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This file contains: From Robert H. Marik to Jeb S. Magruder. RE: McGovern's Victory in Wisconsin. 2 pgs. [Subject: Campaign] [Memo], 4/5/1972 Handwritten Note. White House Staff notes. 2 pgs. [Subject: White House Staff] [Other Document], 4/28/1972 Handwritten Note. This document discusses state issues. 1 pg. [Subject: White House Staff] [Other Document], no date Handwritten Note. Title: Comprehensive Strategy Group- 6:30. 1 pg. [Subject: White House Staff] [Other Document], 5/15/1972 Handwritten Note. This document discusses 8:15 meetings. 1 pg. [Subject: White House Staff] [Other Document], no date Handwritten Note. This document contains Comprehensive startgey meeting notes. 1 pg. [Subject: White House Staff] [Other Document], 4/17/1972 Handwritten Note. This document discusses voting demograhpics. 2 pgs. [Subject: Campaign] [Other Document], 4/14/1972 Handwritten Note. This document discusses budget. 2 pgs. [Subject: White House Staff] [Other Document], 4/21/1972 Handwritten Note. This document discusses a study on Wallace states. 1 pg. [Subject: White House Staff] [Other Document], 4/21/1972 From Jeb S. Magruder to H.R. Haldeman. This document discusses a plan for a Direct Mail operation prepared by Bob Morgan. 74 pgs. [Subject: Campaign] [Report], 4/28/1972 From Robert C. Odle, Jr. to Gordon Strachan. Enclosed in this document is a personnel list and a budget breakdown. 37 pgs. [Subject: Campaign] [Memo], 5/17/1972 From Bob Marik through Jeb S. Magruder to John N. Mitchell. RE: Compass Systems, Inc. 2 pgs. [Subject: Campaign] [Memo], 5/16/1972 From Jeb S. Magruder to John N. Mitchell. RE: General Campaign Strategy. 3 pgs. [Subject: Campaign] [Memo], 4/14/1972 From Jeb S. Magruder to John N. Mitchell. RE: Democratic Primaries. 5 pgs. [Subject: Campaign] [Memo], 4/25/1972 From Robert H. Marik through Jeb S. Magruder to John N. Mitchell. RE: The Deomcratic Nomination. 2 pgs. [Subject: Campaign] [Memo], 5/10/1972 From Jeb S. Magruder to John N. Mitchell. RE: Senator Kennedy. 6 pgs. [Subject: Campaign] [Memo], 4/12/1972 From Arthur J. Finkelstein through Jeb S. Magruder to John N. Mitchell. RE: Conservative Party in New York. 2 pgs. [Subject: Campaign] [Memo], 4/28/1972

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This file contains: From Robert H. Marik to Jeb S. Magruder. RE: McGovern's Victory in Wisconsin. 2 pgs. [Subject: Campaign] [Memo], 4/5/1972 Handwritten Note. White House Staff notes. 2 pgs. [Subject: White House Staff] [Other Document], 4/28/1972 Handwritten Note. This document discusses state issues. 1 pg. [Subject: White House Staff] [Other Document], no date Handwritten Note. Title: Comprehensive Strategy Group- 6:30. 1 pg. [Subject: White House Staff] [Other Document], 5/15/1972 Handwritten Note. This document discusses 8:15 meetings. 1 pg. [Subject: White House Staff] [Other Document], no date Handwritten Note. This document contains Comprehensive startgey meeting notes. 1 pg. [Subject: White House Staff] [Other Document], 4/17/1972 Handwritten Note. This document discusses voting demograhpics. 2 pgs. [Subject: Campaign] [Other Document], 4/14/1972 Handwritten Note. This document discusses budget. 2 pgs. [Subject: White House Staff] [Other Document], 4/21/1972 Handwritten Note. This document discusses a study on Wallace states. 1 pg. [Subject: White House Staff] [Other Document], 4/21/1972 From Jeb S. Magruder to H.R. Haldeman. This document discusses a plan for a Direct Mail operation prepared by Bob Morgan. 74 pgs. [Subject: Campaign] [Report], 4/28/1972 From Robert C. Odle, Jr. to Gordon Strachan. Enclosed in this document is a personnel list and a budget breakdown. 37 pgs. [Subject: Campaign] [Memo], 5/17/1972 From Bob Marik through Jeb S. Magruder to John N. Mitchell. RE: Compass Systems, Inc. 2 pgs. [Subject: Campaign] [Memo], 5/16/1972 From Jeb S. Magruder to John N. Mitchell. RE: General Campaign Strategy. 3 pgs. [Subject: Campaign] [Memo], 4/14/1972 From Jeb S. Magruder to John N. Mitchell. RE: Democratic Primaries. 5 pgs. [Subject: Campaign] [Memo], 4/25/1972 From Robert H. Marik through Jeb S. Magruder to John N. Mitchell. RE: The Deomcratic Nomination. 2 pgs. [Subject: Campaign] [Memo], 5/10/1972 From Jeb S. Magruder to John N. Mitchell. RE: Senator Kennedy. 6 pgs. [Subject: Campaign] [Memo], 4/12/1972 From Arthur J. Finkelstein through Jeb S. Magruder to John N. Mitchell. RE: Conservative Party in New York. 2 pgs. [Subject: Campaign] [Memo], 4/28/1972
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Richard M. Nixon's Returned Materials Collection
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Richard Nixon Presidential Library Contested Materials Collection Folder List Box Number Folder Number Document Date No Date Subject Document Type Document Description 32 2 4/5/1972 Campaign Memo From Robert H. Marik to Jeb S. Magruder. RE: McGovern's Victory in Wisconsin. 2 pgs. 32 2 4/28/1972 White House Staff Other Document Handwritten Note. White House Staff notes. 2 pgs. 32 2 White House Staff Other Document Handwritten Note. This document discusses state issues. 1 pg. 32 2 5/15/1972 White House Staff Other Document Handwritten Note. Title: Comprehensive Strategy Group- 6:30. 1 pg. Thursday, August 18, 2011 Page 1 of 4 Box Number Folder Number Document Date No Date Subject Document Type Document Description 32 2 White House Staff Other Document Handwritten Note. This document discusses 8:15 meetings. 1 pg. 32 2 4/17/1972 White House Staff Other Document Handwritten Note. This document contains Comprehensive startgey meeting notes. 1 pg. 32 2 4/14/1972 Campaign Other Document Handwritten Note. This document discusses voting demograhpics. 2 pgs. 32 2 4/21/1972 White House Staff Other Document Handwritten Note. This document discusses budget. 2 pgs. 32 2 4/21/1972 White House Staff Other Document Handwritten Note. This document discusses a study on Wallace states. 1 pg. Thursday, August 18, 2011 Page 2 of 4 Box Number Folder Number Document Date No Date Subject Document Type Document Description 32 2 4/28/1972 Campaign Report From Jeb S. Magruder to H.R. Haldeman. This document discusses a plan for a Direct Mail operation prepared by Bob Morgan. 74 pgs. 32 2 5/17/1972 Campaign Memo From Robert C. Odle, Jr. to Gordon Strachan. Enclosed in this document is a personnel list and a budget breakdown. 37 pgs. 32 2 5/16/1972 Campaign Memo From Bob Marik through Jeb S. Magruder to John N. Mitchell. RE: Compass Systems, Inc. 2 pgs. 32 2 4/14/1972 Campaign Memo From Jeb S. Magruder to John N. Mitchell. RE: General Campaign Strategy. 3 pgs. 32 2 4/25/1972 Campaign Memo From Jeb S. Magruder to John N. Mitchell. RE: Democratic Primaries. 5 pgs. Thursday, August 18, 2011 Page 3 of 4 Box Number Folder Number Document Date No Date Subject Document Type Document Description 32 2 5/10/1972 Campaign Memo From Robert H. Marik through Jeb S. Magruder to John N. Mitchell. RE: The Deomcratic Nomination. 2 pgs. 32 2 4/12/1972 Campaign Memo From Jeb S. Magruder to John N. Mitchell. RE: Senator Kennedy. 6 pgs. 32 2 4/28/1972 Campaign Memo From Arthur J. Finkelstein through Jeb S. Magruder to John N. Mitchell. RE: Conservative Party in New York. 2 pgs. Thursday, August 18, 2011 Page 4 of 4 Presidential Materials Review Board Review on Contested Documents Collection: H. R. Haldeman Box Number: 312 Folder: Campaign 19 Part VII March 29-May 17 [Folder 1] Document Disposition 22 Return Private/Political MEMO, MARIK TO MAGRUDER, 4/5/72 23 Return Private/PoliticalN0F NOTES, JSM MALEK..., 4/28/[72] 24 Return Private/PoliticalM0ES, "LARUF FLEM n.d. 25 Return Private/Political NOTES, CAMP STRA GRP 5/15/22] 26 Return Private/Political NOTES, L. Ism -Jm n.d 27 Return Private/Political!O NOTES, "JOAHOU H -TERTER ; 4/17/[72] 28 Return Private/Political NOTES, "8130-TUES-MALEC'S. 4/14/[72] 29 Return Private/Political. NOTES, BUDGET 2 OPTIONS...; 4/21/[72] 30 Retain Open 31 Return Private/Political MOTES, "STUDY OH WALLACE -1/24/[22] 32 Return Private/Political MEMO/ATTACH MAGRUDER TO ARH, 4/28/72 33 Return Private/Political MEMO, ODLE To STRACHASI, 5/17/72 34 Return Private/Political MEMO, MARIK TO MITCHELL, 5/16/72 35 Return Private/Political mEmo, MAGRUDER TO MITCHELL, 4/25/72 36 Return Private/Political mEmo, MARIK To MITCHELL, 5/10/72 37 Retain Open 38 Return Private/Political MEMO, MAGRIDER TO MITCHELL, 4/14/72 39 Return Private/Political MEMO, MAGRUDER TO MITCHELL, 4/12/72 40 Return Private/Political MEMO, FINKELSTEIN TO MITCHELL, 4/28/72 Committee for the Re-election of the President MEMORANDUM April 5, 1972 CONFIDENTIAL MEMORANDUM FOR JEB S. MAGRUDER FROM: ROBERT H. MARIK RAR SUBJECT: McGovern's Victory in Wisconsin I think there are two observations that are very important about McGovern's victory which was totally unexpected a few weeks ago. The first is, whereas all the other candidates depended upon a few weeks of concentrated campaigning in the state, McGovern carefully built a volunteer organization over a period of more than a year. This strategy brought him from a 5% candidate in the national polls to a position of being able to successfully challenge all of the more firmly entrenched Democratic leaders. It also allowed him to leave the field far behind in the final week of the campaign. This is something that Republican Presi- dential candidates of the recent past have not been able to do in November. As Murray Chotiner mentioned in the Strategy Group on Monday, we should have a field organization by now and we don't. McGovern's performance demonstrates that we ought to get moving in this neglected area. Second, if a candidate like McGovern were to win the nomination in Miami, it might be very hard for people like George Meany to support him. Meany has made the statement that he could not support a candidate who advocates surrender in Vietnam. We seem firmly committed to a strategy of attacking Meany hard, even at this early date. I want to raise the point that little would be lost in postponing an attack until after the Democratic Convention in July. On the other hand, it just might be that the convention slaps Meany and some of the other established Democratic leaders in the face, and it would be useful to us if they had the option to at least remain neutral in the general election in November. They would never do this is they had been subjected to harsh personal attack over the months preceding the Convention. It is the conventional wisdom that someone like McGovern cannot be nominated by the Democratic Convention. However, as you know, the new rules on delegate selection have led to a much more left- leaning mix of delegates so far. Furthermore, it appears that labor has been less successful than anticipated in electing their CONF IDENTIAL - 2 - own people as delegates in the various state caucuses. Theodore White on CBS last night speculated that the resurrection of the new left in the Democratic Party might lead to a convention that would make Chicago look like child's play. If that occurs, it is not at all certain that the established forces will win as they did in 1968. One last point--apparently McGovern had some success in carving into the discontented blue collar constituency which had formerly belonged to Wallace. Bobby Kennedy was able to do this in 1968, while at the same time retaining his credentials as a card-carrying liberal. It will take hard work and imaginative strategy on our part to assure that these people, many of whom are Arthur Finkelstein's peripheral urban ethnics, vote for the President in November if a person like McGovern is nominated. It looks more and more like Kennedy for President. CONFIDENTIAL 4/28 J8m Bill malea JAM soues re E'S new Joe on walker- Known ap 38m w puter mappeny Cole re steirs + issues Deputy E+ n on Regional people E-m This night Miller mardean + Gorment + Housen - alleonee + pulis mtg wed alleged el advertiseng Garm E cpl re adver maril direct mail Alan + telepa + J8Mr Oaa mty update el Jm -add FM FM 3 mty add FM 2 more manage of Platting alast OFM review tight memos How mardian away Rlaek MO wise away for mard+ to Merimon nJ away pil mose + to JM, spect 6 Sts pa JM for day to daycen A-2 weakest Cal - mordian men and ny - Flemming brygest 85s TX - ha Rue Ohio - Mosemon Ill - al Koup 6 New Eng nJ- mosiman Convention - m B vote Coday at 5p no from view -Final Vote could lose 4to 3 - go Good, Drig Herman, Timmens, sat - on RRE Boe knowles, J8m, follbara Boe Fean, Jm, ha Rue bios for rest Fri - D.C. out bed armory Choices Gattenlerg Phl Tean atlontic City atlanta ha Rue Flem SE Ua w Va ky RC SC. 8th Flem nokey st all of soute Koup NE including lown K only alat Haw Koup Vey St Mardian - Western states + not + wise Yeulter - -mw Farm St SD, ND Kan, nel, dowa, minn, Olla 6 Don Mosemam - NJ, Pa and, md Del, mia 5 Keysts JM pess Cal, TX, see ny, phio, R'L. ha Rue trying to have JM on sat have all men lipt in & give each 5/15 Comp Stra Grp. - 6:30 H- - to see ads + promo stuff before U.S.S.R. advertising Stra for Voters Blers. wave II - cretibility of Media Info to adver Credil - no the heals but A/D. Regis - Polling - conduct none but when are deadlines -30 days; Big argu- why Regis any kids. 1:45 L. JSM - JM really appreciates 815 mays Joanov 4/17 H - - Teeter re poles -sts - add ?s. Bost anderson- Eastland adverting Comp. Camp Shategy mlg Miller, meet each mon at 1701 for rest 3 Moris Joanou, Dailey, Meany Teeter Dent, no data on crem pers or off pay ld. Laba blamed per infla Flem, Wallace - only 10r 4 Sts runs Qotina, as strong as in 68 may, Genl reference to memo on wal Garm, -at this juncture rather have wal Teeta, off than on but a very close ? Finkel, Buchan, Marik advertising Shalegy for Comp - Dailey 3 areas: Finch Funda camp Thrust: Basic media Stra CC Special water Blue Groups of Memofor H) Dailey 1 ade believe P better on QTA than on address. - just keep P off personal attack P only P 'tal; Suns bang had - Emplasize Personal accomp next Personal characteristics 8:30 - Tues- moleas Vote Blocs - IFI on 4/14 Dean Eisen - send to Dean for stil Frestone no will signed Dean - Seguria stuff - will send memo re no J8m - E+ n w/ construe costs planted, - appear wed, 58m> Rocal real beast a - Klein - probab. WH source "in LAT - 1st page story - Kevin Phillips > JM re don't wony about your right, in only & on left. - cwc + DH doing memocn Collision - prolul subst V. Poe line sun. Operation. Course eg - RFina in ha re Cucvim line on vn. cwc ujman - J8m wants nevel Kocht Eastland -wate eres men re confirm cwc will fight Weendenst, Jmpioad Herge doing merno for JM Hee O'Donnetsiz Kerht JM wants Timmons over from w H to 1701 - G. to cover w/Timmons mid may the ag thendael CHS Jm- Regis, Get out vote, Ballot Security Duckley + fairts Co-Cam unde Rocke for NX. fewid vote- - FM believes subst in roads, Policy ught, Golda Ams represt Is ame pushing Rn. x/x/x/x/x Leddy - Switch Prl mus mc G begin mon. Man Domes Council - ne prol- - E is maleable JSM- H talded w/E, bew/J8m Crasn't heard anything no E V JM pol JM said that E's attitude improved courface stuation assimproved." " Mon JM/H/Teeter pe Strategy ha Rue Flem re not head of Pal Div JM meet Flem today re replacing Don Mossin # EPA It' Ind- Rude 4/21 Budget 2 - dep Options 35 + 40m - Total includes all St expenses - approved Divis thru Jel -indie St Budgets -rever tomorrow + then yo three ul Stans next week on advertising - 1/2017 mil include Budg Comm commit wore media 11.2 Teleph 2.2 m Der mail 4.4 m St Bud's - 8-10 Polling - 800, Porter 800 PR 800 WH Sup 1.5m Fin 4 adm- - ealance - Mosemon hereil Yeutter - form belt - Jm tentatu approved 8th + Flem - ha Rece resisting sues for JM on lights O' Buen - 2-3wels capabel Strateges mty - H must JM, Dailey's Teeter, Findatein, IX J8M, marie; ha Rue, miller -1st mtg next week - Key States advertising, etc >100 professionals -200 Bods. mss it -st Bootls for Splus etc. work Bilba wager no solution on Spokes Res 4/24 Study on Wallage States - 3 LDT - malea J8m feeling oats - "Jm really Dees Solution Out J8m hard on strongly about this" - crappy staff were + FM will least Iquality decide Teeter Int + Col Plan as exis. 2 - manewering to conool post-must stop screeing arerind or FB least action - post Elec 1. Team Effert 2. slay away FM 3. stemp closery off Jm - stategy mty no Comp Strategy mark -Plansing for Dept Responsienes Fm assert cole, as manage Consult Budget - 2 mtgs Centatere decisions need better 8C ladgets 36.5 m +4-5 for sts, not spe Kent on advertis 1.5 under COMMITTEE FOR THE RE-ELECTION OF THE PRESIDENT April 28, 1972 MEMORANDUM FOR MR. H.R NALDEMAN FROM: JEB S. NAGRUDER Attached for your information is the plan for our Direct Mail operation which was prepared by Bob Morgan. & Table of Contents Pages 1. Why Emphasize the Use of Direct Mail as a Media 1 Unique Circumstances 1 Segmentation 1 Pinpointing the Target Voter 2 Demographic Voter Profiling 6 The Swing Voter 6 Mailing Ensemble Elements 8 2. Mailing Ensemble Creativity 9 3. Organization 10 4. Operating Plans and Budgets 12 Strategy 12 Interface - Telephone Operation 13 Organization and Volunteer Development 14 Advertising 14 Budget 15 CONFIDENTIAL WHY EMPHASIZE THE USE OF DIRECT MAIL AS A MEDIA Unique Circumstances The year 1972 presents a unique set of circumstances to re-elect the President of the United States. He is known to almost every potential voter, and his position on the political spectrum is well-established. He probably receives and will continue to receive more coverage than any other individual in the country. His constant exposure, via newspapers, magazine articles, radio and television, will tend to neutralize the effect of those media as campaign vehicles. Since January 1 through March 18, major networks have devoted 41 hours and 44 minutes to Mr. Nixon's China trip alone versus 20 minutes of prime national television time by Muskie and Humphrey. This exposure, plus the President's long history on the national political scene, have crystallized the attitudes of most potential voters. Ever since the 1968 campaign, a constant level of approximately 43% of the electorate have supported him in public opinion polls. Because of the higher registration levels, the Democratic candidate will be assured of a similar-sized base of support. The 1972 election, therefore, will probably be close and will hinge on the decision of the undecided target of "swing" voters. Our direct mail, therefore, will be focused on that voter segment. Direct mail can focus on that segment of the adult population whose opinions need re-enforcement and/or need a persuasive message(s) -- the reachable electorate. Direct mail is called the personal media since it can personally communicate in a primary manner without abstractions. Segmentation Many recent close political campaigns have been waged and won by identifying various demographic and geographic voting segments -- then communicating specific issues to these seg- ments until their opinions change to the degree needed. In the new book The Ticket-Splitter: A New Force in American Politics by Walter DeVries and V. Lance Tarrance, they mention that the best predictors of the swing voters are: income, age, education, occupation, race and residence. Once this identification is made, then and only then, can they be reached with the salient issues that are important to them. Demo- graphic segmentation of consumer profiles is not a new CONF IDENTIAL -2- concept -- it has been commercially tried and proven! But it has only been within the past two years that it has been used with earnest in the political field. In 1972 we should see its extensive use on a national scope for the Presidential election. The firm Valentine-Sherman, that works exclusively on Democratic campaigns and more recently to help elect Hubert Humphrey to the Senate, claims a 3% to 5% increase in the vote for their candidates through "the selective segmented approach to direct mail." This was written up in a recent article in the Minneapolis Tribune (December 5, 1971). (Tab A) Another article supporting the segmentation of the voting popula- tion appeared in the February, 1971 issue of The Journal of Marketing Research (Tab B). This article brings out how in the business world various products appeal to consumers having dis- tinct demographic profiles and how this applies directly to the political picture. The "RNC project" conducted on direct mail in Virginia, Kentucky and Indianapolis in 1971 supports these findings. These tests were conducted with control and experiment precincts. The effect of direct mail on the Republican vote in these elections was in the range of the Valentine-Sherman findings. We consider this extremely important as the major element of the media mix not used completely in past Presidential elections. Theodore H. White stated in The Making of the President in 1960 that Richard Nixon "would have been President if only 4,500 voters in Illinois and 28,000 voters in Texas had changed their minds." Direct mail is the media element heretofore not used to its full capability. Pinpointing the Target Voter Public opinion polls can relate issues to voter segments. Direct mail can then pinpoint the voter segments demographically, geographically, and personally cover with impact in depth the issues that need directional change. This will result in public opinion changes by zeroing in on issues, and that reachable voter segment that needs more personal persuasion. Universal direct mail lists are available which include the addresses of 85% of all American families. The names can be classified according to 25 demographics1 --- 8 indivídual characteristics and 17 median, or percent characteristics by census tract. 2 The characteristics that have proven most useful in the past to define adult market segmentation are: 1) Income 2) Own a telephone but no car -- 28% fall in this category 1A list of these variables appears in Tab C. 2The cities in the U. S. where census tracts are available with total mailing counts are listed in Tab D. CONFIDENTIAL -3- 3) Own a car but not a listed telephone or no telephone at the household 4) Own a telephone and a car 5) Live in a single family dwelling unit 6) Live in a multiple family dwelling unit -- 2 to 10 units 7) Live in a multiple family dwelling unit over 10 units 8) Annual length of residence up to 10 years 9) Year and make of car 10) Multiple car household 11) Median education by census tract 12) Percent blue collar/white collar workers by census tract It is significant how these demographics are applied to the com- mercial field -- frozen orange juice is an excellent example. Seventy-five percent of the frozen orange juice sales is consumed by 25% of the market. Direct mail pinpoints the 25% by using income, education, eliminating telephone-only households and apartment dwellers, picking certain geographic areas, as well as length of residence. Another good example of applying demographics to consumer profiles is the petroleum credit card field. An active credit card customer must be near a convenient service station, have an income of over $8,500 per year for good approval, own his home, preferably own two cars - one of which is five years or newer -- and have a listed telephone. The specific individual characteristics listed commercially predict buyers' behaviors in many ways. Some applications follow: Demographic Characteristic What it Describes Income -Credit approval levels -Life style indicator -Purchase indicators, e.g. Buyers' Index Own a listed telephone but -01der households if no car length of residence over 9 years -Excellent geriatric predictor CONFIDENTIAL -4- -Add female heads of household to length of residence and you predict older widows with a high degree of incidence -Not a petroleum or tire company prospect but if length of residence is under. 