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[Education: Collins, Marva]
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118569922
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Records of the White House Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff (Reagan Administration)
Michael Deaver's Subject Files
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Ronald Reagan Presidential Library Digital Library Collections This is a PDF of a folder from our textual collections. Collection: Deaver, Michael Folder Title: Education Collins, Marva N. Box: 37 To see more digitized collections visit: https://reaganlibrary.gov/archives/digital-library To see all Ronald Reagan Presidential Library inventories visit: https://reaganlibrary.gov/document-collection Contact a reference archivist at: [email protected] Citation Guidelines: https://reaganlibrary.gov/citing National Archives Catalogue: https://catalog.archives.gov/ MARVA COLLINS' WAY WESTSIDE Published by J. P. Tarcher, Inc., Los Angeles © 1982 Distributed by Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston Bill Sittmenn Founded in 1975 CAD Marva Collins June 9, 1983 President Ronald Reagan President of the United States of America Washington, D. C. Dear Mr. President: I cannot tell you how much the little things in life means! Just a phone call emphatically made my day, and m ost of all it made me excited enough to want to do even more with my life and most of all, to do for others. I have climbed a very tough mountain, but I refuse to sit at the top and enjoy the view. I am still looking for more mountains to climb. Because of my decision to enroll at Westside Preparatory School we have hundreds of adults coming into the school this summer to enjoy the joy of learning, and most of all to become self-reliant and to know that they all have the innate savvy to become universal citizens of the world. Again, thank you Mr. President for taking the time out of a most busy day to encourage me to not only continue to improve myself, but to give hope to others. I do hope that the media and the world will also know that you are a most caring person, and may they know that all American citizens matter to you. With gratitude, Kering Ross Kevin J. Ross "Any child can be a real achiever." 4142 WEST CHICAGO AVENUE CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60651 312/227-5995-5996 Richard Burton and Elizabeth Taylor rehearse for a revival of "Private Lives," opening on Broadway in May. Twice divorced, Burton and Taylor play a divorced couple who get together at a country house and end up battling. (UPI) 44 it 12 E 09 Westside star Ross IS 59 3V 99 12 graduates to tutor LV 9 K evin Ross, the 6-foot-9-inch 39 college basketball star, con- 19 LL tinues to make good pro- 99 gress among the grade-schoolers at Marva Collins' Westside Prep, 16 L8 4146 W. Chicago. His reading 18 skills and confidence are so ad- 88 3 vanced now that he is able to help EL 98 tutor the youngsters on the side. 88 And he'll work with them in sum- mer activities camp. Bob "The children respect him and Herguth he's very good with them," said Collins. "He's not sure whether he'll go back to Creighton [Uni- versity] or pursue his [college] .$ degree here. He's kind of a catalyst and a hope for a lot of 11 people here. E1 VI Ross entered Westside Prep last September with 7 Creighton's help, intent on learning the basic educational 9 skills (including reading) he missed even after four years of college (with no degree). Tests show that with Collins' help, including some one-on-one teaching, he had zoomed three school years by late January. I "I've been on TV shows and given motivational speeches at two schools," Ross told us The movie [of his life] will probably start in a couple of weeks. What am I reading now? Manchild in the Promised Land by Claude Brown." MAR 1420 'Back to basics' gets a chilly reception dren to learn so well and SO fast without the continued T he educational establishment, special interest flow of federal dollars and the paper pushers who groups and federal and state bureaucracies are in- Paul created the flow? dignant and on the attack over the outspoken be- What might happen if the children of the ghetto acu- liefs of a feisty black woman in Chicago who has succes- sully educated children thought to be uneducable. Salters tally left the ghetto? The specter of the underprivilged achieving success was too great a horror for the bureau- The American Spectator's current issue carries an crats Their jobs were at stake Iluminating article by Rita Kramer, author of Maria Montessori: a Biography, about the woman - Marva ably failed - the educational establishment, the special Ironically, the bureaucrats and the educational es- interest groups and the bureaucrats whose jobs depended tablishment latched onto a particulary nasty ad homi- Collins - who gathered a ragtag band of ghetto children num argument to do harm to the woman. The American in a makeshift classroom and proceeded to teach them upon spoon feeding the same old pap that guarantees how to read, write and do arithmatic. Not only did these failure, not failure for them, but for their victims. Thus Spectator points out that they attacked Mrs. Collins for uneducables learn the basics, they learned them from can jobs be maintained and the cash flow kept gushing. having started her school with CETA funds. She did, in the classics - Plato, Aristotle, Virgil, Dante and Shake- Marva Collins offended current wisdom. Black lead- fact, collect some $62,000 in CETA funds when she first ers attacked her because her method could have de- created the school but gave up the money when her speare. Soon, these supposedly uneducable children were prived them of the base of misery upon which they feed. methods began achieving success. Upon turning her back Who would need these leaders when the masses ceased on federal money, unfortunately for her, she also had the scoring higher on intelligence tests than their reportedly brighter classmates in the public schools. to function in ignorance and poverty? How, indeed, could temerity to suggest that money had unquestionably failed to end the misery in the ghetto. A solid education Marva Collins calmly explained that her success they profit from such a possibilty? with these ghetto youngsters was premised not on intri- The educational establishment followed suit in a hys- and self reliance, she maintained, would ultimately lead to that cherished goal. cate theories of educational method but on the persistent terical outery because the premise that going "back to The fact she once accepted federal money in no way goal to teach the youngsters self reliance based upon self basics" could eventually topple the great self-perpetuat- diminishes the truth of her methods or what she is say- worth. ing structure upon which contemporary education is She argued that self reliance is the key to bringing based. Who would need vast institutions of education ing. The bureaucrats and educational establishment, so so-called deprived youngsters into the mainstream of anymore when all you really needed was someone con- versant with the ability to read, write, do arithmatic, lavish in their hysteria, of course can't be expected to success. and who had mastered the legacy of western civiliza- address issues - the educators because they are incapa- "You give a man a fish and he has a meal for a day. You teach a man how to fish and he can dine for a life- tion? The liberal arts schools might have flourished but ble of addressing issues, having spent their time learning time," was her way of explaining the fruits of her meth- not the schools of education, where method is SO much method to the detriment of thought, and the bureaucrats because they could not afford to bring the beacon of logic ods. more important than substance. Alas, success, honor and good sense failed to prevail At last, the bureaucrats began shrieking at the to bear upon their egregious programs. in the wake of the outcry from those who have SO miser- plucky Marva Collins. How could it be possible for chil- Paul Salters is a member of The Enterprise news staff By Mildred Hamilton paper, we had the outline, and we started painting in oil." particularly appreciative of the mural's recognition of wor Examiner staff writer The volunteers were out on the scaffolding "about 8 a.m., en's achievements We also had crities One of them dislike as soon as the moisture evaporated." for three to 10 hours a one of the figures and kept saying, That woman looks like Second N EXULTANT SHOUT. "Fini!" started the week each, and Rodriguez usually painted 20 hours a week, duck' Mission District on a recent Sunday as a padded fuggling her other projects and jobs "We sealed the mural with an ultra violet screen sealer I figure tossed her paintbrush in the air and "The weather was fine, at first, and then the rains came. preserve it. There will be a check in four years to see if mor scampered down the scatfolding in front of the Sometimes said to myself, 1 must be crazy, It is pouring and seater is needed The mural proper is complete. but som Women's Building at 3543 18th St. I am out here painting. The first hour in a cold. wet day was painting remains to be done around the windows and th Patricia Rodriguez had painted the last torture, then you got caught up in it and It was fun. The arches between the figures, as well as the wall area abov stroke of the huge women's history mural across the front of volunteers were great We supported each other. and Celeste the mural." the building - 18 months after she had been commissioned Smeland, who created the Women's Building Vida Gallery, The mural already has brought Rodriguez a commend to create it. was my coordinator for the whole project. Fawn Yacker tion from the mayor's office. and the artist beheves it "I am finished, finished. finished." she yelled as she made a film of the work." achieving its goal: bridging the Women's Building and th danced in the street, stopping the car of a friend. The The mural was started on the left and the artists moved story community When the Women's Building held a communit talented muralist was swept off to the Chiff House for a drink to the right as they painted. "I had a timetable of two celebration of it completion March 6, there was a large in celebration. "Then I went home, toppled over and slept months." Rodriguez said with a wry laugh She did the first enthusiastic turnout of neighborhood residents for hours," she said with a chuckle. fugure. the strong featured Katherine Smith standing protec- Now wide awake and aglow with the joy of accomplish- tively in front of her golden, wind-sculpted Navajo home- "What the mural represents is integral to our work," land in Arizona, "land she refuses to be forced off of by the building spokeswoman said. "It represents our commitmen ment, the artist talked about the project that has turned the drab front of the Women's Building into a vivid feminist federal government." to struggle against racism side by side with classism, sexisn Painting and supervising. Rodriguez was always in and imperialism." banner. The larger-than-hfe figures of Navajo activist Kath- erine Smith, Chicana labor organizer Dolores Huerta, artist charge of color design and mixture. She did the faces of the The mural reminds us, girls and women of all colors. sh and feminist Louise Nevelson, black educator Marva Collins women. added, of what the dominant society does not tell us: that W women and emancipated Asian-American slave Polly Bemis domi- "We always had audiences, and older women were have heroes, thousands of them nate the block They are forceful testimony and tribute to the social concerns of the women's center. The muralist and her supporting team are accepting compliments. And preparing to volunteer again as every-day painters to help repaint the still shabby exterior of the two floors above the mural. How do you start a mural? Rodriguez grinned. "First you scrub the wall. You scrub hell out of the wall with tri-sodium phosphate." Before that, however, you need the artistic reputation to be invited by Women's Building officials to create a land- mark mural. (The San Francisco Women's Center/Women's Building was opened in 1979 as a non-profit. community- sponsored. multi-ethnic, multi-cultural women's and neigh- borhood center.) The artist, a small, sunny woman with black curly hair framing animated features, talked about herself and the mural as she stood in front of the building. Few neighbors among the regular kibitzers recognized her in a hot pink blouse and black suit, with earrings and makeup. "My painting garb was four layers of warm clothing. By the time got on my thermal underwear, three sweaters, two pairs of socks, hiking boots, gloves and hats, boy, was I big!" RELINNE Rodriguez extended her arms to outline a width equal to her 5-feet-1-inch height. Of Mexican-American heritage, she is a native of Marfa, a small West Texas desert town. also the birthplace of her parents. "We migrated around Texas, then came to Califor- nia as my parents sought better jobs. I was 12 before I was able to settle down in one school. in Oxnard. It took me time Patricia Rodriguez: 'First you scrub the wall' to catch up, but I was so happy there. I got A's in art and music." After high school graduation and a year in junior college, she lived briefly in New York before moving here and winning an Art Institute scholarship in 1970. "It was a great year for minorities to get scholarships, but the Art Institute Black educator Marva Collins, one of the four living women represented on the murals blew my mind. It was operated New York-style. When I did paint, the instructor said with a sniff, 'It's very Mexican.' I decided if have this bent, I'll do it for my own community." She organized her first painting project for the James- town Community Center, and after earning her bachelor's degree, formed Mujeres Muralistas with Irene Perez, Graciel- la Carrillo and Consuelo Mendez. They painted 20 murals in the Mission District - big bold paintings important in the artistic blooming of the neighborhood. "My first mural was painted in 1972, in Balmy Alley (a street of murals), and I can see it from where I now live." Rodriguez mixed community and volunteer work with her five years in the mural group and earned her M.A. at Sacramento State University. She was then invited to teach at UC-Berkeley: "mural painting, Chicano art history, silk screen, for five years." Deciding to branch out in 1980, she began to experiment with box sculptures. Her prize-winning work is now widely exhibited. She lectures, is doing a series of small canvases Faces from the mural section on farm labor and has just been invited to be in the Michigan show of the National Chicano Art Studies Conference and to have her first New York show. Standing 10 feet tall "That kind of schedule is why every time I have a few spare minutes, fall asleep. It has been seven days a week of work since the actual painting of the mural started last IVE FEMALE SYMBOLS of strength - four September. And for a living, I got a grant last fall for a year living women and one 19th century survivor of from the California Arts Council for my Mission Mental slavery stand 10 feet tall in the new mural on Health Center job. I teach art to clients -- there are mural the front of the Women's Building. They are: projects at three treatment centers. I feel that I have been Katherine Smith, a 60-year-old Arizona Na- hanging in there for 10 years." vajo who is fighting the federal government's After Rodriguez was invited to design the Women's attempt to remove thousands of Navajo and Hopi people Building mural, there were long discussions on the women's from their homeland of centuries. history theme and a decision to pick a woman to represent Dolores Huerta, a 53-year-old native of New Mexico, a each community. The artist's search took her to women's pioneer in organizing agricultural workers, a United Farm studies programs of several colleges as well as community Workers official and a force in obtaining migrants such centers seeking candidates. "We wanted powerful figures. rights as disability and unemployment insurance and old-age Once we had the names, art history student Lu-Yong Ma at pensions. San Francisco State did research on their backgrounds." Louise Nevelson, the 84year-old sculptor, a Russian Costume research also preceded Rodriguez' preliminary Jewish immigrant who worked in poverty and isolation for drawings, which were approved by the San Francisco Art years before attaining international recognition as an artist. Commission She received a $4,000 grant from the city Office The Nevelson panel also features the faces of dancer Martha of Community Development through the Mural Resource Graham, jazz planist Mary Lou Williams, photographer Center. "That covered paint and brushes and about 50 cents Dorothea Lange and writer Audrey Lord. an hour for me. The Navy donated our scaffolding." Marya Collins, the 40-year-old black educator whose After the September wall scrubbing, Rodriguez put an ad "self-reliance" philosophy of teaching has made her small in the Women's Building newsletter for volunteer helpers, private chool in Chicago a national model. "women who could paint." She soon had a team: Miranda Polly Bemis, also known as China Polly and Lulu Bergman, Sarah Edkins, Nicole Emanuel, Celeste Smeland Nathoy. Born on a farm in China in 1852, kidnapped, sold and Frances Stevens - of diverse age, experience and into slavery and smuggled into San Francisco, she never background. stopped fighting for her freedom She finally convinced a The scrubbed wall got a clean white primer, and th gold miner named Bemis, who had won her in a poker game, design "pounced" across the 12-foot high. 100-foot wide stri to free her She then operated her own small produce farm 15 feet above the street The artist explained "pouncing" in the Gold Country ratil she died. "The drawing was made on perforated paper. It was rolled place and charcoal powder applied. When we removed th Richard Burton and Elizabeth Taylor rehearse for a revival of "Private Lives," opening on Broadway in May. Twice divorced, Burton and Taylor play a divorced couple who get together at a country house and end up battling. (UPI) IV it 12 99 09 Westside star Ross IS 59 3V 39 12 graduates to tutor 14 39 K evin Ross, the 6-foot-9-inch 39 college basketball star, con- 19 " tinues to make good pro- 99 gress among the grade-schoolers at Marva Collins' Westside Prep, 16 L8 4146 W. Chicago. His reading 18 skills and confidence are so ad- 88 3 vanced now that he is able to help €2 98 tutor the youngsters on the side. 88 And he'll work with them in sum- mer activities camp. Bob "The children respect him and Herguth he's very good with them," said Collins. "He's not sure whether he'll go back to Creighton [Uni- versity] or pursue his [college] degree here. He's kind of a catalyst and a hope for a lot of it 11 people here. €1 V1 Ross entered Westside Prep last September with DI Creighton's help, intent on learning the basic educational 9 skills (including reading) he missed even after four years of college (with no degree). Tests show that with Collins' help, including some one-on-one teaching, he had zoomed three school years by late January. I "I've been on TV shows and given motivational speeches at two schools," Ross told us The movie [of his life] will probably start in a couple of weeks. What am I reading now? Manchild in the Promised Land by Claude Brown." AIMS OF WESTSIDE PREPARATORY SCHOOL: The school was established to dispel the myth that inner-city children cannot, do not, and refuse to matriculate as well as other children. In response to a strong concern for the in- creased rapidity in which children of the