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This file contains:
Nixon's Statement about selecting his cabinet, with attached biographical sketches for each person. 44 pages. [Report], 12/9/1968
Haldeman handwritten notes re: California trip. Hard count on Cabinet Democrats. Age factor. 3 pages. [Other Document], 12/10/1968
Lawrence Eagleburger biographic sketch. 2 pages. [Report], n.d.
Memo from Franklin Lincoln to Mitchel re: Conflict of Interest form to be completed by all cabinet secretaries prior to announcing their assignment, with attached executive order 11222. 10 pages/ [Memo], 11/26/1968
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WHSF: Returned, 36-19
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WHSF: Returned, 36-19
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This file contains:
Nixon's Statement about selecting his cabinet, with attached biographical sketches for each person. 44 pages. [Report], 12/9/1968
Haldeman handwritten notes re: California trip. Hard count on Cabinet Democrats. Age factor. 3 pages. [Other Document], 12/10/1968
Lawrence Eagleburger biographic sketch. 2 pages. [Report], n.d.
Memo from Franklin Lincoln to Mitchel re: Conflict of Interest form to be completed by all cabinet secretaries prior to announcing their assignment, with attached executive order 11222. 10 pages/ [Memo], 11/26/1968
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Richard M. Nixon's Returned Materials Collection
Returned White House Special Files
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Richard Nixon Presidential Library
White House Special Files Collection
Folder List
Box Number
Folder Number
Document Date
Document Type
Document Description
36
19
12/09/1968
Report
Nixon's Statement about selecting his
cabinet, with attached biographical sketches
for each person. 44 pages.
36
19
12/10/1968
Other Document
Haldeman handwritten notes re: California
trip. Hard count on Cabinet Democrats. Age
factor. 3 pages.
36
19
n.d.
Report
Lawrence Eagleburger biographic sketch. 2
pages.
36
19
11/26/1968
Memo
Memo from Franklin Lincoln to Mitchel re:
Conflict of Interest form to be completed by
all cabinet secretaries prior to announcing
their assignment, with attached executive
order 11222. 10 pages/
Wednesday, June 17, 2009
Page 1 of 1
EMP ED TC = AN
ADMINISTRATIVE MARKING
Confidential fle
By RJP NARS, Date 4/6/87
E.O. 12356, Section 1.1
RN memo
December 9, 1968
RN:
CONSIDERATIONS IN SELECTING CABINET:
General Principles:
1) The primary test applied in selecting the members
of the Cabinet -- above the usual objective of trying to
achieve regional, racial and religious balance -- was that
of finding the best qualified individual for each post.
2) No campaign commitments whatever were made for
Cabinet or any other posts in the Administration. As a result,
RN had a completely free hand in making his selections.
3) Since RN had called for new policies in all areas
during the campaign, he decided that it would not be wise
no
to have any holdovers in Cabinet positions. This ruled out
Clifford in Defense and others like Dillon and McGeorge Bundy
who have played a major role in the previous administrations.
4) Because of the immensely heavy burden each Cabinet
officer will be carrying in the next four years, RN ruled
out several highly qualified men who simply would not be
able to stand the physical pressure. Bob Murphy would
be in this category. Incidentally, he along with others
in the over-sixty-five group generally rule themselves out
on the grounds of age.
- 2 -
5) Instead of narrow specialists, RN tried to fill
each post with broad general experience and interests.
POSTMASTER GENERAL
Red Blount brings to this vitally important and difficult
assignment probably the best business experience of any man
Pres.
who has held this post in this century. He is relatively young,
uscdc
has had an immensely successful business career, in which
1
he demonstrated outstanding abilities in management, and in
picking personnel, and is imaginative and creative in his
approach to the job. He is not just the usual political
appointee who was selected for this position. He is committed
to the objective of re-organizing the postal service and he
will receive RN's backing in working toward that goal.
INTERIOR
There were strong pressures for RN to appoint Rogers
Morton or John Saylor to that post. While he felt a particular
political obligation to Morton, he concluded that the post
should go to a Westerner in view of the fact that most of
the Department's activities concerned the Western states,
far more than the Eastern states. Several Western governors
were recommended for the post, as well as senators and congress-
men. The difficulty in most cases was that those recommended
had taken positions in the traditional fights within the
Department between private and public power advocates. and
- 3 -
the struggle between the states on water projects. Wally Hickel
is one of the few public officials who has not been involved
in any of these debates. He brings to the post relative
youth, great drive and imagination and a record of remarkable
success in business before he entered politics. I would doubt
if anyone who has been Secretary of the Interior in the past
thirty years can equal his record in this respect,
AGRICULTURE
During the campaign, RN said that he would appoint
a Secretary of Agriculture who would speak for the farmer,
rural America and agriculture to the President, rather than
the other way around. Some interpreted this as meaning that
only a farmer could meet this test. The difficulty, however,
is that virtually any farmer who has been successful enough
to be able to have the management capability to handle the
job was too closely tied to one of the major farm organiz-
ations -- the Farm Bureau, the Grange or the Farmers Union --
or was too specialized in wheat, cotton, corn, tobacco and
would, therefore, not provide the general outlook which this
post so urgently requires.
Cliff Harden Horton-has an educational background which
superbly qualifies him to be Secretary of Agriculture. A
graduate of Purdue, he taught in the field of agriculture
at Michigan State before going to Nebraska. He has not been
identified with any of the partisan groups on the farm issue
- 4 -
and will bring to the problem a fresh approach not tied
to any of the vested interests. He recognizes that it
will be his responsibility to speak for the farmer and
for rural America, but his contribution will not be limited
to the field of agriculture. As one of the nation's out-
standing educators, he will bring a very constructive
thought to bear on the problems of education and on our
foreign aid programs, particularly where they involve the
problem of combatting world hunger.
HUD
George Romney is ideally qualified to fill this
post since his experience as Governor brought him first-hand
knowledge of urban problems, not only in Michigan but in
other parts of the country. He has been an outstanding
administrator at the state level and will be able to bring
sound administrative practices to this new agency. In
addition, he will provide special leadership and trust for
the new Administration's programs in enlisting volunteer
groups in\task of meeting our urban and rural problems.
TRANSPORTATION
Governor Volpe is particularly qualified for this
position both because of his specialized background and his
broader general experience as Governor of a state with the
whole complex of modern transportation problems. As the
Director of Highway Programs in the Eisenhower Administration,
- 5 -
he is intimately familiar with the problems of administering
this phase of his Department's activities. In the field of
rail, air and urban transit, he has had a great deal of
experience as Governor of Massachusetts. And, like Governor
Romney, he also has a broad interest in urban problems gen-
erally that will make a significant contribution to our ob-
jective of finding new solutions for these problems.
HEW
Bob Finch will bring to this post youth, imagination, and
firsthand experience in dealing with these problems in the
nation's most popular state. This Agency, more than perhaps
Maynika
any of the other domestic agencies, needs new men and new ideas.
Bob Finch is deeply qualified to provide that kind of leadership.
LABOR
Dr. Gage Schultz has earned the respect of both
management and labor as one of the nation's outstanding mediators
of labor disputes. In the years immediately ahead when, because
of the strain of rising prices, there is likely to be increased
labor-management tension, he is an ideal man to have in this
position.
Again, like his colleagues, he has broad interest and
experience beyond his specialized field. In urban problems
and in the field of general economic policy, he can qualify as
an expert. He has had a brilliant record as an administrator
in serving as Dean of the Chicago School of Business Adminis-
- 6 -
Harden + Blout
tration. Like Finch, hardened and blunt, he is in the
younger age group.
