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Report of 1956 Southern California Republican Campaign Submitted by Henry Kearns, Chairman. Pages 1-39. 42 pages. [Report], 1956
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Report of 1956 Southern California Republican Campaign Submitted by Henry Kearns, Chairman. Pages 1-39. 42 pages. [Report], 1956
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Richard Nixon Presidential Library
White House Special Files Collection
Folder List
Box Number Folder Number Document Date Document Type
Document Description
47
5
1956
Report
Report of 1956 Southern California
Republican Campaign Submitted by Henry
Kearns, Chairman. Pages 1-39. 42 pages.
Wednesday, June 20, 2007
Page 1 of 1
REPORT OF 1956 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA REPUBLICAN CAMPAIGN
SUBMITTED BY
HENRY KEARNS, CHAIRMAN
CONTENTS
PAGE
INTRODUCTION
1
"A"
2
ABSENTEE BALLOTS
3
ADVERTISING
4
"B"
6
BIRTHDAY CELEBRATION
7
BULLETIN
8
"C"
9
CONTACT DIVISION (COMMITTEE DEVELOPMENT)
10
CONTACT DIVISION (GROUP DOMMUNICATION)
12
"D"
14
DEPARTMENTS
15
DEWEY MEETING
18
"E"
19
EISENMOWER VISIT
20
ELECTION DAY ACTIVITIES
21
ELECTION NIGHT
22
"F"
23
FIELD STAFF OPERATION
24
FINANCES
25
FINANCES - BUDGET
27
FORMS
28
FOREIGN LANGUAGE OPERATIONS
29
"C"
30
GUESTS - DISTINGUISHED
31
"HE
33
HEADQUARTERS
34
HOURS
35
"J"
36
JEWELRY
37
"K"
38
SENATOR KNOWLAND VISIT
39
"L"
40
LATIN AMERICAN GROUPS
41
LISTS OF VOLUNTEER WORKERS
42
"N"
43
NATIONAL COMMITTEE
44
NATIONAL COMMITTEEMAN
45
NIXON MOTORCADE
46
"O"
47
OPENING
48
"P"
49
PERSONNEL
50
POLLS
52
PROBLEMS
53
PUBLIC RELATIONS
55
CONTENTS
PAGE
"R"
57
RELEASES
58
"S"
59
JOE SMITH FOR IKE & DICK
60
SPEAKERS' BUREAU
61
SPECIAL EVENTS
62
SPECIAL RALLIES
64
STATE CENTRAL COMMITTEE
65
STEERING COMMITTEE
66
STRATEGY COMMITTEE
67
SUPPLIES
68
"T"
70
THANK You
71
TRUTH SQUAD
72
"V"
73
VICTORY SQUAD
74
VOLUNTEER INSTRUCTION AND REGISTRATION
75
"y"
76
WOMEN'S BRIGADE
77
"Y"
78
YOUNG REPUBLICANS
79
REPORT OF 1956 REPUBL ICAN CAMPAIGN
For
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
INCLUDING EISENHOWER-NIXON PRESIDENTIAL,
SENATORIAL, CONGRESSIONAL AND STATE LEGIS-
LATIVE ACTIVITIES.
THE RESPONSIBILITY ASSIGNED TO THIS COMMITTEE 18 THAT OF CONDUCT-
ING THE CAMPAIGN FOR PRESIDENT AND VICE PRESIDENT AND SUPERVISING
ALL REPUBLICAN ACTIVITIES FOR THE TEN SOUTHERN COUNTIES OF
CALIFORNIA. THE AUTHORITY WAS ASSIGNED BY THE CALIFORNIA REPUB-
LICAN STATE CENTRAL COMMITTEE, THE NATIONAL COMMITTEEMAN FOR
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA, THE CHAIRMAN OF THE Los ANGELES COUNTY
CENTRAL COMMITTEE AND WITH THE CONCURENCE OF THE PRINCIPAL
CANDIDATES.
THIS REPORT WILL ATTEMPT TO SET FORTH THE EXPERIENCES, OBSERVA-
TIONS AND PROBLEMS OF THE 1956 CAMPAIGN AND TO MAKE IT POSSIBLE
TO PASS ON TO FUTURE CAMPAIGNS, RECOMMENDATIONS RESULTING FROM
THIS OPERATION. To DO THIS IN THE MOST EFFICIENT AND EXPEDITI-
OUS MANNER, THE OBSERVATIONS WILL BE PRESENTED IN ALPHABETICAL
ORDER AND NOT NECESSARILY IN THE ORDER OF IMPORTANCE.
As PART OF THE "MASTER REPORT", AN ANALYSIS WILL BE INCLUDED
BY EACH OF THE DEPARTMENT HEADS INVOLVED IN THE CAMPAIGN. THESE
REPORTS WERE REQUESTED AT THE CONCLUSION OF THE CAMPAIGN AND
ARE PRESENTED IN THEIR ORIGINAL FORM. IN SOME CASES, THE OB-
SERVATIONS OF THE PERSONS REPORTING MAY DIFFER FROM THAT OF THE
CHAIRMAN IN WHICH CASE, IT IS DESIRED THAT THE READER TAKE INTO
ACCOUNT ANY DIVERGENT VIEWS THAT ARE EXPRESSED.
- 1 -
" A 19
- 2 -
ABSENTEE BALLOTS
AN ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF THE ABSENTEE BALLOTING LEAVES NO
DOUBT THAT "OUR CANDIDATES" WILL RECEIVE FROM TWO-THIRDS TO
THREE-FOURTHS OF THE TOTAL ABSENTEE BALLOTS CAST. FOR THIS REA-
SON, IT BECOMES MOST DESIRABLE TO CONCENTRATE UPON A PROGRAM TO
SECURE THE VERY MAXIMUM COVERAGE IN THE ABSENTEE BALLOT FIELD.
FORMS WERE SECURED FOR THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA HEADQUARTERS AND
MADE AVAILABLE TO OUTLYING AND LOCAL HEADQUARTERS. CONTACT WAS
MADE WITH HOSPITALS, SANITARIUMS AND OTHER LOCATIONS WHERE PO-
TENTIAL ABSENTEES COULD BE FOUND. THE RECEPTIONIST AT THE HEAD-
QUARTERS HAD THE NECESSARY INFORMATION TO ANSWER QUESTIONS AS
THEY WERE PRESENTED. PLACARDS WERE PREPARED FOR POSTING IN
STRATEGIC LOCATIONS, URGING PEOPLE TO PREPARE FOR ABSENTEE BAL-
LOTING WHERE RECESSARY.
RECOMMENDATION
A AMANGER SHOULD BE APPOINTED EARLY IN THE CAMPAIGN TO MAKE
FULLEST POSSIBLE USE OF THE ABSENTEE BALLOT MECHANISM. CONTACT
SHOULD BE ESTABLISHED WITH HOSPITALS, BANITARIUMS, TRAVEL AGENCIES,
AND AIRLINE AND RAILROAD OFFICES TO SECURE THEIR COOPERATION IN
DISTRIBUTING APPLICATIONS FOR ABSENTEE RALLOTS. ALL PRECENCT OR-
GANIZATIONS SHOULD BE SCHOOLED IN THE USE OF THE ABSENTEE BALLOT
AND GIVEN SUFFICIENT SUPPLIES TO INSURE COVERAGE OF EVERY AREA.
DISTRIBUTION OF APPLICATIONS AND DESCRIPTIVE MATERIAL SHOULD BE
AVAILABLE NO LATER THAN THIRTY DAYS PRIOR TO THE CLOSING OF THE
ABSENTEE BALLOT FILING DATE. DETAILED INSTRUCTIONS UPON THE AP-
PLICATION AND CASTING OF THE BALLOTS SHOULD BE PREPARED IN MOST
SIMPLE TERMS. THIS INFORMATION SHOULD BE AVAILABLE TO ALL CAM-
PAIGN WORKERS AND TO POTENTIAL ABSENTEE VOTERS.
- 3 -
ADVERTISING
THE OPERATION OF THE CAMPAIGN REQUIRING THE GREATEST AMOUNT OF
MONEY IS THE ADVERTISING FIELD. THIS AREA ALSO HAS MUCH TO DO
WITH THE MORALE OF THE CAMPAIGN ORGANIZATION AND THE GENERAL IM-
PRESSION THAT THE PUBLIC GETS REGARDING THE PROGRESS OF THE CAM-
PAIGN OPERATION.
ALL MEDIA WAS USED DURING THIS CAMPAIGN. BUMPER STRIPS AND WIND-
SHIELD STICKERS WERE PREPARED, LITERATURE OF A GENERAL NATURE AND,
IN SOME CASES TO MEET SPECIFIC PROBLEMS, SPECIAL LITERATURE WAS
PREPARED. MATS FOR LOCAL NEWSPAPER ADVERTISING WAS MADE AVAILABLE
TO COMMUNITY AND AREA COMPAIGN LEADERS. A WIDE RANGE OF ADVERTIS-
ING COPY AND ART WORK WAS DEVELOPED AS THE CAMPAIGN PROGRESSED.
RADIO AND TELEVISION TIME WAS PURCHASED AND PRODUCED. IT IS BE-
LIEVED THAT FOR THE MONEY EXPENDED, GOOD COVERAGE WAS SECURED DUR-
ING THIS RECENT CAMPAIGN.