Westside of Chicago seemed to be dropping out of school, and with an increasing attitude that these children could never be more than what they were, I felt it a compelling reason to begin Westside Prepara- tory School on the second floor of our home in September 1975. With $5,000 from my teacher's pension fund, help from my husband, and discarded books, Westside Preparatory School was born with confidence in the ability of our children and loads of determi- nation to make certain that these children could dare to dream of a better future because I made today hopeful. The needs of our community determines largely the curriculum of our school, but I feel that children must not only be able to compete locally, but universally as well. Westside PREPARATORY School reaffirms its position to be an institution that believes in the concept and dignity and self-worth of each child. We do not believe that children are just a bit statistically too inferior to learn; we do not believe that background has anything to do with children's performance. The school attempts to provide each student with an opportunity to master skills and basic knowledge that will become marketable AIMS OF WESTSIDE PREPARATORY SCHOOL: PAGE TWO Skills enabling that student to function not only in his immediate locale, but as citizens of the world. It is also our belief that children need to develop a sense of responsibility, self-reliance, self-determination and to develop as moral and responsible citîzens of the world not as leaners of society, but as egali- tarian lifters of the world. RESULTS: Children ranging in ages from four to thirteen matriculate at Westside Preparatory School. Those students who can pay tuition pay $150.00 per month; those students who cannot pay matriculate at the school with the monies earned by Marva Collins through speaking engagements, book fees, and residuals from the movie. Two Buildings at 4142 and 4146 West Chicago Avenue have been paid for by cash. The school now needs more teachers and larger quarters. The school does not solicit funds, take federal funds or at this time apply for grants. IT IS OUR FEELING THAT SOCIETY SEES THE NEED IN THIS AREA, AND IF THEY ARE TRULY INTERESTED IN THE LIFE- TIME SUCCESS OF THESE CHILDREN THAT THEY WILL HELP IN WHAT EVER WAY THAT THEY CAN. Children go on to high school many times after sixth grade, and for those children who cannot pay private high school tuition, again, Mrs. Collins pays the tuition for these children. AIMS OF WESTSIDE PREPARATORY SCHOOL: PAGE THREE This year, Mrs. Collins has a college student who has matriculated in a well-known college for four years and still reads at a grammar school level. This student, unlike millions of others has made the first courageous step to do something about the increas- ing fetid education that far too many students are presently receiving. Mrs. Collins does not believe in failure, and it is her philosophy that a child does not need a teacher in order to fail, she feels that the good teacher makes the "POOR" student "GOOD", and the "GOOD" student "SUPERIOR". She does not believe in excuses and it is her firm belief that when her students fail that she and her staff has failed. Children who have formerly been labelled learning disabled, dyslexic, and socially retarded have all flourished at Westside Preparatory School and all of these children have been able to function as normal students and to go on to high school. There are no miracles at Westside Preparatory School, just hard work and a firm belief in the self-worth of each student. The staff often spends many Saturdays working with slower students until they are able to feel good about themselves. Young students begin to study Latin and French at grade three and they begin to read at age four. The great books program is introduced as soon as children are able to read. The school also teaches logic, economics, biology, and most of all, each student believes that they are no longer leaves being blown from here to there believing what ever they are told. AIMS OF WESTSIDE PREPARATORY SCHOOL: PAGE FOUR: Mrs. Collins has just authored THE MARVA COLLINS' WAY, a book that she hopes will give hope to millions of frustrated parents, and hopefully, it will encourage those teachers who feel that children "can't" will once again, begin to believe that all children can if they are not taught too thoroughly that they can't. Displine problems, drugs, fighting, absenteeism, and other negative things heard across the country about other schools do not occur at Westside Preparatory School. The children have learned how to tick and their goal is to learn how to tick better. FEB7 1983 BACON'S 1420 Ex-player stressing reading United Press International CHICAGO - After four years of a college career spent mainly mak- ing field goals and free throws, Kevin Ross says he has come closer to making a goal that really counts by improving his reading. Ross, 24, played basketball at Creighton University from 1979-82 until a knee injury hindered his ca- reer. The 6-9 center played for Creighton in the NCAA Tourna- ment in 1981, but did not graduate. Last September, Ross decided to enroll at Westside Preparatory School, run by "superteacher" Marva Collins. At the time of his enrollment, he was reading at the sixth-grade level. He has improved to the 12th-grade level. Ross said secretaries at Creigh- ton often helped him make the grade by reading his assignments and completing the required work. "I will not be a part of the fa- cade," said Ross. "It does make me angry, but it's a big disappointment to see kids come out of school without the skills they need. When four years are up, you're just out there like a squirrel on a tree limb." Ross towers over his Westside classmates, who range in age from four to 14, but is a very "positive image" to them, Collins said. "I can see the progress I've made here at Westside," Ross said. "I'm trying to reach a goal for myself. I am no longer in the shadows of darkness. I see a bright future. There's no one who can take my ed- ucation away from me." Collins, the founder of Westside, said he was also pleased with Ross' improvement in school. Collins said Ross made improvements in six areas, but regressed in vocabu- lary because he was nervous when he took the California Achieve- ment Test that is used to measure a student's progress. "He is well-liked, and rather than being self-conscious about his age or size in the classroom, he has concentrated on tearning," Collins said. VA-D28 ROANOKE TIMES & WORLD NEWS (M)69,000 (E)49,000 (S)119,600 200 APR 11 1983 CLIPPED BY BACONS 1420 Trailblazing or just hard work? 4-11-83 M ARVA COLLINS, the last time we looked, was "in" again The reputation of the Chica- go teacher of the "underprivi- leged" has swung wildly. In the mid-Seventies, when her private, shoestring school began attract- ing attention - primarily be- cause her pupils actually learned - she was hailed as a new force in education: the high priestess of "back to basics." She was considered for U.S. sec- retary of education. Her "unor- thodox" statements on the Roanoke Times 49,000 problems in public education caught up with her a few years again, she is being over-praised, rent theories about what makes later, however, and both her perhaps because she has often Johnny learn. But her results work and her theories were chal- been over-criticized. speak for themselves. lenged. She used public funds and she was little more than a The latest encomium, in the She is unorthodox only to drill sergeant, claimed her de- The American Spectator, com- the extent that she adheres to tractors. Even some of her pares her with Maria Montesso- methods that were broadly ap- school's test scores were called ri, the Italian educator. But at plied and broadly accepted a into question. the center of all the controversy century ago, before the educa- Two years ago the anti-Col- is a determined woman who tional theorists swept the field. lins campaign was at its height; loves to teach, not an education- Those methods are based on magazines and newspapers were al revolutionary. Her methods common sense and hard work; falling all over themselves - concentration on basic skills and more and more parents are pointing out the "flaws" in the wedded to an uncanny ability to beginning to realize that it is the Collins method. Now her defend- make her students feel their in- teacher - dedicated and de- ers are mounting a counterat- dividual worth and potential - manding - who is the key to ed- tack on her detractors: and. once may well clash with some cur- ucation. // nificant numbers are choosing the latter experiment conducted by Rich course Against Marva Collins derson and colleagues at the U This is so, Mr. Monagan and the critics of Illinois. Two groups-one Indi coed sports argue, because children normal- Marva Collins earned a national reputa- non-Indian-were asked to real ly prefer to "struggle for their first indepen- tion by teaching children who were once similar length, vocabulary, ser dent sense of skill, recognition, and identity considered "unteachable." The liberal es- plexity, and number of idea un in the security of their own sex." Placing tablishment only started to question her the pieces was about an India unwilling children in a coed situation, he motives and results when she started ques- and the other was about a non- writes, simply creates "new fears of ridicule tioning their assumptions about what role a ding. and failure." school should play in society. Both groups did well with the The argument that engendered coed That is the opinion of Rita Kramer, the their own culture and poorly w sports-that they would produce "more as- author of several books on education, in a about the other's culture. sertive women and more sensitive men"- profile of Ms. Collins in the April issue of "Briefly, good style contribu suggests several further questions, Mr. The American Spectator. our reading of unfamiliar mater Monagan says. One is whether coed kick- ball and other games can accomplish that. Another is: "Just what is so urgently in need of reform in the minds and buddy sys- Current writing on ec ucation-related subje tems of American 9- and 10-year-olds?" "For the possibility is quite real." he con- in magazines, newspape S, and journals of opi cludes, "that the physical progress and de- velopmental needs of many children are be- ing disrupted for the sake of one rarely Ms. Kramer paints an admiring picture we must continuously backtrack examined presumption-namely: that any of Ms. Collins, a teacher in the Chicago pub different hypotheses about wha means of breaking down the polarity of the lic schools for 14 years before she started a or referred to," Mr. Hirsch writ Education sexes is healthy." Week school in her neighborhood that stressed true not only for good reading, 1 hard work and a rigorous reading program. good writing, he adds. A backlash was inevitable, Ms. Kramer Mr. Hirsch recommends that On Dismantling writes, in view of the fact that the so-called curriculum board be established "miracle worker" from the rundown Gar- recommend titles that would le The Testing Apparatus field Park area practiced a teaching strate- tural literacy," the term he uses gy that challenged the views of black lead- the acquisition of a society's ba " [T]he entire portentous and expen- ers, teachers' unions, and education edge. sive apparatus of the Scholastic Aptitude theorists all at once. Test [S.A.T.] is irrelevant for determining its "A lot of careers, which means money and stated purpose of determining who should a lot of prestige," writes Ms. Kramer. go to which college," writes David Owen in "would be called into question by the idea Technology in Educ the May issue of Harper's. that pounding away at basic skills and old- Improve Training, M Mr. Owen would like to see the apparatus fashioned exhortation could make a differ- dismantled. In a lengthy attack on the Edu- ence in the lives of children far more than Despite the excitement about cational Testing Service (E.T.S.)-the Prin- anything money could buy or legislation of computers in schools, Jan ceton, N. J., manufacturer of the S.A.T. and could provide." writes in the March-April issue a range of other standardized tests, he The writer acknowledges that Ms. Col- nels, there is very little going or touches on the most commonly voiced criti- lins may have strayed from her own ideals of computers now that holds pror cisms of "aptitude" testing. with her acceptance of federal funds. proving education. He asserts: that the S.A.T. is not as useful But, she says, "the issue in the Marva Mr. Traub, an editor of the a predictor of college achievement as high- Collins controversy isn't Marva Collins's notes that there are already 130 school grades and that the testing organiza- personality or even her past funding-it is computers in the nation's school tion's claim that it measures scholastic ap- the truth or falsity of what she says about the number is growing fast. H titude is specious; that the test reflects the schooling." That, Ms. Kramer concludes, is the desk-top machine "will not b educational and social advantages of the what the teaching establishment fears. from the schools," regardless of students who take it and is biased against it brings. minority students; that the tests them- On the other hand, an accomp selves are faulty and ambiguous (he takes ticle written by Anne Shahmoon the reader through a series of sample ques- Students Need Strong Base computer use in schools remai tions to argue this point, questioning Of Common Knowledge limited. The number of com whether some answers are more "right" schools will have to increase by than others); and that, for all practical pur- "Educational formalism" holds that the percent yearly, until there are poses, S.A.T. results are not needed by most content of English courses is simply a vehi- million terminals, before each e colleges and universities. cle for teaching students the formal skills of and secondary student can us Citing a 1980 paper by Rodney T. Hart- reading and writing and therefore should chines just 30 minutes each day, nett and Robert A. Feldmesser, formerly re- be left to a teacher's discretion. lates. search scientists at E.T.S., Mr. Owen says E. D. Hirsch Jr., writing in the spring is- Mr. Traub says that no matter that "although virtually all American col- sue of The American Scholar, says that the- students have access to compute leges require their applicants to take a ory is misguided. Mr. Hirsch says that he, ous issue of equity, both writers a standardized admissions test, hardly any of all people, should know, since "I was, ing computers will not help schoo actually use the score in making admis- like others in the field, a confirmed formal- ter job until teachers receive bette sions decisions." ist." Education week and commercial veridors' develop april 20,1983 Kevin bounces on -through 6 years ix-foot-9-inch Kevin Ross is now about six school years ahead of last September, when he enrolled with eighth- graders at Marva Collins' West- side Prep, 4146 W. Chicago. The 24-year-old basketball star from Creighton U. took another California Achievement Test this week at Providence-St. Mel High, and it showed his over-all rank at Bob about the national average for Herguth high school seniors. He equals the norm of graduat- ing seniors in reading vocabulary and comprehension, in written ex- pression, and in math concepts and applications. He ranks a semester behind that in spelling and math computation. And he equals high school sophomores in language mechanics. All the tests-in September, January and this week- were administered by Harvey Gross, director of admis- sions at Providence-St. Mel. Ross ranked at the sixth- grade level last fall and the ninth-grade level in January. "I knew he would do it," said Collins. "It just goes to show that Kevin was not learning-disabled. We have millions of Kevins out there." CRONKITE VIEWS '84: Walter Cronkite vis- ited Chicago Thursday and warned that "too many" totalitarian trends satirized by author George Orwell in 1984 are "still powerful" in democracies. "Doublethink today makes Guatemala and Chile a part of the Free World," the revered anchorman told the Broadcast Ad Club. Cronkite finds it "most disturbing" that for some in "the managerial society the test isn't what's true but what works." He said "respect for fact" is "at the very core of the survival of freedom." He satirized modern doublespeak, including new terms for death and taxes. He said the saying now could be: "In this age, there is nothing so certain as 'negative patient care outcome' and 'revenue enhancement.' ECLECTIC TYPEWRITER: "I'm too old to re- tire," said George Burns, 87. Jessica Savitch, 35, might switch networks (NBC hired Connie Chung, 36, from a CBS station to do the "Weekend Nightly News," now anchored by Jessica). LOCAL CELEBS: Condolences to the family of Audrey Seaton Sullivan, longtime public relations ex- ecutive here. Attorney Patricia A. Russell, ex-FCC exec, is Women's Day speaker at Operation PUSH. 3 PUNS & FUN: "Cheers for the bishops! No nukes is good nukes" (Rabbi David Graubart). "The Russian submarine commander's theme song must be 'Have You Driven a Fjord Lately?' (Dave Hansen). BACONS 1420 Kevin Prepping for big speech Y oung Kevin Ross will give the commencement address May 25 to graduates of Marva Collins' Westside Prep. 4146 W. Chicago. He is the 6-foot- 9 basketball star from Creighton U. who enrolled fulltime among eighth graders at Westside last September, intent on learning the basic educational skills-especial- ly reading comprehension-that Bob he missed even after four years of Herguth college, and no diploma. "The children love him here," said Collins. "And because he has such rapport with them, we felt there was no one in the country they could identify with more" as a speaker. Tests show that Ross advanced three school years in five months at Westside, which he entered with Creighton's encouragement. Ross plans to work this summer at a camp for Westside youngsters. He also plans to get his degree from a Chicago college. LET'S FRISK FRISCO: "Between the Cubs and the Democrats, you'd think somebody could beat San Fran- cisco" (Fred K. Rosen). A ZOOPER OCCASION: Lincoln Park zookeeper Pam Jensen marries N.Y. electronics technician Chris Dunn here Friday. They met in a space-age way, through a computer network. "A company in Ohio has a program that's a CB simulator," explained Pam, who cares for Sinbad the gorilla. "It links home computer terminals all over the U.S. and Canada." Pam's "handle" on the network was ZEBRA 3 and Chris was CHRISDOS. After communicating by computer awhile, they met, and termi- nal love developed. ECLECTIC TYPEWRITER: Now Mickey Rooney says he has no intention of quitting movies and throwing away his honorary Oscar, as he reportedly vowed earlier. He's angry because the U.S. Supreme Court dismissed his suit seeking part of residuals for actors when their movies go on Chicago TV. Seen Times2 LOCAL CELEBS: Sox organist Nancy Faust's baby is due any day now. On May 21, pretty Hilary Balfour will be the 10,000th grad of Loyola U.'s dental school, which is celebrating its 100th anniversary. A Channel 11 special, "Ambassadors of Cabrini," features state Rep. Jesse White's tumbling team and will air at 9:30 p.m. Monday, May 2. PR whiz Margie Korshak visits May 1 on Channel 2's "Lee Phillip Show". Prize-winning photog Carmen Reporto shows slides Wednesday at the Portes Cancer Prevention Center's dinner in the Art Institute. PUNS & FUN: "Overweight persons choose desserts but dieters eschew them" (AI Hamburg). "A mar- riage that breaks up early is first-clash" (Rabbi David Graubart). "I tried visiting Dracula the other day but he was out to bat