COMMERCE
Maury Stans is qualified to be Secretary of Commerce
because of his years of success in business on the fastest track
in the world --- Wall Street. But, beyond that, he brings
to the Cabinet the vast experience he acquired as Director of
the Budget and his knowledge generally in the broad field of
economics. He also has a vital interest in urban affairs and
has some exciting ideas as to how the Commerce Department
can enlist the American business community even more in dealing
with these problems.
TREASURY
Dave Kennedy, at 63, is the oldest man in the Cabinet
but he brings vigor, imagination and drive to this assignment
as well as past experience. He has had an enormously success-
ful career in building Illinois' Continental Bank into one of
the world's largest financial institutions, and particularly
in extending its activities in the international field. He
is in the unique position of being an international banker from
the Midwest, respected by his colleagues in this country and
in the world. In checking him out, we found that not only his
major competitors among the New York banks rated him at the
top of the list, but that the European bankers as well have
- 7 ---
only the highest regard for him. It is interesting to note
that both Johnson and Kennedy had him on their list for
this position.
ATTORNEY GENERAL
John Mitchell is one of the nation's most successful
lawyers and, in addition, demonstrated during the past cam-
paign that he had remarkable talent in picking people and
directing a large organization. Everyone recognizes that
he was the strong man in the campaign team and its leader,
not because he was named as such but because he earned that
place due to his immense competence. He is dedicated to better
law enforcement and is keenly aware of the necessity to main-
tain the proper balance which will protect the rights of
those accused of crime. Like the other members of the Cabinet,
he will provide leadership far beyond the technical problems
of his department, particularly in the financial field where
he is one of the nation's recognized experts.
HALDEMAN
DEFENSE
almost
Mel Laird will be the youngest Defense Secretary in history,
but one who brings more practical expérience to this job than any of his prede-
cessors, with the exception of Marshall. For fourteen years he has been
on the Defense Subcommittee of the House Appropriations Committee.
He will be superb in working with Congress, handling problems that
arise with the press, and in arbitrating interservice rivalries. Even
more important, he is aware of the vital necessity to keep Defense ex-
penditures within budgetary limitations and will provide invaluable lead-
ership in this area. He will select as the Deputy Secretary of Defense
an outstanding business executive who will have the primary responsi-
bility for administering the Department.
Laird also will be of great assistance to the Cabinet in pro-
viding advice on dealing with the Congress generally in a number of
fields, particularly in the H. E. W. area, where he is also an expert.
Most important, RN believes he is the kind of man he would like to
have at the Cabinet table when difficult decisions are made by the Na-
tional Security Council in the field of foreign policy, where the Presi-
dent needs the very best advice he can get.
In choosing Laird, RN felt that a political man should be pre-
ferred over a businessman. A businessman in the Defense Department--
like McNamara and Wilson-would employ many fine management tech-
niques but might not be able to provide the insight and judgment so im-
portant in relating defense policies to foreign policies. There was
considerable pressure to keep Clark Clifford, but RN felt it would be
a mistake to go forward with one who helped to shape the policies
which RN has been criticizing. To those who would say that Laird
is not experienced enough, RN points out that Clifford had no experi-
ence whatever in this field before taking on the position, yet by most
accounts has done a credible job.
STATE
More recommendations were made for this position, of
course, than for any other, for reasons already publically issued.
Rockefeller and Scranton ruled themselves out. Dillon was strongly
supported, but RN did not want to go to a man with a previous adminis-
tration; also, RN felt that the party was against him. The age factor
also was adverse, and as indicated before, he took himself out SO there
was no possibility of doing it. Some suggested there was considerable
support for Vance, but RN felt that for this position he had to have his
own man, not one who is basically a Johnson man, even though he is
generally believed to be capable.
The most effective Secretaries of State usually have come
from the ranks of international lawyers. Most of those who might
have been considered were either used during the Johnson/Kennedy Ad-
ministrations, or, like Dewey, were too old in RN's view to undertake
this heavy responsibility now.
What RN wanted in the job was a young, vigorous man in
this period of negotiation to be counted upon to advocate the U. S.
position with skill and reat determination. The man who most
closely met this requi ement is Bill Rogers. He is one of the
most skilled negotiato in the nation; he ha had experience in
running a major depa ment of Government, and three years of
experience on the Nati al Security Council.
addition, he spent
a year with the U. N. and has handled other COM, icated problems
in the international field in his law practice. He was selected, how-
ever, not primarily because of his experience in foreign affairs, but
because he has the intellect, negotiating skill, and the judgment to
meet the Russian, Chinese and North Vietnamese, or any other po-
tential antagonist on an equal ground.
RN feels that Rogers, like Laird, will add an extra dimension
to the very important discussions which will take place in the National
Security Council during the next four years. In addition, he is an ex-
pert on handling the Congress and the press--problems which have
stumped most Secretaries of State in years past.
SUMMARY
While the primary consideration was not regional balance,
the total result comes out reasonably well in this respect. Mitchell
and Stans are from New York, Rogers is from Maryland, Volpe is
from Massachusetts, which gives four from the East; Romney is
from Michigan, Schultz and Kennedy from Illinois, Hardin from Nebraska,
and Laird from Wisconsin, which gives five from the Mid-West, and
Blount gives one from the South. Finch and Hickel represent the
West.
One difference in the selection of this Cabinet from the
Kennedy Cabinet is that RN named the Cabinet before making any
Sub-Cabinet appointments. That is why appointments to the U. N.
and Assistant Secretaries were not made until the Cabinet appoint-
ments were completed, which means that Sub-Cabinet appointees
will not be imposed on the members of the Cabinet, although they will,
of course, consult RN in making their selection.
The Cabinet has some unique characteristics in several
respects. It is long on brains. Rogers and Laird will have critics
in other fields, but both are recognized as brilliant men. Finch, Hardin,
Schultz, and Blount are also far above the average Cabinet officers
of the past in intellectual capacity.
The Cabinet is also long on youth. Rogers is the youngest
Secretary of State in this century and, as previously noted, Laird
is the youngest Secretary of Defense. Finally, three governors, one
attorney general, and one budget director have had experience with
government in general.
OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT-ELECT
Richard Nixon
450 Park Avenue
NEWS RELEASE
New York, N.Y. 10022
(212) 661-6400
Herbert G. Klein
Night: 758-7527
Ron Ziegler
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
Clifford M. Hardin
Chancellor, University of Nebraska
Secretary of Agriculture - Designee
Clifford M. Hardin, 53, chancellor of the University
of Nebraska since 1954, has been designated by President-Elect
Richard Nixon as secretary of the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Hardin has been chancellor since 1954, the 12th man
to hold the office since the founding of the University in 1869.
He came to the University of Nebraska from Michigan
State University, where he was dean of the School of Agriculture
and for four years served as director of the Agricultural
Experiment Station and its research programs.
Under Hardin's leadership the University of Nebraska
has experienced its greatest growth. Thirty-thousand students
enrolled in 1968, nearly four times the 1954 enrollment.
The University of Omaha became a part of the Univer-
sity of Nebraska in 1968 and has an enrollment of nearly 11,000
students.
-more-
-2-
In addition to significant expansion of the Univer-
sity's physical plants, Hardin's administration has established
a continuing education program and educational television.
A cooperative aid program to higher education in
Turkey led to the establishment of a new Ataturk University.
Hardin's administration also has provided technical assistance
for agriculture in Columbia and a Latin American and International
Studies Program has been inaugurated.
Hardin was president of the Association of State
Universities and Land Grant Colleges in 1960 and in 1961 was
chairman of the association's executive committee.
He is a member of the National Science Board, a
former director of the American Council on Education and a past
chairman of the Omaha branch of the Federal Reserve Bank of
Kansas City.
