Ask the Scholar

Document scope · 1 page
doc
Scholar
Ask about this object, its catalog metadata, its source description, or the page inventory. For page-specific OCR and visual context, open one of the page chats.

Scholar Source Context

Document identity
localId
118565208
label
Republican National Committee Education Briefing Book (3)
core
doc
dtoType
document
pageCount
1
Source metadata
id
118565208
contentType
document
title
Republican National Committee Education Briefing Book (3)
identifierLocal
137
collections
Records of the White House Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff (Reagan Administration)
Michael Deaver's Political Files
imageCount
1
hasImages
yes
source
import
hasTranscription
no
Source extras
naId
118565208
coverageEndDate
logicalDate
1985-12-31
year
1985
coverageStartDate
logicalDate
1981-01-01
year
1981
levelOfDescription
fileUnit
recordType
description
ocrSource
nara-archive
Single page context
seq
1
pageIndex
0
type
document
mediaId
a5a0c2901eb25752
ocrText
Ronald Reagan Presidential Library Digital Library Collections This is a PDF of a folder from our textual collections. Collection: Deaver, Michael: Files Folder Title: Republican National Education Committee Briefing Book (3) Box: 66 To see more digitized collections visit: https://reaganlibrary.gov/archives/digital-library To see all Ronald Reagan Presidential Library inventories visit: https://reaganlibrary.gov/document-collection Contact a reference archivist at: [email protected] Citation Guidelines: https://reaganlibrary.gov/citing National Archives Catalogue: https://catalog.archives.gov/ SEAL OF OF THE XVI STATE OF STATE OF THE ACRICUL CREAT TENNESSEE State of Tennessee 1796 LAMAR ALEXANDER GOVERNOR May 27, 1983 Mr. Frank Fahrenkopf, Jr. Republican National Committee 310 First Street, SE Washington, DC 20003 Dear Frank, I enjoyed seeing you at Pete's dinner in Wilmington. Enclosed is a package of materials about the educa- tion issues, especially the idea of testing of teachers and paying them more for good performance. It is political dynamite. Republicans would do better in state and local races if they'd focus on issues like this. Sincerely, Lama Lamar Alexander LA/cs Enclosures REMARKS OF GOVERNOR LAMAR ALEXANDER TO THE CONFERENCE ON THE RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE NATIONAL COMMISSION ON EXCELLENCE IN EDUCATION Michigan State University East Lansing, Michigan May 13, 1983 Because of what we are trying to do in Tennessee, I was asked to offer the states' response to the report of the National Commission on Excellence in Education. I am proud that somebody in Michigan wants to hear about Tennessee's education program, especially our Master Teacher plan. North Carolina's children were on the cover of Newsweek last week because of quality education there. My goal is to make schools so good in Tennessee that every magazine wants to put our children on its cover and learn more about what we are doing. Tennessee has plenty of examples of good education, but we're known better for my next-door-neighbor, Minnie Pearl, for the Smoky Mountains and Jack Daniels and Elvis. We wouldn't trade all of that for anything. But we know that we are a poor state, 44th or 45th in family incomes. We need better jobs. To get those jobs we know that we need better skills and that you get those in better schools. The tone of the Commission's report was gloomy. It should have been. It had to talk about the problem. My response will be upbeat. I will be talking about what states are doing about the problem. In that respect, I am proud that Lieutenant Governor John S. Wilder is here today. Governor Wilder and his counterpart, House Speaker Ned Ray McWherter, joined with me to create the Legislature's Comprehensive Task Force on Public Education which in January defined our state agenda for educational reform. I am biased. But after looking around a little bit, I am convinced that Tennessee's report is the best state report in the country. It is the basis for the 10-point Better Schools Program which before our Legislature. It anticipated the concerns of the Commission on Excellence. 3 Why should we expect teachers to notice and reward students' excel- lence when we do not notice and reward teachers' excellence? Is it any wonder that in Tennessee, 42 percent of the teachers leave for another profession before they have taught seven years? Is it any wonder that the Dean of our largest College of Education (which also happens to have the highest admission and retention standards) says that the entering scores of freshman education students rank 12th of the 13 colleges on that campus. Not so long ago, the Dean says, the best female students in the university streamed into the colleges of education. In 1940, the year I was born, most Tennessee women did not work outside the home. Most of those who did were domestic workers. Almost all the rest were teachers, nurses and social workers. As a result, all my teachers in grades kindergarten through twelfth grade were women, except for three or four coaches. My best teachers were women. The women worked for bargain basement prices and the schools got real value. That doesn't work today in Tennessee or anywhere else. In 1983, in a country where most men and women have a wide choice of jobs that pay more to people who do their jobs best, how attractive will be a profession where the best seventh-grade veteran teacher makes $3,000 or $4,000 more per year than the newest and where, even worse, the best and the worst teacher are paid the same or worse than that, the worst performer makes more than the best performer? The Commission's report says we need "professionally competitive, market sensitive and performance-based" salaries for teachers. I'll also talk today about some other exciting initiatives in educa- tion that are springing up everywhere in America: in basic skills, in computer skills, in math and science, new job skills, centers of university excellence. But all of the high standards, big talk and long-range goals will not mean much if we cannot keep and attract to our classrooms some of the very best men and women in our society to do the real work. And we can almost guarantee ourselves that they will not be there if we do not pay teachers more money for doing a good job and evaluate teachers every five years or so to make certain that they continue to deserve that high pay. A state senator in Tennessee put it pretty well: if you want to get the best results, you hire the best people. * * * * * * * * * 5 Winchester. The Congressman is too far away to be of any real help. He just gets in the way. This is a national issue which cannot be solved by the national government but will be solved by a nation of states and local governments. But wouldn't federal money be nice. Well, yes, but here's the main problem with that. The federal government is never just content handing over the money. The federal government is like the friendly neighbor who brings a hot pie around just before supper and then decides to stay and tell you how to cook the beans, and wash your clothes, and raise the family and cure grandma's arthritis. When supper is served an hour late, whose fault is it? The federal government, since 1965, has gotten busy in the public schools. It now pays about 10 percent of the bill and gives 50 percent of the advice. It is tempting to think of all that federal money. The 20th Century Fund's report last week suggests a federal Master Teacher program. For five billion or so federal dollars -- we could put in a good incentive pay program in every state in America. Washington spills $5 billion a week. The problem is: Washington's involvement just confuses the issue. It causes taxpayers to look to Washington to figure out whom to blame. The responsibility is somewhere else. Courts? Their cross-town busing plans do undermine quality education so often. Until recently in Nashville, a child might be bused to five different schools in eight years. Colleges of Education? They deserve a swift kick in the pants. We are at an institution where some of the best research on effective schools has been done. But try to collect a list of comprehensive plans for incentive pay for teachers and evaluation of public school teachers and see how many really good plans you get? Teachers and principals, especially teachers' unions? Too often they are in charge, but they should not be. 7 "Time" was one of the subjects that was discussed in the Commission's report. One state mandates 190 days by statute--New York. One state, Kentucky, mandates 185. One state, Ohio, mandates 182. Twenty-eight states mandate 180. Tennessee is one of those. Arkansas mandates 150. That's the fewest number of days. The Commission recommended 200. In our state, we believe we ought to make better use of the time we've got before we go to the 200 days. But as a goal, it makes sense to think about it. "Content" was another part of the Commission's report. What are states doing about math? Nine states since 1980 have added an additional course in math. Thirty-five states require at least one course. Twenty states have taken some action to increase math requirements in the last two years. What about science? Thirty-five states require at least one science course. Eight states are considering increases. Seven would increase the requirement from one to two courses. Since 1980, eleven states have taken some action to increase science requirements. * * * * * * * Now, what about the Better Schools Program in Tennessee? Our legisla- tors' report believed and I strongly believe that no one solution solves much of anything in education. Here are the 10 points of the "Better Schools Program" we are working on in Tennessee: 1. Basic Skills First. That's the name of our basics curriculum. It's in over 600 schools. It identifies, for example, 680 skills in reading which must be learned. The idea is that every child (except those severely handicapped) will learn eighth-grade skills before they finish eighth grade. 2. Computer Skills Next. That's the name of our computer program. The idea is that every child will know basic computer skills before the ninth grade. 3. Kindergarten for every child. 4. We doubled our high school math and science requirements starting this year. 5. Three five-week residential summer schools for gifted high school juniors and seniors. 