practice" (Eddie Gold). USA TODAY: Why did you whether it is Neanderthal man, have to start your school? and that is the same with our children. How do you segment INQUIRY knowledge? You certainly COLLINS: I think the expec- have to know about everything. tations of minority children are very, very low. It seems to be KIN REED DIS It's so sad when people tell me they have not read Plato's Re- almost a hypocritical kind of public, because you have to if situation. It is OK for them to you are to understand white so- be mediocre when they are THE ISSUE: EDUCATION ciety. young, but all of a sudden when they get older, then they are USA TODAY: Would you re- Marva Collins, 46, is a stupid, they are inferior, they spond to the recent contro- private educational ad- are welfare recipients, and it very in which you were ac- ministrator in Chicago seems a different standard is cused of leaving children on a who has earned many expected of our children. They awards for her innova- EECHER bus if they couldn't pay tu- are very cute when they are ition, of taking federal funds tive methods. She was small. All of a sudden, they be- after you denounced that the subject of the film come 17, 15, 16, and they are practice, and of overstating Welcome to Success: The no longer cute. I believe that test results? Marva Collins Story and our children did not possibly the book Marva's Chil- COLLINS: What do I care have an opportunity to become dren. Collins, who was universal citizens of the world, about what people say? You offered and refused the to be able to compete in the know, I bought these buildings. secretary of education marketplace for jobs. THANK I pay the teachers here. I spon- post in 1981, was inter- sor the children who can't pay, viewed by USA Today's Illustrations by Tom Gibson so as far as I am concerned, Barbara Reynolds. Marva Collins USA TODAY: Before you they can continue to predict opened Westside Prep, you Marva Collins' method of in- Taylor, and they almost look ning around with more and but I shall continue to deter- were a Chicago public school struction? like K-mart. There is a decline more degrees. I have more dif- mine. We kept doing what we Turn life's lemons teacher. Are private schools of merchandise, and services. ficulty with the teachers here were doing. In fact, it was very doing better? COLLINS: It's all about be- It's not just in schools. You look than I ever have with the chil- good for me. I hope they start lieving in yourself and not al- at writers who write articles, dren. another controversy because it into fresh lemonade COLLINS: Education is de- lowing people to break your how many really take the time will probably increase the clining not only in public spirit. It's about determination to do research or do they take USA TODAY: Won't Presi- sales of my books and my schools, but in education all and belief in what you can do. everybody else's clips and you dent Reagan's emphasis on speaking engagements. I was USA TODAY: Your most school without learning to over. It's no longer just public It's not letting people break see the same article? How tuition tax credits benefit pri- gone 15 weeks in a row. I made famous student at Westside read? He didn't start school schools. We get children from your spirit. You don't run many of them really take the vate schools, such as yours? more money than I have ever Preparatory School is 24- playing basketball. What hap- very prestigious, very wealthy around with a "poor little me" time to get the facts? made in my life, so it was very year-old Kevin Ross, a star penned in kindergarten? And families, which could send attitude, "poor black me, some- COLLINS: If we have the tu- good for me. You know, if life college basketball player, first and second grade? Kevin them to Switzerland, or any- body is going to do it for me." USA TODAY: Since the ition tax credit, what makes us gives you a lemon, you make who went through 16 years of can't remember the teacher where to school. My own Our creed here that is recited more affluent leave for the think that all schools aren't go- lemonade. That's what we school without learning to that taught him how to read, daughter is in a prestigious pri- everyday by the children says suburbs or private schools, ing to return to being mediocre teach our children. read. How could that happen? which meant he must not have vate school, and she isn't being that society predicts but they doesn't that mean that public again? That's not a cure-all. We been taught. People will ask taught correctly either. Right will determine. If society education is not a success-ori- keep putting Band-aids on USA TODAY: Whites are COLLINS: That's happening him, "When you were 9 or 10 now, Japan and Germany are draws a circle that shuts them ented system? hemorrhages. I am not looking trying to integrate your to millions of children. Kevin years old, why didn't you tell incurring difficulties with their in, they will draw one that for benefits. I'll make my own school, which is located in one had enough sense to say, "I'm the teacher you weren't read- children in school. American shuts them in. .They are taught COLLINS: I was cleaning my way. All I want society to do is of the worst ghettos in the na- going to do something about it." ing?" What 9- or 10-year-old kid children are the victims of to believe that God is not some drawer recently, and I found to leave me alone. I don't want tion. Isn't that unusual? People in my own neighbor- wouldn't play all day if we Dick and Jane. Yale, Harvard, cosmic bellboy at their beck my high school autograph anybody to do anything for me, hood do not read. There are would let him?. What 9- or 10- the University of California at and call. We have to get rid of book. There wasn't a mis- just get out of my way and I'll COLLINS: It is not unusual. around 30 million illiterate year-old child decides he wants Berkeley have remedial read- that zealous, religious fervor, spelled word in that book. I do it myself. I really don't want If I.can make a better mouse- people in America. Kevin is to get an education? What child ing courses. that God is going to take care of called my daughter and told money stuffed in here. I could trap than my neighbor, the just one of many people, one of is mature enough to know what us. her that children were able to be a very wealthy woman. I world will beat a path to my millions. he or she wants? USA TODAY: What is the spell and be halfway literate in have turned down a million door. We have what the world USA TODAY: That sounds racist Alabama, where I grew dollars, to start 100 Marva Col- needs here. So, we have a child USA TODAY: Studies show more like Marva Collins' phi- up. We are so busy living now lins Inc. schools. But I am not whose father is senior partner that under your tutelage Ke- losophy. What do you teach? that we forget the past. There turning out Big Macs. Where of one of the largest law firms vin has come from a 2.2 read- was a time when public school am I going to find the teach- in the city, whose other chil- ing level to 12.7 in about four COLLINS: We teach chil- children did learn to read. We ers? At least Big Macs have dren go to Smith College and months. How did you improve dren to think, we teach logic. aren't talking about being doc- quality control. How can I go Vassar. Kevin's reading scores so We teach Latin. Marva Collins' tors, lawyers, chemists, scien- out and set up 100 Martha Col- fast? way is, perhaps, what most tists, but they were able to read lins schools and make sure that USA TODAY: Can you sum people have forgotten, the way the menu. They were able to children are learning? We up what is happening at your COLLINS: I worked on vo- children were taught back in read newspapers. I don't care would have the same illiteracy school? cabulary, starting with basic the 1920s. Children were taught how many excuses we make that we have now. vowel sounds, comprehension, elocution and that Shake- that might get us off the hook, it COLLINS: What we are do- and just constantly working at speare, Emerson and Thoreau is not going to save us. My USA TODAY: It has been ing here is creating children it. were not too difficult for grade grandmother could read the said that although you are who are going to make their school students. Bible. We are talking about teaching an appreciation of own way. We are creating chil- USA TODAY: Is Kevin a people now who can't com- white literary artists, you are dren here who will say to the victim of the athletic system USA TODAY: Aren't you plete an application. I mean, ignoring the works of black world, "Either take my hand rather than racism? saying let's return to the ba- had Kevin received a degree scholars. and come on with me, or I'm sics? and graduated, he would never going anyway without you." We COLLINS: Kevin just hap- have been able to do a job be- COLLINS: That's not true. have children who do not have pened to be an athlete and he COLLINS: We have to return cause he couldn't really com- There is not a subject you self pity. We have children who didn't get as much as the aver- to doing the things that built plete an application. What do could ask me about that I can- do not have brakable wheels. age black child, but how did he America. Go to the better we have when our children re- not talk to you about, whether We have children whose spirits ever get through grammar stores, such as Saks, Lord & ceive diplomas? We are run- it is the Dow Jones averages, or can't be crushed. Doan Van Toai and David Chanoff Herb Greer USSR out of Vietnam Rebecca West at 90 THE AMERICAN SPECTATOR. R VOL. 16 APRIL 1983 NO. 4 / Hugh Kenner: The Beauty of Bureaucracy Werner J. Dannhauser: Jacobo Timerman Lies Marva Collins, Teaching Our Children Well by Rita Kramer $1.75 A MONTHLY REVIEW $19.00 FOR ONE COPY EDITED BY R. EMMETT TVRREII ID HE YEAR A WGLE185M- 011 8304 1 1 1 M WEIGLE 105 ni THE AMERICAN SPECTATOR VOL. 16, NO. 4 / APRIL 1983 Rita Kramer MARVA COLLINS AND AMERICAN PUBLIC EDUCATION The "controversial" history of a contemporary innovator. In the fall of 1975, after fourteen years of In the spring of 1977 Marva Collins sent brought thousands of letters from parents, teaching, twelve of them in the Chicago a letter to a Chicago Sun-Times columnist thousands of dollars from individual con- public schools, Marva Collins opened a who had written about suburban high- tributors, and more publicity in other small private school (four pupils to begin school students who didn't know who magazines-People, Good Housekeeping, with, one of them her own daughter) in a Shakespeare was or anything about his Saturday Review, etc.-and newspapers. donated basement room in Chicago's works, and invited him to visit Westside Educational journals ran stories about the run-down Garfield Park. the neighborhood Prep. His story on the school, including school. Parents, teachers, press, all where she lived and had been teaching. some of the children's compositions on clamored to visit. School officials came She made use of books salvaged from the Michelangelo, da Vinci, Aesop, and Hin- from as far away as Europe. In the fall of trash bins of the local public school and a duism, was syndicated to newspapers 1979 CBS ran a segment on Westside Prep salary provided by the government-funded around the country. And Marva Collins has on "Sixty Minutes." It elicited six thou- Alternative Schools Network.* Within been in the spotlight ever since. As sand letters and made Marva Collins a months, enrollment had tripled and her journalist (and co-author of Marva Collins's nationally known figure. By the end of 1980 previously "unteachable" or "learning book) Civia Tamarkin puts it, "Readers she had been mentioned in the New disabled" pupils all learned to read, were touched by the story of children who York Times as a possible Reagan choice for increased their verbal and math com- had been discarded as 'unteachable' Secretary of Education and a year later she prehension, and went on to read at climbing to superior achievement in a was the heroine of a prime-time television increasingly higher levels. Their attitude school that was always short of books, "docudrama" seen by an estimated 19 toward school-and toward themselves— paper, pencils, and even chalk." million viewers. had changed. An article in Time in December of 1977 What she had done and what she At the end of that first year, she decided thought about it have now become the to take over the school herself, and moved subject of Marva Collins' Way, t a book it into her own home, changing its name to guaranteed to incur the wrath of just about Westside Preparatory School. Again, she everyone in the education world today. In scrounged furniture, materials, books. She it, she explains the ideas and methods that used her own pension money and her first brought her acclaim and, more husband contributed the labor that made a recently, opprobrium. classroom out of part of their apartment. Her success in teaching previously back- ward and unruly children got around. More As millions of magazine and newspaper parents brought their children, and local readers and television viewers know by press reports were followed by national now, Marva Collins's classroom technique publicity about the one-room school in was to begin with a discussion of a book the which so much was being accomplished by children had read, writing each new word means of so little but one woman's on the blackboard and breaking it down dedicated efforts. into its phonetic components and discus- sing its meaning, letting the discussion *In 1979 she ended her connection with the roam over matters of history, geography, ASN, an arm of the Comprehensive Employ- poetry, botany, while making sure the ment and Training Act, but her participation in children mastered new words and added the program would eventually become a weapon in the hands of her detractors. them to their vocabulary as they added ideas to their experience. ("The essence. of Rita Kramer is author of How to Raise a teaching is to make learning contagious, to Human Being; Maria Montessori: A Biog- have one idea spark another. All the raphy; Giving Birth: Childbearing in while she would be encouraging and America Today; and, most recently. In Defense of the Family: Raising Children in tJ.P. Tarcher, Inc. (distributed by Houghton America Today (Basic Books). Mifflin), $12.95. 8 THE AMERICAN SPECTATOR APRIL 1983 prodding them, and holding forth on the 'progressive' teaching methods. In an effort to Collins was brought up on pride. Her value of learning as the key to success in follow John Dewey's notion of a student-cen- father was a strong personality and a life. tered rather than subject-centered approach to successful man and she grew up respecting learning, schools have too often sacrificed Instruction was always individualized; subject matter, being more concerned with how him and herself. Years later, looking the day's "lesson plan" grew out of the they taught than what they taught It is a around at many of her Garfield Park questions asked that day about what had mistake to assume that in order to stimulate neighbors and wondering why "my south- been read by the children. And she was creativity and critical thinking you must rule out ern pride stuck while theirs didn't," she constantly on her feet, checking each one's any learning by rote. Memorization is the only reflected that "part of the problem is that work, making comments, giving help. She way to teach such things as phonics, grammar, spelling, and multiplication tables. people are looking for easy solutions." insisted on order and discipline in the I'd ask the children, "How are you going to classroom. And she succeeded in gaining They have been led to believe that someone else is going to do things for them. Too many black her pupils' respect both for herself and for the learning she was helping them acquire. 'Children do not need to people have fallen into the pattern of listening to the self-proclaimed leaders who find it in "It seemed to me that the children read stories that teach their own best interest to make people feel would be more anxious to read if they were there are "free rides" in this world. If so many interested in what they were reading. 'street smarts. They foreign immigrants could come to America and make it, so can people like those in Garfield Rejecting the look-say method in which learn enough on their Park. children associate words with pictures and I am convinced that the real solution is read the same simple words and sentences own. What they need are education. We have to teach children self- over and over until they recognize them, character-building reliance and self-respect. We have to teach she taught phonics, in which children learn them the importance of learning, of developing to sound out the vowel and consonant stories. skills, of doing for themselves. I am always reminding my students that if you give a man a sounds that are part of all words, and in fish, he will eat for only a day. If you teach him place of the "Look, Jane" readers she run a corporation if you can't run yourself?' how to fish, he will feed himself for a taught from classics of fable and fairy tale: I didn't hesitate to discuss crime in the ghetto, lifetime. The legacy I want to leave behind drugs, prison, or teenage pregnancy. I told is a generation of children who realize that you I chose those stories because they teach values them welfare is just another form of slavery. can't get something for nothing, who are proud and morals and lessons about life. Fairy tales I did not teach black history as a subject and resourceful enough to take care of their and fables allow children to put things in apart from American history, emphasize black own. In this messed-up world, the only children perspective-greed, trouble, happiness, mean- heroes over white, or preach black conscious- who are going to make something of themselves ness, and joy. After reading those stories you ness rather than a sense of the larger are those who come from strong parents or have something to think over and discuss. More society those who have had a strong teacher. Or than anything, I wanted my students to be both. excited about reading. I wanted them to under- stand that reading is not an exercise in She told her pupils, "I don't want to Co-author Civia Tamarkin, who spent memorizing words but a way to bring ideas to hear any jive talk in here or any of this stuff time in the classroom watching Marva light. about black English. You must not just Collins teach, describes her working the think of yourselves as black children or audience like an entertainer, an old-time The emphasis on "relevance" that limits ghetto children. You must become citizens preacher, giver of love as well as learning. reading to stories about lives like their own of the world, like Socrates." As she put it, She functions, in fact, like the ideal parent. in worlds they already know "undermines "Instead of teaching black pride I taught Tender and tough, uniting affection and the very purpose of an education. It my children self-pride." It was what she discipline in the same source, so that the doesn't expand the children's horizons or had brought with her from her middle- child must accept the one in order to enjoy encourage inventiveness and curiosity. class Alabama upbringing, and what she the other. Instead it limits perspective to the grim found in such short supply in the urban Much of her success must be attributed scenes they see every day of their lives. slums of the North. not to method but to manner. It is her Children do not need to read stories that The child of a well-to-do black business- character that impresses. Over and over teach 'street smarts.' They learn enough man in the segregated South. Marva again, reading