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This file contains:
Schedule Plan- States to be and Not to be Visited. 2 pages [Memo], n.d.
Table of Expected Electoral Votes. Author unknown for the New York Times. Not scanned. [Newspaper], 9/14/1968
1968 Congressional Races- Prospects for GOP Pick-ups. 3 pages. [Report], 9/15/1968
Will HHH Come in Third? Unknown author for Newsweek. Not scanned. [Newspaper], 9/23/1968
Battleground: Calif., Ill. Mich., N.Y., Ohio, Penn., Tex. [Memo], n.d.
Plan 270: Schedule Committee. 2 pages. Duplicate not scanned. [Memo], n.d.
Had written notes on Hopless, Sure, and Contested States. 2 pages. [Memo], n.d.
From: Bob. Re: Phone Call Campaign. 4 pages. [Memo], n.d.
To: Nixon. From: Buchanan. Re: Some thoughts on Strategy. 4 pages. [Memo], 8/15/1968
Schedule Planning June-October. 3 pages. [Memo], n.d.
Schedule Committee- Further Classification of the Hopless States.2 pages. [Memo], n.d.
Handwritten note on States. [Memo], n.d.
To: Schedule Committee. From: John Whitaker. Re: Electoral Breakdown Based on State Classifications. [Memo], n.d.
To: Bob Haldeman. From: John Whitaker.Re: RN '68 Campaign Schedule.8 pages. [Memo], 7/11/1968
Memorandum on the Organization Of The Campaign Together with Which States Can Be Carried In November And How. 49 pages. [Memo], n.d.
To: RN. From: John Sears. Re: General Analysis Of How Money, Candidate's Time, Vice President's Time And Other Prominent Figure's Time Should Be Spent On The Campaign. 7 pages. [Memo], 7/19/1968
To: Nixon. From: Haldeman. Re: Campaigning and Implementation. 15 pages. [Memo], 6/20/1968
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26126869
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WHSF: Returned, 33-12
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WHSF: Returned, 33-12
description
This file contains:
Schedule Plan- States to be and Not to be Visited. 2 pages [Memo], n.d.
Table of Expected Electoral Votes. Author unknown for the New York Times. Not scanned. [Newspaper], 9/14/1968
1968 Congressional Races- Prospects for GOP Pick-ups. 3 pages. [Report], 9/15/1968
Will HHH Come in Third? Unknown author for Newsweek. Not scanned. [Newspaper], 9/23/1968
Battleground: Calif., Ill. Mich., N.Y., Ohio, Penn., Tex. [Memo], n.d.
Plan 270: Schedule Committee. 2 pages. Duplicate not scanned. [Memo], n.d.
Had written notes on Hopless, Sure, and Contested States. 2 pages. [Memo], n.d.
From: Bob. Re: Phone Call Campaign. 4 pages. [Memo], n.d.
To: Nixon. From: Buchanan. Re: Some thoughts on Strategy. 4 pages. [Memo], 8/15/1968
Schedule Planning June-October. 3 pages. [Memo], n.d.
Schedule Committee- Further Classification of the Hopless States.2 pages. [Memo], n.d.
Handwritten note on States. [Memo], n.d.
To: Schedule Committee. From: John Whitaker. Re: Electoral Breakdown Based on State Classifications. [Memo], n.d.
To: Bob Haldeman. From: John Whitaker.Re: RN '68 Campaign Schedule.8 pages. [Memo], 7/11/1968
Memorandum on the Organization Of The Campaign Together with Which States Can Be Carried In November And How. 49 pages. [Memo], n.d.
To: RN. From: John Sears. Re: General Analysis Of How Money, Candidate's Time, Vice President's Time And Other Prominent Figure's Time Should Be Spent On The Campaign. 7 pages. [Memo], 7/19/1968
To: Nixon. From: Haldeman. Re: Campaigning and Implementation. 15 pages. [Memo], 6/20/1968
citationUrl
collections
Richard M. Nixon's Returned Materials Collection
Returned White House Special Files
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26126869
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ocrText
Richard Nixon Presidential Library
White House Special Files Collection
Folder List
Box Number
Folder Number
Document Date
Document Type
Document Description
33
12
n.d.
Memo
Schedule Plan- States to be and Not to be
Visited. 2 pages
33
12
09/14/1968
Newspaper
Table of Expected Electoral Votes. Author
unknown for the New York Times. Not
scanned.
33
12
09/15/1968
Report
1968 Congressional Races- Prospects for
GOP Pick-ups. 3 pages.
33
12
09/23/1968
Newspaper
Will HHH Come in Third? Unknown author
for Newsweek. Not scanned.
33
12
n.d.
Memo
Battleground: Calif., Ill. Mich., N.Y., Ohio,
Penn., Tex.
33
12
n.d.
Memo
Plan 270: Schedule Committee. 2 pages.
Duplicate not scanned.
Friday, January 04, 2008
Page 1 of 3
Box Number Folder Number Document Date
Document Type
Document Description
33
12
n.d.
Memo
Had written notes on Hopless, Sure, and
Contested States. 2 pages.
33
12
n.d.
Memo
From: Bob. Re: Phone Call Campaign. 4
pages.
33
12
08/15/1968
Memo
To: Nixon. From: Buchanan. Re: Some
thoughts on Strategy. 4 pages.
33
12
n.d.
Memo
Schedule Planning June-October. 3 pages.
33
12
n.d.
Memo
Schedule Committee- Further Classification
of the Hopless States.2 pages.
33
12
n.d.
Memo
Handwritten note on States.
33
12
n.d.
Memo
To: Schedule Committee. From: John
Whitaker. Re: Electoral Breakdown Based
on State Classifications.
Friday, February 15, 2008
Page 2 of 3
Box Number Folder Number Document Date
Document Type
Document Description
33
12
07/11/1968
Memo
To: Bob Haldeman. From: John
Whitaker. Re: RN '68 Campaign Schedule.8
pages.
33
12
n.d.
Memo
Memorandum on the Organization Of The
Campaign Together with Which States Can
Be Carried In November And How. 49 pages.
33
12
07/19/1968
Memo
To: RN. From: John Sears. Re: General
Analysis Of How Money, Candidate's Time,
Vice President's Time And Other Prominent
Figure's Time Should Be Spent On The
Campaign. 7 pages.
33
12
06/20/1968
Memo
To: Nixon. From: Haldeman. Re:
Campaigning and Implementation. 15 pages.
Friday, January 04, 2008
Page 3 of 3
Schedule Plan
States to be Visited
major Battbyround
General Battleground
40 California
6 Colorado N
26 Illinois
14 Florida N
21 michigan
12 Georgia? w
26 Ohio
9 Kentusky N
29 Pennsylvania
14 Massachusetts H
,42
12 Missouri ?
43 New york
17 New fersey N
25 Texas
13 No. Cawlina ?
11 Tennessee N
12 Virginia
N
9 Washington U
Sure States
12 Wisconsin N
13 Indiana (home)
M1
-
9 towa (form)
8 So. Carolina
8 Oklahoma (Bellmon)
10 Maryland
4 Utah (mormon)
1
34
159
as
States Not Visited
Hopeless
Jeaning
10 alabama W
3 alaska N
3 D.C.
H
6 Cerkansas H
10 Louisiana W
8 Connecticut H
10 Mimessota H
3 Delawan N
7 Mississippi w
4 Hawaii H
4 Rhode Island H
3 Nevada N
7 W. Virginia H
4 New Mexico H
51
4 N.Dakota ?
6 Oregon N
4 S.Dakota N
45
Sure
5 arizona
4 Idaho
7 Kansas
4 maine
4 Montana
5 Nebraska
4 N. Hampshire
3 Vermont
73=34+39
3 Wyoming
Congressional Races - 1968
Prospects for GOP Pick-ups
9/15/68
Needed to
No. of
Likely
Good
Outside
control state
State
District
Location
Chance
Chance
Chance
delegation
Alabama
7
Gadsden
X
2 seats
Arkansas
1
N.E. area of state
X
2 seats
California
29
Alhambra
X
*
3 seats
22
Northridge
X
34
Los Alimitos
X
9
Santa Clara
X
17
Torrance
X
Colorado
3
Colorado Springs
X
2 seats
1
Denver
X
Connecticut
2
New London
X
3 seats
4
Bridgeport
X
1
Hartford
X
Florida
4
Daytona Beach
X
4 seats
12
South Miami
X
7
Sarasota
X
9
Palm Beach
X
Georgia
1
Savannah
X
4 seats
Illinois
3
Chicago
X
* 1 seat
11
Chicago
X
21
Carbondale
X
23
Vandalia
X
5
Chicago
X
Indiana
9
Columbus
X
3
South Bend
X
10
Muncie
X
11
Indianapolis
X
Iowa
2
Cedar Rapids
X
Kentucky
6
Lixington
X
1 seat
Louisiana
2
New Orleans
X
5 seats
Maine
1
Bangor
X
* 2 seats
2
Portland
X
Maryland
5
Prince George County
X
2 seats
Massachusetts
3
Newton
X
2 seats
7
Lynn
X
Minnesota
4
St. Paul
X
5
Minneapolis
X
Missouri
6
St. Joseph
X
4 seats
9
N.E. area of state
X
Montana
1
Helena
X
*
1 seat
New Jersey
3
Monmouth County
X
*
2 seats
9
Hackensack
X
4
Trenton
X
New Mexico
1
Albuquerque
X
*
2 seats
2
Santa Fe
X
* Target state for control of state delegation
( CKMcW )
2
Needed to
control state
No. of
Likely
Good
Outside
delegation
Location
State
District
Chance
Chance
Chance
New York
28
Kingston
X
6 seats
34
Syracuse
X
3
Nassau County
X
5
Nassau County
X
27
Middletown
X
15
Brooklyn
X
16
Staten Island
X
25
Westchester County
X
35
Auburn
X
39
Buffalo
X
North Carolina
6
Greensboro
X
*
3 seats
5
Winston-Salem
X
8
Salisbury
X
11
Asheville
X
Oklahoma
6
Enid
X
2
Bartlesville
X
Oregon
2
Salem
X
* 1 seat
3
Portland
X
Pennsylvania
6
Reading
X
* 1 seat
4
Philadelphia
X
15
Allentown
X
24
Erie
X
Rhode Island
2
Providence
X
2 seats
1
Providence
X
South Carolina
3
Anderson
X
3 seats
4
Greenville
X
Tennessee
7
Memphis/Jackson
X
*
1 seat
Texas
13
Dallas/Wichita Falls
X
9 seats
21
Odessa/San Antonio
X
10
Austin
X
5
Dallas
X
22
Houston
X
Virginia
2
Norfolk
X
*
2 seats
7
Charlottesville
X
3
Richmond
X
5
Danville
X
Washington
2
Everett
X
2 seats
6
Tacoma
X
19
26
37
* Target state for control of state delegation
(CKMcW)
Congressional Races - 1968
Prospects for Democratic Pick-ups
9/15/68
No. of
State
District
Location
Comment
Alabama
1
Mobile
All three GOP incumbents in Alabama
2
Montgomery
are nervous over impact of Wallace
6
Birmingham
landslide in state
Maryland
6
Frederick
Seat vacated by Mathias - could be close
Missouri
2
St. Louis County
Seat vacated by Curtis - could be close
North Carolina
4
Durham
Seat vacated by Gardner - tough race
10
Hickory
Broyhill and Whitener put in same district
North Dakota
2
Bismarck
Kleppe's district - a third party candidate
supporting Wallace with same name as Kleppe
( a cousin) has created a problem
Ohio
22
Cleveland
Mrs. Bolton put in same district with Vanik
RN will have to run strong to save seat
23
Cleveland
Bill Minshall has touch fight because of
redistricting
Oklahoma
4
Central Oklahoma
Jim Smith put in same district with Steed
Pennsylvania
19
York
Goodling has tough opponent in close district
West Virginia
1
Wheeling/Clarksburg Seat vacated by Arch Moore - tough race
(CKMcW)
Battleground
Calif - /- S.Clara Rally; 3-State TV, prop Bak, Freso
5-LArally; -main, Solines, 5.Wige
Illinois - State TV; 4-Cbosub. ratly
5-Pecria; 8 8-train day
Michigan 5-State TV; - 8-trainday
N.Yoh- 2.State TV; 4-Syeaws non,
6- SuffoNassan Shop to 8-Buff Roch T
8- Brookly Wall st
This - 2-State TV; Y-Clev shop oth Polish
8-2 traindays + Cinci & Col. rallies
Penna - 1-Pittsceipat bahan; 3-State N, Phil shopeth;
4-Erie prop; 7- trainday Pitts rally
8-W.b+Scrat. 9-Phil sub motorcade trally
Texas. - Houston rally; 5-Dallas rally +StataTV
Plan
270
/
lopilers X - 9
108
Schedule Committee
lune.
© - 13
73
Time
Page Two
B - 7
184
0
X10 ALABAMA
#. 22
+12
92
Hopeless Wallace
1
0
+3 ALASKA
= 4 37
0
0
5
Battleground RN agrew
06
44
ARIZONA
173
RN
I
06 ARKANSAS
segar
3
Battleground - leaning Humphrey
= B40 CALIFORNIA
I
Battleground toss up
+6 COLORADO
Denver easy
13 Sure
73
Battleground leaning RN
2
08 CONNECTICUT
2B +
52
Battleground - leaning Humphrey
125
+3 DELAWARE
Battleground - leaning RN
12
+
92
0
0
X3 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
2
Hopeless
Short 53
217
+14 FLORIDA
Calif
+
one
B =
103
Battleground . leaning RN
2
0/2 GEORGIA
Battleground - leaning Humphrey
320
/
0
0 4 HAWAII
=
37
Battleground - leaning Humphrey
O
0
4
IDAHO
3
RN
357
+
B
26 ILLINOIS
Battleground - leaning RN
O
13
INDIANA
0
RN Indianapolis
29 states
9
IOWA
RN
0
we have to carry
0
7
KANSAS
2
RN
+ 9 KENTUCKY
Battleground - leaning RN
22 - mo campaigning
0
X 10 LOUISIANA
Hopeless Wallace
10 - / carry 6
0
12
0
4
MAINE
- 2
carry 6
RN
2
10 MARYLAND
7
- 3
Carry 4
Battleground - leaning Humphrey
-
O
X14 MASSACHUSETTS Barn OQ+A
29
-
Hopeless - Humphrey
campaign
Carry 16
3 = B 21 MICHIGAN
motorcade
Battleground - toss up
0
?