RECOMMENDATION
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE ADVERTISING PORTION OF THE CAMPAIGN LEADS
US TO RECOMMEND THAT A CAPABLE ADVERTISING MANAGER BE APPOINTED
EARLY IN THE CAMPAIGN AND THAT A CONTRACT BE EXECUTED WITH A SUIT-
ABLE ADVERTISING AGENCY, PREFERABLY ONE WHO IS FAMILIAR WITH POLI-
TICAL CAMPAIGN ADVERTISING. THE FOLLOWING SPECIFIC STEPS SHOULD
BE TAKEN:
1 - A BOARD OF STRATEGY COMPOSED OF FROM THREE TO FIVE
KNOWLEDGEABLE PEOPLE SHOULD BE MADE AVAILABLE FOR
ADVISING ON THE PREPARATION OF ADVERTISING COPY.
2 - As MUCH LEAD TIME AS POSSIBLE SHOULD BE PROVIDED IN
THE PREPARATION OF NEWSPAPER AND MAGAZINE COPY.
3 - BILLBOARDS SHOULD BE RESERVED NO LESS THAN SIX MONTHS
BEFORE THE ELECTION. A MINIMUM OF 100% COVERAGE
SHOULD BE PROVIDED FOR EACH OF THE ELEMENTS OF THE
CAMPAIGN, NAMELY, PRESIDENTIAL, SENATORIAL, GUBER-
NATORIAL, CONGRESSIONAL AND STATE LEGISLATIVE.
GREAT THOUGHT SHOULD BE GIVEN TO THE COPY OF THE
"PAPER" TO BE POSTED ON THE BOARDS. IT SHOULD BE
SIMPLE BUT COLORFUL AND DESCRIPTIVE.
4 - "TIME" RESERVATIONS SHOULD BE MADE FOR RADIO AND
TELEVISION SPOTS AT LEAST NINETY DAYS BEFORE THE
CAMPAIGN ENDS. By FOLLOWING THIS PRACTICE, GOOD
"TIMES" CAN BE SECURED AT THE VERY MINIMUM COST.
THIS WOULD MINIMIZE THE LAST MINUTE RUSH WHICH
RESULTS IN BUYING OF POOR TIME AT HIGH PRICES.
- 4 -
ADVERTISING - RECOMMENDATION CONT'D
5 - ADVICE OF EXPERIENCED ADVERTISING PEOPLE IN THE
PREPARATION OF RADIO AND TELEVISION SPOTS WILL
SAVE MONEY AND INCREASE THE EFFECTIVENESS. FOR
EXAMPLE: DURING THIS RECENT CAMPAIGN, POOR ADVICE
RESULTED IN THE PREPARATION OF TELEVISION SPOTS
THAT WERE OF TOO GREAT A TIME LENGTH FOR USE. As
A RESULT, THE PRODUCTION COST WAS LOST AND THE
CAMPAIGN LOST THE EFFECTIVENESS OF VERY WORTHWHILE
MESSAGES.
6 - INASMUCH AS ADVERTISING ACCOUNTS FOR APPROXIMATELY
75% OF THE TOTAL EXPENDITURES IN A CAMPAIGN, THIS
DESERVES THE GREATEST POSSIBLE ATTENTION BY TOP
MANAGEMENT.
- 5 -
# B "
- 6 -
BIRTHDAY CELEBRATION
ONE OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE 1956 CAMPAIGN WAS THAT OF CELEBRATING
PRESIDENT EISENHOWER'S BIRTHDAY, OCTOBER 13 AND 14. THIS ACTIVITY
WAS ASSIGNED TO OUR SPECIAL EVENTS DEPARTMENT AND INCLUDED THE
COOPERATION OF ALL VOLUNTEER GROUPS.
A MEETING WAS HELD TEN DAYS PRIOR TO THE BIRTHDAY CELEBRATION OF
THE HEADS OF ALL SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA VOLUNTEER ORGANIZATIONS. A
DISCUSSION WAS ENCOURAGED RESULTING IN THE SUGGESTION OF A GREAT
NUMBER OF ACTIVITIES THAT WOULD BE APPROPOS. A TECHNIQUE WAS USED
FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF IDEAS AND COOPERATION WHICH WAS KNOWN AS
"BRAIN STORMING". IN THIS TECHNIZUE, THE REPRESENTATIVES OF ALL
VOLUNTEER ORGANIZATIONS WERE SEATED AROUND A TABLE AND IN ROTATION
CLOCKWISE, EACH WAS ASKED TO SUGGEST A PROJECT FOR THE BIRTHDAY
CELEBRATION. No MORE THAN ONE SUGGESTION WAS MADE AT A TIME BUT
AFTER THE CIRCLE HAD BEEN COMPLETED, EACH MAKING A SUGGESTION,
THE PROCESS WAS REPEATED UNTIL EVERYONE HAD MADE AS MANY SUGGEST-
ION8 AS THEY HAD IN MIND.
THE RESULT WAS AN EXCEPTIONALLY FINE SCHEDULE OF EVENTS AND A
GENERAL FEELING THAT EVERY ORGANIZATION HAD THE OPPORTUNITY TO
PARTICIPATE. THE PROPOSED ACTIVITIES WERE THEN ASSIGNED TO RE-
SPECTIVE ORGANIZATIONS FOR EXECUTION WITH THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
CAMPAIGN OFFICE CHECKING AND CO-ORDINATING AT FREQUENT INTERVALS.
A DETAILED REPORT OF THIS ACTIVITY WILL BE FOUND IN THE REPORT OF
THE SPECIAL EVENTS DEPARTMENT.
RECOMMENDATION
IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT, IF APPROPOS, A SIMILAR ACTIVITY COULD BE
CARRIED ON IN FUTURE CAMPAIGNS. THE BIRTHDAY CELEBRATION PROVIDES
A MEANS BY WHICH THE CANDIDATE CAN BE DRAMATIZED AS A "HUMAN BEING"
WHO 18 ENTITLED TO ALL OF THE CUSTOMARY INTERESTS AND FEELINGS OF
DAILY LIFE.
- 7 -
BULLETIN
STARTING SEPT 29TH, A BULLETIN WAS ISSUED EACH WEEK ADDRESSED TO
EVERY PERSON WHO WAS A PART OF THE CAMPAIGN ORGANIZATION. THE
FINAL MAILING LIST NUMBERED APPROXIMATELY 4500.
THE PURPOSE OF THE BULLETIN WAS TO PRESENT INFORMATION THAT WAS
PERTINENT TO THE CAMPAIGN, TO OUTLINE COMING EVENTS, TO GIVE CREDIT
FOR OUTSTANDING SERVICE AND TO SERVE AS A LINE OF COMMUNICATION
WITH THE PURPOSE OF MAKING ALL PERSONS FEEL THAT THEY WERE ACTUALLY
A PART OF THE CAMPAIGN MECHANISM.
RECOMMENDATION:
IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT A BULLETIN OF SIMILAR NATURE BE PRODUCED
FOR FUTURE CAMPAIGNS, BUT THAT A STAFF WRITERBE ASSIGNED TO
EDITING SUCH BULLETIN TO MAKE IT AS INTERESTING, CONCISE AND
READABLE AS POSSIBLE. CAMPAIGN CHAIRMAN CAN PROVIDE THE BASIC
INFORMATION BUT SELDOM HAS ENOUGH TIME TO DO A GOOD EDITING JOB.
- 8 -
# C #
- 9 -
CONTACT DIVISION
THE PURPOSE OF THE CONTACT DIVISION WAS THAT OF ESTABLISHING
AND MAINTAINING A CONTACT WITH THE VERY WIDEST POSSIBLE AREAS
OF PUBLIC INTEREST. THIS BECAME THE MOST IMPORTANT SINGLE
ACTIVITY OF THE CAMPAIGN MECHANISM AND WAS DIVIDED INTO TWO
SECTIONS - COMMITTEE DEVELOPMENT AND GROUP COMMUNICATION, DE-
SCRIBED AS FOLLOWS:
COMMITTEE DEVELOPMENT
IT WAS DETERMINED THAT ONE OF THE MOST DESIRABLE ACTIVITIES THAT
COULD BE EMBARKED UPON WOULD BE THAT OF INTEGRATING INTO THE CAM-
PAIGN GREAT NUMBERS OF PEOPLE FROM ALL AREAS OF SOUTHERN CAL IFORNIA.
To DO THIS A GROUP OF COMMITTEES WERE ORGANIZED GOVERING WIDESPREAD
INTERESTS AND AREAS OF CONTACT. THESE INCLUDED:
RANK AND FILE LABOR
VETERANS
SMALL BUSINESS
EDUCATORS
MEDICAL (PHYSICIANS)
INSURANCE
LAWYERS
ACCOUNTANTS
NURSES
BARBERS
DENTISTS
REAL ESTATE
CONSTRUCTION
OSTEOPATHS
CHIROPRACTORS
AGRICULTURE
Civic ORGANIZATIONS
SPANISH SPEAKING
NATIONALITY GROUPS
ALL AMERICAN NATIONALITIES
ETHNIC GROUPS
INTER-FAITH
THE PROCEDURE WAS AS FOLLOWS:
STEP 1 - A SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA CHAIRMAN WAS SECURED FOR EACH OF
THESE COMMITTEES. EVERY EFFORT WAS MADE TO SECURE SOME-
ONE WHO HAD LEADERSHIP ABILITY AND RECOGNITION, BUT IN
ADDITION, WAS WILLING TO GIVE SOME TIME AND EFFORT TOWARDS
THE CAMPAIGN.