her or listening to her, one on their own. What they need are character-building stories. They need to read for values, morality, and universal truths." And so she taught classical literature rather than the books churned out by publishers today as "young people's books." She assigned reading from Plato, Homer, Tolstoy, Emerson to children whose reading had begun only months before, sounding out the new words, talking about the ideas, and always, always relating those ideas to the children's own future lives. Curiosity, ambition, and self-control were the aims of her method, and if her pupils did not always understand the finer points of philosophy or poetry, as her critics claim, they were familiarizing themselves with a world of heroes engaged in adventures of ideas and establishing a sense of values that might send them back to these same texts years later. Over the years, I have come to believe that some of the problems plaguing modern educa- tion are the result of the emphasis placed on THE AMERICAN SPECTATOR APRIL 1983 9 hears her satisfaction in the process of programs like those in "black English" or special-interest groups by suggesting that hard work and its resulting accomplish- "black studies," for the idea that a black the schools were failing-not because they ment. Her sense of mission is contagious, child must be taught by a black teacher in were not doing what only the family could like her love of well-turned phrases, telling order to have a "role model," or retain the do, not because they were not being used mots, and aphorisms. language of the streets in order not to to change society forcibly enough or fast Marva Collins is an example of what an damage his "identity." And she had no enough-but because they were not doing exceptional individual can accomplish use for busing, pointing out that ineffective what they could indeed be expected to through "determination, perseverance, teachers and low-achieving pupils can be do-confront the individual student with stick-to-it-iveness, and pride' the found everywhere. "Miseducation is not a the challenge of a demanding teacher in personal charisma that enables her to function of a child's race or neighborhood love with learning and equipped with inspire her pupils with those same quali- disciplinary sanctions. Far from tactful, ties. When one of the parents of a pupil at she took on the whole educational estab- Westside Prep was asked on "Sixty Whether she was ignorant lishment when she criticized "the count- Minutes," "Do you think what happens less schools across the country that mis- or duplicitous, the charge here in Mrs. Collins's school could be labeled children, simplified textbooks, made to happen on a grand scale in the of having accepted federal diluted curricula, and created special public schools?" she replied. "Only if you curricula for 'underprivileged' children." funds while decrying the had a grand scale of Marva Collinses." A lot of careers, which means a lot of On the same program, she herself said failure of. federal funding money and a lot of prestige, would be she never claimed to be a miracle-worker: to solve the problems of called into question by the idea that "Anyone can do it who's willing to walk pounding away at basic skills and old- from desk to desk and really work at it from schools in the urban slums fashioned exhortation could make a dif- dawn to dusk." is still a smokescreen, if ference in the lives of children greater than anything money could buy or legislation not a smear. could provide. She is at odds with those who blame the system as much as with M arva Collins's emphasis on traditional those who blame the victim. methods of instruction and readings in the but of the teaching methods he or she is classics, on the importance of hard work exposed to from kindergarten on. and high expectations, could have been The backlash was inevitable. She had It was a full-page ad by the SmithKline forgiven. Even an oversize ego or an offended the black leaders by stating that Corporation in the Wall Street Journal and abrasive personality could have been black children's educational needs were no Newsweek in the spring of 1980 that forgiven. Her scorn for the sacred cows of different from those of other children and provided the occasion for the first counter- the contemporary education world could were a matter of expectation, hard work, attacks by those she had so egregiously not. Along the way to national recognition and discipline rather than special schools offended. The ad showed Marva Collins in she had said things like, "It was my school and special courses, that individual initia- the classroom and quoted her on a number and I felt the public had no right to tive and not group advantage was the of her favorite topics including an enthusi- tell me how to run it. That especially meant answer to their plight. astic plug for tuition vouchers. Her government bureaucrats and special She had offended organized profes- espousal of free-market activity in the interest groups pushing minority rights." sionals in the teaching world by suggesting education business referred to "cheats and She told CBS's Morley Safer, "Buildings that individual teachers if they worked profiteers among teachers and administra- do not teach, people do." and added, "I hard enough and cared enough could strike tors" as well as "among the hawkers of would hate to think a union would have to the spark that would turn around the education gadgetry." And she was quoted protect my job. I have too much pride." failing pupil, teach the unteachable to in the Washington Post as saying "most She had no use for the proliferation of value learning. public school teachers she knew couldn't specialists like curriculum facilitators, or She offended the whole spectrum of speak well or spell words correctly them- selves." This was throwing down the gauntlet. United Federation of Teachers president Albert Shanker responded by devoting one of his weekly columns in the Sunday New York Times to defending the public schools against Marva Collins's charges and rais- ing questions about the evidence for her own claims, especially with regard to reading scores. But the full fury of reaction was still to come. By the end of the year she had been mentioned as a possible choice for Secre- tary of Education in the new cabinet (and had immediately rejected the possibility) and had been the subject of an inspira- tional drama based on her life and achieve- ments starring Cicely Tyson on CBS's "Hallmark Hall of Fame." This was too much for the public-school establishment, and retribution was as swift as it was mean-spirited. Substance. a monthly jour- nal published by substitute teachers in the Chicago public schools, claiming to "ex- pose" the "Marva Collins hoax," accused her of doing nothing more than success- THE AMERICAN SPECTATOR APRIL 1983 10 fully using "a drill-based instruction with working teacher who is good at motivating small, select groups of children." children." Since Marva Collins had never claimed Despite red herring and ad hominem M arva Collins is the latest example of a more for herself than drilling children in arguments, what has brought the wrath of recurring figure in the history of schooling the fundamentals in such a way as to so many down on Marva Collins's head, -the educational wonder-worker. As such awaken and sustain their interest, it was what they cannot forgive and need to dis- she stands in the direct line from Pestalozzi hard to find in this charge anything par- credit, are her scorn for educational toward the end of the eighteenth century ticularly damaging. gimmicks and educational jargon, her through Froebel, Itard, Seguin, and Mon- More damaging were the charges that insistence on a common-sense positive tessori, all teachers who devised methods despite her strong stand against public approach to teaching all children by means for teaching the unteachable and then funding of special education programs for found those methods to have wider minorities, the money she had accepted One by one, the labels of application. from the Alternative Schools Network to When Maria Montessori had succeeded start Westside Prep was CETA money, of "Superteacher" and in teaching children previously considered which she received a total of $69,000 "Miracle Worker, uneducable to read and write and, indeed, before taking over the financing of the to outperform the normal children in school herself. (Someone had gone to the pinned on her by the regular schools, it occurred to her to ask considerable trouble of digging up the media, were torn off. "the reasons which could keep the happy checks cashed by Marva Collins up to 1979, healthy children of the common schools on when her relationship with the program so low a plane that they could be equalled ended.) Whether she was ignorant or of old-fashioned drill and traditional liter- in tests of intelligence by my unfortunate duplicitous, the charge of having accepted ary values. The idea that hard work and pupils," and thus a new theory and a new federal funds while decrying the failure of becoming acquainted with what has stood method of education were born. federal funding to solve the problems of the test of time in the ongoing dialogue of The story is always the same. The word schools in the urban slums is still a smoke- literature is still the best foundation on is spread, visitors come from all over, the screen, if not a smear. It attacks the which to build thoughtful men and women innovator is hailed as a miracle-worker, speaker instead of addressing itself to what and responsible citizens is not popular books are written, followers gained, a new is said. The real question-the value of her today. It is a threat to teachers who want theory and method are proclaimed-and approach, the degree of its effectiveness to feel defeated by the shortcomings of eventually forgotten as what proves of and applicability-is left untouched. We pupils and system rather than make the lasting value enters the mainstream of are asked to dismiss the ideas because of effort to overcome those shortcomings; by methodology, becomes part of how things what the woman did. those blacks, Hispanics, and others who are done in most schools, until a new want to feel entitled to reparative public method emerges in new hands in response aid on the grounds that society owes it to to new conditions, and the cycle begins T he Substance article was part of a them; and to those myriad facilitators; again. campaign in which a Chicago Tribune coordinators, and other bureaucrats whose Nineteenth-century innovations in class- syndicated columnist and a reporter for programs are threatened by any departure rooms that made it possible for the first local television channel WBBM joined the from the pious cant of the day on why time to teach large numbers of poor attack. She was being used, was the children come out of so many public children at once in common schools in the charge, by white society and "the white schools having learned so little. It is a cities of Europe and to socialize the media,'' by "those who would replace threat to the tax-supported programs to immigrant poor in the United States came public education with private education ensure racial balance in the schools to seem rigid, and rote learning gave way where the government could not ade- because it insists that what matters is not to Montessori's emphasis on individual quately halt discrimination against blacks, who goes to what school but what is mastery in the service of independence and Hispanics and the poor." A disgruntled expected and even demanded of them Dewey's emphasis on cooperative expres- teacher who had recently parted company there. sion in the service of democracy. Now with Marva Collins was found to contribute a sour word or two about the lack of "proper testing procedures." Granting all these things-that she may be difficult personally for some colleagues and em- ployees to get along with, that she had EUROPE once accepted money of the kind she said would not solve the problems of the schools while setting about to show how those problems could be solved, that she painted her pupils' achievements in the most favorable light, none of these is the real reason for the attack so effectively orches- trated to tear her down in the same media that had built her up. One by one, the labels of "Super- teacher" and "Miracle Worker," pinned on her by the media, were torn off. As Variety put it, "the media giveth and the media taketh away.' Newsweek and the New York Times did wrap-ups in a sadder- but-wiser vein. Only the Wall Street Journal pointed out that the issue was not education but the politics of education, quoting the co-author of her book, "She never pretended to be more than a hard- 11 THE AMERICAN SPECTATOR APRIL 1983 Marva Collins appears as the apostle of a no use for the Italian Catholic woman and fierce loyalty and equally fierce hostility. return to fundamentals, to the mastery of her gospel of individual development Like Montessori, who came to teaching skills and appreciation of tradition that has through self-directed mastery of pre- serendipitously from medicine (she was come to be known as "back to basics." scribed tasks. It was not a doctrine that the first woman to graduate from medical Technology has made it all happen faster accorded with his understanding of the school in Italy), psychiatry, and the study today. It took decades for word of needs of citizens in a participatory democ- of retarded children, Marva Collins took Pestalozzi's accomplishments to reach all racy, in which the emphasis was to be on some education courses ''because they of Europe from his school in Yverdon, group cooperation. interested me, though I had no intention of years for the world to hear about the becoming a teacher. Like Montessori, she Kindergarten, the radical innovation T retained the perspective of the outsider. "I undertaken by Froebel in Thuringia, he parallels between the personalities didn't know anything about educational months for Montessori's accomplishments and careers of the two women are striking. theory, and I have often thought that in Rome to be spread by newspapers and worked in my favor. Without preconceived magazines in both the Old World and the ideas and not bound by rules, I was forced New. The electronic media create instant Montessori's influence to deal with my students as individuals, to heroes today-and have a way of devour- was diminished in this talk to them, listen to them, find out their ing them almost as soon as they have needs." served them up. Educators, philanthro- country when she too ran Exactly like Montessori, Marva Collins pists, religious leaders, political figures afoul of the educational set up and took complete charge of a school came to observe the goings-on at Montes- in a run-down neighborhood where little sori's Casa dei Bambini, and were followed establishment had been expected or achieved in the way by the journalists who made her name a of education and where she could proceed household word. A series of articles in in her way without interference from McClure's magazine made her famous in While Marva Collins's importance and authorities-where, in fact. she herself North America. In Marva Collins's case it influence are not in the same league with would be the only authority. And from the was a television program followed by Montessori's, the parallels between the beginning, she devoted herself unreserv- countless interviews with her and articles two "miracle workers,' the one in the edly to her pupils. Some of them arrived about her school. Roman slums at the beginning of the before breakfast, not many hours after she Montessori lectured and published century and the other in the Chicago slums had finished going over their assignments. widely, but in a year of tireless effort she of today, tell something about the nature of Here is Montessori describing her early could not have hoped to reach the audience the relationship of teaching to learning and efforts: "I gave myself over to the actual Marva Collins can address in a single half- of the maverick teacher to the pedagogical teaching of the children, directing at the hour appearance on a television talk show. establishment, now as then. same time the work of the other teachers." But neither could her detractors command Both women were raised by parents She was there from eight in the morning to the resources of Marva Collins's enemies committed to old-fashioned values, strict seven at night, teaching, observing, ex- in the organized teaching community, and discipline, and a traditional code of perimenting. For Marva Collins as for it took them longer to bring her down. In behavior, and both, despite being mem- Montessori, her school became a testing the end, Montessori's influence was bers of disadvantaged classes (women ground for her ideas and methods. And diminished in this country when she too enjoyed no greater equality in turn-of-the- within a surprisingly short time children ran afoul of the educational establishment, century Italy than rural blacks did in the who had been considered hopeless, un- which in her day meant the policy-makers Depression South), were made to feel they teachable, and/or incorrigible, the with- at leading teacher-training institutions like were special children, with special gifts, drawn and the rebellious, began to learn, Columbia University's Teachers College, of whom much was expected. Both took fire, "exploded," in Montessori's where John Dewey's disciple William were charismatic personalities working phrase, into reading and writing in a Heard Kilpatrick held sway. Kilpatrick had outside the establishment and inspiring matter of weeks. In both cases one can see the effect of a strong personality influen- cing the outcome, of a woman tirelessly engaging the student with challenges in a way that implies a belief in his capacity to meet them. And in both cases the psychological effect of the personal appeal was presented in the context of a system of phonics by which the children learned to read by sounding out the letters that made words. Like Montessori, Marva Collins has the kind of strong personality that invites identification, and she treated the children she taught with respect, a fact that did not go unnoticed by the children or their parents. Like Montessori, too, Marva Collins worked out a way of teaching she insisted on; she could use another pair of hands but not another mind at variance with her own. The history of education is a history of innovators who become remark- ably intolerant of change. But however authoritarian in the running of their schools and the application of their very different methods-the one relying on the child's progressive mastery of a set of programmed materials, the other on books 12 THE AMERICAN SPECTATOR APRIL 1983 and verbal mastery-both Marva Collins What Marva Collins has done is to shabby room with a few books and some and Montessori before her had the same suggest a return to an earlier vision of the paper and pencils, what are we to think aim-to make children independent, to role of the school in American society, as about the millions spent on teachers' teach them to do things for themselves. the key that unlocks the gates of opportu- salaries, elaborate curricula, instructional Fiercely independent individualists them- nity for everyone by providing every materials, government-funded special- selves, both women took on the educational individual with what he needs to go as far interest-group programs, and a vast ad- establishments of their time singlehand- as his own talents and abilities and ministrative superstructure that year after edly in order to implement a system of ambitions will take him, a force for year