X 10 MINNESOTA
Hopeless - Humphrey ?
0
0 X 7 MISSISSIPPI
Hopeless Wallace
2
\
= 12 MISSOURI St. doins
Battleground - toss up
0
0
4
MONTANA
RN
Schedule Committee
Page Three
0
0
5)
NEBRASKA
/
RN
+3 NEVADA
Battleground - leaning RN
0
0
4
NEW HAMPSHIRE
RN
a3 = B 17 NEW JERSEY
tagner be
/
004 NEW MEXICO
Battleground - toss up learn N
Battleground - leaning Humphrey
0
?
X43 NEW YORK
Hopeless 7 (but John Mitchell disagreed with this classification)
2
=13 NORTH CAROLINA
Battleground - toss up
/
0 = 4 NORTH DAKOTA
3
Battleground . - toss up
+ B 26 OHIO
0
Battleground - leaning RN
8
OKLAHOMA
RN ? Bellmon
L
0
+6 OREGON
Battleground - - leaning RN
3 0 B 29 PENNSYLVANIA
Battleground - leaning Humphrey
0
0
X4 RHODE ISLAND
Hopeless - Humphrey
2
?
= 8 SOUTH CAROLINA
1
Battleground - toss up learning
3
0
4 SOUTH DAKOTA
2
Battleground - leaning RN
+11 TENNESSEE
Battleground - leaning RN
a3 = B 25 TEXAS
0
Battleground - hopeless if Connelly on ticket
4
UTAH
0
RN Mormon Mormontemple temple
0
3
VERMONT
2
RN
+12 VIRGINIA
2
Battleground - leaning RN
+ 9 WASHINGTON STATE
Battleground Seattle - leaning RN
0
0
X7 WEST VIRGINIA
2
Hopeless
+ 12 WISCONSIN
0
Battleground - leaning RN
0
3
WYOMING
RN
States
Hopeless
Sure
Contested
X alabama 10
arijona
5
D alaska + 3
X DC
x
3
w Idaho
4
21 Arkansas - 6
? Louinana 10 gor Indiana 13
? Massachusetts14
gor Iowa
9
v3t California ? yo
1 Colerado + 6
?minnesota ? 10
Kausas
7
?R Corn. - 8
X Mississippi
maine
104
?1 Delaware + 3
? New yok
Montana 4
na Florida + 14
? Rhode Island
Nebraska 5
v2 Meorgia - - 12
? W. Virginia x7
w N. Hampshire 4.
0 Hawaii - 4
gor Oklahoma 8
3t Illinois + 26
qo letah
4
2 Kentucky + 9
108
Vermont 3
02 Manyland - 10
Wyoming 3
3+ Michigan ? 21
73
2+ Missouri + 12
a Nevada + 3
23+ Texas ? 25
3 New Jersey ? 17
a New mexico - 4
2 N. Carolina + 13
Uugima + 12
01 N. Dakota + 4
2 Washing ton + 9
3+ Ohio X 2L
2 Wisconsin + 12
9 Oregon + 6
3t Pennsylvania - 29
25. Cawlina + 8
QI J. Wakota + 4
J2 Tennessee + 11
tey Battleground
beneral
?
40 California 1357 6 Colorado +3 Cukansas
26 Illinois 1458 14 Florida +3 8 Connecticut
21 Michigan 248 12 Gengia +5 3 Delawan
43 New york 24668 9 Kentucky + 9 8 Sr. Carolina
26 Ohio 248 12 Missouri : 25 manyland 7
29 Pennsylvania 1379 14 Massachusetts - 4
25 Texas 15
17 New Jersey + 368
210
13 No. Cawlina = 2
11 Tennessee + 6
12 Viginia
r 27
ture
9 Washington r
3
13 Indiana (home) 3
12 Wisconsin t 2
9 Iowa (form) 5 141
8 Ohlahoma(Bolmon)
y Utah (mormon) 6
drop one mo. stop. - St. Louis The 12th
doutah earlier ?
cut train to 2 days.
do one mich. earlier as addition
state TVA too close together?
To:
Subject: Phone Call Campaign
During the tour this fall we will be conducting
a phone call campaign to key leaders throughout
the country. This program will involve calls
on a periodic basis by the political staff on
the tour to:
1.
Key local and regional leaders that
will be called as we visit various
sections of the country.
2.
Key national or regional leaders
that will be called on a weekly
basis.
3.
Other leaders that will be called
on a monthly basis:
The group of people called will include national
state and local political and party leaders,
editors, publishers and opinion makers.
Would you please forward to my office, by next
Wednesday, August 28th, the names, phone numbers
and classifications of those who you feel should be
included in this program.
Attached is a list of the states and cities we
may be visiting. It may be helpful as a guide
to local and regional leaders we should be
contacting, both in these cities, surrounding
areas and states.
Thanks for your cooperation.
Bob
EAST
New York
New York City
Syracuse
Pennsylvania
Pittsburgh
Philadelphia
Erie
New Jersey
Newark
Atlantic City
Camden
Massachusetts
Boston
Maryland
Columbia
Annapolis
SOUTH
Texas
Houston
Dallas
Virginia
Arlington
North Carolina
Louisiana
Missouri
St. Louis
Florida
Miami
Jacksonville
Georgia
Atlanta
South Carolina
Columbia
Tennessee
Memphis
Nashville
Chatanooga
Kentucky
Louisville
MIDWEST
Illinois
Chicago
Downstate
Peoria
Ohio
Cleveland
Milwaukee
Michigan
Saginaw
Flint
Lansing
Detroit
Indiana
Indianapolis
Iowa
Des Moines
ROCKY MOUNTAIN STATES
Colorado
Denver
Utah
Salt Lake City
Oklahoma
Oklahoma City
FAR WEST
California
Fresno
San Jose
Bakersfield
Los Angeles
San Diego
Washington
Seattle
Oregon
Rose Mary Woods
John Sears
Charlie McWhorter
John Whitaker
Bob Ellsworth
Peter Flanigan
Herb Klein
Ron Ziegler
Pat Buchanan
Len Garment
Maury Stans
H. Kalmbach
Pat Hitt
Dwight Chapin
John Erlichman
Ray Price
CONFIDENTIAL
MEMO TO RN
From Buchanan
August 15, 1968
Strategy, Some Thoughts on
1) This period of tranquility, has like the days after the
Oregon primary, lost us some momentum I think. I think that moratoriums
have just about outlived their usefullness, when we consider it is 85
days to the finish. when we sit idle like this without taking the
ffensive and holding it, we enable others like HHH, MCSarthy, the Est-
ablishment on Thurmond, to start nit-picking us--and we have to answer
them. Maybe this is inevitable during this petod but I think that,
like the period between May and August, we are letting the others do
the firing--and we are only defending, not an envialbe political position.
2) I am inclined to go with RFK's theory of going "flat out to
the finish line" in the fall. Throw Humphrey on the Defensive, and keep
him right there until November. Indict this Administration for every ins
sin of which it is guilty and they are
many. I think we will be
making a mortal error if we think that the Establishment is going to give
RN points for running anything approaching a Goody-Two Shoes Campaign. I
don't think we need to ever again say that HHH is à nice and honorable man,
in whose hands the country would be well off. We don't have to be irrespon
ible just candid and as President this weasel would be a disaster.
3) The ancient complaint. I got a call from some character from
Downey, Cal., who said that the tv spot he heard was an excerpt from
RN's acceptance speech, promising something on law and order
followed
by fifteen minutess of applause. It was general and not specific; he
thought it very ineffective; so did his friends. I know this is old
ground but I think the spots we run ought to start clearly and tersel
what the hell has happened in this country in the last five years speci-
fically, what RN is goig to do---and then say, damn, it, elect him. Maybe
We ought to write the spots ourselves---or get some of Reagan's ad guys to
write them. Honestly, much as I like Len, he just doesn't have the in-
stincts to cut the hell out of these people like HHH, or to make the gut
issues that anger andconcern people. They're all soft sell telling them
to start hitting gut issues, and making gut appeals is
like trying to get Mary Poppins to
act like Eartha kitt. They don't know how to dot it.
4) The Republicaes are far behind the Democrats in types of appear-
ances. I am sure we are now scheduling sppeches and rallies and the rest
of the traditional crap. What we should realize is what the Democrats do
so well
speak not only with their words but with their settings. Where
RN appears sometimes aays as much to the nation as what he says there. Be-
cause Democrats have lower income, lower education supporters, they have to
use sympols to appeal to all the senses---as well as to the intellectu with
words. Thus LBJ wandersz through Appalachia and RFK inspects an Indian
reservation. So, too, Lindsay's tours through Harlem are essential sym-
bols. By swking walking, he is saying he gives a damn.
Thought shou, be given to issue-oresnted appearances by RN.
I have sent examples to Whitaker of a number of them. Maybe they are
no good but we should think in these terms. We can speak to ppor people
other than by the words from the candidate's mouth.
There will be pockets of unemployment in th Steel INdustry in Nov.
What about a visit to Union Hall, drop a statement there, talk to these guys
about their problem. What about a visit to a prison-- to talk about how these
places are turning out as many criminals as wek put it. What about a visit
D
to some shipyards to *alk with some idle workers about the decline in the
Merchant Marine. The Computer Job bank thing is in North Carolina What is
RN went down to that thing---and gave the reporters a breefing on how it
works--and how it can apply on a national scale.
RN has mentioned at times that a lot of people don't read the papers;
they look at thepictures this, pictures plus captions, is how a mumber of
immigrants leanred the language. RN can speak through pictures as well as
through words and there must be one hundred thousand good settings for
RN to be in when he drops his statements so that his surroundings re-
inforce what he has to say.
For exampl
RN might stroll into a Catholic School and lecture thes
fifth grade for a little white---and there drop some statement on the con-
tribution of religious parents who take the burden of education etc. and
that this contribution should be relfected andrecognized by government.
A visit to Xs hosptial might serve as a background for talking about
Vietnam (if war wounded are there) or to talk with the staff about the short-
ages in doctors and nurses etc.
5) RN has talked about excitement in a campaign. One way
to be exciting is to be controversial. I think we ought to give
consideration to holding our fire on thelikes of these bastards like
Abernathy and others% charges RN with racism etc. And just wait on
them. And one day, get up on a high horse andkick the hell out of
them. Ninety per cent of the people in this country think that
Abernathy is a unpolished and disreputable clod. The same is true
of those who are saying Thrumond is running the campign. We ought to
give thoght to some occasion, when we can program a little righteous
indignation against these clowns which will score heavily I think,
and stir up the enthusiasm. What we want to avoid is to allow the
Establishment to be setting some sort of guidelines of
niceness which we are supposd to follow in this thing.
For what they are worth.
I talked briefly with Timmons and the others who are going to
be with the Truth Squad group in Chicago. I think I know RN's positions
better than anyone---and can write up the attack material rapidly. So,
I talked with them and I wondered if I might not be
more useful
writing for those guys in Chicago during those days, than being in N.Y.
watching it on television.
Schedule Planning
I June-July
Total Sweeks- Usable Yweeks- Vac. 3welks
Prep. /week
II Convention
/ week
III mid august
2 weeks - usable /week- Planning /wak
IV D. Convention
/ week
V Campaign
9 weeks usable & weeks - Planing /week
June 9- Vacation Nassan
Fri-Thad
16-
Sat-Cong Cand School
23-
30 - Sun PN Texas Vacation
July 7 - - Vacation
14-
21-
28- - Convention Preparation
aug 4 - Convention
18 -
// - Post Conv. Planning- VPmtgs Cab offer. - TV filming
25 - Dem Convention
Sept / - Post Dem. Come. Planning - V filming
s - I
15 - II
22 - III
29 - IV
Oct 6 - V
13 - VI
20 - III
27 - IIII
Appearances
PN schedule
re skea Michigan
appointments
Girls schedule
Illinois edition
meetings TU work
Other speakers
Penna ? (Eapt. Noth)
CBS special
Radio work
Media appearances
TV internews
News in offeriods
speech Preparation
? Gov Conf (Rhodes)
General Campaign
don't rule out Litting all states
prop-stop 7-8 in oneday - once a week
back up with TV tailored to each state
on regional basis - bring in people from each state
tape 1/2 he TV with small group interview re NH
last 3 eveeks- 100% in 6-8 big swing states
daily ladio tape to service stns + UPI
shed Proced
Comm
- shed have Shkypea
for RN add Pat Ray
add couper from long big fal?)
Chapin sit in
B-group (same?) to Landle PN sked
Schedule Committee
Page Four
FURTHER CLASSIFICATION OF THE HOPELESS STATES OF:
Alabama
Minnesota
District of Columbia
Mississippi
Louisiana
New York
Massachusetts
Rhode Island
West Virginia
LOUISIANA
Weakest of the 3 Wallace states - poll in the middle of the campaign
to keep a slight option open to visit there.
MASSACHUSETTS
Keep slight option open
NEW YORK
Haldoman not even worth campaigning in New York City even though
large media
RHODE ISLAND
Keep slight option open based on (a) top of local ticket so popular, and
(b) winning one Congressional seat there could change the electoral vote
pattern.
WEST VIRGINIA
Keep a slight option. McWhorter feels that Arch Moore will win the
Governorship.
TIME ALLOTMENT
RN's time was classified at:
(1) for low priority
(2) middle priority
(3) top priority
as follows:
Alaska
1
Ohio
3
Arkansas
1
Oregon
1
California
3
Pennsylvania
3 ?
Colorado
1
South Carolina
2
?
Connecticut
?
2
South Dakota
1
Delaware
1
Tennessee
2
Florida
2
Texas
3 (if Connelly not
Georgia
2
on ticket)
Hawaii
?
1
Virginia
2
Illinois
3
Washington State 2
Kentucky
2
Wisconsin
2
Maryland
?
2
Michigan
3
Missouri
?
2
Nevada
1
New Jersey
3
New Mexico
?
1
North Carolina ?
2
North Dakota
?
1
Schedule Committee
Page Five
STATES THAT SHOULD BE POLLED REGULARLY:
The Committee recommends California, Illinois, Michigan, New Jersey,
Ohio, Pennsylvania, Texas, Missouri, North Carolina, and South Carolina
ANOTHER GROUP OF STATES TENTATIVELY RECOMMENDED FOR POLLING:
Virginia, New York, Connecticut, Washington and Wisconsin
SCHEDULING OF MRS. NIXON, THE GIRLS, AND DAVID
There seemed to be agreement that they receive maximum exposure via
women's publications and TV, and that a media oriented person should run
their schedule. Ellsworth suggested Clint Wheeler as a possibility.