Hardin is a member of the executive committee of the
Council on Higher Education in the American Republics, a trustee
of the Rockefeller Foundation, a trustee of Bankers Life Insurance
Co. of Nebraska, former chairman of the Nebraska Council on
Economic Education and a director of Behlen Manufacturing Co. of
Columbus, Neb.
He was born Oct. 9, 1915, in Knightstown Ind., the
son of James A. and Mabel Macy Hardin.
-more-
-3-
Hardin was graduated from Purdue University in
1937, financing his education with a 4-H Club scholarship. He
received a master's degree from Purdue in 1939 and a Ph.D in
1941.
Hardin taught agricultural economics at the Univer-
sity of Wisconsin 1941-44. He was chairman of the agricultural
economics department at Michigan State University before becom-
ing dean.
He is a member of Sigma Xi, national honorary
science scholastic society and was awarded honorary degrees by
National University of Columbia, Purdue and Creighton University.
Hardin is married to the former Martha Love Wood.
The couple have five children.
-30-
OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT-ELECT
Richard Nixon
NEWS RELEASE
450 Park Avenue
New York, N.Y. 10022
Herbert G. Klein
(212) 661-6400
Ron Ziegler
Night: 758-7527
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
George W. Romney
Governor of Michigan
Secretary of Housing and Urban Development - Designee
Gov. George W. Romney, 61, now serving his third
consecutive term as Michigan's chief executive and former chair-
man and president of American Motors Corp., has been designated
by President-Elect Richard Nixon as secretary of the U.S.
Department of Housing and Urban Development.
Romney won re-election to a third term in 1966
by a 527,000 vote plurality, the largest margin of victory in
the state's modern political history. Romney was first elected
governor in 1962.
He was born in Chihuahua, Mexico on July 8, 1907,
the son of Gaskell and Anna Amelia Pratt Romney.
Romney grew up in Idaho and Utah. He was educated
at the University of Utah and George Washington University.
Romney led a successful campaign for adoption of
a new State Constitution after taking office as governor, con-
cluding a battle he had waged as a private citizen since 1959.
-more-
-2-
During Romney's administrations, economic investment
in Michigan has hit record levels, education and mental health
programs have advanced rapidly with unparalleled state financial
assistance, equal rights for all citizens have become a Constitu-
tional guarantee, economy and efficiency in government have been
realized and juvenile delinquency has been tackled with new and
improved methods.
The Romney Administration also has been active in
developing programs to deal with mounting problems of law
enforcement, public health, traffic safety, transportation, urban
blight and the protection of Michigan's natural resources.
Organizations Gov. Romney has belonged to and been
a leader in include the Detroit Tomorrow Committee, the United
Foundation, United Negro College Fund, Detroit Round Table of
Christians and Jews, Boy Scouts of America and Project Hope.
He has received many awards and citations from
business, religious, educational, charitable and civic organiza-
tions including the man of the year in industry award from the
Associated Press for four consecutive years, 1958-61; man of the
year award from the National Management Association, the American
democratic living award from B'nai B'rith, the Edward Lamb
management award from Columbia University and the Charles Evans
Hughes award for courageous leadership in governmental service,
presented by the National Conference of Christians and Jews.
-more-
-3-
Gov. Romney has received honorary degrees from
Wayne State University, Brigham Young University, University
of Utah, George Washington University and Arizona University.
He was named an honorary fellow of Israel's Bar-Ilan University
in 1965.
Romaey and his wife, Lenore LaFount, were married
July 2, 1931. They have four children, Scott, a law student at
Harvard University; Willard Mitt, a Latter Day Saints missionary
in France; Lynn (Mrs. Loren Keenan) of Bloomfield Hills, Mich.;
and Jane (Mrs. Bruce Robinson) of Sacramento, Calif. The
Romney's have 12 grandchildren.
-30-
OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT-ELECT
Richard Nixon
450 Park Avenue
NEWS RELEASE
New York, N.Y. 10022
Herbert G. Klein
(212) 661-6400
Ron Ziegler
Night: 758-7527
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
David M. Kennedy
Board Chairman, Continental Illinois National Bank and Trust Co.
Secretary of the Treasury - Designee
David M. Kennedy, 63, chairman of the board of
directors and former president of the Continental Illinois
National Bank and Trust Co. of Chicago, has been designated by
President-Elect Richard Nixon as secretary of the U.S. Treasury
Department.
Kennedy, who served as a special assistant to the
secretary of the treasury in 1953-54 during the Eisenhower
Administration, was appointed in 1967 by President Johnson to
the Committee on Budget Concepts and served as committee chairman.
He is a trustee of the University of Chicago, George
Washington University and the Brookings Institution, and is
executive committee chairman of the Development Council of
Brigham Young University.
Kennedy also is a member of the Citizens Committee
of the University of Illinois and the Board of Associates of
DePaul University.
-more-
-2-
He was born in Randolph, Utah, July 21, 1905, the
son of George and Katherine Johnson Kennedy.
Kennedy was graduated from Weber College at Ogden,
Utah, in 1928, received a master's degree from George Washington
University in 1935 and a law degree in 1937 and was graduated
from the School of Banking at Rutgers University in 1939.
He was on the staff of the board of governors of
the Federal Reserve System from 1930 to 1946, serving as a
technical assistant in the division of bank operations, economist
in the division of research and statistics, assistant chief of
the government securities section and special assistant to the
chairman of the board.
Kennedy joined the Continental Illinois Bank and
Trust Co. in 1946 as a member of the bond department. He was
elected a second vice president in 1948 and vice president in
1951.
On returning to the bank after serving as a special
assistant to the secretary of the treasury, Kennedy became head
of the bond department.
Kennedy was elected a bank director and president
in 1956. He became board chairman and chief executive officer
in 1959.
Active in cultural and civic activities, Kennedy
is executive board chairman of the Committee for Economic and
Cultural Development of Chicago and is a director of the Chicago
Central Area Committee.
-more-
-3-
Kennedy is a member of the Federal Advisory Council
of the Federal Reserve System, a trustee of the Committee for
Economic Development and has served on the National Advisory
Committee on Government Practice and Policies and the business
subcommittee on the National Advisory Committee on Regional
Economic Development.
He is a director of Abbott Laboratories, ADELA
Investment Co., S.A., Commonwealth Edison Co., Communications
Satellite Corp., the Pullman Co., Swift and Co., Equitable of
Iowa, U.S. Gypsum Co., and International Harvester Co.
For 10 years Kennedy was chairman of the government
borrowing committee of the American Bankers Association, a group
which advises the secretary of the treasury on financing matters.
He is chairman of the Chicago Clearing House
Association, is a member of the American Bankers Association,
the Association of Reserve City Banks and a trustee of the
Endowment Fund of the Chicago chapter of the American Institute
of Banking.
Kennedy is a member of the Church of Jesus Christ
of Latter Day Saints.
He is a life member of the Illinois St. Andrews
Society and a member of the Union League of Chicago, University
Club, Old Elm Club, Glenview Club, Chicago Club, Attic Club,
Mid-America Club, Executive Club, Commercial Club. Bankers and
Economic Club.
-30-
OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT-ELECT
Richard Nixon
NEWS RELEASE
450 Park Avenue
New York, N.Y. 10022
Herbert G. Klein
(212) 661-6400
Ron Ziegler
Night: 758-7527
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
William P. Rogers
Former U.S. Attorney General
Secretary of State - Designee
William P. Rogers of Bethesda, Md. and New York,
attorney general during the Eisenhower Administration and a
former member of the U.S. delegation to the General Assembly of
the United Nations, has been designated by President-Elect
Richard Nixon secretary of the U.S. Department of State.
Rogers was appointed deputy attorney general by
President Eisenhower in 1953 and became attorney general in 1957.
In September 1965 he was appointed by President
Johnson as a member of the U.S. delegation to the 20th General
Assembly of the United Nations and served as the U.S. represen-
tative on the committee dealing with international law.