continues to turn out nonfunctioning teaching which aimed at producing-no socializing those of different backgrounds, and uncaring illiterates? surprise here-individuals like themselves. bringing everyone alike into the main- Despite what her critics have been able For Marva Collins as for Montessori, the to dredge up against her, the issue in the end result of this upbringing was to be in Marva Collins controversy isn't Marva control of one's self. This was the most What Marva Collins had Collins's personality or even her past important attribute of an individual, and to done is to suggest a return funding-it is the truth or falsity of what teach it as a value and inculcate it as a she says about schooling. And what she is characteristic was the ultimate aim of the to an earlier vision of the saying about elementary schools is no educational process. role of the school in different from what James Coleman says in Like Montessori, Marva Collins has been his latest report on the schools#: that while criticized for having, after only a couple of American society family background and parental expecta- years of intensive work with relatively few tions are crucial determinants of who will children, put forward a statement about learn how much, private and parochial how children learn and a plan for stream of American culture by trans- schools do better than public schools- reforming schools and, by implication, mitting the best of the past along with the even for children from similar homes— society. For nothing cuts closer to the bone skills needed to make contributions in the because they impose stricter discipline and of social philosophy than the question of future. It is a vision which is at odds with a demand more in the way of academic the education of the young. Since the system organized in the interests of performance, and that even public schools, advent of common schooling the classroom disparate entrenched special-interest when they enforce attendance, assign has been perceived as the crucible for the groups each promoting what are perceived homework, and insist on discipline in the reform of society. The schools can be made as the special needs of a particular sex, classroom, reach significantly higher levels to serve the ideas of egalitarians, as we race, language-speaking group, or those of student achievement. This is something have had occasion to learn, through a afflicted with unfortunate physical or most caring parents have long ago figured forcible implementation of plans for such mental conditions, and with a philosophy out for themselves, but it is nice to have it goals as achieving racial parity or such that aims at distributing certification in official, wrapped in statistics and delivered ideals as redistributing the benefits accru- proportion to numerical representation in to the door of the educators. Not teacher ing to holders of professional and other the population rather than according to credentials but teacher commitment, not higher degrees. Or they can be used in merit as evidenced in individual achieve- buildings, facilities, audio-visual and other another way, by removing restrictions but ment. fancy aids-i.e., not money-but hard imposing no other kinds of regulation, to What has gotten Marva Collins into work and high standards make all the ensure that equality of opportunity, if not trouble is her adherence to this old-fash- difference. necessarily of outcome, is available to all ioned belief in the necessity for thinking of comers. education in terms of the individual and High School Achievement: Public, Catholic not the group. If one eager and indefati- and Private Schools Compared, by James S. T gable woman can excite and instruct Coleman, Thomas Hoffer, and Sally Kilgore. he year that Montessori's book on her lethargic and backward children in a Basic Books, $20.75. method appeared in English and was reviewed in newspapers, magazines, and professional journals everywhere, and in which her fame was assured by a series of articles in McClure's in America and the Fortnightly Review in England, also saw the publication of a book called The Promised Land. The number-one nonfic- tion best-seller of 1912, it was the ringing testimonial of an immigrant to the public- school system that had "made an Ameri- can" of her. The author, Mary Antin, saw the promise of America as an opportunity, not an assurance. In America, everybody had a chance, but it was up to the individual to secure the fulfillment of the promise. "That is what America was for. The land of opportunity it was, but opportunities must be used, must be grasped, held, squeezed dry.' This atti- tude seems quaint, if not actually obsolete, in a time of Acts, Titles, regulations, guidelines, quotas-all enforced by the threat of withdrawal of federal funding or at the least of protracted; complicated, and prohibitively expensive legal procedures— intended to supersede individual merit and effort as determinants of success. THE AMERICAN SPECTATOR APRIL 1983 13 Casualty of a Failed System After 16 Years of School, "They actually applaud and really make me feel good. They help me and sometimes they ask me for help." Kevin Ross Starts Over Kevin Ross's story is both surprising and sad. It can be said to be surprising because a major univer- sity is apparently owning up to its responsibility and trying to help a failed athlete. But it can also be said By EDWARD MENAKER to be sad because Kevin Ross failed so miserably throughout 16 years of school that he not only never CHICAGO learned to write proficiently, but he never really K EVIN ROSS once was courted by college re- learned how to read. cruiters and says he had his class papers "Maybe, we all share the blame for Kevin's fail- typed by school secretaries. Now Ross is ure," says Creighton University's athletic director, struggling in a storefront grammar school in what Dan Offenburger. amounts to an eighth-grade class, filled with pig- "The system failed him, Kevin failed the system, tailed girls and little boys who carry lunch boxes. He maybe his mother failed him, maybe I failed him. is 23 years old and 6 feet 9 inches tall. "But does the school get 60 percent of the blame, Ross arrived at Creighton University in Omaha a the mother 30, the high school 10? I mean how do you little more than four years ago, a 23-point, 20-re- assess who's to blame?" bound-per-game sensation from Wyandotte High School in Kansas City. Boosters and alumni greeted him with a cake and a party and applause. Now, he is Kevin Ross never became at Creighton the basket- enrolled at what has become a fabled grade school in ball star that he had been in high school. Offenburger Chicago run by Marva Collins. Now he hears a differ- confesses that Ross's talent may have been mis- ent kind of cheering. judged even as he was being recruited by Creighton. "Maybe, we believed a little too much in his high "I go up to the board to do an algebra problem and the little kids clap for me," Ross says with a smile. Continued on Page 27, Column 1 'I go to the board to do a problem and the kids clap The New York Times/Steve Kagan for me.' Kevin Ross, former Creighton basketball player, in class last week at Westside Prep in Chicago. Kevin Ross: Another C Continued From Page 25 school press clippings," Offenburger says now. Ross says that Creighton promised him he would become the starting cen- ter. He wound up starting fewer than 10 games. Even in his best season, as a junior, Ross averaged only 6 points. "Let's face it," says Offenburger. He "was not a great basketball player. He would have had trouble making it as a pro. "But he was a good kid and he never stopped trying." Opal Ross never stopped believing in her son's press clippings. She raised five other children besides Kevin. Now she's on disability retirement from the post office, where she worked as a mail sorter for nearly 19 years. She lives alone in a small apartment in Kansas City, Mo. Today she feels that her son never received a fair chance in basketball at Creighton. "I feel he was robbed of his career," says Mrs. Ross. "I feel he was used by the athletic department, as far as bas- ketball was concerned, and that they didn't treat him fairly." Tom Apke, now the head basketball coach at Colorado, was the coach at Creighton when Ross was recruited. In an interview last week Apke said, "I had no knowledge of him coming into Creighton that he had any prob- lems." But later in the interview Apke said: "Kevin Ross was viewed as a gamble. We accepted him knowing that we were taking a chance." Apke said that Ross was "a little bit over a C student at an average inner-city high school. Ross tested below the na- The New York Times/Steve tional average in his college entrance Kevin Ross with Marva Collins last week at Westside Prep in Chicago. exams. But sometimes those standar- ized tests are not necessarily a good indicator because they can be cultur- recalls some of his early classes, such that there were more people ally biased." as theory of baseball, and ceramics. cerned with him, and more peoj Apke said that Ross was accepted Ross contends that it was not until his concerned directly." mainly on the strength of recommen- junior year that he even understood Ross showed several of his gra dations of high school counselors and which classes were required for cards to The New York Times. Amor his high school coach. graduation. the courses he took in the first seme "But while he was an exception Mrs. Ross describes Kevin's prob- ter of his freshman year were two Ross was not the only borderline case lems this way: hour courses in theory of track an that's ever been recommended and "You know, he was a big kid, tall, field (grade satisfactory) and theor accepted by Creighton." and sometimes he didn't understand of baseball (grade A); a one-hou Apke and every other official of a what was happening in class, I guess, course in squad participation (basket school interviewed for this article re- and you know how kids are, afraid to ball, grade A); a three-hour course in fused to discuss specifics about Kevin ask questions at all. introductory ceramics (grade C); a Ross's classroom record, citing the "I think they gave him courses just three-hour course in photography Family Education and Privacy Act. to keep him eligible." (satisfactory), a two-hour course in The Wyandotte principal, Thomas Offenburger concedes that at mid- first aid (grade C) and a three-hour J. Rhone, remembers Ross as "hav- term of his freshman year, Ross was theology course (grade D). In the nex ing deficiencies," and that his reading struggling and that he was given an semester he took a similar course and writing were behind grade levels. easier course load. load. He had four A's, and a C in the "But he was not the lowest of the low- "We found he could do better with theology course. est," Mr. Rhone said. physical activities and theory Offenburger says that Ross was He made it through Wyandotte in courses," says Offenburger. "My able to maintain his basketball eligi the normal four years, according to recommendation for a lighter load for bility, though he might not have beer Mr. Rhone, but not without special Kevin was approved by the Dean of completing enough requirements for classes and tutoring by teachers. Arts and Sciences." graduation. It was as Ross proceeded "Millions of kids get through schools Offenburger maintains that Creigh- through his second year at Creightor each year with problems like ton did not stretch its standards for that, according to Offenburger, "we Kevin's," Mr. Rhone said. Ross, saying, "Kevin took legitimate began to identify the difficulties with courses with the different depart- which we had to deal." ments of the college, courses avail- It was also at this point that Offen Kevin Ross says he had been told by able to any student, not just Kevin. burger took a step he had not the recruiters that if he just went to "He was treated no different than to take with Kevin class, he would get his degree. any other disadvantaged kid at He is slightly embarrassed when he Creighton. The only alty of a Failed System that he not return to Creighton," Of- er. "But I think it would be naïve to to the basics and being with children, fenburger says, "because of the aca- think that a student could not get close some of whom are less than half his demic challenges involved. enough to office staff or a secretary age. "But Kevin told me he felt he could and that she would give in and do the "You deal with kids on their level," overcome the challenges. I thought it favor. Ross says. would be tough but I respected "I never remember this happening "They're people just like you and Kevin's sincerity." but I won't say that it didn't happen." me," he adds. "It makes me feel good It was Offenburger who broached to see them getting something at their the idea that although Kevin had not age that I didn't get." In 1980, Offenburger and Apke had reached his potential in basketball, Ross denies that he had a reading Ross evaluated in a special program perhaps he could reach his potential in deficiency and says that the explana- at the University of Missouri in Kan- education. tion of his eyes skipping spaces was sas City. "The crime at this point would have "They suggested he see an optome- been walking away from him, letting just Creighton. being used as an excuse by trist," Offenburger says. "They said him drop into oblivion," says Offen- that Kevin had some kind of defi- burger. ciency for his eyes, skipped spaces as "Maybe, there was some guilt. But I he read.' think more importantly, we just felt Ross says that in just the short time Offenburger says Ross underwent responsible to this kid. We had prom- that he has been at Westside Prep his special tutorial help at Missouri and ised him an education and now we reading has improved. He turns to a when he returned to Creighton, "he were going to follow through on it. book-lined shelf and pulls out a small. was able to maintain his eligibility." "It's just that we didn't feel that we pocketbook from which he begins Ross's being tutored at Missouri were equipped at Creighton to handle reading. It is Edith Hamilton's my- raised a problem with the National Kevin's problem." thology, "Timeless Tales of Gods and Collegiate Athletic Association be- Offenburger remembered a school Heroes." He reads slowly but cor- cause he was attending another in Chicago called Westside Prep that rectly and says that he understands what he has read. school, and N.C.A.A. regulations pro- had been profiled on the network tele- hibit a college from providing a spe- vision program "60 Minutes.' It was He squeezes himself under his cial service for an athlete that it does- run by a woman who was called a make-shift desk. In front of him are n't provide for other students. But, Of- "miracle worker," and a "super books like Plato's Republic, The Port- fenburger says, "when we proved that teacher." The school supposedly able Machiavelli and Introduction to we do this for other students, the reached out to children considered to Algebra. Kevin Ross is in the last seat N.C.A.A relented." be at an educational dead end. Kevin at the back of the first row as you At the end of his junior year, Ross Ross seemed to fit the bill. enter the room, almost sticking out had arthroscopic surgery to remove Offenburger proposed the idea and into the doorway. bone and tissue fragments from his even flew Ross and his mother, at "I don't care how people look at left knee. This incident seemed to Creighton's expense, to Chicago for a me," says Ross. "All I know is that focus the bitterness and confusion of look at the school. I'm here trying to better myself. his three years at Creighton. "We talked and talked," says Offen- "I feel like I was in a bottle and that "Kevin went to the doctor alone," burger. "But in the end we realized it I just escaped," Ross says. "Many Ross says, using his first name to had to be Kevin's decision and Kevin's nights I actually went home and cried. make his point. "Kevin went to sur- decision alone." "Sure, they're helping me. But, they gery alone. Ross remembers it this way: put me through a hell of a test. You "Nobody seemed to care. I did "Offenburger called me in and said can't slap a dog or treat a man bad everything on my own. I busted my 'you haven't got the guts to go to that and then give him gold and expect him tail to do everything for them basket- school in Chicago. You haven't got the to forget about the past. ball-wise and then they just left me guts to be with those little kids.' "I'm the one who has to live with alone." "I told him that he was wrong, that I this the rest of my life.' In his senior year, Kevin wound up wanted an education and that I'd go When Offenburger was asked if on academic probation. His course anywhere to get Creighton would take Ross back after load included three physical education Offenburger worked through the his 10 months at Westside Prep, he courses, a ceramics course, and an Creighton administration, eventually said, "when my phone rings and English course. His grades were two even getting the Westside Prep idea Kevin tells me where he is and what F's, two D's and a satisfactory. It was approved by the school president. he needs, I'm going to do everything I also another lost year in basketball. Creighton agreed to bankroll the idea, can to help him." He averaged about 3 points a game in essence extending Ross's scholar- "I'm prouder of Creighton than ever during a season in which the team ship another year. He enrolled at before, Offenburger says. "You can went from Missouri Valley Confer- Westside Prep last month. He lives look at it this way, you know, that a lot ence champions to one with seven vic- with a family in Chicago. of educational institutions have to tories and 20 losses in its first season take the blame for its failures. In under Coach Willis Reed. By the end Kevin's case Creighton has accepted of the year Kevin still found himself a After 16 years of schooling, Kevin the blame and done something about year to a year-and-a-half short of his Ross is back at the start, this time at a it. degree. school that faces a busy street lined "When you try things that are crea- Ross maintains that along with his with factories. It is sandwiched be- tive, sometimes they work and some- reading difficulties, he also had prob- tween places like the Hawthorn Grill times they bomb out. But at least lems with his writing, that he had used and the Dessent Sheet Metal Company we're giving it a shot." cursive writing in high school but did on West Chicago Avenue. Over its not use it at Creighton when he found Says Kevin Ross: storefront facade are the simple white out he could get by with printing. And, "Basketball is tucked away in the metal letters spelling "Westside he maintains, class papers that he Prep." attic now. I want to be a somebody. printed were handed over to athletic Ross is now in the hands of Marva "I could say a million nice things department secretaries to be typed. Collins, who started the school in a about Creighton, or about my high Neither Offenburger nor Apke said school, but it all still comes out the room of her home and has gone on to they had any knowledge of this, but gain an international reputation for same way in the end. each conceded that they would not "Where did I miss out?" success. She says that she will do in 10 have been surprised if it had hap- months what was not done for Kevin pened. Ross in 16 years. Edward Menaker is a news writer- "We would not approve a secretary Ross appears determined to get his producer at WLS-TV, the ABC-owned typing for a student," says Offenburg- education even if it means going back station in Chicago. Tribune photos by Ernie Cox Jr. After four years in college, basketball player Kevin Ross couldn't