A KEY VIP SPEAKERS GROUP
Ellsworth suggested that the following group be put on the road as
soon as possible:
RN
National Committeemen Wilkinson & Callaway
Senators Baker, Percy and Fannin
Governors Agnew, Hickel and McCall
Congressmen Brock, Bush, Morse, Rumsfeld, McGregor
and McWhorter suggested that Riegle from Michigan should be added to this
list.
Haldeman suggested that these political VIPs be advanced as a way to train
advance men because RN's schedule is so light between now and Miami.
John
JCW:lec
Treyn
&
alabama
southern Day
N. Englan
Aresona
2) alabama
1) maine
- DC
3) mississippie
4) mass
- Idaho
4) Jocisiana
5) RI
Indiana
1) W. Vo.
3) Vt.
Jowa
5) Oklahoma
2) (N.H.)
Kansas
leads in to Texas
leads in to ,
-
Tousiona
- -maine
North Cant Day
Western
- man
5) minin
1) mont
- main
4) Iowa
2) Idaho
- Miss
2) Kausas
4) utah
- mont
3) (Nebr)
3) wryoning
< Nebr
1) (Ind).
- N.H.
leads in to Iel.
5) (Cerig)
leads in toca
N.Y.
4 days of prop-stops
Okla
one each week- - 1st 4 weeks
- R.I.
Utal
- VT.
W.Va.
who.
BATTELGROUND
BATTLEGROUND
BATTLEGROUND
RN
LEANING RN
TOSSUP
LEANING HUMPHREY
WALLACE
HOPELESS
HOPELESS-HUMPHREY
ARIZ. 5
ALA. 3
CALIF. 40
ARK. 6
ALA. 10
D.C. 3
MASS. 14
IDA. 4
COL0.6
MICH. 21
CONN.8
MISS. 7
LA. 10
MINN. 10
IND. 13
DEL. 3
MO.
12
GA. 12
17
N.Y.43
R.I. 4
IA. 9
FLA. 14
N.J.
17
HAW. 4
W.VA.7
28
KAN. 7
ILL.26
N.C. 13
MD. 10
63
ME. 4
KY. 9
N.D.
4
N.M. 4
MONT. 4
NEV. 3
S.C.
8
PA. 29
NEB. 5
OHIO 26
TEX. 25
73
N.H. 4
ORE. 6
140
OKLA. 8
S.D. 4
UTAH 4
TENN.11
VT. 3
VA. 12
WYO. 3
WASH. 9
To Schedule Comm, TTEE
73
WISC.12
ELECTORIAL BREAKDOWN
144
based ON STATE CLASSIFICATIONS
AGREED ON AT 6/10
John Whitaker
shed
MEMORANDUM
JULY 11, 1968
TO:
BOB HALDEMAN
FROM:
JOHN WHITAKER
RE:
RN '68 campaign schedule
As requested I enclose a first-try RN schedule through election day.
The media requirements are fuzzy but a quick talk with Len Garment
indicates a very large segment of time for TV and he is firming up
his requirements in a meeting with Shakespeare today. The tentative
requirements would be something like the following:
1.
During the August Mission Bay period 2 days in
Los Angeles for five and one-minute spots
2 days
2.
A day in Denver, Los Angeles, Chicago, New York,
Houston for regional TV (Hillsboro type Q&A format)
and where pessible an extra day for rest connected
with these appearances
10 days
3.
2 network telethons throughout the campaign
period in Los Angeles and New York each
requiring 2 days because one day of rest is needed
before each appearance
4 days
4.=
Bring in some of the highly rated panel or talk
TV shows from the major states and tape, say in
New York. I show this on the schedule for the
first week in September but possibly RN could do some
of it during the Democrat National Convention but I
show this period open for his own personal plan
3 days
5.
I am also putting aside 6 days on the basis that there
might be 3 Nixon-Humphrey debates each debate requiring
one day of rest preceding the debate
6 days
6.
I also show statewide telethons in California, Michigan
Illinois, New Jersey, each requiring a day with
another day's rest
8 days
33 days
Add to the 33 days for TV additional days of rest at Key Biscayne,
a California beach and Montauk Point and you quickly see that we are running
out of time to do anything but the battleground states. This required
therefore an extra hard-nosed approach in keeping RN out of sure winner
and sure loser states.
Based on our meeting of June 10 with you, Mitchell, Kleindienst and Ellsworth
I list below the sure losers and the sure winners.
-2-
Sure Losers:
1
Alabama
Wallace
2
Mississippi
Wallace
3
D. C.
HHH
4
Louisiana
Wallace (Kleindienst thinks RN has a good chance here)
5
New York
HHH (Mitchell thinks RN has a good chance here)
6
West Virginia
HHH
7
Massachusetts
HHH
8
Rhode Island
HHH
9
Minnesota
HHH
10
Connecticut
HHH (some think RN has a chance here)
Sure Winners:
11
Arizona
12
Idaho
13
Indiana
14
Iowa
15
Kansas
16
Maine
17
Montana
18
Nebraska
19
New Hampshire
20
Oklahoma
21
Utah
22
Vermont
23
Wyoming
24
Alaska
25
Hawaii
Excluding Alaska and Hawaii because of the distance, and adding 3 winners
(Indiana, Kansas, Oklahoma) to add enthusiasm, I come up with a total of
29 states to visit.
The lesson I learn from the attached calendar is that if you really have the
singlemindedness to make a media approach to this campaign with adequate rest
time to do the media work well, then you really have no option left to do
more than about 29 states:
Arkansas
New Mexico
California
North Carolina
Colorado
North Dakota
Delaware
Ohio
Florida
Oregon
Georgia
Pennsylvania
Illinois
South Carolina
Kentucky
South Dakota
Maryland
Tennessee
Michigan
Texas
Missouri
Virginia
Nevada
Washington
New Jersey
Wisconsin
-3-
You could easily go to 35 states if the Humphrey debates don't come off
or if you want to press him harder with less rest, by throwing in some prop-
stop days particularly in the Rocky Mountain states.
The above schedule is basically slanted toward having a conservative VP
candidate, i.e., intensive time in the big urban dominated states to the
exclusion of the rural midwestern and Rocky Mountain states.
If you have a liberal VP candidate he might be willing to give up some of
his time in the big urban dominated states but only on the risky theory
that the liberal VP could bring home the bacon inthose states.
Even given the extensive time needed for a TV approach to the campaign as
shown on this calendar, you still have to make some hard choices in the big
urban dominated states. For example:
1. I have cut out a train ride in Ohio on the perhaps dubious
theory that we are in pretty good shape there.
2. New Jersey just gets a Northern New Jersey motorcade plus
perhaps a kick-off opening day from the Newark airport --
an idea not calculated to endear myself to RN but I do
recommend a New Jersey telethor.
3. I don't recommend a Michigan train ride because we can
prop stop the state fairly adequately provided we have
a heavy dose of TV
4. In Pennsylvania I go for the Southern Pennsylvania train
ride to the exclusion of a Pennsylvania telethon
You can see that each of the above examples are politically very risky
but if you look at the cold facts of the time available, risks like
this are going to have to be taken.
You will notice that I have devoted the final week of the campaign exclusively
to statewide telethons.
Finally, I enclose Charles McWhorter's list of 11 target Congressional
Districts where winning one seat could change the electoral ballots. However,
this information is not given consideration on the attached calendar although
maybe it should be.
Cheers,
SUNDAY
MONDAY
TUESDAY
WEDNESDAY
THURSDAY
FRIDAY
SATURDAY
AUGUST
1
2
3
1968
LAGUNA
STAFF TIME
4
5
Fly LA-Miami
6
7
CO
9
10
Press conference
RN
Staff time
Fly LA-Miami
Delegate
RN acceptance
Fly Miami-San
airport rally
reception
speech
Diego -
on TV
Drive
VIP party
Mission Bay
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
STAFF TIME - MISSION
BAY
Los Angeles of
San Diego
TV
1.
Confer Vice
President
1 and 5 minute
spots
2. National power groups
3. Foreign Ministers?
18
19
20
21
22
23
Detroit power
24
groups or
Rono, Novada
Dallas
Oklahoma City
Chicago
Chicago
So. Illinois
prop stop
power
prop stop
power
power
Springfield
Montauk Point
ilbuquerque prop-
groups
Overnight
groups
groups
rally
stop
Chicago
Fly NYC
Overnite Dallas
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
Montauk Point
RN ACTIVITY?
RH ACTIVITY?
RN ACT VITY?
DEMOCRATIC NATHONAL CONVENTION
1968
AUGUST
1908
1968
OCTOBER
1963
S
M
T
T
F
S
1
2
3
7
SEPTEMBER
S
M
T
T
F
S
1
2
3
4
5
4
5
6
8
9
to
6
7
8
9
to
11
12
11
2
13
:4
is
16
17
13
4
is
16
17
18
19
is
19
20
21
22
23
24
31
1968
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
25
26
27
28
29
30
27
28
29
30
31
SUNDAY
MONDAY
TUESDAY
WEDNESDAY
THURSDAY
FRIDAY
SATURDAY
LABOR DAY
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Bring to New
York best rated TV shows
TV ads
TV ads
in
in
Montauk Point
from Illinois
,
Michigan, Ohio,
Texas, Pa.,
NYC
NYC
Florida and
Texas and tape
8
9
10
Newark
11
Houston
12
13
14
Fly NYC-
airport rally
TV ads
North Dakota
Lexington,
Pittsburgh
Columbus, Ohio
Portland Ore.
prop stop
Ky.-Noon rally
Billy Graham TV
Noon rally
Noon rally
Atlanta, Ga.
Houston, Texas
San Francisco
Seattle rally
Milwaukee, Wis.
rally
Fly NYC
rally
rally
Overnight
rally
Fly Key
Biscayne
15
16
17
18
Erie, Pa.
19
Fly Detroit-
20
Chicago TV
21
prop stop
Chicago
Midwest groups
Philadelphia TV
Saginaw, Mich.
North New Jerse
Columbia, S.C.
prop stop
Chicago
Chicago Loop
motorcade
Key Biscayne
Noon rally
TV ads
Noon rally
Philadelphia
Boston TV
Detroit TV
Midwest groups
rally
Fly NYC
Montauk Point
22
23
Fly NYC-
24
25
26
27
28
St. Louis
Los Angeles
Little Rock, Ark.
Greensboro, N.C.
Montauk Point
St. Louis
Rest
TV
Noon rally
Noon rally-see
Noon rally
Memphis, Tenn.
Billy Graham
Los Angeles
Laguna Beach
Dallas, Texas
rally
Roanoke, Virginia
rally
Nixon-HHH debate
rally
Fly NYC
29
30
Wilmington, Del.
Montauk Point
Baltimore, Md.
1968
1968
S
-1
T
S
1
2
3
5
OCTOBER
S
M
T
4
6
7
-
8
9
o
11
2
13
K.
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
15
16
17
la
19
20
21
10
11
12
13
4
15
16
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
1968
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
29
30
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
SUNDAY
MONDAY
TUESDAY
WEDNESDAY
THURSDAY
FRIDAY
SATURDAY
1
2 Cleveland TV
3
Chicago TV
4
5
Jacksonville
Louisville, Ky.
Grand Rapids,
prop stop
Key Biscayne
Noon rally
Mich. - rally
Rockford, Ill.
Orlando
Fly Chicago-
rally
prop stop
Cleveland, Ohio
overnight
Key Biscayne
6
7
8
9
10
11
So. Penna.
12
Key Biscayne
train
Lansing
Tampa Noon rally
Raleigh, N.C.
Philadelphia TV
Allentown
prop stop
Philadelphia
Bedford
Muskegon
Nashville, Tenn.
Richmond, Va.
suburban rally
Connellsville
propstop
Nixon-HHH debate
McKeesport
Fly NYC
Pittsburgh rally
Detroit TV
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Illinois train
Fly NYC
Montauk Point
Indianapolis
Network TV
Noon rally
Chicago suburb
Montauk Point
telethon -
San Francisco
afternoon
Montauk Point
Al Smith dinner
NYC
Cincinnati
rally
motorcade
NYC
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
Prop stop
Portland TV
Fly LA
San Jose
Laguna Beach
Seattle
Sacramento
rest
rest
rest
Bakersfield
Nixon-HHH debate
Seattle TV
Laguna Beach
San Diego rally
LA
Texas
Fly Dallas
Telethon
27
28
29
30
31
rest
Fly Chicago
Fly Detroit
California
Telethon
rest
Ill. telethon
Michigan telethon
1068
OCTOBER
1968
1968
DECEMBER
1900
S
M
of
W
T
F
S
NOVEMBER
S
M
T
W
T
F
S
1
2
3
4
5
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
8
9
lo
11
[2
3
k.
13
14
Is
16
17
is
19
1.5
16
17
la
19
20
21
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
1968
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
27
28
29
30
31
29
30
31
SUNDAY
MONDAY
TUESDAY
WEDNESDAY
THURSDAY
FRIDAY
SATURDAY
1
2
rest
New Jersey
telethon
3
4
5
GENERAL ELECTION DAY
6
7
8
9
Network
telethon
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
THANKSGIVING DAY
29
30
after numer
11 Target Districts
State
Dist. No.
Dem. Inc.
1966-GOP
Cities or Area
1. Montana
1
Olsen
49.2
Butte, Helena
2. Illinois
11
Pucinski
48.7
Chicago (N.W.)
3. Colorado
3
Evans
49.0
Pueblo, Colo. Springs
4. Maine
1
Kyros
45.2
Bangor, Lewiston
5. Maryland
5
Machen
46.2
Prince George's County
6. New Mexico
A/L
Walker
49.6
Albuquerque, Sante Fe
7. Virginia
3
Satterfield
49.4
(1962)
Richmond
8. Pa.
4
Eilberg
48.1
Philadelphia (N.E.)
9. Tennessee
7
Blanton
48.4
Jackson
10. New Jersey
3
Howard
46.9
Ocean & Monmouth Counties
11. New Jersey
9
Helstoski
49.2
Bergen County
CONFIDENTIAL
Kaldeman
MEMORANDUM ON THE ORGANIZATION OF THE CAMPAIGN TOGETHER WITH
WHICH STATES CAN BE CARRIED IN NOVEMBER AND HOW
GENERAL OBSERVATIONS - Although some of this may seem like
repetition of some basic principles and other portions may
sould like political insanity, I would like to make a few
general observations on the conduct of the campaign.
