLY.
3. I THINK HENRY OVER SIMPLIFIES THE PICTURE WHEN
HE SUGGESTS THAT BECAUSE MAKARIOS IS INTRANSIGENT AND THUS
STANDS IN THE WAY OF SUCH A SETTLEMENT, HE SHOULD BE BRUSHED
ASIDE. IF WE LOOK AT THE MATTER SOLELY IN THIS WAY, WE
ARE TAKING A VERY BIG GAMBLE. WE ARE WRITING OFF THE
200-0
POSSIBILITY THAT MAKARIOS MAY DIG IN AND RESIST; THAT A CIVIL
WAR MAY BE STARTED AMONG THE GREEKS OF CYPRUS; THAT IT MAY
VERY WELL SPILL OVER TO INVOLVE TURKS: AND THAT THE SOVIET
UNION WILL MO VE IN.
4. MOSCOW RADIO (FBIS KYRENIS OF M122012) IS ALREADY SETTING THE
STAGE FOR POSSIBLE ACTION. IT IS SAYING THAT THE STRINGS OF
THE PLOT AGAINST THE LAWFUL GOVERNMENT OF MAKARIOS ORIGINATE
IN THE US AND NATO AND PASS THROUGH ATHENS. GOG ACTIVITY IS
DESCRIBED AS INTERVENTION IN INTERNAL AFFAIRS OF AN INDEPENDENT
MEMBER OF THE UN IN ORDER TO REPLACE MAKARIOS WITH A CYPRUS
GOVT OBEDIENT TO US AND NATO, WITH THE ISLAND TO BECOME 11 US
AND NATO BASE. THE USSR CONTINUES TO OPPOSE SUCH MOVES ON
PRINCIPLE.
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
ZODIS
OF STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICAN
TELEGRAM
SECRET
-2- NICOSIA 313
5. WHILE DISTORTED THOUGH ALL THIS IS, IT POINTS UP THE
BASIC QUESTION WE NEED TO FACE. IT IS PERFECTLY LEGITIMATE TO
LOOK AT THE CYPRUS PROBLEM IN BALANCE OF POWER TERMS, BUT WE
HAD BETTER BE SURE WE HAVE THOUGHT THROUGH THE RISKS OF A GREEK
POWER PLAY DIRECTED AGAINST MAKARIOS. IF MAKARIOS DIGS IN AND
THE GREEKS ROLL OVER HIM, IS IT OUR ESTIMATE THAT THE USSR
WILL SIMPLY RANT PUBLICLY AND GRUMBLE PRIVATELY AND LET ANOTHER
NATO FOOTHOLD BE ESTABLISHED IN AN AREA IT NOW CLAIMS IS WITHIN
NODIS
ITS SECURITY ZONE? WILL THIS BE HELPFUL IN THE TALKS THE
PRESIDENT WILL BE HAVING IN MOSCOW IN MAY? CAN WE JUST WRITE
OFF THE UN REACTION, AND ITS EXPLOITATION BY THE COMMUNISTS, SO
SOON AFTER WE WENT TO BAT IN THE UN FOR THE INDEPENDENCE AND
TERRITORIAL INTEGRITY OF PAKISTAN?
6. WHAT I AM SUGGESTING IS THAT THERE ARE MORE FACETS TO
THE PROBLEM THAN REFTEL INDICATES. THERE ARE ENOUGH DIFFICULTIES
INVOLVED IN SIMPLY RATIFYING THE GREEK PLAN OF ACTION AS IT
UNFOLDS (EXCEPT FOR AMB PANAYOTACOS HERE, THEY APPARENTLY
DID NOT EVEN HINT AT IT TO US) FOR US TO BE JUSTIFIED IN AT
LEAST TRYING TO HOLD THE GREEK GOVT DOWN A BIT. THERE IS
STILL A GOOD CHANCE TO WORK THIS PROBLEM OUT BY DIPLOMACY,
AND I THINK WE CAN PLAY A PART. THIS ENTAILS RISKS FOR US,
TOO, BUT I HOPE THAT BOTH SIDES OF THE EQUATION WILL BE FULLY
WEIGHED IN THE NEXT FEW DAYS.
7. DEPT PLEASE REPEAT AS DESIRED. GP-3.
POPPER
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9
200-0
OF STATE
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CONFIDENTIAL
R 011530Z DEC 72
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FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 6791
01 DEC 72 Z16 09
BT
CO NFIDENTIAL NICOSIA 2181
NODIS
SUBJECT: GENERAL GRIVAS
ZODIS
REF: ROME 7306, RPTD AS STATE 217750
1. FOLLOWING COMMENT FROM CYPRUS VANTAGE POINT ON KING
CONSTANTINE'S REMARKS RE GEN, GRIVAS MAY BE HELPFUL IN
ASSESSING INFO CONTAINED REFTEL.
2. WE BELIEVE GRIVAS IS AS WELL PREPARED AS HE IS EVER
LIEKLY TO BE. WHILE HIS POLITICAL FRONT IS SHRILL, POORLY
ORGANIZED AND UNIMPRESSIVE, HIS CLANDESTINE MILITARY FORCE
OF SOME HUNDREDS OF ARMED CONSPIRATORS IS NOW TRAINED,
EQUIPPED AND DEPLOYED FOR ACTION ON SHORT NOTICE. AT
LEAST THAT IS WHAT HIGH GOVT OFFICIALS TELL US IN THEIR
MORE NERVOUS MOMENTS, AND OTHER EVIDENCE CORROBORATES IT.
3. WE ESTIMATE GRIVAS FORCES COULD CARRY OUT ISOLATED
ACTS OF VIOLENCE SUCH AS ATTEMPTS ON LIVES OF GOVT LEADERS,
SEIZURE OF POLICE STATIONS, TELECOMMUNICATIONS, UTILITIES,
AND AIRPORT; BUT CRITICAL FACTOR FOR SUCCESS OF ANY COUP
200-2
WOULD BE POSTURE OF MAINLAND GREEK-OFFICERED NATIONAL GUARD
AND OF LARGE CYPRUS POLICE FORCE. THIS REMAINS SOMETHING OF
AN ENIGMA, BUT WE TEND TO BELIEVE REPORTS THAT AS LONG AS
INTERVOMMUNAL TALKS ARE PROCEEDING WITH PROSPECTS OF
SUCCESS, GREEK GOVT AND NATIONAL GUARD WILL KEEP GRIVAS UNDER
CONTROL.
4. CONTRARY TO WHAT KING SAID, MAKARIOS AND GRIVAS HAVE HAD
ONLY ONE MEETING, ON MARCH 26, AS FAR AS WE KNOW. IT PRO-
DUCED NO AGREEMENT.
5. KING APPARENTLY SAW FONOFF DEPDIRGEN PELAGHIAS WHILE IN
LONDON. IF PELAGHIAS SAID CYPRUS GOVT COULD NOT MOVE AGAINST
GRIVAS BECAUSE OF HIS "FOREIGN" (EVIDENTLY GREEK) SUPPORT, HE WAS
TAKING A LINE IN SHARP CONTRAST WITH MAKARIOS. LATTER TELLS
US HE COULD MOVE EFFECTIVELY AGAINST GRIVAS IF HE WISHED, BUT
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
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-2- - NICOSIA 2181, DEC 1, NODIS
STATES HE IS HOLDING HIS HAND IN ORDER NOT TO PROVOKE GRIVAS INTO
MILITARY RESPONSE WHICH COULD UPSET TRANQUILLITY, DIVIDE GREEK
CYPRIOT COMMUNITY, DESTROY PROSPECT OF INTERCOMMUNAL AGREEMENT,
AND PERHAPS ULTIMATELY RESULT IN PARTITITION OF ISLAND.
6. VERY DIFFICULT TO ESTIMATE WHEN GRIVAS MIGHT MAKE HIS
MOVE. ON THE ONE HAND, HE CANNOT SIT STILL INDEFINITELY.
ZODIS
ON OTHER, HE DOES NOT PRESENTLY SEEM TO HAVE CLEAR GREEK GOVT
SUPPORT WHICH WOULD BE ESSENTIAL FOR HIS PRUPOSES. HIS
PUBLICITY ORGANS HAVE COME OUT AGAINST HOLDING
PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION SCHEDULED FOR NEXT FEBRUARY, ON GROUND
THIS WOULD CONFIRM MAKARIOS -- WHOM THEY REGARD AS TRAITOR
TO HELLENISM -- IN OFFICE FOR FIVE MORE YEARS. YET THEY
ARE UNABLE TO PRESENT A CANDIDATE WHO WOULD MAKE AN IMPRESSIVE
SHOWING AGAINST MAKARIOS. IN THIS CONTEXT, WE CAN SEE KING'S
POINT THAT GRIVAS MIGHT FEEL COMPELLED TO STRIKE AGAINST
MAKARIOS BEFORE ELECTIONS TAKE PLACE. SHOULD HE DO so, WE
THINK IT WOULD BE A DESPERATE OPERATION, WITH GREEK GOVT
REACTION THROUGH NATIONAL GUARD AND CYPRUS POLICE THE CRUCIAL
FACTOR.
7. FROM OUR INFO WE ARE UNABLE TO JUDGE EXTENT TO WHICH
CONSTANTINE OR MONARCHIST ELEMENTS ARE INVOLVED IN GRIVAS
MOVEMENT.
ZODIS
8. DEPT MAY WISH PASS THIS CABLE TO ATHENS AND ROME.
XGDS- 1 DECLAS. POPPER
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9
S
R 0712352 MAR 72
CONTROL: 1684 Q
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
RECD: MAR 31Z
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 5824
BT
SECRET NICOSIA 545
N
NODIS
ROOM
WHITE HOUSE WHITE HOUSE
13 MAR PM 12:
DEPT PLEASE PASS ATHENS, ANKARA, ISTANBUL, MOSCOW
O
SUBJECT: CYPRUS: IMPORTANCE OF GREEK ORTHODOX CHURCH IN
POLITICAL MATTERS AFFECTING U.S. INTERESTS.
D
REF: ATHENS 1262, REPEATED AS STATE 38010
1. WE HAVE NO PARTICULAR COMPETENCE AND CERTAINLY NO DESIRE
TO COMMENT ON MAJOR ISSUE PRESENTED IN DISCUSSION BETWEEN
EMBASSIES ATHENS AND ANKARA OVER FUTURE OF ECUMENICAL PATRIARCHY.
S
HOWEVER, STATEMENT IN REFTEL THAT "THE GREEK ORTHODOX CHURCH"
HAS BECOME DEEPLY INVOLVED IN STRUGGLE BETWEEN MAKARIOS AND
GREEK GOVT MAY BE OPEN TO MISCONCEPTION.
2. STUDENTS OF CYPRUS WILL RECALL THAT EVER SINCE COUNCIL OF
EPHESUS IN 431 ORTHODOX CHURCH OF CYPRUS HAS BEEN AUTO-
CEPHALOUS, THAT IS, INDEPENDENTLY ORGANIZED, INTER ALIA WITH
N
ABILITY TO SELECT ITS OWN ARCHBISHOP. THUS CALL BY HOLY
SYNOD OF CYPRUS FOR MAKARIOS' RESIGNATION AS PRESIDENT,
CITED REFTEL, IS NOT ACT OF GREEK ORTHODOX CHURCH BUT PURELY
INTERNAL ACTION. EVEN IF SYNOD SHOULD STRIP MAKARIOS OF
HIS ECCESIASTICAL AUTHORITY AND HE SHOULD APPEAL TO OVERALL
D
EXTRANORDINARY SYNOD, PATRIARCHS FROM SEVERAL OTHER CHURCHES AS
WELL AS GREEK WOULD PARTICIPATE IN EXTRAORDINARY SYNOD (NICOSIA
503). CONCEPT OF AUTOCEPHALY OF CYPRIOT CHURCH HAS BEEN FIERCELY
CONTESTED AND FIERCELY DEFENDED THROUGH CENTURIES, BUT ALWAYS
MAINTAINED HERE.
S
3. IT FOLLOWS THAT WHATEVER USG MAY DO WITH RESPECT TO
ECUMENICAL PARTRIARCHY WILL HAVE VERY LITTLE INFLUENCE ON POLI-
TICAL OR EVEN RELIGIOUS DEVELOPMENTS IN CYPRUS.
4. INCIDENTALLY, IT MAY BE WORTH NOTING THAT WITH EXCEP-
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT SECRETION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
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200-0
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-2- SECRET NICOSIA 545, NODIS, MAR 7
TION OF THE THREE BISHOPS AND ONE OF CYPRUS ABBOTTS,
PRINCIPAL CHURCH FIGURES IN CYPRUS HAVE MADE CLEAR THEIR
SUPPORT FOR MAKARIOS.
POPPER
BT
NOTE: NOT PASSED ATHENS, ANKARA, ISTANBUL AND MOSCOW BY OC/T - MAR 7
200-0
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SECRET
ITUAT ON ROOM ON ROOM
HOUSE
WIF 10:36
AM
CN-720Q
R 031125Z MAR 72
3 Mar 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
1152Z
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 5804
BT
SECRET NICOSIA 512
NODIS
NODIS
NOFORN
REF: STATE 35955
SUBJECT: CYPRUS: RETURN OF COL. PAPADOSTOULOU.
1. CONFIDENTIAL UNFICYP SOURCE CONFIRMS THAT IRISH
CONTINGENT OFFICERS HAD CONTACTS WITH COL. PAPAPOSTOULOU
FEB. 22 AND 25. NO CONTACT SINCE.
2. DEPT PLEASE PASS AMEMBASSIES ANKARA AND ATHENS.
POPPER
BT
NOTE: NOT PASSED ANKARA AND ATHENS BY OC/T.
ZODIS
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SECRET
2 MA
R 011115Z MAR 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
S
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 5783
BT
SITUATION ROOM
1 MARCH 7 13 AM
WHITEH SE
- 49Q
SECRET NICOSIA 483
NODIS
9:31
NOFORN
SUBJECT: CYPRUS - RETURN OF COLONEL PAPAPOSTOULOU
ZODIS
1. CONFIDENTIAL UNFICYP SOURCE ADVISES THAT HELLENIC
ARMY COLONEL PAPAPOSTOULOU HAS BEEN SEEN IN CYPRUS
BY TWO IRISH CONTINGENT OFFICERS WHO KNEW HIM DURING
HIS 1969-1970 ASSIGNMENT HERE AS COMMANDING OFFICER OF
CYPRUS NATIONAL GUARD RAIDING FORCES WITH SPECIAL
RESPONSIBILITY FOR SECURITY OF PRESIDENT MAKARIOS.
2. IN CONVERSATION WITH IRISH OFFICERS, PAPAPOSTOULOU,
IN CIVILIAN CLOTHES, DID NOT EXPLAIN REASONS FOR HIS
RETURN TO CYPRUS BUT SPOKE OF GOG'S INSISTENCE THAT
MAKARIOS GIVE UP PRESIDENCY.
3. COMMENT: IF MAKARIOS IS AWARE OF PAPAPOSTOULOU'S
RETURN TO CYPRUS, IT WILL NOT CAUSE HIM TO SLEEP MORE
SOUNDLY. HE REGARDS PAPAPOSTOULOU AS HAVING BEEN RESPON-
N
SIBLE FOR WORKING OUT WITH GEORKADJIS THE DETAILS OF
MARCH 1970 ASSASSINATION ATTEMPT.
0
4. OUR UNDERSTANDING IS THAT PAPAPOSTOULOU "RESIGNED" FROM
HELLENIC ARMY SOME TIME AGO AND WENT TO WORK AS DEPUTY TO
GOG DIRECTOR OF ATHLETICS, ASLANIDES, WHO HIMSELF SEEMS
D
TO HAVE FIGURED IN GREEK MACHINATIONS IN CYPRUS.
5. DEPT MAY WISH PASS ATHENS AND ANKARA. WE WOULD
WELCOME ANY COMMENTS FORMER MAY HAVE RE PAPAPOSTOULOU'S
RECENT WHEREABOUTS AND ACTIVITIES. GP-3.
POPPER
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6
0 131005Z FEB 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 5673
S
BT
SECRET NICOSIA 312
NODIS
SITUATION ROOM
HOUSE CN-3351 13 1107Z
Feb 72
13
PM
REF: STATE 25316
N
1. I SEE ADDITIONAL COMPLICATIONS AHEAD IF WE SEEM TO BEG
AVOIDING THE KIND OF CONTACT WITH MAKARIOS WHICH WOULD BE
NORMAL IN A TENSE SITUATION.
2, NKI 588 INDICATES MAKARIOS IS HOPING USG CAN BE HELPFUL.
STAYING IN TOUCH WITH HIM AS WITH OTHER KEY PLAYERS NEED
D
NOT MOVE US INTO A GOOD OFFICES ROLE UNLESS OR UNTIL DEPT
WISHES. BUT FACT THAT I BROKE OFF LEAVE TO RETURN TO CYPRUS
BECAUSE OF THE DETERIORATING SITUATION IS WIDELY KNOWN. I
AM SURE MAKARIOS WILL BE EXPECTING ME TO SEEK AN APPOINTMENT
TO INFORM MYSELF OF HIS VIEWS. FOR TODAY THERE WILL BE
S
UNDERSTANDING OF FACT THAT IT IS A SUNDAY AND I WILL HAVE
REQUIRED SOME TIME TO READ MYSELF INTO SITUATION. IF, HOWEVER,
I WERE TO LET TOMORROW, FEB 14, PASS WITHOUT PUTTING IN FOR
AN APPOINTMENT, MAKARIOS WOULD -- CORRECTLY -- BEGIN TO READ
POLITICAL SIGNIFICANCE INTO MY UNCONCERN.
3. IF I DO NOT TAKE INITIATIVE IN SEEING MAKARIOS, I WOULD
N
EXPECT HIM VERY SHORTLY TO SIGNAL INDIRECTLY THAT HE WISHES TO
SEE ME. IF I THEN CALL ON HIM AND CLEARLY PUT HIM OFF EVEN
IN MINIMAL TERMS OF FRIENDLY CONCERN, MAKARIOS WILL SURELY
0
CONCLUDE THAT WE HAVE GIVEN GREECE A GREEN LIGHT TO INTERVENE
IN CYPRUS. (THIS COULD, OF COURSE, HAVE SERIOUS CONSEQUENCES
ON OTHER ASPECTS OF OUR RELATIONSHIP WITH GOCJA SUCH AS
D
RETENTION OF COMMUNICATIONS FACILITES, ETC. IN THIS CIRCUM-
STANCE, HE WOULD BE PRESENTED WITH A SHARP DILEMMA: EITHER TO
CAPITULATE TO GREEK DEMANDS - - WHICH IS NOT NORMALLY IN HIS
NATURE -- OR TO FIGHT BACK WITH ALL THE MEANS AT HIS
DISPOSAL INCLUDING ENGAGEMENT OF SOVIETS.
S
4. IN THE CIRCUMSTANCES I STRONGLY RECOMMEND I BE AUTHORIZED,
ON FEB 14, TO PUT IN FOR AN APPOINTMENT WITH MAKARIOS. PURPOSE
OF THIS WOULD BE ONLY TO SEEK HIS VIEWS ON PRESENT SITUATION,
WHILE AVOIDING ANY SUGGESTION AS ANY TYPE OF USG ACTION AT
THIS TIME. I BELIEVE THIS WILL MINIMIZE OUR RISKS AND KEEP
OPTIONS OPEN.
POPPER
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5. DEPT REPEAT AS DESIRED. GP-3.
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200-S
OF STATE
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WHITE HOUSE
9
SITUATION ROOM
R 031045Z FEB 72
0776Q
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
FEB 3, 1972- 11:13AM
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 5615
BT
SECRET NICOSIA 226
NODIS
N
SUBJECT: CYPRUS: HOW TO HANDLE PARTITION PROPOSALS
REF: (A) STATE 16992, (B) 14493, (C) NICOSIA 929, JUNE 7, 1971
O
(D) NICOSIA 826, MAY 21, 1971
1. SUMMARY: WHILE APPROVING USG OPPOSITION TO A PARTITION
SOLUTION FOR CYPRUS, EVEN IF IMPOSED BY GREECE AND TURKEY
WORKING TOGETHER, WE BELIEVE THAT THIS IS ONLY HALF A POLICY.
WE SUGGEST PLANNING EXERCISE TO WORK OUT AN ALTERNATIVE TO
UNENDING CONSTITUTIONAL DEADLOCK, PREFERABLY ONE STARTING FROM
PRESENT DE FACTO SITUATION AND GRADUALLY DEVELOPING NEW INTER-
COMMUNAL TIES.
S
2. WE CERTAINLY AGREE WITH REFIELS (A) AND (B) THAT FLIRTATION
BY ANY HIGH GREEK OFFICIAL WITH DEADLINES FOR INTERCOMMUNAL TALKS,
DYNAMIC SOLUTIONS, AND PARTITION REPRESENTS DANGEROUS AND RISKY
LINE OF THINKING, AND THAT GOG SHOULD BE IN NO DOUBT WHATEVER
AS TO HOW WE FEEL ABOUT IT. AT SAME TIME THERE ARE ONE OR
TWO ASPECTS OF WHAT HAS DEVELOPED WITH REGARD TO AMB PANAYOTACOS'
N
STATEMENTS (REFTEL A AND B) WHICH I WOULD LIKE TO CALL TO DEPT'S
ATTENTION.
O
3. FIRST POINT IS THAT BY ZEROING IN SO SPECIFICALLY ON
PANAYOTACOS, BOTH IN ATHENS AND IN WASHINGTON, USG HAS NOT
ONLY MADE ITS DISPLEASURE ON THE SUBSTANTIVE POINTS AT ISSUE CLEAR;
D
IT MAY ALSO HAVE SERIOUSLY ANTAGONIZED THE MAN WHO WILL IN
EFFECT BE NO. 2 IN GREEK FONOFF, AS WELL AS GREEK EMBASSY IN
NICOSIA. HOW IMPORTANT THIS IS TO EMBASSY ATHENS I DO NOT
KNOW, BUT I AM AFRAID THAT EFFECT OF RECENT MOVES HERE WILL BE
TO CLOSE OFF OUR GREEK EMBASSY CHANNEL OF INFORMATION ABOUT
SENSITIVE GREEK RELATIONS WITH CYPRUS GOVT AND GREEK EMBASSY VIEWS
S
REGARDING RIGHT-WING ENOSISTS, GRIVASITES, ETC. THIS HAS BEEN
VERY IMPORTANT SOURCE FOR US, AND WE WOULD BE SORRY TO SEE
GREEK EMBASSY CLAM UP.
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S
4. SECOND POINT IS MORE SERIOUS. IT IS NOT ONLY MAINLAND
GREEKS WHO TALKS TO US OF A POSSIBLY DYNAMIC SOLUTION, BUT TURKS,
TURK CYPRIOTS AND CERTAIN GREEK CYPRIOT ESTABLISHMENT TYPES
AS WELL, PROPONENTS OF SUCH A SOLUTION PERSIST IN SEEKING IT
BECAUSE THEY ARE UTTERLY FRUSTRATED BY INABILITY OF PARTIES
TO REACH AGREEMENT ON A CONSITUTIONAL SOLUTION TO INTER-
NODIS
COMMUNAL PROBLEM, AND BECAUSE THEY ARE DETERMINED NOT TO
ALLOW CYPRUS PROBLEM TO TRIGGER OFF A GREEK-TURKISH WAR.
THEY DO NOT BELIEVE PROSPECTS FOR A CONSTITUTIONAL SOLUTION
IN UPCOMING, EXPANDED INTERCOMMUNAL TALKS WILL BE MUCH IF ANY
BETTER THAN THEY WERE DURING THE 3-1/2 YEAR CLERIDES-DENKTASH
EXERCISE. IF THE EFFORT IS MADE AND FAILS ONCE AGAIN,
THEY REASON, IT WILL BE CRYSTAL CLEAR THAT SINCE THE PARTIES
CANNOT AGREE TO LIVE TOGETHER IN CYPRUS, THEY MUST LIVE
SEPARATELY. IN THEIR FRUSTRATION HARDLINERS ON BOTH SIDES
THUS LOOK TO GREEK-TURKISH COOPERATION TO IMPOSE A SOLUTION
AS ONLY WAY OUT OF ENDLESS IMPASSE. THEY SEE GREECE AND TURKEY
MOVING FARILY STEADILY ALONG THIS PATH.
5. THIS IS SOMETHING RATHER NEW, AND IT CALLS FOR SOME SHIFT
IN OUR CONTINGENCY THINKING. IN YEARS PAST OUR "WORST CASE"
SCENARIO ENVISAGED A GREEK-GREEK CYPRIOT STRIKE FOR ENOSIS,
N
A TURKISH INVASION TO COUNTER IT, AND QUICK SOVIET AND AMERICAN
INVOLVEMENT IN THE RESULTING IMBROGLIO. THAT IS NOT THE PROSPECT
TODAY. ON THE CONTRARY, ADVOCATES OF GREEK-TURKISH COOPERATION
0
MAINTAIN THAT DANGER TO USG INTERESTS AND NATO WOULD BE GREATLY
REDUCED -- AS COMPARED WITH PREVIOUS CYPRUS CRISIS CONDITIONS - --
PRECISELY BECAUSE GREECE AND TURKEY WOULD BE WORKING TOGETHER.
D
THERE WOULD BE NO FALLING OUT AMONG NATO ALLIES, NO WEAKENING
OF NATO FLANK, AND MILITARY OPERATION COULD BE CONCLUDED IN A
FEW HOURS -- TOO QUICKLY TO PERMIT ANY THIRD-PARTY INTERVENTION.
RESULT WOULD BE ACTUALLY TO STRENGTHEN NATO FLANK, SINCE DANGER
OF A COMMUNIST TAKEOVER IN CYPRUS WOULD BE EXTINGUISHED.
TRUE, A UN MEMBER STATE WOULD BE DISMEMBERED AND PERHAPS
S
DESTROYED, BUT A LARGE PROPORTION OF ALL CYPRIOTS WOULD APPROVE
OR ACQUIESCE. RECENT EXPERIENCE ONLY RE-EMPHASIZES IMPOTENCE
OF UN IN SUCH CASES.
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6. I HAVE DEVELOPED THIS LINE OF ARGUMENT NOT IN ORDER TO
ACCEPT OR SUPPORT IT BUT TO INDICATE THAT WE SEEM TO BE
DEALING WITH A CAREFULLY THOUGH OUT AND STRONGLY HELD VIEW
BASED ON WHAT APPEAR TO ITS PROPONENTS TO BE IRREFUTABLE
CONSIDERATIONS. IF BY OBJECTING WE ONLY DRIVE THE EFFORTS
NODIS
OF THESE PROPONENTS FURTHER UNDERGROUND, WE WILL NOT BE DOING
OURSELVES ANY SERVICE. IN THE END WE MAY FIND OURSELVES
FACED BY A DISAGREEABLE SURPRISE. WE KNOW THAT GREEK-
TURKISH PLANNING ON CYPRUS IS CONTINUING ON A VERY PRIVATE
BASIS.