Rogers was born June 23, 1913, in Norfolk, N.Y., the
son of Harrison Alexander and Myra Beswick Rogers.
He was graduated from Carlton High School in Conton,
New York, received a bachelor's degree in 1934 after attending
Colgate University on income from a trust scholarship, which he
supplemented with money earned at odd jobs.
-more-
-2-
Rogers was graduated from Cornell University Law
School in 1937 and was editor of the "Law Quarterly". He met
his wife-to-be, Adele Langston, at law school and they were
married June 27, 1936.
Rogers accepted a position in 1937 with the New York
law firm of Cadwalder, Wickersham and Taft. In 1938 he was
appointed an assistant district attorney of New York by Thomas E.
Dewey.
In his four years as an assistant to Dewey, Rogers
spent the majority of his time in the trial of cases.
Rogers joined the Navy in 1942 and served as an
administrative officer on the aircraft carrier USS Intrepid.
The carrier took part in the air attacks on Japan and the in-
vasion of Okinawa.
He was separated from the Navy in 1946 as a lieutenant
commander and returned to the district attorney's office, then
headed by Frank S. Hogan.
In April 1947 Rogers left the district attorney's
office to accept appointment as counsel to the Senate Special
Committee to Investigate National Defense Programs.
Rogers served as chief counsel 1948-50 for the
Senate Investigations Subcommittee on Executive Expenditures.
In March 1950 he resigned to join the Washington
office of Dwight, Harris, Royall, Koegel, & Caskey.
Since 1961 Rogers has been a senior partner of
Royall, Koegel, Rogers and Wells which also has offices in New
York and Paris.
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-3-
While serving as deputy attorney general, Rogers
helped to successfully negotiate with House and Senate leaders
on legislation that emerged as the Civil Rights Act of 1957, the
first civil rights law enacted since the Civil War.
As attorney general, Rogers organized the Civil Rights
Division in the Justice Department and directed the federal
government's participation in school desegregation cases stemming
from the U.S. Supreme Court decision of 1954.
Rogers was nominated in 1965 and 1966 to serve on
both the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administra-
tion of Justice and the District of Columbia Crime Commission.
In 1967 Rogers held the personal rank of ambassador
after nomination by President Johnson as U.S. representative to
the United Nations to serve on a 14-nation ad hoc committee
charged with leading South-West Africa to independence.
Rogers has been awarded honorary degrees from
Duquesne University, Loyola University, Columbia University,
St. Lawrence University, Washington and Jefferson College,
Middlebury College, Clarkson College and Colgate University.
He and Mrs. Rogers have four children, Mrs. Donald
J. Marshall, Manhattan Beach, Calif.; Anthony W. Rogers,
Arlington, Va.; Jeffrey L. Rogers, serving in Vietnam with the
Navy on the USS Repose; and Douglas L. Rogers of Yale Law
School.
Since 1950 the Rogers have resided at 7007 Glenbrook
Road, Bethesda. They also have an apartment at the UN Plaza in
New York.
-30-
OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT-ELECT
Richard Nixon
NEWS RELEASE
450 Park Avenue
New York, N.Y. 10022
Herbert G. Klein
(212) 661-6400
Ron Ziegler
Night: 758-7527
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
Melvin R. Laird
U.S. Representative, Wisconsin
Secretary of Defense - Designee
U. S. Rep. Melvin R. Laird, 46, an eight-term congress.
man from Wisconsin's 7th District and senior Republican member
of the House Appropriations Subcommittee on Labor, Health,
Education and Welfare, has been designated by President-Elect
Richard Nixon as secretary of the U.S. Department of Defense.
Laird also is a high-ranking member of the Defense
Subcommittee. One of Laird's most significant contributions to
national security was sponsoring an amendment increasing the
funding for the Polaris Submarine Program that enabled the U.S.
to accelerate construction of Polaris missile submarines.
Laird has won recognition as a national leader, cur-
rently serving as chairman of the House Republican Conference,
the highest policy-making body of Republican congressmen, which
presides over all organizational decisions and leadership appoint
ments or elections.
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He has played a significant role in Republican Party
policymaking, having served as chairman of a National Platform
Subcommittee as far back as the 1952 convention. Laird was vice
chairman of the full committee in 1960 and chairman in 1964.
Laird has played a key role since 1964 on the Republi-
can Coordinating Committee, the party's highest policymaking
body, created in 1964 to help reestablish party unity. Its mem-
bership includes all living former Presidential nominees, the
Joint House-Senate Republican leadership, as well as representa-
tives of the Republican Governors Association, the Republican
National Committee and state legislators.
The popularity of Laird with his constituents was
attested Nov. 5 when he won reelection by receiving 64 per cent
of the vote in his congressional district.
Laird was born Sept. 1, 1922 in Omaha, Neb., the son
of Melvin R. and Helen Connor Laird. He started a career in
politics at age 23 by winning election to succeed his father in
the Wisconsin State Senate.
He served in the Senate from 1946 to 1952. The
"Laird Report" on the Wisconsin tax structure, issued when Laird
was chairman of the Legislative Council's Committee on Taxation,
is regarded as a "student's textbook" on the state's tax system.
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An author and editor of books dealing with major
foreign and domestic policy issues, Laird's latest book is
"Republican Papers,' a compilation of 29 papers by distinguished
academics and members of congress on the major domestic problems
facing the nation.
He authored in 1962 "A House Divided: America's
Strategy Gap" and edited "The Conservative Papers," published
in 1964.
Laird has been the recipient of many honors, including
the 15th Annual Albert Lakser Medical Research Award given in
recognition of his efforts to promote medical research.
He also is the recipient of the distinguished service
award of the American Political Science Association which cited
him as "a forthright and persistent advocate whose intellectual
courage and ability have consistently enlightened and enlivened
public discussion of the important issues facing the nation."
Laird's family moved from Nebraska to Wisconsin when
he was one-year-old. He makes his home in Marshfield, was
educated in local public schools and was graduated from Carleton
College in Northfield, Minn.
A World War II Navy veteran, Laird served as an
enlisted man for two years before winning a commission. He
served on the destroyer USS Maddox in the Pacific and was
awarded the Purple Heart.
Laird is married to the former Barbara Masters. They
have three children, John Osborne, 20, Alison, 17, and David
Malcolm, 14.
-30-
OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT-ELECT
Richard Nixon
NEWS RELEASE
450 Park Avenue
New York, N.Y. 10022
Herbert G. Klein
(212) 661-6400
Ron Ziegler
Night: 758-7527
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
Walter J. Hickel
Governor of Alaska
Secretary of the Interior - Designee
Gov. Walter J. Hickel, 49, Alaska's first Republican
governor and the second chief executive since statehood, has
been designated by President-Elect Richard Nixon as secretary
of the U.S. Department of the Interior.
One of Alaska's most successful businessmen and
builders before winning election as governor in 1966, Hickel is
an advocate of developing the nation's oceanic and polar resources.
He was born in Claflin, Kan. on Aug. 18, 1919, the
son of Robert A. and Emma Zecha Hickel.
Hickel arrived almost penniless in Alaska from
California at age 21 in 1940. Twenty-six years later Hickel's
successful business interests were so extensive that he volun-
tarily placed his holdings in trusteeship to devote full time
as governor.
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Hickel is a life-long Republican and was Republican
National Committeeman from Alaska for 10 years before winning
election as governor.
He started his building career constructing homes in
1946 and subsequently developed the Anchorage residential area
"Tunagain by the Sea," Northern Lights Shopping Center and other
major real estate investments.