keep up with a class of 3d graders. Now basketball is taking a back seat-Ross is learning how to read and write. In college, all he could read was the defense By Linda Kay Six-foot-nine-inch Kevin Ross, a highly regarded prep athlete in Kansas City, Kan., HE COULD NOT punctuate a sentence. the basketball team captain his senior year He never capitalized the pronoun "I." Un- at Creighton, could barely read and write able to write cursively, he printed. He could when he entered Westside Prep. Today, he not differentiate between the words are and is making slow but steady progress. our, knew and new, or too, to and two. He "I just don't know how I made it through had never read an entire book. all those years of school without those Yet Kevin Ross possessed a high school skills," says the 24-year-old Ross, a sof- diploma and attended Creighton University tspoken giant, as he sits at a table piled in Omaha for four years. with books and magazines. "I sure knew Last September, Ross made news when how to play basketball, though." he enrolled at Westside Preparatory School ROSS' STORY, which will be told in a in Chicago. "The plan was to put Kevin in made-for-television movie at the end of the the classroom," says Marva Collins, the year, is shocking even to those familiar school's founder, "but he couldn't keep up with my 3d graders." Continued on page 8, col. 6 OVER Ross probably would not have come to Westside Prep if hadn't been injured in his junior year at HE LIVES IN an apartment near Creighton. "I knew I was passed the school and does little else after along in school because I was a good athlete," he says. But when he hurt class except read [he recently finished his first book, "Five Smooth Ross his knee and required surgery, that lesson really hit home. Stones"] and play with some of the No longer of great value to the students, who view him as a big brother. team, Ross suddenly found himself Continued from page 1 on academic probation in his fourth "Kevin doesn't have a lot of time with academic scandals in college year at the school. to fool around," Collins says. "He "I was supposed to return to has a whole life to make up. If Kevin sports. It is also very timely in light of a Creighton for a fifth year, but I got wants to succeed, he can't go to rule recently adopted by the Nation- the worst grade card I ever got," discos. People criticize me. They say al Collegiate Athletic Association. says Ross. "They put me on academ- Kevin needs a social life. But he That rule, which takes effect in 1986, ic probation. Then I knew I had can't afford those luxuries." stipulates that to compete as fresh- gotten a free ride for four years. Nevertheless, Ross is brimming men at a Division I school, incoming Then everything started coming to with plans. He wants to take lessons me. They told me I couldn't come in speech and drama so he can talk athletes must have a 2.0 average [out of a possible 4.0] in a specific back to school." comfortably to high school students FOR ALMOST FOUR years, Ross about his life. He is thinking about number of core curriculum courses and a combined score of 700 [out of took college courses designed to keep playing himself in the television 1,600] on the Scholastic Aptitude Test him eligible, not to help him obtain a drama, he thinks about one day re- or a 15 [out of 36] on the American degree. Education courses and turning to basketball, and he would like to start other schools like West- College Testing exam. classes in philosophy and religion "Either pay for it now and get were blended with courses like theo- side Prep, perhaps with the money he makes from the TV show. yourself educated, or pay for it ry of baseball and theory of basket- later," says Ross. "You're going to ball "to help balance out the grade pay one way or the other.' point," Ross says. Ross is proof of that. But unlike "If I had a report to turn in, I'd many athletes who suffer in silence, get a book, try to read a chapter or Ross admitted his illiteracy and two and write the report by copying sought help. some of the book," he says. At Westside Prep, Ross is attempt- In addition, a school secretary ing to learn in nine months what he would read books for Ross and type failed to learn in 16 years of school: up the pertinent points. Ross would how to read and write. submit that as his paper. "I went to AT FIRST, KEVIN joined the class, I did my work to the best of children aged 4 through 14 who my ability. It really hurts when you attend the private school founded by want to do something so bad but you Collins, a commanding woman both just lack the skills.' praised as a miracle worker and ROSS, WHO SAYS he was ready to criticized for her unorthodox "explode" with frustration when the methods. school denied him another year, says Within days, Collins pulled him out the athletic department offered to of the classroom and began working help him explore a couple of options. with him one on one. "I could have gone to Australia to "I made the mistake of not testing play basketball,' he says, "or gone Kevin before he came here," Collins to the police academy. But what says bluntly. "I thought he at least good is it if you can't fill out a police knew the basics. But Kevin still has report? And if I went to Australia, to pick up the skills we teach to the I'd come back three years later and 4-year-olds. And it would be too de- still be a dummy. meaning for him to be in the "I want to be looked on as a classroom with them." successful and intelligent person, not Ross was unfamiliar with rudimen- just a jock. I want a woman to love tary phonetics. "The thing she has me for my mind and the knowledge I taught me which has helped me the have, not for being a super athlete." most," he says, "is the vowel Interestingly, it was the athletic sounds: a, e, i, o, u and sometimes director at Creighton who suggested y." still another option: Westside Prep. After three months, Ross took an "They didn't think I'd have the guts achievement test to gauge his prog- to come," Ross says. "They said I ress. He had improved the equiva- wouldn't last a week." lent of two grades in reading skills. But after visiting the school last THAT WAS A BIG disappointment spring and seeking the advice of his to Collins, who counted on Kevin family, Ross decided to enroll. jumping five or six grades. Creighton is footing the bill for the "A lot of the teachers here thought tuition. I did very well, but she's pushy," says Ross. "Instead of settling for in- between, she wants total im- provement. I believe I will increase my scores a heck of a lot when I'm tested again." Ross will take the achievement test a second time Jan. 29. Ross: Plays of Life Most Vital Lessons By Robert Dorr cation, including four years at Ross said there is a 50-50 chance he Creighton. will return to Creighton at the end of World-Herald Staff Writer One test put his writing at the second- the current school year. He might work Former Creighton University basket- grade level. Creighton officials said oth- toward a degree at another college, he ball player Kevin Ross says his decision er tests indicated Ross' reading and said. to return to elementary school to learn writing, while poor, were a few grades Ross' story has received nationwide to read and write was difficult, but nec- higher. attention in newspapers and on tele- essary "to learn the plays of life." "Everybody thought he was a dum- vision. MGM has decided to make a In an essay, he wrote: "It is not easy my," said his teacher, Marva Collins. documentary movie, Mrs. Collins said. to take the road seldom taken. It was Now, she said, Ross "IS doing very, Ross titled his essay "A Modest Pro- not easy to return to very well." posal." The title comes from an essay grammar school to She said she read Ross' essay, one of written by 18th century British satirist get the basic skills many he has written since enrolling at Jonathan Swift. Ross recently read the that I had missed the private school, before he sent a Swift essay, Mrs. Collins said. for 16 years. Ho- copy to The World-Herald. "I thought it Ross said he wrote the essay "from wever, no problem was good," she said. my heart. This is how I feel." can be solved until In a telephone interview, Ross, 24, Mrs. Collins confirmed that Ross it is faced." said he continues to be enthusiastic wrote it. The thoughts and grammar When he arrived about his schooling. He said his self- are his, and it shouldn't come as a sur- at Chicago's West- confidence is increasing and he thinks prise that he is capable of writing such side Preparatory more clearly. an essay, she said. School last fall, Mrs. Collins said she has stressed the "I expect a lot - the best - from tests indicated he need for Kevin to improve his reasoning Kevin. I expect a lot from everybody," was reading and Ross ability "to get him to establish his own she said. writing at the el- opinions." She still tutors him individu- The unedited text of the essay fol- ementary level despite 16 years of edu- ally on reading and writing, she said. lows: A MODEST PROPOSAL FOR 1983 by Kevin J. Ross As the turbulent noise of 1982 dies away, we must begin to think of alternatives for 1983. To repeat the same mistakes is to say that there are no cures for the fetidness of our time. As a former athlete, I have just one proposal for the betterment of our youth. They must learn early that they cannot conquer the world in a pair of gym shoes. I feel that sports is emphatically needed in every curriculum. I however, feel that sports must not be given priority over the future survival of a student. One must begin to think of the time when the scoreboard is no longer lit, and the crowds no longer cheer, and we are only as good as the last day that we were on the playing field. The playing field of life is forever, and we must let our children know that we appreciate their every effort to participate in sports, but too, they must be able to participate in life as literate citizens of the world, and not as past sports heroes. Today's fetid facts must awaken us to the reality that something is drastically wrong with a country who can put men on the moon, a country which is envied by other countries, and most of all a country that is far too powerful to be illiterate. Illiteracy and power simply do not mix. The denouement of what is must be faced with stark reality, and wishing that our children could be academically superior and superior on the academic fields at the same time may simply be the American nightmare rather than the American dream. Alliterative jingles and prettily wrapped packages with decadent goods inside is simply just another way of avoiding fact. Nothing can be solved until it is faced. It is about time that we all admit that we have paid sports figures such phenomenal figures that all children feel that the way to share the American dream is to be- come good in sports. The foundation of our nation however, is truly the preparation of our youth, and if we continually make children think that sports is more important than academics then we shall surely all suffer at the hands of our reluctance to act. The same children that ill prepare today will one day lead us What then? CHICAGO UN-TIMES Views PAGE 31 UESDAY, MAY 31, 1983 An address by a very special graduate he word "graduate" means to The slaves of the past found their way in the dark. Surely motivators. You made my confidence soar. So tonight I have completed a course of those of us today in the view of the light can do better. say: "Thanks; you gave me hope and determination." study. You will never, howev- We Americans have become complacent, accustomed to The best brains in the world are in this room. Not to er, finish the challenges of life. "good enough." That is what now has us in such a use them to answer the sad calls of our society would be a You must never see difficulties decadent state. If we continue our present course, trying sin. as insurmountable. You must nev- to dig from underneath our mistakes, we will be pretty People with locked, rusty hearts attempting to force er be afraid to believe in your own much like trying to clean up the San Francisco quake you to sit on the sidelines and catch the crumbs of the self-worth, since it can only be with a toothbrush. mainstream of society will be a recurring theme of your measured by you. Everything has its price, even success. There are no free lives. Spend your lives, however, unifying for good, not Much has been given to you by rides. There can be no fudging of answers, no easy pacifying your critics. your parents and by the teachers facades. The heights cannot be attained by flight. Great To be your own agent and not somebody else's advocate Kevin at Westside Preparatory School. men work while others sleep. is not always popular. But remember, your own Therefore, much will be expected When others saw flags of failure waving above our conscience must guide your actions. Ross of you. heads, Mrs. Collins saw success. We must never negate One thing must be clear: It is easier to tag and label You must carve your own this faith. We must never let the dream of "I can" and "I than it is to care and teach. The hypothesis is that dreams on shapeless stone. The will" die. students watch too much television, that we don't care, PERSONAL pursuit of success will demand Life has always marooned the hesitant, but you were that we are a drug-crazed generation. I say to you, it is VIEW more of you than the pursuit of taught to be inspired, to etch and carve your own the adults who have created our illiterates. It is you who failure. As Shakespeare said in must heal the academic wounds of this world. "Julius Cacsar": "Our fate is not I also urge you to give back to others a portion of the within the stars it is within ourselves." 66 Learning and succeeding is a rich blessings we have all received during our stay at Believe in the good and the right. Each time one of you Westside Prep. stands for an ideal, or acts to improve your own life and lifetime pursuit. " Others will never demand as much of us as teachers the lives of others, you will send forth a tiny ripple of have. But you must continually demand much of hope to those who may not dare to hope. yourselves. You must become the Roman candles that will A true education makes people easy to lead but difficut ignite others, and you must shoot off sparks to the to drive, easy to govern but impossible to enslave. statistics. Plato's "Republic" reminds US that "education hopeless. You must become addicts-addicted to the reality that is cumulative, and it affects the breed." Your breed has Michelangelo once walked the streets of Florence with a your skills are not failure-proof. We will never be in the been affected for the very best, because the best has been piece of marble, and he said, "Inside this piece of marble land of the done. Learning and succeeding is a lifetime given to you. is an angel just dying to get out." I, too, was like that. All the glorious places in the world have not been Inside was a real live person just dying to breathe literacy. pursuit. Each day will bring its new challenges. Some people taken. The greatest book has never been written. The Thank you, Mrs. Collins, for giving me a new lease on life. will call them problems. You must see them as opportuni- greatest song has never been composed. The greatest May each of you have enough success to make you an ties and not belabor why they happened, but think of success is yet to be accomplished. Never yield your place asset to society. And enough failure to make you avoid solutions. in the line. Stand up and shout: "I can, I will, and I shall complacency. Life is always calling you. Your luck is your Alexander Pushkin once said: "I know my power, for not retreat until I have accomplished my goal." own pluck. When society draws a circle to shut you out, me this knowledge is sufficient." Each of you must use Nine months ago my life seemed rather bleak and drawn your own circle that will shut you in. yours to eradicate persecution, callousness and tyranny in dismal. I had to begin to wipe out 16 years of bad You know that envy is ignorance. You know that only all its forms. education. Yet I gained three years in just four short in dreams is a ladder thrown. The climbing must be your Westside Preparatory School has been a beacon of months! I knew I did not want to go through the rest of own. hope. When the world saw darkness, Marva Collins saw my life as one of 23 million illiterates. I knew I could Kevin Ross is the basketball player who ompleted light. When society drew circles that shut us out, she afford to fumble on the basketball court, but a faux pas in four years of college and came out illiterate. This taught us to design our own circles. life could be fatal. testimony that he no longer is was adapted from his heat The students et Wosteide Pron have been my greatest graduation address. Westside Prep 200 Sub-Times 5-26-83 grads get-some towering advice By Bob Herguth City, Kan. And he finished to Sun-Times Columnist standing applause from pupils and their relatives. Kevin Ross, 24, stood tall and Only last September, Ross had triumphant as he gave the com- difficulty reading and writing mencement address to fellow when he arrived at Westside Prep graduates of Marva Collins' from Creighton University in Westside Preparatory School. Omaha, Neb. He had just fin- "Learn, learn and learn some ished four years at Creighton more," the 6-foot-9-inch Ross with no degree or any immediate told his classmates from the sev- hope of one. enth and He charged eighth grades that the school Wednesday " Learn, learn had put him on WESCHE PREPARATORY evening. "Never cease and learn some Mickey Mouse learning," the former college more. " courses to keep him eligible for basketball star basketball. said, because -Kevin Ross And he had then "the acri- undergone monious de- knee surgery in bate about inner-city students his junior year that diminished will become as obsolete as COV- his chances for a professional ered wagons on the expressway. basketball career. The best brains in the world He attended Westside Prep Kendrick Felder (left) and Nicholas Wells look up located right here in this Wednesday from Marva Collins' Westside Pr with Creighton's financial help, to classmate Kevin Ross after the three graduated oom tonight," he said. determined to learn the basics he tory School. (Sun-Times Photo by John Ke Ross's topic at the crowded had missed. Since then, he has What now? Ross plans to at- Ross one-on-one, said she hopes Collins, a former public graduation ceremony in the Cor- advanced a year in age, two tend Roosevelt University or the he attends college part-time next teacher, founded Westsid Cafe, 501 N. Rush, was "Re- pounds in weight, and six school University of Illinois at Chicago fall and also works at Westside in 1975 to teach supposed ighting the Candle of Excel- years in most subjects. and get his degree. "It will take a Prop as a tutor. teachable children)in the ence." He tests out at at the high year or two," he said. "If it takes - "The children love him and The school 19 at 4146 W. CI He had written the speech school senior level in reading and 10, I'm going to do it. It doesn't automatically behave for him," Before giving his 8 imself, and he read it with feel- math, and at the sophomore level matter." A TV movie, of his fight she said. "And I asked him to Wednesday, Ross said b in language mechanics. for a meaningful education, is promise he'll come out with all "excited. This is the way He was wearing a pin-striped The certificate he received planned. And he and Collins are A's and B's" in college. "I don't before a basketball game. I a graduation gift from his Wednesday evening attested that writing a book. want him to ever fail academical- I was an astronaut and 1 nother, Opal Ross of Kansas he had reached these levels. Collins, who sometimes taught ly again." jump in my shuttle." 