7. THE FACT IS, IN MY OPINION, THAT OUR PRESENT COURSE REQUIRES
US TO SIT ON THE LID OF A BOILING POT WITHOUT PROVIDING A
SAFETY VALVE. WE INDULGE IN GENERALIZED EXHORTATION TO ALL
CONCERNED TO REACH A CONSTITUTIONAL SETTLEMENT, WHEN IN FACT
NEITHER SIDE IS PREPARED TO RESTORE CONSTITUTIONAL UNITY ON
TERMS ACCEPTABLE TO THE OTHER. AT THE SAME TIME WE BLOCK
OFF THE ALTERNATIVE OF A SETTLEMENT IMPOSED BY GREECE AND
TURKEY. THUS WE CONDEMN THE PARTIES TO CONTINUE WITH THE
SAME FRAGILE AND UNSATISFACTORY RELATIONSHIPS THEY SUFFER
TODAY. IT IS A SITUATION RIPE FOR EXPLOITATION BY SOVIETS AND
LOCAL COMMUNISTS ON ONE SIDE, AND GRIVAS SUPPORTERS ON THE OTHER.
N
8. IS IT REALLY IN OUR INTEREST TO PERPETUATE THIS DEADLOCK?
WILL WE BE ANY BETTER OFF IF WE LET THE MOMENT PASS WHEN
0
GREECE AND TURKEY HAVE SOME HOPE-BY NO MEANS A CERTAINLY--
OF BEING ABLE TO WORK TOGETHER TOWARD A SOLUTION? WE HAVE
BUILD UP NEGATIVE DEFENSES AGAINST A DYNAMIC SOLUTION, BUT
D
THAT IS ONLY HALF THE ANSWER. SHOULD WE NOT INJECT SOME
CONSTRUCTIVE ELEMENT INTO THE PICTURE, AS PART OF THE LEADER-
SHIP RESPONSIBILITY OF A SENIOR ALLY?
S
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S
9. THIS IS THE PROBLEM I WOULD LIKE TO SEE ADDRESSED AS A
PLANNING MATTER. NO OPTIONS SHOULD OR NEED BE CLOSED OFF AT
THIS STAGE. AS OF NOW, MY OWN FEELING IS THAT IF A CON-
STITUTIONAL SETTLEMENT PROVES TO BE OUT OF THE QUESTION--
A CLEAR PROBABILITY -- WE SHOULD BE PREPARED TO APPRAOCH ALL
N
PARTIES WITH A MODUS VIVENDI OR INTERIM SETTLEMENT PROPOSAL.
SUCH A PROPOSAL WOULD START FROM WHERE WE ARE AND SET UP PRO-
CEDURES AND SCHEDULES FOR GRADUALLY KNITTING THE TWO COMMUNITIES
O
TOGETHER. DECONFRONTATION AND NORMALIZATION MEASURES WOULD
BE ESSENTIAL ASPECTS OF ANY ARRANGMENT.
D
10. BEFORE WE CAN DO THIS WE OUGHT TO REVIEW INTERNALLY THE
WHOLE RANGE OF CYPRUS CONTINGENCIES. I HOPE OCCASION WILL
ARISE THIS SPRING WHEN AMBS HANDLEY AND TASCA AND I CAN
CARRY ON SUCH A DISCUSSION, WITH INTERESTED DEPT. OFFICERS.
THEREAFTER WE WOULD HAVE TO DO SO ME FRANK TALKING WITH GREEK
AND TURXISH GOVTS. WE WOULD HAVE TO TELL THEM THAT WE EXPECT
S
THEM TO REFRAIN FROM MILITARY ADVENTURES, BUT THAT WE WOULD
SUPPORT THEM IN WORKING WITH ON-ISLAND COMMUNITIES TO BUILD
GREATER STABILITY, AND MORE EQUITY, INTO PRESENT DE FACTO
SITUATION IN CYPRUS -- SINCE THE PARTIES CAN'T AGREE ON HOW TO END
IT.
N
11. I AM THE FIRST TO ADMIT THAT ALL THIS WOULD NOT NECESSARILY
PRODUCE A DEFINITIVE SETTLEMENT. WHAT IT WOULD DO IS TO
GIVE GREECE AND TURKEY AN ALTERNATIVE TO THE DANGEROUS GAMES
O
SOME OF THEIR PEOPLE SEEM TO BE PLAYING. IF WE LIMIT OURSELVES
TO NAY-SAYING, THESE GAMES ARE GOING TO SEEM INCREASINGLY
ATTRACTIVE. WE HAVE A FEW MONTHS IN WHICH TO THINK IT OVER,
D
WHILE CONSTITUTIONAL ISSUES ARE THRESHED OUT IN THE IMPENDING
INTERCOMMUNAL TALKS. IT WOULD BE WELL TO USE THE TIME PROFITABLY.
12. DEPT. PLEASE REPEAT AS DESIRED.
POPPER
S
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
OF STATE
OF STATES AMERICA CRIING
Department of State TELEGRAM
SECRET
CA0939
PAGE 121 STATE 160214
73
ORIGIN cco-on
S
INFO OCT-01 PA88-09 /ans R
Copy of 18 copies
DRAFTED BY CYF MR. STABLER
APPROVED BY CTF - MR. AARBOUR
S/S-01 RKUCHEL
098546
Z 240327Z JUL 74 ZFF4
FM SEGSTATE WASHDC
CONTROL: 6672Q
20000
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA FLASH
RECD:
July 23, 1974
11:45 PM
SECR It' T STATE 160214
EXDIS DISTRIAUTE AS NODIS
E.O. 116521 CDS
TAGS- PHOR, CY
OURJI
REF. NICOSIA 1686
SINCE WE HAVE TOLD GREFKS, SEE NO REASON WHY You
SHOULD NOT TELL CLERTOFS ABOUT TURKISH ASSURANCES.
MOROVER, IF YOU THINK TT WOULD DO ANY GOOD, YOU ARE
ALSO AUTHORIZED TO TELL DENKTASH. KISSINGFR
2
NOTE BY ANALYSTI CCO PASS COPY TO OFF-1 INE FOR PROCESSING.
S
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
COPY B OF 18 COPIES
SECRET
OF STATE
Department of State
TELEGRAM
STATES OF
Z 0 232310Z JUL 74 ZFF6
FM SECSTATE WASHOC
CONTROL: 66100
TO RUQMQG/ AMEMBASSY NICOSIA FLASH 6041
S
INFO RUQMGU/ AMEMBASSY ANKARA IMMEDIATE 7628
RUOT AMEMBASSY LONDON IMMEDIATE 7742
RUQMAT/ AMEMBASSY ATHENS IMMEDIATE 6914
BT
S E CRET STATE 159994
N
NODIS
E.O. 11652: GDS
TAGS: PFOR, CY
SUBJECT: YOUR APPROACH TO CLERIDES
FROM SECRETARY FOR AMBASSADOR
1. I HAVE RECEIVED YOUR REPORT THAT CLERIDES WAS SWORN IN
AS ACTING PRESIDENT OF CYPRUS. WE INFER FROM THIS THAT
HE WILL BE PERFORMING HIS DUTIES UNDER THE AEGIS OF PARA-
GRAPH 2, ARTICLE 44, OF THE CYPRUS CONSTITUTION. GIVEN
THIS DEVELOPMENT, 1 WANT YOU TO UNDERSTAND THAT YOU SHOULD
BE EXTREMELY FRIENDLY TO CLERIDES AND THAT YOU SHOULD CON-
TINUE TO ESTABLISH EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATIONS AND CONTACT
WITH HIM, STOPPING JUST A SHADE SHORT OF RECOGNITION.
2. WE HAVE ALSO NOTED YOUR REPORT THAT CLERIDES WILL HAVE
CYPRIOT SUPPORT AND CAN PROBABLY MAINTAIN HIMSELF IN
OFFICE. I WOULD APPRECIATE URGENTLY YOUR ASSESSMENT OF THE
BALANCE OF POLITICAL FORCES ON THE ISLAND AND THE IMPLICA-
TIONS FOR MAKARIOS' AND CLERIDES RESPECTIVE POLITICAL
POSITIONS.
KISSINGER
:EPDJEREJIAN: BDF
7/23/74 EXT 20356
THE SECRETARY
P:JJSISCO
EUR - MR. HARTMAN
S/S - SRGAMMON
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT SECRET THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
DECLASSIFIED This document has been Reproduced reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
Copy 45 of 1 copies
State
SEGRET
0 200243Z JUL 74 ZFF6
CONTROL: 5620Q
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO RUOMOG/ANEMDASSY NICOSIA IMMEDIATE 5959
RECD:
July 19, 1974
INFO RUGMAT/AMENBASSY ATHENS IMMEDIATE 6805
1143 PM
RUQMGU/AMERBASSY ANKARA IMMEDIATE 7532
GT
SECRET STATE 157921
NODIS.
TOPOL 41
E.O. 11652:GDS
TAGS; PFOR PINT CY
SUBJECT: CYPRUS : GLAFCOS CLERIDES
FROM THE SECRETARY
PLEASE PASS TO SISCO
REF: NICOSIA 1520
I WOULD LIKE YOU TO SEE CLERIDES AGAIN AND INDICATE TO HIM
THAT WE ARE SYMPATHETIC TO SOME OF HIS IDEAS. WE ARE
PARTICULARLY ANXIOUS THAT CLERIDES KNOWS THAT UNDER NO
CIRCUNSTANCES DO WE THINK RE SHOULD RESIGN HIS POSITION AS
PRESIDENT OF PARLIAMENT. INGERSOLL
D:MASAMUELS:CM
EXT. 28930 7/19/74
THE ACTING SECRETARY
EUR - MR. STABLER
S/S - MR. FRY
S/AM - AMB. MCCLOSKEY
SEGRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
EXPIN EXPIS
SECRET 608
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00206 010911Z
18
ACTION SS-25
2
INFO OCT-01 CIAE-00 DODE-00 /026 W
004690
R 010815Z FEB 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 5606
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
AMEMBASSY LONDON
USMISSION USUN
SITUATION SITUATION ROOM
WHITE WHITE HOUSE HOUSE
'72 FEB 8:59
S E C E T NICOSIA 206
EXDIS
SUBJECT: CYPRUS -- GUYER VISIT
1. SUMMARY: UN UNDER SECRETARY GUYER'S REAL PURPOSE IN
TRAVELLING TO AREA IS TO OBTAIN GOT AGREEMENT TO SYG'S
FORMULA FOR EXPANDED INTERCOMMUNAL TALKS. HE IS PRESSING FOR
DECONFRONTATION AND CONTRIBUTIONS TO UNFICYP.
2. I MANAGED TO GET A HALF HOUR ALONE WITH UN UNDER SECGEN
GUYER JAN 31. HE CONSIDERS HIS VISIT TO ATHENS PURELY A COURTESY,
HIS VISIT TO NICOSIA NEARLY AS MUCH SO. REALI PURPOSE OF TRIP IS
TO WIN TURKISH ACQUIENSCENCE IN ANKARA TO SECRETARY GENERAL'S
FORMULA FOR EXPANDED INTERCOMMUNAL TALKS, JUST AS IT STANDS.
ANY TA PERING WITH IT WOULD OPEN A PANDORA'S BOX. THAT WAS
WHY HE HAD STRESSED TO TURK ACTING PERMREP IN NEW YORK (USUN
333) THAT IF FAILURE OF TURKEY TO COME ALONG SHOULD FORCE
PROBLEM INTO SECURITY COUNCIL, STATUS OF LONDON-ZURICH AGREEMENTS
MIGHT BE JEOPARDIZED. I TOLD GUYER WE BELIEVED ON BASIS OUR INFO
THAT HIS CHANCES OF SUCCESS WERE FAIRLY GOOD (CF NICOSIA 1981.
3. OSORIO-TAFALL'S ROLE IS TO BE LIMITED STRICTLY TO GOOD
OFFICES IN CLASSICAL SENSE. IT WILL NOT BE MEDIATION: GALO PLAZA
FIASCO IN 1965 HAD CLOSED OFF THAT AVENUE.
4. GUYER HOPES THAT AFTER A FEW FORMAL MEETINGS AT OUTSET,
INTERCOMMUNAL TALKS WILL BE CARRIED ON INFORMALLY AND PRIVATELY.
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
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UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
SECRET
PAGE 02 NICOSI 00206 0109112
COLLEGE TRY MUST BE MADE FOR A CONSTITUTIONAL SETTLEMENT BUT IF
THIS IS IMPOSSIBLE, "IT WILL NOT BE THE END OF THE WORLD." HE
UNDERSTANDS THAT AN INTERIM SETTLEMENT OR MODUS VIVENDI MAY BE
EXPIS
BEST WE CAN GET.
5. GUYER IS TALKING UP DEPT'S DECONFRONTATION PROPOSAL, AS
SUGGESTED BY AMB. BENNETT. HE FOUND MAKARIOS AND KYPRIANOU
FAVORABLY DISPOSED: WILL DISCUSS IT WITH TURK CYPRIOTS FEB 1.
I EXPALINED WHY PROPOSAL WOULD BE MORE DIFFICULT FOR TURKISH SIDE.
GUYER NOW REALIZES THAT BEST CHANCE TO BRING TURK CYPRIOTS AROUND
IS TO STRESS THAT GREEK CYPRIOTS WOULD BE WITHDRAWING FORCES TO
MUCH GREATER EXTENT THAN TURK CYPRIOTS, AND TO EXPLORE WHAT
OTHER CONCESSIONS MIGHT BE MADE TO TURK CYPRIOTS IN EXCHANGE
FOR THEIR AGREEMENT. GUYER AGREES DECONFRONTATION IS SUITABLE
SUBJECT FOR EARLY DISCUSSION IN OR ALONG WITH INTERCOMMUNAL
TALKS.
6. GUYER RAISED QUESTION OF CYPRUS CONTRIBUTION TO UNFICYP
WITH MAKARIOS. RECEIVED EQUIVOCAL AND UNESTHUSIASTIC RESPONSE..
I SAID I WOULD PRESS MATTER WITH KYPRIANOU: GUYER HEARTILY
APPROVED. HE WILL MENTION PROBLEM AT FEB. 1 WORKING LUNCH.
ON LUNCH, INCIDENTALLY, HIS VIEWS REMAIN AS REPORTED BY AMB.
BENNETT THOUGH WITH LESS FIRE.
7. MAKARIOS TOLD GUYER HE WAS ORGANIZING A "STRATEGIC RESERVE."
GUYER SENSED THAT ARCHBISHOP IS DEEPLY DISTRUSTFULI OF GREEKS.
HE WILL LEAVE CYPRUS WITH A MUCH MORE LIVELY APPRECIATION OF THE
FACT THAT TROUBLE IN CYPRUS IS AT LEAST AS LIKELY TO BE TOUCHED
OFF BY FIGHTING WITHIN GREEK CYPRIOT COMMUNITY AS IT IS: BY
INTERCOMMUNAL INCIDENTS.
POPPER
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
661/80/ebs
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT
No Objection To Declassification 2008/06/13 : NLN-NSC FILES-592-3-10-5
STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF MEDICAL
TELEGRAM
SECRET 437
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00526 0419542
25X1 EXEMS EXATS EXPIS
50
ACTION SS-25
2
INFO OCT-01 SSO-00 CCO-00 NSCE-00 1026 W
113855
OR 0419102 MAR 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 5814
INFO AMEMBASSY ATHENS
AMEMBASSY ANKARA
SECRE T NICOSIA 526
EXDIS
REF NICOSIA 523, STATE 37781, DIA 3948
1. EMBASSY
HAVE NO FURTHER REPORTS OF TROOPS MOVEMENTS
SUBSEQUENT TO THOSE DESCRIBED NICOSIA REFTEL.
2. UNFICYP CONFIRMS NO TROOP ACTIVITY HAS TAKEN PLACE SINCE MID-
AFTERNOON. HOWEVER, IT REPORTS ELDYK (MAINLAND GREEK CONTINGENT)
AND NATIONAL GUARD UNITS AROUND NICOSIA ARE IN HIGH STATE
OF READINESS. EARLIER MOVEMENTS INTO NICOSIA have TERMINATED WITH
NO APPARENT PATTERN.
POPPER
State Dept. review completed
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE ALTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
No Objection To Declassification 2008/06/13 NLN-NSC FILES-592-3-10-5
No Objection To Declassification 2008/06/13 NLN-NSC FILES-592-3-11-4
DEPARTAD
OF
STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF MEMBER
TELEGRAM
SECRET 276
EXEIS EXPIS EXPIS
PAGE 01 NICOSI 031 01 OF 02 121755Z
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 SSO-00 CCO-00 1926 W
093176
0 121645Z FEB 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 5671
INFO AMEMBASSY ATHENS IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY ANKARA IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY LONDON IMMEDIATE
AMEMBASSY MOSCOW IMMEDIATE
AMEMBJISY PARIS IMMEDIATE
USMISSION USUN IMMEDIATE
WHITE HOUSE IMMEDIATE
S E. C R E T SECTION 1 OF 2 NICOSIA 311
EXDIS NOFORN
REF: EXDIS TOSEC 15
WHITE HOUSE PLFASE PASS TO SECRETARY ROGERS IN KEY BISCAYNE
SUBJECT: CYPRUS DEVELOPMENTS
1. OUR THOUGHTS ON QUESTIONS POSED IN STATE 025233 ARE AS
FOLLOWS.
2. GOG OBJECTIVE CLEARLY GOES FAR BEYOND CZECH ARMS PROBLEM
as SUCH. AS GREEK UNDER SECY FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS PANAYOTACOS
PUT IT TO CHARGE EVENING FEB 11, CZECH ARMS ISSUE HAS PROVIDED
GOG WITH THE OPPORTUNITY PRESS OTHER' BROADER OBJECTIVES. AS
WE INTERPRET IT, GREEKS MIGHT BE SATISFIED WITH AN APPROPRIATE
EXPIR
RESOLUTION OF CZECH ARMS PROBLEM AND CREATION OF GOVERNMENT
OF NATIONAL UNITY COMPLIANT WITH GOG DESIRES. IF THESE
OBJECTIVES CANNOT BE ATTAINED, PANAYOTACOS HAS MADE IT
PERFECTLY CLEAR THAT AS GOG SEES IT MAKARIOS WOULD HAVE TO
BE REMOVED.
3. WE CANNOT DOCUMENT GOT COLLUSION BUT THERE IS STRONG
CIRCUMSTANTIAL EVIDENCE SUPPORTING THAT CONCLUSION:
State Dept. review completed
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED Webroduced at the OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
No Objection To Declassification 2008/06/13 NLN-NSC FILES-592-3-11-4
DEPARTMENTO
No Objection To Declassification 2008/06/13 NLN-NSC FILES-592-3-11-4
OF
STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
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PAGE 02 NICOSI 0031 01 OF 02 121755Z
REPEATED STATEMENTS BY LEADERS IN ANKARA AS WELL AS
ATHENS THAT CYPRUS PROBLEM CANNOT BE SOLVED EXCEPT BY
AGREEMENT BETWEEN GREECE AND TURKEY:
25X1
EXPIS
PANAYOTACOS" STATEMENT TO US THAT IF ALL ELSE FAILS, DOUBLE
ENOSIS WILL BE THE ONLY SOLUTION: LACK OF REACTION FROM TURKS
TO SUCCESSION OF EVENTS WHICH WOULD ORDINARILY TRIGGER
GRAVE ALARM.
4. AS TO QUESTION TWO ON TIMING, WE SIMPLY DO NOT KNOW.
INITIALLY, WE THOUGH GOG WOULD MOVE TO SEIZE CONTROL HERE
VERY QUICKLY AFTER PRESENTATION OF DEMANDS AND RECEIPT OF
ANTICIPATED NEGATIVE REPLY FROM MAKARIOS. THIS HAS NOT
RPT NOT HAPPENED. ON CURRENT READING, GOG SEEMS DISPOSED
ALLOW TWO OR THREE DAYS -- IF (AS PANAYOTACOS PUT IT) THIS IS
THE TIME MAKARIOS NEEDS TO ACCEPT GREEK PROPOSALS. IF
WE TAKE PANAYOTACOS AT HIS WORD, GREECE WILL STIMULATE AN
UPRISING AGAINST MAKARIOSIF HE HAS NOT ACCEPTED GREEK
DEMANDS WHEN GRACE PERIOD HAS EXPIRED. WE WOULD HOPE
THAT THIS IS A TACTICAL RATHER THAN LITERAL STATEMENT, BUT WE
ARE BY NO MEANS SURE.
5. ANSWER TO FIRST PORTION OF THIRD QUESTION, VIEWED FROM
NICOSIA, IS THAT UN GOOD OFFICES ROLE WOULD MINIMIZE OR DILUTE
U.S. RESPONSIB.E AND OPPROBRIUM WHICH WOULD COME FROM U.S.
EFFORT TO INFLUENCE PARTIES TO ACCEPT UNPALATABLE COMPROMIES.
UN GOOD OFFICES MIGHT PROVIDE A FACADE FOR SOME SORT OF SOVIET-
AMERICAN AGREEMENT ON THE CHARACTER OF AN INDEPENDENT CYPRUS
IN THE FUTURE, OF POSSIBLE VALUE IN CONTEXT OF PRESIDENT'S
MOSCOW VISIT. IT WOULD no LESS DAMAGE TO OUR ALLIANCE
RELATIONS WITH GREECE AND TURKEY THAN WOULD A MORE ACTIVE U.S.
POSTURE: THIS COULD BE OVERRIDING FACTOR.
EXQIC
6. ON OTHER HAND, A UN SECURITY COUNCIL PARALYZED BY DISSEN-
SION AMONG U.S., CHINA AND USSR AS TO A CYPRUS SETTLEMENT
WOULD HAVE DIFFICULTY IN MOVING BEYOND GENERALITIES. ITS
MANDATE WOULD HAVE LITTLE CLOUT AND IF SECRETARY GENERAL
WERE SECURITY COUNCIL'S ACTION AGENT, HE COULD NOT BE VERY
EFFECTIVE If GREAT POWERS WERE PULLING AT HIM FROM DIFFERENT
IRECTIONS. FINALLY, UN ROLE WOULD GIVE SOVIETS MUCH GREATER
OPPORTUNITY FOR MANEUVER THAN IF U.S. WERE TO TAKE INITIATIVE.
IT HAS NOT HAD SUCH AN OPPORTUNITY IN THE PAST.
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Libra
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and been determined to be declassified.
No Objection To Declassification 2008/06/13 NLN-NSC FILES-592-3-11-4
DEPARTMENTO
No Objection To Declassification 2008/06/13 NLN-NSC FILES-592-3-11-4
DEPARTM
OF
EXCES
STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
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PAGE 03 NICOSI 00311 01 OF 02 1217552
70 IN CONTRAST, U.S. GOOD OFFICE WOULD GIVE US GREATER CONTROL
AND INFLUENCE OVER EVENTS, CARRYING ON PRACTICE ESTABLISHED IN
1964 AND 1967-68. IF WE WERE TO SHIRK THIS ROLE TODAY, EASTERN
EXPIS
MEDITERRANEAN NATIONS GENERALLY WOULD TAKE IT AS SIGNAL THAT
POWER BALANCE IN THIS AREA HAD MATERIALLY CHANGED.
8. AS TO TIMING, IF U.S. IS TO TAKE THE LEAD, IT SHOULD MOVE
SOONEST, IF POSSIBLE BEFORE GREEK GOVT SHOWS SIGNS OF TAKING
DRASTIC ACTION TO ENFORCE ITS "ULTIMATUM" TO MAKARIOS. WE HOPE
THAT AS RESULT OF AMB TASCA'S CONVERSATION WITH PM PAPADOPOULOS
WE SHALL HAVE BETTER FEEL FOR EVENTS IN IMMEDIATE FUTURE.
9. WE THINK DEPT IS CORRECT IN ASSUMING MAKARIOS IS LIKELY TO
MOVE TO UNSC AND USG WILL BE INVOLVEDAT FAIRLY EARLY STAGE.
THIS POINTS UP ... FACT THAT BOTH US AND UN HAVE HAD A ROLE IN
PREVIOUS CYPRUS CRISES AND BOTH WILL PRESUMABLY HAVE ONE IN
THIS ONE. PROPERLY FORMULATED, QUESTION IS WHETHER AS IN PAST
UN ROLE SHOULD BE LARGELY SUPPORTIVE OF U.S. ACTION, OR
THE REVERSE.
10. FINALLY, WE THINK A MOVE TO UN BY MAKRIOS MIGHT WELL PRECI-
PITATE GOG AND/OR GOT COUNTER ACTION. IF AT THAT STAGE KFG DID
NOT HAVE ITS OWN GOOD OFFICES PROPOSAL ON THE TABLE AS AN ALTER-
NATIVE, IT MIG BE CONFRONTED WITH NEED FOR EMBARRASSING
DECISION ON WHETHER AND HOW TO OPPOSE COMMUNIST INSPIRED
SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTIONS DIRECTED AGAINST GREECE AND/OR
TURKEY FOR SEEKING TO DISMEMBER CYPRUS.
11. AS TO FIFTH QUESTION. WE BELIEVE A REALISTIC PACKAGE MUST
CALL FOR ROUGHLY COMMENSURATE SACRIFICE BY ALL THREE PARTIES
CUNCERNED AND MUST GIVE EACH ROUGHLY COMMENSURATE SATISFACTION.
EVEN BEST BALANCED PACKAGE WILL BECOME REALISTIC" ONLY WHEN
EXPIS
EVELOPMENT OF CRISIS PRESENTS PARTIES WITH EVEN LESS DESIRABLY
ALTERNATIVES IF THEY REUECT IT. THUS PACKAGE WHICH SEEMS
TO HAVE LITTLE CHANCE OF ACCEPTANCE TODAY MIGHT, IF
SITUATION DETERIORATES, COME TO BE MUCH MORE PALATABLE, AT
LEAST AS B:SIS FOR NEGOTIATION.
! . WE SUGGEST THAT FOLLOWING PACKAGE PROPOSALS COULD BE
PROPOSED OR STRONGLY SUPPORTED BY US OR BY UN IF SECRETARY GENERAL
RATHER THAN SECURITY COUNCIL WERE THE OPERATING UN ORGAN:
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
No Objection To Declassification 2008/06/13 NLN-NSC FILES-592-3-11-4
DEPARTMENT
OF
STATE
WH
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
SECRET 799
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00145 211630Z
2
51
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 1026 W
060797
PPR 211535Z JAN 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 5574
AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
USMISSION USUN
INFO AMEMBASSY LONDON
USMISSION NATO
S E C R E T NICOSIA 145
EXDIS/NOFORN
FOR ASSISTANT SECRETARY SISCO FROM POPPER
SUBJECT: CYPRUS: NEED FOR PROGRESS ON DECONFRONTATION
1. I THINK YOUR PROPOSAL FOR A NEW PITCH ON DECONFRONTATION
COMES AT A PROPITIOUS TIME AND THAT IT WILL BE HELPFUL TO BROACH
IT TO PARTIES IN NEAR FUTURE.