In 1952 Hickel opened the Travelers Inn of Anchorage,
built a Travelers Inn at Fairbanks in 1955 and in 1964 demonstra-
ted his faith in Alaska's ability to recover from the disastrous
earthquake that year by building the architectural prize-winning
Captain Cook Hotel in Anchorage.
Hickel is a former chairman of the Alaska Chamber of
Commerce Economic Development Committee, a former chairman of the
Anchorage Natural Gas Co., a trustee of Alaska Methodist Univer-
sity and a director of Trans-America Title Co.
His childhood was spent on a farm in Kansas. Hickel
participated in high school football, track and boxing. In
1938 he won the Kansas Golden Gloves welterweight championship.
Demonstrating a flair for entrepreneurship at an early
age, Hickel bought a Claflin insurance business at age 19 and sold
the business a year later before moving to California.
He had planned to travel to Australia, but foreign
travel laws required Hickel to wait until age 21 to secure a
passport and visa in his OWn right. He was a construction
worker during the interim.
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Impatient at delay in securing necessary travel papers
after reaching age 21, Hickel started working his way up the
Pacific Coast to Alaska, arriving at Seward in October 1940.
Hickel's first employment in Alaska was dishwashing
in Anchorage. Then he worked with the Alaska Railroad, followed
by jobs as a bartender, carpenter and civilian inspector for the
U.S. Air Force.
He married Janice Cannon in 1941 and they had one son,
Theodore. His wife died in 1943 after a brief illness.
Hickel married Ermalee Strutz in 1945. She is the
daughter of pioneer Alaskans, Mr. and Mrs. Louis P. Strutz of
Anchorage.. The Hickels are the parents of five boys, Robert,
Walter, Jr., Jack, Joe and Karl.
-30-
OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT-ELECT
Richard Nixon
NEWS RELEASE
450 Park Avenue
New York, N.Y. 10022
Herbert G. Klein
(212) 661-6400
Ron Ziegler
Night: 758-7527
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
Maurice H. Stans
Chairman, National Republican Finance Committee
Secretary of Commerce - Designee
Maurice H. Stans, 60, New York investment banker and
budget director during the Eisenhower Administration, has been
designated by President-Elect Richard Nixon as secretary of the
U.S. Department of Commerce.
During the 1968 Presidential campaign Stans headed the
successful Nixon-Agnew fund-raising program as chairman of the
National Republican Finance Committee.
Stans was director of the Bureau of the Budget 1958-60,
after serving as deputy director 1957-60.
He helped effect a reorganization of financial and
operating practices of the U.S. Post Office Department as a con-
sultant to the postmaster general in 1953-55. Stans was deputy
postmaster general 1955-57.
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Stans organized the fund-raising campaign for the
Nixon-Agnew ticket in 1968 setting new records for contributions
while raising more than $20 million.
In excess of $5 million was raised for the campaign
through 23 simultaneous $1,000 per plate dinners and about 300,000
individual contributions were received. Both achievements were
political fund-raising records.
Stans took a leave of absence as president of Glore
Forgan, William R. Staats, Inc. to raise funds for Nixon.
He headed Nixon's 1968 pre-convention funds drive and
in 1962 was fund-raising chairman for Nixon's gubernatorial cam-
paign.
A native of Shakopee, Minn., Stans was born March
22, 1908, the son of J. Hubert and Mathilda Nyssen Stans.
He was educated at Northwestern and Columbia Universities
and was awarded honorary doctorate degrees from Northwestern,
Illinois Wesleyan University, DePaul University and Parsons College.
Stans' business career started in 1928 when he joined
the Chicago C.P.A. firm of Alexander Grant & Co. He was executive
partner from 1940 to 1955.
Stans was president of Western Bancorporation of Los
Angeles 1961-62 and vice chairman during this period of United
California Bank, Los Angeles.
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He was a senior partner 1963-64 and president 1964-65
of William R. Staats & Co., investment bankers, becoming president
in 1965 of Glore Forgan, William R. Staats, Inc. of New York.
A certified public accountant, Stans received the
American Accounting Association annual award in 1952, the American
Institute of Certified Public Accountants annual award in 1954, the
Tax Foundation award for distinguished public service in 1959 and in
1961 the Great Living American Award of the U.S. Chamber of Com-
merce.
An avid conservationist, Stans is the sponsor and major
contributor for Stans African Hall, a museum in Rock Hill, N.C. to
which he has given animals taken on his numerous African safaris.
He is an honorary member of the East African Professional
Hunters Association, a member of the Shikar-Safari Club, the
African Safari Club, the Explorers Club and the Adventurers Club.
Other clubs and professional memberships include the
American Society of Public Administrators, Federal Government
Accountants Association, Economic Club of Chicago, Union League
of Chicago, California Club of Los Angeles and Recess Club of New
York.
Stans and his wife, the former Kathleen Carmody, make
their home in New York at 785 Fifth Ave. They have four children,
Steven, Maureen, Terrel and Theodore.
-30-
OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT-ELECT
Richard Nixon
NEWS RELEASE
450 Park Avenue
New York, N.Y. 10022
Herbert G. Klein
(212) 661-6400
Ron Ziegler
Night: 758-7527
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
John N. Mitchell
Senior Partner -- Nixon, Mudge, Rose, Guthrie, Alexander & Mitchell
Attorney General - Designee
John N. Mitchell, 55, one of the nation's leading
experts on the law of state and municipal governments, has been
designated by President-Elect Richard M. Nixon as attorney
general in the U.S. Department of Justice.
Born in Detroit, Mich. Sept. 5, 1913, Mitchell has
spent most of his life in New York and was graduated from
Fordham University and Fordham Law School.
He is a senior partner of the law firm of Nixon,
Mudge, Rose, Guthrie, Alexander & Mitchell.
Mitchell is a former president of the Municipal Forum
of New York and past president of the Municipal Bond Club of New
York. He has lectured extensively at various universities and
the Municipal Bond Club School on the subject of his expertise.
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He managed Richard Nixon's campaign for the Presidency.
It was his first national campaign, but Mitchell's long experience
working with state and municipal political bodies proved to be
good training for the national political scene.
During World War II he served as a Navy commander of
motor torpedo boats in the Pacific.
Mitchell is married to the former Martha Beall. He
has two daughters, Jill, 25, and Martha, 7. A son, John Jr.,
27, who is an attorney with Bache & Co., is the father of
Mitchell's two grandsons.
-30-
OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT-ELECT
Richard Nixon
NEWS RELEASE
450 Park Avenue
New York, N.Y. 10022
Herbert G. Klein
(212) 661-6400
Ron Ziegler
Night: 758-7527
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
Winton M. Blount
President, Chamber of Commerce of the United States
Postmaster General - Designee
Winton M. Blount, 47, of Montgomery, Ala., president
of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States, has been
designated by President-Elect Richard Nixon as postmaster general
for the U.S. Post Office Department.
Blount was born Feb. 1, 1921, in Union Springs, Ala.,
the son of Winton and Clara Belle Chalker Blount.
He was educated in Union Springs public schools,
Staunton Military Academy and the University of Alabama. Blount
served in the Army Air Corps during World War II.
A successful businessman, Blount in 1946 founded
Blount Brothers Corp., general contractors in Montgomery. He is
president and chairman of the board and also is chairman of the
board of Benjamin F. Shaw Co., piping contractors.
Blount was selected as one of the four outstanding
young men of Alabama in 1956. In 1961 he was named Man of the
Year in Montgomery.
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He was cited by the mayor of Montgomery in 1966 for
distinguished service to the city and was awarded an honorary
doctor of humane letters degree from Judson College in 1947.
Blount is a director of Gulf-American Fire and
Casualty Co., Central Georgia Railway Co., the First National
Bank of Montgomery, Kershaw Manufacturing Co., and Jackson-
Atlantic, Inc.