- 10 -
CONTACT DIVISION - COMMITTEE DEVELOPMENT - CONT'D
STEP 2 - THE COUNTY CENTRAL COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN FOR THE TEN RE-
SPECTIVE COUNTIES WERE REQUESTED TO SUBMIT A CHAIRMAN
FOR EACH OF THE COMMITTEES ADOPTED. THE FIELD SUPER-
VISORS OF THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA CAMPAIGN OPERATION
WORKED CONSTANTLY TO SECURE THESE MOMINATIONS. IN MOST
CASES, COUNTY CHAIRMEN WERE COOPERATIVE BUT IN SOME
CASES, THEY WERE NOT.
STEP 3 - WHEREVER COUNTY CHAIRMEN, EITHER THROUGH NEGLECT OR
LACK OF UNDERSTANDING, REFUSED TO MAKE APPOINTMENTS,
FIELD SUPERVISORS SECURED THE NAMES OF CAPABLE PEOPLE
WHO COULD REPRESENT THE COUNTY IN EACH OF THE CATEGORIES.
THESE WERE SUBMITTED TO THE COUNTY CHAIRMAN FOR APPROVAL
AND TO THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA CHAIRMAN OF THE PARTICU-
LAR COMMITTEE OPERATION. IN ANY CASE, THE PERSON WAS
APPOINTED AND ASKED TO DEVELOPE HIS COMMITTEE OPERATION.
WHEN AN APPOINTMENT HAD BEEN MADE, A LETTER OF APPOINT-
MENT AND INSTRUCTION WAS IMMEDIATELY SENT TO THE AP-
POINTEE TOGETHER WITH A RETURN POSTAL CARD IN WHICH HE
ACKNOWLEDGED THE APPOINTMENT AND GAVE AUTHORITY FOR THE
USE OF HIS NAME.
STEP 4 - COUNTY CHAIRMEN OF EACH COMMITTEE ACTIVITY WERE RE-
QUESTED TO SUBMIT NOMINATIONS FOR A COMMUNITY CHAIRMAN
IN EACH OF THE COMMUNITIES UNDER HIS JURISDICTION.
UPON RECEIPT OF THESE NOMINATIONS, A LETTER WENT OUT
MAKING THE APPOINTMENT AND REQUESTING A RETURN POST
CARD ACKNOWLEDGING SUCH APPOINTMENT.
STEP 5 - UPON RECEIPT OF AN ACKNOWLEDGMENT BY A COMMUNITY CHAIR-
MAN, AND ASSURANCE OF HIS WILLINGNESS TO SERVE, A LETTER
WENT OUT ASKING HIM TO APPOINT A MINIMUM OF TEN MEMBERS
TO HIS LOCAL COMMITTEE.
STEP 6 - THE PRINCIPAL PURPOSE OF DEVELOPING CONTACT COMMITTEE
APPOINTMENTS UPON THE LOCAL LEVEL IS THAT OF PRODUCING
MANPOWER FOR PREDINCT AND GET OUT THE VOTE ACTIVITIES.
EVERY PERSON THUS SECURED WAS ASKED TO PARTICIPATE IN
THESE TWO CAMPAIGN OPERATIONS.
SUMMARY: CONSTANT SUPERVISION AND PROMOTION WAS NECESSARY TO FILL
IN THE COMMITTEE APPOINTMENTS. IN ALL CASES, WHEN A NOMINATION OR AN
APPOINTMENT WAS MADE, THE PERSON WAS ADDED TO THE MASTER MAILING
LIST AND RECEIVED BULLETINS, CAMPAIGN SUPPLIES AND INVITATIONS TO
VARIOUS CAMPAIGN FUNCTIONS.
IT IS ESTIMATED THAT THE CLOSE OF THE CAMPAIGN, APPROXIMATELY 4500
PEOPLE WERE INVOLVED IN SOME PHASE OF THIS COMMITTEE ACTIVITY. A
CHART HAS BEEN DEVELOPED FOR EACH COMMUNITY IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
WITH THE OBJECTIVE THAT A CHAIRMAN WOULD BE APPOINTED FOR EACH COM-
MITTEE ACTIVITY IN EVERY COMMUNITY.
- 11 -
CONTACT DIVISION CONT'D
GROUP COMMUNICATION
A SEPARATE PHASE OF THE CONTACT ACTIVITY WAS THAT OF GROUP Com-
MUNICATION IN WHICH SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA CAMPAIGN ORGANIZATIONS
FOR EACH OF THE RESPECTIVE COMMITTEES WAS ASKED TO PREPARE A
SUITABLE LETTER FOR ALL PERSONS IN THAT CATEGORY OF COMMUNITY
LIFE AND TO SECURE SUITABLE MAILING LISTS. As A RESULT OF THIS
WORK, THE FOLLOWING TOOK PLACE:
1 - CONTACT COMMITTEE CHAIRMAN WAS REQUESTED TO PREPARE A LETTER
TO ALL SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA PEOPLE IN HIS CATEGORY, NAMELY,
DOCTORS, ACCOUNTANTS, Civic LEADERS, ETC. THE PURPOSE OF
THE LETTER WAS TO ASK FOR UNDERSTANDING OF THE MERITS OF OUR
CANDIDATES AND TO REQUEST PARTICIPATION IN THE CAMPAIGN.
2 - A LETTERHEAD WAS PREPARED FOR EACH COMMITTEE SHOWING THE
SOUTHERN IFORNIA CHAIRMAN AND A REPRESENTATIVE GROUP
OF COMMITTEEMEN, PREFERABLY SELECTED UPON A GEOGRAPHIC BASIS
BUT WITH DUE CONSIDERATION TO THE KNOWN LEADERS OF THE
CATEGORIES.
3 - THE COMMITTEE CHAIRMAN WAS ASKED TO PROVIDE A MAILING LIST
OF ALL PERSONS IN HIS CATEGORY.
4 - A CONTRACT WAS LET TO A DIRECT MAIL ADVERTISING FIRM TO
PRINT THE LETTERS UPON SUITABLE LETTERHEADS, TO ADDRESS AND
STUFF THE ENVELOPES AND TO MAIL THEM. THE FOLLOWING WERE
THE APPROXIMATE NUMBER OF LETTERS SENT BY CATEGORIES:
AGRICULTURE
500
ACCOUNTANTS
15,000
CIVIC ORGANIZATION LEADERS
4,500
CHIROPRACTORS
1,500
DENTISTS
4,000
EDUCATORS
32,500
INSURANCE
26,000
MEDICAL
24,000
LAWYERS
15,000
OSTEOPATHS
2,100
REAL ESTATE AGENTS & BROKERS 30,000
SMALL BUSINESS
35,000
5 - A RETURNPOSTCARD WAS INCLUDED IN THE MAILINGS ASKING THE PERSON
RECEIVING THE MAILING TO RESPOND INDICATING HIS INTEREST IN THE
CAMPAIGN. A COPY OF THIS POSTCARD IS FOUND UNDER SUPPLIES SECTION.
NOTE: THE SUCCESS OF THE CONTACT OPERATION WILL BE MEASURED
ENTIRELY BY THE AMOUNT OF FOLLOW-THRU AND SUPERVISION
THAT IS GIVEN TO THIS ACTIVITY. IN NO CASE, WAS THE
RESPONSE AUTOMATIC.
- 12 -
CONTACT DIVISION CONT'D
RECOMMENDATION
THE REPORT OF THE CONTACT DIVISION WILL LEAVE NO DOUBT THAT THIS
ACTIVITY SHOULD BE CONTINUED AND EXPANDED. IT IS ONE OF THE MOST
IMPORTANT IN THE ENTIRE CAMPAIGN. HOWEVER, TO BE TRULY EFFECTIVE,
IT SHOULD BE CONDUCTED UPON A YEAR ROUND BASIS WITH THE ESTABLISH-
MENT AND REQUITING OF PERSONNEL EFFECTUATED UPON A THOUGHTFUL
AND SYSTEMATIC BASIS.
EXAMPLE: IF TIME ALLOWED, THE PROPER DEVELOPMENT OF THE CATEGORY,
"Civic ORGANIZATION LEADERS", THIS WOULD BECOME MOST INFLUENTIAL
IN A CAMPAIGN. IN THIS CATEGORY, IT WOULD BE EXPECTED THAT PAST
OFFICERS OF SERVICE CLUBS, Civic AND CHARITABLE ORGANIZATIONS WOULD
BE ASKED TO SERVE, STARTING WITH SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LEADERS,
COUNTY CHAIRMEN AND COMMUNITY LEADERS. IF CARRIED TO ITS FULLEST
POTENTIALITY, THE PUBLIC WOULD BE GIVEN THE VIEWPOINT THAT MOST
PEOPLE WHO HAVE A PUBLIC INTEREST ARE SYMPATHETIC WITH OUR CAMPAIGN.