2. I WOULD, HOWEVER, JUSTIFY THE PROPOSAL ON GROUNDS SOMEWHAT
DIFFERENT FROM THOSE YOU HAVE CITED. INCREASED TENSION IN CYPRUS
TODAY IS DUE LESS TO INTERCOMMUNAL CONFLICT AND DIFFERENCES THAN
TO CLANDESTINE ACTIVITY WITHIN GREEK CYPRIOT COMMUNITY ITSELF
RECENT GREEN LINE SHOOTING HAS AGAIN DEMONSTRATED WHAT AUG 1970
TRILOMO INCIDENT INDICATED - - THAT EACH COMMUNITY,
ACTING UNDER MAINLAND PATRON'S GUIDANCE, CAN CONFINE AND CONTROL
INCIDENTS WHEN THEY OCCUR, IF IT
WISHES TO DO SO. UNFICYP IS AN IMPORTANT ADJUNCT
OF THE PROCESS. AS I SEE IT, YOUR PROPOSAL IS PARTICULARLY USEFUL
NOW BECUASE IT WOULD COME AT A TIME WHEN ALL PARTIES ARE
CASTING ABOUT FOR SOME SUGGESTIONS OR STEPS WHICH WOULD
SERVE THEM AS ALTERNATIVES TO FLATLY NEGATIVE CONFRONTATION
WHEN NEW INTERCOMMUNAL TALKS GET UNDERWAY. APPARENTLY
WITH THIS OBJECTIVE, BOTH SIDES ARE TALKING IN TERMS OF DE-
CONFRONTATION, NORMALIZATION "FREEZE", OR MODUS VIVENDI
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE ORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT
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UNITED STATES OF HOMELAND
TELEGRAM
EXPIS EXCESS
SECRET
PAGE 02 NICOSI 00145 211630Z
AS SUBJECTS FOR EARLY DISCUSSION.
3. THUS, DENKTASH HAS HINTED AT THE POSSIBILITY OF REPLACING
FIGHTERS BY POLICE ON GREEN LINE (NICOSIA 1321. MAKARIOS
IS LOOKING TOWARD DEMILITARIZATION WHICH WOULD END WITH
DISBANDMENT OF ON-ISLAND MILITARY FORCES (NICOSIA 2228
AND 1371. AND WITHIN THE LAST FEW DAYS GENERAL HARALAMBOPOULOS
GREEK NATIONAL GUARD COMMANDER, MUSED TO UNFICYP ACTING
CHIEF OF STAFF THORNTON THAT HE WONDERED HOW UNFICYP
WOULD VIEW A UNILATERAL VOLUNTARY PULL-BACK BY NATIONAL
GUARD FORCES TO THEIR CAMPS THROUGHOUT THE ISLAND, ADDING
THAT HE MIGHT BE WILLING TO CONSIDER THIS. (PREDICTABLY,
INDICATION THAT HARALAMBOPOULOS HAS RAISED MATTER WITH
CYPRUS GOVERNMENT. WE WONDER WHETHER HE HAS
DISCUSSED IT WITH GOG DURING HIS RECENT SHUTTLE TRIPS
TO ATHENS.)
4.0 IT IS IMPORTANT TO RECOGNIZE THAT EACH PARTY APPROACHES
DECONFRONTATION ON A BASIS STRONGLY TILTED AGAINST THE
OTHER SIDE. MAKARIOS LINKS IT TO WITHDRAWAL OF MAINLAND
CONTINGENTS THUS INCREASING FREEDOM OF GREEK CYPRIOT
MAJORITY TO DEAL WITH TURK CYPRIOT MINORITY ON ITS OWN o
DENKTASH THINKS OF IT IN CONNECTION WITH FINANCIAL ADVANTAGES
TO TURK CYPRIOTS. IT IS POSSIBLE THAT MAINLAND GREEK
OFFICERS ARE TOYING WITH IT IN TERMS OF FUTURE MOVES
BY ENOSIS-DOUBLE ENOSIS GROUPS. IN SHORT, WHEN BOTH SIDES
ARE PRESENTED WITH A BALANCED AND COMPREHENSIVE FORMULA,
THE ODDS ARE THAT THEY WILL BOGGLE AT IT RATHER THAN AGREE.
NEVERTHELESS, AS INDICATED ABOVE, I THINK THE TIME IS RIGHT
TO MAKE A REAL TRY.
5. I BELIEVE THE FORMULA CONTAINED IN YOUR TELEGRAM IS EQUITABLY
BALANCED. I WOULD SUGGEST THAT FORMULA BE MADE MORE SPECIFIC
WITH RESPECT TO HOW FAR BACK TURK CYPRIOT FIGHTERS MOVE.
IN ENCLAVES THIS SHOULD BE A MEANINFGUL DISTANCE, THOUGH IN AN
AREA LIKE ARTEMIS ROAD, LARNACA, IT WOULD HAVE TO BE LESS.
UNFICYP WOULD MONITOR AND SUPERVISE RATHER THAN GUARANTEE
EXECUTION, AND IT WOULD HAVE TO BE UNDERSTOOD THAT IF EITHER
SIDE TOOK ADVANTAGE OF SITUATION TO CHANGE TERRITORIAL STATUS QUO,
THE OTHER WOULD BE AUTOMATICALLY FREED FROM ALL DECON-
FRONTATION RESTRICTIONS AND GUARANTOR POWERS AND/OR UN
SECURITY COUNCIL) WOULD AFFORD FULL SUPPORT TO RESTORE
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED
'ITHOUT
w1
THE
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THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
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PAGE 03 NICOSI 00145 211630Z
STATUS QUO ANTE.
6. I FULLY AGREE THAT A PROPOSAL OF THIS CHARACTER WOULD
BE MORE EFFECTIVE IF IT WERE MADE BY THE UN AND
SUPPORTED BY OTHERS. BUT RATHER THAN RAISE IT IN NEW
YORK AND NICOSIA SIMULTANEOUSLY, I SUGGEST THAT IT MIGHT BE
BETTER IF THE PROPOSAL WERE WORKED OUT IN NEW YORK WITH GUYER
ALONE AND IF THEN GUYER BROUGHT IT WITH HIM AS HE WENT
ROUND THE NICOSIA-ATHENS-ANKARA CIRCUIT. DEPENDING ON
INITIAL REACTIONS, OSORIO COULD THEN UNVEIL BEST POSSIBLE
OFFICIAL PROPOSAL AT EARLY STATE IN RESUMED TALKS. GP=3
POPPER
EXPIR
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION WL OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
*
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF MEMBER
TELEGRAM
: W N
SECRET 522
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00127 201325Z
51
ACTION SS-25
SITUATION ROOM 160258
WHITE HOUSE
INFO OCT-01 /026 W
JAN 20 22
R 201250Z JAN 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 5564
AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
INFO AMEMBASSY LONDON
AMCONSUL ISTANBUL
USMISSION NATO
SECRE T NICOSIA 127
EXDIS
DEPT PLEASE PASS TO SECDEF, JCS WASHDC' SHAPE, USCINCEUR
AND USDOCOSOUTH
SUBJECT CYPRUS: TURKISH CONCERN RE F-4S: FOR GREECE.
REF: ATHENS 0287
1. I APPRECIATE EMBASSY ANKARA'S THOUGHTFULNESS IN REPEATING
TO NICOSIA ITS 7823 AND 003. IF WE HAD BEEN INFORMEDI OFI F-4
DEAL IN NOVEMBER, WE WOULD HAVE MADE OUR COMMENT AND RAISED
OUR QUESTIONS AT THAT TIME. AS THESE QUESTIONS INDICATE, WHAT
WE ARE TRYING TO DO IS TO CLARIFY, FOR OUR OWN BACKGROUND, RATIONALE
FOR F-4 PURCHASE IF IT OCCURS. IF WE AREI TOLD THAT WE WILLI JUST
HAVE TO LIVE WITH THE REVERBERATIONS IN CYPRUS, SO BE IT.
2. PARAGRAPH ONE B OF REFTEL AND ANKARA TELS SEEM TO
CONFIRM OUR POINT THAT SUPPLY OF F-4S LIKELY TO CHANGE
MILITARY SITUATION. IN SPECIFIC GREEK- TURKISH TERMS IT
IS CERTAINLY TRUE AS ATHENS STATES THAT BALANCE WOULD BECOME
MORE EVEN. OVERALL, HOWEVER, WE BELIEVE TURKS ARE TODAY
RESTRAINED FROM VENTURESOME MILITARY POLICY LESS BY
GREEK FORCES THAN BY SOVIET DETERRENT AND PRESUMED US,
NATO AND NON-ALIGNED REACTION. KNOWLEDGE THAT GREEK
FORCES WERE TO BE STRENGTHENED IN NEXT FEW YEARS MIGHT
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE SAUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
OF STATE
BODNCED
Department of State
EXECUTIVE
SECKELYBA
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
10 BE И иехі EEM AETHE WIGH1
BEYCLION* КИОМГЕОВЕ THAT GBEEK
GBEEK EOBCEB ДНУЙ BA 20A1E1 YND
EXPIS EXPIC EXBIC
BESTBVINED EBOW ЛЕИДПВЕЗОНЕ WI SECRET rees BA
WOBE ЕЛЕЙ» ОЛЕВУГГЪ ME ВЕГӀЕЛЕ VBE TODAY.
PAGE 02 NICOSI 00127 201325Z 1E8 VMCF MOOΓO BECOWE
11
СОИЕТВЫ
LEAD TURKS TO CONCLUDE THEY HAD BETTER TAKE RISKS NOW THAN
WAIT. THAT IS THE POINT WE WANTED TO MAKE, AS WE AREI
GLAD TO NOTE THAT EMBASSY ANKARA HAD ALREADY ADDRESSED
ITSELF TO IT. GP-3. 11 occnse. In ME VISE 10ΓP ME MIΓΓI
POPPER LO DO 18 10
NOTE BY OC/T: NOT PASSED ABOVE ADDRESSEES. MHV1
10 MICORIV 112 1853 VID It ME
1. I V668ECIV1E ENOVESA IM BELEVIING
BEE! VAHENS 8581
ENBNECT: сльнов» СОИСЕВИ BE
VND перосогольн
DEBI ЬГЕУВЕ bvee 10 BECDEE nce ПВСТИСЕЛЬ
EXPIE
BECKEL MICORIV 151
nawiselon ИМАИ
VWCOMBNE 121УИВОГ
INEO VNENBYBEA ГОИДОЙ
уднеие
VWENBY88A УИКУБУ
10 BECELVIE MYBHDC 222*
MICORIV
is 5015205 7VH 15
INKO OC1-01 1850 M
VC110M 22-52
at
БУСЕ GT MICORI 5013525
МООЯ MOITAUTIS
MHILE HONSE
iss iss:a 2 119 OS MAL
SECKEL
mp
Department
LETECKVW
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT
OF
STATE
4
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
WN
SECRET
269
POSS DUPE
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00081 141335Z
51
ACTION SS-25
INFO OCT-01 /026 W
0066
SITUATION ROOM
WHITE HOUSE
'72 2 JAN PM 11:
R 141245Z JAN 72
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 5537
INFO AMEMBASSY ATHENS
AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY LONDON
AMCONSUL ISTANBUL
USMISSION NATO
SECDEF
JCS WASHDC
USCINCEUR
USDOCOSOUTH
S EC R E T NICOSIA 081
EXDIS
SUBJECT: CYPRUS - TURKISH CONCERN RE F-4'S FOR GREECE
REF: STATE 3022, 1186
1. SUMMARY: GREEK PURCHASE OF F-4'S WOULD CHANGE
BALANCE AND HAVE DESTABILIZING EFFECT ON PROSPECTS FOR SETTLE-
MENT OF CYPRUS PROBLEM. INFO REQUESTED ON STATUS OF MATTER,
AND UPDATING OF AMBASSADOR'S BRIEFING SUGGESTED ON CYPRUS
DEVELOPMENTS AND NATO DEFENSE.
2. WHILE EXCEPT FOR REFTELS WE ARE WITHOUT BACKGROUND INFO
ON POSSIBLE MAP SALE OF F-4'S TO GREECE, IT SEEMS PROBABLE TO
ME THAT THIS ISSUE WILL CREATE ADDITIONAL DIFFICULTIES IN
EXCE
CONNECTION WITH CYPRUS PROBLEM FOR SOME TIME TO COME. EVEN
POSSIBILITY OF A SALE EVIDENTLY WORRIES TURKS. IF NEWS SHOULD
GET ABOUT THAT GREECE WERE ACQUIRING AIRCRAFT WHICH COULD
OPERATE OVER OR NEAR CYPRUS FOR ATTACK OR INTERCEPTION, THE
PSYCHOLOGICAL IF NOT MILITARY BALANCE IN CYPRUS WOULD BE
APPRECIABLY CHANGED. IN OUR OPINION THE EFFECT WOULD BE
DESTABILIZING.
30 WE RECOGNIZE THAT THERE ARE BROADER AND PERHAPS MORE
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE JTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
4
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
SECRET
PAGE 02 NICOSI 00081 141335Z
IMPORTANT FACTORS UNDERLYING GREEK PREPARATIONS TO ACQUIRE
-
MORE MODERN AIRCRAFT AND THAT THERE WOULD PRESUMABLY BE RE-
STRICTIONS ON USE OF F-4'S. THIS WILL NOT MATERIALLY AFFECT
CYPRUS ASPECT OF MATTER. IN THEIR CYPRO-CENTRIC WAY, THOSE
CONCERNED WITH THIS PROBLEM WILL BE CAPABLE OF ASSUMING ONLY
THE WORST AND OF PLANNING ACCORDINGLY.
40 WE DEDUCE FROM REFTELS THAT GREEKS ARE SERIOUSLY CONTEM-
PLATING PURCHASE OF MIRAGES IF F-4'S NOT AVAILABLE. WE WOULD
BE INTERESTED IN USG ESTIMATE OF EXTENT TO WHICH CYPRUS PROBLEM
IS MOTIVATING GREEKS IN THIS MATTER. FOR OUR OWN GENERAL INFO
IN CONNECTION WITH FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS, WOULD BE HELPFUL IF WE
COULD ALSO HAVE ANSWERS TO FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:
A # IS IT NATO REQUIREMENTS OR FORCE GOALS WHICH ARE
RESPONSIBLE FOR GREEK DESIRE TO BUY PLANES? DO THEY CALL FOR
LONGER-RANGE CRAFT? IF SO, WHY? OR IS IT A MATTER OF
SOPHISTICATION?
EXCES
B. CAN F-4'S BE CONFIGURED TO PERMIT EFFECTIVE OPERATION
OVER OR AROUND CYPRUS? CAN MIRAGES?
C . CAN TURKS MAKE CASE THAT THEY HAVE EQUAL REQUIREMENT
FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE, LONG-RANGE PLANES?
D. WOULD COMPARABLE OFFER OF PLANES OR OTHER MODERN
EQUIPMENT TO TURKS HELP DEFUSE THEIR APPREHENSIONS?
E . OVER WHAT TIME FRAME DOES DEPT FORESEE THIS PROBLEM
EVOLVING?
5. WE ASSUME IT IS JUST NOT IN THE CARDS TO IMAGINE FRENCH COULD
BE BROUGHT AROUND TO WITHHOLDING MIRAGES IF WE DID SAME FOR
EXCES
F-4'S. OR PERHAPS IF THEY DID, GREEKS WOULD SIMPLY LOOK
TO OTHER SUPPLIERS, MUCH LESS PALATABLE.
UTI2
60 SINCE 1970 I HAVE NOT HAD OPPORTUNITY TO UPDATE MY INFO OR
EXCHANGE VIEWS WITH U.S. COMMANDERS ON RELATIONSHIP OF CYPRUS
DEVELOPMENTS TO NATO DEFENSE. IF DEPT AND COMMANDS AGREE, I
WOULD LIKE TO VISIT APPROPRIATE HEADQUARTERS IN EUROPE FOR THIS
PURPOSE DURING THE SPRING.
POPPER
NOTE BY OC/T: EXDIS CAPTION ADDED PER S/S-O - MR. CHRISTIANSEN.
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED THOUT THE 21 AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
LEI/E0/ebC
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
No Objection To Declassification 2009/01/22 : NLN-NSC FILES-592-3-13-2
CUNF IDENTIAL
RECEIVED
WHCA
CONFIDENTIAL
HCE790
PAGE 01 NICOSI 01935 291158Z
1971 OCT 29 12 17
44
ACTION INR-06
Sommenfildt
INFO OCT-01 NEA-09 SSO-00 NSCE-00 CC0-00 INRE-00 SS-14 HAK'D
PM-06 SR-02 ORM-03 SCA-01 VO-03 CIAE-00 NSAE-00
DODE-00 EUR- 14 RSR-01 RSC-01 /061 W
106165
OR 291110Z OCT 71
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 5320
INFO AMEMBASSY LONDON
AMEMBASSY PRAGUE
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
USMISSION GENEVA
CONFIDENTIAL NICOSIA 1935
SUBJECT: CZECH REFUGEE PETER CHMELAR PPI 5010290, DPOB:
JUNE 24, 1943, GOTTWALDOV, CZECHOSLAVAKIA
REF: NICOSIA 1931 (NOTAL)
25X1
1. SUBJECT ARRIVED NICOSIA EVENING OCTOBER 28 EN ROUTE
BAGHDAD. CONTACTED EMBASSY MORNING OCTOBER 29 TO SEEK REFUGEE
STATUS ENTER US TO JOIN WIFE ANNA CHMELAR, NEE WOZNIAK. WIFE
ENTER US 13 MONTHS AGO ON TOUR IST VISA AND PRESENTLY RESIDES
416 B WEST WORTHINGTON, CHARLOTTE, NORTH CAROLINA. CHMELAR
IS PRESENTLY IN EMBASSY AND DESIRES PROCEED SOONEST TO LONDON
WHERE HE WILL APPLY FOR US IMMIGRANT VISA.
2. CZECH CHARGE CALLED ON FOREIGN MINISTRY EARLY MORNING
OCT 29 IN ATTEMPT TO OBTAIN CUSTODY OF SUBJECT. CHMELAR CLAIMS
CZECH "SECRET POLICE" MADE ATTEMPT FORCE HIM BACK ON PLANE AT
NICOSIA AIRPORT LAST NIGHT.
3. CHMELAR SERVED CZECH ARMY SEPTEMBER 70 - AUGUST 71, 2ND
LIEUTENANT. HE LS ALSO CANDIDATE MEMBER CZECH COMMUNIST PARTY
CONFIDENTIAL
State Dept. review completed
No Objection To Declassification 2009/01/22 : NLN-NSC FILES-592-3-13-2
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
No Objection To Declassification 2009/01/22 : NLN-NSC FILES-592-3-13-2
C
IDENTIAL
PAGE 02 NICOSI 01935 291158Z
SINCE MAY 71. HE CLAIMS THIS MEMBERSHIP INVOLUNTARY AND SAYS
HE APPLIED SOLELY TO OBTAIN PERMISSION LEAVE CZECHOSLTVAKIA
WITH INTENTION DEFECTING AT FIRST OPPORTUNITY.
4. AT GOC REQUEST, CHMELAR SUBMITTED WRITTEN APPLICATION FOR
TEMPORARY STAY IN CYPRUS AS POLITICAL REFUGEE. THIS APPLICATION
HAS BEEN APPROVED AND HE HAS PERMISSION REMAIN CYPRUS UNTIL
NOVEMBER 2. WE UNDERSTAND THIS CAN BE EXTENDED.
5. WITHIN NEST FEW DAYS, CHMELAR WANTS TO GO TO UK WHERE HE
FEELS HE CAN OBTAIN EMPLOYMENT WHILE WAITING FOR US IMMIGRANT
VISA.
S. PENDING FURTHER CLARIFICATION HIS STATUS, WE ARE CHECKING
WITH BRITISH AS TO HIS ELIGIBILITY TO ENTER UK AND ARRANGING
FOR HIS HOTEL ACCOMMODATION CLOSE TO EMBASSY. GOC DIRECTOR OF
IMMIGRATION HAS ASSURED US OF HIS PROTECTION.
7. ADVISE BY IMMEDIATE TEL WHETHER DEPT HAS ANY PROBLEM WITH OUR PRO-
CEDURE OR ANY FURTHER SUGGESTIONS.
3. REQUEST DEPT SEEK CONFIRM CHMELAR'S STATEMENT AS TO WIFE'S
STATUS (PARA 1).
POPPER
CONFIDENTIAL
CONFIDENTIAL
No Objection To Declassification 2009/01/22 : NLN-NSC FILES-592-3-13-2
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
WH
EXCES
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
SECRET 533
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00412 170618Z
11
ACTION SS-45
INFO OCT-01 1046 W
R 170600Z MAR 71
SITUATIONSOM WHITE HOUSE *63498
'71 MAR 1/m 2 17 AM 8:20
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 4517
SECRET NICOSIA 412
EXDIS
SUBJECT: ORTHODOX PATRIARCHATE
REF: ATHENS 1143
1. OUR PAROCHIAL CONCERN REGARDING ISSUE OF PATRIARCHAL
EXCES
SUCCESSION IS THAT IT NOT CAUSE NEW FRICTION BETWEEN
GREECE AND TURKEY THAT WOULD SPILL OVER TO AFFECT THEIR
FRAGILE UNDERSTANDING ON HANDLING OF VERY TOUCHY CYPRUS
PROBLEM. AS WE SEE IT, BEST ROLE FOR USG IS TO CONVEY
IN NON- INTRUSIVE MANNER HOPE THAT THIS IS SOMETHING OUR
TWO FRIENDS CAN WORK OUT AMICABLE BETWEEN THEMSELVES.
WE FEEL USG ROLE GOING BEYOND THIS LIKELY BE COUNTER.
PRODUCTIVE AND THEREFORE UNDESIRABLE.
2. DEPT PLEASE PASS ANKARA, ATHENS' ISTANBUL, MOSCOW.
GP-3
POPPER
NOTE BY OC/T: NOT PASSED ABOVE ADDRESSEES.
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THEAREHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
7
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
EXE™
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
SECRET 219
PAGE 01 NICOSI 02194 241013Z
19
ACTION SS-45
INFO OCT-01 SSO-00 1046 W
002775
'70 DEC 24 PM 24
SITUATION ROOM
WHITE HOUSE
PI 240940Z DEC 70
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 4308
S: ERCOR ET NICOSIA 2194
EXDIS:
SUBJECT: JARRING TALKS
REF : STATE 208217
1. DEPT PLEASE PASS AMMAN, CAIRO, BEIRUT, LONDON, MOSCOW,
PARIS, TEL AVIV, USUN.
2. AS DEPT KNOWS, CYPRUS GOVT HAS IN PAST EXPRESSED POSITIVE
INTEREST IN HAVING JARRING NEGOTIATIONS RESUME IN CYPRUS.
THIS WAS REITERATED BY FONOFF DIRECTOR VENIAMIN IN CONVER-
EXCES EXCES
SATION WITH DCM (MEMCON POUCHED NEA/CYP) AS RECENTLY AS
DEC ONE. ON THAT OCCASION, VENIAMIN SAID HIS GOVT HAD
FORMALLY OFFERED CYPRUS AS A SITE IN MESSAGE TO JARRING
AND THE GOVERNMENTS CONVERNED. REPLIES HAD BEEN POSITIVE
EXCEPT FROM JORDAN WHICH HAS NO DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATION ON
CYPRUS AT PRESENT. CYPRUS HAD REPLIED OFFERING TO ACCEPT
A JORDANIAN DIPLOMATIC MISSION OR EVEN AN "OFFICE" IF THAT
WOULD HELP. VENIAMIN POINTED OUT THAT CYPRUS OFFERED GREAT
ADVANTAGES AS A MEETING PLACE IN THAT REPRESENTATIVES COULD
FLY HOME AND BACK WITH EASE AND MINIMUM WASTE OF TIME, ETC.
3. PLUS FACTORS FOR A CYPRUS VENUE REMAIN IN OUR VIEW AS
EXPRESSED NICOSIA 1280 (NOTAL). GP - 3
POPPER
NOTE BY OC/T: NOT PASSED ABOVE ADDRESSEES.
SECRET
6
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
*
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF THE
TELEGRAM
SECRET 727
PAGE 01 NICOSI 01218 1711072
02
12
ACTION SS-45
INFO OCT-01 /046 W
101449
R171155ZJUL70
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 3744
SECR ET NICOSIA 1218
EXDIS
NICOSIA 1216 WAS INTENDED AS COMMENT ON ATHENS 3759
AS WELL AS OTHER REFTELS AND SHOULD BE READ IN THIS CONTEX
DEPT PLEASE INFORM ATHENS.
POPPER
'70 17 PM 12:38
UA ROOM
EXCES EXCES
38
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPART
No Objection STATE To Declassification 2008/09/05 NLN-NSC FILES-592-3-17-8
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF HEREBY
TELEGRAM
EXE™ EXCES
SECRET 339
PAGE 01 NICOSI 01464 2612172
51
ACTION SS-45
INFO OCT-01 /046 W
103766
R 261045Z AUG 70
97
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 3900
S ECRET NICOSIA 1464
EXDIS
State Dept. review completed
NOFORN
SUBJECT: CYPRUS: MAKARIOS RELATIONS WITH GREEK GOVT
i. WHEN I SAW GREEK AMB ALEXANDRAKIS AUG 24, HE TOLD
ME VERY CONFIDENTIALLY THAT GREEK GOVT WAS IRKED BY
DIFFICULTY IT HAD EXPERIENCED IN GETTING MAKARIOS TO
PUT FORTH DEFINITE VIEWS AS TO WHAT HE WANTED TO OBTAIN OUT
OF INTERCOMMUNAL TALKS IN NEXT ROUND. ALEXANDRAKIS IMPLIED
GREEK GOVT STRONGLY WANTED A SETTLEMENT, BUT FOUND MAKARIOS:
RELUCTANT TO MAKE NECESSARY COMPROMISES.
20 DURING MY MEETING WITH MAKARIOS AUG 25, ARCHBISHOP
PUT THE SHOE ON THE OTHER FOOT. HE SAID HE WAS SENDING HIS
MEMORANDUM ON AN INTERCOMMUNAL PACKAGE DEAL TO THE GREEK
GOVT AND THAT WHEN HE TALKED IN ATHENS IN SEPTEMBER HE
HOPED THAT HE WOULD RECEIVE DEFINITE GREEK VIEWS ON AN INTER-
COMMUNAL SETTLEMENT. HE SOMETIMES WONDERED WHETHER
THERE WAS ONE GREEK GOVT POLICY OR TWO. OFFICIALLY,
HE WAS URGED TO BE FORTHCOMING IN SEARCH FOR A. SETTLEMENT,
BUT UNOFFICIALLY HE WAS SOMETIMES REBUKED FOR COMPROMISING
TOO MUCH AND FOR NOT PRESSING HARD ENOUGH FOR ENOSIS. HE WAS
SIMILARLY SQUEEZED BY BOTH SIDES IN CYPRUS.