6. Redefine our high school vocational education curriculum to try to tie it more closely with the rapidly changing jobs of the eighties and purchase new equipment. 7. Improve classroom discipline by using alternative schools: take some of the kids who simply make it impossible to teach and teach them together. They're eager to get back to the regular classroom after a little while. It gives the teacher one more option for maintaining a learning environment. 9 Now for my last point. Will this really happen? The idea of paying teachers more money for doing a good job has been around for a long time and it's not being done anywhere. I am convinced it will happen. Every state will consider it; most will do it. There are some compelling reasons why. The first reason is the change of the status of women in our working force. We cannot expect in the future to buy superior female talent for our schools at cheap prices as we have in the past. The second reason is the people will demand it. I have some hard facts on that. Peter Hart is perhaps the leading pollster in the country for Democratic candidates. In April, 1983, a Tennessee citizen group supporting our Better Schools Program commissioned a Hart poll of Tennesseans' views on education matters. Let me give you an idea of the political dynamite Peter Hart found in Tennessee. For example, do you feel the state should be spending more to improve public education? Sixty-seven percent, yes. Twenty-nine percent said it's adequate today. Have you heard or read anything about Governor Alexander's Master Teacher Program? Seventy-six percent said yes. That's after only two and one half months of my talking about it. It took me five years to get that well known as a candidate in Tennessee so that I could get people to consider me seriously for Governor. In two months, 76 percent of Tennesseans hear, know and have an opinion about the Master Teacher Program. Do you favor Master Teacher or oppose it? Fifty-eight percent favor- able to twenty-six percent, and the twenty-six percent includes all those who were against it because it requires a big tax increase. Now, let me read you three statements on the issue of salary increases for teachers. Tell me which one comes closest to your own point of view. Statement A: I would support a tax increase in order to pay for an across-the-board increase in teacher salaries. Thirteen percent agree. Statement B: I would support a tax increase in order to pay for a teacher salary plan that is based on merit and geared to rewarding teachers who meet high standards of competence. Fifty-seven percent agree. Statement C: I would not support any tax increase for higher teacher salaries at this time. Twenty-six percent. So twice as many people wouldn't support any tax increase for teacher salaries as would support it for across-the-board. And by far, most people would prefer to support a tax increase for an incentive pay plan. Here are a couple or three more responses to the Hart poll. THE OF AGRICULTURE TENNATURE 7796 TENNESSEE STATE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION OFFICE OF COMMISSIONER NASHVILLE 37219 March 23, 1983 Dear Fellow Educators: Immediately following the Governor's State of Education Address, I forwarded to you copies of the initial technical reports which explained the MASTER TEACHER PROGRAM and the MASTER PRINCIPAL PROGRAM. Since that time, the MASTER TEACHER-MASTER ADMINISTRATOR bill has been introduced and amendments have been negotiated and announced. I am enclosing, for your review and information, a draft report which summarizes the MASTER TEACHER-MASTER ADMINISTRATOR PROGRAM. This draft reflects the changes an- nounced March 17, 1983, most coming as a direct result of input by teachers across the state. The most significant changes reflected in the revised report include the following: 1. Every teacher except the beginning apprentice teacher will be eligible for a $1,000.00 profes- sional teacher supplement under this new program. This will be phased in on a seniority basis over a three-year period beginning 1984-85. 2. With the addition of the new supplement for professional teachers joining the program, an estimated 87 percent of all teachers will be eligible for the special higher pay. 3. The Governor's four-year plan calls for a 20% increase in the state salary base. The state in- centive supplement is in addition to this 20% increase in the state salary base: As other changes and/or amendments are made, you will be notified. Many of you have asked about the evaluation component of the MASTER TEACHER-MASTER ADMINISTRATOR PROGRAM. After an initial draft of the evaluation criteria, standards and pro- cedures is developed, regional meetings will be held so that representative teachers from the various school systems may assist in finalizing these evaluation components. The toll-free "hot-line" will continue to be available, with persons on duty between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 4:30 p.m. Monday through Friday (Central Standard Time), to answer questions you may have regarding the program. The number is 1-800-342-5005. We welcome your comments. Sincerely, Robert L. Robert L. McElrath Commissioner TENNESSEE BETTER SCHOOLS PROGRAM Better Schools will mean better jobs and higher incomes for Gifted Juniors and Seniors, 6) Redefinition of High School Tennesseans. The BETTER SCHOOLS PROGRAM is de- Vocational Education Curriculum, 7) Classroom Discipline, 8) signed to promote excellence in education. It includes ten Adult Job Training under one Board, 9) Centers of Excellence points: 1) BASIC SKILLS FIRST, 2) COMPUTER SKILLS at Universities and 10) The Master Teacher-Master Adminis- NEXT, 3) Kindergarten for Every Child, 4) More High School trator Program. This document presents an outline of the Math and Science, 5) Special Residential Summer Schools for Master Teacher-Master Administrator Program. MASTER TEACHER MASTER ADMINISTRATOR PROGRAM Introduction tral office supervisor/administrator other than the superinten- The Master Teacher-Administrator Program is an incentive dent. Entry into the program is optional for currently pay system that will improve the quality of elementary and employed professionals. Any person certified and employed secondary education in Tennessee by strengthening the knowl- full-time prior to July 1, 1983, and who becomes certified and edge, preparation, incentives, professionalism, and rewards of employed under this program prior to the expiration of their all educators. The program protects the benefits and positions first certificate issued by the State Certification Commission, of every currently employed teacher or administrator. In this may elect to renew the certificate previously issued by the State document the term "teacher" includes classroom teachers and Board of Education. This option, however, may be exercised other certified building level personnel such as librarians and only once. All employees certified after the effective date of resource teachers. The term "administrator" is used in the the Better Schools Master Teacher-Master Administrator Act generic sense to mean a building level administrator or a cen- will be in the new program. Framework by the Regional Commission to conduct on-site observations of candidates applying for the program. The evaluation of The Master Teacher-Master Administrator Program will classroom teachers may include observation in such areas as operate under the auspices of the State Certification Commis- classroom management, teacher instructional behavior, and sion and three Regional Commissions. The State Certification planning. The observation of principals may include such Commission will be composed of 13 members and will be areas as the identified goals and objectives of the school, responsible for standards and criteria for the certification of school leadership, and school climate. Observations of special all educators under this program. Three Regional Commis- personnel and other administrators will focus on criteria sions, composed of 9 members each, will exist in the grand related to specific job performances. divisions of the state and will review applications, assign evaluation teams, and make recommendations concerning cer- The selection and evaluation processes will include appeal tification to the State Certification Commission. rights for teachers and administrators. Due process will be ac- corded all candidates and participants in the Master Teacher- An Interim Commission composed of 13 members will be Master Administrator Program. established for one year to select the initial participants for the program. Members of the Interim Commission will include: In selected instances certificates may not be renewed or a per- the Teacher of the Year for the present year and the past three son may not wish to continue in the program at their present years, the president and president-elect of the Tennessee certification level. In such situations provisions are available Education Association, the presidents of the Tennessee for reentry at other levels. Organization of School Superintendents, Tennessee School The State Department of Education will sponsor the Ten- Boards Association and Tennessee Association of Supervision nessee Principal-Administrator Academy to instill and rein- and Curriculum Development, the Commissioner of Educa- force instructional and supervisory leadership for educational tion, and three lay persons. The Interim Commission will be effectiveness. The Academy is not a single institution, but it is convened immediately by the Commissioner of Education to an organizational framework for a wide array of educational begin work on procedures and guidelines. and training programs for school leaders. The Academy will be Master Teachers and Master Administrators will be assigned conducted at various locations in the state. PAGE 2 March 23 1983 CAREER PATHS FOR TEACHERS AND ADMINISTRATORS APPRENTICE TEACHER Entry Routes: or Completion of a teacher training program and recommen- Employment standards required for trade shop personnel dation by an approved institution of higher education Certificate: Trade shop personnel who meet appropriate standards Three-year Qualifications/Requirements: Nonrenewable Student teaching Contract/State Salary: Successful completion of the National Teacher's Examina- tion Regular school term of 200 days State salary schedule based on training and experience Bachelor's Degree PROFESSIONAL TEACHER