4 years, a good rent-a-car prospect Own a car but no phone -Potential poor credit risk or no listed phone (half of the people have un- listed numbers for privacy and the other half to avoid credi- tors -- we can't tell which half) -Younger families on the average -Families in the acquisition phase of their household Own a listed telephone -Higher credit approval families and a car -Longer length of residence generally associated with this segment -Generally older established families -Excellent retail industry potential households Households living in single -0lder households as a rule family dwelling unit -Higher incomed households -Better credit risks -When correlated to income, good prospects for swimming pools, building contractors, summer vacation homes, land investment, insurance leads, fertilizer sales, e.g., Scott's Turf Builder, all major house- hold appliances, etc. Apartments -- under 10 units -Generally described as garden apartments. More of a tie in demographic as it is used with income, length of residence, and automobile ownership to predict when it should be eliminated to zero in on a marketing profile Apartments - over 10 units -Since 1963 when new housing units started to decline, the CONFIDENTIAL -5- apartment segment has taken a different complexion. It predicts life style attitudes more than anything else Annual length of residence -This predicts the age of the up to 10 years household better than any other variable. Combined with apartment ownership and no automobile it is an excellent geriatric predictor -Also relates to credit accep- tance Year and make of car -This fits profiles and life styles very well. Imagine the significance of a new Pinto owner vs a Lincoln Continental -This also falls out as one of the most significant predictors for lead development programs when a regression analysis is used Multiple car ownership -Good predictor of young families when one car is a station wagon -Better credit approval rate with this segment -Good insurance and land leads -Good for automobile sales and tire sales as well as petroleum sales Median education by -It is more and more clear that census tract households with similar incomes but different education levels have different life styles. An example of this is the $15,000 a year electrician who will develop different interests than a Harvard MBA one year out of school. Product profiles are geared to the various life styles -- all products are no longer geared to all markets. It is just part of the segmented approach to marketing Percent blue/white collar -This is one of the best pre- workers by census tract dictors of the interests of the households. Again stress- ing life style vs just income CONFIDENTIAL -6- Best emphasized by the do- it-yourself market which is bigger with blue collar households These 12 demographics that have commercially proven to be the most useful are most likely the same ones we would use to identify the various segments of the voting population. (The book The Ticket- Splitter, a very politically sophisticated text, agrees with four of the twelve listed.) For example, the life style of voters living in homes is different than voters living in high rise multiple dwelling units. Even The Ticket-Splitter which espouses the highest degree of political sophistication does not begin to match commercial expertise. In the area of direct mail demographic applications to segmented marketing, the political applications are about a decade behind. One of our objectives in this campaign is to bridge that gap immediately. The Committee for the Re-election of the President can catch up by following this direct mail plan. Demographic Voter Profiling Presently the Committee for the Re-election of the President is in the process of relating socio-economic characteristics to geographic as well as identifiable population elements. The older voters (60 year olds and older) are interested in different issues, e.g., Medicare, Social Security, spiraling inflation, retirement plans, etc. The youth market (18 to 25 years old) is more concerned with the draft, Vietnam, military expenditures, environment, drugs, unemployment, etc. These are two readily discernable elements in the overall voter mix, but the profiling will allow us to mail by these and other elements such as: Mexican-Americans, Blacks, affluent suburban young families 25 to 45, new residents of growth areas, high unemployment areas -- you can almost name a segment of the voter mix and there will be demographic profiling to pinpoint that group. Again this concept is used often in the business community and is only another good example of the cross-fertilization that is going on --- relating proven business techniques to the political arena. "The Swing Voter" A large portion of the voter population makes their decision relatively early in a campaign, e.g., 1960 and 1964 about 70% of the voters had made a candidate choice by August and did not waiver from that decision through election dayl. 10RC Study. CONFIDENTIAL -7- The polling done by the Committee for the Re-election of the President will identify by demographic and geographic segment -- - voters firmly committed to the President - voters firmly opposed to the President - undecided, target or "swing" voters. Direct mail tactically would zero in on the Republicans to confirm and be supportive of their vote where a key state needs insurance. The main thrust, however, would be to bring "The Swing Voter" into the President's camp. This would be done by voter segment tying in to the issues that the in-house poll(s) say are important by voter segment. Direct mail would clarify the President's position as it relates to that particular segment in an intensive manner and create the margin of safety necessary to insure victory. The objective of the use of mass media is to contact that fraction of voters in the population who can be influenced favorably by the political message. In total numbers, the size of the television market that can be served. at a given cost is often larger than the number of households that can be reached by direct mail for the same cost. However, when one analyzes the percentage of people in each market who are the influenceable voters, direct mail comes out very favorably by comparison. Tab E represents a hypothetical analysis to make that point. In the case of a television commercial, it might be assumed that 25% of the sets in a given market are watching that commercial. It might further be assumed that 80% of the viewers are of voting age. Only about 65% of the population of voting age will be registered and likely to vote on election day, and finally, of those likely to vote, a maximum of perhaps 30% are uncommitted and susceptible to that television commercial message. When the television message is thus filtered through to the influenceable voters, they represent, in this example, only 4% of the total potential media audience. In direct mail, on the other hand, much greater control can be exercised in the selection of households who will receive letters. Thus, the fraction of letters which are read by influenceable voters will be substantially better. In the hypothetical example, we have assumed that 85% of the letters will be deliverable. Most messages will have a deliverability of closer to 95%. Post election surveys have shown that approximately 70% of political direct mail is read. Since the mail will be sent to households, it will be assumed that nearly 100% of that which is opened and read will be seen by persons of voting age. By careful selection of the mailing lists, the fraction of recipients who are registered and likely to vote can be increased to about 80%. CONFIDENTIAL -8- Finally, direct mail can be carefully targeted to areas where un- decided voters are known to be concentrated. We can double the percentage of voters reading the mail who are not strongly committed and therefore susceptible to the impact of the message on their vote. That is, the 30% not strongly committed in the television example now becomes 60% in the case of direct mail. The cumulative percent, then, of letters which reach the hands of voters not strongly committed is 29% in this example, or approximately seven times the comparable fraction of television com- mercials in a media market. Although hypothetical, this analysis has used numbers which are reasonable to illustrate how direct mail can be many times more effective than television in focusing a message to a desired audience. At a point in time after the conventions and before the final election the effect of television will probably reach a saturation point. In the final 60 days before the recent gubernatorial election in Michigan the emphasis was switched from television to direct mail after they found that they had reached a saturation point with their television audience. Mailing Ensemble Elements Most mailing ensembles include envelopes, brochures, and letters. The envelopes can be reproduced with a minimum lead time of two weeks, but four weeks is more reasonable. The computer forms have about the same lead time. A brochure's lead time would be slightly longer due to the set up time and necessity of reviewing proofs prior to printing. Suppliers in these areas are already presenting their capabilities regarding timing, lead time, quantities per week, security standard operating procedures, and suggested economics of scale. CONFIDENTIAL -9- MAILING ENSEMBLE CREATIVITY - WHAT GRAPHICS AND COPY WORK BEST BY VOTER SEGMENT Not all graphics cause the same reaction from all people even if they are from the same socio-economic and geographic segment of the voter population. Practically speaking, we have to find out what graphic combina- tions sway voter opinion in the direction we want in the shortest period of time at the lowest cost. Since the issues are constantly changing, we can only identify writing styles (not specific copy) which work best and which are less effective. Direct mail writing styles can be classified as to the Fog Index 1 length of pages, long paragraphs versus short paragraphs, etc. Good judgment and an application of sound business principles will be directly applied. The objective is to hone in on the best of a series of good approaches to maximize results -- change cushioned voter margin. During the primaries, we are using a series of control groups to measure election results on a series of mailings. 1The Fog Index is a measurement of the complexity of written material and is an accepted technique on the degree of readability. CONF IDENTIAL -10- ORGANIZATION The direct mail organization will be relatively small in relation- ship to the task and budget. This is accomplished by using the art, creative and direct mail copy staff of the November Group. A full-time direct mail copy writer is being searched for now. We will work directly with the creative and copy staff assigned to us which will keep our Washington manpower to a minimum. In Washington the staff now consists of a direct mail manager, a finance, quality and quantity control coordinator and a secretary. We now need a math oriented stenotypist in the controls area and we need an individual with graphic and direct mail skills as a back up to keep the work load flowing and thereby avoiding costly errors. Recommendations That you approve the hiring of a graphic and direct mail coordinator starting April 17th ($11,700 for seven months). Approve Disapprove Comments That you approve the hiring of a math oriented stenotypist starting April 10th ($5,300 for seven months). Approve Disapprove Comments Task Force The significance of the Task Force should be understood at this time. We have chosen R. H. Donnelley Corporation as our prime direct mail supplier and requested that specific people in their organization be assigned to a special group called the Task Force to work on the Committee's assignments. This meant pulling key personnel off of their regular management assignments in order to operate in this group full time. They are the best people available in Donnelley's organization at their respective jobs. The Task Force consists of a production manager, data processing and systems manager, communication liaison and the statistical quality control function. Direct mail per se does not normally build in the kind of quality control we desire -- se we will make that a qualification of our job requirements. CONFIDENTIAL -11- A contract has been signed by Maurice, H. Stans and R. H. Donnelley which includes a minimum mailing guarantee during the campaign. Since Donnelley is the largest direct mail firm with the greatest plant and machine capacity and with the Task Force arrangement, an exclusive contract is in our best interests. It gives us the biggest organization in the business with a hand picked staff to operate our job and to reserve machine time for our peak time. Donnelley was closing a 250,000 square foot plant in Oak Brook, Illinois, but has agreed to leave it open through the General Election and run our jobs with the standard operations procedure for security that we submit. Jim McCord, the head of the Committee's security operation, has reviewed the Oak Brook facility and has made suggestions for improvements (see Tab F). He will follow up in May so we will be ready security wise for the General Election. The Task Force would be in the facility which in effect gives us an in-house direct mail company completely at our disposal without the interference of commercial jobs. The authorization to. see documents pertaining to the Committee's work will be on a need-to-know basis and all documents will be kept locked when not in use. All normal sales management has been stripped away except at the vice-presidential level which speeds all decisions and gives us direct access to satisfying our needs while maintaining a maximum security atmosphere. Recommendation That you approve the concept of having an exclusive arrangement with R. H. Donnelley Corporation which prevents them from per- forming other political services without the Committee's approval. Approve Disapprove Comments CONFIDENTIAL -12- OPERATING PLANS AND BUDGETS Successful direct mail primary operations have been completed in New Hampshire (Tab G shows the first, second and third mailing ensembles for New Hampshire), Florida (Tab H shows the first and second mailing ensembles for Florida) and Wisconsin (Tab I shows the first and second mailing ensembles for Wisconsin). Primary operations are in progress for Maryland, Michigan and California. The development of these programs has been refined as they have progressed. Strategy For the general campaign the strategy would be to direct mailing efforts to reachable voter segments to capitalize on the selectivity and flexibility available. This would be done by: 1. A. Securing registered voter lists for mailing purposes in all key states (Tab J) in the Committee's tape format. B. Identifying bloc groups in key states that are reachable. This selectivity would be both geographic as a saturation mailing or to individual voters within geographic areas. C. Technically matching voter registration data by precinct voter history; individually matching demographics down to the precinct and voter level; use algorithms to identify ethnic names; and matching specialty lists for specific needs, e.g., elderly, corn farmers, etc. 2. Mailing to identifiable bloc groups, e.g., Agricultural, Blacks, Elderly and Spanish speaking in key states. 3. Developing lists for the telephone operation and a system to respond to undecided voters with a strong get out the vote mailing for pro Nixon voters. Specifically these mailings will be going to the key states in Tab J -- California, New York, Texas, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Ohio, Michigan, New Jersey, Missouri, Wisconsin, Maryland, Connecticut and Oregon. These states all have in common a close contest for electoral votes and a reasonable chance to bring the state into the Nixon fold for 1972. CONF IDENTIAL -13- Three mailings are scheduled for each target voter. This is usually enough to establish a communication pattern and accomplish our goals-- -convert the undecided -be supportive -bring in the reachable bloc group. The target mailings will go to voters in these definable segments-- -Agricultural (see Tab K for details by state) -Blacks -Elderly -Jewish -Spanish speaking -Non-ethnic or non-specialty. Each of the segments above will be identified using registered voter lists (where available), universal list demographics, algorithm formulas, 1970 census tract data and other cross reference controls. This will allow us to only go after reachable voter blocs based on the voter history by precinct as well as the demographics. Some of the mailings will go to the undecided voter defined by telephone operations. Direct mail will only be used as a supportive role to get out the vote when added insurance for that state is needed. A major effort is being made to completely avoid any duplication of effort. This is being accomplished with tight management controls on all mailings and magnetic tapes. In states where we have developed a new registered Republican list on magnetic tape or have cleaned up an old tape, it is a major asset to the Republican party. How it is used and by whom should be studied for future party development. Interface - Telephone Operation In all key states (see Tab J) where a telephone operation takes place, we supply the graphics, printing and data processing support -- acting in a staff capacity for their needs. This saves duplication on list development as well as costly software. In some instances this support means putting the names of registered voters on cards (see Tab L for an example). In other instances the telephone number is put on by a match code process. Whenever we can direct the volunteer or paid worker to productive calls vis-a-vis non-productive hand look up of telephone numbers it increases their efficiency. These cards can be sorted in sequence for ease of processing. CONFIDENTIAL -14- In some cases, a telephone call triggers a letter response from the computer based on the issue or issues indicated. Tab M is a complete example of how this looked for the New Hampshire primary. This same telephone call can identify a voter opposed to the President which then eliminates this voter from any get out the vote mailing or personal contact. Organization and Volunteer Development Since we are developing a list of all registered voters in the key states (Tab J), we can develop name and address lists sorted by precinct. This has proven a boon to the state and county chairmen who almost immediately capitalize on it to: 1. Structure their county with precinct captains and give each captain a vehicle to recruit workers in his area. 2. Develop a checking system to follow up on the counties and precincts. 3. Develop walking blitzes to get out the vote. 4. Develop telephone blitzes to get out the vote. The direct mail efforts, although good, have their greatest effect on what they can do for the organization at the grass roots level. It gives the county chairman a reason to organize as if a reason was necessary. Advertising Direct mail as a personal media works best when it is tied in thematically with television, newspaper, magazine and radio. The psychologists often call this the Gestalt approach where the sum of the parts add to more than any of the parts separately. All advertising key words, themes, pictures, and overall direction must work in tandem with direct mail ensembles. Coordination for this is handled via direct contact with the creative people in the November Group as well as unstructured cooperation with the key advertising people -- Phil Joanou and Pete Daily. CONFIDENTIAL -15- Budget The estimated cost for that type of direct mail program would be approximately: Materials $ 996,000 Mailing and Services 1,660,000 Postage 1,660,000 Research 41,500 List Development and Software 392,500 $ 4,750,000 Recommendation That you approve the above budget as a basis for the development of a refined direct mail plan for the campaign. Approve Disapprove Comments It is imperative that we have the capacity to produce 15 million ensembles in October without conflict. To insure that this capacity is available, it will be necessary for us to enter into an agreement with the Donnelley Corporation to set aside the required computer configuration. We strongly believe that it is in the best interests of the Committee that we enter into this agreement. If the need arises for a rapid response late in the campaign we cannot afford to shop around for performance -- it must be available with a fast turnaround plus tight security. Recommendation That you agree with the type of an arrangement that is included in the contract between the Committee and the R. H. Donnelley Corporation (Tab N). This contract has been reviewed by the Counsel for the Committee. It was executed on April 6 by Mr. Stans to facilitate prepayment of $2.5 million, as you had directed in earlier discussions. It would be possible to amend the contract if you felt strongly that changes should be made. Approve Disapprove Comments CONFIDENTIAL A Minneapolis Tribune December 5, 1971 Democrats use computer in '72 vote drive Bettle Shellunt One day next year, the computer will cause your tele- Writer phone to ring and a volunteer will a * how well-or Whether-you like the Democratic candidates. The Deinscrats will spend millions of dollars next year squeeze out votes with a computer that reads and Callers also will urge you to register and, in the last few arizes telephone books, writes personable letters days before next year's election, 10 vote. pushes party loyalty. You may even receive a letter, addressed to you by it finds out you're a Republican, the computer may ig. name, inquiring "if you need any assistance, such as a you. baby-sitter or a ride to the pole," and identifying the precise location of your polling place. The signature of ou're an independent. you probably won't fare much the candidate will look very real, just as the computer better. printed it. 301 if you're a Democrat. the computer will know how If you are a Democrat living in one of 30 states, there is you've lived in your home, how big your family is what you do for a living. Computer continued on page 15A Valcatine Humphrey Sherman COMPUTER: Votes sought among poor, old "I think the Republicans are wasting there money by doing something like " C To doing." he said "Ithank the Mine Derrecrats are craty if they're'not doing for that very S Consinued from page 1A reason." card the 113: some or these For next $ cammarem. the leas- For Valietine ati that veters-ined to be in. pen to : yours Der. N° abortative lature be at --- -- Contract and with letter that comes address to themand INK in Minnesota they are almost certainly with Va *time. -an = with Sea. cruis with Issues and circumstances of direct concerning W. ter Monume 4a ligure on the and them and their In those 31 States, Democratic officials and candidates have drawn lavi year In South Duketa. informants information that Rep. James Last year. for instance Hamphrev reminded Minneson sults in Minn :-: states Abditers wai Lie ***** pay. in largets of his department :0 "tre dese - of pru- surest 401 Write 15 are. too Contross and the what is expected see Pernocrate prams designed to intrease tarm-bargaining power." statehouse be of sevent 4 to be Hony ic nomine in to sutteed Reput Sen Karl Mundt. *eries day. And in subur inc men who operate Val- Humphrey is considered likely chent 10* hose States in entine, Sheem 7 and A. are savoring the fact which he undertakes tar Name: case. to that. after 27 months in business, they are the most the Denit ratic National = mian. his for sought-after P. socal consultants in the nation. mer press secretary, IS 3 10 per me the No 3 man 111 the sendior: Sental compaign, jurning Jack They don't sell political imagery. but they have er listed Chestnut and Jehn Markets more chenis for next year $ campaigns than any of the television image-makers who do. And in one border state a liberal governor has enlisted Valentine, Sherman. even the. he isn: even up for They also are 'ussy about their clients; they could have etc tion Text year. E- homes It ELEMP some conservative added a 32nd state to their operations last week. but Democrats from the legis sture en the assumption that Norman Sherman said no. It would have been Republi- his own range hope on his pc thing through can campaign and they dun take Republicans. a legislative program which some Democrats oppose Right now, V3 entine, Sherman doesn't really need the Meanwhile, the Republicans. to: are gearing up for CX- business. panded use of computers in =oter-identification sur- veys. The company already his 170 typists transferring names and numbers from telephone directories onto sheets. In Minnesota, the party had betn developing for more These are fed 17:0 IDS new $250,000 C: reputer, which than a detade a carbander file that was considered one kept whiteing 00 hours a day in Edition recording in- of the most somistitated voter profiles in the country. formation on magnetic tape and feeding out sheets that But the Republicans were cauchtshort by inc Valentine. volunteers will use to record the age. fam iv characteris- Sherman operation last year, and are ben: on catching tics, occupation and party preferences of the people in up. the telephone DOUNS. President Nixon's compaign organization already has It all ends up on magnetic tape. which will in turn pro- immed asked Minnesota Resublicans :Dout the kinds of lists duce the basic data that volunteers will use next year to ingiem, that will DV available next year in recent days. least see that voters was favor the Democratic party or at receipt five computer f.rms "ave been nerviewed for the task least those who favor the candidate wease election the of converting the card file to a computerized system. Democrats seck register and then vote. Knowledgeable informants say the party will spend from Lear For the Democrats. getting out the vote has been tedi- $50,000 to $70,000 to make the conversion. H ous, time-consuming task. but of great importance in most elections because tewer Democrats than Republi- Valentine thinks that is nonsente. since the Republican FRANK cans are "automatic voters." party is a more homezene us and Re (public in voters are more consistent and remable Ders than Democrats. SA Often these nonatitomatic voters are poor. old or alien- ated from the positical system. in the view of Jack Vai- entine, one of the barrers in the Eloominaton firm, LACY "will do the n: : - that 13, sore Democratic "if they' re asked cr if they pushed." In offering the tools for get-out-the-vore drive es. Valen- SAVE 33% to 53% OFF Original Prices! time, Sherman makes modest claims. It tells potential clients that the service can be expected to add from 3 percent to percent to the candidate's vote. But in most states the Democrats are the majority party and if they turn out their own vote they win the election. This, together with the proven results of the Valentine, Sherman system and Sen Huber: Humpbrey's salesman- ship. has proved persuasive. Peru sand candidates 20 states already note contract ted for the computer service, and in 11 more they have made preliminary arrange- ments for IL FIRST QUALITY NO-IRON PERCALE DESIGN The survey will be used in most of the Upper Midwest states, including Minnesota. I: was learned last week that the other tents are concentrated in the MISSISSIPPI -- River Valey 3.1 the way to the Gulf of Mexico. in few states, the data on voturs WI, be compt in only 0 one or more concressional districts, at a cost ranging from $10,000 to $13,500 per district. While Valentine Sherman is not the only company oper- ating in the fic.: of computer politics, 125 progresshas easily been the most speciments For 1971. 