30 I SAID I RECOGNIZED HIS PROBLEM, WHICH WAS ONE NOT UNCOMMONLY
FACED BY STATESMEN, BUT THAT I KNEW HE WOULD DEAL WITH IT IN
A RESPONSIBLE WAY. HE KNEW OUR FEELING: WE UNDERSTOOD THE
EMOTIONAL ATTRACTIVENESS OF ENOSIS AS AN IDEA, BUT LIKE HIM
WE WERE CONVINCED THAT THE ONLY PRACTICABLE FUTURE FOR
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has, been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
No Objection To Declassification 2008/09/05 NLN-NSC FILES-592-3-17-8
No Objection To Declassification 2008/09/05 : NLN-NSC FILES-592-3-17-8
DEPART
STATE
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
SECRET
PAGE 02 NICOSI 01464 261217Z
CYPRUS LAY IN INDEPENDENCE WITH HARMONIOUS INTERCOMMUNAL
EXCES EXPIS EXPIS EXPIR
RELATIONS.
40 COMMENT: IT IS UNUSUAL FOR ARCHBISHOP TO REVEAL
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN HIMSELF AND ATHENS
25X1
INDICATE SUCH DIFFERENCES EXIST. REMARKS
MADE BY ALEXANDRAKIS AND MAKARIOS FORESHADOW SOME FAIRLY
TOUGH TALK WHEN ATHENS MEETING OCCURS.
25X1
5 :- DEPT PASS ATHENS. GP-4.
POPPER
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCE
ITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION
THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Libra
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
No Objection To Declassification 2008/09/05 NLN-NSC FILES-592-3-17-8
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
CONFIDENTIAL 754
PAGE 01 NICOSI 01678 241200Z
2
54
ACTION SS-45
INFO OCT-01 1046 W
EXATE
P 2410402 SEP 70
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO AMEMBASSY ROME PRIORITY
INFO AMCONSUL NAPLES PRIORITY
SECSTATE WASHDC 4041
SIGNATION ROOM 056198 HITE HOUSE HOUSE
70 SEP 24 PM 7:06
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
CONFIDENTIAL NICOSIA 1678
EXDIS
REF : ROME 52091 STATE 156214
1 - DELIGHTED ATTEND SUBJECT MEETING. WILL BEI TRAVELLING ALONE.
2. WILL ARRIVE ROME SEPT 29 VIA ATHENS ON AZ 481 DUEI 1610.
THIS IS ONLY SEPT 29 CONNECTION FROM NICOSIA. AM REQUESTING
ROME-NAPLES AZ 182 LEAVING ROME 1755. IS THIS BEST CONNECTION?
PLEASE RESERVE ACCOMDATIONS NAPLES NIGHT SEPT 29.
30 I PLAN RETURN NAPLES-ROME AZ 246 SEPT 30 AT 1555°
PLEASE RESERVE SINGLE ROME NIGHT SEPT 30. WILLILEAVE ROME
FOR ATHENS AND NICOSIA OA 406, 0930 OCTOBER 1.
POPPER
NOTE: EXDIS CAPTION ADDED PER SSO MR. MC GAFFEY 9/24/70.
CONFIDENTIAL
29
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Ed
*
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
CONFIDENTIAL 307
PAGE 01 NICOSI 01068 251307Z
52
ACTION NEA-15
INFO OCT-01 10-13 CPR-02 PM-05 H-02 NSC-10 0-03 OPR-02
P-03 RSC-01 SS-20 SY-03 USIA-12 PRS-01 CIAE-00 INR-07
NSAE-00 DODE-00 RSR-01 /101 W
091588
R 251250Z JUN 70
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 3658
CONFIDENTIA L NICOSIA 1068
SUBJECT: CYPRUS: MAKARIOS' VISIT TO US
REF: STATE 100271
I TOLD FONMIN JUNE 24 MAKARIOS REQUEST TO MEET WITH
PRESIDENT NIXON WAS UNDER ACTIVE CONSIDERATION IN WASH-
INTON. AM SEEING MAKARIOS JULY 2. WOULD BE VERY HELPFUL
TO US HERE IF I COULD PASS ON TO HIM AT THAT TIME SOME
INDICATION RE SYMPATHETIC TREATMENT HIS REQUEST.
GP-3
POPPER
CONFIDENTIAL
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
CONFIDENTIAL 575
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00577 101549Z
41
ACTION SS-45
INFO OCT-01 1046 W
049411
PR 101510Z APR 70
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
'70 APR 10 PM 2:49 49
SITUAL TION ROOM
WHITE HOUSE WHIT
TO USINT CAIRO PRIORITY
INFO SECSTATE WASHDC 3410
CONFIDENTIAL NICOSIA 577
EXDIS
FOR ASSISTANT SECRETARY SISCO
SUBJECT: PRESS ASPECTS YOUR CYPRUS VISIT
1 . LOCAL PRESS CARRYING FRONT-PAGE REPORTS YOUR IMPENDING
VISIT CYPRUS ALTHOUGH DATE NOT PUBLIC. WE HAVE ISSUED
PRESS RELEASE INCORPORATING WIRELESS BULLETIN APRIL 8
MEF 61 WITH ADDITION OF FOLLOWING PARA: "MR. SISCO WILL
SPEND A FEW HOURS IN CYPRUS AND MAY HAVE TALKS WITH OFF-
ICIALS HERE. HE IS BRINGING WITH HIM NO PLANS, NO NEW
PROPOSALS FOR CYPRUS. HE IS SIMPLY TAKING ADVANTAGE OF HIS
MIDDLE-EAST TOUR TO MAKE THIS BRIEF STOP IN CYPRUS FOR
ORIENTATION."
2. IF YOU AGREE I WOULD SUGGEST YOU PROPITIATE PRESS BY
MAKING VERY BRIEF ARRIVAL STATEMENT AT AIRPORT. EXCEPT FOR
THIS, WE WOULD INFORM PRESS GROUND RULES ARE NOT QUESTIONS
WILL BE ANSWERED AND NO OTHER STATEMENT MADE. ARRIVAL
EXC-0
STATEMENT ALONG FOLLOWING LINES WOULD DO VERY NICELY:
"I AM DELIGHTED THAT MY CURRENT ORIENTATION TRIP IN THIS
AREA GIVES ME THE CHANCE TO RETURN TO YOUR BEAUTIFUL ISLAND.
ALTHOUGH MY STAY WILL BE MUCH SHORTER THAN I WOULD WISH,
I LOOK FORWARD TO RENEWING CONTACT WITH HIS BEATITUDE PRES-
IDENT MAKARIOS AND WITH THE VICE PRESIDENT. THESE CONTACTS
WILL ENABLE ME TO OBTAIN FRESH INFORMATION ON THE CURRENT
SITUATION IN CYPRUS, AND ON PROSPECTS FOR PROGRESS IN THE
TALKS BETWEEN MR. CLERIDES AND MR. DENKTASH TO WHICH WE
ATTACH so MUCH IMPORTANCE. IT REMAINS THE FIRM VIEW OF MY
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
CONFIDENTIAL
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
OF STATE
*
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TELEGRAM
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PAGE 02 NICOSI 00577 101549Z
GOVERNMENT THAT THESE TALKS OFFER CYPRIOTS THE BEST MEANS
OF OBTAINING A PEACEFUL SETTLEMENT OF THE CYPRUS PROBLEM--
A SETTLEMENT SO MUCH TO BE DESIRED IN THIS ISLAND AFTER
ITS YEARS OF STRIFE.'
3. MAY WE LET PRESS KNOW YOU WILL BE MAKING BRIEF ARRIVAL
STATEMENT BUT NOT OTHERWISE TALKING TO PRESS?
4. IF TIME PERMITS, PLAN TO HAVE YOU MEET FOR 10 OR 15
MINUTES WITH COUNTRY TEAM FOLLOWING CALLS ON MAKARIOS AND
KUCHUK AND BEFORE GOING UPSTAIRS FOR PRIVATE LUNCHEON.
GP-4.
POPPER
EXCES
10 VBB 10 60 S:Ha
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION O THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
CONFIDENTIAL
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
991/20/ebs
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF
STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AUGUST
TELEGRAM
CONFIDENTIAL 063
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00522 031438Z
42
2
ACTION SS-45
INFO OCT-01 1046 W
004282
R 031410Z APR 70
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 3377
CONFIDENTIA L NICOSIA 522
EXDIS
'70 APR 3 PM 18
SITUATION ROOM
WHITE HOUSE
SUBJECT: SISCO ORIENTATION TRIP
REF: STATE 48525
10 DELIGHTED YOU WILL HAVE OPPORTUNITY TO STOP
IN NICOSIA PRIOR TO CHIEFS OF MISSION CONFERENCE.
I LOOK FORWARD TO HAVING YOU TO LUNCH APRIL 14.
2. YOUR SCHEDULED ARRIVAL AND DEPARTURE TIMES
NICOSIA CONFIRMED. TIME IN NICOSIA TOO SHORT
TO MAKE ADVANCE PLANNING FOR OFFICIAL MEETINGS
WITH CYPRIOTS ADVISABLE. ARRIVAL TIME OF CAIRO
PLANE IS UNRELIABLE, AND EL AL SECURITY OFFICIALS
REQUIRE ALL PASSENGERS TO BE AT AIRPORT WELL
BEFORE DEPARTURE: ALSO, FOR SECURITY REASONS,
THEY HAVE HABIT OF ALTERING DEPARTURE TIME AT
LAST MINUTE. IN ADDITION TO TIMING UNCERTAINTIES,
WE WOULD HAVE PROTOCOL PROBLEMS WITH YOUR CALLS
ON GREEK CYPRIOT OFFICIALS AS WELL AS WITH QUESTION
OF BALANCING SUCH CALLS WITH VISITS TO TURK CYPRIOT
SIDE.
3. IF IT MEETS WITH YOUR APPROVAL, THEREFORE, I
WOULD LIKE TO SETTLE DEFINITELY ON LUNCH AT RESIDENCE
WITH MEMBERS OF OFFICIAL FAMILY. IN ADDITION, I WOULD
INFORM CLERIDES AND DENKTASH OF YOUR ARRIVAL AND,
IF TIME PERMITS, TRY TO ARRANGE FOR YOU TO DROP IN
ON EACH OF THEM INFORMALLY FOR BRIEF CHAT.
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
CONFIDENTIAL
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
OF STATE
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#
Department of State
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TELEGRAM
STATES OF
CONFIDENTIAL
EXCES EXALS EXPIS
PAGE 02 NICOSI 00522 031438Z
4. THOUGH BREVITY OF YOUR STAY WILL TEND TO DISCOURAGE
FAR-OUT PRESS SPECULATION, YOU WILL STILL ATTRACT MUCH
ATTENTION AS HIGHEST RANKING US OFFICIAL TO VISIT CYPRUS
SINCE VANCE WAS HERE IN 1967. PRESS ANNOUNCE-
MENT SHORTLY BEFORE YOU LEAVE US SETTING CYPRUS TRANSIT
STOP IN FRAMEWORK OF ENTIRE TRIP WILL BE HELPFUL.
GP - 4
POPPER
.10 VbB bh 4:18
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
CONFIDENTIAL
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
L91/20/ebs
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DIPARTMENT AUHOR OF STATE
#
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
SECRET 425
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00305 0411267
17-S
ACTION NEA 15
INFO IO 13 CIAE 00,DODE 00, JPM 04,H 02,INR 07,L NSAE 00, NSC 10,
P 04,RSC 01 SP 02,SS USIA 12, EUR 15AF 12, ACDA 16.SR 01,
ORM 03, MC 01,RSR 01./142 W
101618
R 0409402 MAR 69
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 2373
INFO AMEMBASSY PARIS
AMEMBASSY TEL AVIV
USMISSION USUN NEW YORK
SECRE T NICOSIA 305
DEPT PASS CAIRO AS NICOSIA 30
REF: STATE 32959
FROM BERGUS
T. UNABLE CONFIRM FROM HERE WHETHER SULZBERGER INTERVIEW WAS FIRST
OCCASION NASSER PUBLICLY USED TERM "LASTING PEACE." USE OF TERM DOES
NOT SURPRISE ME HOWEVER. GUAR LEADERSHIP HAS TRIED PERSUADE SKEP-
TICAL US AND OTHER GOVERNMENTS FOR OVER A YEAR THAT IMPLEMENTATION
OF SC RES 242 AS A PACKAGE WOULD LEAD TO LASTING PEACE. MOREOVER
GUAR MEDIA HAVE FAIRLY CONSISTENTLY HELD OUT "JUST PEACE" AS SOME-
THING EMINENTLY DESIRABLE BUT BEING OBSTRUCTED BY ISRAELI EXPAN-
SIONIST DESIGNS.
2. I STILL HOLD TO VIEW THAT NASSER REVIVED PHANTOM ISSUE AS PART
OF HIS CAMPAIGN PERSUADE BRITISH DESIST FROM SUPPLYING TANKS TO
ISRAEL. IT STILL POSSIBLE THAT FAIRLY CLEARCUT STATEMENT FROM USG
SUPPORTING PRINCIPLE OF WITHDRAWAL WOULD STIMULATE NASSER TAKE IN-
ITIATIVE FOR RESUMPTION RELATIONS. IT FAIRLY CERTAIN THAT IN AB-
SENCE SUCH USG STATEMENT RESUMPTION WILL CONTINUE ELUDE BOTH
EGYPTIANS AND OURSELVES. SUGGEST DEPT TAKE LOOK AT PRESIDENT NIXON'S
B°NAI BRITH SPEECH OF LAST SEPTEMBER. IF MEMORY SERVES, MR. NIXON,
WHILE SUPPORTING ISRAEL'S NEED FOR MILITARY STRENGTH, ALSO SAID CON-
SECRET
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DEPARTMENT OF STATE
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TELEGRAM
SECRET
PAGE 02 NICOSI 00305 041126Z
FINUED ISRAEL OCCUPATION ARAB TERRITORIES WOULD BE A "TRAGIC MIS-
TAKE." DEPT MIGHT WISH CONSIDER UP-DATING THIS LANGUAGE WHEREBY
WE WOULD: A) DEMONSTRATE OUR MATERIAL CONCERN FOR ISRAEL'S SEC-
URITY: B) EXPRESS VIEW THAT SUCH SECURITY MUST BE ACHIEVED BY MEANS
OTHER THAN TERRITORIAL.
3. ASSUME USINT WILL ANSWER QUERY IN PARA 3 REFTEL. BELCHER
NOTE: NOT PASSED CAIRO BY OC/T.
M
LETECKVW
SECRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
ELI/ED/ebs
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
OF STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OR
TELEGRAM
CONFIDENTIAL 392
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00220 150950Z
14
ACTION NEA 15
INFO EUR 15,10 13,CIAE 00,DODE 00,JPM 04,H 02, INR 07,L 03, NSAE 00,
NSC 10,P 04,RSC 01,SP 02,SS 20, USIA 12AID 28, ACDA 16,RSR 01,
/153 W
004540
P 150740Z FEB 69
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 2336
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
SUMMARY
AMEMBASSY LONDON
USMISSION USUN NEW YORK
AMEMBASSY OTTAWA
USMISSION NATO
CONFIDENTIA LI NICOSIA 220 Cyprus
SUBJECT: CYPRUS: LOCAL TALKS 09 POSSIBLE CLERIDES
RESIGNATION
1. OBVIOUSLY TENSE AND VERY DISTURBED CLERIDES TELLS
ME THAT HE CAN NO LONGER SERVE AS GREEK CYPRIOT NEGOTIA-
TOR IN LOCAL TALKS, AND IS PREPARING LETTER OF RESIGNATION
FOR MAKARIOS. FINAL FRUSTRATION WAS WHAT HE CONSIDERS BE
INCONTROVERTIBLE EVIDENCE THAT GREEK SECRET SERVICE (KYP)
HAS BEEN ACTIVELY UNDERMINING HIS POSITION AS LEADER OF
UNITED PARTY (UP). WHILE HE RECOGNIZED THIS ACTIVITY RE-
SULTS FROM GREEK ANTIPATHY TOWARDS GEORKADJIS, IT REPRESENTS
GROOS INTERFERENCE IN THE INTERNAL POLITICAL AFFAIRS OF
CYPRUS AND HAS MADE HIS POSITION UNTENABLE. HE CLAIMS TO
HAVE KNOWLEDGE OF KYP INTERVENTION IN WHAT HE HAD HOPED
WOULD BE SUCCESSFUL NEGOTIATIONS WITH ANDREAS AZINAS AND
PEK WHICH MIGHT HAVE LED TO SOME SORT OF ALLIANCE, BUT
WHICH NOW HAS RESULTED IN A DECLARATION OF A SEPARATE
PARTY. IN ADDITION, HE SAYS IT WAS KYP'S INFLUENCE ON
FAMAGUSTA SEK LEADER CHRISTODOULIDES WHICH RESULTED IN THE
ADHERENCE OF THAT DISTRICT'S RIGHT-WING LABOR ORGANIZATION
TO THE PEK GROUP. HE ALSO CLAIMS TO KNOW THAT KYP THREAT-
Reproduced at the Richard CONFIDENTIAL Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
OF STATE
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STATE
AMERICA
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STATES
OF
CONFIDENTIAL
PAGE 02 NICOSI 00220 150950Z
ENED SEK CENTRAL OFFICES WITH WITHDRAWAL OF GREEK SUBSIDY
IF THEY LENT THEIR SUPPORT TO THE CLERIDES ORGANIZATION.
HE ADDED THAT THE PRINCIPAL KYP OFFICER HERE (SIDERIDES)
HWN BEEN ACTIVE PERSONALLY IN THIS CAMPAIGN, WHICH ALSO
INCLUDES ALLEGATIONS THAT USG IS BACKING UNITED PARTY.
2. AS A RESULT OF ALL THIS, CLERIDES SAID THAT HE FELT
THAT HE NO LONGER ENJOYED CONFIDENCE OR SUPPORT OF THE GOG
AS A WHOLE. THE VALUABLE RELATIONSHIP HE THOUGHT EXISTED
BETWEEN HIMSELF AND PIPINELLIS COULD NO LONGER BE MAINTAINED
AND IT WOULD BE BETTER FOR ALL CONCERNED IF HE WERE TO WITH-
DRAW FROM THE NEGOTIATIONS.
3. IN ADDITION TO HIS STRONG REACTION TO KYP ACTIVITIES
ON THE CYPRIOT POLITICAL SCENE, HE EXPRESSED STRONG SENSE
OF FRUSTRATION RESULTING FROM HIS INABILITY TO OBTAIN ANY
FLEXIMBILITY IN HIS INSTRUCTIONS IN CONNECTION WITH THE
NEGOTIATIONS. HE SAID THAT DURING A THREE HOUR CABINET
SESSION THURSDAY, THE ONLY DECISIONS TAKEN WERE NEGATIVE.
HE WAS NOT AUTHORIZED TO AGREE TO REASONABLE DENKTASH
SUGGESTION THAT SUB-COMMITTEE BE SET UP TO EXPLORE QUESTION
OF E-INTEGRATION OF TURK CYPRIOTS INTO ELECTRICITY AND
TELECOMMUNICATIONS AUTHORITY. (HE REMINDED ME THAT DENK-
TASH AGREEMENT TO SETTING UP COMMITTEE TO WORK ON QUESTION
OF EXECUTIVE AND LEGISLATURE HAD BEEN CONTINGENT ON GREEK
APPROVAL OF ABOVE-MENTIONED COMMITTEE ON INTEGRATION.) WHEN
HE PRESSED HIS COLLEAGUES WITH REGARD TO THE QUESTION OF
L'OCAL GOVERNMENT, HE COULD NOT GET AUTHORITY TO INDICATE
ANY FLEXIBILITY IN THE PREVIOUSLY-STATED GOC POSITION. THE
ONLY THING CABINET AGREED TO DO WAS SET UP SUB-COMMITTEE
TO "EXAMINE THE QUESTION FURTHER" AND HE NOTED THAT THIS
SUB-COMMITTEE INCLUDED ONLY THOSE WHO WERE MOST VOCAL AGAINST
COMPROMISE. UNDER THE CIRCUMSTANCES HE DID NOT SEE HOW
ANY FURTHER PROGRESSS COULD BE MADE.
4. I TOLD CLERIDES THAT I HOPED HE HAD CONSIDERED VARIOUS
REPRERCUSSIONS WHICH WOULD RESULT FROM HIS RESIGNATION COM-
MENTING THAT WE CONSIDERED THAT HIS SPECIAL PERSONAL RELATION-
SHIP WITH DENKTASH WAS AN INVALUABLE ASSET WHICH NO ONE ELSE
IN COMMUNITY WOULD HAVE. HE COUNTERED WITH COMMENT THAT No
ONE IS INDISPENSABLE AND IT WAS OBVIOUSL HE HAD FAILED. I
CONFIDENTIAL
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DIPARTMENT
OF
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OF STATES AMERICA UNITED
TELEGRAM
CONFIDENTIAL
PAGE 03 NICOSI 00220 150950Z
SAID I FEARED THAT ONCE HIS RESIGNATION BECAME PUBLIC IT
WAS QUITE LIMELY THAT TURKISH SIDE WOULD NOT ATTRIBUTE IT
SOLELY TO INTERNAL POLITICS AND GREEK INTERFERENCE THEREIN.
DENKTASH WAS WELL AWARE OF HIS DIFFICULTIES WITH COUNCIL
OF MINISTERS AND THIS AWARENESS WAS CERTAINLY SHARED BY OTHERS
IN AUTHORITY ON TURKISH SIDE. IT WAS ONLY LOGICAL THAT
THEY WOULD ASSUME HE WAS RESIGNING BECAUSE OF HARD LINE
BEING MAINTAINED IN CABINET. IF MY FEARS IN THIS RESPECT
WERE CORRECT, I COULD FORESEE DEFINITE DETERIORATITY IN
SITUATION BROUGHT ABOUT BY SENSE OF HOPELESSNESS AND FRUS-
TRATION ON TURKISH SIDE. EXPRESSED HOPE, WHICH I WAS
CERTAIN WOULD BE SHARED IN WASHINGTON, THAT HE WOULD RECON-
SIDER. HE CLAIMED HIS MIND WAS MADE UP, THAT HE HAD FAILED
AND HAD NO CHOICE, WOULD SUBMIT LETTER IN "NEXT FEW DAYS."
5. GREEK AMBASSADOR ALEXANDRAKIS CALLED ON ME IMMEDIATELY
AFTER MY RETURN FROM MEETING CLERIDES AND INFORMED ME THAT
HE HAD JUST HAD VIRTUALLY SAME CONVERSATION WITH HIM. HE
WAS OBVIOUSLY MUCH DISTURBED AND QUITE VEHEMENT IN HIS DENIALS
THAT HIS KYP HAD BEEN INVOLVED IN ALLEGED. ACTIONS. I TOLD
HIM THAT UNFORTUNATELY WE HAD HAD INFORMATION FROM NUMBER
OF SOURCES, NOT JUST CLERIDES, THAT KYP HAD IN FACT BEEN
INVOLVED. THESE SAME SOURCES HAD TOLD US KYP WAS ALSO
LINKING THIS EMBASSY AND THE UNITED PARTY. ALEXANDRAKIS
SAID HE COULD NOT BELIEVE THIS. HE WENT ON TO SAY HE HAD
ATTEMPTED TO REASSURE CLERIDES OF ATTITUDE OF HIS GOVERNMENT
TOWARDS HIM BOTH INDIVIDUALLY AND AS NEGOTIATOR AND HAD READ
HIM VERY WARM TELEGRAM FROM PIPINELLIS EXPRESSING FIRM SUPPORT
FOR HIM IN HIS NEGOTIATING ROLE. DESPITE, ALL HIS ARGUMENTS
(WHICH MORE OR LESS PARALLELED MINE) AMBASSADOR SAID HE HAD
BEEN UNABLE DISSUADE CLERIDES FROM WHAT SEEMED TO BE MOST
UNFORTUNATE DECISION. HE SAID HE HAD ASKED FOR FURTHER
INSTRUCTIONS, IF POSSIBLE FROM PRIMIN PAPADOPOULOS HIMSELF,
TO EXPRESS AGAIN TO CLERIDES FULL CONFIDENCE OF GOG IN HIS
NEGOTIATIONS. HE HOPED THAT THIS MIGHT HAVE SOME BENEFICIAL
EFFECT
60 ALEXANDRAKIS SHARED MY ASSESSMENT THAT CLERIDES HAD NEVER
SEEMED UNDER SUCH TENSION. WE SPECULATED AS: TO WHETHER HE
WOULD ACTUALLY SEND HIS LETTER AND REACHED THE CONCLUSION
THAT HE WAS DETERMINED TO SEND IT BUT THAT THERE MIGHT BE
SOME CHANCE THAT BETWEEN ARCHBISHOP'S PERSUASIVENESS AND
CONFIDENTIAL
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
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UNITED
AMERICA
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STATES
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CONFIDENTIAL
PAGE 04 NICOSI 00220 150950Z
HIS HOPED-FOR MESSAGE FROM PAPADOPOULOS WE MIGHT YET AVOID
AN ACTUAL RESIGNATION. QUITE ABVIOUSLY MAKARIOS WOULD USE
ALL HIS EXTENSIVE PERSUASIVE ART TO GET HIM TO WITHDRAW IT.
70 COMMENT: WHILE IT CANNOT BE RULED OUT H
AT CLERIDES IS
MAKING THIS MOVE AS MEANS OF RALLYING SUPPORT AND PERHAPS
IN LONG RUN EMERGING IN STRONGER POSITION, IT DOES SEEM TO
ME HIS FRUSTRATIONS HAVE REACHED VERY DANGEROUS LEVEL. IT
MAY HAVE OCCURRED TO HIM HOWEVER THAT BY HITTING THE ARCH
BISHOP WITH HIS LETTER AND BY INFORMING THE GREEK AMBASSADOR
ANY MYSELF AND PROBABLY OTHERS, WE MIGHT BRING ENOUGH INFLUENCE
TO BEAR ON THE ARCHBISHOP AND ON GOG TO MODIFY THEIR POSITIONS.
IN CASE OF ARCHBISHOP (AND CABINET), TO GIVE HIM SOME
FLEXIBILITY IN HIS NEGOTIATING INSTRUCTIONS AND IN THAT
OF GREEK GOVERNMENT, TO GIVE SOME VISIBLE INDICATION OF
THEIR SUPPORT FOR HIM WHILE AT SAME TIME DESISTING FROM THEIR
BEHIND-THE-SCENES ACTIVITY AGAINST HIS PARTY.