A. The Citizens' Movement
I think it is a mistake to try to construct a Citizens'
organization in all 50 states. There are some states
that we cannot carry this year and therefore any
effort by the citizens is a waste of time and money;
there are others in which the party structure itself
is strong enough that a winning vote can be delivered
for
RN
without
setting
up
=
separate
organization
for citizens; and there is a third group of states
in which the Citizens will have to carry almost the
total burden of the campaign and therefore should
command a larger amount of the time, effort and
money.
The past history of Citizens' organizations in both
parties has been that while all can see the necessity
for having them, no one so far has been able to solve
the problem of the frictions which are naturally created
between the Citizens' groups and the regular party
apparatus. Much of this is because the thrust of
Pg. 2
Citizens' operation in the past has been to set up
a duplicate apparatus to that which exists under the
auspices of the party and thereafter, since two
organizations supporting the same candidate are in
being, they naturally become competitive. This is
certainly a waste of effort and money.
"itizurs"
On the one hand, there is no reason to maintain any
No
Citizens' activity in Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama,
Rhode Island, West Virginia or probably Massachusetts
since we have little or no hope of carrying these
states. In these states a "Democrats for Nixon"
operation should be set up as an off shoot of the
with little
regular Republican organization and we should let
no time outside a money n
them handle it locally. In places such as North
Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Arizona, Utah, Kansas
and Idaho, the regular Republican organization is
strong enough that whatever votes are there for us
can be delivered. In these places the local Republi-
can organization should also set up a "Democrats
for Nixon" branch to its operation but we should not
invest any time, effort or money in duplicating the
Republican apparatus. It is, in my mind, silly for us
to get complaints about friction between the South
Dakota Republican Party and the Citizens' operation
there. It may be true that we might add a percentage
point or two to our ultimate total by maintaining a
Citizens' operation in a state like South Dakota but
that one or two points is going on top of an already
Pg. 3
winning percentage and therefore the time, effort
and money which we would expend to gain the couple
of points would actually gain us nothing.
In the vast majority of states and certainly the
large electoral vote states we should try to make
some attempt to decipher which portions of the state
the Citizens' operation will be expected to carry the
ball and which areas of the state the Republican
apparatus is strong enough to deliver whatever vote
we have. This is not to say that in all portions of
many of the states we will not have both Citizens and
regular Republicans but the point is that one or the
other must be responsible in any particular area or,
as past history has shown, neither will actually do the
job. I have therefore in the course of this memorandum
mentioned various areas OI most states in which, in
my opinion, either the Republican party or our Citi-
zens' operation should be responsible for doing the
job. Again, the point is not that we must go with just
one or the other; the point is that in most areas
one should be dominant over the other and have the
major share of the responsibility for delivering
whatever vote we need.
B. Coordination with other Campaigns
In many states there will be other statewide races
going on at the same time as the presidential race.
Here again, in my opinion, we must analyse the states
Pg. 4
to decide which of the other statewide candidates we
wish to run closely with and in which areas and which
are going to be a drag on the top of the ticket.
As an example, it would be foolish in my mind for our
campaign literature in the city of Chicago to mention
Dirksen; rather it should be combined in that area
with Ogilvie. In the downstate area just the reverse
would be true. I therefore have made numerous recom-
mendations in the course of this memorandum in regard
to which other statewide races we can coordinate with
and in what areas.
It is not my contention that we should ignore any
candidate seeking a statewide office but there
are degrees of closeness and we should pay particular
attention to this.
C. RN's Schedule
Approximately 75 to 80 percent of the 56 campaign
days between Labor Day and the election should be
spent in the states listed in this memorandum as
swing states. A large amount of this 75 to 80 per-
cent should be in the cities. If the Vice Presiden-
tial candidate is a conservative, he should spend the
majority of his time in the safe states and the
southern states. If the Vice President is a Liberal,
RN will have to spend more time in the South and the
safe states.
Pg. 5
D. Special Interests
Part of the defence to the Democrats' normally heavy
labor vote involves appeal to special interests. I
am concerned that as of now we are not doing enough
in this regard.
A thorough analysis of the lobbying interests registered
with Congress should be conducted and out of that a
list of special interest groups compiled. After that,
org. or have Issuandle separate
contracts should be established either to members of
Congress who sit on the committees dealing with
the special interest or through the lobbyists them-
selves to determine what the vital issues are with
each special interest group. Thereafter a position
paper should be prepared, mailing lists obtained and
group Key
as many members of each special interest group as
possible informed thereby of RN's position on the
dominant issues pertaining to that particular group.
Most of these groups individually do not warrant enough
consideration for RN to make any public speeches
although there are a few exceptions to this. Usually
the candidate who reaches a special interest group
with an appealing stand on its problems commands its
support. Most of the groups do not care whether they
wind up dealing with the Democrats or Republicans as
long as something is promised about their particular
problem.
Pg. 6
Much of this operation could be handled by Ellsworth's
research group in Washington and I would urge that
we start on it as quickly as possible. The support
or lack of it by many of these groups is enough to
win or lose a particular state.
E.
Speakers
I would like to take some issue with the manner in
which extra speakers have been used in past campaigns.
By way of example, if Senator Scott or former Governor
Scranton is interested in helping the Nixon campaign
this fall, their best use does not involve shipping
them off to Missouri or Texas, or Montana somewhere
to give a speech in RN's behalf. The best job that
can be done for us is right in Pennsylvania. Pre-
sumably, in their home state, they have some personal
following which, if it was aware of the fact that
Scranton or Scott were strongly for RN would work
Speakers
for him.
The point is that many individuals, especially those
aingree
from the larger states, can do the most good for us
if they will just stay at home and campaign in their
own states as though they were running themselves.
The effect of having a Scranton or Tower or Romney
campaign around his home state night after night
talking only on the subject of why Nixon ought to
be elected President would be far more beneficial
than sending any of them off to far distant places
Pg. /
where first of all they are not well known and
secondly, they have no following. I therefore would
like to recommend that in at least the big states,
we use the big names to campaign right at home.
There are some exceptions to this - certainly we
should have Thurmond campaign extensively throughout
the South and if Lindsay is available he should go
to many of the cities but in regard to most other in-
dividuals they can do the most for us right at home.
F. Nixon Men in the Key States
1
In the states of Illinois, Michigan, Ohio, Wisconsin,
Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Texas, Florida, Missouri
and California, I recommend that we place a Nixon
man from outside the state to keep a close watch on
the day to day activities of the organizations. both
Republican and Citizens', which are carrying the
burden of our campaign in those particular states.
His job will be to resolve any disputes or differences
between various arms of the operation, receive instant
guidance on any problems directly from the candidate
or his campaign manager, and, while not necessarily
running the campaign himself, be able to tell on a
day to day basis whether what's being done in our
behalf is satisfactory or not.
The above mentioned states are of material importance
to us and in my opinion any problems which develop
in them should be solved as quickly as possible
Pg. 8
without sending them up through the bureaucracy of the
National Committee or the "National Citizens' for
Nixon" operation. In those cases where we are closely
coordinating our campaign with other statewide races,
the Nixon man would sit in on joint meetings with the
regular Republican party chairman, the Citizens'
chairman and the other campaign chairmen and insure
that the coordination desired was being carried out.
This last suggestion, in my mind, is highly important
since without it we will lose precious days while
unresolved problems pass their way up through the
various levels.
STATE BY STATE ANALYSIS
I. SAFE AND SOUTHERN STATES
VIRGINIA
The Republican State Party in Virginia is
not strong enough as a whole to wage a success-
ful statewide campaign. Emphasis instead must
be placed upon certain congressional district
organizations, which are good, and a combination
of party workers and citizens in Richmond
(3rd congressional district) and the Norfolk-
Newport News area.
We should expect to run strongly in the 10th
district (suburban Washington), the 6th district
(Roanoke) and win narrowly in the 8th (central
Virginia) and 9th (western Virginia). If we
Pg. 9
can do this and carry the city of Richmond
as we did in 1960, we should be able to make
up the expected losses in the Norfolk-Newport
News area.
To carry Richmond, as well as cut down on the
Democratic margin in Norfolk-Newport News, the
Citizens will have to put forth a major effort.
There will be no friction problem in the Norfolk-
Newport News area since the Republican party
there is almost non-existent. There will be
a friction problem in Richmond where various
elements of the party are worth having and we
will have to coordinate with them.
By running with the four incumbent Congress-
men, none of whom seem to be in any danger of
losing this year, and spending extra money in
Richmond and Norfolk-Newport News only the
5th and 7th congressional districts are left
uncovered. We will have to make an effort in
these two districts locally but this is of
lower priority than the matters discussed above.
Both areas will field decent Republican con-
gressional candidates and although these candi-
dates will probably get over 40% of the vote it
is unlikely that either will win. In the 5th
district, votes that we lose to Wallace will be
taken from Humphrey and not us. The 7th is
Harry Byrd's home region and while we can do
Pg. 10
very well in this district with some effort we
probably won't carry it.
Outside of the substantial number of government
workers in the 10th district, there are no
particular special interest groups of any
significance. A special pitch will have to
be made to the government workers, of course.
Summing up, extra money and effort should be
spent in Richmond and Norfolk-Newport News
and a strong combined effort must be run in
the four congressional districts where we have
Republican Congressmen. Beyond this, local
effort should be extended in the 5th and 7th
districts to keep the Democratic margin of
victory reasonable.
NORTH
The Republican party is strong in the middle
CAROLINA
and western parts of the state. It is extreme-
ly weak in the eastern part, an area which
comprises about four congressional districts.
Although this eastern section is strongly
Democratic it is conservative bordering on being
racist. Wallace should do well in this parti-
cular area. The middle and western parts of the
state are conservative but have been affected
greatly by the influence of northern industry
and are much less concerned with the race problem.
There are, however, some small pockets of
Pg. 11
potential Wallace support in the extreme western
part of the state (11th district).
While both a Senate seat and the Governorship
are up for election this year, only the Governor-
ship holds promise for the Republicans. Congress-
man Gardner, the Republican gubernatorial candidate,
has considerable more support in the eastern
part of the state than a Republican candidate
normally has. If we are able to run with him
in this area he will help us to combat the Wallace
thing. Anywhere west of Raleigh it will be up
to the regular party apparatus, assisted by a
vigorous Citizens' operation directed by the
party, to deliver a substantial vote big enough
to cope with expected losses in the East.
There are three special interest groups that
have considerable importance in the state:
tobacco, textiles and small trucking concerns.
The importance of the first two is obvious;
the third is a significant endeavor because
most of what is manufactured in North Carolina
is taken by truck out of the state to its
destination.
The Citizens' effort should concentrate in the
cities of Charlotte, Greensboro, Winston-Salem,
Durham, Raleigh, Ashville, and Wilmington.
Let me emphasize again, however, great coor-
Pg. 12
dination should be had with the regular Repub-
lican party since they are aware of which Demo-
crats in this area can be influential if involved
with these Citizens' groups.
Summing up, we must run with Gardner in the
East and on our own anywhere west of Raleigh;
the Citizens' groups must be organized with close
coordination to the regular Republican organi-
zation: and particular attention should be
given to three large special interest groups in
the state.
SOUTH
Given the backing of Senator Thurmond, Mark
CAROLINA
Clark and Congressman Watson, the key to
carrying South Carolina is to stay in step with
them. With this backing we should run strongly
in the 1st district (Charleston), the 2nd
(Columbia) and the 3rd (Anderson). The race
will be about fifty fifty in the 4th (Green-
ville, Spartanburg). The 5th and 6th should go
heavily Democratic. There is a large Negro
vote in the state but with Senator Thurmond's
endorsement we have little chance of getting any
of it. Therefore, we might just as well ignore
it.
The state party is in good shape and is used
to the problem of attracting a large number of
Democrats. The citizens therefore should work
in conjunction with it and under its control.
Pg. 13
FLORIDA
Time, effort and money should be concentrated
from Jacksonville south. The area comprised
by the first two congressional districts will
go for either Humphrey or Wallace and little
attention should be given to it. The people
in this so called panhandle area did not even
strongly
vote for Barry Goldwater. Actually Wallace
will help in this area since these votes have
normally gone to the Democratic candidate.
The citizens will have to be very active in
Jacksonville, Miami, Tampa, Sarasota and perhaps
Gainsville. Here again, the local Republican
leaders know a great deal about which Democrats
to contact for assistance in forming Citizens'
groups and this knowledge should be made use of.
We should run pretty much with Gurney, the
Republican senatorial candidate, as far south
as Fort Lauderdale but we should run a little
bit on our own in Miami. Gurney's district
organization in Orlando and Cramer's in St.
Petersburg are very good and in these areas we
can run the campaign pretty well through these
organizations.
Special interest groups, of course, include the
large number of retired people who live in
Florida, the citrus growers, the space program
workers at Cape Kennedy and the vacation-leisure
Pg. 14
time industries.
KENTUCKY
Normally in a national election, if a Republican
candidate can carry Jefferson County (Louisville)
by more than 12,000 votes he can win the state-
wide election. The same will be true this year.
A strong effort, of course, will also have to
be waged in the 5th district as well as the 4th
but this should be no real problem.
The regular Republican organization in Jefferson
County is a good organization and has managed
to enroll as registered Republicans approximately
one-half of the Negroes in Louisville. It does
not get along very well with the statewide
organization put together by Governor Nunn but
this should be no problem for us. We should run
with Judge Cook, the senatorial nominee, in
Jefferson County and make use of the Nunn organi-
zation in the normally Democratic areas (lst,
2nd, 6th and 7th districts). Governor Nunn did
substantially better in these four congressional
districts than a Republican normally does.
ARKANSAS
In 1960, RN lost Arkansas by about 30,000 votes
out of approximately 400,000 cast. Since then
we have added a Republican governor and a
Republican congressman. To carry the state in
the national election we shall have to pile up
big gains in the third congressional district
Pg. 15
(Fort Smith), cut down on the Wallace vote in
southwestern Arkansas and take advantage of
Winthrop Rockefeller's pulling power with the
Negro vote in the state. We should run strong-
ly with Rockefeller in the 3rd district and in
the Negro areas and stay away from him in the
4th and 1st district. Citizens' efforts should
be concentrated in Little Rock, West Memphis and
El Dorado. Close coordination on a mechanical
basis should be maintained with the Rockefeller
organization since it has computerized the
registered voters in the state; this information
and their experience in matters of direct mail
and otherwise would be of great value to us.