11, second full year of operation. Valent and terman will do more than $1 million in business That figure 15 cortain to be multipled next year. court only those arrange- ments that already have been made ORDER BY PHONE This fall. Democr us in Ohio decided 10 extend the Val- entine, Sherman » stem statewide after crc titing if with 24 HOURS DIAL A DAY the reelect C: Toleve Mayor H my Kessier. Kessler, who had run second in professional public opinion pulls, won with 61 percent of the vote. 336-8855 In Totedo, 35 in Valentine, Sherman's pioneer effort on For prompt behalf of Hum: *(ty and the DFL ucket in Minnesota last year. computerated letters were mared 10 thousar ds Delivery Service of homes. Thos* in Ledo carried Kessier's statements on specific ISSU and were intends to sercome poutr cal weaknesses incovered enrier during the telephone survey of the city veters. In Minnesota last year, Humptrey sportsored computer letters that were 7.3 to morrots in more than 20 key legislative THIS: the p: the there was simply to identify the DFL Registrative at fidates who would appear on the baliot party afiliation. Ordinarily, the in the DEL vote from the top of the ticket to the bottom runs from 15p recetto 46 per- A PIMMS cent, reflecting the in-end marrest If more local of fices. Last year. the Patieff in the Late 1 districts was sharply reduced and must of th se regist five candidates MON. As for pre the the :. DELC arman Rich and More time 3 :' it 4203 their " cal's M.PA made during vir-cay period at the .! of the Ca.P. p.ugn. 1145, he ANG. turned out 50.0 "st DFLe:s who would not others .. pass veted RICHARD M. JOHNSON* In the past, marketing research has largely been restricted to tactical questions. However, with the advent of new techniques, marketing research can contribute B directly to the development of strategic alternatives to current product mar- keting plans. Market Segmentation: A Strategic Management Tool Like motivation research in the late 1950's, market lems in turn, suggesting solutions now available. Solu- segmentation is receiving much attention in research cir- tions to the first two problems can be illustrated with cles. Although this term evokes the idea of cutting up a actual data, although currently solutions for the third market into little pieces, the real role of such research problem are more tentative. This will not be an exhaus- is more basic and potentially more valuable. In this dis- tive catalog of techniques, nor is this the only way of cussion market segmentation analysis refers to examina- structuring the general problem of forecasting consumer tion of the structure of a market as perceived by con- demand for new or modified products. sumers, preferably using a geometric spatial model, and to forecasting the intensity of demand for a potential CONSTRUCTING THE PRODUCT SPACE product positioned anywhere in the space. The purpose of such a study, as seen by a marketing A spatial representation or map of a product category manager, might be: provides the foundation on which other aspects of the solution are built. Many equally useful techniques are 1. To learn how the brands or products in a class are available for constructing product spaces which require perceived with respect to strengths, weaknesses, different assumptions and possess different properties. similarities, etc. The following is a list of useful properties of product 2. To learn about consumers' desires, and how these spaces which may be used to evaluate alternative tech- are satisfied or unsatisfied by the current market. 3. To integrate these findings strategically, determining niques: the greatest opportunities for new brands or prod- 1. Metric: distances between products in space should ucts and how a product or its image should be relate to perceived similarity between them. modified to produce the greatest sales gain. 2. Identification: directions in the space should corre- From the position of a marketing research technician, spond to identified product attributes. 3. Uniqueness/reliability: similar procedures applied each of these three goals translates into a separate tech- to similar data should yield similar answers. nical problem: 4. Robustness/foolproofness: procedures should work 1. To construct a product space, a geometric represen- every time. It should not be necessary to switch fation of consumers' perceptions of products or techniques or make basic changes in order to cope with each new set of data. brands in a category. 2. To obtain a density distribution by positioning con- 5. Freedom from improper assumptions: other things sumers' ideal points in the same space. being equal, a procedure that requires fewer as- 3. To construct a model which predicts preferences sumptions is preferred. of groups of consumers toward new or modified One basic distinction has to do with the kinds of data to products. be analyzed. Three kinds of data are frequently used. This discussion will focus on each of these three prob- Similarity/Dissimilarity Data Richard M. Johnson is Vice President of Market Facts, In- Here a respondent is not concerned in any obvious corporated. way with dimensions or attributes which describe the 13 Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. VIII (February 1971', 13 8 14 JOURNAL OF MARKETING RESEARCH, FEBRUARY 1971 products judged. He makes global judgments of relative ratings of values one and two is the same as that between similarity among products, with the theoretical advan- two and three, etc. Nonmetric procedures make fewer tage that there is no burden on the researcher to deter- assumptions about the nature of the data; these are usu- mine in advance the important attributes or dimensions ally techniques in which the only operations on data are within a product category. Examples of such data might comparisons such as "greater than" or "less than." Non- be: (1) to present triples of products and ask which two metric procedures are typically used with data from rank are most or least similar, (2) to present pairs of products order or paired comparison methods. and ask which pair is most similar, or (3) to rank order Another issue is whether or not a single product space k-1 products in terms of similarity with the kth. will adequately represent all respondents' perceptions. At the extreme, each respondent might require a unique Preference Data product space to account for aspects of his perceptions. Preference data can be used to construct a product However, one of the main reasons for product spaces' space, given assumptions relating preference to dis- utility is that they summarize a large amount of informa- tances. For instance, a frequent assumption is that an in- tion in unusually tangible and compact form. Allowing dividual has ideal points in the same space and that a totally different product space for each respondent product preference is related in some systematic way to would certainly destroy much of the illustrative value distances from his ideal points to his perception of prod- of the result. A compromise would be to recognize that ucts' locations. As with similarity/dissimilarity data, respondents might fall naturally into a relatively small preference data place no burden on the researcher to de- number of subgroups with different product perceptions. termine salient product attributes in advance. Examples In this case, a separate product space could be con- of preference data which might lead to a product space structed for each subgroup. are: (1) paired comparison data, (2) rank orders of pref- Frequently a single product space is assumed to be erence, or (3) generalized overall ratings (as on a 1 to 9 adequate to account for important aspects of all re- scale). spondents' perceptions. Differences in preference are then taken into account by considering each respond- Attribute Data ent's ideal product to have a unique location in the If the researcher knows in advance important product common product space, and by recognizing that differ- attributes by which consumers discriminate among prod- ent respondents may weight dimensions uniquely. This ucts, or with which they form preferences, then he may was the approach taken in the examples to follow. ask respondents to describe products on scales relating Techniques which have received a great deal of use to each attribute. For instance, they may use rating in constructing product spaces include nonmetric multi- scales describing brands of beer with respect to price VS. dimensional scaling [3, 7, 8, 12], factor analysis [11], quality, heaviness VS. lightness. or smoothness VS. bitter- and multiple discriminant analysis [4]. Factor analysis ness. has been available for this purpose for many years. and In addition to these three kinds of data, procedures multidimensional scaling was discussed as early as 1938 can be metric or nonmetric. Metric procedures make as- [13]. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling. a compara- sumptions about the properties of data, as when in com- tively recent development, has achieved great popular- puting a mean one assumes that the difference between ity because of the invention of ingenious computing methods requiring only the most minimal assumptions Figure 1 regarding the nature of the data. Discriminant analysis THE CHICAGO BEER MARKET requires assumptions about the metric properties of data, but it appears to be particularly robust and fool- proof in application. Pale golden Sweat color Mild flavor These techniques produce similar results in most prac- Low in alcohol Light tical applications. The technique of multiple discrimi- nant analysis will be illustrated here. Low in Miller @ quality Popular with women EXAMPLES OF PRODUCT SPACES Drinking B Imagine settling on a number of attributes which to- Q when alone 0 Hamms Expensive gether account for all of the important ways in which Local brewery A products in a set are seen to differ from each other. Dining out D Schlitt Popular Suppose that each product has been rated on each at- Firest Budweiser tribute by several people, although each person has not Thirst necessarily described more than one product. quanching Given such data, multiple discriminant analysis is a Filling Popular with rugged powerful technique for constructing a spatial model of Malty Full hodied outdoor men the product category. First, it finds the weighted combi- & 15 Figure 2 THE POLITICAL SPACE, 1968 Income tax unfair ANTI Carmichael ADMINISTRATION Farm subsidies eliminated Reduce Too hard Foreign and squaridere commisment policeman Withdraw Vietnam Europe Own gun Govt not censor Wallace Make draft voluntary Unions 100 powerful Marijuana Govt spending reduced Whom sell have Business 100 powerful Red China UN McCarthy Student nots legit o King . Any method ation ng age 18 Powerty. information Recgon Lemay Supreme Court LIBERAL I CONSERVATIVE For guaranteed income win Nixon Police 100 leneast capital Sick and aged Lindsay Tougher Russia Low cost public housing Kennedy Treat less fortunate Eisenhower Humphrey Johnson Sales tax fair PRO Expand space program ADMINISTRATION nation of attributes which discriminates most among the attributes is shown by relative position on each attri- products, maximizing an F-ratio of between-product to bute vector. For instance, Miller is perceived as being rithin-product variance. Then second and subsequent most popular with women, followed by Budweiser, veighted combinations are found which discriminate Schlitz, Hamms, and four unnamed, populariy priced maximally among products, within the constraint that beers. they all be uncorrelated with one another. Having de- As a second example, the same technique was applied termined as many discriminating dimensions as possible, to political data. During the weeks immediately preced- average scores can be used to plot products on each di- ing the 1968 presidential election. a questionnaire was mension. Distances between pairs of products in this sent to 1,000 Consumer Mail Panels households. Re- space reflect the amount of discrimination between spondents were asked to agree or disagree with each of them.¹ 35 political statements on a four-point scale. Topics Figure 1 shows such a space for the Chicago beer were Vietnam, law and order, welfare, and other issues market as perceived by members of Market Facts' Con- felt to be germane to current politics. Respondents also sumer Mail Panels in a pilot study, September 1968. described two preselected political figures, according to Approximately 500 male beer drinkers described 8 their perceptions of each figure's stand on each issue. brands of beer on each of 35 attributes. The data indi- Discriminant analysis indicated two major dimensions cated that a third sizable dimension also existed, but the accounting for 86% of the discrimination among 14 po- two dimensions pictured here account for approximately litical figures. 90% of discrimination among images of these 8 prod- The liberal VS. conservative dimension is apparent in ucts. the data, as shown in Figure 2. The remaining dimen- The location of each brand is indicated on these two sion apparently reflects perceived favorability of attitude major dimensions. The horizontal dimension contrasts toward government involvement in domestic and inter- premium quality on the right with popular price on the national matters. As in the beer space, it is only neces- left. The vertical dimension reflects relative lightness. sary to erect perpendiculars to each vector to observe In addition, the mean rating of each product on each of each political figure's relative position on each of the 1 McKeon [10] has shown that multiple discriminant analysis 35 issues. Additional details are in [5]. produces the same results as classic (inetric) multidimensional Multiple discriminant analysis is a major competitor scaling of Mahalanobis' distances based on the same data. of nonmetric multidimensional scaling in constructing 4 16 JOURNAL OF MARKETING RESEARCH, FEBRUARY 1971 product spaces. The principal assumptions which the Figure 4 former requires are that: (1) perceptions be homogene- DISTRIBUTION OF IDEAL POINTS IN PRODUCT SPACE ous across respondents, (2) attribute data be scaled at the interval level (equal intervals on rating scales), (3). attributes be linearly related to one another, and (4) amount of disagreement (error covariance matrix) be 8 Miller the same for each product. Only the first of these assumptions is required by most #5 #9 nonmetric methods. and some even relax that assump- #7 B 2 tion. However. the space provided by multiple discrimi- Ce # 3 Hamms nant analysis has the following useful properties: A 1. Given customary assumptions of multivariate nor- Schlitz D mality. there is a test of significance for distance Budweiser (dissimilarity) between any two products. rt 4 :: 1 2. Unlike nonmetric procedures, distances estimated among a collection of products do not depend upon whether or not additional products are included in the analysis. Any of the brands of beer or political figures could have been deleted from the examples and the remaining object locations would have had of ideal points at each region in space by using data on the same relationships to one another and to the whether a product has too much or too little of each at- attribute vectors. tribute. This procedure has not yet been fully explored. 3. The technique is reliable and well known, and solu- but at present seems to be appropriate to the multidi- tions are unique, since the technique cannot be mis- mensional case only when strong assumptions about the led by any local optimum. shape of the ideal point distribution are given. OBTAINING THE DISTRIBUTION OF The third approach is to have each person describe CONSUMERS' IDEAL POINTS his ideal product, with the same attributes and rating scales as for existing products. If multiple discriminant After constructing a product space, the next concern analysis has been used to obtain a product space. each is estimating consumer demand for a product located at person's ideal product can then be inserted in the same any particular point. The demand function over such a space. space is desired and can be approximated by one of There are considerable differences between an ideal several general approaches. point location inferred from a rank order of preference The first is to locate each person's ideal point in the and one obtained directly from an attribute rating. To region of the space implied by his rank ordered prefer- clarify matters. consider a single dimension. heaviness ences. His ideal point would be closest to the product he VS. lightness in beer. If a previous mapping has shown likes best, second closest to the product he likes second that Brands A. B. C. and D are equally spaced on this best. etc. There are several procedures which show one dimension, and if a respondent ranks his prefer- promise using this approach "2, 3. 7. 8, 12]. although ences as B. C, A. and D. then his ideal must lie closer difficulties remain in practical execution. This approach to B than to A or C and closer to C than to A. This nar- has trouble dealing with individuals who behave in a rows the feasible region for his ideal point down to the manner contrary to the basic assumptions of the model, area indicated in Figure 3. Had he stated a preference as when one chooses products first on the far left side of for A, with D second. there would be no logically corre- the space, second on the far right side, and third in the sponding position for his ideal point in the space. center. Most individuals giving rank orders of preference However, suppose these products have already been do display such nonmonotonicity to some extent. under- given the following scale positions on a heavy Hight di- standably producing problems for the application of mension: A = 1.0. B = 2.0. C = 3.0. and D = 4.0. If these techniques. a respondent unambiguously specifies his ideal on this The second approach involves deducing the number scale at 2.25. his ideal can be put directly on the scale, with no complexities. Of course. it does not follow nec- Figure 3 essarily that his stated rank order of preference will be A ONE-DIMENSIONAL PRODUCT SPACE predictable from the location of his ideal point. There is no logical reason why individuals must be Feasible clustered into market segments. Mathematically, one region can cop- with the case where hundreds or thousands of individual ideal points are each located in the space. Light Heavy However. it is much easier to approximate such distri- A 8 C D butions by clustering respondents into groups. Claster & MARKET SEGMENTATION: A STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT TOOL 17 Figure 5 VOTER SEGMENT POSITIONS RELATIVE TO POLITICAL FIGURES Carmichael REDUCE GOVT. INVOLVEMENT Wallace 2 S 7 6 King 5 McCarthy Reagan 3 1 Lemay Rock feller LIBERAL or CONSERVATIVE Percy c 0 Nixon Lindsay 4 8 Kennedy Eisenhower Humphrey Percent of Total Voters Cluster 18% Cluster 6 11% Johnson Cluster 2 14% Cluster 7 10% Cluster 3 14% Cluster 8 8% Cluster 4 13% C'uster S College Cluster 5 12% students, est. 5% INCREASE GOVT. INVOLVEMENT analysis [6] has been used with the present data to put election. Throughout the space, the percentage voting individuals into a few groups with relatively similar Republican increases generally from left to right. product desires (beer) or points of view (polities). It may be surprising that the center of the ideal points Figure 4 shows an approximati to the density dis- lies considerably to the right of that of the political fig- tribution of consumers' ideal points in the Chicago beer ures. One possible explanation is that this study dealt market, a "poor man's centour map." Ideal points solely with positions on issues, so matters of style or tended somewhat to group themselves (circles) into personality did not enter the definition of the space. It clusters. It is not implied that all ideal points lie within is entirely possible that members of clusters one and the circles, since they are really distributed to some ex- eight, the most liberal, found Nixon's position on issues tent throughout the entire space. Circle sizes indicate the approximately as attractive as Humphrey's. but they relative sizes of clusters, and the center of each is lo- voted for Humphrey on the basis of preference for style, cated at the center of its circle. personality, or political party. Likewise, members of A representation such as this contains much poten- cluster two might have voted strongly for Wallace, given hally useful marketing information. For instance, if peo- his position, but he received only 14% of this cluster's ple can be assumed to prefer products closer to their vote. He may have been rejected on the basis of other ideal points, there may be a ready market for a new qualities. The clusters are described in more detail in brand on the lower or "heavy" side of the space, approx- [5]. imately neutral in price/quality. Likewise, there may be A small experiment was undertaken to test the valid- opportunities for new brands in the upper middle re- ity of this model. Responses from a class of sociology gion, decidedly light and neutral in price/quality. Per- students in a western state university showed them to be haps popularly priced Brand A will have marketing more liberal and more for decreasing government in- problems, since this brand is closest to no cluster. volvement internationally than any of the eight voter Figure 5 shows a similar representation for the politi- clusters. Their position is close to McCarthy's, indicated cal space, where circles represent concentrations of by an "S." voters' points. These are not ideal points, but rather personally held positions on political issues. Clusters on STRATEGIC INTEGRATION OF FINDINGS the left side of the space intended to vote mostly for Having determined the position of products in a space Humphrey and those on the right for Nixon in the 1968 and seen where consumer ideal points are located. how CONFIDENTIAL TAB C DEMOGRAPHIC SELECTIVITY C I. Census Tract Characteristics Population 18-34 Population 18-44 Population 18-54 Population 18-64 Children 5 and under/households Children 6-13/households Children 14-19/households Owner Occ. housing units Renter Occ. housing units Families with members under 18 Negro occupied housing units Median Value Owner Occupied Median Contract Rent Family head husband/wife household/total households Negro owner OCC. Total owner OCC. Median FIND income II. Individual Voter Selectivity Within Tract Female Heads of Household Single Family Dwelling Units Multiple Family Dwelling Units 2 to 10 Units Multiple Family Dwelling Units over 10 Units Length of Residence Telephone Ownership Only Telephone and Auto Ownership Auto Ownership Only Tab D ST POST OFFICE COUNT ST POST OFFICE COUNT CA LA HABRA 13581 AL ANNISTON 12806 CA LAKEWOOD 25342 AL DESSEMER 18639 CA LA MESA 16235 AL BIRMINGHAM 132845 CA LANCASTER 12853 AL DECATUR 10366 CA LONG BEACH 126458 AL DOTHAN 9439 CA LOS ANGELES 552338 AL FLORENCE 9880 CA LYNWOOD 13030 AL GADSDEN 18171 CA MANHATTAN BCH 1,4314 AL HUNTSVILLE 40568 CA MENLO PARK 17664 AL MOBILE 67652 CA MODESTO 30437 AL MONTGONERY 40816 CA MONROVIA 10411 AL PHENIX CITY 6090 D CA MONTEBELLO 12294 AL SELMA 7770 CA MONTEREY PARK 13459 AL TUSCAL00SA 16772 CA