8. RECOMMENDATION: IT WOULD SEEM NECESSARY FROM POINT OF
VIEW OF OUR OVERALL INTERESTS AND OBJECTIVES TO TAKE SOME
ACTION DESIGNED TO AVOID WHAT SEEMS TO BE AN IMPENDING BREAK-
DOWN IN NEGOTIATIONS. A CONVERSATION AT HIGH LEVEL IN WASH.
INGTON WITH AMBASSADOR PALAMAS WOULD SEEM IN ORDER. IN IT
WE COULD SAY THAT EVIDENCE OF KYP'S ACTIVITIES HERE APPEARS
INCONTROVERTIBLE AND THAT WE WOULD HOPE THAT THIS FACTOR IN
CLERIDES' FRUSTRATIONS COULD BE REMOVED. HERE IN NICOSIA
I MIGHT BE AUTHORIZED TO EXPRESS THE VIEW TO MAKARIOS, ONCE
IT BECOMES SOMEWHAT MORE WIDELY KNOWN THAT CLERIDES IS
SENDING OR HAS SENT HIS LETTER OF RESIGNATION, THAT WE BELIVE
THAT ONE OF THE MAIN REASONS FOR HIS ACTION WAS HIS INABILITY
TO OBTAIN NEGOTIATING FLEXIBILITY WHICH MIGHT GIVE HIM SOME
CHANCE OF SUCCESS IN TALKS. I COULD EXPRESS VIEW THAT IT
SEEMS TO US THAT THERE HAS BEEN SINGULAR LACK OF IMAGINATION
IN THEIR APPROACH TO THIS PROBLEM AND THAT WE FORESEE
NOTHING BUT DIFFICULTIES AHEAD IF MORE POSITIVE APPROACH
IS NOT TAKEN. BELCHER
CONFIDENT PAL
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
hL//82/ebs
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
cypress
SUMMARY
Department of State
of STATES AMERICA UNITED
TELEGRAM
CONFIDENTIAL 910
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00205 131650Z
45
ACTION NEA 15
INFO EUR 15,10 13,AF 12,ACDA 16,AID 28,OPR 02, CIAE 00,DODE 00, JPM 04,
H 02,INR 07 , L 03, NSAE 00,NSC 10,P 04,RSC 01 SP 02,SS 20, USIA 12,
SR 01.0RM 03, RSR 01./171 W
122278
P. 131500Z FEB 69
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 2237
INFO USMISSION USUN NEW YORK PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
AMEMBASSY LONDON
USMISSION NATO
CONFIDENTIAL NICOSIA 205
REFERENCE: NICOSIA 202
SUBJECT : CYPRUS: INTERCOMMUNAL INCIDENT
1. ACCORDING UNFICYP WE ARE NOW PROBABLY OUT OF WOODS
IN SHORT TERM AT LEAST REGARDING POSSIBILITY OF AN ARMS
ESCALATION AND CLASH RESULTING FROM OMORPHITA INCIDENTS
FEB. 10, 11, 12 DESCRIBED REFTEL. AFTER ALL-DAY CONSUL-
TATION WITH PARTIES FEB. 12 UNFICYP BELIEVES IT HAS WORKED
OUT SATISFACTORY FORMULA UNDER WHICH BOTH SIDES WILL TEM-
PORARILY SUSPEND PATROLLING. CREDIT FOR ARRANGEMENT, WHICH
BEING CONFIRMED IN UNFICYP TO MAKARIOS FEB. 13 LETTER, GOES
IN PART TO CONSTRUCTIVE BEHIND-SCENES ASSISTANCE FROM TURKISH
EMBASSY. HOWEVER, IT IS UNFICYP ESTIMATE AND OURS THAT UN -
DERLYING PROBLEMS REMAIN UNRESOLVED, I.E., THERE ARE THOSE
ON GREEK SIDE SUCH AS DIRGEN MININT ASASTASSIOU WHO DISAP-
PROVE AND MAY GO TO CONSIDERABLE LENGTHS TO DISRUPT CLERIDES'
EFFORTS IN COOPERATION WITH DENKTASH GET REFUGEES BACK TO
THEIR HOMES IN OMORPHITA AND ELSEWHERE, AND SIMILARLY THERE
ARE ON TURKISH SIDE THOSE SUCH AS MINDEF OREK WHO WOULD
WILLINGLY SABATOGE DENKTASH'S CAMPAIGN FOR SUCH NORMAL -
IZATION.
CONFIDENTIAL
31
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
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AMERICA
TELEGRAM
STATES
OF
CONFIDENTIAL
PAGE 02 NICOSI 00205 131650Z
2. IN THIS WEEK'S INCIDENTS, NEVERTHELESS, IT CAN BE FAIRLY
SAID THAT TURKISH COMMUNITY MORE AT FAULT THAN GOC. TURK-
ISH EMBASSY ASSERTS IT IS GOC WHICH RESPONSIBLE FOR HAVING
STEADILY STEPPED UP (FROM ONCE A MONTH TO DAILY) ITS CYPOL
PATROLS IN THE TROUBLED AREA IN AN ALLEGED EFFORT TO INTIMI-
DATE REFUGEES WHO HAVE BEEN MOVING BACK INTO OMORPHITA HOMES
SURING PAST THREE MONTHS. BUT AT SAME TIME, TURKISH EMBASSY
ACKNOWLEDGES (A) FEB. 10 INCIDENT HAPPENED AS RESULT ORDERS
OF AN INCONSEQUENTIAL LOCAL TMT COMMANDER WITHOUT PRIOR
CONCURRENCE TCPA, (B) OREK HIMSELF GAVE ORDERS FOR FEB. 11
CONFRONTATION "AS MATTER OF HONOR," (C) TURKISH EMBASSY DID
NOT EVEN LEARN OF FEB. 10 INCIDENT UNTIL THAT OF FOLLOWING
DAY ALREADY UNDERWAY, AND (D) WHATEVER THE PROVOCATION
FROM GOC SIDE, PROPER TURKISH RECOURSE WAS UNFICYP NOT
TO DISPATCH ARMED PATROLS INTO AREA.
3. THREE MORALS OF THIS STORY - AND HERE TURKISH EMBASSY
IS IN ABASHEDLY FULL AGREEMENT WITH US AND UNFICYP 00 ARE
THAT (A) INTERCOMMUNAL TALKS ARE TOO IMPORTANT TO BE JEOPAR-
DIZED BY HAIR-TRIGGER REACTIONS OF TURKISH COMMUNITY
WHICH MUST LEARN use UNFICYP TO GAIN REDRESS WHEN IT THINKS
IT HAS CAUSE FOR COMPLAINT, (B) DESPITE PRESENCE OF TURKISH
MAINLAND OFFICERS WITH TMT WHICH TURKISH EMBASSY SO OFTEN
JUSTIFIES AS NECESSARY FOR CONTROL IN JUST SUCH CASES AS THIS
THE CHAIN OF COMMUNICATIONS AND COMMAND INTO TURKISH EMBASS.
IS FAULTY, AND (C) UNFICYP MUST HAVE SOME FAIRLY HIGH AND
RESPONSIBLE POINT OF CONTACT IN TMT IN CHAIN OF COMMAND V.TH
WHICH TO WORK TO PREVENT INCIDENTS OF THIS SORT GETTING IVEN
MORE OUT OF HAND . SUCH LACK WAS WOEFULLY APARENT DURING FEB.
11-12 AND UNFICYP HAS ASKED TURKISH EMBASSY CONSIDER NOW
COORDINATION MIGHT BE. IMPROVED. LATTER HAS CONFLIC ING
FEELINGS BUT CONSIDERING SUGGESTING THAT UNFICYP CONTACT BE
WITH CHIEF OF STAFF TO "BOZKURT, THE SUPPOSEDLY ANONYMOUS
MAINLAND OFFICER WHO HEADS TMT STRUCTURE. BELCHER
"Deb
CONFIDENTIAL
Reproduced at the Richard Nixo Nixon Presidential Library
SLI/89/ebs
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
cyprus
DIPARTMENT OF STATE
*
Department of State
of STATES UNITED AMERICA
TELEGRAM
SUMMARY
CONFIDENTIAL 701
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00202 121126Z
19
ACTION NEA 15
INFO EUR 15,10 13, CIAE 00,DODE 00, JPM 04 , H 02, INR 07,L 03NSAE 00,
NSC 10,P 04, RSC 01 SP 02,SS 20, SIA 12,AID 28,SAH 02,ACDA 16,
RSR 01,/155 W
113190
P 121020Z FEB 69
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 2326
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
AMEMBASSY LONDON
USMISSION USUN NEW YORK
USMISSION NATO
CONFIDENTIALNICOSIA202
SUBJECT: CYPRUS: INTERCOMMUNAL INCIDENT
1. MOST SERIOUS INTERCOMMUNAL INCIDENT IN SEVERAL MONTHS OC-
CURRED DURING LAST 36 HOURS. SUCCESSIVE CONFRONTATIONS BETWEEN
UNARMED CYPOL PATROLS AND TMT FIGHTERS IN OMORPHITA AREA (FOR
DETAILS SEE DATT C-0031 FEB 69 SENT PRIORITY) TOOK PLACE ON FEB-
RUARY 10. 11, AND 12. UNFICYP HAS MOVED ADDITIONAL TROOPS 120
FINNS) INTO INTERPOSING POSITIONS AND IS NEGOTIATING WITH BOTH
SIDES TO RE-ESTABLISH STATUS QUO.
2. THERE IS DISAGREEMENT ABOUT DEFINITION OF STATUS QUO WITH GREEK
SIDE CLAIMING THEY HAVE BEEN SENDING UNARMED CYPOL PATROLS DOWN
NOOUSSA STREET SINCE 1964 UNDER AGREEMENT WORKED OUT WITH UNFICYP.
TURKS CLAIMING GREEKS HAVE LATELY GREATLY INCREASED FREQUENCY AND
SIZE OF PATROLS WHICH REQUIRED ACTION ON THEIR PART. UNFICYP IS
CHECKING ITS RECORDS TO DETERMINE WHETHER ORIGINAL AGREEMENT, IN
FACT, PROVIDED FOR ONCE-A-WEEK PATROLLING BY CYPOL.
30 AMBASSADOR MADE PREVIOUSLY ARRANGED CALL ON VICE PRESIDENT
kuchuk THIS MORNING AND DISCUSSED DEVELOPMENTS WITH MINDEF OREK
WHO, AS USUAL, WAS SPOKESMAN FOR TURK CYPRIOTS. OREK INITIALLY
COMPLAINED ABOUT INCREASED FREQUENCY OF CYPOL PATROLS CLAIMING THAT
CONFIDENTIAL
8
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DIPARTMENT OF & STATE
Department of State
OF STATES which AMERICA UNITED
TELEGRAM
CONFIDENTIAL
PAGE 02 NICOSI 00202 121126Z
THERE WAS NO AGREEMENT WITH UNFICYP ON FREQUENCY. HE SOON CHANGED
HIS TUNE ASSERTING CYPOL HAD NO BUSINESS IN AREA (I.E., PRO-
CEEDING ALONG NOOUSSA STREET) IN PRINCIPLE. WHEN AMBASSADOR ASKED
OREK WHY TURK CYPRIOTS RESPONDED TO PROBLEM BY SENDING ARMED MEN
INTO UNARMED ZONE RATHER THAN REQUESTING UNFICYP TO INVESTIGATE
AND MEDIATE, DEFMIN REPLIED THAT DECISION WAS TAKEN AT LOW LEVEL
(PRESUMABLY BY LOCAL TMT LEADER).
40 COMMENT: AMBASSADOR HAD IMPRESSION KUCHUKERY OFFICIALS ON
DEFENSIVE ON THIS ONE PARTICULARLY SINCE OREK COULD NOT SATIS-
FACTORILY EXPLAIN WHY TURK CYPRIOTS RESORTED TO ARMED INTERVENTION
BEFORE RESORTING TO UNFICYP MEDIATION. IN ANY CASE, UNFICYP INFORMS
US THAT BECAUSE TURK EMBASSY IS TAKING CONSTRUCTIVE APPROACH,
THEY ARE REASONABLY OPTIMISTIC THAT RETURN TO "ONCE-A-WEEK PAT-
ROLLING FORMULA" CAN BE ARRANGED, PARTICULARLY SINCE UNFICYP
OFFICIALS CONFIDENT RECORD WILL SHOW THAT THIS WAS PREVIOUS AR-
RANGEMENT.
5. WE ARE HOPEFUL THAT SITUATION CAN BE DEFUSED BY RETURN TO
"ONCE-A-WEEK FORMULA" AND ARE ENCOURAGED BY CONSTRUCTIVE ATTITUDE
BEING TAKEN BY TURK EMBASSY.
UNFORTUNATELY, HARDLINERS ON BOTH SIDES ARE POINTING TO INCID-
ENT TO JUSTIFY THEIR POSITIONS. OREK CLAIMED TO AMBASSADOR THAT
GOC HAD, IN FACT, INCREASED FREQUENCY OF PATROLS BECAUSE THEY DO
NOT WANT TURK REFUGEES RETURN OMORPHITA. THERE MAY BE SOME JUSTICE
TO THIS CLAIM SINCE GOC HARDLINERS (AND INTERIOR MINISTRY DIRGEN
ANASTASSIOU IS ONE OF THEM) DO NOT WANT TURK REFUGEES RETURN BE
CAUSE THEY CLAIM TURKS WILL ENLARGE THEIR ENCLAVES IN THIS MANNER.
OTHER TURK CYPRIOT HARDLINERS ARE USING INCIDENT AS PROOF OF
THEIR CONTENTION THAT ENCLAVES SHOULD BE MAINTAINED AND TURKS
KEPT WITHIN THEM.
60 MILITANCY OF TURK CYPRIOT REACTION TO CYPOL PATROLS COMING
ON HEELS OF DENKTASH'S RECENT CONCILIATORY STATEMENTS AND ACCEPTANCE
OF CONCEPT OF RETURN OF TURK REFUGEES (NICOSIA 1921 LEADS US SPEC-
ULATE THAT ENTIRE INCIDENT COULD BE TURK CYPRIOT PROVOCATION
GENERATED BY HARDLINERS (EITHER IN KUCHUKERY OR AT LOWER TMT
LEVEL) IN EFFORT "GET" DENKTASH AND/OR HIS POLICY OF ACCOMMODATION .
SUCH ACTIONS, OF COURSE, GENERATE IMMEDIATE RESPONSE FROM HARD-
LINERS ON GREEK CYPRIOT SIDE, WHERE CLERIDES HAD ALREADY BEEN
HAVING ROUGH TIME SELLING DESIRABILITY OF GOC AID TO TURKISH
REFUGEE RETURNEES. IN ANY CASE, UNFICYP APPEARS TO HAVE SITUATION
CONFIDENTIAL
28
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DIPARTMENT OF
STATE
Department of State
and AMERICA CALINO
TELEGRAM
STATES
OF
CONFIDENTIAL
PAGE 03 NICOSI 00202 121126Z
IN HAD ALTHOUGH TENSION WILL BE HIGH FOR A WHILE. BELCHER
CONFIDENTIAL
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
PHRANTMENT or STATE
*
*
UNITED STATES OF O
Department of State
TELEGRAM
SECRET 1254
PAGE 01 STATE 044274
12
ORIGIN SS=30
EXAIS
INFO OCT-01 ISO=00 /031 R
DRAFTED BY NEA/CYP:RWERDMAN:MJB
APPROVED BY NEA - RODGER P. DAVIES
NEA/CYP - T.D. BOYATT
'74 MAR 6 PM 3:04
SITUATION ROOM
WHITE HOUSE
NEA/EX SE T. W. DAVIES (DRAFT)
LOA. - T. BROWN (DRAFT)
NCR - E. FITZGERALD (DRAFT)
INR/DDC/RPS - R. CURL (DRAFT)
OC GR W. NAEHER (DRAFT)
S/S 9 SRGAMMON
000325
R 0522547 MAR 74
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
SECR E T STATE 044274
EXQIC EXCIS
EXDIS
E.O. 11652: XGDS-3
TAGS: OGEN, CY
SUBJECT: RRO PHASE-DOWN
REF : A. NICOSIA 2031 B. NICOSIA 2941 C. STATE 038963
1. IN INTERESTS OF PRESERVING US CREDIBILITY AND MINIMIZ-
ING APPEARANCE OF CHANGE, DEPARTMENT BELIEVES THAT WE
SHOULD TREAT DIRECT HIRE AND CONTRACT EMPLOYEES OF REORGAN-
IZED RRO IN SIMILAR FASHION AND THAT WE SHOULD INFORMALLY
APPROACH GOC, IN CONTEXT OF GENERAL REVIEW OF PHASE-DOWN,
ON MATTER OF NEW PERSONNEL ARRANGEMENTS, APPROACH SHOULD
UNDERSCORE OUR VIEW THAT CONTEMPLATED CHANGES ARE PURELY
INTERNAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE AND SHOULD AIM AT ELICITING
TACIT OR INFORMAL GOC AGREEMENT TO CONTINUED APPLICABILITY
OF 1968 AGREEMENT TO ALL AMERICAN RRO personnel.
2. DEPARTMENT REQUESTS EMBASSY MAKE FOLLOWING POINTS AT
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
PARTMENT OF
STATE
EXPIN
*
UNITED AMERICA
Department of State
TELEGRAM
STATES OF
SECRET
PAGE 02 STATE 044274
APPROPRIATE LEVEL OF FOREIGN MINISTRY:
A , TO REDUCE PERSONNEL AND ADMINISTRATIVE COSTS, WE
EXAIS
PLANNING TO STAFF REORGANIZED RRO IN PART WITH DIRECT HIRE
USG EMPLOYEES AND IN PART WITH USG CONTRACT EMPLOYEES"
PROVIDED BY RADIATION INCORPORATED, A US ELECTRONICS FIRM
WHICH HAS MANUFACTURED MOST OF THE RRO'S EQUIPMENT. ON AN
"IF ASKED" BASIS, POST MAY INFORM GOC THAT WE THINKING IN
TERMS OF APPROXIMATELY SEVEN USG EMPLOYEES AND TWENTY-THREE
USG CONTRACT employees. (WE BELIEVE IT DESIRABLE TO BE
FORTHCOMING ON USG RELATIONSHIP WITH CONTRACT EMPLOYEES
SO AS TO AVOID ANY FUTURE CHARGE OF MISREPRESENTATION.
B. THESE "USG CONTRACT EMPLOYEES" WILL TRAVEL ON GOVERN-
MENT (DOD) ORDERS, PERFORM OFFICIAL DUTIES AS PART OF THE
MISSION, AND BE SOLELY UNDER CONTROL OF USG OFFICIALS
EXPIS
WHILE IN CYPRUS. IN EFFECT, ONLY DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
DIRECT HIRE AND CONTRACT EMPLOYEES IS THAT LATTER WILL BE
PAID INDIRECTLY RATHER THAN DIRECTLY BY THE USG (I.E.,
VIA FIRM CONTRACTED BY USG).
C. WE WOULD HOPE THAT ALL AMERICAN PERSONNEL AT RRO
WOULD CONTINUE TO BE COVERED BY 1968 AGREMEENT.
3. OWING TO OFFICIAL NATURE OF SERVICES PROVIDED TO
GOVERNMENT BY RADIATION INCORPORATED, FACT THAT RADIA
TION WILL HAVE NO REPEAT NO CORPORATE PRESENCE IN CYPRUS,
AND LIKELIHOOD THAT CYPRUS TAXES IN EXCESS OF us TAXES
WOULD BE DIRECTLY PASSED ON TO USG IN FORM OF HIGHER
CONTRACT FEE. THERE ARE SUBSTANTIAL GROUNDS FOR ARGUING
THAT RADIATION INCORPORATED SHOULD NOT REPEAT NOT BE
LIABLE TO GOC TAXATION. DEPARTMENT THEREFORE BELIEVES
WE SHOULD NOT REPEAT NOT TAKE INITIATIVE IN RAISING
THORNY QUESTION OF RADIATION'S POSSIBLE TAX LIABILITY
TO GOC AND THAT WE SHOULD NOT REPEAT NOT REQUEST FOREIGN
MINISTRY'S ASSISTANCE AT THIS TIME IN OBTAINING WAIVER
OF GOC REGULATIONS CONCERNING FOREIGN BUSINESS OPERATIONS.
IN SHORT, OUR APPROACH IS ONE OF "LETTING SLEEPING DOGS
LIE."
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED VITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION
THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
TEPARTMENT of STATE
*
*
LINE name AMERICA
Department of State
TELEGRAM
STATES
OF
SECRET
PAGE 03 STATE 044274
4. IN EVENT GOC DOES RAISE ISSUE OF RADIATION'S TAX
LIABILITY, CHARGE SHOULD ATTEMPT DISSUADE GOC FROM THIS
COURSE BY ARGUING ON PERSONAL BASIS POINTS RAISED IN
FIRST PART OF PARAGRAPH 3. IF THIS APPROACH UNSUCCESSFUL,
POST SHOULD PROMISE TO CONVEY GOC POSITION TO DEPARTMENT
AND TO SEEK FURTHER INSTRUCTIONS. LIKEWISE, IN EVENT
GOC ARGUES AGAINST APPLICABILITY OF 1968 AGREEMENT TO
CONTRACT PERSONNEL, POST SHOULD REITERATE USG VIEW THAT
AGREEMENT DOES APPLY AND SAY THAT IT WILL REQUEST
EXPIS EXPIS EXPIS
FURTHER INSTRUCTIONS. KISSINGER
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
EXECTITIAE
MASSACHUSETTS
зеъвоблс
OF
STATE
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF OF
TELEGRAM
CONFIDENTIAL 566
PAGE 01 STATE 215249
62
2
ORIGIN 55⑉30
EXPIS
INFO OCT-01 ISO=00 SSO=00 /031 R
DRAFTED BY NEA/EX:MPJONES:EMP
APPROVED BY NEA/EXILEAMON R. HUNT
NEA - MR. CRAIG
S/S - MR. MILLER
130487
D 010205Z NOV 73
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA IMMEDIATE
INFO USINT CAIRO IMMEDIATE
CONFIDENTIAL STATE 215249
EXDIS
E.O. 11652: GDS
TAGS: APER
SUBJ: TDY CAIRO
PLEASE HAVE MS. BEVERLY J. MELANI PROCEED TO CAIRO
PRIOR TO NOVEMBER 4 FOR TEMPORARY DUTY THERE BEGINNING
NOVEMBER 4 AND ENDING ON OR ABOUT NOVEMBER 8 UNDER NEA
TA 4401-400117 DATED OCTOBER 31, 1973, CHARGE: 1940113-
4401-400117-2155. KISSINGER
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
CONFIDENTIAL
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT
No Objection To Declassification 2008/09/05 NLN-NSC FILES-592-3-21-3
STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
SECRET 244
RAGE 01 STATE 968970
EXP-0 EXCES EXCIS EXCES
12
ORIGIN $S-25
INFO OCT-01 ADP-00 1926 R
4/11/73 20279:
73 APR 12 AM 8:07
2
DRAFTED BY NEA/CYP#TDBOVATTIVH
APPROVED BY NEAIRPOAVIES
SITUATION ROOM SITUATION WHITE HOUSE HOUSE ROOM
S/CCT,AHMEYER (DRAFT)
S/$ ⑉01 K.KURZE
046677
R 1201192 APR 73
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
SECRE T STATE 068076
EXDIS
E.O. 116521 GDS
TAGS: PINS, PFOR' CY, IS
State Dept. review completed
FOR AMBASSADOR
SUBJECT: REPRESENTATION TO MAKARIOS ON ARAB TERRORISM
1 - SUBJECT YOUR VIEWS ON MODALITIES OF MOST EFFECTIVE
APRROACH TO MAKARIOSI DEPARTMENT BELIEVES YOU SHOULD SEEK
EARLY UPPORTUNITY TO CALL ON ARCHBISHOP AND MAKE FOLLOWING
REPRESENTATION IN REGARD TO RECENT ARAB TERRORIST ATTACKS
A # THE USG STRANGLY DEPLORES RECENT TERRORIST ATTACK
BY ARAB GUERRILLAS AGAINST DIPLOMATS AND PERSONNELI ASSO-
CIATED WITH AN INTERNATIONAL AIRLINE IN CYPRUS. WE WISH TO
CONVEY TO HIS BEATITUDE ON BEHALF OF THOSE' -ONCERNED OUR
SYMPATHY FOR THE SUFFERING OF CYPRIOT OFFICIALS WOUNDED IN
THE PERFORMANCE OF THEIR DUTY. THE USG SHARES THE ARCHE
BISHOP'S CONCERN ABOOT THE TRANSFERENCE OF ARAB/ISRAELI
DISPUTE TO COUNTRIES NOT DIRECTLY INVOLVED AND TRUST THAT
HIS EFFORTS TO PREVENT CYPUS' BECOMING A TERRORIST BATTLE-
GROUND WILL BE SUCCESSFUL.
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECKET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
05-1652 No Objection TO Declassification 2008/09/05 NLN-NSC FILES-592-3-21-3
No Objection To Declassification 2008/09/05 NLN-NSC FILES-592-3-21-3
EXP-S
Department of State
AMERICA UNITED
TELEGRAM
STATES of
SECRET
PAGE 02 STATE 968076
B s AS ARCHRISHOP is AWARE, US, BECAUSE OF FIRMI BELIEF
THAT KILLING OF INNOCENT PERSONS HAS NO PLACE IN RESOLVING
INTERNATIONAL DIFFERENCES AND KEEPING IN MIND THAT MIANY US
CITIZENS BOTH PUBLIC AND PRIVATE HAVE SUFFERED AT HANDS OF
TERRORIST ATTACKERS, HAS TAKEN A STRONG POSITION AGAINST
TERRORISM IN ALL OF THEREORMS. US ROSITION IS AND WILLI
REMAIN THAT SUCH IRRESPONSIBLE TERRORIST ACTS MUST BE
STERNLY DEALT WITH BY RESPONSIBLE GOVERNMENTS, IN VIEW OF
RECENT SAVAGE AND TRAGIC EVENTS PERPETRATED ON CYPRIOT
SOIL, GOVT OF US IS ENCOURAGED BY INDICATIONS THAT GOVT OF
CYPRUS WILL FULFILL ITS OBLIGATIONS TO THE INTERNATIONAL
COMMUNITY BY PROSECUTING THE TERRURISTS WITW THE FULL VIGOR
OF CYPRIOT LAW.
2. FYI: AS PART OF our OVERALL EFFORT TO COMBAT TERROR-
ISM, USG HAS MADE EVERY EFFORT TO OBTAIN AS MUCH FACTUAL
DATA REGARDING TERRORIST INCIDENTS AS POSSIBLE. IN THIS
CONNECTION, HOPE EMBASSY NICOSIA WILL BE ABLE TO OBTAIN
25X1
MAXIMUM INFORMATION AVAILABLE REGARDING APRIL 9 ATTACKS!