THESE PEOPLE IN TURN ARE FAMILIAR WITH ORGANIZATION AND THE DEVEL-
OPMENT OF LARGE SCALE SUPPORT. THEIR ACTIVE PARTICIPATION IN THE
CAMPAIGN COULD MEAN GREAT NUMBERS OF CAPABLE PERSONS WHO WOULD JOIN
OUR EFFORTS. THIS IS ONLY ONE OF THE AREAS THAT COULD BE MOST EF-
FECTIVE.
- 13 -
19 D -
- 14 -
DEPARTMENTS
THE FOLLOWING DEPARTMENTS WERE ESTABLISHED AND OPERATED IN
THE CAMPAIGN MECHANISM:
COUNTY ORGANIZATION - CO-ORDINATION: THE DUTY HERE WAS TO
ESTABLISH AND MAINTAIN LIAISON WITH ALL COUNTY ORGANIZATIONS
AND TO WORK TOWARDS FILLING IN WHERE WEAKNESSES DEVELOPED.
RECOMMENDATION: THE MECHANISM DESCRIBED IS NECESSARY AND
MUST BE USED.
COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION - CO-ORDINATION: THE DUTY HERE WAS TO
ESTABLISH AND MAINTAIN LIAISON WITH ALL COMMUNITY LEADERS,
INCLUDING THE ESTABLISHMENT OF HEADQUARTERS AND CAMPAIGN OPERA-
TIONS WHEREVER REQUIRED.
RECOMMENDATION: SHOULD BE USED AND EXPANDED.
DEMOCRATS FOR IKE AND DICK: PURPOSE WAS TO PRODUCE AND RALLY
A GROUP OF WELL-KNOWN DEMOCRAT NAMES AND PERSONS WHO WOULD
SUPPORT THE EISENHOWER-NIXON TEAM.
RECOMMENDATION: SHOULD BE USED AND EXPANDED BUT DOES NOT DE-
SERVE EXCESSIVE EXPENDITURES FOR HEADQUARTERS OR PERSONNEL.
INDEPENDENTS FOR IKE AND DICK: THE PURPOSE OF THIS DEPARTMENT
WAS TO SECURE SO-CALLED "INDEPENDENT THINKERS" MADE UP OF COL-
LEGE PROFESSORS AND ADMINISTRATORS WHO WOULD INDICATE THEIR
SUPPORT OF THE CAMPAIGN TEAM.
RECOMMENDATION: THIS PLAN IF ESTABLISHED EARLY IN THE CAMPAIGN,
CAN BE VERY EFFECTIVE AND NEWSWORTHY.
PUBLIC RELATIONS: A PUBLIC RELATIONS COMMITTEE WAS MADE UP OF
TOP PUBLIC RELATIONS EXPERTS FROM SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA TO ADVISE
THE CAMPAIGN IN ITS PUBLIC RELATIONS DECISIONS, PARTICULARLY
UPON THE INTERPRETATION AND USE OF PUBLIC OPINION POLLS.
RECOMMENDATION: SHOULD MEET WITH CHAIRMAN, PUBLICIST AND ADVER-
TISING MANAGER AT LEAST EVERY WEEK.
- 15 -
DEPARTMENTS CONT'D
FINANCE: INASMUCH AS FINANCING FOR THE CAMPAIGN WAS PROVIDED
THROUGH THE UNITED REPUBLICAN FINANCE COMMITTEE, THE FUNCTION OF
THE FINANCE DEPARTMENT WAS THAT OF MAINTAINING ADEQUATE CONTROLS
AND RECORDS. FOR THIS REASON, WE SECURED THE SERVICES OF A
RESIDENT PARTNER FROM ONE OF THE NATIONAL ACCOUNTING FIRMS.
HE, TOGETHER WITH AN EXECUTIVE FROM HIS OFFICE, SERVED A& TREA-
SURER AND ASSISTANT TREASURER.
RECOMMENDATION: THE PROCEDURE OF USING A RECOGNIZED ACCOUNTANT
AS TREASURER, IN OUR OPINION, IS MOST SATISFACTORY. THE DI-
RECTIONS AND DECISIONS OF SUCH TREASURER SHOULD BE BACKED UP
COMPLETELY BY THE CAMPAIGN ORGANIZATION.
ORGANIZATION CO-ORDINATING DEPARTMENT: IT WAS DETERMINED THAT A MOST
DESIRABLE ACTION WOULD DE THAT OF CO-ORDINATING THE VOLUNTEER OR-
GANIZATIONS TO INSURE THE FULLEST POSSIBLE BENEFITS FROM THEIR
WORK, TO ELIMINATE DUPLICATION, OVER-LAP AND CONFUSION. FOR THIS
REASON, A CO-ORDINATING COMMITTEE WAS ESTABLISHED, MEETING ONCE
A WEEK UNDER THE CHAIRMANSHIP OF A WELL RESPECTED LEADER OF THE
REPUBLICAN PARTY.
RECOMMENDATION: IT 18 OUR OPINION THAT THIS ACTIVITY WAS VERY
MUCH WORTHWHILE. WE RECOMMEND THAT IT BE CONTINUED AND EVEN EX-
PANDED. WEEKLY MEETINGS WITH FULL DISCUSSION BY ALL VOLUNTEER
LEADERS CAN SECURE THE VERY MAXIMUM OF EFFORT IN THE CAMPAIGN.
A SECRETARY TO THIS COMMITTEE SHOULD BE APPOINTED TO TAKE MINUTES
OF EACH MEETING MAILING THEM TO THE RESPECTIVE LEADERS WITHIN
TWENTY-FOUR HOURS AFTER THE MEETING.
SPEAKERS' BUREAU. THIS SUBJECT WAS HANDLED AS A SPECIAL SECTION
UNDER THE TITLE "SPEAKERS' BUREAU."
CAMPAIGN CO-ORDINATION COMMITTEE. THE PRACTICE OF CONDUCTING A
SEPARATE CAMPAIGN OF A SEMI-AUTONOMOUS NATURE BY THE VARIOUS CAN-
DIDATES DEMANDED THAT A CO-ORDINATING MECHANISM BE ESTABLISHED.
FOR THIS REASON A DEPARTMENT WAS SET UP WITH THE TITLE OF "CAM-
PAIGN CO-ORDINATION". THE PURPOSE WAS TO ESTABLISH CONTACT WITH
THE VARIOUS CAMPAIGN MANAGERS AND TO MAINTAIN A MEANS OF COMMUN -
CATION WITH EACH CAMPAIGN OFFICE TO INSURE THE VERY GREATEST POS-
SIBLE EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION, OBJECTIVES AND CAMPAIGN FACILITIES.
- 16 -
DEPARTMENTS - CAMPAIGN CO-ORDINATION COMMITTEE CONT'D
RECOMMENDATION, IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT THIS CAMPAIGN CO-ORDINATION
BE CONTINUED AND EXPANDED AND THAT IT BE BET UP AS ONE OF THE FIRST
ACTS OF THE CAMPAIGN, THAT REGULAR MEETINGS SHOULD BE HELD WITH
RESPECTIVE CAMPAIGN MANAGERS, MINUTES OF THE MEETINGS WRITTEN AND
SUBMITTED AND REPORTS MADE TO ALL CAMPAIGN CHAIRMEN AND STEERING
COMMITTEE FOR THEIR GUIDANCE.
SPECIAL EVENTS, THIS SUBJECT HAS BEEN HANDLED AS A SPECIAL
SECTION UNDER THE TITLE, "SPECIAL EVENTS".
CONTACT GROUPS: THIS SUBJECT HAS BEEN HANDLED AS A SPECIAL
SECTION UNDER THE TITLE "CONTACT DIVISION".
SPECIAL CONTACT GROUPS: SPECIAL CONTACT GROUPS OPERATION WAS
ESTABLISHED TO MANDLE SPECIFIC AND UNUSUAL PROBLEMS ARISING
FROM RACIAL AND NATIONAL ORIGIN GROUPS. THIS WAS CONDUCTED
SEPARATELY FROM THE GENERAL CONTACT COMMITTEE OPERATION.
RECOMMENDATION: RECOMMENDATIONS ON THIS SUBJECT ARE FOUND
UNDER THE HEADING "CONTACT GROUPS".
SUPPLIES, THIS SUBJECT WAS MANDLED AS A SPECIAL SECTION UNDER
THE TITLE, "SUPPLIES".
ADVERTISING THIS SUBJECT WAS HANDLED AS A SPECIAL SECTION
UNDER THE HEADING "ADVERTISING".
OFFICE MANAGEMENT. A SEPARATE REPORT ON OFFICE MANAGEMENT IS
FOUND UNDER "PERSONNEL".
- 17 -
DEWEY MEETING
ONE OF THE IMPORTANT OPERATIONS OF THIS CAMPAIGN WAS THE VISIT
OF FORMER GOVERNOR THOMAS E. DEWEY. A COMMITTEE WAS SET UP
UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF A CHAIRMAN AND INCLUDED REPRESENTATIVES
FROM THE VOLUNTEER ORGANIZATIONS. THE ACTIVITY CONNECTED WITH
THE DEWEY VISIT INCLUDED FIRST, A RECEPTION AT THE AIRPORT.