MOUNTAIN VIEW 20677 AZ MESA 22358 CA NATIONAL CITY 10275 AZ PHOENIX 168976 CA NEWPORT BEACH 16924 AZ TUCSON 91436 CA N HOLLYWOOD 49367 AR EL DORADO 8723 CA NORWALK 22936 AR FORT SMITH 20041 CA OAKLAND 116773 AR H SPG NAT PK 11791 CA ONTARIO 18692 AR LITTLE ROCK 49606 CA ORANGE 23404 AR N LITTLE ROCK 22003 CA OXNARD 22748 AR PINE BLUFF 17693 CA PACOIMA 14753 AR TEXARKANA 6399 CA PALO ALTO 29003 CA ALAMEDA 19162 CA PARAMOUNT 8893 CA ALHAMBRA 22060 CA PASADENA 50966 CA ALTADENA 11453 CA PICO RIVERA 13201 CA ANAHEIM 49713 CA PONONA 27380 CA ARCADIA 18252 CA REDLANDS 13652 CA BAKERSFIELD 56274 CA REDONDO BEACH 27897 CA BELLFLOWER 16119 CA REDWOOD CITY 24737 CA BERKELEY 47040 CA RESEDA 14588 CA DEVERLY HILLS 16743 CA RICHMOND 40081 CA BUENA PARK 18449 CA RIVERSIDE 52766 CA BURBANK 30840 CA SACRAMENTO 123651 CA CANOGA PARK 26352 CA SALINAS 19211 CA CHULA VISTA 23672 CA SN BERNARDINO 42800 CA COMPTON 25979 CA SAN BRUNO 10742 CA CONCORD 33544 CA SAN DIEGO 192513 Ch COSTA MESA 21713 CA SAN FRANCISCO 228129 CA CULVER CITY 12079 CA SAN JOSE 136332 CA DALY CITY 20869 CA SAN LEANDRO 26258 CA DOWNEY 27147 CA SAN MATEO 31111 CA EL CAJON 21705 CA SAN PEDRO 22161 CA EL CERRITO 8811 CA SANTA ANA 58489 CA EUREKA 12342 CA SANTA BARBARA 37005 CA FREMONT 26298 CA SANTA CLARA 23221 CA FRESNO 77483 CA SANTA CRUZ 19980 CA FULLERTON 24400 CA SANTA MONICA 32380 CA GARDENA 25290 CA SANTA ROSA 29616 CA GARDEN GROVE 33572 CA SOUTH GATE 18357 CA GLENDALE 48146 CA S SN FRANCSCO 12397 CA HAUTHORNE 17964 CA STOCKTON 48030 CA HAYWARD 47786 CA SUNNYVALE 28765 CA HUNTINGTN PK 12976 CA TEMPLE CITY 9782 CA INGLEWOOD 34663 ii ST POST OFFICE COUNT ST POST OFFICE COUNT CA TORRANCE 44622 FL TAMPA 110919 CA VALLEJO 23354 FL W PALM BEACH 49177 CA VAN NUYS 72170 GA ALBANY 19430 CA VENICE 16951 GA ATHENS 14470 CA VENTURA 22193 GA ATLANTA 241855 CA WEST COVINA 17723 GA AUGUSTA 39298 CA WESTMINSTER 15031 GA COLUMBUS 42596 CA WHITTIER 46467 GA MACON 36171 CA WILMINGTON 14284 GA MARIETTA 15686 CO AURORA 20111 GA ROME 13249 CO BOULDER 20733 GA SAVANNAH 47594 CO COLORADO SPG 52672 GA VALDOSTA 9575 CO DENVER 216120 ID BOISIE 28667 w CO ENGLEWOOD 14169 ID IDAHO FALLS 11741 CO FT COLLINS 13334 ID POCATELLO 11562 CO GREELEY 13415 IL ALTON 13153 CO PUEBLO 28307 IL ARLINGTON HTS 28699 CT BRIDGEPORT 56034 IL AURORA 21780 CT BRISTOL 15244 IL BELLEVILLE 22025 CT FAIRFIELD 12909 IL BERWYN 18449 CT GREENWICH 7842 IL BLOOMINGTON 12544 CT HARTFORD 100312 IL CALUMET CITY 8809 CT MANCHESTER 14772 IL CHAMPAIGN 21093 CT MERIDEN 16440 IL CHICAGO 844871 CT MIDDLETOWN 9421 IL CHICAGO HTS 14561 CT MILFORD 12750 IL DANVILLE 16909 CT NEW BRITAIN 24419 IL DECATUR 31351 CT NEW HAVEN 82097 IL DES PLAINES 23938 CT NEW LONDON 9055 IL E ST LOUIS 31959 CT NORWALK 19726 IL ELGIN 17520 CT NORWICH 9493 IL ELMHURST 14661 CT STANFORD 32540 IL EVANSTON 26598 CT STRATFORD 15411 IL FREEPORT 9119 CT TORRINGTON 9535 IL GALESBURG 11529 CT WALLINGFORD 9735 IL GRANITE CITY 14382 CT WATERBURY 34642 IL HARVEY 13871 DC WASHINGTON SESEDE IL HIGHLAND PARK 8828 DE WILMINGTON 71111 IL JOLIET 31663 FL CLEARWATER 33734 IL KANKAKEE 10249 FL DAYTONA BEACH 25090 IL MAYWOOD 13762 FL FT LAUDERDALE 104795 IL MOLINE 17036 FL FORT PIERCE 12159 IL MONTGOMERY 4214 FL GAINESVILLE 23800 IL OAKLAWN 31012 FL HIALEAH 30458 IL OAK PARK 22847 FL HOLLYWOOD 55361 IL PARK FOREST 8880 FL JACKSONVILLE 132983 IL PARK RIDGE 12391 FL KEY WEST 7466 IL PEKIN 11853 FL LAKELAND 20162 IL PEORIA 59129 FL MIAMI 317318 IL QUINCY 14427 FL ORLANDO 69173 IL ROCKFORD 61596 FL PANAMA CITY 15549 IL ROCK ISLAND 15825 FL PENSACOLA 44413 IL SKOKIE 18426 FL ST PETERSBURG 109742 IL SPRINGFIELD 39563 FL SARASOTA 38361 IL URBANA 12050 FL TALLAHASSEE 22944 IL WAUKEGAN 19738 iii ST POST OFFICE COUNT ST POST OFFICE COUNT IL WILMETTE 9275 LA MONROE 19674 IN ANDERSON 26111 LA NEW IBERIA 8808 IN BLOOMINGTON 18197 LA NEW ORLEANS 175221 IN EAST CHICAGO 10822 LA SHREVEPORT 61975 IN ELKHART 19900 ME BANGOR 8868 IN EVANSVILLE 50976 ME LEWISTON 10131 IN FORT WAYNE 70317 ME PORTLAND 30206 IN GARY 60465 MD BALTIMORE 357442 IN HAMMOND 37696 MD CUMBERLAND 10679 IN INDIANAPOLIS 234754 MD HAGERSTOWN 15646 IN кокопо 20035 MD ROCKVILLE 31544 IN LAFAYETTE 23304 MD SILVER SPRING 59892 IN MARION 14385 MA ATTLEBORO 8641 IN MICHIGAN CITY 13663 MA BEVERLY 10710 IN MISHAWAKA 13465 MA BOSTON CENTRL 270700 IN MUNCIE 25904 MA BOSTON NORTH 68915 IN NEW ALBANY 13186 MA BOSTON SOUTH 60076 IN RICHMOND 15753 MA BOSTON WEST 111002 IN SOUTH BEND 50384 MA BROCKTON 24994 IN TERRE HAUTE 26932 MA BURLINGTON 5354 1A AMES 11509 NA CHICOPEE 17129 1A BURLINGTON 10856 MA FALL RIVER 30616 IA CEDAR RAPIDS 36483 MA FITCHBURG 13104 IA CLINTON 10606 MA FRAMINGHAM 17375 IA COUNCIL BLF 19216 MA GLOUCESTER 8116 IA DAVENPORT 29696 MA HAVERHILL 14445 1A DES MOINES 79735 MA HOLYOKE 13532 IA DUBUQUE 18469 MA LAWRENCE 33123 IA FORT DODGE 9485 MA LEOMINSTER 8340 IA TOWA CITY 16409 MA LOWELL 25949 1A MASON CITY. 10729 MA LYNN 38240 IA OTTUMWA 10154 MA NATICK 8859 IA STOUX CITY 26664 MA NEW BEDFORD 35316 IA WATERL00 26003 MA NORTHAMPTON 6731 KS HUTCHINSON 14410 MA PEASODY 13115 KS KANSAS CITY 51909 MA PITTSFIELD 17413 KS LAWRENCE 14705 MA SALEM 11303 KS SALINA 13001 MA SPRINGFIELD 50443 KS SHAWNEE MSN 59564 MA TAUNTON 10945 KS TOPEKA 44056 MA WESTFIELD 7724 KS WICHITA 97539 MA WOBURN 10191 KY ASHLAND 11515 MA WORCESTER 49341 KY BOWLING GREEN 10263 MI ALLEN PARK 11699 KY COVINGTON 33182 MI ANN ARBOR 38152 KY LEXINGTON 47798 MI BATTLE CREEK 24500 KY LOUISVILLE 188740 111 BAY CITY 23042 KY NEWPORT 21255 MI BIRMINGHAM 21819 KY OWENSBORO 17749 MI DEARBORN 44028 KY PADUCAH 12145 MI DEARBORN HTS 13945 LA ALEXANDRIA 17747 MI DETROIT 517367 LA BATON ROUGE 72965 MI EAST DETROIT 13158 LA BOSSIER CITY 11542 MI EAST LANSING 13561 LA LAFAYETTE 22593 MI FLINT 83903 LA LAKE CHARLES 24165 MI GARDEN CITY 10676 LA METAIRIE 39477 MI GRAND RAPIDS 94927 iv ST POST OFFICE COUNT ST POST OFFICE COUNT MI HAZEL PARK- 7111 NH PORTSMOUTH 5908 MI INKSTER 11402 NJ ATLANTIC CITY 23569 MI JACKSON 23980 NJ BAYONNE 17526 MI KALAMAZOO 43853 NJ BERGENFIELD 8182 MI LANSING 49428 NJ BLOOMFIELD 15472 MI LINCOLN PARK 15714 NJ CAMDEN 52802 MI LIVONIA 28551 NJ CLIFTON 24665 MI MIDLAND 11236 NJ CRANFORD 7952 MI MUSKEGON 34604 NJ EAST ORANGE 21105 MI PONTIAC 41035 NJ ELIZABETH 46993 MI PORT HURON 16867 NJ ENGLEWOOD 9668 MI ROSEVILLE 16280 NJ FAIR LAWN 13206 MI ROYAL OAK 49388 NJ GARFIELD 7911 MI ST CLAIR SHRS 25205 NJ HACKENSACK 25272 MI SAGINAU 45120 NJ HOBOKEN 7472 ni SOUTHFIELD 21342 NJ JERSEY CITY 53234 MI TAYLOR 18992 NJ KEARNY 15537 MI WARREN 49238 NJ LINDEN 12170 MI WYANDOTTE 24688 NJ LONG BRANCH 9699 MN AUSTIN 8915 NJ MONTCLAIR 17996 NN DULUTH 35708 NJ NEWARK 106032 MN MINNEAPOLIS 299436 NJ NEW BRUNSWICK MN ROCHESTER 18444 NJ NORTH BERGEN 12571 MN SAINT PAUL 161208 NJ ORANGE 21397 MN ST CLOUD 11782 NJ PASSAIC 15035 MS BILOXI 11249 NJ PATERSON 48424 MS GREENVILLE 10559 NJ PERTH AMBOY 15255 MS GULFPORT 12858 NJ PLAINFIELD 23533 MS HATTIESBURG 9826 NJ RAHWAY 19568 MS JACKSON 56494 NJ RIDGEWOOD 12153 MS LAUREL 7227 NJ TEANECK 13052 MS MERIDIAN 13439 NJ TRENTON 64394 MS VICKSBURG 7714 NJ UNION 16191 MO COLUMBIA 15010 NJ UNION CITY 15558 MO FLORISSANT 25359 NJ VINELAND 9818 MO INDEPENDENCE 36755 NJ WAYNE 13124 MO JEFFERSON CY 10061 NJ WESTFIELD 13419 MO JOPLIN 14668 NJ WEST NEW YORK 10429 MO KANSAS CITY 174915 NM ALBUQUERQUE 76167 no SAINT JOSEPH 25168 NM CARLSBAD 7064 MO ST LOUIS 371943 NM HOBBS 7420 MO SAINT JOSEPH 25325 NM LAS CRUCES 10350 MO SPRINGFIELD 38008 NM ROSWELL 9685 MT BILLINGS 22653 NM SANTA FE 9981 MT BUTTE 12683 NY ALBANY 47652 MT GREAT FALLS 20115 NY AMSTERDAM 8195 MT MISSOULA 12619 NY AUSURN 10778 NE GRAND ISLAND 11086 NY BALDWIN 10802 NE LINCOLN 48937 NY BINGHAMTON 25770 NE OMAHA 124772 NY BRONX 314934 NV LAS VEGAS 47283 NY BROOKLYN 621212 NV RENO 26763 NY BUFFALO 228885 NH CONCORD 8633 NY ELMIRA 18505 NH MANCHESTER 28441 NY FAR ROCKAWAY 32446 NH NASHUA 14569 NY FLORAL PARK 23393 ST POST OFFICE COUNT ST POST OFFICE COUr NY FLUSHING 275071 OH BARBERTON 15059 NY FRANKLIN SQ 7700 OH CANTON 65150 NY FREEPORT 11817 OH CINCINNATI 263124 NY HEMPSTEAD 36458 OH CLEVELAND 519336 NY HICKSVILLE 22670 OH COLUMBUS 216064 NY ITHACA 12872 OH CUYAHOGA FLS 23567 NY JAMAICA 176629 OH DAYTON 168079 NY JAMESTOWN 13677 OH ELYRIA 22337 NY KINGSTON 9031 OH FINDLAY 12189 NY LEVITTOWN 13495 OH HAMILTON 29533 NY LOCKPORT 10067 OH LANCASTER 10808 NY LONG DEACH 13684 OH LIMA 25299 NY LONG IS CY 58012 OH LORAIN 26919 NY MASSAPEQUA 1 16252 OH MANSFIELD 25255 NY MOUNT VERNON 20165 OH MARION 14089 NY NEWBURGH 11695 OH MASSILLON 15302 NY NEW ROCHELLE 85758 OH MIDDLETOWN 17674 NY NEW YORK 466688 OH NEWARK 16637 NY NIAGARA FALLS 29274 OH PORTSMOUTH 12258 NY N TONAWANDA 11678 OH SANDUSKY 13521 NY POUGHKEEPSIE 18554 OH SPRINGFIELD 33930 NY ROCHESTER 164846 OH STEUBENVILLE 11465 NY ROCKVILLE CTR 19261 OH TOLEDO 128723 NY ROME 11097 OH WARREN 25857 NY SCHENECTADY 48778 OH YOUNGSTOWN 71633 NY STATEN ISLAND 75501 OH ZANESVILLE 14266 NY SYRACUSE 86707 OK BARTLESVILLE 10971 NY TROY 22408 OK ENID 14984 NY UTICA 27965 OK LAWTON 22768 NY VALLEY STREAM 18667 OK MUSKOGEE 13159 NY WANTASH 10141 OK NORMAN 14023 NY WATERTOWN 9604 OK OKLAHOMA CITY 155104 NY WHITE PLAINS 23250 OK TULSA 119422 NY YONKERS 68714 OR EUGENE 37775 NC ASHEVILLE 22629 OR PORTLAND 220016 NC BURLINGTON 11932 OR SALEM 34031 NC CHARLOTTE 85361 PA ALIQUIPPA 11204 NC DURHAM 31,944 PA ALLENTOWN 40883 NC FAYETTEVILLE 29096 PA ALTOONA 22208 NC GASTONIA 17565 PA BETHLEHEM 27185 NC GOLDSBORO 10533 PA CHESTER 27049 NC GREENSBORO 45106 PA EASTON 17589 NC HIGH POINT 20448 PA ERIE 53535 NC KANNAPOLIS 7952 PA HARRISBURG 44323 NC RALEIGH 40546 PA HAZLETON 12458 NC ROCKY MOUNT 10783 PA JOHNSTOWN 27805 NC WILMINGTON 19681 PA LANCASTER 33213 NC WILSON 7947 PA LEBANON 14171 NC WINSTON SALEM 44864 PA LEVITTOWN 19563 ND DISMARCK 10315 PA MCKEESPORT 20381 ND FARGO 16267 PA NEW CASTLE 18546 ND GRAND FORKS 11083 PA NORRISTOWN 29716 ND MINOT 8981 PA PHILADELPHIA 523485 OH AKRON 106818 PA PITTSBURGH 302301 OH ALLIANCE 10149 PA POTTSTOWN 10735 vi ST POST OFFICE COUNT ST POST OFFICE COUNT PA READING 52445 TX ORANGE 9A09 PA SCRANTON 45815 TX PAMPA 7781 PA SHARON 10292 TX PASADENA 24478 PA WILKES BARRE 44746 TX PORT ARTHUR 18782 PA WILLIAMSPORT 17641 TX SAN ANGELO 19436 PA YORK 34987 TX SAN ANTONIO 195855 RI NEWPORT 12583 TX TEMPLE 9649 RI PAUTUCKET 36319 TX TEXARKANA 9703 RI PROVIDENCE 98127 TX TEXAS CITY 8565 RI WARWICK 22617 TX TYLER 17937 RI WOONSOCKET 14522 TX VICTORIA 10663 SC ANDERSON 12712 TX WACO 36754 SC CHARLESTON 44464 TX WICHITA FALLS 27463 SC COLUMBIA 50202 UT OGDEN 29581 SC GREENVILLE 41212 UT PROVO 12759 SC ROCK HILL 9642 UT SALT LAKE CY 113971 SC SPARTANBURG 19453 VT BURLINGTON 14747 SD RAPID CITY 13633 VA ALEXANDRIA 68834 SD STOUX FALLS 23161 VA ARLINGTON 64846 TN CHATTANOOGA 56704 VA CHARLOTTESVL 14196 TN JACKSON 12457 VA CHESAPEAKE 20194 TN JOHNSON CITY 10216 VA DANVILLE 15484 TN KINGSPORT 15837 VA HAMPTON 32483 TN KNOXVILLE 56455 VA LYNCHBURG 18758 TN MEMPHIS 180385 VA NEWPORT NEWS 34287 TN NASHVILLE 108241 VA NORFOLK 70006 TN OAK RIDGE 9404 VA PETERSBURG 11327 VA PORTSMOUTH 29514 TX ABILENE 24802 TX AMARILLO 41461 VA RICHMOND 122200 TX ARLINGTON 27371 VA ROANOKE 39827 TX AUSTIN 91297 WA BELLINGHAM 15504 TX BAYTOWN 14535 WA BREMERTON 14681 TX BEAUMONT 35840 WA EVERETT 21778 TX BIG SPRING 8595 WA SEATTLE 257027 TX BROWNSVILLE 10683 WA SPOKANE 73233 TX BRYAN 9504 WA TACONA 85002 TX CORPUS CHRSTI 54722 WA VANCOUVER 28259 TX DALLAS 285027 WA YAKIMA 23540 TX DENTON 9972 WV CHARLESTON 36555 TX EL PASO 78588 WV CLARKSBURG 9809 TX FORT WORTH 155640 WV FAIRMONT 9261 TX GALVESTON 19209 WV HUNTINGTON 26849 TX GARLAND 22190 WV PARKERSBURG 18960 TX GRAND PRAIRIE 13589 WV WHEELING 16472 TX HARLINGEN 7706 WI APPLETON 18217 TX HOUSTON 401707 W1 BELOIT 13664 TX IRVING 26858 01 EAU CLAIRE 14263 TX KINGSVILLE 7208 WI FOND DU LAC 12434 TX LAREDO 13646 WI GREEN BAY 30141 TX LONGVIEW 15009 WI JANESVILLE 13666 TX LUBBOCK 46791 WI KENOSHA 26769 TX MCALLEN 9552 WI LA CROSSE 17774 TX MESQUITE 16788 WI MADISON 65369 TX MIDLAND 18469 WI MANITOWOC 10395 TX ODESSA 24761 WI MILWAUKEE 291405 vii ST POST OFFICE COUNT WI OSHKOSH 17782 WI RACINE 35241 WI SHEBOYGAN 16775 WI SUPERIOR 10116 01 WAUKESHA 13624 WI WAUSAU 12892 WY CASPER 14097 WY CHEYENNE 1,4913 CONFIDENTIAL "FILTERING" OF POLITICAL MESSAGE TO UNCOMMITTED VOTES THROUGH TWO MEDIA % Total Potential Television Commercial Media Audience Cumulative % (a) Percent of market watching program 25% 25% (b) Percent of viewers of voting age 80% 80 X 25 = 20% (c) Percent (a) and (b) who are registered and likely to vote 65% 65 X 20 = 13% (d) Percent of (a), (b) and (c) who are not strongly committed and therefore susceptible to media influence on their vote 30% 30 X 13 = 4% Direct Mail - (a) Percent of letters deliverable 85% 85% (b) Percent who will read the message 70%* 70 X 85 = 60% (c) Percent of (a) and (b) of voting age 100%** 100 X 60 = 60% (d) Percent of (a) (b) and (c) who are registered and likely to vote 80%** 80 X 60 = 48% (e) Percent of (a) through (d) who are not strongly committed and therefore are susceptible to direct mail influence on their vote 60% 60 X 48 = 29% *Based on post-election survey results by DMI covering, certain 1970 statewide and congressional races in California, New York, Minnesota, North Dakota, Texas, Utah, Wyoming, Kansas, New Mexico, and Wisconsin. **Assuming names and addresses taken from list~ of registered voters. Committee for the Re-election of the President M. ORANDUM March 28, 1972 MEMORANDUM FOR: ROBERT MORGAN FROM: JAMES W. McCORD SUBJECT: Reuben H. Donnelley Corporation, Oak Brook, Illinois Security Summary On March 22, 1972, a security survey was made of the Donnelley Corporation facility at Oak Brook, Illinois. The overall security of this facility, which encompasses 220,000 square feet under one' roof and employs 276 people, was found to be excellent. Certain recommendations are made below which in the overall security picture are minor in nature, but which will strengthen the security of the facility. When these changes are made the total security of the facility will be upgraded to the point where it would likely meet the standards of a facility clearance under the industrial security program of the Department of Defense and other Federal agencies. Details The survey made encompassed physical security, personnel access and security measures, technical security (alarm systems), key control and compartment of operations. Physical Security The Donnelley Corporation employs a 24 hour guard service on contract to protect the facility at Oak Brook, Illinois. Performance by these security guards has been good, the Donnelley Corporation advised. The Corporation also utilizes an employee security pass of two types. One is a temporary pass and the second for longer term use. Samples are attached as Tab A. The front doors are alarmed by a tape alarm system and the guard controls of the facility utilize the Detex clock punch system. -2- Loading docks in general provide isolation of drivers from merchandise of value stored within the facility and the drivers do not have free access to the facility. Main access doors appear adequate in construction to prevent unauthorized access. The reception room is a controlled area in which the telephone operators require visitors to register and then arrange an escort for them through the plant. The internal layout of the facility is neat, clean and clear of obstructions. The various job orders under production are compartmentalized and goods of value are stored in fence areas under lock and key. Keys to these areas are strictly limited to a few people who must have access for operational and administrative reasons. Fire Prevention and Safety The facility is protected by a sprinkler system, by fire extinguishers which were recently tested, by fire bells and by a fire warden system for use in evacuating the building in case of fire or other hazardous conditions. Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 sets forth stringent requirements for all industries to insure that the plant or facility be free of safety and health hazards. Such hazards may include electrical wiring so laid out as to create a hazard, corridors being blocked, hazardous chemicals in the air, etc. A complaint from an employee to the Labor Department can bring a no-notice inspection by the Labor Department to determine if a plant has met the requirements of this act. A further description of the act is set forth in attachment B. Normally a survey, called a pre-inspection survey, would be made of a plant or facility to determine if it is in compliance with the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970. A review of the Donnelley facility indicates that such a survey is not needed at this time because of the excellent conditions prevailing in the overall protection of the safety and health of the employees located there. Protection of Magnetic Tapes The work being done for the Committee for the Re-election of the President is performed almost exclusively in compartmen- talized areas. In addition the magnetic tapes of the Corporation are stored in a separate secure area where access -3- is carefully controlled and unauthorized persons are not allowed entry. This area is also under lock and key and fire prevention measures are in effect in this area. Personnel Security The Corporation at Oak Brook has an extremely low turnover rate and has a large number of employees who have been with the Corporation 10, 15, 20 and even 25 years. Through a reduction in force a short time back a number of employees had to be laid off and certain marginal employees were included in that layoff. Inventory shrinkage from internal theft has been minimal, they advise, and the overall conditions observed at the plant would confirm this state- ment. Through the years the management has been able to confirm the reliability and trustworthiness of the employees and they advise that they have no problems at the present time which would appear to threaten the security of the Committee's work being performed there. Security Environment The security environment of the facility is excellent. It is located in a suburban industrial area out away from a high crime locale. Employee parking is adequate. Access is available by main thoroughfares nearby to other parts of the city of Chicago and its suburbs. Police protection is reported to be quite adequate. Exterior lighting of the facility appears adequate and there has not been a history of major problems involving unauthorized persons secking entry to the plant from the nearby areas. From a security standpoint, it is believed that a better location could not be found for the particular operation involving the Committee's project. Recommendations The recommendations set forth below will enhance the overall security of the Donnelley Corporation facility at Oak Brook and the costs involved in these measures are minimal: 1. A small I.D. (identification emblem) is recommended for the approximately 40 people involved in the Committee's project at the facility. This emblem would permit ready identification within the compartmented areas and the plant itself of those personnel authorized to be in the areas where the Committee's project is being handled. 2. For the two safe cabinets which contain correspondence from Committee headquarters in Washington and cer- tain other sensitive documents, it is recommended that a bar and combination lock be installed which would provide adequate after hours protection. -4- 3. It is recommended that the majority of the locks, including those to the main doors, the key offices and certain other key areas, be re-keyed as soon as possible. 4. It is recommended that a list of personnel working on the Committee project be forwarded to the Committee headquarters in Washington. This list would serve as the access list reflecting those who are authorized to have access to Committee materials under production at Oak Brook. 5. Because of the history of bomb threats and in some instances bombings which have occurred elsewhere in the country targeting Republican headquarters and in New Hampshire threatening the Committee's headquarters, it is recommended that a written bomb threat operating procedure be drawn up. This written procedure would indicate what key officials need to be notified in case of a bomb threat and what steps should be taken to protect the lives of the personnel at the plant should a bomb threat or attempted bombing occur. A sample format will be forwarded by the writer for Oak Brook's use. 6. It is recommended that at the next visit by the writer in approximately 60 days an audio counter- measure inspection be made of the key offices and meeting rooms in the facility. Attachments NEW HAMPSHIRE COMMITTEE FOR THE RE-ELLICTION OF THE PRESIDENT New Hampshire Highway Hotel / Concord, New Hampshire 03301 Phone (603) 224-7411 Lane Dwinell-Chairman Mrs Bedford Spautding--Assistant Chairman G. Allan Walker, Jr.-Executive Director Dear Fellow Republican: President Richard Nixon is a courageous and effective leader--he has proven himself to be the right man for these difficult times. I hardly need to remind you of the importance of the New Hampshire primary. We are the first in the country, and as a result, we must recognize our special responsibility, and the broad national influence of our votes. G America needs President Nixon . and the President needs you. I ask you to fill out the attached volunteer card and send it in to me today. Let us show him, and America, our tremendous support. Sincerely, Lane Dwinell Volunteer Card I WANT TO SUPPORT THE PRESIDENT IN THIS WAY: I want to do telephone campaigning. Telephone I want to do door to door campaigning. & Signature I want to work in a Headquarter office. I cannot personally volunteer but my contribution of $ is enclosed. NEW HAMPSHIRE COMMITTEE FOR THE RE-ELECTION OF THE PRESIDENT New Hampshire Highway Hotel Concord, New Hampshire 03301 Second New Hampshire Mailing of NEW HAMPSHIRE COMMITTEE FOR THE RE-ELECTION OF THE PRESIDENT New Hampshire Highway Hotel / Concord, New Hampshire 03301 Phone (603) 224-7411 Lane Dwinell-Chairman Mrs. Bedford Spaulding-Assistant Chairman G. Allan Walker, Jr Executive Director Mr. ε Mrs. Noel Kenyon Belmont, NH 03220 Dear Mr. ε Mrs. Kenyon: On March 7th the results of our primary will be flashed across America and transmitted to the world. This is our opportunity to show the nation our support for President Nixon. And he has earned it. It was four years ago that the strong backing we gave Richard Nixon started him on the way to the Presidency. He has not failed US. His record is one of courage and action as the enclosed brochure so aptly points out. NOW once again he needs our help. Let us demonstrate this to our fellow Americans by enthusi astically supporting him, and casting the first votes to re- elect the President on March 7th. Sincerely, lane Anvinall LD:jem Lane Dwinell Older Americans: The President has developed a comprehensive strategy for meeting the needs of the Nation's elderly, including a one third increase in RE- Social Security benefits, programs to enable more of the elderly to live in their own homes, improved health and nursing home care, and increases in employment ELECT and volunteer service opportunities. Revenue Sharing: He has proposed that the flow THE of power away from locally elected officials to the Washington bureaucracy be reversed through the sharing of Federal tax revenues with state and local PRESIDENT governments. Health Care: President Nixon has provided far- reaching programs to make health care available to every American and has pledged his administration to an all out effort to eliminate cancer and sickle cell anemia. Drugs: He has moved forcefully to curb narcotics by greatly expanding the law enforcement manpower dedicated to stopping the traffic, and negotiating the end of opium production in Turkey. He has created a White House Special Action Office to develop and coordinate a national drug rehabilitation program. Foreign Policy: The President has taken bold initiatives in world affairs in his quest for a full generation of peace. He has ended crisis diplomacy and opened negotiations to limit nuclear weapons. By implementing the principles of the Nixon Doctrine, he has fostered more self-reliance among our allies. HE NEEDS YOUR HELP! Finance Committee for the Re-election of President Nixon Hugh Sloan, Jr., Chairman 1701 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20006 A record of courage and action: Vietnam: The President has laid the foundations for a lasting peace in Southeast Asia by preparing the South Vietnamese to resist aggression and determine their own future. By years end, he had cut the number of American troops to one-quarter of what it was when he took office. The Economy: When President Nixon took office inflation was raging. Americans were receiving higher wages, but these were being consumed by a rate of inflation with little parallel in modern American history. The President took bold economic steps, including a 90 day freeze on wages and prices, and a comprehensive system of anti-inflation controls. Major tax changes were proposed and enacted. An historic agreement was reached on a realignment of currency rates. These courageous actions to hold the line on prices, create new jobs and improve the competitive position for business and workers in foreign markets, will benefit all Americans. Welfare Reform: He has proposed sweeping changes in the present welfare system to provide training and work incentives, to prevent the break-up of families, and ultimately to relieve the growing burden on the taxpayers. The Environment: President Nixon has created the Environmental Protection Agency to coordinate his tough new Federal programs to upgrade air and water quality, restrict misuse of harmful pesticides, reduce the problem of solid waste disposal, and administer the new standards to climatic radiation and noise pollution. Young Americans: He has moved toward the goal of an All-Volunteer Army and has overhauled the Selective Service System to eliminate inequities. He supported and signed the law giving the vote to 18-year olds. NEW HAMPSHIRE COMMITTEE FOR THE RE-ELECTION OF THE PRESIDENT New Hampshire Highway Hotel Concord, New Hampshire 03301 Third New Hampshire Mailing NEW HAMPSHIRE COMMITTEE FOR THE RE-ELECTION OF THE PRESIDENT New Hampshire Highway Hotel / Concord, New Hampshire 03301 Phone (603) 224-7411 Lane Dwinell-Chairman Mrs. Bedford Spaulding-Assistant Chairman G. Allan Walker, r.