TENNESSEE
RN will run strongly in the eastern part of the
state comprising the first three congressional
districts. The 4th and 5th, in the central part
of the state running westward to Nashville will
go Democratic. West of there, our winning per-
centage will depend upon whether we can cut down
on the Wallace vote.
Extra money and effort should be placed in
Memohis, Jackson and, if time and resources
allow, in Nashville. There are no statewide
races in Tennessee this year so the presidential
election will be of major significance.
If we can get out the Republican vote in the
Pg. 16
first three congressional districts, hold down
the Democratic margin in the 4th, 5th and 6th
and cut down on the Wallace vote in the 7th,
8th and 9th we will win Tennessee convincingly.
INDIANA
Indiana should be a safe win this year but
special attention should be given to a couple
of things to be sure of this. The citizens
should be very active in Gary, South Bend, Indian-
apolis and Evansville. Aside from that, effort
should be made to coordinate effectively with the
gubernatorial campaign and to a lesser degree
with the senatorial. We have nothing to lose
by running with the ticket in Indiana this year.
In working on the Citizens' problem, attention
should be given to the ethnic groups in Gary
and South Bend, most principally the Polish and
Slavic Catholics in both of these areas. The
Citizens should by all means work under the
direction of the statewide party and in conjunc-
tion with it.
IOWA
The key to carrying Iowa resides in strongly
carrying the rural six congressional districts.
If this can be done, the Democratic margin in
the 5th congressional district (Des Moines)
can be made up with ease. The Citizens should
concentrate almost entirely on the Des Moines
area and whatever auxiliary groups are necessary
Pg. 17
in the outlying districts should be handled
through the party. Coordination can be of
benefit with the gubernatorial campaign but
it would be in our self interest to steer shy
of the senatorial race there. The five incum-
bent Republican congressmen from Iowa all should
be re-elected and we should run with each of
them in their respective districts. In the
2nd congressional district (Cedar Rapids and the
surrounding area), the only outlying congression-
al district which is not held by a Republican,
we stand a good chance or picking up the seat and
should have little trouble running with the
Republican candidate there.
SOUTH DAKOTA We should carry South Dakota with ease and little
or no additional effort should be expended there.
There is no real reason for maintaining any
extensive Citizens' activity in the state.
Coordination with the gubernatorial candidate,
Frank Farrar, would be desirable but we should
be careful of linking ourselves too closely with
the senatorial race at this time. If, later on
in the campaign, we are secure enough of our own
margin we might try to assist in the senatorial
effort by linking more closely with former
Governor Gubbrud. At the moment, however, he
trails Senator McGovern badly in all polls taken.
NORTH DAKOTA Here again, there is little or no reason for
Pg. 18
any concerted Citizens' activity, the party
being strong enough to carry our campaign on
its own weight. Milton Young and the two
congressmen should be re-elected with ease and
we can coordinate with their campaigns to
maintain the effort there. The Democrats may
be able to hold on to the governorship in the
person of Governor Guy but at least the race run
by the Republican candidate will be strong enough
so as not to be a drag on the top of the ticket.
Here again, little or no extra money or effort
need be applied and there is little reason for
any Citizens' 1 activity on our part.
MONTANA
The basic strategy in Montana is to build
enough of a lead in the second congressional
district (Battin's) 50 as to cut down on any
margin which the Democrats might compile in
the western part of the state. In this regard
we should run strongly with both congressional
candidates, Battin and Dick Smiley, who will
be running in the first district this year.
Smiley came within an inch of being elected in
1966 and has an even better chance this year.
The only difficulty in Montana revolves around
the fact that Governor Babcock will have some
difficulty getting re-elected. He probably will
not run as strongly as we do in either of the
two congressional districts but if the margins
Pg. 19
are big enough on our part he should be able
to ride back in. He must be sure that the
party pays more attention to the Great Falls
area as well as Butte and Missoula. These are
key cities in the Democratic column and much of
our success will depend upon our ability to cut
down on Democratic margins in these areas.
WYOMING
We should win with ease in Wyoming as long as
we are careful to do well in Cheyenne, Jaramie
and Casper. No extra money or effort is neces-
sary to carry the state and none should be spent.
Whatever Citizens' activity is necessary should
be done under the jurisdiction of the party.
IDAHO
Idaho went strongly for RN in 1960 and should
easily do so again. We should run strongly
in the second congressional district and will
have to pay a little more attention to the first
which is marginal. Congressman Hansen is
running against Senator Church this year and
stands a fifty fifty chance of beating him at
this time. It would do us no harm to work
closely with him. Aside from a little additional
effort in Boise to get out the vote, no extra
effort or money is really necessary in Idaho.
UTAH
The Republican ticket and party are so strong
in Utah this year that it should take little
additional effort on our part to insure victory.
Pg. 20
No extra money or effort will be necessary
and whatever Citizens' activity is deemed
necessary should be conducted under the auspices
of the local party. RN is extremely popular
in Utah and this should be enough to carry him.
ARIZONA
Arizona will go strongly Republican this year
without any extra effort or money on our part.
We should coordinate closely with Senator Gold-
water who looks like a sure winner as well as
Congressman Rhodes. Essentially the job is to
turn out a big vote in Maricopa County, hold
down the Democratic margin in Tuscon (second
congressional district) and run about even in
the third.
NEVADA
All trends through the last six years indicate
that this time the national ticket should be
able to carry Nevada. There is a Senate race
there this year which should be fairly close
although it is not at all sure that we will win
it. We will have to invest a little extra time
and effort in vigorous Citizens' activity in
Las Vegas and Reno but the former Democratic
stranglehold on these two areas has been broken
and if we work at it I'm sure that we can do well
in both places. RN almost carried it in 1960
and should do better this time.
NEW MEXICO
If we are able to build up a significant margin
Pg. 21
in Albuquerque we will be able to carry the
state. Governor Cargo will be of help among
the Mexican minority in the state since he has
close identity with this group and did very
well among them in 1966. We should make the
effort to coordinate this aspect of our campaign
with his. The Citizens should be active in
Albuquerque as well as Santa Fe where the job
is to cut down on the Democratic majority.
A little extra time and effort will be required
to bring it off but New Mexico can be carried
this year
COLORADO
Colorado will be won or lost in the city of
Denver and its suburbs. The 2nd congressional
district which is in suburban Denver should
provide us with a margin and if we can do as
well in the city of Denver as we did in 1960
we will win with ease. The Citizens' activity
should be intensive in the city of Denver it-
self and some effort in this regard should be
devoted to Pueblo. Otherwise, we should take
attention to turn out a normal Republican vote
in Boulder, Arapahoe, Jefferson and El Paso
Counties.
Senator Dominick is seeking re-election this
year and although he never wins with ease
he should win this time. Coordination can be
effectively had with his campaign.
Pg. 22
NEBRASKA
Other than the presidency, there are no state-
wide elections going on in Nebraska this year.
The great popularity which RN enjoys in the
state together with its Republican leanings
should reliably send it into our column. There
is no significant need for extensive Citizens'
activity in the state and whatever auxiliary
help is necessary can be run through the regu-
lar party organization. The city of Omaha
should be given a little extra attention by the
party (Douglas County) and some extra effort
should also be put out in Lincoln. If these few
things are done locally there should be no
need for any extra effort on our part.
KANSAS
Kansas has one of the most reliable historys
of voting Republican in national elections.
We should carry the state again with ease and
can coordinate effectively with Bob Dole's
senatorial campaign. The state party can do
most of what needs to be done there and as long
as it pays a little extra attention to Johnson
County, Topeka and Wichita we should have no
trouble at all in carrying the state.
OKLAHOMA
RN carried Oklahoma by a very large margin in
1960 and his popularity there remains very
high. The Citizens should be active in Oklahoma
City which normally provides a Democratic
Pg. 23
margin and to a lesser degree in Tulsa which
normally goes Republican. The southeastern
portion of the state will go strongly Democratic
(Carl Albert's district) but there is real strength
in the Republican party in the west and north-
ern regions. Governor Bellman's campaign for
the Senate is going extremely well and he looks
like a sure winner. Therefore, close coordina-
tion would be mutually beneficial with his cam-
paign. Wallace should hurt the Democrats more
than he does us in the southeastern part of the
state where. he has good strength. In the rest
of the state, however, we must be mindful to
dry up his vote.
ALASKA
The key to carrying Alaska involves carrying
the Anchorage-Fairbanks area well and also
carrying Ketchikan. If this can be done the
normal Democratic margins in the outlying
cities can be made up with ease. RN carried the
state in 1950 and due to a good growth in the
party in the intervening years stands a better
chance of carrying it this year. An extra
effort by the Citizens should be put forth in
Anchorage and Fairbanks to insure our carrying
it.
HAWAII
RN narrowly lost Hawaii in 1960 but stands a
good chance of carrying it this year. This is
one state in which the Citizens will have to be
Pg. 24
highly active and to a large degree supplant
the regular party organization there which so
far has not proven effective in any statewide
races. Senator Fong can be of great assistance
and we should also look to Mayor Blaisdell of
Honolulu to provide advice and personnel. It
will take extra effort and money together with
dominant activity by the Citizens but we can
carry Hawaii this year.
MAINE
Maine has a history of going Republican in
national elections and this year should be no
exception. There are no statewide races this
year except for the presidency and this will
allow the party there to focus a great deal of
attention on the national race. It will take
little or nc help from us to get the state to
remain in the Republican column this year.
NEW
The results of the New Hampshire primary should
HAMPSHIRE
give us good indication of RN's strength there
and it is obvious that little new needs to be
done to assure that the state remains in the
Republican column this year. Senator Cotten
is seeking re-election and should be re-elected
with ease. The party seems more unified there
than it has been in many years. Again, very
little needs to be done to insure that the
state remains Republican this fall.
Pg. 25
VERMONT
Vermont will go Republican this year even if
we paid absolutely no attention to it from
here on out.
II. THE SWING STATES
MISSOURI
The basic problem in Missouri revolves around
cutting down the Democratic margins in St. Louis
and Jackson Counties and creating a strong
organization in the areas in between to bring out
the vote for RN. With the exception of the
7th congressional district and to some extent
the 2nd, there is no real Republican organiza-
tion in the state. This means that the Citizens'
effort will have to supplant the normal party
apparatus and carry the majority of the burden
for running the campaign. In organizing the
state, the Citizens will have to be mindful of
the fact that its image should be conservative
in the rural areas, moderate in the cities and
attentive to the Catholic and Jewish votes in
St. Louis. It should not attempt to duplicate
the good organization which we have in the 7th
district and to a large extent should stay out
of that particular area.
Wallace will be a factor in the middle part
of the state and in these areas will draw votes
from RN. In the cities, some of the vote that
he draws will be from the Democrats. It is
Pg. 26
interesting to note that while RN lost the
city of St. Louis in 1960 by 101,000 votes, Gold-
water only lost it in 1964 by about 76,000
votes. Had we done as well in St. Louis in '60
as Goldwater did in '64 we would have carried the
state. This fact underlines the importance of
having a very active and vigorous organization
in the city.
Tom Curtis has about a fifty fifty chance of
being elected to the Senate this year and out-
side the two major cities it probably would do
us both some good to work together. The Repub-
lican gubernatorial candidate, Mr. Roos, has
good strength in St. Jouis and most probably we
should run with him in that area. He lacks
appeal in the rural areas and the fact that he
is a Jew hurts him outstate. Therefore, we should
run with Curtis in most of the outstate areas
and Roos in St. Louis.
ILLINOIS
The basic political problem in Illinois is to
get out the vote downstate and cut down on the
Democratic margin in the city of Chicago. The
Citizens' operation therefore should supplement
the Republican party apparatus in the downstate
areas and more or less supplant it in Cook
County. We should coordinate our campaign with
Dirksen in the outstate areas and run strongly
with Ogilvie in the Chicago area. Needless to
Pg. 27
say, extra money and effort should be placed in
Chicago. If we can cut the Democratic margin
in Cook County to as little as 250,000 we can.
win the state with ease.
MICHIGAN
In 1960, RN lost Michigan by approximately
67,000 votes out of 3.2 million cast. He lost
Wayne County (Detroit) by approximately 380,000
votes. The problem therefore, becomes obvious -
we must cut down on the Democratic margin in
the city of Detroit. If we can cut it down to
something in the neighborhood of 250 to 275
thousand we will win the. state with ease. The
Citizens should be extremely active in Detroit
with special emphasis on the Catholic minority
groups there most particularly the Polish people.
Outstate, the Citizens' operation should assist
the Republican apparatus in getting out the vote.
If it appears after the convention that Governor
Romney is not enthusiastic in his support, it
may be necessary for the Citizens to become
doubley active to pick up the slack from the party.
We have 12 out of the 19 congressmen from Michi-
gan and control all of the geographic area out-
side the city of Detroit. Most of these Cong-
ressmen appear to have no problem in getting
elected although there is some looseness in the
Flint district as well as the Kalamazoo district.
Needless to say, extra time, effort and money
Pg. 28
should be devoted to cutting the margins in
Detroit. There are no other statewide races
in Michigan this year therefore, most of the
time and attention of the party can be directed
toward the presidential election.
OHIO
RN carried Ohio in 1950 by about 73,000 votes.
Reviewing the figures it is easy to see how
this was accomplished. We kept the margin in
the city of Cleveland down to 141,000 votes,
carried the city of Cincinnati by 35,000 votes,
carried the city of Dayton by about 10,000 votes
and carried the city of. Columbus by 41,000 votes.
In the rural areas and smaller cities we were
able to win significantly. A duplication of
this effort will be necessary in 1968.
The Republican party of Ohio is in many senses
the best party organization that we have in the
country. It operates with a registration de-
ficiency which is greater than that which per-
tains to Michigan and yet has produced 19 out
of the 24 congressional seats. Ohio is very
heavily unionized and yet the party is strong
enough that the unions are unable to deliver a
large share of their membership to the Democrats.
The Ohio party is used to working with Citizens'
organizations and holds them in high esteem.
Therefore, with that small amount of tact, there
should be little cause for friction between the
Pg. 29
Citizens and the regular party in Chio. Hence,
time and money will have to be devoted to dupli-
cating the 1960 effort but if this is done
we should carry the state more easily than we
did in 1960.