SECOND, A FORMAL PRESS, RADIO AND TELEVISION CONFERENCE AT THE
AIRPORT. THIRD, AN APPEARANCE BEFORE A RALLY HELD IN THE NEGRO
SECTION UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF THE REPUBLICAN BUSINESSMEN'S
ASSOCIATION. FOURTH, AN INFORMAL LUNCHEON WITH FINANCE REFRE-
SENTATIVES. FIFTH, A CAMPAIGN WORKERS' RALLY AND TELECAST AT
THE PASADENA Civic AUDITORIUM. IN ALL CASES, THE ACTIVITIES
WERE WELL ATTENDED AND EFFICIENTLY OPERATED.
A SPECIAL EFFORT WAS MADE TO SECURE AN OVERFLOW CROWD AT THE
PASADENA MEETING. IT IS ESTIMATED THAT APPROXIMATELY 1500
PERSONS PRESENTED THEMSELVES IN ADDITION TO THOSE WHO WERE
ABLE TO FIND SEATS.
RECOMMENDATION
FUTURE OPERATIONS SUCH AS THE ONE JUST DESCRIBED CAN BE EF-
FECTIVE IF PLANNED PROCEDURES ARE ESTABLISHED AND ADEQUATE
MANAGEMENT AVAILABLE. IT IS DESIRABLE, IN OUR OPINION, TO
HAVE PEOPLE TURNED AWAY RATHER THAN TO HAVE EMPTY SEATS. FOR
THIS REASON, TICKETS IN EXCESS OF THE SEATS AVAILABLE SHOULD
BE DISTRIBUTED. WE BELIEVE THAT THE NET RESULT WILL BE BENE-
FICIAL TO THE CAMPAIGN.
IT 18 RECOMMENDED WHEN PRINCIPAL SPEAKERS ARE AVAILABLE FOR
RALLY MEETINGS, THAT ARE TELECAST, ARRANGEMENTS FOR A PER-
MANENT KINESCOPE SHOULD BE MADE WITH THE TELEVISION STATION
80 THAT RE-BROADCAST CAN BE ACCOMPLISHED IF DESIRED. THESE
ARRANGEMENTS MUST BE MADE AT THE TIME THE TELEVISION CON-
TRACT IS MADE.
- 18 -
N E #
- 19 -
EISENHOWER VISIT
THE MOST STRENUOUS SINGLE EVENT WAS THAT IN WHICH THE PRESIDENT
VISITED SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA. EXCEPTIONAL COOPERATION AMONG CAM-
PAIGN LEADERS AND VOLUNTEER ORGANIZATIONS MADE THE SUCCESS OF
THIS EVENT POSSIBLE. THE MOST SIGNIFICANT ACTION THAT WAS TAKEN
IN THIS EVENT WAS THAT OF SECURING AN OVER-FLOW CROWD FOR THE
HOLLYWOOD Bowl. THE MINUTE ATTENTION TO DETAILS THAT 18 REQUIRED
FOR A SUCCESSFUL OPERATION SUCH AS THIS CANNOT BE OVER-EMPHASIZED.
INFORMATION REGARDING THIS VISIT is DETAILED IN THE ATTACHED
ITINERARY.
A PLANNING COMMITTEE WAS APPOINTED IMMEDIATELY UPON NOTICE THAT
THE PRESIDENT WOULD VISIT SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA. THIS INCLUDED
THE MOST CAPABLE AND KNOWLEDGEABLE PERSONS IN THIS AREA. IT WAS
NECESSARY TO WORK VERY CLOSELY WITH SECRET SERVICE AND THE ADVANCE
MAN FROM THE PRESIDENT'S STAFF. EVERY DETAIL WAS THOROUGHLY DIS-
CUSSED AND UPON THE ADOPTION OF A "PROJECT PHASE", ASSIGNMENT WAS
MADE TO A PROJECT MANAGER FOR EXECUTION. EACH PROJECT MANAGER WAS
THEN GIVEN FULL AUTHORITY AND ENCOURAGEMENT TO COMPLETE HIS SPECI-
FIC OPERATION.
RECOMMENDATION
FUTURE CAMPAIGN PLANS SHOULD ANTICIPATE THAT A MAJOR PROJECT
WOULD BE THAT OF THE PRESIDENT'S VISIT AND PREPARATION SHOULD
BE MADE FOR SUCH A VISIT EVEN THOUGH IT MAY NOT OCCUR. A TEAM
OF PROJECT LEADERS SHOULD PLAN EVERY DETAIL OF SUCH A PROJECT
WELL IN ADVANCE, INCLUDING WHATEVER LOCATIONS, ROUTES, AND PRO-
MOTIONAL DEVICES ARE NECESSARY. PARTICULAR ATTENTION SHOULD
BE GIVEN TO THE PUBLICITY MEDIA AND PLANS MADE TO MAKE THE FULLEST
POSSIBLE USE OF THIS NEWS PRODUCING ACTIVITY.
IF POSSIBLE, THE CAMPAIGN CHAIRMAN SHOULD TRANSMIT TO THE
PRESIDENT AND HIS SPEECH WRITERS SUCH PERTINENT INFORMATION
AS WOULD BE EFFECTIVE IN TYING IN LOCAL AND TIMELY INTERESTS
WITH THE PUBLIC PRONOUNCEMENTS OF THE DISTINGUISHED GUEST.
- 20 -
ELECTION DAY ACTIVITIES
ELECTION DAY ACTIVITIES ENGAGED IN BY THE SOUTHERN CAL IFORNIA
CAMPAIGN COMMITTEE WERE AS FOLLOWS:
1 - TIE-IN WITH THE VICTORY SQUAD (GET OUT THE VOTE MECHANISM) FOR
Los ANGELES COUNTY IN WHICH ONE OF THE EXECUTIVE STAFF AT THE
HEADQUARTERS CO-ORDINATED WITH THE Los ANGELES COUNTY "GET OUT
THE VOTE" OPERATIONS, PROVIDED MANPOWER AND ASSISTANCE WHERE-
EVER POSSIBLE.
2 - ALL COUNTIES OTHER THAN Los ANGELES WERE SURVEYED TO DETER-
MINE THEIR PLANS FOR GETTING OUT THE VOTE ACTIVITIES. WHERE
WEAKNESSES WERE DISCOVERED, FIELD SUPERVISORS WORKED WITH
COUNTY CHAIRMEN TO SET UP AND EXPAND "GET OUT THE VOTE"
ACTIVITIES.
3 - PLACARDS FOR BULLETIN BOARDS WERE SENT TO 8300 SOUTHERN
CALIFOR: IA BUSINESSES EMPHASIZING TO THE EMPLOYEES THAT
THE BALLOT WAS ENTIRELY SECRET AND TO COUNTER-ACT PROPA-
GANDA THAT VOTES COULD BE IDENTIFIED.
3A- FRONT PAGE EDITORIALS WERE PREPARED FOR THE HOUSE ORGANS OF
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA BUSINESSES. THESE WERE MAILED TEN DAYS
BEFORE ELECTION AND WERE SUPPLEMENTED BY A TELEPHONE CALL
TO THE EDITORS OF SUCH HOUSE ORGANS REQUESTING THAT HE USE
THEM. THE EDITORIALS WERE NON-POLITICAL IN NATURE BUT EM-
PHASIZED THE NEED FOR A FULL VOTE AND INFORMED THE VOTERS
THAT THEIR INDIVIDUAL CHOICES WERE SECRET AND COULD NOT
BE DETERMINED BY EITHER THEIR EMPLOYER OR THE LABOR LEADER.
4 - TELEGRAMS WERE SENT TO ALL KEY PEOPLE GIVING THE PERCENTAGE
OF REPUBLICAN VOTE THAT WAS REQUIRED FOR VICTORY AND MAKING
SUGGESTIONS FOR A SUCCESSFUL ELECTION PROGRAM.
5 - WITHIN THE HEADQUARTERS STAFF, ASSIGNMENTS WERE MADE FOR
ANSWERING TELEPHONE INQUIRIES, FOR LEGAL ASSISTANCE AND FOR
ELECTION DAY TIE-IN WITH "GET OUT THE VOTE" ACTIVITIES. A
BULLETIN WAS CIRCULATED THROUGHOUT THE CAMPAIGN HEADQUARTERS,
GIVING INFORMATION ON THIS DAYS' ACTIVITIES.
RECOMMENDATION
IT WOULD BE OUR RECOMMENDATION THAT PLANS FOR ELECTION DAY BE MADE
IN DETAIL AT LEAST TWO WEEKS BEFORE ELECTION AND THAT ALL COUNTY
OPERATIONS BE DOUBLY SCRUTINIZED TO INSURE FULLEST POSSIBLE ACTIVITY
ON THAT DAY. THE ASSISTANCE OF Los ANGELES COUNTY LEGAL FIRMS IN
PROVIDING ATTORNEYS FOR ELECTION DAY SHOULD CERTAINLY BE CONTINUED.
MAPS AND PERTINENT INFORMATION TO ANSWER QUESTIONS OF VOTERS SHOULD
BE MOST COMPLETE.