-Executive Director Mr. & Mrs. W. Berry Meredith, NH 03253 Dear Mr. ε Mrs. Berry: Your votes this year in the New Hampshire primary will be more important than ever before. Because, Tuesday evening, the entire nation's attention will be focused on our state, waiting for the results and watching to see how we support President Nixon. On March 7th, please carry one of the enclosed sample bal- lots and have your spouse carry the other to the voting booth to remind you of those delegates pledged to President Nixon and let your ballots speak to America. Sincerely, LD:jen Lane Dwinell For Delegates At Large: For Alternate Delegates At Large: For District Delegates: Vote for not more than Ten: Vote for not more than Ten: Vote for not more than Two: CANDIDATE OF THE DONALD E. BARRON, Salem JOSEPH J. ACORACE, Manchester X RICHARD FERDINANDO, Manchester FAVORABLE TO THE NOMINATION OF REPUBLICAN PARTY PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PAUL N. McCLOSKEY, JR., for President RICHARD NIXON, for President RICHARD NIXON, for President ROBERT P. BASS, JR., Concord MEREDITH ALEXANDER, Concord RUTH L. GRIFFIN, Portsmouth PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF RICHARD NIXON, for President AUSTIN BURTON, for President RICHARD NIXON, for President FOR VIRGINIA V. BECK, Concord MARIE A. BAKER, Goffstown PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF X JOHN R. MAHER, Portsmouth PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF RICHARD NIXON, for President PAUL N. McCLOSKEY, JR., for President AUSTIN BURTON, for President PRESIDENT JOHN A. BECKETT, Durham JOHN R. BRADSHAW, Nelson X LINDA A. MAIN, Portsmouth PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PAUL N. McCLOSKEY, JR., for President RICHARD NIXON, for President JOHN M. ASHBROOK, for President KIMBERLY BELIVEAU, Dover WEBSTER E. BRIDGES, JR., Brookline BRUCE M. OWEN, Manchester OF THE UNITED STATES PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF X PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF AUSTIN BURTON, for President RICHARD NIXON, for President PATRICK PAULSEN, for President GAIL ANN BESHARA, Salem JEFFREY BROWN, Candia ELISABETH ANNE PRAY, Rochester PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF AUSTIN BURTON, for President PAUL N. McCLOSKEY, JR., for President AUSTIN BURTON, for President HORACE S. BLOOD, Concord STANLEY M. BROWN, Bradford FAVORABLE TO THE NOMINATION OF X GEORGE B. ROBERTS, JR., Gilmanton I HEREBY DECLARE MY PREFER- PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF ENCE FOR CANDIDATE FOR THE RICHARD NIXON. for President RICHARD NIXON, for President RICHARD NIXON, for President OFFICE OF PRESIDENT OF THE RICHARD BRADLEY, Thornton GEORGE T. BUTLER, Holderness JANE ROY, Manchester UNITED STATES TO BE AS FOL- PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF JOHN M. ASHBROOK, for President PAUL N. McCLOSKEY, JR., for President AUSTIN BURTON, for President LOWS: JOHN F. BRIDGES, Bedford CHARLOTTE P. COGSWELL, Dover FAVORABLE TO THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF RICHARD NIXON, for President X GEORGE SIDERIS, Manchester FAVORABLE TO THE NOMINATION OF RICHARD NIXON, for President RICHARD NIXON, for President RICHARD P. BROUILLARD, Laconia DEEN COLLINS, Lee NORMAN H. STAHL, Bedford JOHN M. ASHBROOK PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF RICHARD NIXON, for President AUSTIN BURTON, for President PAUL N. McCLOSKEY, JR., for President SARAH L. BROWNING, Manchester X SONJA M. DION, Loudon JOHN B. TARRANT, Manchester PAUL N. McCLOSKEY, JR. PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF RICHARD NIXON, for President AUSTIN BURTON, for President JOHN M. ASHBROOK, for President A. MARION BURTON, Concord ALAN W. DOHERTY, Hill RICHARD NIXON PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF X AUSTIN BURTON, for President PAUL N. McCLOSKEY, JR., for President LIONEL A. CARON, Rochester EILEEN DORE, Tilton PATRICK PAULSEN PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE COMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF JOHN M. ASHBROOK, for President AUSTIN BURTON, for President JOHN P. H. CHANDLER, JR., Warner X LINDA DUTTON, Canterbury PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF RICHARD NIXON, for President AUSTIN BURTON, for President MARJORIE P. COLONY, Harrisville MARTIN R. HALLER, Concord PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PAUL N. McCLOSKEY, JR., for President PAUL N. McCLOSKEY, JR., for President CLYDE R. COOLIDGE, Somersworth X RICHARD D. HANSON, Bow X PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF RICHARD NIXON, for President RICHARD NIXON, for President SHARON J. CUTLER, Exeter LYLE E. HERSOM, Northumberland PLEDGED TO VOTE OR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF X AUSTIN BURTON, for President RICHARD NIXON, for President THOMAS J. DALE, Nashua CONNIE HICKEY, Laconia FAVORABLE TO THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF RICHARD NIXON, for President AUSTIN BURTON, for President LANE DWINELL, Lebanon X ARTHUR W. HOOVER, Rochester CANDIDATE OF THE PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF RICHARD NIXON, for President PAUL N. McCLOSKEY, JR., for President CHARLES H. GAY, Derry JAMES O. HORRIGAN, Durham REPUBLICAN PARTY FAVORABLE TO THE NOMINATION OF RICHARD NIXON, for President ANNE B. GORDON, Jaffrey X WILLIAM R. HOSEK, Dover For Alternate District Delegates: PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF FAVORABLE TO THE NOMINATION OF FOR RICHARD NIXON, for President RICHARD NIXON, for President Vote for not more than Two: GEORGE E. GORDON III, Pembroke J. RICHARD JACKMAN, Concord PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF JOHN M. ASHBROOK, for President PAUL N. McCLOSKEY, JR., for President BONNIE AVERY, Pittsfield VICE PRESIDENT PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF BATRICIA A GRAY Concord RITA LESNYK, Goffstown AUSTIN BURTON, for President PATRICIA A. GRAY, Concord RITA LESNYK, Goffstown AUSTIN BURTON, for President PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF AUSTIN BURTON, for President ALBERT E. BARCOMB, Rochester AUSTIN BURTON, for President PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF X OF THE UNITED STATES BARBARA E. HENDERSON, Concord ARTHUR J. LOCKE, Hooksett RICHARD NIXON, for President PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF JOHN M. ASHBROOK, for President JOHN M. ASHBROOK, for President H. ALFRED CASASSA, Hampton PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF ROBERT E. HOOD, Laconia GLORIA MANDEVILLE, Bedford RICHARD NIXON, for President PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF FAVORABLE TO THE NOMINATION OF RICHARD NIXON, for President STEPHEN M. DUPREY, Conway JOHN M. ASHBROOK, for President PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF I HEREBY DECLARE MY PREFER- JUDITH HOWARD, Derry ANTHONY A. McMANUS, Dover PAUL N. McCLOSKEY, JR., for President ENCE FOR CANDIDATE FOR THE PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PAUL N. McCLOSKEY, JR., for President RUTH C. EMERSON, Pittsfield AUSTIN BURTON, for President OFFICE OF VICE PRESIDENT OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF RICHARD E. HOWARD, Hillsborough JOHN T. B. MUDGE, Lyme AUSTIN BURTON, for President THE UNITED STATES TO BE AS PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF BARBARA C. HAMMOND, Manchester FOLLOWS: JOHN M. ASHBROOK, for President PAUL N. McCLOSKEY, JR., for President PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF MICHAEL D. KELLER, Keene FRED A. NOYES, Pittsfield PAUL N. McCLOSKEY, JR., for President PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PAUL N. McCLOSKEY, JR., for President JOHN M. ASHBROOK, for President AUSTIN BURTON KANDICE L. KRUSE, Durham MARY JOANNA PERKINS, Bristol FAVORABLE TO THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF RICHARD NIXON, for President AUSTIN BURTON, for President STEWART LAMPREY, Moultonborough FREDERICK A. PORTER, Amherst PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF RICHARD NIXON, for President RICHARD NIXON, for President PAULINE J. RICHARDSON, Gilford HARLAN LOGAN, Plainfield PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PAUL N. McCLOSKEY, JR., for President PAUL N. McCLOSKEY, JR., for President W. DOUGLAS SCAMMAN, JR., Stratham NORMAN C. MARSH, Gilford PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE OR THE NOMINATION OF RICHARD NIXON, for President JOHN M. ASHBROOK, for President KATHLEEN SPENCER, Dover MALCOLM McLANE, Concord PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF AUSTIN BURTON, for President PAUL N. McCLOSKEY, JR., for President WILLIAM W. SWAYNE, Pittsfield JOHN MILNE, Hanover PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PAUL N. McCLOSKEY, JR., for President PAUL N. McCLOSKEY, JR., for President FRANK J. PALAZZO, Seabrook GLADYS WHITTEMORE, Barrington For convenience in PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF AUSTIN BURTON, for President JOHN M. ASHBROOK, for President THOMAS P. PAVLIDIS, Manchester JACALYN WILOX, Concord PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF AUSTIN BURTON, for President PAUL N. McCLOSKEY, JR., for President voting and alternates l thought you your for the pledged delegates FARRELL QUINLAN, Sunapee PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF JOHN M. ASHBROOK, for President ROBERT H. RENO, Concord PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF PAUL N. McCLOSKEY, JR., for President DEBORAH L. A. RICHMOND, Warner PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF AUSTIN BURTON, for President might like to have this RICHARD L. SMITH, Rochester PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF JOHN M. ASHBROOK, for President BERNARD A. STREETER, JR., Nashua PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF RICHARD NIXON, for President KATHERINE M. UPTON, Concord PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF sample See ballot. you at the polls! PAUL N. McCLOSKEY, JR., for President DANIEL H. WOLF, Newbury DARLENE YOUNG, Tilton PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF AUSTIN BURTON, for President KIMON S. ZACHOS, Manchester PLEDGED TO VOTE FOR THE NOMINATION OF RICHARD NIXON, for President X FLORIDA COMMITTEE FOR THE RE-ELECTION OF THE PRESIDENT P.O. Box 311, Tallahassee, Florida 32302 Phone (904) 222-7920 L.E. Thomas Primary Campaign Coordinator Mr. ε Mrs. Vern Bunnell 2002 Australia Way E Apt Clearwater, F1 33515 Dear Mr. ε Mrs. Bunnell: There is a time when you have to stand up and be counted. For Florida Republicans that time is now, in the Presi- dential Primary on March 14th. President Richard Nixon is a bold, courageous and effective leader. He has proven himself to be the right man for these difficult times. America needs President Nixon-and he needs you. Let us show him, and America, our tremendous support. Please com- H plete the attached volunteer card and send it in today. Sincerely, LET:jem L. E. Thomas P.S. See you at the polls March 14th. TEAR HERE Volunteer Card Mr. ε Mrs. Vern Bunnell 2002 Australia Way E Apt Clearwater, F1 33515 I want to personally support President Nixon for re-election by participating in the campaign. Please contact me Telephone right away! Signature I can't personally participate in the cam- paign but I want to show my support with a contribution of $ Mr. & Mrs. Vern Bunnell 2002 Australia Way E Apt Clearwater, Fl 33515 33515-00196 INSTRUCTIONS: Please fill out this volunteer card, fold it in half and insert it in the business reply envelope and mail today. Second Florida Mailing TELEGRAM - TELEGRAM MS. MAY E. MACDONALD 8667 SEMINOLE BLVD SEMINOLE, FL 33304 AMERICA NEEDS CONTINUED STRONG LEADERSHIP OF PRESIDENT NIXON. NOW THE PRESIDENT NEEDS YOUR HELP. NATION WILL BE WATCHING FLORIDA PRIMARY. YOUR VOTE EXTREMELY IMPORTANT. NOW IS TIME FOR FLORIDA REPUBLICANS TO UNITE IN SUPPORT OF THE PRESIDENT. LET US SHOW AMERICA OUR STRENGTH AND UNITY. TOMMY THOMAS I Re-elect the President WISCONSIN COMMITTEE FOR THE RE-ELECTION OF THE PRESIDENT 229 EAST WISCONSIN AVENUE, MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN 53202 First Wisconsin Mailing Revenue Sharing: The President has proposed a dramatically new program that would cause power to flow back to local officials away from the Fed- eral Government. The program features the shar- ing of Federal tax revenues with State and Local governments, with no strings attached. Older Americans: The President has developed a strategy to increase Social Security benefits to the nation's elderly by one-third. He has advanced programs to enable more of the elderly to live in their own homes, to improve nursing home care, and increase jobs for older people. Health Care: President Nixon's proposals will make health care available to everyone, with the emphasis on keeping people well as well as taking care of the sick. He is leading the fight to eliminate cancer and sickle cell anemia. Drugs: The President is negotiating the end of opium production in Turkey. He has an agreement with France to help stop the traffic of drugs. He has stepped up arrests of pushers. He is spending 6 times more for rehabilitation and 5 times more for drug education than ever before, Foreign Policy: President Nixon is the first Amer- resident ican President to visit China. The talks were the first between leaders of the countries since 1949. He will also visit Moscow this year. His ad- ministration has brought crisis diplomacy to an end, opened negotiations to limit reduced tension in nuclear weapons, and the Middle East. America Needs President Nixon. And the President Needs You. Authorized & paid for by the Wisconsin Comm. for the Re-elec. tion of the President. H.L. Erickson, Treas. 7685 N. Berwyn Glendale, Wis. 24137 L The Record Vietnam: The President has brought 400,000 Americans home from Vietnam. He has reduced American ground combat involvement by 90%. He has reduced casualties by 95%. He has reduced spending by two-thirds. He has laid the founda- tions for a lasting peace in Southeast Asia. The Economy: President Nixon has taken strong steps to flatten inflation, change the tax structure, and avert an international money crisis. He created 125,000 more jobs, caused $1.5 billion to be loaned to small business. He initiated a 90-day freeze on wages and prices. Housing starts are up 42% over last year. Welfare Reform: The present welfare system strips the recipient of dignity and promises no end to the vicious welfare cycle. President Nixon has pro- posed a major change in the system. His program provides training and work incentives, and it would prevent the break-up of families and relieve the mounting burden on taxpayers. The Environment: President Nixon is the first Pres- ident to really do something about our environ- ment. He has proposed 25 separate bills regarding our environment. He has initiated plans and pro- grams that are working against air pollution, water pollution, waste disposal, radiation and noise pol- lution. Young Americans: President Nixon has given 18- year olds the right to vote by supporting the bill and signing it into law. And he has overhauled the selective service system toward the goal of an all-volunteer Army. First Class Mail Permit No. 6 Milwaukee, Wisconsin BUSINESS REPLY MAIL No Postage Stamp Necessary if Mailed in the United States Postage will be paid by Wisconsin Committee for the Re-election of the President 229 East Wisconsin Avenue Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53202 Re-elect the President WISCONSIN COMMITTEE FOR THE RE-ELECTION OF THE PRESIDENT 229 EAST WISCONSIN AVENUE, MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN 53202 (414) 278-0262 Mr. Wesley J. Mulder Box 27 Adell, Wi 53001 Dear Mr. Mulder: At the 1968 Republican Convention, the Wisconsin delegation cast the deciding votes that nominated Richard Nixon for President of the United States. On Primary Day, April 4th, Wisconsin will again have the opportunity to register its support for the President. As you know, he has brought more than 400,000 men home from Vietnam; he has slowed inflation and slowed the rising crime rate; he has introduced bold initiatives in the fight against pollution; and he has made dramatic progress in the search for world peace. Based on this record, I believe he deserves your support once again. If you agree, would you complete the attached volunteer card and send it in today, and PLEASE don't forget to cast your vote for President Nixon on April 4th. Sincerely, John John Chairman moider MacIver TEAR HERE Paid for by the Finance Committee for the Re-election of the President, Hugh Sloan, Jr., Treasurer, 1701 Pennsylvania Ave., N.W., Washington, D.C. 20006 Volunteer Card Mr. Wesley J. Mulder Box 27 Adell, Wi 53001 I want to personally support President Nixon for re-election by participating in the campaign. Please contact me Telephone right away! & Signature I can't personally participate in the cam- paign but I want to show my support with a contribution of $ Mr. Wesley J. Mulder Box 27 Adell, Wi 53001 53001 0000350 INSTRUCTIONS: Please fill out this volunteer card, fold it in half and insert it in the business reply envelope and mail today. Second Wisconsin Mailing TELEGRAM J TELEGRAM MR. GERHARD F. NUENTHEL ROUTE 1 BOX 213A EDGERTON, WI 53534 PRESIDENT NIXON HAS BROUGHT 400,000 MEN HOME FROM THE WAR. HE HAS SLOWED INFLATION AND SLOWED THE TERRIBLE CRIME RATE. HE HAS MADE DRAMATIC PROGRESS IN THE SEARCH FOR WORLD PEACE AND THE FIGHT TO SAVE OUR ENVIRONMENT. PLEASE SUPPORT HIM ON APRIL 4TH. CAST YOUR VOTE FOR PRESIDENT NIXON. JOHN MACIVER CHAIRMAN, WISCONSIN COMMITTEE FOR THE RE-ELECTION OF THE PRESIDENT Paid for by the Finance Committee for the Re-election of the President. Hugh Sloan. Jr. Treasurer, 1701 Pennsylvania Ave., N.W., Washington, D.C. 20006 TARGET STATES Number of Voting Number Cumulative Electoral 1968 % Households to be of Total Mailings Number of State Votes Vote Mailed Mailings in each State Mailings California 45 51.7 1,750,000 3 5,250,000 5,250,000 New York 41 47.1 1,800,000 3 5,400,000 10,650,000 Texas 26 49.2 850,000 3 2,550,000 13,200,000 Pennsylvania 27 48.1 850,000 3 2,550,000 15,750,000 Illinois 26 51.6 850,000 3 2,550,000 18,300,000 630,000 3 1,890,000 20,190,000 Ohio 25 51.3 Michigan 21 42.0 720,000 3 2,160,000 22,350,000 New Jersey 17 51.2 720,000 3 2,160,000 24,510,000 Missouri 12 50.6 450,000 3 1,350,000 25,860,000 Wisconsin 11 52.0 540,000 3 1,620,000 27,480,000 Maryland 10 49.0 450,000 3 1,350,000 28,830,000 Connecticut 8 47.2 450,000 3 1,350,000 30,180,000 Oregon 6 50.0 450,000 3 1,350,000 31,530,000 470,000 32,000,000 Volunteer mailings RECOMMENDED AGRICULTURAL MAILINGS BY PRODUCT Total Agricultural Agricultural State Mailings Mailings California 25,000 X3 = 75,000 New York 23,000 X3 = 69,000 Texas 44,200 X3 = 132,600 Pennsylvania 25,400 X3 = 76,200 Illinois 56,000 X3 = 168,000 Ohio 28,000 X3 = 84,000 Michigan 50,000 X3 = 150,000 New Jersey 3,400 X3 = 10,200 Missouri 43,000 X3 = 129,000 Wisconsin 35,200 X3 = 105,600 Maryland 5,000 X3 = 15,000 Connecticut 2,200 X3 = 6,600 Oregon 20,000 X3 = 60,000 K MR. RICHARD PALMER STAR RTE CHARLESTOWN, NH 03603 00277 SU UNT Tel. CALL 1 (To all registered GOP's) For Undecideds ONLY in Call #1 FOR Nixon AGAINST Nixon Undecided CHECK ISSUE(s) OF CONCERN: Ashbrk Vietnam Environment Crime McClos Economy-Inflation Drugs Health Care Date of No Answer, Busy, etc.: 2/ 2/ 2/ Unemployment Foreign Polic Can't Say; Won't Say CALL 2 (To Undecideds only) CALL 3 (Get-Out-the-Vote call to all GOP's "FOR Nixon") FOR Nixon AGAINST Nixon Undecided Call completed Date of No Answer, Busy, etc.: 2/ 2/ 2/ Date of No Answer, Busy, etc.: 3/ 3/ 3/ M NEW HAMPSHIRE COMMITTEE FOR THE RE-ELECTION OF THE PRESIDENT New Hampshire Highway Hotel Concord, New Hampshire 03301 NEW HAMPSHIRE COMMITTEE FOR THE RE-ELECTION OF THE PRESIDENT New Hampshire Highway Hotel / Concord, New Hampshire 03301 Phone (603) 224-7411 Lane Dwinell-Chairman Mrs. Bedford Spaulding-Assistant Chairman G. Allan Walker, Jr.-Executive Director Annis Clarkson 57 Watson St. Nashua, NH 03060 Dear Annis Clarkson: When one of our volunteers spoke with you over the telephone recently, you indicated particular interest in the issues of: VIETNAM ECONOMY-INFLATION UNEMPLOYMENT ENVIRONMENT DRUGS FOREIGN POLICY CRIME HEALTH CARE The President's overall record, as well as his accomplish- ments in your area of interest, warrant our continued support for his re-election. I hope that after reading the enclosed issue papers you will join us in supporting President Nixon at the polls on March 7th. Sincerly, LD:jen Lane Dwinell Unemployment: In 1969, when President Nixon took office, the American economy was in an ever-rising inflationary period that had gone almost unchecked through the 1960's. Much of this inflation was because of heavy spending on the Vietnam war, and the result was higher and higher prices at home. Now that the President is bringing the war to a close, returning veterans and workers from a reduced defense industry are looking for jobs. And a growing number of women and teenagers have entered the labor force too. Here's what President Nixon has done to curb inflation and provide more jobs for Americans: * Last year he signed into law the Emergency Employment Act, providing one billion dollars for more than a quarter million new jobs. The President in 1971 put a freeze on wages and prices, and followed this with regulations that are holding down inflationary increases. Just as importantly, these efforts are helping to destroy the inflationary psychology in which people think prices and wages have to chase each other higher and higher. * President Nixon helped the American economy by reaching new agreements with our foreign trading partners and our military allies: Japan has agreed to restrict the export of textiles, relieving pressure on American industry; the President acted to increase the price of gold to reduce international demands on the dollar; and our NATO allies agreed to pay a greater share of the cost of their own defense. Individual income taxes were reduced by the Nixon Administration. Americans will pay $22 billion less next year than they would have under the tax rates that were in effect when the President took office. The Nixon Administration boosted housing starts in 1971 to a 41% increase over 1970. There are many other areas in which the President is working to curb inflation and provide more jobs. And all of these efforts point to one objective: a new prosperity and a vigorous economy for an America at peace. Much has been accomplished. Much more needs to be done. Give President Nixon your vote of confidence so we all may complete the task. Vietnam: SINCE 1969 THE PRESIDENT HAS BEEN WORKING TO GET US OUT OF VIETNAM HE KEPT HIS PLEDGES. He has brought nearly 90% of our troops home In January of 1969, when President Nixon was inaugurated, the United States had 550,000 men in Vietnam. Today, more than 400,000 of our men have left Vietnam and more than 23,000 are leaving each month. He has reduced our casualties by 95%. By 1969, 31,000 men had died in Vietnam. And 300 more were dying every week. The President has reduced the rate of casualties by 95% by ending the American offensive ground combat role and reducing American air activity by 50%. Vietnam will continue to be the President's first priority until our combat involvement is down to zero. He has cut war costs by more than two-thirds. Because of the huge reduction in American involvement in Vietnam, there is a corresponding reduction in American spending. In 1969, the incremental cost of the war in Vietnam to our defense budget was $22 billion. In 1972, it is projected, the costs of the war will be cut by $15 billions, a 2/3rds reduction from 1969 He is ending America's combat role. In 1969, the President announced a plan to end American involvement in ground combat activities. By 1971, combat operations were virtually all conducted by Vietnamese. He has a plan to end the war completely. The President has explored every channel -- public and private -- to find a way to stop the fighting. The President's latest peace proposal was recently made public. Here is his plan: - a cease fire throughout Indo China - a prisoner exchange throughout Indo China - free elections in South Vietnam to include all groups - international gurantees for the rights of the peoples of Indo China - the withdrawal of all American troops from South Vietnam six months after agreement on these principles. The only thing this Administration has not done is to agree to overthrow our ally and turn South Vietnam over to the enemy. The President has proved we are willing to go the extra mile in seeking a fair settlement. 