Observation by evaluation team/teacher interview Entry Routes: Three (3) years as an apprentice teacher Certificate A currently certified teacher with three (3) or more years of experience who wishes to enter the new career paths Five-year Renewable Contract/State Salary: Qualifications/Requirements: Knowledge of subject matter Regular school term of 200 days State salary schedule based on training and experience plus Acceptable student achievement Participation in professional growth activities state incentive pay supplement of $1,000 SENIOR TEACHER Certificate: Entry Routes: Three (3) to five (5) years as a professional teacher Five-year A currently certified teacher who has eight (8) or more Renewable years of appropriate experience Contract/State Salary: Qualifications/Requirements: Contract for 10 months (200 days)-current teachers only Acceptable student achievement -State salary schedule based on training and experience Participation in professional growth activities Observation by evaluation team/teacher interview plus state incentive pay supplement of $2,000 Contract for 11 months (220 days) Exceptional classroom practice Capability and willingness to assume additional duties -State salary schedule based on training and experience Evaluations by local supervisors and administrators plus state incentive pay supplement of $4,000 MASTER TEACHER Evaluations by local supervisors and administrators Entry Routes: Skill in supervising, evaluating, and improving the perfor- Five (5) years as a senior teacher mance of other teachers A currently certified teacher who has twelve (12) or more years of appropriate experience Certificate: Five-year Qualifications/Requirements: Renewable Acceptable student achievement Contract/State Salary: Participation in professional growth activities Observation by evaluation team/teacher interview Contract for 10 months (200 days)-current teachers only Classroom effectiveness -State salary schedule based on training and experience Capability and willingness to assume additional duties plus state incentive pay supplement of $3,000 March 23, 1983 PAGE 3 MASTER TEACHER QUALIFICATIONS, Continued Contract for 11 months (220 days)-current teachers only Contract for 12 months (240 days) -State salary schedule based on training and experience -State salary schedule based on training and experience plus state incentive pay supplement of $5,000 plus state incentive pay supplement of $7,000 PROVISIONAL ADMINISTRATOR Entry Routes: Qualifications/Requirements: Successful Completion of Internship A minimum of a master's degree in Educational Adminis- Master Teacher's Certificate tration/Supervision or in appropriate specialty Senior Teacher's Certificate and two years as a senior Administrative or supervisory skill assessment teacher Participation in Principal-Administrator Academy Observation by master administrator One year as a successful administrator in a comparable position in another state Certificate: Presently a Tennessee teaching or supervising principal or a Three-year Nonrenewable central office supervisor/administrator Students enrolled prior to July 1, 1983, in educational ad- Contract/State Salary: ministration/supervision programs who complete the pro- 11 months gram and enter the Master Administrator Program by July Appropriate administrator salary schedule or, if senior or 1, 1986. master teacher, current salary SENIOR ADMINISTRATOR Entry Routes: Professional growth activities Provisional Administrator with three years successful ex- School improvement and staff development perience Observation by master administrators Presently either a Tennessee supervising principal or central Participation in Principal-Administrator Academy School climate indicators office supervisor/administrator with four or more years ex- perience Certificate: Five-year Qualifications/Requirements: Renewable Four years (within the last seven years) of successful ex- Contract/State Salary: perience as an administrator Student building level or systemwide achievement scores 11 months (minimum) Teacher assessment Appropriate administrator salary schedule based on train- Successful school/community relations ing and experience plus state pay supplement of $4,000. MASTER ADMINISTRATOR Entry Routes: School improvement and staff development Observation by master administrator Senior Administrator with at least five years successful ex- Dissemination of school and systemwide policies perience Presently either a Tennessee supervising principal or central Participation in Principal-Administrator Academy School climate indicators office supervisor/administrator with five or more years ex- perience Certificate: Five-year Qualifications/Requirements: Renewable Five years (within the last 8 years) of successful experience as an administrator Contract/State Salary: Student building level or systemwide achievement scores Teacher assessment 12 months Successful school/community relations Appropriate administrator salary schedule based on train- Professional growth activities ing and experience plus state pay supplement of $7,000. PAGE 4 March 23, 1983 IMPROVEMENTS MADE BY LEGISLATIVE SPONSORS OF THE MASTER TEACHER-MASTER ADMINISTRATOR ACT Concern with Original Proposal Change 1. Good teachers would have to wait eight or 1. Every teacher except the beginning Apprentice Teacher will be eligible for a more years to receive the special incen- $1,000 Professional Teacher supplement under the new program. This will tive pay supplements. Many would not be phased in on a seniority basis over a three-year period beginning want to wait that long. 1984-85. This will be in addition to the teacher's regular salary. 2. The majority of teachers would not 2. With the addition of the new supplement for Professional Teachers joining receive an incentive pay supplement from the program, an estimated 87 percent of all teachers-those with three or the state. Only 35 percent would receive more years experience-will be eligible for the special higher pay. the special state-paid supplements. 3. The 10 percent cap on state-paid Master 3. The 10 percent limit on state-paid Master Teacher positions has been in- Teachers may be too restrictive, espe- creased to 15 percent. The 25 percent limit for state-paid Senior Teachers cially for smaller school districts. remains the same. Therefore, 40 percent of all teachers in a school system could now receive one of the two higher supplements. 4. Not all outstanding teachers could work 4. The supplement formula has been changed SO the Master Teacher will now year-round or even 11 months. That have an option of working on a 10-, 11- or 12-month contract. The Senior means they could not be Master or Senior Teacher could work either on a 10- or 11-month contract. State-paid sup- Teachers if they must work 11 or 12 plements will vary according to the length of the contract. * months. This is unfair for teachers with The 10-month Senior Teacher will receive a $2,000. supplement; the children at home or who must be away 11-month Senior Teacher $4,000. from school in the summer months for other reasons. The Master Teacher will receive a $3,000 supplement on a 10-month con- tract, $5,000 on 11 months, and $7,000 on 12 months. *Note: This option is available only to those persons who were certified as a teacher for the first time and employed as a teacher full time prior to July 1, 1983. Persons certified as a teacher for the first time on or after July 1, 1983, and employed as a senior or master teacher, will be required to enter an 11-month contract as a senior teacher and a 12-month contract as a master teacher. 5. The corresponding cap on the number of 5. The 25 percent limit on state-paid Senior Principals and Supervisors has state-paid Senior and Master Principals been increased to 35 percent. The 10 percent limit for state-paid Master and Supervisors may also be unrealistic. Principals and Supervisors has been doubled to 20 percent. The Senior Principal and Senior Supervisor supplement will be $4,000. The Master Principal and Master Supervisor supplement will be $7,000. 6. The size of the supplements eventually 6. The legislation now provides that the General Assembly will review the sup- may need to be increased. plements at least every four years. 7. The process by which teachers will be 7. The legislation has been extensively revised and expanded to spell out the evaluated is too vague. We haven't seen evaluation criteria and process in greater detail. This change is based on the standards that will be used to judge the relevant portion of the bill developed by the TEA. Even further details effective performance in the classroom. will be developed by the Interim Commission. 8. The appeal or grievance procedure called 8. The section of the bill providing a review process for teachers who are for in the bill is vague and inadequate. denied a higher level of certification has been extensively expanded with a detailed procedure for appeal and review. For example, the Commission could now extend a certificate for an additional year while a decision is be- ing reviewed. Continued March 23, 1983 PAGE 5 Concern with Original Proposed Change 9. A teacher now on the job who decides to 9. The program will now include a "toe-in-the-water" provision. Presently- enter the new system may want to get out employed teachers may enter the new system but return to the old system later and return to the old certification later. Entrance into the new program is strictly voluntary for any teacher system. now teaching. 10. Master Teachers who are hired by a local 10. Once a teacher qualifies for and receives an incentive supplement as'a Pro- school board one year might be unfairly fessional, Senior or Master Teacher, he or she cannot be denied the supple- treated if that board chose to employ ment unless there is cause for dismissal, failure to maintain the certificate, someone else in the same slot the follow- or a personal decision not to perform the extra duties required of the Senior ing year. or Master Teacher. 11. Won't the Commissioner of Education 11. The limit on the number of state-paid incentive supplements would be have too much discretion in regard to the reached in 1986-87. Thereafter, every school system will be guaranteed a cap that is placed each year on the state-paid complement of 15 percent Master Teachers and 25 percent number of state-paid Senior and Master Senior Teachers. In addition, the legislation now more clearly relates any in- Teachers a local system can employ? terim limitations to the actual revenues that will be produced by the phased- in sales tax increase. 