INAMES, ALIASES, PICMURES, FINGERPRINTS, MODUS OPERANDI,
ETC.). SUBJECT YOUR VIEWS AFTER CONSULTATION
EMBASBY OFFICIALS, WE BELIEVE SUCH
INFORMATION IS OR ENOUGH IMPORTANCE TO USG TO WARRANT YOURI
RAISING SUBJECT WITH MAWARIOS IF EMBASSY UNABLE OBTAIN
25X1
DATA THROUGH EXISTING CHANNELS.
3. AS NICOSIA 815 POINTS OUT, FACT THAT GOC NOW HOLDING
SEVERAL ARAB TERRORISTS IN JAIL INCREASES POSSIBILITY OF
KIDNAR/RANSOM OPERATION AIMED AT US PERSONNEL OR DESTRUC-
TION OPERATION AIMED AT US FACILITY. we ARRI SURE YOU ARE
TAKING EVERY PRECAUTION
ROGERS
EXCES
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined 021/80/265 to be declassified
Reproduced at the Nixon Presidential Lib
DS-1652 No Objection To Declassification 2008/09/05 NLN-NSC FILES-592-3-21-3
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
*
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES AMERICAN
TELEGRAM
OF
SECRET 962
EXC-S EXQIN
PAGE 01 STATE 135854
72
2
ORIGIN SS-25
INFO OCT-01 /026 R
DRAFTED BY NEA/CYP:RALONG:CMH
7/26/72 X 22300
APPROVED BY NEA:RPDAVIES
'72 JUL 27 AM 8: 13
SITUATION ROOM
WHITE house
NEA/CYP:TDBOYATT (SUBS)
S/S-08 R.VIETS
027744
R 270030Z JUL 72
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
AMEMBASSY LONDON
USMISSION NATO
USMISSION USUN NEW YORK
S E C R E T STATE 135854
EXDIS
SUBJ: CYPRUS: FIRST ROUND OF RESUMED INTERCOMMUNAL TALKS
REF : NICOSIA 1387
1 * PARA 6 REFTEL OUTLINED POSSIBLE COMPROMISE BY WHICH
TURK CYPRIOT EMPLOYEES MIGHT RETURN TO ELECTRICAL AUTHOR-
ITY. ACCORDING CLERIDES HE AND DENKTASH MIGHT BE ABLE
REACH SUCH COMPROMISE BY JULY 14 MEETING AND PUBLICLY
ANNOUNCE IT BEFORE JULY 21 RECESS® SINCE SUCH PUBLIC
ANNOUNCEMENT NOT MADE, WE ASSUME AGREEMENT COULD NOT BE
REACHED.
2 ₱ WOULD APPRECIATE ANY INFORMATION YOU MIGHT BE ABLE
FURNISH ON STATUS OF THIS ISSUE.
3 a DECLASSIFICATION: EXEMPT CAT 3. ROGERS
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE SECRET AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
*
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICAN
TELEGI
SECRET 537
PAGE 01 STATE 107109
60
ORIGIN SS-25
INFO OCT-01 /026 R
DRAFTED BY NEA/CYP#TDBOYATT:VH
6/15/72 EXT 20279
APPROVED BY NEA:RPDAVIES
NEA/TUR:RSDILLON (DRAFT)
'72 JUN 16 AM 8:39 39
SITUATION ROOM
WHITE HOUSE
S/S - MR. MILLER
116392
R 152152Z JUN 72
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
AMEMBASSY LONDON
USMISSION NATO
USMISSION USUN NEW YORK
EUCOM
USDOCOSOUTH
SECRE T STATE 107109
EXDIS
SUBJ: CYPRUS: TURKISH MOVES REGARDING RESUMED CYPRUS
TALKS
REF: NICOSIA 1201
1. DEPARTMENT AGREES WITH EMBASSY NICOSIA'S POINT THAT
EFFORT BY TURKS TO INTRODUCE OFFICER FROM TURKISH EMBASSY
IN NICOSIA OR FROM GOT FONMINISTRY IN ANKARA AS INTER-
PRETER WOULD BE MOST unhelpful AT THIS POINT. MAKARIOS
AND PROBABLY UN AS WELL, SURE TO REGARD SUCH A MOVE AS
EFFORT BY TURKS TO UPSET DELICATE BALANCE OF SYG'S
FORMULA AND TO CAUSE TILT TOWARD GOT INTERPRETATION THAT
TURKISH CONSTITUTIONAL EXPERT IS GOT REPRESENTATIVE
2. WHILE NO DIRECT ACTION BY U.S. SEEMS CALLED FOR AT
THIS POINT, IT WOULD BE HELPFUL IF OSORIO WERE APPRAISED
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
*
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES AMERICAN
TELEGI
OF
SECRET
PAGE 02 STATE 107109
IN A GENERAL WAY OF ALDIKACTI'S LANGUAGE PROBLEM. IF
MATTER IS DROPPED AND ALDIKACTI APPEARS AT JULY 3 MEETING
WITH GOT FONMINISTRY INTERPRETER, TALKS NOT LIKELY TO GET
OFF TO AUSPICIOUS BEGINNING.
3. AT SOME POINT IT MIGHT BE NECESSARY TO REMIND GOT
THAT LARGEST AND BEST-QUALIFIED GROUP OF ENGLISH
SPEAKING TURKS IN WORLD IS FOUND IN TURK CYPRIOT COMMUNITY
ON CYPRUS. ROGERS
EXPIS EXAIS EXPIS
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCE
NIT OUT THE AUTHORIZATION
TH
EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
S3//20/ebs
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
WIT
CHELYBA
#
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICAN
TELEGRAM
SECRET 419
PAGE 01 STATE Ø42Ø55
EXPIS EXPIN EXPIS EXPIS
45
ORIGIN ss-25
INFO OCT-01 /026 R
66636
DRAFTED BY NEA/CYP: TDBOYATT
APPROVED BY NEA: RODGER P. DAVIES
S/S: MR. MILLER
034100
R 102340Z MAR 72
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
INFO AMEMBASSY ATHENS
SECRE T STATE 042055
EXDIS
SUBJECT: CYPRUS: CONVERSATION WITH SAMPSON
REF: NICOSIA 578
1 - DEPT RECEIVED YESTERDAY (MAR 91 NICOSIA'S EXCELLENT
A-24 AND WE WILL BE RESPONDING IN AIRGRAM CHANNEL.
2. REGRET MISTAKE IN PARA 3 OF STATE 39422. SENTENCE
SHOULD HAVE READ, "IT IS ALSO POSSIBLE THAT PANAYOTAKOS
DID SAY TO SOMEONE BEGIN INSERT --IN GOG OTHER THAN
KYPRIANOU- END INSERT GOG WANTED MAKARIOS' OUSTER."
GP-3* ROGERS
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE izoonc
2ECKELVBA
*
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
SECRET 801
PAGE 01 STATE 026065
EXPIC EXPIS EXPIS
91
ORIGIN SS-25
INFO OCT-01 /026 R
66638
DRAFTED BY: NEA J.J SISCO
SITUATION ROO ROOM
WHITE HOUSE WHITE HOUSE
APPROVED BY: NEA MR. SISCO
WHITE HOUSE MR ° SAUNDERS
'72 FEB FEB 15 AM 7:4g 103943
S/S MR. CURRAN
P 150123Z FEB 72
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NIEOSIA PRIORITY
INFO AMEMBASSY ANKARA PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY ATHENS PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY LONDON PRIORITY
USMISSION USUN NEW YORK PRIORITY
USMISSION NATO PRIORITY
S E C R E T STATE 026065
EXDIS
SUBJECT: CYPRUS: POSSIBLE UN MOVES TO DEFUSE CRISIS
REF: NICOSIA 321
1. IN RESPONSE TO OSORIO-TAFALLS INQUIRY, YOU SHOULD
TELL HIM THAT WE HAVE HAD WORD THAT GOG AND GOT HAVE
ALREADY REFERRED MATTER OF UN ROLF ON QUESTION OF CZECH
ARMS TO SYG. (PARA 5 ₽ ANKARA 10211 WE UNDERSTAND THAT
WALDHEIM HAS THIS MATTER UNDER CONSIDERATION ON THE BASIS
OF THIS GOG-GOT INITIATIVE. GP-3. ROGERS
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
SECRET
49
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
SECRET 141
PAGE 01 STATE 002878
84
EXPIS EXEIL EXQIS
ORIGIN SS-25
SITUATION ROOM
WHITE WHITE-HOUSE
'72 JAN 7 AM 7:17 17
INFO OCT-01 /026 R
66644
DRAFTED BY:NEA/CYP:RALONG
APPROVED BY:NEA-RODGER P. DAVIES
NEA/CYP:TDBOYATT
S/S-MR. MILLER
WH-MR SAUNDERS
082571
R 062330Z JAN 72
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
SECR E T STATE 002878
EXDIS
FOR AMBASSADOR POPPER
SUBJECT: PRESIDENTIAL LETTER
REF: NICOSIA 021
TIMING OF YOUR CALL ON ARCHBISHOP MAKARIOS LEFT TO YOURI
DISCRETION. GP-3. IRWIN
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
OF STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
EXPIS EXAIS
SECRET 515
PAGE 01 STATE 001185
82
ORIGIN SS-25
INFO OCT-01 /026 R
66650
DRAFTED BY:NEA/CYP#RALONG
APPROVED BY:S/S:RHMILLER
NEA:JOSEPH J SICSO
NEA:ALFRED L ATHERTON JR
065925
R 042335Z JAN 72
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
SECRE T STATE 001185
EXDIS
SUBJECT: PRESIDENTIAL LETTERS
FOR AMBASSADOR
1. PLEASE CONVEY THE FOLLOWING ORAL MESSAGE FROM PRESIDENT
NIXON TO ARCHBISHOP MAKARIOS AND EXPLAIN THAT THE PRESIDENT
HAS ASKED YOU PERSONALLY TO MAKE THIS PRESENTATION.
BEGIN MESSAGE
PRESIDENT NIXON WISHES TO TAKE THIS OPPORTUNITY TO LET
YOUR BEATITUDE KNOW WHAT HE IS DISCUSSING DURING HIS
CONSULTATIONS WITH THE HEADS OF SEVERAL ALLIED
GOVERNMENTS PRIOR TO HIS TRIPS TO MOSCOW AND PEKING.
MOSCOW VISIT
THE PRESIDENT DURING HIS CURRENT CONSULTATIONS IS REVIEWING
THE GENERAL STATE OF RELATIONS WITH THE USSRI PREPARATORY
TO HIS VISIT TO MOSCOW IN MAY 1972. THE PRESIDENT IS
INDICATING DURING THE CONSULTATIONS THAT SOME CONCRETE
PROGRESS MIGHT BE MADE EITHER BEFORE OR DURING THE MOSCOW
VISIT, IN SUCH BILATERAL AREAS AS ARMS CONTROL AND ECONOMIC
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF MEMBER
TELEGRAM
SECRET
EXQIN EXPIS
PAGE 02 STATE 001185
RELATIONS.
PEKING VISIT
THE PRINCIPAL PURPOSE OF THE PRESIDENT'S VISIT IS THAT
THE PRC AND OURSELVES ACHIEVE A BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF
EACH OTHERS' POSITIONS, AND THAT WE ESTABLISH A CONTINUING
MEANS OF REMAINING INFORMED ABOUT THESE POSITIONS. IN
ADDITION, He HOPES THAT THE TWO SIDES WILL BE ABLE TO
AGREE ON AT LEAST THE BEGINNING OF EXCHANGES IN NON-
POLITICAL FIELDS so THAT OUR TWO PEOPLES WILL BEGIN TO
UNDERSTAND EACH OTHER BETTER. GIVEN OUR DIFFERENCES,
HOWEVER, THE QUESTION OF FORMAL DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS:
WILL NOT ARISE.
B. THE PRESIDENT IS EMPHASIZING THAT NEITHER SIDE IS:
UNDER ANY ILLUSIONS AS TO THE DEPTH AND COMPLEXITY OF THE
DIFFERENCES THAT SEPARATE US. HAVING BEEN TWO DECADES IN
DEVELOPING, THESE DIFFERENCES WILL NOT BE EASILY RESOLVED.
NEVERTHELESS, WE HOPE TO MAKE A BEGINNING TOWARD CLARIFYING
OUR POSITIONS AND TOWARD WORKING OUT THE REAL DIFFERENCES
THAT STAND BETWEEN US. TO THE EXTENT WE ARE SUCCESSFUL,
WE BELIEVE WE WILL HAVE HELPED REDUCE TENSIONS IN ASIA
AND THE WORLD, WHICH SHOULD BE OF BENEFIT TO ALLI NATIONS.
ECONOMIC ISSUES.
THE PRESIDENT IS EXTREMELY PLEASED THAT AGREEMENT
HAS BEEN REACHED ON THE REALIGNMENT OF EXCHANGE RATES.
THIS AGREEMENT -- WHICH IS THE BASIS FOR A RESTORATION
OF INTERNATIONAL MONETARY AND FINANCIAL STABILITY -- IS
A MANIFESTATION OF COOPERATION AMONG THE MAJOR TRADING
NATIONS TO THE MUTUAL ADVANTAGE OF ALL IT IS, FURTHER,
EVIDENCE THAT ECONOMIC DIFFERENCES WHICH WE MAY HAVE
WITH OUR TRADING PARTNERS CAN AND WILLIBE SOLVED AMICABLY
IN A SPIRIT OF INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION. IT WOULD BE
INCORRECT FOR CHINA, THE SOVIET UNION, OR ANY OTHER NA-
TION TO SEE SUCH ECONOMIC DIFFERENCES AS REPRESENTING AN
OPPORTUNITY TO DIVIDE FREE WORLD NATIONS.
CYPRUS
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
#
Department of State
ENITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
EXEIS EXQIC
SECRET
PAGE 03 STATE 001185
THE PRESIDENT IS GRATIFIED TO NOTE THE VERY POSITIVE
CONTRIBUTION OF THE GOC IN THE EFFORT TO RESUME NEGOTI-
ATIONS TO REACH A PEACEFUL settlement OF THE CYPRUS
PROBLEM. END. MESSAGE
2 ° USG DOES NOT INTEND TO MAKE DELIVERY OF MESSAGE
PUBLIC. WOULD APPRECIATE HOST GOVERNMENT ALSO MAIN-
TAINING CONFIDENTIAL NATURE OF BOTH fact AND CONTENT OF
MESSAGE. (FYI- SIMILAR MESSAGES ARE ALSO BEING SENT TO
SELECTED OTHER LEADERS. END FYI)
ROGERS
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
#
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
100
CONFIDENTIAL 222:
JEHOUSE HM STIN
PM
PAGE 01 STATE 169861
43
ORIGIN SS-45
INFO OCT-01 SSO-00 NSCE-00 /046 R
66603
DRAFTED BY: NEA/RA:WAHELSETH
APPROVED BY: S/UN - ROBERT BROWN
NEA:MR VAN HOLLEN
SH*MARSHALL WRIGHT (SUBS)
S/S:MR CURRAN
EXAIS EXPIR
NEA/CYP - MR DAVIS
082546
0 R 151532Z OCT 70 ZFF4
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO: AMEMBASSY NICOSIA IMMEDIATE
INFO USMISSION USUN NEW YORK
CONFIDENTIAL STATE 169861
EXDIS
SUBJECT: HIGHI LEVEL ATTENDANCE AT 25TH UNGA - MAKARIOS:
APPOINTMENT WITH PRESIDENT
APPOINTMENT WITH PRESIDENT SCHEDULED AT 10:00 AM SUNDAY OCTOBER
25. PLEASE CONFIRM ACCEPTABILITY ROGERS
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
*
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
CONFIDENTIAL 476
PAGE 01 STATE 166454
80
ORIGIN NEA=15
INFO OCT-01 NSC-10 SS-20 USIA-12 10-13 CPR-04 PRS-01 SSO-00
RSC-01 /077 R
66648
DRAFTED BY: NEA/CYP:TWDAVIS 10/8/70
APPROVED BY: NEA-RODGER P o DAVIES
NEA/RA=MR. HELSETH
NEA/P-MR® SMITH (INFO)
THE WHITE HOUSE- MR. SAUNDERS
S/UN-MRo BROWN
S/S-MR® CURRAN
USIA=MRe CONGLETON (SUBS)
040219
0 082341Z OCT 70 ZFF4
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA IMMEDIATE
CONFIDENTIAL STATE 166454
DELIVER TO AMBASSADOR OPENING OF BUSINESS OCT 9
FOR AMBASSADOR FROM DAVIS
REF 8 NICOSIA 1794
SUBJECT: CYPRUS- PRESIDENTIAL MEETING
IN CONFIRMING PRESIDENTIAL MEETING WITH ARCHBISHOP MIAKARIOS
YOU SHOULD NOTE THAT FOR TIME BEING WEI CONSIDER INFOI
PRIVILEGED AND NOT RELEASABLE TO PUBLIC PRIOR USG=GOC
CONSULTATION AS TO TIMING FYI WE ARE NOT PREPARED FOR
RELEASE AT THIS TIME END FYI. GP-30 ROGERS
CONFIDENTIAL
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Ed
4
#
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
CONFIDENTIAL 285
PAGE 01 STATE 165083
53
ORIGIN NEA-15
INFO OCT-01 NSC-1Ø SS=20 RSC-01 IO=13 CPR-04 /064 R
66605
DRAFTED BY8 NEA/CYP: TWDAVIS
APPROVED BY: NEA: RPDAVIES
NEA/RAS MR helsethisubsi
S/UN8 MR BROWN
WHITE HOUSE: MR WRIGHT
S/S: MR CURRAN
Ø28343
R 071839Z OCT 70
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
CONFIDENTIAL STATE 165083
FOR AMBASSADOR FROM DAVIS
REF 8 NICOSIA 1758, 1768
1. HAVE YOU INFORMED MAKARIOS OF AGREEMENT FOR PRESI-
DENTIAL MEETING?
2. IF NOT, YOU MAY DO SO WITH CONFIRMATION TO DEPT.
3 ᵃ scheduling INFORMATION WILL FOLLOW AS SOON AS AVAIL-
ABLE.
40 WOULD APPRECIATE YOUR RECOMMENDATIONS FOR TALKING
POINTS BY C.O.B. OCT 8.
GP = 3 .
ROGERS
CONFIDENTIAL
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
O
*
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
CONFIDENTIAL 635
PAGE 01 STATE 100271
92
ORIGIN NEA-15
INFO OCT-01 EUR-20 IO-13 CPR-02 PM-05 H-02 NSC-10 0-03
OPR-02 P-03 RSC-01 SS-20 SY-03 USIA-12 PRS-01 /113 R
66645
DRAFTED BY:NEA/CYP TWDAVIS
APPROVED BY:NEA RODGER P DAVIES
NEA/GRK MR VIGDERMAN (INFO)
IO/UNP MISS JONES (INFORMED)
NEA/TUR MR CASH (INFO)
S/CPR MR CODUS (INFO)
088414
R 250000Z JUN 70
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
INFO AMEMBASSY ATHENS
AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY LONDON
USMISSION USUN NEW YORK
USMISSION NATO
CONFIDENTIAL STATE 100271
SUBJECT: CYPRUS 5 MAKARIOS VISIT TO US
REFERENCE: STATE 83414, NICOSIA 923
1. CYPRUS COUNSELOR OF EMBASSY NICOLAIDES INFORMED DEPT
JUNE 23 THAT MAKARIOS VISIT TO US (IN CONJUNCTION WITH
UN ANNIVERSARY) WILL BE OCT 18 THROUGH 24.
2. A WORKING GROUP UNDER CHAIRMANSHIP ASST SEC DEPALMA
HAS BEEN INSTRUCTED TO COORDINATE VISITS OF CHIEFS OF
STATE AND PREPARE RECOMMENDATIONS AS TO THOSE PRESIDENT
SHOULD SEE®
3. NICOSIA WILL BE INFORMED AS SOON AS DECISION AVAILABLE
ON MAKARIOS® REQUEST TO MEET WITH PRESIDENT NIXON IN
NEW YORK.
GP-3. ROGERS
CONFIDENTIAL
5
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
LIMITED OFFICIAL use 524
PAGE 01 STATE 109925
42
ORIGIN NEA-15
INFO OCT-01 CPR=02 PM-05 NSC-10 P=03 RSC-01 SS-20 USIA-12
PRS-01 1070 R
66606
DRAFTED BY:NEA/CYP:KHTORP
S/S:MR PEAY
NEA:MR LONG
APPROVED BY:NEA/CYP*MR DAVIS Ed
058419
R 101425Z JUL 70
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
LIMITED OFFICIAL USE STATE 109925
SUBJ: MESSAGE FROM PRESIDENT NIXON TO PRESIDENT MAKARIOS
1 - PLEASE TRANSMIT FOLLOWING MESSAGE TO PRESIDENT MAKARIOS:
QUOTE YOUR BEATITUDE: YOUR CONGRATULATIONS AND BEST WISHES
ARE MOST APPRECIATED. YOU MAY BE SURE THAT THEY ARE WARMLY
RECEIVED AND HEIGHTEN THE PRIDE WE TAKE ON THE ANNIVERSARY
OF OUR NATIONAL INDEPENDENCE. RICHARD NIXON UNQUOTE
2. FYI FOLLOWING IS TEXT MESSAGE RECEIVED FROM PRESIDENT
MAKARIOS ON JULY 48 QUOTE ON THE 194TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE
DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE OF THE AMERICAN NATION THE
PEOPLE OF CYPRUS JOIN IN THE REJOICING OF THE AMERICAN PEOPLE.
THE INDEPENDENCE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA CONSTITUTES
A GREAT LANDMARK IN THE HISTORY OF THE WORLD. ⑈⑉⑉ MAY I CONVEY
ON BEHALF OF THE PEOPLE OF CYPRUS, MY GOVERNMENT AND MYSELF
HARTIEST CONGRATULATIONS AND WARMEST WISHES FOR YOUR
PERSONAL HAPPINESS AND THE PROSPERITY OF THE FRIENDLY
AMERICAN PEOPLE IN PEACE. ARCHBISHOP MAKARIOS, PRESIDENT
OF THE REPUBLIC OF CYPRUS UNQUOTE
3. DEPT DOES NOT PLAN RELEASE TEXT OF PRESIDENT'S REPLY
LIMITED OFFICIAL OFFICIAL USE
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
#
*
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF
TELEGRAM
LIMITED OFFICIAL USE
PAGE 02 STATE 109925
BUT HAS NO OBJECTION TO ITS RELEASE BY GOC.
JOHNSON
LETECKVW
LIMITED OFFICIAL USE
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
/1e/20/ebs
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
UNITED STATES OF THE OF STATE
Department of State
TELEGRAM
CONFIDENTIAL 717
PAGE 01 STATE 024888
49
ORIGIN NEA 15
INFO EUR 15,10 13, CIAE 00,DODE 00, JPM Ø4,H Ø2, INR 07 , L 03»NSAÉ ØØ,
NSC 10,P 04,RSC øl,SP 02,SS 20, USIA 12,NIC 01,AID 28, ACDA 16,
/153 R
DRAFTED BY: NEA: SWROCKWELL
APPROVED BY: NEA 9 STUART W.o ROCKWELL
006724
R 151911Z FEB 69
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
SUMMARY
INFO AMEMBASSY ATHENS
AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY LONDON
AMEMBASSY OTTAWA
USMISSION NATO
USMISSION USUN NEW YORK
CONFIDENTIA L STATE 024888
REF: NICOSIA 220 Gma.Cyprus
SUBJECT: SITUATION OF CLERIDES
1 ° ROCKWELL SPOKE WITH AMBASSADOR PALAMAS FEBRUARY 15,
SAYING WE CONCERNED BY APPARENT STRONG INTENTION OF CLERIDES
TO RESIGN AND ASKING WHETHER, IF PALAMAS AGREED THIS WOULD
BE UNDESIRABLE STEP, THERE WAS ANYTHING HE COULD DO TO BE
HELPFUL. PALAMAS SAID IT WOULD HELP HIM VERY much IN REPORTING
TO ATHENS TO KNOW WHAT STEPS THE DEPARTMENT THOUGHT MIGHT BE
USEFUL. ROCKWELL SUGGESTED THAT THE GOG TRY TO DISSUADE CLERIDES
FROM RESIGNING, TELL KYP NICOSIA TO STOP WORKING AGAINST HIM,
AND TRY TO PERSUADE MAKARIOS TO GIVE CLERIDES MORE
FLEXIBILITY IN HIS NEGOTIATING ROLE. PALAMAS AGREED TO SUGGEST
THESE STEPS TO ATHENS.
2 ₱ PALAMAS EXPRESSED THE PERSONAL VIEW, NOT FOR ATTRIBUTION,
THAT MAKARIOS THINKS THAT CLERIDES INCREASED STATURE MAKES
CONFIDENTIAL
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
OF
AMERICA UNITED . of DEP
STATE
Department of State
TELEGRAM
STATES 01
CONFIDENTIAL
PAGE 02 STATE 024888
HIM A POTENTIAL RIVAL AND WANTS TO SEE HIM cut DOWN TO SIZE.
30 YOU AUTHORIZED speak TO MAKARIOS AS SUGGESTED PARA 8
REFTEL.
GP=3. ROGERS
CONFIDENTIAL
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DIPARTMENT OF
STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
SECRET 447
PAGE 01 STATE 041668
S
82
ORIGIN SS-45
2
INFO OCT-01 1046 R
66641
DRAFTED BY: NEA/ JUSISCO
70 MAR 21 AM 11:51 51
WHITE HOUSE
APPROVED BY: JOSEPH J. SISCO
S/S MR LEVITSKY
IO/UNP MISS B J JONES INFO
055332
P R 210036Z MAR 70
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA PRIORITY
AMEMBASSY ANKARA
AMEMBASSY ATHENS
INFO AMEMBASSY LONDON
AMEMBASSY MOSCOW
USMISSION USUN NY
SECRET STATE 041668
EXDIS
EXQIC EXQIA
1 - POSTS MAY PROCEED ON BASIS OF RECOMMENDATIONS CONTAINED 3(A),
(B) AND (C) OF AMBASSADOR POPPER'S 422. REPORTING CABLE OF SISCO-
ESENBEL CONVERSATION FOLLOWS. BASED ON ESENBEL'S DEMARCHE,
TURKS SEEM VERY RELAXED.
2. WE LEAVE IT TO POPPER'S DISCRETION AS TO HOW STRONG A
PITCH HE MAKES WITH MAKARIOS REGARDING MEASURES THAT WOULD BE
DESIRABLE FOR GOC TO TAKE, SINCE YOU HAVE A BETTER FEEL AS TO HOW
SHARP A REACTION RAMSBOTTOM RECEIVED IN HIS CONVERSATION WITH
MAKARIOS.