132 To Preserve Our Environment: The President is in the forefront of those Americans who are concerned about our natural environment. The Nixon Administration was the first to provide positive measures to preserve and protect our natural resources. On the first day of the 1970's, the President signed into law the National Environmental Policy Act which established the Council on Environmental Quality. To concentrate and strengthen the scattered environment efforts of the Federal Government, the President created the Environmental Protection Agency to combat air and water pollution, solid waste problems, radiation, pesticides, and noise. The President has put forward twenty-five comprehensive proposals for new laws to fight pollution. In addition to the Clean Air Act which he signed into law in 1970, the President has proposed a tax on sulfur dioxide pollution, which causes 2 billions of dollars in damages each year. Noise pollution is under attack through legislation to require that noise level standards be set for construction equipment, trucks, buses, and other irritating noise sources. Radiation and thermal pollution, the result of technological power advances, are being monitored--and exhaustive pre-planning of power plant sites is now required. The Administration has proposed a twelve billion dollar national program to build municipal waste water treatment facilities and has proposed extending the coverage of the Federal-State water quality standards program to all the waters of the Nation. The President has championed both Federal and international legal sanctions against intentional or negligent pollution of the oceans. In addition, the President has proposed a National Land Use Policy to stop mindless urban sprawl. $100 million in Federal grants will assist the states in this effort. He has returned surplus Federal lands to the people and has committed new funds to provide parks and recreational areas for future generations of Americans. It is only the beginning. Environmental problems require the urgent commitment of all Americans. 132-L Health Care: THE PRESIDENT'S PRESCRIPTION: HEALTH CARE FOR EVERYONE WITH GOVERNMENT HELP -- NOT GOVERNMENT TAKEOVER. There are more Americans than ever before. And we're living longer than ever before. For that reason, health care is more important to all of us than it ever has been. Here is what the President has done for Health Care in the 70's 1. He has laid the foundation for a better Health Care System. The way has been cleared for Health Maintenance organizations, where doctors can work together to provide a full range of services for comprehensive care. 2. His programs make sure that EVERYONE will be helped. He has proposed legislation called the National Health Insurance Partnership. It assures that no one, poor or rich, employed or unemployed, will be denied medical care because they cannot afford it. It would supplement, not replace, private health programs. 3. His major goal is to keep people well, instead of just taking care of them when they are sick. Last year, the President signed a bill that began an all-out fight to find a cure for cancer. The President will personally monitor the fight against cancer, a disease that attacks one out of every four citizens. The President's emphasis on keeping people well has produced many other new Nixon Initiatives: New programs for preventing occu- pational accidents and illnesses, for improving highways and auto safety, for expanding health education, and for combating alcoholism and drug abuse. In addition, the President has directed that a major new effort be launched to save thousands of lives now lost to accidents and sudden illnesses by improving communications, transportation, and training of emergency personnel. The President's program also has provision for the construction of new veterans hospitals and for the expansion of the staffs of existing ones. Some parts of the President's programs are already in place. Last Fall, for example, the Congress passed the President's program for educating more doctors, dentists and nurses, and for training them faster and more effectively. 1321 Economic Leadership: In 1969, when President Nixon took office, the American economy was in an ever-rising inflationary period that had gone almost unchecked through the 1960's. Much of this inflation was because of heavy spending on the Vietnam war, and the result was higher and higher prices at home. Now that the President is bringing the war to a close, returning veterans and workers from a reduced defense industry are looking for jobs. And a growing number of women and teenagers have entered the labor force too. Here's what President Nixon has done to curb inflation and provide more jobs for Americans: * Last year he signed into law the Emergency Employment Act, providing one billion dollars for more than a quarter million new jobs. * The President in 1971 put a freeze on wages and prices, and followed this with regulations that are holding down inflationary increases. Just as importantly, these efforts are helping to destroy the inflationary psychology in which people think prices and wages have to chase each other higher and higher. President Nixon helped the American economy by reaching new agreements with our foreign trading partners and our military allies: Japan has agreed to restrict the export of textiles, relieving pressure on American industry; the President acted to increase the price of gold to reduce international demands on the dollar; and our NATO allies agreed to pay a greater share of the cost of their own defense. Individual income taxes were reduced by the Nixon Administration. Americans will pay $22 billion less next year than they would have under the tax rates that were in effect when the President took office. * The Nixon Administration boosted housing starts in 1971 to a 41% increase over 1970. There are many other areas in which the President is working to curb inflation and provide more jobs. And all of these efforts point to one objective: a new prosperity and a vigorous economy for an America at peace. Much has been accomplished. Much more needs to be done. Give President Nixon your vote of confidence so we all may complete the task. 321321 Drugs: TOO MANY YOUNG AMERICANS ARE TURNING ON TO DRUGS. PRESIDENT NIXON IS TURNING DRUGS OFF. 1. He's hitting drugs at the source. As the President announced on June 30, 1971, Turkey (where most U.S. heroin comes from) agreed to end opium production in 1972. The Cabinet Committee on International Narcotics Control, established by the President in September 1971, and shared by Secretary of State Rogers, is working with other nations to coordinate law enforcement and diplomatic efforts torstem the flow of narcotics in the United States 2 He's attacking domestic drug traffic. The Bureau of Customs and the Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs selled more than two thousand pounds of heroin last year and made more than fifteen thousand drug arrests On January 28, 1972. President Nixon announced a new drug initiative aimed specifi- cally at the street level heroin pusher, which will utilize provisions of the Organized Crime Control Act of 1970 3. He's attacking drug abuse through education treatment, and rehabilitation The Special Action Office for Drug Abuse Prevention, established on an interim basis by Executive Order (pending passage of legislation submitted on June 17, 1971) has already significantly increased the Administration's efforts in preventing drug abuse President Nixon has proposed $365.2 million be spent on treatment rehabilitation, education, training and research next year a seven-fold increase over the $45 million spent the year before President Nixon took office. 4. He's attacking drug abuse in the Armed Forces. Drug dependence in the Armed Forces is being reduced consider- ably by expanded drug treatment and rehabilitation programs. Drug identification and de-toxification programs, which began in Vietnam, have been expanded to include all military personnel in the United States who are being discharged, sent abroad, or are returning from overseas duty. In the year ahead, the Veterans Administration will offer treatment and rehabilitative service to an estimated 20,000 addicts. It will also expand its drug dependency rehabilitation units by as many as twelve, creating a total of up to forty-four such units. President Nixon declared drug abuse to be Public Enemy Number 1, and has moved in a balanced, comprehensive manner to attack this enemy on all fronts. America needs President Nixon to continue this attack and bring us to victory. Winning The Battle Against Crime: THE CRIME RATE IS SLOWING THIS YEAR. HOW THE NIXON ADMINISTRATION DID IT. The facts: The rate of increase of major crimes has been cut in half, to a five year low. 51 major cities reported an overall decrease in crime during the first nine months of 1971. (In Washington, D.C. serious crime fell 13% last year). What the Administration did. A. Spending The dramatic improvement in the crime rate is a direct result of the President's forceful policies to improve Federal, state and local law enforcement agencies. Money for law enforcement was boosted by more than 200% during the first three years of the President's term and a further increase to over $2.3 billion is proposed for this year. B. New Laws and New Ideas President Nixon's legislative initiatives, including the Organized Crime Control Act of 1970, the District of Columbia Court Reform Act, and the Omnibus Crime Control Act of 1970, have provided the tools for improving federal efforts to curb crime. Spearheading the fight against organized crime, are Federal Strike Forces, a pool of all federal law enforcement agencies to zero in on organized criminal activities. The Sixteen Strike Force units scored significant victories in 1971, bringing nearly six hundred federal indictments and naming over 2,500 criminal suspects - including many major criminal leaders. This is more than 2-1/2 times the number of indictments obtained during the year before the President took office. While substantial progress has already been made in stopping the increase in crime, more is being done. The Law Enforcement Assistance Administration (LEAA) is helping fund state and local law enforcement efforts seeking improved courts and correctional facilities geared to effective rehabilitation. Outlays in fiscal 1972 totaled $705 million - a six fold increase over the amount spent in the year preceding President Nixon's inauguration. The country has moved a long way from the unpleasant and seemingly distant past of three years ago. We have made a remarkable turn- around in our cities and the war against crime is still moving ahead. The President is determined that the wave of crime must not be the wave of the future. Crime, particularly, organized crime, will get no reprieve. Foreign Policy: "JOURNEYS FOR PEACE" "We seek an open world. Open to ideas. Open to the exchange of goods and people. A world in which no people, great or small, will live in angry isolation." - President Nixon. Inaugural Address. The President's overtures in establishing communication with The People's Republic of China has gained overwhelming support. Congress commended the President for "outstanding initiative in furtherance of foreign relations of the United States and world peace. U Thant said: "A new chapter in the history of inter- national relations.' The new Secretary General of NATO, Joseph Luns, called the trip "one of the great moments in the world's history." The President's visit to China is the first talk between the leaders of both countries since 1949. Visiting China was not an easy decision for the President to make. Nor an easy step to take. But after careful analysis, President Nixon decided it was vital to the interest of world peace. The visit to China is not the only Nixon "journey for peace." In May, the President visits Moscow. And prior to both trips he will have consulted with the heads of the Canadian, Brazilian, French, British, West German and Japanese Governments. Although the President's visit to the People's Republic of China is vitally important in the long run, his most immediate foreign policy goal has been to end American involvement in the Viet Nam war while building a lasting peace in Southeast Asia. The record shows that is exactly what he has been doing. The President has ended the "crisis diplomacy" of the sixties. He has moved forward negotiations to limit nuclear weapons, and concluded an agreement on Berlin. The Nixon Doctrine spread the burden of free world defense more fairly among the free nations. The President has achieved the breakthrough that we needed to lead the world toward a full generation of peace. & 1321 AGREEMENT This AGREEMENT, made this sixth day of April 1972 in the city of New York, New York, by and between THE REUBEN H. DONNELLEY CORPORATION, having its principal place of business at 825 Third Avenue, New York, New York, (hereinafter referred to as "Donnelley"), and the FINANCE COMMITTEE FOR THE RE-ELECTION OF THE PRESIDENT, having, its principal place of business at 1701 Pennsylvania Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC (hereinafter referred to as "the Committee"); WITNESSETH: WHEREAS, Donnelley desires direct mail business; and WHEREAS, the Committee desired to employ direct mail to communicate with voters on behalf of President Richard Nixon's bid for re-election; NOW, THEREFORE, Donnelley and the Committee, in consideration of the mutual promises and commitments made herein, hereby mutually agree as follows: I. The Committee agrees to employ Donnelley to mail a minimum of 25 million pieces of direct mail during the period beginning April 17, 1972, and ending October 31, 1972, inclusive. The Committee may require Donnelley to produce and mail up to 15 million of said 25 million pieces of mail in the month of October, 1972. II. The Committee agrees to pay Donnelley for all of its services and postage in advance of Donnelley's execution of the mailings and to make the first such payment for services and postage of $2,455,540 to Donnelley upon the signing of this contract. Donnelley will bill the Committee in accordance with the following schedule of prices, which prices include Donnelley's services and postage: N Preparation of Computer letter, including Mailing Service: (based on two-up format) -- 7" form $ 35.00 per thousand 10" form 37.50 11 11 14" form 40.16 " " Use of RHD Lists -- 1st coverage $ 12.50 per thousand 2nd coverage 8.50 " " Each Additional Coverage 6.50 # " 2 Software $ 20.00 per hour Use of RHD Tapes for Demographic Identification $ 4.00 per thousand List Correction (based on use of sequence numbers) Deletions $ 61.00 per thousand Changes 186.00 " " List Print-outs (5-across Cheshire style) 3.75 per thousand No materials are included in above costs. If Donnelley sup- plies materials, they will be billed to the Committee at actual cost plus 17.65%. All costs for delivery of materials will be paid by the Committee. III. Donnelley agrees to maintain the computer capability neces- sary to perform under this contract, and to keep its facilities at Oak Brook, Illinois, open for operation during the period beginning April 17, 1972 through October 31, 1972, and to devote the use of said facilities and no other facilities to the performance of this contract. IV. Donnelley agrees that this contract may be cancelled by rea- son of non-performance by Donnelley or if, for any reason, Richard Nixon ceases to be a candidate for President of the United States at any time during the period of this contract. The Committee shall notify Donnelley in writing of such cancellation 30 days in advance of the effective date thereof; provided, however, that if the contract is being cancelled by the Committee by reason -2- of non-performance Donnelley shall first have been advised by the Committee of said non-performance and chall have been given 15 days to cure said non- performance before the 30-day notice of cancellation is given. Said 30 days shall run from the time such notice is placed in the U.S. Mails, addressed to an officer of Donnelley at Donnelley's principal place of business. The Committee agrees that, in the case of cancellation of this contract, Donnelley will bill the Committee for the cost of all services, postage and materials expended by Donnelley as of the effective date of can- cellation, plus the costs of equipment required to be purchased or leased, and facilities required to be maintained, under Paragraph III above. Any portion of advance payments which the Committee may have made to Donnelley not used by Donnelley to cover the costs expended for servi- ces, postage, materials, and additional computers and equipment necessary for the performance of this contract (which costs are estimated to be approxi- mately $75,000 for each of three months based on the 15 million October re- quirement in Paragraph I, or approximately 1/3 less for each 5 million reduc- tion in the October requirement if notice of such reduction is received by Donnelley far enough in advance for Donnelley to cancel the equipment leases) shall be returned by Donnelley to the Committee after either the cancellation or the termination of this contract. V. Donnelley recognizes that the exigencies of a Presidential electoral campaign are such that normal commercial standards of performance of the business of direct mail are exceeded greatly and that demands which would be considered extraordinary under ordinary commercial conditions are reasonable and ordinary demands to be expected during a Presidential electoral campaign. Accordingly, Donnelley agrees to perform this Contract using its -3- best efforts consistent with the availability of manpower and equipment. VI. Donnelley agrees LO employ the highest standards of security and confidentiality to protect the privacy of the business of the Committee. Pursuant thereto, Donnelley agrees specifically: a. To keep all of the Committee's magnetic tapes under lock at all times when not in use and to maintain a sign-out system so that all tapes can be accounted for at all times. 1 b. To keep all correspondence to or from the Committee which is marked "Confidential" under lock at all times when not in use and return this correspondence to the Committee after the termination of this Contract. C. To keep all correspondence and any other material pertaining to the business of the Committee under lock at all times during the non-working day, in containers previously approved as secure by a repre- sentative of the Committee. d. To keep separate from all other Donnelley work orders, interoffice Donnelley work orders pertaining to the business of the Committee. e. To exclude from the area in which Committee business is being performed anyone other than Donnelley or Committee personnel working on Committee business. f. To limit dissemination of information about Committee business within the Donnelley organization to those with a need-to-know the same. 8. Not to discuss among its own employees the activities of the Committee, unless such discussion is necessary for the performance by Donnelley of this contract. h. Generally not to discuss with anyone not employed by either the Committee or Donnelley any of the business or activities of the Committee, and, particularly, the dollar volume of Committee business, the quantities of planned or actual mailings, or the kinds of mailings employed & hu Committee -4- 1. To allow no one other than a Donnelley employee, working on Committee business, to erter areas under the control of Donnelley in which Committee business, or work on the behalf of the Committee, is being performed, unless such person is identified positively and bears written authorization for such access, signed by any one of the following persons: Jeb S. Magruder, Robert H. Marik, or L. Robert Morgan In witness whereof, the parties have executed this Contract. FINANCE COMMITTEE FOR THE RE-ELECTION OF THE PRESIDENT By Maurice H. Stans ATTEST: THE REUBEN H. DONNELLEY CORPORATION By ATTEST: Secretary -5- Committee for the Re-election of the President MEMORANDUM May 17, 1972 MEMORANDUM FOR: MR. GORDON C. STRACHAN FROM: ROBERT £. ODLE, JR. R.C.O. Pursuant to your request I am enclosing at Tab A a list of the personnel we currently have on board at 1701 and a brief description of each. These are descriptions, not titles. At Tab B is the budget break-down described to you in my memo of May 5. Although different people might describe the organization of the campaign in different ways, there are basically four divisions or broad areas: 1. The Finance Division, housed in Suite 272, and headed by Mr. Stans. Hugh Sloan serves Stans as a sort of "executive officer" and there are several vice chairmen and fund raisers, e.g., Dan Hofgren, Tom Pappas, Lee Nunn, Newell Weed, Lang Washburn, etc. Gordon Liddy is the Division's counsel. The campaign controller's office, although it works closely with my administrative operation, is a part of Finance. 2. The Political Division, located on the third floor, is headed by five regional coordinators; the fifty states are split among them. The five area coordinators are Bob Mardian (west), Harry Flemming (south), Don Mosiman (midwest), Clayton Yeutter (farm states), and Al Kaupinen (northeast). Mosiman previously was a top man at EPA; Yeutter is from Agriculture and also heads Farm Families for the President. Fred La Rue, although technically not in the Political Division, performs a number of chores in this area as Special Assistant to the Campaign Director. 3. The voter blocs and functional groups, spread throughout the building, are run by Fred Malek. Assisting him at 1701 are Chuck Shearer (who did this at the Willard in '68) and Andre Le Tendre (who started yesterday). These groups are Youth (Ken Rietz); Business and Industry (Paul Kayser); Black (Paul Jones) ; Ethnic (Tony De Falco); Older Americans (Dan Todd); Agriculture (Clayton Yeutter); Spanish Speaking (Alex Armendaris); ; Veterans (Frank Naylor) ; Labor (not yet selected) ; Jewish (Larry Goldberg) ; Transient Vote (Dick McAdoo) ; Lawyers Committee (Dan Pilierio); Physicians (Bill Stover) ; Educators (not yet selected); Women (Pat Hutar) ; Voters Rights (Murray Chotiner). 