12. Master Teachers should be out. of the 12. Master Teachers could be out of the classroom no more than 10 days out of classroom as little as possible. The the school year. Senior Teachers could be out of the classroom no more minimum of 65 percent of time to be than five days per school year. spent in the classroom is too low. 13. The 21-member State Master Teacher 13. The size has been cut from 21 members to 13. Appointees will be subject to Certification Commission is too cumber- confirmation by both houses of the General Assembly. They will have more some. Its large size may actually make it authority to set standards and to certify all teachers under the new pro- more vulnerable to control by the State gram. Department of Education. 14. The composition of the extremely impor- 14. The Interim Commission's 13 members will include the current "Teacher of tant Interim Commission is too vague. the Year''; the three most recent past Teachers of the Year; the president and president-elect of the TEA; the presidents of the Tennessee Organiza- tion of School Superintendents, the Tennessee School Boards Association and the Tennessee Association of Supervision and Curriculum Develop- ment; the Commissioner of Education, and three distinguished lay persons. 15. No provision is made to review and 15. The State Board of Education, the new Certification Commission, and the ultimately increase the standards in the Tennessee Higher Education Commission over the next two years will study colleges of education that train the new the adequacy of the teacher training programs-including curriculum, teachers. faculty and other factors-and report these findings to the Legislature. Estimated cost of Program in 1986-87: Original Program $116,427,000 Improved Program $116,024,000 This public document was promulgated at a cost of $2,536.42 or 5c per copy to inform educators and members of the public about significant changes in the Master Teacher-Master Administrator Act. Printing Auth. No. 2059; 50,000 copies. PAGE 6 March 23, 1983 How The Plan Will Be Funded The Governor Alexander has asked Better Schools for his first general tax increase in five years to fund the program. It will be implemented over four Program years in order to make the transi- tion as effective and smooth as possible. The Governor has asked the legislature to increase the sales tax by one-half cent effective January 1, 1984, and another half cent effective January 1, 1985. This additional revenue will sup- ply the $210 million necessary to fully implement the program. OF THE XVI STATE STATE OF AGRIC OMMERC 7796 TURE TREAT "No teacher in Tennessee's public school system is paid a penny more for excellence in performance." Lamar Alexander 001-00323 03-83-050M "This public document was promulgated at a cost of $0.01 per copy, to provide an explanation of the Better Schools Program." Printing Authorization Number 2039; 50,000 copies printed. Prepared by the Better Schools Task Force Newspapers Endorse Program What Is The "We support Gov. Lamar Alexander's Master Teacher Program. The govern- Tennesseans share a common concern- or's program is the major plank in his how can we make our state a better place to broad program to raise the educational live? level of the state by a substantial incre- ment within just the next few years-the Members of the legislature are considering remainder of his term. What irony if the the BETTER SCHOOLS PROGRAM, which.in major opposition to that so admirable the opinion of many people-including Gov. broad goal came from within the educa- Lamar Alexander-is a very important key in tional system itself." opening the door to the state's brightest days. The Oak Ridger Gov. Alexander offered the program to the "The governor's innovative leadership in General Assembly, taking many of its recom- helping Tennessee improve its education mendations-including the crucial Master system ought to be viewed for what it is- Teacher concept-directly from a year-long of utmost importance in the well-being of study of the state's educational structure the people and the economy of the state." conducted by educational leaders and mem- Nashville Banner bers of the legislature. And now a group of Democrats and Republicans is sponsoring this "Given the problem and the solution, legislation. there should be no doubt that the govern- or's proposals point in the right direction. The BETTER SCHOOLS PROGRAM offers Details will be debated. Some priorities what its name implies-but there is so much will be challenged. But the concept is more. Better and more jobs for Tennesseans, unassailable. This is Tennessee's incentive pay and a more professional career greatest challenge. This is the time to for Tennessee's teachers, computer skills, kinder- meet it." garten for every child and a coordinated focus Memphis Commercial-Appeal for vocational education. These points and others are included in the proposal, which will "When Alexander talks better schools, be improved as it goes through the legislative he's not talking about schools just for process. teachers or better schools for governors and legislators. He's talking about better This is a program that you as a concerned schools for everyone. One percent of taxpayer can-and should-help to create. Tennessee's population has already had You should voice your support for these a lot to say about the new schools fundamental improvements by contacting your program. Just think what the 99 percent legislators. The members of the General Assem- of us left could do." bly want to know what you think about the Jackson Sun program. "We have cried long and loud for better, If you have questions about the BETTER more meaningful education. The governor SCHOOLS PROGRAM, a toll-free hotline is has a plan to give us just that and we being operated by the State Department of should support him in bringing that plan Education five days a week from 8 a.m. until to reality." 4:30 p.m., CST. The number is 1-800-342-5005. McMinnville Standard BETTER SCHOOLS PROGRAM? The program is based on 10 points: Centers of Excellence at Universities: Pro- vide first-rate financing for first-rate pro- Basic Skills First. The teacher-designed new grams and better overall support for good elementary curriculum is in 11,366 class- teaching and research. In the 1980's, good rooms. It establishes 1,300 skills in reading universities will spin off the ideas that spin and math, 680 of which must be learned. By off new jobs. 1990, every child (who is not severely Music in the early grades. With budgets so handicapped) should pass the Basic Skills tight, this is not a top ten priority. But a First eighth grade competency test before small state base of support will be provided, entering ninth grade. and additional money will be raised privately to bolster Tennessee's musical heritage. Computer Skills Next. Every child will know basic computer skills before the ninth grade. The Master Teacher Program and Master Principal Program. This is the heart of the Kindergarten for Every Child. Every child plan. must start school at the kindergarten level, even if the child does not start until age six. The Master Teacher Program More High School Math and Science. Double Our teachers are good, but they can be the one credit of math and one of science we better. The same holds true for our principals. now require and pay for the extra teachers. The MASTER TEACHER and MASTER Special Residential Summer Schools for PRINCIPAL PROGRAMS simply offer an Gifted Juniors and Seniors. Reward aca- opportunity for us to pay our best teachers demic excellence, not just athletic excel- and best principals more money for doing a lence. top job. This is the same system under which almost all professionals operate, but it is not Redefine High School Vocational Education being done for public school teachers any- Curriculum. Tie it more closely to the jobs of where in the country. the 80's and provide equipment. Under the present system, our best teachers Classroom Discipline. Create alternative are paid no more than the worst, leaving little schools for students who disrupt classrooms. financial future for our best teachers. And so State-paid liability insurance for teachers many of them leave what they enjoy doing and all other school personnel costs only most-teaching our children-in order to find $2.50 per teacher. We should support true career opportunities, make more money teachers, not sue them in court. and offer a better future for their families. Put Adult Job Skill Training Under the Board The MASTER TEACHER PROGRAM is an of Regents. Our 40 community colleges, incentive pay system. that will make teaching technical institutes and area vocational a fully professional career, draw our best schools should have a single overall manage- young people into it, challenge our best ment. Most of us over 21 will be going back teachers to do even better and inspire excel- to school to brush up on basic skills and lence in our classrooms by rewarding excel- learn computer skills and new job skills. lence in our teachers. REWARDING TENNESSEE'S TEACHERS A Career Ladder The Better Schools Program will provide an opportunity for 87 percent of Tennessee's teachers to receive additional pay for excel- lence in performance. The program will set up four career stages: Apprentice, Professional, Senior and Master teachers. Professional, Senior and Master teachers must all renew their licenses (or move up to a higher license) every five years. The program is optional for teachers under the Incentive Pay present system. PROFESSIONAL TEACHER. Teachers award- ed the professional status will be paid $1,000 more than a regular teacher makes today. SENIOR TEACHER. A teacher awarded Senior status will be paid $2,000 more by the state for a 10-month contract and $4,000 more for an 11-month contract. This means a 10- year teacher who is earning $16,669 will get a salary increase to $20,669. The state will pay all additional costs for about 11,500 Senior Teachers. That is 25 per- cent of all state teachers and about 50 percent of those who have taught over eight years. MASTER TEACHER. Teachers awarded this Master status must have 13 years of experience and will accept additional responsibilities, including the evaluation