3. WE ARE ASKING BRITISH HERE TO CONCERT WITH OUR AMBASSADORS
IN ATHENS, NICOSIA AND ANKARA WITH A VIEW TO MAKING PARALLEL
APPROACHES. GP3.
ROGERS
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
CIA
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY
DOCUMENT CONTROL RECORD
ITEM REMOVED FROM THIS FOLDER
MANDATORY REVIEW REQUEST NLN 08-38 [ID: 10983]
(8 p.)
EXEMPTED per 3.3(b)(1), ltr. 7/3/2012
A RESTRICTED DOCUMENT OR CASE FILE HAS BEEN REMOVED
FROM THIS FILE FOLDER. FOR A DESCRIPTION OF THE ITEM
REMOVED AND THE REASON FOR ITS REMOVAL, CONSULT
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OF THIS FILE FOLDER.
CB /MIH
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NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION
NLRN Form 101 (revised 5/09)
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY
DOCUMENT CONTROL RECORD
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(3 p.)
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FROM THIS FILE FOLDER. FOR A DESCRIPTION OF THE ITEM
REMOVED AND THE REASON FOR ITS REMOVAL, CONSULT
DOCUMENT ENTRY NUMBER 216 ON THE DOCUMENT
WITHDRAWAL RECORD (NA FORM 14021) LOCATED IN THE FRONT
OF THIS FILE FOLDER.
CB mith
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NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION
NLRN Form 101 (revised 5/09)
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY
DOCUMENT CONTROL RECORD
ITEM REMOVED FROM THIS FOLDER
MANDATORY REVIEW REQUEST NLN 08-38 [ID: 10985]
(2 p.)
EXEMPTED per 3.3(b)(1), ltr. 7/3/2012
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FROM THIS FILE FOLDER. FOR A DESCRIPTION OF THE ITEM
REMOVED AND THE REASON FOR ITS REMOVAL, CONSULT
DOCUMENT ENTRY NUMBER 217 ON THE DOCUMENT
WITHDRAWAL RECORD (NA FORM 14021) LOCATED IN THE FRONT
OF THIS FILE FOLDER.
CB /mith
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NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION
NLRN Form 101 (revised 5/09)
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY
DOCUMENT CONTROL RECORD
ITEM REMOVED FROM THIS FOLDER
MANDATORY REVIEW REQUEST NLN 08-38 [ID: 10986]
(4 p.)
EXEMPTED per 3.3(b)(1), ltr. 7/3/2012
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FROM THIS FILE FOLDER. FOR A DESCRIPTION OF THE ITEM
REMOVED AND THE REASON FOR ITS REMOVAL, CONSULT
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OF THIS FILE FOLDER.
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NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION
NLRN Form 101 (revised 5/09)
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL MATERIALS PROJECT
DOCUMENT CONTROL RECORD
ITEM REMOVED FROM THIS FILE FOLDER
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THIS FILE FOLDER FOR A DESCRIPTION OF THE ITEM REMOVED
AND THE REASON FOR ITS REMOVAL, CONSULT DOCUMENT ENTRY
NUMBER 219
ON EITHER THE DOCUMENT WITHDRAWAL RECORD
(GSA FORM 7279 OR NA FORM 1421) OR NARA WITHDRAWAL SHEET
(GSA FORM 7122) LOCATED IN THE FRONT OF THIS FILE FOLDER
NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION
NLN Form 101 (revised 6-85
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL MATERIALS PROJECT
DOCUMENT CONTROL RECORD
ITEM REMOVED FROM THIS FILE FOLDER
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THIS FILE FOLDER FOR A DESCRIPTION OF THE ITEM REMOVED
AND THE REASON FOR ITS REMOVAL, CONSULT DOCUMENT ENTRY
NUMBER 220 ON EITHER THE DOCUMENT WITHDRAWAL RECORD
(GSA FORM 7279 OR NA FORM 1421) OR NARA WITHDRAWAL SHEET
(GSA FORM 7122) LOCATED IN THE FRONT OF THIS FILE FOLDER
NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION
NLN Form 101 (revised 6-85
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY
DOCUMENT CONTROL RECORD
ITEM REMOVED FROM THIS FOLDER
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(5 p.)
EXEMPTED per 3.3(b)(1), ltr. 7/3/2012
A RESTRICTED DOCUMENT OR CASE FILE HAS BEEN REMOVED
FROM THIS FILE FOLDER. FOR A DESCRIPTION OF THE ITEM
REMOVED AND THE REASON FOR ITS REMOVAL, CONSULT
DOCUMENT ENTRY NUMBER
221
ON THE DOCUMENT
WITHDRAWAL RECORD (NA FORM 14021) LOCATED IN THE FRONT
OF THIS FILE FOLDER.
CB 1mIH
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NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION
NLRN Form 101 (revised 5/09)
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY
DOCUMENT CONTROL RECORD
ITEM REMOVED FROM THIS FOLDER
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(1 p.)
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FROM THIS FILE FOLDER. FOR A DESCRIPTION OF THE ITEM
REMOVED AND THE REASON FOR ITS REMOVAL, CONSULT
DOCUMENT ENTRY NUMBER
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ON THE DOCUMENT
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OF THIS FILE FOLDER.
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NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION
NLRN Form 101 (revised 5/09)
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY
DOCUMENT CONTROL RECORD
ITEM REMOVED FROM THIS FOLDER
MANDATORY REVIEW REQUEST NLN 08-38 [ID: 10991]
(3 p.)
EXEMPTED per 3.3(b)(1), ltr. 7/3/2012
A RESTRICTED DOCUMENT OR CASE FILE HAS BEEN REMOVED
FROM THIS FILE FOLDER. FOR A DESCRIPTION OF THE ITEM
REMOVED AND THE REASON FOR ITS REMOVAL, CONSULT
DOCUMENT ENTRY NUMBER
223
ON THE DOCUMENT
WITHDRAWAL RECORD (NA FORM 14021) LOCATED IN THE FRONT
OF THIS FILE FOLDER.
CB 1 mill
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NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION
NLRN Form 101 (revised 5/09)
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY
DOCUMENT CONTROL RECORD
ITEM REMOVED FROM THIS FOLDER
MANDATORY REVIEW REQUEST NLN 08-38 [ID: 10992]
(2 p.)
EXEMPTED per 3.3(b)(1), ltr. 7/3/2012
A RESTRICTED DOCUMENT OR CASE FILE HAS BEEN REMOVED
FROM THIS FILE FOLDER. FOR A DESCRIPTION OF THE ITEM
REMOVED AND THE REASON FOR ITS REMOVAL, CONSULT
DOCUMENT ENTRY NUMBER
224
ON THE DOCUMENT
WITHDRAWAL RECORD (NA FORM 14021) LOCATED IN THE FRONT
OF THIS FILE FOLDER.
CB /mit
10/8/2014
NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION
NLRN Form 101 (revised 5/09)
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY
DOCUMENT CONTROL RECORD
ITEM REMOVED FROM THIS FOLDER
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(2 p.)
EXEMPTED per 3.3(b)(1), ltr. 7/3/2012
A RESTRICTED DOCUMENT OR CASE FILE HAS BEEN REMOVED
FROM THIS FILE FOLDER. FOR A DESCRIPTION OF THE ITEM
REMOVED AND THE REASON FOR ITS REMOVAL, CONSULT
DOCUMENT ENTRY NUMBER
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ON THE DOCUMENT
WITHDRAWAL RECORD (NA FORM 14021) LOCATED IN THE FRONT
OF THIS FILE FOLDER.
CB /mitt
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NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION
NLRN Form 101 (revised 5/09)
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL LIBRARY
DOCUMENT CONTROL RECORD
ITEM REMOVED FROM THIS FOLDER
MANDATORY REVIEW REQUEST NLN 08-38 [ID: 10994]
(1 p.)
EXEMPTED per 3.3(b)(1), ltr. 7/3/2012
A RESTRICTED DOCUMENT OR CASE FILE HAS BEEN REMOVED
FROM THIS FILE FOLDER. FOR A DESCRIPTION OF THE ITEM
REMOVED AND THE REASON FOR ITS REMOVAL, CONSULT
DOCUMENT ENTRY NUMBER 226 ON THE DOCUMENT
WITHDRAWAL RECORD (NA FORM 14021) LOCATED IN THE FRONT
OF THIS FILE FOLDER.
CB /MIIT
10/8/2014
NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION
NLRN Form 101 (revised 5/09)
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
NODIS
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
gH E.U,
200-0
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Department
of State 003923
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
CONFIDENTIAL
CA0372
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00098 171927Z
Serveroft
64
ACTION CCO-00
REFARLANE
INFO OCT-01 PASS-00 /001 W
003987
Z D 171920Z JAN 74
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO USINT CAIRO FLASH
AMCONSUL JERUSALEM FLASH
INFO SECSTATE WASHOC IMMEDIATE 8138
200-2
CONFIDENTIALNICOSIA 98
EXDIS (DISTRIBUTE AS NODIS)
EO 11652: DECON 2/1/74
TAGS: OVIP (HAK)
SUBJECT: MAW TRANSIT
MAW ETA 2250 LOCAL CAIRO, ARRIVING CAIRO INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
VIA EGYPTIAN AIRLINES COMET SU-ALM.
GRANT
200-0
CONFIDENTIAL
NOT TO BE the Richard Nixon Presidential Library OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
WH5
N
OF STATE
O
Department of State
D
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
SECRET
CA0299
S
PAGE 01 NICOSI 00092 171302Z
45
ACTION CCO-00
INFO OCT-01 01 PASS-00 /001 W
130931
N
0 171250Z JAN 74
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
O
TO AMCONSUL JERUSALEM FLASH
INFO SECSTATE WASHOC IMMEDIATE 8133
USINT CAIRO IMMEDIATE
D
S E C R E T NICOSIA 92
EXDIS (DISTRIBUTE AS NODIS)
EYES ONLY PICKERING FROM CHARGE
S
E.O. 11652: DECON 2/1/74
TAGS: OVIP (HAK)
SUBJECT: MAW TRANSIT
REF: NICOSIA 91
EGYPTIAN EMBASSY HAS BEEN INFORMED PICKUP AIRCRAFT WILL
LEAVE CAIRO 1500 GT (1700 LOCAL), ETA NICOSIA 1645 GMT
(1845 LOCAL),
200-2
GRANT
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED Reproduced WITHOUT at the Richard THE Nixon Presidential OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
WiL
1
ZODIS
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
CONFIDENTIAL
CONTROL: 4340Q
RECD:
SEP 19, 1973
0905Z
P 190810Z SEP 73
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 7799
BT
C CONFIDENTIAL NICOSIA ₱965
NODIS
NODIS
FOR EXECUTIVE SECRETARY FROM AMB. MCCLOSKEY
EO 11652: GDS
TAGS: OGEN
SUBJECT: TEMPORARY DUTY IN WASHINGTON
SITUATION ROOM
WHITE HOUSE
73 SEP 19 PM 12 44
REF: STATE 182238
1. WICOSIA 0755 SEPT. 20 OL NICOSIA 0755 SEPT. FOR RETURN TO WASHINGTON:
20 OLYMPIC AIRWAYS 332 VIA
ATHENS TO NEW YORK TWA 841 ARRIVING 1635. NEW YORK
20. TO WASHINGTON NATIONAL AIRLINES 403 ARRIVING 1900 SEPT.
2. PLEASE INFORM MRS. ARTHUR PHELAN, TELEPHONE OL 2-5067,
WHO PLANS TO MEET. IF DELAYED, I WILL TELEPHONE HER FROM
NEW YORK.
MCCLOSKEY
200-2
CONFIDENTIAL
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
COPY 6 OF 15 COPIES
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
WH
200-0
(S,E)
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
CONFIDENTIAL
'73 SEP 14 AM 10:38 VAIL
0 140935Z SEP 73
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
SQUICROFT
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 7783
WHITE HOUSE
Have
BT
147Q
CONFIDENTIAL NICOSIA 1937
mcFulune
RECD: 14 SEPTEMBER 73 -
NODIS
5 36 AM
EYES ONLY FOR EXECUTIVE SECRETARY FROM AMB. MC CLOSKEY
EO 11652: GDS
NODIS
TAGS: OGEN
SUBJECT: TEMPORARY DUTY IN WASHINGTON
1. BELIEVE HANDLING MY DEPARTURE AS REQUESTED MANAGEABLE
WITH GOVT HERE, AND WOULD PROPOSE INFORMING FONMIN CHRISTO-
PHIDES PRIVATELY AT DINNER I AM GIVING FOR HIM SEP 17 PRIOR
HIS LEAVING FOR UNGA. WILL HAVE EMBASSY ISSUE PUBLIC
STATEMENT ALONG LINES YOU SUGGEST, CLOSER TO TIME MY
ACTUAL DEPARTURE.
2. PENDING REARRANGEMENT SEVERAL ENGAGEMENTS SCHEDULED
FOR NEXT WEEK HERE, BELIEVE I CAN MEET APPROXIMATE TIME
SUGGESTED FOR ARRIVAL WASHINGTON. WILL SEND TRAVEL
SCHEDULE WHEN FIXED.
3. APPRECIATE THAT HONOR OF RECALL IS TEMPORARY.
MC CLOSKEY
BT
#1937
NODIS
CONFIDENTIAL
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
COPY 6 OF 15 COPIES
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
WH
(S,E)
Department of State
UNITED THE STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
CONFIDENAL
'73 SEP 14 AM 10:38 VAIL
0 140935Z SEP 73
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
Scowcro
S
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 7783
WHITE HOUSE
Have
BT
1470
CONFIDENTIAL NICOSIA 1937
mcFulu
RECD: 14 SEPTEMBER 73
NODIS
5 36 AM
EYES ONLY FOR EXECUTIVE SECRETARY FROM AMB. MC CLOSKEY
EO 11652: GDS
TAGS: OGEN
SUBJECT: TEMPORARY DUTY IN WASHINGTON
1. BELIEVE HANDLING MY DEPARTURE AS REQUESTED MANAGEABLE
WITH GOVT HERE, AND WOULD PROPOSE INFORMING FONMIN CHRISTO-
PHIDES PRIVATELY AT DINNER I AM GIVING FOR HIM SEP 17 PRIOR
HIS LEAVING FOR UNGA. WILL HAVE EMBASSY ISSUE PUBLIC
STATEMENT ALONG LINES YOU SUGGEST, CLOSER TO TIME MY
ACTUAL DEPARTURE.
S
2. PENDING REARRANGEMENT SEVERAL ENGAGEMENTS SCHEDULED
FOR NEXT WEEK HERE, BELIEVE I CAN MEET APPROXIMATE TIME
SUGGESTED FOR ARRIVAL WASHINGTON. WILL SEND TRAVEL
SCHEDULE WHEN FIXED.
3. APPRECIATE THAT HONOR OF RECALL IS TEMPORARY.
MC CLOSKEY
BT
#1937
S
00
CONTRANTAL
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
DECLASSIFIED This document - has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL MATERIALS PROJECT
DOCUMENT CONTROL RECORD
ITEM REMOVED FROM THIS FILE FOLDER
A RESTRICTED DOCUMENT OR CASE FILE HAS BEEN REMOYED FROM
THIS FILE FOLDER FOR A DESCRIPTION OF THE ITEM REMOVED
AND THE REASON FOR ITS REMOVAL, CONSULT DOCUMENT ENTRY
NUMBER
236
ON EITHER THE DOCUMENT WITHDRAWAL RECORD
(GSA FORM 7279 OR NA FORM 142 ) OR NARA WITHDRAWAL SHEET
(GSA FORM 7122) LOCATED IN THE FRONT OF THIS FILE FOLDER
NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION
NLN Form 101 (revised 6-85
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
No Objection To Declassification 2008/09/05 NLN-NSC FILES-592-3-34-9
9
N
WH
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Department SECRET of State
TELEGRAM
D
72 JUN 29 PM 12. 55
R 281145Z JUN 72
CN:
7566Q
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
Rec 'd: June 29, 1972
S
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 6271
4:15 a.m.
BT
SECRET NICOSIA 1305
NODIS
NOFORN
SUBJECT: CYPRUS: TURKISH HELICOPTER FLIGHTS AND SUSPECTED
NOD-U
ARMS DELIVERIES
25X1
REF: STATE 116003
1. PASSAGE TO BRITISH,
WITH INR APPROVAL AND S/S
CONCURRENCE. OF NICOSIA TELS 905, 1041 AND 1145 IS HIGHLY
EMBARRASSING TO US AND EVEN MORE SO TC OUR CONFIDENTIAL
SOURCE. WE BELIEVE OUR ABILITY IN FUILRE TO LOOK INTO
AND BEHIND UNFICYP OPERATIONS HAS BEEN CRITICALLY JEOPARDIZED.
2. TO BE SPECIFIC AND INDICATE EXTENT OF DAMAGE DONE BY
THIS APPALLING VIOLATION OF SECURITY, EXAMPLE OF CARELESS-
NESS AND ERROR IN JUDGMENT, WE WOULD RECALL THAT OUR SOURCE
IS A VERY SENIOR ALLIED OFFICER IN UNFICYP. IN BELIEF
THAT THIS WOULD BE A CONTRIBUTION TO EFFECTIVE PEACEKEEPING
IN CYPRUS, SOURCE'S GOVT APPROVED HIS DEALING WITH US ON
BASIS OF TOTAL CANDOR ON ASSURANCE HIS CONFIDENCE WOULD BE
PROTECTED. FOR PERIOD OF SEVERAL YEARS, IT HAS BEEN. THROUGH HIM
WE HAVE HAD ACCESS TO VIRTUALLY ALL IMPORTANT UNFICYP COMMUNI-
200-0
CATIONS, IN POLITICAL AS WELL AS MILITARY SPHERE.
3. ALSO, SOURCE HAS PASSED TO US ALL SIGNIFICANT MILITARY
INFORMATION GIVEN HIM BY BRITISH. LATTER HAVE NOT BEEN
VERY FORTHCOMING TO US IN NICOSIA UNDER PRESENT HIGH COMMISSIONER
BUT HAVE BEEN COMPELLED COOPERATE WITH SOURCE TO VERIFY THEIR
OWN INTELLIGENCE AND GENERALLY OBTAIN INFORMATION ON SECURITY
SITUATION ON ISLAND. BRITISH HAVE BEEN SUSPICIOUS OF, BUT
HITHERTO UNABLE DOCUMENT, EXTENT OF OUR RELATIONSHIP. THEY
NOW KNOW; AND KNOW ALSO THAT INTELLIGENCE OF THEIR OWN WHICH
THEY HAD NOT CHOSEN TO FURNISH US WAS REACHING US BECAUSE OF
OUR SOURCE'S CONVICTION THAT USG SHOULD BE INFORMED OF ANYTHING
LIKELY TO DISRUPT STABILITY IN CYPRUS.
State Dept. review completed
ECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
No Objection To Declassification 2008/09/05 NLN-NSC FILES-592-3-34-9
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
No Objection To Declassification 2008/09/05 NLN-NSC FILES-592-3-34-9
200-0
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
SECRET
.-2- NICOSIA 1305, JUNE 29
4. WHILE OUR SOURCE IS ABOUT TO BE TRANSFERRED, ARRANGE-
MENTS HAD BEEN MADE TO CONTINUE CONFIDENTIAL RELATIONSHIP
WITH HIS SUCCESSOR. THESE ARRANGEMENTS, ALSO, ARE NOW BOUND
TO BE JEOPARDIZED IF NOT DESTROYED.
5. LEAST WE COULD HAVE EXPECTED WAS THAT MESSAGES SLUGGED
EXDIS AND NOFORN, AND CONTAINING TEXTUAL WARNING RE HIGH
SENSITIVITY, WOULD NOT BE PASSED WITHOUT FIRST CONSULTING
WITH EMBASSY. WE ASSUME BUREAU FEELS EQUALLY AGGRIEVED AND
ZODIU
HAS TAKEN STEPS TO PREVENT RECURRENCE. WE WILL MAKE WHAT
DAMAGE LIMITATION EFFORTS WE CAN HERE.
6. TO BE NOTED THAT EVEN WITH OUR INFO IN HAND BRITISH
STILL DO NOT APPEAR FULLY CANDID IN THIS MATTER, EITHER
HERE OR IN WASHINGTON. IT WAS A BRITISH INTELLIGENCE
REPORT -- PASSED TO OUR SOURCE AND EVALUATED AS LIEKLY TO
BE ACCURATE, AND RECONFIRMED JUST BEFORE MY JUNE 19 TALKS
WITH HICOMER EDMONDS (NICOSIA 1252) -- THAT CITED DELIVERY
OF TWELVE 75MM PACK HOWIZERS. THIS WAS GIVEN SOURCE WITH
REQUEST UNFICYP SEEK TO CONFIRM. MOREOVER, FROM SOURCE,
WE ARE AWARE THAT BRITISH HAVE MORE FAITH IN THEIR RADAR
SURVEILLANCE OF ISLAND THAN EDMONDS CARED TO ACKNOWLEDGE
TO ME. AND THAT IT WAS ESSENTIALLY THEIR INFORMATION CONVEYED
TO SOURCE WHICH LED TO SOURCE'S ASSESSMENT THAT MINIMUM OF 20
NIGHT HELICOPTER FLIGHTS FROM TURKEY HAD TAKEN PLACE THIS
SPRING.
POPPER
200-0
BT
#1305
ECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
No Objection To Declassification 2008/09/05 NLN-NSC FILES-592-3-34-9
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
No Objection To Declassification 2008/09/05 NLN-NSC FILES-592-3-35-8
4
N
OF STATE
O
Department of State
D
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
SECRET
R 100835Z MAR 72
CN:
2730Q
S
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
Rec'd:
March 10, 1972
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 5844
BT
4:13 a.m.
SECRE T NICOSIA 580
NODIS
SUBJ: CYPRUS: RETURN OF COLONEL PAPAPOSTOULOU
5G
25X1
REF: STATE 39415
ZODIS
2. ALTHOUGH PAPAPOSTOULOU HAS ALLEGEDLY RETIRED, WE
FIND IT DIFFICULT TO BELIEVE THAT GIVEN MAKARIOS' KNOWN
VIEWS ABOUT HIM, A RETURN BY HIM TO CYPRUS LIKELY BE
PURPOSELESS OR WITHOUT APPROVAL OF SOMEONE HIGHER UP
IN GOG. CONCEIVABLY, IT WAS INTENDED THAT ARCHBISHOP
N
LEARN OF PAPAPOSTOULOU'S PRESENCE. HE DOES NOT MISS
MUCH, AND PAPAPOSTOULOU DOES NOT SEEM TO HAVE MADE ANY
PARTICULAR EFFORT TO CONCEAL HIS PRESENCE. (OTHERWISE
0
HE WOULD HARDLY HAVE TALKED ON TWO OCCASIONS TO IRISH
CONTINGENT OFFICERS WHO KNOW HIM IN 1970). INTENT OF HIS
VISIT COULD, THEREFORE, HAVE BEEN TO INTRODUCE INTO
D
SITUATION ANOTHER INGREDIENT DESIGNED THROW ARCHBISHOP
OFF BALANCE. OR IT COULD HAVE BEEN SOMETHING MORE
SINISTER. WE UNDERSTAND THAT BEFORE HIS RETIREMENT
SO ME MONTHS AGO, COLONEL PAPAPOSTOULOU WAS WELL KNOWN
IN HELLENIC ARMY FOR HIS TALENTS IN FIELD OF SPECIAL
OPERATIONS. GP-3.
S
POOPPER
State Dept. review completed
BT
2730Q
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
No Objection To Declassification 2008/09/05 NLN-NSC FILES-592-3-35-8
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
OF STATE
L.L.
ZODIS
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICAN
TELEGRAM
SECRET
6
SITUATION SITUATION ROOM ROOM
WHITEHOUSE
FEB 16 PM 2:40 40
0 161400Z FEB 72
CONTROL: 4092
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 5703
RECD: 16 FEB 14 38Z
BT
SECRET NICOSIA 358
ZODIS
NODIS
FROM AMBASSADOR
REF: STATE 25339
WITH LAPSE OF TIME AND TEMPORARY DECREASE OF TENSION, I
THINK IT IS IMPORTANT THAT EMBASSY BEGIN TO READ ITSELF
BACK INTO LOCAL THINKING RE SITUATION. UNLESS DEPT OBJECTS
I PLAN TO SEEK APPOINTMENTS WITH CLERIDES, DENKTASH AND
OTHER SOURCES BEFORE WEEKEND, THOUGH I WILL NOT ASK FOR
APPOINTMENT WITH ARCHBISHOP UNTIL THINGS BECOME A BIT
STEADIER. STAFF WILL SIMILARLY BEGIN TO LOOSEN UP. GP- 4.
POPPER
BT
ZODIS
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
STATE
STATE
WH
Department of WHI
OF STATES AMERICA
SECRET
'70 JUL 27 PM 3:17
12
R 271520Z JUL 70
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 3784
Control: 6415Q
BT
SECRET NICOSIA 1280
Recd: July 27 11 52AM
NODIS
REF: STATE 119651
1. WHILE WE ARE NOT EQUIPPED TO DISCUSS SUBSTANCE OF
DEVELOPMENTS RE US PEACE PROPOSAL, IT IS CLEAR TO US THAT
US INITIATIVE HAS DRAMATICALLY UNFROZEN LONG-STANDING
DIPLOMATIC DEADLOCK AND OPENED UP REAL ROOM FOR MANEUVER
AMONG PARTIES CONCERNED. AS TO PROCEDURES IN PARTICULAR,
WE APPLAUD CONCEPT OF A MORE ACTIVIST ROLE FOR JARRING AND
A DEPUTY, AS WELL AS DEPT'S INTENTION TO PUT POLITICAL
NEGOTIATION IN TRAIN EVEN IN ADVANCE OF A CEASEFIRE AND
STANDSTILL.
2. NICOSIA WOULD BE A GOOD SITE FOR MEETINGS BETWEEN
JARRING AND REPRESENTATIVES OF PARTIES. WE KNOW FROM
PAST DISCUSSIONS THAT GOC WOULD WELCOM IT IF
JARRING WERE TO CONTINUE TO MAKE NICOSIA HIS
NEGOTIATING HEADQUARTERS. COMPARED WITH NEW YORK, IT
WOULD CERTAINLY BE MORE CONVENIENT FOR PARTIES, FREER
AFTER OPENING PHASE FROM INUNDATION BY PRESS AND MEDIA
REPRESENTATIVES, AND LESS SUBJECT TO INFLUENCE FROM
FOUR POWERS, OTHER DELEGATIONS AND UNSYG. BUILDING
UPON UNFICYP STAFF IN NICOSIA, UN SHOULD FIND IT RELATIVELY
EASY TO PROVIDE WHATEVER SERVICES NEGOTIATORS MIGHT NEED.