- 21 -
ELECTION NIGHT
THE PLANS OF THE ELECTION NIGHT REPORT RALLY WAS LEFT IN THE
HANDS OF THE Los ANGELES COUNTY CENTRAL COMMITTEE. HOWEVER,
A VICTORY CELEBRATION WAS ARRANGED FOR THE MEMBERS OF THE
STAFF FROM HEADQUARTERS, FOR CANDIDATES AND KEY PEOPLE IN THE
CAMPAIGN.
- 22 -
# F .
- 23 -
FIELD STAFF OPERATION
AN OPERATION OF THE MAGNITUDE INVOLVED IN THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
CAMPAIGN REQUIRES AN ADEQUATE FIELD STAFF. IT 18 NECESSARY TO HAVE
REPRESENTATIVES WHO CAN ESTABLISH AND MAINTAIN CLOSE LIAISON AND
SUPERVISION WITH ALL COUNTY OPERATIONS OUTSIDE OF Los ANGELES COUNTY.
IN Los ANGELES COUNTY, THE PURPOSE WAS TO ESTABLISH LIAISON WITH
COMMUNITY ORGANIZATIONS. WE WERE MOST FORTUNATE IN THE 1956 CAM-
PAIGN TO FIND DEDICATED PEOPLE WHO SPENT FULL TIME IN THIS PURSUIT.
Two 00-ORDINATORS SERVED AS LIAISON WITH OUTSIDE COUNTIES. THEY
WORKED DAY BY DAY WITH THE COUNTY ORGANIZATIONS AND IN SOME CASES
WHERE THE COUNTY CENTRAL COMMITTEE CHAIRMAN DID NOT FUNCTION ADE-
QUATELY, SUPPLEMENTARY CAMPAIGN MACHINERY WAS ESTABLISHED. WITHIN
Los ANGELES COUNTY, ADEQUATE PERSONNEL WAS NOT AVAILABLE TO ESTAB-
LISH FULL COMMUNITY CO-ORDINATION.
RECOMMENDATION
1 - COUNTY DEVELOPMENT: IT WOULD BE RECOMMENDED THAT NO LESS
THAN THREE CAPABLE FULL TIME EXECUTIVE TYPE PERSONS BE ASSIGNED
TO THE TASK OF CO-ORDINATING THE NINE COUNTIES OUTSIDE OF Los
ANGELES COUNTY AND THAT THESE CO-ORDINATORS SPEND FULL TIME IN
THE IR RESPECTIVE COUNTIES INSURING THAT ADEQUATE CAMPAIGN OPERA-
TION WAS CARRIED OUT, CONSTANTLY ENCOURAGING FULL COOPERATION
WITH THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA CAMPAIGN MECHANISM.
2 - COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT: Los ANGELES COUNTY - No LESS THAN
THREE PERSONS SHOULD WORK FULL TIME AND SHOULD BE OF SUCH CALIBER
AS LISTED IN ITEM 1. THEIR ASSIGNMENT SHOULD BE ESTABLISHING,
DIRECTING, CO-ORDINATING AND ASSISTING COMMUNITY CAMPAIGN OPERA-
TIONS. THEIR DUTIES IN MANY CASES WOULD INVOLVE SUCH THINGS AS
PROVIDING LOCAL PERSONNEL, LEADERSHIP AND EVEN ASSISTING WITH
FINANCES so THAT EVERY COMMUNITY AREA WOULD HAVE ADEQUATE HEAD-
QUARTERS OPERATION.
3 - AN OFFICE BET UP SHOULD BE ESTABLISHED IN THE HEADQUARTERS TO
CO-ORDINATE THE WORK OF ALL FIELD STAFF AND TO BE AVAILABLE FOR
CORRESPONDENCE, TELEPHONE LIAISON AND DIRECTION. THIS OPERATION
SHOULD BE UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF A TOP EXECUTIVE AND SHOULD BE
ESTABLISHED AT THE VERY EARLIEST POSSIBLE DATE BEFORE THE ELECTION.
- 24 -
EINANCES
THE 1956 CAMPAIGN WAS FINANCED ENTIRELY BY THE UNITED REPUBLICAN
FINANCE COMMITTEE OF Los ANGELES COUNTY. IT WAS UNDER THE SUPERVISION
OF AN EXTREMELY CAPABLE TREASURER WHO PROVIDED HIS OWN STAFF. THE
FIRST STEP WAS THAT OF PREPARING A BUDGET BASED UPON THE BEST INFOR-
MATION AVAILABLE AT THAT TIME. THE TREASURER THEN BROKE DOWN THE
BUDGET INTO CATEGORIES FOR CONTROL PURPOSES. SEMI-WEEKLY REPORTS
WERE MADE INDICATING THE RELATIONSHIP OF EXPENDITURES AND COMMIT-
MENTS TO BUDGET WITH THE RESULT THAT EXCELLENT CONTROL WAS MAIN-
TAINED AT ALL TIMES.
IT IS BELIEVED THAT MORE EFFECTIVE COVERAGE COULD HAVE BEEN AT-
TAINED IF THE ULTIMATE AVAILABILITY OF FUNDS HAD BEEN KNOWN THIRTY
DAYS EARLIER.
RECOMMENDATION
1-AT LEAST 120 DAYS BEFORE THE ELECTION, A BUDGET SHOULD BE PRE-
PARED BY THE MOST CAPABLE PEOPLE AVAILABLE, GIVING FULL THOUGHT
TO ADVERTISING COSTS, PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS, PROMOTIONAL ACTIV-
ITIES AND EXPERIENCE OF THE PAST. SUCH BUDGET SHOULD BE SUBMITTED
UPON A PRO-RATA BASIS TO ALL COUNTY FINANCE ORGANIZATIONS.
2- IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT EARLY COMMUNICATION BE ESTABLISHED WITH
ALL OUTLYING COUNTIES TO ASSURE THAT THEY WOULD ASSUME THEIR RIGHT-
FUL PROPORTION OF THE EXPENDITURES FOR THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
OPERATION. IT 18 OUR BELIEF THAT IF ADEQUATE EXPLANATION 18 MADE
WITHOUT CONFLICTING INSTRUCTIONS, OUTLYING COUNTIES WOULD ASSUME
THE FAIR S HARE OF EXPENDITURES.
3- IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT A FIRM SYSTEM OF PURCHASE ORDERS AND COM-
MITMENTS BE ADOPTED AND ADHERED TO BY ALL CAMPAIGN PERSONNEL AND
THAT A RUNNING RECORD OF COMMITMENTS AND EXPENDITURES WOULD BE
MAINTAINED.
4- ALL FUNDS RECEIVED SHOULD BE IMMEDIATELY TRANSMITTED TO THE UNITED
REPUBLICAN FINANCE COMMITTEE AND ALL EXPENDITURES BE MA DE THROUGH
THIS MECHANISM. IT 18 MOST URGENTLY RECOMMENDED THAT COMMITMENTS
BE MADE FOR FINANCES TO ADEQUATELY SUPPORT THE CAMPAIGN AND THAT
SUCH COMMITMENTS BE MADE AT LEAST SIXTY DAYS BEFORE THE ELECTION.
5- A REVOLVING FUND SHOULD BE PROVIDED FROM THE GENERAL FINANCE SOURCE
IN THE AMOUNT OF APPROXIMATELY $2,000.00. THIS SHOULD BE USED FOR
SMALL EXPENDITURES AND SHOULD BE RE-IMBURSED FROM TIME TO TIME UPON
THE SUBMISSION OF SUITABLE BILLS AND VOUCHERS.
- 25 -
FINANCES - RECOMMENDATION CONT'D
6 - IT is RECOMMENDED THAT AN ACCOUNTING FIRM SIMILAR TO THAT USED THIS
YEAR BE SECURED TO SUPERVISE THE FINANCE END OF THE CAMPAIGN MAINTAINING
COMPLETE INDEPENDENCE FROM THE BALANCE OF THE CAMPAIGN OPERATION.
7 - THE TREMENDOUS NUMBER OF REQUESTS FOR CASH ASSISTANCE LEADS US TO
RECOMMEND THAT THE PROCEDURE ADOPTED IN THIS CAMPAIGN BE INTEGRATED
INTO THE CAMPAIGN STRUCTURE OF FUTURE YEARS. THIS INCLUDES THE PRE-
PARATION OF A FORM FOR SUBMISSION TO A "BUDGET COMMITTEE" FOR EVERY
REQUEST FOR FUNDS, RELIEVING THE "POLITICAL CAMPAIGN DIRECTOR" OF THE
CONSEQUENCES OF A TURN-DOWN OF FINANCIAL REQUESTS. IT ALSO MAKES IT
POSSIBLE TO SYSTEMATICALLY EXAMINE THE REQUEST IN A CALM AND OBJECTIVE
MANNER.
8 - IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT THE CAMPAIGN CHAIRMAN MAINTAIN FINANCE CONTROL
AFTER THE ELECTION AND UNTIL ALL CAMPAIGN ACTIVITIES HAVE BEEN CONCLUDED.
THERE 18 A GENERAL TENDENCY TO RELAX CONTROLS AS SOON AS THE ELECTION IS
OVER BUT IT IS BELIEVED THAT FULL MANAGEMENT CONTROL SHOULD BE RETAINED
UNTIL ALL OPERATIONS ARE CONCLUDED.