of teachers in other school districts. Master Teachers will receive $3,000 more for working under a 10-month contract; $5,000 more for an 11-month contract; and $7,000 more for a 12-month contract. The state will pay all of the extra costs for those teachers who :qualify in the Master category-about 15 percent of all teachers. A similar incentive pay system will be estab- lished in the corresponding MASTER PRINCI- PAL PROGRAM for school administrators. I want to help! Please include my name among "Tennesseans for Master Teachers." NAME ADDRESS CITY/STATE COUNTY PHONE Tear off this coupon and mail to: Jennesseans MasterJeachers for 16th Floor, James K. Polk Buildin Nashville, Tennessee 37219 CONFIDENTIAL A SURVEY OF VOTER ATTITUDES IN THE STATE OF TENNESSEE April 1983 Peter D. Hart Research Associates, Inc. 1724 Connecticut Avenue, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20009 iii Introduction This report presents the findings of a survey conducted by Peter D. Hart Research Associates, Inc., among a representative sample of registered voters in Tennessee. The survey was designed to examine voters' attitudes toward public education in Tennessee and their reactions to Governor Alexander's proposed Master Teacher program. Between April 11 and April 13, 1983, trained members of the Hart Research field staff interviewed 502 registered voters in Tennessee. The interviews were administered by telephone, and each one lasted approximately 15 minutes. A. copy of the questionnaire used in the survey can be found in the Appendix to this report. Respondents were selected by scientific, random sampling methods that gave every registered voter in a telephone-equipped household an equal chance of being interviewed. The sample was drawn from recent election and Census data to apportion the interviews among counties and civil divisions accurately. Indi- vidual households were contacted by a random digit dialing technique geared to the distribution of telephone exchanges with- in geographic areas. The sampling procedures and other technical aspects of the survey are more fully described in the Appendix. This report is divided into three parts. The first presents a narrative summary of the key survey findings. The tables presenting the results for the total electorate and key subgroups make up the second part of the report. The third part is the Appendix referred to above. iv The study was commissioned by the P.A.S.S. Committee through the auspices of Walker & Associates. Glossary Throughout this report, we will use special terminology in referring to key subgroups of the electorate. For the reader's benefit, those terms that may not be self-explanatory are defined below. Geographic areas For the purposes of analysis, the state was divided into six geographic regions: Shelby County (19%) Rural West (13%) : Middle Tennessee (28%), Lower East (13%), Mid East (15%), and Upper East (12%). A map in the Appendix outlines the composition of these regions. Democrats (44%) In Q. F6a, respondents were asked to Independents (30%) describe their point of view with regard Republicans (26%) to the political parties. These grouping reflect respondents' self-described attitudes rather than party registration. Consistent supporters of These respondents either (1) express program (50%) support for the Master Teacher program in Q. 7b, Q. 8a, and Q. 10, or (2) do not take a stand either way in Q. 7b, but express support in both Q. 8a and Q. 10. Consistent opponents of These respondents either (1) express program (16%) opposition to the Master Teacher program in Q. 76, Q.8a, and Q. 10, or (2) do not take a stand either way in 2. 70, but take a negative stand in both Q. 8a and Q. 10. Mixed/uncertain on These respondents either (1) switch program (34%) position on the Master Teacher program in the course of questions 7b, 8a, and 10, or (2) express uncertainty or mixed feelings about the program in Q. 8a or Q. 10. V High familiarity with program These respondents say in Q. 7a (37%) that they have heard or read about Governor Alexander's Master Teacher program and that they know a fair amount about it. Education priority (45%) In Q. 3a,b, these respondents select. "improving public edu- cation" as a top priority for state government. MONITION In accordance with its professional responsibilities and obli- gations, Peter D. Hart Research Associates, Inc., reserves the right to take all necessary steps to ensure that any public release of the findings contained herein is accurate and fair. Peter D. Hart Research Associates. Inc. SUMMARY OF MAJOR FINDINGS 3 Attitudes Toward Public Education (1) Nearly half of all Tennessee voters consider education a top priority for state government, and the issue is high on the voters' agenda for governmental action. When selecting from a list of six alternatives the most important issues for state government to deal with, 45% name "improving public education" as their first or second choice--ranking it slightly behind "dealing with unemployment" (55%), and ahead of "fighting crime" (32%), "dealing with inflation" (28%), "holding the line on taxes" (23%), and "protecting the environment" (11%). (2) One sign of the electorate's commitment to improving the state's education system is that fully 67% say the state should be spending more to improve public education, even if it means an increase in taxes, while just 29% feel that the current level of state government spending is adequate. Voters are somewhat more likely to support spending increases for education than for fighting crime, while only a small minority back state spending increases for protecting the environment. Current Spend Level Not More Adequate Sure % % % Improving public education 67 29 4 Fighting crime 55 38 7 Protecting the environment 24 62 14 4 (3) By a margin of 52% to 42%, a majority of Tennessee voters believe the quality of their local public school system is falling short of what it should be rather than meeting ex- pectations. Although dissatisfaction with the status quo in the public schools is not universal, the quality of public education receives substantially more criticism than either of two other public services we tested. As Good As Can Be Falling Not Expected Short Sure % % % Fire protection 82 13 5 Police protection 68 31 1 Public school system 42 52 6 (4) When asked in an open-ended question, fully 80% of all voters can volunteer at least one change or improvement they would like to see made to provide better quality education in the public schools. The most common suggestions relate to teachers and the quality of teaching--with voters volunteering that the system needs better teachers, more dedicated teachers, and teacher evaluation procedures (26%) ; there should be raises in teacher pay and salary increases to attract better teachers (16%) ; and Governor Alexander's Master Teacher program should be implemented (7%). Secondarily, voters stress the need for improved curriculum (7% say "get back to basics," 6% volunteer the need for better and expanded curriculum generally, and 6% specify the need for more computer, technological, math, and science courses) and a more productive environment in the schools (11% call for more dis- cipline, and 4% call for more parental guidance). 5 (5) When rating the current situation in the public schools on a number of specifics, large majorities indicate that the status quo is less than good and that changes are needed: 77% say changes are needed when it comes to attracting high quality people to the teaching profession, including 41% who believe major changes are required; 75% say changes must be made to give students the quality education they need to get a good job, including 45% who say major reforms are called for; 74% call for changes in the status quo with regard to requiring teachers to meet high standards of competence, with 36% saying major changes are needed; 72% want change with regard to having a system of teacher pay that encourages and rewards excellence in teaching, with 39% voicing support for major changes; and 72% believe the system should be changed and improved with regard to providing incentives for teachers to do a better job, including 36% who call for major reforms. In short, there is a consensus among the electorate that on a variety of specific areas related to the quality of education, the status quo can and should be changed for the better. Regarding competency standards for teachers, we note that by an overwhelming 81%-to-15% margin, Tennessee voters agree with the idea of requiring teachers to pass a competency test in order to keep their jobs; a majority of 55% strongly agree. Attitudes Toward the Master Teacher Program (1) Awareness of Governor Alexander's Master Teacher program for Tennessee public schools is widespread. Fully three-quarters of all voters (76%) say they have heard or read about the proposal, including 38% who say they know a fair amount about it. 6- (2) There is broad and consistent support for the Master Teacher program among the electorate, and this support tends to be strong. We probed voters' attitudes toward the Master Teacher program in a variety of ways--such as providing both positive and negative statements about the proposal and in three separate instances voters indicate support for the program by at least a 2-to-1 margin. (3) First, we asked voters who are aware of the proposal how they feel about the Master Teacher program. A majority of 58% favor it (including 32% who support it strongly), just 26% oppose it (with 14% strongly in opposition), and 16% are not sure. All major constituencies in the electorate indicate a preference for the proposal, including voters of all party affiliations: Favor Oppose Not Sure % % % All Voters 58 26 16 Democrats 52 32 16 Independents 54 28 18 Republicans 70 15 15 There is especially broad support for the proposal among voters who place a high priority on improving the quality of education (67% favor, 18% oppose) and among parents whose children currently attend public school (61% favor, 25% oppose). Among voters who are most familiar with the program, 57% favor it and 35% oppose it. Peter D. Hart Research 7 (4) Next, we provided respondents with the following brief description of the Master Teacher proposal and then asked them for their opinion of the program based on the description: The basic philosophy behind the Master Teacher program is that all teachers should be required to have their performance evaluated every five years, and that there should\be special salary incentives and merit pay for teachers who meet high standards of performance. Specifically, there would be four levels that teachers could attain-with the amount of merit pay tied to the level the teacher reaches as a re- sult of his or her evaluation. The evaluations would be conducted by teachers who have proven themselves to be superior, and the cost of the merit pay would come from state tax revenues. After hearing this description, 73% of the voters say they favor the Master Teacher program, just 23% say they oppose it, and 4% have ambivalent feelings. Again, support for the program occurs throughout the range of constituencies and subgroups. Strong supporters outnumber strong opponents by 42% to 13%. (5) Finally, voters were given two statements about the Master Teacher program--one proponents might make outlining its advantages and one opponents might make about its drawbacks. Even after hearing the criticisms made by the pro- posal's detractors, voters favor the Master Teacher program by a margin of more than 2-to-1. The statements and the results are as follows: Peter D. Hart Research Associates. 