18 PRESS-TELEGRAM (AM/PM)/THURSDAY, MAY 12. 1983 College 150 athlete finally Press Pelegram learns california to read Andy Knott "The progress is amazing, Collins high school diploma and was vigorously "The facade of acting like I could read icago Tribune Service said. "But it is not unusual for a moti- recruited by several Midwestern univer- was too much. I confessed to the whole vated student to progress rapidly. sities. world." CHICAGO - Kevin Ross, a 24-year- Remember, he has had 16 years of prac- di former college basketball player, tice." When he enrolled at Creighton Uni- Creighton officials reacted by send- ill graduate from high school this versity in Omaha, Ross said that he ing Ross to Collins and paying his tui- onth for the second time, but this The testing was conducted by Har- could not read a restaurant menu. tion. "But they didn't think I was seri- me he will take with him the basic vey Gross, director of admissions at ous," said Ross, who added that the ex- lucational skills he never got his first Providence-St. Mel High School, who He played four years at Creighton perience made him bitter at first. "But me around in high school or col- first tested Ross in September and and claims he attended class regularly. I knew I must show them. I was never ge. again in January. And yet, when he left there in 1982 embarrassed. The best revenge is to without graduating, his abysmal read- achieve." Ross gained national attention last The results show his reading skills to ing and writing skills prevented him eptember when he enrolled at West- be at the national average for high from writing a personal check. His lack His future appears much brighter de Preparatory School to improve his school seniors. In spelling and mathe- of education might never have been than it was last fall. Ross said he is con- xth-grade-level reading skiils, despite matics, he is one semester behind the known had it not been for a knee injury templating enrolling this fall at the ur years of high school and of college. national average. He equals sophomores that sidelined Ross much of his senior University of Illinois at Chicago to fin- "The children love him. He is a sym- in language mechanics. year. ish his degree. He will support himself bl to the millions in this country who from money he received for the rights on't have basic skills and believe they "I feel like I have learned a lot," He claims the school attempted to to his life story, which may be made in never help themselves," said Marva Ross said Wednesday. "I have confi- "unload" him by taking his scholarship into a movie, he said. Ross also hopes to ollins, who runs the school. dence that I can achieve anything now. away and forcing him to drop out be- play professional basketball. I have learned that education is a life- According to results of an achieve- cause of the injury. He fought the ent test administered early this long pursuit, and I will spend the rest of school and stopped hiding his igno- May 25th is graduation day at West- onth, Ross now reads and computes my life learning." rance, he said. side, and Ross will give the commence- KEVIN ROSS, seen last year with junior hig The story of how Ross wound up at "I realized I was tired of hiding the ment address. class, has now advanced to the equivalent A athematics as well as the average high hool senior. On Wednesday, Collins Westside Prep last fall has dismayed fact that I could not read," Ross said. "It is fitting," Collins said. a high school senior. leased those results, which show Ross many. Ross, a 6-foot-9-inch prep bas- now about six years ahead of last ketball hero from Wyandotte High eptember. School in Kansas City, Mo., received a VA-D28 ROANOKE TIMES & WORLD NEWS (M)69,000 (E)49,000 (S)119,600 200 APR 11 1983 CLIPPED BY BACONS 1420 Trailblazing or just hard work? 4-11-83 11-83 M ARVA COLLINS, the last time we looked, was "in" again The reputation of the Chica- go teacher of the "underprivi- leged" has swung wildly. In the mid-Seventies, when her private, shoestring school began attract- ing attention - primarily be- cause her pupils actually learned - she was hailed as a new force in education: the high priestess of "back to basics." She was considered for U.S. sec- retary of education. Her "unor- thodox" statements on the problems in public education Roanoke Times 49,000 caught up with her a few years again, she is being over-praised, rent theories about what makes later, however, and both her perhaps because she has often Johnny learn. But her results work and her theories were chal- been over-criticized. speak for themselves. lenged. She used public funds and she was little more than a The latest encomium, in the She is unorthodox only to drill sergeant, claimed her de- The American Spectator, com- the extent that she adheres to tractors. Even some of her pares her with Maria Montesso- methods that were broadly ap- school's test scores were called ri, the Italian educator. But at plied and broadly accepted a into question. the center of all the controversy century ago, before the educa- Two years ago the anti-Col- is a determined woman who tional theorists swept the field. lins campaign was at its height; loves to teach, not an education- Those methods are based on magazines and newspapers were al revolutionary. Her methods common sense and hard work; falling all over themselves - concentration on basic skills and more and more parents are pointing out the "flaws" in the wedded to an uncanny ability to beginning to realize that it is the Collins method. Now her defend- make her students feel their in- teacher - dedicated and de- ers are mounting a counterat- dividual worth and potential manding - who is the key to ed- tack on her detractors; and, once may well clash with some cur- ucation. WA-D14 SEATTLE POST INTELLIGENCER (M)197,100 (S)223,000 150 CLIPPED BY MAY 7 1983 BACONS P-I EDITORIALS Seattle Urban League's Post May 2, 1983 timely speaker The Seattle Urban League's choice of speaker, Marva Collins, for its annual dinner this week was a master- stroke of timing, coming as it did in the immediate aftermath of the National Commission on Excellence in Education's scathing report on America's schools. Collins had taught for 14 years in a Chicago elemen- tary school when, in 1975, she got fed up with a daily diet of disinterested and sometimes stoned teachers dishing out what she considered junk education to unchallenged children. It was then she opened her alternative West- side Preparatory School in an upstairs room of her home. Since then the success of her teaching methods have received widespread national attention and ac- claim. She told her Seattle audience many of the nation's school systems continue to offer the lowest common denominator of educational mediocrity, through pre- packaged lesson plans and simplistic textbooks whose chief contents are large pictures. Meanwhile, she argued, the fundamentals of reading, writing and arithmetic continue to recede in classroom significance. Rather than have children use their brains learning multiplica- tion tables, they. are given automatic calculators. "We are now introducing illiterates to computers," she said, noting that such prestigious seats of higher learning as Yale, Harvard and the University of Califor- nia at Berkeley had been forced to introduce remedial reading classes for some entering freshmen. Collins' prescription for educational change in many ways echoes the national commission's recommendations for a return to basics. Two Collins comments, in particu- lar, regarding the role of teachers, deserve thoughtful attention: "Things do not teach, people teach" and "dull teachers produce dull students." Westside Prep Sun-Times 5-26 grads get-some towering advice By Bob Herguth City, Kan. And he finished to Sun-Times Columnist standing applause from pupils and their relatives. Kevin Ross, 24, stood tall and Only last September, Ross had riumphant as he gave the com- difficulty reading and writing encement address to fellow when he arrived at Westside Prep raduates of Marva Collins' from Creighton University in Vestside Preparatory School. Omaha, Neb. He had just fin- "Learn, learn and learn some ished four years at Creighton ore," the 6-foot-9-inch Ross with no degree or any immediate his classmates from the sev- hope of one. and He charged ghth grades that the school ednesday " Learn, learn had put him on wrensing which vening. "Never cease and learn some 'Mickey Mouse'' arning," the college more. " courses to keep him eligible for asketball star basketball. because -Kevin Ross And he had "the acri- undergone onious de- knee surgery in about inner-city students his junior year that diminished become as obsolete as cov- his chances for a professional wagons on the expressway. basketball career. The best brains in the world He attended Westside Prep Kendrick Felder (left) and Nicholas Wells look up located right here in this Wednesday from Marva Collins' \ with Creighton's financial help, to classmate Kevin Rose after the three graduated tonight," he said. tory School. (Sun-Times Photo determined to learn the basics he Ross's topic at the crowded had missed. Since then, he has What now? Ross plans to at- Ross one-on-one, said she hopes Collins, & for aduation ceremony in the Cor- advanced a year in age, two tend Roosevelt University or the he attends college part-time next teacher, found Cafe, 501 N. Rush, was "Re- pounds in weight, and six school University of Illinois at Chicago fall and also works at Westside in 1975 to tead the Candle of Excel- years in most subjects. and get his degree. "It will take a Prep as a tutor. teachable child He tests out at at the high year or two," he said. "If it takes "The children love him and The school 19 at He had written the speech school senior level in reading and 10, I'm going to do it. It doesn't automatically behave for him," Before givi mself, and he read it with feel- math, and at the sophomore level matter." A TV movie, of his fight she said. "And I asked him to Wednesday, R in language mechanics. for a meaningful education, is promise he'll come out with all "excited. This was wearing a pin-striped The certificate he received planned. And he and Collins are A's and B's" in college. "I don't before a basket) a graduation gift from his Wednesday evening attested that writing a book. want him to ever fail academical- I was an astro other, Opal Ross of Kansas he had reached these levels. Collins, who sometimes taught ly again." jump in my sh Chicago Chicago Tribune Thursday, May 12, 1983 Tribune photo by Ovie Carter Marva Collins and Kevin Ross, former college Westside Prep school in September. Ross, 24, left basketball player, discuss his achievement-test college with reading skills so poor that he was scores that show him gaining six years' worth of unable to write a personal check. "The best academic skills since he enrolled in Collins' revenge is to achieve,' he now says. 'Best revenge is to achieve' Ex-collegian finally learns how to spell, read By Andy Knott The testing was conducted by cation might never have been Harvey Gross, director of admis- known had it not been for a knee KEVIN ROSS, a 24-year-old for- sions at Providence-St. Mel High injury that sidelined Ross much of mer college basketball player, will School, who first tested Ross in his senior year. graduate from high school this September and again in January. He claims the school attempted month for the second time, but this The results show his reading to "unload" him by taking his time he will take with him the skills to be at the national average scholarship away and forcing him basic educational skills he never for high school seniors. In spelling to drop out because of the injury. got his first time around in high and mathematics, he is one semes- He fought the school and stopped school-or college. ter behind the national average. hiding his ignorance, he said. Ross gained national attention He equals sophomores in language "I realized I was tired of hiding last September when he enrolled at mechanics. the fact that I could not read," Westside Preparatory School, 4146 "I feel like I have learned a lot," Ross said. "The facade of acting W. Chicago Ave., to improve his Ross said Wednesday. "I have con- like I could read was too much. I sixth-grade-level reading skills, de- fidence that I can achieve anything confessed to the whole world. spite four years of high school and now. I have learned that education Creighton officials reacted by college. is a lifelong pursuit, and I will sending Ross to Collins and paying "The children love him. He is a spend the rest of my life learning." his tuition. "But they didn't think I symbol to the millions in this coun- The story of how Ross wound up was serious," said Ross, who try who don't have basic skills and at Westside Prep last fall has added that the experience made believe they can never help them- dismayed many. Ross, a 6-foot-9- him bitter at first. "But I knew I selves," said Marva Collins, who inch prep basketball hero from must show them. I was never em- runs the school. Wyandotte High School in Kansas barrassed. The best revenge is to According to results of an City, Kan., received a high school achieve." achievement test administered diploma and was vigorously re- HIS FUTURE appears much early this month, Ross now reads cruited by several Midwestern uni- brighter than it was last fall. Ross and computes mathematics as well versities. said he is contemplating enrolling as the average high school senior. WHEN HE enrolled at Creighton this fall at the University of Illinois On Wednesday, Collins released University in Omaha, Ross said, at Chicago to finish his degree. He those results, which show Ross is he could not read a restaurant will support himself from money now about six years ahead of last menu. he received for the rights to his life September. He played four years at story, which may be made into a Creighton and claims he attended "THE PROGRESS is amazing," movie, he said. Ross also hopes to class regularly. Yet when he left play professional basketball. Collins said. "But it is not unusual there in 1982 without graduating, for a motivated student to progress May 25 is graduation day at his abysmal reading and writing rapidly. Remember, he has had 16 Westside, and Ross will give the skills prevented him from writing commencement address. years of practice." a personal check. His lack of edu- "It is fitting," Collins said. SCORECARD continued Creighton, where he loaded up on such courses as Theory of Track and Field, Squad Participation (basketball), Intro- ductory Ceramics, Photography and First Aid. A recent test revealed Ross's SCORECARD reading skills now to be at the national average for high school seniors, and he says proudly, "I know about Plato's Re- COLLEGE ATHLETICS III public now. I didn't know who Plato was Now that we've discussed college ath- when I came here." letes 1) who can't read and 2) who get run Ross's dramatic academic improve- off by their coaches, we move on to the ment at Westside demonstrates, as does subject of Kevin Ross, who was still vir- the progress of some of the athletes in tually unable to read or write after play- Iowa State's remedial program, that col- ing center and forward for Creighton's leges could do a far better job of provid- basketball team for four years and who ing a real education to the disadvantaged cláims that in his senior year he had to re- athletes they lure onto their campuses. It sist the efforts of Coach Willis Reed, who also underscores the need to modify the was disappointed in his play, to hound NCAA's recently enacted Proposal 48, him into quitting the team. which starting in 1986 will make mini- Belatedly accepting its responsibility mum scores on standardized tests a con- for Ross's academic failings, Creighton dition of academic eligibility. Such mini- in effect extended his scholarship for a mums would throw the baby out with the fifth year by paying his tuition at West- bath water, barring eligibility-and side Prep in Chicago, an innovative pri- probably as a practical matter, the vate school with a reputation for helping awarding of athletic scholarships-to youngsters overcome educational defi- many academically deficient students ciencies. After he enrolled at Westside who need only the proper opportunity last September, photos of the '9", 23- and appropriate catch-up help to succeed year-old Ross in a classroom with sev- in the classroom. enth-graders attracted national attention, Instead of Proposal 48, the NCAA as did the news that he'd tested at the sec- should adopt and enforce proposals that ond-grade level in reading. will require its member schools to edu- The Ross story now has an almost hap- cate those athletes they now only exploit. py ending. On May 25 Ross will graduate Then we wouldn't have to qualify occa- from Westside Prep, and he'll take with sions such as Ross's graduation as being him academic skills he failed to acquire "almost" happy. Ross says he's consider- either in high school in Kansas City, ing returning to college to pursue a de- Kans., where he received a diploma, or at gree in earnest-he's thinking about the continued University of Illinois-Chicago or Roose- velt University-and he pronounces himself pleased with his academic turn- around, saying, "Creighton labeled me 'rejected,' and I turned it over, and I put 'accepted.' But he also says, "This is no time for me to celebrate because I know there are a lot of people out there like I was." Ross will have an opportunity to expand on this theme on graduation day at Westside Prep. He's scheduled to give the commencement address. 1420 Blame the teachers, not the schoolchildren Maill, 1983 It will take superteachers, like Marva Collins, to bring high standards Angeles back to Herald the classroom By Rita Kramer LOS apartment. Her success in teaching previously backward and unruly n the fall of 1975. after 14 children got around. More parents years of teaching. 