- 26 -
UNOFFICIAL PRELIMINARY EXPENDITURE REPORT
CLASSIFICATIONS
EXPENDITURES
FIELD MEN
832.38
OFFICE STAFF
9,848.00
OFFICE EXPENSE
10,431.11
TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH
4,401.93
OCCUPANCY EXPENSE
2,238.39
WOMEN'S DIVISION
741.97
VETERANS' DIVISION
838.00
SPECIAL GROUPS
197.46
DEMOCRATIC DIVISION - MAILING
7,304.52
CONTACT DIVISION - MAILING
10,136.78
CONTACT DIVISION - OTHER
1,338.13
PUBLICITY OFFICE STAFF
2,929.64
PUBLICITY DIRECTOR
1,998.00
SPEAKERS BUREAU
1,058.98
OUTDOOR BOARDS
16,876.99
TELEVISION AND PRODUCTION
35,064.12
NEWSPAPER ADVERTISING
19,991.29
MISCELLANEOUS ADVERTISING
4,642.79
LITERATURE, PRINTING, AND ART WORK
)
SPECIAL LITERATURE
}
24,331.61
BUMPER AND WINDSHIELD STICKERS
MEETINGS AND LUNCHEONS
450.23
GENERAL TRAVEL
277.77
CANDIDATES' MEETINGS
24,460.89
PUBLIC OPINION POLLS
12,050.00
CLEAN-UP EXPENSE
1,500.00
THANK-YOU LETTERS
1,646.88
EMERGENCY FUND
120.12
CONTRIBUTIONS TO CONGRESSIONAL CAMPAIGN
6,643.66
TOTAL EXPENDITURES
$202,351.64
- 27 -
FORMS
A SERIES OF FORMS WERE DEVELOPED FOR SPECIFIC USE. THEY ARE
1 - A FORM FOR SUBMISSION TO COUNTY AND COMMUNITY
COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN ASKING FOR THE NOMINATION OF
COMMITTEE MEMBERS
2 - REQUEST FOR FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE FOR THE PURPOSE
OF MINIMIZING UNWISE EXPENDITURES AND ELIMINATING
THE POLITICAL DISADVANTAGE OF TURNING DOWN REQUESTS
3 - DISTINGUISHED GUEST SCHEDULE WAS USED TO PROVIDE
A SYSTEMATIC CO-ORDINATION FOR ALL DISTINGUISHED
GUESTS WITH THE PURPOSE OF GETTING THE VERY MAXI-
MUM VALUE OUT OF SUCH VISITS AND AT THE SAME TIME,
PROVIDING FOR ADEQUATE CARE OF THE DISTINGUISHED
GUESTS' NEEDS
4 - FIELD CAMPAIGN ORGANIZATION CHART. A FORM DESIGNED
FOR SUBMISSION TO COUNTY AND LOCAL CHAIRMEN SHOWING
THEM THE MAGNITUDE OF THE OPERATION AND GIVING A
BASIS FOR "BELLING" THE NECESSITY OF FULL COOPERATION.
ALSO, TO PROVIDE A DESCRIPTIVE RECORD OF VOLUNTEER
PERSONNEL
RECOMMENDATION
IT 18 RECOMMENDED THAT ONE OF THE EARLIEST ACTIONS OF THE
CAMPAIGN CHAIRMAN WOULD BE THAT OF ANALYZING THE OPERATION
AND THEN PREPARATION OF SUCH FORMS AS ARE REQUIRED TO PRO-
VIDE SYSTEMATIC AND CONSTANT ATTENTION TO DETAILS.
- 28 -
FOREIGN LANGUAGE OPERATIONS
A DEPARTMENT WAS SET UP WITHIN THE CAMPAIGN TO HANDLE THE SPANISH
LANGUAGE GROUPS AND OTHER FOREIGN LANGUAGE AREAS. ADVERTISING WAS
PLACED IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE NEWSPAPERS AND EDITORIAL DEPARTMENTS
WERE INCLUDED IN ALL NEWS RELEASES. SPECIAL EFFORTS WERE MADE FROM
TIME TO TIME TO PLACE NEWS STORIES IN APPROPOS PAPERS.
RECOMMENDATION
A - THE SPANISH SPEAKING GROUP 18 THE LARGEST AND MOST REPRESENT-
ATIVE IN SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA. IT SHOULD BE HEADED BY A COMMITTEE
OF LATIN AMERICAN DESCENT WHO ARE KNOWLEDGEABLE OF THE LANGUAGE
AND TRADITIONS OF THAT AREA. SUFFICIENT FINANCES AND MANPOWER
SHOULD BE PROVIDED TO GIVE THE IMPRESSION THAT OUR PARTY IS TRULY
INTERESTED IN THIS SEGMENT OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA'S POPULATION.
B - IN CAMPAIGNING THE LANGUAGE GROUP OF LATIN DERIVATION, OTHER
THAN SPANISH, NAMELY FRENCH AND ITALIAN, A CHAIRMAN OF THIS
NATIONALITY BACKGROUND SHOULD BE SECURED FOR INFLUENCE IN THIS
AREA. DUTIES WOULD INCLUDE THE ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEETINGS,
NEWSPAPER ADVERTISING AND LANGUAGE BROADCASTS.
C - A CHAIRMAN OF SO-CALLED ETHNIC GROUPS, THOSE STEMMING FROM
THE BALTIC AND MID-EUROPEAN AREAS, SHOULD BE SELECTED. IN THIS
CASE, THE CHAIRMAN SHOULD BE A PERSON WHO IS RECOGNIZED AS A
LEADER OF THESE GROUPS.
D - A CHAIRMAN SHOULD BE SELECTED FOR JAPANESE-AMERICAN AND
CHINESE-AMERICAN ACTIVITIES. THEY SHOULD BE ENCOURAGED TO
WORK WITH THEIR SPECIFIC GROUPS AND PROVIDED WITH LIMITED FI-
NANCES AND PERSONNEL.
E - A CAMPAIGN ADVICE CHAIRMAN OF CONSIDERABLE MANAGEMENT
ABILITY SHOULD BE APPOINTED TO SUPERVISE ALL OF THE LANGUAGE
OPERATIONS.
- 29 -
" G #
- 30 -
GUESTS - DISTINGUISHED
A NUMBER OF DISTINGUISHED LEADERS IN GOVERNMENT WERE MADE
AVAILABLE TO US DURING THE COURSE OF THE CAMPAIGN. IT WAS
THE DESIRE OF THIS CAMPAIGN MANAGEMENT TO MAKE THE FULLEST
POSSIBLE USE OF THESE PEOPLE. IN ORDER TO DO THIS, WE RE-
QUESTED THAT THE S CHEDULING OF THE GUESTS WITHIN THE
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA AREA BE LEFT IN THE HANDS OF THE CAM-
PAIGN MANAGEMENT BUT THAT THE CONTACT BETWEEN THE DISTIN-
GUISHED GUEST AND THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA AREA BE MADE
THROUGH THE NATIONAL COMMITTEEMAN. VISITORS DURING THE
CAMPAIGN IN ADDITION TO THE CANDIDATES, WERE:
HONORABLE CHARLES THOMAS, SECRETARY OF THE NAVY
HONORABLE ARTHUR LARSEN, ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF LABOR
HONORABLE Ivv BAKER PRIEST, TREASURER OF UNITED STATES
HONORABLE WENDELL BARNES, SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATOR
HONORABLE W. RANDALL BURGESS, ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF TREASURY
HONORABLE C. C. FINUCANE, ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF DEFENSE
HONORABLE DONALD QUARLES, SECRETARY AIR FORCE
HONORABLE JOSEPH MARTIN, HOUSE MINORITY LEADER
HONORABLE THOMAS PIKE, ASSISTANT TO THE PRESIDENT
HONORABLE HOWARD PYLE, ASSISTANT TO THE PRESIDENT
HONORABLE ARCHIBALD CAREY, WHITE House STAFF
MRS. JULIA THOMAS, WIFE OF SECRETARY OF THE NAVY
HONORABLE ALBERT COLE, ADMINISTRATOR OF HOUSING & HOME
FINANCING AGENCY
MONORABLE WM. F. KNOWLAND, SENATE MINORITY LEADER
FORMER GOVERNOR THOMAS E. DEWEY
HONORABLE ARTHUR S. FLEMING, DIRECTOR, OFFICE OF DEFENSE
MOBILIZATION
MRS. KATHERINE.G. HOWARD, DEPUTY ADMINISTRATOR, FEDERAL
CIVIL DEFENSE ADMINISTRATION
IN ADDITION TO THE PRIME APPOINTMENT OF THESE GUESTS, (IN MOST
CASES THE ORIGINAL INVITATION THAT WASHINGTON FILLED) SUPPLE-
MENTARY APPEARANCES WERE SCHEDULED IN KEY CAMPAIGN AREAS AND
BEFORE IMPORTANT CAMPAIGN GROUPS. IT WAS OUR INTENTION TO SCHED-
ULE MEETINGS OF OUR VARIOUS CAMPAIGN COMMITTEES TO COINCIDE WITH
THE VISITS OF THE DISTINGUISHED GUESTS IN ORDER TO MAKE CAMPAIGN
WORKERS FEEL IMPORTANT IN THE CAMPAIGN AND TO ESTABLISH THEIR
ACQUAINTANCE WITH KEY LEADERS. UNFORTUNATELY PRESS OF TIME AND
LARGER CAMPAIGN ACTIVITIES DID NOT ALLOW THIS PROJECT TO WORK
OUT TO ITS FULLEST EXTENT.