8 Supporters say that the program is a good idea because the educational system should be designed to reward ex- cellence in teaching and ensure that all teachers have an incentive to meet needed standards of per- formance and competency. Unless there are periodic evaluations and incentives, the school system cannot meet the goal of quality education. 56% Opponents say that the program is a bad idea because there is no way to evaluate teachers fairly and this system would destroy teacher morale by keeping them under constant pressure. There should be across-the- board pay raises for all teachers who meet minimum com- petency standards, and we should not pass a program that undermines tenure protection for teachers. 24% Some of both/neither (VOL) 13% Not sure 7% Across the full range of subgroups, voters side with the supporters of the Master Teacher program on this question--including parents with children in public schools (69% supporters, 19% opponents), voters who place a high priority on the education issue (65% supporters, 18% opponents), Democrats (49% supporters, 28% opponents), and voters in union households (56% supporters, 27% opponents). (6) Voters have broadly positive reactions to the underlying philosophy of the Master Teacher program and broadly positive expectations for the program's impact on problems facing public education. By a margin of 83% to 13%, voters agree that "In all professions, including teaching, it makes sense for the people who do the best job to be rewarded with higher salaries. " Seventy-one percent agree that the program will help attract 9 high quality people to teach in Tennessee's public schools. Recalling that there is widespread concern about how well the education system is preparing students for the job market and that unemployment is the top issue in the state, we note that 67% say: the Master Teacher program will help a lot or a fair amount when it comes to giving students the quality education they need to get a good job. (7) When informed that the Tennessee Education Association opposes Governor Alexander's Master Teacher program, just 13% of the voters say this fact makes them less likely to support the proposal. In responding to a question that notes the TEA's role as lobbyist and bargaining agent for teachers, 58% say that the TEA is mainly looking out for the narrow special in- terests of teachers in opposing the Master Teacher proposal, while just 12% say the TEA is mainly considering what is in the best interest of quality education. By a margin of fully 62% to 26%, voters reject the con- tention that "The Master Teacher program is a bad idea because there is no fair way of evaluating teachers' performance." The Tax Implications of the Proposal (1) As already noted, 67% of the voters say the state should be spending more to deal with the need to improve public edu- cation, even if a tax.increase is required. When told speci- fically about the price tag in tax dollars for the Master Teacher program and the Better Schools package, a large majority of voters Peter D. Hart Research Associates. 10 remain willing to pay the bill for educational improvements they believe valuable and necessary. By a margin of 61% to 32%, voters say they would be willing to "support phasing in a 1-cent increase in the sales tax to fund an educational improvement package that includes the merit pay incentives of the Master Teacher program." (2) Our survey results indicate that the Master Teacher program and its philosophy of incentives and merit pay are the key attractions in an educational improvement package that makes voters feel a tax increase is worthwhile. By a margin of 54% to 34%, voters agree that "If the legislature passes a tax in- crease for education without the Master Teacher program included, Governor Alexander should veto it. " Moreover, when given three options regarding taxes and teacher pay raises, few voters say they are willing to support a tax increase for across-the-board pay raises--but a majority would favor a tax hike to pay for the salary increase plan envisioned by the Master Teacher program: I would support a tax increase in order to pay for an across-the-board increase in teacher salaries. 13% I would support a tax increase in order to pay for a teacher salary plan that is based on merit and geared to rewarding teachers who meet high standards of competence. 57% I would not support any tax increase for higher teacher salaries at this time. 26% Depends/not sure 4% Hart 11 The Political Implications of the Master Teacher Proposal (1) Voters' support for the basic philosophy and substance of the Master Teacher proposal is reflected in their indications of how this issue would affect their willingness to support candidates for state legislative office. On the level of basic educational philosophy, 73% agree they would be "more inclined to vote for a state legislative candidate who favors evaluating teacher performance every five years and paying teachers more money for doing a better job. " (2) When specifically focusing on the role of Governor Alexander's Master Teacher program in helping them decide their votes in state legislative races, a large plurality of Tennesseans say they would be more favorably disposed to a candidate who supports the program over a candidate who opposes it. In a state legislative election between a candidate who favors Governor Alexander's Master Teacher program and a candidate who opposes it, 44% say they would be more inclined to vote for the former, just 14% say they would be more inclined to vote for the opponent of the program, and 38% say that the issue makes little difference to them or that their vote depends on other factors. Support for the program provides an advantage to candidates among voters of all parties: Peter D. Hart Research Associates. 12 Inclined Inclined Little To Vote For To Vote For Difference/ Supporter Opponent Depends 24 79 % All Voters 44 14 38 Democrats 35 18 43 Independents 47 12 36 Republicans 59 7 31 Hart Baccarch * TABLES * - Not every table included in this copy Q.3c. T9 PERCEPTIONS OF WHETHER STATE GOVERNMENT SHOULD SPEND MORE TO DEAL WITH IMPROVING PUBLIC EDUCATION EVEN IF TAXES MUST BE INCREASED OR IF CURRENT SPENDING IS ADEQUATE Current Should Spending Spend More Adequate Not Sure : % % All Voters 67 29 4 Democrats 69 26 5 Independents 62 35 3 Republicans 68 28 4 Consistent supporters of program 74 22 4 Consistent opponents of program + 50 46 4 Mixed/uncertain on program 61 33 6 Education priority 81 15 4 Professionals/executives 73 21 6 White collar/sales workers + 74 26 I Blue collar workers 66 28 6 Retired 58 39 3 Union households 75 20 4 Children in public school 74 21 5 Peter D. Hart Research Associates, Inc. Q.11. T19 ATTITUDES TOWARD A PROPOSAL REQUIRING TEACHERS TO PASS A COMPETENCY TEST IN ORDER TO KEEP THEIR JOB Strongly Partially Partially Strongly Agree Agree Disagree Disagree Not Sure 84 0 : 04 0 Be 0 BQ All Voters 55 26 7 8 4 - Democrats 47 27 9 11 6 Independents 63 24 4 6 3 Republicans 59 27 6 4 4 Consistent supporters of program 68 23 5 2 2 Consistent opponents of program + 35 23 9 29 4 Mixed/uncertain on program 44 32 8 7 9 Education priority 58 26 7 6 3 Whites 56 26 6 7 5 Blacks + 47 29 8 13 3 Children in public school 56 26 8 8 2 Q.7a. T20 INDICATIONS OF WHETHER RESPONDENT HAS HEARD OF GOVERNOR ALEXANDER'S MASTER TEACHER PROGRAM AND, IF SO, EXTENT OF RESPONDENT'S KNOWLEDGE ABOUT IT Heard Have Know Fair Know Not Amount Very Little Heard Not Sure : : 08 0 08 0 All Voters 38 38 23 1 Shelby County 28 36 35 1 Rural West + 35 43 19 3 Middle Tennessee 48 39 12 1 Lower East + 25 42 33 - Mid East 41 33 26 - Upper East + 38 45 17 - Democrats 33 39 27 1 Independents 47 33 19 1 Republicans 33 47 19 1 Age 18-34 32 36 31 1 Age 35-49 37 44 18 1 Age 50 and older 41 39 20 - Professionals/executives 53 34 13 - White collar/sales workers + 44 36 19 1 Blue collar workers 22 40 36 2 Children in public school 35 37 26 2 T21 Q.7b. ATTITUDES TOWARD GOVERNOR ALEXANDER'S MASTER TEACHER PROGRAM¹ Favor / Oppose / Favor / Do Not Oppose / Do Not Feel Feel Feel Feel Strongly Strongly Strongly Strongly Not Sure 0 09 04 04 0 0 All Voters 32 26 14 12 16 Shelby County + 41 18 12 6 23 Rural West + 20 26 23 11 20 Middle Tennessee 31 31 16 13 9 Lower East ++ 23 30 16 19 12 Mid East + 39 22 13 10 16 Upper East + 28 23 4 16 29 Democrats 26 26 19 13 16 Independents 32 22 13 15 18 Republicans 39 31 7 8 15 High familiarity with program 37 20 20 15 8 Education priority 39 28 10 8 15 Men 31 31 12 15 11 Women 31 20 17 10 22 Whites 30 28 13 12 17 Blacks + 33 16 23 13 15 Age 18-34 32 33 10 11 14 Age 35-49 29 28 12 14 17 Age 50 and older 32 20 18 12 18 Professionals/executives 34 25 15 11 15 White collar/sales workers + 39 21 17 7 16 Blue collar workers 27 28 11 14 20 Retired 28 30 14 14 14 Union households + 33 24 18 15 10 Children in public school 36 25 11 14 14 1 Asked only of those who say in Q.7a that they have heard of program. T27 Q.14. REACTIONS TO A SELECTED STATEMENT "In all professions, including teaching, it makes sense for the people who do the best job to be rewarded with higher salaries." Agree Disagree Not Sure % BR 0 BR All Voters 831 13 4 Democrats 79 16 5 Independents 90 6 4 Republicans 85 12 