4. Then there is what might be termed "everything else," and falls under the jurisdiction of Jeb: a. Advertising. Peter Dailey's November Group. Three people in Washington, the balance in New York. b. Convention. Run by Bill Timmons out of the White House. C. PR/Media. Cliff Miller and Van Shumway's operation. d. Research and Planning. Headed by Bob Marik this also includes the Direct Mail operations (Bob Morgan) and Telephone Operations (Nancy Brataas). e. Polling. Bob Teeter. Bob has two young assistants in Washington. f. Spokesmen Resources. The "scheduling" operation run by Bart Porter and Curt Herge and the "tour desk and advance" operation headed by Jon Foust. The latter also includes celebrities, athletes, American Music, etc. g. Administration. Odle. Roughly comparable to the White House Staff Secretary plus Personnel and Security. Also includes budget administration and special projects for Magruder. Correspondence section, guards, drivers, etc. h. Counsel. Glenn Sedam. With respect to your question on operating expenses, it costs approximately $50,000 - $60,000 per month to run 1701. This includes all rents, phones, furniture, office equipment, supplies, stationery, security devices, typewriters, leasehold improvements, auto rental, etc. Costs for telephone equipment and our long distance charges run almost one-third of this amount. Let's discuss the salary situation on the phone. I'm having those figures put together now. (D) A ADMINISTRATION Magruder's Office Job Description Jeb Magruder Assistant to Mr. Mitchell Bob Reisner Administrative assistant to Magruder Gene Roberts Secretary to Magruder Vicki Chern Secretary to Reisner Sedam's Office Glenn Sedam Counsel Diane Kalin Secretary to Sedam Odle's Office Rob Odle Director of campaign admin- istration, personnel, etc. Connie Santarelli Assistant for personnel, Committee correspondence, etc. Jeannie Mitchell Assistant for personnel, Committee correspondence, volunteer recruitment and placement, etc. Martha Duncan Assistant for office manage- ment, equipment, supplies, machine maintenance Jeanne Mason Secretary to Odle Kathy O'Melia Receptionist & switchboard Ruby Youngs Telephone Operator -:- Odle's Office, cont. Job Description Sylvia Panarites Receptionist - 4th floor Jim McCord Security coordinator Linde Zier Correspondence typist Nick Bungato Staff messenger Carl Foster Staff driver James Dooley Mailboy Mitchell's Office John Mitchell Campaign Director Lea Jablonsky Secretary to Mr. Mitchell Morgan Elliott Driver for Mr. Mitchell Note: There is also a security guard force under the Administrative Division. Note: Sandra Hobbs, legal secretary to Mr. Mitchell, is on the payroll of Mudge Rose Guthrie & Alexander ADVERTISING Peter Dailey's Office Job Description Bill Novelli Assistant director; based in Washington Liz Johansen Secretary to Dailey Susan Schjelderup Secretary to Joanou and Novellf Other Advertising salaries are reflected on payroll of November Group, Incorporated. NOVEMBER GROUP INC. Highly Confidential March 22, 1972 Pete Dailey: In the interest of proper internal control it would be desireable if from time to time the payroll rates both internal and enchor and loan-were confirmed by a person in authority independent of the Finance Department. (Reimbursement to free lance personnel have been reported to you separately) Accordingly, if the information below agrees with your understanding, kindly indicate SO by signing a copy of this document and return to me. Should you have any questions, please let me know. Dept. Name Title Start Date A&L/NG Executive P. Dailey President 2/1 A&L Executive P. Joanou Exec. V.P. 2/1 A&L Finance P. Muller Sr. V. P. 2/1 NG Creative W. Taylor Creat. Dir. 3/1 A&L Acc. Man. M. Lesser Man. Suprv. 2/1 A&L Finance F. Becker Treas. 2/1 NG Media G. Karalakes Dir. Modia 2/1 A&L Sales Pro. M. Heinrich Mar. Promo. 1/16 NG Executive S. Woodson Adm. Asst. 2/28 NG Sales Prom P. Krever Adm. Asst. 2/1 NG Finance B. Goubeaud Exp.-Sec. 2/21 NG Acc. Man. M. Giangrande Adm. Asst. 2/17 NG Off. Serv. R. Blau Rec. -Swich Bd. 2/21 NG Off. Serv. E. Prato Mail Head 3/6 NG Media S. Massucci Asst Buyer 3/16 NG Acc. Man. M. Scott A/E 3/13 NG Creative G. Whitlock Sec. to Dir. 3/1 A&L Acc. Oper. S. Willis Print Cood/Puy 3/6 A&L CC: R. Smelas. Price Waterhouse *Represents contractual F. Pecker rate for services from of Corporation inception to dissolution Daily 909 THIRD AVENUE NEW YORK, N. Y. 10022 (212) 752-3500 AGRICULTURE Personnel Job Description Clayton Yeutter Director John Foltz Assistant Gary Madson Assistant Roni Haggert Secretary Kathy Hill Secretary BALLOT SECURITY Personnel Job Description Yvonne Allen Assistant to Chotiner Note: Chotiner is not on payroll but does receive reimbursement for expenses. BLACK LIAISON Personnel Job Description Paul Jones Director Brenda Pettross Secretary Karen Minor Secretary Frank Carpenter Assistant BUSINESS AND INDUSTRY Personnel Job Description Paul Kayser Director Harold Fangboner Assistant Peter Rocchio Assistant Bill Harper Administrative assistant Pat Cochran Secretary Catherine Koob Secretary CITIZENS Personnel Job Description Charles Shearer Director Jerry Jones Campaign controller Carolyn Muse Secretary to Jones Edward Nixon Assistant to Malek Tina Karalekas Secretary to Nixon Andre Le Tendre Assistant to Shearer CONVENTION Personnel Job Description Fred Rheinstein Convention media coordinator ELDERLY Personnel Job Description Dan Todd Director Jim Mills Assistant Polly Sedlak Secretary Christie Todd Assistant Ruth Groom Assistant Judy Prokop Secretary ETHNIC Personnel Job Description Anthony De Falco Director Connie Broadus Secretary EXECUTIVE Mrs. Mitchell's Office Job Description Kristin Forsberg Secretary Tom Wince Driver-messenger Carol Willis Staff Director Jacqueline Newman Secretary Special Arrangement - Dent Job Description Jan Milliken Secretary in Dent's office Note: This is a special arrangement worked out at Roger Milliken's request whereby he pays the Committee $8,000 per year so that it can pay his daughter that sum to work in Dent's office. The daughter does not know her salary is paid by her father and he wants it that way. Special Arrangement Job Description Patricia Lasky Writer FIELD OPERATIONS Personnel Job Description Tom Houser Illinois Chairman Diane Graham California fieldman Tony Goldstein California fieldman Tom Dey California fieldman Ken Manning California fieldman Dan Hall California fieldman Michael Scholar California fieldman Susan Sullivan California fieldman Dustin Murdock California fieldman Richard Richards Western fieldman FINANCE Personnel Job Description Hugh Sloan Assistant Peter Holmes Assistant to Sloan Lee Nunn Assistant 1, Lang Washburn Assistant Newell Weed Assistant Paul Barrick Controller Charles Dexter Director mail fund raising Barbara Zapp Direct mail fund raising Kenneth Talmage Administrative Assistant Arden Chambers Secretary to Stans Ann Pinkerton Secretary to Stans and Chambers Jane Dannenhauer Secretary to Sloan Yolanda Dorminy Secretary to Nunn Judy Hoback Bookkeeper Charlotte Lyeth Accounting Eveline Hyde Coordinator of finance volunteers Carroll Holton Driver for Stans Maureen Devlin Secretary-receptionist Florence Thompson Secretary to Talmage Richard Visceglia Direct mail fund raising Celine Terrar Direct mail fund raising 1 --2- Finance personnel cont. Job Description Elaine Hall Secretary Gordon Liddy Counsel Sally Harmony Secretary to Liddy John T. Washburn Assistant Joyce Barbour Assistant Bookkeeper Glenn Olson Direct Mail 1 fundraising Sharon Harris Direct Mail fundraising John Chadwell Assistant to Mr. Nunn Note: Messrs. Maurice Stans, Dan Hofgren, Thomas Pappas, and Michael Miller are not on payroll but do receive reimbursement for expenses. Robert Odell and several secretaries in the Finance Division are on the RNC payroll. JEWISH Personnel Job Description Larry Goldberg Director Ronald Greenwald Assistant Beryl Cohen Secretary Michael Abrams Assistant Paige Peters Secretary LAWYERS COMMITTEE Personnel Job Description Daniel Piliero Director Mary Lewis Secretary LETTERWRITING Personnel Job Description Betty Nolan Director Victoria Agnich Assistant Christine Nadeau Assistant Note: This is the office which quietly writes the hundreds of "letters to the editor" throughout the country. This function was transferred to our payroll when we assumed the White House support budget. PHYSICIANS Personnel Job Description William Stover Director Merlyn Hunger Secretary POLITICAL Personnel Job Description Harry Flemming Political Coordinator Donald Mosiman Political Coordinator A1 Kaupinen Political Coordinator Mark Bloomfield Assistant to Flemming David Allen Research Dolores Ulman Secretary to Flemming Barbara Fierce Secretary to Bloomfield and Kaupinen Laura Frederick Secretary to LaRue Robert Mardian Political Coordinator Betsy Callaway Secretary Wyn Drake McAuliffe Secretary to Mardian Diane Kopperman Secretary to Mosiman Neille Mallon Secretary to Mardian Note: LaRue is not on payroll but does receive reimbursement for expenses. POLLING AND RESEARCH Marik's Office Job Description Bob Marik Director of research, planning, strategy, etc. Bob Morgan Assistant for direct mail Nancy Brataas Assistant for telephone operations Carmen Hoeppner Assistant to Brataas Gail Belt Assistant to Brataas Art Finkelstein Assistant for demographics Rick Fore Administrative assistant to Marik Richard Shriver Planner Thomas Slivinski Assistant to Morgan Biba Wagner Research Assistant Jo Creighton Secretary to Marik Ann Braafladt Secretary to Fore and Marik Mary Adams Secretary to Brataas Dan Mintz Assistant to Finkelstein r Susan Le Donne Secretary to Morgan Teeter's Office Bob Teeter Polling director Ted Garrish Assistant to Teeter -2- Teeter's Office cont. Job Description Dan Evans Assistant to Teeter Marybeth Koeze Secretary to Teeter Nancy Crouch Secretary to Garrish and Evans PUBLIC RELATIONS AND MEDIA Personnel Job Description Cliff Miller Director es Van Shumway Director of public affairs Scott Peters Audio director Powell Moore News and information Ann Dore Communications manager Art Amolsch News bureau manager John B. Fuller Writer Frank Leonard Publications and graphics D.J.Atwood Assistant to Leonard Bill Parish Photo editor Angela Harris Assistant Leslye Arsht Research coordinator Pat Strunk Wire room operator, messenger, etc. Karen Koon Secretary to Shumway Noelle Kantzer Secretary to Girard Patty Price Secretary to Amolsch Laura Underwood Production Assistant Jean Coleman Secretary to Miller Terri Thayer Secretary to Harris and Leonard Joan Donnelly Secretary to Dore Michael Kekker Messenger Jim Randall Audio Assistant & Mark Rosenker Audio Assistant SCHEDULING AND TOUR OFFICE Porter's Office Job Description Bart Porter Scheduling Director Curt Herge Master scheduler Bill Minshall Assistant scheduler Sandra Cram Assistant scheduler Nora Vandersommen Secretary to Porter Peggy McClung Secretary June Peterson Secretary Roger Stone Assistant scheduler Debra Herwig Secretary Foust's Office Job Description Jon Foust Tour Director Edward Cowling Tour Desk Ed Crane Celebrities coordinator Susan Davis Advanceman Patti Schrager Celebrities secretary Peggy Wiesemann Secretary to Foust Debbie Nixon Secretary Harry Warner American Music Coordinator SPANISH SPEAKING Personnel Job Description Alex Armendaris Director Frank Almaguer Assistant/Fieldman Betty Gonzales Secretary1 TRANSIENT Personnel Job Description Richard McAdoo Director Susan Whittier Secretary VETERANS Personnel Job Description Frank Naylor Director Judy Myers Secretary James Smith Fieldman WOMEN Personnel Job Description Pat Hutar Director Rita Hauser Public Relations Nancy Steorts Coordinator Nancy Blair Secretary to Hutar, Hauser, Steorts YOUTH Personnel Job Description Ken Rietz Director Ken Smith Assistant and project manager Tom Bell Assistant and project manager Bob Podesta Project manager George Gorton College director Bert Krueger Fieldman Maxwell Calloway Fieldman Louis Barnett Fieldman Ted Wigger Fieldman Tom Davis Fieldman Bill Lamont Fieldman Bill Ehrig Fieldman Connie Cudd Secretary to Rietz Marilyn Johnson Assistant to Rietz Barbara Preve Secretary for Assistants Eve Auchincloss Secretary for Assistants Angie Miller Project Manager - Nixonetts, Nixonaires Gary Burhop Convention coordinator David Chew Assistant John Ford Assistant B CONFIDENTIAL/SENSITIVE COMMITTEE FOR THE RE-ELECTION OF THE PRESIDENT Preliminary Budget - Post April 7 R. C. Odle, Jr., April 28, 1972 Division Responsibility Budget Comments Advertising Dailey $ 12,153,000 Includes all media costs, overhead, salaries, etc., to run November Group. This figure répresents the total cost to Re-elect Committee. Some dollars which might have gone to this budget are now scheduled for the Direct Mail and Telephone budgets. Campaign Materials Dailey $ 1,500,000 Cost $2 million in 1968. If the states purchase campaign materials, then the state support budget will increase by this amount and this cate- gory will be removed. Regardless of where the money is spent, however, it will cost $1,500,000. Candidate Support Magruder/Malek $ 1, 1,380,000 Represents the White House support account pre- viously maintained at RNC. Includes Presidential and First Family travel, the entire White House mailing program, etc. Convention Timmons $ 475,000 Includes all 1701 and White House travel to and from convention site. Timmons has justified this figure and believes it will not be changed even if the convention site is. Political La Rue/Flemming $ 211,000 Includes all costs (salaries, payroll burden, travel) for running Political Division. Does not include any costs associated with state support. PR/Media Miller/Shumway $ 740,000 All expenses associated with Division: salaries, travel, payroll burden, and all Division programs. Polling Teeter $ 750,000 Best estimate of what we think will be requested and needed between now and November. Research and Planning, Marik $ 6,785,000 $4,490,000 for direct mail; $1,900,000 for Direct Mail, telephone operations; $180,000 for computer caps, Telephone Operations Compass Systems, data processing; balance for salaries, travel, payroll burden. Special groups and committees Malek/Hutar/Chotiner $ 2,354,000 A realistic budget for the dozen special groups including all voter bloc and committees plus the overall Citizens activity. groups and Citizens activity Also includes national volunteers program and plus Women (Volunteers) and ballot security program. Less than 1968 figure. Ballot Security Spokesmen Resources Porter/Foust $ 725,000 Represents entire cost of program: surrogates, (Scheduling and Tour Offices) athletes, celebrities, American Music, scheduling, travel, charters, rallies, payroll, payroll burden. Administration Magruder/Odle $ 225,000 Primarily salaries, payroll burden, travel, etc. Office Administration Odle $ 420,000 Rents, telephones, furniture, equipment, autos, typewriters, leasehold improvements, etc. SUB-TOTAL $ 27,718,000 Funds spent prior to April 7 $ 3,110,000 Includes all funds spent by all divisions but does not include any pre-payments. SUB-TOTAL $ 30,828,000 Finance Committee Budget Stans/Sloan $ 865,000 Does not include costs of running Division offices, telephones, etc., which are included above. SUB-TOTAL $ 31,693,000 State Support La Rue/Flemming TOTAL Committee for the Re-election of the President MeMORANDUm May 5, 1972 CONFIDENTIAL MEMORANDUM FOR: MR. GORDON C. STRACHAN FROM: ROBERT C. ODLE, JR. Jeb suggested that I give you a brief analysis of the budgeting process we have been going through for the last several weeks. We began by asking each Division head to submit a budget which would include the amount of money he would like to do the job he wanted to do. In other words, each was asked to submit, in effect, a campaign plan in dollar figures. Hence, many of the budgets were greatly in excess of what is practical or even desirable. But we wanted to start at the top and work down. I then took each Division budget and ran it by Paul Barrick, our controller. Paul and I went over each, moved expenses from one Division to another, eliminated duplications, etc. A meeting was then held with Magruder, Malek, La Rue, and Odle to review $44 million worth of requests which had come in. After one long meeting and three cuts at it, we arrived at a $35 million budget (exclusive of Finance) and it was then ap- proved by Magruder, Malek, La Rue, and Odle as a budget that we should propose to Mr. Mitchell. At that point, a controversy arose between the Finance and non- Finance people as to whether 1701 should attempt to support the state committees' budgets or the states and counties' budgets as well. Since the Political Divison (Flemming et al) does not have all the budgets for the states in on either of these bases, it was decided to remove all state support costs from the budget and agree on a total dollar figure which would be exclusive of state support. The budget proposed by the campaign committee to the finance com- mittee is attached. It envisions a $31.7 million campaign ex- clusive of state support. That figure would include all moneys spent from inception of 1701 (April 1971) to the end. However, all moneys spent from inception through April 6 are lumped together towards the end of the budget. CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL -2- Since the preparation of this proposed budget, the Budget Committee (Mitchell, Stans, Magruder, Malek, Nunn, Sloan, La Rue, Odle) has met five times to review the various categories. In each of these sessions, one or two Division heads come in to defend their budgets. Except for Polling and Spokesmen Resources, who will defend their budgets next week, we now have almost unanimous agreement on the proposed dollar figures for each Divison (The convention budget up-date will have to wait until Timmons' team gets back from Miami). Also by next week we should have semi-final state support figures which would be added to the $31.7 million figure. We' 11 keep you posted. Please call me if you have any questions. cc: Mr. Jeb S. Magruder CONFIDENTIAL Committee for the Re-election of the President MEMORANDUM May 16, 1972 CONFIDENTIAL MEMORANDUM FOR: THE HONORABLE JOHN N. MITCHELL THROUGH: JEB S. MAGRUDER FROM: BOB MARIK SUBJECT: Compass Systems, Inc. As you know, we have agreed to invest substantially in Compass Systems, Inc. for the purpose of assuring that we have a compre- hensive demographic data base to augment our campaign in California. For the past year, the resources of Compass were devoted to re- apportionment. That project was coordinated by the Republican State Central Committee, although there was also involvement by Governor Reagan's office and Bob Monagan's office. We are now in the transition of reapportionment to campaign application, and we have encountered some early operating difficulties in achieving responsiveness and smooth coordination with the Re- publican State Central Committee and Compass in filling our requirements for data. As we see it, there are three important factors: 1. The Republican State Central Committee has not performed satisfactorily as the clearing house for all data requests. There have been excessive delays and inadequate follow through. 2. Compass Systems, Inc. is somewhat weak in internal management, although they are technically competent. This has led to failure to make some deadlines as committed. 3. There is a major stumbling block between the Central Committee and Compass in that the latter feels that it has valid billings outstanding for over $40,000 for project over- runs. The Central Committee feels that the claims have no basis whatsoever. Up until now, there has been no constructive effort to resolve that situation. CONF IDENTIAL - 2 - I have sent Bob Morgan to California to work out a satisfactory arrangement with the California people to protect our investment and assure that we will have access to the demographic data base which we require. It is our strong feeling that the Republican State Central Committee personnel should be removed altogether from the coordinating function and that that function should be given to a neutral person. We have received general agreement that Alan Heslop, a political scientist who was a consultant to the overall reapportionment project, would be acceptable in this role. The Re-election Committee may have to pay his compensation to act as coordinator. His fee would be $100 per day and he may serve as many as ten days per month. Our problem now is that Put Livermore, despite early promises of cooperation, is becoming reluctant to negotiate with us and to take positive action to deal with an unsatisfactory situation. According to Bob Morgan, Put has even gone so far as to say that the State Central Committee may hold onto the data base in order to retain control over the project. We are still working to find an acceptable solution to the problem and we hope to have a recommendation in the near future. However, I did want to apprise you of the situation early because we may have to ask for your help to achieve Put Livermore's cooperation. Lyn Nofziger, who is meeting with you this afternoon, has been in close contact with Bob Morgan as he has been working on the project in California. CONFIDENTIAL Committee for the Re-election of the President MEMORANDUM April 14, 1972 CONFIDENTIAL MEMORANDUM FOR THE HONORABLE JOHN N. MITCHELL FROM: JEB S. MAGRUDER SUBJECT: General Campaign Strategy Although this memorandum was prepared last month, upon reviewing it today, I feel that it will nevertheless be of interest to you as it makes some important points concerning general strategy. Attachment CONFIDENTIAL COMMITTEE FOR THE RE-ELECTION OF THE PRESIDENT MEMORANDUM March 7, 1972 CONFIDENTIAL MEMORANDUM FOR JEB S. MAGRUDER FROM: ARTHUR FINKELSTEIN SUBJECT: General Campaign Strategy I have been searching for a profound thought on your query on the best general campaign approach (bland VS. blatant) and keep coming back to one not very profound position, that of a very old political axiom, namely: Know where your voter is, know who your voter is, and be able to count. I have a general predilection for a low profile campaign and perhaps my bias here will show, but: 1. The Republican Party is overwhelmingly the minority party and cannot, as a rule, afford (nor can the Democrats) an overt ideological position without denying a larger, less ideological slice of the electorate. 2. Richard Nixon is not a charismatic personality and would be unable to effectively "pull-off" anything other than a bland performance. 3. Our constituency is an older, less emotionally constituted and more diligent voter. A quieter campaign would be tailored more to their tastes. 4. The other side of that coin, you suggested, is that in a bland campaign many of these voters would tend to stay within the confines of their party - majority Democratic - and thereby hurt the President. I suspect this is valid except that, after all, our candidate is the incumbent President, a known quantity, an earnest, businesslike, efficient President. As such, he garners a stronger loyalty, more so than as a mere partisan. However, this argument is intriguing other than the incumbency factor. 5. Unquestionably, a hotter campaign would bring forth a larger turnout. Larger turnouts mean a great deal more (percentage wise) people who are on the bottom of the socio-econemic ladder and, therefore, blocs of non-Republican voters. CONFIDENTIAL -2- 6. However, a more intensely fought campaign would force the ultimate Democratic nominee to take positions which would, because of Nixon co-option of the Centrist position, be somewhat, if not totally, ideological in bearing. This would be true of both Kennedy and Muskie. 1 7. Kennedy is not, in fact, totally boxed in since a campaign can be fought either for a cause (Left or Right), for con- sensus, or for a personality. Kennedy would, no doubt, run as a personality concerned with an issue and would, there- fore, produce a contrast with Nixon and run a formidable race. 8. Muskie has a personality problem and could not, in my esti- mation, run with a cause. Therefore, he would have to run for consensus, which he is now doing. For Muskie this would be a difficult proposition and probably not a successful one. 9. While a Kennedy-Nixon confrontation would, no doubt, be the more dangerous one for Nixon, it would have side advantages. Kennedy's campaign would produce a more issue-oriented (Left VS. Right rather than a Muskie Democrat VS. Republican) cam- paign. This in turn would bring to fore certain voter shifts which Scammon-Wattenber-Phillips have been alluding to. 10. A Kennedy-Nixon race would allow the Republican Party to start on a long, slow incremmentation period in Congress as well as the voting shifts. 