- 31 -
GUESTS - DISTINGUISHED CONT'D
RECOMMENDATION
IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT IN FUTURE CAMPAIGNS A CLEAR UNDER-
STANDING BE ESTABLISHED WITH THE REPUBLICAN NATIONAL Com-
MITTEE AND WITH THOSE ON THE WHITE HOUSE STAFF THAT ARE
RESPONSIBLE FOR DISTINGUISHED GUESTS VISITS. SUCH UNDER-
STANDING SHOULD BE BASED UPON THE REALIZATION THAT CAMPAIGN
OPERATIONS REST PRIMARILY WITH THE CAMPAIGN CHAIRMAN AND
THAT HIS WORK BECOMES INCREASINGLY DIFFICULT IF HE DOES
NOT HAVE SOME "CONTROL" AND COMPLETE LIAISON WITH VISITORS
OF NOTE. THE CAMPAIGN OPERATION CAN BE GREATLY ASSISTED
AND VALUABLE STIMULOUS CAN BE ADDED TO CAMPAIGN WORKERS
THROUGH THE PLANNED AND JUDICIOUS USE OF THE DISTINGUISHED
VISITORS. THIS CAN ONLY BE ACCOMPLISHED IF THE VISITS ARE
ARRANGED BY AND THROUGH THE CAMPAIGN CHAIRMAN.
A QUICK AND EFFECTIVE MEANS OF COMMUNICATION MUST BE ESTAB-
LISHED BETWEEN THOSE IN WASHINGTON WHO MANDLE THE CAMPAIGN VISITS
AND THOSE IN THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA AREA WHO ARE RESPONSIBLE
FOR THE S UCCESS OF THOSE VISITS. IT IS PARTICULARLY IMPORT-
ANT THAT SOME ONE PERSON BE ESTABLISHED AS LIAISON OFFICER
IN THE WASHINGTON OFFICE.
- 32 -
" H .
- 33 -
HEADQUARTERS
A CAMPAIGN HEADQUARTERS WAS ESTABLISHED IN DOWNTOWN Los
ANGELES WITH THE COOPERATION OF A LANDLORD WHO WAS SYM-
PATHETIC WITH OUR CAUSE. AMONG THE PRINCIPAL PROBLEMS
INVOLVED IN ESTABLISHING THE HEADQUARTERS WERE:
1 - SECURING A LOCATION WITH ADEQUATE FLOOR SPACE.
No LESS THAN 10,000 SQUARE FEET IS NEEDED FOR
THIS OPERATION.
2 - A LOCATION WAS REQUIRED THAT WOULD ALLOW ADE-
QUATE TELEPHONE TRUNK LINES. IN OUR OPERATION,
WE HAD TEN LINES ON THE SWITCHBOARD AND TWELVE
DIRECT LINES. DURING THE PEAK OF THE CAMPAIGN,
THIS TELEPHONE SERVICE WAS ENTIRELY INADEQUATE.
3 - PARKING WAS ALWAYS A VERY SERIOUS PROBLEM DUE TO
THE SIZE OF THE STAFF AND THE GREAT NUMBER OF
VISITORS WHO HAD TO BE ACCOMMODATED.
RECOMMENDATION
IT 18 MOST DEFINITELY RECOMMENDED THAT HEADQUARTERS BE LOCATED
AT LEAST 120 DAYS BEFORE THE ELECTION AND THAT SUCH HEADQUARTERS
NEED NOT BE IN A DOWNTOWN AREA BUT THAT THEY BE EASILY ACCESISLE
TO FREEWAYS AND PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION AND SHOULD BE IN AN AREA
WHERE PARKING FOR AT LEAST FORTY OR FIFTY CARS IS AVAILABLE.
ARRANGEMENTS SHOULD BE MADE FOR TELEPHONE SERVICE WITH A MINI-
MUM OF TWENTY TRUNK LINES AND ADEQUATE EXTENSIONS, SUITABLE
FOR TWO SWITCHBOARD OPERATORS AND THAT A MINIMUM OF TWENTY AD-
DITIONAL DIRECT LINES SHOULD BE AVAILABLE.
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HOURS
HOURS OF OPERATION WERE GENERALLY CO-INCIDENT WITH BUSINESS
IN THIS AREA. HOWEVER, THE LAST FOUR WEEKS OF THE CAMPAIGN,
SATURDAY OPENING WAS REQUIRED AND THE LAST THREE WEEKS,
HEADQUARTERS REMAINED OPEN UNTIL 9.00 P.M. ON WEEK DAYS
AND ALL DAY ON SUNDAY.
RECOMMENDATION
IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT SCHEDULES BE ARRANGED IN SUCH A WAY
THAT THE LAST MONTH OF THE CAMPAIGN A SKELETON CREW BE ON
DUTY UNTIL 8,00 OR 9:00 IN THE EVENING, ALL DAY SATURDAY AND
ALL DAY SUNDAY. THIS 18 NECESSARY TO MAINTAIN THE FEELING
ON THE PART OF VOLUNTEER CAMPAIGN WORKERS THAT THE HEAD-
QUARTERS OPERATION 18 WORKING AND FEELS THE NECESSITY OF
CONTINUED ACTIVITY.
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#
J
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JEWELRY
As THE CAMPAIGN PROGRESSED, GREAT DEMAND DEVELOPED FOR
JEWELRY AND SPECIAL CAMPAIGN MATERIALS. SOME OF THE LOCAL-
ITIES WERE ABLE TO AUGMENT THEIR TREASURY TO A CONSIDERABLE
EXTENT THROUGH THE SALE OF SUCH MATERIAL.
RECOMMENDATION
IN THE PLANNING STEPS OF THE CAMPAIGN, THOUGHT SHOULD BE
GIVEN TO ESTABLISHING A BOURCE OF JEWELRY AND NOVELTY MATER-
I AL THAT COULD BE SOLD FROM A MAIN HEADQUARTERS AND DISTRIB-
UTED THROUGH COUNTY AND LOCAL HEADQUARTERS. IT IS BELIEVED
THAT WITH PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT, SUCH AN ACTIVITY COULD PRO-
DUCE MANY THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS FOR CAMPAIGN USES.
A MANAGER SHOULD BE PLACED IN CHARGE OF THIS OPERATION,
PREFERABLY ONE WHO HAD EXPERIENCE IN MERCHANDISING SIMILAR
MATERIAL.
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# K #
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SENATOR KNOWLAND VISIT
WE WERE HONORED TO HAVE SENATOR WILLIAM F. KNOWLAND AID THE
CAMPAIGN WITH TWO VISITS. THE FIRST OCCURED IMMEDIATELY AFTER
THE APPOINTMENT OF THE CAMPAIGN COMMITTEE WITH THE RESULT THAT
ALL SCHEDULING HAD BEEN DONE PRIOR TO THE OPERATION OF THIS
COMMITTEE. HOWEVER, A PRESS, RADIO AND TELEVISION INTERVIEW
WAS CONDUCTED WITH GREAT BENEFIT TO THE CAMPAIGN.
THE SECOND KNOWLAND VISIT OCCURED FROM NOVEMBER 1ST TO 5TH
AND WAS MOST EFFECTIVE IN BUILDING ENTHUSIASM AND DEVELOPING
LATE CAMPAIGN INTEREST. WITH THE CONCURENCE OF THE KNOWLAND
STAFF AND THE NATIONAL COMMITTEEMAN, THE SENATOR WAS SCHED-
ULED IN THOSE AREAS THAT HAD NOT PREVIOUSLY BEEN COVERED BY
THE PRESIDENT AND THE VICE PRESIDENT IN THEIR VISITS. THE
OPERATION WAS MANDLED AS A FUNCTION OF THE SPECIAL VENTS
DEPARTMENT AND EVERY DETAIL OF THE VISIT WAS ENTIRELY DOCU-
MENTED IN THE ATTACHED BROCHURE.
THE VISIT OF THE SENATOR WAS MOST VALUABLE AS INDICATED BY
THE THOROUGH COVERAGE RECEIVED FROM PRESS, RADIO AND TELE-
VISION. THREE NEWS CONFERENCES WERE HELD, EACH WELL COVERED
AND WELL REPORTED. THEY WERE TIMELY AND DID MUCH TO CLARIFY
THE ISSUES AT THAT TIME.
RECOMMENDATION
THE FINAL FEW DAYS OF THE CAMPAIGN CAN BE MADE MOST EFFECT-
IVE THROUGH THE PLANNED SCHEDULE OF A LEADING CAMPAIGN PER-
BONALITY. AREAS HERE-TO-FORE NEGLECTED, CAMPAIGN ISSUES
THAT ARE "HOT" AT THAT TIME AND MAINTENANCE OF CAMPAIGN
MORALE ARE AIDED BY SUCH AN ACTIVITY. LAST MINUTE PUBLICITY
EFFORTS OF THE OPPOSITION CAN BE LARGELY NEUTRALIZED BY THIS
MEANS.
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