There is a Senate race in Ohio this year and we
are fortunate that we are not running against
Senator Lausche. Had lausche been running he
would have cut into some of our conservative
vote and some of it may have remained in the
Democratic column. With Gilligan, however, this
will not be a problem. Saxbe should run a good
race and Rhodes is certainly doing all he can
to help him. He is not a very attractive candi-
date, however, and has difficulty in public
appearances but in the interest of getting a
maximum effort out of the party for RN it
probably would be good to run fairly closely
with him. The one exception to this would pro-
bably be in Cleveland.
PENNSYLVANIA
RN lost Pennsylvania in 1960 by 117,000 votes.
He lost the city of Philadelphia by 331,000
votes and lost Pittsburgh by a little over a
hundred thousand votes. Again the problem is
obvious - we must cut down the Democratic margins
in Philadelphia and to some extent Pittsburgh
by a significant proportion. If we can come
out of both of these cities with a loss to the
Pg. 30
Democrats of 200 to 230 thousand we should be
able to carry the state. Some attention should
also be given to the Lackawanna County area
(Scranton) which we lost in 1950 by 31,000
votes and the Luzerne County area (Wilkes-Barre)
which we lost by 33,000 votes. In all of the
above areas significant gains can be made in the
Catholic vote.
The Republican party in Pennsylvania is in fairly
decent shape but definitely needs great supple-
mentation in all of the areas mentioned above.
The Citizens should concentrate on Philadelphia,
Pittsburgh, Scranton and Wilkes-Barre. In, the
rest of the state, the Citizens can assist in
getting out the vote.
The Senate race will be a difficult thing to
contend with here since Congressman Schweiker
is not very well known statewide and at present
is lagging horribly in the polls to Senator
Clark. it therefore does not appear to be in our
interest at this time to run very closely with
him. If we. cannot avoid running with him as
may be the case we should do SQ only in the eastern
part of the state and run our own show in the West.
NEW JERSEY
RN lost New Jersey in 1960 by 22,000 votes.
He lost Essex County by 50,000 votes, Hudson
County by 61,000 votes and Middlesex County by
Pg. 31
33,000 votes. Again the problem is obvious;
we must put forth a better effort in these
three areas and work a little harder to get out
the vote in the ramaining areas.
The Republican party of New Jersey is among the
worst organizations that we have in the country.
To a large extent the Citizens' operation will
have to run the campaign in the state. Our
greatest chance for improvement lies with the
Catholic vote.
WISCONSIN
RN carried Wisconsin in 1960 by about 64,000
votes. In doing so, he held the Democratic
margin in Milwaukee to 70,000 votes and ran about
even in Madison. This effort of course will
have to be duplicated. In the rest of the state
the problem is mainly one of getting out the
vote. The Citizens should concentrate on these
two areas but since the Republican apparatus
in Wisconsin is good, it should be the main
instrument of our campaign there.
A Senate seat and the governorship are up for
election this year and we can have close coor-
dination with these two campaigns without hurt-
ing ourselves. In Milwaukee, it is again the
Catholic vote that we must work at obtaining.
TEXAS
RN lost Texas in 1960 by 46,000 votes out of
2.3 million cast. RN carried Harris Co. (Houston)
Pg. 32
by 20,000 votes, Dallas County (Dallas) by
61,000 votes, lost San Antonio by 12,000 votes
and lost in the rural areas and small cities.
Since then, we have become a stronger party in
the rural areas and smaller cities and should do
better in them this year. The basic problem is
to again carry Dallas and Houston, do better in
San Antonio and do better in the rural areas and
smaller cities. As much as possible we should
make use of the organization which Senator Tower
put together in 1966 for his re-election and
supplement that with a vigorous Citizens' opera-
tion throughout the state. Texas is essentially
a conservative state and Wallace will be a harmful
factor to us in Texas unless we can dry up his
vote.
There is a statewide race for the governorship
going on but it would harm us greatly to become
too closely associated with it. Special attention
should be given this year to the Mexican-Ameri-
can minority in Texas. This is a group that
Kennedy did well with in 1960 and Tower has done
very well with in the meantime. If we work at
it we should be able to make some headway this
year.
DELAWARE
RN lost Delaware by 3,300 votes in 1960. He
lost New Castle County (Wilmington) by a little
over 4,000 votes. The Citizens should be active
Pg. 33
and vital in Wilmington and in the downstate
areas of the state we should try harder to get
out the vote. The city of Wilmington is greatly
affected by both newspapers and television from
Philadelphia and this will have great effect on
how the vote goes in Wilmington. Downstate,
the complexion of the voters is much like the
eastern shore of Maryland, namely, fairly con-
servative and nominally Democratic. Wallace
may pull some votes in the downstate area and
we should be aware of this danger. The key to
the situation, however, involves carrying Wil-
mington where the bulk of the vote is.
The governorship is up this year and while
we are not fielding our best candidate, Mr.
Peterson has a very good chance of beating
incumbent Governor Terry. Peterson is backed
heavily by DuPont interests and they will be
very interested in his campaign. It will pro-
bably do us no harm to identify and coordinate
with him. He should run well in Wilmington.
WASHINGTON
We have a difficult problem in Washington be-
cause of the split in our own party which shows
no signs of getting any better. In 1960 RN
carried Washington by 30,000 votes, half of
which was provided by a 16,000 vote majority
in King County (Seattle). If we can again carry
Seattle and run a normal race in the rest of the
Pg. 34
state we should be able to win in '68.
Of course, nothing that we attempt to do in
Washington will come to any benefit unless we
can work out the party problem there. So far
we have been able to keep fairly good relation-
ships with both wings of the party and have not
been damaged by their reciprocal hatred of each
other. However, we are now approaching the period
where they will be forced to work together if we
are to win there; this problem must be given
great attention. If we cannot solve it, we will
have to work almost exclusively through RN's
Citizens' organization. The decision as to which
we must do will have to be made very quickly
after the convention.
Governor Evans will be seeking re-election this
fall and there is also a senatorial seat up
for election. Governor Evans faces a tough
race because of hatred witnin his own party as
well as a decline in his popularity because of
new tax legislation. The Senate race looks
hopeless for the Republicans. The effect of
both these races is such that we will be endanger-
ing ourselves by running too closely with either
race. If we wind up running our campaign
exclusively through the Citizens the problem of
not identifying too closely with the rest of the
ticket will probably be mitigated. Under no
Pg. 35
circumstances should we leave ourselves at the
mercy of the party in its present condition.
OREGON
RN carried Oregon in 1950 by 41,000 votes.
This was accomplished by carrying Multnomah
County (Portland) by about 3,000 votes. If this
effort can be duplicated, the rest of the state
will pretty well take care of itself. Of course,
extra time and effort will have to be spent in
the city of Portland to assure a result similar
to that of 1960. In the rest of the state we
need just to get out the vote.
The Senate race in Oregon has great promise this
year and we should not be afraid to identify
with it. Senator Morse barely got through the
primary and if the Duncan supporters can be
brought around behind Bob Packwood we should
stand a very good chance of picking up that
seat. Packwood is bright, good looking and
articulate and will run a good race. His only
major problem at the moment is the fact that he
is not well known across the state.
CALIFORNIA
RN carried California in 1960 by 35,000 votes.
This was accomplished by carrying southern
California by a respectable margin and keeping
the Democratic margin in the San Francisco area
from getting out of line. RN carried Los Angeles
County, San Diego, Orange, San Bernardino, Santa
Pg. 36
Barbara, Santa Clara and San Mateo by good
margins and this was enough to make up for losses
in San Francisco, Alameda, Sacramento and Fresno.
The key to '68 remains to come out of the
southern part of the state with enough of the
majority to make up for losses in the North.
Both we and the Democrats have significant pro-
blems this year, we because of Wallace and the
Democrats because of the anti-administration vote.
Unless we can dry up Wallace's vote in southern
California it will be difficult for us to come
out of that region with, the necessary votes to
combat the Democrats. The Democrats on the other
hand will have to do something about the McCarthy
problem in the North if they are to earn the nor-
mal majorities that they ought to enjoy. While
many people feel the Democrats have the worst
problem of the two I'm not at all sure that
this is the case.
Some use can be made of the Rafferty candidacy
in the southern part of the state where he is
destined to. be more popular with extreme right
wingers than we are and therefore could help
to cut down on the Wallace strength for us. In
the northern part of the state, however, we should
run away from him as fast as possible since he
would be exceptionally weak in that area.
The California operation should be run as an
Pg. 37
entirely separate entity from anything else
that we are doing. Our national Citizens'
group should not get involved there nor should
the portion of our organization dealing with
the statewide parties. The chain of command
should run directly from our state campaign
manager to our national campaign manager and
all problems should be worked out directly at
that level. The importance of the state to us
is of such magnitude that any problem arising in
it I think is best handled most directly.
III. STATES THAT MAY HAVE TO BE RE-EVALUATED
GEORGIA
Governor Wallace is presently having a great
deal of trouble amassing 100,000 necessary
signatures to get on the Georgia ballot. At.
last report he had approximately 20 to 30
thousand with about another six weeks to come
up with the rest. If he does not qualify for the
Georgia ballot on September 1st we should devote
extensive effort to Georgia in an attempt to
carry it.
The key to carrying Georgia in a two man race
revolves around doing well in the cities. At-
lanta, Augusta, Savannah, Columbus, Albany,
Athens and Macon should be heavily developed
by the Citizens in conjunction with the party
operation put forward for Bo Callaway in 1966.
Pg. 38
MARYLAND
At present it does not look as though we could
possibly carry Maryland this year, RN having
lost it in 1960 by 76,000 votes. However, if
we place a liberal to moderate candidate on the
ticket with us, and some of our options in the
South become cut off, it may be necessary to
carry Maryland.
If this is the case great attention has to be
given to the suburban Washington areas of the
state. In 1950 RN lost both Montgomery and
Prince Georges counties by a combined total of
25,000 votes. This coupled with his loss in
the city of Baltimore by 88,000 votes was too much
for the Republican margin in the rest of the
state to handle. If we have to carry the state,
significant effort would have to be devoted
to the city of Baltimore and we would have to
carry Montgomery and Prince Georges Counties
by about 30,000 votes.
Much of the effort in Maryland would have to be
carried on by the Citizens since the party there
is very weak. Congressman Mathias is running a
good race against Senator Brewster for the Senate
and if we ever attack the state seriously we
should coordinate our efforts with his. He
should run strongly in the suburban Washington
area since he has represented it in the past in
Congress.
Pg. 39
CONNECTICUT
It does not appear at the moment that we have
any real chance of getting Connecticut. In
1960 RN lost the state by 91,000 votes and the
party is not as strong now as it was in 1960.
If, however, we lose some of our options in the
South and are forced to try to carry it there are
four things which we must do differently this
time: (1) we must carry the Fairfield County
area by much more than the 21,000 votes which
we carried it by in 1960; (2) we must carry the
2nd congressional district area (New London),
something which we failed to do in 1960; (3)
we must cut significantly into the Democratic
margins in Hartford and New Haven which amounted
to 59 thousand and 52 thousand respectively; (4)
we must make a substantial effort across the
state to win a majority of the Italian vote
which is presently disaffected from the Irish
leadership of the Democratic party. There are
more Italians in Connecticut than any other
ethnic group and normally in the past they have
voted Democratic.
The party apparatus in Connecticut is excep-
tionally weak and any effort that we would main-
tain there of any nature would have to be con-
ducted entirely through a Citizens' operation.
There is a Senate seat up this year but the
Republicans stand very little chance of gaining
Pg. 40
it and if we must run there seriously we should
run on our own and not in conjunction with the
senatorial race.
MINNESOTA
If either Hubert Humphrey or Eugene McCarthy
is the Democratic nominee the natural assump-
tion is that we would forget about Minnesota
since both are native sons of the state.
However, it is not inconceivable given the
hatreds presently being generated by the rivalry
between the two men that a significant enough
split might develop in the Democratic party that
we would have to re-evaluate and put forward
a significant effort in Minnesota.
The election will be won or lost in Minnesota
in the suburbs of Minneapolis and St. Paul.
In 1960 RN carried Hennepin County (Minneapolis)
by 10,000 votes but lost Ramsey County (St.
Paul) by about 31,000 votes. RN lost the
state by about 22,000 votes. If we were forced
to try to succeed in Minnesota this year, it
would be necessary to improve our margin in
Hennepin and cut down on the Democratic margin
in Ramsey. Most of the possibilities of doing
this revolve around our efforts in the suburbs of
the cities themselves. The rural vote is quite
predictable and all that should be done out
there is try to turn it out in significant
numbers.
Pg. 41
The Republican party of Minnesota is in much
better shape today than it was eight years
ago and if we are forced to the test there it
could be of much more help than was true in
1960. It is well organized throughout the
state and functions in statewide campaigns in
good fashion. Citizens would have to be active
in the two major cities but in doing so the
regular party could be of tremendous help.
There is no other statewide race this year in
Minnesota and therefore most attention could
be focused on the presidential race.
NEW YORK
There is little hope in my mind of RN carrying
New York this year but it is not inconceivable
that the split in the Democratic party might
reach such proportions that we would have to re-
examine the state. In 1960 RN lost the city of
New York by a total of 791,000 votes, losing
statewide by about 383,000 votes. f he were to
attempt to carry the state this year, we should
concentrate on carrying the boroughs of Queens
and Staten Island and cutting down on the
Democratic margins in the Bronx and Brooklyn.
In 1960 we lost Queens by 69,000 votes, the
Bronx by 207,000 votes and Brooklyn by 319,000
votes. In all three of these areas, the inter-
vening eight years has shown considerable strength
in the Conservative Party and if we have to carry
Pg. 42
the state we should try to work out some accomo-
dation to get a fourth line on the ballot with the
Conservatives. The value of having an extra
line in New York is shown by the fact that in
1960 RN carried New York on the straight Repub-
lican-Democratic vote totals but the 406,000
votes which Kennedy carried on the Liberal line
was more than enough to win the statewide
election for him. It is estimated that RN,
running on the conservative line would poll
somewhere between 800,000 and a million votes.
Outside the city, the upstate portion of the
party has decent strength except for the cities
of Albany and Buffalo. These would have to have
considerable Citizens' activity in addition to
New York City. Extra effort should also be
put in the suburban areas, namely, Nassau,
Suffolk and Westchester. We carried these in
1960 but the margins there were not as much as
they should have been.