11. Lastly, to try to hold up Muskie or deflate Kennedy or any other "anti" strategy is dangcrous and can conceivably back- fire in the campaign. CC: Bob Marik CONFIDENTIAL April 25, 1972 DETERMINE BE AN ADMINSSURATIVE LUCKING E.O. 6-102 By emp 3-31-82 CONFIDENTIAL MEMORANDUM FOR THE HONORABLE JOHN N. MITCHELL FROM: JEB S. MAGRUDER SUBJECT: Democratic Primaries The attached memorandum from Bob Marik concerning the lessons of the Democratic primaries will be implemented at our next staff meetings. In the meantime, I thought you would be interested in the points that he is making. Attachment bcc: Mr. Haldeman Committee for the Re-election of the President MEMORANDUM April 10, 1972 FOR: JEB S. MAGRUDER SUBJECT: Democratic Primaries You probably saw the attached article from the "Outlook" Section of this Sunday's Washington Post. The author, Polsby, makes three major points: 1. That the Democrats are not tearing themselves apart in the primaries, to the extent that they will default the general election to Richard Nixon; 2. That Ed Muskie's chances have not been fatally damaged by the primary results thus far; 3. That the abnormally heavy turnout in the Demo- cratic primaries thus far suggests great interest among those voters in 1972, and that the traditionally Republican edge in percent turnout may not exist in November. The first two points are well-worn. I happen to agree with the first and disagree with the second. The very important peint is the third one, and we probably have not thought about that enough. The Democrats may be setting the stage for the greatest turnout in their history. You may recall an early comment by John McIver, that the Wisconsin Democrats always had the divisive primaries. However, those contests did increase the Democratic primary turnout and attracted substantial Republican crossovers. Pretty soon, the habit of turning out and voting for the Demo- cratic slate carried over to November, and the Republicans found themselves in bad shape. We must be aware of the same danger nationally in November, 1972. The President can, and should conduct his campaign as the incumbent, the occupant of the Oval Office. We, however, cannot afford to act anything like a campaign-oriented branch of the White House Staff. We (the total campaign committee) must be in the field, out-organizing McGovern; we must get all of our people oriented - 2 - to the fact that the campaign will be won or lost in the precincts, not 1701 Pennsylvania Avenue. In short, I'm afraid we are allowing our very fine staff structure, which was effective for the planning phase, to insulate us from the realities of the campaign. We tend to be overconfident, listening too much to the optomistic evaluations of other Nixon loyalists. Mean- while, the Democratic campaign workers are becoming battle-hardened in the trenches of the primaries, and they may ambush us in November. Recommendations X 1. For starters, we have never had a discussion of local campaign organization and activities at a Tuesday Staff Meeting. A theo- retical presentation would be useless, but if we do have good organizers working in any state, it would be very effective to have one of them talk to the staff. (Much like it sometimes helps to have a person from Sales tell the Manufacturing people how the customers in the market place are reacting to a company's products and services.) Approve Disapprove Comment Person to follow up 2. That Ken Reitz talk to the staff about the Brock campaign, enphasizing the success of the field activities, and how they were implemented. Approve Disapprove Comment Person to follow up Bill KOBERT H. MARIK Misreading the Primaries So far, the main lesson of the pri- By Nelson IV. Polsby maries has been that several possi- ble Democratic nominees are closely Polsby is professor of political sci- matched as far as primary electorates once at the University oj California at are concerned. To analysts who like to Berkeley and co-author, with Aaron Wildausky, of "Presidential Elections." report unequivocal results, the idea of IS such a fair contest must seem intolera- T.V THE AFTERMATH of the Wis- THIS ble. The messages they have been 1 consin primary two propositions are NECESSARY sending have made the financial back- DOW being accepted as conventional ers of several Democratic hopefuls jit- wisdom. The first is that the Demo- tery, since some of them, obviously, crats are tearing themselves apart and are backing eventual losers. that President Nixon's chances of re- election have been enhanced. The sec- Stopping the Stampede ond is that the primaries are destroy- ing the chances for nomination of Sen. IT's MUCH TOO EARLY, however, to Edmund Muskie, whose candidacy is count Muskie out. It is certainly true now generally regarded as on the that he has committed one or two tact- ropes. Neither proposition will stand ical blunders, the most important of up to much close examination. which was his late announcement of Florida and Wisconsin didn't help candidacy. Now he is spread much too thin, and by the very nature of his cen- Muside, to be sure, but analysts haven't tral position comes across indistinetly given adequate weight to a few on short notice to audiences in the pri- underlying facts about primary elec- mary states. What is a disadvantage in tions. For one thing, centrist candi- the early primaries, however, may turn dates are handicapped in a crowded out to be a blessing at a national con- vention when delegates start thinking field. With a big menu to select from, about their second choices and about voters seatter their choices widely. appealing to a broader spectrum of Secondly, primary electorates are voters in an attempt to beat President quite unrepre sentative of party voiers Nixon. Muskie's main problem, and it in eneral elections. In primaries, it's may prove insuperable, is to stop a ideelogically committed portisans who stampede away from him of over-im- turn out, and the more ideological can- didates-not the ones in the middle- pressionable souls who are misreading reap the benefits. Thus the Democratic the primary results to date. primaries don't tell us what all Demo- While the primaries have exaggerat- crats want, just what some of them ed Sen. Muskie's weakness, they have want. Moreover, there is no way to tell done the opposite for Sen. George what the second choices of any of McGovern and Gov. George Wallace. these voters would be like. There is no reason to disbelieve the pulls that say that neither of these Yet sooner or later the Democratic Hill in the Commercial Appeal. Memphis hopefuls has overwhelming support Party will have to choose just one among Democrats. The "smashing" vic- nominee to run against Richard Nixon. To have any hope of winning, the can- most reactionary, but from a fairly tories both have achieved thus far have fallen well short of majorities, didate they finally settle on will have wide spectrum of Democrats. So over to draw support not merely from the 30 the sligl.tly longer run, being in the even among sharply biased primary electorates. per cent of party voters who are most center is important to a candidate's liberal or from the 23 per cent who are chances. Sce PRIMARIES, Page B1 "A cautious look at the primaries suggests that President Nixon may be in for real trouble and that Sen. Muskie's death has been slightly exaggerated." The Distortions Of the Primaries PRIMARIES, From Page B1 tainly we have heard nothing like the Sen. McGovern can surely claim, harsh words that the Kennedy forces however, to be in the process of used against Hubert Humphrey in consolidating his grip on the left wing West Virginia in 1960, or that Lyndon activist element of the Democratic Johnson spoke against John Ktnnedy Party. There is something remarkable about this achievement, since Mc- at the Los Angeles convention. So it is Govern is in many ways more moder- premature to say that the Democrats ate than the bulk of his more passion- have been doing themselves irrepara- ate followers. It seems plausible to as- ble damage. sume that if the party turns to a cen- Meanwhile, there are signs in the trist candidate for the presidential nomination that his showing in the primaries themselves that a Republi- primaries will bring Sen. McGovern's can should treat as quite ominous. One name prominently into vice presiden- significant advantage Republicans tial consideration. have traditionally held over Democrats The Heavy Turnout has been in the superior capacity of the GOP to turn out voters at the OF the on THE MAJOR candidates, one least affected by the early polis. Turnout, however, so far. has primaries is Sen. Hubert Humphrey. It been quite high in the Democratic pri- is clear that he enjoys substantial res. maries, much higher than in the hotly ervoirs of strength among black voters contested year of 1958. If Democrats and in organized labor, both at the turn out in the general election to the core of the Democratic coalition. While extent they have turned out in the pri- many strongly ideological voters find maries. the President micht well be his candidacy distasteful, other Demo- not just defeated, but defeated deci- crats, with only slightly longer memo. sively. ries, count Humphrey as one of the The figures are clear in New Hamp- foremost modernizers of the Demo- shire, where in 1963 only 35 per cent of cratic Party. Nobody doubts that he those turning out in the primary voted will be a force to reckon with at the na- Democratic: in 1972 the comparable tional convention. Still, he has not figure was 43 per cent. In Wisconsin, moved into anything like an unequivo- home of the cross-over, 60 per cent of cally leading position in the wake of the voters voted in the 1993 Demo- Muskie's poor showings in Florida and cratic primary: this year the figure Wisconsin. was 80 per cent. Does any of this warrant the proposi- Primary elections are netoriously tion that President Nixon has been difficult to interpret. Because SO much gaining in relation to the eventual depends on them. they are often given Democratic nominee? In spite of equiv- panicky misinto rpretations. A cautious ocal primary results. the Democrats do look at the primises so far succests, not seem to be tearing one another however. that President N/A n may be limb limb. So far the level of cis- in :* some real trouble in t. general course anount serious contenders for A election. and that Son Mu-b death the nommation his been civil. Cer- has Door sightly examperated. Committee for the Re-election of the President MEMORANDUM May 10, 1972 CONFIDENTIAL MEMORANDUM FOR: THE HONORABLE JOHN N. MITCHELL THROUGH: JEB S. MAGRUDER FROM: ROBERT Hr MARIK Rin SUBJECT: The Democratic Nomination This memorandum is an update of the analysis of April 20, 1972, on the projected delegate strength of the Democratic contenders at the convention. Since the earlier memo, Muskie and Jackson have left the campaign trail. McGovern has done better than anticipated in Massachusetts, Pennsylvania and Ohio, and has defeated Humphrey head-on in Nebraska. The reading here is that McGovern's superior organization is continuing to build momentum for him. The effect has been that today's "most probable" projected outcome exceeds the "best case" for McGovern three weeks ago. The earlier projection showed McGovern with 1,132-1/2 delegates as a top figure. He now has a chance at over 1,300 delegates (Tab A). The difference is the three large states mentioned above, as well as good preliminary showings in Texas, Oklahoma and Vermont. Humphrey still has a chance to coalesce the center of the party behind himself, but he must win in California in order to survive. With Ted Kennedy's near-endorsement of McGovern, George looks very strong for the June 6 primary. A first-ballot nomination is now a distinct possibility. CONF IDENTIAL TAB A Leaning or 6 itted to: Delegate Others or States Votes Maskie Employer Willace Unconditted NEW EUGLAND Maine 20 20 --- -- --- -- * Vermont 12 4 -- 8 -- -- Not. Humpshire 18 13-1/2 - 4-1/2 -- -- Massachuseuts 102 -- -- 102 -- -- * Rhode Island 22 -- ---- 22 -- -- * Comecticut 51 -- 18 33 -- -- TOTAL 225 37-1/2 18 169-1/2 0 0 MIDDLE ATLANTIC New York 278 -- 25 200 -- 53 * New Jersey 109 --- 30 79 -- -- Pennsylvania 182 28 82 58 2 12 Delaware 13 -- 7 6 -- -- Maryland 53 -- 20 -- 33 -- West Virginia 35 -- 20 4 11 -- TOTAL 670 28 184 347 46 65 SOUTH * Virginia 53 15 15 --- -- 23 North Carolina 64 -- -- --- 37 27 South Carolina 32 -- -- -- 32 Georgia 53 -- -- 4 -- 49 Florida 81 -- 6 - 75 -- Alabama 37 -- - -- 34 3 Mississippi 25 -- -- -- -- 25 Louisiana 44 -- 24 6 12 2 Arkansas 27 -- -- -- -- 27 Tennessee 49 --- ---- -- 49 -- Texas 130 -- 60 25 40 5 TOTAL 595 0 105 50 247 193 PLAINS North Dakota 14 -- 3 11 -- - South Dakota 17 -- -- 17 --- -- Nebraska 24 -- 10 14 -- -- Kansas 35 -- 15 20 -- -- * Oklahoma 39 --- 15 15 9 -- TOTAL 129 0 43 77 9 0 MIDWEST * Kentucky 47 - 25 15 2 5 Ohio 153 - 74 66 13 Indiana 76 -- 55 -- 21 -- Illinois 170 59 13 -- 98 Michigan 132 -- 44 44 44 -- Wisconsin 67 -- 13 54 -- -- Minnesota 64 -- 33 18 -- 13 Iowa 46 14 -- 12 -- 20 * Missouri 73 -- 20 32 -- 21 TOTAL: 828 73 264 254 67 170 UNITED * Nontana 17 -- 5 12 -- -- * Eyeming 11 --- 4 7 -- --- * Colorado 36 -- 10 26 -- --- * New Mexico 18 -- 10 8 -- -- Arizona 25 9 1 6. -- 9 * Nevada 11 -- 3 6 : 2 * Utch 19 -- 5 14 -- -- Idaho 17 3 1 7 -- 6 TOTAL 154 12 39 86 0 17 PACIFIC California 271 --- -- 271 -- -- Oregon 34 - -- 34 -- -- Washington 52 -- -- 10 -- 42 Alaska 10 -- -- 4 -- 6 havaii 17 - --- 1 | 16 TOTAL: 384 0 0 320 0 64 OTHER District of Columbia 15 -- --- -- -- 15 * Puirto Vico 7 --- - -7 -- Virgin I-lands 3 -- --- --- 3 Canal Zone 3 -- - -- -- 3 Cuam 3 -- --- -- -- 3 TOTAL 31 0 0 7 0 24 GRAND TOTAL 3016 150-1/2 653 1310-1/2 369 533 COMMITTEE FOR THE RE-ELECTION OF THE PRESIDENT 1701 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE N.W WASHINGTON D. c. 20006 April 12, 1972 (202) 333.0920 CONFIDENTIAL MEMORANDUM FOR: THE HONORABLE JOHN N. MITCHELL FROM: JEB S. MAGRUDER Attached for your information is an analysis of the possible impact of Kennedy's candidacy. It was prepared by Rick Fore, Assistant to Bob Marik, and presents an interesting perspec- tive on Kennedy's ability to unite constituencies in ways which are not possible for other Democratic contenders. Attachment CONFIDENTIAL Committee for the Re-election of the President MEMORANDUM April 4, 1972 CONFIDENTIAL MEMORANDUM FOR: ROBERT H. MARIK FROM: RICHARD L. FORE SUBJECT: Senator Kennedy Although Senator Kennedy has consistently stated that he would not be a candidate for President in 1972, his name still surfaces in discussions of Democratic contenders. Therefore, it appears necessary to take an objective look at Kennedy as a potential opponent running against the President. Most polling information shows that Kennedy runs almost as well as Muskie does against Nixon. This was even true several months ago when Muskie was at his high point. During that same time period, Kennedy ran ahead of Humphrey when pitted against Nixon. It appears that Kennedy's constant denial of Presidential aspirations in 1972 has lowered his percentage in the polls recently. However, he still rates among the most formidable Democratic contenders. The President presently leads all his possible Democratic opponents. However, his track record in other elections diminishes the importance of his lead at this point. At this stage in 1960, Nixon was ahead of John Kennedy by 10 points. In 1962, Nixon led Pat Brown by 21 points in the California Governor's race. Against Hubert Humphrey in 1968, President Nixon ran ahead by 14 points, but barely won with a 500,000 vole plurality. It then appears in a Nixon-Kennedy race that you would have on one side an Incumbent President who has had a serious erosion problem in political campaigns. He presently does not have an overwhelming lead against any Democratic opponent. On the other side, you would have Ted Kennedy who runs almost as well as any potential Democratic candidate against the President. Potential Strong Points of a Kennedy Candidacy Although Kennedy starts nearly even with other Democratic contenders in the polls, there are additional variables that would make him a more formidable opponent. A critical view of each of these elements follows: CONFIDENTIAL - 2 - Youth Support - There are potentially 25 million 18 to 24 year olds eligible to vote in 1972. If 40% vote, 10 million young people will go to the polls. Senator Kennedy leads the President by a large margin with the voters in this age bracket. In trial heats with other Demo- crats against the President, Kennedy leads other contenders by 10% or more. This alone represents a vote shift of 2,000,000 from Nixon to Kennedy. Furthermore, Kennedy would probably increase this turn- out with this constituency. Black Support - Kennedy has a great deal of support with minority groups. In particular, the 7,000,000 Blacks who will probably vote in 1972 are a natural Kennedy constituency. Kennedy leads other Democrats by 5% or more in trial heats with the President. This represents a vote shift of 700,000 from Nixon to Kennedy. Democratic Party Support - While Senator Kennedy travels around the country, he keeps in contact with Democratic Party leaders. He has the support of the old guard in the Party such as John Bailey of Connecticut and Mayor Daley of Chicago. If he were to emerge as the nominee at the Convention, he would not have lost any blood in the primaries. He then could effectively unite the party and charge into the campaign against Nixon. He would be the reluctant hero answering the call of the Party. Kennedy Mystique The majority of the Democrats pitted against Nixon would provide a passionless and a generally uninteresting campaign. This would not be the case if Kennedy won. When Ted Kennedy would ask Americans to help him finish what his brother began, the voting popu- lation would once again become a victim of that "old Jack magic." A Kennedy candidacy would convey nostalgia and emotionalism. As one reporter summarized, "Kennedy would send shivers of joy, dread, anger and ecstacy throughout America like nothing since Robert Kennedy." Ted Kennedy already has the "halo effect" produced by his brothers. When polled, the American public views Kennedy as follows: 1. Sensitive to problems 2. Responsive 3. Clear grasp of the issues 4. Member of a family that cares CONFIDENTIAL -3- Media Campaign - Kennedy is already known by 90% of the American public. He is by far the most attractive candidate and would mount the most effective media campaign. Skillful communications' experts could pro- duce advertisements with his brothers speaking, with Ethel and Rose Kennedy working for Ted, and with many other images of the New Frontier. We would be fighting a myth. Fourth Party Candidacy - Eugene McCarthy has threatened to run as a fourth party candidate. His candidacy would lower the Democratic totals and generally benefit Republicans. The effect of his candidacy would be substantially dulled if Kennedy runs. Both candidates share the same constituency. Nixon would probably not have the luxury of a divisive fourth party candidate if Kennedy were to run. Potential Weak Points of a Kennedy Candidacy Just as there are positive elements in a Kennedy candidacy, there are also negative elements. Criticism of Kennedy follows: Chappaquiddick - Kennedy's most vulnerable point at the present is the drowning of Mary Jo Kopeckne while in his car at Chappaquiddick. This undoubtedly hurt Senator Kennedy with the American public at that time. It is still one of the first responses mentioned when people are questioned about Kennedy. However, it may not have hurt him as much as we would like to think. He still rates very high in truthfulness and integrity. Kennedy is the third most admired man (Nixon and Billy Graham are 1 and 2) in America today. Furthermore, it would be very difficult to take advantage of this event. It has already received maximum coverage. If Republicans continuously harp on Chappaquiddick, Kennedy could conceivably reverse the situation and receive a great deal of sympathy. Kennedy Intelligence - Kennedy has often been called an intellectual light- weight. This was much more evident in the past than it is now. He has assembled the best staff on Capitol Hill, who now keep him thoroughly briefed. Kennedy also has gained a certain degree of intellectual maturity. He recently has been coming down on the right side of issues. In committee hearings he has previously been reluctant to question vigorously. In the ITT hearings, he has been thoroughly briefed and has CONFIDENTIAL - 4 - been in the spotlight. Likewise, when Elliot Richardson, who is excellent in Committee hearings, recently appeared before the Senate Labor and Public Welfare Subcommittee on Aging, Kennedy did an out- standing job in quizzing Richardson. If Kennedy is not overly intelligent, his staff more than compensates for it. In a Presidential Campaign, Kennedy has many of his brothers' top- notch advisors that he could call on. Mankiewicz, Salinger, Goodwin and Walinsky have temporarily joined the McGovern campaign. He could have a group of aides who already have been in the field this year. Elderly - The elderly vote proves to be the Democrats' weakest point. Kennedy runs as well as any Democrat. However, Nixon has a very large margin with the elderly vote at the present. Kennedy is aware of the weakness and has really begun to work on the problem during the last session of Congress. Kennedy sits on the Labor and Public Welfare Subcommittee on Aging and the Sclect Committee on Nutrition and Human Needs. Most important, Kennedy is Chairman of the Health Subcommittee that has been touring the country holding "consumer" hearings on the "health care crisis" in our country. These hearings have received very positive media coverage. Much of his work on Health Care has emphasized the needs of the elderly. The President has just signed Kennedy's Nutrition Bill for the Elderly (Senate Bill 1163). This Bill provides program-funds to the states, that would give those over 60 one hot meal per day, five days per week. Although hearings are not yet well underway on the National Insurance Bill in the Senate Finance Committee, Kennedy's Senate Bill 3 has already enjoyed a widespread reception with the elderly. The Admini- stration has also introduced its own health bill. It, however, has not been as well received because it provides less coverage. Kennedy is effectively wooing the elderly vote by concentrating on Health Care. The huge expense of a Health Care program such as that proposed by Kennedy does not concern Senior Citizens. Elderly Americans are vitally interested in Health Care in their twilight years regardless of the cost to the Federal Government. CONFIDENTIAL -5- Strategy If it is agreed Kennedy is the strongest Democrat that could run against the President, a strategy should be divised to prevent his entry into the race. If a single candidate emerges as the front- runner before the convention, this strategy will probably not be necessary. The ideal situation would be a weakened Humphrey or Muskie limping into the convention and receiving the nomination. We, however, cannot take the chance of waiting for the convention. Kennedy must be eliminated now. We must lock him into his position as a non-candidate. Any adverse press that could be mobilized should be used to make him uncomfortable. Any information leaked now would be more believable while he is not a candidate. We should work in every way possible to see that Kennedy does not receive a mandate in the Oregon Primary where his name is on the ballot. IDENTIAL COMMITTEE FOR THE RE-ELECTION OF THE PRESIDENT 1701 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE. NW WASHINGTON D C 20006 April 28, 1972 (202) 333.0920 CONFIDENTIAL MEMORANDUM FOR: THE HONORABLE JOHN N. MITCHELL THROUGH: JEB S. MAGRUDER FROM: ARTHUR J. FINKELSTEIN SUBJECT: Conservative Party in New York If one looks beyond the Buckley vote total of 1970, the Conservative Party did not, in fact, do well. Their gubernatorial candidate, Paul Adams, received 17% less vote in 1970 than he did in 1966. Since Buckley received over two million votes on the Conservative Party line, one could surmise that a large portion of Adams 1 422,514 votes were Buckley "coat-tail" votes. Mathematically, the 1970 Conservative Party base vote (determined by adding the lowest vote total received on the Conservative Party line by county of any statewide candidate) is 341,059. This is only 20,000 more votes than it was in 1966 when Adams was the top of the ticket. Rockefeller's ability to rearrange his image so that he was perceived as a right-of-center candidate was largely responsible for this shift. If Nixon were to run without Conservative Party support, he would, of course, be perceived even further to the right than Rockefeller (without having the built in anti-Rockefeller vote inherent among many Conservatives). If the Conservative Party line were left void, Nixon's vote would suffer slightly from New York City conservative Democrats who would feel uneasy about voting for a Republican. However, this would amount to no more than 100,000 votes and probably less than 50,000 votes. If the Conservative Party fielded a Presidential candidate without a highly visible name, the shift in votes other than those mentioned above would probably be from Upstate and suburban (particularly Nassau and Suffolk County) Republicans. In this case, the Conservative CONF IDENTIAL - 2 - Party could be expected to draw 250,000 to 300,000 votes which, if the Conservative line were not listed, would probably break about 2 - 1 for Nixon, or a Nixon plurality-cost of no more than 100,000 votes. Finally, if Nixon were the candidate of the Conservative Party, he would attract that additional "no more than 100,000 vote" plurality but would feel some slight defection from liberal Republicans from suburban New York City (Nassau, Suffolk and Westchester ), leaving Nixon a plus of about 75,000 votes. Since Nixon lost New York State by 370,000 votes in 1968, the 50,000 to 100,000 vote difference the Conservative Party would make is critical only if other major inroads are made. Summing up, if: 1. the Conservative Party line is left blank, it would cost Nixon very little, say less than 50,000 votes. 2. the Conservative Party fields an unknown (Paul Adams type), then Nixon will be hurt by almost 100,000 votes. 3. Nixon is the Conservative Party nominee, his vote total will be improved by somewhat less than 100,000 votes. 4. Bill Buckley runs as Conservative Party nominee for President, it could hurt in a plurality sense by as much as 200,000 votes. For the most probable cases, the cost to Nixon is about 1%. CONFIDENTIAL