3 Mixed/uncertain on program 79 15 6 Professionals/executives 90 8 2 White collar/sales workers + 89 7 4 Blue collar workers 80 15 5 Retired 83 13 4 Union households 83 12 5 T28 Q.14. REACTIONS TO A SELECTED STATEMENT "The Master Teacher program is a bad idea because there is no fair way of evaluating teachers' performance." Agree Disagree Not Sure : so Be 0 All Voters 26 62 12 Democrats 30 56 14 Independents 24 62 14 Republicans 18 76 6 Mixed/uncertain on program 28 53 19 High familiarity with program 33 57 10 Education priority 22 66 12 Whites 24 65 11 Blacks + 35 51 14 Professionals/executives 22 71 7 White collar/sales workers + 29 64 7 Blue collar workers 22 64 14 Union households 22 68 10 T29 Q.9. STATEMENT ON THE ISSUE OF SALARY INCREASES FOR TEACHERS SELECTED AS CLOSEST TO RESPONDENT'S POINT OF VIEW Statement A: I would support a tax increase in order to pay for an across-the-board increase in teacher salaries. Statement B: I would support a tax increase in order to pay for a teacher salary plan that is based on merit and geared to rewarding teachers who meet high standards of competence. Statement C: I would not support any tax increase for higher teacher salaries at this time. Statement Statement Statement Depends A B C (VOL). Not Sure da 00 x : : All Voters 13 57 26 2 2 Shelby County 11 64 21 2 2 Rural West + 19 43 37 1 - Middle Tennessee 10 62 26 1 1 Lower East + 9 58 28 2 3 Mid East 13 67 18 1 1 Upper East + 17 48 30 3 2 17 52 30 1 - Democrats Independents 6 63 27 2 2 Republicans 12 69 15 2 2 Consistent supporters of program 4 85 9 1 1 Consistent opponents of program + 30 11 58 1 - Mixed/uncertain on program 17 39 38 3 3 Education priority 15 65 16 1 3 Professionals/executives 13 65 16 2 4 White collar/sales workers + 13 60 24 3 I Blue collar workers 11 57 30 1 1 Children in public school 15 64 17 2 2 Q.14. T30 REACTIONS TO A SELECTED STATEMENT "I would be willing to support phasing in a 1 cent increase in the sales tax to fund an educational improvement package that includes the merit pay incentives of the Master Teacher program. " Agree Disagree Not Sure o o 0 All Voters 6-1 32 7 Shelby County 63 28 9 Rural West + 49 44 7 Middle Tennessee 67 30 3 Lower East + 66 30 4 Mid East 66 28 6 Upper East + 56 32 12 Democrats 61 33 6 Independents 57 35 8 Republicans 72 22 6 Mixed/uncertain on program 52 38 10 Education priority 72 21 7 Professionals/executives 63 31 6 White collar/sales workers + 62 31 7 Blue collar workers 64 31 5 Retired 58 31 11 Children in public school 67 28 5 T31 Q.14. REACTIONS TO A SELECTED STATEMENT "If the legislature passes a tax increase for education without the Master Teacher program included, Governor Alexander should veto it. 11 Agree Disagree Not Sure 99 0 08 0 " All Voters 54 34 12 Democrats 45 41 14 Independents 56 32 12 Republicans 68 23 9 Education priority 60 30 10 Whites 56 33 11 Blacks + 45 39 16 Professionals/executives 54 34 12 White collar/sales workers + 55 35 10 Blue collar workers 55 35 10 Children in public school 57 35 8 Q.12. T32 INDICATIONS OF WHETHER RESPONDENT WOULD BE MORE INCLINED TO VOTE FOR A STATE LEGISLATIVE CANDIDATE WHO SUPPORTED GOVERNOR ALEXANDER'S MASTER TEACHER PROGRAM OR MORE INCLINED TO VOTE FOR A CANDIDATE WHO OPPOSED IT Inclined Inclined To Vote To Vote For For Little Depends Supporter Opponent Difference (VOL) Not Sure 84 : 34 04 " All Voters 44 14 26 12 4 - Shelby County 55 12 19 11 3 Rural West + 31 25 32 9 3 Middle Tennessee 42 15 31 9 3 Lower East + 48 7 31 13 1 Mid East 56 6 26 10 2 Upper East + 35 17 14 22 12 Democrats 35 18 31 12 4 Independents 47 12 23 13 5 Republicans 59 7 21 10 3 Mixed/uncertain on program 27 13 34 15 11 High familiarity with program 42 22 20 12 4 Education priority 53 11 25 7 4 Whites 46 13 26 11 4 Blacks + 38 18 27 14 3 Professionals/executives 52 12 18 15 3 White collar/sales workers + 53 15 19 7 6 Blue collar workers 39 12 35 9 5 Union households 50 11 29 7 3 Children in public school 48 11 27 10 4 Q.14. T33 REACTIONS TO A SELECTED STATEMENT "I would be more inclined to vote for a state legislative candidate who favors evaluating teacher performance every five years and paying teachers more money for doing a better job. " Agree Disagree Not Sure 84 o 88 ,o be All Voters 73 1.9 8 Shelby County 80 13 7 Rural West + 70 24 6 Middle Tennessee 73 19 8 Lower East + 76 15 9 Mid East 68 25 7 Upper East + 66 23 11 Democrats 70 21 9 Independents 75 18 7 Republicans 80 16 4 Consistent supporters of program 92 3 5 Consistent opponents of program + 29 62 9 Mixed/uncertain on program 63 24 13 Education priority 74 18 8 Professionals/executives 71 22 7 White collar/sales workers + 78 18 4 Blue collar workers 76 18 6 Retired 69 20 11 Union households 80 15 5 Children in public school 77 16 7 Q.13a. T34 INDICATIONS OF THE EFFECT OF THE TENNESSEE EDUCATION ASSOCIATION'S OPPOSITION TO GOVERNOR ALEXANDER'S MASTER TEACHER PROGRAM ON RESPONDENT'S SUPPORT OF THE PROGRAM More Less Likely To Likely To Little Support Support Difference Not Sure % 24 0 de " All Voters 20 13 61 6 Democrats 20 17 57 6 Independents 17 10 64 9 Republicans 25 9 62 4 Consistent supporters of program 27 5 64 4 Consistent opponents of program + 12 27 58 3 Mixed/uncertain on program 15 18 57 10 Education priority 21 11 64 4 Professionals/executives 22 10 63 5 White collar/sales workers + 22 13 59 6 Blue collar workers 17 13 64 6 Union households 18 15 63 4 Children in public school 20 12 62 6 Q.13b. T35 PERCEPTIONS OF WHETHER THE TENNESSEE EDUCATION ASSOCIATION IN OPPOSING THE MASTER TEACHER PROGRAM IS MAINLY CONSIDERING THE BEST INTERESTS OF QUALITY EDUCATION OR IS MAINLY LOOKING OUT FOR THE NARROW SPECIAL INTERESTS OF TEACHERS Narrow Quality Some Of Interests Education Both (VCL) Not Sure of o : " " All Voters 58 12 10 20 Democrats 53 16 11 20 Independents 61 10 7 22 Republicans 62 8 11 19 Consistent supporters of program 66 11 7 16 Consistent opponents of program + 45 22 19 14 Mixed/uncertain on program 51 10 10 29 Whites 59 13 9 19 Blacks + 55 11 11 23 Professionals/executives 60 11 8 21 White collar/sales workers + 58 13 11 18 Blue collar workers 59 13 8 20 Union households 60 17 8 15 Children in public school 61 10 10 19 Peter D. Hart Research Associates, Inc. Interviewer: Area Sample Point Connecticut Avenue, N.W. ington, D.C. 20009 County: 2) 234-5570 City/Town: 5 6 7 8 -udy #1949 April 1983 Respondent: Male 4-1 Female -2 April , 1983 Tennessee Education 9 10 Hello, I'm from Hart Research Associates, the national 3c. When it comes to (READ ITEM). do you feel the state public opinion research firm. We are conducting a survey should be spending more to deal with that problem, even here in Tennessee to find out what people are thinking on if it requires an increase in taxes, or do you feel that some important issues, and your help in answering a few the current level of state government spending is questions will be very much appreciated. adequate? (REPEAT FOR EACH ITEM.) Spend Not I'm supposed to talk with the youngest man/woman in this More Adequate Sure household who is registered to vote and home right now. Would that be you? (IF "YES," PROCEED. IF "NO," ASK TO Protecting the environment 24 19-1 62 -2 14 -3 SPEAK WITH THAT PERSON.) Improving public education 67 20-1 29 -2 4 -3 1. First, are you registered to vote at this address? Fighting crime 5521 38 -2 7 -3 Registered 100% 11-1 CONTINUE 4a. How would you rate the quality of police protection in TERMINATE AND your local community would you say it is as good as can Not registered -2 DO NOT COUNT be expected or falling short of what it should be? Not sure -3 TOWARD QUOTA 4a. 4b. Police Fire 2a. We're interested in finding out how well people think their public officials are doing in office. How would As good as can be expected 6822-1 82 8223-1 you rate the performance of (READ NAME AND OFFICE) Falling short. 31 -2 13 -2 excellent, good, fair, or poor? (REPEAT FOR EACH NAME Not sure LISTED BELOW.) I -3 5 -3 Excellent Good Fair Poor Not Sure 4b. How would you rate the quality of fire protection in your local community as good as can be expected or Ronald Reagan as president 11 12-1 27 -2 34 -3 26 -4 2 -5 falling short of what it should be? (RECORD ABOVE UNDER 4b.) r Alexander 5 governor. 2/13-1 42 -2 29 -3 7 -4 I -5 4c. And how would you rate the quality of the public school system in your local community as good as can be ex- e state pected or falling short of what it should be? (IF legislature as a whole 2 14-1 28 -2 49 -3 10 -4 11 -5 "FALLING SHORT, ASK:) Would you say the public schools are falling just somewhat short of what they should be The state represen- or very far short? tative in the legislature from As good as can be expected 4224-1 this district 15-1 40 -2 30 -3 6 -4 14 -5 Falling just somewhat short. 33 -2 2c. Generally speaking, would you say you mainly approve or Falling very far short 19 -3 mainly disapprove of the stands and positions Lamar Alexander takes on the major issues facing Tennessee? Not sure (6 -4 Approve 71 12 5. Not sure -3 What changes or policies do you think are most needed to improve the quality of education in the public schools? Disapprove. 17 -2 What do you think state government should be doing to make the public schools better? 3a. I'm going to read you a list of issues facing Tennessee, and I'd like you to tell me which one you think is most important for state government to deal with. (READ LIST Better teachers 26 computers L SLOWLY. ROTATE ORDER. ACCEPT ONLY ONE.) increase teacher pay 16 Back to basics 3a. 3b. support La proposal 7 Voc Ed Protecting the environment 5 17-1 6 18-1 more support for teachers. I Better curric. Improving public education 22 -2 23 -2 more discipline 11 math/Sci. Holding the line on taxes 9 -3 14 -3 stop drug abuse 2 High Stds Dealing with unemployment 40 -4 16 -4 10 -5 more teacher training 2 Improve schools Fighting crime. 