12 of them brought their children, and local in the Chicago public schools, press reports were followed by Marva Collins opened a small national publicity about the one- private school (four pupils to begin room school in which so much was with, one of them her own daugh- being accomplished by means of so ter) in a donated basement room in little but one woman's dedicated Chicago's run-down Garfield Park, efforts. I chose those stories because they the neighborhood where she lived In the spring of 1977, Marva teach values and morals and lessons and had been teaching. She made Collins sent a letter to a Chicago about life. Fairy tales and fables use of books salvaged from the Sun-Times columnist who bad writ- allow children to put things in trash bins of the local public school ten about suburban high school and a salary provided by the students who didn't know who perspective -- greed, trouble, happi- government-funded Alternative Shakespeare was or anything about ness, meanness, and joy. After Schools Network. Within months, his works and invited him to visit reading those stories you have enrollment had tripled and her Westside Prep. His story on the something to think over and discuss. previously "unteachable" or school, including some of the chil- More than anything, I wanted my "learning disabled" pupils all dren's compositions on Michelan- students to be excited about read- learned to read, increased their gelo, Da Vinci, Aesop, and verbal and math comprehension, Hinduism, was syndicated to news- ing. I wanted them to understand and went on to read at increasingly papers around the country. And that reading is not an exercise in higher levels. Their attitude to- Marva Collins has been in the memorizing words but a way to bring ward school - and toward them- spotlight ever since. As journalist ideas to light. selves - had changed. (and co-author of Collins' book, The emphasis on "relevance," At the end of that first year, she "Marva Collins' Way") Civia Tamar- decided to take over the school kin puts it, "Readers were touched which limits reading to stories herself, and moved it into her own by the story of children who had about lives like their own in worlds home, changing its name to West- been discarded as 'unteachable' they already know, "undermines side Preparatory School. Again, she climbing to superior achievement the very purpose of an education. scrounged furniture, materials, in a school that was always short of It doesn't expand the children's books. She used her own pension books, paper, pencils and even money, and her husband contrib- chalk." horizons or encourage inventive- uted the labor that made a class- As millions of magazine and ness and curiosity. Instead, it limits room out of part of their newspaper readers and television perspective to the grim scenes they viewers know by now, Collins' see every day of their lives. Chil- classroom technique was to begin dren do not need to read stories with a discussion of a book the that teach 'street smarts.' They children had read, writing each new word on the blackboard and learn enough on their own. What breaking it down into its phonetic they need are character-building components and discussing its stories. They need to read for meaning, letting the discussion values, morality and universal roam over matters of history, truths." And so she taught classical geography. poetry, botany, while making sure the children mastered literature rather than the books new words and added them to churned out by publishers today as their vocabulary as they added "young people's books." ideas to their experience. ("The She assigned reading from essence of teaching is to make Plato, Homer, Tolstoy and Emerson learning contagious, to have one idea spark another.") All the while to children whose reading had she would be encouraging and begun only months before, sound- prodding them, and holding forth ing out the new words, talking on the value of learning as the key about the ideas and always, always to success in life. relating those ideas to the chil- Instruction was always indivi- dualized; the day's "lesson plan" Marva/F-4 grew out of the questions asked M that day about what had been read by the children. And she was constantly on her feet. checking each one's work, making com- ments, giving help. She insisted on order and discipline in the class- room. And she succeeded in gain- ing her pupils' respect both for herself and for the learning she was helping them acquire. Rejecting the look-say method in which children associate words with pictures and read the same simple words and sentences over and over until they recognize them, she taught phonics, in which children learn to sound out the vowel and consonant sounds that are part of all words, and in place Marva desk to desk and really work at it for busing, pointing out t from dawn to dusk." fective teachers and low-a pupils can be found ever Marva Collins' emphasis on tradi- "Miseducation is not a funo Continued from page F-1 tional methods of instruction and child's race or neighborhoo dren's own future lives. Curiosity, readings in the classics, on the the teaching of the teachir ambition and self-control were the importance of hard work and high ods he or she is exposed aims of her method, and if her expectations, could have been for- kindergarten on." pupils did not always understand given. Even an oversize ego or an The backlash was in abrasive personality could have She had offended the black the finer points of philosophy or poetry, as her critics claim, they been forgiven. Her scorn for the by stating that black c) were familiarizing themselves with sacred vows of the contemporary educational needs were n a world of heroes engaged in education world could not. Along ent from those of other adventures of ideas and establish- the way to national recognition she and were a matter of exp ing a sense of values that might had said things like, "It was my hard work and discipline send them back to these same texts school and I felt the public had no than special schools and courses, that individual i years later. and not group advantage Over the years, I have come to answer to their plight. believe that some of the problems She had offended o plaguing modern education are the professionals in the teachir result of the emphasis placed on by suggesting that in 'progressive' teaching methods. In teachers if they worke an effort to follow John Dewey's enough and cared enoug notion of a student-centered rather strike the spark that wordbox than subject-centered approach to around the failing pupil, t learning, schools have too often unteachable to value lear sacrificed subject matter, being She offended the who more concerned with how they trum of special-interest gi taught than what they taught. It suggesting that the scho is a mistake to assume that in order failing - not because th to stimulate creativity and critical not doing what only the thinking you must rule out any could do, not because th learning by rote. Memorization is not being used to change the only way to teach such things as forcibly enough or fast er phonics, grammar, spelling and but because they were n multiplication tables. can't run yourself?' I Associated Press what they could indeed I'd ask the children, "How are pected to do - confr you going to run a corporation if you individual student with t didn't lenge of a demanding te hesitate to discuss crime in the Marva Collins teaching this year. love with learning and e ghetto, drugs, prison or teen-age with disciplinary sanctic pregnancy. I told them welfare is from tactful, she took on t) just another form of slavery. I educational establishmen did not teach black history as a she criticized "the c subject apart from American his- schools across the coun tory, emphasize black heroes over Marva Collins mislabeled children, sir white, or preach black consciousness textbooks, diluted curric rather than a sense of the larger offended black leaders created special curricula society. by stating that black derprivileged' children." She told her pupils, "I don't careers, which means a want to hear any jive talk in here children's educational money and a lot of prestig or any of this stuff about black be called into question by English. You must not just think of yourselves as black children or needs were no that pounding away at ba and old-fashioned exh ghetto children. You must become citizens of the world, like Socra- different from those of could make a difference lives of children great tes." As she put it, "Instead of other children. She anything money could teaching black pride I taught my children self-pride." It was what offended organized legislation could provide. odds with those who bl she had brought with her from her middle-class Alabama upbringing, professionals by system as much as with tl blame the victim. and what she found in such short suggesting that Despite what her crit supply in the urban slums of the been able to dredge up aga North. I am convinced that the real individual teachers if the issue in the Marva controversy isn't Collins' solution is education. We have to teach children self-reliance and self- they worked hard ity or even her past fundir respect. We have to teach them the enough and cared the truth or falsity of what about schooling. And wh importance of learning, of develop- ing skills, of doing for themselves. I enough could turn saying about elementary : no different from wha am always reminding my students around the failing Coleman says in his latest that, if you give a man a fish, he will the schools: that while eat for only a day. If you teach him pupil. background and parental how to fish, he will feed himself for a tions are crucial determ lifetime who will learn how much Co-author Tamarkin, who spent and parochial schools d time in the classroom watching than public schools - Collins teach, describes her work- children from similar h ing the audience like an enter- right to tell me how to run it. That because they impose strict tainer, an old-time preacher, giver of love as well as learning. She especially meant government bu- line and demand more in reaucrats and special interest of academic performance, functions, in fact, like the ideal groups pushing minority rights." even public schools, wl parent, tender and tough, uniting She told CBS's Morley Safer, enforce attendance, assig affection and discipline in the same source, so that the child must "Buildings do not teach, people work, and insist on discipl do," and added, "I would hate to classroom, reach sign accept the one in order to enjoy think a union would have to higher levels of student the other. protect my job. I have too much ment. This is something When one of the parents of a pupil at Westside Prep was asked pride." ing parents have long ag She had no use for the prolifera- out for themselves, but it on "60 Minutes," "Do you think what happens here in Mrs. Collins's tion of specialists like curriculum have it official, wrapped school could be made to happen on facilitators, or programs like those tics and delivered to the in "black English" or "black the educators. Not teache a grand scale in the public studies," for the idea that a black tials but teacher commiti schools?" she replied, "Only if you child must be taught by a black buildings, facilities, aud had a grand scale of Marva Collin- teacher in order to have a "role and other fancy aids ses." On the same program, she model," or retain the language of money - but hard work herself said she never claimed to the streets in order not to damage standards make all the di be a miracle-worker: "Anyone can do it who's willing to walk from his "identity." And she had no use Grading the state of education in America today Santa Ang Register Can't we get to the heart of the matter? May 2, 1983 By Alan W. Bock Instead of thinking, we get media-wise and has acceptable grammar, but doesn't slogans like "unthinking, unilateral educa- know the difference between mouthing slo- tional disarmament" and "a rising tide of gans and thinking, who has never been W e'll probably see a flurry of media mediocrity that threatens our very future exposed to the rich tradition of inquiry and attention and purported analysis as a nation and as a people," and, most thought that is our heritage. in the wake of the report of the outrageously, "if an unfriendly foreign Of course the commission was inquiring National Commission on Excellence in power had attempted to impose on Amer- into "public" education. An institution fi- Education that was released last week. It's ica the mediocre educational performance nanced by the state will naturally be de- inlikely that much of the discussion will that exists today, we might well have signed to produce the kind of people who to the heart of the matter. viewed it as an act of war." are useful to the state - people who have As is often the case, H.L. Mencken years Those are cute phrases well calculated been trained to stand in lines, obey orders, was more relevant to the present than to catch the attention of headline writers respect "duly constituted authority," con- nost current commentators can hope to and those who write teasers for the eve- fine their original thinking to technical im- and his commentary itself offers a clue ning news, but they betray more of the provements, and perform the tasks the paucity of good thinking. His 1908 teaser mentality than profound thought. deemed useful to the rulers with a fair ook on Nietzsche had the following com- Insofar as they betray thought at all, what degree of efficiency and a minimum of nents on education: can be inferred from them, and from most complaining. "Education, as everyone knows, has two of the discussion that has surrounded the The commission's complaints boiled nain objects: to impart knowledge and to release of the report, is downright alarm- down to whining that the products at the mplant culture. It is the object of a ing. end of the assembly line didn't have the eacher, first of all, to bring before his The tone of the report and of most of competence required to be efficient ser- oupil as many concrete facts about the those who have discussed that report is vants of the designs desired by society's iniverse - the fruit of long ages of inquiry concern about whether, with our mediocre masters. and experience - as the latter may be educational system, America will be able I have a suspicion that the coming high- capable of absorbing in the time available. to compete in the high-tech world of tomor- tech, service society everyone is predict- After that, it is the teacher's aim to make row. The implication is that the "educa- ing so facilely may require a much more pupil's habits of mind sane, healthy and tional" system should mass produce fundamental rethinking of what we mean manly, and his whole outlook upon life that technically competent cogs in the produc- by education than is dreamt of in govern- of a being conscious of his efficiency and tive machinery rather than independent, ment commissions. eager and able to solve new problems as thinking individuals. Private, individualist innovators like they arise. What "solutions" does the commission Maria Montessori and Marva Collins in "The educated man, in a word, is one offer? The usual. Longer school days, Chicago have demonstrated that a com- who knows a great deal more than the more school days per year, more disci- bination of individual attention, high average man and is constantly increasing pline and homework, more attention to expectations, loving discipline and enthu- his area of knowledge, in a sensible, or- math and science. The kind of "education" siasm can bring certified "low achievers" derly, logical fashion; one who is wary of contemplated by such recommendations is in deprived minority groups to a level of sophistry and leans automatically and al- a travesty on the word itself. achievement far above the mass-man most instinctively toward clear thinking. Education is derived from the Latin respecters of authority turned out by the "Such is the purpose of education, in its words "e" and "ducare," meaning public schools. We may need those in- ideal aspect. As we observe the science of (roughly) "to draw out" or to help individ- sights. teaching in actual practice, we find that it uals reach the potential that lies within often fails utterly to attain this end. The It may be that children can learn what them. When you're talking longer hours concrete facts that a student learns at the they really need - to read, write, figure and more days, you're talking about some- and believe in themselves - in just a few average school are few and unconnected, thing to be drilled into or imposed (in- and instead of being led into habits of inde- years, maybe a few months, in circum- flicted?) on people. That may be training stances far different from standard class- pendent thinking, he is trained to accept or it may be indoctrination. It isn't educa- authority. When he takes his degree, it is rooms. There may be literally dozens of tion. usually no more than a sign that he has ways the essentials can be imparted, and joined the herd." The compilers of the report spend a lot of we might do well to start ridding ourselves The very language of the report last ink despairing over the future of the na- of the myth that spending hours and years week that was supposed to criticize mod- tion. They seem less concerned about the in a classroom absorbing respect for au- education is an indicator of the low future of the actual individuals SO ill- thority is the only or the best way to reach esteem in which true education helping served by educational mediocrity, the the goal of independent, inquiring, adapt- individual people to become clear-think- daily tragedies of functional illiteracy or able and competent individuals. capable, independent people open to (perhaps more important) the person who culture - is held. did well in school by boning up for exams Bock is a Register editorial writer. MAY 7 1983 CLIPPEDBY BACONS Easy schools Seattle Post May 7, 1983 ruin the kids, expert argues By Darrell Glover P-I Reporter America's schoolchildren have be- come "robotized idiots" who can't read or write, says the founder of the nationally publicized Westside Pre- paratory School in Chicago. Recent changes in our educational system have made it easier for both students and teachers, and as a conse- quence "our children have little more to do than check true or false an- swers," Marva Nattles Collins said. Collins, the guest speaker Thurs- day at the 53rd annual dinner meet- ing of the Seattle Urban League at the Sheraton Hotel, argued that: "To continue to travel our present course of consistency (in education) is mental suicide. Until there are changes in our present system, our children will never reach their true potential.' 'Admit defeat' Marva Collins, who runs a pri- This generation of students will vate school, says books that are differ from all others because today's easy to read "should be burned." students "will be less educated than their parents," she saiddd. should be burned," Collins said, not- Children watch too much televi- ing there are no easy methods to sion because they can't read, Collins teaching and learning. said, and this development has helped Dull teachers beget dull students, create an epidemic of teenage alcohol- Collins said. Teachers must create an ics and suicides. atmosphere of learning, and they More studies won't solve the edu- must motivate and teach children not cational problem, she said. to be afraid to make mistakes or "We must admit defeat in educa- "express their latent thoughts." tion and begin anew," Collins said. Has own school "All of us will suffer from our reluc- tance to act." Current teaching methods and Classrooms must become work- curriculum in the nation's schools shops again, she said, and "we must have been devised by "experts who make the curriculum in our schools have never taught a class in their fit the needs of our children." lives," said Collins. If children could learn to read by Fed up with the school system in tackling difficult passages from the Chicago, Collins opened her own Bible 50 years ago, "what then is our school in 1975. The school has grown excuse today?" she asked. to more than 200 students. Her story was made into a television movie. Unable to punctuate "Our 4-year-olds learn to read by First-grade readers contained Christmas," Collins said. Fifth and more than 870 different words several sixth graders in the school take, years ago, Collins said, but today they among other courses, Latin, geògra- contain only 72 words. "That's pro- phy and reading, she said, and "each gress?" must write daily." The decline in test scores,are The success of the school has pro- caused, in part, because students can't moted visits from more than 2,000 read the tests, Collins said. Students educators from the United States and are unable to punctuate because they eight other countries, Collins said. are not taught how to write. There are no hall guards in the Teachers must inspire students school, no policemen have ever visited and return to using books that teach the school, and there is no graffiti on determination and courage, she said. the walls, she said. "In teaching children to read we must Children in the school "don't be- teach them to learn to love to read." lieve in can't, impossible or might If books are easy to read "they have been," Collins said.