IV. STATES WHICH SHOULD BE TOTALLY DISREGARDED
LOUISIANA
Wallace is just too strong, the Republican
party is just too weak.
MISSISSIPPI
Wallace all the way.
ALABAMA
Wallace will register his biggest here.
Pg. 43
RHODE ISLAND
Just too damn many Democrats.
MASSACHUSETTS Democratic tendency in national election too
strong this year.
WEST VIRGINIA The only state in the union where people still
look kindly at the Johnson Administration.
II. SWING STATES
GENERAL - There are 55 campaign days between Labor Day and
the election. If RN takes a conservative running mate I
would suggest that his time be spent in the following fashion:
California
8 days
Illinois
5 days
Michigan
5 days
Ohio
5 days
Pennsylvania
6 days
New Jersey
4 days
Missouri
2 days
Texas
4 days
Wiconsin
1 day
Oregon
1 day
Washington
1 day
TOTAL
42 days
This will leave 13 additional days. 7 of these should be
used to try to cover the following states in one stop,
brief visits: Virginia, North Carolina, Florida, Kentucky,
Tennessee, Arkansas, New Mexico, Colorado, Nevada, Hawaii,
and Alaska.
Of the remaining 6 days, 3 should be left available at the
end of the campaign to revisit any state that we feel is
necessary, or to make brief visits in states which were
not visited up until that time. Three other days should
be left available for special events (nationwide telethons,
preparing for debates, etc.) The Vice Presidential candi-
date should spend approximately 40 campaign days in those
-2-
states referred to in the accompanying memo as "Southern
and safe states". The remainder of his time should be
spent thusly:
Texas
4 days
Missouri
2 days
Illinois
3 days
California
1 day
TOTAL
10 days
The remaining five days should be reserved for flexibility
at the end of the campaign and special appearances with
the Presidential candidate.
If the Vice President is a Liberal, RN will have to visit
the following states in addition to those mentioned above:
South Carolina, Oklahoma, Kansas, Iowa, Montana and Idaho,
and increase the amount of time spent in Virginia, North
Carolina, Kentucky, Tennessee, Florida, Arkansas, Texas
and Missouri. The result. of this would be reducing ten
full days from the swing states (except for Texas) in the
following fashion:
California
5 days
Illinois
4 days
Michigan
4 days
Pennsylvania
4 days
Ohio
4 days
New Jersey
3 days
Missouri
1 day
Texas
6 days
-3-
The Vice President, if he is a Liberal, should spend
approximately 40 to 45 days in the following cities:
Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Chicago, Cleveland, Cincinnati,
Milwaukee, St. Louis, Kansas City, San Francisco, Port-
land, Newark, Scranton, Dayton, Akron, Madison and Denver.
The remainder of his time should be spent in courtesy
calls in the Northeast, Middle West, and Far West. If
the Vice President is a Liberal, I know there will be
severe pressures for RN to visit Arizona, Utah, Nebraska,
North Dakota, South Dakota and Wyoming. No matter how
intense the pressure gets, however, we should not visit
any of these states.
Whatever time RN does spend in the swing states, I think
approximately half of the campaign time allotted should be
spent in September and the other half in middle to late
October.
If 6 days are allotted in Pennsylvania, 3 should be spent
in Philadelphia, 1 full day in Pittsburgh and 2 days to
getting out the vote in the rest of the state. If only
5 days are available they should be spent 3 in Philadelphia,
1 in Pittsburgh, and one to get out the vote.
-4-
In Michigan, if 5 days are available, 4 should be spent
in and around Detroit, and 1 day to cover the following
cities: Ann Arbor, Kalamazoo, Battle Creek, Jackson,
Lansing, Grand Rapids, and Flint. If only 4 days are
available in Michigan, RN should spend 3 for Detroit and
1 covering other cities.
If 8 are available in California they should be spent in
4 separate 2-day swings running between San Francisco and
San Diego. If only 5 days are available it would necessitate
cutting these trips to 2 and spending the extra day in Los
Angeles County.
In Illinois, if 5 days are available, 4 should be spent in
Chicago and its surrounding suburbs leaving 1 day in the
rest of the state to get out the vote; if only 4 days are
available, 3 in Chicago and 1 downstate.
If 5 days are available in Ohio, 2 should be spent in and
around Cleveland, 1 in Cincinnati and 2 skipping around
Columbus, Dayton, Akron, Toledo, Canton, Lima, Zanesville,
Lancaster, Springfield, etc.; of course, if only 4 days are
available, spend 1 in Cleveland, 1 in Cincinnati and 2 for
the rest.
-5-
In New Jersey, if 4 days are available, 3 full days should
be spent in the area north of Trenton, most particularly
in Essex and Union Counties and 1 in the remainder of the
state; if only 3 days are available, this would make it
2 in the North and 1 in the South.
In Texas, RN would have to carry the burden of campaigning
in the rural areas of the state as well as the cities, if
a Liberal were named.
Television, advertising and money will have to be increased
proportionately if RN spends less time in any particular
state. For instance, if RN can only spend 5 days in Cali-
fornia instead of 8, we will have to, in my judgment,
almost double the TV and media responsibilities. The TV
and other media will have to pick up the slack for the
missing candidate.
I would recommend the following extra speakers in relation
to each state: California - Tower, Reagan, Murphy and
Fannin in the southern part of the state (conservate vote);
Mark Hatfield and Senator Brooke and Senator Percy in the
North (Liberal Republicans and moderate Democrats).
Illinois - Reagan downstate areas, Brooke, Percy and Hat-
field in Cook County. Michigan - George Romney everywhere.
-6-
Ohio - Lindsay and Brooke in Cleveland, any midwestern
Senator or Governor in the western part of the state;
Governor Rhodes should speak out every day wherever he
happens to be. Pennsylvania - Scott and Scranton any-
where east of Harrisburg, Shafer in the West, Volpe (Ital-
ians), Brooke and Lindsay in Philadelphia. New Jersey -
Volpe in Jersey City and Newark (Italians), Brooke in
Newark, Lindsay in Newark and Jersey City. Missouri -
Brooke in St. Louis, Reagan in rural areas and Springfield.
Texas - Tower anywhere in the state. George Bush any-
where in the state. Ronald Reagan anywhere in the state.
Howard Baker anywhere in the state.
Obviously, the appearances of the above and any other indi-
vidual who can do us any good in these states should be
programmed not to coincide with visits by RN or the Vice
Presidential candidate.
July 19, 1968
MEMO TO : RN
FROM: John Sears
GENERAL ANALYSIS OF HOW MONEY, CANDIDATE'S TIME, VICE
PRESIDENT'S TIME AND OTHER PROMINENT FIGURE'S TIME
SHOULD BE SPENT IN THE CAMPAIGN
GENERAL DISCUSSION - In general terms the measure of what we
should do with regard to the above four assets can be measured
against what we did in 1960. As in most states that we carried
in 1960 we can duplicate the effort conducted in that year; those
states which need to be added in order to insure victory this
year will have to be re-evaluated.
If RN selects a conservative running mate, he can then spend
the vast majority of his time in the following states: Calif-
ornia, Texas, Illinois, Michigan. Ohio, Pennsylvania and New
Jersey. If he selects a Liberal mate, RN will have to deal
more directly with the Wallace Problem, this involving more
time in the South, and will also have to spend extra time
in some of the states now listed as sure. In this case the
Vice President will have to directly confront the problems
in the big states.
Without regard to whom the Vice President may turn out to be,
approximately 70 percent of our advertising money should be
concentrated in the above mentioned large states. Approxi-
mately one quarter of the advertising/media assets should
rg. C
be devoted to the South.
I. SAFE AND SOUTHERN STATES
VIRGINIA - Advertising, television and direct mail should be
concentrated in Washington, D.C. (because of its effect on
the 10th district), Richmond and Norfolk-Newport News. If
RN visits the state it should be Richmond. If the Vice Pres-
ident is conservative, he can be sent to any portion of the
state which is necessary. If he is Liberal an attempt should
be made to get a good portion of the Negro vote in Richmond
and Norfolk-Newport News. RN will then have to take care of
the Conservative side. Thurmond, Tower, and Reagan will be
helpful in combating the Wallace vote; Baker and Bush would
appeal to the youth in the state and it would be helpful,
and the Liberal sent should give one speech in the 10th
district.
NORTH CAROLINA. - Difficult state for television since there is
no one dominant city - those who have run statewide claim
direct mail is good. If RN comes to the state, he should appear
in the middle to the state (Winston-Salem or Greensboro) and
Charleston to get out the vote. He should stay out of the
eastern end of the state. If the Vice President is a conser-
vative, send him to the East to dry up Wallace and middle to
get out the vote. If Vice President is a Liberal, keep him out.
Thurmond can dry up the Wallace vote in the East and also
selectively in the mountain areas. Tower less able to do so,
Reagan good anywhere in the state.
SOUTH CAROLINA - Television and advertising should concentrate
on Charleston, Columbia and to a lesser degree Anderson. If
RN comes he should go to either Columbia or Charleston. If
Vice President is a conservative, he should spend at least a
day in the state and try to appear in all six congressional
districts. If Vice President is Liberal, keep him out.
Extra speakers - Thurmond.
FLORIDA - Television and advertising money should be spent in
Miami and to a lesser degree Jacksonville, St. Petersburg
and Orlando. If RN comes, he should appear in Miami. If Vice
President is a conservative, he should spend a day and a half
and try to cover Jacksonville, Ft. Lauderdale, St. Petersburg
and Miami. If Vice President is a Liberal, might be able to
sneak him in somewhere (Miami) but would probably hurt more
than help statewide. Extra speakers - Thurmond in the North,
Tower in the rest of the state. Baker and Bush would have
youth appeal.
KENTUCKY - Vast majority of advertising and television must
be devoted to Louisville. If RN comes, he should go to
Louisville. If Vice President is a conservative, he should
go to the 5th district and also the 4th. If time permitted
he could also make one stop in the western end of the state
and one in Lexington to try to dry up Wallace. If Vice Pres-
ident is a Liberal, he should go to Louisville. Extra speakers-
Thurmond in the western and eastern ends of the state - Baker
in Louisville.
ARKANSAS - Television and advertising in Little Rock and some
in Fort Smith (West Memphis area should get some overlap from
Memphis, Tennesse). If RN comes, he should go to Little Rock.
If Vice President is conservative he should stop in El Dorado,
Fort Smith, and Little Rock. If he is Liberal, might sneak
him into pick up Negro votes but difficult to tell where -
otherwise keep him out. Extra speakers - Tower and Baker.
TENNESSEE - Media and advertising should be concentrated in
Memphis. Chattanooga and Knoxville. If RN comes he should
appear once in Memphis and once in the eastern end of the
state. If Vice President is a conservative, he should campaign
the western part of the state hard to dry up Wallace and the East
to get out the vote. If he is a Liberal send him into the
eastern end of the state. Extra speakers - Thurmond in the
West to dry up Wallace; Baker and Tower in the East to get
out the vote.
INDIANA - Little media necessary but it should be concentrated
in Indianapolis. If Vice President is a conservative, anywhere
but Gary or possibly South Bend okay. If he is a Liberal, send
him to Gary and South Bend. RN should not spend any time in
Indiana at all. Extra speakers - Mundt, Hruska, Jack Miller
or any conservative Senator.
IOWA - Advertising and media concentrated in Des Moines. If
RN comes he should go to Des Moines. If Vice President is
conservative, he should take a day and cover the 7th, 6th, 3rd,
2nd and 1st congressional districts (a rural stop in the 7th,
Sioux City in the 6th, Waterloo in 3rd, Cedar Rapids in 2nd
and Davenport in the 1st). If Vice President is a Liberal,
send him to Des Moines. Extra speakers - any conservative
Senator, Governor Tiemann and Reagan.
SOUTH DAKOTA - Anything that's spent, spend it in Sioux Falls.
RN should not come. If Vice President is a conservative, make
one courtesy stop in eastern end of the state. If Vice Presidnet
is a Liberal, same thing. Extra speakers - should not bother
but almost anyone would be fine.
NORTH DAKOTA - Little or notelevision and advertising but if
any is spent should be divided between Fargo and Minot. RN
should not come. If Vice President is conservative, should
make a courtesy stop anywhere he wants. Same for Liberal Vice
President. No extra speakers required - any midwestern
conservative is good.
MONTANA - No television or intensive advertising necessary.
TV from Spokane, Washington hits the western part of Montana.
If RN comes, should appear in the western end of the state. If
Vice President is a conservative, he should make one stop in
Missoula and one in Billings. If Vice President is Liberal,
have him make two stops in the western end of the state.
Extra speakers - Laxalt, Hickel and Senator Jordan.
WYOMING - Local television or extensive advertising silly. RN
should not come. If Vice President conservative, send him to
Cheyenne or Casper; if Liberal, Cheyenne. Extra speakers -
anybody who doesn't have enough to do.
UTAH - Small amount of advertising in Salt Lake City to get
out the vote. RN should not come. If Vice President is
conservative, he should go to Salt Lake City. If he is a
Liberal, the same. Extra speakers - George Romney.
ARIZONA - A little advertising to get out the vote in
Phoenix. RN should not come. If Vice President is a con-
servative, send him to Phoenix. If he is a Liberal, send
him to Tucson. Extra speakers - Romney )Morman vote), and
conservative.
NEVADA - Little extra media to sell RN in Las Vegas and Reno.
If RN comes, he should go to T.as Vegas. The Vice President,
whether conservative or Liberal, should go to Las Vegas and
Reno. Extra speakers - Hickel and Laxalt.
NEW MEXICO - Media money should be spent in Albuquerque. If
RN comes he should go to Albuquerque. If Vice President is a
conservative, Roswell and Albuquerque. If Vice President is
a Liberal, Albuquerque and Santa Fe. Extra speakers - Tower
(Mexican-Americans) and Hickel.
COLORADO - Media money should be spent in Denver. If RN comes
he should go to Denver. If Vice President is conservative, he
should go to Denver, Colorado Springs and Pueblo. If he is
Liberal go to Denver. Extra speakers - Governor Love in
Denver.
NEBRASKA - Any advertising and media money should be spent in
Omaha. RN should not visit the state. If Vice President is
conservative, Omaha and possibly Lincoln. If he is a Liberal,
just Omaha. Extra speakers not necessary - any okay.
KANSAS - No media money necessary (will get benefit of money
spent in Kansas City, Missouri). RN should not visit the state.