22 -5 Dealing with inflation 12 -6 16 -6 spend on schools not busing 2 Jeacher) Stu relations None/not sure 2-7 4-7 stop busing 5 class size And which issue on this list would you say is the next Better facilities blgs 3 cut $ waste L most important one for state government to deal with? more supplies books 2 more funding (REPEAT LIST IF NECESSARY. ACCEPT ONLY ONE. RECORD Imp adm/Elect School Bd I satisfied ABOVE UNDER 3b.) 4 all others Less fed interterence 8 1x Don't know 16 anti-master teacher I 25 Parental involvement 4 28 2 #1949 When it comes to (READ ITEM), would you say the current 8b. Why do you feel that way about Governor Alexander's situation in the public schools is good, that minor Master Teacher program? What are the best reasons for changes are needed, or that major changes are needed? supporting it? (PROBE.) What doubts or reservations (REPEAT FOR each ITEM.) Need Need do you have about it? (PROBE.) Minor Major Not Good Change Change Sure Attracting high quality all favorable, no unfavorable 53 people to the teaching profession 15 31-1 36 -2 41 -3 8 -4 all unfavorable, no favorable 25 Having a system of teacher pay that Both favorable and unfevorable 16 encourages and rewards excellence in teaching. 32-1 33 -2 39 -3 12 -4 Don't know 6 39 Giving students the X quality education they 40 need to get a good job 33-1 30 -2 45 -3 7 -4 Requiring teachers to 43 meet high standards of competence 17 34-1 38 -2 36 -3 9 -4 46 Providing incentives 48 for teachers to do a better job 18 35-1 36 -2 36 -3 10 51 7a. Have you heard or read anything about Governor Alexander's 8c. When it comes to giving students the quality education Master Teacher program for the Tennessee public schools? they need to get a good job, do you think the reforms in (IF "YES," ASK:) Would you say you know a fair amount the Master Teacher program will help a lot, helo a fair about this proposal, or only a very little? amount, help just a little, or not really help much at all A lot .... 38 54-1 Not much at all 12 -4 Heard, know fair amount 38 36-1 ASK A fair amount 29 -2 Not sure 7 -5 Heard, know very little 38 -2 7b. Just a little 14 -3 Have not heard 23 -3 SKIP 9. Let me read you three statements on the issue of salary Not sure I -4 increases for teachers. Please tell me which one comes TO 8a. closest to your own point of view. (READ SLOWLY.) J. From what you know, do you favor Governor Alexander's Master Teacher program or do you oppose it? (IF Statement A: I would support a tax increase in "FAVOR" OR "OPPOSE," ASK:) And do you feel strongly order to pay for an across-the-board increase about that or not? in teacher salaries. Statement 8: I would support a tax increase in Favor, feel strongly 3237-1 order to pay for a teacher salary plan that is Favor, do not feel strongly 26 based on merit and geared to rewarding teachers -2 who meet high standards of competence. Oppose, feel strongly 14 -3 Statement C: I would not support any tax increase Oppose, do not feel strongly 12 -4 for higher teacher salaries at this time. Not sure 16 -5 Statement A 13 55-1 Depends (VOL) 2 -1 8a. Let me read you a brief description of Governor Alexander's Statement 8 57 -2 Not sure 2 -5 Master Teacher program. (READ DESCRIPTION AND ASK:) Statement C 26 -3 Based on this description, how do you feel about Governor Alexander's Master Teacher program--do you strongly 10. Now let me read you statements that supporters and oppo- favor it, mildly favor it, mildly oppose it, or strongly nents of the Master Teacher program might make about oppose it? this matter. Please tell me which one comes closer to your own point of view. "The basic philosophy behind the Master Teacher program is that all teachers should be required to have their Supporters say that the program is a good idea because performance evaluated every five years, and that there the educational system should be designed to reward should be special salary incentives and merit pay for excellence in teaching and ensure that all teachers have teachers who meet high standards of performance. Spe- an incentive to meet needed standards of performance and cifically, there would be four levels that teachers competency. Unless there are periodic evaluations and could attain--with the amount of the merit pay tied incentives, the school system cannot meet the goal of to the level the teacher reaches as a result of his or quality education. her evaluation. The evaluations would be conducted by teachers who have proven themselves to be superior, Opponents say that the program is a bad idea because there and the cost or the merit pay would come from state is no way to evaluate teachers fairly and this system tax revenues." would destroy teacher morale by keeping them under con- stant pressure. There should be across-the-board pay Strongly favor 42 38-1 Strongly oppose 13 -4 raises for all teachers who meet minimum competency Mildly favor 31 -2 Depends (VOL) 2-5 standards, and we should not pass a program that under- mines tenure protection for teachers. Mildly oppose. 10 -3 Not sure. 2 -6 Supporters 5656-1 Neither (VOL) 3 -4 Opponents 24 -2 Not sure. 7 -5 Some of both (VOL) 10 -3 3 #1949 How would you feel about a proposal requiring teachers to 13a. pass a competency test in order to keep their jobs--do Governor Alexander's Master Teacher program is opposed by the Tennessee Education Association. Does this you strongly agree with that proposal, partially agree, partially disagree, or strongly disagree? fact make you more likely to support the program, less likely to support the program, or make little Strongly agree 5557-1 difference to you either way? Partially agree 26 -2 More likely to support Partially disagree 20 59 - 1 T -3 Less likely to support 13 -2 Strongly disagree 8 -4 Little difference 61-3 Not sure 4 -5 Not sure. 6 -4 13b. 12. Suppose there was an election for the state legislature The Tennessee Education Association lobbies for public school teachers and represents teachers in in your district between a candidate who favored Governor Alexander's Master Teacher program and a contract negotiations. In opposing Governor candidate who opposed it. Would you be more inclined Alexander's Master Teacher program, do you think the TEA is mainly considering what is in the best to vote for the candidate who favored the program, more inclined to vote for the candidate who opposed the interests of quality education, or is mainly looking out for the narrow special interests of teachers? program, or would this issue make little difference to your vote? Quality education. 12 Inclined to vote for supporter 44 58-1 58-1 Narrow interests Inclined to vote for opponent 58 -2 14 -2 Some of both (VOL) Little difference 10 -3 26 -3 Not sure Depends (VOL) 20 -4 12 -4 Not sure 4 -5 14. Finally, let me read you a few statements. For each one, please tell me if you mostly agree or mostly disagree. (READ STATEMENTS AND REPEAT CHOICES.) Agree Disagree Not Sure "If the legislature passes a tax increase for education without the Master Teacher program included, Governor Alexander should veto it. 54 34 -2 12 -3 "The Master Teacher program will help attract high quality people to teach in Tennessee's public schools. 71 62-1 20 -2 -2 9 -3 "I would be willing to support phasing in a 1 cent increase in the sales tax to fund an educational improvement package that includes the merit pay incentives of the Master Teacher program. 61 63-1 32 -2 7 -3 "The Master Teacher program is a bad idea because there is no fair way of evaluating teachers' performance. 1664-1 62 -2 12 -3 "In all professions, including teaching, it makes sense for the people who do the best job to be rewarded with higner salaries. 83 65-1 13 -2 4 -3 "I would be more inclined to vote for a state legislative candidate who favors evaluating teacher performance every five years and paying teachers more money for doing a better job. 73 66-1 19 -2 8 -3 4 #1949 TUAL INFORMATION: Now I'm going to ask you a few questions F7. Thinking about your general approach to politics, do you or statistical purposes only. consider yourself to 5e very liberal, somewhat liberal, moderate, somewhat conservative, or very conservative? In what age group are you? (READ LIST.) Very liberal 5 575-1 18-24 9 67-1 50-64 25 -4 Somewhat liberal 18 -2 25-34 22 -2 55 and over 18 -5 Moderate 30 -3 35-49 26 -3 Somewhat conservative. 31 -4 F2. What type of work does the head of the household do? Very conservative 9 -5 What is the job called? (BE SURE TO GET ENOUGH INFOR- Not sure 7-6 MATION TO CLASSIFY PROPERLY. WRITE JOB DESCRIPTION IN SPACE BELOW. IF HEAD OF THE HOUSEHOLD IS UNEMPLOYED, F8. For statistical purposes only, we need to know your total GET USUAL OCCUPATION.) family income for 1982. Will you please tell me which of the following categories best represents your total High-level professional 668-1 family income? (READ CATEGORIES.) Middle-level professional 11 -2 Executive, manager 7-3 Under $7,000 8 76-1 Sales, proprietor 9-4 -4 $7,000-$10,000 11 -2 White collar 5-5 $10,000-$15,000. 15 -3 Skilled labor 29 -6 -6 Semi- and unskilled labor 6-7 $15,000-$20,000 10 -4 Farmer 2-8 $20,000-$25,000 12 -5 Housewife 3 -9 $25,000-$30,000 10 -6 Student / -0 Over $30,000 Retired 18 -7 21 -A Other -8 Refused 16 -8 (specify) F9. What is your race? JOB DESCRIPTION: White 82 77 -1 F3a. Are you, or is any member of your household, a member Black of a labor union? 17 -2 Other / -3 Labor union household 1969-1 Non-union household. 80 -2 May we please have your name for validation purposes? Not sure / -3 Mr. Mrs. Ms. Miss JO. Is anyone in this household employed as a schoolteacher? RECORD THE FOLLOWING--00 NOT ASK! Schoolteacher in household 870-1 No teacher in household 91 -2 Telephone Number: / Not sure / -3 Area Code F4. Are there any children under age 18 in this household? Length of Interview (IF "YES":) Do any of these children currently attend public schools in Tennessee? Less than 10 minutes 78-1 10 to 15 minutes -2 Children in household, attend public school 30 71-1 16 to 20 minutes -3 Children in household, do not attend 16 -2 21 to 25 minutes -4 No children in household. 54 -3 Over 25 minutes. -5 F5. What is your religion? THIS IS A BONA FIDE INTERVIEW AND HAS BEEN OBTAINED Baptist 4372-1 ACCORDING TO MY AGREEMENT WITH HART RESEARCH, INC. Other Protestant 43 -2 Catholic 4-3 Interviewer's Name (PLEASE SIGN): Other 6 -4 None 4 -5 F6a. How would you describe your point of view in terms of the Interview Number: Interview Date: political parties? Would you say you are mostly Demo- Time of Interview (o'clock, a.m./p.m.): cratic, leaning Democratic, completely Independent, leaning Republican, or mostly Republican? Sample Point Number: Validated By: Date: Mostly Democratic 35 73-1 73-1 Mostly Republican 16 -5 Leaning Democratic 9 -2 None (VOL) 2-6 Completely Independent 26 -3 Not sure 2 -7 Leaning Republican 10 -4 Do you happen to know if the state representative in the legislature from this district is a Democrat or a Republican? Democrat 42 74-1 Republican 19 -2 Have both (VOL) I -3 Not sure 38 -4