3. THIS EMBASSY WOULD LIKE TO BE AS HELPFUL AS
POSSIBLE BUT WILL NOT OF COURSE MAKE ANY MOVES PENDING
AGREEMENT ON TALKS, DECISION ON SITE AND SUBSEQUENT
DEPARTMENT INSTRUCTIONS. GP-3.
POPPER
BT
NOTE: PASSED WHITE HOUSE 7/27/70
SECRETI
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
OF
STATE
WH
13
Department of State
UNITED STATES or
TELEGRAM
SECRET,
P 141250Z APR 70
36410
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
TO SECSTATE WASHDC PRIORITY 3415
1970 APR 14 AM 9
BT
SECRE T NICOSIA 590
Wd hl
NODIS
TION ROOM
WHITE HOUSE HOUSE
DEPT PASS TO AMMAN CAIRO TEL AVIV BEIRUT LONDON MOSCOW
PARIS JIDDA AND USMISSION USUN PRIORITY
5:41
1. DURING FAREWELL CONVERSATION WITH UNDER-SECRETARY GOHAR
AT ACIRO AIRPORT, SISCO SAID THERE WERE A FEW POINTS HE
HAD TOUCHED ON IN MEETING WITH FONMIN RIAD WHICH HE WANTED
TO RE-EMPHASIZE, SINCE HE KNEW THEY WERE OF PARTICULAR
CONCERN TO UARG, TO MAKE CERTAIN OUR POSITION NOT MIS-
UNDERSTOOD. GOHAR TOOK CAREFUL NOTES.
2. FIRST POINT, SISCO SAID, WAS QUESTION OF UAR SOVEREIGNTY
AT SHARM-AL-SHAYKH. OCT 28 DOCUMENT SPEAKS CLEARLY OF
ISRAELI WITHDRAWAL FROM UAR TERRITORY. IT ALSO CALLS FOR
PARTIES TO NEGOTIATE PRACTICAL SECURITY ARANGEMENTS IN
AND AROUND SHARM-AL-SHAYKH, TO ACHIEVE WHAT IS CALLED FOR
IN SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION 242: GUARANTEE OF FREE
PASSAGE FOR SHIPS OF ALL COUNTRIES THROUGH STRAITS OF
TIRAN. THIS PROVISION WAS NOT INTENDED TO PLACE IN QUEST-
ION UAR SOVEREIGNTY OVER UAR TERRITORY.
3. GAZA. SISCO SAID THAT FOR TIME BEING AT LEAST OUR POS-
ITION REMAINS THE SAME, NAMELY THAT WE CONNOT ACCEPT CON-
CEPT THAT ISRAEL SHOULD HAVE NO VOICE IN DISPOSITION OF
GAZA. WE DO NOT PRECLUDE POSSIBILITY THAT OUR IDEAS AND
THOSE OF UAR WOULD COME CLOSER AT SOME POINT. CHANCES OF
THIS HAPPENING WOULD BE ENHANCED IN CIRCUMSTANCES WHERE
PARTIES HAD INITIATED DIALOGUE ABOUT GAZA UNDER AUSPICES
OF AMBASSADOR JARRING. US HAD IDEAS ON GAZA QUESTION
WHICH WE HAVE DISCUSSED WITH KING HUSSEIN, BUT WE CAN
ONLY BEGIN TO EXERCISE OUR INFLUENCE WHEN THERE ARE NEG-
OTIATIONS. SISCO REPEATED THAT WE CANNOT ACCEPT VIEW THAT
ISRAEL SHOULD HAVE NO VOICE IN THIS MTTER; AFTER ALL, IT
IS NOW IN CONTROL OF GAZA.
4. SYRIA. OUR POSITION, SISCO SAID, IS THAT SYRIA CAN PLAY
NO REAL ROLE IN SETTLEMENT SO LONG AS IT HAS NOT ACCEPTED
SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION, AND HAS BEEN UNWILLING TO
RECEIVE JARRING. IF COMMON GROUND CAN BE ACHIDVED ON UAR
JND JORDANIAN ASPECTS OF SETTLEMENT, IT POSSIBLE SOME WAY
CAN BE FOUND FOR THERE TO BE SO ME APPROPRIATE REFERENCE
TO SYRIAN ASPECT OF SETTLEMENT. WE DO NOT PRECLUDE THIS
POSSIBILITY AT SOME STAGE BECAUSE WE FIND IT HARD TO
Reproduced SECRET at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
SECRET
-2- - NICOSIA 590 , NODIS
BELIEVE THAT SYRIA COULD STAY OUTMOYLTHE SETTLEMENT IF
COMMON GROUND WERE FOUND ON UAR QUESTION AT THIS STAGE,
SISCO SAID, SINCE IT IS A COMPLICATING FACTOR. WE RECOG-
NIZE THAT UAR FEELS SOME REFERENCE SHOULD BE MADE TO SYRIAN
APSECT. OUR RESPONSE, IN BRIEF, IS THAT THIS IS PREMATURE
FOR NOW, BUT WE ARE NOT CLOSING ANY DOORS.
5. JERUSALEM. SISCO NOTED THAT PRESIDENT NASSER HAD SAID
HE COULD NOT ACCEPT SETTLEMENT GIVING JERUSALEM TO ISRAELIS.
AS HE HAD SAID TO PRESIDENT NASSER, HE HOPES UAR CLEARLY
UNDERSTANDS THAT US PEACE PROPOSALS LEAVE QUESTION OF SOV-
EREIGNTY OVER JERUSALEM COMPLETELY OPEN FOR NEGOTIATIONS
WITHOUT PREJUDICE TO POSITION OF EITHER SIDE. US CONTINUES
TO HOLD WHAT HAS BEEN CONSISTNT US POSITION THAT WE DO NOT
RECOGNIZE SOVEREIGNTY OF EITHER ISRAEL OR JORDAN IN JER-
USALEM. AMERICAN PROPOSALS DO NOT GIVE JERUSALEM. AMERICAN
PROPOSALS DO NOT GIVE JERUSALEM TO ISRAEL AND SPECIFICALLY
PROVIDE THAT THERE SHALL BE JORDANIAN ROLE IN CITY.
GP- 1
POPPER
NOTE: NOT PASSED AMMAN CAIRO TEL AVIV BEIRUT LONDON
MOSÇOW PARIS JIDDA USUN BY OC/T
SECRET Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
NIXON PRESIDENTIAL MATERIALS PROJECT
DOCUMENT CONTROL RECORD
ITEM REMOVED FROM THIS FILE FOLDER
A RESTRICTED DOCUMENT OR CASE FILE HAS BEEN REMOYED FROM
THIS FILE FOLDER FOR A DESCRIPTION OF THE ITEM REMOVED
AND THE REASON FOR ITS REMOVAL, CONSULT DOCUMENT ENTRY
NUMBER 250 ON EITHER THE DOCUMENT WITHORAWAL RECORD
(GSA FORM 7279 OR NA FORM 142 ) OR NARA WITHDRAWAL SHEET
(GSA FORM 7122) LOCATED IN THE FRONT OF THIS FILE FOLDER
NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION
NLN Form 101 (revised 6-85
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
DEPA TMRNT OF STATE
WH 9
Department of State
OF STATES AMERICA UNITED
TELEGRAM
SECRET
R 291030Z DEC 69
FM AMEMBASSY NICOSIA
5000Q
TO SECSTATE WASHDC 3140
1969 DEC 29 AM 7 57
BT
SECRE T NICOSIA 1991
NODIS
FROM AMBASSADOR FOR HENRY KISSINGER
SUBJECT: ADMIRAL ANDERSON'S VISIT
REF: STATE 204310
1. FOLLOWING RECEIPT REFTEL, I ARRANGED FULL SCHEDULE
FOR ADMIRAL ANDERSON DURING HIS BRIEF STAY. HE HAD THREE-
HOUR BRIEFING WITH APPROPRIATE MEMBERS COUNTRY TEAM, SHORT
TOUR OF NICOFIA GREEN LINE AREA, LUNCHEON WITH MARSHAL
SIR DENIS SMALLWOOD WHO COMMANDS BRITISH BASES HERE AND
BRITISH FORCES NEAR EAST, TEA WITH OSMAN OREK, TURK CYPRIOT
EX-MINISTER OF DEFENSE AND NUMBER TWO IN LOCAL TURKISH
COMMUNITY, AND DRINKS WITH GROUP INCLUDING GOC SPOKESMAN
(MINISTER OF COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY AND SOMETIME ACTING
FONMIN NICOS DIMITRIOU), FONOFF DIRGEN VENIAMIN, UK AND
CANADIAN HICOMERS AND BRIG LISLIE, CHIEF OF STAFF UNFICYP.
2. THIS WAS A GRUELING WORKOUT, BUT THE ADMIRAL NEVER
TIRED. HE ASKED MANY PERCEPTIVE QUESTIONS ON THE CYPRUS
PROBLEM; US, UK AND SOVIET OPERATIONS IN CYPRUS; IMPLICATIONS
FOR NATO; AND MORE BROADLY, MEANS OF MAINTAINING
US INFLUENCE IN THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN. THERE WAS NO
PUBLICITY. CONTACTS WITH GREEK AND TURKISH CYPRIOTS WERE
HIGHEST WE COULD ARRANGE WITHOUT RISKING NEWSPAPER COMMENT.
GP-1.
POPPER
Reproduced a the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
CONFIDENTIAL
WH
NODIS
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
COPY 8 OF 15 COPIES
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
'73 SEP 18 AM 8:38
TELEGRAM
CONTROL: 3903Q
WHITE HOUSE
SITUATION ROOM
HAK
0 172158Z SEP 73 ZFF4
SCOWCROFT
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA IMMEDIATE 5001
BT
CONFIDENTIALSTATE 184655
NODIS
E.O. 11652: GDS
TAGS: OGEN
NODIU
SUBJECT: TEMPORARY DUTY IN WASHINGTON
REF: STATE 183093
FOR AMBASSADOR MCCLOSKEY
1. IA 1001-400822, SEPTEMBER 14, AUTHORIZES YOUR TRAVEL
FROM NICOSIA TO WASHINGTON, D.C., TEMPORARY DUTY FOR A
PERIOD OF APPROXIMATELY THIRTY DAYS, AND RETURN UPON
COMPLETION OF THE TDY PERIOD.
2. CHARGE 1940113, 1001, OBLIGATION 400822. RUSH
NODIS
S/S-EX: RMMILLER: JFP
9/17/73 EXT. 20982
S/S-EX:RMMILLER
S/S:SRGAMMON
CONFIDENTIAL
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
gift
ZODIU
ZO
8
DEPARTMENT OF STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
CONFIDENTIAL
0 141631Z SEP 73 ZFF4
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA IMMEDIATE 4998
CONTROL: 3276Q
BT
RECD: SEP 73Z 16 42
C ONFIDENTIAL STATE 183093
NODIS
UATION ROOM
HTE HOUSE
NODIS
FOR AMBASSADOR FROM EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
"73 14 PM 8:28
E.O. 11652 GDS
TAGS: OGEN
SUBJECT; TEMPORARY DUTY IN WASHINGTON
REF: (A) NICOSIA 1957; (B) STATE 182238
1. WE ARE PLEASED THAT YOU WILL BE ABLE CARRY OUT PROGRAM
ENVISAGED PARA 1 REFTEL B. YOU SHOULD PROCEED WITH TRAVEL
PLANS AND EMBASSY STATEMENT AS DESCRIBED REFTEL A.
2. WE WILL SEND TRAVEL AND TEMPORARY DUTY ORDERS BY SEPTEL.
RUSH
BT
#3093
DRAFTED BY: S/S: SRGRAMMON
APPROVED BY: S/S:MR. PICKERING
CLEARANCES: NEA - MR. SISCO
200-2
CONFIDENTIAL
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
COPY 6 OF 15 COPIES
OF STATE
WH Scoweroft
202-2
Department of State
Caphbuger
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
EL6
0 132026Z SEP 73 ZFF4
SEP
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA NIACT IMMEDIATE 4995
CONTROL: 98 8Q
BT
C ONFIDENTIALSTATE 182238
TE HOUSE
Wd
NODIS
11:14
E.O. 11652: GDS
TAGS: OGEN
ZODIS
SUBJECT: TEMPORARY DUTY IN WASHINGTON
EYES ONLY FOR AMBASSADOR FROM EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
1. SECRETARY-DESIGNATE, AS HE DISCUSSED WITH YOU AT
SAN CLEMENTE, WISHES VERY MUCH TO HAVE YOU RETURN FOR
A PERIOD OF NOT LONGER THAN 30 DAYS TEMPORARY DUTY WITH
HIM. PURPOSE WOULD BE TO ASSIST IN BREAKING IN A NEW
SPOKESMAN FOR THE DEPARTMENT, AND GENERALLY ASSISTING
WITH MAJOR PRESS RELATIONS ISSUES, INCLUDING, IF
REQUIRED, TRIPS TO UNGA AND CHINA.
2. ACTING SECRETARY FULLY CONCURS IN YOUR RETURN ON
BASIS OF UNDERSTANDING THAT THIS IS PERIOD OF TEMPORARY
DUTY ONLY AND THAT YOU WILL THEREAFTER RETURN TO YOUR
POST.
N
3. WISH TO HAVE YOUR OWN JUDGMENT ON IMPACT YOUR
DEPARTURE FOR SUCH PERIOD OF TIME ON OUR RELATIONS
0
WITH CYPRUS. YOU WOULD BE AUTHORIZED TO INDICATE TO
CYPRUS GOVERNMENT THAT YOUR DEPARTURE IS FOR 30-DAY
PERIOD FOR PURPOSE INDICATED ABOVE. IN ADDITION, IF
D
YOU THOUGHT IT REQUIRED, YOU WOULD BE AUTHORIZED TO MAKE
PUBLIC STATEMENT TO THAT EFFECT ON YOUR DEPARTURE.
4. PENDING YOUR ASSESSMENT OF LOCAL REACTION, AND
ASSUMING THAT SUCH PROBLEMS AS MAY BE RAISED COULD BE
HANDLED, WE WOULD WISH TO HAVE YOU IN WASHINGTON FOR
S
DUTY ON OR ABOUT SEPTEMBER 21.
5. PLEASE REPLY BY RETURN CABLE THIS CHANNEL. RUSH
THE ACTING SECRETARY {SUBS} S/S: TRPICKERING: AL
WH - MR. eagleburger {SUBS} 9/13/73 22540
I
NEA MR. SISCO {SUBS
S/S: TRPICKERING
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHO THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
No Objection To Declassification 2008/09/05 NLN-NSC FILES-592-3-36-7
NI
WH
8
'72
200-0
OF STATE
Department of State
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
TELEGRAM
SECRET
AM
CONTROL: 8577 8.
am
R 0100032 JUL 72 ZFF4
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
Received: June 30, 1972 839 PM
TO AMEMBASSY NICOSIA 3833
BT
SECRET STATE 119422
NODIS
NO FOREIGN NATIONALS
SUBJ: CYPRUS: TURKISH HELICOPIER FLIGHTS AND SUSPECTED
ZODIS
ARMS DELIVERIES
25X1
REF: NICOSIA 1305
2. AS EXPLAINED TO YOU IN STATE 116003, ACTION TAKEN WAS
NOT CLEARED WITH NEA NOR WAS NEA INFORMED AFTER THE EVENT.
DEPARTMENT HAS TAKEN STEPS TO PREVENT RECURRENCE. WE ALSO
CONSIDERING WHAT DAMAGE LIMITATION EFFORTS WE CAN TAKE ON
THIS END.
3. BASIC PROBLEM APPEARS TO BE THAT BRITISH NOT BEING
CANDID WITH US REGARDING CYPRUS. WHAT DO YOU THINK ABOUT
POSSIBLE APPROACH TO BRITISH EMBASSY INTELLIGENCE LIAISON
ZOD-S
OFFICER HERE WITH FRANK STATEMENT THAT IT IS HIGH TIME WE
REVERTED TO LONG-ESTABLISHED INFORMATION EXCHANGE POLICY
ON CYPRUS AND THAT UK HIGH COMMISSION IN NICOSIA BE
State Dept. review completed
INSTRUCTED TO ACT ACCORDINGLY.
CLASSIFIED BY T. D. BOYATT; EXEMPT FROM GDS OF E.O. 11652
EXEMPTION CATEGORY 5B (1). IRWIN
BT
Drafted by: NEA/CYP: TDBoyatt Approved by: NEA: RPDavies
Clearances: INR/DRR- Mr. Mark (draft) J- Mr. Peck (draft)
S/S- Mr. Curran
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SE
No Objection To Declassification 2008/09/05 NLN-NSC FILES-592-3-36-7
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
Copy
of 15 copies
OF SHIT OF STE
Department of State
1
AMERICA
TELEGRAM
STATES
SECRET
0 182354Z JUL 74 ZFF4
CONTROL: 5171Q
FM SECSTATE WASHDC
RECD:
July 18 1974
11.06 PM
TO GUQMQC/AMEMBASSY NICOSIA NIACT IMMEDIATE 0000
RUDTC/AMEMDASSY LONDON NIACT IMMEDIATE 0000
RUFMPS/AMEMBASSY PARIS NIACT IMMEDIATE 0000
RUFHOL/AMEMBASSY GONN NIACT IMMEDIATE 0000
RUCMAT/AMEMBASSY ATHENS NIACT IMMEDIATE 0000
RUQMGU/AMEMBASSY ANKARA NIACT MMEDIATE 0000
RUFHNA/USMISSION NATO NIACT IMMEDIATE 0000
RUEHOT/USMISSION USUN NEW YORK NIACT IMMEDIATE 0000
RUSNAAA/USCINCEUR NIACT IMMEDIATE
RUEHEX/THE WHITE HOUSE NIACT IMMEDIATE
BT
SECRET STATE 156312
NODIS
TOPOL 20; TOSEC 4
WHITE HOUSE PASS SAN CLEMENTE FOR EAGLEBURGER FOR SECRETARY
E.O. 11652: GOS
TAGS: PEOR CYP
SUBJECT: POLICY CONSIDERATIONS IN CYPRUS SITUATION
1. OUR PR NCIPAL OBJECTIVES AT THIS TIME ARE (A) TO PRE-
VENT A TURKISH DECISION TO NTERVENE MILITAR LY, AND (8) TO
AVOID THE DEVELOPMENT OF POSITIONS BY OTHER COUNTRIES WHICH
MIGHT CONTRIBUTE TO THE OUTBREAK OF CIVIL WAR IN CYPRUS.
IN EITHER EVENT, THE SOVIETS WOULD EXPLOIT THE SITUATION TO
THEIR ADVANTAGE, THUS ENHANCING THEIR POSITION IN THE
EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN AND STRENGTHENING THE COMMUNISTS IN
CYPRUS.
2. WE MUST, THEREFORE, SEEK TO SLOW DOWN ACTIONS EITHER BY
IND VIDUAL COUNTRIES OR WITHIN THE UN WHICH MIGHT TEND TO
FREE PITATE E THER OF THE ABOVE TWO EVENTS AND ENDEAVOR TO
GA N TIME TO DEVELOP A SITUATION WHERE A NEGOTIATED SETTLE-
JENT 01 CYPRUS CAN BE ACHIEVED. THE IDEAL SOLUTION WOULD
BE TO OBTAIN'A NEGOTIATED AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE UK, TURKEY
AND GREECE AS THE GUARANTOR POWERS.
3. THE SITUATION IS THAT WHILE MAKARIOS REMAINS THE DE
JURP PRESIDENT OF CYPRUS, A DE FACTO REGIME EXISTS ON THE
COLAND AND IT HAS ESTABLISHED FULL CONTROL. IT SEEMS UN-
SECRET
NOT TO BE REPRODUCED W THOUT THE AUTHORIZAT ON OI THE EXECUTIVE SECRET
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.
O,e state
Department of State
MERICA
TELEGRAM
STATES
OF
SECRET
-2 - State 156312
LIKELY THAT MAKARIOS CAN REESTABLISH HIMSELF WITHOUT OUT-
S 0 £ SUPPORT. IF THE UN IS PERMITTED TO ADOPT A RESOLUTION
WHICH LEGITIMIZES MAKARIOS' POSITION AND CALLS FOR HIS
RETURN ON THE POSSIBLE PAIN OF SANCTIONS, THEN IN THE WAKE
OF CERTAIN REFUSAL OF THE WESTERN POWERS TO UNDERTAKE THIS
WISS ON. THE SOVIETS WOULD UNDOUBTEDLY ENDEAVOR TO FILL
THE VOID, WITH ALL ITS IMPLICATIONS. MAKARIOS' RETURN TO
CYPRUS UNDER THESE CONDITIONS WOULD ONLY ENHANCE THE
SOV ET POSITION IN THE MEDITERRANEAN AND THAT OF THE COM-
MUN STS 18 CYPRUS.
to WHILE THE TURKISH GOVERNMENT IS PRESENTLY SUPPORTING
THE RETURN OF MAKARIOS, ITS DEMANDS TO IMPROVE ITS STRA-
TEG C POSITION ON THE ISLAND WOULD NOT BE VIABLE SINCE IF
MARIOD CHOULD RETURN UNDER THESE CONDITIONS, HE WOULD BE
MG TO APPEAR AS A TURKISH SATELLITE AND WOULD LOOX
TO 00 STOW SUPPORT, IN ALL PROBABIL TY THE COMMUNISTS, TO
COUNTERDALANCE THE TURK SH POSITION. WE MUST, THEREFORE,
WIGE THE TURKS TO TAKE A LONG-RANGE VIEW OF THE SITUATION
AND RECOGNIZE THAT THEIR PRESENT POSTURE COULD BE SERIOUS-
LY DETRIMENTAL TO THEIR INTERESTS.
5. WE ALSO BELIEVE THAT THE UK, IN CONSIDERING ITS PRES-
ENT COURSE. MUST FACE UP TO THE PROBABILITY THAT MAKARIOS
CANNOT BEIRESTORED BY POLITICAL MEANS AND MUST RECOGNIZE
THE FACT THAT IT DOES NOT HAVE THE MEANS TO ACCOMPLISH
T'S IN ANY OTHER FORM.
E. WITH RESPECT TO GREECE, IT IS QUITE CLEAR THAT THE RE-
E RH OF MAKARIOS WOULD BE TOTALLY UNACCEPTABLE SINCE THE
" OLE 0.JECTIVE OF THE REGIME HAS BEEN THE REMOVAL OF
MOREOVER, MARARIOS' RETURN COULD ONLY BE ACCOM-
PLASHED THROUGH THE REMOVAL OF THE SAMPSON REG ME AND THE
MITHORAWAL OF THE GREEK OFFICERS OF THE NATIONAL GUARD.
10 MAKARIDS WERE RESTORED UNDER THESE COND i ONS, THE IN-
".. CHICE OF ATHENS IN CYPRUS WOULD BE REDUCED, AND THE
CONSEQUENT WEAKENING OF THE BALANCE OF FORCE WOULD TEND TO
MAKE MAKARIOS PLACE GREATER RELIANCE ON THE COMMUNISTS AND
ON THE EASTERN BLOC.
7. THE SAMPSON REGIME IS CLEARLY UNACCEPTABLE TO THE
TURNS AND TO A GOOD PART OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY.
THE US ALSO CANNOT ACCEPT THE SAMPSON REG ME. HOWEVER, IT
SEGRET
NOI TO BE REP IDDUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZAT ON OF THE EXECUTIVE SEC
DECLASSIFIED This document has been Reproduced reviewed pursuant at the Richard to Executive Nixon Presidential Order 13526 Library and has been determined to be declassified.
Op
STATE
Department of State
1 STATES of ?
TELEGRA!
SECRET
-3- State 156312
IS NOW IN PLACE AND WE BELIEVE IT WOULD BE UNWISE TO SEEK
THE REMOV, OF SAMPSON UNTIL A SUBSTITUTE SOLUTION IS IN
SIGHT. WITH REGARD TO THE GREEK OFFICERS OF THE NATIONAL
GUARD, WE BEL EVE THAT IT WOULD BE A MISTAKE TO TAKE ANY
TOS TION ON THAT MATTER FOR THE REASON OUTLINED IN PARA 6
ABOVE ANDIPENDING THE DEVELOPMENT OF A NEGOTIATED SOLU-
T ON. HOWEVER, WE ARE NOT COMMITTED TO THE CONT NUING
PRESENCE OF GREEK OFFICERS IN THE NATIONAL GUARD.
6. IT IS IMPORTANT THAT OUR FRIENOS AND ALLIES UNDERSTAND
THAT ANY COURSE OF ACTION RELATING TO CYPRUS WHICH RESULTS
IN T E OVERTHROW OF THE GREEK REGIME, OPENS UP THE EASTERN
MEDITERRANEAN TO SOVIET MEDDLING AND EXPLOITAT ON, AND IN-
VITES ACTIVE TURKISH INTERVENTION WOULD INITIATE A COURSE
OF EVENTS WHICH WOULD BE UNPREDICTABLE, DIFFICULT IF NOT
IMPOSS DLE TO CONTROL, AND WH CH WOULD HAVE SERIOUSLY
DAMAGING EFFECTS ON WESTERN INTERESTS.
9. THE RUST OF OUR POSITION AT THIS TIME, THEREFORE, IS
70 AVOID ASSUMING A PUBLIC POSTURE WHICH COMMITS US TO ANY
0 INCULAR COURSE OF ACTION. WE VIEW AS UNLIKELY THE
RESTORATION OF MAKARIOS AND WE 00 NOT ACCEPT A SAMPSON
REGIME. CONSEQUENTLY, THE SITUATION IN FAVOR OF EITHER
O'E OR THE OTHER SHOULD NOT BE ALLOWED TO FREEZE, THUS
CREATING THE CONDITIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A COMPRO-
MISE AND NEGOTIATED SETTLEMENT WHICH WOULD PERM T THE
MAINTENANCE OF CONSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS IN CYPRUS, BOTH
N THEIR NTERNAL AND EXTERNAL ASPECTS.
TO. FOR AMBASSADORS OR CHARGES: ABOVE SHOULD BE USED
ONLY % YOUR DISCUSSIONS WITH HIGHEST LEVEL OF GOVERNMENT
TO WHICH ACCREDITED.
19, FOR AMBASSADOR RUVSFELD: YOU MAY USE ABOVE IN BRIEF-
NG LUNS ON US ANALYSIS OF CYPRUS SITUATION, BUT FOR OBVI-
OUS REASONS CANNOT BE USED IN NAC SESSION. HOWEVER, YOU
Visa AUT. ORIZED IN NAC SESSION TO SEEK TO SLOW DOWN ANY
NOVES WHICH MIGHT COMPROMISE OUR OBJECTIVES AS OUTLINED.
GERSOLL
EU LSTABLER:ENT
7/10/74:21010
S - T E E SECRETARY
S/S MR. FRY
S/AM in AMB. MCCLOSKEY
NO TO BL REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE SEGREE AUTHORIZATION OF THE FXRC
Reproduced at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library
DECLASSIFIED This document has been reviewed pursuant to Executive Order 13526 and has been determined to be declassified.