In addition, Blount now holds or has held the follow-
ing offices: Southern States Industrial Council, Nashville,
director; Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, trustee;
National Associated General Contractors of America Legislative
Committee, member; United Appeal of Montgomery, director; and
National Association of Manufacturers, director, 1962-67.
Also, National Industrial Conference Board, member;
Young Presidents' Organization, former national treasurer and
past chairman of the executive committee; National Council on
Crime and Delinquency, National Emergency Committee, member;
University of Alabama, trustee; and Alabama Chamber of Commerce,
president 1962-64.
And, Alabama Road Builders' Association, past presi-
dent; Montgomery YMCA, director; Rotary Club of Montgomery, past
vice president and director; and Trinity Presbyterian Church of
Montgomery, deacon.
Blount is married to the former Katherine Archibald.
They have five children, Winton M. III, 24, Thomas A., 23,
S. Roberts, 21, Katherine, 16, and Joseph W., 12.
-30-
OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT-ELECT
Richard Nixon
NEWS RELEASE
450 Park Avenue
New York, N.Y. 10022
Herbert G. Klein
(212) 661-6400
Ron Ziegler
Night: 758-7527
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
Robert H. Finch
Lieutenant Governor, California
Secretary of Health, Education and Welfare - Designee
Lt. Gov. Robert H. Finch of California, who in 1966 won
election by the largest vote of any statewide candidate, has been
designated by President-Elect Richard Nixon as secretary of the
Department of Health, Education and Welfare.
Finch is a long-time personal friend and political
confidante of Nixon and played a key advisory role in the 1968
Nixon-Agnew campaign.
He was campaign director for Nixon's 1960 Presidential
race and has been associated with him since he first ran for
congress in 1946. Finch was Vice President Nixon's administrative
assistant 1958-60.
As lieutenant governor Finch has won recognition for
leadership in coordinating a massive job training program with the
needs of private industry in his capacity as chairman of the
California Job Training and Placement Council.
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The program encompasses matching employment opportunities
with the skills being taught to job trainees.
In addition, Finch served on the Republican Coordinating
Committee Task Force on Job Opportunities. The task force had
the assignment of making studies and recommendations in the broad
area of job opportunities and welfare programs.
Born in Tempe, Ariz. Oct. 9, 1925, the son of Robert
L. and Gladys Hutchison Finch, he has resided in California
since 1933.
Finch, an eagle scout, was graduated from Inglewood
High School, received an A.B. degree in political science from
Occidental College in 1947 and was graduated from the University
of Southern California Law School in 1951. He also holds an
honorary doctor's degree from Occidental.
In 1943 Finch enlisted in the U.S. Marines at age 19
and was discharged as a sargeant in 1945. He was recalled in
1951 during the Korean War and was discharged as a first lieu-
tenant.
Following the Korean War, Finch established a law prac-
tice and he is a former senior partner in the firm of Finch, Bell,
Duitsman & Marguilis.
A powerful figure in California Republican Party circles
for more than a decade, Finch is a former chairman of the Los
Angeles Republican Central Committee and the executive committee
of the Republican Associates. In 1964 he managed George Murphy's
successful campaign for the U.S. Senate.
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Finch is a regent of the University of California, a
trustee of the California State Colleges and a trustee of
Occidental College. He is a former faculty member at Palos
Verdes College and Marymount College.
He also is chairman of the Commission of Californias,
an international body dedicated to the economic, technical and
cultural development of the Mexican state of Baja California
and California, U.S.A.
Finch is chairman of the California Bicentennial Com-
mission which is charged with making arrangements for the 1969
observance of the state's bicentennial, and chairman of the
California Interagency Council for Ocean Resources.
Active in community affairs, Finch is a former director
of the Centinella Valley YMCA, served in 1967 on the Statewide
Committee of YMCA Youth Government, was a Little League manager
1962-65 and is a former member of the Los Angeles District
Attorney's Advisory Committee.
Finch is a member of Legion Lex, Kappa Sigma, Phi Alpha
Delta, the California Club, Los Angeles Athletic Club, Common-
wealth Club, Jonathan Club and Town Hall.
He is married to the former Carol Crothers. They have
four children, Maureen, 18, Kevin, 15, Priscilla, 13, and
Cathleen, 11. The Finchs reside at 336 Flintridge Oaks Drive,
Pasadena.
-30-
OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT-ELECT
Richard Nixon
450 Park Avenue
NEWS RELEASE
New York, N.Y. 10022
(212) 661-6400
Herbert G. Klein
Night: 758-7527
Ron Ziegler
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
George P. Shultz
Dean and Professor, University of Chicago Graduate School of Business
Secretary of Labor - Designee
Dean George P. Shultz of the University of Chicago
Graduate School of Business has been designated by President-
Elect Richard Nixon as secretary of the U. S. Department of
Labor.
Shultz currently is in residence for one year on a
fellowship at the Center for Advanced Studies in the Behavorial
Sciences at Stanford University.
Born in New York Dec. 13, 1920, the son of Birl E.
and Margaret Lennox Pratt Shultz, he received a B.A. in economics
from Princeton in 1942 and earned a Ph.D. in economics from
Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1942.
Shultz enlisted in the Marine Corps in World War II,
served in the Pacific and was discharged with the rank of major.
Before joining the faculty at the University of
Chicago in 1957, Shultz resided in Massachusetts and was a
selectman in Stowe, 1953-55.
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Shultz was a faculty member at MIT from 1946-57, but
interrupted his teaching to take a leave of absence in 1955-56
to serve as senior staff economist for the Council on Economic
Activities.
He is president of the Industrial Relations Research
Association and is a director of Borg Warner Corp., General
American Transportation Corp. and Stein, Roe & Farnham (Stock
Fund and Balance Fund).
Shultz is co-chairman with Clark Kerr of the Auto-
mation Fund Commission, Armour & Co. and the Amalgamated Meat
Packers and Butchers Union.
He is married to the former Helena M. O'Brien, who
joined the Army in 1941 after completing nursing training in
Nashua, N.H. They met in Hawaii during the war.
The Shultzs have five children, Margaret Ann,
Kathleen Pratt, Peter Milton, Barbara Lennox and Alexander
George. The family resides at 5731 S. Blackstone, Chicago.
-30-
OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT-ELECT
Richard Nixon
NEWS RELEASE
450 Park Avenue
New York, N.Y. 10022
Herbert G. Klein
(212) 661-6400
Ron Ziegler
Night: 758-7527
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH
John A. Volpe
Governor, Commonwealth of Massachusetts
Secretary of Transportation - Designee
Gov. John A. Volpe of Massachusetts, named by President
Eisenhower as the nation's first federal highway administrator in
1956 and a successful builder in private life, has been designated
by President-Elect Richard Nixon as secretary of the U.S. Depart-
ment of Transportation.
During the 1968 Presidential campaign Volpe travelled
extensively in behalf of the Republican ticket as a Surrogate
Speaker and as chairman of the Nixon-Agnew Nationalities Committee.
He also was a member of the Key Issues Committee.
Volpe is the immediate past chailman of tiee National
Governors Conference.
In 1966 Volpe became the first governor elected to a
four-year term in Massachusetts, winning reelection by a margin of
more than 500,000 votes. He had served as governor 1961-62 and
again 1965-66.
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Volpe was born in Wakefield, Mass. Dec. 8, 1908, the
son of Italian immigrant parents, Vito and Filomena Benedetto
Volpe.
On graduation from high school Volpe became a hod
carrier and ultimately a journeyman plasterer. He studied nights
at Wentworth Institute in Boston and was graduated in 1930 after
two years of full-time study with a major in architectural
engineering.
In 1933 Volpe founded the John A. Volpe Construction
Co. in Malden, Mass., with capital consisting of $300 acquired by
surrendering a life insurance policy and a $200 loan.