If Vice President is conservative, should go to Wichita and
possibly one stop in the western part of the state. If a Liberal,
somewhere in Johnson County and possibly Topeka. No extra
speakers necessary - any okay.
OKLAHOMA - Any advertising money spent should be spent in
Oklahoma City and Tulsa. If RN comes, he should go to Oklahoma
City. If Vice President is conservative, he should go to Okla-
homa City, Tulsa and Bartlesville. If he is a Liberal, go to
Oklahoma City. Extra speakers - any conservative senator,
Tower to dry up Wallace where necessary.
ALASKA - Any money spent should be spent in Anchorage-Fairbanks.
If RN comes he should go to Anchorage. Vice President, either
Liberal or conservative should also go to Anchorage. Extra
speakers - they'll be glad to see anyone from the mainland.
HAWAII - Any advertising or media money should go to Honolulu.
If RN comes, he should go to Honolulu as should anyone else
who happens to come.
NEW HAMPSHIRE, VERMONT AND MAINE - Any advertising and media
should come from Boston. If RN goes anywhere within territorial
limits of these three states, it probably should be Maine.
Vice President, whether he be a Liberal or conservative should
make one stop in Manchester, New Hampshire and one in Portland,
Maine. No extra speakers necessary - any okay.
J. WALTER THOMPSON COMPANY
H. R. HALDEMAN
6505 WILSHIRE BOULEVARD
VICE PRESIDENT
Los ANGELES 90048
LOS ANGELES MANAGER
June 20, 1967
Dear Dick:
Enclosed is a first draft of some general thoughts regarding political
campaigning and some specific ideas for implementation.
I hope you'll be able to take a few minutes to read through it because
I am firmly convinced that the whole basic approach to campaigns must
be revised - and you are in an especially good position to do this in
1968.
Even if you don't buy all of these ideas, I think you'll agree with the
basic concept and with at least some of the specific suggestions.
Rather than trying to finalize a formal and complete recommendation
for you, I felt it might be more productive to get your reaction to
this draft first - and then to revise and extend it along the lines
you feel would be most productive.
In other words, this is a general start on the subject, not an attempt
at a finished product.
A great deal of truly creative thinking is needed in the development
of ways to use TV, and this is especially important if this general
approach is used. I have not tried to develop these in the attached
draft.
The pre-primary travel period and the primary campaigns offer ideal
opportunities to test and refine campaign techniques, and all of the
points in the attached draft apply to this period just as much as to
the general campaign.
Hope this will be of some help.
Cordial]
H. R. Haldeman
The Honorable Richard M. Nixon
20 Broad Street
New York 10005
cc: Rose Mary Woods
Tom Evans
Dwight Chapin
Enclosure
I. INTRODUCTION
CAMPAIGNING
The time has come for political campaigning - its techniques
and strategies - to move out of the dark ages and into the brave
new world of the omnipresent "eye."
A candidate for any city-wide, state-wide or national
office can't afford the old "tried and true" methods of campaigning:
six speeches a day, plus several handshaking receptions, a few
hours at factory gates and a soul-crushing travel schedule. Just
because it has always been this way doesn't mean it always has to
be.
Let's look at the whole thing from the viewpoint of just
basic logic. If a national candidate actually does six speeches
a day, six days a week, for the full eight-week campaign period,
he'll make 288 speeches. If he has a spectacular crowd-gathering
ability (or staff), he might average 5,000 per speech (but no one
ever has). So he will have spoken in the flesh to a total of
1,440,000 people. A reasonable estimate is that at least 75% of
those people are his loyal adherents. So he's had the opportunity
to convert only 380,000. True, most elections, except national,
are won by less than that. But then, will he really convert this
25% - and is it really 25%? Probably more likely 10%.
What happens to the candidate in this process? He becomes
punchy, mauled by his admirers, jeered and deflated by his
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opponent's supporters (and paid troublemakers), misled by the
super-stimulation of one frenzied rally after another. He has no
time to think, to study his opponent's strategy and statements, to
develop his own strategy and statements. No wonder the almost
inevitable campaign dialogue borders so near the idiot level.
Yes, but think of the great value it has in "firing up the
troops." Baloney! Analyze carefully the actual number of troops
that count in a campaign, and you'll find they are very few, can
be fired up much more effectively and efficiently by small
"private" sessions on an informal basis with the candidate, and
are themselves being worn to a frazzle and constantly diverted
from important activity (precinct work and telephoning) to crank
up a crowd for the next rally or airport arrival.
True, maybe, but the real importance is the effect on
news media and thus indirectly on their vast audiences. That's
the worst argument of all. How many stories per day will any
newspaper or radio or television station carry about a single
candidate? Answer: one - if he's really lucky, important or
controversial. So what's the use of roaring around making six,
eight or ten stories every day?
Obviously it's to get localized coverage in each area of
the constituency. But isn't the wire story, the commentator or
the syndicated columnist what really counts? It sure is!
So what do you do - quit campaign travels and sit on the
front porch? Not at all. You plan a campaign that is designed
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to cover the important localities, provide excitement and stimula-
tion for your supporters, generate major news every day, generate
intensive coverage in depth by commentators and columnists, develop
a meaningful dialogue (even if one-sided), and still offer a
reasonable chance of the candidate's survival.
II. GENERAL APPROACH
How, then, does a candidate plan his campaign schedule (and
build his campaign organization) to accomplish these objectives?
First - the whole approach and the basis for all planning
and structuring must be directed to the same concept: that the
candidate's time, energy and thinking will be programmed for
maximum possible benefit. And maximum benefit is defined as
reaching the most people most effectively. And this does not
necessarily mean in the flesh.
He has to take maximum advantage of the media of mass
communications, with emphasis on that or those which reach the
most people and present him most favorably and believably.
Television will undoubtedly be pre-eminent - but radio, newspapers
and magazines should not be overlooked.
One news lead per day
The first consideration is development of one major news
lead per day. (Herb Klein argues strongly for two leads per day -
one timed for AM newspapers and another for PM's and TV/radio news.
This should be carefully analyzed, because he's probably right.
On the other hand, one per day is obviously more desirable from
our point of view, and in a presidential campaign the AM's and
PM's both have to cover a candidate's news, so there may be a
way to work satisfactorily with just one lead per day - I hope
so.) This can result from a speech made at a rally, a statement
at a formal news conference, a remark made apparently offhandedly
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at an airport or on the sidewalk, a television or radio address,
a "confidential" interview with a columnist, a reaction to a
planted position or question by a prominent supporter, an answer
to the opponent's attack or position, release of a white paper,
a statement by a prominent supporter expert in some field,
reaction to a major external news break, or just a formal news
release.
Over the period of the campaign, all of these and other
devices should be used on a carefully planned but apparently
random basis. No regular pattern should-be established, and the
element of surprise should be skilfully utilized.
Not a single day should pass without such a news lead,
planned in advance as to content and method of release and
coordinated with the total campaign effort. The whole approach
should be one of initiation and attack, rather than reaction and
counterattack. The timing and approach should not be dictated by
the opposition.
Obviously, it will be necessary at times to react and to
counterattack - and to revise strategy to fit the developing
situation and the opponent's strategy. But this in no way
precludes the necessity for a complete, preconceived plan, even
though it be revised daily.
Overall schedule
After an overall skeleton is developed on the basis of the
daily news lead, the candidate's schedule can be filled in, using
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his time for a balanced program of corollary supporting activities.
Major needs will include at least one major public appearance
almost every working day, one or two offbeat "color" activities,
many short and a few long personal or small group meetings, ample
staff time, frequent studio time (TV and radio) and, by a wide
margin most important, lots of free time for thinking, rest,
recreation, reading and unplanned activity. Also maximum use of
programmed phone calls.
Major public appearances
The daily public appearance(s) may or may not be the base for
the news lead as mentioned above. When it is, it should be
carefully staged - and when it's not, the speech should be standard
so we retain control of what the lead will be. These appearances
should not all be rallies. Some should be motorcades, staged
visits to plants, hospitals, etc., large worker meetings, head-
quarters drop-bys. Some should be at night, some in the daytime.
All should be designed for maximum coverage - and should not be
restricted to the stereotyped kinds of political appearances. They
should be dictated by the overall strategy, not by the pressures
of local organizations or leaders.
Offbeat activity
The offbeat "color" activity should be planned for
particular effects, generally in the "image-building" area. In
many cases these would appear to be unscheduled and spontaneous.
They would always be an integral part of the overall plan. These
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would include frequent use of "drop-bys" at group meetings, human
interest individual contacts at all levels (the shoeshine boy,
Billy Graham, a kid who has collected campaign funds, spectator
or participant sports, etc.). Some leeway for completely oppor-
tunistic activity, with staff always on the alert for possibilities.
Meetings
The personal or small group meetings would not be publicized
and are used to make points primarily with people who will in turn
reach large numbers of other people. Concentration is on TV and
radio commentators, columnists, syndicate feature writers,
publishers, station owners, major civic leaders, party leaders,
specific issue spokesmen.
It will be argued that this approach simply does not cover
enough cities - there is inadequate geographic spread. The answer
is that the important thing is not the one city where the candidate
is, but the coverage of his activities that goes into all cities.
Only a minute fraction of the people in a city where the candidate
appears actually see him in the flesh. The vast majority just
watch on TV or read about it in the newspapers. To these people,
what difference does it make if he's in their city, the neighboring
one, or one clear across the country?
The geographic pattern should be developed to provide
balanced regional coverage, with proper representation of large
and small cities, urban and rural, etc. But an appearance in a
small farm town in Iowa can be just as effective in its impact on
-8-
an Oregon small farm town resident as it is on the Iowans. In
other words, people identify with other similar people - so get
coverage of whatever group you're with and you'll affect all the
similar groups who see the coverage.
Programmed phone calls
Use phone calls to keep troops fired up. During allotted
time, two staff men work on placing calls. Get one lined up
ahead so candidate sits at one phone - pushes buttons to utilize
two lines alternatively - talks for 2 minutes on each call. Can
do about 25 calls in an hour. On some can go even faster. Staff
have calls programmed ahead with background card on each for
candidate's quick briefing.
Use phone calls to maintain ties with key commentators and
columnists. Call them two or three times a week for their
reactions to campaign. Don't tell them anything - ask for their
analysis and ideas. Pick some favorites and work them hard. Build
the list as fast as possible and keep adding to it.
Use a phone car for all long drives, and use time for phone
calls as per above - or else program car and other travel time for
one of specific purposes - i.e., staff, personal meetings, work,
rest, etc.
Radio network
Use network radio to keep troops fired up - by buying
5 minutes on national network every day through entire campaign -
at 6:30 pm local time. Have a daily report from the candidate
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and marching orders from campaign manager. A supply of fill-ins
could be pretaped for emergency use, but normally candidate would
tape current message each day. This could be delivered to local
outlet for network feed - or fed by phone. One staff man would be
producer and program would be tied to overall plan.
Mail
Use mail to fire up troops. Draft and start typing a
standard but personalized letter to each local chairman. Mail
them all two weeks before election day. Just thanks and encourage-
ment. Signed by candidate.
III. ADDENDA
AVERAGE DAY'S CONTENTS
Start at 9:00 AM - finished by 10:00 PM
Work 6 days a week. Use the Sunday for complete break - rest and
reading and planning.
Spend 2 hours on public events
2 hours on private meetings
2 hours for rest and writing and staff
2 hours for meals
2 hours for travel plus some of above time
1 hour for phone calls
1/2 hour briefing for traveling press - every day
1 1/2 hour TV taping.
SOME BASIC RULES
Don't go to cities that don't have adequate facilities
- good hotel with right room arrangements
- airport proximity and reasonable weather conditions
- good local organization for rally work, meeting, etc.
- major communications facilities - TV, radio, phone
Don't plan schedule on any basis except what we want.
Don't do any public fund raising during campaign -
use phone calls, private meetings and letters for this.
Use airport arrivals for offbeat color - suburban rallies, etc.,
but don't cut in to main public event.
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Use a few motorcades where they' 11 really work - and go all out.
For all other travel, use unpublicized routes, but look
for offbeat possibilities.
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SAMPLE DAY 1
9:00 leave hotel for
9:15 Publisher meeting - 1/2 hour - at the paper
9:45 leave for TV studio
10:00 makeup and preparation for TV taping
10:30-11:00 tape major statement for today
11:15 leave studio for luncheon at hotel
11:30 pre-reception with small group of civic leaders
12:00 group into luncheon - candidate to room to eat - 1 hour
1:00 candidate to luncheon - standard speech - 1/2 hour
15 minutes handshaking, etc.
Drop by convention luncheon on way out or in
2:00 return to room for phone calls - 1 hour
staff work - 1 hour
4:00 private meetings in suite - individuals - 15 minutes each -
3 per hour - 6 meetings
5:00 leave for airport - fly to next city - dinner and staff work
on plane
10:00 arrive at hotel
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SAMPLE DAY 2
9:00 leave hotel for airport
9:45 take off for next city
2 hours travel - staff work on plane
11:45 arrive new airport -
SUBURBAN WELCOME RALLY
standard speech
12:30 drive into town
1:00 arrive at convention luncheon in progress for drop-by
1:30
to suite -
1/2 hour lunch - staff
1 hour phone calls
3:00 to TV studio for panel program
3:15 at studio - makeup and preparation
3:45-4:15 tape show
4:30 leave for veterans' hospital visit - offbeat
4:45-5:30 at hospital
6:00 arrive at hotel - to suite - rest
6:30-7:00 cocktails - 6 key civic leaders
7:00 prepare for evening meeting - eat dinner
8:15 leave for major coliseum rally
8:30 speak at rally
9:30 return to hotel - overnight
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PHONE CALL PROCEDURE
1. Maintain roto card file - 4 X 6 cards alpha by name.
Front side - name, phone numbers, basic data - political,
personal, etc.
Reverse - complete record of contacts - phone, mail, personal
2. Staff pulls cards for today's calls - figure ratio of number
to time - stack in order of priority.
3. Note with each card suggested points for candidate to make.
4. Staff places calls - while candidate is on preceding one.
Chat if time available - get reading and make notes.
5. Hand card and notes to candidate before he takes call - for
quick pre-briefing.
6. Staff listen in on call - record any needed follow-up. Post
info on card - refile - toss out notes except follow-up.
7. Two staff. men needed to do this - one on current call, one on
next one.
NOTE: Use conference calls - i.e., all local chairmen set up by
regional man.