The construction company prospered, but Volpe closed the
firm to join the Seabees during World War II. He was discharged
as a lieutenant commander and the construction firm became national
in scope in the immediate post war period.
Volpe became active in Massachusetts Republican politics
as a businessman concerned with the state's problems in the post
war years and he served as deputy Republican state chairman in
1950-53.
In 1953 the late Gov. Christian Herter appointed Volpe
commissioner of the Massachusetts Department of Public Works.
President Eisenhower acknowledged Volpe's talents as
an administrator and builder by naming him federal highway
administrator with responsibility in 1956-57 for launching the
nationwide $40 billion interstate highway construction program.
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In his years as governor Volpe won recognition for fis-
cal responsibility in government, staking his successful 1964
campaign on the necessity of enacting limited sales tax and follow-
ing through his pledge with a successful year-long battle against
commanding Democratic legislative majorities in both houses.
Volpe's administration also has been marked by
accomplishments in streamlining government and in fighting cor-
ruption in government, as well as advances in civil rights, con-
sumer protection, preservation of natural resources, economic
development, public health, mental health and education.
He is the recipient of 17 honorary degrees, including
honors from Boston University, Suffolk University, St. Michael's
College, Brandeis University and Northeastern University.
Volpe has been active on state and national levels in
the Sons of Italy. He also is a Knight of Malta and a Knight of
Sepulcher.
In 1960 Volpe was national president of the Associated
General Contractors of America. He is a past president of the
Society of American Military Engineers and a former president of
the Greater Boston Chamber of Commerce.
Married to the former Jennie Benedetto, the Volpes moved
recently to Boston after resideing in Winchester for many years.
They have two children, Jean (Mrs. Roger H. Rotondi) and John A.
Volpe and four grandchildren.
-30-
RN
12/10
c/- Calif trip - physical exam - file Lungren
2-3hrb.
I plan something for the evening f the 1st
use productively
- Bill Carey - Under See for F?
- Rita Hauser - -Cound -
? Deo Champion for Ex Dm Bank?
John Burns- - said Champion complaining
+ Pete Fe
Stans- RN feels someone shld have dennin at Like
maybet Champion give dinner for Kennedy
for finance Comm. top people
M-hastobrase Cliff Folger -
- Spitzer le agric See-
& shld prof be aset secy.
Stans -did Cheathains money go back?
C murphy lunch- Lippnian Finathaure
of Bill Rogers.
2
- hard count on Cab. Dems.
researches- - Cus. age of Eis. then (abs
build case for comparate ages
#of years in govt fn each.
Harlow tell Sens, etc M fam -
if they want Relaily ? as Under
nows the time.
Bill Rogers- Val Peterson. - good Under Sec.
or and to Scandin
- Bn Hill - asst. sec. - not Lat. am.
- Schmidt from mellon in Pitts.
get Clevelands job in NATO
Under sec def- Scranton
T. morton -not drinking
Fl- ash mossbached re protocol
Se officer
ck Tom Huston he (dea for 2ndman in CIA
also Cushman + Hughs
RN -pay respects - 5:30
WPN+ TN
LAWRENCE S. EAGLEBURGER
File
BIOGRAPHIC SKETCH
1. Born: Milwaukee, Wisconsin
August 1, 1930
2. Graduate University of Wisconsin (B.S.)
1952
3. U.S. Army (Second Lt.; First Lt.)
1952-54
4. Masters degree (political science)
University of Wisconsin
1957
5. Entered the Foreign Service as FSO-8
February 1957
a. Third Secretary (economic officer )
American Embassy, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
1957-1959
(Promoted to FSO-7 and then FS0-6 while
in Tegucigalpa)
b. Department of State,
Bureau of Intelligence Research (Cuban Political
Analyst)
1959-1961
C. Serbo-Croatian language training
1961-1962
d. Second Secretary (economic officer)
American Embassy, Belgrade, Yugoslavia
1962-1965
(Promoted to FSO-5 and then FSO-4 while in Belgrade)
e. Department of State
Executive Secretariat
1965-1966
-2-
f. Special Assistant to Mr. Dean Acheson,
when he was here to advise the Secretary
and the President on the France-NATO crisis
(March 1966-July 1966)
g. Member National Security Council Staff
1966-1967
(Working on European affairs)
h. Special Assistant to the Under Secretary of State
1967 to present date
(Promoted to FSO-3 in 1968*)
*
Present salary level - GS-15 ($19,780)
MEMORANDUM
November 26, file 1968
TO:
Mr. John N. Mitchell
FROM:
Franklin B. Lincoln, Jr.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
Attached is a memorandum covering Executive
Order 11222 dealing with Conflict of Interest.
Each Department and Agency has its own form and
the Order provides that within 30 days after entering upon
his duties, each government employee must file such a form
with the Chairman of the Civil Service Commission.
In order to avoid later embarrassment to the
appointee and the President-elect, it is suggested that
before an appointment is made public, the appointee be
requested to fill out the appropriate form which, if
appointed, he will subsequently be required to file after
entering upon his duties.
This will immediately determine whether the
appointee objects to filling out such a form or whether
he objects to disposing of certain financial interest
which may be held to constitute a conflict.
Conflict of Interest
2.
November 26, 1968
If the appointee is willing to file such a form
but a conflict appears, he can then decide if he is willing
to take action to resolve the conflict.
Having made this determination, the President-elect
is free to proceed with the appointment assuming, of course,
a favorable security check.
We have made arrangements with the Counsel to the
Civil Service Commission to give us the benefit of his legal
opinions on clearing such conflicts prior to January 20th
without revealing the Department or the name of the appointee.
Bill Harman and I would be willing to act as such a
clearing house. If not, some one should be designated to
carry on this function for the President-elect.
Franklin B. hincolng.
November 17, 1968
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
Executive Order No. 11222
On May 8, 1965, President Johnson signed
Executive Order No. 11222 which codified the standards
of ethical conduct for Executive Branch personnel. The
Order, in effect, required all officials appointed by
the President and reporting directly to him and certain
other Federal officials and employees to sign statements
of their financial interests. It also imposes strict
requirements on the acceptance of gifts, entertainment,
and favors by Executive Branch personnel. The Order
also assigns certain responsibilities to the Civil Ser-
vice Commission for issuing Government-wide regulations
implementing the Order and for reviewing supplementary
agency regulations covering their special situations.
Under Section 401 of Executive Order No. 11222
Presidential appointees in the Executive Office of the
President who are not subordinate to the head of an
agency in that office, agency heads and full time members
of a committee, board or commission appointed by the
President, must submit not later than 30 days after the
date of his entrance on duty to the Chairman of the Civil
Service Commission a confidential statement of employment
and financial interests containing the following informa-
tion:
(1) A list of the names of all corporations,
companies, firms, or other business
enterprises, partnerships, non-profit
organizations, and educational or
other institutions --
(A) with which he is connected as an
employee, officer, owner, director,
trustee, partner, adviser, or
consultant; or
2
(B) in which he has any continuing
financial interests, through
a pension or retirement plan,
shared income, or otherwise, as
a result of any current or prior
employment or business or pro-
fessional association; or
(C) in which he has any financial
interest through the ownership
of stocks, bonds, or other
securities.
(2) A list of the names of his creditors,
other than those to whom he may be in-
debted by reason of a mortgage on
property which he occupies as a personal
residence or to whom he may be indebted
for current and ordinary household and
living expenses.
(3) A list of his interests in real property
or rights in lands, other than property
which he occupies as a personal residence.
Each such statement provided by an appointee
must be kept updated by submission of amendments or any
changes in or additions to the information required to
be included in the original statement, on a quarterly
basis.
The interest of a spouse, minor child, or
other member of his immediate household shall be con-
sidered to be an interest of a person required to submit
a statement by or pursuant to Executive Order No. 11222.
Section 402 of the Executive Order provides
that the Civil Service Commission prescribe regulations
to require the submission of statements of financial
interests by such employees, subordinate to the heads
of agencies, as the Commission may designate. The
3
Commission shall prescribe the form and content of
such statements and the time or times and places for
such submission. Such regulations were issued by
the Civil Service Commission 5 CFR Part 735 (1965) as
amended. See discussion below.
The Chairman of the Civil Service Commission
must report to the President any information contained
in statements required by Section 401 of top officials
discussed above which may indicate a conflict of in-
terest. The Commission must report or by regulation
require reporting to the head of the agency concerned
any information contained in statements submitted by
an employee subordinate to the head of his agency which
may indicate a conflict of interest.
The statements and amended statements are
held in confidence and no information as to their
contents may be disclosed, except by the Chairman of
the Civil Service Commission or by the head of the
agency for good cause shown.
The remaining parts of Executive Order No.
11222 are concerned with certain delegations of authority
to the Civil Service Commission and to agency heads
under the conflicts of interest or other laws and under
the Executive Order.
Attached hereto is a copy of "Confidential
Statement of Employment and Financial Interests" to be
submitted to the Chairman of the Civil Service
Commission.
Sections 201 through 206 of Executive Order
No. 11222 set forth standards governing the conduct
of Executive Branch personnel, with specific attention
given to the acceptance of gifts, entertainment and
favors; outside employment, teaching and writing; and
the use of Government information for private or personal
gain.
Specifically, Section 201 provides that no
employee shall solicit or accept, directly or indirectly,
any gift, gratuity, favor, entertainment, loan or any
other thing of monetary value, from any person, corpora-
tion, or group which has certain contacts with the
4
Government. That Section also authorizes agency
heads to issue regulations, coordinated and approved
by the Civil Service Commission, implementing the
above provisions and to provide for appropriate
exceptions as may be necessary. It is the intent of
Section 201 that employees avoid any action which
might result in or create the appearance of using
public office for private gain, giving preferential
treatment, impeding Government efficiency, losing
independence of action, making decisions outside of
official channels, or adversely affecting the confi-
dence of the public in the integrity of the Government.
Section 202 prohibits employees engaging in
outside employment including teaching, lecturing or
writing, which might result in a conflict or an apparent
conflict, between the private interests of the employee
and his official Government duties and responsibilities.
Section 203 provides that employees may not
have direct or indirect financial interests that
conflict substantially or appear to conflict sub-
stantially with their responsibilities and duties
as Federal employees, or engage in, directly or in-
directly, financial transactions as a result of
inf ormation obtained through their employment.
Section 204 prohibits an employee from using
Federal property of any kind for other than officially
approved activities.
Section 205 provides that an employee shall
not directly or indirectly make use of official
information not made available to the general public
for the purpose of furthering private interests.
Section 206 provides that an employee must
meet all just financial obligations, especially those,
such as Federal, state and local taxes, which are
imposed by law.
Civil Service Commission Regulations -
5CFR88735.101 - 735.412 (1965) as Amended
On October 1, 1965, the Civil Service Commis-
sion issued regulations under which each agency head
5
was directed to issue regulations prescribing standards
of conduct and responsibilities for the agency's
employees and special government employees. The Civil
Service Commission regulations require that agency
regulations contain certain specified provisions cover-
ing the standards of conduct of its employees. These
provisions deal with gifts, entertainment and favors;
outside employment and other activities; financial
interests; use of Government property; misuse of
information; indebtedness; gambling, betting and lotteries;
and general conduct prejudicial to the Government. Section
735.403 of the Civil Service Commission regulations pro-
vide that each agency head require statements of employment
and financial interests from the following employees:
(1) Employees paid at a level of the
Executive Schedule in subchapter II
of Chapter 53 of title 5, United
States Code;
(2) Employees classified at GS-13 or above
who are in positions which are identi-
fied in the agency's regulations as
positions the incumbents of which are
responsible for making a Government
decision or taking Government action
in regard to contracting or procure-
ment, administering or monitoring
grants or subsidies, regulating or
auditing private or other non-Federal
enterprise, or other activities where
the decision or action has an economic
impact on the interests of any non-
Federal enterprise;
(3) Employees classified at GS-13 or above,
or at a comparagle pay level under
another authority, who are in positions
which require the incumbent to report
employment and financial interests in
order to avoid involvement in a possible
conflicts of interest situation; and
6
(4)
Employees classified below GS-13
specifically justified by the agency
in writing to the Civil Service
Commission.
Section 735.401 requires that the statements
to be completed by the employees conform with certain
requirements set out by the Civil Service Commission
regulations. Those requirements are essentially those
outlined above in the discussion of Executive Order
No. 11222.
Excluded from the reporting provisions of
agency regulations are employees determined by the
agency to hold positions, the duties of which are such
that the likelihood of a conflict is remote, or position,
the duties of which are at such a level or responsibility
that the submission of a statement is not necessary
because of the degree of supervision. Also excluded
are employees of an agency having an existing procedure,
approved by the Civil Service Commission, which is
adequate to prevent possible conflict. Most important,
excluded from from these reporting provisions are an
agency head, a Presidential appointee in the Executive
Office of the President who is not subordinate to the
head of an agency in that office, or a full time member
of a committee, board, or commission appointed by the
President. These employees are subject to separate
reporting requirements under Section 401 of the Executive
Order No. 11222. These requirements are discussed above.
We have been informed by the Civil Service
Commission that some 60 agencies have issued regulations
in accordance with the Civil Service Commission
regulation.
A list of the regulations of the largest
departments and agencies and their appropriate dis-
closure forms are available upon request to William R.
Harman.
7
Trust Arrangements with Respect
to Financial Interests
As discussed above, Section 401 of Executive
Order No. 11222 requires that certain Presidential
appointees file a confidential statement of employment
and financial interests with the Chairman of the Civil
Service Commission. The Chairman of the Commission is
required to report to the President any information
contained in such statements which may indicate a
conflict between the financial interests of the official
concerned and the performance of his services for the
Government.
The Chairman of the Civil Service Commission,
when an appointee's financial interests are such that
they may conflict or appear to conflict with his
official responsibilities, normally advises the
appointee as to minimum arrangements which will satis-
factorily resolve the question raised.
If an appointee or his spouse, minor child,
or other member of his immediate household has
financial interests, such as stocks, bonds or other
securities that are in question, the requirements of
Executive Order No. 11222 may be met satisfactorily
by vesting management and control of such financial
interests legally in a third party trustee -- in other
words, a formal "no-control" trust arrangement.
In practice, Presidential appointees to some
of the more important and sensitive positions have gone
beyond the "no-control" arrangement on their own
initiative or in connection with Senate confirmation.
Such arrangements have included placing their interests
in a "blind" or "ignoramus" trust, that is, outside
the knowledge, as well as the control, of the appointee.
Another arrangement provides that the trustee, whether
in a "no-control" or "blind" arrangement, shall not
invest in interests related to the work of the agency.
A third alternative is complete divestment of financial
interests through sale of such interests within a
reasonable period of time.
8
Certain arrangements have been found to be
unacceptable to the Chairman of the Civil Service
Commission and include the following:
(1) A personal declaration or certification
by the appointee that he will disqualify
himself from acting in any situation
involving a business enterprise in
which he has financial interests;
(2) A personal declaration or certification
that he will immobilize financial
interests during his period of office;
or
(3) A personal declaration or certification
that he will maintain financial
interests in such a diversified manner
that his holdings in any one business
enterprise will remain so small that
there is no possibility of his having
a control or influence position with
respect to the business.